• List of Articles Potato

      • Open Access Article

        1 - The study of mini-tubers production potential in micro-tuber of different potato cultivars under greenhouse conditions
        Davood Hassan panah
        This research was conducted to evaluate mini-tubers production potential in micro-tuber different potato cultivars under greenhouse conditions in Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station during 2010. Micro-tubers less than 1g of eight potato cultivars More
        This research was conducted to evaluate mini-tubers production potential in micro-tuber different potato cultivars under greenhouse conditions in Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station during 2010. Micro-tubers less than 1g of eight potato cultivars (Satina, Caesar, Marfona, Luta, Agria, Markies, Hermes and Savalan) were cultured on completely randomized design with three replications. The micro-tubers were planted in Biolan and Punch bed planting to volume ratio of 1:1 in plastic as pots 10×10 cm. Analysis of variance for measured traits showed that potato cultivars in all of traits had significant difference. The maximum mini-tuber number per m2 belonged to Agria cultivar; mini-tuber weight per m2 and mini-tuber size average belonged to Savalan cultivar; mini-tuber number and weight higher than 10 g belonged to Savalan and Satina cultivars; mini-tuber number and weight between 7-10 g belonged to Agria and Satina cultivars. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - The effects of earthing up and barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer together with micronutrients foliar application on yield of potato
        النا عیوضلو
        To study the effects of earthing up and barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer together with Zn, Fe, Mn, Br, micronutrients foliar application on yield and yield components of potato, an experiment was conducted in Agricultural Research Center in Islamic Azad university of Ar More
        To study the effects of earthing up and barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer together with Zn, Fe, Mn, Br, micronutrients foliar application on yield and yield components of potato, an experiment was conducted in Agricultural Research Center in Islamic Azad university of Ardabil, Iran, in 2009. The experiment was carried out using factorial design based on Randomized Complete Block design with three replications in two factors: The first one in two levels (earthing up in one time and its repetition in two times) and second factor in six levels (Control, barvar-2-phosphate biofertilizer, barvar-2phosphate biofertilizer together with foliar application of Zinc Sulfat, barvar-2phosphate biofertilizer together foliar application of Iron Sulfat, barvar-2phosphate biofertilizer together with foliar application of Manganese Sulfat and barvar-2phosphate biofertilizer together with foliar application of Boric acid). The results showed that the effects of earthing up and fertilizer except the number of tuber per plant, on plant height, Number of main branches per plant, Number of leaf per plant, tuber weight mean and tuber yield in per unit area were significant. Maximum tuber yield per unit area was obtained from experimental treatment of earthing up in two times and barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer with foliar applications of Iron sulfat. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Water use efficiency and water productivity in potato genotypes under water stress conditions
        Marjan Samaee Ali Mohammad Modares Sanavi Ahmad Mousapour Gorji Eskandar Zand
        In order to identify sensitivity of different potato genotypes to water stress, a research was carried out as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Karaj in 2014 and 2015. Potato genotypes at eleven levels (Agria, Caesar More
        In order to identify sensitivity of different potato genotypes to water stress, a research was carried out as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Karaj in 2014 and 2015. Potato genotypes at eleven levels (Agria, Caesar, Savalan, Sante, Marfona, Milva, Picasso, Hermes, Jelli, 397081-1, 397069-2) and irrigation treatments in two levels (stress and control) are conducted. Tape irrigation was done normally and in the early stages of tuber production, watering for stress plots was disconnected and control plots were irrigated in a normal way, after reaching to ninety percent of the soil moisture deficit, irrigation was done again until the soil moisture reached field capacity and irrigation was done normally up to the end of growing season. Combined analysis of data for two years showed a reduction of biological yield, healthy tuber fresh weight, marketable healthy tuber fresh weight, LAIM, dry weight of LAIM, evapotranspiration and water usage in genotypes under the stress compared to the control. WP based on fresh weight of healthy tubers and fresh weight of marketable healthy tubers reduced or showed a tendency to reduction in most of genotypes under the stress. WUE based on the healthy tuber yield and marketable healthy tuber yield decreased under the water stress compared to the control in all genotypes except for 397069-2. The most amount of WP based on fresh weight of the marketable healthy yield was observed in 397069-2, respectively (5.41) and (5) kg/m3 in two years under the stress. Based on results of this experiment, doing of additional researches in order to achieve suitable potato genotypes for planting in actual deficit water conditions of our country according to diversity of planting season, place, climate, quality of seed potato, experts and etc. are recommended. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - The effect of irrigation regime and manure on water use efficiency and yield of potato in Jiroft
        Atefeh Afshar Ali Neshat GholamReza Afsharmanesh
        Considering the limited resources of water and dominant draughts, deficit irrigation is an important strategy to obtain the product in water shortage conditions. Deficit irrigation aims to produce more products from less water. Therefore, an experiment was con More
        Considering the limited resources of water and dominant draughts, deficit irrigation is an important strategy to obtain the product in water shortage conditions. Deficit irrigation aims to produce more products from less water. Therefore, an experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the impact of deficit water and poultries manure on the performance, performance components, and water use efficiency of potato in Jiroft. The experiment was conducted in strip-plot form in the complete random blocks design with three replications. Three water levels as a main factor including 100, 75 and 50 percent of plant water requirement and four manure levels as secondary factor including 0, 5, 10 and 15 Ton ha-1 were considered. The results indicated that different levels of irrigation and poultries manure on both water use efficiency and potato yield were (1%). Also, the impact of different levels of irrigation and the poultries manure on the weight of potato tuber is significant. Moreover, the interaction of the irrigation regime and poultries manure on water use efficiency and potato yield was not significant. Furthermore, the effect of different levels of irrigation and poultries manure alone on the plant height was not significant, but their interaction was significant. Though the effect of different irrigation levels on the percentage of dried material of tuber was not significant, the impact of different levels of poultries manure, and the interaction of irrigation regime and poultry manure on tuber dry matter was significant. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        5 - Optimization of water use efficiency and yield in potato using marginal analysis theory
        Parviz fathi Mohammad soltani
        Water scarcity is a widespread problem in arid and semi arid regions. In this condition, evaluating crop response to water stress and estimation of ET production function (ETPF) is essential. The objective of this study was to investigate the dynamic interrela More
        Water scarcity is a widespread problem in arid and semi arid regions. In this condition, evaluating crop response to water stress and estimation of ET production function (ETPF) is essential. The objective of this study was to investigate the dynamic interrelations of yield, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency of potato (Solanum Tuberosom L.) under trickle irrigation condition. This study was conducted in Dehgolan region of Kurdistan province in spring season of 1388. The experiment was arranged based on completely randomized block with 3 replication of water supply (60%, 80%, 100%, 120% of crop water requierment). In this study, evapotranspiration values and total yield of treatments were measured. To reveal the interrelations of yield, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency, two types of water production function including: Linear and Quadratic were used. The results showed that when the ETPF is linear, the EI will be numerically equal to the yield response factor (Ky), when ET reaches maximum ET (ETm). When ETPF was quadratic, the ET needed to maximize WUE is less than the ET for maximum yield (Ym). The results were also revealed that maximum yield was achieved at 345 mm of evapotranspiration and maximum water use efficiency (26.6 kg/m3) was achieved at 222 mm of evapotranspiration where 55.4 percent was less than the maximum evapotranspiration (ETm). However, the maximum yield was only 27.7 percent more than the yield in maximum water use efficiency. The interrelation of Y, ET and WUE are demonstrated that if water supply is limiting, seeking maximum water use efficiency may be desirable. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        6 - Use of Potato Waste for Pigments Production by Monascus purpureus in Submerged Cultivation
        F. Kamali M. Jahadi E. Khosravi N. Ghasemisepro
        10.30495/jftn.2022.65783.11184
        Introduction: Among the pigment-producing microorganisms, Monascus purpureus is important for controlling diabetes and preventing and reducing fat due to the production of red and orange pigments with therapeutic properties such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory. & More
        Introduction: Among the pigment-producing microorganisms, Monascus purpureus is important for controlling diabetes and preventing and reducing fat due to the production of red and orange pigments with therapeutic properties such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory.  Materials and Methods: In this study, the effect of replacement of potato starch waste (RPSW) (20-100%), sodium chloride (6-14 g) and thermal stress time of spore suspension (TST) (50-90 seconds) on the growth of M. purpureus and production of red and orange pigments at 30 ° C in submerge culture were studied by the central composite design at 95% confidence level. Results: The results showed that increasing the RPSW by up to 50% significantly reduced red and orange pigments and increased biomass production (p <0.05). On the other hand, increasing the TST of spore suspension to 73 seconds and increasing the amount of sodium chloride at the concentrations above 9 g / l significantly increased the production of biomass and red and orange pigments (p <0.05). At the two optimal point with the RPSW (20.3, 42.5) (%), TDT spore suspension (65, 81)(s) and concentration of sodium chloride (12, 6) (g/l) respectively, the biomass (g / l), red and orange pigments (OD/l) (5.24, 4.55 and 3.5) and (4.55, 4.37 and 5.4), respectively, were obtained.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that since the replacement of potato starch waste increased biomass production but reduced the production of red and orange pigments Monascus purpureus, its amount should be used optimally in culture to achieve the best productivity. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        7 - The Survey of Physico-Chemical and Sensory Properties of Sponge Cake Fortified with Potato Fiber
        P. Moradi M. Goli
        Introduction: Increasing the fiber content (despite the therapeutic effects and functionalproperties) in food can compensate for fiber deficiency in the diet. However excessiveconsumption can have adverse effects on the product's acceptability.Materials and Methods: The More
        Introduction: Increasing the fiber content (despite the therapeutic effects and functionalproperties) in food can compensate for fiber deficiency in the diet. However excessiveconsumption can have adverse effects on the product's acceptability.Materials and Methods: The effect of potato fiber to replace with bread flour at threedifferent concentrations (10, 20 and 30%) were investigated in preparing the sponge cake andcompared to the control sample. The chemical, physical and sensory characteristics of thesamples were enaluatrd on the first day of the preparation and the best formula was selected.The prepared samples were kept in the storage at room tempreture and moisture content,physical and sensory properties were mesured every ten days interval. The results andstatistical analysis of the cake were evaluated using SPSS software and mean values werecompared with the Duncan test at 95% probability level.Results: The resultes indicated that an increase in fiber resulted in significant increases inash, crude fiber, dietary fiber, cavity density, moisture content and darkness of the crust andcrumb in the cake. The hardness of the cake increased significantly while the cohesivenesssignificantly decreased (P <0.05). The cakes containing up to 10% added fiber had acceptablesensory properties and did not have significant differences with the control sample (P >0.05).Conclusions: The sample containing 10% potato fiber was the most accepted among thepanelist. According to the results of other tests, the addition of fiber up to 10% was acceptableand did not show significant differences with the control sample (P >0.05). Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        8 - Studying the Effects of Aqueous Safflower Extract as a Natural Colorant on Qualitative Parameters of Potato Chips During Storage
        M.J. Jani S. Rahimi S. Koohi Kamali
        Introduction: Color is one of the main parameters for food evaluation and marketing which can be improved by the application of natural colorants with known health effects. Materials and Methods: In this research, the addition of safflower aqueous extract as a natural c More
        Introduction: Color is one of the main parameters for food evaluation and marketing which can be improved by the application of natural colorants with known health effects. Materials and Methods: In this research, the addition of safflower aqueous extract as a natural colorant was studied to improve the qualitative parameters of potato chips. For this purpose, safflower aqueous extract was prepared at 0.5, 1 and 2% concentrations and were added to potato chips by immersion and spraying. Color, texture and sensory analysis were carried out at different time intervals of 0, 30 and 60 days of storage at ambient temperature. Results: The results showed that a* and b* increased and L* decreased as the safflower extract concentration increased while all color indices decreased during storage, significantly (p<0.05). According to the results of texture analysis, there was no significant difference between the hardness (brittleness) of control and immersion type specimens (p>0.05) during storage, while spraying method caused higher hardness as well as less brittleness in all the samples. Totally, the potato chips prepared by immersion gained the highest sensory scores (color, odor, taste, texture and overall acceptance). Conclusion: Potato chips prepared by immersion containing 2% of safflower extract was chosen as the best sample due to the highest b* (45.22±0.77), least hardness (highest brittleness) (4.63±0.37 N) and the most overall acceptance score (4.50±0.51) after 60 days and immersion method was more effective than the spraying for improving the color of potato chips. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        9 - Evaluation of β-amylase Activity of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas) Cultivated in Iran
        F. Hesam R. Taheri Tehrani G.R. Balali
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        10 - Evaluation of Acrylamide Contents of Potato Crisps Sold in Iranian Markets
        R. Saeidi Asl M. Iraji Far M. Fahimdanesh
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        11 - Investigation of environmental impacts of potato production using life cycle assessment
        Majid Dekamin EHSAN KHODAREZAEI
        10.30495/jest.2023.75041.5905
        Background and Objective: In recent years, the debate over the environmental sustainability of agricultural productions is increased widely. In this context, environmental impacts of potato production in the Hamadan province (the largest producer of potatoes in Iran) we More
        Background and Objective: In recent years, the debate over the environmental sustainability of agricultural productions is increased widely. In this context, environmental impacts of potato production in the Hamadan province (the largest producer of potatoes in Iran) were studied.Material and Methodology: In this research, life cycle assessment approach was used to identify and reduce environmental impacts. Data were collected by face to face interview with farmers in Nahavand (2020-2021). The CML IA method was selected to impact assessment. The environmental impact were assessed for impact categories including involved the global warming potential, depletion of fossil fuel resources potential, acidification potential, eutrophication potential and human toxicity potential. Producing one ton of potatoes was determined as a functional unit.Findings: The results showed that the production of one-ton potato consumes 1774.75 MJ energy. It emits 125.52 kg CO2eq, 5.04 kg SO2eq, 1.34 kg PO4eq, 69.4 kg 1,4-DBeq that respectively are involved the global warming potential, depletion of fossil fuel resources potential, acidification potential, eutrophication potential and human toxicity potential.Discussion and Conclusion: The analyses revealed that the production of chemical fertilizers and electricity had highest effects on global warming, depletion of fossil fuels and human toxicity. Also, direct emissions from the field because of nitrogen and phosphoric compound in fertilizers had highest effects on eutrophication and acidification. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        12 - Simulation of the Effect of Climate Change on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Potato (Solanum Tuberosum L.) in Ardabil
        Atousa Shafaroodi Abdolghayom Gholipouri Broumand Salahi
        10.30495/jest.2021.49801.4934
        Background and Objective: Climate change causes changes in rainfall patterns, temperatures and their amount, and these changes can affect plant performance. In this study, the efficiency of DSSAT model in simulating tuber yield and water use efficiency of potato plant u More
        Background and Objective: Climate change causes changes in rainfall patterns, temperatures and their amount, and these changes can affect plant performance. In this study, the efficiency of DSSAT model in simulating tuber yield and water use efficiency of potato plant under future climate change in different irrigation treatments and cultivar as an adaptation strategy was investigated.Material and Methodology: For this purpose, the precipitation data, minimum and maximum temperatures were produced using the LARS-WG5 statistical exponential micro-scale model (Long Ashton Research Station-Weather Generator) under the HadCM3 general circulation model. The A1B scenario was applied to future periods of 2011-‎‎2040, 2041-2070, 2071-2100 and the basic period 1988-2016. DSSAT model and SUBSTOR-Potato model were used to simulate potato growth and yield. Prior to use, field data collected from Ardebil, Iran that were calibrated and validated. Then the values of tuber yield and water use efficiency were simulated in future periods. Three irrigation treatments were used such as full irrigation (FI), 15% less than control (LI1) and 30% less than control treatment (LI2), with five potato cultivars Agria (the conventional cultivation of the area), Caeser, Savalan, clones 397081-1, and 397082-10 with 3 replications.Finding: According to the results, under the A1B scenario at the irrigation levels of FI and LI1, simulated values of tuber yield and water use efficiency showed the highest values for 2040 and 2070 compared to the basal period. It was also simulated by selecting Savalan cultivars, 397081-1, and 397082-10 the highest increase for tuber yield and water use efficiency values for 2040 and 2070 periods.Discussion and Conclusion: In following, The Less reduction in percentage of yield allowed the low irrigation (LI1) to replace the full irrigation (FI) treatment in future periods compared to the baseline period. Because of the importance of conserving and saving water resources in future climate ‎change periods, irrigation of 15% less than full irrigation is recommended for irrigation of potato ‎fields. The results of the simulation of water use efficiency can also emphasize the use of irrigation treatment 15% less than the control. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        13 - Samples Using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Method in Ghorveh Field
        Abdoreza Noferesti Sattar Shariati Taravat Nickpour
        Introduction: Regarding to the ground water pollution by Arsenic (As) in Ghorveh and Bijar field,contamination levels have been analyzed in irrigated plants (potato and carrot samples).Materials and Methods: Analyzes method have been by atomic absorption spectroscopy. T More
        Introduction: Regarding to the ground water pollution by Arsenic (As) in Ghorveh and Bijar field,contamination levels have been analyzed in irrigated plants (potato and carrot samples).Materials and Methods: Analyzes method have been by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Twentyfour potato samples (of the 12 potato plots) and 4 carrot samples (of the 2 carrot plots) picked up andAs contents were measured in skin and yield tissue separately. In potato of total 24 samples, 11samples had less than 10 μg As/kg, 9 samples had to10- 20 and 4 samples had As in the range of 20-25 μg As/kg.Skin-related Arsenic was higher than it in yield tissue. Of total skin samples: 17 samples had less than50 μg As/kg, 5 samples had As in the range of 50 t0 100 and the last 2 samples had As in the range of200-300 μg As/kg.All carrot samples showed As content less than 5 μg As/kg.Result and Discussion: (As) was high is some samples in skin of potato regarding to less transfer rateto eatable section, quantity will less with separate skin. In carrot, high quantity Arsenic ion is absorbedby roots because it has vast roots and transport in skin and Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        14 - Estimation for potato products water requirement in Torbat Heidariyah region and determining the actual Evapotranspiration based on the reference Evapotranspiration
        Gholamabas Fallahgh ghalhari Mohammad baaghideh Hasan Rezaei
        Potato is a tuberous product with important value in food supply for world and because of high efficiency per surface unit; it has higher energy and protein per surface unit than wheat and rice. In order to increase the plantation of potato prevention of water waste is More
        Potato is a tuberous product with important value in food supply for world and because of high efficiency per surface unit; it has higher energy and protein per surface unit than wheat and rice. In order to increase the plantation of potato prevention of water waste is essential. One effective way to the purpose of this investigation is a well programmed irrigation protocol which is achievable an exact estimation of the need of the plants for Water requirement. The applicable equation to estimate Evapotranspiration does not use the same climate parameters and due to the practical entity of this process they are not applicable for all climate conditions. Thereby, there has to be a suitable equation to be used in each region. To reach this goal, in this study, by the aid of data collected from Torbat Heidariyah weather station, the amount of real Evapotranspiration has been calculated using correlation coefficient and compared with the reference Evapotranspiration (F-P-M).The results show that the amount of Evapotranspiration is 2/63 times more than the mean precipitation in growing season. It means that the plants have been using their moisture storage to accomplish their Evapotranspiration. In order to replenish the moist content in plants irrigation is essential. Using the Cropwat method, potato need for water supply was estimated 803/1mm from the beginning of implantation to the end of harvesting and the estimation of the amount of water to supply this need is equal to 741/9mm. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        15 - Evaluation of morphological and biochemical traits in seedlings of four early and late potato cultivars in vitro
        Farah Farahani Maliha Talebi Taher Barzegar
        Objective: Considering the importance of potato in the economy and human nutrition, the need to produce healthy seeds through tissue culture in order to increase the quality of the tuber and ultimately maintain the yield of the product is noticeable. In this regard, the More
        Objective: Considering the importance of potato in the economy and human nutrition, the need to produce healthy seeds through tissue culture in order to increase the quality of the tuber and ultimately maintain the yield of the product is noticeable. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the morphological and biochemical traits in the seedlings of four early and late potato cultivars under in vitro conditions.Materials and methods: Four commercial varieties of potato were cultivated as single-node microspecimens in MS culture medium without any plant growth regulators. Seedlings grew after 5 weeks. Seedlings were evaluated in terms of morphological traits (number of seedlings produced from one seedling, stem length, number of branches, nodes, roots and micro-gland) as well as biochemical traits (chlorophyll a, b, carotenoid, anthocyanin, catalase enzyme activity and polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity).Findings: In morphological traits, late cultivar Satina, number of seedlings and stem length, and early cultivar Sante showed more roots than other cultivars. In the study of biochemical traits, the late cultivar Agria was superior to other cultivars in terms of the amount of pigments and catalase enzyme.Conclusion: In the same vegetative conditions, different cultivars have different potential in vegetative and biochemical traits. The growth pattern of different genotypes is determined by the synthesis of food and different levels of internal hormones and the balance between them, and as a result, they give different responses to the conditions of the culture environment. The present study showed that in the same vegetative conditions, the early cultivars of Satina in terms of vegetative traits and Agria in terms of the amount of pigments can be selected for mass cultivation. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        16 - The Effect of Rimsulfuron and Metribuzin Mixture on Weed Control and Antioxidant Enzyme of Potato
        sanaz hanifezade erdi mohammad tagi alebrahim fakhari rasoul
        In order to evaluate mixture of rimsulfuron (Titus) and metribuzin (Sencor) herbicides on weed control, yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) a factorial experiment conducted on the base of Randomized Complete Block Design in 3 replications and use of Agria cultivar of More
        In order to evaluate mixture of rimsulfuron (Titus) and metribuzin (Sencor) herbicides on weed control, yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) a factorial experiment conducted on the base of Randomized Complete Block Design in 3 replications and use of Agria cultivar of potato in Research Field of Mohaghegh Ardabili University at 2016. The treatments consist of rimsulfuron herbicide in 0, 12.5, 25, 37.5 and 50 gr ai/ha and metribuzin in 0, 153.25, 306.50, 459.75 and 613 gr ai/ha for 5 herbicide mixture percentage (as: 0:613, 12.5:459.75, 25:306.50, 37.5:153.25 and 50:0) and the second factor was different time of application of this herbicides include (pre-plant and potato emergence). In order to results of experiment, use of rimsulfuron + metribuzin herbicide mixture improved the efficacy of each one of herbicides in weed control by means of lowering weed density. The results of stem yield and total yield of potato tuber showed that use of 306.50 gr ai/ha metribuzin + 25 gr ai/ha rimsulfuron in emergence stage induced 10.53% and 61.83% yield of stem and total yield in comparison to weedy. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        17 - Study of the Soil Characteristics and Utilization History of Metribuzin Used in Potato Fields on its Efficiency to Control of Redroot Pigweed (Amaranth retroflexus L.)
