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Open Access Article
1 - A Critique of neo- Classical Community Indifference Curve
اکبر NafariNeo- classical economists think there exists a social consensus among Individuals of society about what to be produced. Moreover, in order to draw community indifference curves, neo-classical economists assume that aggregate demand is independent of income distribution MoreNeo- classical economists think there exists a social consensus among Individuals of society about what to be produced. Moreover, in order to draw community indifference curves, neo-classical economists assume that aggregate demand is independent of income distribution and individuals have identical tastes. In this paper we discuss that aggregate demand is not Independent of income distribution and individuals have different tastes. In other words, individuals have non- homothetic and non- identical preferences. In this situation, indifference curves do not exist. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Utilizes the Community Detection for Increase Trust using Multiplex Networks
Rahimeh Habibi Ali Haroun Abadi -
Open Access Article
3 - The Ethnography of women`s Audiences of the Seri of Omre Gol Lale»
سمانه مهرپرورIn this Article the way of female audiences’ perception and analysis of watching “Omer Gol Laleh” series is studied. There are three main questions that the study answered to: “what are the female audience’s reasons and motivations of watch MoreIn this Article the way of female audiences’ perception and analysis of watching “Omer Gol Laleh” series is studied. There are three main questions that the study answered to: “what are the female audience’s reasons and motivations of watching the "Omer Gol Laleh" series?”,“What is the female audience’s perception of the text of this series?” to Answer these questions the theories of “Perception”, “Active audiences”, “Media consumption and daily life”, “Community concept” and “Ritualization of society” is used. To study the audiences’ sociological behaviors and watching patterns, the “qualitative research” method and “depth interview” technique is used. The statistic sample of this research consists of 20 persons from the 20to 50 years-old- female audiences. The results show that the audiences chose this serial with different reasons such as becoming calm, escaping from difficulties, entertaining, and getting familiar with other cultures. According to their daily habits, Female audiences have different perception from this series. Constant watching of this series has made some opportunities to them to talk to each other about the series. Female audiences, with the help of the stories’ characteristics, released from their routine life and entered to an ideal one. Cooperating with the ideal life of the story is enjoyable for the female audiences. The imagination that exists in this series entered to their lives and finally became their ritual habit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Users' right to electronic surveillance and privacy in the information society
Omid Ali MasoudiBackground and purpose of the research: Protecting privacy and ensuring the right of users to electronic surveillance, requires users to know about this right. The purpose of this research is how to realize the right of users to electronic control of their information a MoreBackground and purpose of the research: Protecting privacy and ensuring the right of users to electronic surveillance, requires users to know about this right. The purpose of this research is how to realize the right of users to electronic control of their information and privacy. Research method: This research has been done with the documentary method (library) and with the technique of data collection by taking notes of the available effects on privacy and electronic surveillance of cyberspace users. Research results: One of the main reasons for violating the rights of users in their rights to monitor information is the lack of media literacy. This space is completed and defined Also, by increasing adherence to religion, it will be more likely to prevent the underlying factors of cybercrime, that is, people who have more adherence to religion will eliminate more underlying factors for the occurrence of cybercrimes. The right of users to spontaneous surveillance is in fact the right that is defined in privacy, and the right of users to spontaneous surveillance is the copyright that others must respect. The link can explain to a large extent the status of the laws enacted in the communities. Research indicates that it is more appropriate to protect the rights of users in the future of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Comparing the Practice of Advocacy Planning with Reference to Community Development Plan in the United States of America, Britain and Iran
Roozbeh Zamanian Pouya Joudi gol lar Peyman Zadebagheri Mohamad Taghi PirbabaeiRadical analysts have interpreted planning an act of servin the interests of the capital and a disadvantage for community members. Planning has always been busy with making decisions between different goals and interests, private intrests against public intrests, short- MoreRadical analysts have interpreted planning an act of servin the interests of the capital and a disadvantage for community members. Planning has always been busy with making decisions between different goals and interests, private intrests against public intrests, short-term intrest against long-term intrest, economic intrest against social intrests and so on. Therefor to determine what provides the public intrests has always been a confilicting issue. Planning needs to have the ability to play a role as a government, groups and organization advocates or people who have suggestions for the future of the society in order to administer practical ways to achieve an idea future. This duty needs a collective decision making and participations of defferent groups in planning. Indeed planners are the social advocates that in the struggle of the forces and interests of different social groups move toward juctice and equality, which requires the public to provide the basics for the society to offer equal opportunities to all citizens. Therefor a need for intelligent planning that determines new economic goods and tools to achieve them is abrious and necessary. After the industry revolution and the physical changes of the cities, which was orginated from the new system of the social labor division and the necessity of organizing the undesirable conditions a targeted usage of the sources to control and guide the socirty was demanded. The speed and extent of developments in science caused the creation of a comprehensive belief in the field of rationality that was considered as a basic of concept of a scientific planning to control development. A method that based on logical reasoning knew that logical positivism is the basic of planning and accepted planning to be free of values like othere sciences. The goal of this article is to explain the advocacy planning approach and its themes of practice in Iran, United states and United kingdom and to compare their theoretical and practical experences on the advocacy planning approach. There are five stages to reach this gaol. The first stage explains the advocacy planning theory theory and compares it with the rational-cmprehensive approach, and studies its appearing themes and discusses the necessity of the thought of polarism in advocacy planning. The last stege is exploring the criticisms on the advocacy planning approach. The second stage is the study of the practice of advocacy planning, in the United States, and the reasons of the appearance of it in the United Statesis being tracked the programs based on the community development and their features are introduced. The Third stage is the study of the appearance of the advocacy planning in the United Kingdom and the reasons of the consideration of the aid planning in the planning and the social development programs of the United Kingdom, is explained. In the fourth stage studies, the thermes of the practice of advocacy planning approach in Iran and tracks its mechanism. And the last stage compares the mechanism and practices of the advocacy planning approaches explained in the last three stages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Evaluation of Sense of Community in Residential Complexes (Case study: Saidyeh complex of Hamadan)
راضیه اسفندیاری صدق مهرداد کریمی مشاور گلرخ دانشگر مقدمAbstract Community architecture, as a novel approach in architecture, has changed throughout ages. This approach has many concepts which have increased and decreased during the times, but the main concept of community architecture has always been the indirect participa MoreAbstract Community architecture, as a novel approach in architecture, has changed throughout ages. This approach has many concepts which have increased and decreased during the times, but the main concept of community architecture has always been the indirect participation of people in designing. Also, public spaces and stability have recently been added to these new parameters. Among three approaches available in the architecture including political, social and psychological ones, the one that is strongly related to community architecture is a fundamental aspect named sense of community. Sense of community is often defined as a feeling of belonging to a group of members. A feeling that shows the members matter to one another and to the group, and a common faith that ensures that the members needs will be met through their commitment to a unity. Sense of community has two important parts. The first part is individual and the second part is collective. Gender, age, education, level of income and ownership are related to the individual level, while membership, influence, Integration and fulfillment of needs, shared emotional connection are related to the collective part. Public spaces are the most important spaces which could increase the sense of community. They are recognized as being accessible to all groups, providing freedom of action for users. Some changes in modern society may lead to a decrease in the sense of community in public spaces of residential complexes. For instance, most of the people do not like to be present in public spaces for participating and using of facilities of them, or technology and media prevent people from being together. In this new condition, the sense of community will slowly disappear. This is a big problem for all countries all over the world. Identifying and creating the conditions that foster and strengthen sense of community within public spaces of residential complex is an important task for us. We can make suitable conditions to encourage people for coming in public spaces of residential complex and share their needs and beliefs through designing methods. The reduction in this context could be empowered by the presence and participation of people. Thus, we classify our data in two tables. The first table shows design methods in community design with behavioral patterns and performance of spaces, and in the second table some methods for making better facilities to public spaces of residential complex presents have been presented. The only residential complex with public spaces in Hamadan is Saidyeh complex. We have divided the site of this complex into some parts, and observe them for 5 months. 65 persons were randomly selected and interviewed about their needs. A table is drawn according to performance of spaces, behavioral patterns, designing methods and style of investigation (interview or observation). This study aims at examining the collected information through a qualitative method and evaluates the selected samples (through targeted sampling) and compares them with table of designed parameters. As a result, we concluded that the climate and culture could affect community architecture in Hamadan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The Proposed Model of User Participation in Programming Process of the Community School (Case Study: Omolbanin Primary School at Mollasadra neighborhood in Isfahan)
leila afroozeh Mahmoud Reza SaghafiToday, community participation is a topic that has been considered globally, especially in the field of architecture programming. Participatory approaches in architecture have been noticed during the last two decades. Many studies show that paying attention to the use MoreToday, community participation is a topic that has been considered globally, especially in the field of architecture programming. Participatory approaches in architecture have been noticed during the last two decades. Many studies show that paying attention to the users' demands increases the chance of success in a design, because they are more aware of their needs than those who look situated outside of the story. A few research, have studied users' participation during the process of school design. Lack of knowledge about the benefits of this approach and the limitation of funds are the reasons that this approach has not been considered by responsible organizations in our country.The dissatisfaction of most users about school architecture and its disability to fulfill some of the educational needs in most of the schools shows the importance of utilizing this approach in Iran. Nowadays there is a gap between opinion of school users and its planners (and or designers). So it seems essential that school programming should achieve by accompany of the community. The aim of this study is to reach to participatory programming of the community school and presentation of users' participation, as a proposed model. In this regard, the users' opinion of Omolbanin primary school and residents of the Mollasadra neighborhood has been used by participatory tools; including participatory groups (parents, teachers & students), interview and questionnaire (13 questionnaire by teachers & 87 questionnaire by parents & residents). In the first stage, two questionnaires were set up. The number of completed questionnaires by teachers was 13. Of the 272 distributed questionnaires, between parents and residents, 103 completed questionnaires were delivered to the authors. Of these, 16 were not credible. Therefore, according to 87 questionnaires, information on architectural programming was obtained, such as identifying the needs of the community and identifying the shortages at the school and neighborhood. After analyzing and evaluating the questionnaire, the process of participation began through team working. These workshops were divided into three groups of parents, teachers and students. Each workshop was began with a brief overview of the goals and displaying photos of successful schools, trying to break down the usual forms of participants' mental imagery. At the main stage, they were asked to describe the elements of their desirable school with details, which resulted in the extraction of codes through relations of spaces and physical elements. According to the extracted codes at each stage and the matching of the participants' planning ideas with the educational environment criteria, the architectural programming table was set. This qualitative research using a descriptive-analytical method for data analysis, and a library method, as well as interview and questionnaire in field survey as tools for data collection. The findings leads to setting the table based on received factors. The result of this study is presentation of the proposed model of user participation in programming process of the community school that it can be effective in recognizing the actual needs of users and increasing user satisfaction in learning environment design. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The Effect of "Type of Space Syntax" on "Socialization" of Social Centers from the Perspective of Levinas's "Face-to-Face" Moral Philosophy
Ali Asghar Malek Afzali Nahid Amini SoudkolaeiOne of the problems of today is the separation of different social groups from one another and is disregard to Ignore different social layers. Weakness that has the effect of increasing day-to-day living and reducing social life and communal ethics. The present study, u MoreOne of the problems of today is the separation of different social groups from one another and is disregard to Ignore different social layers. Weakness that has the effect of increasing day-to-day living and reducing social life and communal ethics. The present study, using Levinas's philosophy that emphasizes one's face-to-face with another, offers a kind of ethical phenomenology. What sort of spatiality can Levinas's desired socialization in design a social center to meet?The basis of ethics in Levinas's philosophy is the asymmetry of the moral relation between subjects and the prohibition of any moral debt. In a relationship asymmetry, not all matters are subject to the same principles and tasks. An infinite notion of the other is a model for the subject's right relationship with another and creates a countless sense of responsibility for him. Face-to-face with another human being is a rebirth and an unpredictable and transcendent experience for him. This face-to-face, if confronted visage-to-visage, which is inherently peaceful and friendly, leads to dialogue, to the teaching of reason, and to the community that Levinas is considering. Finally, general issues raised by Levinas's face-to-face thinking include intuitive perception, being evasive, and asymmetrically intersubjective.Attention to the relationships and interactions of different social groups is essential to understanding individual, social, and preternatural concerns and needs for growth and prosperity. The purpose of the research is to approach design qualities that incorporate them into social centers to enable interactions with daily life for a wider community. In this regard, the components of socialization as a dependent variable and the components of syntax as independent change are reviewed and based on Levinas's ethical perspective, three different scenarios of syntax components are designed in the virtual environment. Then, by formulating an observation and interviewing program based on the components of socialization, the data were collected at the sequential level from the group that navigated the virtual scenarios. They were analyzed by SPSS software using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests. To construct scenarios, the syntax components include "relevance", "cohesion", "depth", "choice" and "control". The use of scenario building is based on the experience of Lange 3, which in its research for a possible future change of the current status of a pavement in a rural landscape, provides three scenarios of agriculture, recreation, and nature conservation as a virtual model and animates the participants. Finally, explored participants' viewpoints for their research on how to prepare and deliver simulations for stakeholder engagement (Longe & Longe, 2017).The results show that applying the formative qualities in Scenario 3, which has been attempted to be most consistent with Levinas's thought, can be efficient in enhancing the socialization of space. Scenario 1 also managed to gain some of the second ranks, but Scenario 2 is not recommended for sociable spaces. Thus, it turns out that a scenario in which the qualities of transactionality, complexity, and ease of use, disorder, and uncontrollability have been used, have greater potential for Levinas's desired socialization in social center designs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Toward a Theory of Community Capital
Hooshang Amirahmadi This paper argues that globalization has localized its polarization effects and operational requirements largely because of growing significance of information technology and the emergence of knowledge-based, or “learning,” communiti More This paper argues that globalization has localized its polarization effects and operational requirements largely because of growing significance of information technology and the emergence of knowledge-based, or “learning,” communities. This paper proposes “community capital” an organizing concept for the field of community development. While the concept of capital is not new, “community capital” is novel in that it is larger than the sum total of economic capital, human capital, social capital, physical capital, digital capital and the like. The concept brings together the core concepts of the four disciplinary pillars of planning – matter, value, institutions, and space -- into a single interdisciplinary conceptual framework. Thus, applying the concept of community capital helps resolve a key cause of the failure of territorial planning. The paper then examines the concept of “community capital” by underscoring its key advantages. First, “community capital” has a built-in spatial dimension, but here “space is community,” and as such it is an element of societal unity. Second, the societal concept of space allows for time-space integration, creating the context for material, social, institutional, and spiritual advancement of community life. And third, the built-in capital conception of “community capital” captures the significance of many otherwise underutilized and embedded community assets, including the non-codified knowledge that is often exchanged at various community places and gatherings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Evaluating the Consideration of Signi!cance and Role of Sustainable Neighborhood Planning in Hierarchy of U.D.P (Case Study: Strategic/Structural Plan of Tehran)
rama Ghalambor DezfoolySustainability has been a ‘buzz’ word for the last three decades in the environmental and planning literature, conveying a multitude of meanings, that are often divergent, to a variety of individuals, professions, interest groups, governmental agencies and p MoreSustainability has been a ‘buzz’ word for the last three decades in the environmental and planning literature, conveying a multitude of meanings, that are often divergent, to a variety of individuals, professions, interest groups, governmental agencies and political leaders, NGOs and grassroots organizations. As the broad concept of sustainability has evolved, one of its derivatives is sustainable neighbourhoods. Sustainable neighbourhood is a systematic concept, inter-relating the social, environmental, economic, and governance aspects. In urban literatures, many reasons describe as community planning scale importance such as community as a cultural infrastructure and social capital. Also this scale of planning is the one most important subject in environmental psychology. But how to apply these concepts from theory to practice, in a correct and efficient way, remains to be the essential question. In recent decades, spatial planning and master plans seem to develop to maintain neighbourhood importance in planning and directing local development in this way into the new century. What mentioned above is sensible in urban plans statements of developed countries such as political leadership in strategic planning to provide a context for effective development; or integration between regional, urban and neighbourhood planning, and between strategic planning, development control and master planning. Currently, we have also a new paradigm in urban development plan for Tehran as the biggest city and capital of Iran. This plan has entitled as Tehran strategic/structural plan. But government and urban management in Tehran may confess to inefficiency of that plan in future if they don’t consider to the issues such as neighbourhood planning, local context and public participation. On the other hand, despite numerous efforts by experts and governments, in Iran we face with much inefficient urban plans, due to lack of consideration for people needs and the role of different interest groups. In this article objectives are threefold: The first is defining sustainable community and its characteristics for opening view to major subject of paper; the second is trying to define the role and importance of sustainable neighbourhoody planning in hierarchy of urban development plans based on literature produced at the international level and new paradigm of spatial planning. Thirdly with regard to the role of sustainable neighbourhoody planning play in the future try to evaluate Tehran strategic/structural plan from point of view of its role to set sustainable neighbourhood planning in its structure as a part of urban development plan. The paper concludes that governments must set and define appropriate role for neighbourhood planning in hierarchy of urban development plans. This is resulted from neighbourhood planning efficiency to improve qualitative parameters such as public participation, sense of place and identity. These parameters play important role in achieving sustainability of place and can be better sense in neighbourhood scale. Finally, in case of consideration of neighbourhood planning in a critical aspect about Tehran strategic/structural plan, features of this plan compare with new paradigm of urban development plans in the world,. This comparison shows that there is not enough consideration for neighbourhood planning in Tehran strategic/structural plan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Study on the Approaches of Sustainable Concepts and Primary Paradigms In!uencing the Contemporary Community Designing
Maryam Singery Seyed Majid Mofidi ShemiraniThe hasty urbanism of twentieth century has been followed by various types of pollutions and present environmental changes that within this process, cities were both faulty and damaged. During the last years, the urban theoreticians and designers have thought of finding MoreThe hasty urbanism of twentieth century has been followed by various types of pollutions and present environmental changes that within this process, cities were both faulty and damaged. During the last years, the urban theoreticians and designers have thought of finding or identifying the possible sustainability backgrounds and sustainable developments in executable smaller scale, i. e. development of communities among which not only are regarded as refuges or shelters but also consists of a net of supports and social opportunities for a series of widespread leisure time, cultural and economic activities. A sustainable community seeks the increasing of social interaction and people involvement in affairs. Ecological approach toward the designing of residential spaces will originate novel views in the urban literature of twenty first century. Such a process strives for the settlement of an interaction among the human and nature-built residential complexes. It has been decided to seek in this article the answer to this problem that what criterions have been adopted toward the primary paradigms of community designing in modern cities or the redevelopment of the Brown fields and are theses paradigms in congruency with the concepts of sustainability. This is a documentary study of theories of primary paradigms, a comparative study of first and second half of the twentieth century which implies that the adopted process for the creation of the self-reliant residential complexes to form and settle the social institution has endured within the second half. Primary models of community have designed in the first half of the twentieth century which its idea was to create the residential complexes to shape and settle the social institution in an urban environment. Two conceptual models of this period were considered as the most common scales of community design up to the Second World War. They presented two different ways which were followed by one general goal and that were coming back to a self-dependent community. Primary models of community design in the second half of twentieth century Physical dispersion of cities social structure downfall, insecurity of the community unsuitable use of the earth and quality decline of urban environment are part of city problems within this period. Mutual function of these paradigms with protection of ecosystems brings up the paradigms based on sustainable development. It seems that sustainable concepts have been gone from the urban village movement and are completed by new urbanism model and the related models which have been manifested within the models of eco village and smart growth. The sustainable able scales are used in the models of eco village and smart growth and have direct relationship with the sustainable community principle. Energy index is one these scales based on the optimized used of fossil fuels and its replacement by type of renewable energies. Smart growth paradigms are combined with the principles of sustainability and are occasionally mingled with them. Considering the attitude toward globalization represent the adaptations of the community designing paradigms of the twenty-first century in the contemporary movements of eco village and energy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Assessing Community Architecture Based on SCI (Case Study: Child-friendly City-BAM)
Hamed Kamelnia Seyed Gholamreza Islami Pirooz HanachiUser participation in many projects, couldn't reach to important outcomes and in spite of many researches, there is a real tendency for architects to do it. One of the most important reasons for this is lack of assessing and analyzing the participatory projects. Today, MoreUser participation in many projects, couldn't reach to important outcomes and in spite of many researches, there is a real tendency for architects to do it. One of the most important reasons for this is lack of assessing and analyzing the participatory projects. Today, usage of community architecture is broader than participatory architecture. Community architecture is a recent approach of achievements by community groups who have been effective in shaping their environment. The term community is used in different ways but two major use are more important: first is the territorial and geographical notion of community-neighborhood, town, and city. The second is relational concerned with quality of character of human relationship without reference to location. Community Architecture consider to cultural values and behavioral needs of community to improve the quality of the built environment. Different typology of participation exist through a participatory process:”self-mobilization”, “giving information”, ”consultative design”, ”functional participation”, ”interactive participation”, “regionalism” and “interpretive participation”. Current state of the literature shows tow approaches: first: sociological approach that searching for local community functioning and second: psychological approach that focus on psychological sense of community. Sense of community (SC) factor is a useful assessing tool to find out outcomes of community participation. SC (sense of community) factors have four elements: 1-membership; 2-influence; 3-integration & fulfillment of needs; and 4-shared emotional connection. One of the participatory projects in this case, is child-friendly City of BAM. The CFC project in BAM (after destroyable earthquake 2003 in BAM, IRAN) was searching the main factors that make a city child friendly. Based on this goal, some workshops were hold at 2004 and children participated in order to form their environment. The workshops focused on community participation, using children as key planners of their own environment from city planning to design a school .in these workshops, children participated with some tools such as drawing, role playing, puzzle, workshops, behavioral mapping, etc. After 5 years later, a POE was held to assessing on the projects (dream school). The result shows little relation between children ideas and the built school. Children priorities to design their school is differ to architect priorities and the built environment is not outcome of children participation and their needs and dreams but there is a relation between SCI factors and children participation. A correlation research method shows that there is a meaningful relation between SCI factors and participation of users (children) in design process of architecture. On the other hand, existing sense of community factors (in case BAM, this is because of earthquake) among users is a necessary condition to use participatory methods in architectural design process. Studies of child friendly city project in BAM (post earthquake) shows that we can reach the proper goals of community participation in the built environment, not only by accurate participatory tools, methods and levels, but also with existence of sense of community among the users. So, today new paradigms of community participation in design process is based on SC factors and fostering sense of community among users can provide better context to reach aims of community design. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - An Analysis of the Influencing Factors on Dwelling System of the Fishing Community on the Bank of Karnaphuli, Chittagong, Bangladesh
Sarah Binte Haque Tandra Das -
Open Access Article
14 - Drivers of Gated Community developments in Urban Areas: The Case of Nairobi, Kenya
Juliet Muiga Robert Wambugu Rukwaro -
Open Access Article
15 - Emerging Mosque Architecture (New Architectural vocabulary in Secular Nepal)
Bijaya K. Shrestha Sushmita Shrestha -
Open Access Article
16 - Housing the Urban Poor in Nigeria through Community Participation Using Lessons from Nairobi Kenya
Olatunde Folaranmi Adedayo -
Open Access Article
17 - Community Participation: The Lost Link of the Rural Informal Settlements Relocation Projects, Kerman Province, Iran (Case Studies: Band-Chah-Reza Village, Chah-Dad-Khoda Village, Ghassem-Abad Village and Shahid-Karami-Shadab Village)
Seyed Amirhossein Garakani -
Open Access Article
18 - Investigating of Residents Empowering in Physical and Environmental Improvements in Informal Settlements (Case Study: Nodeh Community, Mashhad, Iran)
Behzad Alipoor Hadi Sarvari -
Open Access Article
19 - Unsustainability of Urban Community, An Analysis to Urban Heterogeneous Area in Urban Fabric (Case Study: North Parts of Tehran)
Farah Habib Arash Baghdadi -
Open Access Article
20 - Explaining theComponents of Sustainability in Urban Communities
Hamed Moztarzadeh Seyed Majid Mofidi Shemirani Vahideh Hodjati -
Open Access Article
21 - Greenway Pedestrian Design in order to Rejoin the divided Urban Zones through the Brownfield Regeneration (Case Study: Tehran District 17- from Shahid Bradaran-e-Hosseini St. to Yaft Abad St.)
