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Open Access Article
1 - The Commercial Relations between Egypt and Venice in the Borji Mamluk Era
ahmadreza motevalliThe present paper focuses on the vicissitudes in commercial relations between Egypt and Venice in Borji Mamluk (784- 923 H.) that caused by internal and external factors. The most important forces were the attack of Timur to Syria and the fall of Constantinople by ottom MoreThe present paper focuses on the vicissitudes in commercial relations between Egypt and Venice in Borji Mamluk (784- 923 H.) that caused by internal and external factors. The most important forces were the attack of Timur to Syria and the fall of Constantinople by ottomans. Both factors resulted in the unsafety of all connecting roads and so the trading through Red Sea boomed and also the business between Egypt and Venice was improved. In contrary, sometime certain meddling of some kings and princes in trading and hoarding of goods as well as frauds and swooning which coincided with pirates’ attacks caused drastic falls in above mentioned relation between Venice and Egypt. In certain periods new discoveries by Portuguese in some routes between Europe and Asia brought them a profitable trade of spices and other Asian products which in turn caused tangible losses for Venice and Egypt. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Stance Reuters, Bloomberg and the Financial Times on Iran's oil industry in the aftermath of sanctions
Pooya Nematolahi Alireza Soltani Behrooz KavehieThe process of economic sanctions against Iran and elimination of sanctions with the nuclear deal, a number of factors and variables to build an active action. Specifically, the Iranian oil industry, was one of the two main objectives of economic sanctions and naturally MoreThe process of economic sanctions against Iran and elimination of sanctions with the nuclear deal, a number of factors and variables to build an active action. Specifically, the Iranian oil industry, was one of the two main objectives of economic sanctions and naturally in space as well as the lifting of sanctions, the oil industry was leading in these conditions. At the same time, in both sections, one of the variables affecting economic sanctions and an oil embargo in particular, the role of the international media. Most of the international media during the sanctions period, playing an active role in the success of sanctions in many forms. In the post-sanctions period, the performance of the media in the atmosphere to implement the terms of the agreement, particularly regarding sanctions Barjam oil industry be investigated. In this regard, the position of International introduced three kinds of media, including Reuters, Bloomberg and Financial Times; sanctions against Iran's oil industry in the sections "Barjam before" and "after Barjam" has been scrutinized.So, during the period from the beginning of 2012 until the end of the first quarter of 2016 media coverage of the three reference was scrutinized news. After the examination the result was that the two media "Reuters" and the "Bloomberg" twice "before Brjam" and "after Brjam" of developments in the industry of oil and the sanctions that the industry is aiming, with shift and how their coverage more positive and supportive approach to tactics rather than negative attitudes have changed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The way of highlighting the most important social issues in Iran in the news of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (case study: 20:30 News Section)
ARDASHIR ZABOLIZADA Javad Sadeghi Mehrdad Hajivand DastgerdiMedia have an essential role in highlighting the most important social issues, albeit they are not able to address all of them. The main aim of the research which was conducted through quantitative content analysis is to examine the way of highlighting the most importan MoreMedia have an essential role in highlighting the most important social issues, albeit they are not able to address all of them. The main aim of the research which was conducted through quantitative content analysis is to examine the way of highlighting the most important social issues of Iran including job-related issues, urban issues, marriage-related issues, educational issues, environmental issues, drug-related issues, sexual issues, crimes, poverty and inequality derived from previous researches in 20:30 News Section of IRIB TV2 in the period from October 2016 to March 2017. The findings of the research indicate that the aforementioned news section had a poor performance in highlighting the mentioned social issues. As of 1202 news examined in the news section, only 313 news which were accounted as 26 percent of the total news addressed the issues. Based on the findings and in terms of news arrangements, from the 313 selected news related to the issues, 93 news were placed in the first priority and 97 news were hold in the second priority of the news section. Moreover, through scrutinizing the news the crimes-related issues with 29.7 percent, environmental issues with 22 percent, job-related issues with 14.7 percent and the issues related to poverty and inequality with 13.4 percent had been highlighted more than the other issues. And also, the least addressed and highlighted issue comes to sexual issues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Studying of structure and content of local press from perspective of Professional and developmental Principles of journalism(Case Study: Ardabil Province Press)
Shahriar Gholizadeh golloAbstract The essential purpose of this research is Recognition of Ardabil province Press from perspective of structural and developmental Principles of journalism.Theoretical framework of current research is based on the agenda-setting theory and structural principles o MoreAbstract The essential purpose of this research is Recognition of Ardabil province Press from perspective of structural and developmental Principles of journalism.Theoretical framework of current research is based on the agenda-setting theory and structural principles of journalism and development journalism. In this research, is used the quantitative content analysis method. All encoded contents, is 1589 content which is selected from five weekly Ardabil Province during 2018- 2017. This research shows that the most popular style in press of Ardabil province is news style. The most contents of the Ardabil press are non-productive and most used source is related to internal news agency. Also a lot of contents are without citing any source. The largest share among all subjects is allocated to the coverage of Ardabil Province events and news and after that is national news. Developmental news and contents have a very small part and regardless to the development issues are the most obvious points in this research. It can be said that Ardabil Press in context of structural journalism principles, sometimes successful and sometimes not. Also in the field of development journalism, have not the considering function. Keywords: Press, Local Press, The structural principles of journalism, Development journalism, Agenda-Setting. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Dichotomous paradigms in Media Discourses of JCPOA (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action)
Pooya Nematolahi , Mohammadreza Rasouli Seyed Mahmoud Nejati Hosseini,Based on Laclau and Mouffe's Discourse Theory, this study provides semantic systems of JCPOA-related discourse in the form of "Official / state" and "Conservative" discourse and their discursive battles, while Foregrounding / Backgrounding in field of language and media MoreBased on Laclau and Mouffe's Discourse Theory, this study provides semantic systems of JCPOA-related discourse in the form of "Official / state" and "Conservative" discourse and their discursive battles, while Foregrounding / Backgrounding in field of language and media discourses through Dichotomous Paradigms. Contents of six media outlets were assessed in Persian calendar 1394 till 14th Aban1397. The field of research is divided to Micro and Macro levels. In Macro, Discourses are analyzed on base of Laclau and Moufeh's Discourse Theory. In Micro, Text Analysis is held on base of Dichotomy as Seperated semiosis system. Seven dichotomous were recognized. The articulation of both discourses in media content engross of dichotomized representation of "foregrounding self" and "backgrounding the Other". Official/State discourse takes "sanction lift" moment along with "good deal / bad deal" and also Foregrounding of "Transparency / Rent". This discourse tries to articulate its meaning system through Empty Signifiers. Conservative discourse defines Ideological discursive moments and focus its Nodal Points on Antagonistic relations in order to break its competitor's hegemonic domination of "Constructive interaction" and "Interaction / Confrontation. Both discourse employ signifier in rival's Field of Discursivity, for creating dichotomy, as well as employing floating signifiers after threat of JCPOA Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Attitude of International Media Outlets, Reuters, Bloomberg and Financial Times about Iran Oil Industry in Post Sanction ERA
Pooya Nematolahi Behrooz Kavehie Alireza SoltaniIran’s petroleum industry has been one of the main targets of the sanctions. The same sector also was the pioneer and made the greatest gains after the easing of international restrictions. One of the key variables that influenced and paved the way for either impo MoreIran’s petroleum industry has been one of the main targets of the sanctions. The same sector also was the pioneer and made the greatest gains after the easing of international restrictions. One of the key variables that influenced and paved the way for either imposition or removal of the sanctions was the role of International mass media. As a matter of fact, the media streams did play a key role in the success of the sanctions during imposed sanctions. In the post-sanctions setting, the same media did set the ground for implementation of the articles of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) especially with regard to the oil sanctions on Iran. The present article considers the role of three leading international media outlets, namely Thomson Reuters, Bloomberg and Financial Times, regarding the sanctions on Iran’s oil industry in two settings: Prior to the JCPOA implementation and after it. For the purposes of the study, all the news releases of these agencies regarding Iran’s oil industry and sanctions from the beginning of 2012 through the first quarter of 2016 were meticulously studied.The result of the studies indicated that Reuters and Bloomberg did in fact change their standing with regard to Iran’s oil industry and the sanctions before and after the JCPOA implementation. The results showed that the two media outlets changed their attitudes for coverage of the related news from negative to more positive and more supportive attitudes through the two settings. However, the Financial Times, based on the content it has published during the two periods, did not change its attitude towards Iran’s oil industry and the sanctions, and maintained its nonchalant, unmoved, and skeptical stance towards the issue throughout the two settings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - بررسی دیپلماسی رسانه ای ایران در افغانستان پس از سقوط طالبان
صدیقه ببران هاتف پوررشیدی -
Open Access Article
8 - The Influence of Communication Towers’ Architecture on Creating Sense of Belonging to the City (Case Study: Milad Communication Tower)
Hasanali Pourmand Javid Ghanbari Mohammd Yousefi Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Clarification of relation between social interaction and improvement of living quality within residential complexes (Case study: Behjat Abad Residential Complex, Kooye No Bonyad & Tehran International Tower)
ghazal safdarian Iraj Etessam Farah HabibAmong different types of housing, high-rises construction is considered by many architects and urban planners as one of the most common types, especially after the industrial revolution and advancements in engineering techniques. Construction of tall buildings from its MoreAmong different types of housing, high-rises construction is considered by many architects and urban planners as one of the most common types, especially after the industrial revolution and advancements in engineering techniques. Construction of tall buildings from its beginning as a result of modern architecture, for reasons like speed of construction (industrialization), high density (accommodation of more people) etc. grew considerably, but gradually it caused other types of problems including mere consideration of performance, less human interaction, and etc. on the one hand, today, any lack of attention to social interactions in designing process has been changed into one of the major challenges at residential complexes. On the other hand, we have establishment of residential complexes as an effect of population increase, expensive price of land and also economic benefits in our country which may cause further changes in structure of residential spaces and omission of interacted spaces from Iranian architecture. The results are lack of responding to social necessities of people and a reduction in sense of place. Residential apartments have different aspects that should be consistently considered in all stages of their construction, including planning, studies, design and operation, in order to achieve a desired environment and improvement in quality of life. One of the most important factors in evaluating residential complexes is social sustainability that enhances quality of living. In definition "social sustainability in residential complexes is a situation where residents enjoy living in the residential complexes and neighborhood with other residents and they are satisfied”. In other words, human is a social creature and to meet their needs they have to communicate and interact with others. Therefore, considering psychological - social factors besides other indicators like economic and environmental-physical factors are important for achieving satisfaction as the main criteria for measuring quality of life. In this paper, using field study and questionnaires, social interaction rates in several residential complexes have been evaluated and its objective is evaluation of socio - cultural indicators in residential complexes, determining the position of design in improving social interactions, explaining the role of social interaction in improvement of living quality and finally presenting strategies in this area. In this context, at first the concept of social interactions in housing area and views of scholars in this field have been reviewed and then position of social interactions in the design process to achieve the criteria for comparison of case samples have been analyzed and then considering the results some strategies have been presented at the conclusion. The results indicate that there is always a direct relationship between the amount of social interaction and higher quality of living environment. Moreover, it can be said that the more social factors are considered in the design process, the more willingness of residents to the social interactions are seen and residents feel more satisfaction with their buildings. Communication and social interaction among residents as one of the most important social factors affecting collective living always increase the sense of belonging and continuity of presence in places. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Comparative study of the brand's prominence effect on purchase decision in Iranian and foreign home appliances with Grounded Theory Approach
Niousha Dehbini Mohammad Haghighi Abdolkhalegh GholamiConsumer behavior analysis, market conditions and corporate profits have been considered in recent years. Creating value for customers and helping them decide how to buy them is one of the important issues that matters in marketing science. The purpose of this research MoreConsumer behavior analysis, market conditions and corporate profits have been considered in recent years. Creating value for customers and helping them decide how to buy them is one of the important issues that matters in marketing science. The purpose of this research is to develop the conceptual model of decision making to purchase by explaining the role of brand prominence and identifying its dimensions with a combination (qualitative - quantitative) approach. Then a comparative study is conducted on Iranian and foreign home appliance brands. In the qualitative stage, the grounded theory method was used in modeling the data. Data were collected using a standard questionnaire derived from previous research and analyzed by Factor Analysis with SmartPLS3 software. 450 questionnaires were distributed randomly among customers of Iranian home appliance brands Snowa and LG. 396 questionnaires were analyzed for Snowa and 434 questionnaires for the LG. The results showed that brand quality, brand awareness, price and brand image have a significant effect on brand prominence. But brand association not significant effect on prominence. The results also showed a significant impact of brand quality, brand awareness, pricing and brand association on brand prominence of LG's home appliances, and showed that the brand image had no significant effect on the brand prominence. Also, the brand prominence has an impact on the purchase decision of LG and Snowa brand. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - The Effect of Accounting Information Quality on the Salience phenomenon
Parvaneh Khaleghi Kasbi Mohammad Ali Aghaei Farzin RezaeiInvestors simplify their decisions and judgements through applying rules of thumbs and processing only a part of available information. Salience indicates the events related to available information taking more weight in future judgements. After the formation of financi MoreInvestors simplify their decisions and judgements through applying rules of thumbs and processing only a part of available information. Salience indicates the events related to available information taking more weight in future judgements. After the formation of financial behavioral theory, the empirical studies have been directed towards the review of relationships between investors tendencies and stock price variations and in this regard, there has been no discussion on which factors affect the behavioral errors of investors and how they can be adjusted; thus, this paper aims to investigate the impact of increased accounting information quality on the decreased salience phenomenon. Therefore, a sample consisting of 600 corporates-years was studied during 2012-2016. the existence of salience phenomenon led to the investors over-reaction followed by inappropriate stock pricing. Thus, when the information quality is high, the relationship between behavioral tensions and stock market price is weaker. Consequently, high quality information reporting can decrease the impact of salient information on investors decisions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Reduction of cavitation in the hydraulic jump pond of the cooling tower by stepping the end sill
Ehsan Behjati Amir Khosrojerdi Ali SaremiIntroduction: Cooling towers are an important and vital part of industrial units that are used for water cooling that is used in the cooling processes of systems in power plants, refineries and other industrial units. One of the important components of towers is the rel MoreIntroduction: Cooling towers are an important and vital part of industrial units that are used for water cooling that is used in the cooling processes of systems in power plants, refineries and other industrial units. One of the important components of towers is the relaxation pool, the main role of which is to collect water for transfer to the system, the number of suction pools is usually designed according to the number of each pump. One of the important tasks of the relaxation pool structure in this structure is energy dissipation. In this regard, usually in this pond, the hydraulic structure of the hydraulic jump is used for energy dissipation. In the hydraulic jump process, the current changes from supercritical to subcritical. This causes a loss of flow energy. In cooling ponds, downstream slope is usually used to control the hydraulic jump. In cooling ponds, downstream slope is usually used to control the hydraulic jump. Various studies have shown that using stairs instead of ramps can greatly increase energy loss in the relaxation pool. In this study, by replacing the stepped surface with a sloping surface, the effects of this process on flow lines as well as its effects on cavitation are investigated.Method: In this research, the Fluent numerical model is used to numerically model the flow around the structure of the cooling tower calm pond. In this regard, the dimensions of the relaxation pool in the concrete cooling tower are very important from an engineering point of view and should be designed in such a way that the operating conditions of the pumps are safe. Existence of high velocities and pressure drop in the dischargers causes serious problems related to the occurrence of cavitation phenomenon. Since modeling a physical model usually requires a lot of time and money, a numerical model calibrated with laboratory data was used to follow this research. In this study, due to the recognition of destructive eddy currents created around the lower valve when the valve is opened, hydraulic optimization of the relaxation pool and the appropriate width of the relaxation pool in refineries is one of the objectives of this study.Results: The study of increasing the flow in numerical modeling showed that with increasing the flow due to the increase in energy loss due to the stepping of the end threshold, the water height in the calm pool decreases significantly. This drop is estimated at an average of about 67%. Also, the results of water level profiles showed that the threshold of the end of the pond in a stepped manner, has a greater drop than the sloping conditions. Also, in exchange for higher discharges, this drop will move to higher values. Therefore, in the numerical model, the flow conditions on the stairs were analyzed at minimum and maximum flow. Regarding the study of pressure drop in the relaxation pool, it can be stated that the development of flow in the pool section based on increasing the width and height of the duct increases the amount of velocity during the discharge, which has led to pressure drop. Conclusion: The results of the study of cavitation number along the pond indicate that for the ratio of water depth to the width of the pond less than 1.82, the possibility of cavitation during the pond will be reduced. Also, depleting blocks in the pond have a positive effect on improving hydraulic performance, which leads to increased energy dissipation and jump stabilization, reduced speed, length, height of hydraulic jump and also reduces the risk of cation compared to the case without depleting blocks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Analysis of the effect of plan geometry and capabilities of traditional architects on the typology of the architectural form of Isfahan Dove Towers
Afrooz Rahimi Ariaei Nima ValibeigBackground and Objective: Dove towers have outstanding architectural, structural and decorative characteristics. Geometric and typological examination of dove towers not only paves the way to understand Persian traditional architecture, but also prevents these environme MoreBackground and Objective: Dove towers have outstanding architectural, structural and decorative characteristics. Geometric and typological examination of dove towers not only paves the way to understand Persian traditional architecture, but also prevents these environment-friendly structures from being forgotten. According to the authors, there is a direct relationship between the creativity of traditional architects, proportions, form and size of the plan, with different types of dove towers in Isfahan. Accordingly, the present study aimed to analyze the final form of dove towers in Isfahan from the aspect of geometric features. Historically, certain foreign travelers have described some of the dove towers in Isfahan. Some travelers have also made attempt to describe them physically and structurally. This study will provide a comprehensive typology of dove towers from a geometric perspective.Method: The methodology has been descriptive, comparative and analytic in nature. Also, data were collected based on library sources and field studies. Findings: It was found that there is a significant relationship between height and the number of floors, the diameter of the dove towers, the middle cylinders and its wall thickness. The shapes, the geometry of the body and the various dimensions of the plan on the one hand and the creativity of the architects on the other hand, have created different volumes in the structure of the pigeon houses in Isfahan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