        Marjan Diyanat Seyyed Esmaeil Mofidi Mohammad Kazem Ramezani
        Metribuzin is one of the most common herbicides used in potato cultivation. This experiment was conducted to study the effect of soil characterstics and utilization history of metribuzin on its efficiency to redroot pigweed control as factorial on the base of randomized More
        Metribuzin is one of the most common herbicides used in potato cultivation. This experiment was conducted to study the effect of soil characterstics and utilization history of metribuzin on its efficiency to redroot pigweed control as factorial on the base of randomized complete blocks design with three replications at Institue of Plant Protection in 2012. First factor was soil type in six levels (Hamedan with 15 years and without utilization history, Jiroft with 15 years and without utilization history, Isfahan with 2 years utilization history and Mashhad with 3 years utilization history) and second factor was different concentrations of metribuzin (0, 100, 300, 700, 1000 and 1500 g ai ha-1). Before cultivating redroot pigweed seed, the pots with mentioned soils were treated with metribuzin and harvesting was done four weeks after cultivating. Then, length and dry weight of shoot and root were measured and dose-response curves were drawn. The highest and lowest damage to redroot pigweed was observed in soils of Jiroft without utilization history and Hamedan with 15 years utilization history, respectively. In Jiroft soil with 15 years utilization history, shoot dry weight reductions were 15, 29, 45, 46 and 56 percent at concentrations of 0.1, 0.3, 0.7, 1 and 1.5 kg ai ha-1 of metribuzin, while in Hamedan soil with 15 years utilization history shoot dry weight reductions in the mentioned concentrations of metribuzin were 6, 11, 25, 31 and 36 percent, respectively. Results showed in different soils, increasing the concentration of herbicide resulted in a more favorable control of redroot, but increasing the amount of clay and organic matter, as well as increasing the history of consumption, affected the severity of the effects of metribuzin residues. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        18 - Effect of feeding potato waste powder processed with multi-enzyme on growth and blood and intestinal parameters of broilers
        Ali Ebadi Bahman Navidshad Hossein Mohebodini Farzad MIrzaei Aghjegheshlagh
        Introduction and Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of potato waste on growth performance and carcass traits of broiler chickens. Material and Methods: The study carried out in a completely randomized design with five treatments, four replic More
        Introduction and Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of potato waste on growth performance and carcass traits of broiler chickens. Material and Methods: The study carried out in a completely randomized design with five treatments, four replications, 14 broiler chicks each. The experimental diets were consisted of three levels of potato wastes (0, 15 and 25%) and two levels of multi-enzyme (0 and 0.2%). Results: Feed intake was not affected by the type of experimental diet during the growth period, the final period and the whole rearing period. Daily weight gain was not significantly different between the experimental groups but at the end of the experiment and the control group was better than other treatments. Growth conversion factor was lower in the potato-treated groups than in the control group. In the final period, the feed conversion ratio in the control group was significantly lower than the other experimental groups and this was also observed throughout the rearing period. It had no effect on carcass percentage, and relative weights of pancreas, liver, bursa Fabricius, spleen and heart. The ratio of intestinal length to live weight in birds fed 25% of potato lesions was higher than other groups. Potato lesions in the diet increased the relative weight of the gizzard and decreased abdominal fat compared to the control group (P<0.05). Canclusion: According to the results of this study, the use of potato plus enzyme in relation to different levels of non-enzyme potato wastes had a positive effect on HDL cholesterol, intestinal morphometery and body weight gain in broilers. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        19 - Effect of common pesticides on sweet potato whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hem.: Aleyrodidae) in fall cucumber at Ahwaz
        Mona Omidbakhsh Gholam reza Gesmi Farhan Kocheili
        Bemisia tabaci Gennadiuswas introduced over one hundred years ago and has seriously damaged the farming and non-farming products in the tropical regions. Many biological factors including host widespread range, being multi-generations, high productive rate, ability to t More
        Bemisia tabaci Gennadiuswas introduced over one hundred years ago and has seriously damaged the farming and non-farming products in the tropical regions. Many biological factors including host widespread range, being multi-generations, high productive rate, ability to transmission of the plant viruses and developing resistant to insecticides have been created many problems for managing this whitefly. In this research the effect of five insecticides .i.e. Pyriproxyfen, Imidaclopride, Pymetrozine, Fenpropathrin and Buprofezin on B.tabaci have been studied in order to determine the least most effective insecticide.  By using leaf sampling, three leaves were chosen from upper, middle and lower parts of three shrubs. Totally nine leaves were selected from each plot randomly and the mature insects of pest lodging under leaves were counted. In order to count nymphs and puparium, the leaf pests were separated from stems and counted under a Binocolar. Subsequently, the obtained data were statistically analyzed and grouped at levels of %1 and %5. The results showed that none of the 10 treatments has an acceptable impact on nymph and puparium population. However, in adult pest insects the treatments Pyriproxyfen (Ec 10%)  750 cc/ha, Imidaclopride (SC35%) 750 cc/ha, Pymetrozine (WG25%) 1 kg/ha, Pymetrozine (WG25%) 1.25 kg/ha have had far superior results compared to the control group. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        20 - Morphological and Molecular Investigation of Ditylenchus destructor nematode from Isfahan Province
        Tahereh Shakibafard Majid Olia Masoud Bahar Hadi KarimipourFard
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        21 - Susceptibility assessment of potato cultivars to Fusarium wilts
        Mehdi Nasresfahani Rasoul Sharifi Narges Nasrollahi Shima Ramezani
        Fusarium wilt (Fusariumoxysporumf.sp. tuberose) is a major disease of potato, causing considerable damage and losses. The sources of genetically resistant are the best method of controlling the disease. In this study, the reactions of 18 potato cultivars wereassessed to More
        Fusarium wilt (Fusariumoxysporumf.sp. tuberose) is a major disease of potato, causing considerable damage and losses. The sources of genetically resistant are the best method of controlling the disease. In this study, the reactions of 18 potato cultivars wereassessed to F. o f.sp. tuberosiin a factorial design with four replicates, in the greenhouse.Plants were inoculated (15 cm height) twice with three isolates of the pathogen by root inoculation (100 ml of 4×105 spore/ ml).Tento thirty days after inoculation cultivars were evaluated according to the symptoms disease index, the lengths of necrosis in vascular tissues, stem height and roots lengthsThere was a significant difference between parameters(P= 0.01). Necrosis lengths had maximum correlation in vascular tissues (r = 0.86), then root lengths(r = 0.75), symptom disease index scale (r = 0.73), and stem heights(r = 0.69). There was a significant difference between cultivars(P= 0.01). According to lengths of necrosis in vascular tissues cultivars divided in five groups, Gorican, Tiuva, Diamont, Marfona, Baraka,Aola and Moren were very susceptible and Olva, Folva and Alva were tolerant.  Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        22 - Identification and Separation of Potato soft rot with Morphological, Biochemical and Molecular Methods from Isfahan Province
        tahereh shakibafard Masoud Bahar Majid Olia Hadi KarimipourFard
        Potato soft rot is a common and important disease on potatoes. Fifteen pectolytic bacteria with green metallic colonies on EMB medium were isolated from the tubers showing surface cracking and soft rot symptoms, simultaneously. All the isolates grew at 37 ˚C, no starch More
        Potato soft rot is a common and important disease on potatoes. Fifteen pectolytic bacteria with green metallic colonies on EMB medium were isolated from the tubers showing surface cracking and soft rot symptoms, simultaneously. All the isolates grew at 37 ˚C, no starch digestion, they were not sensitive to erythromycin and negative for phosphatase. They could not use sugars of Xylose, Trehalose, α-methyl D-glycoside and Malonate, while they were able to use Inositol, Rhamnose and Arabitol sugars. Based on These characteristics the isolates recognized as P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. The isolates were further identified by PCR amplification with primer G1/L1 which produces two bands similar to those produced in P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, but not from P. carotovorum subsp. atrosepticum and Dickeya chrysanthemi. Digestion of the amplified PCR product with restriction enzyme Rsa I resulted in identical 385 bp, 280bp and 180 bp bands formation as described for P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. The results of physiological, pathogenicity, biochemical and molecular tests, confirmed that all bacterial isolates induced soft rot symptoms in potato tubers are P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        23 - Studies on fungistatic effects of some fungicides on growth of Alternaria alternata and A. solani
        Mehdi Nasr Esfahani Sahereh Naderpour Neda Rafizadeh
        Early blight is an important and ubiquitous disease which attacks many herbaceous plants Specially Solanaceae family. Already this disease threaten the potato fields In Iran. The experiments were conducted in order to study the effects of rovral, Chlrotalonil, Mancozeb More
        Early blight is an important and ubiquitous disease which attacks many herbaceous plants Specially Solanaceae family. Already this disease threaten the potato fields In Iran. The experiments were conducted in order to study the effects of rovral, Chlrotalonil, Mancozeb fungicides in 1 ppm against flint in 1, 2, 5, 10 ppm on different culture media, including PDA and CMA for two species Alternaria alternata & Alternaria solani. The result indicated that, all of tested fungicides could prevent the growth of two species with the various levels, as far as the growth rates are concerned. Also flint fungicide in various concentrations, 1,2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 ppm indicated that it could effectively inhibit the growth of two fungal species, as the dosages are increased, indicating the reductions in the growth correspondingly. The highest inhibitions were flint 500 and 1000 ppm and the lowest in flint 1 ppm. This fungicides had a very significant effects on the sporulation of A. alternate, indicated that, with the increased in fungicides concentrations, the sporogenesis decreased, in which the highest sporulation was in Mancozeb treatment and the lowest was in flint with 1000 ppm Also, the results indicated, that the fungicides had effective reductions on the dry and wet mycelial growth weights on zapeks culture media, where the highest wet weights were observed in Mancozeb fungicide, and the lowest was in flint, 1000 ppm. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        24 - Investigation of antixenosis resistance of 33 potato cultivars to the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Col.: Chrysomelidae)
        Akbar Ghasemi Kahrizeh Ghadir Nourighanbalani Nouraddin Shayesteh Iraj Bernousi
        The Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), is a serious pest of potato, Solanum tuberosum L. worldwidely. One of the methods used for controlling of it is deployment of resistant cultivars. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the antixenosis r More
        The Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), is a serious pest of potato, Solanum tuberosum L. worldwidely. One of the methods used for controlling of it is deployment of resistant cultivars. Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the antixenosis resistance in 33 potato cultivars to this pest during 2007 - 2009. Research method in 2007 was similar to 2008 and was different from 2009. In a field choice test, the numbers of attracted beetles to the cultivars were determined as antixenosis index. Numbers of attracted beetles to the cultivars and numbers of egg masses on them were used as antixenosis indices during 2009. Cluster analysis of cultivars was performed with MINITAB15 statistical software using UPGMA procedure based on Euclidean distance. Combined analysis of variance of choice test data in 2007 and 2008 showed that with point of settled adult beetles on the studied cultivars, significant difference was observed between experimental years, blocks, times of counting, cultivars and reciprocal effect of cultivar × year          (P < 0.0001). Mean comparison showed that cultivars Bright, Delikat, Nicola, Sinja, Carlita and Cardinal in 2007 and Cardinal, Carlita, Sinja, Elles and Romina in 2008 had the highest antixenosis resistance with the least settled adult beetles on them. Cluster analysis showed that in two first years, cultivars Cardinal, Carlita, Sinja, Bright, Raja, Nicola, Romina, Santana, Elles, Fianna and Satina with the least attracted beetles were resistance group in antixenosis index. Also, cluster analysis based on the number of attracted beetles to the cultivars and number of egg masses on the cultivars showed that cultivars Bridjet, Baltica, Cardinal, Nicola, Raja, Bright, Delikat, Carlita, Provento, Cosima, Armada, Elles and Beluga were placed in one group and had the highest antixenosis effects compared to others cultivars in 2009. Mean comparison showed that cultivars Cardinal, Carlita and Bridjet had the highest antixenosis resistance with the least settled adult beetles on them in three experimental years. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        25 - Comparison of cultural and chemical measures of controls on Rhizoctonia disease of potato
        Mehdi Nasr Esfahani
        Rhizoctonia canker, also known as stem canker and black scurf of potato, Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, causing serious economic losses by canker on under ground stem, roots, stolens, blanding of tubers and black scurf on potato surfacee in Isfahan. In this manscript, the eff More
        Rhizoctonia canker, also known as stem canker and black scurf of potato, Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, causing serious economic losses by canker on under ground stem, roots, stolens, blanding of tubers and black scurf on potato surfacee in Isfahan. In this manscript, the effects of green chitting and or disinfection of potato seed tubers and soil were considered on this disease in the fields. The laboratory trails on R. solani isolates indicated that, almost all the sclerotinia are pathogenic. The seed tubers of four potato cultivars were selected and kept under room temperature along with normal light and high humidity for two months. Then, they were sown in the highly infested soil to the disease. The results indicated that the green chittings reduced Rhizoctonia stem canker severity effectively. In comparison to the above experiments, the fungicide screening, Rovral in the form of seed, soil and simultaneous seed and soil applications were carried out in the same fields. The results showed that the stem canker severity was reduced effectively compared to chittings and that of control. Increased growth response was observed in only green chitted potato seed tubers compared to other treatments.  Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        26 - Persistance of Metribuzin in Soils with Different Characteristics and Utilization History and Their Effects on Cultivated Oat (Avena sativa L.)
