Biochemical and antimicrobial properties of bacterial endophytes isolated from yarrow (Achillea millefolium) and tragacanth (Astragalus Gossypium) in Fars geographical regions
Subject Areas :
Food Science and Technology
Z. Erjaee
1
(
Ph.D. student of Food Hygiene and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
)
S.S. Shekarforoush
2
(
Professor of Food Hygiene and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
)
S. Hosseinzadeh
3
(
Professor of Food Hygiene and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
)
Received: 2018-07-01
Accepted : 2019-09-08
Published : 2019-11-22
Keywords:
Tragacanth,
yarrow,
Endophytic bacteria,
Bacillus pumilus,
Bacillus safensis,
Abstract :
Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) and tragacanth (Astragalus Gossypium) are medicinal plants in the Middle East that have been used for medical purposes. The presence of endophytic bacteria in the medicinal plants has been recently focused by many researchers. Endophytes are bacteria and fungi in the inner parts of the plant tissues which in addition to their benefits for the plants, contain effective bioactive compounds. In this research, endophytic bacteria were isolated from yarrow and tragacanth. Their antifungal and antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Escherichia coli (ATTC 35218), Salmonella Typhimurium(ATCC 14028), Listeria monocytogenes (PTCC 1163) and Aspergillus niger (PTCC 5154) were assessed using disk diffusion method. Bacteria having antimicrobial activity were further identified by 16S rDNA, biochemical characteristics and enzyme activities. The bacteria isolated from yarrow and tragacanth were found as Bacillus safensis and Bacillus pumilus, respectively. These isolates showed inhibitory effects against the tested fungi. B. safensis could ferment D- glucose, sucrose, mannitol, and lactose. The activities of oxidase, catalase, gelatinase, protease, and amylase enzymes were also investigated. B. pumilus could only ferment D-glucose and represented the activities of oxidase, catalase, and amylase.
References:
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· Storbel, G. and Daisy, B. (2003). Bioprospecting for microbial endophytes and their natural products. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 67: 491-502.
· Stierle, A., Strobel, G. and Stierle, D. (1993). Taxol and taxane production by Taxomyces andreanae, an endophytic fungus of Pacific yew. Science, 260(5105): 214-216.
· Stone, J.K., Bacon, C.W. and White, J.F. (2000). An overview of endophytic microbes: endophytism defined. Microbial Endophytes, 3: 29-33.
· Suhandono, S., Kusumawardhani, M.K. and Aditiawati, P. (2016). Isolation and molecular identification of endophytic bacteria from rambutan fruits (Nephelium lappaceum L.) cultivar Binjai. HAYATI Journal of Biosciences, 23: 39-44.
· Sun, H., He, Y., Xiao, Q., Ye, R. and Tian, Y. (2013). Isolation, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of endophytic bacteria from Polygonum cuspidatum. African Journal of Microbiological Research, 7(16): 1496-1504.
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· Balachandar, S., Jagadeeswari, M., Dhanabalan, R. and Meenachi, M. (2012). Antimicrobial activity of Astragalus membranaceus against diarrheal bacterial pathogens. International Journal of Pharmacy, 2(2): 416-418.
· Balan, S.S., Nethaji, R., Sankar, S. and Jayalakshmi, S. (2012). Production of gelatinase enzyme from Bacillus spp isolated from the sediment sample of Porto Novo Coastal sites. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2(3): S1811-S1816.
· Beiranvand, M., Amin, M., Hashemi-Shahraki, A., Romani, B., Yaghoubi, S. and Sadeghi, P. (2017). Antimicrobial activity of endophytic bacterial populations isolated from medical plants of Iran. Iranian Journal of Microbiology, 9: 11-18.
· Castro, R.A., Quecine, M.C., Lacava, P.T., Batista, B.D., Luvizotto, D.M., Marcon, J. et al., (2014). Isolation and enzyme bioprospection of endophytic bacteria associated with plants of Brazilian mangrove ecosystem. Springer Plus, 3(1): 382-391.
· Costa, L., Queiroz, M., Borges, A., Moraes, C. and Araújo, E. (2012). Isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria isolated from the leaves of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 43(4): 1562-1575.
· Delgado, B., Palop, A., Fernandez, P.S. and Periago, P.M. (2004). Combined effect of thymol and cymene to control the growth of Bacillus cereus vegetative cells. European Food Research Technology, 218: 188-193.
· Ebrahimi, A., Asgharian, S. and Habibian, S. (2010). Antimicrobial activities of isolated endophytes from some Iranian native medicinal plants. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 6(3): 217-22.
· El-Deeb, B., Fayez, K. and Gherbawy, Y. (2013). Isolation and characterization of endophytic bacteria from Plectranthus tenuiflorus medicinal plant in Saudi Arabia desert and their antimicrobial activities. Journal of Plant Interactions, 8(1): 56-64.
· El-Kalamouni, C., Venskutonis, P.R., Zebib, B., Merah, O., Raynaud, C. and Talou, T. (2017). Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil of Achillea millefolium L. grown in France. Medicines, 4(2): 30-39.
· Frodin, D.G. (2004). History and concepts of big plant genera. Taxon, 53: 753-776.