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امیرحسین جاوید ابوالقاسم امام زاده علی اصغر حمیدی علی ارجمندزاده -
Open Access Article
15 - Trend salience, investor behaviours and momentum profitability
parvaneh khaleghi kasbi MohammadAli AghaeiBased on Momentum investing strategy and unlike labour market hypothesis, achieving a higher profitability comparing to the profitability of the market is possible. Momentum profitability is the resultant of behavioral bias of investors in the market. Based on behaviora MoreBased on Momentum investing strategy and unlike labour market hypothesis, achieving a higher profitability comparing to the profitability of the market is possible. Momentum profitability is the resultant of behavioral bias of investors in the market. Based on behavioral models investors allocate a more possibility to trend saliences and they use trends which are effective in the future stuck price predictions. It is proved in this essay that the limitation on which the investor estimates past trends is dependent on the salience of that trend.To test the hypotheses, a multivariate regression model has been used and the selected sample includes companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange between 2012 and 2016. The results of the research showed that investors are sensitive to the value of the price signal during the formation period and are likely to estimate stocks with an increasing trend. For this reason, it can be argued that the salience momentum strategy acts better than the non- salience momentum strategy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - The Effect of Biophilic Architecture on Improving the Environmental Quality of Residential Complexes (Case Study: Aseman Tabriz Residential Complex)
Ahmad MirzaMohammadi Yasaman DoozdoozaniBackground and Aim: The existence of nature and plants is an effective factor in human physical and mental health that by eliminating them, it will be difficult to reduce human problems today. Its architectural efforts to improve the quality of human life in residential MoreBackground and Aim: The existence of nature and plants is an effective factor in human physical and mental health that by eliminating them, it will be difficult to reduce human problems today. Its architectural efforts to improve the quality of human life in residential spaces are ongoing. Man's relationship with his environment is a function of his various sensory systems, and today the subconscious image of the individual is formed by the reactions of components and parts of the senses in a large built environment. The purpose of this study is to achieve the desired architectural space and provide solutions by examining the factors of human quality of life in residential space. Interest in climatic conditions is one of the main subgroups of biological architecture. Methods: The method of this research is descriptive and analytical and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study was the residents of Tabriz Asman Tower and the sample size with Cochran's formula was 355 people. SPSS software was used to analyze the collected data. In order to investigate the effect of biophilic architecture principles on housing design in Tabriz Asman Tower, regression correlation coefficient has been used. Results: The results showed that the greatest effect of biophilic architecture on improving the environmental quality of residential complexes is directly and indirectly related to the landscape index with a direct effect of 0.732 and an indirect effect of 0.413. The lowest direct and indirect effects are related to the gravity index with a direct effect of 0.333 and an indirect effect of 0.026. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is concluded that biophilic architecture is effective in improving the environmental quality of residential complexes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Discourse Arguments in Hafez's Sonnets Based on Laclau and Moffe's Theory of Discourse
Mitra Davoudi Mohammad Javad Hejazi Seyyed Ali Asghar SoltaniControversy over Hafez's religiosity or apostasy has a long background. The problem in the present article is to identify the discourse order in Hafez's lyric poetry, and to determine which discourses are insider and highlighted in this discourse order and which discour MoreControversy over Hafez's religiosity or apostasy has a long background. The problem in the present article is to identify the discourse order in Hafez's lyric poetry, and to determine which discourses are insider and highlighted in this discourse order and which discourses are outsiders. Thus, a better understanding of Hafez's approach to religion can be gained through a fundamental and objective data method. The theoretical basis of the research is Laclau and Moffe theory of discourse and the research method is based on Soltani discourse semiotics model (2014). Accordingly, it was determined that the discourse order in Diwan of Hafez includes governmental, religious and Sufism. The alignment of Hafez's wisdom discourse with his love to Qur'an shows that this discourse does not contradict real religious values. The central signifier in wisdom’s discourse is the prescriptive signifier which is opposed and hypocritical to religious discourses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - A Study on Norm Deviation in Muin Bseiso and Mohammad Reza Shafiei Kadkani’s Poetries
Mohammad Taqi Zand Vakili Marziyeh GhasemianNorm Deviation is one of the new literary theories in which the poet disorders the common structure of the language by applying special patterns and recreates unfamiliar language. Arabic and Persian contemporary poets have come to modernism in their poetic language and MoreNorm Deviation is one of the new literary theories in which the poet disorders the common structure of the language by applying special patterns and recreates unfamiliar language. Arabic and Persian contemporary poets have come to modernism in their poetic language and concepts simultaneously with the modernism proceed Bseiso and Kadkani are the poets who have widen their poetic aesthetics and effectiveness by deviation from standard language. The aim of the present research is to study the elements of norm deviation in both poets’ poetries to show the abovementioned poets’ reason and goal in applying this method in their works to present their concept and meaning. The outcome has showed that two poets empower themselves by deviation from common syntax and semantic styles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - A Comparative Survey on Norm Deviation in Hossein Panahi and Manouchehr Atashi's Poetry
Elkhas Veisi Azadeh EbadiNorm – deviation is one of the methods for marking and defamiliarization of the poetry which has been applied by many poets. In the contemporary poetry, Nima Youshij played vital role in founding the norm – deviation and had many followers. The present resea MoreNorm – deviation is one of the methods for marking and defamiliarization of the poetry which has been applied by many poets. In the contemporary poetry, Nima Youshij played vital role in founding the norm – deviation and had many followers. The present research studies and surveys two poets' poetries – Hossein Panahi & Manouchehr Atashi – from norm – deviation and defamiliarization point of view since they were both poets criteria and they both were from south of Iran and have applied south's culture, literature and folklore; hence both were contemporary, their poetries are studied comparatively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Highlighting (Part of Speech) in a Sonnet by Rumi
Aqil Abdolhossein Mohammad MalekiThe present research studies the structure and content of a sonnet by Rumi with structural analysis approach called highlighting. Highlighting means the poet's capacity to use his (or her) linguistic and musical games and artistic possibilities; in a way that MoreThe present research studies the structure and content of a sonnet by Rumi with structural analysis approach called highlighting. Highlighting means the poet's capacity to use his (or her) linguistic and musical games and artistic possibilities; in a way that his own expression is defamiliarizing and prominent. Rumi created interesting harmony between structure and content by enjoying highlighting structures of the text such as phonetic, lexical, syntactic and musical structures. The purpose of this article is to propose an image of Rumi's artistic and prominence level. The present research which analytical-descriptive method is used according to the structural approach studies the sonnet in terms of phonetic, lexical, syntactic and semantic aspects. The result of the present study is that Rumi, has separated and distinguished his poetic language from the usual norm in the poems of others benefitting structural and semantic innovations,. The aesthetics of his sonnets in the art of proper and critical use of this structural and semantic component has proved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - STUDY OF VIKTOR SHKLOVSKY’S IDEAS IN THE POETY OF SOHRAB SEPEHRY AND THOMAS STEARNS ELIOT
Mehdi Momtahen Naser Maleki Maryam NovidiCreating new and strange themes is a characteristic of the modern and postmodern era poets. They try to dust the habits from the old themes and concepts and take a new look at them. They also try to direct the readers to the same path and thus, letting them un MoreCreating new and strange themes is a characteristic of the modern and postmodern era poets. They try to dust the habits from the old themes and concepts and take a new look at them. They also try to direct the readers to the same path and thus, letting them understand the complex themes and concepts. This technique is called defamiliarization. Defamiliarization was first introduced by Shklovsky’s art as device theory. He believed that if the way we look at artistic works is based on our habits, we cannot have a new understanding of it and as a result its impact on our life will be habitual. The present article tries to study this technique in the poetry of Sohrab Sepehry and Thomas Stearns Eliot. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Investigation of Deviation in "Damavandieh" Poem by Malek Al-Shoaraye Bahar based on Lich's linguistic model
Al-Khas Veisi Soraya SobhaniExtra-regularity and deviation are two major parts of literary highlighting; the use of them can be considered a turning point in the language of a poet's poetry. In this regard, in a descriptive-analytical study, we intend to examine the tools of poetry creation, espec MoreExtra-regularity and deviation are two major parts of literary highlighting; the use of them can be considered a turning point in the language of a poet's poetry. In this regard, in a descriptive-analytical study, we intend to examine the tools of poetry creation, especially its deviation in one of the poems of the prominent Iranian poet, Malek Al-Shoaraye Bahar. For this purpose, after a brief deviation to the pattern of linguistic deviation that was proposed by formalist linguists, especially Jeffrey Leach, the poem "Damavandieh" was analyzed from the point of view of this pattern. The results of this study showed that Bahar in his poem has more or less used all types of deviations, in which the frequency of semantic and temporal deviation is higher than other types, and this can be on the one hand, due to the prevailing political atmosphere during the life of this poet and the silence and indifference of the people towards his destiny and on the other hand, the deep study and attention of this poet to the works of previous poets and adherence to the traditions of the past. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - The Analysis of Ebn Hesam’s Poetry Structure based on Jeffery Leech’s Theory
Fereshteh Khavari Habib Jadidol Eslami Behruz RumianiTraditional research is not only inexpressive, scattered and lacking theoretical bases but also deals abstractly with literature. In this approach, methodology is prescriptive and offers some do’s and don’ts about literature. On coming new literary methodolo MoreTraditional research is not only inexpressive, scattered and lacking theoretical bases but also deals abstractly with literature. In this approach, methodology is prescriptive and offers some do’s and don’ts about literature. On coming new literary methodologies, researchers discussed different aspects of literature and employed a pragmatist approach. The advantage of such theories is to use and appropriate them with certain texts to crystallize the theories. In this research, eight types of deviation (lexical, syntactic, vocal, writing, semantic, dialectical, stylistic, and temporal) are studied based on Leech’s deviationism (1969) in Ibn Hesam’s poetry. The results show that semantic deviation is more frequent than other forms of deviation. Syntactic, temporal, lexical, vocal, stylistic and dialectical deviations are more frequent, respectively. Writing deviation which is mostly associated with modern poetry had no frequency in his poetry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Techniques of Norm Deviation in Sanaei's Sonnets
Samaneh A'azami Habib Jadidol EslamiOne of the language's foregrounding method is norm – deviation. The mentioned technique removes habit, repeatition and bordome from literature and always brings freshness and beauty. Many poets enrich their poetries by applying this technique and method. Sanaei is MoreOne of the language's foregrounding method is norm – deviation. The mentioned technique removes habit, repeatition and bordome from literature and always brings freshness and beauty. Many poets enrich their poetries by applying this technique and method. Sanaei is also one of the poets who enjoyes norm – deviation and beutifies his poetries via this technique. The present paper is the result of a research which is done based on "norm – deviation" in order to find out three types of norm – deviation: lexical, syntactic and semantic in Sanaei's sonnets; the research studies the subject by an introduction to foregrounding and its various types Sanaei creates new form and awares the readers by standard language and defamiliarization. The outcome of the survey shows that Sanaei has frequently applies lexical, syntactic and semantic norm – deviations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Formalistic Analysis of Qamar Surah
Asgar Babazadeh Aqdam Javad Karkhaneh Hossein TaktabarThe present paper intends to analyze one of Meccan Surahs from formalistic criticism point of view to express that the Divine Words are full of concepts and meanings. The article which is done in descriptive – analytical method, comes to conclusion that the applie MoreThe present paper intends to analyze one of Meccan Surahs from formalistic criticism point of view to express that the Divine Words are full of concepts and meanings. The article which is done in descriptive – analytical method, comes to conclusion that the applied lexicons and contents in Quran are completely in interaction with each other and the applied terms have created new contents so that it can be claimed (bravely) this is the only technique to express the deep concepts of Quran and no other term or lexicon can be replaced; the results of this paper would open the new ways to express unlimited miracles of Divine words. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Familiarization in the Holy Quran based on syntactic deviation (part 29)
Katayun Fallahi Zahra Samadi Massoud BavanpouriDeviation is one of the important findings of formalists that forms the basis of stylistic discussions. They introduced literary language as deviating from the standard language and studied the style accordingly. Although the Holy Quran is not a literary text, but in te MoreDeviation is one of the important findings of formalists that forms the basis of stylistic discussions. They introduced literary language as deviating from the standard language and studied the style accordingly. Although the Holy Quran is not a literary text, but in terms of lexical, linguistic and rhetorical, it is considered a wonderful miracle that its study based on new perspectives can be a solution to achieve new findings. The present study seeks to examine the twenty-ninth part of the Holy Quran from the perspective of syntactic deviation using the analytical-inferential method. Findings indicate that syntactic deviation is represented in the form of presentation and delay, with the aim of highlighting a part of speech, omission with the aim of brevity and aesthetics, attention with the aim of aesthetics of speech and conceptualization, and repetition, due to emphasis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Expressing the components of ignorance from the Quranic verses’s Viewpoint
Islam Zahrabi Asl Gelareh Amiri Soheila PayanThe word "ignorance" is mentioned in four Medina chapters of the Holy Quran. The humanizing school of Islam confronted the habits, rules, false beliefs and deviations of the society of that day and interpreted it as ignorance. Ignorance cannot be considered mere ignoran MoreThe word "ignorance" is mentioned in four Medina chapters of the Holy Quran. The humanizing school of Islam confronted the habits, rules, false beliefs and deviations of the society of that day and interpreted it as ignorance. Ignorance cannot be considered mere ignorance of science, but ignorance has a broader meaning that includes violence, lack of attention to science, tyranny, selfishness and .... According to the Qur'an, ignorance can be divided into two parts, the first and modern. The first ignorance has components such as suspicion of ignorance, the tower of ignorance, the protection of ignorance and the ruling of ignorance. After this period, another ignorance began with relatively similar components that continues to the present day, which is called modern ignorance. The present study has explained the components of ignorance by reflecting on the verses of the Qur'an, the opinions of the commentators, and so on. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - بررسی رضایتمندی بازدیدکنندگان از عناصر آمیخته بازاریابی گردشگری برج میلاد
امیر خانلری فاطمه باقری ناصر عبدی -
Open Access Article
29 - ارزیابی عوامل موثر بر گردشگری برجهای شهری (مطالعه موردی: برج میلاد تهران)
حسین حاتمی نژاد زهرا کاتب ازگمی سمیه سادات موسوی -
Open Access Article
30 - A Study of the Role of Thinking Rooms in Obama’s Decision-Making about the Nuclear Plan of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Reza Haghshenas Gorgabi Hossein Ahmadi Mohamad Ali BasiriThe purpose of the present study is to explain the role of thinking rooms in Obama’s decision-making about the Islamic Republic of Iran’s nuclear plan. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the results indicated that since thinking rooms as non-off MoreThe purpose of the present study is to explain the role of thinking rooms in Obama’s decision-making about the Islamic Republic of Iran’s nuclear plan. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the results indicated that since thinking rooms as non-official organizations in the USA affect decision-making in that country, we can explain changes in Obama’s policies about Iran’s nuclear plan with respect to the decision-making theory, especially the organizational model. During the presidency of Obama, his foreign policy in terms of Iran’s nuclear plan consisted of 2 stages: the first stage of consensus-building for Iran’s maximum sanctions; and the second stage of negotiation and peace with Iran. Changing the government in Iran caused them to be able to dissuade Iran from Uranium enrichment and some other nuclear achievements. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - An Assessment of the Performance of Three Mainstream Media (Kayhan, E’temad, and Hamshahri) Regarding JCPOA (2015-2016)
Marzieh Rafati Abdul Ali Ghavam Khalil Mirzaiee Zahra Kharazi Mohammadvandi AzarThe purpose of the present study is to analyze the news representation of JCPOA from the perspective of three mainstream media (Kayhan, E’temad, and Hamshahri) during 2015 to 2016. The method of the study was qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data by ta MoreThe purpose of the present study is to analyze the news representation of JCPOA from the perspective of three mainstream media (Kayhan, E’temad, and Hamshahri) during 2015 to 2016. The method of the study was qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data by targeted sampling of 300 pieces of news related to “JCPOA” using SPSS. The results showed that despite the importance of “JCPOA”, this term has not frequently and conspicuously been used in the headlines of the above newspapers; and has only been mentioned in economic and political contexts, regardless of its various aspects. Although the impartiality of the media has been emphasized, the above newspapers have adopted a biased approach towards “JCPOA”. On the other hand, news coverage by the above newspapers and their approach to “JCPOA” has not usually been analytical but more inclined to hard news and informational rather than educational and guiding approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - The U.S Foreign Policy against Iran during the Presidency of Obama and Trump (Based on Mearsheimer's Offensive Realism and Walitz's Defensive Realism)
Hasan Abediny koshkuieh Hossein Masoudnia Mahnaz GoodarziThe purpose of the present research is to explain and clarify the factors and components effective on the U.S foreign policy against Iran during the presidency of Obama and Trump as a period replete with fluctuations. The research method was descriptive-analytic with re MoreThe purpose of the present research is to explain and clarify the factors and components effective on the U.S foreign policy against Iran during the presidency of Obama and Trump as a period replete with fluctuations. The research method was descriptive-analytic with respect to the systematic review of Obama's and Trump's behavior based on defensive and offensive realism. The U.S foreign policy would be explained based on its security approach to Iran's nuclear activities and regional behaviors involving components such as the character of Arabic-Hebraic lobbies and cabinet members. Obama's foreign policy against Iran relying on the approach of interaction and pressure (intelligent power) was successful whereas Trump's foreign policy failed with respect to its offensive nature and the gap among western countries. Therefore, it can be concluded that both of the presidents attempted to challenge the Islamic Republic of Iran's interests by creating political and economic crises and military threats in internal and external aspects. Obama could restrain Iran's nuclear activities by reaching a nuclear agreement but Trump by withdrawing the nuclear deal, not only could not sustain Obama's achievements but also almost failed to restrain Iran to provide the U.S national interests. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Nitro Zeus, a confrontation between America's international policies and the Islamic Republic's sovereignty model after a half century of challenge