        Seyyed Esmaeil Mofidi Mohammad Kazem Ramezani Marjan Diyanat
        This experiment was conducted to study the effect of metribuzin on cultivated oat in soils with different characteristics and utilization history as factorial on the base of randomized complete block design with three replications in Institue of Plant Protection in 2012 More
        This experiment was conducted to study the effect of metribuzin on cultivated oat in soils with different characteristics and utilization history as factorial on the base of randomized complete block design with three replications in Institue of Plant Protection in 2012. First factor was soil type in six levels (Hamedan with 15 years and without utilization history, Jiroft with 15 years and without utilization history, Isfahan with 2 years utilization hisrory and Mashhadwith 3 years utilization history) and second factor was different amounts of metribuzin in six levels (0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.7, 1 and 1.5 kg/ha). Three months before cultivating, the pots with mentioned soils were treated with metribuzin and were irrigated every three days. Then oat seeds was cultivated in pots and harvested after four weeks. Shoot length, root lenght, shoot wet weight and root wet weight was measured and dose- response curves were drawn. According to results, more oats were burned due to increase of herbicide amounts, but the effects of metribuzin residue were decreased by increase of amounts of clay, organic matter and utilization history. The highest and lowest phytotoxicity was observed in soils of Jiroft without utilization history and Hamedan with 15 years utilization history, respectively. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        27 - Biology of potato tuber moth, Phthorimea operculella Zeller (Lep.: Gelechidae), on two potato cultivars
        M. Shahabi A. Rajabpour
        Potato tuber moth, Phthorimea operculella, is one of the most important pests of potato in Iran. Biology of the pest on two commercial potato cultivars, Sante and Arinda, was studied in Andimeshk, north of Khuzestan province, Iran. Samplings were weekly performed from t More
        Potato tuber moth, Phthorimea operculella, is one of the most important pests of potato in Iran. Biology of the pest on two commercial potato cultivars, Sante and Arinda, was studied in Andimeshk, north of Khuzestan province, Iran. Samplings were weekly performed from two separate fields cultivated by two cultivars during two agricultural seasons (2013-2015).  Adults and immatures monitoring were done by using sex pheromone trap and direct count respectively. Results showed that adults occurred with two months difference in the first and second agricultural seasons which is related to different means temperature in the two studied seasons. Significant correlation was observed between adult densities and weekly means temperature. First adults appeared on both cultivars in early February and December in the first and second agricultural seasons and peaked at the end of March, respectively. The peaks of egg number were observed at The end of March for the first and second agricultural seasons, respectively. First larvae were observed in early and mid of March in the first and second years.  Larvae peaked at The end of March and mid of April for the first and second years, respectively. No considerable difference was observed among occurrence, peak and activity time of the developmental stages of potato tuberworm on The two tested cultivars. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        28 - Effect of insect growth regulators on digestive system of Colorado potato beetle larvae, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Col., Chrysomelidae)
        H. Farazmand
        Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Col., Chrysomelidae) is one of the most important pests of potato in potato-producing countries. Considering the evolution of insecticide resistance in this insect, the effects of three insect growth regulators (I More
        Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Col., Chrysomelidae) is one of the most important pests of potato in potato-producing countries. Considering the evolution of insecticide resistance in this insect, the effects of three insect growth regulators (IGRs), including Diflobenzeron, Precocene I and Precocene II, on the alimentary canal of L. decemlineata larvae were examined. For this purpose, the effect of the mentioned IGRs on the larvae of L. decemlineata was tested using oral and topical methods. The results showed abnormalities in cuticular structure of foregut and hindgut of Diflobenzeron-treated larvae, such as formation of gaps between endocuticular layers. Most of the abnormalities happened in epithelium cells of midgut, which caused malfunction and degeneration of such cells. Precocene-treated larvae showed abnormalities in midgut, such as epithelial deformations, formation of gaps between epithelium and basement membrane, and degeneration of microvilli. In addition, Precocenes caused abnormalities in cuticular structure of foregut and hindgut. Finally, IGR-treated larvae appeared smaller and slower in growth compared to control larvae. This is most probably due to the abnormalities of epithelial cells of alimentary canal and the resulted disabilities in digestive and absorptive functions. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        29 - The effect of essential oils and powders of the three plant species Zattaria multiflora, Myrtus comminus and Heracleum persicum on rate of oviposition of potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella )Lep: Gelechiidae(
        Z. Faraji M. H. Serailoo L. Salehi
        Preventing the potato tuber moth from egg laying, an important pest of stored tubers is a safe method to reduce its economic damage. In this research, the effects of essential oils and powders of three plant species Zattaria mmultiflora, Myrtus comminus and Heracleum pe More
        Preventing the potato tuber moth from egg laying, an important pest of stored tubers is a safe method to reduce its economic damage. In this research, the effects of essential oils and powders of three plant species Zattaria mmultiflora, Myrtus comminus and Heracleum persicum were investigated on egg laying of potato tuber moth in presence and absence of host plant. The result showed that essential oils and powders of  three plants reduced significanly the rate of the pests oviposition. The essential oils of three plants had the higher oviposition deterrency than their powder. The plant species Z. multiflora had the most decreasein number of eggs than others. Over all, the results showed that the essential oils and powder of above three plants can be used management programs of potato tuber moth. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        30 - Comparing the insecticidal effect of eucalyptus and thyme essential oils on potato aphid (Macrosiphom euphorbiae)
        Aboutaleb Ghafari Lobat Taghavi Aref Marouf Parviz Moradi
        Introduction: Herbal essential oils are known as suitable alternative for controlling pests due to low toxicity, fast decomposition and environment- friendly. This study aimed to examine the insecticidal effect of two herbal essential oils, i.e. Eucalyptus globulus and More
        Introduction: Herbal essential oils are known as suitable alternative for controlling pests due to low toxicity, fast decomposition and environment- friendly. This study aimed to examine the insecticidal effect of two herbal essential oils, i.e. Eucalyptus globulus and Iranian thyme (Zataria multiflora), on potato aphid. In the current study Material and Methods: Herbal essential oils were extracted by distillation with water using a clevenger device. The biometric experiments were performed on adult insects in 6 concentrations of eucalyptus, including 2000, 6000, 10000, 20000, 16000, 20000 ppm and in 6 concentrations of thyme, including 4000, 8000, 10000, 15000, 20000, 24000 ppm. The amount of losses in each experiment was counted during 24 hours after the experiment initiation. Results:According to the results of the probit data analysis, the values of LC50 and LC90 ​​for eucalyptus essential oil were 4699 and 37106 ppm, respectively, and for thyme essential oil, these values ​​were 11944 and 45620, respectively. In the present research, the highest fatality rates (loss percentage) for eucalyptus essential oil at a concentration of 20000 ppm and for thyme essential oil at a concentration of 24000 ppm were to 88.71% and 79.54%, respectively. conclusion:As the LD50 of eucalyptus and thyme essential oils were lower than the dosages of chemical insecticides and considering the phenomenon of resistance due to chemical insecticide, it seems that the herbal essential oils such as eucalyptus and thyme can be appropriate alternatives for chemical insecticides in the pest control program in the future.   Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        31 - Effect of potato modified starch on rheological, textural, physical and chemical properties of chicken blogona
        Mehri Dakhteh Harouni Alireza Rahman Mania Salehifar
        10.30495/qafj.2023.1987395.1077
        In this study, the effect of acetylated potato starch as a fat replacer on the rheological, textural and physsicochemical properties of chicken bologna were examined. As starch concentration increased and oil decreased, viscosity rose in sample modulus tests at differ More
        In this study, the effect of acetylated potato starch as a fat replacer on the rheological, textural and physsicochemical properties of chicken bologna were examined. As starch concentration increased and oil decreased, viscosity rose in sample modulus tests at different frequencies. Samples show pseudoplastic behavior based on viscosity changes with shear velocity. Increasing starch and reducing oil percentage in chicken sausage formula raised moisture and carbohydrate content while lowering sample pH. Study found adding more acetylated starch & reducing oil content in chicken sausage increased stiffness & chewing ability. Adding 2 wt% acetylated starch increased adhesiveness. However, increasing starch and reducing oil decreased adhesiveness, with no effect on cohesiveness and springiness. By increasing starch and decreasing oil, L* and b* decreased but a* increased. 4% starch sample had best color rating. No significant aroma difference observed among treatments. Control sample rated best for taste. The data revealed that decreased oil and increased modified starch lowered sensory score. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        32 - Investigating the Performance of Conventional Potato Planters in Jiroft and Kahnuj Regions
        Mohammad Reza Kamandar Farhad Khoshnam Moslem Namjoo
        10.30495/sarj.2021.1938667.1030
        Jiroft and Kahnuj, located south of Kerman province, are major areas of potato production in the Iran. According to the studies, in these areas semi-automatic horizontal rotating potato planter, automatic cup-chain potato planter and automatic cup-belt potato planter ar More
        Jiroft and Kahnuj, located south of Kerman province, are major areas of potato production in the Iran. According to the studies, in these areas semi-automatic horizontal rotating potato planter, automatic cup-chain potato planter and automatic cup-belt potato planter are used for mechanized potato cultivation. In this study, in order to evaluate the performance and determine the suitable planter in these areas, a factorial experiment with three types of conventional potato planters including two semi-automatic rows by horizontal rotating metering device, two-row automatic by cup-belt metering device and four-row automatic by cup-chain metering device. Three different values of 4, 5.5 and 7 km/h were considered for working speed. The results showed that the Semi-automatic potato planter and Cup-belt potato planter have the best operating indices such as feed quality and miss-planting index in the mentioned area and increasing the planter speed has harmful effects in feed quality and potato damaging. In most of the indices, the difference between the averages at speeds of 4 and 5.5 km/h was not significant and the speed of 5.5 km / h can be suggested as a suitable planting speed for all three workers in Jiroft and Kahnuj regions. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        33 - A Study on the Effect of Nano-Fertilizer Foliar and Cultivation Date on Growth and Yield of Potato Santeh Cultivar
        Amir Khodadadi Karkoki Mohammadreza Yavarzadeh Mohammadmehdi Akbarian Ali akbar Askari
        10.30495/sarj.2022.1956289.1069
        Given the growing population of the world, meeting the nutritional and medicinal needs of plant products is very important. It is very important to pay attention to the effects of cultivation date and suitable cultivation area in order to provide the nutrients needed by More
        Given the growing population of the world, meeting the nutritional and medicinal needs of plant products is very important. It is very important to pay attention to the effects of cultivation date and suitable cultivation area in order to provide the nutrients needed by plants to achieve high yield and desired quality crops. One of the most important factors in the growth and yield of potatoes is nutrition and determining the appropriate planting date according to the geographical area, which is one of the main objectives of the present study. The research was conducted as a split plot in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications in Jihad Keshavarzi research farms located in Islamabad, Zahkloot and Kerman provinces. The main factor of geographical areas in the stages of flowering and tuber filling and the sub-factor including two planting dates (October 5 and 25) were examined. The results showed that the results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of area treatment, culture date and foliar application on the concentration of chlorophyll an and leaf carotenoids was significant. While it was not significant on chlorophyll b concentration. All bilateral effects except region on planting date were significant in chlorophyll a but not significant on tripartite effect. The highest concentration of chlorophyll a (34.1 mg / g fresh leaf) was obtained in foliar application of 1% iron nanoparticles with 2% magnesium nanoparticles Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        34 - Evaluation of Auxin Application and Weed Management on Yield, Physiological and Chemical Properties of Potato Cultivars
        Mahmoud Setoudeh Nezhad Mojtaba Alavi Fazel Tayeb Saki Nejad Shahram Lak Seyed keyvan Marashi
        10.30495/sarj.2022.1972654.1097
        In order to evaluate the application of auxin hormone and weed management on the performance of physiological and chemical characteristics of potato cultivars, a split factorial experiment in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications in two More
        In order to evaluate the application of auxin hormone and weed management on the performance of physiological and chemical characteristics of potato cultivars, a split factorial experiment in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replications in two crop years 2016-2016 and 2016-2016 in Bardsir city of Kerman province. Done. The treatments include two potato varieties, Milva and Sante, foliar spraying of auxin hormone at three levels, no hormone consumption, 200 and 400 ppm and weed control, pre-emergence application of metribuzin herbicide with an amount of 750 grams per hectare, two-stage application Metribiozin, one stage of 500 g/ha pre-emergence and the second stage of 250 g/ha 10 to 15 days after potato sprouting, weed control through manual weeding, control without weed control. The results showed that increasing the consumption of auxin hormone significantly increased the diameter, dry weight and tuber performance. Weed control was achieved during the two-step application of Bozin herbicide with an increase ratio of 15 to 39% compared to the control without control. The highest yield of tubers was obtained under the two-stage application of Bozin herbicide and the application of 400 ppm of auxin hormone at the rate of 38055.33 kg per hectare, and the number of tubers in potato was obtained under the two-stage application of Bozin herbicide. The use of different amounts of IAA in this experiment led to an increase in the content of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus compared to not using it. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        35 - The Analysis of Forecasting the Monthly Trend According to Different Price Levels of Agricultural Crops (A Case Study Tomato & Potato )
        Seyed Ehsan Zohoori reza moghaddasi einollah hesami
        10.30495/sarj.2023.1982071.1124
        What is aimed in this research is to determine that are forecasts in years relatively high-price trend and low-price trend affected and smoothed according to the monthly potato and tomato prices? The analysis and forecasting of prices in harvesting seasons of two produc More
        What is aimed in this research is to determine that are forecasts in years relatively high-price trend and low-price trend affected and smoothed according to the monthly potato and tomato prices? The analysis and forecasting of prices in harvesting seasons of two products are implemented by “t” test and linear regression during 1996-2021. The results have showed significant forecasts for years with normal and high price levels meanwhile the research assumption of forecasting of the price trend has been approved more for potato in a high price level. The results of this research and similar cases can be used to forecast prices for production management of such crops, market regulation and consumers’ welfare of country in different seasons of the year. In case of extra supply with decreasing price level or lack of production with increasing price level one of approaches is to present template and compulsory cultivation in accordance with competitive advantages in provinces and different regions Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        36 - Assessment of Foliar Application of Iron and Silicon on Some Agronomic, Quanti-tative and Qualitative Parameters of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
        Ahmad Estaji Hamid Reza Rousta Mohammad Reza Mir Kahnooj
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        37 - Analysis of Iran's Potato Market until 2021
        shahrouz KHORAMI majid hasani moghadam
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        38 - The inhibitory effect of Thymus vulgaris and Carum copticum essential oil on the growth of Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of potato stem canker in vitro and greenhouse conditions
        Dariush Shahriari nazanin Alibeyk Tehrani mojdeh Maleki
        Potato is one of the most important food and economic crops in all over the world, Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of stem canker causes high loss of the product quality and quantity annually. In this study, the effects of two essential oils of Thyme and Carum, wer More
        Potato is one of the most important food and economic crops in all over the world, Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of stem canker causes high loss of the product quality and quantity annually. In this study, the effects of two essential oils of Thyme and Carum, were investigated on the colony growth rate and inhibitory growth in concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm on PDA medium. In vitro tests, essential oils of thyme and Carum in two concentrations of 0.5 and 0.75, the combination of thyme 0.25+ Carum 0.25 and Rovral-Ts fungicide at 1.5 at 1000 were evaluated in a completely randomized block design in four replications. The tubers substratum cultivated in soil contaminated by R. solani that planted in pots were inoculated by essential oils and fungicides. The disease severity data were recorded and scored six weeks after inoculation using Das scale. The results demonstrated that fungal growth rate under treatment by Thyme at 500 ppm (21.63 mm /day) and Carum (17.7 mm/day) and thyme + Carum (67.85) essences were more than 50 percent growth inhibitory. The results of disease severity index in greenhouse revealed that Thyme and Carum essences and Rovral-Ts fungicide respectively by 28.1, 35.92 and 17.17 percent were successful in disease control as well as the mean of fresh and dry weight of shoot area under Thyme treatment increased relatively. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        39 - Partial molecular characterization of Iranian isolates of Potato leafroll virus
        Reza Pourrahim Shirin Farzadfar
        Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), a species of Polerovirus gunes, causes one of the most important viral diseases in potato crop. Molecular characterizations of Iranian PLRV isolates have been studied using ORF0. Main potato cultivation areas in Azarbaijan, Ardabil, Isfaha More
        Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), a species of Polerovirus gunes, causes one of the most important viral diseases in potato crop. Molecular characterizations of Iranian PLRV isolates have been studied using ORF0. Main potato cultivation areas in Azarbaijan, Ardabil, Isfahan, Khorasan, and Hamadan were visited and sampling conducted randomly and symptomatically. The samples were tested by DAS-ELISA method by using specific antibodies from Bioreba Co (Switzerland). ELISA results showed that on average, 9.6 % of the randomly collected samples were infected by PLRV, indicating wide distribution of PLRV in potato fields of Iran. Also, samples from Isfahan and Ardabil provinces showed highest and lowest infection with PLRV with 23.7% and 3.9%, respectively. Ten Iranian PLRV isolates have been selected and the ORF0 region of genome amplified by polymerase chain reaction using specific primers and sequenced. Comparing the nucleotide sequence alignment of 10 sequences obtained in this study with 23 other PLRV sequences showed 94.2 up to 100 % identity. Two Iranian isolates, Ar53 and Kh116 had the most identity with an isolate from Netherlands (Y07496). Phylogenetic analysis showed that PLRV isolates clustered in three groups which Iranian isolates fall in group with some European PLRV isolates.   Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        40 - Efficacy of EC formulation of Eucalyptus extract in controlling Alternaria leaf spot of potato, caused by Alternaria alternata under greenhouse condition
        Masoud Zaker Babak Haidari Alizadeh
        The Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus Camaldulensis) extract contains eucalyptol as active ingredient and has disinfectant and antifungal properties. Its fast degradation and very less toxicity for mammals has caused attention toward its use as a safe pesticide. Its efficacy in co More
        The Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus Camaldulensis) extract contains eucalyptol as active ingredient and has disinfectant and antifungal properties. Its fast degradation and very less toxicity for mammals has caused attention toward its use as a safe pesticide. Its efficacy in controlling the mycelial growth and spore germination of Alternaria alternata the causal agent of Alternaria leaf spot of potato under laboratory condition has been approved. During 2011, the efficacy of 5, 10 and 15% of its EC formulation in controlling Alternaria leaf spot disease of potato was conducted in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications under green house condition. Fungicide mancozeb 0.2% was used for better comparison. Results indicated that all three eucalyptus concentrations with 24.80, 16.28 and 9.29% disease incidence respectively showed significant differences at 1% level of probability in controlling the disease compared to control. Eucalyptus formulation (15%) and mancozeb were kept in same statistical group. By increasing the percentage of eucalyptus formulation its phytptoxicity was increased. Percentage of phytotoxicity in 5, 10 and 15% of eucalyptus formulations were 4.02, 10.65 and 21.34% respectively. Further studies are needed for omitting its phytotoxicity, so that it might be used as a safe bio-fungicide in controlling Alternaria leaf spot of potato. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        41 - Evaluation of the effectiveness of two nematicides for control of potato golden nematode (Globodera rostochiensis) in greenhouse
        Mahdi Sharifi Mashhoud Mohammad Torabi Mazdasht Giti
        Potato golden cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis) is one of the most important diseases which causes massive damages in potato and without the management will destroy 100% of crop. In the present study, the effect of two new nematicides Nemakick and Marigold for con More
        Potato golden cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis) is one of the most important diseases which causes massive damages in potato and without the management will destroy 100% of crop. In the present study, the effect of two new nematicides Nemakick and Marigold for controlling potato cyst nematode was tested. The experiment was conducted in factorial based of completely randomized design in greenhouse. Two potato cultivars Marfona (Susceptible) and Bamba (Moderately resistant) were planted and two different infection levels of 5 and 20 juvenile and egg per gram of soil and two different doses of Marigold, 150 and 300 Kgha-1 and two different doses of Nemakick, 100 and 200 Kgha-1 were applied just before planting tubers. Pots were incubated in a common greenhouse and 100 days after planting the potatoes were pulled out and population of cysts and juvenile and egg per gram of soil was counted. Potato yield factors were Also measured and the results were analyzed by SAS statistical software. The results indicated that there was a significant effect for nematode populations and potato yield parameters. Bamba showed better results compared to Marfona with respect to number of cysts, juvenile and egg per gram of soil. In Marfona nematicides scaused 35% reduction in juvenile and egg number compared to the control. Appling Marigold with 150 and 300 Kgha-1 had the maximum effect on controlling the nematode. Nemakick treatments with 100 and 200 Kgha-1.were aiso effective and acted closely to Marygold treatments. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        42 - In vitro of essential oils effects on mycellial growth of Fusarium solani the causal of storage disease Fusarium Dry Rot of potato on their tubers.
