تاثیر تناسبات هندسی بر عملکرد نور و نسبتهای برگرفته از طبیعت در خانه‌های تاریخی (نمونه موردی: خانه‌های اردبیل)

Subject Areas : International Journal of Industrial Mathematics

مهسا جوادی نوده ¹ , آزاده شاهچراغی ² , علیرضا عندلیب ³

1 - گروه معماری، دانشکده عمران، معماری و هنر، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - گروه معماری، دانشکده عمران، معماری و هنر، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده عمران، معماری و هنر، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

Received: 2020-03-11 Accepted : 2020-09-26 Published : 2021-07-01

Keywords: تناسبات, طبیعت, هندسه, معماری اکولوژیک, خانه‌های تاریخی, محدوده نفوذ نور,

Abstract :

بهر­ه­گیری از تناسبات برگرفته از طبیعت در معماری سنتی به عتوان اصلی جاری در تعامل محیط انسان ساخت با محیط طبیعی است. لذا که ارتباط ذاتی با طبیعت می­تواند به شباهتهای صوری ختم شود. این پژوهش به شناسایی میزان سازگاری تناسبات هندسی رایج در خانه­های تاریخی با عملکرد نور طبیعی بستر و نسبتهای طبیعی می­پردازد تا، رایج­ترین حالت جانمایی منطبق بر طبیعت را شناسایی نماید. براین اساس تعداد 28 اتاق شاه­نشین از 21 خانه تاریخی در اردبیل انتخاب می­گردد. با برداشت میدانی و  استدلال منطقی داده­ها و روش هاى محاسباتى، تحلیل عددی داده­ها صورت می­گیرد. بدین ترتیب که با استفاده از نمودار فراوانی و ضریب تغییرات میانگین، توزیع نرمال تناسبات واقع بر شاه­نشین مشخص می­شود. سپس براساس محاسبات عددی میزان سازش این تناسبات هندسی و مشخصات نورگیرها با محدوده نفوذ نور طبیعی محاسبه می­شود. نتایج براساس رایج­ترین جانمایی­ها نشان می­دهد که محیط طبیعی و محیط انسان ساخت در معماری سنتی همساز و در تعامل با یکدیگراند. به نحوی که 95 درصد از تناسبات رایج در خانه­های تاریخی اردبیل از نسبتهای حسابی و تعداد زیادی از تناسبات طلایی پیروی می­کنند. که بالاترین هم­پوشانی را با فراوانی میزان توزیع و محدوده نفوذ نور طبیعی دارند. علاوه بر این محدوده بی­خطی آسمان از فضای داخلی نشان می­دهد که در تمامی نمونه­ها، طبیعت در حوزه بصری قرار دارند.

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