reza jalali ali akbar amini amirhossein zarei mahmod abadiThe purpose of the present study is to analyze opposing policies of Iran and the US, particularly in the four decades after the Islamic Revolution of Iran. The research method is descriptive and analytical, and the data were gathered with a library method. The results i MoreThe purpose of the present study is to analyze opposing policies of Iran and the US, particularly in the four decades after the Islamic Revolution of Iran. The research method is descriptive and analytical, and the data were gathered with a library method. The results indicated that a military confrontation with the Islamic Republic of Iran is extremely strenuous and costly, and the United States know it for sure that the abandonment of sovereignty in Iran is impossible even with a nuclear attack by them, unless it is accompanied by people and physical presence on Iran's soil. Iranians have unique identities, as they become united in difficulty, and no alternative can be envisaged for this unique historical sovereignty coalesced with Islamism, Iranianism together with their ethnic and racial identity in Iran. The only way is to accept the absolute sovereignty of the Islamic Republic of Iran on the basis of absolute Guardianship of Islamic Jurist; that is, both parties, particularly the United States, should live up to international rules and treaties, which in turn leads to a constructive and mutual interaction between both parties in the long run. Inclusive confrontation with Iran, ranging from nuclear attack to Nitro Zeus, no matter how strong they are, are not sufficient for an encounter with Iran. And, since there is no alternative to this model of sovereignty given the complex and multilayered identity of Iranian culture, it is evident that compliance with the new global order and embracing Iran is the only solution for putting an end to this challenge from the last half century. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Formative Tricks in the Story of “Bivatan” written by Reza Amirkhani
Manige Farajian Mohtaram Ali Dehghan Ayyoub KoushanFocusing on form and high lighting it has changed in to an advantage for postmodernist authors. The meaning of Form in this trend refers to the format of stating or meaning making method. In this style all the preperations that are at the service MoreFocusing on form and high lighting it has changed in to an advantage for postmodernist authors. The meaning of Form in this trend refers to the format of stating or meaning making method. In this style all the preperations that are at the service of developing a new and original form of representing meaning are considered as the inner aspect of the form and the way words are written on the paper، playing with words، repetition and so on are considered as the outer aspect of the form. Focusing on the outer form sometimes causes the writer to tend to words the formation with an inexcusable excess and to fail to express meaning. Therefore in contemporary criticism، the study and analysis of technics of innovations that theauthor uses for postmodernism meaning making uses for postmodernism meaning making have been at the center of attention.The purpose of this article is to examine the innovative semantic tricks in Amirkhani's "Bivatan". Based on this, recognizing the type of forms and novel forms used in “bivatan” and their effects on the meaning and deepening of content have been the main questions of this research. Examining the elements of the forms and analyzing their roles in highlighting the themes of the story shows that Amirkhani's method was not merely apparent modernization, and he gave a special and thought-provoking depth to the content of the text by dynamically defamiliarizing and highlighting the form. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - An Introduction to the Most Important Stylistic Features of Fayz Kashani's Sonnets
firoozeh yazdanpanah Mohammad yosof nayyeriOne of the most remarkable fields of Persian literature is mystical literature which has a very strong background and comprises a large part of our literature. An analytical study of the works in the fields of Sufism and Mysticism is required in order to understand thei MoreOne of the most remarkable fields of Persian literature is mystical literature which has a very strong background and comprises a large part of our literature. An analytical study of the works in the fields of Sufism and Mysticism is required in order to understand their status in different eras and places as well as the stages of their evolution. Molla Mohsen Fayz Kashani is a very prominent and influential poet of the Safavid era, to whom, more than 200 works of poetry are attributed. This great scholar and mystic has a book of poetry containing around twelve thousand verses. The aim of this paper is to study Kashani's sonnets from a stylistic point of view. For this purpose, the final five hundred sonnets of Kashani’s book of sonnets will be examined separately from textual, semantic and literary aspects. It is worth pointing out that there are some rhetorical and structural features in this poet's sonnets which can be described as Kashani’s stylistic features, and will be discussed in detail in this article. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - The Analysis of Temporal Deviation in Ghazaleh Alizadeh’s Collection of Short Stories, With Ghazaleh to Nowhere
Masoumeh Zare Kohan Azar DaneshgarDeviation from the normal standards of a language is a technique of foregrounding the discourse that is used by the literati. Deviation is a benchmark for evaluating the literary aesthetics. It also consists of the use of the terms and structures that are not common tod MoreDeviation from the normal standards of a language is a technique of foregrounding the discourse that is used by the literati. Deviation is a benchmark for evaluating the literary aesthetics. It also consists of the use of the terms and structures that are not common today, and has different types such as phonological deviation, typographical deviation, temporal deviation, etc. This paper attempts to study the temporal deviation (archaism) in Ghazaleh Alizadeh’s With Ghazaleh to Nowhere .Temporal deviation consists of lexical and syntactic types. The results of the study show that the writer has used the temporal deviation in her stories by using archaic and low frequency words, old names of jobs, poetic borrowing, proverbs, old forms of verbs, deletion of verbs, adjective forms, alliteration and anastrophe. This is a descriptive-analytic study and the researcher has tried to discuss the theoretical underpinnings as well as the writer’s style in the use of temporal deviation. Manuscript profile -
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37 - The Lexical Norm Deviation in the Poems of Manouchehr Atashi
Mahboube Besmel -
Open Access Article
38 - مقایسه ساختاری و عملکردی مغز در سه گروه افراد با سطوح مختلف خلاقیت
داود معنوی پور آپامه اشرفی فر -
Open Access Article
39 - The Polyphonic Narration in the novel 'dafāter al-Warrāq' (Notebooks of the Bookseller) by Jalal Barjas in the light of the theory of 'Mikhail Bakhtin'
Majid Salehbek Maedeh Zohriarab The polyphonic novel is a novel in which we find the disappearance of the narrator in favor of the characters who undertake the process of narration and discourse by themselves and freely express themselves, their thoughts, and their own experiences, and this is w More The polyphonic novel is a novel in which we find the disappearance of the narrator in favor of the characters who undertake the process of narration and discourse by themselves and freely express themselves, their thoughts, and their own experiences, and this is what the critics named the polyphonic narration. We encounter the polyphonic narration in the novels of modern and postmodern literature as a departure from the traditional novel and its characterization by polyphony at different levels. Polyphony and poly-lingual are the most important concepts that Mickhail Bakhtin, the Russian theorist, was looking for. There is no doubt that the polyphonic narrative text is a new type of literary text and has a paramount importance in forming different languages and voices with different cultural and social affiliations and in changing a novel to a play in which the fictional characters interact. Accordingly, this research aims to study the polyphonic narration in the novel 'dafāter al-warrāq' (Notebooks of the Bookseller) by Jalal Barjas, the Jordanian novelist, in the light of Mikhail Bakhtin's theory. While the novel has polyphony feature, the research tries to depict its polyphonic basis through adaptation of polyphony in the text of the novel. Since the topic deserves to explore deeply and focus on its different aspects, this research tries to deals deeper with the polyphony feature of this novel. The approach of the research is that the text of the fictional text of Jalal Barjas includes multiplicity in personalities, consciousness patterns, ideologies, and others things that are among the components of the polyphonic narrative. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - The Comparison of Self-Compassion between Athletes with and without Exposed Exercise Addiction
sahar zarei mahmoud mohebi Zahra salmanThe purpose of this study was to compare self-compassion in athletes with and without exposed exercise addiction. The research method was a descriptive and causal-comparative. The statistical population consisted of the sports team of University of Tehran. Initially, st MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare self-compassion in athletes with and without exposed exercise addiction. The research method was a descriptive and causal-comparative. The statistical population consisted of the sports team of University of Tehran. Initially, status of all students was assessed based on Exercise Addiction Scale (Griffiths et al. 2004), and 25 athletes with exposed (Score 24 or above) and 20 athlete without exposed exercise addiction (Grade 12 or lower) were identified according to guidelines of this scale .In addition, subjects were asked to complete Eating Disorders Scale (Stice et al. 2000) because of their high Comorbidity with exercise addiction. Then five athlete were excluded because of eating disorder symptoms. Finally, 20 athlete with exposed exercise addiction were selected and compared through Self-Compassion Scale (Rice et al. 2011). One way ANOVA results reveled that mean scores of self-compassion characteristic of the students with exposed are significantly lower than students without exposed exercise addiction . The findings of this study indicated the need to consider self-compassion characteristic as a risk factors of exercise addiction phenomenon, and they have many applications in the field of preventive and therapeutic interventions of use behaviors. Manuscript profile -
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41 - The Representation Of Identity Contrast Of “Old Magi” and “Supi” In The Poems Of Hafez On The Basis Of Laclau and Mouffe Discourse Theory and Discourse Semiotic Approach
Mitra Davoudi Mohammad Javad Hejazi Seyed Ali Asghar SoltaniThere are many characters such as Zahed, Sufi, Old Magi and etc, in Hafez poems. The social identity of these chraracters is reppesented in Hafez poems from his point of view. The question of the present study is: what is the social identities of sufi and old magi in Ha MoreThere are many characters such as Zahed, Sufi, Old Magi and etc, in Hafez poems. The social identity of these chraracters is reppesented in Hafez poems from his point of view. The question of the present study is: what is the social identities of sufi and old magi in Hafez poems and which one of these two characters is foregrounded and is considered as the dominan and accepted character and which one is backgrounded and is considered as non – dominant and rejected one. Theoritical framework is based on Laclau and Mouffe discourse theory and discourse semiotic approach by Soltani (2014). According to the pattern of discourse semiotics approch and by analyzing the value signifiers related to "Old Magi" and "Sufi", and by analyzing their signifieds, it is concluded that the Sufi’s identity is a set of negative attributes and Hafez, via the assignment of these negative signifieds to Sufi, has backgranded the Sufi’s character and has considered him as a negative and non-dominant character. On the other hand, by attributing positive signifies to Old Magi, he has foregrounded the identity of the Old Magi and has considered him as a positive or dominant character. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Linguistic foregroundings of child's poetry Mahmoud Kianoush
ramazan bashar seififoregrounding the ways in which plays an important role in distinguishing the artistic creation, Creating great works and Inventing personal styles. This research is the result of this research In order to achieve outstanding lyric poetry of one of the pioneers of child Moreforegrounding the ways in which plays an important role in distinguishing the artistic creation, Creating great works and Inventing personal styles. This research is the result of this research In order to achieve outstanding lyric poetry of one of the pioneers of child poetry in Iran Named Mahmoud Kianoush. Kianoush gives great importance to the structure of poetry He believes that Child poem should be technical and principled. To reach for this purpose, After the introduction, an introduction to the highlight and its practices, Introducing Mahmoud Kianoush and his children's poems, The foregroundings of this great contemporary poet and writer In two parts of the norms of regularity extra and deviation, His childish poems have been analyzed and analyzed This research was conducted in a descriptive-analytical manner and based on library studies The investigations carried out in this paper show that He has used various types of regularity extra and deviation norms to foregrounding the language of his childish poetry. In the meantime, the role of deviations has been noticeable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Investigation Of Semantic norm deviation In Bahmanname Descriptions
mohammad noor ghaedzade khamiri Majid Hajizade maryam gholamreza beigiBahmannameh is of great value in terms of epic style and expression, especially in the field of description, because the description element is one of the criteria for measuring the quality of an epic work and is a means to make the various scenes in epic poetry more ta MoreBahmannameh is of great value in terms of epic style and expression, especially in the field of description, because the description element is one of the criteria for measuring the quality of an epic work and is a means to make the various scenes in epic poetry more tangible. In this work, tools such as simile, metaphor, allowed and irony have been used to express descriptions. These tools are a means of creating poetry and are considered as semantic norm deviation in the study of different types of deviations. Semantic norm deviation, which is one of the methods of highlighting language, is in fact a violation of the characteristics governing the use of words in the standard language. In this article, after giving an introduction about highlighting and its types, an attempt has been made to deal with various types of semantic norm deviations, including its various cases, including similes and metaphors. The research method in this article is descriptive and the data have been reviewed using the content technique in a library manner. The study population is Bahmannameh Hakim Iranshah Ibn Abi Al-Khair edited by Rahim Afifi. The findings of this study show that in the mentioned work in the field of semantic deviation, visualization is more manifested than abstractionism because the epicist tries to depict strange and complex events with a tangible and material expression clearly and explicitly in front of the reader. Another finding of this research is the high frequency of metaphors and metaphors of anthropomorphism. Manuscript profile -
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44 - برجستهسازی در داستان کوتاه «دوباره از همان خیابانها» (اثر بیژن نجدی)
ali taslimi -
Open Access Article
45 - استفاده از واقعیت مجازی و شبکه های عصبی عمیق برای افزایش میزان بهبودی و رضایتمندی بیماران از روند درمان کایروپرکتیک
نونا حلمی گلاره ویسی -
Open Access Article
46 - Foregrounding in Akhavan-Sales’ Poetry
hamid samsaam nazanin sheykh zadehMehdi Akhavan-Sales is no doubt one of the most eminent poets of the post-Nima era. His poetry, in the words of most scholars in the Iranian contemporary literature, is a poetical and artistic blend of the Persian traditional poetry and the neo-Nimaic poetry. Akhavan-Sa MoreMehdi Akhavan-Sales is no doubt one of the most eminent poets of the post-Nima era. His poetry, in the words of most scholars in the Iranian contemporary literature, is a poetical and artistic blend of the Persian traditional poetry and the neo-Nimaic poetry. Akhavan-Sales is the epitome of the generation of poets who are not only committed to the society and its developments but also whose poetry enjoys a unique literary enrichment. He is, indeed, a poet who both minds the literary form and attends closely to the content of his poem. Therefore, many have tried to discover and study the various aspects of Akhavan-Sales’ literature by reading his poetry over and over. Literary criticism, which is considered to be an important field of the modern literature, comprises multiple areas. One is foregrounding, which acts as one form of reading literary works. Foregrounding is the employment of language elements in a manner in which the mode of expression draws attention and is unconventional and non-automatic, rather than automatic. This definition gives a general description of the literary criticism style. In the word of the scholars, foregrounding is realised in two ways: deviation and extra-regularity. Akhavan-Sales’ poetry is replete with both deviation and extra-regularity. Deviation normally includes the levels of phonology, lexis, syntax, and semantics; extra-regularity usually deals with the novel words. In this type of foregrounding, we impose some norms on the conventional language. The reader of this article will get familiar with some of the reasons for Akhavan’s greatness and the secret of his poem’s impressiveness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Checking the norms in the Beyidel Dehlavi’s Quatrains
Abdolreza Modarreszadeh Zainab Khoshvatan Mohammad SalamatianDisfamiliarization, exaggeration, normalization, deviation from the natural form of language and the rules governing the most influential methods of creating a new style in poetry and it is one of the important components for the arrangement of speech and literary richn MoreDisfamiliarization, exaggeration, normalization, deviation from the natural form of language and the rules governing the most influential methods of creating a new style in poetry and it is one of the important components for the arrangement of speech and literary richness because it transforms the language of the criterion and highlighting the language forms. If meta-normality is more novice, it will be more acceptable and the style of the poet will be more personal. Because one of the Indian style features is fresh and imaginative themes. Bidel Dehlavi is one of the poets of this genre with the highest degree of artistic tenderness and creativity in personal style. Bidel’s quatrains are full of imaginative and ingenious literary initiatives. The tendency to use fresh ingredients, novel themes and artistry imagery makes Bidel stretch from the natural language and it create stunning images with its amazing structure. In this article, the normality of the Bidel’s quatrains have been studied in eight lexical, syntactic, phonetic, semantic, dialectal, archaic, and written phrases،we encounter the various types of normality in Bidel, but the most prominent Bildel style attribute is related to syntactic normality is a semantic, lexical, and stylistic form by constructing specific numerical affiliations, new combinations, modern imagery, and algebraic terms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Defamilirazition in naderpours poetry
Mohammad hossein khanmohammadi Anita khaleghiFrom the formalists' point of view the purpose of poetry is to reduce or vanish the signs of being routine, when conveying content. Defamilirization creates foregrounding in a text using deviation and extra regularity. Geoffrey Leech thinks of deviation as a poetry mak MoreFrom the formalists' point of view the purpose of poetry is to reduce or vanish the signs of being routine, when conveying content. Defamilirization creates foregrounding in a text using deviation and extra regularity. Geoffrey Leech thinks of deviation as a poetry making tool and extra regularity as a verse making one. He made a systematic summary of deviation. In his book, A Linguistic Guide to English Poetry (1969), he categorized deviation into eight types, i.e. lexical deviation, grammatical deviation, phonological deviation, graphological deviation, semantic deviation, dialectal deviation, deviation of register and deviation of historical period. Safavi in his " from linguistics to literature: volume II" believes that the dialectal deviation grammatical deviation and phonological deviation are not poetry making tools since they don’t change the content. Here using an analytical posteriori way different deviations have been analyzed in Naderpour poems. We concluded that he has used many deviations among which the period, semantic and grammatical ones have been used more. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - مروری بر مطالعات پیشین بهبود عملکرد انتقال حرارت درون لوله دریافت کننده برج خورشیدی توسط تعبیه المان هایی درون لولههای دریافت کننده
Hadi Farjadmehr Navid Bozorgan Alireza Daneh-Dezfuliمبدلهای حرارتی که بهطور گسترده در حوزههای زیادی از قبیل صنابع نفت و گاز، صنایع شیمیایی، تبرید، تهویه مطبوع، برج های خورشیدی، انرژی زمین گرمایی و ... استفاده میشود، تجهیراتی مهم و حیاطی جهت انتقال حرارت به شمار میروند. مهمترین پارامترها جهت طراحی وبکارگیری مبدل حرا Moreمبدلهای حرارتی که بهطور گسترده در حوزههای زیادی از قبیل صنابع نفت و گاز، صنایع شیمیایی، تبرید، تهویه مطبوع، برج های خورشیدی، انرژی زمین گرمایی و ... استفاده میشود، تجهیراتی مهم و حیاطی جهت انتقال حرارت به شمار میروند. مهمترین پارامترها جهت طراحی وبکارگیری مبدل حرارتی کاهش اندازه و هزینهی آن، ضریب انتقال حرارت و افت فشار یا مقاومت در برابر جریان میباشد. اغلب افزایش ضریب انتقال حرارت، افزایش ضریب اصطکاک جریان و متعاقب آن افزایش افت فشار یا مقاومت در برابر جریان را در پی دارد که این امر باعث کاهش بازدهی سیستم می گردد .اساسی ترین چالش اصلی در طراحی مبدلهای حرارتی کمینه کردن مقاومت در برابر جریان در حین افزایش ضریب انتقال می باشد. بنابراین، ایجاد یک نظریه و روش برای تقویت انتقال حرارت در جریان لوله برای بالا بردن عملکرد مبدل حرارتی ضروری است. اصول تقویت انتقال حرارت در جریان مرکزی لوله برای بهبود یکنواختی دما و کاهش مقاومت در برابر جریان که با تقویت انتقال حرارت در جریان مرزی درون لوله متفاوت است. بدین منظور ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﺛﺮ دوﮔﺎﻧﻪ میدان ﺑﺮ رﻓﺘﺎر ﺗﺮﻣﻮﻫﯿﺪروﻟﯿﮑﯽ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ، از ﻣﻔﻬﻮم کارایی ﮐﻪ در ﺑﺮ دارﻧﺪه ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن اﺛﺮ ﺿﺮﯾﺐ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﺣﺮارت و ﺿﺮﯾﺐ اﺻﻄﮑﺎک جریان اﺳﺖ، جهت انتخاب مبدل های حرارتی کاربرد دارد . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Investigating Parameters Affecting the Performance of Hybrid Cooling Tower in Steam Power Plant
Abbas kosarineia Atheer Abdel-Latif-Al-Doukhi-ZakiOne of the biggest consumers of water is fossil energy plants, and most of this water consumption is in cooling systems. The considered power plant (reference power plant) in this research has a 100 MW unit in full load mode. Cooling towers have a high cooling capacity, MoreOne of the biggest consumers of water is fossil energy plants, and most of this water consumption is in cooling systems. The considered power plant (reference power plant) in this research has a 100 MW unit in full load mode. Cooling towers have a high cooling capacity, but their high-water consumption due to the use of evaporative cooling causes steam to escape from the opening of the tower and be expelled it into the atmosphere. Wet towers provide lower temperatures than dry towers and as a result higher efficiency, but they have high water consumption. In this research, the environmental parameters affecting the compensatory water consumption required by the hybrid cooling towers (wet-dry) are investigated. Using cycle tempo software, simulation has been done to evaluate the performance of hybrid cooling towers in environmental conditions. The comparison of the volume of compensating water in the same cooling cycle, where only the hybrid cooling tower was replaced by the cooling tower, showed that it is possible to reduce the water consumption in the cooling process by 20% by using the hybrid cooling tower. Also, the use of hybrid tower cooling means that the increase in ambient temperature up to 30 degrees does not affect the amount of electricity produced by the power plant, and the amount of electricity produced in the power plant does not change with the increase in air humidity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Salt tectonics of Garmsar basin (north of central Iran)