        Roya Tavousi Mohammad Torabi Hosain Vafaei
        The use of antifungal compounds such as essential oils for the preservation of natural fruits during the storage period has dramatically been rising. In this study, the individual essential oils of Majorom (Origamum marjorana), wild mint (Mentha longifolia) and Summer s More
        The use of antifungal compounds such as essential oils for the preservation of natural fruits during the storage period has dramatically been rising. In this study, the individual essential oils of Majorom (Origamum marjorana), wild mint (Mentha longifolia) and Summer savory (Satureja khuzistanica) were employed for the control of corruption of tubers during the storage period. In this study, the antifungal activity of essential oils was investigated on growth a specie of plant pathogenic fungus (Fusarium solani)on PDA medium and tuber tissues.  Antifungal activity on PDA medium were measured by disk diffusion and volatile essential oil methods. To evaluate the effects of the essential oils on fungal growth in tuber tissue, the potato were inoculated with 30 µl of spore suspension (106 spore/ml), and then tubers were sprayed with 4 and 20 µl/ml of the essential oils. Seven days after inoculation, tubers were evaluated in terms of pollution. To calculate the percentage of infected tuber was divided into eight parts and the number of infected tuber fungus pathogen contamination in 12.5% multiplication and percentages were calculated. Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design with three replications. Essential oils has showed Significant inhibitory effect on fungus growth. The results showed that most inhibition of growth in a paper disk method was in order for fungus F. solani related to the essential oil of summer savory 59.41 percent, respectively and volatile essential oil methods was related to the essential oil of Summer savory was 41.12 percent respectively. The results inoculated of the tuber tissue with a spore suspension F. solani showed that respectively treatment (20µl/ml) of Majorom (with 27.08% of disease) had the most inhibitory against pathogen Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        43 - Evaluating Tolerance of Potato Cultivars and Promising Clones to Water Deficit in Ardabil Region
        D. Hassanpanah H. Hassanabadi
        In this research potato cultivars including Savalan, Agria and Kaiser and its promising clones (397009-3, 397008-10 and 397009-7) were examined in three irrigation regimes in a split plot design based on randomized complete blok design with three replications in Ardabil More
        In this research potato cultivars including Savalan, Agria and Kaiser and its promising clones (397009-3, 397008-10 and 397009-7) were examined in three irrigation regimes in a split plot design based on randomized complete blok design with three replications in Ardabil Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station during 2008 and 2009. Irrigation treatments (irrigation rate of 50, 75 and 100 percent of water required) were assigned to main plots and promising clones and cultivars to sub-plot. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among irrigation levels and cultivars in for total and marketable tuber yield, tuber number, tuber weight per plant, years and years × cultivars interaction of total tuber yield, irrigation levels × cultivars interaction in all traits except total tuber weight per plant and main stem number per plant. All of the clones and cultivars at 100 percent required water, 397009-3, 397008-10 and 397009-7 clones, Savalan and Kaiser cultivars at 75 percent required water and 397009-3, 397008-10 clones and Savalan cultivar at 50 percent required water produced higher marketable tuber yields. Clone No. 397008-10 produced high marketable tuber number and tuber weight per plant in all of irrigation levels. Clones 397008-10 and 397009-3 and Savalan were selected under mild and severe water deficit conditions, and Agria as susceptible to water deficit. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        44 - Evaluation of Hail Simulated Damage on Marketable Tuber Yield of Potato Agria Cultivar in Ardabil Region
        D. Hassanpanah H. Hassanabadi
        This study was conducted at Ardabil Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station during the year of 2010. A factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with four replications and two factors were used to evaluate the effect of simulated hail dam More
        This study was conducted at Ardabil Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station during the year of 2010. A factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with four replications and two factors were used to evaluate the effect of simulated hail damage to foliage at different growth stages of potato Agria cultivar on marketable tuber yield. The first factor consisted of six levels of foliar damage (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 percent) and the second factor of five levels of plant growth stages (2, 5, 8, 11 and 15 weeks after the growing). Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences among plants for levels and times of hail damage and their interactions in terms of marketable tuber yield. Percentage of marketable yield reduction at early stages of vegetative growth (2 weeks after growing) was minimal. Occurrence of hail damage at the tuberization and bulking stages (5, 8 and 11 weeks after growing) severely reduced marketable tuber yield. While, its damage at late growing stages of (14 weeks after growing) on tuber yield was not appreciable. Times of hail damage on marketable tuber yield reduction was calculated through the regression. Relative reduction of marketable tuber yield at the early stages of vegetative growth, due to hail damage, against non-marketable tuber yield was higher than of bulking stage. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        45 - Effects of Planting Dates on Yield and Yield Component of Mini-Tuber Potato Cultivars in Ardabil Region
        A. Abde Emani M.B. Khorshidi Benam D. Hassanpanah Sh. Azizi
        In order to determine the most suitable planting date for maximum production of seed tuber yield in potato cultivars, this experiment performed with four potato cultivars (Agria, Marfona, Savalan and Ceaser) at four planting dates (April 9th, April 30th, May 20th and Ju More
        In order to determine the most suitable planting date for maximum production of seed tuber yield in potato cultivars, this experiment performed with four potato cultivars (Agria, Marfona, Savalan and Ceaser) at four planting dates (April 9th, April 30th, May 20th and June 10th) by using split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design in three replications at Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station during 2009. During growth stage, the traits were like plant height, main stem number per plant, tuber number and weight per plant and total and marketable tuber yield were measured. Analysis of variance from measured traits showed that planting dates and cultivars in traits like plant height, main stem number per plant, tuber number and weight per plant and total and marketable tuber yield and interaction of between cultivar × planting date plant height, main stem number per plant and tuber number per plant were significantly different. The highest total and marketable tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant, plant height and main stem number per plant were obtained from second planting date (April 30th) and the lowest from latest planting date (June 10th). The difference between total and marketable tuber yield in the second planting date (April 30th) as compared with the latest planting date (June 10th) was 13.35 ton ha-1. Savalan had the highest plant height, main stem number per plant, tuber number and weight per plant and total and marketable tuber yield. Relationship of total tuber yield with plant height, main stem number per plant, tuber number and weight per plant and marketable tuber yield were positive and significant.According to the results, planting date of April 30th was suitable for maximum production of tuber yield of cultivar Sabalan. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        46 - Evaluation of Quantitative Traits of Potato Cultivars in the Spring Cultivation and after Barley Harvest Plantings in Ardabil Region
        D. Hassanpanah H. Hassanabadi
        This study was carried out during two years (2009 and 2010) at the Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station of Ardabil, Iran. In this study, 12 early growing (Marfona, Sinora, Fontane, Oshina and Natasha), moderately late growing (Satina, Markies and Arcona) a More
        This study was carried out during two years (2009 and 2010) at the Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Station of Ardabil, Iran. In this study, 12 early growing (Marfona, Sinora, Fontane, Oshina and Natasha), moderately late growing (Satina, Markies and Arcona) and late growing (Luta, Agria, Savalan and Caesar) potato cultivars were arranged in randomized complete block design with three replicates in two separate experiments (spring planting and planting after harvesting barley). Analysis of variance of traits measured showed that three were significant difference between planting types, among cultivars and their interaction in both total and marketable tuber yields, tuber number and weight per plant; interaction between year×planting types, cultivars× planting types, year×cultivar and year×cultivar× planting type, average tubers size and among cultivars for plant height and main stem number per plant. Luta, Markies and Fontane cultivars had high total and marketable tuber yields and tuber weight per plant in spring planting, Arcona, Markies, Marfona and Luta cultivars in after barley harvest planting during 2009, Agria, Luta, Savalan and Caesar cultivars in spring planting and Luta, Savalan and Agria cultivars in after barley harvest planting during 2010. Relationship between total tuber yield with marketable tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant and tuber size average were significant and positive. Tuber weight per plant had the most direct positive effect on the total tuber yield. It was also found that Savalan, Luta, Satina, Markies and Fontane (late and moderately late growing types) as high yielder and stable cultivars; Agria (moderately late growing) were to be as high yielder but unstable cultivars; Caesar (late growing type) as low yield but stable cultivar and Sinora, Oshina, Arcona, Natasha and Marfona as low yielder but unstable cultivars. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        47 - Evaluating the Different Levels of Diaminozied on the Five Mini-Tuber Potato Cultivars produced by Tissue Culture under Greenhouse Condition
        مهدی Soleimani Agdam M. Valizadeh A.A. Imani D. Hassan Panah Sh. Azizi
        To evaluate the effect of different levels of diaminozied on the potato cultivars mini-tubers produced by tissue culture under greenhouse condition a factorial an experiment on the base of completely randomized design in three replications was performed at the Ardabil V More
        To evaluate the effect of different levels of diaminozied on the potato cultivars mini-tubers produced by tissue culture under greenhouse condition a factorial an experiment on the base of completely randomized design in three replications was performed at the Ardabil Villkige Company Greenhouse in 2010. The first factor consisted of four levels of diaminozied, as plant growth regulator, (0, 40, 80 and 120 mg.L-1) and the second factor of five cultivars of virus-free potato (Satina, Savalan, Marfona, Agria and Cesear). Virus-free plantlets were transferred to isolated greenhouse and planted in 20×20×15 cm in plastic pots beds made by 1:1 volume of Biolan peat moss and perlite. During growth period traits like plant height, leaf and stem number per plant, mini-tuber weight and number per plant and square meter, and mini-tuber size were average measured. The analysis of variance showed significant differences among different levels of diaminozied for leaf number per plant, mini-tuber weight and its number per square meter, tuber average size in all cultivars under study. The interaction of diaminozied by cultivars showed significant difference as to leaf number per plant, mini-tuber weight, its number per square meter and average tuber size. Cesear and Marfona cultivars produced higher mini-tuber weight and tuber number per square meter by applying 40 mg.L-1 diaminozied. The correlation was significant and positive between mini-tuber number per square meter with mini-tuber weight per square meter and root length. It was also significant and positive between mini-tuber weight per square meter with plant height and average mini-tuber size. The results of multi regression analysis indicated that mini-tuber weight per square meter, average tuber size, plant height and root length were effective on changes of the mini-tuber number. The highest positive direct effect on number of mini-tuber per square meter was due to the plant height and the less negative direct effect to the mini-tuber weight per square meter.  Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        48 - Response of Potato (Solanum tuberosum cv. Kaiser) to ‎Different Sources of Fertillizers
        Mohammad Reza Saeedi Saeedi Mehrab Yadegari
        To Study of the effects of biological and chemical fertilizers applications on quantitative and qualitative traits of potato (Kaiser cultivar), a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was performed in Lordegan city in I More
        To Study of the effects of biological and chemical fertilizers applications on quantitative and qualitative traits of potato (Kaiser cultivar), a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was performed in Lordegan city in Iran during 2014. The fertilizers used were chemical nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers with two levels (nitrogen, 150 kg.ha-1 from urea resource and Phosphorous, 120 kg.ha-1 from super phosphate triple) and biological fertilizers were (nitroxin, vermicompost and phosphate barvar 2) each with two levels. The results showed that the use of nitroxin, vermicompost and phosphate barvar 2 and nitrogen andphosphorous fertilizers affected starch content, plant height, number of main stem per plant, LAI, total dry/fresh matter, the largest and smallest tuber diameter, number of tuber per plant and tuber yield, significantly. The highest tuber yield was observed by using nitroxin, vermicompost and phosphate barvar 2. Results of this research also showed that use of biological and chemical fertilizers affected vegetative traits that are related to qualitative and physiological indices. In spite of these promising effects of chemical and biological fertilizers on quantative and qualitative traits of potato, application of triple super phosphate along with biological fertilizers did not affect quality and quantity of potato. The highest starch percentage in dry matter of tuber (75.27%), number of main stem per plant (6.37), diameter of largest (185.75 mm) and smallest tuber (58.08 mm), tuber yield (33317.5 kg.ha-1), were produced by the use of biological fertilizers. Overall, results showed that the use of biofertilizeres may improve the measured traits of quantity and quality of caeser cultivar of potato and obtain the highest yield. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        49 - Evaluation of Potato and Pinto bean Intercropping
        A. Nasrollahzadeh-Asl A. Dabbag - Mohammadi nassab S. Zehtab - Salmasi M. Mogaddam A. Javanshir
        To evaluate beneficial effect of intercropping based on replacement and additive methods to sustainable agriculture, two experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Research Station of University of Tabriz in 2005 and 2006, to study the effect of intercropping potato More
        To evaluate beneficial effect of intercropping based on replacement and additive methods to sustainable agriculture, two experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Research Station of University of Tabriz in 2005 and 2006, to study the effect of intercropping potato and pinto bean by using these two methods. The experiments carried out using randomized complete block design with three replications and 16 treatments. The treatments, consisted of: eight treatments of replacement intercropping with 2:1 and 3:1 proportions of potato and pinto bean (with densities of 4.7 and 5.3 plants m-2 for potato and 45 and 55 plants m-2 for pinto bean), four treatments of additive intercropping (with densities of 4.7 and 5.3 plants m-2  for potato and 5.3 and 10.6 plants m-2 for pinto bean), two sole croppings of potato (4.7 and 5.3 plants m-2) and two sole croppings of pinto bean (45 and 55 plants m-2). Maximum tuber yield per plant, tuber yield of potato per unit area, tuber size, mean tuber weight, number of leaves and branches per plant were obtained from replacement intercropping treatments. Maximum grain yield of pinto bean per unit area was obtained from the replacement intercropping treatments; Maximum grain yield per plant, number of pods per plant, number of leaves and branches, plant height, dates of emergence, flowering, poding and ripening were obtained from the additive intercropping treatments. To evaluate the beneficial effect of intercropping, land equivalent ratio (LER) was more than one, and the maximum amounts for two years (1.25 and 1.27, respectively) belonged to replacement intercropping of 1:2 treatment (66% potato with 5.3 plants per m2 + 34%pinto bean with 55 plants per m2). This treatment, therefore, can be recommended to be the best intercropping pattern for sustainable agriculture. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        50 - The Effect of Cover Crops on Yield and Weeds Control of Patato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
        Soghra Ghahremani Ali Ebadi Ahmad Tobeh Masoud Hashemi Mohammad Sedghi Abdolghayum Gholipuri
        10.30495/jcep.2020.671644
        Using an effective management method can reduce weed contamination of main crop plants. To investigate the effect of cover crops on weed control and potato yield an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at Research Fi More
        Using an effective management method can reduce weed contamination of main crop plants. To investigate the effect of cover crops on weed control and potato yield an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications at Research Field of University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in autumn of 2017 and spring of 2018. Experimental treatments consisted of oat (Avena sativa L.), white radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and double blend cultivation with 50% seed ratio and control treatment at 2017 (autumn) and subsequent potato planting in 2018 (spring). The results showed that the cover crops had a significant effect on lambsquarter (Chenopodium album L.), Amaranthus retroflexus L. and total weeds biomass in the main crop (potato) but not on other weeds (including Cirsium arvense L.). The highest biomass (466.1 g.m-2) among the cover crops and the lowest winter weeds biomass were related to white radish monoculture. The lowest weed biomass of amaranthus and total weeds biomass were obtained from white radish, and the lowest biomass of lambsquarter was obtained from white radish+oat. White radish was able to control 45.7% of total weed biomasses compared to control treatment. The highest yield and average tuber weight, marketable percentage and the lowest small potato tubers were obtained by white radish. White radish had the highest yield (3.74 kg.m-2), which increased potato yield by 46.3%, as compared to the control treatment. The highest number of potato tubers was obtained from oat as cover crop. Growing white radish along with oats also had the highest percentage of oversize tubers. In general, white radish can be a good choice to be used for winter cover crop before potato planting, either as a intercropping with Poaceae species or as a monoculture. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        51 - Effects of Different Planting Beds on Mini-Tubers Production Two Potato Cultivars in Greenhouse Conditions
        D. Hassanpanah
        This research was conducted to evaluate the effects different planting beds on the mini-tuber production Agria and Savalan cultivars of potato in both laboratory and greenhouse of "Ardabil Potato Seed Production Company of Dasht-Zarrin" during 2009. Experiment was facto More
        This research was conducted to evaluate the effects different planting beds on the mini-tuber production Agria and Savalan cultivars of potato in both laboratory and greenhouse of "Ardabil Potato Seed Production Company of Dasht-Zarrin" during 2009. Experiment was factorial based on completely randomized complete block design with three replications and two factors. Factor A consisted of two potato cultivars (Agria and Savalan) and factor B of four planting beds (Biolan, Terracult, Cocopeat and soil as control). Analysis of variance of measured traits showed that differences of planting beds, cultivars and interaction between cultivar × planting bed concerning the number and weight mini-tuber per m2, average size of mini-tuber and plant height were significant. Savalan produced highest mini-tuber number, weight per m2 andplant height, and Agria had the highest average size of mini-tuber when Terracult planting bed was used. Correlation between mini-tuber weight per m2 with plant was positive and significant. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        52 - Tuber Yield of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) as Affected by Different Dosage Applications of Rimsulfuron at Its Various Growth Stages
