مادران

Open Access Article

1 - The Effects of Mothers' Employment the Cultural Intelligence of High School Students in Isfahan
Mansour Haghighatian Nasreen Aghaee

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Evaluation of Antibacterial Effects of Yarrow Hydroalcoholic Extract on Salmonella with Aminoglycoside Resistance Gene Isolated from Dogs with diarrhea
ابوالفضل Solyemani asl مریم Karimi-Dehkordi

Salmonella is one of the leading causes of foodborne illness and serious health concerns worldwide. The high Prevalence of Salmonella is one of the problems in the livestock industry. Due to the prevalence of resistance to antibiotics, in this study we evaluated the an More

Salmonella is one of the leading causes of foodborne illness and serious health concerns worldwide. The high Prevalence of Salmonella is one of the problems in the livestock industry. Due to the prevalence of resistance to antibiotics, in this study we evaluated the antibacterial effects of Yarrow hydroalcoholic extract on Salmonella with antibiotic resistance gene isolated from diarrhea dogs. For this purpose, fecal samples of 83 dogs with diarrhea were immediately cultured by swap in differential media. After confirmation of Salmonella isolates in both molecular and microbial methods, the presence of aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac (3) -IIa and aac (3) -Ia) was investigated. The antibacterial effect of yarrow extract and MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) was investigated. Finally, the results were analyzed in SPSS 20 software. The results of the present study showed that the prevalence of Salmonella bacteria in the fecal sample of diarrhea dogs was 8.5%.In the MIC study among the measured groups, the lowest inhibitory concentration in mg/ml for strains with aac (3) -Ia, aac (3) -IIa, aac (3) -Ia + aac (3) -IIa and isolates without resistance genes were 78.2±66.3, 46.9±22.1, 62.5 and 93.8±44.2, respectively. No significant differences were observed between these groups (p>0.05). Due to the fact that yarrow has different compounds that can have a strong effect on the inhibition of various microorganisms. Therefore, choosing the right treatment strategies such as the use of medicinal plants like yarrow can play an effective role in reducing the prevalence and epidemic of bacterial diseases. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - اثرات ضد ‌قارچی عصاره‌های گیاهی بابونه و بومادران در کنترل آلودگی تخم ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان با قارچ ساپرولگنیا پارازیتیکا
حسین امیری سعید مشکینی

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Comparative study of pregnancy in fasting and non-fasting women Attending Health care and Treatment centers of Qom medical sciences university
ملیحه مهرمنش

Introduction Fasting is one of the most important worshipers of Islam. Although pregnant women, and brest-feeding women, and those who may be sick or on a journey,… are exempted from the duty of fasting, some of them do so willing and eagerly. Considering the imp More

Introduction Fasting is one of the most important worshipers of Islam. Although pregnant women, and brest-feeding women, and those who may be sick or on a journey,… are exempted from the duty of fasting, some of them do so willing and eagerly. Considering the importance of nutrition during pregnancy in the health of the fetus and mother, the purpose of this study was to compare the pregnancy status in fasting and non-fasting pregnant women. Method The present research was cohort study.84 pregnant women were put into 2 groups of second Trimester (21 women) and third Trimester (21 women), and non –fasting pregnant women were second Trimester(21 women)and third Trimester (21women).Sampling was performed randomly ,gradually. Data was collected by,examination ,and interview, and then they were analyzed by SPSS. Results The results showed that the anemia of fasting and non-fasting pregnant mothers was not statistically significant in the second and third trimester of pregnancy. There was not statistically significant difference between normal weight gain during pregnancy among fasting pregnant and non-fasting pregnant women in the second and third trimester of gestation. Fasting in Pregnant women in the second and third trimester of pregnancy have no effect on the pregnancy status (normal weight gain during pregnancy and maternal anemia Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - بررسی جامعه شناختی تاثیر تغییرات سبک زندگی بر معنا بخشی به زندگی
لیلا زارعلی منصور حقیقتیان سید ناصر حجازی

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - بررسی جامعه شناختی تاثیر تغییرات سبک زندگی بر معنا بخشی به زندگی
لیلا زارعلی منصور حقیقتیان سید ناصر حجازی

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Comparison of the effect of family resiliency training and selected sports exercises (Qigong exercises) on depression of mothers of children with cancer
Omm-e Leyli Saeedpanah

AbstractDiagnosis of cancer in children is considered as a psychological and emotional crisis for parents, especially mothers, as the main elements in providing services and care. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of family resilience education More

AbstractDiagnosis of cancer in children is considered as a psychological and emotional crisis for parents, especially mothers, as the main elements in providing services and care. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of family resilience education and selected sports exercises qigong) on mothers of cancer child due to depression.The present research method was quasi-experimental (pre-test-post-test) using two experimental groups and a control group. 45 mothers with cancer children in Tabriz Children's Hospital in April 2022 who had 1 standard deviation above the average in the Beck Depression Inventory were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental groups (15 people) and a control group (15 people). For the first group of family resilience training) 9 sessions; One-hour sessions per week) and for the second group qigong exercises (9 sessions; one-week sessions, 30 to 40 minutes) were performed, and the control group did not receive any training. All subjects filled out the Beck Depression Inventory (short form) before and after the training. Univariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data.The results showed that the mean scores of depression of mothers with cancer children in the family resilience training group compared to the qigong training group and in the qigong training group compared to the control group in the post-test decreased significantly (p <0.05).The results showed that family resilience education is more effective in reducing depression in mothers with children with cancer than qigong exercises. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Simulation of the interaction of the enzyme Fumarate reductase with Nizatidine and comparison with the inhibitory effect some Yarrow compounds of the plant to enhance the effects of Metronidazole on Helicobacter pylori in Insilico
khadijeh tavakoli hafshejani ali kazemi babahydari afsaneh nikkhah

Helicobacter pylorus is a spiral-shaped bacterium that is Microaerophilic and gastric ulcer and gastritis is still a major factor. Fumarat reductase (FRD), a key enzyme in the anaerobic respiration Helicobacter pylori. Recently, the effect of some medications, includin More

Helicobacter pylorus is a spiral-shaped bacterium that is Microaerophilic and gastric ulcer and gastritis is still a major factor. Fumarat reductase (FRD), a key enzyme in the anaerobic respiration Helicobacter pylori. Recently, the effect of some medications, including drug nizatidine inhibit FRD activity in H. pylori has been shown to inhibit cell growth and leads to cell death The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial effects of compounds on enzyme FRD yarrow plant molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations are used. For this purpose, three-dimensional structure of compounds taken yarrow and optimized with Gaussian software and how to connect the components (energy connection) FRD enzyme was determined after modeling three-dimensional structure of the enzyme with the application Mdlr (Modeller10.14) and to evaluate and compare the results of yarrow compounds bind to the enzyme FRD of Nizatidine drug that has proven its effectiveness on FRD were used in docking studies and then yarrow compounds, three compounds had the highest binding energy for molecular dynamics simulations on FRD were selected enzymes. Complex molecular dynamics simulations using the best connection from docking were obtained after 10 nanoseconds of simulation showed that the calculated root mean square displacement (RMSD) fumarate reductase enzyme backbone of the entire simulation is almost homogenous. Indicating that the enzyme was stable during the simulation; Calculation distance of the center of gravity low thymol also stated that the distance between the three combined to better the enzyme's effect. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Achillea wilhelmsii
N. Baladi G.R. Zarei V. Zeighamian

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - The Comparison of the Effect of Individual and Group Parenting Skills Training on Mothersâ Life Satisfaction
himeyra alnandi aboolghasem nouri

The present study aimed to compare the effect of individual and group parenting skills training on life mothers’ life satisfaction. The research used a quasi-experimental design with pretest- posttest method. The population included 2112 mothers with children less More

The present study aimed to compare the effect of individual and group parenting skills training on life mothers’ life satisfaction. The research used a quasi-experimental design with pretest- posttest method. The population included 2112 mothers with children less than 12 years old under the support of health and therapeutic center in the city of Lenjan. The sample consisted of 60 mothers who were selected randomly and then randomly assigned into three groups twenty each. One group received parenting skills training individually and the other group received group training, while the third group received no training. Our research tool was the Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (Diener, 1985). To analyze data, analysis of covariance was used. The results showed that the groups who received training were significantly different in the post-test compared to pre-test regarding parenting style (P<0.05). Also, the difference between the two groups who received training was not significantly different in the post-test compared to pre-test. (P>0.05). Therefore, the effect of individual and group parenting skills training on mothers’ life satisfaction was similar. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - The effect of resilience and psychological hardiness on mental health of mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Masood Sadeghi Tahere Rahimipour حسین علی محمدی

The goal of the study was to investigate the effect of resilience and psychological hardiness on mental health of mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to determine the contribution of each of the predicting variables in predicting More

The goal of the study was to investigate the effect of resilience and psychological hardiness on mental health of mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to determine the contribution of each of the predicting variables in predicting mental health. The statistical population of this descriptive-correlation study included all the mothers who consecutively referred to the child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of shahid Modares, Noor, Farabi & shahid Rajaii hospitals in Isfahan city that had at least one child with clinically diagnosed ADHD, aged between 6 to 12 years old. 141 mothers were selected through convenience sampling method. Research tools included the questionnaire of Goldberg & Hillier’s General Health (1979), Connor & Davidson’s resilience (2003) and Kobasa’s Hardiness (1982). Stepwise multiple regression analysis used for statistical analysis. The research results showed that hardiness and resilience were able to predict mental health significantly (p<0.001). In this research resilience was the best predictor of mental health. The findings indicate that hardiness and resilience are important and fundamental in the preservation and promotion of mental health in mothers of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The two mentioned variables are able to explain the high rate of mental health variation and considering them in mental health is essential.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Grade of Elementary School in Isfahan City in the Academic Year
فاطمه ترک‌لادانی محسن گلپرور مختار ملک‌پور محسن گلپرور

The purpose of this research is study the effect of life skills to mother in order to behavior problems decrease of students in primary schools in Isfahan. This half experimental research is, pre-exam, sup-exam type with controls group. Statistical’s social is made up More

The purpose of this research is study the effect of life skills to mother in order to behavior problems decrease of students in primary schools in Isfahan. This half experimental research is, pre-exam, sup-exam type with controls group. Statistical’s social is made up of students in elementary school (include third grade till five grade in Isfahan between the years of ). The way of sampling in research in order to selection of schools is life a cluster in poly stage and in order to selection of examination is based on the advantage of their behavior problems. So between the five regions of education in Isfahan, one of them accidentally was selected. And then of this region, one primary schools accidentally was selected for girls and the other one was selected for boys. Between these two elementary schools they did test the student in grad. And about student who had behavior problems were distinguished and were selected as statistical’s sample and then were divided into exam and control group. It was given some life skills to mothers in exam group during sessions. The result of research showed that teaching of life skills to mothers in exam group to compare with control group is decreasing students’ problems. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - The Effect of Teaching Positive Parenting Program to Mothers on Self-control Skills of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Primary School
Ezatollah Ghadampour Tahere Rahimipour Masoome Zangiabadi

The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of teaching positive parenting program (Triple-P) on self-control skills of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) This semi-experimental study employed a pre-test,<span style="li More

The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of teaching positive parenting program (Triple-P) on self-control skills of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) This semi-experimental study employed a pre-test,<span style="line-height: 125%; font-family:;" dir="RTL" new="" b="" major-bidi;="" minor-fareast;="" 11pt;="" ar-sa;="" lotus";="" roman";"="" "times="" roman";="" en-us;=""> post-test, with control group design. Population included all mothers who consecutively referred to the child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of Isfahan in 2014_2015 academic year and had at least one child with clinically diagnosed ADHD within the age range of 6 to 12. Then, 30 mothers were selected through convenient sampling method and randomly allocated in one experimental and one control group (15 each). The research instrument was the Self-control Questionnaire (Kendall and Wilcox’s, 1979). The experimental group received group psychotherapy for 8 sessions and the questionnaire was completed by the teachers of children’s both groups of mothers, in pre-test, post-test and follow up. The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The research results showed that using positive parenting program (Triple-P) in post-test increases self-control skills of children with ADHD (P=0.0001). The follow up findings also revealed that there are significant differences between the control and experimental groups in the variable under study (P=0.0001). The findings suggested that positive parenting program is effective on self-control skills of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - The Effect of Teaching Mothers Child-Control Skills on Reduced Symptoms of Attention Deficit / Hyper-Activity Disorder (ADHD) in Children and Reduced Depression in Mothers
بهرام میرزائیان حسن احدی حسن پاشا شریفی حسین آزاد

ADHD causes multiple problems for many students, affecting their cognitive, social, emotional and familial performance and their professional and conjugal performance during adulthood. Furthermore, the parents of children suffering from ADHD experience a great deal of m More

ADHD causes multiple problems for many students, affecting their cognitive, social, emotional and familial performance and their professional and conjugal performance during adulthood. Furthermore, the parents of children suffering from ADHD experience a great deal of mental pressure and are seen to undergo depression, feeling of restriction, increased frustration, decreased capability and self-confidence as well as conjugal disputes. The aim of the present work is to study the effect of training parents how to control child's behavior on reduced symptoms of ADHD, improved child's behavior and on decreased proclivity to suffer from depression in the mothers of children suffering from ADHD. For this purpose, students aged suffering from ADHD with a history of referrals to the counselling and mental health centers in Sari were selected purposefully on the basis of clinical interviews and their responses on SNAP-IV questionnaire. Subsequently, the sample subjects were matched for age, gender, and education and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. On the sessions training for child-control skills within the experimental group, only mothers were trained for hours in accordance with Barclay's and forhand's programs. However, the control group received no training through to the end of the posttest. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Comparing Social Support and Social Anxiety between Mothers of Children with Special Needs and Mothers of Normal Children
mahnaz jadidi soheila safary سالار فرامرزی maryam jadidi somayeh jamali

The purpose of this study was to compare social support and social anxiety of mothers of children with cerebral palsy, Down syndrome and autism with mothers of normal children in Isfahan in 2013 (1392s.c.). A causal-comparative study was used in this research. The resea More

The purpose of this study was to compare social support and social anxiety of mothers of children with cerebral palsy, Down syndrome and autism with mothers of normal children in Isfahan in 2013 (1392s.c.). A causal-comparative study was used in this research. The research sample which was selected randomly consisted of 90 mothers of children with special needs (30 mothers of children with down syndrome, 30 mothers of children with autism and 30 mothers of children with cerebral palsy) and 30 mothers of normal children attending primary schools in Isfahan. To collect the data, Social Support Questionnaire (Norbeck,1981) and Social Phobia Inventory (Conner et al., 2000) were used. The results of multivariate analysis of variance indicated that there were significant differences between mothers of children with special needs and mothers of normal children in social support and social anxiety (P < 0.001). Furthermore, comparisons showed that mothers having a child with autism suffered the social anxiety more than mothers having a child with Down syndrome or a child with cerebral palsy (P < 0.001). Finally mothers of children with autism experienced the highest level of social anxiety compared to the rest of mothers studied in the research (P < 0.001). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - The Effectiveness of Self-Compassion Training on Increase of Mothers´Resiliency with Autistic Children
hamid reza nuri bahar shahabi

The present study investigated the effectiveness of self-compassion training on the increase mothers´ resiliency with autistic children by the quasi-experimental method and was performed by pre-test and post-test with the control group. The population under study More

The present study investigated the effectiveness of self-compassion training on the increase mothers´ resiliency with autistic children by the quasi-experimental method and was performed by pre-test and post-test with the control group. The population under study was mothers of children with autism who referred to the Center of Yavarane Zeinab in Esfahan. Twenty-four mothers who were selected randomly and assigned to experimental and control groups completed the autism Scale (Cars, 1988) and resilience Scale (Conner and Davidson, 2003) were used. Experimental group trained weekly 7 sessions of self- compassion in two-hour and the control group did not receive any intervention. At the end of training, both groups were assessed. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance. The results showed that the teaching of self- compassion significantly contributed to the resilience of participation people and mothers in the experimental group showed significantly increased (P < 0/001) in resiliency. According to the findings of this study self- compassion can be offered as an effective method to increase the resilience of mothers of children with autism. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Predicting Self-Efficacy of Female High School Students Based on their Motherâs Personality Traits
esmat danesh Nersanga nikoomanesh mina shamshiri nargess salimi nia

The aim of this study was to predict self-efficacy of girls based on personality traits of their mothers. Method of study was correlational. The sample consisted of 351 females who were selected by random clustered sampling from high school students in Alborz province. More