Yasmin Mirzai Fereshteh Habib Kianoush Suzanchi -
Open Access Article
22 - Marginalization and Urban Crisis in City of Ilam
Mir Najaf Mousavi Hasan Hekmat Nia Mohamad Maleki Mousa Maleki Pour -
Open Access Article
23 - The establishment of sports rights federation is the necessity of today's sports community
mohammadreza akhgar mohammad Nikravan Keivan Shabani moghadam Ezzatullah Shah mansuriReview:Considering the expansion and professionalization of sports activities as well as the access of the country's sports to international arenas and the legal imperialism of the CAC Court, which has accelerated all aspects of sports; It is necessary to protect the ri MoreReview:Considering the expansion and professionalization of sports activities as well as the access of the country's sports to international arenas and the legal imperialism of the CAC Court, which has accelerated all aspects of sports; It is necessary to protect the rights of the sports family at the national and international levels; As the Medical Federation provides medical services to athletes; An independent federation can support athletes by providing legal services in the field of sports activities inside and outside the country.Due to the legal problems surrounding the country's sports, which unfortunately oftenlead to the condemnation of individuals, teams and sports federations at the international level, and generally lead to excessive costs on athletes, coaches, managers and sports federations, and this is a threat. It has become a great sport for the country and its media coverage and fringes have provided the ground for despair and hopelessness among athletes and managers.It seems that this important thing will be achieved with the establishment of the Sports Law Federation; The Legal Federation will definitely plan and implement international sports laws and general laws of the country to identify crimes and violations and then provide preventive solutions such as holding training courses, explaining the rules, preventing violations, corruption in sports, etc. to develop a scientific culture in management Crime prevention and accident reduction.As the results of the present study introduce this important "necessity of establishing a sports law federation" as an effective and efficient institution is a necessity of today's sports community. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Methodology of International Law
علی اصغر KazemiIn this article, the author attempts to fill the gap arisingfrom the lack of attention to the methodology in the field oflaw. Through putting forth the discussion of the methodologyof international law, he paves the way for researchers andstudents of international law a MoreIn this article, the author attempts to fill the gap arisingfrom the lack of attention to the methodology in the field oflaw. Through putting forth the discussion of the methodologyof international law, he paves the way for researchers andstudents of international law and related fields. Studying thedominant methodological and theoretical currents in the fieldof international law, new outlooks, which were proposed inthe Methodology of International Law Symposium in 1991,are introduced and assessed. In this context, the first sectionof the article deals with the methodology in general. The othersections refer to the category of methods and methodology,and methodology in philosophy and legal studies. The authorfinally pays attention to the point that the understanding andcommand of the methods and approaches are necessary withrespect to the recognition of sources, incremental codificationand development, implementation, interpretation and judgmentat all levels of the study of international law. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - International responsibility in environmental low
Seyed Abbas Poor Hashemi Maryamalsadat MoosaviAccording to the international law of responsibility, a state whose acts or omissions are against the international regulations is obliged to redress the damages to the injured state or states. In fact, breach of any obligation in the international law incurs responsibi MoreAccording to the international law of responsibility, a state whose acts or omissions are against the international regulations is obliged to redress the damages to the injured state or states. In fact, breach of any obligation in the international law incurs responsibility. The most important point regarding the international environmental law is its different aspects and expansiveness of the issues specifically issues with exterritorial nature like borderline pollutions and international destructions. The world needs a serious cooperation at the time of tremendous and sudden problems regarding the international environmental issues. Even today, the world`s leaders have transferred the environmental issues from marginal and sidelong sections towards their main political agenda. On the other hand, the international law researchers have been dealing with creating the rules regarding states` responsibility and commitments, especially on accountability regarding destruction and borderline pollutions and meanwhile the states have been dealing with issue according to the responsibility system by expanding the international agreements with the purpose of preventing the activities obnoxious for the environment. On the other hand, establishing the international criminal court is one of the considerable international activities in criminal support of the environment. But despite the fact that the international responsibility has a considerable position in the international law, this issue has been vague in the international environmental law and redressing the damages; however in the recent years it has been developing Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Ranking and Analysis of Factors Affecting the Sustainability of Urban Neighborhoods and in the City of Mahabad
Edris Porvazn Zeynab Karkehabadi Abbas Arghan -
Open Access Article
27 - New Approaches to Urban Renewal in Tehran: Experience of Khazaneh Facilitation Office
Pooya Alaedini Zahra Eskandari Dorbati Neda Talebian -
Open Access Article
28 - A Study of the Relationship between the Components of Social Capital and Social Development
Esmaeil Kavousy Seyyed Davoud Hosseini -
Open Access Article
29 - The Dimensions of Community-based Programs in Kahrizak (According to Anderson's Health Behavior Model)
Malihe Shiani Mirtaher Mousavi Hannan Zare -
Open Access Article
30 - Enhancing Community Resilience to Floods in Iran: The Case of Post-Disaster Neka
Pooya Alaedini Mehrdad Javaheripour Elham Houminfar -
Open Access Article
31 - Sociological Explanation of the Process of Formation of New Reference Groups and their Effect on the Formation of Citizenship Ethics in Iran over the Last Three Decades
Masoumeh Bashi Seyfollah Seyfollahi Nayer Pirahari -
Open Access Article
32 - The Role of Government and Local Actors in the Tourism Industry Development in Iran: An Unsuccessful Intervention Model
Saman Yousefvand -
Open Access Article
33 - Rural Women’s Experiences with Money and Developmental Intervention: A Case Study in Semnan Province
Soheila Alirezanejad -
Open Access Article
34 - Issues and Challenges to Socialization of Academic Norms in Scientific Communities in Iran
Alireza Mohseni Tabrizi Mahmoud Ghazi Tabatabaei S.H. Marjaei -
Open Access Article
35 - Luxury Tourism as a Community Economic Development Strategy in the Depleted Community of Gananoque and the 1000 Islands
D. Kirkby R. Alasadi -
Open Access Article
36 - Street Garment Vendors’ Contribution to the Economy and Local Community: An Empirical Study to the Street Garments Vendors in Dhaka City, Bangladesh
M. Hasan J. Alam -
Open Access Article
37 - The effect of social media on brand community markers, value creation practice, bran trust and brand loyalty (case study: comparison between Apple (Iphone) and Samsung’s (Galaxcy) mobile)
مریم کناره فرد سید علیرضا موسویThe combination of both brand community and social media leads to a concept that we call social media based brand community which is a subset of the broader concept of ‘‘virtual communities’’ or online brand communities; but the main differentiat MoreThe combination of both brand community and social media leads to a concept that we call social media based brand community which is a subset of the broader concept of ‘‘virtual communities’’ or online brand communities; but the main differentiator is their platforms. In this article, we explore whether brand communities based on social media (a special type of online brand communities) have positive effects on the main community elements and value creation practices in the communities as well as on brand trust and brand loyalty. For this purpose the users of Apple (Iphone) and Samsung (Galaxy) cell phones in Shiraz are considered as the statistical society which due to the unlimited statistical society and lack of access to all of them, two samples included 196 people has been selected randomly and studied in the third 3 months of year 91 by using the standard questionnaire of the researcher Michael Laroch et al. (2012). On the other hand in order to discuss the relation between the research variables the Pierson correlation and for the hypothesis test of research the path analyse are used to evaluate the structure of the recommended framework. In order to do this SPSS Amos16.0 software is used. This research has about twenty hypothesis which are after the hypothesis analyse and statistical analysis at the surety level of 95% for the Apple’s customer eighteen hypothesis were accepted and two of them were rejected, and for the customers of Samsung, sixteen hypothesis were accepted and four of them were rejected. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - The Effect of Social Media on Brand Community Markers, Value Creation Practice, Brand Trust and Brand Loyalty (Case Study: Comparison between Apple (Iphone) and Samsung’s (Galaxy) Mobile)
S. A. Mousavi M. KenarehfardThe combination of both brand community and social media leads to a concept that we call social media based brand community which is a subset of the broader concept of ‘‘virtual communities’’ or online brand communities; but the main differentiat MoreThe combination of both brand community and social media leads to a concept that we call social media based brand community which is a subset of the broader concept of ‘‘virtual communities’’ or online brand communities; but the main differentiator is their platforms. In this article, we explore whether brand communities based on social media (a special type of online brand communities) have positive effects on the main community elements and value creation practices in the communities as well as on brand trust and brand loyalty. For this purpose the users of Apple (Iphone) and Samsung (Galaxy) cell phones in Shiraz are considered as the statistical society which due to the unlimited statistical society and lack of access to all of them, two samples included 196 people has been selected randomly and studied in the third 3 months of year 91 by using the standard questionnaire of the researcher Michael Laroch et al. (2012). On the other hand in order to discuss the relation between the research variables the Pierson correlation and for the hypothesis test of research the path analyze are used to evaluate the structure of the recommended framework. In order to do this SPSS Amos 16.0 software is used. This research has about twenty hypothesis which are after the hypothesis analyze and statistical analysis at the surety level of 95% for the Apple’s customer eighteen hypothesis were accepted and two of them were rejected, and for the customers of Samsung, sixteen hypothesis were accepted and four of them were rejected. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Research in cultural planning based on the network community in the national media of the Islamic republic of Iran
Akram Zeini سید محمد دادگران سید محمدرضا رسولیToday, societies are being transformed into a scientific civilization based on services, education and creative activities. This transformation is the result of the advancement and penetration of modern technologies, especially computer technologies. In recent years the MoreToday, societies are being transformed into a scientific civilization based on services, education and creative activities. This transformation is the result of the advancement and penetration of modern technologies, especially computer technologies. In recent years the concept of network society has become particularly important in information society theory.Networks in the network society are a good tool for various activities; for a capitalist economy based on innovation, globalization and decentralized density. The processes of social transformation that have been summarized in the ideal network society go beyond the social and technical relations of production and deeply affect the field of culture and power.Another aspect to consider is that our culture is derived from Islam and value-based, and in this culture communication cannot be neutral, and for cultural and communication systems such as broadcasting, the mission is conjectural and assumed, and goal-orientation and value must be Be visible and tangible in it. Hence, with regard to the transformation of sound programming and traditional programming rotation and the shift towards the production of interactive programs, issues in the field of culture, the present article discusses the benefits of using library methodologies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - The leadership model of the Supreme Leader in the Corona crisis
Mohsen ManteghiBackground: The Corona crisis has created widespread problems in people's current lives. The Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic, from the beginning of the formation of this crisis, according to the views of health experts, adopted a special model for crisis manageme MoreBackground: The Corona crisis has created widespread problems in people's current lives. The Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic, from the beginning of the formation of this crisis, according to the views of health experts, adopted a special model for crisis management. The model of corona crisis management can be identified from His Majesty's orders and actions. Research Method: This study was conducted in a qualitative manner based on content analysis method with the aim of exploring the views of the Supreme Leader in the Corona crisis. Statistical population: A collection of lectures, messages, and actions of the Supreme Leader during 1399, which has been presented regarding the corona and has been compiled in a library collection manner. Conclusion: Based on the accepted approaches in crisis management and based on the study conducted in this study, the Supreme Leader, in three areas of psychological, socio-political, and technical-structural, have used six main components for crisis management, which are: Comprehensiveness of attitude, spirituality and piety, ethics, social empathy, intelligent behavior, and organizational reform. Identifying and understanding this pattern can be a good way to manage the crises of Islamic society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Study of Virtual Social Networks’ Efficacy on Social Capital (Case Study: Islamic Azad University, Science & Research Branch)
Seyed Bahram Mortazavi Oskouei Marzieh Sadat Akbari Sohelila Bourghani FarahaniIntroduction and Goal: One of the core element of each society is Social Interaction. According to the “networking theory”, the human interaction are considered social assets and anybody could get access to all the supporting factors available within the net MoreIntroduction and Goal: One of the core element of each society is Social Interaction. According to the “networking theory”, the human interaction are considered social assets and anybody could get access to all the supporting factors available within the network, according to Bastani. Regarding Bordio’s, Colman, Patna, and Fokoyama, such interactions are in the layer of group connections which includes elements such as relations, trust, norms, participations, and etc.Methodology: In this research, social asset is analyzed from the Networking Theory. The key research objective is to study the effect of the social networks on the social assets of the students in the Economic and Management School of Science and Research University, Islamic Azad University of Tehran. The hypothesis is that the main element of social assets (participations, trust, and teamwork) are effected by the online social networks. The methodology was correlative method and the sample size was 172 person, chosen from random method in accordance with the total size.Findings: The data’s analyses and research finding shows that the effect of social networks on the main elements of the social assets (participations, trust, community) of students of Science and Research University of Islamic Azad University of Tehran.Results: The main hypothesis shows that vitual social networks have partly strong effect on the variables of social assets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Development of Social Commerce and Analysis of Consumer Behavior
Mohamad hesam JahanmiriThe emergence of social commerce has made important changes in business and consumers. Hence, it is very important to understand consumer behavior in the field of social commerce for companies that intend to benefit better consumers from more powerful sites.In this stud MoreThe emergence of social commerce has made important changes in business and consumers. Hence, it is very important to understand consumer behavior in the field of social commerce for companies that intend to benefit better consumers from more powerful sites.In this study, we carry out a systematic review of social business studies to explain how consumers behave on social networking sites. We classify these studies, discuss significant considerations, and identify important research methods. Also, other goals of this project are to study the factors affecting the durability and customer satisfaction in the social space. Today, due to a lack of consumer confidence in the social space and lack of quality of content, customers are faced with great concerns about the Internet as the strongest media for the social business. Because the social behavior of customers is an important variable in the social space, it is imperative for a business community to maintain its current customers. Therefore, we study the factors affecting social commerce. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - The Effect of Components of Mass Spaces on Social Participation of Citizens (Case Study: Farahzad neighborhood of Tehran)
hedieh dabiri leila zareCitizens' participation is an essential requirement for achieving the ideal neighborhood and leads to improved quality of life. The communal spaces at the neighborhood level have a significant role to play as gatherings for the gathering of people in life. The features MoreCitizens' participation is an essential requirement for achieving the ideal neighborhood and leads to improved quality of life. The communal spaces at the neighborhood level have a significant role to play as gatherings for the gathering of people in life. The features in the context of these spaces are attracting people, staying in space and shaping social participation among them. The purpose of this study is to investigate social participation at the neighborhood of Farahzad in Tehran. The method used in the research is descriptive-analytic and for collecting the required data, the questionnaire and field study tools have been used. The statistical population of the study consisted of all individuals aged 18 years and over in the Farahzad neighborhood. The sample size was 355 by using Cochran's formula. For further reliability, 360 questionnaires were selected and completed by simple random sampling. Data analysis was performed using Pearson tests and regression analysis using SPSS software. The results of Pearson correlation test show that there is a significant relationship between the amount of willingness to participate with the variables of the quality of the spaces, the satisfaction of the services in the spaces and the sense of belonging. The results of regression analysis also indicate that among the variables mentioned above, the variable quality of community spaces with a regression weight of 0.42 is the most significant effect in the social participation variable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - The Evaluation of a Sense of Neighborhood Dependency and its Role in Social Participation (Case of Study: Ne’mat-abad Neighborhood)
Ahmad Naderi Ebrahim Shirali Sajjad Ghasemi Kafroudi -
Open Access Article
45 - The Position of Cultural Synergy in Social Development of the Country
Mohammadreza Dehshiri -
Open Access Article
46 - A survey about the factors affecting the prevention of relapse of addiction based on therapeutic community approach in Khomein city 2010-2011
Masoumeh Motlaq Hossein Hadavi Davoud Assadi -
Open Access Article
47 - The Evaluation of Citizenship Skills and their Effects in promoting Social Development (Case of Study: Region 3, 7 and 14 in Tehran)
Soroush Fathi Mehdi MokhtarpourCulture and citizenship skills are such concepts that human beings consider them as actions, states and phenomena attributed in their life. Citizenship skills is divided into a variety of economic, social, moral, political and cultural sections. Nowadays, the concept of MoreCulture and citizenship skills are such concepts that human beings consider them as actions, states and phenomena attributed in their life. Citizenship skills is divided into a variety of economic, social, moral, political and cultural sections. Nowadays, the concept of citizenship skills and ways to improve it in order to improve social development is one of the main priorities designers and urban planners consider in the branches of civil rights. This study is a case study and with an analytical approach. The theoretical framework of the study is based on documents and studies of other articles and academic sites related to the subject on one hand and also uses questionnaires and selection of a sample randomly, with 385 questionnaires containing questions about the research subject matter. The findings show that there is a significant relationship between self-awareness, empathy, decision-making, critical thinking, interpersonal relations and social development. The results of the regression analysis shows the variables in the equation, the variables of self-awareness, interpersonal communication, critical thinking, decision-making and empathy have the greatest impact on the promotion of social development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Sociological Analysis of the Impact of New Reference Groups on the Process of Citizenship Ethics Formation In Iran in the Last Three decades (Case Study: Professors and Students of Islamic Azad University, ,Central Tehran Branch and Science and Research Branch 2020)
Masoumeh Bashi Seifollah Seifollahi Nayyer PirahariThe present study was conducted with the aim of sociological analysis of the effectof new reference groups on the process in formation of citizenship ethics in Iran in the last three decades in the educational year 2020. The study population were students of the Fa MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of sociological analysis of the effectof new reference groups on the process in formation of citizenship ethics in Iran in the last three decades in the educational year 2020. The study population were students of the Faculty of Social Sciences, units the Central Tehran and Research the Sciences in Islamic Azad University in Tehran. The theoretical framework was a combination of the theories of "Durkheim, Parsons, Habermas, Wallerstein, Giddens, Seyfollahi and Merton". Survey method, researcher-made questionnaire technique, cluster sampling and sample size were determined based on Cochran's formula (369 people). Data analysis was performed with Amos software. The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient confirmed the positive and significant relationship between the external Community Factors, internal Community Factors and mass media and in formation of new reference groups affecting citizenship ethics. The results of path analysis also confirmed the positive effect of cyberspace in formation of new reference groups, and the most effect of this space was related to Instagram on celebrities as a new reference group. The results of path analysis also confirmed the positive and significant effect of new reference groups in formation of citizenship ethics in Iran. The most effect was also achieved on the indicators of respect for others, responsibility and acceptance of criticism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Challllenges and sttrattegiies off Tehran megallopollii devellopmentt case sttudy:: iisllamshah– robattkariim Diisttriict
Mohammad Allii Rajaeii Asghar Nazaryan Rahiim SarvarMetropolitan areas are One of the most important emerging phenomena in the past few decades, which have presented the different patterns of urbanization, settlement, city scaleEstimates indicate that the current problems in the region Tehran metropolitan, especially in MoreMetropolitan areas are One of the most important emerging phenomena in the past few decades, which have presented the different patterns of urbanization, settlement, city scaleEstimates indicate that the current problems in the region Tehran metropolitan, especially in the area of Islamshahr city of Robat Karim, such as unplanned and rapid development of population centers, the concentration of groups of low-income and poors, intensified separation of social groups, lack of economic and social diversity, absence of coherence and internal dynamics, increasing poverty, informal settlements, informal occupation, political - security problems, lack of infrastructure and, most importantly, the absence public participation in all aspects of the operation, in one hand and future prospects of the erea, on the other hand shows that using community-driven developments as an approach is important and necessary in order to rescue from the existing challenges and impasses and improving the quality of citizens life. Community-based development is an approach which can be a suitable solution for this issue. Community-based development is a process and a means of promoting participation and democratic governance which is appliable in various governance and socioeconomic fields.and implementation of its effectiveness amount in Tehran metropolitan, especially Islamshahr area – Robat Karim. The type of research is based on the Practical purpose, studying method and research nature. Moreover, bothe quantitative and qualitative data will be included. The main finding of this paper is on the basis of achieving social stability in Tehran metropolitan and its areas by considering and applying the community-driven development approach, not only, in serious policies and mechanisms used for reducing poverty and improving living standards, but also, in preventive policies for prevention of disorder production and distribution and naccessary attention to development approach and public participation as well. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Modeling of the Relation between Capability Approach and Community Based Approach Disaster Management
Armin Firoozpour Masoud daraei Ali Asghar SadabadiIntroduction and results: Frequent fluctuations of disaster management process in Iran and efforts in order to achieve an influential disaster management system and its successful conduct is still one of the existing challenges in this field. The presentation of the mod MoreIntroduction and results: Frequent fluctuations of disaster management process in Iran and efforts in order to achieve an influential disaster management system and its successful conduct is still one of the existing challenges in this field. The presentation of the modern approach of development entitled “the Capability Approach” by Amarty a Sen, the one and only Asian scientist who won the Noble prize for economics, on one hand and the acceptance of “the Community- Based approach” on the other hand, is considered as one of the newest theories of disaster management among the experts, which by exploiting the collaborative approaches and concentrating on stemming of vulnerability has placed emphasis on the achievement of stable development as its final goal. On the other hand, it caused efforts to be made in this article so while presenting a conceptual model, explain the mutual relation between these two approaches. Method: This project was shaped in the shadow of the hermeneutic approach, in which the researchers were seeking to present a phenomenological explanation in order to create a correct understanding of the two approaches of capability and community- based. For this purpose and to make a bond among abstract propositions in the process of this project and under the influence of rational epistemology, the analytical- logical method was applied and the final model of the project was rooted and extracted via applying research method. Findings: state the existence of a synergetic and interactive relation between these two approaches Conclusion: The results of the research state the existence of a synergetic and interactive relation between these two approaches. In reality, it can be stated that the community- based approach, is an effective tool and phenomenon for the expansion of the capability approach in the process of economic development. Mutually, the theoretic and philosophical depth of the capability approach can bring forth the optimum management and design of the community- based approach of disaster management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Facilitation and Flourishing of Local Capacities and Assets (Case Study: Jafarabad Neighborhood)
Sajjad Zangisheh hojt shekhi farhad bronkIntroduction: One of the most important missions of the facilitation is to identify the capacities and assets of the neighborhood and their flourishing in the direction of local community-based development and endogenous development. Social development is about putting MoreIntroduction: One of the most important missions of the facilitation is to identify the capacities and assets of the neighborhood and their flourishing in the direction of local community-based development and endogenous development. Social development is about putting human beings at the center of development theory. The social development approach emphasizes capacities and therefore empowerment is very important in it. In the transformation of planning approaches from the point of view of the need for base-based assets, attention has been paid to the capacities of the local community in order to empower the community. Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. To analyze the data and information, a combined method (quantitative and qualitative) appropriate to the subject has been used. Also, 461 questionnaires were distributed by simple random method and Cronbach's alpha value for the reliability test of the questionnaire was 0.874, which means that our scale has high validity and reliability. Questionnaire analysis was also performed using statistical methods in SPSS software. Findings: To focus on the assets of the Jafarabad neighborhood, one must first identify the assets. Accordingly, the key assets of the local community include influential people, local associations and clubs (CBOs), non-governmental organizations (NGOs), support-charitable centers, government agencies, physical assets (educational, sports facilities). And recreation, health and social services and other similar items (social relations, cultural assets, economic and financial assets, etc.) Accordingly, each neighborhood and local community has the conditions, capacities and assets that Relying on them, we can take steps to solve the problems of the neighborhood and the development of the local community.The research findings indicate the low capital and assets of Jafarabad neighborhood in all dimensions. Conclusion: To achieve local community-based development, identify and recognize the potentials and capacities of the neighborhood, the flourishing of local assets is a requirement. Also, by recognizing all the assets and capacities of the neighborhood and their prosperity, local community-based development can be achieved. They must be discovered and given wings and empowered to witness the flight of the neighborhood towards the ideals and goals of urban development. Unfortunately, in Jafarabad neighborhood, urban capacities and capitals have not been discovered and flourished, and this has caused the neighborhood to lag behind in development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - The study of neighborhood division and rupture In District 1 Tehran municipality
Yousef Gorgi Mahlabani Mohammad Behzadpour Faranak Saeedifard masoome jafariObjective: The aim of this study was to study the trend of neighborhood subdivision changes in region1 of Tehran municipality especially in Darakeh and Evin neighborhoods and It ends with the creation of small neighborhoods with social and cultural cohesion. Research m MoreObjective: The aim of this study was to study the trend of neighborhood subdivision changes in region1 of Tehran municipality especially in Darakeh and Evin neighborhoods and It ends with the creation of small neighborhoods with social and cultural cohesion. Research methods: The present study was conducted with the practical purpose and refer to authoritative sources of theoretical foundations, the whole statistical population are people and Derekah neighborhood councilors. According to Cochran's formula, 383 people were found and 80 people were randomly interviewed. In this study, descriptive statistics such as concentration and dispersion indices were used to illustrate the status quo and data were analyzed using SPSS software using one-group T-test and Friedman test. The boundary changes are also illustrated with a graphical approach in the GIS environment. In this study, we return to the traditional development approach (neo-urbanism theory), utilizing sustainable development indicators to minimize environmental and social problems. Findings and Conclusion: The results indicate that the indicators of social cohesion and cultural homogeneity, the impact of social relations on the formation of ossification of old neighborhoods, neighborhood center as one of the physical elements of the neighborhood in the physical structure of the city, rules and administrative issues, change the pattern of use of roads and physical expansion of the city, and finally the economic indicators, and some suggestions have been made in this regard. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Analysis of citizen participation in community management Case Study: Jamaran Neighborhood
