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Open Access Article
1 - Measuring the Impact of Possible Actors on Future Land Wars in the Eastern and Southern East of Iran
سیدعلیرضا قاضی میرسعید حمیدرضا فرتوک زاده حسین ولیوند زمانی سید اصغر GH ابوالفضل باقریOne of the characteristics of future wars is the plurality and diversity of actors and forces involved in the war, and the analysis of actors is a process by which actors are identified; their role and contribution in the intended program and the relationships of the ac MoreOne of the characteristics of future wars is the plurality and diversity of actors and forces involved in the war, and the analysis of actors is a process by which actors are identified; their role and contribution in the intended program and the relationships of the actors are determined. To make Therefore, this research has been conducted with the aim of analyzing the main actors in the eastern and southeastern parts of the country to formulate controversy and possible ground warfare in the future.This research was exploratory and futuristic. In this regard, a panel of experts consisting of 11 tables of experts and experts in the field of war was formed and then interviewed with 9 senior officials associated with the situation in the region. Then, using the actor analysis method, the main actors in the future ground warfare in the area were identified and classified, and then the role of the actors and the relationship between them was identified. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The role of development of privatization on financial growth of insurance companies in Iran
zeynolAbedin amini sabegh zahra gachpazianBachground: The research aimed to investigate reducing the government's role in the management and ownership of insurance companies and shows the impact of it on the profitability and financial growth of this companies in Iran. Goal: The aim is to evaluate the relation MoreBachground: The research aimed to investigate reducing the government's role in the management and ownership of insurance companies and shows the impact of it on the profitability and financial growth of this companies in Iran. Goal: The aim is to evaluate the relationship between development of privatization and profitability of insurance companies. Research Methodology: Statistical population of this research includes insurance companies established in the years between 2009 and 2014. Ratios of insurance penetration rate, returns of invested capital and capital structure have been used to measure the independent variables. Returns of stockholders' equity and returns of assets have been used to measure profitability as the dependent variable. The hypotheses were tested by using Eviews software. research findings: To test the hypotesis we represnted the model that based on it we measured the existence and type of the relationship between development of privatization and profitability variables. The results of research shows that the relationship exictence between privatization and its variables with profitability variables. Conclusion: Decrease the government's role in the management and ownership, implementation of privatization, diversification insurance tools and increased insurance culture in order to expand the activity and profitability of insurance companies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Prioritization of Policies Human Resource Development Policy Model of Iranian Governmental Organizations Based on Results of ImportancePerformance Gap Analysis
Ali Mostafa Roozbeh kaveh timorneghad محمد رضا ربیعی مندجینContext: For nearly three decades the human resources that are attracted to the government will be at the service of the government. Understanding the priorities of the HRD policy model will greatly contribute to the success of government education and development progr MoreContext: For nearly three decades the human resources that are attracted to the government will be at the service of the government. Understanding the priorities of the HRD policy model will greatly contribute to the success of government education and development programs. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prioritize the HR policies based on the analysis of the gap between importance and performance from the perspective of target population. Methodology: Quantitative data were collected through a questionnaire by stratified random sampling and Cochran formula. The research is a cross-sectional descriptive survey and analyzed by SPSS 22 software and dependent t-test. Findings: Out of fifteen general policies analyzed, five policies at the first level of importance, seven policies at the second priority, and three policies at the third priority. On the other hand, by incorporating the influence coefficient of each policy, redesigning the system of training of government employees using the rational decision mechanism becomes more important. Conclusion: The necessity of redesigning the system of training of government employees by using rational decision-making mechanism based on human resources development approach can be considered as the most important macro policies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Reciprocity collective leadership with hard and soft influence tactics based on Carson (The case of staff Isfahan steel company)
Mohammad Malek Mohammadi Faradonbeh Mohammad Reza DalviBackground: One of the new ideas of leadership that emphasizes the active participation of all employees in different activities, leadership is shared. Leadership feed all employees play an active role and to organizational goals attempted and in the meantime one of the MoreBackground: One of the new ideas of leadership that emphasizes the active participation of all employees in different activities, leadership is shared. Leadership feed all employees play an active role and to organizational goals attempted and in the meantime one of the most important determining factors in leadership effectiveness, success in influencing people and managers of successful has the ability to impact both on the and on the upper arms and the Hmpaygan simultaneously be used. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the three dimensions of collective leadership with soft and hard tactics to influence the staff's Esfahan Steel Company.data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire drawn through the ladder of abstraction that validity and reliability was approved.Results: The method equation modeling, to analyze data and research results show that the dimensions of collective leadership ambiguous task, task cohesion and indoor tactics came in soft and hard, which consists of commitment, consistency there is a positive relationship between resistance and solidarity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Analyzing the mediating role of social influence transmission in the impact of digital content marketing components on word of mouth e-marketing and viral e-marketing
Mohamad Shoaib Allami mohamad Hadi AsgariBackground: The purpose of this study is to analyze the mediating role of social influence transmission in the impact of digital content marketing components on word of mouth electronic marketing and viral electronic marketing of food tourism industry in Guilan province MoreBackground: The purpose of this study is to analyze the mediating role of social influence transmission in the impact of digital content marketing components on word of mouth electronic marketing and viral electronic marketing of food tourism industry in Guilan province.Objective: To measure the impact of digital content marketing components by emphasizing the mediating role of social influence transfer on word of mouth electronic marketing in the food tourism industry of Guilan province and is of a practical type.Methods: The method of the present study in terms of nature, descriptive-survey and statistical population of this study included all tourists in Guilan province. Due to the unlimited statistical population, the population size was determined based on Krejcie Morgan table 384 people who were selected by available sampling method, statistical samples. Data collection tools and information in this study are digital content marketing questionnaires (Yi Bo et al., 2020); Electronic Viral Marketing (Joe Parkinson et al., 2019); And word-of-mouth marketing (Kwak and Kim, 2017); Their content validity was confirmed according to scientific experts and structural validity was confirmed based on confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity and divergent validity.Resualt:In this study, normative social influence has been able to.Conclusion: The findings showed that the transfer of social influence has a positive and significant effect on the impact of digital content marketing components on word of mouth electronic marketing and electronic viral marketing, which means that by increasing the transfer of social influence and improving its indicators, Expect the digital content marketing components to improve. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Investigating the process of the descent of relative depth of space in improving the efficiency of the "courtyard" in traditional houses
Ali akbar Heidari maryam kiaeeThe purpose of this research is to evaluate and measure the efficiency of the yard space with an emphasis on the concept of functional radius in different types of traditional Iranian houses (Kashan & Esfehan). In reviewing the relative depth of sink function, it is MoreThe purpose of this research is to evaluate and measure the efficiency of the yard space with an emphasis on the concept of functional radius in different types of traditional Iranian houses (Kashan & Esfehan). In reviewing the relative depth of sink function, it is necessary to convert the quantitative data of the plan into quantitative data... In the physical composition of each home, spaces are divided into two categories: "service spaces" and "service spaces", where the combination of spaces together has a direct relationship with the function of the service provider or service provider. The layout model of the spaces of each home expresses the particular type of spatial relationships of that house, which is sometimes unique in buildings, and sometimes with a stable pattern, in the spatial relationship of the houses jointly observed. The purpose of this article is to examine the performance of the yard in a variety of Iranian house patterns, which is based on the definition of the functional radius of the yard in different patterns of the house. In order to test the above process, three different models of a gull, two gullies and three gullies in Kashan and three samples with the mentioned characteristics in Yazd were selected as case samples. In this research, in order to determine the functional efficiency of space, justification graphs and syntactical maths are used. Different parts of the house, like many other spaces, have spatial priorities and special rankings for better service and therefore a good performance. In the physical composition of each home, spaces are divided into two parts: "Service spaces" and "Service spaces", where the combination of spaces together has a direct relationship with the function of the service provider or service provider. The layout model of the spaces of each home expresses the particular type of spatial relationships of that house, which is sometimes unique in buildings, and sometimes with a stable pattern, in the spatial relationship of houses is seen jointly. The purpose of this article is to examine the performance of the yard in a variety of Iranian house patterns, which is based on the definition of the functional radius of the yard in different patterns of the house. In order to test the above process, three different models of a gull, two gullies and three gullies in Kashan and three samples with the mentioned characteristics in Yazd were selected as case samples. In this research, in order to determine the functional efficiency of space, justification graphs and syntactical maths are used. Accordingly, the research question in relation to the research goal is as follows:How does changing the functional radius in space increase or decrease the efficiency of the yard in the Iranian home?Accordingly, the hypothesis on the answer to the research question is as follows:The greater the functional radius of a space in the configuration of the building, the effective radius and the sphere of influence of that space decrease, and thus the efficiency of the space increases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Two-dimensional viscous flow through expanding or contracting gaps with permeable walls using Parameterized Perturbation Method (PPM)
Mirollah HosseiniIn this study, the problem of laminar, isothermal, incompressible and viscous flow in a rectangular domain bounded by two moving porous walls, which enable the fluid to enter or exit during successive expansions or contractions is solved using a series based analytical MoreIn this study, the problem of laminar, isothermal, incompressible and viscous flow in a rectangular domain bounded by two moving porous walls, which enable the fluid to enter or exit during successive expansions or contractions is solved using a series based analytical techniques Parameterized Perturbation Method (PPM). The concept of this method is briefly introduced, and its application for this problem is studied. Then, the results are compared with numerical results and the validity of these methods is shown. After this verification, we analyze the effects of some physical applicable parameters to show the efficiency of PPM for this type of problems. Graphical results are presented to investigate the influence of the non-dimensional wall dilation rate ( ) and permeation Reynolds number ( ) on the velocity, normal pressure distribution and wall shear stress. The present problem for slowly expanding or contracting walls with weak permeability is a simple model for the transport of biological fluids through contracting or expanding vessels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Comparative study of mistake and its effects on the civil law of Iran and France
Reza Fazli Ahmad Yousefi SadeghlouThe present article examines the mistake in Iranian law in the field of private law and its application with regard to the latest developments in the French legal system. One of the relationships between people is civil relations and the most significant civil relations MoreThe present article examines the mistake in Iranian law in the field of private law and its application with regard to the latest developments in the French legal system. One of the relationships between people is civil relations and the most significant civil relationship is contracts. The principles of mistake are one of the most important issues in contracts because if a mistake occurs in the contract, its fate may be affected. Mistakes are incorrect or inaccurate perceptions of reality in the elements of legal action that have different effects on the will. In fact, error is the error in knowing and believing the opposite of reality, despite the firm belief or strong suspicion and the correctness of thought and action, and is equivalent to the concept of compound ignorance. A mistake in French law causes absolute or relative invalidity, so that in Iranian law, a mistake is ineffective in some cases and effective in others. Based on the studies conducted, it can be concluded that the use of theories and experiences of French law should not lead to ambiguous legal writings, if some jurists have confused the concept of relative invalidity in French law with the lack of influence in Iranian law, such as Use of the word breach in Article 201 of the Civil law, which is used to express the guarantee of misconduct. Studies show that in Iranian law, a mistake never causes a lack of influence, because the lack of consent causes a lack of influence and the defect of consent causes the option to terminate, and absolute invalidity will be achieved by destroying the intention. Therefore, the duty of jurists is to establish principles that act in the direction of firmness of contracts, such as the principle of necessity and correctness, and on the other hand, guarantee performances such as invalidity, termination and non-influence that guarantee the interests of individuals in the face of these principles. Conclude in this regard. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - نگرشی نو بر معامله راهن نسبت به عین مرهونه(با مطالعه تطبیقی)
آزاد فلاحی فرزاد فلاحی -
Open Access Article
10 - Evaluation of spatial distribution appropriateness of Tabriz Urban Parks in terms of influence area using Remote Sensing and GIS
Shabnam Akbari Omid RafieyanFrom the perspective of urban planning and management, the criteria for the distribution of parks, in terms of the scope of influence and the benefits of the surrounding areas, is of particular importance. The main purpose of this study; Determining and evaluating the i MoreFrom the perspective of urban planning and management, the criteria for the distribution of parks, in terms of the scope of influence and the benefits of the surrounding areas, is of particular importance. The main purpose of this study; Determining and evaluating the influence area of each type of urban parks in Tabriz. The map of urban parks was produced based on updating the land use map extracted from the detailed plan of Tabriz using satellite imagery and fieldworks in a combined method. Then the map of Tabriz city parks according to their area were prepared in 5 categories of parks; Mini, Neighborhood, Regional, Community and Mountain parks and the influence radius of each park was applied in GIS as a buffer based on internal research. The results showed that none of the ten districts of Tabriz Municipality are desirable in terms of covering the influence of "neighborhood" parks and the need to develop this type of parks in the whole city is serious. District 1, 2 and 8 are in a good position to cover the area of influence area of "Regional" parks. Most districts, except 9 and 5, are covered by "Community" parks. "Mountain" parks cover almost all the ten districts of Tabriz and district 1 is in the best condition in terms of being within the influence area of all types of parks. In terms of social and psychological functions of parks, although the existence of Metropolitan parks is necessary to attract large local populations and tourists, but the great impact of "Mini" and "Neighborhood" parks in addition to ecological functions, in family entertainment and ultimately increase social vitality should not be ignored. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Economic and Social Impacts of Nightlife Implementation on Urban Sustainable Development Planning (Case Study: Tehran and Area of Influence) Alireza Sadeghi, Bakhsh; Alireza Stelaji; Rahim Sarvar