        Seyyede Asiye Khatami Mohammad Taghi Alebrahim Mehdi Mohebodini Rogayeh Majd
        10.30495/jcep.2019.664847
        To study the efficacy of rimsulfuron, as a postemergent herbicide, on potato tuber yield (c.v. Agria), its components and control of weeds, a factorial field experiment based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications was conducted at Ardabil in 2014. The f More
        To study the efficacy of rimsulfuron, as a postemergent herbicide, on potato tuber yield (c.v. Agria), its components and control of weeds, a factorial field experiment based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications was conducted at Ardabil in 2014. The first factor consisted of seven different levels of rimsulfuron dosages (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 g. a.i /ha), and second factor was its applications at three different potato growth stages (emergence, stolon initiation and tuber bulking). A weed free treatment was also considered as control. Statistical analysis showed that 50 and 40 g. a.i/ ha rimsulfuron applications reduced weed densities by 55.38 and 49.47 percent respectively, but their difference was not statistically significant. Among rimsulfuron application times, its application at potato emergence, resulted in highest reduction of weed density. The results also, showed that rimsulfuron application of 50 g. a.i/ha to the weed free condition, increased number of medium and large sized tubers and total tuber yield by 53.04, 59.45 and 20.51 percents respectively and decreased small sized tubers by 61.03%, but its effect on the number of tubers per plant was not significant. According to result of this research it can be concluded that rimsulfuron is an efficient herbicide to increase potato yield and control weeds of potato fields in Ardabil, and probably in Iran. Further research is needed to substantiate these results. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        53 - Evaluation of Agronomic Traits and Yield Stability in Several Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Genotypes
        Mina Moghaddaszadeh Rasool Asghari Zakaria Davoud Hassanpanah Nasser Zare
        In this study, a total 15 potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes (11 potato hybrid clones and four control varieties including Caesar, Luca, Savalan and Agria), were evaluated during two cropping seasons in three different locations of Iran, including Ardabil, Hamadan More
        In this study, a total 15 potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes (11 potato hybrid clones and four control varieties including Caesar, Luca, Savalan and Agria), were evaluated during two cropping seasons in three different locations of Iran, including Ardabil, Hamadan and Karaj, using a randomized complete block design with three replications. During growth period and after harvesting, some of the characteristics like plant height, main stem number, tuber weight per plant, tuber number per plant, marketable tuber yield and tuber dry matter percent were measured. The combined analysis of variance indicated that the effect of genotype on all of the traits under study was highly significant (p < 0.01). The interaction effect for year×location (Y×L) was significant for all traits under study except for tuber number per plant. The interaction effect for genotype×year (G×Y) was significant for all traits under study except for main stem number per plant and tuber dry matter percent. The interaction effect for genotype×location (G×L) was highly significant for all studied traits (p < 0.01). The interaction effect for genotype×location×year (G×L×Y) was highly significant for tuber number per plant and plant height (p < 0.01). Cluster analysis divided 15 genotypes into three clusters. The first cluster consisted of hybrids G1 (clone 16-75), G3, (clone 15-75), G5 (clone 13-75) and G7 (clone 23-75). These hybrids had higher average marketable tuber yield, tuber weight per plant, tuber number per plant, tuber average weight, plant height and tuber dry matter percent as compared to the remaining genotypes. Based on “which-won-where” view of the GGL biplot, G5 (clone 13-75) was desirable in environments HN (Hamadan), and KJ (Karaj), whereas G1 (clone 16-75) and G8 (Savalan) were favorable in environment AL (Ardabil). According to results, hybrids G5 (clone 13-75), G7 (clone 23-75) and G1 (clone 16-75) were near to the ideal genotype and could be regarded as desirable genotypes. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        54 - The Role of Iron and Zinc on Tuber Yield and Yield Components of Potato
        Elham Jam Ali Ebadie Gasem Parmoon
        The soils of potato production fields in Ardabil due to alkalinity and not having a proper crop rotations are deficient in micronutrients. To evaluate the effect of these micronutrients on the yield and some traits affecting potato tubers an experiment was conducted in More
        The soils of potato production fields in Ardabil due to alkalinity and not having a proper crop rotations are deficient in micronutrients. To evaluate the effect of these micronutrients on the yield and some traits affecting potato tubers an experiment was conducted in a complete randomized block design with three replications in Ardabil during 2012. Micronutrient treatments used were the various concentrations of iron and zinc (0.002, 0.004 and 0.008 concentrations of these elements as Fe1Zn1, Fe1Zn2, Fe1Zn3, Fe2Zn1, Fe2Zn2, Fe2Zn3, Fe3Zn1 and Fe3Zn2) and a control treatment (Fe0Zn0). Analysis of variance of traits under study showed statistically significant differences among treatments in terms of tuber yield, number of tubers per plant, tuber size, skin thickness and volumetric weight and dry weight of tubers. The highest tuber yield (48.10 t.ha-1) and maximum skin thickness were obtained from Fe1Zn3 treatment. The highest tuber number belonged to Fe2Zn1 (0.004 and 0.002 concentrations of iron and zinc) and Fe1Zn3 (0.002 and 0.008 concentrations of iron and zinc). Tuber weights higher than 35 grams and higest volumetric tuber weight were produced by using Fe3Zn2. The conclusion is this that using Fe1Zn3 traetment (0.002 and 0.008 concentrations) resulted in highest tuber yield and thickness of tuber skin. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        55 - Evaluation of Water Deficit Tolerance of 10 Potato Cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L.)Based on some Physiological Traits and Tuber Yield in Ardabil Region
        Alireza Nouri Ahmad Nezami Mohammad Kafi Davoud Hassanpanah
        This research was conducted to study the physiological traits affecting the yield of 10 different potato cultivars under water deficit conditions in a two-years study (2013 and 2014) in Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station. The study was performed More
        This research was conducted to study the physiological traits affecting the yield of 10 different potato cultivars under water deficit conditions in a two-years study (2013 and 2014) in Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station. The study was performed in a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The main-plots were three levels of irrigations (irrigation with 100%, 80% and 60% required water) and sub-plots consisted of 10 commercial potato cultivars (Khavaran, Savalan, Luca, Satina, Sante, Marfona, Caeser, Agria, Aula and Draga) released in the last 30 years. During the growing season, some physiological traits including relative water content, electrolyte leakage and chlorophyll content of the leaves were measured at their five different growth stages. Combined analysis of variance of traits showed that there were significant differences cultivars between years, and cultivars × water deficit stress interaction in all growth stages in terms of relative water content, electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll content and tuber yield. In terms of electrolyte leakage and chlorophyll content of the leaves, there were significant differences between years, different water stress levels, cultivars and cultivars × water stress level. In addition, in terms of tuber yield there were significant differences between years, water stress levels, cultivars and year × water stress level, cultivar × water stress level, cultivar × year.  There were significant differences in chlorophyll content of the leaves under different irrigation conditios in the first, second, third and fifth growth stages of the potato. According to the results, under normal irrigation condition, cultivars Khavaran and Satina had higher relative water content, lower electrolyte leakage, higher chlorophyll content of the leaves and higher tuber yield. Under mild water stress condition, cultivars Caeser, Draga and Khavaran and under severe stress condition, cultivars Agria and Draga maintained higher relative water content and higher tuber yield; whereas cultivars Savalan, Luca, Satina and Marfona showed lower electrolyte leakage and higher tuber yield; and cultivar Savalan showed the highest chlorophyll content of the leaves and higher tuber yield under severe stress condition and thus were selected as tolerant cultivars to water deficit conditions. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        56 - Evaluating Potential Production of Mid-Late Maturing Minituber of Potato Cultivars and Promising Clones under Aeroponic System
        D. HassanPanah
        This study was performed to investigate potential production of mid-late maturing promising mini-tuber clones and cultivars under aeroponic system during 2011-2013 in both laboratory and greenhouse of Ardabil Sabalan Behparvar Company. Five clones and cultivars (three p More
        This study was performed to investigate potential production of mid-late maturing promising mini-tuber clones and cultivars under aeroponic system during 2011-2013 in both laboratory and greenhouse of Ardabil Sabalan Behparvar Company. Five clones and cultivars (three promising clones 397009-3, 397082-10 and 397081-1, and two cultivars, Khavaran and Agria) were evaluated in completely randomized designs with three replications. During growing period and after harvesting the crop some important traits like plant height, main stem number per plant, mini-tuber number and weight per square meter, mean mini-tuber weight per square meter and storability of mini-tubers were measured. Analysis of variance showed that mini-tuber number and weight per square meter, mean mini-tuber weight per square meter, plant height and main stem number per plant among clones and cultivars were significantly different. The mid-late maturity promising clones of 397081-1 and 397009-3 produced higher mini-tuber number per square meter (2766 and 2141 mini-tubers, respectively), mini-tuber weight per square meter (11400 and 16500 g, respectively) than the remaining types. Mid-late maturity promising clone of 397081-1 also produced higher mean mini-tuber weight per square meter (5.59 g) and plant height (174 cm) as compared with the others. The differences per square meter in the number of mini-tuber of mid-late maturing promising clones of 397081-1 and 397009-3 with Agria cultivar were about 1166 and 541, respectively. Mean mini-tuber weight per square meter in aeroponic system was 6.16 grams. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        57 - Effect of Different Potassium Levels on Yield and Growth Indices of Potato in Mashad Climate Condition
        A. Sobhani H. Hamidi
        To study the yield and growth indices of potato under different potassium levels an experiment was conducted in Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center, Khorasan Razavi province, Iran during 2010. Potassium levels 0, 90, 180 and 270 kg K2O per hectare were inc More
        To study the yield and growth indices of potato under different potassium levels an experiment was conducted in Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center, Khorasan Razavi province, Iran during 2010. Potassium levels 0, 90, 180 and 270 kg K2O per hectare were included. In the experiment the tuber yields were 18.90, 21.59, 22.26 and 24.94 t/ha in 0, 90, 180 and 270 kg K2O per hectare, respectively. Potassium increased total dry matter (TuDM), root dry matter (RDM), stem dry matter (SDM), leaf dry matter (LDM), tuber dry matter (TDM), crop growth rate (CGR), leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), and net assimilation rate (NAR).The maximum TDM (835 g.m2) was obtained in 270 kg K2O per hectare and lowest TDM (778 g.m2) was taken in 0 kg K2O per hectare. The maximum RDM, SDM, LDM and TDM were in 1600 GDD, 1800 GDD, 1500 GDD and 2300 GDD, respectively. The maximum RDM, SDM, LDM and TDM obtained in 270 kg K2O per hectare and were 26.1, 324.86, 171 and 500 g.m2, respectively. The maximum LAD (309.37 m2.GDD-1) was obtained in 270 kg K2O per hectare in 1600 GDD. In the general potassium increased all of the growth indices in potato. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        58 - Effect of Application Methods of Vermicompost and Chemical Fertilizers on Tuber Yield and Some Morphological Traits of Potato (Solanum tuberosum)
        Farnaz Monaghash Abbas Maleki Heydar Zolnorian
        To investigate the effect of vermicompost, chemical fertilizers and their application methods on tuber yield and some morphological traits of potato (Agria cultivar) an experiment was carried out in Mahidasht Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center in Kermans More
        To investigate the effect of vermicompost, chemical fertilizers and their application methods on tuber yield and some morphological traits of potato (Agria cultivar) an experiment was carried out in Mahidasht Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center in Kermanshah Province during 2012-2013 cropping season. The experiment was carried out in a split plot factorial using a randomized complete block design with four replications. Levels of vermicompost (0, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 t/ha) were assigned to main plots, and chemical fertilizers with three levels (0, 50 and 100 % chemical fertilizer recommended) of the amount of 225 kg/ha of urea, 150 kg/ha of potassium sulfate, 105 kg/ha of triple super phosphate and 52 kg/ha zinc sulfate and on 50% level respectively 112.5, 75, 52.5 and 26 kg/ha and fertilizer application methods at 3 levels (broadcast, one band and two band application) to subplots. The results showed that increasing the amount of vermicompost about 3.5 t/ha and reducing chemical fertilizer by 50% and applying it in two band increased plant height, number of stems per plant and tuber yield. The highest tuber yield was obtained from application of 3.5 t/ha of vermicompost, 50% chemical fertilizer and two band fertilizer applications (37 t/ha). This study indicated the positive effect of vermicompost on potato tuber yield. Thus, it can be suggested that combined application of chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers may reduce chemical fertilizers usage and reduce also the environmental pollutions. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        59 - Reduction of acrylamide under different pretreatments in French fries (orginal reserch article)
        Tala Rahbar Imani Leila Roufegari-Nejad
        Acrylamide is formed in carbohydrate-rich foods during high temperature thermal processes. There are well-known biological effects from acute exposure to the high levels of acrylamide, so prevention or elimination of its formation is very important to achieve consumer s More
        Acrylamide is formed in carbohydrate-rich foods during high temperature thermal processes. There are well-known biological effects from acute exposure to the high levels of acrylamide, so prevention or elimination of its formation is very important to achieve consumer safety. Due to the ever-increasing consumption of potato and high amount of acrylamide in this product and particularly in French-fried potato, the aim of this study was investigating the effect of different pre-treatments effect [blanching in water, immersion in a calcium chloride solution and coating with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)] on reduction of acrylamide content as well as sensory properties of the fried potato. In this regard, the the potato samples were fried in 150°C for 7 min and acrylamide content was measured by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The results showed that pre-treatments, either alone or in combination, prevented the formation of acrylamide content varying 27% to 90%, which was statistically significant (p<005). The maximum reduction of acrylamide content was observed in the samples prepared by the combination of three pretreatments. Likewise, the sample blanched, immersed in 0.5% calcium chloride solution and coated with CMC showed the highest score of sensory properties. Consequently, the interaction of the studied pretreatments on the amount of acrylamide content in fried potatoes was significant (p<0.05). It seems that the combination of these pretreatments could possibly results in a healthy product.   Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        60 - فعالیت ضد قارچی عصاره گیاه دارویی علف چشمه (Nasturtium officinale) علیه قارچ Fusarium solani عامل پوسیدگی خشک سیب زمینی
        جعفر نیکان هادی خاوری
        مقدمه و هدف: پوسیدگی ناشی از گونه های مختلف فوزاریوم (Fusarium spp.) ، یکی از بیماری های قارچی مهم پس از برداشت سیب زمینی است. مهمترین روش های مبارزه با این بیماری شامل حمل و نقل و انبارداری مناسب غده های سیب زمینی به منظور به حداقل رساندن و ترمیم زخم های روی غده ها و ن More
        مقدمه و هدف: پوسیدگی ناشی از گونه های مختلف فوزاریوم (Fusarium spp.) ، یکی از بیماری های قارچی مهم پس از برداشت سیب زمینی است. مهمترین روش های مبارزه با این بیماری شامل حمل و نقل و انبارداری مناسب غده های سیب زمینی به منظور به حداقل رساندن و ترمیم زخم های روی غده ها و نیز سم­پاشی غده ها با ترکیبات قارچ کش است. اگر چه مدیریت موثر آفات با کاربرد آفت کش های مصنوعی به دست می آید ولی به دلیل افزایش آگاهی از خطرات مرتبط با استفاده از این مواد شیمیائی، توجه زیادی بر روی روش های جایگزین مانند کاربرد ترکیبات طبیعی گیاهان معطوف گشته است.روش تحقیق: در این مطالعه چهار غلظت مختلف از عصاره الکلی علف چشمه  (Nasturtium officinale R.Br.) برای فعالیت ضد قارچی علیه Fusarium solani  عامل اصلی پوسیدگی خشک سیب زمینی در استان همدان در شرایط درون شیشه (روی محیط کشت) مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. ملاک ارزیابی درصد ممانعت از رشد قارچ بود.نتایج و بحث:نتایج نشان داد که همه غلظت های مورد استفاده از عصاره الکلی علف چشمه در کنترل قارچ بر روی محیط کشت موثرند. بالاترین میزان ممانعت از رشد قارچ به ترتیب با 7/ 32% و 1/ 26%  با استفاده از تیمار قارچ کش و غلظت mg/m l600  عصاره علف چشمه به دست آمد.  به علاوه میزان ممانعت از رشد قارچ با عصاره وابسته به غلظت بود. به هر حال از نظر درصد ممانعت از رشد قارچ عامل بیماری تفاوت معنی داری بین غلظت های  mg/ml500 و mg/ml400  یا بین غلظت­های mg/ml400 و mg/ml300 عصاره علف چشمه مشاهده نشد. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: با توجه به نتایج این آزمایش به نظر می رسد که عصاره علف چشمه توانائی کاربرد به عنوان قارچ کش طبیعی علیه قارچF.solaniرا دارد. پیشنهاد می شودکه این عصاره در شرایط طبیعی (روی غده های سیب زمینی ) نیز اجرا گردد. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        61 - خاصیت آنتی اکسیدانی اسانس میوه گلپر برفی (Heracleum lasiopetalum Boiss) بر خواص شیمیایی چیپس سیب زمینی
        لیلا صداقت بروجنی محمد حجت الاسلامی جواد کرامت عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی
        مقدمه و هدف:  آنتی­ اکسیدان های شیمیایی، اکسیداسیون چربی و ترکیبات حاصل از آن به عنوان عوامل سرطان زا در مواد غذایی شناخته می شوند. در این مطالعه اثر اسانس میوه گلپر برفی با نام محلی کرسوم بر اکسیداسیون روغن و خواص فیزیکوشیمیایی چیپس سیب زمینی در مقایسه با آنتی More
        مقدمه و هدف:  آنتی­ اکسیدان های شیمیایی، اکسیداسیون چربی و ترکیبات حاصل از آن به عنوان عوامل سرطان زا در مواد غذایی شناخته می شوند. در این مطالعه اثر اسانس میوه گلپر برفی با نام محلی کرسوم بر اکسیداسیون روغن و خواص فیزیکوشیمیایی چیپس سیب زمینی در مقایسه با آنتی اکسیدان های متداول BHA و TBHQ بررسی شده است. روش تحقیق: اسانس میوه گلپر برفی به روش تقطیر با آب توسط کلوینجر استخراج شد و توسط روش GC/MS به منظور تعیین ترکیب شیمیایی آن تجزیه شد. اسانس به روغن سرخ کردن چیپس های سیب زمینی در غلظت  3000  قسمت در میلیون اضافه گردید و اثر آنتی اکسیدانی آنبر چیپس  های تولید شده با اندازه گیری عدد پراکسید، تیوباربیتوریک اسید و اسیدیته روغن استخراجی از چیپس مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. BHA و TBHQ به عنوان آنتی اکسیدان های متداول در غلظت 200  قسمت در میلیون اضافه شدند و روند کاهش اکسیداسیون در 45 روز ارزیابی شد. نتایج و بحث: اسانس میوه گلپربرفی مانند آنتی اکسیدان های سنتزی می تواند اکسیداسیون را کاهش دهد. تست TBA نشان داد که اسانس گلپر برفی در کاهش واکنش اولیه  TBAنسبت به BHA موثرتر است در حالی که TBHQ کمترین مقدار را داشته است. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: اسانس میوه گلپربرفی دارای فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی است که می تواند به عنوان  آنتی اکسیدان طبیعی در مواد غذایی در طول نگهداری استفاده شود. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        62 - The Effects of Different Levels of Edible Potato (Solanum tubresum) Replacing Maize on Performance, Serum Metabolite and Immune Systemof Broiler Chicks
        O. Mozafari S. Ghazi M.M. Moeini
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        63 - The responses of potato cultivars to osmotic and temperature stresses under in vitro conditions
        Farnoosh Jafari Jaber Panahandeh Alireza Motallebi Azar Mousa Torabi Giglou
        10.30495/ijpp.2019.667296
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        64 - Genetic diversity and relationships among traits in potato genotypes using agronomic traits and molecular marker (SSR).