علی Shamaei پرویز Aghaei سامان HeidariIntroduction and purpose of research: The most important factor involved in the local community and effective urban management is to achieve sustainable development. In the development, people must be seen; be given the opportunity to participate which could take the pa MoreIntroduction and purpose of research: The most important factor involved in the local community and effective urban management is to achieve sustainable development. In the development, people must be seen; be given the opportunity to participate which could take the path of development. In the present study, Participation in the management of the neighborhood's residents Jamaran authors analyzed are And strategies to attract people's participation in community management are proposed Methods: This descriptive-analytic study and application-development is the goal. Two methods of data collection and library survey questionnaire was conducted. The sample size was based on Cochran formula, 360 patients were selected. Findings: The rate of participation in the management of neighborhood resident’s Jamaran, at a low level; While Willingness to participate in a high level. Among those who contribute more than 50 percent of the Advisory Physical and economic participation and contributions are allocated to the lowest level. Between social variables and participation in neighborhood management, a significant positive correlation was obtained this means that the increase in social variables, turnout will increase. Conclusion: The development of community-based people's participation. Infrastructure necessary to participate in the management of neighborhood residents in the Jamaran to come, the residents who are interested in participating and that seems to be the obvious potential of local communities especially in terms of participation used. Guidelines in this regard should be provided That people have the ability to participate and neighborhood management in particular those not and all the people involved in neighborhood management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - A survey of Gologicakl Factotes and Effective on Human Community(Case study: Varzaghan)
mohammad reza zandmoghadamIntroduction and Aim: The role and importance of geological factors in the studies and planning of land use and planning today has a special position and importance, therefore, in this research, the characteristics of geological factors and their effect on the human set MoreIntroduction and Aim: The role and importance of geological factors in the studies and planning of land use and planning today has a special position and importance, therefore, in this research, the characteristics of geological factors and their effect on the human settlements of the entire Varzeghan city are investigated. which is considered as the main goal of the current research, has been discussed. Method: The statistical population of this research was made up of 60 geological experts. Since the statistical population in this research is limited, sampling is done using the full enumeration method and the entire statistical population is considered as a statistical sample. In the literature section of the research, the necessary materials were collected using books and other information banks, and in the statistical section, the results obtained with the exploratory method of a questionnaire based on a 5-point Likert scale were collected. Findings: Then, by using geographic information software (GIS) and also by using geological maps and faults of Varzeghan region and city, the zoning of risks and geological phenomena has been done. Conclusion: Finally, the vulnerability of settlements to geological phenomena has been qualitatively investigated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Promoting Social Vitality with a Community-Based Approach in Informal Settlements (Case Study: Koshtargah Neighborhood-Urmia)
Rasoul Darskhan Nima BayramzadehPurpose: The main purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between descriptive variables and social vitality in informal settlements, which ultimately in order to promote social vitality with a community-based approach and using neighborhood and extra-neigh MorePurpose: The main purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between descriptive variables and social vitality in informal settlements, which ultimately in order to promote social vitality with a community-based approach and using neighborhood and extra-neighborhood potentials to propose strategies. Method: The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. The materials used have been collected in the form of documentary and field impressions. Data collection tools are in several forms: observation, questionnaire, interview and filing. The statistical population of the study is the residents of the Koshtargah neighborhood and and according to Cochran's formula, the sample size is 372 people. Data analysis will be done both quantitatively and qualitatively. In the quantitative dimension of statistical methods and in the qualitative dimension, the results of statistical surveys and questionnaires are analyzed. Findings: According to Spearman and Mann-Whitney U test, the results of this study indicate the existence of an average direct relationship between the variables of marital status, education level, employment status, income level and social vitality and there is little inverse relationship between age and social vitality Also, according to the average rank, women have higher social vitality than men. Results: In order to empower and promote social vitality based on the potentials, neighborhood assets and community-based approach in the Koshtargah neighborhood, four types of strategies:SO, WO, ST, WT have been developed and presented for the neighborhood. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Testing Citizens’ Electronic Readiness in Establishing E-Government, E-Municipality, and E-Banking
مهرزاد سرفرازیThe present research’s aim is examining and testing citizens’ electronic readiness in accord with utilizing IT and making use of e-governmental services, e-banking, and e-municipality in the citizens domiciled in Larestan, Grash, Evaz, Khonj, and Beiram. Sta MoreThe present research’s aim is examining and testing citizens’ electronic readiness in accord with utilizing IT and making use of e-governmental services, e-banking, and e-municipality in the citizens domiciled in Larestan, Grash, Evaz, Khonj, and Beiram. Statistical community of this research includes the citizens older than 17 that contain 8500 people. This research has been chosen based on the formula of the sample bulk haphazardly by making use of the cluster –sampling method. The research questioner includes 30 questions that have been written based on the research questions by the researcher. For narrative testing the questioner has made use of the narrative concerning its content and for accounting validity indices all the measurements in this research have been done by Kronbakh Alpha method. Analyzing the data in the present research has been conducted in both descriptive and deductive layers of statistics. The data in this research questions indicate that if the government provide the citizens with necessary foundations for rendering the services in IT and internet, the citizens are ready to accept and utilize electronic services presented by the banks, municipalities, and governmental organizations via internet. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Evaluation of the Performance of Durable and Safe Houses Affiliated to Tehran Municipality in Order to Promote Community-Oriented Participation of Citizens in Crises
shahin Mozaffari Morteza shafiee Hamid Mamoodian AtaAbadiIntroduction and purpose: It is not possible to implement comprehensive programs in the field of crisis management without the conscious participation of citizens, and it is necessary to plan with institutional capacity building and their empowerment in crises. In this MoreIntroduction and purpose: It is not possible to implement comprehensive programs in the field of crisis management without the conscious participation of citizens, and it is necessary to plan with institutional capacity building and their empowerment in crises. In this regard, Tehran Municipality has started a popular and voluntary organization in the neighborhood house with the title of Durability and Safety House, so the purpose of this research is to provide a mathematical model to evaluate the performance of these Durability and Safety Houses affiliated with Tehran Municipality in order to promote community-oriented participation of citizens in crises. Method: The research method used in this research is applied in nature and its method is contextual-case. Also, a combination of two field and library methods has been used to collect data. In line with data analysis, the mathematical model of Rough Data Envelopment analysis has been used. Also, the statistical population of this research, in terms of examining the efficiency of durable and safe houses, includes 22 durable and safe houses, and in terms of determining the effective indicators in their selection, it includes 55 experts in crisis matters, and due to the limited nature of the society, all members of the society were considered as a statistical sample. Findings: The findings indicate that among the 22 durability and safety houses investigated, 11 areas are efficient and the rest are ineffective. Conclusion: Considering the central role of durability and safety houses and the participation of citizens in preventing the occurrence of crises, the need to stabilize and measure their performance and efficiency is of great importance. In this regard, it is necessary for the municipalities to cooperate as much as possible with the citizens and formulate coherent plans and implement them in durable and safe houses in order to reduce the scope of the crisis during and after it occurs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Similarity of Concept and Function of Good and Evil Forces in Ancient Iran and the Dead Sea Scrolls
طاهره حاج ابراهیمی علی قادری اردکانیThe manuscripts unearthed in 1947 between the border of Israel andJordan on the shore of the Dead Sea are known as The Dead SeaScrolls. They belong to Essenes who had cut off from the main body ofJudaism in opposition and constituted a community known as Qumran.There ar MoreThe manuscripts unearthed in 1947 between the border of Israel andJordan on the shore of the Dead Sea are known as The Dead SeaScrolls. They belong to Essenes who had cut off from the main body ofJudaism in opposition and constituted a community known as Qumran.There are interesting concepts in the Scrolls that are very similar toZoroastrian ideas. The main idea in the Dead Sea Scrolls is the war ofthe Sons of Light against the Sons of Darkness which is similar to thecontrast between Ahura Mazda and Ahriman in Zoroastrian mythology.The confrontation of the Good and the Evil leads to a universal warbetween angels and demons which finally by the victory of the Goodforces comes to an end. Moreover, in both traditions the Good and Evilforces are organized in a precise hierarchy. Since these concepts areabsent in the early Jewish traditions and Hebrew Bible, some scholarsbelieve that they appear in Jewish tradition under the influence ofZoroastrianism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Ahmad Jām’s Social Approach to his Contemporary Religious Guilds
محمود Sheikh Zahra AmirkhanIn the works of Shaikh Ahmad Jām (11-12 A.D), besides his attention to mystical and moral issues, he often considers the social problems. By employing content analysis method, this article tries to describe his approach towards his contemporary religious guilds. Accordi MoreIn the works of Shaikh Ahmad Jām (11-12 A.D), besides his attention to mystical and moral issues, he often considers the social problems. By employing content analysis method, this article tries to describe his approach towards his contemporary religious guilds. According to his works, one can distinguish three different classes in the religious community: firstly the sacred characters who are completely acceptable, such as ascetics, mystics and sages. Secondly, a group that consists of good and bad characters, such as Sufis and Dervishes. Thirdly a group that consists of hypocrites who just care about the outside elements of the religion. From this categorization, it is obvious that Shaikh Jām just preoccupied with religious community and did not pay attention to other classes of society, such as rulers and merchants. Moreover, he numerated the attributes of these classes from which one can guess his focus was on the ethics and spirituality and he did not concern about socio-political issues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Studing the Role of Education in Raising the Ecological Literacy of the Rural Community (Case Study: Aftabdar Village in Qazvin Alamut Region)
hossein medi Atefeh khani alamoutiBackground and Objective: By reviewing human activities during last decades, it seems that inappropriate human activities and changes in the environment caused immense ecological problems and sometimes it is irreparable. Ecosystems in the nature are so various and destr MoreBackground and Objective: By reviewing human activities during last decades, it seems that inappropriate human activities and changes in the environment caused immense ecological problems and sometimes it is irreparable. Ecosystems in the nature are so various and destruction of one gradually destroys the entire ecosystem and thus will disturb the ecology of the area. The result of this article is: Understanding Mechanisms and Construction Method in Mountainous Regions and Ecosystems, The training of environmental and animal sensitivities, attractiveness and attraction (rivers, lands, soils, etc.) and the energy available in the region to people, gardeners, agricultural technicians, etc., using new and appropriate methods instead of past Old and obsolete methods & The need to remind and show the damage that has been inflicted by people outside the area to the targeted area. Since there have been a few numbers of ecological studies in Qazvin, and even in Iran, and because of diverse animal and plant species and natural, lack of biological resources and abundant internal energy region of Alamout, recognition the species and finally to educate the results of the investigation to people are required. Method: Our research method is survey and the analysis of research hypotheses test is done by using the deductive method and SPSS software. Findings: Due to these requirements, the study is based on interviews with experts from the Department of Environment, Agriculture, Agricultural Research Center of Qazvin _ and several professors of Imam Khomeini International University and a group of experts and CEOs of cooperatives and even people in order to analyze the importance of Ecological education. Discussion and Conclusion: In the following sections, with review these statistics and the results achievement Descriptive and analytical analysis (Independent T-test and Levin, Cronbach's alpha, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Friedman test), in SPSS software it can be concluded that education is one of the key factors in the promotion of ecological knowledge In the rural community. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - The New observation of relation between community of law and protection of environment in Iranian legal system (by approach to claim-right)
Shahab Haeri Esfehani Ali mashhadiEnvironmental Law, enjoying a unique position in various legal systems of countries, is one of the significant majors of Public Law. The importance of the topic is due to the fact that Sustainable Development, as a fundamental concept, could only be achieved through its MoreEnvironmental Law, enjoying a unique position in various legal systems of countries, is one of the significant majors of Public Law. The importance of the topic is due to the fact that Sustainable Development, as a fundamental concept, could only be achieved through its relation with this legal filed. Great importance has been attached to this matter to the extent that it has been identified as a necessary process by international conventions. Recently, in Iran’s legal system, the Environment Law has been studied within the framework of Community Law breaching of which would be subject to criminal punishment. The main goal of the present study is to elaborate on the claim right essence of the Environmental Law and to provide required protective solutions. In this article, the legal foundation of the Environmental Law has been reviewed and it has been revealed that the legislative body of the country, in spite of its claim-right nature, has not been successful in this regard and it is also possible to recognize Environmental Law as a Sustainable Development right. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - The Study of Theoretical Approach of Natural Disaster Management in Iran using Meta-analysis
Mehdi Nojavan Esmail Salehi Babak Omidvar Shahrzad FaryadiBackground and objective: Population growth and unplanned urban development has led to increase the risk of disaster in urban areas. Achievement to knowledge and ways to deal with disasters, have attracted attention of residents and researchers to natural disaster manag MoreBackground and objective: Population growth and unplanned urban development has led to increase the risk of disaster in urban areas. Achievement to knowledge and ways to deal with disasters, have attracted attention of residents and researchers to natural disaster management. The number and variety of published scientific papers in the field of natural disasters is one of the reliable proofs for showing the trend of researchers to this field. The objective of this research is meta-analyzing the published papers in Persian scientific journals. Material and Methodogy: For meta-analyzing of theoretical approach of Natural Disaster Management in Iran, initially 29 journals are selected. Then 454 papers are selected among these journals. These papers have been published from 2002 to 2016. Finally, for analyzing the papers, the analyzing criteria such as research methodology, sampling method and planning model and approach are determined using the expert’s opinion. Findings: The map of studies distribution showed that Tehran, Khorasan-e-Razavi, and Azerbaijan-e-sharghi provinces have been considered in a lot of papers. Results showed that physical approach is the dominant approach in the studies which is a weakness in papers. Also disregarding the scientific principle of research methodology such as absence of sampling, reliability, and validity is the other weakness of studies. Discussion and Conclusion: Considering the dominant approach in the previous studies, studying and using the community-based and organizational approaches in the future researches is proposed. The policies of scientific journals in publishing applied papers is led to aggregation of these papers in the journals. So it is proposed due to importance of theoretical and fundamental studies and identifying indicators in the field of disaster management, scientific journals would have special attention to theoretical papers in this context and providing the condition to presentation of more theoretical and fundamental papers in this subject. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Evaluating the Resilience of Local Communities in Isfahan to Zayandehrood River and Madies’ Drying up
Melikasadat Amirzadeh Naser BarakpourBackground and Objective: Zayandehrood River is the largest river of central Iran, which passes through the city of Isfahan. This river has constantly contributed to the growth of Isfahan and, throughout the history, has provided the city with a green landscape, despite MoreBackground and Objective: Zayandehrood River is the largest river of central Iran, which passes through the city of Isfahan. This river has constantly contributed to the growth of Isfahan and, throughout the history, has provided the city with a green landscape, despite the hot and arid climate of the region. Moreover, Madies are neighborhood aqua-ducts from Zayandehrood, initially developed for agricultural purposes and, as the city developed, turned into greenways for urban fabric. These aqua-ducts have been one of the major infrastructural elements of neighborhoods with key ecological and social roles. Recently, Zayandehrood’s drying up has become one of the most important incidents with devastating impacts on Isfahan and its local communities. Madies’ drying up has had negative impacts on the neighborhoods’ sense of place as well as local communities’ lives. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the resilience of two local communities in the vicinity of Madies in Isfahan, namely Abbas Abad and Barazandeh districts.Material and Methodology: This research incorporated survey and secondary data analysis to evaluate the resilience of these communities. The research was conducted based on a pre-developed community resilience framework. Overall, 22 authorities and experts from the Municipality of Isfahan and 379 residents from the two local communities were surveyed. Afterwards, the resulting data was analyzed quantitatively through SPSS software.Findings: The findings show that the overall community resilience level is below the moderate level. The lowest score, belonging to local institutional/governance factors, is 1.7 and the highest score is 3.25, a few points higher than the moderate level. The latter score belongs to spatio-physical factors in Abbas Abad district.Discussion and Conclusion: Community resilience is not limited to the ability of communities in withstanding adverse situations. Although the local communities of Isfahan are apparently accustomed to the status quo, the overall score of community resilience of these communities is below the moderate level. Therefore, there should be strategies to enhance the resilience of local communities in the city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Barriers of Social Participation of Citizens in Urban Environment Using the SWOT Method and Approaches for Improving Environmental Sustainability
Akramolok lahijanian ُShadi shiehbeikiBackground & Aims: Participation is a process that involves all people and groups actively. Participation by Abhouf and Cohen means decision-making, implementation, evaluation, since the division of profits. Based on the theory of H.C.Tree, all people are sharing in MoreBackground & Aims: Participation is a process that involves all people and groups actively. Participation by Abhouf and Cohen means decision-making, implementation, evaluation, since the division of profits. Based on the theory of H.C.Tree, all people are sharing in the profits. The aim of this research is investigation of barriers of public participation in environment by SWOT and presents some suggestions for promoting environment .This research is descriptive survey and the questionnaire was used to gather information Method: The population of the study area limits 4 (Neighborhood S. Smiley, Davoudieh), of Section 5 (Darrus neighborhood, Gohak) and the District 6 (Neighborhood cassock and Tavusiyeh) Tehran to 3,800 people. Sample size and sampling method, 380 cluster is estimated based on the theories of Weber's conceptual framework, Humez, Lerner, Guy, drama, Uccle and Marsiden and Parsons organize and design. Study the relationship between gender, employment status, marital status, education, satisfaction with municipal services, membership in social organizations and social barriers to the participation of citizens is examined. To test the hypothesis test is a sample of the T test is organized. Results: The results of the bivariate analysis revealed a significant association between these variables other than social participation. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the independent variables explain the dependent variables have different variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Introducing Community Garden and Its Role in Sustainable Urban Development
Sajjad Shamshiri Hassan DarabiUrbanization and urban development is accompanied by serious challenges. Achieving sustainability in this environment is very difficult due to the diversity of interest groups. Among this, occurred a small but effective movement during the same conflict evolved in urban MoreUrbanization and urban development is accompanied by serious challenges. Achieving sustainability in this environment is very difficult due to the diversity of interest groups. Among this, occurred a small but effective movement during the same conflict evolved in urban environments, a reflection of the aspects of sustainable development are considered. Community Garden endogenous movement, micro and limit the role and function at different scales is extremely diverse. Therefore to serve in the process of sustainable urban development. In this context, in attempts to analyze the literature survey, a systematic method based on lifecycle affected by attempts to investigate the nature, role and functions of the community gardens. Community-based survey shows that gardens are the multiple functions that reflect a range of strategies win – win. Community Garden are very affordable but very effective tool for urban administrators(economic, social, environmental) that can provide multiple functions will play their role in improving the quality of urban life.community gardens is clear example of achieve great changes in small movement, based on Chaos Theory that emphasizes the minimum conveniences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Surveying Green roofs’ Components
Elma Mohammadi Seyed hamed Mirkarimi Marjan MohammadzadehIn recent years, there has been a great attitude toward creating green roofs in the world and our country. To fulfil consumer expectations different green systems has being introduced. As a result, there are variety of ways in order to implicate green roofs that can mak MoreIn recent years, there has been a great attitude toward creating green roofs in the world and our country. To fulfil consumer expectations different green systems has being introduced. As a result, there are variety of ways in order to implicate green roofs that can make it hard to decide which one to choose. In this paper after surveying and introducing some of the most used ways of creating a green roof and their components, indispensable layers of a green roof were identified and a generalized scheme of them was introduced and shown. These essential layers were respectively: roofing membrane, waterproof membrane, drainage, soil filter, growing medium or soil, and plants. At the end, given that the cost of creating a green roof is one of the important obstacles in its’ propagation, some solutions were offered. Introducing variant layers and their applications will help to choose a suitable structure for a green roof. This choice must be taken according to local conditions like climate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Naturalistic view of Chubak and Zola in “Assomoir” and “Purple shirt”
Mahboobe Fahimkalam Mohammad Reza Mohseni Behzad HashemiEmile Zola is one of the prominent French writers in the 19th century and one of the famous figures in the field of fiction who is highly interested in describing the facts of his community and in presenting the documented and evil effects of social corru MoreEmile Zola is one of the prominent French writers in the 19th century and one of the famous figures in the field of fiction who is highly interested in describing the facts of his community and in presenting the documented and evil effects of social corruption, especially among the vulnerable. Among Iranian novelists, Chubak also tends more to show the ugliness of society.We aim in this study to deal with the main themes of these two writers’ works as well as their preferred language,their writing style and finally the outstanding features of their fiction characters to show the naturalistic view of both authors especially in the “Assomoir” and “Purple shirt”. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Using the term “Ummah” from the Linguistic View and Inclusion in the Holy Quran
hossain shams abadi mehdi momtahenAbstract Use of language as a social phenomenon and a social life necessity, is a feature of socialized human. Linguistic studies in the Arab began to appear world with the revelation of the Quran. Terms are a part of language and to study the emergence, growth and tra MoreAbstract Use of language as a social phenomenon and a social life necessity, is a feature of socialized human. Linguistic studies in the Arab began to appear world with the revelation of the Quran. Terms are a part of language and to study the emergence, growth and transformation, meaning and function of words is a part of linguistic knowledge. In this research we aim to clarify the position of the Holy Quran as a unique phenomenon among other linguistic phenomena from the perspective of linguistics. Use of this term presents the widespread view of the Holy Qur'an and it is considered a miracle in style and text that is special to the Holy Qur'an. On this basis, from the perspective of linguistic we look at the linguistic competence of the Holy Quran and we will study the use of the word “Ummah” and the symbols of its superiority in terms of its obligations and duties, and acceptance by the people, and eventually great commentators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Analysis of the Quranic Function of Social Unity from the Perspective of Allamah Tabatabie
Sayed Mahdi Soltani Renani mohammadreza haji esmaeeli Muhammad Reza Sotudenia Sayed Mahdi LotfiOne of the social functions of Holy Quran in human life from Allmah Tabatabaie's point of view is the creation and expansion of social unity. He considers the unity as an element causing the honor and power of the Muslim community and regards it as God's gift. He believ MoreOne of the social functions of Holy Quran in human life from Allmah Tabatabaie's point of view is the creation and expansion of social unity. He considers the unity as an element causing the honor and power of the Muslim community and regards it as God's gift. He believes that Quranic suggestion for achieving this goal is to have plan for its expansion not just in words but in practice and adds that Quran besides designing and strengthening unity has mentioned the factors of schism as the social barriers of realizing unity. Quran has also tried to fight against the factors of schism and suggested practical solutions. The present study emphasizes the importance and situation of social unity in human life by highlighting Allamah Tabatabaie's views in al-Mizan and discusses about its Quranic functions, its barriers and solutions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Features free on criminal punishment for public service
Seyed Mehdi Hosseini سید محمود میرخلیلیWith regard to the ineffectiveness of short-term prison sentences, particularly in terms of deterrence and reform and the treatment of offenders Leaving the offender from society and acquaint him with the prison culture and considering the problems such as the spread of MoreWith regard to the ineffectiveness of short-term prison sentences, particularly in terms of deterrence and reform and the treatment of offenders Leaving the offender from society and acquaint him with the prison culture and considering the problems such as the spread of drugs in prisons,Outbreaks of infectious diseases and violence, countries are seeking to use alternative punishment to imprisonment as penalties community Known also fell, Iranian legislator in 1392. Non-custodial penalties into Islamic Penal Code, one Parts of this free public service institution or public utility services is the same court judges the conditions provided You can keep offenders in prison by the judge responsible for implementing sentences without the benefit of society without pay to work Them. According to some judges to implement the punishment should fit well in the context of the government and the judiciary, Administrative fields examined in society and be fully aware of the community. However, this institution is running in some provinces of the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Social Thoughts as Seen from the Viewpoints of Rumi and Iqbal
Ali Mohammad Moazzeni Shiva Heydari -
Open Access Article
72 - Sociological explanation of the process of formation of new reference groups and their impact on the formation of citizenship ethics in Iran in the last three decades
معصومه باشی سیف اله سیف اللهیMasoumeh Bashi PhD in Sociology of Social Groups, Faculty of Social Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Seifullah Seifullahi Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Az MoreMasoumeh Bashi PhD in Sociology of Social Groups, Faculty of Social Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Seifullah Seifullahi Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. (Responding Author): rped_almizan@yahoo.com Today, with the intensification of the process of modernity and postmodernity, the production and growth of various technologies, followed by increasing changes in various areas of social, economic, cultural and .... Meanwhile, influential reference groups in the field of citizenship ethics have undergone important changes, including changes in their patterns, methods and values. The present study, with regard to this important issue and with the aim of "sociological explanation of the process of formation of new reference groups and their impact on the formation of citizenship ethics in Iran in the last three decades" in a qualitative way in the academic year 99-98 was implemented. The theoretical framework of the research was formed by combining the theories of "Durkheim, Parsons, Habermas, Giddens, Wallerstein, Merton and Saifullah's approach". Purposeful sampling was used and data were collected by interview technique and a semi-structured questionnaire. The study population was the professors of the two faculties of social sciences of Tehran Azad University and the center of science and research. The sample size was up to data saturation interview (21 people). Based on the findings, citizenship in Iran in the true sense was not formed and the situation of citizenship ethics in Iran was assessed as weak. Also, factors within the community, external factors, cyberspace and mass media have influenced the formation of new reference groups in the last three decades in Iran. New reference groups have also been influential in the formation of citizenship ethics in Iran over the past three decades. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - The Role of Neighborhood Development Institution in Realizing Sustainable Urban Regeneration Goals with Integrated Approach Case Study: (Rey Gateway Neighborhood in Qom)