alireza saadeghibakhsh alireza estelaji Rahim SarvarThe new night and nature is a new opportunity with economic returns that can sometimes be culturally and family-friendly, reinforcing all kinds of family solidarity and empathy. The current research question is what are the effects of realization of inner and outer nigh MoreThe new night and nature is a new opportunity with economic returns that can sometimes be culturally and family-friendly, reinforcing all kinds of family solidarity and empathy. The current research question is what are the effects of realization of inner and outer nightlife on urban sustainable development planning (Case study: Tehran and area of influence)? The present study uses a mixed approach, which combines both qualitative and quantitative methods. As a qualitative research case study, this qualitative research strategy explores various aspects of nocturnal life in urban sustainable development planning of Tehran metropolitan complex and area of influence. In addition to the case study, the survey method was used as a quantitative method for data collection and analysis. The research statements were confirmed with a mean score above 4 and standard deviation below 1. The research findings indicate that the social and economic impacts of realization of the inner and outer nightlife on urban sustainable development planning (case study: Tehran and area of influence) include both "social" and "economic" dimensions Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Central Place and Local Influence Range Theories and Models
مسعود MahdaviIn many parts of world, especially the lesser developed countries, the basis notions ofcentral place theory may have much wider application, because in many small villages,consumer normally supply, with goods and services from permenent central places.Therefore to find MoreIn many parts of world, especially the lesser developed countries, the basis notions ofcentral place theory may have much wider application, because in many small villages,consumer normally supply, with goods and services from permenent central places.Therefore to find of these places position is very important in the rural planning. In thispaper two methods for this problem has been discussed.The Scatter diagram is obtained by plotting the points (x,y) on a rectangular co-ordinetsystem as shown in fig.1. The regression line of y on x is given by y=45.70-0.44xi andx on y is given byx=-15.37+0.92y.The two east Squer lines intersect at point x`, y`, which it is theposition of central place.The local influence range is given from formulaand the over local influence range is obtained from second formula . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Assessment effect of structure and texture characteristics of rock units in Alvand pluton on the outcrop resistance against destruction and weathering
Hossein Bakhtiari Ebrahim Moghimi Mohammadreza ServatiThe Alvand plutonic mass is one of the largest plutonic bodies in the Sanandaj – Sirjanmetamorphic belt. This paper evaluates outcrop relative resistance of rock units againstdestruction and weathering based on intact rock texture and structure properties with usi MoreThe Alvand plutonic mass is one of the largest plutonic bodies in the Sanandaj – Sirjanmetamorphic belt. This paper evaluates outcrop relative resistance of rock units againstdestruction and weathering based on intact rock texture and structure properties with using thenumerical value. For this purpose at first the some properties of texture and structure as thecriteria were chosen and indexed. Then relative resistance outcrop of rock unites based onnumerical value from 1 to 10 was assessed, and the zoning map was provided. AccordinglyPegmatitic granite has minimum resistence with 3.75 and Olivine gabbro has maximumreasistence with 5.75. Weighted average degree of Alvand pluton was specified 5.1 whichreflects the moderate resistance degree outcrops against destruction and weathering in terms ofstructure and texture characteristics between internal igneous rocks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The relationship between the “urban spatial structure and permeability” and the rate of social safety according to citizen’s opinions and on the basis of CPTED model (Case study: Karaj)
روزبه Khelghatdoost افسانه Zamanimoghadam سیده تناز ShamsabadiIntroduction and purpose of research: This research was performed with the total purpose of improving social safety in cities by using the design of the urban spatial structure and permeability which is one of the main components of urban designing. Specific goal of thi MoreIntroduction and purpose of research: This research was performed with the total purpose of improving social safety in cities by using the design of the urban spatial structure and permeability which is one of the main components of urban designing. Specific goal of this research was determining the relationship between the "urban spatial structure and permeability" and the rate of the social safety. For this purpose, it is hypothesized that there is a relationship between this component and the rate of social safety. Method of research: Statistical population of this research are the residences of ten municipality regions of Karaj and the population size is 1732275 on the basis of the population and housing census which was held by Iran Statistics Center in 2006. The sampling method was stratified random sampling and the minimum size of the sample was 384 samples on the basis of the Krejcie-Morgan table. Eventually, data was collected by using library and field study methods, and was processed and analyzed by using SPSS statistical analysis software and the relationships between these data were tested. Findings: The results of the research show that there is a strong relationship between the indictors of “urban spatial structure and permeability” and social safety. Furthermore, improvement of the indictors of “urban spatial structure and permeability” results in the decrease of the fields of criminal actions in the society and consequently, increase of the rate social safety. Conclusion: Because the hypotheses of the research were verified, it seems that we can decrease the fields of criminal actions in the society and increase the rate of social safety by improving and re-designing the indictors of “urban spatial structure and permeability”. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Modifying empirical equations of seepage estimation using dimensional analysis (Boldaji earth canal, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province)
Ehsan Tavakoli بهزاد قربانی مهدی رادفر حسین صمدی بروجنی بیژن قهرمانThe high amounts of losses from irrigation canals have resulted in lining the conveyance canals being as an important measure in order to increase water conveyance efficiency. The economical justification of earthen canals lining requires investigating the amount of see MoreThe high amounts of losses from irrigation canals have resulted in lining the conveyance canals being as an important measure in order to increase water conveyance efficiency. The economical justification of earthen canals lining requires investigating the amount of seepage and infiltration in such canals. In this study, using a physical model and dimensional analysis, the water seepage loss from Boldaji earthen canal, Borujen city, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, with loamy soil, was determined in the range of 40 to 100 liters per second flow rates. The empirical equations such as Moritz, Ingham, Molesworth and Yennidumia, Offengenden, Davis-Wilson and Indian equations were chosen for seepage estimation. Results showed that before modifying the coefficients of equations, the results of the modified Ingham have the highest correlation coefficient (0.917) with measured values. Independent variables of this method are water depth, canal length and wetted perimeter. Allocating the highest value of R2 (> 0.90) besides the lowest value of RMSE (< 3.2 liters) in comparison with measured values, after the calibration of the empirical equations for the study region and modifying their coefficients, the modified Moritz and Ingham selected as the best methods. All equations estimated the seepage loss much smaller than the measured values, which was rectified after modifying the coefficients. Utilizing dimensional analysis and transferring canal conditions to laboratory was resulted in lowering costs and less time, that according to acceptable and similar to previous studies results, it could be suggested to apply in controlled conditions of laboratory for other regions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Verification of Water Infiltration in the Soil in the Flood Occurrence Model Using SCS Probability Distribution Equations and HEC-HMS Model
Sohrab Alizadeh Alireza Zamani Nouri Babak AminnejadBackground and Aim: One of the biggest challenges of the rainfall-runoff model is to accurately determine the rate of water infiltration into the soil as one of the parameters that determine the size and shape of the hydrographs of historical floods. The studies conduct MoreBackground and Aim: One of the biggest challenges of the rainfall-runoff model is to accurately determine the rate of water infiltration into the soil as one of the parameters that determine the size and shape of the hydrographs of historical floods. The studies conducted in different climates that show different morphometry of the earth indicate the weakness of widely used methods such as SCS-CN in determining the rate of water infiltration into the soil. For the SCS-CN method, as the soil storage index approaches infinity, the soil moisture ratio approaches 1, and this is due to the limitation of the SCS-CN method. In this research, focusing on this weakness in the basic relationships of loss calculations, and an integrated approach in determining the infiltration of water into the soil, the magnitude of the historical floods in the watershed was analyzed. The importance of this analysis can be in verifying the magnitude of floods, which is the criterion for determining structures or crisis control programs.Method: Considering that in order to solve the problem of infiltration calculations at the basin scale, and based on the new equations to determine flow losses, a homogeneous but raster criterion is needed, in this research, based on the sensitivity of the produced flow to the amount of losses in the probabilistic investigation of the index humidity and flow ratio, a depth-infiltration model was prepared from the two-dimensional comprehensive model in the range. In this study, based on the new relationships of losses determination, numerical calculations were done in the software and script environment sequentially and based on the outputs of the hydrological model. First, the HEC-HMS rainfall-runoff model structure was generated with Arc Hydro and HEC_GeoHMS extensions in Shadegan catchment. Then, infiltration parameters were determined by SMA method in the analysis of remote sensing images from the basin. In the next stage, the development of the primary continuous model, calibration and validation was done focusing on soil moisture information. After determining the soil moisture relationship based on the results of the soil wetting model, the artificial unit occurrence hydrograph was determined by determining the flood volume based on the SCS-CN and VIC combined method. Results: The general results of the implementation of the hydraulic model of the flood plain showed that the maximum inflow was equal to 3023 cubic meters per second at the 90th hour of the event, and the maximum outflow flood was at the 93rd hour with a figure of 2137 cubic meters per second. The discharge value is assumed to be 0 at the beginning of the calculations. The flow volume at the end of the calculations was equal to 141.03 million cubic meters, which is the remaining volume of 918.36 million cubic meters in the whole event. The difference between the inlet and outlet discharge was calculated as a deficiency of about 6.14%. Also, the layer of flow depth changes shows that the water level in the plain is trying to be at a possible and reasonable level by filling the lower points. So that a large part of the volume of water from the southern strip of the borders of Trava for the active area of modeling will eventually flow into the sea. However, the direction of water movement has even been estimated to be perpendicular to the direct path towards the sea in some cases. These results indicate a maximum depth of 16.4 units in some areas, with a minimum depth of 5.3 units. The important point is that in the plains, according to the cell size, definitely in some cases much lower depths can be calculated. The average depth in active cells is 11.9 meter calculated locally. These figures can change according to different rainfall events.Conclusions: The results showed that it is possible to verify the infiltration based on the new base distribution equations with a probabilistic condition in the estimation of the basin shape parameter. The amount of hydrograph calibration in response to water infiltration in soil is dependent on the correct estimation of initial soil moisture. Flow losses in large-scale watersheds are obtained more suitably based on SCS-based distribution equations. Numerical and hydrological models such as HEC-HMS or modelers such as HEC_GeoHMS are completely dependent on the DEM raw layer introduced for the purpose of upstream demarcation. Changes in land cover in flat areas can actually produce a closed border of the watershed compared to the reality of the land in different simulation models. According to the basic assumptions such as calibration coefficients, the single hydrograph method can be a good substitute for areas without rainfall-runoff statistics. The TUFLOW software model gave the best response to one-dimensional to two-dimensional flow for Shadgan plain according to the type of boundary conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - The Effect of Thickness and Number of Permeable Obstacles on Density Current Control and Trapping
Alireza Jahangir Kazem Esmaili Mahmoud Faghfour MaghrebiUnderstanding and studying the river flooding, which in most cases is density current, can help to reduce adverse effects of sedimentation. To this end, the creation of obstacles in the bed of stream will be effective. In this paper, the effect of thickness (dimension) MoreUnderstanding and studying the river flooding, which in most cases is density current, can help to reduce adverse effects of sedimentation. To this end, the creation of obstacles in the bed of stream will be effective. In this paper, the effect of thickness (dimension) and the second layer of permeable obstacles on the control and trapping of density current is investigated experimentally. For this purpose, two types of groove and cavity obstacles with grooves and cavity diameters equal to 3 mm and made of plaque glass were used. Density currents were created by adding an insoluble, suspended polymer of expanded polystyrene with a mean diameter of 1.15 mm and a density of 1.155 g / l. The experiments utilized two different concentrations (10 and 20%), five different porosities, four different angles, four different thicknesses and two barrier layers. The results showed that the density current process with 10% porosity of the groove obstacle increased with increasing thickness. The second layer of obstacles have increased the material passage through both groove and cavity obstacles. This increase was recorded in the groove type of 1.96 and the cavity type of 2.34. Investigations showed that the optimal distance of the second obstacle from the first was 2.25 meters. According to the results, under similar conditions, cavity obstacles always perform better than groove ones. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Inversely estimation of hydraulic parameters and functions of unsaturated soil using disk infiltrometer experiment data
Mohammad Nakhaei Vahab Amiri Meysam VadiatiAnalysis the flow in unsaturated soil is very complicated and is dependent on two nonlinear functions K(h) and θ(h) which are the nonlinear functions of soil hydraulic behavior. There are various methods for estimation of soil hydraulic parameters which using the MoreAnalysis the flow in unsaturated soil is very complicated and is dependent on two nonlinear functions K(h) and θ(h) which are the nonlinear functions of soil hydraulic behavior. There are various methods for estimation of soil hydraulic parameters which using the infiltration test is one of them. In this study, the collected data from disk infiltrometer experiment (pressure head and cumulative water infiltration) used for estimation and optimization of soil hydraulic parameters by applying HYDRUS-2D software. The estimations done by inverse solution and Van Genuchten-Mualem model used for hydrodynamic assessing of soil sample. In addition, it is assumed that there is no hysteresis in soil sample and porous media is completely homogenous and isotropic. The silt loom soil sample with 20.7 cm in length and diameter equal to 20.7 cm selected for this experiment. The recorded data in 150 hours used as experimental observations in inverse solution of problem and the soil hydraulic functions estimated. Model ran in two discrete part, using pressure head and cumulative infiltration respectively, and results were compared. Results show that using the pressure head in depth 4 cm cannot lead to precise estimation of soil hydraulic parameters. Using the cumulative infiltration show the successiveness of this part of experiment in inversely estimation of parameters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Determination of the Effective Moisture Diffusivity Coefficient and Mathematical Modeling of Balangu Seed Gum Drying with Infrared