The aim of this study was to predict self-efficacy of girls based on personality traits of their mothers. Method of study was correlational. The sample consisted of 351 females who were selected by random clustered sampling from high school students in Alborz province. Research instruments were the NEO Personality Inventory (MacCrae and Costa, 1985) and Self-efficacy Scale (Sherer at.al, 1982). The result showed that conscientiousness of mothers was the only predictive variable which could predict daughters&#39 self-efficacy. Regression coefficient of self-efficacy (&beta=0.226) showed a positive relationship between mothers conscientiousness with their daughters self-efficacy (P < 0.002). Also the average score of girls with regression coefficient (&beta=0.330) represented a significant and positive correlation and their self-efficacy (P < 0.0001), and maternal age with regression coefficient (&beta=-0.105) indicated a significant and negative correlation with daughters’ self- efficacy (P < 0.37). Therefore, considering the effect of both mothers’ role of responsibility and low maternal age gap with daughters on the self-efficacy of their daughters, it is necessary to increase self-efficacy of daughters by enriching the responsibility resources of mothers and encouraging mothers to have children at young age. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - The Effectiveness of Group Training of the Reforming Parenting Styles Based on Mothers, Maladjustment Schemas on Improving Behavioral Problems among Preschool Children in Isfahan City
Mina Daneshmand khorasgani Zahra Yousefi

This study investigated the effectiveness of group training of the reforming parenting styles based on mothers` maladjustment schemas on improving behavioral problems among preschool children in Isfahan city. The study was a semi-experimental research (pre-test and post More

This study investigated the effectiveness of group training of the reforming parenting styles based on mothers` maladjustment schemas on improving behavioral problems among preschool children in Isfahan city. The study was a semi-experimental research (pre-test and post-test) with a control group. Its statistical populations include all mothers whose children suffer from behavioral disorders in Isfahan city. For this purpose, based 40 people from among the mothers whose children had the sign of behavioral disorders were selected based on convenient sampling and were categorized into two experimental and control groups. Rutter`s child behavior questionnaire was used for data collection. 8 sessions of reforming the parenting styles based on reforming maladjustment schemas were hold for the experimental group while the control group received no specific training. To analyze the data, by the use of the mean and standard deviation of data and also multivariate covariance, the research hypotheses have been analyzed. Therefore, based on the total results of the general research, it can be concluded that reforming parenting style based on mother`s maladjustment schemas on improving has a significant effect in the reduction of behavioral disorders of their child (p<0.05) and can be applied as an effective intervention method. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Five-factor traits of personality are a predictor of mothers’ aggression
mansooreh nikoogoftar Freshteh Jazayeri

10.30486/jsrp.2019.665275

The purpose of this research is the study of relations between personality factors and direct and indirect aggression among mothers.multi stage cluster random sampling was used to choose 389 mothers of elementary school students in Tehran. Neo Five-factory personality i More

The purpose of this research is the study of relations between personality factors and direct and indirect aggression among mothers.multi stage cluster random sampling was used to choose 389 mothers of elementary school students in Tehran. Neo Five-factory personality inventory (short form), Buss-Perry aggression questionnaire, The IAS-A indirect aggression questionnaire were utilized. The data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation and Multi-Variables Regression.The findings of Pearson Correlation indicated that excluding openness all the other four factors have significant relationship with direct and indirect aggression. In this way, outgoingness, agreeableness and conscientiousness, have negative significant relation with sub-scales of aggression and indirect aggression. Openness has a positive significant relation with the sub-scales of aggression, other than anger; it also has a negative significant relation with indirect aggression. Neuroticism has a positive significant relation with indirect aggression and aggression. Results from step by step analysis of regression showed that agreeableness, neuroticism and openness factors explain 41.5% of physical aggression variation. Agreeableness, neuroticism, openness and conscientiousness indicate 30% of verbal aggression variation. Agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness factors explain 31% of anger variation. Agreeableness, neuroticism and openness indicate 26% of enmity variation. Agreeableness and openness explain 20% of indirect aggression variation. The result of this study shows that there is a significant relation between the five personality factors and direct and indirect aggression. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - The effectiveness of group existencetherapy on self-compassion and resilience of mothers with children with intellectual disability
behzad taghipuor rogaye barzegaran

10.30486/jsrp.2019.665339

The birth of a child with intellectual disability affectson mothers and place them under multiple stress. The purpose of the research was to examine the effectiveness of group existencetherapy on self-compassion and resilience mothers of childrenintellectual disability. More

The birth of a child with intellectual disability affectson mothers and place them under multiple stress. The purpose of the research was to examine the effectiveness of group existencetherapy on self-compassion and resilience mothers of childrenintellectual disability. This semi-experimental study was conducted using pre-test and post-test with control group the study universe included all mothers with children with intellectual disability who were referred to rehabilitating center in Ardabil city in the year of2017, 30 mothers were selected through the target sampling method and randomly were availability into two equal experimental and control groups. Experimental group experienced 8 weeks of Existence therapy, while control group were just followed. Self-compassion Questionnaire (Raes, Pommier, Neff & Van Gucht, 2013) and Resilience Questionnaire (connor& Davidson, 2003) were used in pre-test, post-test and follow up as the study instrument. Data were analyzed by descriptive indices and analysis of covariance. The result of comparing post-test of scores in two group showed that there were significant difference in self-compassion and resilience scores intervention group and the control group (p<0.01). Thus, can be said that of existential group psychotherapy increased self-compassion and resilience scores in mothers of children with intellectual disability. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - Formulation of training protocol for treating with children of divorce for mothers and its effect on the mothers’ behavior
afsane gholami khosro rashid mosayeb yarmohamadi vasel

10.30486/jsrp.2019.567268.1322

The aim of this study was formulating a training protocol for treating with children of divorce for the mothers and examining its effect on the mothers’ behavior. In this experimental pre-test and post-test with control group research design, by use of purposive s More

The aim of this study was formulating a training protocol for treating with children of divorce for the mothers and examining its effect on the mothers’ behavior. In this experimental pre-test and post-test with control group research design, by use of purposive sampling method, 40 divorced women with 6-12 years old children were chosen and randomly were assigned to experimental and control groups (20 of each). After answering the questionnaires as pre-test, 12 training sessions was held for the experimental group during four continuous weeks, three days a week, while the control group received no intervention. The instruments consisted of five questionnaires: State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI), Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Kogler & Jones Guilt Inventory, Bell adjustment Questionnaire, and Burn Family Emotional Condition Questionnaire. For analyzing the data, descriptive statistics such as frequency, mean, and standard deviation were used, and for testing research hypothesis covariance analysis was used. The results showed that the difference between the experimental and control group’s mean were meaningful (P<001/0). According to findings it could be concluded that the designed protocol can improve the psychological state of the children of divorce by establishing a positive change in their mother’s behavior.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on Psychological Well-being and Resilience of Mothers with a Deaf Daughter in the City of Isfahan
mitra mohammadinejad farzaneh Niknejadi

10.30486/jsrp.2019.573628.1443

The present research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on psychological well-being and resilience of mothers having a deaf daughter in the city of Isfahan. The research method was semi-empirical in the type of pretest&ndas More

The present research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on psychological well-being and resilience of mothers having a deaf daughter in the city of Isfahan. The research method was semi-empirical in the type of pretest–posttest with a control group. Statistical population included all mothers having a deaf daughter who was studying in a deaf girls’ school and a normal school in Isfahan city at the same time in the year 2017. The research instruments comprised of Ryff’s Psychological Well-being Scales (1989) and Connor-Davidson (2003) Resilience Scale. Using purposive sampling method, 30 people were chosen, and 15 mothers were randomly assigned to the experimental group and 15 mothers to the control group. Then, for the experimental group the acceptance and commitment therapy which by Wells and Sorrel (2007) has been developed in 10 sessions of 90 minutes was implemented. For data analysis, covariance analysis was used. The results indicated that acceptance and commitment therapy led to an increase in psychological well-being and resilience of mothers who had a deaf daughter (p < 0.05). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Comparison of parenting skills in mothers with and without chronic pain
parisa moradikelardeh Vahid Sadeghi Firoozabadi mohsen dehghani mahmood heidari

10.30486/jsrp.2019.1863437.1726

The aim of this study was to investigate the differences parenting skills in mothers with chronic pain and healthy mothers. This study was causal-comparative and its statistical population was included all women referred to the Pain Clinic of Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehr More

The aim of this study was to investigate the differences parenting skills in mothers with chronic pain and healthy mothers. This study was causal-comparative and its statistical population was included all women referred to the Pain Clinic of Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehran. Sixty-two mothers with chronic pain and Fifty-eight healthy mothers were evaluated by convenience sampling method and using Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (Frick, 1999) and Von Korff Questionnaire (Von Korff, 1990). The data were analyzed by analysis of variance. Statistical analysis showed that there is significant difference between mothers with chronic pain and healthy mothers in involvement, positive parenting, Inconsistent discipline and poor supervision (P<. /05), but there was no difference in punishment (P>./05). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Instruction a psycho-educational intervention Program for mothers of premature infants and evaluating its effectiveness on parental stress and improvement of mother- infant relationship
somayeh habibpoor Gholam Ali afrooz mohsen skokohi yakta mohamad ali besharat valiolah farzad maryam nakhshab

10.30486/jsrp.2020.566349.1303

The purpose of the present study was an Instruction of  psycho-educational intervention program and its effectiveness on parental stress and the improvement of mother-infant relationship. This research was  in fact  an accidental clinical tria that which More

The purpose of the present study was an Instruction of  psycho-educational intervention program and its effectiveness on parental stress and the improvement of mother-infant relationship. This research was  in fact  an accidental clinical tria that which was done in 2016.The statistical population of this study includes all mothers have a premature baby hospital of Mazandaran province , of these 40 mothers were selected by purposive sampling. And randomly divided into groups,  control group and experimental group. Researcher- made  Educational -psychological intervention program was twelve one-hour sessions. The tools used  in this research were Parenting stress researcher made scale(2017)whose  questions were selected from four  scales  of common parenting stress. And also a researcher made infant-mother interaction checklist(2017).It is worth mentioning that  items of the  checklist were selected from four checklist of common infant-mother interaction. To analyze the research data, Repeated measurement method and Multivariate analysis of variance  were  used.The results show that special psychological educational intervention for mothers of pre mature infants  reduced the stress of parenting in mothers of premature infants and its three component such as parental disturbances, parental-infant disturbances and parental expectations (P < 0.01). And also improved mother-infant interaction(P<0.01). The results of follow-up tests showed that only component of sensitive behavior of mother-infant interaction has been affected(P < 0.05). The results of the study show psychoeducational  intervention program reducing child stress and improving the mother-child relationship-baby has effect.Therefore, it is recommended to use this model of programs of mothers with premature babies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - The Effect of Hope Center Parenting Training on Parental Self-Efficacy of Mothers of Preschool Children
Mehdi Mazaheri Tehrani Mohamad Masoud Dayarian fatemeh javadzadeh shahshahani

10.30486/jsrp.2021.1939028.3154

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hope center parenting training on parental self-efficacy of mothers of preschool children. The research method was quasi-experimental, pre-test-post-test and follow-up with experimental and control groups. The statist More

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hope center parenting training on parental self-efficacy of mothers of preschool children. The research method was quasi-experimental, pre-test-post-test and follow-up with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the study was preschool children s mothers in Isfahan in 2020, of which 30 mothers were screened through accessible sampling. Finally, 30 mothers randomly assigned to the experimental group(15 mothers) and the control group(15 mothers). The applied instruments included Instructional Hope Center Parenting Package(researcher-made) and Berkekeys Self-efficacy Questionary(second version, 2005). Participants in both groups completed Berkekeys Qelf-efficacy Questionary in three stages. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance in spss software. The results indicated the effect of the hope center parenting on the score of positive parental self-efficacy in the post-test stage and the stability of this effect was in the follow-up stage. These results suggest evidence that training of the hope center parenting to increase parental self-efficacy in mothers. This research can be useful for psychologists and counselors in the field of parenting and choosing the type of intervention to educate parents. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - Challenges of mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Covid- 19 pandemic
Maryam Khakrangin mansour fathi Aliye Shahrokhi

10.30486/jsrp.2022.1953510.3383

This study aimed to investigate and to deeply understand challenges of mothers with autism children in the encountering of Covid-19 epidemic. The current study applies qualitative method. Purposive sampling and information saturating criteria is utilized in this study. More

This study aimed to investigate and to deeply understand challenges of mothers with autism children in the encountering of Covid-19 epidemic. The current study applies qualitative method. Purposive sampling and information saturating criteria is utilized in this study. Data were gathered on semi-structured depth interviews in 2022 year with fourteen mothers who had had an autism child in Tehran. The trustworthiness of this study was evaluated by peer reviews and group member checks. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis. Challenges of mothers were categorized in five main themes and Seventeen sub themes. Main themes include: The cycle of failure, increased symptoms of the disorder, increased roles and more resentment of the mother, lacks of support and pressure of Corona etiquette were the causes of stress and aggravation of maternal problems. This research showed that a family with child autism involves severely financial costs and they have to spend a lot of time and energy. family members suffer from annoying child behaviors and society reactions and they even have had difficulty in doing routine. In addition, Challenges related with covid-19 pandemic including Hygienic protocols and quarantine restrictions have made the situation worse than before. Therefore, seeing the special needs of families with autism children in social policy, providing services of psycho-social support for this group of families in the face of crises, raising public awareness about autism and developing social services to reduce problem is essential for promoting family resilience. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - effectiveness of Imago Therapy Training on cognitive flexibility and parenting stress of couples with deaf children
ezzatollah ghaampour Kourosh Amrai Hafez Padervand Fateme Bavazin

10.30486/jsrp.2022.1951732.3356

Purpose: Evaluation of the effectiveness of Imago Therapy Training on cognitive flexibility and parenting stress of couples with deaf children aged 7-12 years in Khorramabad. Method: This semi-experimental study was conducted with a pre-test and post-test. The statistic More

Purpose: Evaluation of the effectiveness of Imago Therapy Training on cognitive flexibility and parenting stress of couples with deaf children aged 7-12 years in Khorramabad. Method: This semi-experimental study was conducted with a pre-test and post-test. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all couples with deaf children aged 7 to 12 years who had a file in the welfare center of Khorramabad in 2021. From the statistical population, 30 people were randomly selected and then this number of subjects were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). Research data were collected using the Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire of Dena and Van der Waals (2010) and the Barry and Jones Parent Stress Questionnaire (1995). The experimental group underwent immatotherapy training for 10 sessions of 2 hours. Data were analyzed by multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance. Results: The results of the analysis of research data showed that imagotherapy therapy has been effective in increasing cognitive flexibility and reducing the stress of parenting couples (P <0/01). The results of this study indicated the useful application of imagotherapy education approach in improving cognitive flexibility and reducing parenting stress of couples with deaf children. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - The protective effects Of alcoholic extracts Of Achillea biebersteinii leave ondensity neuroglia cell spinal cord after the sciatic nerve compression in rats.
Mahbobeh Alikhanzadeh Maryam Tehranipour Jina Khayyatzade

Inroduction and Objective: Nuroglia or glial cells are non-polar cells that are responsible for metabolic function and physical support. Proliferation of glial cells is answering the obvious signs of CNS to environmental damage. Yarrow is a plant belonging to the family More

Inroduction and Objective: Nuroglia or glial cells are non-polar cells that are responsible for metabolic function and physical support. Proliferation of glial cells is answering the obvious signs of CNS to environmental damage. Yarrow is a plant belonging to the family Asteracea that contain antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti- apoptosis component. The aim of this study was to determine the protective effects of Achillea biebersteinii leaves alcoholic extract on spinal cord neuroglia cell after sciatic nerve compression in rats.Materials and Methods:30male Wister rats were divided randomly in groups (control,comperession, comperession+ treatment). Sciatic nerve was exposed to compression for 60 s using lockerpincers. Extract injection was done intra peritoneally in the first and second weekwith 50, 75, 100 mg/kg dose after compression. Then 28 days after compression under profusion method the lumber spinal cord was sampled. After cutting and coloring, the density of motoneurons was measured using dissector methods. The numerical density in each group compare with each other.Results: According to results, neurglia density shows meaningful increase between compression and control groups (PConclusion: It seems that alcoholic extracts of Achillea biebersteinii leaves have probably growth factors, regeneration factors and decrease neuralgia density because of anti inflammation effect Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Effect of medicinal plants against common pistachio psyllid under laboratory conditions
حسن زین الدینی زهرا sheybani محمد رضا hasani

Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) is the most important key pest of pistachio trees in Iran. Chemical control is the most effective and accessible method to control this pest. But, the environmental problems caused by the overuse of t More

Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) is the most important key pest of pistachio trees in Iran. Chemical control is the most effective and accessible method to control this pest. But, the environmental problems caused by the overuse of the synthetic insecticide have been a source of concern in recent years. Botanical insecticides are recognized as proper alternatives to conventional insecticides. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the toxicity of extracts from Achillea millefolium L. (Asteraceae) and Carum copticum L. (Apiaceae) against 5th instar nymphs of common pistachio psyllid, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt and Lauterer (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) under laboratory conditions.. Bioassay was carried out using a dipping technique. Probit analysis of concentration-mortality data was conducted to estimate the LC50 value. The results showed that A. millefolium and C. copticum extracts were effective on A. pistaciae. C. copticum with an LC50 value of 749.95 mL/L was more toxic than A. millefolium (914.33 mL/L) on 5th instar nymphs of A. pistaciae. But, according to the LC50 values, no significant differences were observed between A. millefolium and C. copticum 24 h post-treatment. Our results suggest that the extracts of A. millefolium and C. copticum are suitable compounds to control of A. pistaciae Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - Anti-oxidation effect Boomadaran extract (Achillea wilhelmsii) on survival of salted trout fillet during storage period
Farzaneh Bagheri Mehdi Babazadeh

10.30495/qafj.2023.1972328.1047

Today,the attention of researchers has been drawn to the use of natural preservatives instead of chemical compounds.In this empirical study, the effects of Boomadaran extract on the storage time and quality of frozen trout were examined. The studied treatments were the More

Today,the attention of researchers has been drawn to the use of natural preservatives instead of chemical compounds.In this empirical study, the effects of Boomadaran extract on the storage time and quality of frozen trout were examined. The studied treatments were the control treatment,mild soda salt treatment without extract couting, extract couting treatment without salt,soda salt treatment without extract couting . changes in pH in every treatment,during a period of 12 days of maintenance showed that,untile the sixth days of maintenance,no significant difference was observed in the experimental treatments.Yet,by the increase of time in the ninth and twelvth days the numerical quantity also increased. Moreover, the amount of proxide (pv)in the fish containing Boomadaran extract decreased after time.The level of Tiobarbiotic-acid index(TBA)increased during time of maintenance significantly in the sample compared with that of salt treatment and the extract so that this amount has increased to its highest level in the sample at the end of the maintenance period which showed a significant difference (p<0.05) compared with the fish sample including extract and salt. Also the amount of TVN in the sample under study has significantly risen during time in the sample treatment (p<0.05) . a significant difference was abserved from the sixth day, between the sample and the sample that mixed with Boomadaran extract(p<0.05). 1% Boomadaran extract had a significant effect on fish samples to keep their suitable quality and increase of storage.e. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - A Comparative Study Of The Mothers’ Life Quality Of Children With Visual Impairment, Hearing And Autism
Saeed Rezayi

The purpose of the present research was to evaluate and compare the mothers’ life quality of children with visual and hearing impairment and autism disorder. The study statistical population subsumed all the mothers with hearing and visual impairment and autistic More

The purpose of the present research was to evaluate and compare the mothers’ life quality of children with visual and hearing impairment and autism disorder. The study statistical population subsumed all the mothers with hearing and visual impairment and autistic children who had clinical records in rehabilitation centers in Tehran during; 2015-2016 years. Of all centers, 45 mothers who had blind children, 45 mothers with deaf children and 45 mothers with autistic children (N= 135 mothers) were selected as a sample via convenience sampling procedure. The Research was designed as a causal-comparative. Varoshrbon Quality of Life Questionnaire (36-SF) was used to collect data. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate analysis of variance were implemented for data analysis. The results showed that statistically there were significant difference (P≤ 0.01)   in life quality of 3 mothers groups. Post hoc test showed that the life quality of mothers of children with autism compared to mothers with deaf and blind children, was lower and the mothers’ life quality of deaf children was higher scored than the two other groups. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

32 - Effect of Yarrow Extract On The Serum Neutrophils In Athletic Girls
Leila Mansouri Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani Bahman Taroudizadeh Abdolhasan Doulah

The aim of this study was Yarrow effect on the response of neutrophils in athletic girls. The study included 24 people in 4 supplement (yarrow), ibuprofen and supplement, in brofen, placebo-controlled study. Subject receivd at a does of 740 mg supplement, yarrow and bro More

The aim of this study was Yarrow effect on the response of neutrophils in athletic girls. The study included 24 people in 4 supplement (yarrow), ibuprofen and supplement, in brofen, placebo-controlled study. Subject receivd at a does of 740 mg supplement, yarrow and brofen (185 mg yarrow and 400 mg brofen), 800 mg brofen and 400 mg placebo for 7 days before fully operational. After the last instance supplementation with 70% of maximal aerobic power were start to activity on the machine back foot and sat. Blood samples were taken from all subjects to measure neutrophil 4 in 5 steps from the elbow vein. Sargent also jumps at every stage, and hip circumference was measured amount of pain. Normal status neutrophils show Yarrow supplementation compared to placebo, ibuprofen, ibuprofen and yarrow had no significant effect on the number and function of neutrophils. Their high after sporting activity was due to neutrocytose. This increase was the result of expected natural immune system response to stress in exercise. Although changes in blood parameters and performance jump Sargent and hip circumference were observed; but this change was in the normal range and changes in these indicators would be considered statistically significant. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

33 - The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Based Therapy on The Experiential Avoidance of Mothers with Autistic Children
Leila Gholamipour Naser Amini Abdollah Shafiabady Moloud Keykhosrovani

The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based therapy on the avoidance of post-anxiety experience in mothers with autistic children in Ahvaz. The statistical population of this study was all mothers with autistic children in A More

The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based therapy on the avoidance of post-anxiety experience in mothers with autistic children in Ahvaz. The statistical population of this study was all mothers with autistic children in Ahvaz. 30 mothers with autistic children were selected by purposive sampling method. After selecting the sample, individuals were randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control, 15 mothers in each group. The method of the research was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test-follow-up design with control group. The experimental group was exposed to acceptance and commitment based therapy for 8 sessions, 90 minutes each and one session per week. the control group received none. The follow up was conducted two months later. To measure the research variables, the Acceptance and Practice – Questionnaire, Bund et al second version (2011) was implemented. The data were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance. The results indicated that there were significant differences in experiential avoidance scores of the experimental and the control groups that means the acceptance and commitment based therapy was effective in reducing experiential avoidance of mothers with autistic children. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

34 - The Iranian Mothers᾿ lived Cooperation Experience During Covid-19 Pandemic
neda roshani Maryam Gholamzadeh Jofreh Rezgar Mohammadi

10.22034/jwcp.2023.706746

The present study aimed to explain mothers’ cooperation experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research population included all Iranian mothers. The participants included 16 Iranian mothers living in Ahvaz whom were selected by purposive sampling as sample. More

The present study aimed to explain mothers’ cooperation experience during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research population included all Iranian mothers. The participants included 16 Iranian mothers living in Ahvaz whom were selected by purposive sampling as sample. The study was a qualitative phenomenology. The data were collected by in-depth interviews with open-ended questions and analyzed by Colaizzi’s seven-step method. Finally, three main themes and nine sub-themes were obtained. The first main theme of marital harmony included (facilitation in household affairs, emotional support for each other, care during illness, financial and job support), the second main theme of kinship companionship included (mutual support with the family of origin, strengthening family relationships), the third main theme social empathy included (meeting material needs, meeting emotional and care needs, experiencing the joy of cooperation) were extracted. The results showed that there was the cooperation experience among women in the pandemic situation, both in the family center and on wider level of the society. Furthermore, the coincidence between the pandemic as a tension-causing event and a positive phenomenon such as cooperation could depict scenes of exchanging pure humanitarian experiences. In fact, cooperation was one of pure human experiences, whose place in the history of Iranian people has been known since the distant past, and now it is considered a part of the social and cultural heritage of this land. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - The Role of Mother's Parenting Style, Family's Cultural Capital and Social Skills in Educating the Girls
Atena Davami

10.22034/jwcp.2023.705619

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mother's parenting style, the family's cultural capital and social skills on educating elementary school girls. The research statistical population included all psychology texts related to parenting style, the cul More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mother's parenting style, the family's cultural capital and social skills on educating elementary school girls. The research statistical population included all psychology texts related to parenting style, the cultural capital and social skills on educating elementary school girls. The research sample embraced psychological texts concerning mother's parenting styles, family's cultural capital and social skills. The current research was descriptive-analytical. Data collection was done by using the library method and note taking on index cards. The data was analyzed via content analysis procedure. The results showed that amongst the mothers’ parenting styles, the authoritative one was the best for educating the children specially the females. Educating the children by such style was not completely restrictive.  There was more space for their individuality and independence.   Children educating by such style were saner and had better communicating. The children also acquired the cultural capital from their parents. The cultural capital represented in embodied, objectified and institutionalized forms. The children, particularly the girls who spent their more time with their mothers through identification process template their mothers’ behaviors and characteristics emerged from cultural enrichment.  Such factor could be as an initiator for the girls’ social maturation. Cultural capital is very important in the prevailing theories of modern education. Parents are a bridge between cultural heritage and ideas in daily life and learning in children. Mothers are considered an important lever due to the positive effective role they play in the education and acquisition of children's social skills on their children's social growth in the future. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

36 - Lived Experiences of Mothers of Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Phenomenological Study
Sara Taghizadeh Hir Mohammad Narimani Seyfollah, Aghajani Mehriar Nadermohammadi Sajjad Basharpoor

The purpose of this study was to investigate the lived experiences of mothers of children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. The statistical population included all mothers of children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder who referred to the psych More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the lived experiences of mothers of children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. The statistical population included all mothers of children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder who referred to the psychiatric center of Fatemi Hospital in Ardabil city in 2023. The sample of the research enfolded 20 subjects whom were selected via purposive sampling method. The research method was a qualitative and phenomenological type. Data were attained through semi structured interviews with participant mothers of children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. Data were analyzed with the seven-step descriptive phenomenological method of Colaizzi (2002). The obtained results of mothers’ lived experience were classified in 5 main themes and 19 subthemes. The main themes involved child individual problems, family problems, social and emotional problems, medical issues and school problems. The findings resulted from the analysis of the lived experiences of the children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder mothers also revealed the existence of a set of challenges including cultural diversity, culture-bound experiences and the participant educations levels. The other set of problems involved the mothers’ low knowledge and the educational environment. The children problems impose impairments on family natural function and influence their social, cultural and interactional relations. Therefore, making the mothers aware of the nature of the disorder and teaching interactive patterns with these children could prevent the problems facing these families. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

37 - A Study of Child – Rearing Styles and Behavioral Problems of Children with Employed And Unemployed Mothers
زینب Khanjani رقیه Mahmoudzadeh

Mothers out door works have different consequences on child rearing practices and behavioralstatus. The current research was purposed to study the child rearing styles and their correlations tochildren behavioral disorders of the employed and unemployed mothers. The pre More

Mothers out door works have different consequences on child rearing practices and behavioralstatus. The current research was purposed to study the child rearing styles and their correlations tochildren behavioral disorders of the employed and unemployed mothers. The present research wasa causal – comparative study. The sample was comprised of 120 pears of mother – child who wereselected randomly from four kindergartens in Tabriz. Rutter Behavioral Disorders Questionnaire(mother – instructor form) And Baumrind Child – Rearing Style Questionnaire were implemented.Data was analyzed by using MANOVA and independent t test. The results have shown that employedand unemployed mothers children with regard to the behavioral problems had no significantdifference. Housewives had more significantly authoritative child rearing style than the employedmothers. But regarding permissive and totalitarian styles, no significant difference between the twogroups was observed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

38 - Effectiveness Of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction Training On Mental Health And Perceived Stress In Mothers With ADHD Children
Sepideh Pourheydari Soodabeh Basaknejad Iran Davoodi Mohsen Doustkam Zahra Sadat Bagher-zadeh Ansari

The main propose of current research  was studying the effectiveness of mindfulness based stress reduction training on mental health and perceived stress in mothers of ADHD children in Ahwaz. This study was semi-experimental with pretest-post test and control group More

The main propose of current research  was studying the effectiveness of mindfulness based stress reduction training on mental health and perceived stress in mothers of ADHD children in Ahwaz. This study was semi-experimental with pretest-post test and control group. The sample included 32 mothers having a child with ADHD and were divided to experimental and control group randomly. Each group members fulfilled Mental Health Questionnaire (Goldberg & Hiller, 1992) and Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, 1983) before intervention. Then, the experimental group participated in 8 mindfulness based stress reduction sessions during 2 months. After terminating intervention, both groups had the post test. Based on results from ANCOVA (P> 0/001), two groups were significantly different; mentioning that mindfulness based stress reduction training resulted the increasing of mental health and decreasing the perceived stress in mothers with ADHD children. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

39 - A comparison of the effectiveness of group counseling through acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on self-compassion and family resilience of mothers of educable children
mahmod fatahi Asadollah Veisi omid moradi

10.30495/iifs.2023.1977241.1069

Aims: The purpose of this research is to compare the effectiveness of group counseling with acceptance based on commitment and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness, self-compassion, and family resilience of mothers of children in education. Method:This research was se More

Aims: The purpose of this research is to compare the effectiveness of group counseling with acceptance based on commitment and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness, self-compassion, and family resilience of mothers of children in education. Method:This research was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test with a control group and a follow-up period of 5 months. Sampling was done by simple random sampling. From the list of the statistical population of mothers of exceptionally educated students in the two cities of Mallard and Shahryar in the year (1401-1400), (36) people were selected using random numbers and in two experimental groups of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness and therapy based on Acceptance and commitment and a control group were included. Self-compassion(Neff, 2003) and family resilience (Sixbey, 2005) questionnaires were used as research tools. The method of data analysis was covariance analysis to compare means. The software (SPSS 22) was used for data analysis. Findings:The results showed that both methods, therapy based on acceptance and commitment and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness in the way of group counseling, have an effect on increasing self-compassion and family resilience of mothers of educated children.The effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on increasing self-compassion (59.6%) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (27.9%) was compared to the control group. (P<0.001 and F=106.891) and the effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on increasing resilience (81.5%) and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness (45.9%) compared to the control group. (P<0.001 and F=106.891. Conclusion: According to the findings of this research, it is possible to use the method of group counseling, therapy based on acceptance and commitment, and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness to increase self-compassion and family resilience. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

40 - The Role of Emotion Cognitive Regulation in Relationship between Coping Practices and Social Health in Employees of Mothers of Children with special needs
navid Noori Reza Golpoor

10.30495/iifs.2022.1966120.1046

Aim: Cognitive regulation of emotion plays an important role in social relationships and can affect the social health of society. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between coping method More

Aim: Cognitive regulation of emotion plays an important role in social relationships and can affect the social health of society. The aim of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between coping methods and social health in mothers of children with special needs. Method: The present research was applied in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of descriptive method, and the statistical population of this research was all mothers with children with special needs in Nowshahr city. The sample size was 148 people who were selected by simple random sampling based on Morgan's table. In order to collect research data, Lazarus and Folkman (1988) Coping Style Questionnaire, Gross and John (2003) Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and Keyes Social Health Questionnaire (2004) were used. In order to analyze the data, mean, standard deviation, correlation coefficient and path analysis were used with SPSS version 24 and Amos version 23 software. Findings: The results showed that the cognitive regulation of emotion has a mediating role in the relationship between coping methods and social health (p<0.01). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the cognitive regulation of emotion plays a mediating role in the relationship between coping methods and social health.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

41 - The relationship between depression and aggression of mothers with hyperactivity and aggression of female students
Eshrat Karimi Reza J Afshar ahanshahi Mehri Mandage Narges Moosavi Karani

10.30495/iifs.2023.1969149.1050

 Aim: The family is known as the most important element of the society, and among the family members, the mother has the greatest influence on the child, so the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between depression and aggressi More

 Aim: The family is known as the most important element of the society, and among the family members, the mother has the greatest influence on the child, so the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between depression and aggression of mothers with hyperactivity and aggression of female students of elementary school in Sirjan city.Method: The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population was all the girls of public primary schools in Sirjan city and their mothers. A sample of 150 students and their mothers was selected from these schools using cluster sampling method. The data were obtained by Beck Depression Questionnaire (1961), Eysenck and Glenn Wilson Aggression Questionnaire (1975), Children's Aggression Test-Conners Rating Scale (1999), Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (1992) and were analyzed with statistical method of Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression.Results: The results indicated that there is a significant relationship between mothers' depression with students' hyperactivity (r=0/471) and aggression (r=0/408) (P<0.01). Also, there is a significant relationship between mothers' aggression with students' hyperactivity (r=0/694) and aggression (r=0/507).Conclusion: The special conditions of a child with hyperactivity disorder have a significant relationship with the mental health of mothers, and the mental conditions of mothers can also affect the mental states of children. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

42 - The effectiveness of Islamic resilience skills training on Parental attitude and Guilt of mothers of blind children
samaneh SARFARAZI ELAHE SARFARAZI

10.30495/iifs.2022.695083

Aim:The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Islamic resilience skills training on parental attitudes and guilt of mothers with blind children. Method: The research method is clinical trial by pretest-posttest method with a control group and the stati More