Fahimeh Fattahizadeh Saeed Yazdani Alireza Shaykh al-Islami Giti Etemad -
Open Access Article
74 - Detect Stable Community in Dynamic Social Networks Using Influential Nodes
Taleb khafaei Alireza Tavakoli Taraghi Mehdi Hoseyn Zadeh Ali RezaeeSocial networks have found many applications in people's daily lives today so that identifying the behavior of members of these types of networks and associations within them is of particular importance. Due to the structure and the way of communication between the memb MoreSocial networks have found many applications in people's daily lives today so that identifying the behavior of members of these types of networks and associations within them is of particular importance. Due to the structure and the way of communication between the members of social networks, some members within this type of network have more important roles than other members. In this study, a method for identifying more important communities was discussed. For this purpose, new features were introduced using network centralization features and then the importance of this type of feature was investigated by Rough set theory. The experimental results showed that by increasing the number of popular nodes among a community where introduced in this study and at the same time decreasing the value of density, betweenness, and closeness centrality features of that community, it causes the effect of the number of popular nodes on the community will remain more evident. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Analyzing critical parables in Farrokhi's and Forough poems with the approach of social influences
Hosein Mehrabibardar mohammadali sharifiyan rajab fakhraeiyanCritical parables are one of the last tools of elite thinkers and poets to protest against the atmosphere of suffocation and suffocation prevailing in the society. The importance of this research is to know that in a society reform is formed in the real sense and growth MoreCritical parables are one of the last tools of elite thinkers and poets to protest against the atmosphere of suffocation and suffocation prevailing in the society. The importance of this research is to know that in a society reform is formed in the real sense and growth and perfection are realized, that critiques based on reasoning from the intellectual class become common. The purpose of this research is to examine Farrokhi's allegorical-critical poems along with similar examples from the Holy Quran, Nahj al-Balagha and great poets, especially with a descriptive-analytical method based on library sources, and the critical view of Farrokhi in his allegorical poems according to the prevailing conditions. to be analyzed in the bowl of social literature on its own time. No background was found on the topic of critical parables of Farrokhi poems. The method of research was extracting allegorical-critical poems in Divan and analyzing them. The question is whether the allegorical criticisms of Farrokhi had an impact on the social developments of that time or not? He sees no other way than to express the facts in the form of plain and sometimes allegorical, metaphorical and ironic prose. Because he has tried the path of evangelism and gossip before, like all the freedom fighters of history, he knows the hard end, but he believes that he keeps the light of awareness on, and because his choice is a conscious courage, even if his life is on the line, he conveys his words and his message. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - An allegorical approach to affection and anger in the Siah Galash legend
habiballah ghoamdoust ali mohammad moazani jahandoust sabz ali pour sourallah nouruziOne of the most mysterious beliefs among the ranchers of Guilan is the belief in a legend called Siah Galash which over time has been intertwined with reality and fantasy and has found a special place in the formation of their cultural identity. Because of his immortali MoreOne of the most mysterious beliefs among the ranchers of Guilan is the belief in a legend called Siah Galash which over time has been intertwined with reality and fantasy and has found a special place in the formation of their cultural identity. Because of his immortality and blessing power, the hero of this myth has been considered as equal as their religious leaders in the people's minds and there are different narrations about his actions in regulating the laws of hunting and production of dairy products and environmental protection. Accordingly, after a short speech in explaining the main identity of this living and active legend and expressing the differences and its narrative commonalities in different regions of Guilan as well as, for the purpose of, obtaining applied answers regarding the function of allegory in different narrations and finally, can allegory play a useful role in rehabilitating the thoughts of the listeners? Or can it be effective in organizing the implementation of social rules among the community of ranchers? And in the case of the existence of positive answers, how much can it be effective? Brief discussion about the nature of allegory in rhetoric, examination the allegorical approach of love and anger, which is considered to be one of the constituent elements of Siah Galash's personality, are also the objectives of this research. This research is new as it is not done before and it is done in a descriptive-analytical method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - The Influence of Rehabilitation Course of Psychological Services in Addicts Negative Self Concept, Anxiety, Depression and Self-Esteem in The Rapeutic Communing Center of Ahwaz
ساسان باوی محمد رضا برناThe purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of rehabilitation course of Psycho-logical services in negative self concept , anxie-ty, epression and self esteem addicted men in therapeutic community center of Ahwaz in 2007-2008. esearch plan is of quasiexp MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of rehabilitation course of Psycho-logical services in negative self concept , anxie-ty, epression and self esteem addicted men in therapeutic community center of Ahwaz in 2007-2008. esearch plan is of quasiexperimen-tal "pretest- posttest" with one group. The sam-ple of the research were 50 men from the well being – volantry in therapeutic community cen-ter in Ahvwaz.the tools of the research are Rogers's self concept test, Cattel's anxiety test, Beck's depression test and Copper Smith's self esteem test .the results show that the presenta-tion of the psychological services in therapeutic community center of Ahwaz reduced the mean of negative self oncept, depression, an-xiety and increased the mean of selt esteem in the addicted men. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Increasing the accuracy of identifying overlapping communities using weighted edges
Iraj Teymouri Mehdi AfzaliIn recent years, several algorithms have been proposed for detection in complex networks. It should be noted that wuth regarding the features of these communities, one of the existing methods for identifying communities, is providing an algorithms for weighting the edge MoreIn recent years, several algorithms have been proposed for detection in complex networks. It should be noted that wuth regarding the features of these communities, one of the existing methods for identifying communities, is providing an algorithms for weighting the edges of the network as the weight of the edges of the communities are incresed and at the same time the weight of the edges between communities are reduced. Therefore the distinction between communities could be identified simply. In the proposed method with useing the process of weighting the edges, we distinguish between the nodes that are more similar to each other and the nodes that have slight similarity. i.e. by assigning the weight with using the proposed criteria in some algorithms, the edges with more weight will have a greater role in determining the population.According that there is a positive correlation between similarity measures and community structures, the results of the tests shows that using local similarity measures as the weight of edges for some algorithms, causes an increase in the accuracy of communities recognition. These algorithms use the degree of the nodes as one of the network characteristics for computing the cores absorbing ability for communities formation. For example, in the case of Real Networks, running WHD-EM algorithm on the High school network, discovers the communities with the NMI=0.6652 and the purity criteria equal to 0.9845. Also it should be noted that some algorithms such as CPM, OSLOM and LINK in terms of NMI criteria, are better. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Study of Spirituality and Faith on Strengthening Public Culture from the Standpoints of the Quran, Hadith, and Mysticism
Hossein Rahmani tirkalaii Mohammad Sadegh Jamshidi Rad Farhad Mohammadnejad Mahnaz RefieiIslamic-Iranian culture, despite its richness, has been damaged by the destruction of cultural boundaries and the invasion of the dominant Western culture. Promoting the general culture of the masses is the need of human societies today. The prevalence of harm and the l MoreIslamic-Iranian culture, despite its richness, has been damaged by the destruction of cultural boundaries and the invasion of the dominant Western culture. Promoting the general culture of the masses is the need of human societies today. The prevalence of harm and the lack of moral virtues are degrading societies. In Islamic Iran, the need to promote public culture in order to achieve a new Islamic civilization, invites us to know the principles and infrastructure of the original Islamic culture. Religion of Islam, Shiite religion and Islamic mysticism have given us the most complete divine commands and standards to build the best lifestyle with spirituality and have provided us with the teachings of the Holy Quran and revelatory teachings. But the prerequisite for it is faith and spirituality. Belief in God, acknowledgment of monotheism and resurrection, unseen and revelation, The mission of the Holy Prophet and the Imamate of the Imams, It is the basic duty of believers in a religious community. Since faith is the only cause of internal changes in society, by searching in valid religious and mystical texts, we extract and categorize topics, and we conclude that the more people's faith increases, the possibility of epistemological and social faith and achieving the most complete public culture. increase. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Evaluating the effects of participation and commitment of the local community and sustainable security on the realization of balanced and sustainable urban development (case study: Naqdeh city)
Zahra Mohammadi Reza Valizadeh Ali PanahiOne of the most important steps to achieve balanced and sustainable development is identifying and adapting the city's capacities with balanced and suitable development capacities to utilize maximum capacity service capacities. The unbalanced development of Naqadeh city MoreOne of the most important steps to achieve balanced and sustainable development is identifying and adapting the city's capacities with balanced and suitable development capacities to utilize maximum capacity service capacities. The unbalanced development of Naqadeh city is a dynamic and continuous process and today has become one of the problems of urban spaces during which urban areas and their physical spaces in vertical and horizontal directions have caused the city to expand outside the city limits. Therefore, determining the direction and manner of physical expansion of the city to meet the current needs and forecasting for future needs is essential for urban planners and managers. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of participation and commitment of local community and sustainable security on the research of balanced and sustainable development of Naqadeh in the form of a correlation survey research project. The statistical population of this study was about 127,671 male and female citizens of Naqadeh according to the statistics obtained from Naqadeh governorate. According to the statistical population, the sample was calculated by multi-stage cluster sampling using Cochrane formula with 95% confidence level. The number was 383 (253 males and 130 females). Balanced development, sustainable development, participation and commitment questionnaires of local community, sustainable security were used to collect data. To analyze the data, structural equations (SEM) method with the approach of partial least squares and smartpls3 software has been used. In line with the aim of the research, it was concluded that according to the path coefficient of 0.098 and also considering the amount of T for the first part of the hypothesis (participation and commitment of the local community to the research of balanced and sustainable development) which is equal to 2.523. Also, considering the path coefficient of 0.809 and also considering the amount of T for the second part of the hypothesis (sustainable security on the basis of balanced and sustainable development) which is equal to 25.881. Based on the findings of the research, it can be claimed that the participation and commitment of the local community and sustainable security play an essential role in the realization of balanced and sustainable development of Naqadeh.Extended AbstractIntroduction: due to the increasing urbanization and vulnerability of individuals to environmental-environmental conditions, it is more necessary to pay attention to the issues and principles that provide comfort, security and tranquility for the residents of the city so that planners at the macro level for years not too long ago plan in accordance with the population pyramid. In this regard, considering the demographic conditions and lack of sufficient studies to study the indicators of balanced and sustainable development in Naqadeh city, the present study aimed to evaluate the indicators of balanced and sustainable development in this city. Accordingly, in this research, indicators of participation, commitment of local community, sustainable security and balanced and stable development have been used and the main hypothesis of the research is that participation and commitment of local community and sustainable security have an impact on the realization of balanced and sustainable development of Naqadeh city. It has been studied, evaluated and evaluated.Methodology:This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical method. The population of male and female citizens of Naqadeh city, based on the data of the Statistical Center of Iran and the last general census of population and housing in 2016, is equal to 127,671 people, which is the statistical population of the study. Based on cochran formula calculation and with 5% error coefficient, 383 subjects (253 males and 130 females) were selected as the statistical sample. To analyze the data, structural equations (SEM) method with the approach of partial least squares and smartpls3 software has been used. The research tool in the survey section is a questionnaire. The first part includes demographic information and the second part is related to the variables and items of the research. The questionnaire includes 49 questions.Results and discussion:Based on the scores obtained from the sample and performing the T-test, a sample of the results of the analysis is mentioned in Table 3. As can be seen, the Sig value, which is equal to 0.000, is smaller than α=0.05, and the T statistic value is 21.248, which is greater than +1.96. The overall result will be explained in such a way that in terms of balanced and sustainable development according to the average of the society (4.611) is in the desired situation. Standardized factor loads and T-statistics between all items and hidden variables are more than 1.96 and the significance level is less than 0.05.The coefficient of determination shows that more than 75% of the changes are dependent on The variable of sustainable security and more than 90% of the changes depends on the balanced and sustainable development variable and explains it, and the rest of these changes are dependent on other factors and components that In the model and research is not considered according to table 9, it is concluded that since the calculated t statistics is 19.963 and more than 1.96, therefore, the participation and commitment of the local community and sustainable security are significant in the respect of balanced and sustainable development.Conclusion:The findings show that the research model was accepted considering the extracted mean variance indices, compound reliability, Cronbach's alpha. Also, considering the amount of T for the first part of the hypothesis (the participation and commitment of the local community to the endowment of balanced and sustainable development) which is equal to 2.523. Also, considering the path coefficient of 0.809 and also considering the amount of T for the second part of the hypothesis (sustainable security on the realization of balanced and sustainable development) which is equal to 25.881 and based on the research findings, it can be claimed that the participation and commitment of the local community and sustainable security have an essential role in the realization of balanced and sustainable development of Naqadeh city. This hypothesis is confirmed at 99% confidence level Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Policy-making of Promotion the Local Management Status in Informal Settlements
Nima Bayramzadeh Amin Shahsavar Morteza Baghban Novini The main purpose of this study is policy is policy-making of promotion the local management status in informal settlements with community-based approach. The method of the present research is descriptive-analytical and the method of data c More The main purpose of this study is policy is policy-making of promotion the local management status in informal settlements with community-based approach. The method of the present research is descriptive-analytical and the method of data collection and information is survey. Two library and field methods have been used in order to study and formulate theoretical foundations related to the research topic. The SWOT model has also been used to analyze the data. Whereas the mechanism of the council's internal relations must move from "secretary-centered" to "council-centered"; The council and the municipality should have an efficient and transparent model, maintaining the independence of the supervisory body (council and council) from the executive body (municipality) in the type of neighborhood administration, considering the existence of three sides; The district municipality, the neighborhood house and the council in each neighborhood. Therefore, it seems that the project, due to its goal of empowering neighborhoods, can be effective in empowering and creating a communication channel between government organizations and neighborhoods. The results show that in order to improve the current situation of local management, certain combined strategies should be used, which are: Low-top planning with a combination of collective votes, Existence of a valid database in line with the requirements for neighborhood management, Increasing the participation of neighborhood residents with awareness in the field of neighborhood management and housing, Legal and constructive interaction of the urban management complex with the citizens and residents of the neighborhood.Extended AbstractIntroduction: In recent decades, with dramatic changes in the spatial structure of urban neighborhoods, their political, social and economic role has diminished and deficiencies such as environmental pollution, unemployment, poverty, marginalization, housing, socio-psychological and cultural damage, especially the loss of material and spiritual capital. In today's local society, citizen participation in the management of urban affairs has decreased and the level of local community participation in the design of urban neighborhoods has decreased, which has made the urban management system inefficient and so, it requires structural reform and maximum use of partnership management. The main purpose of local community development is to help the local community to build capacity and participation of residents for development, to solve economic, social, environmental and cultural problems and on the other hand, the purpose of local community planning is to improve the effectiveness of public services to meet people's needs. Local communities and improving the quality of life for all. In this regard, a people's aid-council was established with the aim of facilitating local problem-solving mechanisms with a participatory approach. Aid-Councilors at the neighborhood level through direct communication with local residents and through non-governmental organizations should identify the needs, shortcomings and limitations of the neighborhood, and since aid-councilors do not have executive guarantees, problems should be solved by interacting with executive bodies. Informal settlements are one of the main challenges of urban management and knowing the patterns in these settlements will help to manage this type of housing. Empowerment of local communities is a new approach to solving the problem of urban poverty, which no longer considers building engineering and injection of mere financial resources as the solution, but social engineering with the support and facilitation of the public sector and local and non-governmental organizations and active participation. The main purpose of this study is to present a proposed strategy to launch neighborhood management in informal settlements with a community-based approach that has sub-objectives; Assigning local decision-making to the local community, increasing the participation of local people, improving the conditions for effective communication with interventionist organizations, and empowering the mentioned neighborhoods. Given the importance of the issue, it seems that the existence of local management and neighborhood housing in informal settlements is effective in improving the current situation of the neighborhood economically, socially, physically and creating a channel of communication with city managers.Materials and Methods: The method of the present research is descriptive-analytical and the method of data collection and information is survey. In order to study and formulate theoretical foundations related to the research topic, both library and field methods have been used. To achieve the objectives of this research will be done in two parts: documentary and field studies. Documentary study technique is based on taking notes from books and written works and will be used to know the opinions of experts in the field of concepts and based on content for theoretical issues related to the field of research. The SWOT model was also used to analyze the data, which ultimately provided strategies to improve neighborhood management. This model, provided fully implemented, will be an appropriate basis for policy-making.Results and Discsussion: The aid-council has been established in order to carry out the actions of the councils and the neighborhood management in order to carry out the interactions and instructions of the municipality.Also, the goal of both projects is to empower the neighborhoods and follow the bottom-up planning. Differences in the degree of solidarity and belonging of citizens to the place of residence as well as the diversity of socio-cultural context in traditional and modern societies should be considered more in participatory planning. Given that aid-councils and local management as a model of participatory management of cities, to facilitate citizen participation at lower levels, especially neighborhoods, should be paid attention in the stages of establishment and how to determine its members to issues such as socio-cultural context and citizenship and the internal structure of the neighborhood in every city. After finding the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the current management of the neighborhood, an evaluation matrix of external and internal factors of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities has been formed in order to obtain their weighted points. The obtained combined strategies from offensive, change direction, diversity and defensive strategies are as follows:Availability of physical site for neighborhood management and equipped with a valid database;Optimal interaction between neighborhood management and neighborhood residents with a trust building approach;Ability to use ICT for standard monitoring and regular reporting;Decentralized neighborhood management system and organic service process.Conclusions: The need for citizen participation to improve the physical and socio-economic situation of urban neighborhoods is tangible and sensible. One of the strengths of settlements is the existence of social capital, regardless of its degree, so that the sustainable local management can be formed by valuing the connecting social capital and seeking participation. On the other hand, production in a city requires resources, interest and actors. In a situation of economic-financial deficit, even revenues with specific purposes (limited funds) as well as other revenues are increasingly important in the relevant budgets for efficiency and effectiveness in the management of informal settlements. It should be noted that the physical structure of the neighborhood reflects its strengths and weaknesses and issues. According to the research of this work, informal settlements generally have heterogeneity and conflict in their socio-cultural and physical contexts, and therefore, the issue of unsociability and lack of interaction among residents is rippling and this, makes the management of such residential areas doubly difficult, in other words, special bed and tools are needed for the dynamic presence of residents in the local community and to establish constructive interaction. Whereas the mechanism of the aid-council's internal relations must move from "secretary-centered" to "aid-councilor-centered"; and the council and the municipality should be in an efficient, transparent, clean model and maintaining the independence of the supervisory body (council and aid-council) from the executive body (municipality) in the type of neighborhood administration, considering the existence of three sides; District municipalities, neighborhood halls and aid-councils in each neighborhood, therefore, it seems that the plan, due to the purpose of empowering neighborhoods, can be effective in empowering and creating a communication channel between government agencies and neighborhoods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - COMMUNITY DETECTION IN SOCIAL NETWORKS USING FREQUENT PATTERN MINING
Seyed Ahmad Mosavi Mehrdad Jalali Negin Misaghianrecently, the website social networks provide a rich resource of Heterogeneous data which the analysis of these data can lead to discover unknown information and relations in these networks. The discovery of community including “similar” nodes is a challengi Morerecently, the website social networks provide a rich resource of Heterogeneous data which the analysis of these data can lead to discover unknown information and relations in these networks. The discovery of community including “similar” nodes is a challenging issue in analysis of social networks data, and it has widely studied in the social networking community in the context of the structure of the underlying graphs. The online social networks, additionally having graph structures, include effective information of users within networks, which using this information can lead to improve the quality of communities' discovery. In this paper, for detecting community, a method is provided that in addition to the communication among nodes, to improve the quality of the discovered communities, content information is used, as well. This method is a new approach based on a frequent pattern and the actions of users in the network and in particular, is performed on social networking sites where users select their favorite acts. First, based on Interests and activities of users in networks, we discover some small communities of similar users, and then by using social relations, extend (those) communities. The F-measure evaluated results on two real-world datasets (Blogcatalog and Flicker) demonstrate that the proposed method leads to improvethe quality of community detection. Manuscript profile -
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83 - ارائه روشی مبتنی بر رتبهبندی و الگوریتم انتشار گرما برای استخراج جامعه در شبکههای اجتماعی
Malihe Ebrahimi nejad Samaneh Hasan Zadeh Mehrdad Jalali -
Open Access Article
84 - Analyzing the Obstacles to the Realization of Citizens' Participation in the Context of City Council Elections Law (Case Study: Tehran City Council)
Reza Kheyroddin Soodeh Hamzehlou -
Open Access Article
85 - Creating Social Hope with the use of a comprehensive governance pattern
foud makvandi abdolkarim behzadisocial hope is targeted action via planning , responsibility , responsibility to create change to achieve the wish of progress and is one of the most important factors for realization of citizenship rights , society is tasked to inject hope to people . the purpose of th Moresocial hope is targeted action via planning , responsibility , responsibility to create change to achieve the wish of progress and is one of the most important factors for realization of citizenship rights , society is tasked to inject hope to people . the purpose of this study is to promote social hope using comprehensive governance model . in this context the main question is how to recreate the main values of social hope ? therefore , by analyzing qualitative content under the influence of triangulation process and deductive analysis as well as selective technique for data analysis , it can be concluded that : is it possible to create social hope by benchmarking comprehensive governance ? the statistical population of this study is related articles in the period between 1978 to 2009 . in the meantime , the paper was selected as a number of social hopes and few for the novelty and novelty of the paradigm of comprehensive governance . the main point is that four main components as the comprehensive governance model includes : opposition as opportunity , creativity and adaptive response , systematic and integrated performance , continuous dynamism in regeneration of four main components of social hope including : social solidarity , social resiliency , responsibility and accountability , targeting and planning . Manuscript profile -
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86 - Investigating the natural resources of Ardabil province with the approach of identifying positive opportunities for the development of local indigenous sports based on the culture and traditions of the community
Mehrdad Moharamzadeh Mohammad saivan Nouri farhad fathiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the natural resources of Ardabil province with the approach of identifying positive opportunities for the development of local indigenous sports based on the culture and traditions of the community. This research was quasi-ex MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the natural resources of Ardabil province with the approach of identifying positive opportunities for the development of local indigenous sports based on the culture and traditions of the community. This research was quasi-experimental and cross-sectional in terms of applied purpose. The statistical population included professors and elites and university specialists, graduate students, staff of Ardabil Youth and Sports Department, sports delegations especially public sports board, sports tourists, leaders, staff of tourism and handicrafts department, staff of hotels and inns. The statistical sample was randomly selected from the community. To collect data, the questionnaire of strategies for reviving, promoting and promoting traditional and local sports and games of Honarvar et al. (2014) was used. The items of this questionnaire are equal to 31 items. The reliability of Cronbach's alpha method was 0.93. The results of factor analysis showed that the structural model is well-fitted. The amount of χ 2 is a low and appropriate value. Also, P-VALUE index is less than 0.05, RMSEA index is less than 0.071. The GFI index was 0.91 and the AGFI index was 0.84. Manuscript profile -
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87 - Streamology of identity discourses; Emphasis on semantic conflicts and social developments in Iran
Vida Yaghouti Majid Tavassoli Roknabadi Ali Ashraf NazariA discourse leaving its own discourse order and entering the political discourse order takes place due to its stimulation by one of the active discourses in the political discourse order. The meaning of being provoked is that this inactive discourse is placed in an alie MoreA discourse leaving its own discourse order and entering the political discourse order takes place due to its stimulation by one of the active discourses in the political discourse order. The meaning of being provoked is that this inactive discourse is placed in an alienating relationship with the ruling discourse in the political discourse order, and the ruling discourse tries to find an identity by rejecting it. From the day of the constitutional revolution until today, different and conflicting narratives of the evolution of the concept of identity are presented. We are different types and forms of nationalism and sense of religious, cultural, ethnic and political belonging. IN this research, an approach and understanding of politics is presented in the form of the "discourse transformation" model, according to which, sociological developments and new orders in society and the liberation of the subject's abilities, which through the establishment of pre-identities Certain and completely objective social relations that have been suppressed. It is possible to appear. : Affected by the importance of central ideas in the field of individual and civil rights, as well as the centralization of new and critical thoughts regarding citizens' freedom and right to choose, witnessing an increase in the focus on citizens' individuality and subjectivity. [Individual] We are them. Manuscript profile -