Navid Godini Ashraf Gohari Ardabili Fakhreddin SalehiIntroduction: Today, drying of agricultural products is a developed method that removes part of the moisture leads to physicochemical stability of the product, also, produces different products with new qualitative properties and different nutritional and economical val MoreIntroduction: Today, drying of agricultural products is a developed method that removes part of the moisture leads to physicochemical stability of the product, also, produces different products with new qualitative properties and different nutritional and economical value. Moisture diffusivity coefficient is the most crucial property in drying calculations. Materials and Methods: In this study, drying kinetics modeling of Balangu seed gum in an infrared dryer was investigated. The effect of samples distance from the radiation lamp in three levels of 5, 7.5 and 10 cm and the effect of gum height in the container in three levels of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 cm on the mass transfer rate and effective moisture diffusivity coefficient during the dry process of Balangu seed gum was investigated. Standard models (Wang and Singh, Henderson and Pabis, Approximation of diffusion, Page, Modified Page, Newton, Midilli, and Logarithmic) were fitted to experimental data to study the drying kinetics and was analyzed. Results: The results showed that samples distance from the radiation lamp and samples thickness had significant effect on the mass transfer rate during drying of gum. By increasing samples distance from the heat source from 5 to 7.5 cm and from 7.5 to 10 cm, the drying time of Balangu seed gum increased by 21.49% and 15.20%, respectively. The effect of sample distance from infrared heat lamp and sample thickness on changes in effective moisture diffusivity coefficient of Balangu seed gum was investigated and results showed that this coefficient values were increased with decreasing in distance and increasing samples thickness. By reducing sample distance from the lamp from 10 to 5 cm, it was observed that the effective moisture diffusivity coefficient increased from 4.82×10-9 m2s-1 to 7.05×10-9 m2s-1. Conclusion: In drying process modeling of Balangu seed gum, the Page model with the highest coefficient of determination and the lowest error, had closer results to the experimental data than the other models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Mass Transfer Kinetics of Combined Infrared-Hot Air Drying of Pumpkin
S. H. Hosseini Ghaboos S. M. Seyedain Ardabili M. Kashaninejad G. H. Assadi M. AlamiIntroduction: Pumpkin is a good source of carotene, water-soluble vitamins and amino acids. Pumpkin can be processed into flour which has a longer shelf-life. Pumpkin flour is used because of its highly-desirable flavour, sweetness and deep yellow orange –red colo MoreIntroduction: Pumpkin is a good source of carotene, water-soluble vitamins and amino acids. Pumpkin can be processed into flour which has a longer shelf-life. Pumpkin flour is used because of its highly-desirable flavour, sweetness and deep yellow orange –red colour. In this study, kinetic modeling of pumpkin drying in an infrared-hot air dryer was investigated. Materials and Methods: The effect of radiation lamp power at three levels of 204, 238 and 272W, hot air temperature at three levels of 55, 65 and 75 °C and samples thickness at two levels of 0.5 and 0.7 cm on time and drying kinetics and moisture diffusion coefficient during drying of pumpkin in a completely randomized design were evaluated. Results: The effect of radiation power and hot air temperature on the drying process of pumpkin is significant. Increase in infrared lamp power from 204 to 272 W and increase in hot air temperature from 55 to75°C reduced pumpkin drying time 15.05 and 37.43 %, respectively. Effective diffusivity coefficient of pumpkin moisture was between 9.2×10-10 to 3.3×10-9 m2/s. Conclusion: 272 W power, 75 °C temperature and 0.5 cm thickness were the best condition for drying of pumpkin. The effects of infrared heat power and hot air temperature on effective diffusivity coefficient changes were investigated and it was found that the effective diffusivity coefficient increased by increasing heat source power and air temperature. In modeling of pumpkin drying process, Newton model is a better match with the experimental results as compared to other models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - سینتیک کاهش رطوبت خرمالو در طی فرآیند خشک کردن ترکیبی هوای داغ- مادون قرمز
F. Salehi M. Kashani Nejad P. Siah Mansori E. MoradiIntroduction: Investigation of the mass transfer kinetics and moisture diffusivity coefficients can be useful tools for optimal control of the drying process condition and increasing the product quality. Materials and Methods: In this study, kinetic modeling of persimmo MoreIntroduction: Investigation of the mass transfer kinetics and moisture diffusivity coefficients can be useful tools for optimal control of the drying process condition and increasing the product quality. Materials and Methods: In this study, kinetic modeling of persimmon drying in a combined hot air- infrared dryer was investigated. The effect of hot air temperature at three levels of 55, 65 and 75 °C and radiation lamp power at three levels of 150, 250 and 375 W on time and drying rate, and moisture diffusion coefficients during drying process of persimmon were evaluated. Results: By increasing the temperature of drying from 55 to 75 °C, 36 % of the drying time was reduced and by increasing the power of infrared lamp from 150 to 375 W the time of drying of persimmon was reduced by 68.4%. The effect of infrared heat power and hot air temperature on effective diffusivity coefficient of persimmon was investigated and the results showed that the effective diffusivity coefficient was increased by increasing the heat source power. Effective diffusivity coefficient of persimmon moisture was between 1.8×10-9 to 1.3×10-8 m2/s. Conclusion: The results indicated that the effect of hot air temperature and radiation lamp power on the drying process of persimmon is significant. In modeling of persimmon drying process, the logarithmic model is a better match with the experimental results as compared to the other models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Mathematical Modeling and Otimization of Drying Kinetic of Quince (Cydonia olonga) Fruit Slices
Morteza Mohamadi Zahra pour Falah Monire Nahardani Seyed Mohamad MeshkaniIntroduction: Drying is one of the oldest methods for preservation of agricultural products and it is aimed and tried to effectively increase the drying rate by heat and humidity transfer. Materials and Methods: In this study, drying process for quince fruit slices with MoreIntroduction: Drying is one of the oldest methods for preservation of agricultural products and it is aimed and tried to effectively increase the drying rate by heat and humidity transfer. Materials and Methods: In this study, drying process for quince fruit slices with 3, 5 and 7 mm thickness at 60–80°C to reach a maximum of diffusion effects (Deff) and decrease drying time using response surface methodology have been optimised. Results: The results showed that Midli model had minimum amounts of RMSE, MRPD and W2 and a maximum of R2. Optimization of drying process indicated that the application of 71°C for 7mm thickness had the most diffusion effect with least drying time. Conclusion: Hot air drying method removes the moisture from the fruit and generally is suitable for drying quince fruit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Characterization of Dried Kiwi by Infrared Systems and Process Modeling
E. Aidani M. H. Haddad Khodaparast M. KashaninejadIntroduction: Modeling might be considered as a relationship between different variablesduring drying of food products and mass transfer kinetics and moisture diffusivity coefficientscan be used as useful tools for the optimal control of the process conditions that impr MoreIntroduction: Modeling might be considered as a relationship between different variablesduring drying of food products and mass transfer kinetics and moisture diffusivity coefficientscan be used as useful tools for the optimal control of the process conditions that improve thequality of the final dried product. Kiwi fruit has favorable taste and aroma and has a highnutritional value. The aim of this research work is to investigate the effect of radiation on thecharacterization of Kiwi fruit.Materials and Methods: In this study the effect of radiation lamp power at three levels of200, 250 and 300 W, at 5, 10 and 15 cm distance from sample surface on mass transferkinetics, moisture diffusion coefficients, density, color change, texture and rehydration of theKiwi were investigated.Results: The results showed that the lamp power and the distance from the sample surfacehave significant effect on moisture loss kinetics and drying time. By increasing the infraredlamp power, the weight loss is increased (61.01 %) and by increasing the infrared lamp powerfrom 200 to 300 W, the effective diffusivity coefficient has been increased from 6.25×10-10m2/s to 13.8×10-10 m2/s. The color of the samples were analyzed by image processingtechnique and the average color changes (ΔE) for 200, 250 and 300 W were 14.02, 19.09 and21.66, respectively. The average density and rehydration for dried samples were 743kg/m3and 229.18 %, respectively.Conclusion: The effect of infrared power on effective diffusivity coefficient of Kiwi wasinvestigated and found that the effective diffusivity coefficient is increased by increasing thesource of heat. The hardness of dried kiwi slices through infrared dryer was in the range of9.55-11.08 N. In the Kiwi drying process modeling as compared with other models, Pagemodel had the best match with the experimental results. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Investigation of Thin Layer-Drying Kinetics of Strawberry Using Infrared Radiation
F. Salehi Introduction: One of the new techniques in the drying of food is the application of infrared radiation that increases the drying rate, enhanced the final product quality, and decreases the costs of the process. Materials and Methods: In this study, drying kinet More Introduction: One of the new techniques in the drying of food is the application of infrared radiation that increases the drying rate, enhanced the final product quality, and decreases the costs of the process. Materials and Methods: In this study, drying kinetic modeling of strawberry in an infrared dryer was investigated. The effect of radiation lamp power (150, 250 and 375 W) and distance of the lamp from the sample (5, 7.5 and 10 cm), on drying time, and moisture diffusion coefficients during the drying process of strawberry were evaluated. For measuring the weight of the samples during experimentation without taking them out of the dryer, the tray with samples was suspended on the digital balance. Standard models (Wang and Singh, Henderson and Pabis, Approximation of diffusion, Page, Modified Page –II, Newton, Midilli and Logarithmic) were fitted to experimental data to study the drying kinetics and fitting quality (coefficient of determination and standard error) of them was analyzed. Results: By increasing infrared lamp power from 150 to 375 W, the drying time of strawberry is reduced by 79.8%. Decreasing the distance of the lamp from a sample from 10 to 5 cm, 40.1 % of drying time is reduced. The effective diffusivity coefficient was increased by increasing heat source power and decreasing distance. Moisture effective diffusivity coefficient of strawberry was between 1.54×10-9 to 13.83×10-9 m2/s. Conclusion: The effect of radiation lamp power and distance on the drying process of strawberry is significant. Modeling of strawberry drying process showed that all the models led to proper results, but in total, the Page model, compared to other studied models, with the biggest coefficient of determination (R2=0.999) and the smallest error (<0.011), had closer results to the experimental data. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Landfill Leaching-Contaminated Groundwater Remediation by Permeable Reactive Barrier
Mohammad Beheshtian Ardakani Taghi EbadiBackground and Objective: Collection and treatment of landfill leaching is one of the most important challenges in the operation of municipal solid waste landfills. Since the most parts of Iran, due to the arid and semi-arid climate, are faced with the limited water res MoreBackground and Objective: Collection and treatment of landfill leaching is one of the most important challenges in the operation of municipal solid waste landfills. Since the most parts of Iran, due to the arid and semi-arid climate, are faced with the limited water resources, the study of landfill leaching-contaminated groundwater remediation is also very important. In recent decades, extensive work has been done regarding the development and implementation of permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) but application of this method needs more investigations for landfill leaching-contaminated groundwater remediation. For this purpose, the groundwater remediation method by permeable reactive barriers was investigated in this paper. In addition, the granular activated carbon and natural zeolite were studied as a common media for the removal of organic pollutants in water. Method: For the experiment, leaching-contaminated water with a COD of 690, 1910 and 3100 (mg/l) was passed from the experimental model of permeable reactive barrier, filled with washed sand, granular activated carbon and natural zeolite, and COD removal rate was calculated in each condition. Findings: The highest COD removal was obtained by granular activated carbon and the best performance was in the 690 (mg/l) concentration pollutants. Also, significant differences were not observed in the rate of COD removal efficiency by zeolite compare to sand. Discussion and Conclusions: Therefore, in order to optimize the use of reactive media, the system must be arranged with layers of zeolite and activated carbon respectively and in a suitable distance from pollution source so that removal of pollutants by the soil can be used in addition to the proper removal of pollutants by each layer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Designing Joint Investment Fund to increase the capacity of the insurance reinsurance
Saeed Soleimani Mahdi Sadeghi Shahedani Mohammad FetanatMany accidents occur every year around the world cause material and human losses. The amount of insured losses resulting from these incidents make damage inflicted on the insurance company. in some cases, the insurance company are faced with the threat of bankruptcy. In MoreMany accidents occur every year around the world cause material and human losses. The amount of insured losses resulting from these incidents make damage inflicted on the insurance company. in some cases, the insurance company are faced with the threat of bankruptcy. Insurance companies use reinsurance to approach to the crisis traditionally. But it should be noted that the reinsurance companies have limited storage capacity and concentration risk. so, one of the effective tools to solve this problem is a direct relationship between the insurance industry and the capital market as a concept called "risk securitization". This is known as debt securities insurance. However, an additional problem in our country is international sanctions that cause limitation. In this case the cost of such reinsurance increases. Thus, according to studies and evaluated that were collected and analyzed by using the Delphi technique ideas theme "insurance investing investment fund reinsurance in order to increase capacity" was proposed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - تاثیر تناسبات هندسی بر عملکرد نور و نسبتهای برگرفته از طبیعت در خانههای تاریخی (نمونه موردی: خانههای اردبیل)
مهسا جوادی نوده آزاده شاهچراغی علیرضا عندلیببهر­ه­گیری از تناسبات برگرفته از طبیعت در معماری سنتی به عتوان اصلی جاری در تعامل محیط انسان ساخت با محیط طبیعی است. لذا که ارتباط ذاتی با طبیعت می­تواند به شباهتهای صوری ختم شود. این پژوهش به شناسایی میزان سازگاری تناسبات هندسی رایج در خانه­های تاریخی ب Moreبهر­ه­گیری از تناسبات برگرفته از طبیعت در معماری سنتی به عتوان اصلی جاری در تعامل محیط انسان ساخت با محیط طبیعی است. لذا که ارتباط ذاتی با طبیعت می­تواند به شباهتهای صوری ختم شود. این پژوهش به شناسایی میزان سازگاری تناسبات هندسی رایج در خانه­های تاریخی با عملکرد نور طبیعی بستر و نسبتهای طبیعی می­پردازد تا، رایج­ترین حالت جانمایی منطبق بر طبیعت را شناسایی نماید. براین اساس تعداد 28 اتاق شاه­نشین از 21 خانه تاریخی در اردبیل انتخاب می­گردد. با برداشت میدانی و استدلال منطقی داده­ها و روش هاى محاسباتى، تحلیل عددی داده­ها صورت می­گیرد. بدین ترتیب که با استفاده از نمودار فراوانی و ضریب تغییرات میانگین، توزیع نرمال تناسبات واقع بر شاه­نشین مشخص می­شود. سپس براساس محاسبات عددی میزان سازش این تناسبات هندسی و مشخصات نورگیرها با محدوده نفوذ نور طبیعی محاسبه می­شود. نتایج براساس رایج­ترین جانمایی­ها نشان می­دهد که محیط طبیعی و محیط انسان ساخت در معماری سنتی همساز و در تعامل با یکدیگراند. به نحوی که 95 درصد از تناسبات رایج در خانه­های تاریخی اردبیل از نسبتهای حسابی و تعداد زیادی از تناسبات طلایی پیروی می­کنند. که بالاترین هم­پوشانی را با فراوانی میزان توزیع و محدوده نفوذ نور طبیعی دارند. علاوه بر این محدوده بی­خطی آسمان از فضای داخلی نشان می­دهد که در تمامی نمونه­ها، طبیعت در حوزه بصری قرار دارند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - The Concept of Policy Profile Ratio (PPR) in Determining Stakeholders’ Attitudes to Changing Agriculture and Natural Resources Practices