محسن Pourkermani Mahdi Nazarizadeh M.A GHorbaniEvaporate basin of North and West of Garmsar, tectonically is an east-west graben that located in thenorth border of central Iran back-arc basin. Garmsar fault as the most important tectonic structure ofthe studied area, trending east-west, is accommodated in north of G MoreEvaporate basin of North and West of Garmsar, tectonically is an east-west graben that located in thenorth border of central Iran back-arc basin. Garmsar fault as the most important tectonic structure ofthe studied area, trending east-west, is accommodated in north of Garmsar which declines towards thewest and its trend changes to NW-SE. The mentioned fault is a thrust dipping to the north with leftlateral attitude. Considering fracture system of salt structures in the studied area implies on influencingE-W structural trend of Garmsar thrust on salt structures. Garmsar thrust as the principle structure hasthe most important role in upwards movement of upper Eocene-Oligocene salt mass and taking themto the surface. Outcropped evaporate system imply existing a salt nappe aquifer in north of centralIran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - study of contemporary Persian poetry in contemporary Persian poetry (based on the volume of the poet, Yadallah Royaei)
hojatolah orak Masoud Pakdel Mansoureh Tadayoni Sima Mansoori Poets when leaving the conventional norms, innovate weird tricks in the language and content for the resurrection of their word through defamiliarization to create a relationship with their audience in a new abs large spectrum, and change their normal perception a More Poets when leaving the conventional norms, innovate weird tricks in the language and content for the resurrection of their word through defamiliarization to create a relationship with their audience in a new abs large spectrum, and change their normal perception and call this art resurrection, literary technique. Norm-evading is among the considerable approaches of transforming language as literary material into a poem that is in the mind of the creative group as long as don’t damage the original expression. Leach, the English linguist, considers norm-evading as the tool of poem creativity. The present article tries to investigate and analyze norm-evading in Yadullah Royaii’s poems based on Leach’s eight patterns (the syntactic, periodic, conceptual, wordily, styling, writing, dialectical, and vocal norm-evading) and with an analytic-descriptive method pays to the norm-evading components of Yadullah Royaii’s poems, the volume-oriented poet. The results show Yadullah Royaii, the contemporary poet and reviewer, has used some methods and tricks in this way which include: Balancing (poem melody): any extra-normative type: the conceptual extra-normative and defamiliarization. The predominant aspect in every collection of Royaii’s poems is different compared with other poem collections, and Royaii has benefited more from a part of those tricks depending on the time of composing the poem and the evolution of his linguistic experiences in each one of his poetic collection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Experimental investigation on the effect of resistance projection welding parameters on weld joint torque strength of nut to sheet
Nasrollah Bani mostafa Arab Amir Alinaghizadeh Ali DehghaniNowadays welding is the most important and the most common joining processfor Metals (and sometimes other metals). Among the existing methods for welding, ressistance welding uses heat and pressure simultaneously, In this thesis, effect of the process parameters on tors MoreNowadays welding is the most important and the most common joining processfor Metals (and sometimes other metals). Among the existing methods for welding, ressistance welding uses heat and pressure simultaneously, In this thesis, effect of the process parameters on torsional strength of resistance projection welds in sheet metal and nut with different thickness has been investigated. Welding time, welding current and electrode force are the most important factors affecting the quality of a the weld. The Minitab16 software and response surface method have been used to conduct experiments to find the effect of the above parametrs on torsional strength. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Numerical simulation of flow fluid in cooling pump and investigation of effect of flow behavior on pump structure
gholamhasan salek kouros Nekoufar seyed arash seyed shams taleghaniIn industrial plants such as gas refinery, sustainable production is a top priority. The cooling pump plays an essential role in a gas refinery. If the pump is out of service (and if the replacement pump is not ready), the refinery will be shut down immediately. Therefo MoreIn industrial plants such as gas refinery, sustainable production is a top priority. The cooling pump plays an essential role in a gas refinery. If the pump is out of service (and if the replacement pump is not ready), the refinery will be shut down immediately. Therefore, the sensitivity of this equipment is very critical in terms of operation and process and should be maintained in the shortest possible time. The status of this equipment is monitored regularly using vibration technique. In a period of time, after the vibration analysis, a decision was made to modify the base plate of the pump as well as to reduce the stress; piping arrangement of the pump was redesigned and modified. These modifications resulted in a reduction in vibration rate from 8 mm / s to 5 mm under new conditions. Also, in order to investigate the effect of fluid behavior on pump performance, in a separate project, flow fluid was simulated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD), within the impeller and pump casing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - A Suggestion to Establish the Chronology and Determine the Application of Defensive Architecture Remnants of Mount Ashkawt, Mahmoud Abad (Northwest Iran)
Hamid Amanollahi Mohammad Reza GhadriMount Ashkawt in the northeast of Mahmoudabad town contains extensive archaeological remains that have not been systematically surveyed and no information published about it yet. There are collapsed stone structures probably related to the defensive fortifications of a MoreMount Ashkawt in the northeast of Mahmoudabad town contains extensive archaeological remains that have not been systematically surveyed and no information published about it yet. There are collapsed stone structures probably related to the defensive fortifications of a castle on the west, north, and south sides of the mountain. Further, there are scattered stone structures in the form of low barrows and regular wall bases on top of the mountain. Based on the methods of construction, materials, potsherds, and paleoclimate indicators, the chronology of the site has been established; the architectural remains may be attributed to the Parthian and Sassanid periods according to comparative studies. During a preliminary survey on the remains illegally excavated places by looters, several potsherds including the edge, handle, bottom, and body of the buff ware vessels were found to correlate with the Parthian period. Natural and human factors have changed the structure of Mount Ashkawt and the architectural remains on it over time. Besides, Unauthorized excavations are an important factor that damaged the architectural structures of this large natural-archaeological site. Therefore, cultural heritage officials must pay attention to conservation and management programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - A Reflection on Proving the Real Identity and Historical Content of the Rock Relief of Ardeshir Babakan at Naqsh-e Rajab, Fars
Seyyed Rasool Mousavi HajiWhenever researchers come across a new point concerning Sassanid history, succeed in deciphering an inscription, or discover and understand a new cultural work, they invariably turn to Sassanid relief carvings, which have long been famous and considered valuable sources MoreWhenever researchers come across a new point concerning Sassanid history, succeed in deciphering an inscription, or discover and understand a new cultural work, they invariably turn to Sassanid relief carvings, which have long been famous and considered valuable sources of the Sassanid period. Precious reliefs, which, as authentic criteria, can serve to measure documents obtained from historical and archaeological studies, giving rise to important discoveries and results, represent a large portion of the Sassanid arts, cultural political and religious practices. Since the rise of the Sassanid dynasty is important in the process of Iran's history, it is necessary to clarify the exact status of archaeological findings - especially its rock reliefs be remove their historical content from any ambiguity and darkness. Studies show that (1) The donor of the royal crown to Ardeshir Babakan in one of the reliefs of Naqsh-e Rajab, Fars is none other than Ahura Mazda. Attributing this character to a high priest or any other mortal character has no scientific basis or rationale; (2) The marriage of Ardeshir Babakan with Ardavan V’s daughter and the birth of Shapur I as a result of this marriage, is false, and derived from a folk legend. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - A New Look at the Attribution of the Relief of Rag-i Bibi
Amin Zadehdarvish Sara Benmaran Seyyed Rasool Mousavi HajiIn 2004, a relief was discovered outside of Iranian borders in the far northeast of Afghanistan in a place that was the ancient way to enter the Indian subcontinent. According to the rules and conventions of art in ancient times, as well as the clothing of the main pers MoreIn 2004, a relief was discovered outside of Iranian borders in the far northeast of Afghanistan in a place that was the ancient way to enter the Indian subcontinent. According to the rules and conventions of art in ancient times, as well as the clothing of the main person present in the relief, it was identified as a Sasanian work. The relief was urgently examined and scanned by the French archaeological team present in Afghanistan and also issued in French and English articles in 2005 and 2007, respectively. Because of destroying face and crown of relief, it cannot be confidently attributed to one of the Sassanian kings. However, Francis Grenet believes that this relief belongs to Shapur I. Unfortunately, it is not possible to see and examine the relief up close due to the political and military situation in the area where the relief is located which has been involved in several conflicts between the parties during past years. This study deals with the comprehensive investigation of Rag-i Bibi relief and the comparison of its parts with other Sasanian reliefs, as well as the analysis of the political and cultural background that caused the creation of such a work out of the main centers of Sassanian reliefs of this period. It is concluded that the presence of Bahram II as the hunter King in the center of the relief is probably more correct. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Review of Parthian Bas-Relief of Sar-e Pol-e Zahab
Yaqub MohammadifarThe bas-reliefs are one of the most important materials of archaeologists and experts of art. The bas-reliefs with historical occurrences thematic are at the peak of position in Archaeology. One of the most important ones is the Parthian Sar-e pol-e Zahab bas-relief. Th MoreThe bas-reliefs are one of the most important materials of archaeologists and experts of art. The bas-reliefs with historical occurrences thematic are at the peak of position in Archaeology. One of the most important ones is the Parthian Sar-e pol-e Zahab bas-relief. This bas-relief is well-known 150 years ago through different research. I first study the former opinions and finally perform the results of my studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Stratified Systematic Sampling in Tappeh Borj, Nishabur, Khorāsān
Mohsen Dana Omran Garazhian Hassan Fazeli NashliRegional archaeological survey involves identifying archaeological traces and sites that can provide a good picture about inter and extra cultural relationships in the region. However, systematic sampling involves dividing the survey area into a sampling frame that give MoreRegional archaeological survey involves identifying archaeological traces and sites that can provide a good picture about inter and extra cultural relationships in the region. However, systematic sampling involves dividing the survey area into a sampling frame that gives us details data and information from the sit. Since the Khorāsān area is poorly studied in the prehistoric period, we chose Tappeh Borj which is located near Nishapur for stratified systematic sampling in order to get better understanding about cultural and archaeological characteristics on the site and the region. In the following we will mention the results of typology and classification of archaeological findings. Based on the archaeological evidence, we would argue that there was a local culture in the site because there is no significant correlation with neighboring areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - The Rock Relief of Ashkoft Gol-Gol: a Monument of the Late Assyrian Carving Art
Khodakaram MazaheriThe Assyrian civilization is considered one of the most important Mesopotamia civilizations, which has been known through the efforts of archaeologists, linguists, historians of art history, etc. Among the many arts left over from this civilization, the art of sculpture MoreThe Assyrian civilization is considered one of the most important Mesopotamia civilizations, which has been known through the efforts of archaeologists, linguists, historians of art history, etc. Among the many arts left over from this civilization, the art of sculpture and carving on stone is of great importance; The discovery of dozens of steles and reliefs belonging to this period indicates this. In the course of archaeological investigations in 1972, Professor Louis Vanden Berghe discovered a rock relief belonging to the late Assyrian period in a place called Ashkoft Gol-Gol in the central Poshtkouh region of Lorestan, which is considered a part of Ilam province today. This relief has important artistic, religious, literary and political information related to this period. This article introduces the mentioned cultural monument and examines the studies done on it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Comparison of Language and Symbolic Expression in Pasargad Bas-Reliefs with the Type of Expression in Traditional Iranian-Islamic Architecture
Mahmood Tavousi Mahdi HaghighatbinPre-Islamic Iranian architecture developed in different periods, and with the advent of Islam, a huge transformation took place in it due to the orders of the new religion. Considering the importance of the Persians and their architectural style, this article first expl MorePre-Islamic Iranian architecture developed in different periods, and with the advent of Islam, a huge transformation took place in it due to the orders of the new religion. Considering the importance of the Persians and their architectural style, this article first explains about the Achaemenids and how the empire was formed and the fall of the Persians and the historical period after this empire, and then mentions the characteristics of Pasargad and the reasons for its importance. In the next section, religion and ritual in the Achaemenid period are examined, and then, it studies the motifs and architectural details in the buildings of Pasargad and especially the palaces of Cyrus from the perspective of researchers who have researched in Pasargad. In the following, it describes the influence of Islam on traditional Iranian-Islamic art and architecture and its symbolic aspects, and finally, it compares the symbolic and religious aspects in the architecture of these two periods, especially in their details. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Darvish Ahmad: New Discovery of an Elymaean Rock Relief on the Monar Mountain’s Hillside (Andika-Khuzestan)
Ayoub Soltani Zahra Javadinia Masoud Sadeghi RadThrough investigation, identification and preparation of the registration dossier of ancient sites, a rock relief called Darvish Ahmad was discovered in Andika city in 1394. This relief which belongs to Elymaean base reliefs portrays a banquet scene in which a person wh MoreThrough investigation, identification and preparation of the registration dossier of ancient sites, a rock relief called Darvish Ahmad was discovered in Andika city in 1394. This relief which belongs to Elymaean base reliefs portrays a banquet scene in which a person who has lounged has a cup in his hand. An object which is probably a sword, mace or axe along with a tree has been carved behind him. The rock relief is reminiscent of the Statue of Hercules. The Stylistics of this rock relief is comparable with rock reliefs of Bard-e Bot Kohe Tina, tang-e Sarvak II and IV, Tang-e Zir of Izeh, Sheyvand, Bard-e Gori Jangeh, Sang-e Mahi and Bard e Chozeh. The rock relief is the 9th Elymaean rock relief with a banquet scene in Elymaean territory. Numerous similarities among these rock reliefs, which have been carved on the single rocks near migration routes, distinguish them from other Elymaean rock reliefs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Elymaean’s Ossuary and Relief of Sarhani
Hasan Ali Arab Majid Soroush NiaElymaid’s reliefs have a lot of characters that almost of their known. The new found relief Sarhani discovered in the survey of Ramhormoz region. In this article at first we will present the new found relief of Sarhani, then we study it in subject and style and at MoreElymaid’s reliefs have a lot of characters that almost of their known. The new found relief Sarhani discovered in the survey of Ramhormoz region. In this article at first we will present the new found relief of Sarhani, then we study it in subject and style and at last we present the chronology of that. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - The Neo-Assyrian Relief from Mishkhas, Ilam
Abdolmalek Shanbehzadeh Sajjad AlibaigiSo far little evidence has been found about Assyrian’s campaigns and fighting against native residents of Zagros on the spot. While Assyrian archives and reliefs at neo-Assyrian palaces in north Mesopotamia provide vast information about their fights, campaigns an MoreSo far little evidence has been found about Assyrian’s campaigns and fighting against native residents of Zagros on the spot. While Assyrian archives and reliefs at neo-Assyrian palaces in north Mesopotamia provide vast information about their fights, campaigns and triumphs. Generally speaking, this kind of evidence is so scarcely found in Medes region itself that these new proofs and information can be of great value to add up our knowledge in this case. During visits of two mountaineers in 2009 a rock relief was found in southwest Elam that pictured a person in totally Assyrian costume, hat and gesture. Since there is no inscription it is hard to talk about its creator but due to the close similarities between the reliefs at Shkaft-i Gul Gul with this person it seems this is the same person who is depicted at Shkaft-I Gul Gul and illustrates one of the latest powerful kings of Assyria i.e. Sennacherib, Eserhaddon or Assurbanipal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Military Architecture of Mannaean Period
Hossein Alizadeh Bahman FirouzmandiIn the first half of the first millennium BC, the tribes inhabited in the northwest of Iran formed the Mannaean kingdom. The main reason for the formation of Mannaean government can be said to prevent the continuous attacks of Assyrian kingdom to this area. After the fo MoreIn the first half of the first millennium BC, the tribes inhabited in the northwest of Iran formed the Mannaean kingdom. The main reason for the formation of Mannaean government can be said to prevent the continuous attacks of Assyrian kingdom to this area. After the formation of this state, they attempted to build defensive fortifications around main places and to establish castles in mountainous impassable area. Mannaean castles were built most often from big blocks of stones without mortar. The use of semicircle solid towers and small rectangular rooms as a towers are noticeable characteristics in Mannaean tower building. In addition, in this era, the circle shape plans were preferred so that the cities could have more defensive potentials. In this paper, it is tried to explain the characteristic and important elements of military architecture of Mannaean era. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - کارکردها و کژکارکردهای اجتماعی- روانشناختی خبر در رسانههایجمع
دکتر غلامرضا آذری1 سمانه الساداتهاشمی پور دکتر غلامرضا آذری1 سمانه الساداتهاشمی پور -
Open Access Article
67 - بررسی عوامل مؤثر در گرایش دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی به نماز )مطالعه موردی دانشجویان دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ابهر(
سید محمد کریم حسینی سیدمهدی حسینی -
Open Access Article
68 - شناسایی و رتبه بندی مولفه های اثربخش مربیگری تعاملی در بین مربیان ورزشی
ابریشم رشیدزاده دوان محمد عطایی سید مهدی الوانی ناصر حمیدی -
Open Access Article
69 - Theocracy; Focus of Pondering and Civilization in the Ancient Elamite
hasanali arab kosar sharefinasabElam civilization geographically includes Southwest area of Iran. This civilization that resisted the recurrently attack during several millenniums was finally destroyed by Assyrian Empire Assur Banipal in 646 BC. In this article an attempt was made to study the effect MoreElam civilization geographically includes Southwest area of Iran. This civilization that resisted the recurrently attack during several millenniums was finally destroyed by Assyrian Empire Assur Banipal in 646 BC. In this article an attempt was made to study the effect of religion on Elamite art and culture and people life, based on an archaeological remains and pieces of evidence found in southwest Iran, Elamite teritory. In order to recognize the importance of religion to Elam people and the possible influence of their neighbor countries. first, we study religion in Elam. then in order to understated archaeological remains better, some points will be made about religious ceremonies. Also a number of Elamite main religion centers have been mentioned and some pointes have been made about the impact of Elamite religion on the formation and evolution of arts such as music, sculpture, architecture, base on relief. Finally, it will be evident that religion as an important part of people’s life has had a direct impact on the formation, and development of Elam: culture; that without religion, perhaps Elam civilization would have never progressed so much. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Investigating the shape and function of Tehran’s Hesar during the Qajar period
احمد مسجدجامعی reza shabaniFrom a historical point of view, the Hesar is an interconnected set of walls, gates, towers and ditches that play the defensive function and protect the city's main environment. Until the advent of the modern world and the collapse of the Hesar, it was thought that it w MoreFrom a historical point of view, the Hesar is an interconnected set of walls, gates, towers and ditches that play the defensive function and protect the city's main environment. Until the advent of the modern world and the collapse of the Hesar, it was thought that it would deprive cities of security. Accordingly, most of the cities were within a strong Hesar, and they were repaired from time to time. Tehran’s Hesar was built by the Shah Tahmasb Safavid’s order in 961 AH, and 323 years later, 1284 AH, was destroyed by Nasser al-Din Shah. In the same year, the construction of a new Hesar was began. During the reign of Reza Shah, with the leadership of Karim Agha Bouzarjomehri, the mayor of Tehran, the Hesar was destroyed in order to develop the city. The issue of this article is to study the shape of Tehran's Hesar such as wall area and strength condition, tower and fortification, use of gates and its aesthetic theme in Qajar architecture, ditch dimensions and its function in the Qajar period. The importance of this article is that in the studies of Tehranology, little attention has been paid to the formal issue of the Hesar, while one of the main features of the city of Tehran, for which it created the capability of the capital, was the fence. This research was formed in response to this question: What was the shape and function of Tehran’ Hesar during the Qajar period? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Theocracy; Focus of Pondering and Civilization in the Ancient Elamite