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88 - The Role of Prevention in The "Responsibility to Protect" Doctrine with emphasis on the Primary Responsibility of States
Karim Mohammadi Hibatullah Nejandi Manesh Soudeh ShamlouNumerous deadly conflicts and human tragedies occur in the authority domain of national sovereignty. The doctrine of "responsibility to protect" (R2P) has primarily entrusted governments with the responsibility of preventing human crises by implementing some basic (stru MoreNumerous deadly conflicts and human tragedies occur in the authority domain of national sovereignty. The doctrine of "responsibility to protect" (R2P) has primarily entrusted governments with the responsibility of preventing human crises by implementing some basic (structural) measures, which, if carried out, will essentially prevent crises from happening or prevent their recurrence through a series of long-term structural adjustments. Many human crises stem from undue discrimination, poverty, and social, political, and economic inequality. A question rises here: what are the paramount fundamental preventive measures for which the government is responsible? The research findings show that the most important preventive measures to be taken by governments for good governance include respecting human rights, promoting social and economic development, promoting a sense of solidarity among ethnic groups, preventing environmental destruction, and boosting power regarding public security. Preventing conflicts and human disasters is not a mere local or national issue. Success in prevention generally requires solid support from the international community. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Basics of Social Prevention in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran
laleh akefi امیر ایروانیان امیر پاکنهادAbstract Crime prevention is one of the main strategies in criminal policy which has been always paid attention for the purpose of controlling the criminal activity. The significance of this strategy is so considerable that the prevention of crime has been officially r MoreAbstract Crime prevention is one of the main strategies in criminal policy which has been always paid attention for the purpose of controlling the criminal activity. The significance of this strategy is so considerable that the prevention of crime has been officially recognized beyond the Acts of Parliament i.e. constitutional law. Economic, social and cultural roots cause the emersion of the crime problem which the social prevention method seeks to identify and neutralize. This method is one of the best and most effective methods. Because fighting the cause is always better and more effective than fighting the effect. Social crime prevention is a strategy that in its current, simultaneously, with the recognition the basic social, economic and cultural rights of the citizen, prevention programs are enacted. The occurrence of prevention has requirements. Providing the basic rights such the right to engage in work, the right to adequate housing, the right to social security, the right to education and etc. are of these requirements. This article investigates the issue of social prevention of crime and its context in the constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran using descriptive-analytical method. Manuscript profile -
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90 - A Study on the Effects of Teaching Philosophy with Community of Inquiry Method on Questioning and Attitude to Creativity to the Blind Students
Leila Akrami Amir Ghamarani Sedigheh AghalarBackground: Philosophy for children have important role in challenging and creativity thinking for children. Objective: The aim of this research was to study the effects of teaching philosophy with method community of inquiry on questioning and attitude to creativity to MoreBackground: Philosophy for children have important role in challenging and creativity thinking for children. Objective: The aim of this research was to study the effects of teaching philosophy with method community of inquiry on questioning and attitude to creativity to the blind students with 9-11 age group. Some 28 blind girls and boys students were selected randomly to carry out the test. Method: Some 14 persons for experimental group and some other 14 persons for control group were selected with simple random sampling method. The samples were assessed by questioning and CAS questionnaire. To study hypothesis, experimental (pre-test- post- test) method was employed and then community of inquiry Lipman, Robert fisher and Philip cam thinking stories they were used to teach them. Data were analyzed using ANCOVA. Results: Findings showed that, philosophy for children with method community of inquiry caused improvement of questioning (0/001) and attitude to creativity (0/001) of blind girls and boys were improved. Discussion: Philosophy for children have important role, in reinforcement questioning, critical thinking and creativity for blind child. Manuscript profile -
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91 - The relationship between food security and community health
Bijan Khurshidpour khadije maminejadAmong the factors that ensure the health of a society is a healthy nutrition pattern. Food security is the cornerstone of a developed society and the main element of intellectual, mental and physical health of that society. Food insecurity will seriously destroy the soc MoreAmong the factors that ensure the health of a society is a healthy nutrition pattern. Food security is the cornerstone of a developed society and the main element of intellectual, mental and physical health of that society. Food insecurity will seriously destroy the social capital reserve of the people included in it, as well as the significance of human and religious norms and values. Food security and the right to access sufficient and healthy food and freedom from hunger and malnutrition are the main axes of development, peace of society and the infrastructure of the future generation of the country. On the other hand, food insecurity and its global consequences are an issue that directly or indirectly affects all the countries of the world, and the physical, mental, psychological, economic and social consequences of this huge problem are affecting hundreds of millions of people. Food insecurity and malnutrition weaken people's ability to develop skills and reduce their productivity, and in the long term, they are gradually deprived of their abilities and cannot play a role in education, production, and economy. Access to sufficient and nutritious food is one of the most important priorities pursued by the international community, and all major government policies are in the framework of food security. Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient and healthy food, so that their food needs and food preferences are met for a healthy and active life. Manuscript profile -
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92 - An Extended Louvain Method for Community Detection in Attributed Social Networks
Yasser Sadri Saeid Taghavi Afshord shahriar lotfi Vahid Majidnezhad -
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93 - A Critical View on New Urbanism Theory in Urban Planning: From Theory to Practice
Mitra Ghorbi Hamid Mohammadi -
Open Access Article
94 - Evaluation of Factors Affecting the Increase of Liveliness in Community Spaces, from the Viewpoint of Architecture and Urbanism Intellectuals in Iran
Fateme Fereidooni Jamaleddin soheili -
Open Access Article
95 - A Statistical Meta-Analysis of the Neighborhood Design Elements on Social Capital
Mahdieh Seifikaran Marjan A. Nemati Mehr -
Open Access Article
96 - A Trivalent Approach to the Quality of the “Khoshk” River Landscape in Shiraz
Mehdi Khakzand Mohsen Faizi Abbas Azari -
Open Access Article
97 - Detect barriers to consistency Thesis subject course Masters Educational Sciences The community needs From the perspective students
مهوش خسروی محمدرضا نیلی بی بی عشرت زمانیThe aim of this study is to identify barriers to create compatibility between threads supervision of Master of Education with the needs of society from the perspective of students. The study was descriptive-survey research methods. The study sample consisted of 500 stud MoreThe aim of this study is to identify barriers to create compatibility between threads supervision of Master of Education with the needs of society from the perspective of students. The study was descriptive-survey research methods. The study sample consisted of 500 students from different backgrounds Masters degree at the University of Isfahan, Azad University Khorasgan and Payam Noor of Isfahan in the academic year 1393 is 94. Use the sample table-Morgan 217 samples sampling stratified set volume Shdnd.abzar data collection questionnaire, with 24 questions was closed. Reliability was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which indicates the validity of the instrument is 0/91, and its validity was confirmed by experts and experts in education. Analyze data on the level of descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted. In the description to determine the frequency and percentage of respondents score of mean, standard deviation, percent and inferential statistics and independent t-test one sample, analysis of variance and Scheffe post hoc test was used Results showed that in terms students barriers economic, socio-cultural organizations in developing the thesis of Postgraduate Course consistency with the the needs of society are effective. Manuscript profile -
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98 - Representation of popular culture in Khorasan, according to the views of European travelers in the Qajar era
Reza Musabadi Batool fakhreslamIn the context of historical studies, travel logs are important because of their social and cultural content. Therefore, the present article seeks to explain how and why travel writers and European tourists look at the social and cultural status of Khorasan in the Qajar MoreIn the context of historical studies, travel logs are important because of their social and cultural content. Therefore, the present article seeks to explain how and why travel writers and European tourists look at the social and cultural status of Khorasan in the Qajar era. Using librarianship method, this article reviews and criticizes the opinions of these travelers about the reflection of the social and cultural situation of the Khorasan community in the Qajar era by referring to European travelogues and descriptive-analytical methods. The results of this research show that in a general outcome, features such as superficiality, Europeanism, colonial and humiliation, dominated by the majority of Western travel journalists, have led, in some cases, to the social and cultural situation of Khorasan by travelers The west is reversed and away from reality. Also, they sometimes ignored the multiple functions of social and cultural conditions in Khorasan and magnified their weaknesses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Investigating the Characteristics of Fraud Statements and its Impact on Community Policies
Hossein Kamrani Bijan Abedini Mohammad Hossein Ranjbar Faeq AhmadiHossein Kamrani [1] Bijan Abedini [2] Mohammad Hossein Ranjbar [3] Faeq Ahmadi [4] Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of fraud in financial statements and their impact on community policies. Financial fraud involves any delibera MoreHossein Kamrani [1] Bijan Abedini [2] Mohammad Hossein Ranjbar [3] Faeq Ahmadi [4] Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of fraud in financial statements and their impact on community policies. Financial fraud involves any deliberate action by a company to mislead users of these financial statements, especially investors. Creditworthiness through the preparation and publication of financial statements contains a significant misstatement. It has a negative impact on various economic, cultural and social dimensions. Fraud, undermining the ethics and culture of society and government policies to safeguard the interests of the people and to deprive them of resources, is a major obstacle to promoting a culture of work and competitiveness of productive activities and to thwart efforts. They are aimed at reducing poverty and social discrimination. With the rise of fraud community declines due to the skepticism created. [1] -PhD student in Accounting, Qeshm Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran [2] - Assistant Professor, Department of Accounting, Faculty of Humanities, Hormozgan University, Bandar Abbas, Iran [3] - Assistant Professor, Department of Financial Management and Accounting, Faculty of Humanities, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran [4] - Assistant Professor, Department of Financial Management and Accounting, Qeshm Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran Manuscript profile -
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100 - A New Multi-Agent Bat Approach for Detecting Community Structure in Social Networks
Saeed Alidoost Behrooz Masoumi -
Open Access Article
101 - Overlapping Community Detection in Social Networks Based on Stochastic Simulation
Hadi Zare Mahdi Hajiabadi -
Open Access Article
102 - The Influence of Social Media on Brand Commitment and Brand Loyalty
Mohammad Ali Abdolvand Elham HonarisharifPurpose :Taking the perspective of the brand community building plus the brand trust, brand commitment and loyalty literatures, our goal is to show how brand communities based on social media influence elements of the customer centric model (i. e., the relationships amo MorePurpose :Taking the perspective of the brand community building plus the brand trust, brand commitment and loyalty literatures, our goal is to show how brand communities based on social media influence elements of the customer centric model (i. e., the relationships among focal customer and brand, product, company, and other customers), brand trust, brand commitment and brand loyalty among Novin-leather customers. Methodology – A survey was conducted based on empirical study with 334 respondents among Novin-leather customers from their platforms (http://www.novinleather.com/) In the spring of 1393. Findings : We find that brand trust has a fully mediating role in converting the effects of enhanced relationships in brand community to brand loyalty and brand commitment in social media. Originality/Value – On the base of customer centric model of brand community we show how this brand community could affect brand elements and loyalty and commitment in social media and we explain the effects of centric model’s elements on trust, commitment and loyalty. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Presenting a biological attitude model in order to improve community health using the data foundation method
Sara Firuzian Alireza Esmaeili Rahmat alh Amir ahmadi Mohammad reza NaeimiThe purpose of this study was to provide a model of biological attitudes in order to improve community health using the data foundation method. The foundation data method was used to achieve the research objectives. Statistical samples of the research were selected for MoreThe purpose of this study was to provide a model of biological attitudes in order to improve community health using the data foundation method. The foundation data method was used to achieve the research objectives. Statistical samples of the research were selected for in-depth interviews from experts and professors in the fields of sociology, geography and environment. In this study, the researcher collected the required data by conducting in-depth and semi-structured interviews. The biological attitude logo was designed to improve community health and explain how the relationship between the main components and sub-components in the form of research themes. The results of the model showed that according to the designed model, "bio-responsibility" as a central category based on causal conditions, "optimal use of natural resources, use of green technologies and experienced human resources" and through strategies of "educational policy in the field of biology" Environment, environmental stimuli and incentives, research on environmental development, strengthening institutional activities "with regard to" allocation of financial resources, continuous monitoring of the implementation of environmental programs and contextual and social factors "(as a model) researcher And leads to the realization of the consequences of "preserving the environment and promoting social awareness." Manuscript profile -
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104 - Expanding theNeighborhoodConcept through the Anatomy of Community Concept
Akbar Abdollahzadeh Taraf Mustafa Behzadfar Mohammad NaqizadehThe purpose of this paper is theoretical explanation of neighborhood concept though a sociological approach and based on anatomy of community concept. Neighborhood as one of the main constituents of urban areas needs to be explained theoretically with certain characteri MoreThe purpose of this paper is theoretical explanation of neighborhood concept though a sociological approach and based on anatomy of community concept. Neighborhood as one of the main constituents of urban areas needs to be explained theoretically with certain characteristics. The related sciences of the urban studies such as urban management, urban sociology, anthropology, politics, architecture, urban design, and planning attempt to explain this concept according to their theoretical basics. So this study attempts to expand this concept with anatomy of community concept. The methodology of study is descriptive. The literature about community was reviewed, then with critical reasoning, anatomy of community formulated to two mixed branches: "spatial issue" as container and "social issue" as content. The findings of this study show that anatomy of community concept in spatial issue, with center and boundary characteristics, and in social issue, with common characteristics, social interactions, sense of belonging, organization has objective instances. So the neighborhood concept can be expanded by anatomy of community concept. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Jurisprudential attitude to the role of white marriage and the place of temporary marriage in the evolution of the laws of the family system in the Islamic society
AZADEH ZEINALI masoud raei Mohammad Bagher ameriniaThe family is the most significant foundation affecting the identity and physical health of individuals in the community. The purpose of this study is to analyze the pros and cons of white marriage and to provide an alternative approach -permanent and temporary marriage MoreThe family is the most significant foundation affecting the identity and physical health of individuals in the community. The purpose of this study is to analyze the pros and cons of white marriage and to provide an alternative approach -permanent and temporary marriages- with their jurisprudential and legal implications. Cohabitation is an abnormal, illegal, illegitimate, and anti-Islamic phenomenon which has grown as white marriage between individuals. Temporary marriage has initially created a negative image, especially in the minds of women in society, but if its real causes, conditions, and benefits are examined, we find out that marriage and its existential philosophy are crucial to Islamic society. This marriage is for those who do not qualify for permanent marriage but still have physical and sexual needs.This research is a descriptive-analytical research which has attempted in a library-based way to address most of the jurisprudential and lawful aspects of white marriage and then, distinguishing these two issues is so significant. Due to lack of religious and social legitimacy despite its prevalence and negative consequences for individual and family, the necessity and the benefits of permanent and temporary marriages as alternatives in today's society are indicated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - صدای جامعه –بنیان استفان هاوکینگ: بررسی کارکردی ذکر خویش در نوشتار علمی استفات هاوکینگ
داود کوهی یاسمن علینژاددر سایه توسعه مفهوم فراگفتمان، امروزه به این درک رسیده ایم که نوشتار علمی صرفا به داد و ستد معانی محتوایی نمی پردازد: آنچه که از طریق گفتمان علمی داد و ستد می شود به شدت با تبادل معانی اجتماعی و بین فردی در پیوند است. بر اساس این دیدگاه، مطالعه حاضر با استفاده از Moreدر سایه توسعه مفهوم فراگفتمان، امروزه به این درک رسیده ایم که نوشتار علمی صرفا به داد و ستد معانی محتوایی نمی پردازد: آنچه که از طریق گفتمان علمی داد و ستد می شود به شدت با تبادل معانی اجتماعی و بین فردی در پیوند است. بر اساس این دیدگاه، مطالعه حاضر با استفاده از الگوی ارائه شده توسط تنگ و جان در سال 1999 به بررسی ویژگیهای ذکر خویش در کتب علمی نوشته شده توسط استفان هاوکینگ پرداخته است. یافته های این تحقیق نشان می دهد که از میان نقش های شناسایی شده توسط تنگ و جان، نقش بازنماگر پر تکرارترین نقش ذکر خود در گفتمان استفات هاوکینگ را تشکیل می دهد. بر اساس تعریف ارائه شده از این نقش چنین نتیجه گیری شده است که این دانشمند ، پذیرش اجتماعی استدلال های خویش را به عنوان یکی از مهمترین ابزارهای متقاعد نمودن خوانندگان خویش تلقی می نماید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - Semantic Study of âZoorâ Testimony and Necessity of Community Notification of âZoorâ Testifier in Islamic Law
ahmad mortazi ali asghar mousavi adel sarikhani mohsen malek afzaliZoor†testimony is one of sins and offenses in Islamic criminal law that the holy legislator of islam punish its functor with community notification of his. of course, from the semantic view there is no same definition about the “Zoor†testimony but In different o MoreZoor†testimony is one of sins and offenses in Islamic criminal law that the holy legislator of islam punish its functor with community notification of his. of course, from the semantic view there is no same definition about the “Zoor†testimony but In different opinions is defined: “falsity testimony†or “invalid testimony†or “testimony not according to the truth†or “testimony despite knowing the untruthful†and from the viewpoint of this paper its exactly define is: “person knows the truth, testifies deliberately not according to the truth or person don’t knows the truth, testifies deliberately, no matter that conforms incidentally to the truth or untruthâ€. It is emphasized that: the perpetrator of such testimony, according to the narratives)Hadiths( and rational necessity to obtaining public good created, Should be introduced to all those who are exposed his deceptive testimony. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Evaluation of the Curriculum Status of the Undergraduate Course in Elementary education at Farhangian University from a Community-based Perspective
Elham Hosseini nasab Mahnaz Jalalvandi Faezeh NateghiThe aim of the present study is Evaluation of the current status of the implemented curriculum of the Bachelor of Elementary Education of Farhangian University from the Community-based according to Harden's model which was carried out by the synthesis research method. I MoreThe aim of the present study is Evaluation of the current status of the implemented curriculum of the Bachelor of Elementary Education of Farhangian University from the Community-based according to Harden's model which was carried out by the synthesis research method. In the qualitative part of in this research, by searching and collecting the theoretical and research background on the subject, we tried to identify and represent the desired concepts through their combination and identify the subjects that are suitable for the community-based.The statistical population of the research includes professors, students, and graduates of the Bachelor of Elementary Education in Farhangian University campuses which was done with the cluster sampling method and with the principle of randomness, 4 provinces were selected as samples and data collection was done through a researcher-made questionnaire. The reliability of the tool was obtained by calculating Cronbach's alpha of 0.95 the validity of the instrument was checked and confirmed by the opinion of experts and the findings of factor analysis. The research findings showed: In terms of Harden`s community based, is at a low level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - The ideal person, community and city from the Perspective of Allameh Tabatabai
Roohollah Oshriyeh Hassan Sattari Sarbangholi Mohammadreza Pakdel Fard Aziz Javanpoor HerviUndoubtedly, Allameh Tabatabai is one of the greatest philosophers of the school of transcendental wisdom in the present, he tried a lot in explaining the theoretical framework and interpretation of this wisdom, and on the other hand, has thought and meditated a lot on MoreUndoubtedly, Allameh Tabatabai is one of the greatest philosophers of the school of transcendental wisdom in the present, he tried a lot in explaining the theoretical framework and interpretation of this wisdom, and on the other hand, has thought and meditated a lot on the social aspects and the relationship between society and the individual. It is remarkable. In most of his works, he expressed what and how the relationship between the individual and society is, which shows the importance of the subject for him. He believes that individuals and human society cannot be separated, and the necessity of being human is to be social, and a person reaches happiness, excellence and perfection when he is in society and has an active presence in it. This is important and vital for every member of the society regardless of whether they are men or women. This research with a qualitative approach, using the foundation's data conceptualization strategy, has examined the individual, society and the ideal city from the perspective of Tabatabai in the form of reviewing his authored books. The research method was qualitative and based on analytical-descriptive strategy based on library studies. Paying attention to the community while paying attention to the individual, social nature of man, attention to individual and social reason, cooperation and cooperation of society, the role and place of women in society and the collective movement towards perfection among citizens are some of the special issues of this philosopher's attention. Famous has been favorable for the individual, the community and the city. The main emphasis of the community and the ideal city in the thinking of this thinker is to monitor the progress of improving attention to the material and spiritual life of citizens and sufficient attention to spiritual and spiritual affairs in urban spaces Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Evaluating and prioritizing new methods of marketing health products in the elderly community (Case study of AJA retirees)
MohammadReza Rostami Maryam Mosleh Babak Maleki -
Open Access Article
111 - Toward a local Community Governance:An effort to introduce key concepts and componentsCase Study: Darake Neighborhood
jamile tavakolinia Mohammad Kazem Shams PouyaLooking at the urban management and administration trends shows that planning is not possible without paying attention to participatory approaches and local scale. In this regard, the local community governance was proposed as a model for effective and efficient adminis MoreLooking at the urban management and administration trends shows that planning is not possible without paying attention to participatory approaches and local scale. In this regard, the local community governance was proposed as a model for effective and efficient administration in the local community. Local community governance has the high potential for local community participation in decision-making. Basically, governance refers to the process of decision making and the process by which decisions are implemented. In this paper we analyze the components of the local community governance such as accountability, responsibility, rule of law, transparency, effectiveness and efficiency and interaction between participation and institutional trust in the Drake neighborhood. It should be added that the local community participation is considered as key to the success of community-based planning and local community governance also, trust has importance in many measures including institution-building and capacity development as well as improving governance. Also, accountability is a key requirement of good governance and can be considered as the key to the success of many initiatives and programs. Indeed, when the established mechanisms of accountability work, corruption is reduced. In this context, the theoretical and library studies and in the field a survey of 100 questionnaires were used. The results showed that the components level of the local community governance in the Drake neighborhood is lower than the average level. Furthermore, it was found that there is a direct correlation between the local community governance components, institutional trust and participation. Therefore, the local community governance and institutional trust rating will be reduced when participation rate is reduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - Measurement And evaluation Resiliency Institutional and physical-environmental Urban communities to reduce natural disasters, Earthquake(Case study: Kerman city)
Ali Asghar Abdollahi Hojatollah Sharafi Yasser SabahiNatural disasters potential to bring this terrible disaster risk reduction systems become absenc. Recently, resiliency, as one of the effective measures for crisis management, Community-Based Approach to promote urban communities in times of instability due to disasters MoreNatural disasters potential to bring this terrible disaster risk reduction systems become absenc. Recently, resiliency, as one of the effective measures for crisis management, Community-Based Approach to promote urban communities in times of instability due to disasters. The main objective of this study is assessing the resilience index and constructive citizens (Institutional and physical - environmental) and determine the contribution of the factors resilience and their capacity to mitigate against natural (earthquake) in Kerman city.The research method is descriptive and analytical the type of relationship.The data required for analysis collected using a questionnaire which its validity and reliability by Cronbach's alpha 887/0 formally approved. The population studied was the citizens of the city of Kerman.Finally, according to the terms of resiliency factors considered, the Institutional and physical - environmental indicators and factors that are mentioned in the above, And also utilizes software (spss) and statistical,one-sample t (One Sample T- test), Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis techniques are Also for weighting the criteria and sub-criteria of Shannon entropy and four municipalities in the ranking to assess the resilience of techniques and models ( WP,SAR) is used.Our results show that there is a significant relationship between the resiliency of citizens Institutional and physical – environmental components citizens against natural disasters, especially earthquakes. In this study, we hypothesized that the relationship between independent and dependent variables are the same approval and showing a high resiliency citizens about natural disasters with emphasis on earthquake. Finally, based on the techniques listed and ranked in order of zones, Zone 1, Zone 3, Zone 2, Zone 4 in terms of resiliency ranked. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - The Impact of Street Accessibility on Community Relations and Health in Residential Neighbourhoods (Case Study: Penang, Malaysia)
Massoomeh Hedayati Marzbali Mohammad Javad Maghsoodi Tilaki Mahsan ZareeiIncreasing community relations in residential neighbourhoods is part of mechanisms of improving residents’ health and wellbeing. It provides a great opportunity for designers and planners to achieve high quality and sustainable residential developments. Certain ch MoreIncreasing community relations in residential neighbourhoods is part of mechanisms of improving residents’ health and wellbeing. It provides a great opportunity for designers and planners to achieve high quality and sustainable residential developments. Certain characteristics of the neighbourhood can affect residents’ behaviour in the neighbourhood environment. The current study focuses on the impact of street permeability and accessibility on residents’ social cohesion and health in a sample of 271 residents in Penang, Malaysia. The study is quantitative in nature and is based on both descriptive and inferential statistics. The required information was collected based on on-site observation and a questionnaire survey. Four research hypotheses were advanced and tested using the structural equation modelling on a priori hypothesised conceptual model. We also investigated the mediating effect of social cohesion on the relationship between permeability and health. This study employed the structural equation modelling approach to analyse the data using SPSS and AMOS software. The results of analysis indicated that permeability has significant impacts on social cohesion and health. Findings also indicated that social cohesion mediates the relationship between permeability and health. Residents living in highly permeable streets are more likely to receive a low social cohesion and health, meaning that those living in cul-de-sacs perceived higher levels of social cohesion and subsequently, higher health than those living in through roads. This suggests that road hierarchy in residential areas has positive impact on social cohesion and health. Therefore, based on the study findings, we suggest that local planning authorities need to pay attention to some important matters of neighbourhoods such as street permeability and road hierarchy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - Evaluating Good Urban Governance for Iranian Cities (A Case Study of Ahvaz)