fatemeh kateb Abazar EsmaliOuri Raoof Mostafazadeh Mearaj Sharari Zeinab HezbawiBackground and Objective: It is difficult to formulate a comprehensive plan for the development of agriculture, natural resources, and watershed management to identify all the needs and issues of different stakeholders, separately. To this end, using of policy profile a MoreBackground and Objective: It is difficult to formulate a comprehensive plan for the development of agriculture, natural resources, and watershed management to identify all the needs and issues of different stakeholders, separately. To this end, using of policy profile as a valuable tool in the watershed planning process could be helpful to identify relevant social issues, collect essential information about them, and ultimately summarize and applied these data in the agricultural and natural resources management program. Material and Methodology: The current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of method and applied research in terms of purpose. Findings: In this paper, the concept of policy profile ratio (PPR) in determining the stakeholder attitudes regarding the changing agricultural and natural resources measures, has been introduced and elaborated. In addition, a comprehensive and necessary information on the individuals, groups and organizations role on the decision making of government agencies has been provided for managers to use of stakeholder participation in decision making and implementation processes. In this approach, firstly an issue or problem and then different stakeholders of the project are identified and based on the questionnaire information; the stakeholder’s attitude will be assigned through determining their position, importance and power. Hence, the values of policy profile ratio will be computed. The values of calculated index will allow to assess the role of each practitioner or stakeholder in the problem solving or deciding on it. Discussion and Conclusion: The introduced approach can be applied to identify the strengths and weaknesses of decision-making and to take various actions to solve the problem or adopt a new approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - ارزیابی پایداری روستاهای حوزه نفوذ شهرهای میانه اندام بااستفاده از روش AHP مطالعه موردی : شهر سقز
بختیار خسروی اسماعیل صفرعلی زاده هیمن طاعتی -
Open Access Article
30 - عوامل موثر در تحقق پذیری حیات شبانه در برنامه ریزی توسعه پایدار شهری از منظر مخاطبان تهران و حوزه نفوذ
علیرضا صادقی بخش علیرضا استعلاجی رحیم سرور -
Open Access Article
31 - نقش سرمایه اجتماعی در توسعه کالبدی سکونتگاههای روستایی مورد مطالعه سکونتگاههای روستایی شهرستان گرمسار
جواد عسگری علیرضا استعلاجی -
Open Access Article
32 - تحلیل برهم کنش روستاشهری به منظور تعیین حوزه نفوذ ایلام
عظیم علی شائی احمدعلی خرم بخت عبدالرسول قنبری -
Open Access Article
33 - تاثیر شاخص های توسعه اجتماعی بر ساختار خانواده با تکیه بر رویکرد جامعه شناختی بعد از انقلاب اسلامی ایران
غلامرضا فرهمند کوشک قاضی مجیدرضا کریمی کرامت اله راسخ -
Open Access Article
34 - Design of Anomaly Based Intrusion Detection System Using Support Vector Machine and Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm in IoT
Sepehr Sharifi Soulmaz GheisariComputer networks play an important and practical role in communication and data exchange, and they also share resources with complete ease. Today, various types of computer networks have emerged, one of which is the Internet of Things. In the Internet of Things, networ MoreComputer networks play an important and practical role in communication and data exchange, and they also share resources with complete ease. Today, various types of computer networks have emerged, one of which is the Internet of Things. In the Internet of Things, network nodes can be smart objects, and in this sense, this network has many nodes and there is a lot of traffic in this network. Like any computer network, it faces its own challenges and problems, one of which is the issue of network intrusion and disruption. This dissertation focuses on detecting anomaly-based intrusion into the Internet of Things using data mining. In this study, after collecting and preparing data, the improved support vector machine with grasshopper optimization algorithm is used as a proposed method to detect anomaly-based intrusion in the Internet of Things. The bagging and k-nearest neighbor classifiers and Basic SVM are compared based on error types and standard performance criteria. The simulation results show 97.2% accuracy in the proposed method and better performance compared to other methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Distributed Denial of Service Attacks Detection in Internet of Things Using the Majority Voting Approach
Habibollah Mazarei Marziye Dadvar MohammadHadi AtabakzadehWith the ever-increasing number of Internet of Things devices, their security is becoming a very worrying issue. Weak security measures enable attackers to attack IoT devices. One of these attacks is the distributed denial of service(DDOS) attack. Therefore, the existen MoreWith the ever-increasing number of Internet of Things devices, their security is becoming a very worrying issue. Weak security measures enable attackers to attack IoT devices. One of these attacks is the distributed denial of service(DDOS) attack. Therefore, the existence of intrusion detection systems in the Internet of Things is of special importance. In this research, the majority voting group approach, which is a subset of machine learning, has been used to detect and predict attacks. The motivation for using this method is to achieve better detection accuracy and a very low false positive rate by combining several machine learning classification algorithms in heterogeneous Internet of Things networks. In this research, the new and improved CICDDOS2019 dataset has been used to evaluate the proposed method. The simulation results show that by applying the majority voting Ensemble method on five attacks from this data set, this method respectively has achieved accuracy of detection 99.9668%, 99.9670%, 100%, 99.9686% and 99.9674% in identifying DNS, NETBIOS, LDAP, UDP and SNMP attacks which better and more stable performance in detecting and predicting attacks have achieved than the basic models . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - improving intrusion detection systems by feature reducing based on genetics algorithm and data mining techniques
Mehdi Keshavarzi hossein MomenzadehThe network-based computer systems play critical role in our modern society; so there is highly chance these systems might be target of intrusion and attacks. In order to implement full-scale security in a computer network, firewalls and other intrusion prevention mecha MoreThe network-based computer systems play critical role in our modern society; so there is highly chance these systems might be target of intrusion and attacks. In order to implement full-scale security in a computer network, firewalls and other intrusion prevention mechanisms aren’t always enough and needs other systems called intrusion detection systems. An Intrusion detection system can be set of tools, algorithms and evidence that help to identify, locate and report illegal or not approved activities by the network. Intrusion detection systems can be established by software or hardware systems and each have their own advantages and disadvantages. Because of various characteristics of intrusion detection data, in this research we select effective characteristics using improved genetic algorithm. Then by means of standard data mining techniques, we present a model for data classification.For performance evaluation of this suggested method, we used NSL-KDD database that has more realistic records than other intrusion detection data. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Presenting A Hybrid Method of Deep Neural Networks to Prevent Intrusion in Computer Networks
Mohsen Roknaldini Erfaneh NorooziIntroduction: Nowadays, computer networks have significant impacts on our daily lives, leading to cybersecurity becoming a crucial area of research. Cybersecurity techniques mainly encompass antivirus software, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems. Intrusion dete MoreIntroduction: Nowadays, computer networks have significant impacts on our daily lives, leading to cybersecurity becoming a crucial area of research. Cybersecurity techniques mainly encompass antivirus software, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems. Intrusion detection system is one of the fundamental security tools in the field of computer networks and systems. The primary goal of an intrusion detection system is to identify and alert about any unauthorized activities, threats, or attacks on a system or network. By analyzing the flow of data and network/system events, the intrusion detection system attempts to identify patterns and indicators related to various attacks and intrusions. Intrusion detection systems can operate based on rules or learning. In the rule-based approach, algorithms and rules created by security experts and analysts are used to detect patterns and identify attacks. However, in the machine learning approach, machine learning algorithms and deep neural networks are employed to extract patterns and features related to attacks from real data. Method: This study focuses on the examination and presentation of a combined approach using deep neural networks to prevent intrusions in computer networks. The primary objective of this research is to enhance the efficiency of intrusion detection systems. To achieve this goal, a combined approach of deep learning and artificial neural networks is proposed. This approach utilizes deep neural networks to detect more complex features and improves the model's performance. Results: Simulation results demonstrate that deep neural network methods such as MLP, CNN, LSTM, and GRU yield favorable outcomes compared to other single-layer machine learning techniques. In this study, two combined methods, CNN-GRU and CNN-LSTM, were introduced and tested on the KDD CUP'99 dataset for comprehensive analysis and evaluation. Both combined approaches exhibit high accuracy and lower classification errors compared to other introduced methods. Therefore, it can be concluded that the CNN-LSTM combined approach performs well on the KDD CUP'99 dataset. Discussion: Based on the achieved results, the combined CNN-LSTM and CNN-GRU methods offer very good performance with accuracies of 99.95% and 99.92%, respectively, on the KDD CUP'99 dataset. Among these methods, minor differences in the performance of some parameters for classes may exist, yet both approaches remain acceptable. Hence, it can be concluded that the combined CNN-LSTM approach performs well on the KDD CUP'99 dataset. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Providing a Solution Based on Fuzzy Logic to Reduce False Positive Alarms in The Intrusion Detection System
Mohammad AkhlaghpourIntroduction: The intrusion detection system is responsible for identifying and detecting unauthorized external use of the system that is misused or damaged by internal users. Therefore, the intrusion detection system is created in the form of software and hardware, eac MoreIntroduction: The intrusion detection system is responsible for identifying and detecting unauthorized external use of the system that is misused or damaged by internal users. Therefore, the intrusion detection system is created in the form of software and hardware, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. The speed and accuracy of the hardware system and the failure of their security by intruders are other features of such systems. If the software related to intrusion detection, acceptability, and the difference between different operating systems are used, they give more generality to the software systems. More suitable software systems are chosen.Method: The behavior of the intrusion detection system is discussed in opposition to various intrusion methods, and in order to deal with intrusion into the system and computer networks, several methods have been created under the name of intrusion detection, which monitors the events that have occurred in a system and into computer networks.Results: the performance of the intrusion detection system is presented in order to influence the behavior of the abuse detection system as well as anomaly detection using fuzzy logic based on an alpha device. The obtained results showed the accuracy rate up to 91.26% and the detection of false alarms up to 90.96%.Discussion: An Intrusion detection system is essential as the first line of defense for the network. Many algorithms depend on the quality of the data set provided for intrusion detection. Of course, in recent developments in knowledge data collection access systems, there has been an increase in interest in data-driven approaches to curb the increase in control system cyber-attacks related to false alarms. Most machine learning-based intrusion detection systems rely on web applications/operating systems or network layers to detect targeted attacks by host or network. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of sufficient research in the evaluation and collection of intrusion detection system datasets for false alarm behaviors, which requires further studies in this field. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - A new Approach to Detecting Intrusion and Malicious Behaviors in Big Data
Homa Movahednejad Mohsen Porshaban Ehsan Yazdani.Chamzini Elahe Hemati Ashani Mahdi SharifiToday, maintaining information security and intrusion detection is very important to deal with malicious behaviors in massive data. In this article, a hybrid method for detecting malicious data is presented wherein three factors of time progress, history of users and sc MoreToday, maintaining information security and intrusion detection is very important to deal with malicious behaviors in massive data. In this article, a hybrid method for detecting malicious data is presented wherein three factors of time progress, history of users and scalability are taken into account. The proposed method utilizes storage and feature extraction techniques to increase the speed and reduce the amount of calculations. In addition, the support vector machine algorithm has been modified for classification, and the parallelized bacterial foraging optimization algorithm has been used for feature extraction. The results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing methods in terms of detection rate by 21%, false positive rate by 62%, accuracy by 15% and execution time by 70%. The reduction in execution time indicates that less energy is needed to run the algorithm which results in saving energy and can be beneficial for use in green energy systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - مروری بر سیستمهای تشخیص نفوذ از دیدگاه ساختار و روشهای بهبود کارایی در آنها
شهرزاد رحیمی مسعود نیازی سیدعابد حسینی -
Open Access Article
41 - مقایسه روشهای یک نقطهای و دو نقطهای در برآورد پارامترهای نفوذ در آبیاری جویچهای
جواد جعفری فرشید تاران رضا دلیر حسن نیا امیر حسین ناظمینفوذ یکی از مهم­ترین پارامترهای هیدرولیکی مؤثر در آبیاری سطحی و از مشکل­ترین پارامترهای قابل تعیین در مزرعه می­باشد. معادلات نفوذ در تشریح هیدرولیک جریان و طراحی سیستم­های آبیاری سطحی به کار می­روند. اما تعیین پارامترهای این معادلات مستلزم وقت و هزین Moreنفوذ یکی از مهم­ترین پارامترهای هیدرولیکی مؤثر در آبیاری سطحی و از مشکل­ترین پارامترهای قابل تعیین در مزرعه می­باشد. معادلات نفوذ در تشریح هیدرولیک جریان و طراحی سیستم­های آبیاری سطحی به کار می­روند. اما تعیین پارامترهای این معادلات مستلزم وقت و هزینه زیادی است و به این منظور معمولاً از روش­های تخمین این پارامترها استفاده می­شود. در این مطالعه برای به دست آوردن پارامترهای معادله نفوذ از سه روش ورودی-خروجی به عنوان مبنا و روش­های یک نقطه­ای شپارد و همکاران و دو نقطه­ای الیوت و واکر استفاده شد و دقت دو روش یک نقطه­ای شپارد و همکاران و دو نقطه ای الیوت و واکر در تخمین حجم آب نفوذ یافته ارزیابی گردید. به این منظور از داده­های مربوط به دو مزرعه­C1201 و E201 کشت و صنعت هفت تپه با سیستم آبیاری جویچه­ای و در شرایط مختلف مزرعه­ای با طول و دبی­های ورودی متفاوت استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که روش دو نقطه­ای الیوت و واکر در تخمین نفوذ تجمعی با خطای نسبی 08/8 درصد برای مزرعه C1201 و خطای نسبی 85/12 درصد برای مزرعه E201 دارای دقت بیشتری نسبت به روش یک نقطه­ای شپارد و همکاران بود. همچنین این روش در تعیین مرحله پیشروی با خطای نسبی 03/4 درصد برای مزرعه C1201 و 41/6 درصد برای مزرعه E201 دارای بیشترین دقت بود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Artificial Neural Networks Models for Rate of Penetration Prediction in Rock Drilling
Naser Ebadati‎ Mehrab ‎ AziziBased on field data, there are various methods to reduce the cost of drilling wells. One of these methods is to optimize the drilling parameters to obtain the maximum rate of penetration (ROP). Many parameters affect ROP. The main purpose of this research is the use of MoreBased on field data, there are various methods to reduce the cost of drilling wells. One of these methods is to optimize the drilling parameters to obtain the maximum rate of penetration (ROP). Many parameters affect ROP. The main purpose of this research is the use of smart networks for the penetration rate of drilling, for this purpose, well input data including drilling depth, duration of the drilling operation, speed of rotation of the drill, weight on the drill, weight and volume of drilling mud as input data. And the drilling penetration rate was prepared as output data from one of the fields located in the Persian Gulf. 70% of data is allocated for network training, 15% of data for validation and 15% of data for sensitivity analysis. According to the obtained results, it was found that using this tool, a good relationship with the total regression coefficient (0.96) is obtained for predicting the penetration rate using a neural network. Also, by repeating the calculations in repetition 12, the best value was obtained, which is equal to 14.24. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Artificial Neural Networks Models for Rate of Penetration Prediction in Rock Drilling
