The effect of titanium interlayer on the mechanical and structural properties of steel- tungsten diffusion bonding
Subject Areas : journal of New Materials
فرزاد Samadi
1
,
S.Z Anvari
2
,
محمد Khodaei
3
1 - موسسه آموزش عالی دانش پژوهان، گروه مهندسی مواد، اصفهان، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه مکانیک، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
3 - استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات مهندسی پیشرفته، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهر مجلسی، اصفهان، ایران
Keywords: Diffusion bonding, Wolfram, Steel, Titanium interlayer, Intermetallic compound,
Abstract :
In this study the diffusion bonding of steel– tungsten using a pure titanium interlayer was investigated. Samples were heated in a special fixture under 5 MPa pressure and at the different times and temperatures in the argon furnace. The images of optical and scanning electron microscopes indicated that a detectable diffused region was formed at the Ti- W, while no detectable diffused region was formed at the Steel- Ti interface. Also with increasing the time and or temperature of the process, the thickness of diffused region was increased. Results of the energy dispersive x- ray spectroscopy (EDX) approved the diffusion of Ti and W and little diffusion of steel and Ti. The results of x- ray diffraction (XRD) approved the presence of FeTi and Fe2Ti phases at the welded region. The results of microhardness indicated that the maximum hardness is related to the 1000T1H sample and spatially in its steel- Ti interface. This maximum hardness was due to the presence of intermetallic compounds (FeTi and Fe2Ti). Regarding to the results of shear test, 950T1H had the maximum shear strength and with increasing the time and temperature of welding, the strength was decreased due to the more intermetallic formation. Regarding all the results, temperature of 900 C and time of 1 hr, were found the optimum time and temperature for steel- tungsten diffusion bonding.
1- S.Kundu, M. Ghosh, S. Chatterjee, "Diffusion bonding of commercially pure titanium and 17-4 precipitation hardening stainless steel", Materials Science and Engineering A,Vol. 428, pp. 18–23, 2006.
2- W.S.Liu, Q.S. Cai, Y.Z. Ma, Y.Y. Wang, H.Y. Liu, D.X. Li, "Microstructure and mechanical properties of diffusion bonded W / steel joint using V / Ni composite interlayer", Materials Characterization,Vol. 86, pp. 212-220, 2013.
3- W.W.Basuki, J. Aktaa, "Investigation of tungsten / EUROFER97 diffusion bonding using Nb interlayer", Fusion Engineering and Design, Vol. 86, pp. 2585–2588, 2011.
4- Z.Zhong, T. Hinoki, A. Kohyama,
"Effect of holding time on the microstructure and strength of tungsten / ferritic steel joints diffusion bonded with a nickel interlayer", Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 518, pp. 167–173, 2009.
5- H.Sabetghadam, A.Z. Hanzaki, A. Araee, "Diffusion bonding of 410 stainless steel to copper using a nickel interlayer Shear strength", Materials Characterization, Vol. 61, pp. 626–634, 2010.
6- Z.Yang, Y. Shen, Z. Wang, J. Cheng "Tungsten / steel diffusion bonding using Cu / W − Ni / Ni multi-interlayer",Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, Vol. 24, pp. 2554–2558, 2014.
7- رزاقیان. ا.، خواص فیزیکی مواد، انتشارات دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی، 1390.
8- سبکتین ریزی. م.، رضوی. س.غ.، مناجاتی زاده. ح.، اتصال نوردی تیتانیوم به فولاد با استفاده از لایه میانی نیکل، مجله مواد نوین، جلد 3، شماره 2، زمستان 1391.
9- E.Atasoy, N. Kahraman, "Diffusion bonding of commercially pure titanium to low carbon steel using a silver interlayer",Materials characterization,Vol. 59(10), pp. 1481-1490, 2008.
10- V. Kerlins, Modes of Fracture, Fractography, ASM Hand book, Vol. 12, 1991.
11- W.W.Basuki, J.Aktaa, "Process optimization for diffusion bonding of tungsten with EUROFER97 using a vanadium interlayer", Journal of Nuclear Materials, Vol. 459, pp. 217-224, 2015.
12- Z.Zhong, H.cheaJung, T.Hinokib, A.Kohyama,”Effect of joining temperature on the microstructure and strength of tungsten/ferritic steel joints diffusion bonded with a nickel interlayer”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 210, pp. 1805-1810, 2010.