Heydar Kazemi Bijan RahmaniUrban Management is a decisive factor for improving the life quality for people for which various approaches have been adopted so far. Good governance is the last approach in urban management which concentrates on participation, transparency, responsibility, law force, MoreUrban Management is a decisive factor for improving the life quality for people for which various approaches have been adopted so far. Good governance is the last approach in urban management which concentrates on participation, transparency, responsibility, law force, justifying and accountability in governing. This approach in urban management can produce the desired outputs for organizations and people. Municipality and Islamic council of Ahwaz which are the two important organizations in urban management in Ahwaz can use good governance approach in fulfilling their duties. In this article, the researchers use people’s judgment in a sample community about the performance of municipality and Islamic council to study how much compatibility exists between the performances of these public organizations with good governance principles. The researchers also use a questionnaire for collecting people’s judgment.The results of this survey showed that the average of citizens’ judgment about the consistency of municipal and city council performance with good governance values are 1.41 and 1.22. Respondents say that municipality and council performance in index of rule of law (with average 1.66) is low and in index of participation (with average 0.98) is very low. If we accept the respondents’ judgments about municipality in districts of Ahwaz municipality in this study, judgments show that the performance of municipality management in district 3 with an average of 1.26 has low compatibility with good governance values and municipality management in district 1 with an average of 0.94 has very low compatibility. Generally, the performance of municipality and council in terms of compliance with the principles of good governance, (with average of judgment about 1.31) in a range of 4 values between bad and good, is weak. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Explaining and Analyzing the Stability of Community Spaces and Measuring the Effective Factors (A Case studyof Mahabad Family Park)
siamand maroofi qader bayzidiThe necessity of urban public spaces is undeniable as one of the main pillars of sustainable development in everyday life. Nevertheless, we are witnessing the lack of attention paid to urban planning and design criteria in urban development projects. In the meantime, th MoreThe necessity of urban public spaces is undeniable as one of the main pillars of sustainable development in everyday life. Nevertheless, we are witnessing the lack of attention paid to urban planning and design criteria in urban development projects. In the meantime, the park is one of the spheres that provides lodging for community visits, spending leisure time , citizens’ participation, and improving the city's social life. According to the present study which was carried out in the family park of Mahabad in 2018, using descriptive-analytical method and data gathering through a survey method, the stability of the understudy space based on indicators such as sustainability of the space, as well as the measurement was investigated. The most important factors affecting the promotion of sustainability in this space have been discussed. Measurement done by Cronbach's alpha test, reliability of the questionnaire, and the results of KMO and Bartlet tests confirmed the adequacy of the sample size as well as the internal and structural validity of the questionnaire. The results of statistical analysis indicate the unstable condition of space in all of the studied components (except in the components of socialization). Also, the results of structural equation modeling using PLS software showed that components related to comfort and mental image, which refer to comfort, tranquility, and physical and psychological security of space users, have the greatest impact on sustainability improvement in the understudy space. Therefore, in order to organize and strengthen the space, these categories of components will be prioritized and implemented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Analysis of Effective Factors in Increasing the Resilience of Urban Communities against the Corona Epidemic with a Community-Based Disaster Risk Management Approach) the Case of Zanjan (
mohsen ahadnejad reveshty Hossein Tahmasebi moghadam mohamad taghi heydariDuring the pandemic and spread of Corona Virus, human life, and cities were exposed to a difficult risk, which has exposed urban societies in all their elements, more than just local and topical damages. Therefore, the current research aims to analyze the effective fact MoreDuring the pandemic and spread of Corona Virus, human life, and cities were exposed to a difficult risk, which has exposed urban societies in all their elements, more than just local and topical damages. Therefore, the current research aims to analyze the effective factors that increase social resilience to the Corona epidemic through social crisis management. This research is descriptive-analytical and practical in terms of its purpose. Based on an analysis of the theoretical foundations of the research and a Delphi method with experts in urban planning who belong to research centers and universities as panelists, the research components were identified. This research used a library method and a survey method in the form of a questionnaire to collect the required data. In the analysis section of the confirmatory factor analysis model in the form of structural equation modeling in AMOS software, the type of components was analyzed according to the impact and effectiveness on other components. The analysis of the structure of the identified effective factors using confirmatory factor analysis shows that the identified factors have a significant structural relationship in creating resilient communities against Corona in Zanjan. The results also show that participation and social networks factor (F1) with a factor load of 0.89, social capital factor (F2) with a factor load of 0.88, knowledge and skills (F3) with a factor load of 0.85, and awareness (F4) with a factor load of 0.75, have the greatest effect in creating resilient societies against the corona disease. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Theoretical Model of an Age Friendly Community with an Emphasis on the Aging in Place
Mina Harandi Mojtaba Rafieian Hamid Saberi amirhosein shabaniFactors contributing to increased life expectancy and a low fertility rate, leading to an aging population, were initially observed in the developed countries during the mid-20th century and are now extending to developing nations. Given the impending consequences of th MoreFactors contributing to increased life expectancy and a low fertility rate, leading to an aging population, were initially observed in the developed countries during the mid-20th century and are now extending to developing nations. Given the impending consequences of the aging crisis in our country, research on aging is of paramount importance. Notably, the relationship between the presence of the elderly in the community and the concept of age-friendly communities is crucial. This study aims to identify factors influencing age-friendly communities and elucidate theories regarding the presence of the elderly in the community, with a specific focus on aging in place. Employing a qualitative approach, this research utilizes grounded theory within the framework of the Strauss and Corbin methodology. The research data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with 31 individuals aged 60 and over, selected from two-day care centers: Rangin Kaman Sepid, Bozorgan Sahebdel, and Kolbeye Noor in Isfahan, continuing until theoretical saturation was achieved. The study highlights that the contextual condition for an age-friendly community is the residence of the elderly in their respective neighborhoods. According to the findings, the creation of an age-friendly community is fostered by the connection between the community and the elderly in everyday situations, adapting to their needs and enabling aging in place. This involves interactive contexts related to event orientation, leisure, socialization, and neighborhood accessibility for the elderly, providing opportunities for self-expression and social support. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - From Importer of Knowledge to Researcher of the Self: Exploring the Utility of Collaborative Action Research in Distance Second Language Professional Development
Farzad Mashhadi Reza Biria Ahmadreza Lotfi -
Open Access Article
119 - Pros and Cons of Dancing in the Dark: Enhancing EFL learners' oral proficiency in an unplugged learning community
Elahe Solimani Ahmad Ameri-Golestan Ahmadreza Lotfi -
Open Access Article
120 - Impact of Googling Techniques on Deaf and Hearing-Impaired Students’ L2 Writing Performance
Asma Qoreishi kolaqani Hossein Vahid Dastjerdi Hadi Salehi Omid Tabatabaei -
Open Access Article
121 - The Role of the Naqshbandi Scholars in Social Affairs in 9th century AH with an Emphasis on Secularism in isolationism
Milad Parniyani Monirh kazemirashed Vali Dinparast manijeh sadriNaqshbandiyah is one of the Sufi cults in the Timurid era whose leaders tried to interfere in social affairs. Their proximity to the governing body made it suspicious that they had strayed from the Sufi structural principles and turned to worldly affairs. So the first q MoreNaqshbandiyah is one of the Sufi cults in the Timurid era whose leaders tried to interfere in social affairs. Their proximity to the governing body made it suspicious that they had strayed from the Sufi structural principles and turned to worldly affairs. So the first question is whether the Naqshbandi scholars have considered their actions to be against the Sufi worldview? If yes, what is their justification or interpretation? The findings of the study emphasize a particular type of ijtihad that establishes the principle of balancing Material and spiritual tendencies. In this mechanism, every soul has its share of material and spiritual, by its capacity and rank. In the meanwhile, the Naqshbandi scholars themselves (as elites) felt this attachment to communicate with the most material part of society and to guide them in obtaining the right of the people. It was only in this way that provide conditions for the development of the outside and the inside world came together. By the nature of the subject, the research method in this study is historical-analytical. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Khalaji Language change in contact with Tehrani Persian
majid fatahipourThe Khalaji dialect is known as one of the ancient Turkish dialect in Iran. Due to its location of spoken area, among the Persian speaking zone, it has no interaction with other Turkish dialects. For this reason, the Khalaji dialect accepted wide linguistic adaptations MoreThe Khalaji dialect is known as one of the ancient Turkish dialect in Iran. Due to its location of spoken area, among the Persian speaking zone, it has no interaction with other Turkish dialects. For this reason, the Khalaji dialect accepted wide linguistic adaptations due to the coexistence and social intercourse with critical Persian language. The purpose of this study is to investigate the involved factors in the dialect change among immigrants living in Tehran, as well as, the lexical change and speaking style of immigrants in the Tehran language community. Qualitative analysis indicated that some Khalaji phonemes are significantly similar to the critical Persian language. The quantitative analysis investigated many items like gender, social class, education, occupation, age, immigration age, length of residence, and place of residence in Tehran among which the age arrival is the most significant factor related to the Khalaji's change Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Analysis of rural resident vision about environmental – economic and cultural effects (case study: Fash village, Kangavar province)
زهرا شفیعی bizan rahmaneToday; tourism leaves from different social-cultural; economic and environmental aspect of dramatic effects on rural life. Awareness is important from the perspective of the host society as a supplier of tourism products . THE study was a survey and descriptive-analytic MoreToday; tourism leaves from different social-cultural; economic and environmental aspect of dramatic effects on rural life. Awareness is important from the perspective of the host society as a supplier of tourism products . THE study was a survey and descriptive-analytical approach to the effects of Fash rural tourism city Kangavar. THE population of the villagers as statistical society and the sample size were selected the method a systematic random sample with Cochran formula 226 person . Likert scale and questionnaire was used for data collection and software spss18 for data analysis. The findings show, there is effects of tourism significance positive and negative in this area. As in economic field cause create new jobs, increasing income, optionally service jobs, increased cost of living and the income gap and in the field of social-cultural, cause increase communication and public awareness reduced security for women and girls, increasing crime and also in the field environmental, cause environmental degradation and also high expectations and awareness of villagers in connection with environmental protection . Thus systematic planning and taking part villagers Fash in the tourism sector could change the economic and cultural - social aspects life of the rural population and reduce the negative environmental impacts of tourism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Development of Tourism in the Middle-earth City of Khoy and Analysis of Challenges From the Viewpoint of the Local Community (Case Study: Shams Tabrizi's Tomb in Khoy)
Mehdi pashazadeh Hosein Nazmfar Bakhtyar EzatpanahThe development of tourism in urban areas plays an important role in diversifying the economies of local communities andis one of the sources of job creation and making money and the basis for sustainable developmentof urban economics.Tourism development depends on prov MoreThe development of tourism in urban areas plays an important role in diversifying the economies of local communities andis one of the sources of job creation and making money and the basis for sustainable developmentof urban economics.Tourism development depends on providingconditions that will make the industry cycle more secure.Themain purpose of the research is to identify and analyzethe problems of thedevelopment of the tourism industry inthe middle of the Khoy region from the point of view of the local communitywith anemphasis onthe role ofShamsTabrizi'sTomb inthis regard.The current research is descriptive-analytic anddata collection through library studies andobservation Field(distribution of questionnaire)is doneThe statistical population of the study was383 local residents in1396,which was used todetermine the sample size using Cochran's sampling method.For analyzing andcategorizing the extracted data from the questionnaire and testing the main hypothesis,one-samplet-test was used for SPSSsoftware.Findings ofthe research indicate that from theperspective of the local community,thecity of Khoy,with the presence ofMazar-e Shams,has the capabilities and potential of tourism development and becoming one of the tourism centers of the province and country.But in this context, there are a number of challenges, barriers and problems such as indicators of infrastructure facilitiesand public infrastructure,health and quality of the environment,tourism attractions and urban management.The effect and influence of these factors on tourism development and tourist attraction are positive and positive.Theresults of the hypothesis test indicate that these factors are oneof thechallenges of tourism development from thepoint of view of the local community andthe physical activities undertaken to developtourism through ShamsTabrizi have not been sufficient. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Measuring the level of satisfaction with respect to the quality of services provided by the local tourist destination (Case of Study: Mashhad City)
Rostam SaberifarTourism managers in Mashhad claim that the city's tourism planning process is now emphasizing on the revealed needs rather than expressed needs, and this has increased the satisfaction of tourists in the city. In order to test this assumption, the purpose of this survey MoreTourism managers in Mashhad claim that the city's tourism planning process is now emphasizing on the revealed needs rather than expressed needs, and this has increased the satisfaction of tourists in the city. In order to test this assumption, the purpose of this survey was to determine the degree of satisfaction with the quality of services provided in the city. The research method is descriptive and analytical. The required information was obtained through a researcher-made questionnaire from a sample of 670 people. Collected data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman, Chi-square and single-sample t-tests. The findings indicate that tourists are largely satisfied with the socio-cultural and environmental conditions and infrastructural facilities and tourists with different educational backgrounds have the same views regarding satisfaction of tourism conditions. Also, there is no significant relationship between the length of stay of tourists and their level of satisfaction with tourism conditions. The level of satisfaction of domestic tourists is high with respect to the host society and there is a significant difference between the attitudes of tourists in this regard. Moreover, tourists with different educational backgrounds have different views on how to deal with the host community. Based on these results, the authorities' claims regarding the evolution of the service delivery system to tourists cannot be ignored. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - Evaluation of Malayer County's Ecotourism Arrangements with Emphasis on Manisan Target Village Using SWOT Model
mitra refahi dahrThe purpose of this research is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of ecology, to study the status of ecology resorts and to determine the ecological ecosystems in Malayer. The research will be applied and will be descriptive-analytical in nature and method. The u MoreThe purpose of this research is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of ecology, to study the status of ecology resorts and to determine the ecological ecosystems in Malayer. The research will be applied and will be descriptive-analytical in nature and method. The use of documents, documents and reports and other parts has been collected through the analysis of Swat and its strengths and weaknesses. The SWOT technique is used for field analysis. Developing laws and standards appropriate to the local tourism industry, providing training to local tourism activists, supporting investors to enter the field and closely monitoring the activities of local tourism companies, with the presence of relevant authorities. He wants. The development of the local economy and the active involvement of the private sector in the tourism industry are among the opportunities that the tourism industry can bring to the country's sustainable development of the tourism industry. Ecotourism policies must also be integrated into a systematic, integrated approach to macroeconomic, political, cultural, and social areas with a view to protecting the environment, which is a common legacy of today's and tomorrow's generations, and fostering public participation in the field. Developing infrastructure, infrastructure, and revenue from this business - reviewing the types and patterns of benefits and benefits from public and private partnerships. B The eccentricity of canvas pointed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - Investigating the Effects of Tourism on the Quality of Life of Villagers from the Perspective of the Host Community (A case study of the villages of Efraineh, Paran Parviz, and Valiasr in Poldakhtar)
sajjad bazvand tahmibeh daniyali bahram azadbakht simin armaghanThe purpose of the current research is to investigate the effects of tourism on villagers’ life quality from the perspective of the host community in the villages of Afarineh, Paran Parviz, and Valiasr in Poldokhtar. The statistical population of the research incl MoreThe purpose of the current research is to investigate the effects of tourism on villagers’ life quality from the perspective of the host community in the villages of Afarineh, Paran Parviz, and Valiasr in Poldokhtar. The statistical population of the research included the local people of Afrinah, Paran Parviz, and Valiasr villages which according to the census of 2015 was estimated to be 4084 people. To select the sample size, Cochran's formula was used based on which 351 people were sampled. One-sample t-test and multivariate regression analysis were used to analyze the research findings. The obtained results showed that the effects of tourism in the economic, social, environmental, physical-spatial, and health and individual welfare dimensions with averages of 3.539, 3.469, 3.592, 3.562, and 3.562 respectively were desirable. The results of the regression analysis showed that tourism had the greatest impact on the economic, social, spatial physical, individual health and well-being, and environmental dimension with beta values of 0.355, 0.278, 0.239, 0.183, and 0.113 repectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - Explaining the Role of Social Participation Components of Local Residents in Reducing the Negative Effects of Rural Tourism (A case study of villages in the central part of Fereydoun County)
ahmad momeni elnaz asherigafshe behnaz ghasemiradTourism is a community-based industry, and the participation of residents is crucial for its success and long-term sustainability. This research aims to explore the role of social participation components of local residents in reducing the negative consequences of rural MoreTourism is a community-based industry, and the participation of residents is crucial for its success and long-term sustainability. This research aims to explore the role of social participation components of local residents in reducing the negative consequences of rural tourism in the central part of Faridan. The research is of an applied type, and in terms of research method, it is a descriptive-survey type based on a questionnaire. The statistical population of the research includes the residents of villages in the central part of Faridan, which according to the last census of 2015, is equal to 14,050 people and 4,673 households. Using Cochran's formula, a sample size of 375 people was sampled. A researcher-made questionnaire was used as the measuring instrument and the face validity was verified by a panel of experts. Its reliability was calculated based on Cronbach's alpha formula, ranging between 0.963 and 0.776 for different components. The questionnaire was randomly distributed among the residents based on the distribution of the village population. The findings suggest a positive and significant relationship between all the effective components of the research (social participation) and the socio-cultural variable. In the regression test, it was found that the educational level had a more significant effect compared to other variables in improving rural tourism. Therefore, increasing participation through social capital can lead to the improvement of tourism and the reduction of the social consequences of tourism in the villages of the studied region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - Analysis of the Role of Community-Oriented Police in the Light of Restorative Justice (with an Emphasis on the Criminal System)
SEYYED SAJJAD razzaghi mousavi mehrdad rayejianasliReceive Date: 2023/01/01 Revise Date: 2023/04/30 Accep MoreReceive Date: 2023/01/01 Revise Date: 2023/04/30 Accept Date: 2023/05/07 Police institutions, which have a long archaism in different societies, were formed with the main purpose of maintaining public order and preventing crime occurrence. This institution, like public order, has evolved over the past decades in accordance with the evolution of the society's understanding of the criminal phenomenon and has shifted from traditional approaches to the new and community-oriented approaches. Nowadays, countries have faced an increase in crimes, which has caused insecurity and mistrust to the police in the society. In order to deal with this insecurity and mistrust, the governments decided to decentralize the police and also assign an important role to the society in fighting against crimes. Also, according to the current society's need for a police model which is different from the traditional police model, a restoration police was formed to respond to these needs. By using the descriptive-analytical method, the following article acknowledges the important and influential role of the police in resolving disputes and criminal issues as one of the actors of the criminal justice system. Among the most important preventive strategies of community-oriented police, we can point out the realization of interactive police instead of repressive police, the realization of ethical police instead of forceful police and playing the role of warning police instead of chasing police. On the other hand, changing the strategy from violent policies to participation-oriented criminal policies and also moving in the direction of community-oriented police model governance are among these requirements. In other words, the implementation of rehabilitation programs in the police organization requires the trust of the victims in the police as well as dignified behavior towards the victims. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - Islamic Lifestyle with the Focus on Verse 34 of Surah al-Nisá
Seyed Mohammad Razavi Marziyeh SaemiLifestyle in Islamic culture is a set of beliefs, values, dos and don’ts that originates from the two sources of the Qur'an and ʿItrat. The general principles and characteristics of an Islamic culture that helps the transcendent lifestyle are generally stated in t MoreLifestyle in Islamic culture is a set of beliefs, values, dos and don’ts that originates from the two sources of the Qur'an and ʿItrat. The general principles and characteristics of an Islamic culture that helps the transcendent lifestyle are generally stated in the verses of the Qur'an and its details have been explained by the infallible Imams and with its divine centrality gives direction to all aspects of life, the end of which is the individual and social transcendent of the community. The most controversial verses of the holy Qur’an is: “Men are the protectors and maintainers of women”, which in the legal system of Islam has been cited as a significant criterion in expressing the legal rules; the present study is based on the descriptive-analytical method acquiring a lifestyle based on holy verse, the author after examining the meaning of guardianship and expressing other points with regard to this holy verse, and the expression of the Islamic view (Qur'an and narrations), it has concluded that Qawwāmiyat means to have the right to manage, to protect, to be the head of the family, and it doesn’t include the meaning of Wilāyat and to have authority, in the lifestyle, especially the Islamic lifestyle, because, men have priority over women in intellect and tact, and they have more endurance in severe hardships and problems and women are emotional and emotional, so due to these bestowed and acquired virtues, men have priority over women in protecting them, and this becomes the cause of the transcendent lifestyle, while Many verses of the Holy Qur'an considers the men and women peers and remind the perfection and imperfection of both them at the same time and explicitly describes their unity, so Islam considers no difference between them in moving and traveling to God and the path to God is possible by pious thinking and acting. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - The relationship between the community of inquiry and the students' learning outcomes in e-learning environments
Fatemeh Narenji Sani niloufar amoee Samane HejaziThis study aimed the relationship between the community of inquiry and the outcomes of learning among students in an e-learning setting, and the statistical population of this study included students of MehrAlborz Higher Education Institute and the University of Tehran MoreThis study aimed the relationship between the community of inquiry and the outcomes of learning among students in an e-learning setting, and the statistical population of this study included students of MehrAlborz Higher Education Institute and the University of Tehran in 3 fields of study. The data were collected online through the Survey of Garrison et al., 2000 and then analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Also, to evaluate the achievement of students' learning outcomes, the weighted average of their first two semesters was considered as a criterion. The validity of the questionnaire was estimated based on the validity of the content, and its reliability was based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.83. The results of data analysis showed that in terms of cognitive presence and social presence, students of MehrAlborz Higher Education Institute are at a higher level compared to the University of Tehran, but no difference was observed between the two groups in terms of teaching attendance. On the other hand, there is a positive and significant relationship between cognitive, social, and teaching presence with the students' learning outcomes at the Mehralborz Higher Education Institute. Finally, cognitive, presence has the highest correlation with the students' learning outcomes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - Future Studies of the Middle East over the Next Three Decades; Analysis of the Trends of Fight against Terrorism at the International Level
محمدعلی بصیری زهرا آقامحمدیAbstract: The Middle East is one of the most important regions of the world that has been affected by terrorism as one of the most serious security threats for the future of the region. Although the states in the region have adopted different strategies to fight his phe MoreAbstract: The Middle East is one of the most important regions of the world that has been affected by terrorism as one of the most serious security threats for the future of the region. Although the states in the region have adopted different strategies to fight his phenomenon yet these strategies have not been able to effectively resolve the problem in the region and at the international level. The present article takes the help of English school theory of international relations and wants to answer this question as to what desirable and probable trend will exist in future for dealing with terrorism at the international level? The finding of the study shows that a scenario with characteristic like the solidarity of international community in fight against terrorism, more serious leadership of the United Nations, commitment to human rights while fighting against terrorism, formation of a coherent operational strategy, accepting the jurisdiction of International Punitive Court for punishing the agents of terrorist acts and strengthening equality and justice, will be the most favorable and probable outlook for fight against terrorism in the international arena in coming three decades. The purpose of the present paper is to examine the threats coming from terrorism and the opportunities for fighting against it with coming three decades with the cooperation of international community under the leadership of the United Nations. The methodology used in the paper is descriptive-analytical and futures studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - The Confrontation of Law and Power: A Comparative study on Applaying the Responsibility to Protect in Syria and Libya Crises
Najva hazeri ghodrat ahmadian farzad rostamiThe international arena has always been the site of competition for state actors. After World War II, the will of the international community to internationalize and legalize internationally formed bodies such as the United Nations was to peacefully resolve its crises a MoreThe international arena has always been the site of competition for state actors. After World War II, the will of the international community to internationalize and legalize internationally formed bodies such as the United Nations was to peacefully resolve its crises and issues through collective action. To be solved by the international community. Due to the growing need for human rights, civil laws were developed in the field, one of which was the principle of responsibility for responding to human rights abuses in Rwanda, Kosovo and Bosnia. This principle was defined as a timely and decisive response to acts of violence by the Security Council on behalf of the international community. The question here is: Why does the Security Council doctrine of responsibility for support in Libya but not Syria? In response to this question, it is suggested that the consensus of the great powers in the application of the doctrine of responsibility for protection in Libya and the lack of consensus of the great powers in the absence of this principle in Syria overpower Has led to the law. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - The Structure of Government in the Middle East