        Hossein Afshari Ehsan Barzin Ghanbar laei Morteza Noryan
        10.30495/ijpp.2017.533563
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        65 - Phenology and Morphological Diversity of the Main Potato Cultivars in Iran
        M. Ranjbar M. Nasr Esfahani Moh. Nasr Esfahani S. Salehi
        The phenotypic diversity of potato, Solanum tuberosum was assessed using morphological traits. To verify, how this diversity is distributed among the main potato varieties in the growing areas in Iran. A total of eleven potato varieties, Ramose, Sante, Shepody, Marfona, More
        The phenotypic diversity of potato, Solanum tuberosum was assessed using morphological traits. To verify, how this diversity is distributed among the main potato varieties in the growing areas in Iran. A total of eleven potato varieties, Ramose, Sante, Shepody, Marfona, Maradona, Milova, Santana, Boren, Cosima, Granola and Agria, were evaluated under vivo and situ experimental conditions in Isfahan, conditions, Iran. Seven phenological, floral and morphological vegetative aerial descriptors, Growth Rate=CGR, Net Assimilation Rate=NAR, Leaf Area Duration=LAD, Leaf Area Ratio=LAR and specific Leaf Area=SLA were recorded. The descriptors were evaluated by SAS Software and their means comparison by DMRT test. Certain defined groups were observed, indicating that the diversity of the cultivars are structured with a considerable morphological variation in between the varieties with a very high significant growth indices. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        66 - Resource Use Efficiency Andmisery of Sweet Potato Production Window into Financial Surplus for Households in Delta State, Nigeria
        Theophilus Miebi Gbigbi
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        67 - Assessment of Indigenous Pest and Disease Management Among Sweet Potato Farmers
        Sijuwade Adebayo Robert UddinII Olorunfemi Malomo Rukayat Olabode
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        68 - Effect of water stress on potato product in the drip irrigation (T-Tape)
        F. Ghasemi Sahebi M. Hekmat E. Pourkhiz
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        69 - مدیریت بذر سیب زمینی در میان کشاورزان سیب زمینی کار شهرستان فریدون شهر (استان اصفهان)، ایران
        اصغر باقری مجتبی سوختانلو
        این پژوهش به بررسی سازوکارهای مدیریت بذر سیب زمینی توسط سیب­زمینی­کاران شهرستان فریدون­شهر در استان اصفهان پرداخته است. این پژوهش به روش پیمایشی انجام شد. جامعه آماری تحقیق، شامل سیب­زمینی­کاران شهرستان فریدونشهر بودند. نمونه­ای متشکل از 250 نفر More
        این پژوهش به بررسی سازوکارهای مدیریت بذر سیب زمینی توسط سیب­زمینی­کاران شهرستان فریدون­شهر در استان اصفهان پرداخته است. این پژوهش به روش پیمایشی انجام شد. جامعه آماری تحقیق، شامل سیب­زمینی­کاران شهرستان فریدونشهر بودند. نمونه­ای متشکل از 250 نفر از سیب‏زمینی‏کاران (جامعه کل: 725 نفر) برای گردآوری اطلاعات تعیین شدند. روش نمونه گیری مورد استفاده در تحقیق، طبقه ای تصادفی با انتساب متناسب بود. ابزار تحقیق پرسشنامه­ای بود که روایی صوری آن توسط گروهی از اعضای هیأت علمی و کارشناسان جهادکشاورزی شهرستان فریدون­شهر تأیید شد. برای تعیین پایایی تحقیق از آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شد که برای متغیرهای تحقیق بالاتر از 7/0 بدست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که "بخشی از غده­های تولید شده  توسط کشاورزان" اولویت اول کشاورزان به عنوان منبع غده بذری سیب‏زمینی بود. 6/89 درصد از سیب زمینی کاران غدههای بذری را در شرایط نامناسبی نگهداری می­کنند. دانش و مهارت اکثر کشاورزان درزمینه مدیریت بذر سیب زمینی پایین بود و رابطه مثبت و معنی­داری با سطح تحصیلات و عملکرد سیب­زمینی داشت ولی رابطه آن با سن منفی بود. براساس تحلیل رگرسیون لجستیک، قدرت پیش­بینی مدل 639/0 بود و حساسیت کل مدل برای پیش­بینی 0/86 درصد بدست آمد. هم­چنین از میان عامل­های فردی، حرفه­ای و اقتصادی،  متغیرهای سن، تعداد نیروی کار خانواده، وسعت مالکیت زمین­ها، وسعت زیرکشت سیب­زمینی، عملکرد تولید سیب­زمینی در واحد هکتار، تعداد قطعات مالکیت زمین­ها و سطح دانش و اطلاعات در میان پاسخ‏گویان بطور معنی­داری بر پذیرش و بکارگیری سیستم­های نوین تولید بذر سیب­زمینی دلالت دارند. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        70 - Gender Differences in Market Participation Among Small Holder Sweet Potato Farmers in South East, Nigeria
        Christiana Okoye Jude Mbanasor Benjamin Okoye
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        71 - تحلیل ساختار و صرفه‌های حاصل از مقیاس تولید سیب زمینی با استفاده از تابع هزینه ترانسلوگ ( شهرستان اردبیل)
        جلال خیرخواه مقدم ابوالفضل محمودی غلامرضا یاوری امین دلاور
        چکیدهاین تحقفیق با هدف بررسی هزینه‌های تولید و صرفه‌های اقتصادی این محصول در شهرستان اردبیل انجام گرفته است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش 183 سیب زمینی کار می‌باشند که به روش نمونه­گیری تصادفی انتخاب شده و اطلاعات به صورت پیمایشی و از طریق تکمیل پرسشنامه جمع­آوری شده ا More
        چکیدهاین تحقفیق با هدف بررسی هزینه‌های تولید و صرفه‌های اقتصادی این محصول در شهرستان اردبیل انجام گرفته است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش 183 سیب زمینی کار می‌باشند که به روش نمونه­گیری تصادفی انتخاب شده و اطلاعات به صورت پیمایشی و از طریق تکمیل پرسشنامه جمع­آوری شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد: ساختار تابع هزینه با توجه به آماره‌ی کای اسکویر بدست آمده (36.8) غیر هموتتیک، نتایج آزمون ولد غیر بازده ثابت نسبت به مقیاس و آماره  F بدست آمده(17.04) غیر کاب داگلاس می‌باشد. رابطه جانشینی متقاطع آلن برای ماشین آلات نیروی کار، ماشین آلات و بذر، نیروی کار و بذر، نیروی کار و آب، بذر و آب، مثبت،  برای نهاده‌های ماشین آلات و زمین، ماشین آلات و آب، زمین و ماشین آلات ، زمین و نیروی کار، زمین وّ بذر، زمین و آب منفی بود. کشش هزینه 5044.1- است. که نشان دهنده‌ی کاهش هزینه متوسط به ازای افزایش تولید بوده و تولید در قسمت نزولی منحنی هزینه واقع شده است. صرفه حاصل از  مقیاس برابر با2.504که حاکی از افزایش 2.5 درصدی محصول وستانده به ازای افزایش یک در صدی هزینه می‌باشد.  Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        72 - Working Effectiveness of Dissemination Channels as Perceived by Potato Growers
        Tahir Munir Butt Muhammad Zakaria Yousuf Hassan Shahbaz Talib Sahi Khalid Mehmood Mashood- ul-Subtain Naeem- ul Hassan
        A research can also reveal the cooperative effectiveness of agencies such as evaluation will lead to discover the weakness and strengths for further improvement of this program. The present study was designed in 2009 especially to see the effectiveness of the working of More
        A research can also reveal the cooperative effectiveness of agencies such as evaluation will lead to discover the weakness and strengths for further improvement of this program. The present study was designed in 2009 especially to see the effectiveness of the working of agricultural extension staff as perceived by farmers in district Okara-Pakistan. The data were collected with the help of a specifically designed and pre-tested interview schedule and total sample was 300 respondents. The results showed that most 45.0% of the respondents belonged to the old age (31-40 years) category and most 30% of the respondents were above illiterate. An overwhelming majority 77.33% of the respondents was in fall radio category. Whereas, only 29.33% of the respondents reported that they had contact with Extension Field Staff. An overwhelming majority 74.33% of the respondents indicated lack of mobility as the major constraints in approaching agricultural extension education services. It was concluded that different mass media were not fully utilized in the area which hindered not only awareness level of the respondents but also adversely effect the adoption level regarding the latest production technology related agriculture sector. On the basis of conclusions it was recommended that for first of all the educational level of the study area should be increased and Government should ensure adequate availability of rural infrastructure facilities to enable more of the dwellers cultivate the habit of utilizing medias channels as source of information in agriculture production. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        73 - Effect of under Irrigation Management on Potato Performance Components
        Fakhrodin Ghasemi Sahebi Masoud Hekmat Eman Pourkhiz
        To evaluate the effect of water, tape drip and furrow irrigation methods on the performance components and features of Agria cultivar potato, an experiment was carried out in the agriculture faculty of Kermanshah. Repeated three times, this study was carried out in the More
        To evaluate the effect of water, tape drip and furrow irrigation methods on the performance components and features of Agria cultivar potato, an experiment was carried out in the agriculture faculty of Kermanshah. Repeated three times, this study was carried out in the form of full random blocks with the main factor of different amounts of irrigation water in three levels (50, 75, and100 percent of cumulative evaporation from an A- class evaporation pan) and the secondary factor of irrigation method (including drip and furrow irrigations). At 3 repetitions, results showed that the minimum performance (19.168 tons per hectare) was related to the drip irrigation method with 50 percent evaporation from the A-class pan and the maximum one (34.455 tons per hectare) was related to the drip irrigation method with 100 percent evaporation from the A-class pan. The rate of irrigation and effectiveness of method on the number of the main stem per square meter and number of the main stem in the bush were not significant. The minimum percent (number of tubers) of tubers smaller than 35mm (26.47percent) and the maximum tuber production (37.17 percent) in the size of food and market-friendly (tuber bigger than 55mm) were attained by drip irrigation method with 100 percent evaporation from the A-class pan. The impact of Irrigation method on and the specific gravity of tubers and starch (dry matter) were and was not significant, respectively. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        74 - عوامل موثر بر پذیرش ریزغده بذری سیب‌زمینی درشهرستان اردبیل، ایران
        Asghar Bagheri
        هدف از این مطالعه بررسی عوامل موثر بر پذیرش ریزغده بذری  سیب­زمینی بود. این پژوهش به روش - پیمایشی انجام گرفت. نمونه­ای شامل 100 کشاورز سیب­زمینی کار که در باره ریزغده اطلاعات لازم را کسب کرده بودند انتخاب و به دو گروه پذیرنده و نپذیرنده تقسیم شدند. ابز More
        هدف از این مطالعه بررسی عوامل موثر بر پذیرش ریزغده بذری  سیب­زمینی بود. این پژوهش به روش - پیمایشی انجام گرفت. نمونه­ای شامل 100 کشاورز سیب­زمینی کار که در باره ریزغده اطلاعات لازم را کسب کرده بودند انتخاب و به دو گروه پذیرنده و نپذیرنده تقسیم شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده­ها پرسشنامه بود که روایی آن به وسیله گروهی از متخصصین تایید شد. برای به دست آوردن روایی ابزار  پژوهش، یک مطالعه راهنما انجام شد و مقادیر کرونباخ آلفا بین 87/0-77/0 به دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که سایر کشاورزان به عنوان منبع اصلی اطلاعات پاسخگویان بودند. عملکرد بیشتر، تولید بذور سالم، بازارپسندی و کیفیت بالاتر محصول حاصل از ریزغده بذری  مهم­ترین دلایل پذیرش بودند. نپذیرندگان هزینه بالای ریزغده را  مهم­ترین عامل رد آن ذکر کرده بودند. نتیجه آزمون t نشان داد که پذیرندگان از ماشین آلات و ادوات بیشتری استفاده  می­کردند. نتایج دیگر این تحقیق نشان داد که از میان ویژگی­های واحد زراعی، تعداد قطعات مزارع ملکی تاثیر منفی معنی­داری بر پذیرش داشت. در مقابل، اندازه مزارع ملکی و سطح زیر کشت سیب زمینی ملکی تاثیر مثبت معنی­داری بر پذیرش داشتند. در بین خصوصیات فردی، سطح تحصیلات و تعداد اعضای با سواد خانوار دارای تاثیر مثتب ولی، سن و تجربه زراعی کشاورزان دارای تاثیر منفی بر پذیرش ریزغده بذری سیب زمینی بودند. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        75 - تکنیک‌های زراعی، چالش‌های محیطی و کارایی فنی تولید سیب‌زمینی شیرین در ایالت آبیا در نیجریه
        نمدی اهریم گلوری بن چندو استفن اونیوگوچا اوبون اسین امکا اوسوجو ملیسا اوکوارا
        دستیابی به تولید موفقیت‌آمیز سیب‌زمینی شیرین درصورت استفادة بی‌رویه از نهاده‌های کشاورزی دشوار خواهد بود و باعث اتلاف و صدمات زیست‌محیطی خواهد شد هم­چنانکه کشاورزی در ایالت آبیا با این مشکلات مواجه است. مسائل ناشی از مصرف نهاده‌های کشاورزی و پیامدهای آنها برای محیط More
        دستیابی به تولید موفقیت‌آمیز سیب‌زمینی شیرین درصورت استفادة بی‌رویه از نهاده‌های کشاورزی دشوار خواهد بود و باعث اتلاف و صدمات زیست‌محیطی خواهد شد هم­چنانکه کشاورزی در ایالت آبیا با این مشکلات مواجه است. مسائل ناشی از مصرف نهاده‌های کشاورزی و پیامدهای آنها برای محیط زیست نیازمند مطالعه‌ای بر روی شیوه‌های زراعی مناسب و کارایی فنی مزرعه‌ای برای استفادة بهینه از منابع در تولید سیب زمینی شیرین در ایالت آبیا بود. داده‌های این تحقیق از 156 زارع سیب زمینی شیرین به کمک روش نمونه‌گیری چندمرحله‌ای با استفاده از یک پرسشنامة ساختارمند جمع‌آوری شدند. سپس این اطلاعات توسط آمار توصیفی مانند میانگین، توزیع فراوانی نسبی و تحلیل مرزی تولید تصادفی تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از کود غیرآلی (378/65 درصد) در سیستم تولید دیم با استفاده از سوزاندن مکرر بته‌ها (67/66 درصد) و استفاده از مقادیر پایین آهک (8/5 درصد) رایج‌ترین شیوه‌های زراعی هستند که نتایجی چون آبشویی، شکنندگی خاک، فرسایش، سیلاب و اسیدی شدن خاک را در پی دارد. کشت مختلط (46/63 درصد) با ارقام بهبودیافته‌ای چون TIS 8164 (2/71 درصد) و TIS 0087 (1/64 درصد) اقداماتی برای مقابله‌ با برخی چالش‌های زیست‌محیطی‌اند. برآورد درست‌نمایی بیشینه (MLE) حاکی از بازده به مقیاس 236/0 است که در حال کاهش می‌باشد. این موضوع نشان می‌دهد که افزایش اندازة مزرعه و مصرف کود می‌تواند به شکل معنی‌داری به ترتیب باعث افزایش متناسب کمتر از 06538/0 و 08142/0 در خروجی سیب زمینی شیرین بشود یا می‌توان آن را با بهرة روی سرمایة استقراضی به اندازة‌کمتر از 004138/0 کاهش دهد. گاما (0403/0) کمتر از واحد و در سطح p < 0.05 معنی‌دار بود که نشان می‌دهد حدود 30/4 درصد ناهمخواهی بین خروجی مشاهده‌شده و خروجی مرزی به خاطر عدم‌کارایی فنی کشاورزان سیب زمینی شیرین بود. ناهمخواهی گسترده در کارایی فنی کشاورزان بین 298/0 درصد تا 4/99 درصد متغیر بود و میانگین 1/47 درصد نشاندهندة نیاز به پر کردن این شکاف است. درنتیجه، به نظر می‌رسد کاهش اندازة خانوار، سابقة کشاورزی و منبع‌یابی مواد گیاهی از NRCRI یا IITA می‌تواند باعث افزایش عدم‌کارایی فنی کشاورزان بشود درحالی‌که این عدم‌کارایی را می‌توان با سن و سطح آموزش رسمی کشاورزان سیب زمینی شیرین در منطقه کاهش داد. به طور کلی، نتایج نشان می‌دهد که کاهش سوزاندن بته‌ها اما افزایش استفاده از آهک در کنار استفاده از افزودنی‌های آلی به خاک و آبیاری اگر با کشاورزان جوان و آموزش‌دیده همراه شود می‌تواند باعث کاهش صدمات زیست‌محیطی و همچنین افزایش کارایی فنی کشاورزان سیب زمینی شیرین در منطقه بشود. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        76 - Effect of Planting Date on the Yield of Potato Cultivars in Chaypareh Region
        حسين قاسمي
        In order to evaluate the effects of planting date and variety on the yield and yield components of potato, an experiment was conducted in Chaypareh region of Khoy in 2008. It was used in factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replicati More
        In order to evaluate the effects of planting date and variety on the yield and yield components of potato, an experiment was conducted in Chaypareh region of Khoy in 2008. It was used in factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications and two factors; the first one , planting date in four levels ( March 5th , April5th , May 5th, and June 5th ); and the second variety in three levels ( Marfona , Agria , and Moren ) were considered. The results showed that the effects of planting date and variety on plant height, number of leaves and branches per plant, number of tuber per plant and their sizes were significant. The maximum tuber yield ( 33.13 ton/ha ) was obtained from planting date of March 5th with Moren variety and Marfona ( 33.13 ton/ha ) with planting date April5th, did not have significant difference. Therefore, Moren Variety due to long growing season and high costs are not suitable , on the other hand, Marfona variety with planting date in April 5th is recommended for Chaypareh region of Khoy. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        77 - Antifungal activity of five medical herbs on the plant pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani
        Maryam Foroughi Sedigheh Mohammadi Abdollah Ghasemi
        Background and Objectives: Rhizoctonia canker, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is found in growing potato fields. Since there is no commercial resistance cultivar, the tubers are sterilized with systemic fungicides. However, because of environmental damages, scientist att More
        Background and Objectives: Rhizoctonia canker, caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is found in growing potato fields. Since there is no commercial resistance cultivar, the tubers are sterilized with systemic fungicides. However, because of environmental damages, scientist attempts to replace the chemical agent with the most environmentally friendly compounds. This study was aimed to evaluate antifungal activity of five medical herbs against Rhizoctonia solani. Material and Methods: The study aimed to investigate antifungal effects of five native plants (Satureja bachtiarica, Zataria Multifera, Achillea millefolium, Ziziphora clinopodioides and Thymus daenensis) on Rhizoctonia canker. After collection of the plants from Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, they were cleaned (washing and drying) and extracted by ethanol 80%. The antifungal activity was then evaluated using disc diffusion method. Results: The most of extractions showed desirable antifungal effects against Rhizoctonia solani. The widest (18.93 mm) and narrowest (6.66 mm) inhibition hallows were observed when Rhizoctonia solani were exposed to the disks containing extracts of Zataria Multifera and Ziziphora clinopodioides, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results, the extracts isolated from the aforementioned plants are able to inhibit the growth of pathogenic Rhizoctonia solani. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        78 - Genetic diversity and population structure of the bacterial agent of potato soft rot in Iran
        Javad Razmi Heshmat Rahimian Mohsen Mardi Hamid Reza Zamanizadeh
        Background & Objectives: Soft rot is one of the most important bacterial diseases of potato in Iran and the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic diversity of these agents in the main potato- growing regions in Iran.   Mat More
        Background & Objectives: Soft rot is one of the most important bacterial diseases of potato in Iran and the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic diversity of these agents in the main potato- growing regions in Iran.   Materials & Methods: Samples were collected from tubers that were suspected of soft rot disease during harvest. Phenotypic characteristics were assessed by conventional methods. Genetic diversity was determined using genomic fingerprinting techniques. Cluster analysis and population structure analysis were performed by the SplitsTree 4.11.3, Arlequin 3.11 and the STRUCTURE 2.3.4 software.   Results: The study showed a high level of diversity among isolates so that some of them showed phenotypic characteristics that differed from the isolates described in previous studies. Studied isolates were placed into two major groups of Pectobacterium wasabiae and Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. Genomic fingerprinting profiles revealed that the isolates are genetically heterogeneous and classified into three genetic populations. 50.0% of the phenotypic group 1 isolate and 77.3% of the phenotypic group 2 isolates belonged to genetic population 1 and 3, respectively. No correlation was observed between genomic fingerprints, geographic areas, and potato cultivars,  but the genetic distances and the maximum and minimum gene flow were correlated with geographic distance.   Conclusion: According to the results of this study, seed trade may introduce soft rot disease to new territories in the neighboring provinces. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        79 - Evaluation of changes of protein percentage, Lysine and Methionine amino acids in potato genotypes and cultivars
        Mehdi Aghighi Shahverdi سعیده ملکی فراهانی بهنام ممیوند
        It is important to select high yielding and nutritious varieties for potato cultivation. Therefore, an experiment was conducted as randomized complete blocks design (RCBD), with three replications with 15 potato cultivars and 5 potato genotypes (Sprite, Savalan, Satina, More
        It is important to select high yielding and nutritious varieties for potato cultivation. Therefore, an experiment was conducted as randomized complete blocks design (RCBD), with three replications with 15 potato cultivars and 5 potato genotypes (Sprite, Savalan, Satina, Banba, Buren, Sinja, Ausonia, Kosima, Kondor, Fiannee, Granula, Agria, Agta, Miriam, Morene, 397082-2. 397097-2, 396124, 39704515, 396156-5) in Research Farm of University of Mohaghegh Ardabili in 2011. Results showed that plant height, number of tubers, tuber yield, protein yield and yields of lysine and methionine amino acids of genotypes and cultivars were significant at 1% probability level. Savalan cultivar and 396124 and 39704515 genotypes produced highest tubers yield. Protein yield in cultivars, Cosima, Fiannee, Moran and 397082-2 genotype, and the yield of Lysine amino acid in 397082-2 genotype and the yield of Methionine amino acid in Cosima cultivar were the highest. Cluster analysis of genotypes and cultivars in regard to protein, tuber, Lysine and Methionine amino acids yield classified them into three groups. In this classification, most cultivars and genotypes have a long growth period, also had higher average quantitative and qualitative characteristics optimal. Overall Savalan, Cosima, Fiannee, Moran, Ausonia cultivars and 397097-2 and 39704515 genotypes were selected as superior varieties for production in this area and similar climate conditions. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        80 - Effect of urea fertilizer application rate on nitrogen uptake and allocation and protein content in of potato
        Mahdi AghighiSahverdi Ahmad Tobeh hedieh mosanaiey
        In order to investigate the effect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen uptake and allocation to different organs of the plant, especially the tubers, nitrate accumulation and protein yield in potato tuber, during the four-year an experiment implemente More
        In order to investigate the effect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen uptake and allocation to different organs of the plant, especially the tubers, nitrate accumulation and protein yield in potato tuber, during the four-year an experiment implemented in Agricultural Research Station of Mohaghegh Ardabil University in randomized complete block design with three replications. Factor studied in this experiment was different levels of nitrogen included 0, 80, 160 and 200 kg N ha from urea source. The results showed that application of 160 kg nitrogen per hectare had the highest rates for fresh tuber yield, percentage and yield protein. With increasing of levels of fertilizer from zero to 200 kg per hectare were observed increasing in the characteristics of tuber and shoot nitrogen percentage, nitrogen uptake in tubers, shoots and total plant and nitrate accumulation in dry and fresh matter, so that the characters was lowest in non-fertilizer and application of 200 kg fertilizer was highest value and the highest group statistically. The highest tuber yields (31.49 ton.ha-1) and protein yield (467.95 kg.ha-1) were achived in the first and fourth year, respectively. In general, excessive increase of more than optimal nitrogen in the soil cause reduces the yield of potatoes and also by reducing the amount of protein increases the accumulation of nitrates in tuber and is caused a drop in product quality. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        81 - Study of weed emergence pattern at potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Ardabil region