· Ghaderi, S., Flahati, H.A., Serayolo, M. and Ghanbari, V. (2012). Investigating compounds and antibacterial effect of essential oil of three plants of coriander, yarrow and dill under laboratory conditions. Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, 14(5): 72-74. [In Persian]
· Hankin, L. and Anagnostakis, S.L. (1975). The use of solid media for detection of enzyme production by fungi. Mycologia, 67: 597–607.
· Haque, M.A., Lee, J.H. and Cho, K.M. (2015). Endophytic bacterial diversity in Korean kimchi made of Chinese cabbage leaves and their antimicrobial activity against pathogens. Food Control, 56: 24-33.
· Iskender, N.Y., Kahriman, N., Tosun, G., Terzioglu, S., Karaoglu, S.A. and Yayli, N. (2013). Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils from the aerial parts of Astragalus hamzaoglui extracted by hydrodistillation and microwave distillation. Records of Natural Products, 7(3): 177-187.
· Issabeagloo, E. and Abri, B. (2012). Antimicrobial effects of yarrow (Achillea millefolium) essential oils against Staphylococcus species. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 6(41): 2895-2899.
· Kakade, P.D. and Chaphalkar, S.R. (2017). Isolation and purification of antibacterial peptide from Bacillus safensis, endophytica bacteria from Anthocephalus kadamba. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(1): 504-511.
· Kivanc, M., Kivanc, S.A. and Pektas, S. (2014). Screening of lactic acid bacteria for antifungal activity against fungi. Journal of Food Processing Technology, 5(310): 2-4.
· Lakshmi, T., Geetha, R.V., Roy, A. and Kumar, S.A. (2011). Yarrow (Achillea millefolium linn). A herbal medicinal plant with broad therapeutic use-A review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 9(2): 136-141.
· Liu, Ch., Lou, X.W., Lu, H. and Tan, R.H. (2001). Antifungal activity of Artemisia anna endophyte cultures against phytopathogenic Fungi. Journal of Biotechnology, 88: 277-282.
· Ma, W., Liu, X., Jiao, J., Zhang, L., Ren, W., Ma, L. et al. (2014). Purification of four strains of endophytic fungi from Astragalus and their optimized liquid fermentations. Journal of Forestry Research, 25(3): 701-706.
· Masumi, S., Mirzaei, S., Zafari, D. and Kalvandi, R. (2015). Isolation, identification and biodiversity of endophytic fungi of Thymus. Progress in Biological Sciences, 5(1): 43-50.
· Melo, F.M.P.D., Fiore, M.F., Moraes, L.A.B.D., Silva-Stenico, M.E., Scramin, S., Teixeira, M.D.A. et al. (2009). Antifungal compound produced by the cassava endophyte Bacillus pumilus MAIIIM4A. Scientia Agricola, 66(5): 583-592.
· Parvathi, A., Krishna, K., Jose, J., Joseph, N. and Nair, S. (2009). Biochemical and molecular characterization of Bacillus pumilus isolated from coastal environment in Cochin, India. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 40(2): 269-275.
· Reza, K.M., Ashrafalsadat, N., Reza, R.M., Taher, N. and Ali, N. (2014). Isolation and molecular identification of extracellular lipase-producing Bacillus species from soil. Annals of Biological Research, 5: 132–139.
· Sakiyama, C.C.H., Paula, E.M., Pereira, P.C., Borges, A.C. and Silva, D.O. (2001). Characterization of pectin lyase produced by an endophytic strain isolated from coffee cherries. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 33(2): 117-121.
· Satari, A.H., Zargar, M.I., Dharne, M. and Bansal, R. (2016). Isolation and screening of endophytic fungi from Achillea millefolium L-A medicinal pant of Western Himalayas. Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research, 2(9): 498-502.
· Satomi, M., Myron, T., Duc, L. and Venkateswaran K. (2006). Bacillus safensis sp. nov., isolated from spacecraft and assembly facility surfaces. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 56: 1735–1740.
· Storbel, G. and Daisy, B. (2003). Bioprospecting for microbial endophytes and their natural products. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 67: 491-502.
· Stierle, A., Strobel, G. and Stierle, D. (1993). Taxol and taxane production by Taxomyces andreanae, an endophytic fungus of Pacific yew. Science, 260(5105): 214-216.
· Stone, J.K., Bacon, C.W. and White, J.F. (2000). An overview of endophytic microbes: endophytism defined. Microbial Endophytes, 3: 29-33.
· Suhandono, S., Kusumawardhani, M.K. and Aditiawati, P. (2016). Isolation and molecular identification of endophytic bacteria from rambutan fruits (Nephelium lappaceum L.) cultivar Binjai. HAYATI Journal of Biosciences, 23: 39-44.
· Sun, H., He, Y., Xiao, Q., Ye, R. and Tian, Y. (2013). Isolation, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of endophytic bacteria from Polygonum cuspidatum. African Journal of Microbiological Research, 7(16): 1496-1504.
· Yu, H., Zhang, L., Li, L., Zheny, C., Guo, L., Li, W., et al. (2010). Recent developments and future prospects of antimicrobial metabolites produced by endophytes. Microbiological Research, 165: 437-449.