naser ebadati Ronak Parvaneh Mehrab AziziBased on field data, there are various methods to reduce the cost of drilling wells. One of these methods is to optimize the drilling parameters to obtain the maximum rate of penetration (ROP). Many parameters affect ROP. The main purpose of this research is the use of MoreBased on field data, there are various methods to reduce the cost of drilling wells. One of these methods is to optimize the drilling parameters to obtain the maximum rate of penetration (ROP). Many parameters affect ROP. The main purpose of this research is the use of smart networks for the penetration rate of drilling, for this purpose, well input data including drilling depth, duration of the drilling operation, speed of rotation of the drill, weight on the drill, weight and volume of drilling mud as input data. And the drilling penetration rate was prepared as output data from one of the fields located in the Persian Gulf. 70% of data is allocated for network training, 15% of data for validation and 15% of data for sensitivity analysis. According to the obtained results, it was found that using this tool, a good relationship with the total regression coefficient (0.96) is obtained for predicting the penetration rate using a neural network. Also, by repeating the calculations in repetition 12, the best value was obtained, which is equal to 14.24 Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Geochemistry, Geodynamic Setting and Petrological processes of Diorite to Gabbro Igneous Rocks in the Natanz Intrusive Complex
Razieh MohammadiThe Natanz intrusive complex (NIC) is located in the West of Natanz city and in the Orumieh -Dokhtar magmatic belt. Natanz complex is composed of two types of mafic igneous rocks, including gabbro and diorite. The gabbroic unit was cut by granitoid rocks, so gabbro is t MoreThe Natanz intrusive complex (NIC) is located in the West of Natanz city and in the Orumieh -Dokhtar magmatic belt. Natanz complex is composed of two types of mafic igneous rocks, including gabbro and diorite. The gabbroic unit was cut by granitoid rocks, so gabbro is the oldest igneous rock units in the area. The geological study of the intrusion of diorite to gabbro igneous rocks has been done by petrology and geochemical studies.The intrusive rocks of the area all belong to a common magma, which has been subdivided in its magma chamber after the first replacement. The distribution and pattern of the rare earth elements (REE) are the same and these igneous rocks are enriched in LREE. The similarity of the REE patterns in these rocks, is an evidence that they have common origin. According geochemical and geodynamical studies on diorite to gabbroic rocks in the area, these igneous rocks show sub alkaline, calk alkaline and meta aluminous to per aluminous natures. Because amount of H2O and evaluated pressure, the crystallization liquid phase had 950 – 1000 °C for intermediate intrusive rocks in Natanz complex. This is because of more calcium content. The behavior of major and trace elements especial in silicate minerals suggested that fractional crystallization of magma was the main role in the magmatic evolution of these rocks. The position of incompatible elements is more in harmony with subduction. The high amount of plagioclasein gabbros show that crystallization of magma happened in high pressure. The petrological evidences indicate that the igneous rocks were formed in volcanic arc environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Study of geochemistry, tectonomagmatic environment and petrography of the Astaneh granitoid body (South-West of Arak)
Abbas AsgariAstaneh granitoid body with middle cretaceous age is located in south west of Arak and Sanandaj - Sirjanstructural zone. This body is composed quartz diorite, granodiorite, tonalite and monzo granite dikes andintruded into regional metamorphic rocks (S.S.B). Correlated MoreAstaneh granitoid body with middle cretaceous age is located in south west of Arak and Sanandaj - Sirjanstructural zone. This body is composed quartz diorite, granodiorite, tonalite and monzo granite dikes andintruded into regional metamorphic rocks (S.S.B). Correlated enrichment in LILEs compare to HFSEs and highYbLa,( 5)YbThreveal volcanic arc granites and existence enclave (Andalusite) and ratio of0 710448687( )I .SrSrshow high crustal contamination the partial of mantle wedge, subducted oceanic crust bylower continental crust, according probably this magmatism related to volcanic arc environment and is the resultof the subduction of Neo-Tethys oceanic plate below the Iranian continental crust. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Petrography, Geochemistry and Tectonomagmatic Setting of the intrusive bodies of Jasb area
R. Mohammadi ناصر EbadatiThe Jasb area is located about 100 Km of South of Qom in Urmiyeh-Dokhtar magmatic belt. Thescattered plutonic rocks belong to Eocene-Oligocene and Miocene. The plutonic rocks’ typeVariations are granite, quartzmonzonite, tonalite-granodiorite ,quartzmicrodiorite, MoreThe Jasb area is located about 100 Km of South of Qom in Urmiyeh-Dokhtar magmatic belt. Thescattered plutonic rocks belong to Eocene-Oligocene and Miocene. The plutonic rocks’ typeVariations are granite, quartzmonzonite, tonalite-granodiorite ,quartzmicrodiorite, and gabbrodiorite.The petrographic studies revealed that the textures of plutonic rocks are mainly granular andsometimes graphic or porphyritic. The magmatic series of intrusive rocks except gabbrodiorite types(toleitic) are calk alkaline and metaaluminums. Probably, the small massive granite rocks in theinvestigation area are I - type granite. The Rocks in this area compositionally belong to the tectonicalregime of the VAG and SynCOLG. Considering change in abundance of minerals such as pyroxene,magnetite, amphibole, biotite, plagioclase and feldspar in the intrusive rocks, hence, it is indicative ofsuccessive process of differentiation in intermediate magma, and ultimately creating variation inlithology. According to the analysis results, the geochemical diagrams were drawn and interpreted.Defining the lithology of intrusives, the tectonomagmatic condition, magmatic series, and geochemicalvariations are the results of geochemical and petrologic studies of intrusives in the area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Analytical models presented for the Penetration of metallic targets
mohammad farahmand khodadad vahedi alireza nadaf rouholah hoseiniThis paper investigates the analytical models presented for projectile ‎penetration in metallic sheets (such ass thin , thick and semi infinite targets) . It has been ‎attempted to present reference models in this field and after that , the analytical ‎works MoreThis paper investigates the analytical models presented for projectile ‎penetration in metallic sheets (such ass thin , thick and semi infinite targets) . It has been ‎attempted to present reference models in this field and after that , the analytical ‎works by domestic and foreign researchers presented. This article can use as a ‎reference for readers interested in analytical studies ( analytical models ) on the penetration of metal ‎targets . And become familiar with various theories presented by researchers‎.‎ Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Numerical, Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Penetration Depth of a rigid blunt projectile on the steel targets
mohammad farahmand khodadad vahedi alireza Naddaf Oskouei&rlm; &rlm; rouholah hoseiniIn this paper, the experimental, numerical, and analytical investigation ‎of a blunt rigid projectile to the steel targets is discussed, Therefore, in ‎the first part, the experimental tests are carried out to find the depth of ‎penetration and the projectil MoreIn this paper, the experimental, numerical, and analytical investigation ‎of a blunt rigid projectile to the steel targets is discussed, Therefore, in ‎the first part, the experimental tests are carried out to find the depth of ‎penetration and the projectiles are cylindrical in diameter 10 mm and 20 ‎mm in length with AISI 52100 and steel plates with dimensions of 120 × ‎‎100×10 are selected from AISI 1045. In the second part, the numerical ‎simulation of the impact model in the Abacus software is carried out ‎and the accuracy of the numerical model is verified with 8% error rate ‎of the numerical solution with the experimental results. In the third ‎section, presents an‏ ‏analytical model derived‏ ‏from the Chen analytical‏ ‏model and obtain the depth of projectile penetration. Finally, a ‎comparison between experimental, numerical and analytical results is ‎performed, the results obtained in three solutions (experimental, ‎Numerical and analytical) have acceptable agreement.‎ Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - برآورد رواناب شهری و پهنه بندی آن با استفاده از تحلیل های فضایی در شهر بندرعباس
کامیار آذریان -
Open Access Article
50 - The Effect of Organizational Influence Skills on Decision Making Strategies in Mazandaran Province Educational Organization in order to provide a model
ali Dehghan Chachkami farshid zameni mohamad salehiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of organizational influence skills on decision-making strategies in Mazandaran Province Educational Organization in order to provide a model. This research is applied in terms of applied and survey approach. The st MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of organizational influence skills on decision-making strategies in Mazandaran Province Educational Organization in order to provide a model. This research is applied in terms of applied and survey approach. The statistical population consisted of directors and deputies of education departments and managers of high schools in Mazandaran province in 1397 with official decrees and their number is 1412. Using Morgan table and cluster sampling method On the basis of the position, 306 people were selected as the sample size. Their statistics are divided into 58 managers, 58 deputies and 132 high school administrators. The data collection method was a standard library and standard questionnaire. In order to calculate the reliability through Cronbach's alpha coefficient (organizational influence equal 0.76 and for decision-making strategies equal to 0.87), the reliability of the research was confirmed. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data using Excel, Spss and Amos software. The results showed that using exploratory factor analysis, three main dimensions of organizational penetration skills including networking ability, interpersonal influence, social consciousness, and two main dimensions of decision making, rationality and emotionality were identified. Also, the dimensions of organizational influence skills on decision making strategies have a significant effect, and an important part of decision making strategies in Mazandaran province's education organization is related to the dimensions of organizational penetration skills. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - National identification during Reza Shah Era: styles and Methods
Amin Deilami MoezziOne of the special functioning rotes of the first pahlavi’s government as a modern absolute one was to ascertain the national the identity of people . But Reza Shah managed the social modern ascertainment in such a way that his other priorities suchas MoreOne of the special functioning rotes of the first pahlavi’s government as a modern absolute one was to ascertain the national the identity of people . But Reza Shah managed the social modern ascertainment in such a way that his other priorities suchas government appointment and his situation not to be in opposition . This project was carried on by means of a series of tools and methods. Of such instruments one con point out as the following : centrism through suppressing the autonomous forces (tribes and clans, and independence seeking provinces), country name changing, that is to say from Persia to Iran’, Arabic Turkish month name changing to Persian , and so changing lunar year to solarone, intellect training organization , high council of culture and radio, and mass media . education, four preparations , modern Justice system, and propagandizing was use of the methods, as well, which were , from his point of view, necessary in getting to modern Iran. In fact, in governing the country, he interfered the subjects’ lives and so he carried on his project of socializing the people , and resolved it as one of necessary materials of the modern government Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Study of kinetic and changes in the diffusion coefficient of the release of doxorubicin-Chrysin drugs coated with magnetic nanoparticles and polycaprolactone-polyethylene glycol copolymers
Sahar Jahangiri Leila Amirkhani Abolfazl Akbarzadeh Reza HajimohammadiIn recent years, the development of nanoparticles in the field of drug release has received much attention. This research aims to develop new methods for the physical modification of Fe3O4 superparamagnetic nanoparticles with polymers through physical retention. In this MoreIn recent years, the development of nanoparticles in the field of drug release has received much attention. This research aims to develop new methods for the physical modification of Fe3O4 superparamagnetic nanoparticles with polymers through physical retention. In this study, after synthesizing the biodegradable polycaprolactone-polyethylene glycol magnetic copolymer, the anticancer drugs doxorubicin and Chrysin in these polymers were encapsulated by dual emulsion (w / o / w). The effect of temperature and pH on drug release was investigated. After performing kinetic studies, the diffusion coefficient of drug release was also studied. The drug distribution was considered uniform and the system was assumed to be in Cartesian coordinates. The results showed that the diffusion coefficient of drug release followed Fick's law. At first, due to the high concentration difference of drugs in the early times, the diffusion coefficient was higher, but then with time and with decreasing the concentration difference, the diffusion coefficient decreased and remained constant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Jurisprudence Study of Transferor Lawful Possession in Mortgaged Asset
mohsen safari samad yousefzadehThe possession of transferor in mortgaged asset is one of the discursive issues in jurisprudence Imamieh , civil law , and judicial precedents . There are different opinions presented by the jurists in this regard, each of which MoreThe possession of transferor in mortgaged asset is one of the discursive issues in jurisprudence Imamieh , civil law , and judicial precedents . There are different opinions presented by the jurists in this regard, each of which has got many pros and cons. Chattered mortgage is the patent possession of transferor of the mortgaged asset. There are three theories of validity, lack of influence and invalidity which are presented in this article regarding to this issue. It is attempted in this article to extract the theory which is consistent with the subject entity and the truth of the case, with consideration the judicially and legally, so that the problem of the diversity of judicial verdicts could be solved. Based on the above discussion, it is attempted to shed light on this issue that if the mortgager sells the mortgage's property to third party after the fulfillment of the security agreement, what will happen to the contract of sale? Is that correct, non-affective or null? In this survey it is reasoned using legal texts that the law legislator in the matter on hand has followed the theory of nullity of transfer in regard to the mortgage property. This theory is exactly to explain the jurists' views. However It should be mentioned that the consequence of the nullity goes only to the mortgagee not to the parties of a contraction. Finally, the agreement between the buyer and the seller will have full effect by removing the legal impediment (The subsidiary security interest of the mortgage) from the mortgaged asset. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Causes of Relative Nullity in French and Iranian Law and Evaluating its Possibility in Jurisprudence
Mohammad Taghi karimpoor Alehashem Mohammd Taghi Alavi Mohammad Mazhari Nasser MasoudiDuring long times, conditional sentence of "relative breach" in Iran's law has been subjected of lawyers arguments. Some lawyers deny existence of this executive guarantee in Iran's law, also a group of them not only have accepted it, but also, in distinguishing its exa MoreDuring long times, conditional sentence of "relative breach" in Iran's law has been subjected of lawyers arguments. Some lawyers deny existence of this executive guarantee in Iran's law, also a group of them not only have accepted it, but also, in distinguishing its examples, have dealt generously. Some of them have chosen conservative solution and believed that theorizing in this case is not correct and written text in scattered laws are sufficient. Other authors, due to lack of this enforcement guarantee in Imamieh jurisprudence that Iran's law is based on it, suggested the term “capability of branch “instead of " relative breach. However, in the present study, we decided to investigate the causes of relative breach in law texts of both countries of Iran and France by deductive logic and then to investigative the feasibility of procedure in Imamieh jurisprudence. The present work confirms the possibility of this idea that in this case, theorizing in civil law of Iran has been valued and has been eligible of innovation and also has determined the internal realm of relative breach in law of Iran and France. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - The Effects of Authoritative vs. Facilitative Interventions on EFL Learnersʼ Willingness to Communicate