Aim:The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Islamic resilience skills training on parental attitudes and guilt of mothers with blind children. Method: The research method is clinical trial by pretest-posttest method with a control group and the statistical population includes mothers of blind children in 2021. Using purposive sampling method, 32 mothers were selected in cyberspace and randomly selected in two groups of control and Experiments were performed. Attitudes of Parents with Special Needs Child towards Their Children Scale’s Govender (2002) and Guilt Questionnaire’s Eisenhower (2007) were used to collect information. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance using SPSS software version 24. Results: Findings showed that there was a significant difference between the performance of control and experimental groups in improving parental attitude and reducing guilt in the post-test stage (p <0.05). Also, the results of covariance analysis showed that Islamic resilience training has improved the subscales of parental attitudes (acceptance and affection, shame, failure, despair and extreme support) in mothers with blind children.Conclusion: Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that educating mothers based on Islamic resilience has had an effect on improving their attitude towards their children and reducing their guilt; Therefore, it can be used as an effective intervention method based on the culture and religion of the community. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

43 - Effectiveness of Mothers' parenting training on reduction of affective - behavioral problems in preschool children 8 to 12 years old
mohammad ahangarcani maryam hashemi fatemeh keshtlar Azam Habibollahi

The Aim of the present study was to investigate the Effectiveness of Mothers' parenting training on reduction of affective - behavioral problems in preschool children 4 to 6 years old. The Methods of present study was a quasi-experimental research and a pretest- posttes More

The Aim of the present study was to investigate the Effectiveness of Mothers' parenting training on reduction of affective - behavioral problems in preschool children 4 to 6 years old. The Methods of present study was a quasi-experimental research and a pretest- posttest design with control group and follow up. The statistical population were included all mothers preschool children with affective – behavioral problems in the Babol city. Research sample consisted of parents of 22 children with affective- behavioral problem who volunteered to take part in the study and who were chosen by available sampling. They were divided randomly into an experimental and control group. The experimental group received parental training which was comprised of eight sessions during a two month period. The control group did not receive any intervention. Data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). research finding indicate that affective-behavioral problems of the experimental group was reduced significantly )P<0/034( more than the control group .follow up tests indicated the relative stability of the effects of parenting training program after three months (P<0/001). parenting training program is an effective method for reducing affective-behavioral problems in children. It is recommended that did counselors and psychologists administer parenting training program as part of treatment for reducing affective – behavioral problems of children. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

44 - Effectiveness of Mindful Self-compassion Training with Focus on Islamic-Iranian Life Style on Family Function Mothers of Children with Autism
Ghasem Abdollahi parviz sharifidaramadi Mahdi Ghodrati Mirkohi samira vakili

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to determine the Effectiveness of Mindful Self-compassion Training with Focus on Islamic-Iranian Life Style on the Modification of early maladaptive schema of Mothers of Children with Autism.This was a quasi-experimental study. T More

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to determine the Effectiveness of Mindful Self-compassion Training with Focus on Islamic-Iranian Life Style on the Modification of early maladaptive schema of Mothers of Children with Autism.This was a quasi-experimental study. The statistical population of the study was all mothers of children with autism who were registered in the Autism Association of Kashan in 2019. The statistical sample included 24 mothers who that purposeful sampling method to participate in the study. They were randomly assigned into two groups (12 mothers in the experimental group and 12 mothers in the control group). The experimental group participated in the training for 8 sessions and the control group was placed on a waiting list for training. To assess the early maladaptive schema, the Young questionnaire was used. To analysis the data Analysis of the variance with repeated measures was used. The results showed that Mindful Self-compassion with focus on Islamic-Iranian life style training had a significant impact in modulating the early maladaptive schema in mothers of children with Autism (p≤ 0/001). Therefore, it is concluded that the program training was effective in Modification of early maladaptive schema of mothers with autistic children. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

45 - Comparison of the Effectiveness of Schema-Based Education and Acceptance and Commitment-Based Education on Compassion Fatigue in Family Caring Mothers
Zarrin Taj Khosravi Shokooh Navabinejad Zabih Pirani

Mothers caring for children with autism and children with physical disabilities not only suffer from the stigma of society; rather, they are at risk for mental health problems and disabilities.The aim of the present study was to the comparison of the effectiveness of sc More

Mothers caring for children with autism and children with physical disabilities not only suffer from the stigma of society; rather, they are at risk for mental health problems and disabilities.The aim of the present study was to the comparison of the effectiveness of schema-based education and acceptance and commitment-based education on Compassion Fatigu in family caring mothers. The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this study was all mothers with children with autism and children with physical-motor disabilities were educating in special schools in Tehran in 2019, from which 45 mothers eligible volunteers entered the study and with the homogenization of age and duration of care assigned to two experimental groups and a control group. Participants answered to the Compassion Fatigu Inventory for Family Caregivers; Young Schema Questionnaire-short form (1998) and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II by Bond et al. (2011). Mixed analysis method and SPSS 25 software was used to analyze the data. The research results indicate schema-based training (F= 11.41 & p < 0.01) and acceptance and commitment-based training (F= 19.77 & p < 0.01), were effective on compassion fatigue by relying on control group.Based on the achievements of this research, schema-based training and acceptance and commitment-based training are both effective on reducing compassion fatigue of family caring mothers. Also, there is no meaningful difference between Schema-Based Education and Acceptance and Commitment-Based EducationKeywords: Schema-Based Education، Acceptance and Commitment-Based Education، Compassion Fatigue, ,Family caring mothers Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

46 - Maternal Articulation in the Poetry of Parvin Etesami and Forough Farrokhzad
Faranak Shahmoradi Mohammad Hadi Sameni

Articulation of feelings and emotions has always been a theme of interest in the poetry of women writers in Iran. One of such emotions is the maternal one which has received more stress and attention by women writers across the world and Iran. This paper prepared throug More

Articulation of feelings and emotions has always been a theme of interest in the poetry of women writers in Iran. One of such emotions is the maternal one which has received more stress and attention by women writers across the world and Iran. This paper prepared through close reading is a comparative study in the poetry of Parvin Etesami and Forough Farrokhzad to investigate their voices as mothers. In doing so, reasons for such articulations including social and literary parameters are investigated. Considering such parameters and the poetry of the two writers, it seems that Etesami with his powerful poems pays more attention to moralities and tries to correct whatever she does not like through advice. She highlights the role of motherhood by means of the same technique. On the other hand, the poetry of Farrokhzad often accentuates a motherhood language that is meant for women to encourage them to resist against men. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

47 - The effect of creativity training to mothers on creativity of their preschool children
K. Ganji B. Niusha F. Hedayati

  Background: Creativity is one of the basic and vital characters of humankind that have an effective role in development and evolutionary of individual and civilization. Researchers believed that creative thinking trend origins in childhood. The effect of more va More

  Background: Creativity is one of the basic and vital characters of humankind that have an effective role in development and evolutionary of individual and civilization. Researchers believed that creative thinking trend origins in childhood. The effect of more variables on creativity were studied, but the impact of creativity training to mothers on creativity of their preschool children ignored. Objective: This research investigated the effect of creativity training to mothers on creativity of their preschool children. Method: The research method was qusi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and control group. The sample includes 60 preschool children who were selected with purposive sampling method, and each group was consisted of 30 children (15 females and 15 males). The children in both groups (experimental and control), were taken the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking A and B images form. After administering pre-test, the program of mothers training was conducted in 24 hours (once a week- each session 4 hours).  Then, the children involved the practices and plays in open space, and finally after two months the post-test was performed. Data analysis was performed by MANOVA test. Result(s): Results showed that there is significant differences between experimental and control groups in the components of originality, fluid, extending authenticity and creativity. But, there wasn't a significant difference in the component of flexibility. Also, there was not any significant differences between boys and girls in components of creativity. Conclusion:According to the results, we could say that the creativity training to mothers can be effective on the preschooler's creativity.     Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

48 - The Effect of Educational Empowerment Divorced Mothers on Emotional-Behavioral Problems in Girls 7 to 10 years
مهدی رستمی پریسا باقری فریدون اسلامی

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of teaching and educational empowerment divorced mothers on emotional problems behavioral girls aged 7 to 10. The study is quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and one month follow up with the control group. Th More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of teaching and educational empowerment divorced mothers on emotional problems behavioral girls aged 7 to 10. The study is quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and one month follow up with the control group. The population of this study included girls 7 to 10 years old Tehran fatherless West primary school were enrolled in the academic year 94-95.the confidentiality of information and attendance at meetings of 20 mothers of these students as subjects randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The assessment tool Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (Goodman, 1997). The experimental group received 8 sessions (each session 90 minutes) intervention. Data from the statistical model repeated measures were analyzed using Spss-21 software. The results showed that total maternal educational empowerment training on reducing emotional problems (depression and anxiety) and behavioral problems (conduct disorder, hyperactivity and problems with peers) in girls 7 to 10 years old has been on the post-test and follow (P≤0/01). It is also the result of improvements in the children's altruism in step post-test and follow-up was effective (P≤0/01). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

49 - The Effectiveness of Group Mindfulness Training on the Resilience and Anxiety of Mothers with Low Vision and Blind Children Referred to Sanandaj Health Centers.
Maryam Zolfaghari Shohreh Ghorban shirodi

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness group training on resilience and anxiety of mothers of low vision and blind children referring to health centers in Sanandaj.   Method: The research design was experimental with pr More

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness group training on resilience and anxiety of mothers of low vision and blind children referring to health centers in Sanandaj.   Method: The research design was experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of the study was all mothers with blind and visually impaired children referring to health centers of Sanandaj in 1397-1978. The sampling method was cluster sampling. The research tools used are Connor and Davidson Resiliency Questionnaire (2003) and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Descriptive statistics (graphs, frequency distribution tables, central indices (mean) and dispersion (standard deviation) were used for data analysis. 2) Inferential statistics methods; Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).   Results: The results showed that Group mindfulness training affects the resiliency of mothers with low vision and blind children, and Group mindfulness training affects anxiety of mothers with low vision and blind children.   Conclusion: Mindfulness training is effective on resiliency and anxiety of mothers with low vision and blind children, as it allows one to respond to events rather than involuntarily responding to events.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

50 - The Effect of Family Life Education on Parenting Stress Components of Mothers with Mentally Retarded Children in the Parent Domain
Sofia Heidari Kamroudi Mohsen Moshkabid Haghighi Ali Asghar Shojaei

Purpose: Considering the importance of parenting stress of mothers with mentally retarded children in their other roles, the aim of this study was determine the effect of family life education on parenting stress components of mothers with mentally retarded children in More

Purpose: Considering the importance of parenting stress of mothers with mentally retarded children in their other roles, the aim of this study was determine the effect of family life education on parenting stress components of mothers with mentally retarded children in the parent domain.Methodology: This research was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The study population was mothers with mentally retarded children of Rasht city in the academic years 2017-2018. The research sample was 60 people who according to the inclusion criteria were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced in two equal groups. The experimental group underwent of family life education for 12 sessions of 90 minutes and during this period the control group did not receive any education. To collect data were used from the researcher-made demographic information form and stresses of parenting index (Abidin, 1990) and analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method in SPSS-20.Findings: The results showed that family life education led to reduce the components of parenting stress including feelings of competence, attachment, role restriction, and depression, relationships with spouse, health and social isolation in mothers with mentally retarded children in the parent domain (P˂0.05).Conclusion: The results showed the effect of family life education on reducing parenting stress components. Therefore, therapists and health professionals can use family life education method along with other educational methods to improve family characteristics. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

51 - Compilation of the conditional-consequential matrix of separation anxiety from the viewpoint of mothers
behnood behmanesh khadijeh abolmaali alhosseini mehran azadi

Purpose: The current study deals with the qualitative study of mothers' viewpoint about separation anxiety, the etiology of separation anxiety, the way mothers deal with their children suffering from separation anxiety and its strategies. Methodology: The current resear More

Purpose: The current study deals with the qualitative study of mothers' viewpoint about separation anxiety, the etiology of separation anxiety, the way mothers deal with their children suffering from separation anxiety and its strategies. Methodology: The current research method was qualitative with the grounded theory approach based on the systematic model of Strauss and Corbin (2015). The population included mothers of children suffering from separation anxiety disorder in the first grade of primary school in Tehran in 2019, from whom 10 mothers were selected using a purposeful homogeneous and snowball methods until saturation was reached. In order to collect data, a semi-structured interview method was used. The data were analyzed with the help of MAX-QDA 2020 version.Findings: 370 primary codes were obtained, which were created through causal-interactional coding with emphasis on properties-dimensions and process-consequences of cross-causal and strategic mini-frameworks.Conclusion: Causal and procedural coding results, including internal-relational causal factors such as various genetic issues, infant and childhood symptoms, absence of mother and father, marital disputes, and external-reflective factors such as the calmness of the living environment and an accident or illness for oneself or relatives , and the prevention-compensatory strategies were useful, such as persuading the father to communicate more with the child, and useless, such as the strategy of forceful separation. In addition, through the conditional-consequence matrix, interactive and consequential aspects and the central code of early sensitization to interactions and environment, separation anxiety was obtained from the viewpoint of mothers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

52 - The Effectiveness of Treatment Based on Acceptance and Commitment to the Psychological Well-Being of Mothers of ADHD Children
Azam Sadat Mousavi Tabeshian Heman Mahmoudfakheh

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment to the psychological well-being of mothers of ADHD children. Methodology: The present study was a quasi-experimental study of pre-test-post-test designs wit More

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment to the psychological well-being of mothers of ADHD children. Methodology: The present study was a quasi-experimental study of pre-test-post-test designs with a control group. In a quasi-experimental study, 20 mothers referring to the nesting center in Mahabad in 2016 were selected by convenience sampling method and the experimental group (n = 10) and the control group (n = 10) were replaced. The intervention group received training with acceptance and commitment-based therapy and the control group did not receive training. The research tool was Reef Psychological Welfare Questionnaire (1989). Data analysis was performed using covariance analysis using SPSS software. Findings: The results showed that treatment based on acceptance and commitment was effective on the psychological well-being of mothers of ADHD children.  Also, acceptance-based therapy and commitment to all subscales of psychological well-being have been significant (P <0.05) except for autonomy subscales and positive relationships. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, acceptance and commitment-based therapy can be used to increase the psychological well-being of mothers of ADHD children. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

53 - Insecticidal and repellent effects of essential oils from different parts of Achillea millefolium against adult of Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. (Coleoptera, Silvanidae)
syedeh masoumeh Hasheminia elham Darnahal mohamad Jafarlou manijeh Jamshidi

The high damage of storage pests and the adverse effects of chemical pesticides have made the use of plant compounds as one of the best ways to control pests. However, there are still limitations such as low competitiveness for plant insecticides such as essential oils More

The high damage of storage pests and the adverse effects of chemical pesticides have made the use of plant compounds as one of the best ways to control pests. However, there are still limitations such as low competitiveness for plant insecticides such as essential oils and extracts. In this study, lethal and repellency effects of the essential oils of flowers, leaves, stems and roots of Achillea millefolium on the adult of Oryzaephilus surinamensis L. All of the bioassay experiments were conducted at temperature 28±1 0C, humidity of 65±5% and under darkness. The experiments were conducted under the randomized block design with five repetitions, each being conducted separately during 48 hours. The results of the study indicated that Achillea millefolium flower had highest lethal effect on adult of the pest in fumigant (LC50 = 14/3 µL/ml) and contact toxicities (LC50 = 8/9 µL/ml) and other parts of the plant (leaf, stem and root) had, respectively, the least lethal effect on the underlying pest. The repellency effect of the plant’s flower, leaf, stem and root was investigated on the insect using tube-Y olfactometer device. The experiment was conducted with five repetitions and each repetition was conducted with 20 insects. Results obtained from variance analysis of the data related to repellency effect of the studied extracts indicated that compared to other three extracts, flower extract of Achillea millefolium at lower concentration can repel adults of Oryzaephilus Surinamensis L. and turns to be a strong repellent. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

54 - ویژگیهای شخصیتی مادران دارای بیشاز یکفرزند استثنایی
دکتر مسعود حجازی دکتر افسانه صبحی نقی کمالی

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

55 - اثربخشی معنادرمانی به شیوه ی گروهی در افزایش ابعاد کیفیت زندگی مادران
فریده غلام زاده حسن حیدری

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

56 - پیش بینی اضطراب آشکار و پنهان دانش آموزان دختر ابتدایی از روی سبک های فرزند پروری مادران
اکرم زارع سلطانی محمد قمری

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

57 - اثر بخشی شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر ذهن آگاهی بر باورهای ارتباطی و تنظیم هیجان مادران دارای فرزندان با مشکلات رفتاری
پریسا کربلایی حسنی سیدعلی آل یاسین

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

58 - Review and Study of Achilla milefollium Essential oil Compounds in Various Stages of Development
fateme zandi toghan giti barzin SANAZ SIAHLOO