Hasanali arab Kosar sharifi nasabElam civilization geographically includes Southwest area of Iran. This civilization that resisted the recurrently attack during several millenniums was finally destroyed by Assyrian Empire Assur Banipal in 646 BC. In this article an attempt was made to study the effect MoreElam civilization geographically includes Southwest area of Iran. This civilization that resisted the recurrently attack during several millenniums was finally destroyed by Assyrian Empire Assur Banipal in 646 BC. In this article an attempt was made to study the effect of religion on Elamite art and culture and people life, based on an archaeological remains and pieces of evidence found in southwest Iran, Elamite teritory. In order to recognize the importance of religion to Elam people and the possible influence of their neighbor countries. first, we study religion in Elam. then in order to understated archaeological remains better, some points will be made about religious ceremonies. Also a number of Elamite main religion centers have been mentioned and some pointes have been made about the impact of Elamite religion on the formation and evolution of arts such as music, sculpture, architecture, base on relief. Finally, it will be evident that religion as an important part of people’s life has had a direct impact on the formation, and development of Elam: culture; that without religion, perhaps Elam civilization would have never progressed so much. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Examining the Policy and Performance of the Rouhani Government on the Nuclear Issue with Emphasis on the JCPOA Debate
Habib Mirali farzad navidi nia -
Open Access Article
73 - The Impact of Horror on Violence, Horror and Violence in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Shahram Ahmadpour Parviz Ahadi Yosef Farhang Firoz RadThe current research aims to investigate the impact of Pabarja programming on information technology, aerospace technology and biotechnology in the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this research, the policy making tool of Pabarja programming has been used as post-programmin MoreThe current research aims to investigate the impact of Pabarja programming on information technology, aerospace technology and biotechnology in the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this research, the policy making tool of Pabarja programming has been used as post-programming methods. The fields of information technology, aerospace technology, and biological technology have been the studied examples. Developmental policy documents in these three areas have been analyzed. Based on the results, the policies were divided into four categories: very strong, strong, partially strong, and non-strong. Instrumental policies in the country's technological development documents were compared in three studied fields. Based on the results of the information technology document, it is more durable than the other two documents, and the bio-technology document has the lowest degree of durability. In the bio-technological document, not only the level of persistence is low, but they also do not have correlation with each other, and the things that were important in the document have less persistence. The comparison between dependence on technological fields and dependence on scenarios shows that policies are more dependent on scenarios than on technological fields. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Semiotic analysis of cultural - social values of foreign cartoons aired on TV 5, in 1384-1393
Ali Akbar Kord Mehran SamadiThis study is the semiotic analysis of cultural - social values of foreign cartoons aired on TV 5, in 1384-1393. In this study, the sampling "Delphi" is used to select the sample. So that from among 117 films aired on TV 5 (biomarkers as population) with a survey from 5 MoreThis study is the semiotic analysis of cultural - social values of foreign cartoons aired on TV 5, in 1384-1393. In this study, the sampling "Delphi" is used to select the sample. So that from among 117 films aired on TV 5 (biomarkers as population) with a survey from 5 experts of cinema and television about valuable animations (in period of 1384 to 1393), 10 videos (each year a film) were selected for study. Cartoons were selected from three continents: America, Europe and Asia as statistical samples. From a total of 212 frequencies detected in samples by American cartoons, “the benefactor” with 42frequency(20 %) and 946 seconds (23%), “universalism” with 39 frequency (18%) and 742 (18%), and “security” with 32 frequency (15%) and 588 seconds (14%) are three outstanding values that have been played by channel 5 from1384 to 1393. While a total of 53 frequency of cartoons in European statistical sample, the "benevolence" with 15 frequency (28%) and 234 seconds (27%), "tradition" with 15 frequency (28%) and 169 seconds (19%) and “universalism” with frequency (13%) and 153 seconds (18%) have the outstanding cultural - social values. The results show that, among social and cultural values of foreign cartoons, the value of "benefactor" with 63 frequency (21%), "universalism" with 52 frequency (18%), "security" with 41 frequency (14%), "tradition" with 30 frequency (11%), "power", with 24 frequency "other values" and "independence" with 23 frequency and each equal to (8% ), "progress" with 23 frequency (5%), “motivation” with 10 frequency(3%), “pleasure seeking” with 7 frequency (2%) and “conformity” with 5 frequency (2%) are in the subsequent social-cultural values, that were featured in foreign cartoons. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - The analysis and comparison of the contents of inscriptions of the graves in Behesht-e-Zahra cemetery in Tehran in two decades with the emphasis on outstanding values
Reza Pour Naserani Neda SuleimaniCemeteries are places that can describe customs, traditions and culture of societies by kind of mourning in the funeral, the method of encountering to the death phenomenon and inscriptions of the graves. The emergence of mourning customs, music, sounds of mourning, shap MoreCemeteries are places that can describe customs, traditions and culture of societies by kind of mourning in the funeral, the method of encountering to the death phenomenon and inscriptions of the graves. The emergence of mourning customs, music, sounds of mourning, shapes and ceremonies content and also study on inscriptions and figures on the graves can show kind of attitude and outstanding values of communities. Tombstones are collection of visual and written symptoms. These symptoms can be considered as messages for posterity by looking at public culture. Significant changes in the form and method of landscaping of graves, arrangement of tombstones and statues and inscriptions, pictures and epitaphs express scenes of public culture and community values and even forgotten people which can be widely changed over time that in this research will be considered. Our study location is Behesht-e-Zahra cemetery in Tehran and selection of tombstones which belong to the past two decades. By taking pictures of intended parts, we paid to classification of the graves in written, figurative signs, date of birth and death and other signs carved on rocks and after encoding we reached to final analysis. According to results, by looking at featured traditional values, monuments of the first decade of study (1995-2004) have been made socially and value-oriented by survivors. Whereas monuments of the second decade (2005-2015) have different values and luxury orientations have been highlighted by more individualistic looking in it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - The role of social networks in combating financial corruption (Survey of students' views of Tehran University of Science and Research)
saeed bashiri mahdi saeiToday, cyberspace and social networks have overshadowed all areas of human life and created opportunities such as constant access, interactivity, extra-temporality, learning and speed for societies. Cyberspace has played an important role in improving management, accoun MoreToday, cyberspace and social networks have overshadowed all areas of human life and created opportunities such as constant access, interactivity, extra-temporality, learning and speed for societies. Cyberspace has played an important role in improving management, accountability and transparency, social oversight and improving good governance in communities. Good governance has focused on the development of societies in order to improve the performance of governments in the economic, social, political and managerial fields. One of the important characteristics of good governance is controlling corruption means preventing the abuse of official powers and duties for personal gain. This study aims to investigate the role of social networks in combating financial corruption as one of the important components in the good governance approach. The method of this research is descriptive and survey, in the first part of documentary and library sources and in the survey part, a questionnaire was used. The statistical population used in this research is 389 students of Azad University of Tehran Science and Research Branch and simple random sampling and 17 closed questions in the form of Likert scale and SPSS21 software were used for data analysis. The most important findings of this study indicate that social networks prevent and fight financial corruption by influencing public opinion, highlighting and exposing corruption, strengthening the activities of non-governmental organizations and strengthening transparency and accountability. Conclusion This study shows that social networks play a constructive and effective role in preventing and combating financial corruption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Reformist Discourse Challenges with Non-Islamic Republic of Iran 2013 - 2018
Akram Bay Babak naderpourDialogues are created with the aim of gaining power in the community and require a minimum of shared space to arise in the community. Whenever a discourse attempts to destroy and dismantle competing discourse symbols and challenge its ideological structures, it is disca MoreDialogues are created with the aim of gaining power in the community and require a minimum of shared space to arise in the community. Whenever a discourse attempts to destroy and dismantle competing discourse symbols and challenge its ideological structures, it is discarded from its own circle and driven to another. Therefore, in the present study, the discourse challenges of two political forces in Iran, principled and reformist, as activists of discourse, were investigated in the years 1396-1392. This theory has been chosen as a theoretical framework, due to the subject matter as well as the remarkable ability of Ernestolaquella and Shantal Mouffe to explain socio-political phenomena. The results indicate that competing discourse of reformism is a fundamentalist discourse that uses elements of Exclusion and Foregrounding to design elements in different political domains and intensifies discourse challenges over time and competitively with others. It has done so with the aim of dismantling the rival on the eve of the twelfth presidential election, which ultimately ended with the hegemony of the Reformist-Moderation discourse in 1396 as the rival's semantic defeat. Manuscript profile -
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78 - a
fatemeh nateghi امیر مسعود امیرمظاهری reza fazel -
Open Access Article
79 - a
علی دارابی علیرضا نظری ایمان ترکاشوند -
Open Access Article
80 - تاثیر اصلاح صریح و ضمنی خطاها بر نگارش زبان آموزان ایرانی (صحت دستوری)
سعیده آهنگری Farhad Golpourهدف این تحقیق بررسی اثر اصلاح صریح و ضمنی اشکالات بر یادگیری نگارش فراگیران ایرانی در حال یادگیری زبان خارجی میباشد .بدین منظور 64 شرکت کننده از 94 زبان آموز سطوح میانی موسسه زبان فلق رشت انتخاب شدند .جهت سنجش همگن بودنشان، از آنها امتحان تافل گرفته شد. سپس Moreهدف این تحقیق بررسی اثر اصلاح صریح و ضمنی اشکالات بر یادگیری نگارش فراگیران ایرانی در حال یادگیری زبان خارجی میباشد .بدین منظور 64 شرکت کننده از 94 زبان آموز سطوح میانی موسسه زبان فلق رشت انتخاب شدند .جهت سنجش همگن بودنشان، از آنها امتحان تافل گرفته شد. سپس آنها بطور تصادفی در یکی از سه گروه اصلاح صریح ، اصلاح ضمنی و گروه شاهد قرار داده شدند. در طی چهار جلسه انها همراه با محقق فعالیتهای بر پایه شکاف اطلاعاتی را انجام دادند. هنگام ارتکاب اشکالات ساختاری یک گروه توسط محقق اصلاح صریح دریافت کرد،گروه دیگر اصلاح ضمنی دریافت کرد و گروه شاهد اصلاحی دریافت نکرد. آزمون قضاوت دستوری بعنوان پیش آزمون و پس آزمون فوری استفاده شد. نتایج آزمون تی زوج و تحلیل واریانس نشان داد که نمره هر سه گروه در طی این مدت افزایش یافته است، هرچند گروه اصلاح صریح عملکردش بطور قابل ملاحظه ای بهتر از گروه شاهد و اصلاح ضمنی بود. تفاوت بین گروه شاهد و اصلاح ضمنی معنی دار نبود. نتیجه این تحقیق باتوجه به فرضیه های تعادل و توجه قابل توجیه می باشد. برتری اصلاح ضمنی نشان دهنده نقش مفید شواهد منفی در آموزش زبان است وبرای کلاس درس اصلاح صریح در مقابل اصلاح ضمنی گزینه بهتری می باشد. Manuscript profile -
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81 - بافتمند سازی آموزش دستور زبان از طریق آموزش از قبل طراحی شده مبتنی بر معنا و ارایه درونداد برجسته نمایی شده در یک محیط انگلیسی بعنوان زبان خارجی
مجید قلیچیپژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه تاثیر آموزش از قبل طراحی شده مبتنی بر معنا و ارایه درونداد برجسته نمایی شده دریادگیری دانش دستوری دانش آموزان دبیرستانی در ایران بعمل آمد. دو گروه از دانش آموزان پایه اول دبیرستانی پسردر این مطالعه شرکت کردند. به یک گروه آموزش سنتی مبتنی بر توضی Moreپژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه تاثیر آموزش از قبل طراحی شده مبتنی بر معنا و ارایه درونداد برجسته نمایی شده دریادگیری دانش دستوری دانش آموزان دبیرستانی در ایران بعمل آمد. دو گروه از دانش آموزان پایه اول دبیرستانی پسردر این مطالعه شرکت کردند. به یک گروه آموزش سنتی مبتنی بر توضیحات دستوری داده شد و به گروه دیگر دروندادبرجسته نمایی شده و آموزش دستور زبان مبتنی بر بافت و فعالیتهای معنی محور با استفاده از دیالوگ داده شد. نتایجپژوهش نشان داد که آموزش سنتی مبتنی بر توضیحات دستوری آنگونه که در مدارس ایران رایج است تاثیری در(do, does, did) یادگیری افعال کمکی در آزمون تولید نوشتاری نداشت. در عوض، درونداد برجسته نمایی شده وآموزش دستور زبان مبتنی بر بافت و فعالیتهای معنی محور به عملکرد بالای دانش آموزان در آزمون تولید نوشتاریمنجر شد. در پس آزمون تاخیری نیز آموزش دستور زبان مبتنی بر بافت و فعالیتهای معنی محور تاثیرگذار بود اما اینتاثیر به قدر کافی معنی دار نبود که بتوان به استناد آن ادعایی دال بر برتری این نوع آموزش بر حسب پایایی تاثیرمطرح کرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - The Dynamics of Combining Two Formalist Elements of Defamiliarization and Highlighting in Two Lyrical Stories of Shahnameh (Zal and Rudabeh, Bijan and Manijeh)
Mitra Bighami Maryam Jafari Gholamabbas ZakeriAlthough the formalists' theoretical emphasis on literature and literary arrangements used in the text does not negate the importance of the content, it indicates the central points through which the literary text is separated from other works. The present article tries MoreAlthough the formalists' theoretical emphasis on literature and literary arrangements used in the text does not negate the importance of the content, it indicates the central points through which the literary text is separated from other works. The present article tries to examine the applications of the two main formalist arrays in the two stories of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. The attribution of the Shahnameh to the "epic" genre has never been questioned, but this does not mean that a text of such magnitude, which has a variety of content features, is devoid of lyrical themes. Among these stories, the focus of this article is on "Zal and Rudabeh" and "Bijan and Manijeh". The goal is to discover and then combine the two important formalist elements of "de-familiarization" and "highlighting". The goal of formalists is, first, to bring about a fundamental change in the automatic and conventional process of language, and, second, to create a shocking interruption. Although the use of formalist arrays, both in the traditional novel form and in the form of arrangements that were later considered by theorists, can be seen throughout the Shahnameh, the frequency of their use in these lyrical stories is higher. The results of the discussion show that the use of such arrangements greatly enhances the attractiveness and literature of the text in terms of the attractiveness of the lyrical aspects. Combining both tricks in the mentioned narrations shows that Ferdowsi was aware of this issue and its capacities. The use of unfamiliar words, the use of indicating /ɑ/ at the end of the shutters, the exaggeration, the de-familiarization of the concept and the lexicon, and the emphasis on narrative are the most important formalistic examples used in these two systems. Also, although the lyrical burden of these two stories has been dominant, but due to their presence in the context of an epic work, some epic words and crafts have been mixed with its narration, which, through strengthening familiarity, de-familiarization and highlighting in them, differentiates them from Creates other Shahnameh stories. Manuscript profile -
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83 - Economic and technical evaluation of ground skidding in the logs exploitation system with Timber Jack and Clark Ranger
farshad keivanbehjo zeynab poorgholiThe purpose of this research is to evaluate the economic (production and cost) and technical (limitations) of current exploitation is to provide suggestions for increasing productivity and reducing forest exploitation costs. This study was carried out in parcel 237 of C MoreThe purpose of this research is to evaluate the economic (production and cost) and technical (limitations) of current exploitation is to provide suggestions for increasing productivity and reducing forest exploitation costs. This study was carried out in parcel 237 of Chafroud, Shanderman watershed. For this purpose, the study of production and cost in the method of skidding system logs using two machines Timber Jack 450C and Clark Ranger 666 BDS was performed. The results of time studies and regression analysis indicate that each turning time of skidding with Timber Jack 450C have the greatest effect on the distance from the skidding distance, winching distance and interaction between skidding distance and skid slope, while each boat time using Clark Ranger 666 the greatest effect is from the interaction between skidding distance and loading volume, the interaction between the skidding distance and the slope of the skid trail and the slope of the winch. The study of the production rate of the two machines showed that the production rate of the Timber jack 450C and Clark Ranger 666 BDS were 22.93m³ and 19.29m³ per hour, respectively. The results of statistical comparisons of production rates and production unit costs in two machines show that there is a significant difference between the two machines (p = 0.04, p = 0.03). In addition, the results of a technical review of two machines suggest that the Timber jack 450C is more efficient than the Clark Ranger 666. Manuscript profile -
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84 - نقش رویدادهای سیاسی در شکل گیری کتیبه ها و نقش برجسته ها در دوره ساسانی
علیرضا احمدی مفرد پروین علم الهدایی -
Open Access Article
85 - تجلی عشق و ایمان زنان مسلمان در حماسه کربلا
آذر کریمی -
Open Access Article
86 - Language and stylistic deviations in the 250 sonnets of Shams
khodabakhsh asadollahi mansour alizadehOne of the flows of literary criticism that emerged during the First World War up to the land region FrmalystHay were Russians. FrmalystHa ZbanShnasanh approach to their literature review. They are looking to find the "Literature" text and discovering the laws of the MoreOne of the flows of literary criticism that emerged during the First World War up to the land region FrmalystHay were Russians. FrmalystHa ZbanShnasanh approach to their literature review. They are looking to find the "Literature" text and discovering the laws of the "Literature" were. It FrmalystHa including RahHayy the "Literature" highlighting text helps that the two conducted by paranormal and QadhAfzayy MyPzyrd. Leach opinions paranormal and makes poetry to create order placed QadhAfzayy. Leach is categorized types of paranormal can be noted in the paranormal dialect and style. In the present study samples of the two types of deviation from the lyrics of Rumi's ghazals in 250 has been examined. The result is that Rumi addressing the deviation dialect and the dialect Khorasani components and stylistic deviation has managed the image of his poems, while creating real art, antiquity and used to remove dust. Manuscript profile -
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87 - Control of a Linear Distillation Column Using Type-2 Fuzzy Method Optimized by Genetic Algorithm
Abbas Asgari Gholam Reza Arab Abbas ChatraeiThe distillation process is important process in the chemical industry and has wide application in industry. Distillation tower is used by chemical engineers as a popular tool to separate materials and is the most common method for separating materials. Keeping constant MoreThe distillation process is important process in the chemical industry and has wide application in industry. Distillation tower is used by chemical engineers as a popular tool to separate materials and is the most common method for separating materials. Keeping constant the product composition in the distillation column is very important from control perspective. Control of these complicated processes need intelligent methods to adopt the appropriate decision for control based on the behavior of the system. Between intelligent methods, fuzzy technique has superior response in complex systems control and so is used in this study. In this article at first, a type-1fuzzy controller is designed for linear model of distillation tower. In design of this Fuzzy controller, genetic algorithm (GA) is used for optimization of fuzzy rules base. It has been shown that the fuzzy controller is better than conventional PI one. Then the type-1 fuzzy controller has been replaced with type-2 fuzzy controller and has been shown that the performance of type-2 is better than type-1 in various points of view. In this study, the MATLAB/SIMULINK software has been used for modeling and implementing the proposed methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Effective Visual Saliency Detection Method Using Reduced Color and Texture Features
Masoud khazaee Fadafen Naser Mehrshad Seyyed Mohammad RazaviIn this study, an effective and efficient algorithm for detection a saliency map is presented based on the modeling of the rapid response of the human visual system to changes in the intensity, texture and color. Some cases such as inspiration from performance of human MoreIn this study, an effective and efficient algorithm for detection a saliency map is presented based on the modeling of the rapid response of the human visual system to changes in the intensity, texture and color. Some cases such as inspiration from performance of human visual system, requiring no training, reduce number of image colors, reduce color channels and Proper use of the least texture information in this algorithm have increased its efficiency. In the proposed method in the first step , Due to sensitivity of the human visual system to higher contrast signals, only higher contrast channel has been used to extract the color saliency map, Then the intensity saliency map as well as the texture saliency map are extracted using the intensity component in lab color space using Simple cell computational model of the visual cortex and finally, with the perfect combination of the saliency maps of the color, the intensity, and the texture, object saliency map is obtained. The proposed method and existing methods have been tested on MSRA10K and ECSSD databases. The results of the implementations show that the proposed hybrid algorithm for the detection saliency map using the dominant color and texture features, On the ECSSD database, the mean absolute error, F-measure score and the area under the ROC curve are 0.173, 0.789 and 0.891, respectively, and on the MSRA10K database are 0.178, 0.790 and 0.919, respectively, compared to other models, it indicates better performance of the proposed method than other methods. Manuscript profile -