        Afshar Azadbakht Mohammadtaghi Alebrahim Hamid Reza Mohammadduost Chamanabad Akbar Ghavidel حسین کربلایی خیاوی
        The present experiment in order to determine the pattern of weed emergence in potatoes was conducted in 2014- 2015 at two places in agricultural research stations Alarogh and Samian in the city of Ardabil- Iran. Each week after potatoes planting emergence weeds in the c More
        The present experiment in order to determine the pattern of weed emergence in potatoes was conducted in 2014- 2015 at two places in agricultural research stations Alarogh and Samian in the city of Ardabil- Iran. Each week after potatoes planting emergence weeds in the constant sampling units inside the plots were transported to the laboratory in order to count and separation based on the results of this research, sampled weeds included 10 species and 7 families the highest germination and emergence of weeds occurred on average in 2-4 weeks after potatoes planting that's mean after receiving the 137 to 329 degree-days growth By potato in Samian station and 105 to 254 degree day in Alarogh station but the highest weed density in both stations Alarogh and Samian belonging to the species of Amaranth and after the amaranth in Samian station the highest density belong to the mustard compared to other weeds but also in this test, like amaranth, the lambs quarters in the third week belongs to the highest germination and density and declined from the third week onwards germination of this species. Green foxtail weed density in both studied stations had the highest rates in the third and fourth weeks equivalent to receiving the 233 to 329 degree day for Samian station and 177 to 254 degree day for Alarogh station but perennial weeds, field bindweed maintaining an emergence almost in the entire period... Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        82 - Effects of Active Packaging Based on Potato Starch/Nano Zinc Oxide/Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Miller) Essential Oil on Fresh Pistachio during Cold Storage
        Hamid Babapour Hossein Jalali Abdorreza Mohammadi Nafchi Maryam Jokar
        10.22034/jon.2022.1941353.1129
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        83 - محمدرضا بهرامجردی
        محمدرضا بهرامجردی
        To obtain the optimum N fertilizer amounts, sources and timing for potato, we conducted an experiment in split plot-factorial form based on randomized complete block designs with 3 replicates in Jiroft city, located in the south of Kerman Province, Iran. In this stud More
        To obtain the optimum N fertilizer amounts, sources and timing for potato, we conducted an experiment in split plot-factorial form based on randomized complete block designs with 3 replicates in Jiroft city, located in the south of Kerman Province, Iran. In this study, we took into account N sources for the main plots and N fertilizer amount and time for the subplots. As to the N fertilizer consumption timings and the levels, T1 stands for the total consumption of N fertilizer during cultivation, T2 for consumption of N at cultivation and the remaining simultaneous with the beginning of flowering and T3 for of N consumption at planting, of N consumption coincided with the soil hilling and at the same time as flowering; N rates were of the levels R1:150, R2:200 and R3:250 kg/ha. Sources were considered to be of two levels: S1=urea and S2-ammonium sulfate. According to our results, treatments were significantly different with regard to yields so as to obtain the highest yield from R3 treatment consumption at the rate 26.72 ton/ha, which statistically had no particular difference from R2 treatment with a rate of 23.86 ton/ha. In addition, the highest yield was obtained from the time T2 with the rate 30.83 ton/ha and from the source S1 the highest yield was 27.38 ton/ ha. Regarding such results, the highest yield belonged to the treatment R2S1T2. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        84 - بررسی عملکرد غده سیب زمینی به میزان مصرف نیتروژن و فسفر در جیرفت
        مهدی ثباتی گاوگانی
        سیب زمینی یکی از گیاهان مهم زراعی جهان محسوب می شود. این گیاه از نظر میزان مصرف در سطح جهان بعد از برنج و گندم در جایگاه سوم قرار دارد، به همین دلیل این گیاه جزو گیاهان حافظ امنیت غذایی محسوب می شود. حاصلخیزی کم خاک مهمترین محدودیت برای تولید سیب زمینی است. کشاورزان بای More
        سیب زمینی یکی از گیاهان مهم زراعی جهان محسوب می شود. این گیاه از نظر میزان مصرف در سطح جهان بعد از برنج و گندم در جایگاه سوم قرار دارد، به همین دلیل این گیاه جزو گیاهان حافظ امنیت غذایی محسوب می شود. حاصلخیزی کم خاک مهمترین محدودیت برای تولید سیب زمینی است. کشاورزان باید با استفاده از کودهای معدنی که بهره وری خاک را اصلاح می کند، با این مشکل مقابله کنند. استفاده از مقدار مناسب کود NP عامل اصلی در تولید سیب زمینی است. یک آزمایش مزرعه ای در فصل زراعی اصلی 1401 و 1402 برای بررسی میزان بهینه NP بر عملکرد غده سیب زمینی در منطقه جیرفت، در مزرعه انجام شد. تیمارها شامل چهار سطح نیتروژن (0، 46، 92، 138 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و سه سطح فسفر (0، 46، 69 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار ترکیب شدند. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که استفاده از 92 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار در جیرفت توصیه می شود. حتی اگر کاربرد P بر عملکرد غده سیب زمینی تأثیری نداشته باشد، باید 23 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود فسفر برای حفظ حاصلخیزی خاک استفاده شود. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        85 - تأثیر مقادیر مختلف فسفر و نیتروژن بر عملکرد غده و صفات زراعی سیب زمینی
        مجید زاهدی دهنوئی حسن سرحدی مهدی ثباتی گاوگانی
        سیب زمینی یکی از مهم ترین محصولات زراعی در جهان است. این گیاه پس از برنج و گندم در رتبه سوم مصرف در جهان قرار دارد به همین دلیل این گیاه یکی از گیاهان حافظ امنیت غذایی محسوب می شود. حاصلخیزی پایین خاک مهمترین محدودیت برای تولید سیب زمینی است. کشاورزان باید با استفاده از More
        سیب زمینی یکی از مهم ترین محصولات زراعی در جهان است. این گیاه پس از برنج و گندم در رتبه سوم مصرف در جهان قرار دارد به همین دلیل این گیاه یکی از گیاهان حافظ امنیت غذایی محسوب می شود. حاصلخیزی پایین خاک مهمترین محدودیت برای تولید سیب زمینی است. کشاورزان باید با استفاده از کودهای معدنی که بهره وری خاک را بهبود می بخشد، با این مشکل مقابله کنند. استفاده از مقدار مناسب کود NP عامل اصلی در تولید سیب زمینی است. آزمایش مزرعه ای در فصل زراعی اصلی 1401 و 1402 به منظور بررسی میزان بهینه NP بر عملکرد غده سیب زمینی در منطقه جیرفت انجام شد. تیمارهای شامل چهار سطح نیتروژن (0، 46، 92، 138 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و سه سطح فسفر (0، 46، 69 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار ترکیب شدند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که استفاده از 92 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار در جیرفت توصیه می شود. حتی اگر کاربرد فسفر بر عملکرد غده سیب زمینی تأثیری نداشته باشد، برای حفظ حاصلخیزی خاک باید 23 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود فسفر استفاده شود. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        86 - تأثیر تاریخ و عمق کاشت بر عملکرد ارقام سیب زمینی در کشت زمستانه در منطقه جیرفت
        محمد رضا بهرام جردی غلامعباس محمدی
        https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.10423048
        به منظور بررسی تأثیر تاریخ های مختلف کاشت زمستانه در دو عمق کاشت بر ویژگی های عملکرد ارقام سیب زمینی، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 96-96 در مزرعه آموزشی و پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد جیرفت در سال 1396 انجام شد. به صورت کرت های دوتایی در قالب بلوک های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکر More
        به منظور بررسی تأثیر تاریخ های مختلف کاشت زمستانه در دو عمق کاشت بر ویژگی های عملکرد ارقام سیب زمینی، آزمایشی در سال زراعی 96-96 در مزرعه آموزشی و پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد جیرفت در سال 1396 انجام شد. به صورت کرت های دوتایی در قالب بلوک های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار اجرا شد. عامل اصلی رقم (بامبو، کلمبو و سانته)، زیر عامل عمق کاشت (10 و 20 سانتی متر) و فرعی تاریخ کاشت (21 آذر، 10 و 30 دی) بود. نتایج نشان داد که تاریخ کاشت دی و بهمن از نظر عملکرد کل، عملکرد غده های بزرگ (بزرگتر از 55 میلی متر)، غده های بذری (35-55 میلی متر) و غده های کوچک (کوچکتر از 35 میلی متر) برتری دارند. در مقایسه با تاریخ کاشت در دسامبر قابل توجه است. با افزایش عمق کاشت از 10 به 20 سانتی متر، عملکرد کل و عملکرد غده های بزرگ به طور معنی داری افزایش یافت و در سایر موارد تفاوت معنی داری مشاهده نشد. مقدار عملکرد کل 40.39 تن در هکتار و عملکرد غده درشت 27.84 تن در هکتار در رقم بامبو با اختلاف آماری معنی دار بیشتر از دو رقم دیگر بود. بررسی رشد و نمو گیاهان نشان داد که اولین زمان تشکیل غده در گیاهان در آذرماه و آخرین زمان تشکیل غده در گیاهان در آذرماه کشت بوده است. تعداد ساقه های هوایی در گیاهان کشت شده در آذرماه نیز کمتر از گیاهان دی ماه بود. همچنین کشت آذرماه منجر به برداشت زودرس نشد. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        87 - بررسی عملکرد غده سیب زمینی به میزان مصرف نیتروژن و فسفر در جیرفت
        مهدی ثباتی گاوگانی
        https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.10535596
        سیب زمینی یکی از گیاهان مهم زراعی جهان محسوب می شود. این گیاه از نظر میزان مصرف در سطح جهان بعد از برنج و گندم در جایگاه سوم قرار دارد، به همین دلیل این گیاه جزو گیاهان حافظ امنیت غذایی محسوب می شود. حاصلخیزی کم خاک مهمترین محدودیت برای تولید سیب زمینی است. کشاورزان بای More
        سیب زمینی یکی از گیاهان مهم زراعی جهان محسوب می شود. این گیاه از نظر میزان مصرف در سطح جهان بعد از برنج و گندم در جایگاه سوم قرار دارد، به همین دلیل این گیاه جزو گیاهان حافظ امنیت غذایی محسوب می شود. حاصلخیزی کم خاک مهمترین محدودیت برای تولید سیب زمینی است. کشاورزان باید با استفاده از کودهای معدنی که بهره وری خاک را اصلاح می کند، با این مشکل مقابله کنند. استفاده از مقدار مناسب کود NP عامل اصلی در تولید سیب زمینی است. یک آزمایش مزرعه ای در فصل زراعی اصلی 1401 و 1402 برای بررسی میزان بهینه NP بر عملکرد غده سیب زمینی در منطقه جیرفت، در مزرعه انجام شد. تیمارها شامل چهار سطح نیتروژن (0، 46، 92، 138 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و سه سطح فسفر (0، 46، 69 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار ترکیب شدند. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که استفاده از 92 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار در جیرفت توصیه می شود. حتی اگر کاربرد P بر عملکرد غده سیب زمینی تأثیری نداشته باشد، باید 23 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود فسفر برای حفظ حاصلخیزی خاک استفاده شود. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        88 - تاثیر مقادیر مختلف فسفر و نیتروژن بر عملکرد غده و صفات زراعی سیب زمینی
        مجید زاهدی دهنوئی حسن سرحدی مهدی ثباتی گاوگانی
        https://zenodo.org/DOI/10.5281/ZENODO.10277985
        سیب زمینی یکی از گیاهان مهم زراعی جهان محسوب می شود. این گیاه از نظر میزان مصرف در سطح جهان بعد از برنج و گندم در جایگاه سوم قرار دارد، به همین دلیل این گیاه جزو گیاهان حافظ امنیت غذایی محسوب می شود. حاصلخیزی کم خاک مهمترین محدودیت برای تولید سیب زمینی است. کشاورزان بای More
        سیب زمینی یکی از گیاهان مهم زراعی جهان محسوب می شود. این گیاه از نظر میزان مصرف در سطح جهان بعد از برنج و گندم در جایگاه سوم قرار دارد، به همین دلیل این گیاه جزو گیاهان حافظ امنیت غذایی محسوب می شود. حاصلخیزی کم خاک مهمترین محدودیت برای تولید سیب زمینی است. کشاورزان باید با استفاده از کودهای معدنی که بهره وری خاک را اصلاح می کند، با این مشکل مقابله کنند. استفاده از مقدار مناسب کود NP عامل اصلی در تولید سیب زمینی است. یک آزمایش مزرعه ای در فصل زراعی اصلی 1401 و 1402 برای بررسی میزان بهینه NP بر عملکرد غده سیب زمینی در منطقه جیرفت، در مزرعه انجام شد. تیمارها شامل چهار سطح نیتروژن (0، 46، 92، 138 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و سه سطح فسفر (0، 46، 69 کیلوگرم در هکتار) به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار ترکیب شدند. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که استفاده از 92 کیلوگرم نیتروژن در هکتار در جیرفت توصیه می شود. حتی اگر کاربرد P بر عملکرد غده سیب زمینی تأثیری نداشته باشد، باید 23 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود فسفر برای حفظ حاصلخیزی خاک استفاده شود. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        89 - Survey Changes of Nitrate and Tuber Production of Potato under Integrated Management of Manure and Chemical Fertilizer in Different Locations of Isfahan, Iran
        MOHAMMAD ABDOLLAHI NASER LATIFI MOHAMAD REZA DADASHI
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        90 - The Effect of Crop Rotation on the Diversity and Abundance of Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Potato Fields
        ESMAEIL MAHMOUDI ALIREZA JALALIZAND SHAHRBANOO JAHANGIRI
        10.30486/roce.2022.697320
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        91 - Effect of Vermicompost Fertilizer on Quantitative Characteristics of Potato
        S. H. Y MAHMOODI NEZHAD DEZFULL G. SOLTANI KAZAMI A. SAADI ALKASIR
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        92 - Allelopathical weed control in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
        A. jahedi
        Application of allelopathic plants for the control of weeds in many crops has been proved. This field study was conducted for two years (2001-2002) at Hamadan agricultural research center. Experiments were a factorial design based on randomized complete block with 8 tre More
        Application of allelopathic plants for the control of weeds in many crops has been proved. This field study was conducted for two years (2001-2002) at Hamadan agricultural research center. Experiments were a factorial design based on randomized complete block with 8 treatments and 4 replications. Three crops (Brassica napus, Vicea sativa, Secal cereal) as allelopathical crops were cultivated by alone, double and treble at autumn season and as green manure, mixed with soil at spring, and then a week after, potato (Agria) was planted in plots. Results showed that, there were significant differences in all measured parameters include of fresh weight of cover crops (g/m2 ), fresh weight of weeds  (g/m2 ), number of weeds per square meter and potato yield (t/ha). S. cereal treatment has the highest fresh weight between cover crops. All of treatments could reduce number and weight in weeds at comparison with check treatments (without cover crop). Yield of potato increased by 40% in top treatment (S. cereal) in comparison with check treat. The final results revealed that, the allelophathical plants as cover crops, before potato, not only increases yield, but also decrease weed population in potato field without usage of herbicides. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        93 - The effects of plant density and nitrogen fertilizer amounts as top dressing on yield of potato at Damavand region
        A. Roozbahani M. M. Mirzaei
        This study was carried out in 2004 in Damavand region to evaluate the effect of plant density and nitrogen fertilizer amounts as top dressing on yield and yield components of potato (Agria cultivar) on a split plot design of the study comprised of  randomized compl More
        This study was carried out in 2004 in Damavand region to evaluate the effect of plant density and nitrogen fertilizer amounts as top dressing on yield and yield components of potato (Agria cultivar) on a split plot design of the study comprised of  randomized complete blocks design with four replications. In this experiment, plant densities (7.97, 5.29 and 3.32 plant /m) and nitrogen fertilizer amounts (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg urea/ha) were levels of main plot and sub plot respectively. Characteristics such as number of tuber per plant, average tuber weight, weight of tubers per plant, tuber yield (t/ha) and dry matter percentage after harvesting were recorded and statistically analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences between plant densities and nitrogen fertilizer levels for all traits(Duncan 1%). Means comparison showed that density of 5.29 plants per square meter and fertilizer levels (200 and 300 kg urea/ ha) from the point of view of all traits were superior to the others. Also interaction effects of plant density and nitrogen fertilizer statistically were significant for all characteristics. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        94 - Assessment of Planting Distribution Effects and Phosphorus Rate on Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Agronomic Characteristics and Yield in Freidan Region (Esfahan)
        H. Turajzadeh M. R. Naderi Darbaghshahi A. Soleimani A. R. Golparvar
             In order to evaluate of the planting distribution effects and phosphorus rate on potato agronomic characteristics and yield, this study was conducted in an agricultural research farm, located in Freidan, in the province of Isfahan in 2009-2010. More
             In order to evaluate of the planting distribution effects and phosphorus rate on potato agronomic characteristics and yield, this study was conducted in an agricultural research farm, located in Freidan, in the province of Isfahan in 2009-2010. The study was conducted in the form of strip plots designed as randomized complete blocks with four replications. The horizontal factor included four different planting distribution styles of single rows, double rows, zigzag, and three rows with respective planting densities of 5.3, 6.6, 6.6 and 8 per m2. The vertical factor included four different levels of phosphorus, including controls,10 percent, 20 percent and 30 percent increase in consumption above the recommended level. By reducing the row spacing and increasing density in the three-row planting distribution with 10 percent phosphorus increase, stem height, total air plant weight, leaf area index, number of tubers and tuber yield increased significantly per unit area. The maximum tuber yield equal 53 tons per hectare obtained from treatment of three-row planting distribution+10 percent phosphorus. According to the results, the single-row planting distribution with 10 percent phosphorus produce 38 tons per hectare and larger size tubers would be appropriate in tuber production for domestic consumption and the three row planting distribution with 10 percent phosphorus produce 53 tons per hectare and smaller size tubers would be appropriate in tuber production for seeding purposes in terms similar to those of this research. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        95 - Effect of different level of potassium sulfate and zeolit on yield and yield component of potato in Arak region
        hamid madani reza Hosseinkhani nor ali Sajedi
                To investigate the effects of different levels of potassium sulfate and zeolite on yield and yield component of potato Apria variety, a factorial experiment based on RCBD was conducted with three replications in 2009. It was done on More
                To investigate the effects of different levels of potassium sulfate and zeolite on yield and yield component of potato Apria variety, a factorial experiment based on RCBD was conducted with three replications in 2009. It was done on Moradi farm which was 5 km far from faculty of agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Arak, Factors were considered as three levels of potassium sulfate, 125, 250 and 375 kg/ha, and four levels of zeolite including of zero, 2, 4 and 6 t/ha in Clinoptilolite type. The results showed that application of potassium sulfate and zeolite on all traits at 1% level was significant but interaction effects of potassium fertilizer and zeolite on any of traits were not significant. Increasing the potassium and zeolite levels, traits of main stem number, number of tubers per plant, mean weight of tuber, tuber yield per plant, tuber density, economic yield and total yield increased. The highest average of total yield equal 60.33 t/ha was obtained by 375 kg of potassium sulfate combined with 4 t/ha of zeolite and use of 250 kg.ha-1of potassium sulfate with 4 t/ha of zeolite with average yield 54.72 t/ha in one group were analyzed. Therefore logical that in accordance with local conditions of the experiment consumed 250 kg of potassium sulfate and 4 t/ha zeolite the desired yield is achieved Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        96 - Effect of irrigation intervals, manure and zeolite traits of agronomical and yield of potato varieties Agria
        V. Yarmohammadi N. Sajedi M. Mirzachani
        In order to investigate irrigation intervals  effect of irrigation intervals, manure and zeolite traits of agronomical and yield of potato varieties Agria on experiment was conducted in moradi field in 5km Arak-Farahan in 2010. The exprimental design was split plat More
        In order to investigate irrigation intervals  effect of irrigation intervals, manure and zeolite traits of agronomical and yield of potato varieties Agria on experiment was conducted in moradi field in 5km Arak-Farahan in 2010. The exprimental design was split plat on randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatment applied, including irrigation at three levels 6 days, 8 days and 10 days as main plot and in sub plots treated manure and zeolite four levels include: control (no use of manure and zeolite ), 20 ton/ha of manure + 4 ton/ha of zeolite, 40 ton/ha manure and 8 ton/ha  zeolite. The results showed that application of manure and zeolite on traits of measured at 1% level of probability was significant.with increasing of irrigation in terval from 6 to 8 day, yield reduced by 7/19 % declined. Main effects of manure and zeolite showed the highest tuber yield equivalent of 59/88 ton/ha from 20 ton/ha manure +4 ton/ha zeolite was obtained. Effect of  interaction showed that the highest tuber mean total yield equivalent product 63/6 ton/ha from irrigation six days and application 20 ton/ha manure+4 ton/ha zeolite was obtained that with tretmant of irrigation interval 8 day and application along with 20 ton/ha manure+4ton/ha zeolite was not significantly. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        97 - Evaluation of different watering levels on potato yield
        Elnaz Farajzadeh Memari Tabrizi Mehrdad Yarnia Vahid Ahmadzadeh Nushin Faraj zadeh
              In order to evaluate different levels of irrigation on yield of potato varieties, experimental was done  in Tabriz region during 2009. The experiment was arranged as split-plot based on RCBD with three replications. Treatment was diff More
              In order to evaluate different levels of irrigation on yield of potato varieties, experimental was done  in Tabriz region during 2009. The experiment was arranged as split-plot based on RCBD with three replications. Treatment was different levels of water stress (irrigation after 70, 110 and 150 mm evaporation pan evaporation class A) and five potato cultivars (Agria, Satyna, Savalan, Kaiser and Markis).The results showed that different levels of water in height, number of stems, number of tubers larger than 60 mm, shoots and tuber dry weight, nitrate content in tubers and yield was significant at 1% level. And at 5% level significant were obtained for a percentage of dry matter of tubers. Varieties in height, number of tubers larger than 60 mm, shoot dry weight and yield at 1% and tuber dry weight at 5% level was significant. Also, interactions were significant in height, shoot number and yield at 1% and tuber dry weight 5% level. The highest plant height equivalent was 83 cm by irrigation after 70 mm evaporation from pan evaporation surface was irrigated with 150 mm of water evaporated from the pan surface and the lowest shoot length equal to 49.39% decrease in same Figure has been obtained. Maximum number stem was equivalent 5.497 in cultivar Agria by the control and lowest number stem was 2 numbers in Markis in the control that can be caused by genetic differences. Maximum yield was equivalent 3.598 kg/m2 in Agria by level control and least amount of yield reduction in this equivalent 46.11% by irrigation after 150 mm evaporation from pan evaporation levels are achieved. The purpose of this experimental was the resistance of different varieties of potatoes to different levels on growth and performance. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        98 - Comparison of chemical and biological phosphorus fertilizers in potato