Milfoil with the scientific name Achillea Millefolium is perennial ,stable plant from Asteraceae family. this plant grows in different parts of Iran and world. milfoil mainly containing of essential oils, flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins and have various health benefit More

Milfoil with the scientific name Achillea Millefolium is perennial ,stable plant from Asteraceae family. this plant grows in different parts of Iran and world. milfoil mainly containing of essential oils, flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins and have various health benefits. due to the extensive use of essential oils of milfoil in indifferent field of medicine, cosmetic and nutrition ,it was also suggested that the chemical compounds available in this plant could be identified in various stages of plant development. Methodology: Achillea millefolium had collected during the prior stage of flowering ,after that and fruiting stage of Dizin region in Tehran province from second half of July to the early August in 2014.the samples essential oil after completely drying the plant was extracted using by Clevenger apparatus after with water distillation method and essential percentage determination of each sample, the Gas chromatography (GC( and the Gas chromatography connected the mass spectrometry )GC/MS( to identify qualitative and quantitative combination of essential oil constituent was used. normal alkans consist of the most combination of plant essential in each 3 stage before the flowering ,flowering and fruiting which the percentage of this combination was mentioned during 3 stages 46/8%,42/1%,32/4% of the total essential components respectively..in flowering and fruiting stages also ,the oxygenation monoterpene 8 Cinoel -1 has the most abundant after nonadekan composition. based on similarity of the available percentage matter ,the essential before flowering has more alignment than the essential flowering . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

59 - Parenting based on the lived experiences of mothers of hearing impaired students: a phenomenological study
Fatemeh Mortazavi kiasari Reza Donyavi Behrang Esmaeilishad

   The purpose of this research was to explain and identify of lived experiences of mothers of hearing-impaired students. The research method was qualitative and phenomenological. The statistical population consisted of all mothers with hearing-impaired childr More

   The purpose of this research was to explain and identify of lived experiences of mothers of hearing-impaired students. The research method was qualitative and phenomenological. The statistical population consisted of all mothers with hearing-impaired children whose children were enrolled in exceptional primary schools in Sari and Miandorud cities. Purposive sampling method was used until data saturation. The data collection tool was interview. The total reliability is equal to 0.90 by the method of two coders. In order to analyze the data, the seven-step method of Colaizi (1978) was used. Findings from the interviews were classified in 10 main themes including "eliminating the feeling of loneliness in a deaf child"; "Fixing the feeling of despair in a deaf child"; "a lot of interaction with a deaf child"; "Eliminating the feeling of helplessness in a deaf child"; "Fixing the feeling of fatigue in a deaf child", "Emotion control"; "Searching for communication solutions", "Using the experiences of mothers with deaf children"; "Accepting the child's deaf problem"; "Getting a child" and 30 subthemes. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

60 - Effectiveness of the Acceptance-Based Education and commitment on the improvement of parental stress in girls’ elementary school mothers
Zahra Mohammadi Seyed Abbas Hashemi

    The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance-based education and commitment on the improvement of parental stress in girls’ elementary school mothers. The research method was semi-experimental with running pre-test More

    The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance-based education and commitment on the improvement of parental stress in girls’ elementary school mothers. The research method was semi-experimental with running pre-test and post-test. 60 mothers were selected among all primary school students’ mothers in Khomeini-Shahr (Isfahan) during the academic year of 2012-13.They were selected based on the research entering criteria and “available sampling” technique interview and they were randomly put into experimental group (30 mothers) and control group (30 mothers). The experimental group was under the family education based on acceptance and commitment trophy for ten 90-minute sessions. The Abidin self-reporting Questionnaire (1990) was used to assess stress in the parent-child system. The Data was analyzed by covariance analysis method. The findings of this research showed that an independent variable has an effect on empowerment, child temper, acceptance and compatibility. But, family education based on acceptance and commitment intervention failed to improve the performance of children in inattention / excessive action variable (P <0.05). In general, the results of this study indicated that the family education program based on acceptance and commitment resulted in improvement of parental stress in mothers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

61 - The effect of problem-based coping strategies on mothers` stress with learning disabilities children (LD).
Hossein Ebrahimi Moghadam Leila arab Yarmohammadi Maryam Zadbagher seighalani Mohammad Arab Ameri

The  purpose  of  this study was to determine the efficacy and coping  skills training to improve stress problem -  based coping strategies in  all  of  mothers  with  children who are learning – disabled . This &n More

The  purpose  of  this study was to determine the efficacy and coping  skills training to improve stress problem -  based coping strategies in  all  of  mothers  with  children who are learning – disabled . This  study is  quasi  -  experimental  (pre – test – post -  test with control  group) . The  population  includes  mothers  with  learning  disabilities  children   in  Shahrood  city  in   primary  school ,  in the 2013 – 2014  that  they reffered  to learning  -  disabled center  in shahrood  city  . Sample  size  of  30 randomly selected  mothers  in  the  two  groups  ( in each group 15 mothers ) .  experimental  group    participated  in eight sessions , Finally , after  3  weeks , both groups were  assessed  with  Lazarus stress  and  coping  strategies  efficacy and they answere  to  coping  skills training  questionnaire .   Data were  analyzed  with  Spss  20 software for as  descriptive statistics , t - tests and  covariate  analysis ( ANCOVA ).  The  results showed  that  the  problem  -  based  coping skills training  ,  improved  the  stress coping strategies of mothers  with learning disabled children . The findings shows  that  it  can  improve problem-based  coping  skills with  training program  for mothers  with  learning  disabilities  and  other problems can  be    used. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

62 - Predictive factors of eating disorders on general health and nutrition attitudes of children of mothers
Mohamad Reza Zarbakhsh Bahri علی Shahbazi Sahar Shahri Lida Shamsazar Masoome Shahri Solmaz Rahbar Farzami Hagh

One of the prevalent psychological disorders, mostly in the late teens and young hood is nutritional disorders, that characterized by abnormal eating patterns and cognitive Impairment related to nutrition and health. The research aims at finding out the relation between More

One of the prevalent psychological disorders, mostly in the late teens and young hood is nutritional disorders, that characterized by abnormal eating patterns and cognitive Impairment related to nutrition and health. The research aims at finding out the relation between mothers’ general health and nutrition attitude with their female children’s nutrition attitude and Its Prediction power.In this descriptive study of a correlation type, 250 female students and their mothers were selected in Gonbad Kavous city through cluster random sampling. The data gathered by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). The data gathered were analyzed through Correlation test and multivariate regression, was used model Stepwise.The results showed that all components of public health and nutrition attitudes of mothers and eating disorders in children a significant relationship with the meaningful factors for eating disorders and nutrition attitudes than other variables, and in the attitude to power of a variable (used Food), the mother of the most useful predictor variable for fear of puberty daughter. In the second equation attitude to feeding mothers variable (oral control) the most useful predictor of interpersonal distrust daughter. Finally back attitude to mothers fed variable (oral control) would be the most useful predictor variable in the equation. In total perfectionist attitude toward public health nutrition mother variables could predict children's eating disorders. The family’s status of general health specifically that of the mother as well as the family members’ nutrition attitudes can be effective on children’s body forms and their dietary. ر Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

63 - Effectiveness of Instructional Hope centered Parenting Package on Parental Stress of Mothers of Preschool Children in Isfahan
Mehdi Mazaheri Tehrani Mohammad Masoud Dayariyan Fatemeh Javadzadeh Shahshahani

10.30495/jwsf.2021.1923207.1539

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of instructional hope centered  parenting package on Parenting Stress of  mothers of  Preschool children in Isfahan. The research method was quasi-experimental, pre-test-post-test and follow-up with More

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of instructional hope centered  parenting package on Parenting Stress of  mothers of  Preschool children in Isfahan. The research method was quasi-experimental, pre-test-post-test and follow-up with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the study was mothers of preschool children in Isfahan in 2020, of which 30 mothers were screened through accessible sampling. Finally, 30 mothers randomly assigned to the experimental group (15 mothers) and the control group (15 mothers). The applied instruments included instructional hope center parenting package (researcher-made) and short form Parenting Stress (Abidin,1983). Participants in both groups completed short form of Parenting Stress questionary in three stages. The experimental group received a 90-minute training package (researcher-made) for 10 sessions. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS software. The results indicated the effect of the Instructional Hope Center Parenting Package on the score of negative Parenting Stress (P< 0.05) in the post-test stage and the stability of this effect in the follow-up stage.  The results of the study suggest evidences that training this package to reduce ParentingStress in mothers. This research can be useful for psychotherapists and counselors in the field of family and children counseling and choosing the type of intervention to educate parents. Stress in three stages. The experimental group received a 90-minute training package (researcher-made) for 10 sessions. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS software. The results indicated the effect of the Instructional Hope centered Parenting Package on the score of negative Parenting Stress (P< 0.05) in the post-test stage and the stability of this effect in the follow-up stage.  The results of the study suggest evidences training though this package can reduce the parenting stress in mothers. This research can be useful for psychotherapists and counselors in the field of family and children counseling and choosing the type of intervention to educate parents. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

64 - Comparison of the effectiveness of parenting education based on acceptance and commitment and parenting based on positive psychology on emotion regulation, resilience and mother-child relationship in mothers of children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder
Mahboobeh Banani Naser Amini Mahmood Borjali Moloud Keykhosravani

10.30495/jwsf.2022.1954539.1671

Mothers of children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder face significant challenges. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based parenting education and parenting based on positive psychology on emotion regulatio More

Mothers of children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder face significant challenges. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based parenting education and parenting based on positive psychology on emotion regulation, resilience and mother-child relationship in the statistical population of mothers with children with disabilities. Attention / hyperactivity 8 to 12 years old boy in Tehran in 1399-1400 was a quasi-experimental research method with a pre-test-post-test design with 2 expriences group and one control group. By available sampling, 45 volunteer mothers were included in the study and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. The research instruments were the Graz and Roemer Emotion Difficulty Scale, the Conroy-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Pianta Mother-Child Relationship Scale, which included parenting and commitment training based on Kevin and Morrell and Seligman's Positive Psychology training. To analyze the data, descriptive indices (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate analysis of covariance) were used in SPSS software version 22. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the parenting group based on acceptance and commitment, the parenting group based on positive psychology and the control group in the mean score of emotion regulation and mother-child relationship. But there was no significant difference in the mean resilience score, so counselors are advised to use the findings of the present study in line with clinical interventions to help better emotion regulation increase resilience and improve the quality of mother-child relationship in mothers of children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

65 - the effectiveness of group education based on religious spiritual approach Islam oriented on psychological distress, Guilt and quality of perceived marital relationship of educable student's mothers
Nazila Mazruei Marziyeh. Alivandivafa. Naeimeh Moheb

10.30495/jwsf.2023.1975613.1790

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the difference in effectiveness of group training based on Islam-oriented spiritual-religious approach on psychological disturbance, guilt and the perceived quality of marital relationship of mothers of intelle More

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the difference in effectiveness of group training based on Islam-oriented spiritual-religious approach on psychological disturbance, guilt and the perceived quality of marital relationship of mothers of intellectually disabled students. This research was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test and control group design; the statistical population included all the mothers of Intellectually disability students in the academic year 1399-1400 who were studying in exceptional primary schools in Tabriz city, of these, 24 samples were selected in 1 experimental groups of 12 people and 1 control group of 12 people. According to the construction of the research and the current conditions (coronavirus), the purposeful sampling method was used to select the sample. The instruments which used were Doss psychological disturbance questionnaire (1995), guilt questionnaire (self-aware emotion) (1992) and Fletcher's perceived relationship quality scale (2002). One of the experimental groups received the mindfulness training program (8 sessions), the next group did not receive the Gestalt training program (10 sessions) and spiritual-religious approach (11 sessions) and the control group did not receive the training program. Multivariate covariance analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings of this research showed that Group training based on the spiritual-religious approach of Islam is effective on psychological disturbance, guilt and perceived marital relationship quality of mothers of intellectually disability students. Based on the results obtained from this research, it can be concluded that group training based on the spiritual-religious approach based on Islam can be used as complementary interventions to reduce problems and improve the psychological problems of mothers of students with Intellectually disabilities. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

66 - Investigating the effectiveness of mother's behavioral management group training on the level of aggression, anxiety and depression of mothers with 4-7 years old children
Maryam Movahednejad Seyed davoud Hosseininasab Marziyeh Alivandi Vafa

10.30495/jwsf.2023.1987382.1853

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group behavioral management of mothers on the level of aggression, anxiety and depression of mothers with children aged 4 to 7 years. The research method was a semi-experimental method with a pre-test and More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group behavioral management of mothers on the level of aggression, anxiety and depression of mothers with children aged 4 to 7 years. The research method was a semi-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research included mothers of children aged 4 to 7 years in Tabriz city in 1401, who referred to Shahryar Hospital and private clinic to solve their children's problems, among which mothers were selected from two treatment centers and 20 mothers from each center were selected purposefully. The mothers of the first center were exposed to group trainings of mothers' behavioral management, and the mothers of the second center did not receive any training as a control group. Before the implementation of educational programs, two groups were tested by Bass and Perry aggression, Beck's anxiety questionnaire, Beck's depression questionnaire, for the first experimental group, behavioral management training for mothers was implemented in 8 sessions of 90 minutes, and the control group did not receive any training, finally by doing it again Response to aggression, anxiety and depression questionnaire was done by mothers after the test. The data of this research was done using SPSS software and in two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics with ANCOVA analysis. The research findings indicated that the group training of mothers' behavior management is more effective than the control group on the level of aggression, anxiety and depression of mothers with children aged 4 to 7 years. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

67 - مقایسه ‌مسؤولیت ‌پذیری ‌و ‌انگیزه ‌پیشرفت ‌تحصیلی ‌در ‌نوجوانان با ‌مادران ‌شاغل ‌و ‌خانه ‌دار ‌(پسر ‌و ‌دختر)
اکرم السادات حسینی مجید ضرغام حاجبی عباس حبیب زاده مریم احمدی فقیه

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

68 - رابطه طرحواره های ناسازگار اولیه مادران با اضطراب آشکار و پنهان دانش آموزان دخترابتدایی
اکرم زارع سلطانی محمد قمری

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

69 - تأثیر ‌درمان گروهی شناختی- رفتاری بر سلامت روان و باورهای غیرمنطقی مادران دارای فرزند مبتلا به اوتیسم
شهرام مامی کامران امیریان

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

70 - نقش سبک حل مسأله در پیش بینی سازگاری زناشوییِ ‏ مادران کودکان استثنایی ‏ ‏
مونا کارگر محمد جواد اصغری ابراهیم آباد

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

71 - Improvement of Seed Germination, Seedling Vigor and Yield of Achillea santolina and A. millefolium by Physical Priming Techniques
Bahram Mirshekari

To study the effect of physical primings on growth and yield of Achillea santolina and A. millefolium two experiments were conducted in Islamic Azad University of Tabriz, Iran, with three replications during 2014. Treatments were ultrasonication, laser, magnetic field, More

To study the effect of physical primings on growth and yield of Achillea santolina and A. millefolium two experiments were conducted in Islamic Azad University of Tabriz, Iran, with three replications during 2014. Treatments were ultrasonication, laser, magnetic field, gamma and beta radiations for 5, 10 and 15 min. along with a control. By increasing ultrasonic exposure time of Achillea santolina seed its germination was delayed. Seeds treated with ultrasonic wave for 5-10 min. and laser for 5 min. produced seedlings with higher vigors. Seeds of A. millefolium hydroprimed germinated only by 65%. Also, seeds of plants treated by magnetic field, gamma and beta radiations produced weaker seedlings. Achillea santolina plants treated by ultrasonic waves produced higher essence percentage. Essence yields of seeds of both species expesed to ultrasonic wave and laser were higher than the other ones. The effects of seedling vigor index and number of secondary branches on yield of both species were 1.90 and 1.85 times greater than that of final germination percentage. Ultrasonication and laser treatment of Achillea seeds resulted in both strong seedlings and higher essence yields. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

72 - Biochemical and antimicrobial properties of bacterial endophytes isolated from yarrow (Achillea millefolium) and tragacanth (Astragalus Gossypium) in Fars geographical regions
Z. Erjaee S.S. Shekarforoush S. Hosseinzadeh

10.30495/jfh.2019.669288

Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) and tragacanth (Astragalus Gossypium) are medicinal plants in the Middle East that have been used for medical purposes. The presence of endophytic bacteria in the medicinal plants has been recently focused by many researchers. Endophytes ar More

Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) and tragacanth (Astragalus Gossypium) are medicinal plants in the Middle East that have been used for medical purposes. The presence of endophytic bacteria in the medicinal plants has been recently focused by many researchers. Endophytes are bacteria and fungi in the inner parts of the plant tissues which in addition to their benefits for the plants, contain effective bioactive compounds. In this research, endophytic bacteria were isolated from yarrow and tragacanth. Their antifungal and antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Escherichia coli (ATTC 35218), Salmonella Typhimurium(ATCC 14028), Listeria monocytogenes (PTCC 1163) and Aspergillus niger (PTCC 5154) were assessed using disk diffusion method. Bacteria having antimicrobial activity were further identified by 16S rDNA, biochemical characteristics and enzyme activities. The bacteria isolated from yarrow and tragacanth were found as Bacillus safensis and Bacillus pumilus, respectively. These isolates showed inhibitory effects against the tested fungi. B. safensis could ferment D- glucose, sucrose, mannitol, and lactose. The activities of oxidase, catalase, gelatinase, protease, and amylase enzymes were also investigated. B. pumilus could only ferment D-glucose and represented the activities of oxidase, catalase, and amylase. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

73 - Comparing the effectiveness of positive parenting training for parents and behavioral management training for mothers on the level of aggression, anxiety and depression of mothers with 4-7 years old children.
Maryam Movahednejad Seyyed Davod Hosseininasab Marzieh Alidvandi Vefa

10.30495/jinev.2023.1981069.2843

The purpose of this research is to compare the effectiveness of positive parenting group training for parents and behavioral management group training for mothers on the level of anxiety, aggression and depression of mothers with 4-7-year-old children. The research was More

The purpose of this research is to compare the effectiveness of positive parenting group training for parents and behavioral management group training for mothers on the level of anxiety, aggression and depression of mothers with 4-7-year-old children. The research was also conducted in a semi-experimental way with a research design of 3 groups (one control group and two experimental groups) with pre-test and post-test. The statistical population included mothers of children aged 4 to 7 years in Tabriz who had referred to Shahriar Hospital and two private clinics to solve their children's problems, among which mothers from three medical centers and 20 parents from each center were selected purposefully. Before the implementation of the educational programs, three groups were tested by Bass and Perry aggression questionnaire (1992), Beck anxiety (1967) and Beck depression (1964). It was carried out in 8 sessions of 90 minutes and the control group did not receive any training. Finally, the post-test was done by answering the aggression, anxiety and depression questionnaire again. The data of this research was done using SPSS software and at two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics with ANCOVA and independent t analysis. Research findings indicate that positive parenting group training for parents and behavioral management group training for mothers have an effect on the level of aggression, anxiety and depression of mothers with 4-7 years old children, and both trainings are more effective than the control group, but group training for children Positive parenting is more powerful than behavioral management group training for mothers. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

74 - تأثیر عصاره آللوپاتیک چهار گیاه دارویی بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی علف‌هرز تاتوره (Datura stramonium L.)
علی بابائی رفعت حسنی نسب فرزانه سیده آسیه خاتمی محمد تقی آل ابراهیم

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

75 - Investigating the chemical composition of flower and leaf essential oil Achillea pachycephala Rech. F.
کامکار jaymand محمدباقر rezaee

The yarrow genus in Iran has 19 species of perennial and often aromatic herbaceous plants, seven of which are unique to Iran. In this research, the yarrow species with the scientific name Achillea pachycephala Rech. F. It was collected from Damavand peak at an altitude More

The yarrow genus in Iran has 19 species of perennial and often aromatic herbaceous plants, seven of which are unique to Iran. In this research, the yarrow species with the scientific name Achillea pachycephala Rech. F. It was collected from Damavand peak at an altitude of 3200 to 3800 meters in the beginning of Shahrivar month of 2013. The sample was extracted by water distillation method. The yield of essential oil in flowers was 1.3% and in leaves was 0.5%. The samples were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography connected to mass spectrometer (GC/MS). The major compounds in the flower were trans-pinocarveol (29.2%), limonene (18.2%), myrtenyl acetate (17%) and pinocarvone (11.1%), which totaled 75.5% of 99.9% of the total It includes essential oil, and camphor (33.8 percent), 1,8-cineole (24 percent) and pinocampheol (16 percent) were found in the leaf, which was 73.8 percent out of 99.3 percent of the total essential oil. At the same time, the percentage of identified compounds is of special importance in relation to the species of this genus Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

76 - Investigation on Chemical Constituents of Essential oils from Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch from two local by Distillation methods
کامکار Jaimand mb Rezaee معصومه Mazandrani

The compostion of the oils from flower and leaf of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch were collected during the flowering priod from 15 km away from Esfhan on alt. 1650 m. in July 2003. The essential oils were obtained by different methods of distillation (steam distillation a More

The compostion of the oils from flower and leaf of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch were collected during the flowering priod from 15 km away from Esfhan on alt. 1650 m. in July 2003. The essential oils were obtained by different methods of distillation (steam distillation and hydrodistillation), the percentage of oils for flower were 0/17% and 0.25% respectively, and calculated on the dry weight, and analysis by GC and GC/MS. The major constituents determined by hydrodistillation method in flower were p–cymene (33.3%), terpinolene (11.2%) and a-thujene (10.9%) and by steam distillation method in flower were p – cymene (22.1%), germacrene B (11%) and terpinolene (9.8%), respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

77 - بررسی کمی و کیفی ترکیبات شیمیایی روغن اسانس سرشاخه‌های گلدار گیاه دارویی Achillea millefolium L. در منطقه مراوه‌تپه، استان گلستان
سیده زهره میردیلمی غلامعلی حشمتی معصومه مازندرانی حسین بارانی

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

78 - ترکیبات شیمیایی و اثر ضدباکتریایی اسانس گیاه بومادران جمع آوری شده از شهرستان خوی (Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch)
علی امین خانی

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

79 - Ethnobotany, chemical composition and antibacterial activity of the essential oil from Achillea micranta L. in Golestan province
masome Mazandarani m,b Rezaei E.O Ghaemi, ب Behmanesh ع Ahmadi ا Chamani,

10.30495/iper.2006.692699

Achillea micranta L. is a wild endemic medicine herb with important therapeutic effects has been used in traditional north of Iran. GC-MS analysis of the isolated essential oil from  flowering aerial parts of A. micranta resulted to identification of 23 constituent More

Achillea micranta L. is a wild endemic medicine herb with important therapeutic effects has been used in traditional north of Iran. GC-MS analysis of the isolated essential oil from  flowering aerial parts of A. micranta resulted to identification of 23 constituents, that eucalyptol (1,8-cineol) with 19.9%, borneol (11.9%), camphor(11.1%) and thujene (5.1%) were the major constituent of essential oil studied, respectively. The antibacterial activity was individually evaluated against 2 tested bacteria. We concluded that the essential oil showed a good antibacterial activity against tested bacteria but the Gram-positive bacteria staphylococcus aureus was more sensitive. This study confirms that the essential oil of A. micranta L. possesses antibacterial properties in vitro. 1,8-cineol, borneol and camphor can be considered as the main antibacterial constituents of the oil studied. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

80 - Study of the plant growth stages effect on the color, content and composition of essential oil of Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch. Case Study: Qushchi Ghat in West Azerbaijan province
Fatemeh Nejadhabibvash Hasan Medavadi kia samira Toufigh Majid Ali Mohammadyan Ghita Amirfathi Shadab Panahi

Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch.  belongs to Asteraceae family, is widely found in different regions of Iran and used for treatment of different diseases. In this research, apical shoots of Achillea wilhelmsii at three different developmental stages includingvegetative More

Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch.  belongs to Asteraceae family, is widely found in different regions of Iran and used for treatment of different diseases. In this research, apical shoots of Achillea wilhelmsii at three different developmental stages includingvegetative (May), flowering (June) and end of flowering (July) stages were collected from natural habitat in 2016 from Qushchi region (Urmia) in West Azerbaijan peovince. Essential oil were obtained by water - distillation method (Clevenger apparatus) and were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The results were showed that at different harvest times, the color, yield and the quality and quantity of essential oils were also different.  The camphor (57.5%) and camphene (8.56%) were the main components of plant essential oil at the before flowering stage and their amount were reduced after flowering stage. In contrast, the eucalyptol (13.18%), borneol (18.91%), bicyclo heptanes (0.43%) and thujane (15.35%) had the highest amount at the end of flowering stage. Analysis of results were showed that plant essential oils have active ingredients of different quality and quantity at various growth stages and accordingly will have different pharmaceutical effects.     Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

81 - Essential oil composition and antioxidant activity of Salvia officinalis L. and Achillea millefoliom L. from Kerman province
syed Mohammad Ali Vakili Shahrbabaki

Salvia officinalis L. and Achillea millefoliom L. have been reported as  an antioxidant, anti infection and anti inflammatory. In this study aerial parts of both of plants in blooming were collected in June 2014 (1700m) from their natural habitats in Kerman provinc More

Salvia officinalis L. and Achillea millefoliom L. have been reported as  an antioxidant, anti infection and anti inflammatory. In this study aerial parts of both of plants in blooming were collected in June 2014 (1700m) from their natural habitats in Kerman province. Essential oils were obtained by hydro-distillation (Clevenger apparatus) and were analyzed by GC/MS. Total phenol content was measured by Folin–Ciocalteau method and their antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH. Results were showed that the oil of Salvia officinalis L. had higher amount of phenolic compounds (1.8 mg E GA/ml) and antioxidant activity(99.48% radical scavenging). The camphor (33.6%), α-tujene (25.4%) and 1,8-cineole(13.8%) were the most components of S.officinalis L. essential oil, respectively and the 1,8-cineole (22.3%), carvacrol (15%) and γ-terpinene were the most components of A.millefolium L. These results were confirmed that the secondary metabolites of these plants possess antioxidant activity and could be used as a natural antioxidant ingredient in food and drug industries. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

82 - Phytochemical and antioxidant activity of essential oil in root of Achillea millefolium, Achillea biebersteinii in natural regions of Gilan province
Farshid Rezaei Rashid Jamei

In recent years, some reports have been presented about the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of some  root essential oils of  Achillea species. This research carried out in order to evaluating of oil yield, phytochemical variation and antioxidant activ More

In recent years, some reports have been presented about the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of some  root essential oils of  Achillea species. This research carried out in order to evaluating of oil yield, phytochemical variation and antioxidant activity of root essential oils of Achillea millefolium L. and Achillea biebersteinii Afan. These plants were collected in June 2016 from Dogaheh region of Rudbar (1700 m) in Gilan province. The essential oils were obtained by water distillation method (Clevenger apparatus) and were analyzed by (GC/MS) .The phenolic contents were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC),total phenols and flavonoids were determined according to the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure and aluminum chloride colorimetric method, respectively. The antioxidant activity of the essential oils was also evaluated by 1, 1 -diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging technique. The findings showed that the main compounds of the A. millefolium essential oil include :β-thujone (18.83%), δ-cadinene (16.87%) and boneol (14.51%), whereas the most abundant compounds in the A. biebersteiniioil were 1,8-cineol (28.82%), p-cimene (15.12%) and camphor (8.34%). According to results, although the total flavonoid content in Achilleamillefolium (54.75 mg/ml oil) was lower than  A.biebersteinii (72.33 mg/ml oil), it had the highest antioxidant activity (74%). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

83 - بررسی اثر آللوپاتیک گیاه Achillea wilhelmsii درکنترل علف هرز Amaranthus retroflexus و میزان عملکرد رشد Glycins max
روح اله دستور سهراب محمودی غلامرضا زمانی

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

84 - تأثیر عصاره آللوپاتیک چهار گیاه دارویی بر شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی علف‌هرز تاتوره (Datura stramonium L.)
علی بابائی رفعت حسنی نسب فرزانه سیده آسیه خاتمی محمد تقی آل ابراهیم

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

85 - ترکیبات شیمیایی و فعالیت ضد‌میکروبی اسانس بومادران علیه باکتری‌ها و قارچهای بیماریزای شایع در ماهی
میلاد عادل آرمین عابدین امیری مریم دیوبند رضا سفری الهام خلیلی

مقدمه و هدف: با افزایش مقاومت عوامل بیماریزا در ماهی نسبت به داورهای شیمیایی، استفاده از گیاهان دارویی با خواص ضد میکروبی ضروری به نظر میرسد. در این مطالعه ترکیبات شیمیایی بخشهای هوایی اسانس بومادران وحشی پرورش یافته در رشتهکوههای زاگرس (جنوب غربی ای More

مقدمه و هدف: با افزایش مقاومت عوامل بیماریزا در ماهی نسبت به داورهای شیمیایی، استفاده از گیاهان دارویی با خواص ضد میکروبی ضروری به نظر میرسد. در این مطالعه ترکیبات شیمیایی بخشهای هوایی اسانس بومادران وحشی پرورش یافته در رشتهکوههای زاگرس (جنوب غربی ایران) تعیین و خواص ضد میکروبی آن بر روی باکتریها و قارچهای بیماریزای شایع در ماهی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. روش تحقیق: در این مطالعه، خواص ضد میکروبی اسانس بومادران علیه پنج باکتری شامل استرپتوکوکوس اینیائی، یرسینیا راکری، ویبریو آنگوئیلاروم، آئروموناس هیدروفیلا و سودوموناس آئروجینوزا و چهار قارچ بیماریزای: ساپرولگنیا، فوزاریوم سولانی، کاندیدا آلبیکنز و آسپرژیلوس فلاوس مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. همچنین، ترکیبات تشکیل دهنده اسانس بومادران با استفاده از دستگاه گاز کروماتوگرافی- طیف سنج جرمی (GC/MS) تعیین شد. نتایج و بحث: بازده اسانس جمع آوری شده از استان چهارمحال و بختیاری 63/0% بود. مهمترین ترکیبات تشکیل دهنده اسانس بومادران شامل: 8-1 سینئول (2/25%)، کامفور (9/18%)، لینالول (9/6%)، بارنئول (7/5%) و آرتیمزیا (3/4%) بود. همه میکروارگانیسمهای مورد مطالعه نسبت به اسانس بومادران حساسیت بیشتری را نسبت به آنتی بیوتیکهای کنترل نشان دادند. بشترین خواص ضد باکتری و ضدقارچی بومادران به ترتیب علیه باکتری یرسینیا راکری (با قطر هاله مهار رشد 4/25 میلیمتر) و قارچ کاندیدا آلبیکنز (25 میلیمتر) مشاهده شد. این در حالی است که کمترین حساسیت نسبت به باکتری استرپتوکوکوس اینیائی (4/16 میلیمتر)  و قارچ آسپرژیلوس فلاوس (14 میلیمتر) مشاهده شد. علاوه بر این، حداقل غلظت مهار کنندگی رشد (MIC) اسانس مورد مطالعه در محدوده 125 تا 800 میکروگرم/ لیتر تعیین شد که قادر به مهار رشد باکتریها و قارچهای بیماریزای منتخب بود. توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی: نتایج این تحقیق نشان دهنده آن است که اسانس بومادران میتواند به عنوان یک منبع بالقوه جدید و موثرتر از آنتی بیوتیکهای تجاری در صنعت آبزیان مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. هر چند که، انجام مطالعات بیشتر به منظور خالص سازی، جداسازی و تعیین ترکیبات دارای خواص ضد میکروبی اسانس بومادران ضروری به نظر میرسد.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

86 - شناسایی ترکیبات اسانس برگ گونه بومادران زیرگونه البرزی Achillea millefolium subsp. elbursensis
منصوره قوام

مقدمه و هدف: بومادران (Achillea millefolium) یکی از گونه های با ارزش دارویی و صنعتی موجود در مراتع ایران و متعلق به خانواده کاسنی Asteraceae است. این گیاه به طور خودرو در دشتها، کنار جاده ها و نواحی کوهستانی می روید. از نظر درمانی التیام دهنده جراحات بوده و به علت More

مقدمه و هدف: بومادران (Achillea millefolium) یکی از گونه های با ارزش دارویی و صنعتی موجود در مراتع ایران و متعلق به خانواده کاسنی Asteraceae است. این گیاه به طور خودرو در دشتها، کنار جاده ها و نواحی کوهستانی می روید. از نظر درمانی التیام دهنده جراحات بوده و به علت دارا بودن تانن و مواد تلخ و عطری بر روی سلسله اعصاب و قلب اثر می نماید. این گیاه در ایران دارای دو زیر گونه شامل elbursensisAchillea millefolium subsp. (بومادران البرزی) وA. millefolium subsp. millefolium (بومادران هزاربرگ) می باشد که از نظر اختصاصات ظاهری بسیار شبیه به هم بوده و تنها از نظر ارتفاع، اندازه و رنگ گل آذین از هم متفاوت هستند. هدف ازاینتحقیق،استخراجوشناسائیترکیبهایتشکیلدهندهاسانسبرگ گونه بومادران زیر گونه البرزی A. millefolium subsp. elbursensis است. روش تحقیق:به منظور نمونه برداری از زیر گونه البرزی در هنگام گلدهی در اوایل تیرماه  در رویشگاه دیزین (3350 متر) برگهای گیاه مورد نظر در طول یک ترانسکت 100 متری از سه نقطه به طور تصادفی جمع آوری گردید. سپس از هر نمونه گیاهی خشک شده به مدت 2 ساعت اسانس گیری و جهت شناسایی ترکیبهای اسانس از دستگاه کروماتوگرافی متصل به طیف سنج جرمی (GC/MS) استفاده شد. نتایج و بحث: بازدهیاسانسبرگهای گیاه 82/0% (حجمی/وزنی) به دست آمد. تعداد 20 ترکیب اسانس شناسایی شد که دو ترکیب کامازولن 2/69٪، ای-کاریوفیلن4/4٪ و 1و8 سینئول 9/4٪، ترکیبات اصلی و مهم در زیرگونه البرزی بودند. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: با توجه به نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق زیر گونه البرزی منبع غنی و منحصر به فرد کامازولن است که به عنوان یک ذخیره ژنتیکی بومی باید در محیط طبیعی حفظ شود و تدابیری جهت کشت و انبوه سازی آن فراهم گردد. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