Mohammad Ali Yaghchi Nasser Ghafoori Nesa NabifarThe present study sought to investigate the effects of employing the intervention provision framework put forward by John Heron, entitled Six-Category Intervention Analysis, on EFL learners' willingness to communicate. This model of intervention provision, having its ge MoreThe present study sought to investigate the effects of employing the intervention provision framework put forward by John Heron, entitled Six-Category Intervention Analysis, on EFL learners' willingness to communicate. This model of intervention provision, having its genesis in clinical supervision, can regulate the verbal behavior and actual sentences used by teachers to intervene in language learning contexts. The Preliminary English Test (PET) as an English language proficiency test was administered to 60 participants. Based on the results obtained, 36 participants were selected and assigned to two groups of 18. The first group was authoritative intervention group in which the teacher suggested what had to be done, provided information, or confronted the learners. The second group was facilitative intervention, in which the teacher drew out ideas, solutions, or self-confidence. The participants in both groups completed Willingness to Communicate questionnaire before and after the treatment, as well as in the follow-up period. The findings indicated that the application of Six-Category Intervention Analysis brought about significant changes in the performance of the facilitative group that outperformed the authoritative intervention group.This research could carry some important implications for all stakeholders in the realm of foreign language teaching Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - The Codification Strategy of productivity surveillance in small and medium industries with interpretive structural modelling
Reza Esmaelpour Mohammad Takhire Maryam OjagzadehNowdays, a great number of organizations with small and medium dimensions are active in the industry that manufactures oil company’s parts and has significant effects on financial growth and job creation in national arena. According to full-competitive atmosphere result MoreNowdays, a great number of organizations with small and medium dimensions are active in the industry that manufactures oil company’s parts and has significant effects on financial growth and job creation in national arena. According to full-competitive atmosphere resulting from the number of these companies and lack of production process complexity of these parts in mass production, these organizations, in order to countinue their life in full-competitive atmosphere of mentioned industry, requires gaining desirable conditions and acceration of their production efficiency, because presence of different rivals, being production-oriented and copious problems of production process, will subject them to damages. It seems a practical model to deal with these obstacles. In this paper for identifying the influential indexes on efficiency of manufacturing required parts in oil industry and presenting an applied model for reaching a desired level of it, four small and medium organizations, with peronnel less than 150 employees, were studied, and subsequently for increasing the production’s efficiency, 16 indexes were identified and surveyed in 5 dimensions. Relations between these indexes are identified based on Interpretative Structural Model and a novel model was edited and represented systematically. The result indicated the importance of obtaining striking certification and standards related to the industry and their periodic monitoring, in the secondary step will be to educate key personnel and improve raw materials used to produce more. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Developing a Local Model of Organizational Agility in Knowledge based Firms: Applying the Interpretive Structural Modeling Approach
Mehrdad Madhoshi javad haditabarThe most important advantage of competitive global businesses is now considered to be quick responsiveness in meeting the diverse needs of customers. Therefore, many experts in Management consider agility as the key to the success of organizations in the dynamic and unp MoreThe most important advantage of competitive global businesses is now considered to be quick responsiveness in meeting the diverse needs of customers. Therefore, many experts in Management consider agility as the key to the success of organizations in the dynamic and unpredictable era. Numerous definitions of agility have been proposed through close scrutiny of various factors. In this study, we aimed to identify major agility-related factors based on a comprehensive theoretical and empirical literature review. Having integrated the opinions of experts and local agents based on the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) technique, we scrutinized the extent of the driving and dependence power of these factors in knowledge-based companies that are rapidly gaining ground. The results obtained from the analysis of nineteen identified major agility-related factors showed that structural flexibility of organizations and data analysis are the most penetrating drivers and environmental accountability and the capacity to modify business goals are the most dependent factors Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Modeling with Mathematical Models the DEA for the Estimated of Penetration Rate and Access to Municipal Services (Case study: Socio-cultural services in Ardebil city)
farhad barandakGreat value the justice in the society of the perspective of the Quran to the extent that Justice as a basic principle raised and God gives orders its. The main cause of the crisis of human societies is injustice. Injustice concept of spatial planning, challenges the Ce MoreGreat value the justice in the society of the perspective of the Quran to the extent that Justice as a basic principle raised and God gives orders its. The main cause of the crisis of human societies is injustice. Injustice concept of spatial planning, challenges the Centralization theory. Also, this concept in urban land-use planning, is one component of sustainable urban development. In this descriptive and analytical study, using DEA-TOPSIS/GIS, Paid to evaluate the efficiency of the urban core of Ardebil in terms of penetration and operating radius of the city's service centers; Faced with dimensions of spatial - population of cells. This method uses two virtual ideal and anti-ideal DMU and measures the efficiency of each DMU according to virtual ones, putting this results in a relative neighborhood index we are able to rank DMU's. The results of the study showed that; is efficient 6 urban core with a total area of about 1,000 hectares in middle of the city. On the other, the index at rest areas (especially at edges of the city) is reflect the Lack of influence of the (same) municipal services to these areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Investigating the Impact of Legal and Scientific Indicators of Space Segmentation on Promotion of County to Province from the Perspective of People, Officials and Experts (Case Study of Kashan and Surroundings)
Mohamad Rahemi Hojat Mahkouii Ahmad Khademolhoseiny Ali ShamsoddiniDynamics, change and evolution are the characteristics of the geographic space. In this context, one of the fundamental strategies for managing geographic space can be to divide space into smaller spaces. The topic of space division is presented in the form of a system MoreDynamics, change and evolution are the characteristics of the geographic space. In this context, one of the fundamental strategies for managing geographic space can be to divide space into smaller spaces. The topic of space division is presented in the form of a system of division of the state. In general, the main purpose of this process is to provide the foundation for geographical geography and environmental justice in geographic space. Hence, from the point of view of applied political geography, a balanced division of the country into the administrative and political divisions seems to be necessary. In our country, given the nature of the rule of law and the requirements of the natural and human environment, many of these divisions have undergone and changed. In the framework of the above approach, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of formal, legal and scientific components in promoting the city of Kashan and the surrounding area to the level of a province. The methodology of the study was based on the field method by designing and analyzing the questionnaire. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Comparison of the Efficiency of Some Soil Infiltration Models Based on the Data Obtained from Double Rings in Different Land Uses (Case Study: Mikhsaz Watershed) (Case Study: Mikhsaz Watershed)
Raziyeh Kojouri mohammad reza javadiThe process of water infiltration into the soil plays a very important role in the water cycle in nature. The importance of this phenomenon has led many researchers to focus their studies in this regard. So that, they can estimate it by providing a suitable model. Since MoreThe process of water infiltration into the soil plays a very important role in the water cycle in nature. The importance of this phenomenon has led many researchers to focus their studies in this regard. So that, they can estimate it by providing a suitable model. Since, conducting infiltration studies in the field is costly and requires a lot of times, therefore, different models are used to estimate the amount of infiltration, and each of these models shows a good fit with experimental data in certain conditions. In the present research, At first, infiltration was measured using the method of double rings in forest, Rangeland and agricultural, land uses. Then, the data of infiltration values obtained from Kostiakov, Horton, Green-Ampt, American soil conservation service(SCS) and Phillip models were evaluated using Nash-Sutcliff adequacy index, explanation index and average error criterion in order to determine the most suitable infiltration estimation model. The results showed that in agricultural land use; American soil conservation service(SCS) model (with average R2=0.890, ME=1.8 and NSE=0.805), in rangeland use; American soil conservation service(SCS) model (with an average of R2=0.927, ME=0.837 and NSE=0.936) and in forest land use, the Philip model (with an average of R2=0.991, ME=0.946 and NSE =0.893) were introduced as the most suitable model in determining the estimation of Infiltration values. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Nonlinear Relationship between Per Capita Income and Insurance Penetration
esmaeil safarzadeh hoda jafariIn this paper, nonlinear relationship between insurance penetration and per-capita income will be studied. For this purpose, the researchers specified S-shaped Curve as two-factor logistic growth functions and estimated its parameters by MLE method using panel data of 7 MoreIn this paper, nonlinear relationship between insurance penetration and per-capita income will be studied. For this purpose, the researchers specified S-shaped Curve as two-factor logistic growth functions and estimated its parameters by MLE method using panel data of 70 countries during 2000-2011. The results of estimation indicate that there is a level of per-capita income approximately 18697 for life, 7492 for non-life insurance and 10392 for total industry in which the income elasticity of the demand for insurance reaches to the maximum, 1.63, 1.38 and 1.42 respectively. Also, the maximum and minimum of life, non-life and total industry penetrations will be 4.54, 2.9 and 7.44, and 0.75, 1.02 and 1.83 respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Improved Intrusion Detection System Based On Distributed Self-Adaptive Genetic Algorithm to Solve Support Vector Machine in Form of Multi Kernel Learning with Auto Encoder
Elaheh Faghihnia Seyed Reza Kamel Tabakh Farizni Maryam KheirabadiIntrusion into systems through network infrastructure and the Internet is one of the security challenges facing the world of information and communication technology and can lead to the destruction of systems and access to data and information. In this paper, a support MoreIntrusion into systems through network infrastructure and the Internet is one of the security challenges facing the world of information and communication technology and can lead to the destruction of systems and access to data and information. In this paper, a support vector machine model with weighted and parameters of SVM kernels are presented to detect the intrusion. Due to the high complexity of this problem, conventional optimization methods are not able to solve it. Therefore, we propose a Distributed Self Adaptive Genetic Algorithm (DSAGA). On the other hand, due to the high volume of data in such issues, Auto encoder has been used to reduce data. The proposed approach is a hybrid method based on Auto encoder, improved Support Vector Machine and Distributed Self Adaptive Genetic Algorithm (DSAGA) that it is evaluated by its execution on DARPA data set. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Combined Intrusion Detection System to deal with Cyber- Attacks in Industrial Control Systems with a Dedicated Network
Mohammad Safari Elham Parvinnia Alireza Keshavarz HaddadMost control systems use a dedicated communication network with specific protocols. Intrusion detection systems developed based on network traffic with standard protocols, or existing datasets can not detect significant threats on these control systems. New sophisticate MoreMost control systems use a dedicated communication network with specific protocols. Intrusion detection systems developed based on network traffic with standard protocols, or existing datasets can not detect significant threats on these control systems. New sophisticated malicious codes usually attacked these systems by sending known and understandable commands to the control systems and ultimately sabotaging the physical process. These attacks do not alter network traffic, so they are not detectable with standard network-based intrusion detection systems. In this paper, we proposed an innovative combined method for identifying different types of attacks on control systems with a dedicated network. We have provided a combination of methods for detecting semantic or stealth attacks and identifying attacks that affect the traffic of the control system network. For the first time in practice, the effect of common types of attacks on a control system with a specific network has been investigated, and the rules for detecting these attacks have been obtained. Experimental results in this study show that the extracted rules identify 100% of the already known attacks. The proposed new approach, based on identifying the control system commands from the extracted network records, also thoroughly detects semantic attacks. The process data behavioral method used in this study can detect about 99% of semantic attacks using classification algorithms base on Data set which is created in this study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Presenting a New Approach for Detecting Attacks on Voice over Internet Protocol Based on Ensemble Clustering
Farid Bavifard Mohammad Kheyrandish Mohammad MoslehDue to lower cost and greater flexibility, voice over internet protocol (VoIP) is widely used in telecommunications. A variety of VoIP terminals causes them to be vulnerable. A common way to secure VoIP includes intrusion detection based on machine learning. Due to the MoreDue to lower cost and greater flexibility, voice over internet protocol (VoIP) is widely used in telecommunications. A variety of VoIP terminals causes them to be vulnerable. A common way to secure VoIP includes intrusion detection based on machine learning. Due to the diversity of traffics and lack of class labels for training Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) in many situations, clustering approaches (unsupervised learning) have been focused on. But individual cluster systems can't cover the diversities of feature values well, and some traffic samples may be identified as outliers. As an ensemble approach, the proposed model for solving these problems focuses on using TwoStep clustering algorithm, and by improving it, tries to improve the clustering-based intrusion detection. Moreover, regarding the importance of the feature selection process, a combination of Simulated Annealing algorithm (SA) and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) has been exploited for identifying superior features used for clustering VoIP packets, as Normal or involving DoS, R2L, U2R either Probe attacks. Based on evaluation results obtained on the dataset “Network Security Lab-Knwledge Discovery in Databases” (NSL-KDD) by MATLAB, the proposed feature selection reduced the training and testing times, averagely by 77% and 80%, respectively, by reducing the features to 10 and 8. Also, compared to previous works, the proposed IDS shows average improvements in Accuracy, Detection rate, and F-Measure at 3.34 %, 14.17 %, and 32.87 %, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - بهینه سازی تولید کف شیر موز و بررسی سینتیک انتقال جرم نمونه بهینه در طی فرایند خشک کردن با هوای داغ
فاطمه پورحاجی فریده طباطبایی سید علی مرتضوی محبت محبی مصطفی مظاهری -
Open Access Article
66 - مدلسازی سینتیک خشک شدن هلو با استفاده از خشککن فروسرخ
Fakhreddin Salehi اشرف گوهری اردبیلی -
Open Access Article
67 - مدلسازی سینتیک خشک کردن گلبرگ زعفران با استفاده از روشهای مختلف خشک کردن بستر سیال و نیمه سیال
موسی الرضا هوشمند دلیر حمید توکلی پور حسین چاجی احمد کلباسی اشتری پروین شرایعی -
Open Access Article
68 - اثر پوشش خوراکی نشاسته همراه با عصاره زنجبیل بر کیفیت میگوی تازه در طول دوره نگهداری
یگانه اویسی تکتم مستقیم علیرضا رحمن -
Open Access Article
69 - .
مهدی ژیانپور علیرضا نیلی احمدآبادی زهرا ناجی اصفهانی -
Open Access Article
70 - .