        A. Sefidgaran
        This experiment was conducted to evaluate solublizing bacteria and chemical phosphorus on three varieties of potato.Arandomized complete block design whit a split split plot layout was used in three replication.This investigation was carried out in a farm in Enaj, one o More
        This experiment was conducted to evaluate solublizing bacteria and chemical phosphorus on three varieties of potato.Arandomized complete block design whit a split split plot layout was used in three replication.This investigation was carried out in a farm in Enaj, one of the environs of Arak. The result show that the use of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and its con frontation with other factors, were significantly affected the studied qualities about wet weight a erial part, wet weight of tubers, dry weight of tubers, the phosphorus content of tubers and prominent of baruest. It caused significantly in creasing in yield parameters, especially tubers yield comparing to chemical treatment at 1% level. The result also showed that the interaction effect of phosphate solubizing bacteria and chemical hosphorus, showed significant advantage in qualities of wet weight and dry weight of aerial part, dry weight of tuber, number of main stems per plant, Biomous yield and the phosphorus content per bush at 5%level. There was no significant difference at application treatment of phosphate solublizing bacteria with 75kg of chemical phosphate, in the yield aspect with the application of 15kg chemicalphosphate fertilizer. The results show that the application of chemical phosphorus in the most qualities suchas yield of tuber, the percentage of absorbed phosphorus, phosphate content of bush, dry weight of aerial part and biomas yield. Showed difference at 1% level and lead to the most result. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        99 - A Study of the effect of plant arrangement on the yield and its components of potato cultivar (Lady Rosita and Agria) in Arak
        Shahab Khaghani mohamad ali Moshayedi Shohre Khaghani sepideh Rahmati fatemeh Rajaei
               To study of plant arrangement effect on yield and its components in two cultivars, Agria and Lady Rosita, an experiment was done in Arak Islamic Azad University in 2007. In this study factorial experimented design based on RCBD was used. More
               To study of plant arrangement effect on yield and its components in two cultivars, Agria and Lady Rosita, an experiment was done in Arak Islamic Azad University in 2007. In this study factorial experimented design based on RCBD was used. Factors were considered as cultivation method in 3 levels ( one  rowed with 60 cm width furrow, two rowed with 120 cm with furrow and one rowed with 75 cm width furrow, as ordinary cultivation) and two cultivars of potato (Agria and Lady Rosita) with 3 replications. The result showed that the arrangement of cultivation and cultivar have significant effect on the small glands seed glands average weight and the small glands numbers and edible glands numbers and marketable yield and total yield. The cultivar and arrangement effect on components yield and total yield and marketable yield in surface unit was signification, but in single bush yield the distance between rows that is, Lady Rosita cultivar in 60 cm one rowed arrangement with density of 6.6 bushes in m2 , produced that highest amount of edible glands and seed glands, In Agria cultivar, offer the decreasing distance between rows and increasing that density from 5.3 to 6.6 bush/m2, the highest amount of small glands with the lowest weight in bush was produced, but there was no significant difference in single bush yield. Due to the results of this study, cultivar Lady Rosita with arrangement of 60 cm one rowed (by 6.6 bushes /m2) is suggested for Arak region.  Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        100 - Effect of different levels of zeolite and irrigation interval on yield and some trait of potato
        hamid Madani arash Moghimi nor ali Sajedi
             In order to study  the effect of different levels of zeolite and irrigation interval on yield and yield components of potato var. Sante  an experiment was conducted in strip plot design base on CRB with 4 replications. It was done in r More
             In order to study  the effect of different levels of zeolite and irrigation interval on yield and yield components of potato var. Sante  an experiment was conducted in strip plot design base on CRB with 4 replications. It was done in research field of ArakAzadUniversity during 2009. Treatments were 3 levels of zeolite (0, 1500 and 3000 kg/ha) and 3 irrigation intervals (after 5, 10 and 15 days). The weight of dry matter, LAI, tuber yield, number of tuber per plant and chlorophyll index were studied. The result showed that zeolite application have a significant effect on yield , LAI ,total dry weight but have no significant effect on number of tuber per plant  and amount of chlorophyll index. Using 3000 kg/ha zeolit could increased yield in respect with no zeolit, but has not significant effect on chlorophyll index and number of tuber. Moreover, the irrigation intervals have significant effect on yield, chlorophyll index, number of tuber per plant, leaf area index, total dry weight but the interaction between irrigation and zeolite was not significant in any traits.  Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        101 - Effects of planting date and nitrogen rates on agronomical traits of potato Var Markiz
        N. A. Sajedi S. Sheikhalivand H. Madani H. Safari Kamalabadi
        In order to study of planting date and nitrogen rates on agronomical traits of potato Var Markiz, an experiment was conducted in the farm research station’s of Arak Islamic Azad University, Iran in 2008. The experiment was factorial based on RCBD with four replica More
        In order to study of planting date and nitrogen rates on agronomical traits of potato Var Markiz, an experiment was conducted in the farm research station’s of Arak Islamic Azad University, Iran in 2008. The experiment was factorial based on RCBD with four replications. The treatments composed of planting dates in three time,  21 June, 8 July and 22 July and nitrogen rates in four levels: 46, 80, 115 and 150 kg/ha. Results showed that, that effect of planting dates on  tuber yield was significant. The maximum yield by 19.5 t ha-1 was obtained from 21 June planting date. Interaction of planting date and nitrogen rates on tuber fresh weight, tuber dry weight, number of tubers per plant, number of small and large tubers per plant, diameter size of tuber and tuber yield were significant. The highest yield by 24 t/ha was related to 21 June planting date with 150 kg/ha nitrogen.  Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        102 - Vertical leaf area and dry matter distribution in potato canopy in response to weed competition
        M. R. Haj seyed hadi Gh. Noormohamadi M. Nasiri Mahalati H. Rahimi E. Zand
        To study the competitive effects of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) and lambsquarter (Chenopodium album) on potato, an additive experiment was conducted in the spring of 2004 and 2005 in split-split plot based on randomized complete block design with 4 replicat More
        To study the competitive effects of redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) and lambsquarter (Chenopodium album) on potato, an additive experiment was conducted in the spring of 2004 and 2005 in split-split plot based on randomized complete block design with 4 replications at the Seed Potato Production Station of RAN in Firouzkooh. Treatments were included 2 weed species in main plots (Amaranthus retroflexus and Chenopodium album), weed density in sub plots (2, 4 and 8 plants per meter of row) and relative time of weed emergence in sub-sub plots (8 and 4 days prior to potato and the same time with potato emergence in 2004 and the same time with potato, 2 and 4 weeks after potato in 2005). Results showed increasing weed density resulted in reduction in potato LAI, but leaf area distribution in canopy layers was not affected and maximum LAD was recorded in second layer (20-40 cm) in all treatments. In 2004, redroot pigweed in 2, 4 and 8 plants per meter of row put 29, 42.1 and 44.6 percent of LAI above the potato canopy, respectively. These amounts for lambsquarter were 30.6, 38 and 43 percent. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        103 - Effects of different levels of nitrogen and zeolite on traits qualitative and quantitative of potato in Arak region
        H. Madani A. Farhadi A. Pazoki M. Changizi
        In order to study the effect ofdifferent nitrogen and zeolite levels on qualitative and quantitative traits of potato Lcv. Agria this experiment was carried on factorial design based on CRBD with three replications, on Moradi farm located in 5 km far from Arak, in sprin More
        In order to study the effect ofdifferent nitrogen and zeolite levels on qualitative and quantitative traits of potato Lcv. Agria this experiment was carried on factorial design based on CRBD with three replications, on Moradi farm located in 5 km far from Arak, in spring 2008. Factors were included three levels of nitrogen fertilizer rates (96, 184, 276 kg/ha) and four levels of zeolite rates (0, 2, 4, 6 t/ha). The results showed that consumption of nitrogen sulfate and zeolite was on number of stems per plant, main stem height of the tallest, shoot dry weight, total weight bulb weight; bulb diameter by more than 5.5 cm gland ha in the 1% level of probability was significant. Also, comparison of characteristics indicated that interactions on the total weight of zeolite and nitrogen Drbvth bulb weight, bulb diameter by more than 5.5 cm and bulb yield per unit area was significant. Gland with the highest amount of 276 kg of pure nitrogen and 6 tons of zeolite was 61 t/ha significant difference with the consumption of 184 kg N treatment and six tons of zeolite was not. So with less nitrogen fertilizer consumption to 184 kg/ha can function without a significant reduction in nitrogen fertilizer efficiency will to act. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        104 - Phosphorus solublizing bacteria and zinc sulfate utilization effects on yield and yield components of two potato cultivars in Markazi province environment
        Hamid Madani Iraj Bayat Mehdi Changizi Mojtaba Jalalvandi
        To study the effect of Phosphorus solublizing bacteria (PSB) and zinc sulfate utilization on yield and yield components of potato cultivars this experiment was done in potato fields at Tooreh village in Sarband, Markazi province at 2010. Treatments were consisted of two More
        To study the effect of Phosphorus solublizing bacteria (PSB) and zinc sulfate utilization on yield and yield components of potato cultivars this experiment was done in potato fields at Tooreh village in Sarband, Markazi province at 2010. Treatments were consisted of two potato cultivars “ Agria and Markyz” in main plots and utilization and non utilization of zinc sulfate and with and four levels Phosphorus solublizing bacteria  were in sub plots. Experiment model was spilt factorial in three replicates at 2010. Treatments were two potato cultivars Agria and Markyz, and two levels of Zink foliar application and without and phosphorus utilization in four levels included 100 kg/ha triple super phosphate, Triple super phosphate 100 kg/ha and PSB bacteria, PSB alone, and  50 kg/ha triple super phosphate with PSB. The results showed that the biomass yield, plant height, potato tubers numbers per plant and tuber yield had significant difference by applied experiment treatments. The results also suggest that all potato traits studied were significant advantages compared to Markyz to control. In all cases of PSB utilization with chemical phosphorus fertilizer we observed that potato characteristics were improved. Agria was more sensitive than Markyz about phosphate availability. In low phosphate condition, Markyze potato tubes dry weight was reduced from 81 to 51 g. this changes was from 66 to 54 g for Agria cultivar too. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        105 - Effect of planting time, irrigation method and plant pattern on yield and yield components of potato Varieties in Jiroft, Iran
        Abdol reza Najafi Moosavi
             To find the most suitable planting time, irrigationmethod, plant pattern and their effect on tuber yield of potato varieties,strip split plot experiment was done in a complete randomized block design withthree replicates in Jiroft, Iran in2008-2 More
             To find the most suitable planting time, irrigationmethod, plant pattern and their effect on tuber yield of potato varieties,strip split plot experiment was done in a complete randomized block design withthree replicates in Jiroft, Iran in2008-2009 planting season. Treatments were irrigation method at vertical factorin two level sprinkle and dripping irrigation, planting time an main: horizonin two levels night and day irrigation plant pattern an lateral horizon factorin three level planting row intervals 75cm and plant interval 20cm,planting row intervals 70cm and planting interval 21.5cmandplanting row intervals 65cm and plant interval 23cmand finally potato varieties were lateral factor in two levels, Vergo andSante. Results showed that irrigation method had significant effect on tuberyield and water was efficiency at 0.01 and on tuber number and tuber meanweight at 0.05 also on plant pattern had significant effect. Tuber yield,biomass weight and water use efficiency at 0.01 Variety effect on all elementswas significant at 0.01. Treatment of drip irrigation method had the most tuberyield with 50014 Kg/h which it was more than sprinkle irrigation method with22037 Kg/h. Day irrigationhad more yield in comparison with highirrigation. The treatment of sante variety with trickle and day irrigation andplant pattern of 65×23cm, had the most yield with 5547 kg/h and itis recommended for this region. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        106 - Regulation of Potato Morphogenetic Processes in vitro by Hormonal and Light Actions
        Kuanysh Syman Rauza Turpanova Raissa Utegaliyeva Nazym Bekenova Demeuova Lyazat
        10.22034/jchr.2023.1976716.1666
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        107 - Solid-to-Liquid Extraction for Analysis of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons in Tahdig of Potato by GC/MS: Comparison between Traditional Solvent and Sonication Methodologies
        Kosar Mahmood-babooi Behrouz Akbari-adergani Ali Salehi Parisa Sadighara
        10.22034/jchr.2021.679418
        Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        108 - The effect of mini-tuber size and chemical treatments on breaking seed dormancy of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
        marjaneh Mansur Reza Zarghami Mehrdad Chaichi Mohsen Pourahmadi
        Seed dormancy is one of the important problems among potato minitubers. It decreases the germination percentage by rotting the tubers. To overcome this problem an experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Institute of Hamedan in 2012-2013. The experiments were c More
        Seed dormancy is one of the important problems among potato minitubers. It decreases the germination percentage by rotting the tubers. To overcome this problem an experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Institute of Hamedan in 2012-2013. The experiments were carried out in factorial randomized complete design with two different treatments, the weight of minituber in three levels (1-3 g, 3-5 g and 5-10 g) and chemical treatments in seven levels (no treatment, 150 ppm gibberellic acid in 1 h, 300 ppm gibberellic acid in 1 h, 1% thiourea in 1 h, 0.5% thiourea in 1 h, 45 ml.m-3 carbon disulfide in 24 h, 45 ml.m-3 carbon disulfide in 48 h) with three replications per treatment. The Sante variety was tested for minituber size. After seed dormancy breakage, the days to germination, number of sprouts per minitubers and the sprout diameter were studied and then the mini-tubers were grown in pots. After tuber collection (harvesting), the number of tuber per plant, tuber weight and the total weight of all tubers were measured. We observed the highest stem diameter in 5 – 10 g tubers and the lowest sprout length in 1-3 g tubers. Also, among different breaking seed dormancy treatments, the 45 ml carbon disulfide in 48 h showed the significant increase in sprout length compare to the 45 ml carbon disulfide in 24 h which resulted the highest tuber size and weight. The gibberellic acid (300 ppm) treatment showed the highest number of tubers. The interaction study among treatments showed that, the 45 ml carbon disulfide in 48 h produced tubers with different size and they were high in weight compare to the others.   Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        109 - Review effect of system and different amounts of irrigation water on Yield and Yield Components of Potato Plant
        hossain ardalani hossain Babazadeh
        In order to investigate the effects of irrigation water method and water on yield, yield components and potato water productivity of Satina cultivar, a field experiment was conducted as split plots in randomized complete block design with three replications in Damavand More
        In order to investigate the effects of irrigation water method and water on yield, yield components and potato water productivity of Satina cultivar, a field experiment was conducted as split plots in randomized complete block design with three replications in Damavand city. The treatments consisted of Furrow irrigation (F), Drip irrigation (D), one-row irrigation (T1), Two- row irrigation (T2) and irrigation regimes including 30, 50 and 70% water requirement. Statistical analysis showed that the highest yield was obtained by irrigation (T2) with irrigation with 70% irrigation regime (average 22070 kg.ha) and the lowest yield was obtained by irrigation treatments with one-row and Furrow irrigation treatments with 30% irrigation regime respectively (16200, 16410 kg.ha).The highest productivity was obtained by two-row irrigation (T2) with irrigation regime of 30% (9.8 kg.m3) and the lowest productivity with furrow irrigation with 70% irrigation regime equal 2 kg.m3.The result showed that Two-row strip-irrigation method is recommended with a 70% irrigation regime for potato cultivation. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        110 - The study of growth indices of commercial and conventional potato cultivars in Esfahan region
        Monireh Ranjbar Mahdi Nasr Esfahani Mohammad Mirzakhani
        Potatoes, including products that have important and strategic role in feeding the world and in the world, is considered the importance of the fourth product after wheat, rice and corn. So, study the compatibility condition and phenology of different cultivars of potato More
        Potatoes, including products that have important and strategic role in feeding the world and in the world, is considered the importance of the fourth product after wheat, rice and corn. So, study the compatibility condition and phenology of different cultivars of potato in different climatic regions of our country (IRAN) is important. In order to assessment the study of growth indices of commercial and conventional potato cultivars in Esfahan region this study was carried out in field Falavarjan university in Esfahan province in 2010. A randomized complete block design with forth replications. The treatement were included 11 cultivars of commercial and conventional potato. Each plot consisted 4 rows, 6 m long with 75 cm between rows and 25 cm between plants on the rows. In this study growth indices such as: Total Dry Weight, Leaf Area Index, Crop Growth Rate, Relative Growth Rate. Net Assimilation Rate and Leaf Area Rate, Special Leaf Area and Leaf Area Duration were assessed. Results showed that all cultivars have Significant different at the 1% probability levels in all of growth indices. Results indicated that Cosima variety with leaf area index (5.23) and Sante variety with leaf area index (3.07) were significantly superior to the other cultivars. The purpose of this study, evaluate the phenology of potato cultivars in Esfahan region. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        111 - Evaluation of agronomic characteristics of Potato under water deficit stress conditions using line-source sprinkler irrigation method and potassium fertilizer amounts
        علیرضا Sobhani S.A Rzavi حسن Hamidi حمید Tajali
        In order to investigate the agronomic characteristics of Potato under water deficit stress conditions using line-source sprinkler irrigation method and potassium fertilizer amounts an experiment was done in Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Cent More
        In order to investigate the agronomic characteristics of Potato under water deficit stress conditions using line-source sprinkler irrigation method and potassium fertilizer amounts an experiment was done in Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center during 2015-2016 as split plot design based on completely randomized blocks design. Water deficit levels at 0.75m from line-source (control), at 3.75m from line source (very light), at 6.75m from line-source (light), at 9.75m from line-source (severe deficit), at 12.75m from line source (very severe deficit) were considered as main factor and potassium levels included 0, 90, 180, and 270 kg.ha-1 K2O were as subfactor. Studied traits were included, tuber yield, percent of small, medium and big tuber yield, number of tuber per plant, average of tuber weight, plant height and stem number per plant. The results showed that water deficit stress levels had significant effects on total traits and potassium nutrition levels had same effects except percent of small and medium tuber yield and stem number per plant. Higher water deficit levels significantly decreased the tuber yield, tuber number per plant and average of tuber weight that in very severe deficit these traits reduced 92.29, 84.32, and 53.81 percent respectively. The highest tuber yield (17.92 ton.ha-1), tuber number per plant (7.94) and average of tuber weight (38.73 g) resulted in 270 kg.ha-1 K2O. The highest and lowest tuber yields were in control with 270 kg.ha-1 K2O and very severe deficit with 0 kg.ha-1 K2O. Manuscript profile

Sanad

Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications

Links

Related Centers

Technical Support

Official pages

The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024

Home| Login| About Us| Contact Us|
[فارسی] [العربية] [fa] [ar]