87 - اثر تنش خشکی بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی بومادران بیابانی (Achillea tenuifolia Lam)
شیما غریبی بدرالدین ابراهیم سید طباطبایی قدرت الله سعیدی سید امیرحسین گلی مجید طالبی

مقدمه و هدف: تنش های اسمزی در گیاهان باعث تولید رادیکال های آزاد شده و گیاهان برای پاکسازی این رادیکال های سمی راهبرد های گوناگونی را در پیش میگیرند که از مهم ترین آنها تولید و تجمع متابولیت های ثانویه می باشد. امروزه این موضوع محققین را بر آن داشته است که از More

مقدمه و هدف: تنش های اسمزی در گیاهان باعث تولید رادیکال های آزاد شده و گیاهان برای پاکسازی این رادیکال های سمی راهبرد های گوناگونی را در پیش میگیرند که از مهم ترین آنها تولید و تجمع متابولیت های ثانویه می باشد. امروزه این موضوع محققین را بر آن داشته است که از تنش های محیطی به خصوص تنش خشکی برای افزایش ترکیبات مهم ثانویه مانند فنول ها و آنتی اکسیدانها بهره بگیرند. از جمله گیاهان دارویی ارزشمند، گیاه بومادران بیابانی (Achillea tenuifolia) میباشد که گیاهی است چند ساله که دارای بسیاری از خواص دارویی است.روش تحقیق: به منظور بررسی اثر تنش خشکی، چهار تیمار مختلف (25%، 50%، 75%و 100 % تخلیه رطوبتی بر اساس ظرفیت مزرعه) با سه تکرار در گلدان های پلاستیکی واقع در گلخانه اعمال شد و پس از 30 روز، برگ نمونه ها برداشت و آزمایشات اندازه گیری کل ترکیبات فنولیک، فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی با سه مدل سیستم DPPH،  قدرت احیا کنندگی آهن و روش بی رنگ شدن بتاکاروتن اندازه گیری شد. غلظت مالون دی آلدهید و میزان تجمع پرولین نیز در برگ گیاه محاسبه گردید.نتایج و بحث: تنش خشکی در گیاه بومادران بیایانی توانست به صورت معنی داری میزان ترکیبات فنولیک و فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی آنها (در دو مدل سیستم DPPH و بی رنگ شدن بتاکاروتن) را افزایش دهد. میزان پرولین و مالون دی آلدهید نیز با افزایش شدت تنش افزایش یافت. در حالی که بر اساس مدل قدرت احیا کنندگی، اختلاف معنی داری میان سطوح 25% و 50% ظرفیت مزرعه مشاهده نشد.توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی: با توجه به نتایج حاصل از تحقیق حاضر می توان سطح 50% ظرفیت مزرعه تخلیه رطوبتی خاک یعنی تنش ملایم را سطحی مناسب جهت تحریک بیشتر تولید ترکیبات فنولیک در این گیاه توصیه نمود. در پایان، مطالعات بیشتری در خصوص اثر تنش خشکی بر مقدار سایر ترکیبات مهم موثره در این گیاه پیشنهاد می شود. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

88 - اثرتنوع فصلی بر عملکرد اسانس و خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک بومادران زاگرسی (Achillea filipendulina Lam.)
الهام زینلی مهدی رحیم ملک

مقدمه و هدف: بومادران زاگرسی filipendulina)  Achillea ( یکی از مهمترین گونه های خانواده کاسنی است و از جمله گیاهان دارویی و زینتی با ارزش محسوب میشود. شرایط آب و هوایی بر کیفیت و کمیّت ترکیبات موثره گیاهان دارویی اثر میگذارد. لذا، تعیین فصل مناسب، جه More

مقدمه و هدف: بومادران زاگرسی filipendulina)  Achillea ( یکی از مهمترین گونه های خانواده کاسنی است و از جمله گیاهان دارویی و زینتی با ارزش محسوب میشود. شرایط آب و هوایی بر کیفیت و کمیّت ترکیبات موثره گیاهان دارویی اثر میگذارد. لذا، تعیین فصل مناسب، جهت برداشت گیاه بومادران باعث بالا رفتن عملکرد ماده موثره میشود. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثر تنوع فصلی  بر عملکرد اسانس و برخی خصوصیات مورفوفیزیولوژیک بومادران زاگرسی است.  روش تحقیق: در این تحقیق، آزمایشی در قالب طرح اسپلیت پلات بر پایه بلوک کامل تصادفی با دو ژنوتیپ از گونه  A. filipendulinaدر سه تکرار اجرا شد. نمونههای اندام هوایی در هر فصل با استفاده از  دستگاه کلونجر اسانسگیری گردید و عملکرد اسانس فصول مختلف مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج و بحث: ژنوتیپ Afc کمترین میزان را از لحاظ صفات ارتفاع ، طول برگ و عرض برگ در فصل زمستان نشان داد در حالیکه ژنوتیپ Af21  بیشترین میزان را از لحاظ صفات ارتفاع و عرض برگ در فصل تابستان نشان داد. محدوده عملکرد اسانس بین ژنوتیپ ها در فصول مختلف از 01/0 تا 84/0 درصد متغیر بود. بیشترین و کمترین میزان عملکرد اسانس به ترتیب مربوط به ژنوتیپ های Afc در فصل تابستان و Af21 در فصل زمستان بود. کمترین و بیشترین میزان تجمع پراکسید هیدروژن به ترتیب مربوط به ژنوتیپ  Af21در فصل بهار و  Afcدر فصل زمستان بود. علاوه بر این، میزان تجمع مالون دی آلدهید از 3/0 تا 37/3 (نانوگرم بر وزن تر) متغیر بود. ژنوتیپهای  Afc در فصل بهار و  Af21 در فصل تابستان به ترتیب کمترین و بیشترین میزان تجمع مالون دی آلدهید را از خود نشان دادند.         توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی: با توجه به نتایج حاصل از تحقیق حاضر، جهت حصول حداکثر عملکرد وزن خشک و میزان اسانس، برداشت گیاه  به منظور اسانس گیری در اوایل تابستان توصیه میشود.     Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

89 - The prediction of aggression based on mothers' anger and personality traits of teenage girls in the ninth base of Yazd city
fereshte sadat seyes hassani

Aggression is one of the most abnormal phenomena in adolescence, and this phenomenon is an important issue in psychology and sociology studies. The incidence of aggressive behavior in adolescents, like other abnormal behaviors of this age, has a significant impact on mo More

Aggression is one of the most abnormal phenomena in adolescence, and this phenomenon is an important issue in psychology and sociology studies. The incidence of aggressive behavior in adolescents, like other abnormal behaviors of this age, has a significant impact on mothers and their educational and communication practices. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of predicting aggression based on the anger of mothers and personality traits of 9th grade girls in Yazd. The present study was a correlational study and the population of the study was all 9th grade girl students in Yazd city. For this purpose, 177 students were selected using cluster random sampling. The anger of mothers was measured using Spielberger's Anger Questionnaire (1988) and completed the sample of Bass and Perry (1992) and the Five Personality Characters Questionnaire (neo-ffi-r Costa and McCarey, 1992). The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and regression analysis were used in SPSS23 software. Results of data analysis indicated that there was a positive and significant relationship between aggression of adolescents and mothers anger at significant level (p Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

90 - Study of the role of mothers in the religious culture of adolescents in Tehran
parvin Alipoor

Despite the importance of religious issues and religious culture for the individual and society, today, in some circles, the curbs of religious values and religious cultivability are appeased, and this lack of self-expression has become apparent in the form of indiffe More

Despite the importance of religious issues and religious culture for the individual and society, today, in some circles, the curbs of religious values and religious cultivability are appeased, and this lack of self-expression has become apparent in the form of indifference and neglect of religious beliefs and beliefs. . Therefore, it is necessary to pay special attention to issues such as the religious culture of citizens and the strengthening of their religious beliefs and beliefs in society. In this regard, the role of many factors can be studied, but the most prominent role can be found in the family, especially in mothers. Accordingly, this research was conducted with the aim of studying the role of mothers in the religious culture of adolescents in Tehran. The research sample consisted of 384 mothers of 24 to 50 years old in Tehran who were selected on a quotas basis in different regions of Tehran. The findings of the study showed that the role of mothers in increasing the tendencies and religious tendencies of offended children (0.78), improving the actions and religious behaviors of offended children (0.71), increasing adherence to religious rites and religious beliefs of offended children (0.66) , Promotion of religious values of poor children (0.62) and increase of religious knowledge of offended children (0.58) have been significant and significant. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

91 - Effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Achilla millefolium and Salvia officinalis against human gastric Cancer cells
Omid Sofalian naser zare Saeed Latifi Sara Motalebinia Kobra Hasanpour

Treatment of cancer by medicinal plants has long been of interest to researchers. In the meantime, some plant species contain substances that, through apoptosis or necrosis, can inhibit or eliminate cancer cells. The family of mint and chicory are among the medicinal pl More

Treatment of cancer by medicinal plants has long been of interest to researchers. In the meantime, some plant species contain substances that, through apoptosis or necrosis, can inhibit or eliminate cancer cells. The family of mint and chicory are among the medicinal plants that have many biological effects.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Pennyroyal and Artemisia extract on gastric cancer cell line (AGS).In this study, aerial parts of plants were extracted. AGS cells were treated with the concentrations of Hydroatanolic extract (50-1000 g / ml) at 24, 48 and 72 hours intervals. Cell motility was estimated using MTT method and the rate of induction of apoptosis by flow cytometry with The Annexin-V .The results of MTT assay showed strong and dependent inhibitors of the concentration of cancer cell proliferation by various extracts of Achillea and Salvia. These extracts have a doseand time dependent anti cancer effect on AGS cells. In the study of apoptosis in treated cells, the extract of the Pennyroyal was more effective. Due to the cytotoxic effects of hydrotanolic extracts on AGS cells, these plants can be used as potential option for further studies on cancer treatment. Therefore, the purification of the active ingredient in these extracts and the determination of their effect mechanism is recommended. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

92 - Forough Farroukhzad: The Poet of Emotion and Failure
A. Baghi Nezhad

  Perhaps in Persian literature Forough Farroukhzad is the first female poet who has spoken of her feminine emotions. Feelings have merged with her poetry, giving it a new and unprecedented potentiality. She, in her poetry, has made a great use of her feminine fee More

  Perhaps in Persian literature Forough Farroukhzad is the first female poet who has spoken of her feminine emotions. Feelings have merged with her poetry, giving it a new and unprecedented potentiality. She, in her poetry, has made a great use of her feminine feelings and skills. In this way, she has acquired a new poetic understanding and a specific language use as well. Forough gets the themes of her poetry from both the realities and her own life experiences. She has skillfully blended her own life story as a woman with those of every single woman in her native land. Shortly after accomplishing her first three works namely ASEER (the Captive), Esian (the Rebellion), and DIVAR (the Wall), she did manage to broaden her views and deepen her emotions and hereby made herself a great poet with humanistic desires. She can also be regarded as a social critic. Human beings in her poetry have feminine nature in general. Her poetry is full of sensibility and emotions bearing specific courage, frankness and sincerity. This article, while presenting some of her poems, tries to review the realization of emotions and feminine features in Forough Farroukhzad poetry. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

93 - The Effect of Teaching Communication Skills to Mothers of Children with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder on Enhancement of Parent-Child Interaction
Hamed Maghrebi Sinaki Saeed Hassanzadeh AliAkbar Arjmandnia Mojgan Khademi

  T The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of communication skills training to mothers of children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on enhancement of parent-child interaction. Twenty six mothers who had 6-12 year old chil More

  T The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of communication skills training to mothers of children with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on enhancement of parent-child interaction. Twenty six mothers who had 6-12 year old children with ADHD were selected by purposeful sampling and randomly assigned into either experimental or control group. The participants completed the Pianta Parent-Child Interaction Scale (1994). The experimental group received 8 sessions of the communication skills training. The results indicated that the communication skills training had significant effect on enhancement of parent-child interaction in the experimental group. The communication skills training reduced the conflict and dependence components and increased intimacy component. Given the importance of parents education in rearing children, communication skills training to parents of children with ADHD is necessary to improve parent-child interaction in this group. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

94 - the effectiveness of attachment based theraplay on maternal sensitivity and child negative representations of self and mother
Parisa Seyed Mousavi Mohammad Ali Mazaheri Shahla Pakdaman Mahmood Heydari

the purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of attachment based theraplays using video feedback method on increasing maternal sensitivity and decreasing child's negative representations of self and mother. Twenty five motherchild dyads (12 dyads in experimenta More

the purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of attachment based theraplays using video feedback method on increasing maternal sensitivity and decreasing child's negative representations of self and mother. Twenty five motherchild dyads (12 dyads in experimental group; 13 dyads in control group) ages between three and five were selected by convenience sampling from 3 nursery schools and a counseling center in Tehran. The sample was assessed using the Maternal Behavior QSORT (Pederson, Moran, & Bento, 1999) and the MacArthur Story Stem Battery (Emed, Wolf, & Oppenheim, 2003). The research design was semi-experimental with pretest-posttest and follow up. The intervention of the experimental group was eight, 60-minute individual, weekly sessions. Mothers of the control group received an educational package focusing on increasing cognitive skills of the children. The results indicated that the attachment based theraplays have significantly increased the maternal sensitivity and significantly decreased the child's negative representations of self and mother in the experimental group. The findings suggested that using attachment based theraplay could be effective in developing secure base in preschoolers.     Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

95 - Children Behavioral Disorder and Mothers' Stress: The Mediating Role of Fatigue and Coping Strategies
Mohammad Hojati Ezatolah Ghadampoor Mohammad Abbasi Abbas Senobar

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between behavioral disorders in children and their mothers' stress through the mediator role of fatigue and coping strategies. The study design was descriptive-correlational which conducted in the 2016-2017 More

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between behavioral disorders in children and their mothers' stress through the mediator role of fatigue and coping strategies. The study design was descriptive-correlational which conducted in the 2016-2017 academic year. The participants included 226 elementary students (and their mothers) who were selected by multistage cluster random sampling in Khoramabad. Data were collected by using the Rutter’s behavioral disorder questionnaire (Rutter, 1967), Coping Strategies Scale (Carver, Scheier & Weintrub, 1989), Fatigue Assessment Scale (De Vries, Michelsen, Van Hack, & Drente, 2004) and Depression&sbquo; Anxiety&sbquo; Stress Scale (Lavibond & Lavibond, 1995). Path analysis was used as statistical method for data analysis. Test of mediation by bootstrapping method established significant mediating role of fatigue and coping strategies in the relationship between behavioral disorders and mothers’ stress. Based on the results, it can be concluded that children's behavioral disorders increase mothers’ stress by increasing their fatigue and ineffective coping strategies, and stress in mothers of children with behavioral disorders who use effective coping strategies is less than that of mothers who use ineffective coping methods. Therefore, planning to educate mothers of children with behavioral disorders in using stress management skills and encouraging them to use effective coping strategies can reduce the stress of these mothers Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

96 - The role of child rearing training skills in reducing mothers stress and children,s behavioral problems
Seyyedeh Zeinab Farzadfard Heidar A. Hooman

The present research examined the efficacy of parenting skills training in preventing stress in a non-clinical sample of mothers, and in reducing behavioral problems among children of those mothers. The Parenting Stress Index (PSI; Abidin, 1990) was administered to a sa More

The present research examined the efficacy of parenting skills training in preventing stress in a non-clinical sample of mothers, and in reducing behavioral problems among children of those mothers. The Parenting Stress Index (PSI; Abidin, 1990) was administered to a sample of 198 mothers. 51 of those mothers who scored highest in PSI were chosen and randomly assigned to two experimental (N = 26) and control (N = 25) groups, and completed the Child Behavioral Checklist (Achenbach, 2001). Quanti- tative data were analyzed using pretest-posttest (ttest), correlation coefficient, and multiple covariance analyses. Results indicated that after intervention: a) mothers in the experimental group showed lower level of stress, as compared to mothers in control group, b) children of mothers in experimental group showed less behavioral problems than children of mothers in the control group Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