Seyed Javad Emamjomehzadeh Jaafar NaghdiIn the developed world of post-Westphalia era whatever we pass from the past to present we notice the regular reduction of the power of government in favour of non-governmental actors. The Middle East also as one of the regions of the world has such characteristic. In o MoreIn the developed world of post-Westphalia era whatever we pass from the past to present we notice the regular reduction of the power of government in favour of non-governmental actors. The Middle East also as one of the regions of the world has such characteristic. In other words the process of formation of government in the Middle East and the emergence of several elements along with the government shows that the power of the government is reducing in favour of nongovernmental actors. This subject is being studied by making use of three traditions of English school( international system, international community and the world community) and comparing that with structure of the government in the Middle East and the move from international system towards world community. The present article shows that the structure of the government in the Middle East consists of elements which fall within three said traditions category. While we witness the increasing power of the governments and very little interaction of them with each other (international system) there are common intergovernmental institutions (international community) simultaneously supra-national movements of relatively popular nature like Pan Arabism and Pan-Islamism show themselves (world community) . Nevertheless, the process of move is in a direction which one can notice the regular transition from international system towards existing world community in developed world (West) and similar transition is happening in the Middle East. In fact that is seen in recent developments of the Middle East and North Africa although the tradition of international system in the Middle East is more powerful as compared to other two traditions (international community and world community). Therefore the main purpose of the present article is showing the trend of the move of the structure of the government in the Middle East from the tradition of international system toward international community and world community. Alongside this transition the quality of the interaction is also of great importance in forming the structure of government in the Middle East. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - The Conceptology of Nation and Ethnic Nationality as an Element of Political Community (along with Scientific Indexes for Distinguishing the Level and Intensity of Ethnicity)
Taghi DashtiThe ambiguity in the meaning of the concept of ethnicity and ethnic minority has made the interaction of governments with ethnic group a difficult task. In other words the basic measure for wise determination and normative rights of ethnic minorities in a political comm MoreThe ambiguity in the meaning of the concept of ethnicity and ethnic minority has made the interaction of governments with ethnic group a difficult task. In other words the basic measure for wise determination and normative rights of ethnic minorities in a political community is explaining the concept and conceptual framework of the concepts like ethnos, ethnicity, ethnic group and ethnic minority. The present article first defines the concept and meaning of the word ethnicity and its background then it gives different accepted definitions about ethnicity. After that the article chooses a suitable and comprehensive definition about ethnicity (as a challenging fact in modern political community). It also gives a table (perhaps for the first time) which includes indexes for determining the degree and intensity of ethnicity. In this direction for better explanation of the concept of the ethnicity it states different degrees of ethnicity and eventually by combining two words of ethnicity and minority; the ethnic minority is also defined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - بررسی تأثیر رابطه معلم - دانش آموز و دانش آموز - دانش آموز بر احساس کلاس درس از جامعه و مشارکت دانش آموزان در کلاس درس
نیما یمرلی حامد ضرابی نادیا قرنیهدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر رابطه معلم-دانش آموز و رابطه دانش آموز-دانش آموز بر احساس کلاسی از جامعه و مشارکت کلاسی دانش آموزان در بین زبان آموزان ایرانی دبیرستانی بود. بدین منظور 300 دانشآموز نوجوان از دبیرستانهای مختلف استان گلستان به روش نمونهگیری تصادفی برای شرکت Moreهدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر رابطه معلم-دانش آموز و رابطه دانش آموز-دانش آموز بر احساس کلاسی از جامعه و مشارکت کلاسی دانش آموزان در بین زبان آموزان ایرانی دبیرستانی بود. بدین منظور 300 دانشآموز نوجوان از دبیرستانهای مختلف استان گلستان به روش نمونهگیری تصادفی برای شرکت در پژوهش انتخاب شدند. برای جمعآوری دادهها، سه پرسشنامه (مقیاس رابطه معلم و دانشآموز و مقیاس ارتباط دانشآموز-دانشآموز، مقیاس احساس جامعه در کلاس و مقیاس مشارکت کلاسی دانشآموزان) بین شرکتکنندگان توزیع شد. در مجموع به 57 مورد 6-Likert توسط دانشجویان پاسخ داده شد. با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی (EFA)، همبستگی پیرسون و تحلیل میانجیگری، مشخص شد که بین رابطه معلم و دانشآموز و رابطه دانشآموز و دانشآموز و درگیری کلاس و احساس جامعه کلاسی رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. علاوه بر آن، مشخص شد که احساس اجتماعی کلاس درس تأثیر مستقیم و معناداری بر مشارکت دانشآموزان دارد. پیامدهای این مطالعه عمدتاً برای معلمان است که با دانشآموزان خود و خود دانشآموزان رابطهای دوستانه برقرار کنند تا بتوانند برای درگیر شدن در فرآیند یادگیری احساس آرامش و امنیت کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - شناسایی دسته های پیش بینی همپوشان : تمرکز بر کتب درسی زبان انگلیسی با اهداف ویژه
فرحناز بهلولی اسگوییمفهوم "پیش بینی" به عنوان یک ابزار بلاغی آینده نگر در بهبود توانایی های خواندن زبان آموزان در حوزه زبان انگلیسی با اهداف ویژه بر پایه این فرض اهمیت ویژه میابد که وقتی ساختار بلاغی متن توسط زبان آموز درک شود، وی می تواند از آن برای پیش بینی نوع اطلاعات پیش رو بهره ببرد. Moreمفهوم "پیش بینی" به عنوان یک ابزار بلاغی آینده نگر در بهبود توانایی های خواندن زبان آموزان در حوزه زبان انگلیسی با اهداف ویژه بر پایه این فرض اهمیت ویژه میابد که وقتی ساختار بلاغی متن توسط زبان آموز درک شود، وی می تواند از آن برای پیش بینی نوع اطلاعات پیش رو بهره ببرد. هدف این مطالعه بررسی امکان مرتبط کردن سیگنالهای متنی " مقوله های پیش بینی" با دانش محتوای متن بود. برای این منظور، یک پژوهش توصیفی کیفی بر روی داده ها مشتمل بر 10 فصل از 5 کتاب درسی در رشته مهندسی عمران با استفاده ازمدل تحلیلی طراحی شده توسط "تادرس" بر پایه مفهوم پیش بینی اتخاذ شد. شش دسته"مقوله پیشبینی" معرفیشده توسط تادروس که زیربنای این مدل هستند، شامل شمارش، برچسبگذاری پیشرفته، گزارش، بازپیدایی، فرضیه سازی و سؤال ، بهطور مداوم در متون انتخاب شده بررسی شدند. یافتههای این مطالعه یک دسته پیشبینیکننده جدیدی به نام «مقولههای پیشبینیهمپوشان» را نشان داد که در آن دو یا سه دسته مقوله های پیشبینی، دقیقاً روی یکدیگر همپوشانی دارند.بر مبنای نتایج بدست آمده از این مطالعه ، آگاه سازی زبان آموزان ، معلمان و طراحان کتب آموزشی در مورد وجود چنین مقوله های پیش بینی میتواند مزایای قابل توجهی برای همه اعضای جامعه زبان انگلیسی با اهداف ویژه به همراه داشته باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - The Relationship between community Development Planning and Quality of Life in Mehriz City
SeyedAlireza Afshani Naeime AhmadiEach country needs to plan for the development of its inhabitants. One of the areas that can be considered in Planning is neighborhood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between community development planning and quality of life among citizen MoreEach country needs to plan for the development of its inhabitants. One of the areas that can be considered in Planning is neighborhood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between community development planning and quality of life among citizens. Symbolic interaction theory and structural functionalism were utilized to form the theoretical framework of the study. The method used in this research was of survey type. Data was collected using a questionnaire and, using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, 385 citizens living in Mehriz city were selected as the sample. Validity of the tool was determined by content validity method and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to assess the reliability of the questions. Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software. The findings of the research indicated that there was a direct and significant relationship between the level of community development planning and quality of life and its different dimensions. Structural equation modelling showed that the variance of community development planning explained 24% of the variance of quality of life and fit indices also indicated the utility of the model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Sociological analysis of cultural implications of the development of medium - sized cities in Iran in 1397 – 1396 (Case of study: MARAND)
hoorieh mahgsoudi Mehrdad Navabakhsh Seyed Mohammad Seyedmirzaee صدیقه محمد اسماعیلIn order to achieve sustainable urban development, certain conditions should be provided to pave the way for sustainable human development and the improvement of social welfare, which in turn can strengthen social solidarity structures such as social commitment and acco MoreIn order to achieve sustainable urban development, certain conditions should be provided to pave the way for sustainable human development and the improvement of social welfare, which in turn can strengthen social solidarity structures such as social commitment and accountability, strengthening of urban spaces and improving the sharing of civic spaces and enhancing the satisfaction of urban spaces and enhancing the satisfaction of civic environment and urban landscape. This study aims to do a sociological analysis of the cultural implications of the development of medium-sized cities in Iran over the last ten years and the case of study is the city of Marand during the years of 1396 and 97. The research population consisted of people over 15 years in Marand during the years 96 - 96. A stratified and cluster sampling method was used to select the sample. In total, 2600 questionnaires were completed. Freidman test results showed that the following needs have priority for residents: the need for social interaction with each other (rank 7.34), the need for facilities and welfare amenities (rank 7.18), the need for security (rank 4.26), and belonging to the city (rank 2.74). Other needs were in the intermedium range. Overall, the results suggested that the establishment of public spaces as a platform for social interaction is a pressing request. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Community-based Urban Public Space in Talebov's Utopian Ideas
Seyedeh Aida Hoseini Mahsa SholehThe rapid pace of change in cities has led to disparities in social, economic, managerial, and spatial structures, which are evident in public spaces. These public spaces serve as an indication of a city's biodiversity, and developing sustainable public realms is crucia MoreThe rapid pace of change in cities has led to disparities in social, economic, managerial, and spatial structures, which are evident in public spaces. These public spaces serve as an indication of a city's biodiversity, and developing sustainable public realms is crucial in addressing urban challenges. This study aims to explore Talebov's utopian perspective on community-oriented public spaces and compare it with the viewpoints of sociology and urban experts to devise an effective strategy for sustainable public spaces. The study utilizes a descriptive-analytical methodology with a qualitative approach, focusing on fundamental research goals and employing a post-exploratory strategy within the explanatory paradigm. Data collection was conducted in a library and analyzed using Atlas software. The findings revealed similarities between Talebov's idealist approach and the realist theories in terms of management, social dynamics, and economic aspects. However, Talebov specifically emphasizes the visual dimension and places importance on aesthetic values. According to Talebov's theory, religion can be one of the primary philosophies underlying the stability of a country or a city; other theories have only suggested the existence of this element. Based on Talebov and other theorists, if these five dimensions are applied harmoniously in public spaces, it will result in their sustainability, which is where today's cities progress and improve. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - تعیین ساختار جمعیت میکروبی شکمبه در بزهای سانن سازگار یافته به جیرهای با فیبر بالا در شمال شرق ایران
س.ه. ابراهیمی ر. ولیزاده و. حیدریان میریبز سوئیسی سانن نژادی است که در گلههای تجاری سراسر جهان یافت میشود. در مقاله حاضر، ساختار جمعیت میکروبی بز سانن که به جیرههای حاوی علوفه خشبی عادت کرده بودند با استفاده از تکنیک پایروسکوئنسینگ مطالعه شده است. نمونه محتویات شکمبه از تعداد 4 رأس بز با استفاده از لوله شک Moreبز سوئیسی سانن نژادی است که در گلههای تجاری سراسر جهان یافت میشود. در مقاله حاضر، ساختار جمعیت میکروبی بز سانن که به جیرههای حاوی علوفه خشبی عادت کرده بودند با استفاده از تکنیک پایروسکوئنسینگ مطالعه شده است. نمونه محتویات شکمبه از تعداد 4 رأس بز با استفاده از لوله شکمی پس از چرای صبحگاهی گرفته شد. پس از خشک کردن نمونههای فوق با روش فریز درایر و استخراج دیانای، ژنهای 16S rRNA باکتریایی و آرکهای و 18S rRNA پروتوزوآیی با واکنش زنجیره پلیمراز تکثیر شدند و پس از توالییابی با روش پایروسکوئنسینگ تیتانیوم 454، با نرم افزار کیمه آنالیز شدند. تجزیه دادهها نشان داد که در سطح جنس، پریوتلا که در شاخه باکتریودتز قرار دارد با غالبیت نسبی 41/29 درصد کل باکتریها اکثریت جنس باکتریایی شکمبه را تشکیل داده بود. جنس طبقهبندی نشدهای از گروه باکتریودالز در همین شاخه (باکتریودتز) با سهم 01/11 درصد جمعیت باکتریایی به عنوان باکتری غالب دوم تعیین شد. شاخه غالب دوم باکتریایی در شکمبه بزهای سانن فرمیکوتس بود و 3 جنس طبقهبندی نشده رده کلستریدیالز ذیل این شاخه جمعا 42/21 درصد جمعیت باکتریایی را به خود اختصاص داده بودند. غالبترین جنس پروتوزوآیی انتودینیوم بود که 78/46 درصد کل جمعیت پروتوزوآ را به خود اختصاص داده بود. پس از آن، اپیدینیوم و افریسکولکس با سهم 37/12 و 92/11 درصدی از کل جمعیت پروتوزوآ در رتبه دوم و سوم قرار داشتند. توالیهای مرتبط با متانوپلاسماتالز به عنوان آرکه غالب جمعیت میکروبی در شکمبه بزهای سانن شناسایی شدند. متانوبرویباکتر گوتسچالکی کلید و متانوبرویباکتر رمیننتیوم کلید با فراوانی به ترتیب 79/35 و 36/13 درصد دومین و سومین گروه تولیدکننده متان بودند. نسبت توالیهای طبقهبندی نشده بالا در نمونههای محتویات شکمبه بزهای سانن در شرایط این مطالعه نشان میدهد باید مطالعات بیشتری بر اساس روشهای مبتنی بر کشت در خصوص شناسایی گونههای مربوطه که احتمالاً در هضم فیبر نقش مهم و اساسی دارند انجام شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - An Optimized Firefly Algorithm based on Cellular Learning Automata for Community Detection in Social Networks
Hasan Rabani Farhad Soleimanian Gharehchopogh -
Open Access Article
143 - An Improved Symbiotic Organisms Search for Community Detection in Social Networks
Yahya Ghanbarzadeh Bonab -
Open Access Article
144 - On the Evaluation Effects of the Implementation of Rural Guiding Plans and its Role in Rural Development from the Local Community Point of View (Case Study: The Central Part of Ize City)
Sedigheh Karaminasab Siavash Molaei PardehNowadays, rural guiding plan as the most important management tool, considered as the first organized and national comprehensive effort for spatial organization of villages in the country, which can play a fundamental role in the integrated development of rural areas. & MoreNowadays, rural guiding plan as the most important management tool, considered as the first organized and national comprehensive effort for spatial organization of villages in the country, which can play a fundamental role in the integrated development of rural areas. Now, after more than three decades of developing and implementing rural plans and pooling valuable experience in the field of space-related change, we need to know what the consequences of these actions have been. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of its role in rural development plan and the rural areas of the central part of Ize city. This is a descriptive - analytical study, and data were gathered through library and field study. The population of the study were residents of 7 villages in central part of Izeh city (3466 households) who have spent more than 10 years since their implementation of rural guiding plan that based on the Cochran formula, the sample size was estimated at 346 individuals. The study's tool was a questionnaire for residents of the villages involved in the plan and the validity of this study was confirmed by some experts. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.85) was used to determine the reliability of the main scale of the questionnaire. Also, SPSS software was applied for data analysis. The results of this study indicated that the means of the two dimensions (Physical and Social) had better performance than the economic and environmental dimensions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - The effect of Menarid International Project on the development of local communities (Case study: Hamoon Sistan project)
NAZANIN NAIMABADAI HAMID Jalaliyan vahid riyahi mahmud reza mirlotfiThe main goal of this project is to empower local communities, i. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of this project on the development of local communities in Hamoon area. The present study is descriptive-analytical in terms of applied purpose and in t MoreThe main goal of this project is to empower local communities, i. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of this project on the development of local communities in Hamoon area. The present study is descriptive-analytical in terms of applied purpose and in terms of data collection and analysis methods. . Field data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and collected by survey and interview. The results showed that this project in the social dimension only in the areas of (increasing self-confidence in the abilities of people in rural areas, increasing the participation of women in rural development, solidarity and mass communication between women in rural areas, the existence of networks Social and economic for girls and women in the countryside, social security suitable for the movement of women and girls), in the environmental dimension in items (promotion and implementation of training classes by regional promoters, training of various crops in the field ) Has had favorable effects in terms of infrastructure in items (access to various agricultural inputs, access to rural cooperatives) and in other economic and physical dimensions has not had a favorable effect in any of the items. Also, the results of spatial analysis of local community development by development dimensions in Hamoon area showed that Kikha village has the highest rank in dimensions (economic, social, physical, infrastructure, environmental) in terms of the impact of the Menarid project. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Evaluation of the Livelihood Levels of Nomads Settlement Centers in the Central District of Boyer Ahmad County
سید امیر توفیقیان اصل vahid reyahi abbas Bakhshandeh Nusrat hamid jalalianOne of the tribal community development planning strategies is settling, which has been implemented with the goals of servicing, construction and development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the livability of nomadic settlements in the central part of Boyer Ah MoreOne of the tribal community development planning strategies is settling, which has been implemented with the goals of servicing, construction and development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the livability of nomadic settlements in the central part of Boyer Ahmad County by descriptive-analytical method. The research approach is a combined approach (quantitative - qualitative - quantitative). Required data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire, observation and semi-structured interviews based on grounded theory. The statistical population of the study consisted of four nomadic settlements with a total of 272 households. Data analysis was performed using Path Analysis and TOPSIS methods. The results show that employment and income criteria have the most significant direct effect on livability. Nomadic families living in a quiet, safe, balanced and stable residential environment with higher social welfare have a higher quality of life. Also, there is a statistically significant direct relationship between population size and proximity to the top urban centers with the livability of the centers. Also, the causal relationship between optimal water and pasture management indicates a significant indirect effect on livelihoods, meaning that livestock-based households pay little attention to environmental impacts and make the most use of nature. Moreover, from the point of view of the residents, Mansourabad has the first highest level of livability and the Talkhdan settlement is ranked second with the right points and the least difference, and Hosseinabad and Dali Bajak are in the third and fourth levels, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - Analysis of Socio-Economic and Physical Environmental Effects of Second Home Construction in Tourism Villages, Based on Host Community point of view (Case Study: Barase Village - Tonkabon Township)
gharib Fazelniya akbar kiani mehdi ramezan zadeh elham afsharIntroduction The second home is one of the reasons that tourists notice to villages. Also, those often built because of spending leisure time in rural areas. The second home phenomenon is growing in developing countries rapidly. Also, it is a respond to r MoreIntroduction The second home is one of the reasons that tourists notice to villages. Also, those often built because of spending leisure time in rural areas. The second home phenomenon is growing in developing countries rapidly. Also, it is a respond to rural crises that caused by change in agricultural methods. In addition, this phenomenon augmented by the climatic and geographic differences, Rural and urban migration, Environmental Pollution, Population and overcrowding in cities, improve of way communications, Increase the benefit of personal car. Over all, developing of such kind of tourism has social, economical and environmental consequences. Research Methodology The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of second home on tourism rural structure of Baraseh village in Tonkabon Township. This study focused on economic, social and physical environment aspects. The descriptive analytic research method was based on documental library studies, documental resources, finding fields and questionnaire surveying. Results The results indicated that the host community satisfaction was less than average, in economic domain, social and physical-environment factors. In this study accounted significant level of alpha 0.05 considered and it was equal to 0.000.this result shows that there is significant agreement between answers. The most important positive outcomes were an increase in job opportunities, sale of local products, improvement in the quality of the services and village's streets and reconstruction of the old houses and reconstruction. The negative consequences are increasing of land and house price, Conversion agricultural gardens to home gardens , increasing of the non-Native ownership of rural land and housing, destroying the rural landscape and the higher construction rate. Conclusion Tourist attractions in potential regions provide an opportunity to develop rural areas, especially tourism villages, which provide people for relaxation and comfort on one hand and on the other hand have deep consequences for the towns themselves and brings opportunities as well as dangers for rural societies. Tourism and second home construction in Berse rural area is Spontaneous and it has no predetermined plan. In fact, it has negative and positive consequences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - Understanding Livelihood Status of Fishing Communities to the Impact of Climate Change in The Coastal Areas of Bangladesh
Shahali Mitul Fakir Huda Md. Asaduzzaman -
Open Access Article
149 - The Moderator Effect of Community Size on Suffering from Social Problems among Rural Youth in Egypt
Mokhtar Abd-Ella Huda El-Lethee Mohammed Ebad-Allah -
Open Access Article
150 - Sociological Investigation of limitations of Ethnic Diversity Affecting the Sense of Belonging to the National Community (A Case Study of Ahwaz Metropolis)
Bahram Sarvestan Ahmad Azin sayed naser HejaziThe aim of this study was to investigate the sociological limitations of ethnic diversity affecting the sense of belonging to the national community. The data of this study were collected by a survey method from a sample of 500 participants selected by stratified random MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the sociological limitations of ethnic diversity affecting the sense of belonging to the national community. The data of this study were collected by a survey method from a sample of 500 participants selected by stratified random sampling method from the population of 331556 people who were households living in Ahwaz metropolis. The research tool used to collect data was a structured researcher-made questionnaire the face validity which were confirmed by the most respected professors in the field of sociology. The construct validity of the test was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis and its reliability was established through Cronbach’s alpha in an introductory study (α=0.75). Data were analyzed by using SPSS and AMOS software and by analysis of structural equals model in descriptive and inferential levels. Findings of this study show that the variables of relative sense of deprivation with a coefficient of -%48 and significant level of .000, social distrust with a coefficient of -%21, and significance level of 0.00, racist with a coefficient of %13 and significance level of 0.002 were confirmed and these variables had the most effect on the sense of belonging to the community successively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - تاثیر عوامل بازاریابی درونگرا برعملکرد بازاریابی (موردکاوی: صنعت رستوران درشهرستان رشت با تأکید بررستوران های بنانهاده شده برنامه های گیلکی)
مهدی محمدی کوچصفهانی محمد جلیلی محمود نوراییهدف این پژوهش تاثیر عوامل بازاریابی درونگرا بر عملکرد بازاریابی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش را کلیة مشتریان شش رستوران بناشده با نام های گیلکی فعال در فضای مجازی شهر رشت تشکیل دادند. بر این اساس با استفاده از روش نمونهگیری دردسترس، نمونهای به حجم 400 نفر انتخاب شدند. مقیا Moreهدف این پژوهش تاثیر عوامل بازاریابی درونگرا بر عملکرد بازاریابی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش را کلیة مشتریان شش رستوران بناشده با نام های گیلکی فعال در فضای مجازی شهر رشت تشکیل دادند. بر این اساس با استفاده از روش نمونهگیری دردسترس، نمونهای به حجم 400 نفر انتخاب شدند. مقیاسهای استاندارد پژوهش مدیریت قابلیتمشاهده، گوشدادن فعال، ساخت انجمن، قصد تبلیغ دهانبهدهان و قصد خرید بودند. تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از مدل­سازی معادلات ساختاری با نرم افزارAmos نسخه 24 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ضرایب تعیین متغیرهای وابستة پژوهش نشان میدهد که گوشدادن فعال، ساخت انجمن، مدیریت قابلیتمشاهده و قصد تبلیغ دهانبهدهان توانستهاند 49 درصد از واریانس قصد خرید مشتریان را پیشبینی کنند. همچنین گوشدادن فعال، ساخت انجمن، مدیریت قابلیتمشاهده توانستهاند 28 درصد از واریانس قصد تبلیغ دهانبهدهان مشتریان را پیش­بینی کنند. بنابراین میتوان نتیجه گرفت که حضور فعال رستورانها در بستر آنلاین ارتباط مستقیمی با قصد تبلیغ دهانبهدهان و قصد خرید مشتریان دارد وتوجه به ابزارهای بازاریابی درونگرا نقش بسزایی در موفقیت کسب وکار آنها دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - The concept and application of resilience in a resistance economy with a human capital approach
Mohammad Javad SalehiDespite the recent popularity and frequent use of the resilience concept in the academic, research, and policy programs, there is a limited theoretical understanding of this concept. For instance, it is not clear how this concept should be operationalized and what its d MoreDespite the recent popularity and frequent use of the resilience concept in the academic, research, and policy programs, there is a limited theoretical understanding of this concept. For instance, it is not clear how this concept should be operationalized and what its determinant factors are or how they can be measured. This paper is an attempt to develop a conceptual and methodological framework for the analysis, measurement, and mapping of resilience. The paper specifically intends to archive three objectives. Firstly, it examines the general definitional issues of the concept of resilience with a focus on human capital. Secondly, it reviews the frameworks that are currently used to measure community resilience. Thirdly, it evaluates the existing methods that are used to develop resilience indices, and based on this review, a methodology on how to measure community resilience is proposed. Finally, it summarizes the limitations and recommendations for further improvement of the methodology. The major core of this article is on the Community and resilience economy emphasizing on human capital. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - Impact of Socio-Economic Factors on Sport Tourism in Host Cities
زهرا نوبخت رمضانیImpact of Socio-Economic Factors on Sport Tourism in Host CitiesAbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of socio-economic factors on sport tourism in host cities. This research is a cross-sectional survey based on applied purpose and data collect MoreImpact of Socio-Economic Factors on Sport Tourism in Host CitiesAbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of socio-economic factors on sport tourism in host cities. This research is a cross-sectional survey based on applied purpose and data collection method. Also, since the field method is used for data collection, this research is a survey type. The statistical population of the study consisted of sport management and marketing professors, experts from Tehran Province Cultural Heritage and Tourism Bureau, experts from Tehran Bureau of Sport and Youth Affairs, Orumieh, Semnan and business owners and hotel managers, including 151 persons. The purposive non-random sampling method was used as the statistical sample and the questionnaire was distributed among them randomly. The research questionnaire was developed by a researcher whose validity was confirmed by 10 professors and experts using Laosche's coefficient (0.62) and also by exploratory factor analysis. Also, the reliability of the questionnaire was obtained by Cronbach's alpha for all factors above 0.7. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics were used to represent demographic information (frequency tables, dispersal and central indices) and inferential statistics were used to respond to the research hypotheses. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to determine normality of data distribution, KMO test to determine data adequacy, exploratory factor analysis to analyze data and identify key factors, then confirmatory factor analysis method was used to estimate significance, factor loadings and The most important indicators were used. SPSS software version 23 was used to calculate descriptive data and Smart PLS3 software was used for inferential data and confirmatory factor analysis was used to measure the relationships between variables. The results showed that social factors include cultural model, social relationships, safety and security, customs, living standards of local communities, environmental and economic factors including investment, price of goods and lands and various markets, ease of travel and infrastructure development. The most important social factor was the cultural pattern (3.55) and the least important factor was the living standards of the local communities (3.31). The most important economic factors were investment (3.50) and the least important factor was ease of travel (2.47).The result is that awareness of the economic and social impacts is one of the factors that reduce the unwanted disruption to the life of the host community and maximize the positive economic and social impacts on sport tourism and also create a greater incentive for volunteer communities to earn a host score. income have more impact on the host city. Medium and under development and infrastructure factors had less impact than average. In general, sport tourism has both an economic and a societal impact on the host community. The cultural model was the least important one.Keywords: Sport tourism, social impacts, economic impacts, host community Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - Social functions of the Khaksari method in the Safavid and Qajar periods
zahra ebrahimiThe khaksariyeh method, which gained strength in Iran from the Safavid period onwards, was the source of many social developments in this period and after that, and interacted with various institutions of the society. The members of this Shiite method contribute to the MoreThe khaksariyeh method, which gained strength in Iran from the Safavid period onwards, was the source of many social developments in this period and after that, and interacted with various institutions of the society. The members of this Shiite method contribute to the promotion of Shiite culture by chanting and chanting prayers, and oppose the Shiite movements (such as Babbitt). While promoting tolerance and non-violence ethics among the people, they strengthened the relationship between Iranian nations and preserved and transmitted their important cultural heritages with tools such as poetry, calligraphy, music, painting, and veil reading.By writing practical and mystical treatises (such as fatutnamehs), in addition to literary activity, they tried to institutionalize mystical ethics among guilds and professionals and present Sufism in their form.Khaksariyyah consider themselves Twelver Shia. In their texts, they mention Shiite imams with respect and appeal to them. Therefore, he should be considered among the strengtheners of the tradition of invocation, a tradition that has often been objected to by Shia opponents.Key words: Khaksariyyah, Safavid Sufism, Qajar Sufism, Asnaf, Ahl Fatut Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - Macro invertebrate benthos of Kalarood River as water quality index
M. Shapoori A. Vosooghi M. Babazade S. VatandoostIn this research, water quality of Kalarood River of Babol was studied by identification of Macro invertebrate benthos. The result of this study was compared by ratio of EPT to Chironomidae and HFBI index. Six stations were selected and sampling was done seasonally for MoreIn this research, water quality of Kalarood River of Babol was studied by identification of Macro invertebrate benthos. The result of this study was compared by ratio of EPT to Chironomidae and HFBI index. Six stations were selected and sampling was done seasonally for one year. Arthropoda and platy worm are the main branch of invertebrate benthos; in four class, eight order and eleven families. Maximum and minimum of diversity and density was observed in spring and summer in all stations, respectively. Also maximum and minimum of diversity was measured in station one and six, respectively. The relationship between physical and hydrological parameters were significant (p<0.05) in different season but it was not significant in different stations (p>0.05). HFBI index showed that minimum, maximum and average of this index was 3.99 in fall, 4.62 in spring and 4.33 respectively. The result of this study indicated that the water quality in the upstream was in normal range (good to medium condition) but in the other hand downstream and middle stream was in good condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - Common Property Resources as Village Ecosystem Service Center in Drylands of Rajasthan, India
