Effectiveness Of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction Training On Mental Health And Perceived Stress In Mothers With ADHD Children
Subject Areas : PsychologySepideh Pourheydari 1 , Soodabeh Basaknejad 2 , Iran Davoodi 3 , Mohsen Doustkam 4 , Zahra Sadat Bagher-zadeh Ansari 5
1 - Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz, Department of Psychology, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 - Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz, Department of Psychology, Ahvaz, Iran.
3 - Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz, Department of Psychology, Ahvaz, Iran.
4 - Shahid Chamran University in Ahvaz, Department of Psychology, Ahvaz, Iran.
5 - Pounad University, Department of Clinical Psychology, Pounad, India.
Keywords:
Abstract :
The main propose of current research was studying the effectiveness of mindfulness based stress reduction training on mental health and perceived stress in mothers of ADHD children in Ahwaz. This study was semi-experimental with pretest-post test and control group. The sample included 32 mothers having a child with ADHD and were divided to experimental and control group randomly. Each group members fulfilled Mental Health Questionnaire (Goldberg & Hiller, 1992) and Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, 1983) before intervention. Then, the experimental group participated in 8 mindfulness based stress reduction sessions during 2 months. After terminating intervention, both groups had the post test. Based on results from ANCOVA (P> 0/001), two groups were significantly different; mentioning that mindfulness based stress reduction training resulted the increasing of mental health and decreasing the perceived stress in mothers with ADHD children.
- استورا. (1991). تنیدگی یا استرس، بیماری جدید تمدن. ترجمه پریرخدادستان (1377)، تهران: انتشارات رشد.
- اکبری، محمد اسماعیل؛ نفیسی، ناهید؛ و جمشیدی فر، زهرا. (1392). اثربخشی آموزش ذهن آگاهی بر کاهش استرس ادراک شده در بیماران مبتلا به سرطان پستان. مجله اندیشه و رفتار، 7 (27): 16-7.
- انجمن روانپزشکی آمریکا. (2013). راهنمای تشخیصی و آماری اختلالات روانی، ویراست پنجم. ترجمه یحیی سید محمدی. (1393). نشر روان.
- تقوی، سید محمد رضا .(1380). بررسی روایی و اعتبار پرسشنامه سلامت عمومی (GHQ). مجله روان شناسی، شماره 20: 398-381.
- روشن بین، مهدیه؛ پور اعتماد، حمید رضا؛ و خوشابی، کتایون. (1386). تأثیر آموزش برنامه ی گروهی فرزند پروری مثبت بر استرسوالدگری مادران کودکان مبتلا به . ADHDفصلنامه خانواده پژوهی، 3 (10): 572- 556.
- ریاحی، فروغ؛ امنی، فاطمه؛ و صالحی ویسی، محمد. (1391). مشکلات رفتاری کودکان و ارتباط آن با سلامت روان مادران، فصلنامه دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جهرم، 10(1): 52-46.
- سید اسماعیلی قمی، نسترن؛ کاظمی، فرنگیس؛ و پزشک، شهلا. (1394).تأثیر آموزش برنامه کاهش استرس مبتنی بر ذهن آگاهی بر میزان فشار روانی مادران کودکان کم توان ذهنی. فصلنامه افراد استثنایی، 5(17): 148-131.
- شکوهی یکتا، محسن؛ پرند، اکرم؛ شهاییان، آمنه و اکبری زرخانه، سعید. (1389). تأثیر آموزش روش تربیتی مبتنی بر حل مسأله بر روش فرزند پروری و رفتارهای خشمگینانه والدین. چهارمین کمگره سراسری آسیب شناسی خانواده (80-79). 21 تا 23 اردیبهشت. تهران، ایران.
- صناعی، هاله. (1391). تأثیر آموزش ذهن آگاهی بر خود کارآمدی، استرس ادراک شده و جهت گیری به زندگی در زنان مبتلا به سرطان پستان. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین.
- کاویانی، حسین؛ جواهری، فروزان؛ و بحیرانی، هادی. (1384). اثر بخشی شناخت درمانی مبتنی بر ذهن اگاهی در کاهش افکار خودآیند منفی، نگرش ناکارآمد، افسردگی و اضطراب با پیگیری 60 روزه، تازه های علوم شناختی، 7 (1):59-49.
- مطهری، زهرا سادات؛ احمدی، خدابخش؛ سلیمانی، علی اکبر؛ و بهزادپور، سمانه. (1391). اثربخشی روش ذهن آگاهی بر کاهش استرس زناشویی مادران دارای فرزند مبتلا به اختلال نقص توجه-بیش فعالی. فصلنامه علوم رفتاری، 16-1.