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89 - Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (BARJAM), the Iranian Nuclear Dossier and the Non-securitization Context of Securitization
فرزاد رستمی masoud naderiAbstract Many theorists in the field of security are of the opinion that Iran does not adhere to the logic of security equation in the region and the world and this has led to political problems for the regional countries and Iran as well. The article by an analytical- MoreAbstract Many theorists in the field of security are of the opinion that Iran does not adhere to the logic of security equation in the region and the world and this has led to political problems for the regional countries and Iran as well. The article by an analytical-explanatory approach intends to examine the major determinants and performance of Islamic Republic of Iran in BARJAM (joint comprehensive plan of action) agreement within the framework of securitization and non-securitization. The present article tries to emphasize on the impact of BARJAM before and after this important agreement. BARJAM with its features led to a considerable change in the position of Islamic Republic of Iran. BARJAM showed Iran's position has been accepted by international community. The Iranian government has placed in the agenda normalization of her relations with West, so that it enables her to reconstruct her position in the region and the world. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - The Explanation of Strategy of Geopolitics of Islamic Republic of Iran in Post Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
mohsen biuck Abdolreza FarajiRad Ezzatollah EzzatiIran’s pursuit of nuclear technology, following the many sanctions imposed by the United Nations Security Council, the European Union and the United States against Iran, targeted national power and reduced Iran’s geopolitical weight. After 12 years of negoti MoreIran’s pursuit of nuclear technology, following the many sanctions imposed by the United Nations Security Council, the European Union and the United States against Iran, targeted national power and reduced Iran’s geopolitical weight. After 12 years of negotiations, with a change in foreign policy mechanisms and tools and adoption of a strategy of deconstruction, perceptions and trust, in the time of 11th government of Iran, Iran negotiated with six world powers in 14th of July 2015, in Vienna, a nuclear agreement achieved. According to the effects and consequences of JCPOA, the purpose of this article is answering these questions: What are the JCPOA geopolitical strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats? What’s Iran’s geopolitical strategy after JCPOA, Presenting swot method, position analyzing, strategic action (space) shows us that Iran is in (so) developmental-aggressive position after JCPOA. So, according to this area, the strategy of Islamic Republic Of Iran was formulated and presented. Manuscript profile -
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91 - The American withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) and the need to re -read its provisions: (The limits of the two sides in a nuclear agreement with the implementation of the theory of bounded rationality)
ali akbar yari alqar ahmad bakhsi somaye hamidiAfter a nuclear deal, that so called as jcpoa, two paradigm (like& dislike) emerged in the public opinion. With U.S withdrawal from this international and formal agreement, second paradigm was developed. The question of this article is: with the withdrawal of the U. MoreAfter a nuclear deal, that so called as jcpoa, two paradigm (like& dislike) emerged in the public opinion. With U.S withdrawal from this international and formal agreement, second paradigm was developed. The question of this article is: with the withdrawal of the U.S from JCPOA, Iran what to do and what s the basis for a step - by – step Irans Duty Reduction of this Agreement? What did the other partners face when they signed the agreement that had many critics on both sides? Two results of the research are: at first Iran and 5+1 faced with many limites when they sigend this document.they do this act based on Herbert Alexander Simon bounded rationality Theory despite their wishes and disagreement of some part of their people. Second, with U.S withdrawal, if the Islamic Republic of Iran considers the reduction of obligation to deal, oppose to its national interests, according to the trigger mechanism, the legal and political capability is to reduce the obligations or return to the conditions of pre deal. This research based on analytical & descriptive method. With the emphasis on documentary decision analysis on the theories of Herbert Simon and Jack Snyder. Manuscript profile -
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92 - The Personality of Donald Trump and its Impact on US Foreign Policy towards JCPA (Based on Ennagram Theory)
Hasan Adediny Koshkoueieh Hossein Masoudnia Mahnaz GoodarziUS foreign policy toward Iran during Donald Trump's presidency began with misread of the nuclear deal, and then withdrew from the JCPA in 8102 to reach a better agreement, violating UN statement 8820 .finally, by unilaterally reinstating sanctions against Iran, as well MoreUS foreign policy toward Iran during Donald Trump's presidency began with misread of the nuclear deal, and then withdrew from the JCPA in 8102 to reach a better agreement, violating UN statement 8820 .finally, by unilaterally reinstating sanctions against Iran, as well as creating preconditions for renegotiation, it pressured other members of the JCPA to withdraw from the agreement.The Trump government chose a win-lose policy over a win-win policy, using the option of maximum pressure and the tools of power instead of diplomatic and peaceful methods. The goal of the Trump administration in reaching a new agreement was a better agreement in the name of its own government with the IslamicRepublic of Iran, which was more influenced by his character than the national interests of the United States. He sought to destroy all the gains of the previous Democratic administration, both internally and externally, by populist rhetoric, corrupting the ruling elites and the American structure. In this article, by analyzing the personality of the US President based on Anagram theory, an attempt has been made to this question is answered how much Trump's personality has caused the US government to pursue its policies towards Iran with an aggressive approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - The United Kingdom and Europe Foreign Policy Discourse Analysis (Laclau and Mouffe Model)
Ahmad Naghibzadeh Fatemeh HamoeiBritain as a European power is always famous for her opposition to deepening integration in Europe and Europeanization. In fact this country is one of the staunchest opposition of converting the European Union into European federation. The observers are of the view that MoreBritain as a European power is always famous for her opposition to deepening integration in Europe and Europeanization. In fact this country is one of the staunchest opposition of converting the European Union into European federation. The observers are of the view that it is only the economic compulsion that has made Britain join the process of integration and this country is having a supra Atlantic outlook. The present paper by taking the help of discourse theory of Laclau and Mouffe wants to identify and analyze the signs (signifier and signified) present in foreign policy discourse of European Union which is articulated by Britain as an important member of the union and also examine the formative discourse atmosphere in order to explain the process of making British and European identity and to make possible the tense approach of Britain foreign policy Manuscript profile -
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94 - بررسی رضایتمندی بازدیدکنندگان از عناصر آمیخته بازاریابی گردشگری برج میلاد
امیر خانلری فاطمه باقری ناصر عبدی -
Open Access Article
95 - ارزیابی عوامل موثر بر گردشگری برجهای شهری (مطالعه موردی: برج میلاد تهران)
حسین حاتمی نژاد زهرا کاتب ازگمی سمیه سادات موسوی -
Open Access Article
96 - بررسی هنرهای تزئینی در معماری دوره اسلامی کجور با تاکید بر برجمقبرهها
شراراه عطایی نیا محمد مرتضایی محمد کلهر -
Open Access Article
97 - Rumi’s Linguistic Changes in Shams Sonnets (Ghazals)
Hojjatollah Bahmani MotlaghPoetry is an incident in language. Poets create innovative constructions by seizing the normal language. In this research, Rumi's linguistic changes in Shams lyrical poems have been analyzed. For this purpose, Shams Tabrizi Sonnets with Kadkani introduction and selectio MorePoetry is an incident in language. Poets create innovative constructions by seizing the normal language. In this research, Rumi's linguistic changes in Shams lyrical poems have been analyzed. For this purpose, Shams Tabrizi Sonnets with Kadkani introduction and selection, were selected as the statistical sample of the research and were studied to identify the instances of linguistic changes which were then classified to two categories: lexical and syntactic changes. Subsequently, the lexical changes were categorized to three classes: structural, phonetic, and semantic. The results show that Rumi has violated the phonetic, morphological, and syntactic rules of the language and has created a novel work. This involvement of Rumi in language has led to: expanding and highlighting the language, and strengthening the musical side of his speech. The abundance of some of these changes is so high that it can be considered a stylistic feature of Rumi's sonnet. Manuscript profile -
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98 - .
hosen hajali lo -
Open Access Article
99 - Hyper Reality in Eulogy: Tarikh Beyhaghi and Divan Farokhi Sistani
Soheyl FattahiJean Baudrillard's theory on hyper reality has been introduced in media science which has been called as hyper reality in literature. Whereas it is absolutely different. Regarding the theory of new age of media, it is possible to perceive, to make, to distribute hyper c MoreJean Baudrillard's theory on hyper reality has been introduced in media science which has been called as hyper reality in literature. Whereas it is absolutely different. Regarding the theory of new age of media, it is possible to perceive, to make, to distribute hyper concept or hyper reality out of truth which is different with itself, it means the truth is shown more than truth. Such theory was hastily distributing to other branches of art, newspaper, taking picture, cinema, psychology, philosophy,.etc and it introduced the different concepts, but it was not been seriously taken in literature. The first eulogy is an issue which is mentioned in measurable literature by which this study tries to compare Hyper Reality and eulogy Manifestation in Tarikh Beyhaghi and Divan Farokhi Sistani due to analytical descriptive approach, to examine hyper reality eulogy or hyper reality of Ghaznavi tribes in these two aforementioned works. Manuscript profile -
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100 - .
Marjan Mokhberiani Mazaher Nikkhah -
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101 - .
yaghob kyanni abdolah rezaee -
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abdolah valipour roghayeh hemmati -
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fereshte naseri -
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104 - Presenting a new model of tower construction based on social sustainability development in Tehran province
Afshin GhorbaniparamThe current research was conducted with the aim of presenting a new model of tower construction based on social sustainability development in Tehran province. In terms of data collection, it is considered as a survey method. In order to collect data, quantitative and qu MoreThe current research was conducted with the aim of presenting a new model of tower construction based on social sustainability development in Tehran province. In terms of data collection, it is considered as a survey method. In order to collect data, quantitative and qualitative methods were used. The statistical population consisted of two groups of specialists, PhD students in architecture and experts living in this city. The sample size was 384 for specialists and 14 for experts. Two methods of cluster sampling and purposive sampling were used. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and interviews with experts. The data analysis method was the use of descriptive statistics indicators and Friedman test using SPSS software. The most important findings of the research indicated that the design of open spaces, art, culture and entertainment in the towers can be effective in promoting interactions, a sense of belonging and avoiding the negative effects of industrial life on residents. Flexible design of towers and removal of structural constraints with solutions such as (strip design of towers, design of atrium, facilitating proper access and installation of open spaces ...) can be effective in sustainable development and enhancing residents' sense of satisfaction. Proper design of roof and ground floor and creating appropriate social-interactive spaces, can play a role in reducing tower problems and creating vitality and public participation and, consequently, sustainable social development. Designing a leisure center and equipping the towers with basic public services (restaurants, shops, kindergartens, hairdressers, supermarkets, clubs, swimming pools ...) is able to create a sense of belonging and interaction, and on the other hand, reduce trips in the city and create social development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Residential Tower Design with Solar Energy Approach in 22 District of Tehran
Afshin Ghorbaniparam alireza jpiry mohammadreza GhorbaniparamToday, with the expansion of cities and migration to metropolises, the needs and problems of urbanization are changing day by day. With the increase of the population and their needs, and the transformation of villas into towers and skyscrapers, and due to the multiplic MoreToday, with the expansion of cities and migration to metropolises, the needs and problems of urbanization are changing day by day. With the increase of the population and their needs, and the transformation of villas into towers and skyscrapers, and due to the multiplicity of units and floors, social interactions in them are distorted and the use of electricity and fossil fuels has increased on the one hand all over the world, due to the existence of problems Because of the excessive consumption of energy and its high economic costs, the use of renewable energy from the sun has become very important to reduce energy consumption.The current research was conducted with the aim of designing a residential tower with solar energy approach in the 22nd district of Tehran. In terms of purpose, it is practical, in terms of analytical descriptive nature, and in terms of data, it is quantitative and qualitative, and energy modeling (simulation) is used. Data collection was done by library and field methods. The results of the current research show energy saving according to the orientation of the building, the volume and overall shape of the building, the placement of internal spaces, the walls of the passage net, shade, the use of the second shell and performing energy calculations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - کانیشناسی، ژئوشیمی و خاستگاه افق بوکسیتی پرمو–تریاس خوشییلاق، جنوب شرق آزادشهر
مریم کیااشکوریان غلامحسین شمعانیان بهنام شفیعی -
Open Access Article
107 - Synthesis and characterization of copper oxide/graphene oxide naanocomposite functionalized with nanoplatinum for efficient adsorption of cefixime antibiotic from aqueous solutions
Payam Arabkhani Arash AsfaramCefixime is one of the most widely used antibiotics in the world that its presence in the environment, even at low concentrations, causes serious health problems. The current study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the efficiency of copper oxide/graphene oxide na MoreCefixime is one of the most widely used antibiotics in the world that its presence in the environment, even at low concentrations, causes serious health problems. The current study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the efficiency of copper oxide/graphene oxide nanocomposite functionalized with nanoplatinum as an efficient nano adsorbent in removing cefixime antibiotic from aqueous solutions. For this purpose, the effect of the main operating variables on the efficiency of the adsorbent in antibiotic removal was studied and optimized with the surface response method. Also, the adsorption behavior was investigated by isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies. The results showed that under optimal conditions, the experimental removal efficiency of cefixime was 99.38±1.25% and the Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity was calculated to be 213.41 mg g-1. Also, thermodynamic studies indicated the adsorption process was spontaneous in nature, endothermic, and reversible. The obtained results showed the potential ability of the presented nanocomposite in removing cefixime from polluted water. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Solubility of carbon dioxide in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate ionic liquid at high pressure
Mojtaba Mirzaei Faezeh Azimi Babak Mokhtarani Ali SharifiThe experimental data of CO2 solubility in the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate [Bmim][NO3] were obtained in the temperature range of 25-60 oC and the pressure up to 4.6 MPa. The adsorption process was studied in a double-walled stainless steel batch rea MoreThe experimental data of CO2 solubility in the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate [Bmim][NO3] were obtained in the temperature range of 25-60 oC and the pressure up to 4.6 MPa. The adsorption process was studied in a double-walled stainless steel batch reactor with the operational capability of bearing pressure up to 10 MPa, which was equipped with a mechanical stirrer, pressure and temperature sensors. By sarting the CO2 adsorption process, the pressure inside the reactor began to drop, and the equilibrium point was when there was no pressure drop within 15 minutes. The findings showed that the solubility of CO2 in [Bmim][NO3] increased with increasing pressure and decreasing temperature. By entering the equilibrium points obtained from the experiments in the Span-Wagner equation of state, the molar volume (Vm) and fugacity (fCO2) were obtained, which were finally used to obtain the Henry's law constants at zero pressure of CO2 (K°H,CO2) in the ionic liquid [Bmim][NO3]. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - مدل فرایند جذب کربن دی اکسید در برجهای آکنده بهوسیلهی محلول 2-آمینو 2-متیل 1-پروپانول
سپهر صدیقی سید رضا سیف محدثی -
Open Access Article
110 - Islamic Jurisprudence's Approach to Modeling
Muhammad Adibi Mehr Gukani Dawud Dadash nejad Sayyed Asghar Musawi -
Open Access Article
111 - Residual Reactive Attachment Disorder in Adolescence
Shahla PakdamanThe goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) or Residual Reactive Attachment Disorder in adolescents. The Adult Attachment Questionnaire (AAQ), Revised Attachment Scale (RAAS), diagnostic systematic interview of Attachment MoreThe goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) or Residual Reactive Attachment Disorder in adolescents. The Adult Attachment Questionnaire (AAQ), Revised Attachment Scale (RAAS), diagnostic systematic interview of Attachment Disorder, and clinical interview about Residual Reactive Attachment Disorder in adolescence were administered to 280 randomly selected public high school students, half male and half female. Results indicated symptoms of either type of the Residual Reactive Attachment Disorder in 10.5% of participants: inhibited (3.5%) and disinhibited (6.8%). Aside from indicating the prevalence of RAD amongst Iranian adolescents, this study also provides new patterns and instruments for clinicians to detect this disorder Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - The mortality salience and self-esteem:an experimental study
Mostafa Mohammadi Nima Ghorbani Abdolhossein AbdollahiThe Terror Management (Greenberg, Pyszczynski, & Solomon, 1986) and Emotional-Processing Mind (Longs, 2004) theoories suggest that the threat of death is the most fundamental and important source of adaptive and maladaptive psychological structures like high and low MoreThe Terror Management (Greenberg, Pyszczynski, & Solomon, 1986) and Emotional-Processing Mind (Longs, 2004) theoories suggest that the threat of death is the most fundamental and important source of adaptive and maladaptive psychological structures like high and low self-esteem. The present research examined the effect of Mortality Salience (MS; Rosenblatt et al., 1989) on self-esteem. A sample of 91 female and 128 male students of TehranUniversity were randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group. The experimental group answered the two questions about MS topic and the control group answered the two questions about Non Mortality Salience topic (Pyszczynski et al., 1999). Then both groups filled out Rosenberg's Self-Esteem scale (Rosenberg, 1965). Findings revealed that the self-esteem of experimental group was significantly higher than control group (P=0.03). Results are discussed based on the role of death in the psychological structure of the individual. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - The Evolution of the Right to Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy for Nations In International Law with Emphasis on (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action)
Parvin Poor saeed Peyman Hakimzade KhoeiNuclear energy has always been of interest to lawyers and politicians in two ways of military use, and peaceful use since its discovery. Not with standing the provisions of the Global Compact on the Prohibition of Local Weapons, the Inalienable Right to Economic Non Dis MoreNuclear energy has always been of interest to lawyers and politicians in two ways of military use, and peaceful use since its discovery. Not with standing the provisions of the Global Compact on the Prohibition of Local Weapons, the Inalienable Right to Economic Non Discrimination The peaceful use of nuclear energy at all Some aspects of the nuclear states and their supporters in recent decades have been addressed through legal interpretations and they have tried to make arrangements and international actions restrict the scope of this right under the pretext of preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons. One of these efforts is the Comprehensive Plan of Action Agreement which has imposed restrictions on Iran's peaceful nuclear programs and activities. The present article examines the concept of the right to peaceful use, its features and international efforts to limit it by emphasizing the provisions of the Comprehensive Plan of Action . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Implementation of the binding resolutions of the Security Council, with an emphasis on Resolution No. 2231 (JCPOA)
Mojtaba Nazif Alireza ZaheriField and Aims: The Security Council, with its political and powerful structure, is one of the pillars of creating and maintaining international order in the current environment. Among the various decisions of this organ, binding resolutions have a special place. Achiev MoreField and Aims: The Security Council, with its political and powerful structure, is one of the pillars of creating and maintaining international order in the current environment. Among the various decisions of this organ, binding resolutions have a special place. Achieving to/ issuing against a chapter seven resolutions is a very powerful motivation among the actors of the international community. But in the final analysis, the way the resolution is implemented in the structure of the international community and the United Nations itself is more important.Method: The present research was conducted using an analytical method.Finding and Conclusion: By examining the practice of the United Nations and especially the practice of the Security Council, it is clear that the implementation of the resolutions of the seventh chapter is highly politicized and affected by the prevailing international atmosphere. Regardless of the impressive impact of these resolutions, experience has shown that in cases where the binding resolution is in conflict with the interests of a permanent member of the Security Council, even assuming the adoption of such a resolution, its implementation by the UN organs seems very unlikel. Resolution 2231, due to the change in the international atmosphere after its adoption, has not been immune from this scourge, and regardless of its binding structure, it seems very weak in the nature of its power to impose obligations and compulsions against the permanent members of the Security Council. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - بررسی مصادیق برجسته ی عدالت قضایی در سیره ی امام علی (ع)