مهرداد محمدیان Darya Goharmotahar -
Open Access Article
71 - ارزیابی پایداری روستاهای حوزه نفوذ شهرهای میانه اندام بااستفاده از روش AHP مطالعه موردی : شهر سقز
بختیار خسروی اسماعیل صفرعلی زاده هیمن طاعتی -
Open Access Article
72 - عوامل موثر در تحقق پذیری حیات شبانه در برنامه ریزی توسعه پایدار شهری از منظر مخاطبان تهران و حوزه نفوذ
علیرضا صادقی بخش علیرضا استعلاجی رحیم سرور -
Open Access Article
73 - نقش سرمایه اجتماعی در توسعه کالبدی سکونتگاههای روستایی مورد مطالعه سکونتگاههای روستایی شهرستان گرمسار
جواد عسگری علیرضا استعلاجی -
Open Access Article
74 - تحلیل برهم کنش روستاشهری به منظور تعیین حوزه نفوذ ایلام
عظیم علی شائی احمدعلی خرم بخت عبدالرسول قنبری -
Open Access Article
75 - The effect of Fire of Wheat Residues and Sawdust on Soil Water Repellency
Atefeh Mohammadzadeh Kamran MohsenifarCrop residue burning has been proved to have negative impacts on regional atmospheric environment, soil organic material, reduce soil fertility for long term and soil and water pollution. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Burning the wheat MoreCrop residue burning has been proved to have negative impacts on regional atmospheric environment, soil organic material, reduce soil fertility for long term and soil and water pollution. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Burning the wheat residue and sawdust on the water repellency of soil. For this purpose, sampling was done of soil surface (0-15 cm) in the east of Ahvaz city in four treatments: sawdust, burned sawdust, wheat residue and burned wheat residue, with 3 replications in ratio of 5, 10 and 25 presents by weight. for measure soil water repellency, was used water drop penetration time (WDPT) method. Analysis of obtained data and mean comparisons were done with using SPSS software and drawing charts with Excel. The results showed that the average water drop penetration time into the soil was 116.33 seconds, the soil was placed in the strongly water repellent class. With the addition sawdust and wheat residues to the soil, were decreased the amount of water penetration into the soil. So that the (WDPT) time from 116.33 in blank treatment decreased to 62.67 and 47.67 second (respectively) in the 25% treatment. The water repellency class was changed from strongly to slightly water repellent. But burned sawdust and burned wheat residues were increased the amount of water penetration into the soil, so that the (WDPT) from 116.33 in blank treatment increased to 923 and 1008.33 second (respectively) in the 25% treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Effect of Acid Precipitations on Formed Soils Infiltration in Gachsaran formation
hamzah saeediyanEach soil mass is composed of solid grains with different sizes and empty spaces that allow empty spaces to be moved to water from a high-energy point to a lower-energy point, which creates the permeability of the soil. In this study, in order to determine the most impo MoreEach soil mass is composed of solid grains with different sizes and empty spaces that allow empty spaces to be moved to water from a high-energy point to a lower-energy point, which creates the permeability of the soil. In this study, in order to determine the most important factors affecting soil permeability, compared to acidic rainfall in the slope main aspects of Gachsaran formation, a part of the gypsum mountain basin of Izeh City with an area of 1202 hectares was selected. This study, In order to determine the relationship between the infiltration rate by rainfall simulator with some soil physical and chemical properties such as percentage of gravel, clay, silt, sand, acidity, electrical conductivity, moisture, calcium carbonate, and organic matter and sodium were performed in different slopes of Gachsaran formation. The most important factors influencing the penetration rate were identified by multivariate regression. The regression models showed that generally, in all slope main aspects in Gachsaran formation in rainfall with distilled water, the chemical characteristics of the most important role in increasing and decreasing the permeability and in precipitation with the acidity 5, the chemical characteristics of the soil are the most important role in increasing and decreasing the level of permeability, but with increasing the concentration of acidity to 4, the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil have an equal role in increasing and decreasing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - An Analysis of the Functional Role of Small Cities in Having Sustainability Dimensions Domain of Influence Cities (Case study: Spake and Benet in Nikshahr city)
mohammad karim raesi Masuomeh Hafez Rezazadeh Maryam Karimian Bostanithe purpose of the present study is to An Analysis of the Functional Role of Small Cities in Having Sustainability Dimensions Domain of Influence Cities (Case study: Spake and Benet in Nikshahr city). The dominant approach is the qualitative and quantitative research sp Morethe purpose of the present study is to An Analysis of the Functional Role of Small Cities in Having Sustainability Dimensions Domain of Influence Cities (Case study: Spake and Benet in Nikshahr city). The dominant approach is the qualitative and quantitative research space and the type of applied research. The results of Friedman test to investigate the impact of Nikshahr city on sustainability dimensions in the Cities of influence (Benet and Spake) showed, the physical and social dimension has the highest score (in Benet) and the environmental dimension has the lowest score in both cities. The results of the study of the impact of Nikshahr city on four dimensions in Benet and Spake cities using binomial test showed that the status of economic, social, physical and environmental dimensions are not the same in both Benet and Spake cities. To analyze the relationship between development dimensions, path analysis test was used, The results show a significant and direct relationship between developmental dimension. Finally, one-sample t-test was used to investigate the effect of factors and forces on reinforcement of small town of Nikshahr in order to enhance regional development. The results showed that the four components studied with a significant level of less than 0.05, are effective in strengthening the city of Nikshahr in order to strengthen the development of the affected areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - اعتبار سنجی نتایج آزمایش نفوذ استاندارد در تعیین شاخص های طراحی (مطالعه موردی، مجتمع پزشکی-تجاری استقلال کرمان)
علی ارومیه ای شکیبا مریخی -
Open Access Article
79 - بررسی مشکلات زمین شناسی در زون گسله پورکان-وردیج و نحوه برهم کنش آن با ماشین TBM(مطالعه موردی تونل انتقال آب کرج-تهران)
محسن غلامی محمدرضا جاری رسول اجل لوییان -
Open Access Article
80 - پیش بینی نرخ نفوذ ماشین حفر تونل تمام مقطع با استفاده از ترکیب شبکه های عصبی مصنوعی و روش مونت کارلو
سید مصلح افتخاری محمد مختاریان علیرضا باغبانان -
Open Access Article
81 - Comparison of the impact of business environment on the development indicators of the banking industry In developing and developed countries
marjan damankeshidehThe business and investment climate is a political, institutional, and behavioral environment that affects returns and risks associated with economic activities and investments. The results of model estimation in this group of countries show that with increasing oil res MoreThe business and investment climate is a political, institutional, and behavioral environment that affects returns and risks associated with economic activities and investments. The results of model estimation in this group of countries show that with increasing oil resources and revenues, due to the strong dependence of these countries on oil revenues, government revenues and bank liquidity also increase, and given that most of these countries are dependent on consumption. They have a strong demand for imports, so with the increase of oil revenues, the total demand in the economy of these countries increases, and due to the lack of productive power and lack of attention to business and entrepreneurship, with increasing demand by consumers of goods and services, the level General prices (inflation) also increase.Given the importance of business environment and its impact on the financial sector in the economy, this article examines the business environment on the development of the banking industry in two categories of "newly industrialized (NICs) and OECD selected countries" and "OPEC and BRICS countries. (BRICs) "has been compared. The estimation results for the three groups of OECD selected countries, BRICs selected countries and NICs selected countries are close to each other. PEN) and the Banking Focus Index (PEN) improve. But for selected OPEC countries, the results are different. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - بررسی اعمال نفوذ ناروا و اثر آن بر معاملات در حقوق انگلستان و مقایسه آن با حقوق ایران
حیدر حسن زاده -
Open Access Article
83 - اثر تورم بر بیمههای عمر و راهکارهای خنثی سازی آن
هوشنگ مومنی وصالیان علیرضا دقیقی اصلی ابتسام آل احمدی -
Open Access Article
84 - An Examination of Electronic Commerce Effects on non- oil Export in Iran
Farhad Dezhpasand Maryam KaramiNowadays Information and Communication Technology has been a major issue in economic, social and cultural development in different countries. Advent of Internet and its application in recent years have changed traditional means of trade. Introducing the new technology, MoreNowadays Information and Communication Technology has been a major issue in economic, social and cultural development in different countries. Advent of Internet and its application in recent years have changed traditional means of trade. Introducing the new technology, Internet, in economies have been developed a modern trade mode: Electronic Business (E-commerce or EC). EC made a revolution in traditional means of trade and caused enormous saving in time and costs. In an electronic environment local and time related distances lose meaning and trade is done on electronic information basis. EC as a presentation of communication and information technology revolution in economic realm, is tended to progress and we can expect to witness a evolution in framework of trade and retail sale operations as a whole. In international trade on of the areas we can see cross-country relations, is the flow of export and import of goods and services which EC could have been pave the ways of world trade and made it prosperous. Here we have examined effects of EB on non-oil exports in two groups of countries. The first group includes US, Canada, France, Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, China, Denmark and India. The second one encompasses Iran, Turkey, Pakistan, Spain, Italy, Greece and Poland. The study has reviewed period 0222- 0222 and resulted in a significant positive effect of internet as an index of EC on non-oil exports in each group of countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - اهمیت بررسی و مطالعه شهر و روستا در توسعه پایدار مناطق جغرافیایی کشور
علی اصغر رضوانی -
Open Access Article
86 - بررسی تغییرات ارزشها و رابطهی آن با شکاف نسلها مطالعه موردی شهرهای استان مازندران
manochehr pahlavan -
Open Access Article
87 - Jurisprudential and Legal Perspective on the Transactions Violating the Condition of Legal Omission of Act
Hossein Jafari Samet Mahshid Sadat Tabaei Javad Niknejad,Proviso is one of applied topics and it is very common in our society. As one of its types, negative condition is divided into two groups of material and legal. Regarding a legal negative condition, a person who is responsible to perform a condition undertakes contractu MoreProviso is one of applied topics and it is very common in our society. As one of its types, negative condition is divided into two groups of material and legal. Regarding a legal negative condition, a person who is responsible to perform a condition undertakes contractually not to perform one of the obligations - a contract or unilateral obligation. One very important question which arises here is that, if the person who is responsible to perform a condition violates their obligation, and in legal terms, if they perform a negative condition, what would be the jurisdictional or judicial order for the transaction or for that violation? There is disagreement between the jurisprudents and lawyers in this regard. Some considers the transaction violating the condition as valid and also consider the person in whose favor the condition is made a right to claim compensation; on the other hand, some consider such a transaction as invalid; and, some regard such a condition as invalid. Some of jurisprudents and lawyers consider a transaction which violates negative condition as invalid; and, finally, some regard it as unopposable. Our hypothesis is that, it depends on the negative condition which is violated. In other words, if the obligation is to perform a unilateral obligation such as cancellation, the transaction violating the condition is invalid; but, if the undertaking is the omission of an act, the transaction violating the condition is considered as to be in the observation state. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - The Effects of the Cancellation of a Contract on the Alienable Possession from the Standpoints of Iranian Law and Imamieh Jurisprudence
Hossein Jafari Samet Mahshid Sadat Tabaei Javad Niknejad,Although, the contracts are binding, but in some occasions, due to some reasons, one of the parties may decide to cancel a contract. A cancellation of contract results in termination of a contract and its effects. The important point regarding the cancellation of a cont MoreAlthough, the contracts are binding, but in some occasions, due to some reasons, one of the parties may decide to cancel a contract. A cancellation of contract results in termination of a contract and its effects. The important point regarding the cancellation of a contract is that, if, after concluding a contract and before cancellation, a transferee take the possession of an object of transaction as a transferor, for example, if they sell an object of transaction to a third party, what may be the effects of cancellation of the contract on the alienable possession? Dose it results also in cancellation of the selling, or, principally, the transferee might not to do the transferring acts? And, as the consequence, the transaction is invalid? There is some disagreement among the lawyers and jurisprudents on the interpretations of Iranian law and Imamieh jurisprudence. Although, there is less disagreement on the interpretations of legal cancellations of contracts, and, principally, the jurisprudents and lawyers both believe that this cancellation has no effects on the validity of the selling. Then, the transferee should return the object of transaction to the transferor. But, on the contractual powers, including option of condition, there is disagreement between the lawyers and the jurisprudents. Some of them believe that in those options of conditions there is an implicit condition that one against whom an option is stipulated may not take possession of an object, including the possession of the object of a transaction, by violation of conditions, otherwise, the transaction is invalid. Some other believe that, regarding the mentioned options of conditions, unless it is expressly stipulated otherwise, one against whom an option is stipulated may not take possession of an object of transaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Effect of Audit Partner Power Hegemony on the Symptoms of Auditors' Psychodynamic Disorder
Mahdi Ashrafi Mohammadreza Abdoli Hasan ValiyanAbstract The Purpose of this study was to investigate the hegemonic effect of audit partner power on the symptoms of auditors' psychodynamic disorder. The present study is applied in terms of its purpose and developmental in terms of results. Also in terms of data typ MoreAbstract The Purpose of this study was to investigate the hegemonic effect of audit partner power on the symptoms of auditors' psychodynamic disorder. The present study is applied in terms of its purpose and developmental in terms of results. Also in terms of data type, it is in the category of mixed methods. Therefore, in the qualitative part, meta-synthesis and Delphi analysis were used, and in the quantitative part, partial least squares analysis was used. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative section was 12 specialists in accounting and financial management at the university level and in part, there were 195 independent auditors working for private auditing firms in Iran. In order to collect information to test the research hypothesis, questionnaires from the qualitative analysis stage were used and to analyze and test the research hypotheses were based on the partial least squares (PLS) method. The results showed that the hegemony of the audit partner's power has a positive and significant effect on the stimulation of psychodynamic disorders in auditors. The results show that the dominance of the auditing firm based on authoritarian behaviors due to the reduction of auditors' freedom of action, causes them gradual frustration and this issue while increasing stress and work pressure on them, increases the risk of symptoms of psychodynamic disorder. This is the first case study to focus on assessing the hegemonic effect of the audit partner's power on the symptoms of auditors' psychodynamic disorder. Although the field is of research importance in terms of developing theoretical literature and practical basis in reducing the gap of audit expectations, but less, audit research has addressed this issue. And conducting this research and developing it at the professional level of this field can enhance the institutional and educational capacities on it at the international level and help to create the integration of the development of theoretical literature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - The Model of Export Efficiency through New Entry Strategies Based on a Resource-Based View
Mojtaba Ramazani reza nasrollahi saeedloProviding and allocating the necessary resources from the managers to the export activities will provide significant assistance for the export program of the companies. The increase in profitability leads to improved productivity and brings about employment for the comm MoreProviding and allocating the necessary resources from the managers to the export activities will provide significant assistance for the export program of the companies. The increase in profitability leads to improved productivity and brings about employment for the community. Therefore, it is necessary to pay close attention to domestic and environmental resources in the development of exports. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to develop a model of export-efficiency pathway through the strategies of entering new markets based on a resource-based view. This research was based on the purpose of the applied and based on the method of doing the descriptive work. The research sample consisted of 143 companies. In order to collect data in this research, a questionnaire and documents of companies have been used. The completed questionnaires were distributed among the statistical community after ensuring its validity and reliability. In order to analyze the data in this study, confirmatory factor analysis with varimax rotation, correlation coefficient and path analysis have been used. The results of the research show that the choice of input strategy on the export efficiency of the companies has had a positive and significant effect. Also, the results of the research show that the characteristics of the company and the product, the characteristics of the exporter market and the characteristics of the host market can affect the influence strategy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Investigating the Effect of Al Temper type on Microstructure and Mechanical properties of Al 6061/Mg AZ31 alloys Diffusion Bonded Joint
مجتبی جعفریان علیرضا خدابنده مرتضی جعفریانIn this study, the effect of Al alloy temper type on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al 6061 (T6,O) and Mg AZ31 (O) were investigated. The interface of joints was investigated by optical microscope (OM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) equipped wit MoreIn this study, the effect of Al alloy temper type on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al 6061 (T6,O) and Mg AZ31 (O) were investigated. The interface of joints was investigated by optical microscope (OM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) equipped with EDS and Linescane analysis. Mechanical properties of joints were measured by using a Vickers microhardness and shear strength tests. According to the results, in Al 6061-O/Mg AZ31 joint, less plastic deformation in the Mg alloy, further diffusion rate of Mg atoms in the Al alloy and the formation of diffusion region with the lowest amount of microhardness (140 HV) and the highest amount of shear strength (32 MPa) was occurred compared to Al 6061-T6/Mg AZ31 joint. Evaluation of fracture surfaces indicates the occurrence of the failure in brittle phase of Al3Mg2. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Synthesis of Molybdenum disulfide solid lubricant coating on steel using Thermal-diffusion method