- نجاتی، وحید؛ ذبیح زاده، عباس و نیک فرجام، محمد رضا. (1391). رابطه بین ذهن آگاهی و کارکردهای توجهی پایدار و انتخابی. مجله پژوهش های علوم شناختی و رفتاری، 2(2) پیاپی 3: 42-31.
- یوسفی، شهره؛ سلطانی فر، عاطفه و تیموری، سعید. (1388). مقایسه تنش والدگری مادران کودکان مبتلا به اختلال بیش فعالی و نقص توجه با مادران کودکان بهنجار. مجله بهداشت علمی پژوهشی اصول بهداشت روانی، 2(42):122-115.
-Alizadeh, H., Applequist, K. F., & Coolidge, F. L. (2007). Parental self-confidence, parenting styles, and corporal punishment in families of ADHD children in Iran.Child abuse & neglect, 31(5), 567-572.
-Anastopoulos, A. D., Sommer, J. L., & Schatz, N. K. (2009). ADHD and family functioning.Current Attention Disorders Reports, 1(4), 167-170.
-Barlow, J., Parsoners, J.,& Stewart- Brown, S. (2003). Preventing emotional and behavioural problems: The effectiveness of parenting programmes with children less than 3 years of age. Child care health and development. 31(1): 33-42.
-Baxter, J. L. (2013). The Effects of ADHD on the Family Unit.Master of Nursing, WashingtonState University College of Nursing. [online]. Hdl.handle.net/2376/4330.
-Biederman, J., &Faraone, S. V. (2005), "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder" .Lancet, 366, 237-48.
-Befera, M. S., & Barkley, R. A. (1985). Hyperactive and normal girl and boys: Mother child interaction, parent psychiatric status and child psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 26, 439-452.
-Bohlmeijer, E., Prenger, R., Taal, E., &Cuijepers, P (2010). The effects of mindfulness- based stress reduction therapy on mental health of adultd with a chronic medical disease: Ameta- analysis. J Psychosom Res. 68: 539-544.
-Borkovec, T. D. (2002). Life in the future versus life in the present. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 9, 76-80.
-Campbell, S. B. (2004). Mother-child interaction: A comparison of hyperactive, learning disabled, and normal boys. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 45, 51-57.
- Chaskalson, M. (2011).The mindful workplace: developing resilient individuals and resonant organizations with MBSR. John Wiley & Sons.
- Chi, T. C., &Hinshaw, S. P. (2002). Mother–child relationships of children with ADHD: The role of maternal depressive symptoms and depression-related distortions. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 30(4), 387-400.
- Cogill, D., Soutullo, d’Aubuisson, C., Preuss, Lindback, T., Silverberg, M. & Buitelaar, J., C. (2008). Impact of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on the patient and family: results from a European survey. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and mental Health, vol. 2: 31, ss. 1-15.
-Crnic, K. A., Gaze, C.,& Hoffman, C. (2005). Cumulative parenting stess across the preschool period: Relations to maternal parenting and child behavior at age 5. Infant Child Dev, 14:117-32.
-Cunningham, C., Benness, B. B., & Siegel, L. (1988). Family functioning, time allocation, and parental depression in the families of normal and ADHD children,Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 17, 169-177.
-Emanuel, A. S.; Updegraff, J. A.; Kalmbach, A. D.; Ciesla, J. A. (2010), "Therole of mindfulness facets in affective forecasting, Personality and Individual differences, 49(7). 815-818.
- Fischer, M., Barkley, R. A., Smallish, L., & Fletcher, K. (2002). Young adult follow-up of hyperactive children: self-reported psychiatric disorders, comorbidity, and the role of childhood conduct problems and teen CD. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 30(5), 463-475.
-FlugelColle, K., Vincent ACha, S, S., Loehrer, L, L., Bauer, B, A., &Wahner-Reodler, D, L.(2010). Measurement of quality of life and participant experience with the mindfulness-based stress reduction program Complement,TherClinPract. 16: 36-40.
-Goldin, P, R., Gross, J, J.(2010). Effects of mindfulness- based stress reduction (MBSR) on emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder. Aeamotion. 10: 83-91.
-Harrison, C., &Sofronoff, K. (2002). ADHD and parental psychological distress: Role of demographics, child behavioral characteristics, and parental cognitions. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41(6), 703-712.
-Harpin, V. A. (2005). The effect of ADHD on the life of an individual, their family, and community from preschool to adult life.Archives of disease in childhood, 90(suppl 1), 12-17.
- Heckel, L., Clarke, A. R., Barry, R. J., McCarthy, R., &Selikowitz, M. (2013). Child AD/HD severity and psychological functioning in relation to divorce, remarriage, multiple transitions and the quality of family relationships.Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties, 18(4), 353-373.