97 - Development of Attachment Representations and Maternal Sensitivity
Shayesteh Shokoufefard Mohamad Ali Mazaheri, Mazaheri Mahmoud Heidari Parisa Seyed Mousavi

T his aimed to examine maternal representation and sensitivity changes as key elements of caregiving system during development. Sixty mothers and their children, aged between 18 and 60 months, were assessed using the Adult Attachment Questionnaire (Hazan &amp More

T his aimed to examine maternal representation and sensitivity changes as key elements of caregiving system during development. Sixty mothers and their children, aged between 18 and 60 months, were assessed using the Adult Attachment Questionnaire (Hazan & Shaver, 1987), the Working Model of the Child Interview (Zeanah, Benoit, Hirshberg, Barton & Regan, 1994), the Maternal Behavior Q-Sort (Pederson., Moran & Bento, 1999), and the Attachment Q-set (Waters & Deane, 1985) . The results of Chi-Square test indicated significant differences between observed and expected values among the variables in different ages. Mothers of 36-40 month children, in comparison with younger and older children’s mothers, were more likely to show "non-balanced" representation and low sensitivity. This result may be due to emerging negativity and independency during this age period and the mother's difficulty to adjust herself with these behavioral alterations. So caregiver may not be able to maintain her role as a sensitive and secure base as before. These findings suggested the impact of mother-child communication on child attachment security during development and the need to provide mothers with age-appropriate educational interventions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

98 - The Effects of Mothers’ Mindfulness Training on Children’s Self-Efficacy
Mousa Riahi Masoomeh Esmaeili Somayeh Kazemian

The present study aimed to examine the effects of mothers’ mindfulness training on children’s self-efficacy. Twenty four students were selected from high schools of Baharestan (a district of Tehran) in 2014 academic year using cluster sampling method. The pa More

The present study aimed to examine the effects of mothers’ mindfulness training on children’s self-efficacy. Twenty four students were selected from high schools of Baharestan (a district of Tehran) in 2014 academic year using cluster sampling method. The participants were randomly assigned into either control or experimental groups. The participants completed the General Self-efficacy Questionnaire (Scherrer et al., 1982). The mothers in the experimental group received mindfulness training for 120 minutes a session for eight weeks (one session per week). In this study, the pretest-posttest with a control group was used at a 90-day follow-up. The results of covariance analysis indicated that mothers’ mindfulness training increased the children’s self-efficacy (P<0.05). Given the present findings it is suggested that counselors and psychologists use group training of mindfulness for increasing children’s self-efficacy Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

99 - The Relationship of Maternal Reflective Functioning and Children’s Behavioral Problems: The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation
Zahra Goudarzi Saeed Ghanbari Shahla Pakdaman Mohammad Ali Mazaheri Elahe Vahidi

The purpose of this study was to determine the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship of maternal reflective function-ing and internalizing and externalizing problems of children. Participants included 289 mothers and children aged 6 to 12 years who we More

The purpose of this study was to determine the mediating role of emotion regulation in the relationship of maternal reflective function-ing and internalizing and externalizing problems of children. Participants included 289 mothers and children aged 6 to 12 years who were selected through convenience sampling method from different areas of Karaj. Mothers completed the Parental Reflective Func-tioning Questionnaire (Luyten et al., 2017), Emotion Regulation Checklist (Shields & Cicchetti, 1995), and Child Behavior Check-list (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001). Data were analyzed using correlation and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results showed that there were significant correlations between all subscales of reflective functioning and emotion regu- lation and externaliz-ing problems (P<0.01), and also between the pre-mentalizing mode (PM) and internalizing problems (P<0.01). Furthermore, the results of structural equation modeling indicated that emotion regulation plays a mediating role in the relationship between maternal reflective functioning and children’s internalizing and externalizing problems. In total, these findings suggested that mothers’ low reflective functioning is associated with emotional and behavioral problems in children. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

100 - بررسیعواملاجتماعیمؤثّربرتفاوتهاینگرشیدونسلمادراندختراننسبت به ارزش های اجتماعی در شهر بوکان
samad abedini sima rajab nezhad

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

101 - Achillea Santolina Hydroalcoholic Extract Induces Cell Death in Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells Cultured in Fibrin Gel
Elham Hoveizi Peyman Abdolali nejad

10.22034/ascij.2023.1966271.1420

 It is a continuing effort to develop new anticancer compounds. Some studies have reported that some compounds of Achillea Santolina have inhibitory effects on several cancer cell lines. The present study aims to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of the hydroalcoholic More

 It is a continuing effort to develop new anticancer compounds. Some studies have reported that some compounds of Achillea Santolina have inhibitory effects on several cancer cell lines. The present study aims to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Achillea Santolina on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells in fibrin hydrogel. In this experimental study, to prepare the fibrin hydrogel scaffold, an M199 medium containing 10% FBS, 1% penicillin/streptomycin, fibrinogen powder with a concentration of 3 mg/ml, and thrombin with a concentration of 120 u/ml was used. Cultured MCF-7 cells in fibrin gel were treated with hydroalcoholic extract of Achillea Santolina in 25, 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/ml concentrations for 24h. Morphology and cellular viability and proliferation were evaluated by DAPI staining and MTT assay at certain days after treatment. Also, the structure of the scaffold and the condition of the cells in the gel were investigated by photographing with a scanning electron microscope.The results of this study showed the cytotoxic effects of Achillea Santolina extract in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The concentration of 500 mg/ml of the extract of A. Santolina was determined as an IC50 concentration. Also, cell viability in the control group and treated group with extract at IC50 concentrations showed significant (P<0.05) differences on days 1, 3, and 5. The hydroalcoholic extract of Achillea Santolina can inhibit MCF-7 cell proliferation and induce cell death in a dose and time-dependent manner. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

102 - Toxicity and Repellency Effects of, Achillea Millefolium and Lavandula Angustifolia and Mentha Piperita Plants Extracts on Bracon Hebetor Adult Insect
Negin Tolou Manizheh Jamshidi Mohammad Jafarlou , Seyedeh Masoomeh Hasheminia

10.22034/ascij.2022.1943320.1327

Bracon hebetor say bee is one of the most important biological control factors that can be effective in controlling larvae of lepidoptera pests such as Helicoverpa armigera hubner at acceptable economic level. The present review was aimed at studying probable adverse ef More

Bracon hebetor say bee is one of the most important biological control factors that can be effective in controlling larvae of lepidoptera pests such as Helicoverpa armigera hubner at acceptable economic level. The present review was aimed at studying probable adverse effects of Achillea millefolium, Lavandula angustifolia, and Mentha piperita plants extracts on adult insect of the B. hebetor bee. The bee was grown on last instar larvae of Ephestia kueheniella Zell. All bioassay experiments were carried out at temperature of 26±1 °C and relative humidity of 60±5, and under photoperiod conditions of 16 hours of lightness and 8 hours of darkness. Findings of the study indicated that spearmint plant had the highest lethal effect on adult insect of B. hebetor bee in fumigant and contact toxicities and other plants, respectively, Achillea millefolium, Lavandula angustifolia, and Mentha piperita had the least lethal effect on adult insect of B. hebetor bee in fumigant and contact toxicities. The estimated LC50 value for spearmint plant at 48 hours was 6 microliters/ml in fumigant toxicity and 3.2 microliter/ml in contact toxicity. Repellency effect of spearmint, Achillea millefolium, Lavandula angustifolia, and Mentha piperita plants extracts was studied on adult insect using tube -Y olfactory-meter device. Cotton wool soaked with the extract was placed at one end of the device and the other end was closed with web and the insects were released in the main branch. Each iteration of the experiment was conducted on 20 insects. Results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the data related to repellency effect of the studied extracts indicated that being a stronger repellant compared to other two extracts, spearmint extract with lower concentration can repel adult insects of B. hebetor bee. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

103 - The Effect of Exercise during Pregnancy on Reducing Brain Histomorphometric Changes Caused by Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia
Elahe Gorgij Parichehr Yaghmaee Hamed Fanaei Mohammad Reza Shahraki Hadi Mir Ahmadi

10.22034/ascij.2022.1967711.1427

Hypoxia during pregnancy causes disturbances in the development and functioning of the brain of the fetus. Exercise during pregnancy reduces oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and is effective in improving memory. This study was conducted on pregnant Wistar rats More

Hypoxia during pregnancy causes disturbances in the development and functioning of the brain of the fetus. Exercise during pregnancy reduces oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and is effective in improving memory. This study was conducted on pregnant Wistar rats to determine the effect of exercise during pregnancy of obese mothers to reduce neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. In this study, normal and obese pregnant Wistar rats were classified into six groups. Some groups were subjected to exercise during pregnancy. Eight days after delivery, three groups of infants were subjected to hypoxia-ischemia induction by surgery and their right common carotid artery was blocked. Then, they were exposed to 8% oxygen for 90 minutes. Seven days after hypoxia-ischemia induction, neurobehavioral experiments were performed. Babies were killed at the end of the study (on the 15th day after birth) and after removing brain tissue from the skull, interleukin-6, brain edema, infarct volume, and apoptosis factors were measured. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test. Based on the results, newborn rats from obese mothers who exercised had better neurobehavioral function and BCL2 gene expression than rats born from obese mothers who did not exercise during pregnancy (p = 0.000) and Infarct volume, edema level, BAX and interleukin-6 gene expression were significantly lower (p = 0.000). Therefore, maternal exercise during pregnancy showed beneficial effects against hypoxia-ischemia damage in rat neonates. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

104 - Longitudinal study of coping in mothers of children with cancer during grieving process
saiedeh eslahkar Azam Fatahi Andabil Roya Masumi

Although loss is a common phenomenon, dealing with it and the consequential grief, specially following the loss of children due to a complicated sickness, can be difficult and challenging. Grief is a response to the permanent loss of a loved one, particularly if it is d More

Although loss is a common phenomenon, dealing with it and the consequential grief, specially following the loss of children due to a complicated sickness, can be difficult and challenging. Grief is a response to the permanent loss of a loved one, particularly if it is due to their death. The griever may experience a range of feelings from deep sorrow to anger. Coming to terms with loss differs from one person to another and depends on many factors, namely the griever’s beliefs, closeness to and level of relationship between the griever and the diseased and other factors. The goal of this research was to study the coping process of mothers who had each experienced the loss of a child. Conducting descriptive research using the convenience sampling method, 19 mothers whose children had died of cancer during the second half of the year 2017 to the first half of 2018, were chosen, and to observe their reaction to the grieving process, followed up 6 times during a 12-month period. The results of this study revealed that during this one-year period with the mothers, their bodily reaction, anger, scape and feelings of guilt subsided, while search for social support, denial, rationalization and spiritual growth increased. These mothers also showed meaningful changes on the aforementioned variables in the 6 session follow ups. The findings of the current study supported that emotional coping of grieved mothers’ decreases by time. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

105 - Effectiveness of group counseling using mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on self-compassion and family resilience
محمود فتاحی Asadollah Vaisi Omid Moradi

The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of group counseling with cognitive therapy based on mindfulness, self-compassion, and family resilience of mothers of children in education. This research was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test w More

The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of group counseling with cognitive therapy based on mindfulness, self-compassion, and family resilience of mothers of children in education. This research was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test with a control group and a follow-up period of 5 months. Sampling was done by simple random sampling. From the list of the statistical population (24) people were selected using random numbers and were placed in two experimental groups of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness, the control group. The educational intervention was conducted using Crane's educational package (2011) in 8- 2-hour sessions for the experimental group. The method of data analysis was multivariate analysis of covariance (ANOVA). The software (SPSS 22) was used for data analysis. Self-compassion, Neff (2003) and Sixby (2005) family resilience questionnaires were used as tools. The results showed that cognitive therapy based on mindfulness in the form of group counseling increases self-compassion and family resilience. Mothers of educated children have an effect and this effect was stable in the 5-month follow-up phase. According to the findings of this research, it is possible to use the cognitive therapy group counseling method based on mindfulness to increase self-compassion and family resilience. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

106 - the Effectiveness of Group Education based on the Islam—Oriented Religious Spiritual Approach on the Psychological Distress, Guilt and Quality of Perceived Marital Relationship of intellectually disabled student's mothers
nazila mazruei Marzieh Alivandi Vafa نعیمه محب

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of group training based on Islam-oriented spiritual-religious approach on psychological disturbance, guilt and the perceived quality of marital relationship of mothers of intellectually disabl More

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of group training based on Islam-oriented spiritual-religious approach on psychological disturbance, guilt and the perceived quality of marital relationship of mothers of intellectually disabled students. This research was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test and control group design; the statistical population included all the mothers of Intellectually disability students in the academic year 1399-1400 who were studying in exceptional primary schools in Tabriz city. From among this population 24 mothers were selected purposfully as the sample and put into two groups of experimental and control, each having 12 members. The instruments which Were used included Doss psychological disturbance questionnaire (1995), guilt questionnaire (self-aware emotion) (1992) and Fletcher's perceived relationship quality scale (2002). the experimental group received the In the Farsi abstract you have written that you have only one experimental and one control group spiritual-religious approach (11 sessions) and the control group did not receive the training program. Multivariate covariance analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings of this research showed that Group training based on the spiritual-religious approach of Islam is effective on psychological disturbance, guilt and perceived marital relationship quality of mothers of intellectually disability students. Based on the results obtained from this research, it can be concluded that group training based on Islam-oriented spiritualreligious approach spiritual-religious approach can be used as complementary interventions to reduce problems and solve the psychological problems of mothers of students with Intellectually disabilities. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

107 - Effects of PGPR application methods on biological yield and Chl a+b content of Yarrow (Achilea millefolium L.) under drought stress conditions
ahmad mirjalili

In order to study the effects of PGPR application methods on biological yield and Chl a+b content of Yarrow (Achilea millefolium L.) under drought stress conditions an experiment was performed at Islamic Azad University, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre-Rey Branch. More

In order to study the effects of PGPR application methods on biological yield and Chl a+b content of Yarrow (Achilea millefolium L.) under drought stress conditions an experiment was performed at Islamic Azad University, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre-Rey Branch. This experiment was carried out as a split plot based on randomized completely randomized block design with three replications. Experimental factors were included irrigation regimes as the main plot in three levels (50, 90 and 130 mm evaporation from a class pan) and PGPR application methods in four levels (Non application, root inoculation, application in irrigation water, and root inoculation+ application in irrigation) as the subplot. The results indicated that, simple effect of irrigation and PGPRS were significant on experimented traits but the interaction effects were meaningful only on biological yield content at 5% level of Probability. In this case, drought stress decrease both biological yield and Chl a+b content of yarrow. The treated plants with PGPRS had more evaluated traits compare to control. The results revealed that root inoculation + PGPR application in irrigation were more effective than the other application methods for decreasing harmless effects of drought. So the highest biological yield content (7142 kg/hec) belonged to the normal irrigation condition (50 mm irrigation regime) and 4th level of PGPR application method (root inoculation+ application in irrigation). and the highest Chl a+b content (3.7767 Mg per gram of fresh weight) belonged to the normal irrigation condition (50 mm irrigation regime) and 4th level of PGPR application method (root inoculation+ application in irrigation). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

108 - Effects of PGPR application methods on Proline and soluble sugars content of Yarrow (Achileamillefolium L.) under drought stress conditions
Ahmad Mirjalili Alireza Pazoki Abolfazl Rashidi Asl

  In order to study the Effects of PGPR application methods on Proline and soluble sugars content of Yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) under drought stress conditions an experiment was performed at Islamic Azad University, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre-Rey Br More

  In order to study the Effects of PGPR application methods on Proline and soluble sugars content of Yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) under drought stress conditions an experiment was performed at Islamic Azad University, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre-Rey Branch. This experiment was carried out in a split plot arrangement with randomized complete block design in three replications. Experimental factors were included irrigation regimes as the main plot in three levels including 50, 90 and 130 mm evaporation from A class pan, and PGPR application methods in four levels including, Non application, root inoculation, application in irrigation water, and root inoculation+irrigation in irrigation water methods as the subplot. The results indicated that, simple effects of irrigation and PGPRS were significant on experimented traits but the interaction effects were meaningful only on Proline content at 5% level of Probability. In this case, drought stress increased Proline and soluble sugars in yarrow. The treated plants with PGPRS had less Proline and soluble sugars compare to control. The results revealed that root inoculation + application in irrigation water were more effective than without application methods for decreasing harmless effects of drought. So the lowest Proline (2.0833 mg/g FW) belonged to non-stress and root inoculation+irrigation PGPR application methods treatment and the lowest soluble sugars (8.663 mg/g FW( belonged to non-stress and PGPR application in irrigation water methods treatment Manuscript profile

List of Articles مادران

Sanad

Links

Related Centers

Technical Support

Official pages