mehdi akbarzadeh Morteza ZanrahimiMolybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is one of the most solid lubricants applied on surfaces under friction condition in different ways. In this study, MoS2 coatings was applied on 316 stainless steel using thermal diffusion method at various temperatures and times. Coatings pro MoreMolybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is one of the most solid lubricants applied on surfaces under friction condition in different ways. In this study, MoS2 coatings was applied on 316 stainless steel using thermal diffusion method at various temperatures and times. Coatings properties were investigated using SEM, EDX, XRD and FTIR, Hardness Tester and Roughness tester. The results indicated formation of a uniform layer on the surface that contains MoS2 and MoO3-X phases. Coatings have thickness of 20-50 µm and grain size of 400-1000 nm and hardness of 350- 550 HV. Also in this study, the kinetics of diffusion layer between substrate and coating has been investigated. the kinetics of diffusion layer between substrate and coating has been investigated. It was found that thickness of diffusion layer changes with time at constant temperature follow from parabolic equation.The thickness of diffusion layer changes with time at at constant temperature follow from parabolic equation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Efect of temperature on microstructure and intermetallic compound formation of Diffusion Bonded Mg/Al joints
Mohammad Ammar Mofid Mostafa Hajian Heidary Ehsan Loryaei Hatef ShakeriThe diffusion bonding of two dissimilar alloys Al 5083 and Mg AZ31 was carried out at 420,430.440 and 450 °C for bonding time of 60 min. In order to characterize the microstructure evolution in the joint zone, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive sp MoreThe diffusion bonding of two dissimilar alloys Al 5083 and Mg AZ31 was carried out at 420,430.440 and 450 °C for bonding time of 60 min. In order to characterize the microstructure evolution in the joint zone, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were applied. The results show that joint formation is attributed to the solid-state diffusion of Mg and Al into Al 5083 and Mg AZ31 alloys followed by eutectic formation and constitutional liquation along the interface. At bonding temperature of 430°C diffusion induced grain coarsening was observed at the interface. With increase in bonding temperature, the atomic diffusivity increases, results in easier and speeder chemical bonding. In bonding temperature of 440°C the weld had an irregular shaped region in the weld center, having a different microstructure from the two base materials. The irregular shaped region contained a large volume of intermetallic compound Al12Mg17 and showed significantly higher hardness in the weld center. The present study suggests that constitutional liquation resulted in the intermetallic compound Al12Mg17 in the weld center. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Electrochemical study on hot corrosion behavior of aluminide diffusion coating deposited on inconel 713C superalloy
Esmaeil Taheri Mehdi VerdianIn this study, the hot corrosion resistance of diffusion aluminide coating on Inconel 713C was investigated using electrochemical techniques. In this regard, potentiodynamic polarization tests were performed at 750 °C in two kinds of molten salts. The former contain MoreIn this study, the hot corrosion resistance of diffusion aluminide coating on Inconel 713C was investigated using electrochemical techniques. In this regard, potentiodynamic polarization tests were performed at 750 °C in two kinds of molten salts. The former contained 70% sodium sulphate and 30% sodium chloride. The latter was composed of 70% sodium sulphate, 25% sodium chloride and 5% vanadium pentoxide. The phase composition and microstructure of coatings and corrosion products were investigated using XRD and SEM-EDS techniques. The results showed that in the presence of vanadium, the protection efficiency of coatings increased and a current-independent region was observed in anodic polarization curve. Here, a compact corrosion product layer was seen. In absence of vanadium, both coated and uncoated samples exhibited similar corrosion rates. However, in comparison to vanadium-containing environment, all samples showed lower corrosion rate. In this case, the coatings exhibited active anodic behavior. The corrosion products were porous and discontinuous in vanadium free environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Investigating of High Temperature Oxidation and Thermal Shock Properties of YSZ/Al2O3 Composite Thermal Barrier Coatings with Alumina Made by Solution Precursor Thermal Spray
Saeid Taghi-ramezani Zia Valefi Naser EhsaniIn this research, a double layer thermal barrier coating was applied and then an alumina diffusion barrier layer was deposited on the YSZ by two solution precersore plasma and solution precersore flame spraying. High temperature oxidation and thermal shock resistance te MoreIn this research, a double layer thermal barrier coating was applied and then an alumina diffusion barrier layer was deposited on the YSZ by two solution precersore plasma and solution precersore flame spraying. High temperature oxidation and thermal shock resistance tests were done at 1100˚C. Microstructure of coatings were studied by optical Microscopy and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy. Comparison of the microstructures of coatings showed that applying of Alumina with the solution precursor flame spray process upgrades the thermal properties. High temperature oxidation and thermal shock resistance of YSZ/Al2O3 coatings with Alumina applied by the solution precersoure thermal spray with the same compound were studied. Findings showed that applying alumina with the solution precursor flame spray process leads to increase the amount of the deposited splats and proper contact between them, causes to decrease the diffusion of O2 and as a result TGO thickness decreases and also thermal shock resistance increases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - The effect of pressure on the Mg alloy-Alumina composite properties fabricated by infiltration casting
Bahman Eghtedari Mahmoud Meratian Ali Maleki Mohamad KhodaeiOne of the advanced routes for manufacturing the magnesium-matrix composites is infiltration casting into ceramic foams. In this research, magnesium-matrix composite AZ91-Al2O3 production has been investigated. Therefore, AZ91 alloy molten is prepared by usage of torch MoreOne of the advanced routes for manufacturing the magnesium-matrix composites is infiltration casting into ceramic foams. In this research, magnesium-matrix composite AZ91-Al2O3 production has been investigated. Therefore, AZ91 alloy molten is prepared by usage of torch furnace under protection of MAGREX flux, then, poured in preheated mold at 250°C with preheated alumina foam at 800 °C. For investigating the effect of pressure, pressures at 50, 75 and 100 MPa in 1 minute applied until solidification was completed. For comparison, similar experiments were done without applying pressure. The results showed that solidification under pressure reduced porosity noticeably in comparison with gravity casting to 60%. By addition the ceramic reinforcement to the base alloy, mechanical strength reduced due to formation of MgAl2O4 spinel phase at interface and formation of residual compression stresses because of thermal mismatch between matrix and reinforcement. The mechanical strength and ductility of the samples are increased by rising of applied pressure to (0-100 MPa) due to decrease grain size and better strength interface of alumina and alloy. Additionally, wear rate due of composite decreased in comparison to base alloy declined markedly (about 53%). This may be due to higher intrinsic alumina strength. Also, by applying pressure on molten metal during solidification, wear rate is noticeably lesser than similar gravity sample due to decreasing the grain size and markedly declining the porosity. The dominant mechanism for base alloy is adhesive wear and for composite is abrasive wear and delamination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - The Effect of Using Natural Honey as New Cryoprotectant on Vitrified-warmed Blastocysts Survival, Hatching and Implantation Rate
F. Sarmadi S. Esfandiari M. Dashtizad M. ShamsaraVitrification process optimization, as a way to store embryos derived from assisted reproductive techniques, requires dealing with several destructive factors. The presence of carbohydrates as non-permeating cryoprotectants is an attempt in order to reduce these stresse MoreVitrification process optimization, as a way to store embryos derived from assisted reproductive techniques, requires dealing with several destructive factors. The presence of carbohydrates as non-permeating cryoprotectants is an attempt in order to reduce these stresses. Since the combination use of sugars leads to better results, in this project, natural honey which consists of various monosaccharides and disaccharides was applied as an alternative to sucrose in mouse blastocyst vitrification. For this purpose, the first part of the experiment was conducted to determine the optimum concentration of honey in vitrification and warming solutions. The second part was designed to compare the effect of honey-based selected solutions and sucrose-based one in terms of survival, hatching and implantation rate. Among different concentrations of honey, optimum concentrations of 1 and 2 M were chosen for vitrification and thawing mediums, respectively. Results of the second part demonstrated that, not only the survival rate can be equal with sucrose when using honey, but it also brings about as good results as the sucrose-based group regarding the hatching rate and more importantly the implantation rate. Therefore, we can introduce natural honey, as an appropriate substitute for sucrose to optimization the vitrification process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Analysis of Israeli diplomatic influence in the Middle East after the Arab Spring based on the swot model
maryam hatefi mohammad hassan nami ezatoolah ezzattiThe nature of the Arab Spring can not be summed up only in the economic poverty and unemployment of Arab youth. The basic factor behind the uprising of the Arab people is the sense of discrimination and humiliation caused by the repression of the Arab nation over the pa MoreThe nature of the Arab Spring can not be summed up only in the economic poverty and unemployment of Arab youth. The basic factor behind the uprising of the Arab people is the sense of discrimination and humiliation caused by the repression of the Arab nation over the past decades by the occupying Israeli regime and the alignment of the dictatorial regimes of these nations with this regime, the Arab nation of kinship, corrupt governance and reliance on Israel Tired of it; the thing that dictators do not really understand is its meaning. In this context, radical Islamists have limited the diplomatic influence of the occupation regime in the Middle East, in order to achieve hegemony in the Middle East region and to increase their popularity among the Arab nation through oral criticism against the Israeli government. Israel does not exclude the fact that political developments in the Middle East after the Arab Spring have led to the formation of strategic complexities in this region, and Israel's efforts in foreign policy to regional powers will not be the same as in the past. Therefore, the present article attempts to discuss the decline of the diplomatic influence of Israel in the Middle East after the Arab Spring by means of a descriptive-analytical method and using the internal and external factors assessment matrices based on the SWOT model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - An Intrusion Detection System for Network Cyber Security Using Hybrid Feature Selection Algorithms
Golnaz Aghaee Ghazvini zahra Oday KamilOne of the most important challenges of the expansion of the Internet and virtual space is cyber-attacks. These attacks are becoming new every day and it is becoming more difficult to deal with them. As a result, methods should be used to detect them, which can detect a MoreOne of the most important challenges of the expansion of the Internet and virtual space is cyber-attacks. These attacks are becoming new every day and it is becoming more difficult to deal with them. As a result, methods should be used to detect them, which can detect all types of cyber-attacks in the shortest possible time and with proper accuracy. Nowadays, machine learning methods are usually used to detect cyber-attacks. But since the data related to cyber-attacks have many characteristics and are kind of bulky data, as a result, the accuracy of conventional machine learning methods to detect them is usually low. In this research, we have used a hybrid feature selection method to select optimal features from the database related to cyber-attacks, which increases the accuracy of attack detection by classification models. In the proposed feature selection method, first the features that have the least redundancy with each other and at the same time are most related to the category variables (labels) are selected by the MRMR algorithm. Then, using a wrapper feature selection method based on the gray wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm to select a subset of the features selected from the previous step, which maximizes the accuracy of the SVM classifier model, is used this subset has optimal features by which the SVM model is trained. As a result, the accuracy of detecting cyber-attacks by the SVM model increases. According to the simulation results, the average accuracy of the proposed method for detecting cyber-attacks is 99.84%, which has improved compared to the intrusion detection methods of the reference article. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - The Effects of Tillage Methods on Infiltration and Water Application Efficiency
ابوالفضل ناصری منصوره مظفّريInfiltration and water application efficiency are important parameters in the design and evaluation of irrigation systems, which are affected by agronomic management such as tillage practices. Present study was conducted with the main objective of investigation of tilla MoreInfiltration and water application efficiency are important parameters in the design and evaluation of irrigation systems, which are affected by agronomic management such as tillage practices. Present study was conducted with the main objective of investigation of tillage methods effects on cumulative infiltration and water application efficiency in a wheat farm at the E. Azarbaijan Research Center for Agricultural and Natural Resources ( Khosroshahr ). The experiment treatments were no-tillage, tillage by chisel plow and disc, low tillage and tillage with moldboard plow with disc. Soil infiltration was measured by the ring and water application efficiency determined for studying conditions. Results showed that tillage methods produced different cumulative infiltrations. The cumulative infiltration from low tillage, no-tillage and tillage with moldboard plow were 62, 20 and 10% of cumulative infiltration from chisel plow. Water application efficiencies from chisel plow tillage were less than 55% and efficiencies from no-tillage by moldboard plow were 55% and 68% respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - An optimal approach to detect anomalies in intrusion detection systems
افسانه بنی طالبیSoftware Defined Networking (SDN) is considered as an innovate architecture of computer networks by using the central controller. Any modification in network data and its arrangement can be effortlessly executed in software via the controller in these networks. Conseque MoreSoftware Defined Networking (SDN) is considered as an innovate architecture of computer networks by using the central controller. Any modification in network data and its arrangement can be effortlessly executed in software via the controller in these networks. Consequently, the identification and timely response to Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks can be achieved, which is not the case in conventional networks.This paper uses the α-Entropy statistical method considering a threshold and machine learning techniques, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) to increase the accuracy of detecting DDoS attacks. In this method, the results are evaluated by 10-fold cross validation. The used dataset is ISOT, CTU-13 and UNB ISCX. The results of evaluation with a precision of 99.84% and FPR value of 0.10% indicate the high efficiency of the proposed model in SDN networks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Determination of Surface Irrigation Efficiencies for Pumpkin plant in Khoy Plain Lands
فاطمه پناهدوست Faribourz AhmadzadehAccording to the statistics, surface irrigation system covers more than 95% of the country's lands and current efficiency of the system is estimated as less than 35%. Hence, the need for detailed understanding of surface irrigation efficiencies in the irrigated lands an MoreAccording to the statistics, surface irrigation system covers more than 95% of the country's lands and current efficiency of the system is estimated as less than 35%. Hence, the need for detailed understanding of surface irrigation efficiencies in the irrigated lands and presenting appropriate solutions to increase such factors are too important to measure and should be taken in line with optimal consumption of agricultural water which covers more than 70% of the country's available water. Hence, a farm was selected in Malajnood village area which was irrigated in furrow method and then was evaluated during the two phases of irrigation. The underlying tests were conducted using partial Parshall with input water flow of 3.66, 1.97L?S. Elliot7Wlker's two-point method was used to determine infiltration equation coefficients. The relationship between needed water and exact moisture distribution which was equal to 2 samples of irrigation indicated two cases of incomplete irrigation. Findings of the study indicated that deep percolation ratio was 23.33 and 45.63 and the irrigation adequacy was 100% that showed the high water losses and low water efficiency, but the full supply of plant water needed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Numerical Study on the Effect of Piles Embedded Length based on Dynamic Parameters of Soldier Piles
Farnaz Farhadi فریبا بهروزسرندOne of the excavation stability methods is the use of a reinforced concrete piles system. In grounds with loose soil, the penetration amount of the pile tip in condensed soil, is one of the determinant parameters of pile stability. In this research, the influence of pi MoreOne of the excavation stability methods is the use of a reinforced concrete piles system. In grounds with loose soil, the penetration amount of the pile tip in condensed soil, is one of the determinant parameters of pile stability. In this research, the influence of pile penetration length in dense soil (dense sand) by changing soil layering and also by applying acceleration mapping of two earthquakes, Ahar-Varzghan (2013) and Bam (2003), has been investigated using Plexis software. The results show that with the increase in the loose soil depth in the mentioned earthquakes, in addition to the increase in the bending moment, the horizontal deformations in the static and dynamic states compared to the base model are 18 and 6 times, respectively, and the vertical deformations in the static and dynamic states compared to the base model are 48 and 6 times, respectively, and the total deformations in the static and dynamic models compared to the base model increase by 18 and 7 times, respectively. Rupture in the pit occurs when the depth of loose soil reaches 9 meters. Manuscript profile
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