-Huber, J, S. (2010). The Medical Effect of Sibling Warmth on Parental Stress in Families with Children who have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.PH.D Thesis in psychology. The Florida State University College of Human Sciences.
-Johnston, C., & Mash, E. J. (2001). Families of children with attention – deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: Review and recommendations. For future research.Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 4, 183-207.
- Jones, K. B., Welsh, R. K., Glassmire, D. M., &Tavegia, B. D. (2006). Psychological functioning in siblings of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Journal of Child and Family Studies, 15(6), 753-759.
-Kabat‐Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness‐based interventions in context: past, peresent, and future. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 10, 144-156.
-Keiviet- Stijnen, A., Visser, A., Garssen, B., &Hudig, H. (2008). Mindfulness- based stress reduction training for oncology patients: Patients appraisal and changes in well-bieng. Patient Educ and Couns. (72): 436-446.
- Kendall, J. (1999). Sibling accounts of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, family Process, 38, 117-136.
-Khoury, B., Sharma, M., Rush, S. E & Fournier, C. (2015). Mindfulness- based stress reduction for healthy individuals: Ameta- analysis. Journal of Psychosomatic Research.78: 519-528.
- Lange, G. (2005). Family factors associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and emotional disorders in children. Journal of Family Therapy, 27(1), 76-96
-Listug-Lunde, L., Zevenbergen, A. A., &Petros, T. V. (2008). Psychological symptomatology in siblings of children with ADHD.Journal of attention disorders, 12(3), 239-247.
- Mars, T. S.,& Abbey, H. (2010). Mindfulness Meditation Practice as a Healthcare Intervention: A Systemic Review. International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine, 13: 56-66.
-Mash , E. J., & Johnston, C. (2001). Families of children with deficit/ hyperactivity disorder: Review and recommendation for future research. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 4, 183-207
-Meadows, S. O., Mclanahan, S. S.,& Brooks-Gunn, J.(2007). Parental depression and anxiety and early childhood behavior problems across family types. Journal Marriage Fam, 69(5): 1162-77.
-Miranda, A., Marco. (2008). Estilos.De discipline in families with ADHD children, Child Development, 44, (Sup.2), 23-26.
-Nafisi,M., Khoshdel,A., Mokhtary, F., Lankaraby, M.,&Asary, SH. (2004). Correlation raw score Conners in elementary children publication. Scientific journal of Army Medicine Sciences University Republic of Iran, 2: 327-332.
-Rabiner, P. (2004). Training parents in behavior modification: Effects on perceptions of family interaction and deviant child behavior. Behavior Therapy, 8, 406-410.
-Rosenzweig, S., Greeson, J. M., Reibel, D. K., Green, J. S., Jasser, S. A., & Beasley, D. (2010). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for chronic pain conditions: Variation. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 68, 29-36.
-Scheroeder, V. M., & Kelley, M. L. (2008). Association between family environment, parenting practices, and executive functioning of children with and without ADHD.Journal of child and family studies, 18(2), 227-235.
-Segal, Z. V., Williams, M.G.,& Teasdale, j. d. (2002). Mindfulness- Based Cognitive Therapy for depression. New York: Guilford Press.
- Shapiro, S, L., Bootzin, R, R., Figueredo, A, J., Lopez, A, M., &Schwarts, G, E. (2003). The efficacy of mindfulness-based stress reduction in the treatment of sleep disturbance in women with bret cancer An exploratory study. J Psychosom Rec. (54): 85-91.
-Smith, A. J., Brown, R. T., Bunke, V., Blount, R. L., &Christophersen, E. (2002). Psychosocial adjustment and peer competence of siblings of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of Attention Disorders, 5(3), 165-177.
-Tanay, G., Lotan, G., & Bernstein, A. (2012). Salutary proximal processes and distal mood and anxiety vulnerability outcomes of mindfulness training: A pilot preventive intervention. Behavior therapy, 43(3), 492-505.
- van Steijn, D. J., Oerlemans, A. M., van Aken, M. A., Buitelaar, J. K., &Rommelse, N. N. (2013). Match or mismatch? Influence of parental and offspring ASD and ADHD symptoms on the parent–child relationship.Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 43(8), 1935-1945.
-Whalen, C. K., &Henker, B. (1999). The social profile of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Five fundamental facets. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North American, 1, 395-410.
-Williams, M., & Penman, D. (2012). Mindfulness: An eight-week plan for finding peace in a frantic world. Rodale.
-Zeidan, F., Johnson, S, K., Diamond, B, J., David, Z., Goolkasian, P. (2010). Mindfulness mediation improves cognition: Evidence of brief mental training. Conscious cogn. 19: 597-605.
_||_