محمد صالح ولیدی -
Open Access Article
116 - Assessing the Relationship Between Internal and External Information Shocks and Investor Behavioral Biases
Maryam Moradi Zahra PourzamaniAbstract Classical economics and the study of financial markets from a normative point of view have their foundations laid in the rationality of economic agents. The main hypothesis revolves around decision making under rationality. on the other hand,investors do not a MoreAbstract Classical economics and the study of financial markets from a normative point of view have their foundations laid in the rationality of economic agents. The main hypothesis revolves around decision making under rationality. on the other hand,investors do not act as if they are rational,the contrary,exhibit many biases that lead to poor investment decisions in specific contexts.These cognitive errors are due to investors’ inability to certainly know market movements for the next periods, which inclines them to make biased decisions.This paper wishes to analyze the behavior of investors from Tehran Stock Exchange to see if they are prone to behavioral bias under the conditions of information shock. To achieve the research goal, data of 106 sample companies were collected in the period 2013-2020 and analyzed by descriptive-correlation analysis using multiple regression test. The results showed that there was only a significant relationship between internal information shock (fundamental changes in institutional ownership) and behavioral bias of investors' Loss aversion and Self-control Bias and no significant relationship was found with other internal and external shocks. Also, there is no significant relationship between internal and external shocks and behavioral bias of Information Salience. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - The reasons of the US withdrawal from JCPOA based on the Neoclassical Realism Perspective
akram salehi mohammadreza dehshiri Rahmat HajiminiehJoint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) is one of the important legal and international events in the international relations history. This international agreement, result of two years formal and intensive negotiations, was signed between Iran and 5+1 countries, in V MoreJoint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) is one of the important legal and international events in the international relations history. This international agreement, result of two years formal and intensive negotiations, was signed between Iran and 5+1 countries, in Vienna. Following the signing of this document, the Security Council resolution 2231 legislated. According to this resolution, previous Security Council sanctions have been canceled and JCPOA signatory countries were forced to implement the commitments which were inserted on it. However, it did not take long time that the new president of America, Donald Trump, revealed his incompatibility with Iran's multilateral international nuclear agreement. Finally, the United States government officially gets out of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action. Therefore, this study tries to answer this question that, what are the reasons of the US withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action? In order to answer this question this hypothesis examined that the US withdrawal of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action can be examined in individual level: Trump characteristics, national: unilateralism approach from the “First America” doctrine and systemic: supporting regional allies and consolidate America's hegemonic position. The research method in this study is descriptive-analytic and the method of data collection is library and internet. The use of neoclassical realism theory to examine the causes of America's exit of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action is the research innovation in the present study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Trump's withdrawal from "JCPOA" and the inefficiency of UN Security Council
morteza nemati zargaranAbstractIran's nuclear program, in the eyes of the West, has the potential to lead to the acquisition of nuclear weapons. Therefore, this program, along with the anti-Westernism of the Islamic Republic, is considered a security threat to the West and especially to the U MoreAbstractIran's nuclear program, in the eyes of the West, has the potential to lead to the acquisition of nuclear weapons. Therefore, this program, along with the anti-Westernism of the Islamic Republic, is considered a security threat to the West and especially to the United States.The West has two general approaches to limiting Iran's nuclear capability: a peaceful solution or punitive measures and military action.US President Barack Obama has accepted a peaceful solution, which is in line with the UN Charter. This view emphasized multilateralism and the role of international organizations. Negotiations between Iran and the six world powers eventually led to the signing of a "Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action " or "JCPOA" agreement. Under the agreement, Iran accepted extensive restrictions of its nuclear program, and instead lifted all UN sanctions, as well as unilateral US and European sanctions. Because the agreement was about international security, the same agreement was passed by the UN Security Council.Trump, the next president of the United States, called "JCPOA" against the national interest and unilaterally withdrew.The question is, what has the Security Council done to violate the UN Security Council? The hypothesis is that the violation of the UN Security Council by the United States is the most serious and clear example of the ineffectiveness of the Security Council in maintaining an agreement on the maintenance of international peace and security. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Investigating the alignment of the political behavior of the Rouhani government with the mechanisms of the International Crisis Group
Mohamed-Ali Raafat Parvizreza Mirlotfi Ahmadreza TaheriAs the Rouhani administration began its nuclear negotiations with the P5+1, disagreements against various issues, in addition to making it difficult to reach an agreement, prolonged the process. Many NGOs and think tanks offered suggestions on nuclear negotiations and r MoreAs the Rouhani administration began its nuclear negotiations with the P5+1, disagreements against various issues, in addition to making it difficult to reach an agreement, prolonged the process. Many NGOs and think tanks offered suggestions on nuclear negotiations and resolving these differences. The International Crisis Group was one of these NGOs that was able to mediate and make recommendations to the parties to the negotiation process and, in the event of a failure of the negotiations, make recommendations that would be reviewed and sometimes accepted by governments, especially the Rouhani administration. Nin Process ultimately led to the Joint Action Plan Agreement (JCPOA) between the parties.This descriptive-explanatory study seeks to answer the question whether there has been coordination with the mechanisms of the International Crisis Group in some strategic decisions of rouhani's government in the domestic and foreign spheres. The resources of this study have been collected in a library. The results show that there is a consistency between the mechanisms and proposals presented by the International Crisis Group and some of the policies and decisions made by rouhani's government. Insistence on accepting some of the JCPOA provisions, such as reducing enrichment volumes, accepting agency inspectors' oversight of nuclear facilities, and some post-JCPOA proposals such as the approval of the F.A.T.F. or prisoner exchanges, etc. This has been in line with the group's recommendations to Rouhani's government. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Analyzing the Humanitarian Consequences of US Sanctions against Iran with an Emphasis on Food Security and Nutrition
Gholamhosein Kordi Mohammad Ali Khosravi Reza Jalali Sousan SafaverdiThis paper examines the humanitarian effects of US sanctions against Iranian from the perspective of food and nutrition security and is to find appropriate answers to the two questions of: What are the signs of the threat to food security in Iran after that Washington i MoreThis paper examines the humanitarian effects of US sanctions against Iranian from the perspective of food and nutrition security and is to find appropriate answers to the two questions of: What are the signs of the threat to food security in Iran after that Washington imposed nuclear sanctions against Tehran? Why and how have the American sanctions against Iran have endangered the food security and nutrition of Iranians? This paper is descriptive-analytical type and applies inferential methodology. The findings, mainly implemented through utilizing reasoning and qualitative analysis under the “Naïve Theory” of Sanctions by Johan Galtung, show that vital humanitarian goods (including food) during the past years have been subject to the laws and regulations of sanctions against Iran, due to the impediment’s sanctions have imposed trade and transportation of goods and international financial exchanges. These restrictions increased the price of food by 200 percent, and the highest has targeted food categories (including vegetables, meat and fruits). The minimum average cost of a healthy diet for an Iranian family is 3 times more than the amount of which an Iranian family can spend on food and tobacco. The percentage of Iranian urban and rural households prone to food insecurity (very high, high and moderate) has also increased between 1396-1398, respectively from 8.84% and 25.17% to 11.2% and 29.2%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - The relations between Iran and the great powers from the perspective of Imam Khamenei's revolutionary diplomacy and the challenges of the JCPOA
Morteza Soveylami حبیب اله ابوالحسن شیرازی shiva jalalpour حامد عامری گلستاندستاوردهای انقلاب اسلامی محدود به ایران و جهان اسلام نیست. ماهیت نظام جمهوری اسلامی همچون ولایتفقیه، ترکیب دین و سیاست، ماندگاری جمهوری اسلامی برای بیش از چهار دهه با توجه به سیاستهای خصمانه اکثر ابرقدرتها بهخصوص آمریکا با نظام ایران، افزایش اقتدار آن و عدم عقبنشین Moreدستاوردهای انقلاب اسلامی محدود به ایران و جهان اسلام نیست. ماهیت نظام جمهوری اسلامی همچون ولایتفقیه، ترکیب دین و سیاست، ماندگاری جمهوری اسلامی برای بیش از چهار دهه با توجه به سیاستهای خصمانه اکثر ابرقدرتها بهخصوص آمریکا با نظام ایران، افزایش اقتدار آن و عدم عقبنشینی نظام از مواضع اصولی خود است، اما برخی دیگر از عملکردها در هر دوره ای تحت تأثیر مسائل زمان و مکان یعنی مقتضیات روز داخلی و جهانی و همچنین با توجه به سیاستها و برنامههای رؤسای جمهور بوده است. در بررسی شاخصهای سیاست خارجی جمهوری اسلامی ایران در سالهای پس از پیروزی انقلاب اسلامی، دیپلماسی اقتدار یا به تعبیری دیگر دیپلماسی انقلابی عملاً مهمترین گفتمان خارجی جمهوری اسلامی ایران را شکل داده است و نقطۀ عزیمت این رویکرد دکترین نه شرقی نه غربی امام خمینی (ره)، معمار کبیر انقلاب اسلامی است. همچنین امام خامنه ای هم با توجه به ضرورت «حفظ جهتگیری و روحیۀ انقلابی و دینی در دیپلماسی» نیازسنجی به باز تعریف الگوی اصیل دیپلماسی ایرانی- اسلامی در دهۀ چهارم انقلاب اسلامی مقابل مفاهیم غربی دیپلماسی را مورد تاکید قرار داده اند. لذا سوال اصلی مقاله این است که محورهای عمده الگوی دیپلماسی از منظر امام خامنهای در روابط ایران و قدرتهای بزرگ چیست؟ فرضیه بدین ترتیب مطرح می شود که محورهای عمده الگوی دیپلماسی از منظر امام خامنهای در روابط ایران و قدرتهای بزرگ بر روی چهار محور «مانور هنرمندانه و قهرمانانه»، «برخورد مبتکرانه»، «عزت، حکمت و مصلحت» و «دیپلماسی انقلابی» استوار است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Anatomy of Nuclear Talks between Iran and America until CPJA (Barjam) and Adoption of Resolution 2231
Habibollah Abolhassan ShiraziAbstract Nuclear deal between Iran and the P5 + 1 in Vienna on 23 June 94 is as a historic day in the history of international relations. The success of nuclear talks between Tehran and the P5 + 1 is example of the importance and stressing on politics and international MoreAbstract Nuclear deal between Iran and the P5 + 1 in Vienna on 23 June 94 is as a historic day in the history of international relations. The success of nuclear talks between Tehran and the P5 + 1 is example of the importance and stressing on politics and international diplomacy and will be the base of stability in the region and can be described this agreement as a victory for diplomacy. After two years of negotiations, long-term agreement between Iran and the P5 + 1 on Iran's nuclear activities and of sanctions was obtained. On 20 July 2015, the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 2231 with a comprehensive program of joint action (Barjam). Security Council resolution allowing the transfer of certain nuclear-related equipment to Iran, change two waterfalls at Fordow and updates to Arak’s reactor. The resolution also authorized transfers of nuclear related activities for the implementation of specific obligations in the Barjam knows permitted. European Council also issued a statement which approved first legal action in the form of written procedures to begin implementation of a comprehensive program of action adopted accordingly. Views on the nuclear deal are different, West described it good and fair deal while Iran believes that this agreement has been made in response to the demands of the nation but the agreement has not recognized by Israel. So that Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has described the agreement as a historic mistake. Persian Gulf countries also have expressed concern that this agreement is an international cover for nuclear activities of Iran. Reactions to this agreement are different and at a time when many countries have welcomed, Israel strongly opposed this and Saudi Arabia have expressed doubts about it. Israel is at the head of the victim of this agreement, Israeli officials believe Iran has achieved great prizes with the agreement that the award of hundreds of billions of dollars and Iran with such an award can continue their hegemony in the region and the world and this is a historic mistake. This paper investigates and analyzes the content of nuclear talks between Iran and America until the Security Council's 2231 resolution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Checking of the Legitimacy of Unilateral US Sanctions after Withdrawal of JCPOA to the United Nations Charter
Seyed Hamid Seyed Taghizadeh Leila Raisi Dezaki Bashir Esmaeili Abstract: On May 18, 1397, the United States withdrew with official "Tramp" announcement of “The nuclear agreement of the P5 + 1 countries with Iran" called "The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action". Subsequently, us department of treasury announced that it More Abstract: On May 18, 1397, the United States withdrew with official "Tramp" announcement of “The nuclear agreement of the P5 + 1 countries with Iran" called "The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action". Subsequently, us department of treasury announced that it will take action Relative to Restore Iran's nuclear sanctions. Now the question is here that how much does this unilateral action by the United States as a member of the United Nations is proportionate to the United Nations Charter and whether is it legitimate According to the Charter or no. On the other hand, in the framework of the hypothesis, it also seems that “Given that unilateral US sanctions violate several clauses of United Nations Charter, these sanctions are not legitimate in accordance with the Charter.” Therefore, in this article, we will attempt to use the descriptive-analytical method to study the dimensions of this subject and test the hypothesis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - The Islamic Republic of Iran's Defensive Action against US Neoconservative Hegemony: From Post JCPOA to 2019
Younes Forouzan Abdolreza Alishahi Majid RafieiAs neo-conservatives entered the White House, many of Barack Obama's policies of democracy, dialogue, and de-escalation replaced policies that actually exacerbated challenges with American rivals. For example, the intensification of economic competition with the People' MoreAs neo-conservatives entered the White House, many of Barack Obama's policies of democracy, dialogue, and de-escalation replaced policies that actually exacerbated challenges with American rivals. For example, the intensification of economic competition with the People's Republic of China, the failure of a strong alliance with the European Union, and ultimately the intensification of challenges with the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this article, the authors seek to answer the question of what is the policy of the Islamic Republic's approaches to US neoconservative threats, especially after Trump's entry into the White House. This article by using analytical-descriptive theory and written and virtual sources try to answer this question. The authors hypothesize that US threats to the Islamic Republic of Iran will never take place in the military dimension, and the findings of the article also show that the Islamic Republic of Iran's defense action against US military threats is based on three major principles. First, The Increasing Power of the Missile and Deterrent System of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Second; the broad coalition of Shiite resistance in the region; Third, the fragile nature of the United States in the region; and Fourth, the bitter experience of US presence in the region, especially Iraq and Afghanistan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Impact of Barjam on Iran's Position in West Asian Equations
Kabak Khabiri Manouchehr MohammadiMultilateral agreements among countries of the world relating to challenging issues it usually leads to the role of the parties in the developments after such agreements. A comprehensive joint action plan had for Iran such a tool decree as long as Iran will be Isolated MoreMultilateral agreements among countries of the world relating to challenging issues it usually leads to the role of the parties in the developments after such agreements. A comprehensive joint action plan had for Iran such a tool decree as long as Iran will be Isolated with effort plan to build nuclear weapons, with this agreement, it became an effective player in international bargaining. The Barjam was more than a decade of tension and ineffective negotiations with the Western side. In the atmosphere of post Barjam, Iran officially entered the economic club and regional and world politics. This article seeks to answer this question that Iran's engagement with the international community in the post Barjam what has influenced the role of the country in West Asia and the world? This paper examines the hypothesis that Iran is in the aftermath of the Barjam exit from a previously controlled position and play as an active actor in regional crisis management and this has led to a shift in the balance of power in the region to the detriment of Saudi Arabia and Turkey. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - A Survey on the Factors Affecting the Exit of the United States from the JCPOA
Mohsen Zamani Seyed Amir NiyakueiAbstract: The American effort to quit the nuclear deal, called JCPOA, was a program Donald Trump had been running since the US presidential election. Eventually, the US government officially announced and resumed sanctions and declared readiness to re-negotiate Iran's w MoreAbstract: The American effort to quit the nuclear deal, called JCPOA, was a program Donald Trump had been running since the US presidential election. Eventually, the US government officially announced and resumed sanctions and declared readiness to re-negotiate Iran's willingness. The main question of the present article is what factors have contributed to the departure of the United States. The hypothesis is as follows: the Trump Foreign Policy Foundations, the persistence of the threatening nature of Iran after the introduction of the common sense between the United States, Israel and Saudi Arabia over the threat of Iran, its interpretation of the role of progress in strengthening the regional presence of Iran and the ignorance Considering this in the context of the internal and external implications, the post action of the Islamic Republic of Iran should be considered as one of the key variables in the decision of Donald Trump on the withdrawal JCPOA of the United States. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - America's Exit from Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action and Turbulence in Iran's economy
Amir Sajedi Sinaz Sajedi SajediMany people and companies make their own financial decisions on the bases of the changing and evolving political developments. In this paper we try to examine two major events, presidential election in the USA and American exit from JCPOA with their effects on the Irani MoreMany people and companies make their own financial decisions on the bases of the changing and evolving political developments. In this paper we try to examine two major events, presidential election in the USA and American exit from JCPOA with their effects on the Iranian economy. For this we shalll use two methods, Multiple GARCH (DCC Model) and Analysis Variance methods. By using DCC model in this work, we show that the volatility spillover of the exchange price (US Dollar in the Free Market) has a direct impact on the overall Tehran Stock Exchange index. And by using of Varyance Analytical method we have shown the severity of this volatility spillover which was measured before and after the US election. As a result of this study one may say that due to Iran's dependency on oil export, any major political development in Iran has great impact on the Iran's economy index. Therefore, in making financial and investment decisions in Iran, all the companies consider the political conditions of the country and also the prediction of any changes in the effects of political developments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - Post JCPA prospect of Iran-Russia gas relations on strategic partnership model
Seyedhassan Mirfakhraei Omid Rahimi Arash SefidiExpeditiously regaining its position on the Energy market, Natural Gas has become a strategic commodity during recent decades. Hence Islamic Republic of Iran and the Russian Federation due to having this divine blessing, have got a special importance in this domain. Tho MoreExpeditiously regaining its position on the Energy market, Natural Gas has become a strategic commodity during recent decades. Hence Islamic Republic of Iran and the Russian Federation due to having this divine blessing, have got a special importance in this domain. Though Iran has not benefited from this strategic commodity in the International fields as expected; The utilization has been just limited to domestic usage. However, signing the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action(JCPA), made new ways for industrial developments and exports ahead of Iran. Alongside the west, one of the key players in this field, is the Russian Federation. Therefore, the question arises that what’s the perspective ahead on the post JCPA Iran-Russia gas relations and in this regard, what are the policy making requirements for strategic partnership? Responsively, considering the increase in gas export capacity from post-JCPA opportunities, the two countries will have a simultaneously competitive and cooperative atmosphere; Meanwhile, the dominance of competition or cooperation depends on the political and security considerations of the two countries on different levels. At the moment the changes in Syria and Ukraine crises have provided a fertile ground for cooperation. Accordingly, the relations have led to the strategic partnership, for preserving and promoting, the respective policy makers should consider some requirements in the document of future perspective for gas policies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - The Status of Iran's Nuclear Program in Israel's Security Doctrine