Mahesh Kumar Gaur R. Goyal Shiran K. -
Open Access Article
157 - Plant Species Diversity Response to Animal Grazing Intensity in Semi-Steppe Rangelands
Roholah Zeynivand Majid Ajorlo Ali Ariapour -
Open Access Article
158 - Finding Community Base on Web Graph Clustering
Alireza Rezaee Fariba Jahandideh Shekalgourabi2 -
Open Access Article
159 - A model to evaluate refah bank of television advertising effectiveness with the structural equation modeling approach in community
korosh saeidi Ali akbar farhangi Mohammad SoltanifarThe aim of this paper is to present a model to evaluate the effectiveness of television advertising in society.The main issue is how this research can be presented a comprehensive model to measure the effectiveness of television advertising? What are the dimensions of a MoreThe aim of this paper is to present a model to evaluate the effectiveness of television advertising in society.The main issue is how this research can be presented a comprehensive model to measure the effectiveness of television advertising? What are the dimensions of advertising effectiveness? What is the relationship between these dimensions?? For this purpose, 384 customers of one bank branch Brtratbary well as sample was selected using multi-stage sampling.The questionnaires were used to measure advertising effectiveness fun size, content, communication, emotional response to advertising, Aad, interest in the brand, brand awareness and brand perception evaluate And reliability based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient of reliability was examined by exploratory factor analysis The research is descriptive and correlational results obtained using structural equation modeling showed TV ads that make a significant difference in the attitudes of the audience to the advertising and In fact audiences to advertisers advertising on attitude, interest in the brand,brand awareness and perception of the brand and even more reluctant to buy influence.According to the results at the end of the conceptual model, the researchers were acceptable proposals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
160 - Paradigm analysis of the production-oriented policies in Iranian oil & gas industry and the impacts on the local communities (Case of Study: Darkhovein local inhabitant)
Shahram Farzi mansor vosooghiDarkhovein oil field local community, along last century. have been encountered to sugarcane industries, nuclear power plant and oil and gas industries as three iconic symbols of the industrial development. The production-oriented policies domination, has had the enviro MoreDarkhovein oil field local community, along last century. have been encountered to sugarcane industries, nuclear power plant and oil and gas industries as three iconic symbols of the industrial development. The production-oriented policies domination, has had the environmental, social, cultural and political implications and caused accumulation of claims and unheard voices of the inhabitants of this geopolitical region. In the current essay by applying Grounded Theory (GT) approach among the oil industry officials and staff, we made an effort to give an explanation to the present status. The policies adopted by oil industry practitioners have been identified in four paradigm models: distrust, ignorance, interest preferences (short-term, individual, organizational) and conditional interaction and within them the Alienation, as the core phenomena, has been emerged. These policies, along with factors such as the lack of, the socio-cultural-environmental context of projects, the newness and lack of integrated implementation of corporate social responsibility(CSR) as well as the normative pressure of the local and corporate subcultures, have yielded various results and affected on the local community both social and individual dimensions. At social dimension,, consequences have led destruction of the traditional economy, the disruption of Indigenous knowledge, pollution and environmental degradation, increasing ethnic-security tensions.َAt individual dimension phenomena as life time job-seeking, feeling hopelessness- inefficiency- powerlessness -isolation, and dependency with mutual distrust have been emerged. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
161 - The role of police-society media interaction in achieving security and cooperative order Study case of Tabriz metropolis
Nosrat Gorbaniyan soroush Fathi egbaleh azizkhaniToday, crime statistics show the increase and complexity of all kinds of crimes in the world. Although one of the most common methods of providing social security is the use of coercive factors: but experience has proven that despite the rapid availability of security o MoreToday, crime statistics show the increase and complexity of all kinds of crimes in the world. Although one of the most common methods of providing social security is the use of coercive factors: but experience has proven that despite the rapid availability of security of this type, its stability and durability are few and insignificant. The stability and sustainability of security can only be achieved through its institutionalization in a society, a sense of participation and public responsibility for social security. The purpose of the current research is to "investigate the role of police-society media interaction in achieving security and participatory order in the metropolis of Tabriz". The quantitative research method is a survey type and at the causal level. The statistical population is the citizens of Tabriz over 15 years old, which is a total of 1.593.373 people. The sample size was 720 people based on Cochran's formula and the selection was done by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The quantitative research method is a survey type and at the causal level. The tool for collecting information is a questionnaire made by the researcher; Its validity was calculated and confirmed by Cronbach's alpha through face validity and reliability experts. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling test with covariance approach was used using AMOS software. The results show that the direct effect of the police-society media interaction variable on cooperative security and order (P < 0.05, Z = 6.878, Z=0.42) is positive and significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
162 - Challenges of localization of criminal enforcement guarantees in Iranian law with emphasis on community-based punishments
Nizamuddin Payami Vahid Zarei Sharif Amir Reza Mahmoudi Atefeh LorkojuriThe aim of this study was to investigate the challenges of localization of criminal enforcement guarantees in Iranian law with emphasis on community-based punishments in Iran as a library study with a descriptive-analytical method. Community-based punishments are punish MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the challenges of localization of criminal enforcement guarantees in Iranian law with emphasis on community-based punishments in Iran as a library study with a descriptive-analytical method. Community-based punishments are punishments that are applied and executed in line with participatory criminal policy in the context of society, not in government institutions and institutions such as prisons and similar institutions. With the increase in the criminal population of prisons and the inefficiency of imprisonment, many efforts have been made in the form of various policies, which can be considered the emergence of community-based punishments as the most obvious of these efforts, which was approved by the Islamic Penal Code on 1/2/2013. Findings. The findings of the study show that community-based punishments face challenges in practice. These challenges are: ; Conflict of the obligation to obtain the consent of the convict and trial in absentia as provided in Article 406 of the Code of Criminal Procedure with Articles 65, 66 and 68 of the Islamic Penal Code; The possibility of issuing two types of public service punishments, the note of Article 64 and Note 3 of Article 84 of the Islamic Penal Code are in conflict with paragraph "d" of Article 23 of the Islamic Penal Code and the specification of Note 2 of this article. Lack of proper structure for coordination between the judiciary and the receiving institutions; And legislative challenges following sentencing 2. Cultural barriers, including: traditionalist judges; The punitive attitudes of the masses; Cultural delay; Lack of adequate manpower. 3. Political barriers that include: ideology and political culture and strictly unscientific criminal policy. Overall Conclusion: Research findings show that the implementation of community-based punishments faces three legal, cultural and political challenges. are Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
163 - Executive Mechanisms and Challenges of Restorative Justice in the Criminal Procedure Code adopted in 2013
Abdul Karim SabzevariRestorative justice seeks to repair the relationship between the offender and the victim with the efforts of the local community, and in our country there is a special and high capacity to implement restorative justice programs. But sometimes restorative justice mechani MoreRestorative justice seeks to repair the relationship between the offender and the victim with the efforts of the local community, and in our country there is a special and high capacity to implement restorative justice programs. But sometimes restorative justice mechanisms face challenges that conflict with the context of criminal litigation because the law somehow protects the victim, and restorative justice seeks to upset this balance and favor the victim in a distinct way. The offender becomes a tool. This also provides a challenge in the implementation process. In addition, in the implementation stages of restorative justice, to implement the teachings of restorative justice, we must form organizations and institutions to implement various methods of restorative justice, which in addition to having guarantees to have adequate budget for compensation, and this makes restorative justice Run at a broader and more desirable level. But if it is on paper, we can not expect more in the implementation process. Restorative justice in the Code of Criminal Procedure approved in 1392 in Articles 82, 83, 84 and 192 has been considered by the legislator. Restorative justice is mediated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - Evaluative Image in Social Spaces by Enhancing Collective Memory and Likability in the City (Case Study: The Area of Quds Square to Imamzadeh Hassan in the City of Karaj)
Sara Dasht Gard Maryam AkbariVisual quality can have strong impacts on experience and satisfaction with exposure to the environment. The evaluative image depends on the placement of environmental symptoms and evaluations that shape emotions, perceptions, and behaviors. Effective components such as MoreVisual quality can have strong impacts on experience and satisfaction with exposure to the environment. The evaluative image depends on the placement of environmental symptoms and evaluations that shape emotions, perceptions, and behaviors. Effective components such as time, place, and companionship enhance collective memory and remembering place. Cultural roles are shaped by the mental image and create an antisocial personality for of travelers, buyers, visitors and other people who experience the landscape of the city. Therefore, the presence of cultural - historical spaces in the area of Imamzadeh Hassan to the Quds square, with special potential to create community-oriented spaces, enhance the likability of the place . The research focuses on influencing of the collective manifestation and the continuity of presence on cognitive patterns of urban spaces. The purposes is achieving the guiding framework and create social urban open spaces, so descriptive-analytical method by conducting field studies, identify the quality of event spaces and its necessary facilities and specifications from the perspective of citizens. To strengthen the sense of collective memory in community-based, solutions are provided to establish and produce the necessary conditions. Research finding represent four criterions to identify mental images in collective memory in urban spaces, pleasantness, exciting, anxious and boring are effective in evaluating the quality of space. To create event-oriented spaces at the city level, it is important to identify the relationship of mental images with psychological and sociological criteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - Using The Gray Wolf Optimization Algorithm for Community Detection
Maliheh Ghasemzadeh Mohammad Amin GhasemzadehIn today's world, networks play a very important role in people's lives. One of the important issues related to networks is the issue of detecting communities. These communities are also called groups and clusters. Communities include nodes that are closely related to e MoreIn today's world, networks play a very important role in people's lives. One of the important issues related to networks is the issue of detecting communities. These communities are also called groups and clusters. Communities include nodes that are closely related to each other. Most of the nodes that are members of a community have common properties. In social networks, it is important to detect the community in order to analyze the network and it is a very important tool to understand the information of the network and its structure. Studying community detection has garnered significant interest in last few years, leading to the development of numerous algorithms in this area. this research, we used the gray wolf meta-heuristic algorithm and improved it with operators such as mutation, combination, and local search, and also improved the final solution of the gray wolf algorithm with the label propagation algorithm to detect communities. Experiments showed that the proposed method has high accuracy and also due to the applied techniques, the problem converges to the best solution very quickly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
166 - Presenting a Causal Model for Promoting Community Resilience with the Approach of Theme Analysis and Structural-Interpretive Modeling in Tabriz Metropolis
saeid barzegar Yaghoub Alavi Matin alireza bafandah morteza mahmodzadehOne of the important issues that can be seen in most resilience methodologies is the relatively weak integration of resilience criteria in terms of physical infrastructure with social and economic systems. Based on this, the purpose of this article was to present a caus MoreOne of the important issues that can be seen in most resilience methodologies is the relatively weak integration of resilience criteria in terms of physical infrastructure with social and economic systems. Based on this, the purpose of this article was to present a causal model of improving community resilience with the approach of theme analysis and structural-interpretive modeling in Tabriz metropolis. This research is applied-developmental from the point of view of the goal and it is considered to be exploratory from the point of view of the method of doing the work. The statistical population of this research is divided into two groups, including the group of experts and all the citizens of Tabriz city. Based on theoretical saturation, 12 experts have been used. Also, due to the unlimited statistical population of citizens, the number of samples has been determined based on the unlimited population of 384 people. To collect data, two questionnaires were used, which were distributed among the members of the statistical sample of the research after determining the validity and reliability. In order to analyze the data, theme analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural-interpretive modeling were used. The findings of the research in the theme analysis section show that the components of the causal model of improving community resilience in Tabriz metropolis are classified into eight main themes and thirty-three sub-themes. Also, the model fit values of the confirmatory models and their factor loadings indicate the appropriateness of sub-themes classification based on the main themes and the confirmation of the main themes based on the sample data. The results of structural-interpretive modeling also show that economic factors are the most influential component of the model of resilience promotion and learning capacity, the most influential component of the model of resilience promotion in Tabriz metropolis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - Sociological Study of the Effect of Feeling of Discrimination on the Social Trust of Religious Minorities (Case Study: Zoroastrians Living in Tehran)
Seyedeh Hakimeh Hashemi Raza Salehiamiri shahla Kazemipour Sabet Maysam Musai Ali Baghaei SarabiTrust is the basic preconditions for economic, social, cultural and political development of any society causes and Iranian society is a religiously diverse society and the social structure in Iran is with the phenomenon of ethnic, religious and religious pluralism. The MoreTrust is the basic preconditions for economic, social, cultural and political development of any society causes and Iranian society is a religiously diverse society and the social structure in Iran is with the phenomenon of ethnic, religious and religious pluralism. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is a sociological study of the effect of social discrimination on social trust in the Zoroastrian community in Tehran. In the present study, the theories of Putnam, Giddens, Coleman, Sztompka, Offe, Rogers and Uslaner have been selected as the theoretical framework of the research. The research method in this research is survey, multi-stage cluster sampling and data collection tool is a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consists of all Zoroastrians living in Tehran, which according to the statistics of the Zoroastrian Association of Tehran is about seven thousand people and the sample size using the Cochran's formula is equal to 191, which was collected 210 questionnaires to be more reliable. The results show that 20/9% of the respondents have a low level, 52/4% have a moderate level and 26/7% have a high level of social trust. Also, findings show that in the Zoroastrian community of Tehran, the individual characteristics of the respondents did not affect their social trust; but the variables of socio-economic status and feeling of discrimination have affected the level of social trust of Zoroastrians. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - Pathology of Media Literacy Consumption among Different Strata of Society: The Case Study of Hormozgan Province
mokhtar zakeri mahmoud sabahi zadeThe purpose of this study is the pathology of media literacy consumption among different strata of society in Hormozgan. Qualitative research method and research community includes different strata of Minab city. The results show that media literacy injuries include fiv MoreThe purpose of this study is the pathology of media literacy consumption among different strata of society in Hormozgan. Qualitative research method and research community includes different strata of Minab city. The results show that media literacy injuries include five categories of mental-ideological injuries, financial injuries, psychological injuries, social injuries and moral injuries. Among these, the categories of mental-ideological injuries, social injuries and moral injuries have the highest frequency and prominence, and financial injuries and psychological injuries are in the next degrees. Six categories of weakness in communication infrastructure, foreign media propaganda, weakness in human relations in society, lack of knowledge, weakness in the field of planning and monitoring of communication organs and media addiction are the causes of media literacy harms. Among these, the components of foreign dissident media advertising and lack of knowledge have the highest frequency and other components are in the next ranks. The four categories of promoting media knowledge, promoting face-to-face human relations at the community level, managing cyberspace and strengthening the motivation to support and use internal cyberspace are ways to prevent the harms of media literacy. The components of promoting media knowledge and cyberspace management are the most prominent among them, and the categories of promoting face-to-face human relations at the community level and strengthening the motivation to support and use cyberspace are of paramount importance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - The Effect of Ethical Development in Sport on Promoting Ethical Values
mitra safari hasan fahimdovin hosein peymanizad mohammad kashtidarThe dimming of ethics in all aspects of the great community of sport has become a challenge. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of the development of ethics in academic sport on the promotion of ethical values in the sports community of the count MoreThe dimming of ethics in all aspects of the great community of sport has become a challenge. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of the development of ethics in academic sport on the promotion of ethical values in the sports community of the country. The purpose of this research is to apply the type of research in terms of the type of data search (quantitative and qualitative), and in terms of data analysis, a descriptive-correlational type and time domain of the research are of a contemporary type. Field data was collected. The statistical population of the study consisted of all sports experts in the country that were selected randomly using the Morgan table formula. Data collection was done using a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 54 phrases in four components. For analyzing the data, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics methods were used with SPSS 21 software. The findings indicated that effective factors affecting the development of ethics in academic sport affecting the promotion of ethical values in the sports community of the country are influential factors of individual-behavioral, subjective, organizational and supra-organizational. According to the average rankings, the ranking of the factors affecting the development of ethics in academic sport showed that the highest rank is in terms of dimensions of individual-behavioral factors, underlying factors, organizational factors, and trans-organization factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - Future studies with an emphasis on civil society in Iran layered analysis of causes CLA
zahra masoud احمد ساعیCivil society is an issue that has attracted the attention of many thinkers and Various scientific fields such as law, political science, management, sociology, etc. encompasses.. The concept of civil society in the development of modernist discourse is a special place MoreCivil society is an issue that has attracted the attention of many thinkers and Various scientific fields such as law, political science, management, sociology, etc. encompasses.. The concept of civil society in the development of modernist discourse is a special place to review the theories of political development after the Second World War show The development and formation of civil society and political development, in fact, one of the basic conditions is a precondition for the fulfillment of all other conditions . Background Of formation of civil society in Iran has been facing many difficulties. Due to the changes that are driving this trend continues and there is not possible in this area. The purpose of the implementation of the method (CLA) that it has designed Sohail Inayatullah This is done by analyzing the causes layered, deconstructs social phenomena and And to achieve deep understanding of the underlying layers of problems, to a deeper understanding of the subject there. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
171 - A comparative study of the discourse of peace among human and religious schools (Case Study of Islam and communitarians)
nilofar chinichian Malek Yahya salahiReview : One of the pivotal issues in the political context is the establishment of peace and the way to achieve it. In fact, concepts such as justice, friendship, discourse, balance, tolerance, and peace are about to emerge. Religions always believe that there is a pea MoreReview : One of the pivotal issues in the political context is the establishment of peace and the way to achieve it. In fact, concepts such as justice, friendship, discourse, balance, tolerance, and peace are about to emerge. Religions always believe that there is a peace between the ends of human life and the way to the perfection of human life. On the other hand, we are confronted with the history of the thought of human schools and in the views of great philosophers such as Plato, Aristotle, Locke, Kant, Rolls, etc. With themes such as peace as justice, lasting peace, democratic peace. In the contemporary world, with the growth and spread of violence, extremism, Islamophobia, the indifference of the need for a peace dialogue between contemporary schools and villages is essential. One of the most important contemporary intellectual currents of thought is congregationalism. The theoretical framework of congregationalism, due to having such teachings as politics as virtue, the priority of goodness to the right, respect for the cultural diversity and value of societies, the denial of profitability, introduces new definitions of peace and justice. It seems that the theoretical foundations of congregations are partly based on the theoretical foundations of Islam and can be based on dialogue and understanding. In this paper, descriptive-analytic method is used to investigate and analyze and analyze the research information. It is also based on the Quintana Skinner (text-authoring) hermeneutics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
172 - Presenting a suitable model for the provision of housing for the martyr community from the perspective of housing sustainability indicators - a case study of the Nasirshahr Project of the Martyr Foundation and the Affairs of the Martyrs
Mohsen Ghasempour Shalmani Hossein Dehghani podeh Rahim SarvarHousing as a shelter for residents' immunity, peace, health and vitality is the best way of investment and an integral element of the people's economy, which causes family stability and solidarity, reducing problems such as delinquency, divorce, social disintegration, s MoreHousing as a shelter for residents' immunity, peace, health and vitality is the best way of investment and an integral element of the people's economy, which causes family stability and solidarity, reducing problems such as delinquency, divorce, social disintegration, street sleeping, slum living and begging. So much so that the right to have a suitable housing is included as part of the right to standard of living in many international human rights documents. The increasing growth of urbanization has created new and special problems in people's lives and relationships. One of the major problems is housing. The cities of the developing countries are facing unfavorable conditions from the point of view of urban planning, so that Hall and Pfeifer describe its perspective by posing a question, whether in the cities of the developing world, approaches of Urban planning was achieved and through it there was hope to increase the income and improve the environmental conditions of all citizens? According to the presented materials, the general purpose of the research is to provide a suitable model of providing housing for the sacrifice society from the perspective of housing sustainability indicators (case study: Nasirshahr Project of the Martyrs Foundation and Affairs). The aspect of being new and innovative in the research in terms of providing a suitable housing supply model for the self-sacrificing society, which is a new discussion and strategy emphasized by the governor of the province, also in terms of the lack of specific research obstacles with this research method in terms of providing a housing supply model It is considered suitable for the self-sacrificing society as a new research and the special innovation is to provide a suitable model for providing housing for the self-sacrificing society at the level of the country Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
173 - The Effect of "Philosophy for Children" Program as Community of Inquiry on Improving Interpersonal Relationship of Primary School's Students
Mehrnoush Hedayati Yahya Gha’edi Abdollah Shafiabadi Gholamreza YounesiAbstract To investigate the effect of community of inquiry method on improvement of interpersonal relationship skills, based on Lipman’s theory, an experiment was conducted in Tehran primary schools among students of third, fourth and fifth grade. 190 boy and gir MoreAbstract To investigate the effect of community of inquiry method on improvement of interpersonal relationship skills, based on Lipman’s theory, an experiment was conducted in Tehran primary schools among students of third, fourth and fifth grade. 190 boy and girl students were randomly selected (97 boys, 93 girls) and assigned to experimental and control groups (88 experimental, 102 control). The experimental group was taught based on community of inquiry method for twelve 90-minute sessions. Cooper, Ardly & Asher questionnaire for students and Vir & Davin questionnaire for teachers were used as the instruments of the study for collecting data about interpersonal relationship skills. To examine the effect of treatment, the collected data were analyzed using various descriptive and inferential statistical techniques such as mean, standard of deviation, ANOVA, paired and independent T test. The comparison of pre-test's means of both experimental and control group didn't show any significant difference. But the results of pre-test and post-test of both experimental and control group indicate that the mean of post-test in experimental group is relatively more than that of pre-test in interpersonal relationship skills while the mean score of control group hasn't undertaken a significant difference in post-test. Moreover, the mean of experimental group in post-test is higher than that of control group in post-test. Besides, to investigate insolubility of implementation effect, again the students were rechecked after 4 months. The results have indicated the insolubility of effect. Therefore, this semi-experimental study has shown that implementing community of inquiry method has positively affected interpersonal relationship skills of the experimental group. The effect that remained unchanged for at least 4 months. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
174 - model of brand community online impact on brand performance and brand equity With emphasis on the role of social capital (Case Study: manufacturing company of Sony media products)
Narjes Ebadati Bagher Saroukhani Ali Akbar FarhangiAbstract The aim of this paper is to provide a model for brand community impact on brand performance and brand equity with moderator role of social capital in the media products producer organizations. The study population is Sony's society that is consisted of two grou MoreAbstract The aim of this paper is to provide a model for brand community impact on brand performance and brand equity with moderator role of social capital in the media products producer organizations. The study population is Sony's society that is consisted of two groups: online customers of Sony's brand and managers, marketers and sellers of Sony products. The sample size for two group in the absence of accurate statistics according to Cochran is 384 people that were selected by simple random sampling. Research tools are online brand community, brand performance and brand equity Inventory. To validate the assessment tool was used lisrel software and then The Cronbach's alpha was used to reability. Hypothesis tested by PLS structural software. The results showed a online brand community powerful influence on brand performance and brand equity also the results showed that online brand community impact the moderator role of social capital on brand performance and brand equity was confirmed.This study developed a unique model of a brand community impact process on brand performance and brand equity . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
175 - Relationship between personality of community-minded and narcissism with social health of young volleyball players in Tehran province
Abbas shabani Sepideh ShokriRelationship between personality of community-minded and narcissism with social health of young volleyball players in Tehran provinceRelationship between personality of community-minded and narcissism with social health of young volleyball players in Tehran province Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
176 - Investigating economic factors on women's social health
rangin negar karamzadehPublic health, including levels of social skills and social performance and the ability to recognize oneself as a member of a larger community .in our country , women are employed . Employed women who are trying to economically self-reliant and welfare . This study aime MorePublic health, including levels of social skills and social performance and the ability to recognize oneself as a member of a larger community .in our country , women are employed . Employed women who are trying to economically self-reliant and welfare . This study aimed to assess the socio -economic factors affecting the health of women employees of Tehran municipality and also offer ways to reduce or dissolve the problems they , have been done. The research method was descriptive and correlational analysis was conducted through a survey . The statistical This study included all women employees of Tehran municipality of over 400 people. According to the calculation in the formula , a sample size of 100 patients is obtained. In this study, the sampling interval is a systematic random sampling method . A questionnaire was used to gather information and . All of the above methods, spss be done through software . The findings from this study suggest that economic factors such as the probability of more than 99% of the employees are related to women's health . Manuscript profile
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