Hamid Nikoo Morteza SovailamiThe issue of Iran and the Zionist regime can be explained in the framework of the game of zero sum. It means that the existence of this regime is intolerable for the Islamic Republic of Iran and on the other hand, the Zionist regime accused the Islamic Republic of Iran MoreThe issue of Iran and the Zionist regime can be explained in the framework of the game of zero sum. It means that the existence of this regime is intolerable for the Islamic Republic of Iran and on the other hand, the Zionist regime accused the Islamic Republic of Iran as an existential threat to itself for reasons such as using Iran for its missile power and its nuclear program and significant influence in the Islamic world. In this way, this regime will take advantage of the potential and strategic capabilities of the West, including the United States. In this regard, creating a pressure to prevent the development of Iran's nuclear program is the security strategy of this regime. On the other hand, after the "deal" nuclear deal, it was promising that Iran's oil and finance sanctions would be eliminated in exchange for restrictions on nuclear enrichment. On the other hand, after a nuclear deal namely “Barjam”, it was promising that Iran's oil and finance sanctions in exchange for restrictions on nuclear enrichment will be eliminated. This agreement also reflects the consolidation of Iran as the hegemony of the region; an issue that seemed to have been accepted by the United States. But Israeli Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, condemned Iran's nuclear weapons as the worst possible outcome in the current situation. And so the Arab Persian Gulf states felt that they had been abandoned. This article examines the status of Iran's nuclear program in the Zionist security doctrine. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - Nuclear agreement on Iran and Europe relations
Jafar Ghamat Mohammadreza Purghoshchi The relationship between Iran and European countries has a deeply rooted history and has constantly witnessed its ups and downs in different epochs. However, thanks to the recently signed nuclear deal and the ruling administration’s breakthroughs in resolv More The relationship between Iran and European countries has a deeply rooted history and has constantly witnessed its ups and downs in different epochs. However, thanks to the recently signed nuclear deal and the ruling administration’s breakthroughs in resolving Iran’s complex nuclear case, one can anticipate that such mutual ties are set to boom in a wide range of areas as both sides have lots of shared interests. The present study is an attempt to elaborate on the importance of strengthening the relationship between Iran and European Union (EU) member states. It also addresses key questions in the context of the aftermath of the nuclear deal, namely what factors will govern the ties between Iran and the EU and in which direction such cooperation may steer? In which sectors is it possible to identify shared bilateral interests and common grounds and how can they be realized in a constructive and interactive atmosphere? To fathom the nature of ties between Iran and Europe, one has to initially recognize influential factors on the future of these links and then within such framework analyze such a relationship. It seems that in the new era, combined efforts in the domains of energy and energy security, economy and commerce as well as political and security issues come as the main priorities to secure stability in the region. Following the implementation of The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), the framework for expanding such collaboration are explained through the use of pragmatism in international relations theory and analytical methods in this study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - بررسی میزان و چگونگی پوشش اخبار آموزشی در تلویزیون ایران )مطالعه موردی: اخبار 21 شبکه یک ، 30/22 شبکه دو و 13 شبکه خبر سازمان صداو سیما )
اکبر نصراللهی علی اکبر خسروی بابادی مریم عزیزی -
Open Access Article
132 - بررسی تطبیقی بازتاب بیانیه لوزان در روزنامه های شرق و جوان
سید محمد دادگران فاطمه بلوچی -
Open Access Article
133 - بررسی ساختار و محتوی مطالب روزنامه های کثیر الانتشار ایران ،کیهان،اعتماد و شرق در شش ماهه دوم سال 1390 در ارتباط با پلیس
حسن دزیان رستمی علیرضا صالحیان -
Open Access Article
134 - بررسی تطبیقی مطالب انتخابات نهمین دوره مجلس شورای اسلامی در روزنامه کیهان و اعتماد
حسن درزیان رستمی مهری قدیمی -
Open Access Article
135 - بررسی تطبیقی چگونگی انتشار اخبار قومیت های ترک و کرد در سیمای اذربایجان غربی
اکبر نصر الهی معظمه حاجی زاده -
Open Access Article
136 - "Study on the implementation of economic policies and social justice during the eight-year presidency of Hassan Rouhani"
fatemeh jafariyan alireza soltani mojtaba maghsoodi Morteza NabaviThe election contests of 1992 started in a situation where the chaos of the economic conditions under the influence of the policies of the tenth government caused the exchange rate to rise, the inequality increased and inflation was rampant. Analytical and descriptive e MoreThe election contests of 1992 started in a situation where the chaos of the economic conditions under the influence of the policies of the tenth government caused the exchange rate to rise, the inequality increased and inflation was rampant. Analytical and descriptive economic and social policies during the eight-year presidency of Hassan Rouhani from the point of view of the realization of social justice, what the research has reached in its investigation shows that this government, although in its first period, relied on the western approach Garianeh has had temporary successes, but in the end, due to inaction and relying too much on the West, he followed the same path as the Ahmadinejad government, and under the influence of the neoliberal approaches governing Iran's economy, he not only failed to end social inequalities, but also increased these inequalities. From the beginning, this research is trying to answer the question that the approaches and economic conditions in Rouhani's government have had an impact on the field of social justice in Iranian society, and it has followed the hypothesis that the predominance of neoliberal approaches over economic policies will lead to the realization of social justice. In the first Rouhani government, he faced the challenge, in addition to the intensification of economic sanctions and the weakness of economic management, in the second term of the government, the conditions of social justice faced a bigger problem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - Examining the relationship between academic optimism and growthProfessionalism of elementary school teachers in Chahar Borj city
Akbar MemarbashiThe purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between academic optimism and professional growth of elementary school teachers in Chaharborj city. This research was applied research and was done with a descriptive method. The research community include MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between academic optimism and professional growth of elementary school teachers in Chaharborj city. This research was applied research and was done with a descriptive method. The research community included all primary school teachers of Chaharborj city, numbering 284 people (110 women and 174 men). The sample was randomly stratified using Cochran's formula in the number of 163 people (64 women and 99 men). The data collection method was library and field. In order to collect information, in the first part, the academic optimism questionnaire made by Schenen Moran et al. (2013) and has 37 items was used to measure the academic optimism of teachers. In the second part, the 18-question standard questionnaire of teachers' professional development was used. Its validity and reliability (using Cronbach's alpha 76-80%) was confirmed by its designer. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the average and draw tables. To test the hypotheses, parametric inferential statistics (due to the normality of data distribution) and Pearson's correlation coefficient were usedAfter testing the hypotheses and analyzing the findings, the results showed that there is a relationship between academic emphasis, students' trust in their teachers, teacher efficiency and the professional development of elementary school teachers in Chaharborj city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Optimization and active management of Portfolio Using Aunt Colony Algorithm Considering Uncertainty and Robust Programming; Case: Tehran Stock Exchange
mohammad hosein ranjbari vahid seyed jalal sadeghi sharif reza eivazlu mohsen mehraraAbstractBased on Markowitz theory of portfolio optimization, capital market is not predictable by any methods and the risk can only be diversified through portfolio formation and optimization. Recent works made huge developments in the basic model from modeling and risk MoreAbstractBased on Markowitz theory of portfolio optimization, capital market is not predictable by any methods and the risk can only be diversified through portfolio formation and optimization. Recent works made huge developments in the basic model from modeling and risk measures perspectives. Spectral risk measures such as expected shortfall and value at risk are being used frequently as risk measures. In addition, researchers tend to consider uncertainty in risk and return evaluation via fuzzy, stochastic and robust modeling. However, a matter that has been neglected in many researches is portfolio management under uncertainty conditions. This paper propose a method for robust modeling of portfolio optimization and management using expected shortfall as risk measure and Bertsimas modeling as robust programming. The proposed model solved with artificial bee colony algorithm and results show a better performance of proposed model compared to classic methods in both the optimal portfolio formation and its management phase. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Changing in the volatilities of Iran microstructure market by BARJAM
Parinaz JalaIn the recent years, high frequency trading is becoming more popular among financial analysts in Iran. To analyze these data need special methods because of microstructure noise effect. In this study, the goal is assessment of realized volatilities according to the BARJ MoreIn the recent years, high frequency trading is becoming more popular among financial analysts in Iran. To analyze these data need special methods because of microstructure noise effect. In this study, the goal is assessment of realized volatilities according to the BARJAM effect from May to October in 2014 and 2016. This study uses the information about crucial Iran indices: Total index, Bank, Oil Industry Investment, Petrochemical Industry Investment and Automobile Industry indices. To estimate Integrated Matrix using “Pre-averaging” because this approach is able to control the effect of microstructure noise and, “Hayashi-Yoshida” is used to synchronization among indices. Moreover, the price jumps are removed to get more accurate estimator. The study of daily volatilities and their comparison show a positive effect of BARJAM on Total index, Bank and Oil Industry Investment, but there is not noticeable influence in Automobile Industry and Petrochemical Industry Investment. Finally, time series is modeled to forecast the volatility of indices in a short term. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Highlighting the Phases of Phantom and Figures of Speech in Bijan Najdi's Poetry
Ommolbanin Nikkhah Noori Hamid SamsamAbstract Bijan Najdi is one of the committed poets of contemporary era whose works have special structural complexity. His techniques in using the stream of consciousness and changing his view angle have always had effective r MoreAbstract Bijan Najdi is one of the committed poets of contemporary era whose works have special structural complexity. His techniques in using the stream of consciousness and changing his view angle have always had effective reflection on his works. We observe in, in his poetry, a lot of verbal and semantic highlighting such as : repetition, specification, allusion, metaphor, simile and sense-arousing items that have had much impact on the content and style of poems. Najdi has given his poetry a traditional and folkloric color and glaze using his own people's folk tales and ancestors' customs . In this paper, we've surveyed the quality of highlighting in his poetry in descriptive-analytical and librarian methods . Our purpose is that the readers become more familiar with his special secrets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Analysis of the Story " Shahr-e Sangestan " from Akhawan Sales with Formalistic Approach ( Based on Defamiliarization and Accentuation )
Ali AzargoonFormalism was the first stream of thought which emphasized on literary capability of language in creating new meanings and set the literary text itself as the base of research. In this way, the intention of the author and the historical and philosophical background are MoreFormalism was the first stream of thought which emphasized on literary capability of language in creating new meanings and set the literary text itself as the base of research. In this way, the intention of the author and the historical and philosophical background are excluded from the sphere of criticism and studying. Formalists paid attention to the literary details, body and appearance of the literary works. There has been much struggle, in the contemporary period of time, especially after Nima, to find new spaces for creativity and innovation in the lingual domain. To deviate from the norms, the contemporary poets, have experienced lots of ways in literature among them the defamiliarization of Akhawan has added specific accentuation to his poetry.Mahdi Akhawan Sales, is of the poets after Nima who has added new capability to the domain of Persian language. The aim of this research is to study the structure of the poetry " The stories of the Sangestan City " on the formalistic approach based on defamiliarization and accentuation. The results of the study show that Akhawan, in selecting and setting of the words and artistic induction of the words, by utilizing the external concreteness beside the ancient old words in the form of poetry, has endowed special accentuation to it. In this paper, we study the key implication of the word formalism and its story first, and later analyze it through the theory of formalism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - JCPOA impact on policy, regulation and security strategy in the Middle East
sadegh zibakalam MOHSEN ZAMANIOne of the most important and most sensitive issues in the Islamic Republic of Iran's foreign policy and diplomacy on Iran after the incident, undoubtedly the most important controversial nationalization of the oil industry, the Iranian nuclear crisis major world powers MoreOne of the most important and most sensitive issues in the Islamic Republic of Iran's foreign policy and diplomacy on Iran after the incident, undoubtedly the most important controversial nationalization of the oil industry, the Iranian nuclear crisis major world powers, regional nuclear policy Iran equally affected the nuclear activities of Iran's policies of regional and global,policy Iran equally affected the nuclear activities of Iran's policies of regional and global, so that by highlighting the problem of hot and controversial nuclear Iran, especially in recent decades, conflicts units from time to time as the conflict promotes less violent that the among the negative propaganda of the West and some of the Middle East, extreme sensitivity on the issue Iran's nuclear created a tangible impact access and security policies in the Middle East, creates a hostile reaction in the so that by highlighting the problem of hot and controversial nuclear Iran, especially in recent decades, conflicts units from time to time as the conflict promotes less violent that the among the negative propaganda of the West and some of the M actors Al, a significant change in the political climate - not the Middle East security and "the threat of regional hegemony" has replaced nuclear threat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - مسئولیت بین المللی دولت ایالات متحده امریکا از اعمال تحریم های یک جانبه برعلیه جمهوری اسلامی ایران
جعفر حیدرقلی زاده دکتر صمد قائم پناهمسئولیت بین المللی یکی از اساسی ترین نهادهای حقوقی بین المللی است که موجد حق وتکلیف برای اعضای جامعه بین المللی بوده وجزء قواعد اولیه نظام بین المللی محسوب می شود. در مسئولیت بین المللی عمده توجهات به مسئولیت دولتها معطوف استکه زمینه ساز اسقرار حاکمیت قانون در جامعه بین Moreمسئولیت بین المللی یکی از اساسی ترین نهادهای حقوقی بین المللی است که موجد حق وتکلیف برای اعضای جامعه بین المللی بوده وجزء قواعد اولیه نظام بین المللی محسوب می شود. در مسئولیت بین المللی عمده توجهات به مسئولیت دولتها معطوف استکه زمینه ساز اسقرار حاکمیت قانون در جامعه بین المللی می باشد.از این رو، قائل شدن به مسئولیت بین المللی برای دولت ها باعث نظامندی حقوق بین الملل است،دولتها در جامعه بین المللی دارای حاکمیت و صلاحیت می باشند و از آنجا که آنها در جامعه بین المللی زندگی می کنند، بایدحقوق یکدیگر را رعایتنموده و اگر دولتی در اثر رفتار خود موجب ورود خسارت به دیگر تابعان فعال حقوق بین الملل گرددیا یک تعهد بین المللی از سوی یکی از این تابعان نادیده انگاشته وموجبنقض یک تعهد بین المللی شود این تابعانبا مطرح نمودن آن رفتارمی توانند مسئله مسئولیت و نقض یک تعهد بین المللی دولت وارد کنندهخسارت را پیش بکشند.هدف این نوشتار بررسی تحریم هاییک جانبهایالات متحده امریکا برعلیه جمهوری اسلامی ایران و مسئولیت بین المللیقائل شدن به آن دولت می باشد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می دهد که این تحریم ها به طور یک جانبه وخارج از قطعنامه ها و مقررات منشورسازمان ملل متحدوضع شده ومغایربا موازین حقوق بین المللی و حقوق بشری است، همچنین ناقضتوافقات وتعهدات دوجانبه از جمله: عهدنامه مودت 1955، بیانیه الجزایر 1981و موافقتنامه برجام 2016 که موجب ورود خسارت های مادی و معنوی بر جمهوری اسلامی ایران شده است Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - The Relationship between the Mustache Denial Rule and the Borjam Treaty (Interaction or Conflict)
amanollah farid amrollah nikomanesh ali bahraminejadAbstract With the coming to power of the Republican government in the United States in 2017, the United States of America created a new challenge for the parties by unilaterally withdrawing from the BRICS agreement. In this article, the researchers, in view of the hosti MoreAbstract With the coming to power of the Republican government in the United States in 2017, the United States of America created a new challenge for the parties by unilaterally withdrawing from the BRICS agreement. In this article, the researchers, in view of the hostile view of the current US leaders in "normalizing Iran", try to examine the relationship between the rule of denying the mustache with the Barham Treaty and the principle of fidelity to the covenant. This study deals with the views of earlier and later jurists in assuming the issue and considers the adherent to the covenant in Islam conditional on the commitment of the other party, and at the same time interprets the essence of the rule of denying the mustache as denying the tyrant domination as Mousavi Khomeini, Ruhollah and Khamenei, Seyed Ali Iranian leaders agree. Keywords: Barjam, rule, denial of mustache, fidelity to covenant, international law Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - Examining Iran-Europe relations before and after the US withdrawal from JCPOA
yaser kahrazeh Abolfazl ArasetehToday, in the field of international relations, countries of the world, in order to reduce conflicts and disputes, as well as to strengthen exchanges between them, try to establish international agreements in various political, economic, cultural and social fields. The MoreToday, in the field of international relations, countries of the world, in order to reduce conflicts and disputes, as well as to strengthen exchanges between them, try to establish international agreements in various political, economic, cultural and social fields. The Comprehensive Joint Action Plan (CJAP) between Iran and the G5 countries (US, Russia, China, France, Britain and Germany) in Vienna is an example of this agreement. The present study, which is conducted by descriptive-analytical method, seeks to answer the question of what were the relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Europe before and after the withdrawal of the United States from Barjam? The present study has tested the hypothesis that after the approval of Barjam. The political and economic relations of the Islamic Republic of Iran with European countries have enjoyed a relative improvement but because of US sabotage, European relations with Iran have been based on conservatism and fear from the beginning and after the withdrawal of the United States from the Barjam agreement, European countries, with the withdrawal of their capital and economic companies from Iran, as well as the imposition of harsh sanctions, have preferred to follow US policies to adhere to the Barjam agreement. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - امکانسنجی قابلیت برجام به عنوان الگوی حل و فصل اختلافات هستهای
mostafa amiri Homayoun Habibi -
Open Access Article
147 - اتحادیه اروپا،ژئوپلیتیک،پسابرجام،انرژی هسته ای،توازن قدرت.
صمد قائم پناه -
Open Access Article
148 - Animosity towards Rostam and sympathy for Sohrab in order to highlight the discourse of the seventies
Azam Nikkhah Fardaghi samira bameshkiIn addition to its various missions, literature is also responsible for social prophecy. The creators of literary works view social political context of their time and are influenced by them. Sometimes they are for and at times they are against the events th MoreIn addition to its various missions, literature is also responsible for social prophecy. The creators of literary works view social political context of their time and are influenced by them. Sometimes they are for and at times they are against the events that take place around them. They show and represent their standpoint in variety of ways using different elements in their works. Calling forth epic mythological characters in novels is one of the elements that help authors achieve their ends. Certain novelists depending on the favorable or unfavorable position they adopt, invite such characters not only to represent infra textual discourses but also to reinforce or weaken some dominant political social context discourses. The present article seeks to find the answer to this question that how and why the author of Sohrabkoshan calls the epic characters to his work? The results obtained by using the content analysis method show that the author brings the epic characters in his novel in order to weaken and marginalize the rival’s discourse and hence highlight certain dominant discourse of his time. In other words, the author who is one of the activists in the social political context and is also a proponent of the dominant discourse by calling characters such as Sohrab and Rostam to his novel and by the transformation of their acts in the first place represent some intellectual foundations of discourses of his time, namely the discourses and type of approaches regarding women and the youth, and in the second place highlight the intellectual foundation of the discourse he had in mind that is reform, is accentuated to the point that he could marginalize rival’s discourse. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - Masnavi Mowlavi and Astronomy
Omidvar MaalmaliStudying the circumstances under which sciences in the 7th and 8th century A. H developed, one notices the improvement and development of logical sciences and astronomy alongside rhetorical sciences and one finds out that among the shining stars in the MoreStudying the circumstances under which sciences in the 7th and 8th century A. H developed, one notices the improvement and development of logical sciences and astronomy alongside rhetorical sciences and one finds out that among the shining stars in the realm of Persian Literature, Mowlavi is the eternal poet of all times. This article familiarizes the reader with Mowlavi’s extrovert thoughts, astronomy, astronomical devices, atmospheric phenomena, siding with the stars, omen, sinister, heavens, stars and constellations in Masnavi. Manuscript profile
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