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Open Access Article
1 - The effect of nitrogen, planting density and number of seedling in the main farm on morphologic qualities, functional components and quantitative and qualitative functions of ratoon rice (Oryza sativa L.) production cultivars Sangtarom
mohammad reza Khodadadi Balanaghibi بهرام حيدرنيا سماکوشTo investigate the effects of different amounts of nitrogen, planting density and number of seedling in the main farming on morphologic qualities, functional components and quantitative and qualitative functions of ratoon rice production cultivars Sangtarom, an experime MoreTo investigate the effects of different amounts of nitrogen, planting density and number of seedling in the main farming on morphologic qualities, functional components and quantitative and qualitative functions of ratoon rice production cultivars Sangtarom, an experiment was conducted on a field in Babol, in 2008. Split factorial experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design in three replications. In this experiment four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 46, 69, 92 kg ha-1 from the urea fertilizer source) were used as main factor and sub factor, including the first two planting densities (120 and 40 plants per square meter respectively, sowing pattern 10 × 8.3 and 16.6 × 15 cm square). For the second factor two planting methods frutescence (single seedling) and univalve (3 seedlings or bud), were used respectively. The result of experiment indicated that maximum ratoon production consumption, respectively 46 and 92 kg N ha-1, also the maximum ratoon production obtained under density 120 plants in square meter and with the three seedlings could create an increase in some functional components, such as the number of panicles in square meter, in the total number of spikelet in panicle, in the number of filled spikelet and in the weight of thousands seeds. Also the quality of amiluze under the consumption of 92 kg N ha-1 by density 120 plants in square meter and also under the condition of univalve planting (3 seedlings) reached to its maximum value. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The way of highlighting the most important social issues in Iran in the news of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (case study: 20:30 News Section)
ARDASHIR ZABOLIZADA Javad Sadeghi Mehrdad Hajivand DastgerdiMedia have an essential role in highlighting the most important social issues, albeit they are not able to address all of them. The main aim of the research which was conducted through quantitative content analysis is to examine the way of highlighting the most importan MoreMedia have an essential role in highlighting the most important social issues, albeit they are not able to address all of them. The main aim of the research which was conducted through quantitative content analysis is to examine the way of highlighting the most important social issues of Iran including job-related issues, urban issues, marriage-related issues, educational issues, environmental issues, drug-related issues, sexual issues, crimes, poverty and inequality derived from previous researches in 20:30 News Section of IRIB TV2 in the period from October 2016 to March 2017. The findings of the research indicate that the aforementioned news section had a poor performance in highlighting the mentioned social issues. As of 1202 news examined in the news section, only 313 news which were accounted as 26 percent of the total news addressed the issues. Based on the findings and in terms of news arrangements, from the 313 selected news related to the issues, 93 news were placed in the first priority and 97 news were hold in the second priority of the news section. Moreover, through scrutinizing the news the crimes-related issues with 29.7 percent, environmental issues with 22 percent, job-related issues with 14.7 percent and the issues related to poverty and inequality with 13.4 percent had been highlighted more than the other issues. And also, the least addressed and highlighted issue comes to sexual issues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Environment Impact Assessment Of Landuse Settlement on Rivers quantitative/ qualitative parameters. (Case Study: zashk river)
Shiva Ajilian Momtaz Nature- Travelling is a part of Tourism complex that applied to warrant travel to natural area.For study and enjoy to plants and an More Nature- Travelling is a part of Tourism complex that applied to warrant travel to natural area.For study and enjoy to plants and animals view and every cultural aspect contemporary or past.At the present, while suddenly increase and non- plan Tourism Global the factors have effect environment that uncorrect planning cause environmental pollution.In hence, we must need to assessment environment effects that such activity for recognizing and fore sight marks a project are on human and environment health. Zoshk village in khorasan is one of the most important tourism.In edge of river have many The village has a Natural landscope called Zoshk River is length 30km. The river pass through vary gardens and Agri-lands produce beatiful landscope. Restaurant and villas That every which like as Natural- source, sufficient effective to environment. But what was effects through the human- made factors settlement? Tourism events in attractions cause chang to eco-system such as increase development restaurant and surplus water repelling, chang to side using of water - surface,disorder in (soil/land) utilization, preparations and change to condition specially, soil- characteristics and…so, Ask the following questions: Did the changes can hazard quality River-water and increase ill-ness? What did we can performance to decrease Negative effects? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Neighborhood Environment Quality Improvement with Community Participation Approach by Participation, Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) (Case study: Cyrus Neighborhood, Tehran, Iran)
Mostafa Tavana Mina Sufi Neyestani -
Open Access Article
5 - Designing a model for measures the impact of ICT on the development of cultural economy in Iran
فرزانه چاوش باشیIntroduction & Research goal: Assessing the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on the economic performance of countries in the 1990s is considered. Experimental studies, different results in different countries have followed, in this article, m MoreIntroduction & Research goal: Assessing the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on the economic performance of countries in the 1990s is considered. Experimental studies, different results in different countries have followed, in this article, measures the impact of ICT on the development of cultural economy in Iran. Methods: Research methods in this paper are modeling. Because if the issues in this context should be modeled. Simply outputs the Variables can change Implementation models found in cyberspace. For this purpose, in this article, Weight of each dimension of ICT to support two types of questionnaires,( Paired comparison of a single half- meter), 7 experts in the fields, The economics of information technology management. Was calculated and calculate the mean and the technical coefficients Paired comparison used of mathematical software MATLAB. Results:1) From 100 points dimension the cultural attractions ; 36 points to cultural tourism, 29 points attractions in Business, 21 points to cultural resources and Cultural Branding were 14 points; 2)From 100 points human capital, 47 points to Educational opportunities , 30 points to consult with artists and artisans, and to schools and universities were 23 points; 3) From 100 points Cultural participation, 68 points to Initiatives, Counseling to help entrepreneurs were 32 points; 4) From 100 points Cultural Entrepreneurship, 43 points to Handicrafts, 37 points to Commercial and cultural centers, online, Institutions to support creative were 20 points 5) From 100 points Cultural Leverage, 28 points to Media Industry, 23 points to Historical Heritage,21 points to Cultural Readiness,17 points to Training Package, Technical assistance and planning were 11 points. Conclusion: Since this paper, only designed to measure the impact of ICT were in Iran's Cultural Economic Development, Recommended that that obtained in quantitative models of Administrative Divisions, Economic and cultural fields and in organs, Cultural institutions and economic organizations assessed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The Study of Effective Factors on the Cultural Performance and Policy of Ninth and Tenth Government
Tahmoures Shiri Zahra Hassan OstadAli -
Open Access Article
7 - Evaluating the spatial structure and trends of cultural land use changes in cities By quantitative models (Case study of Baneh city)
Bakhtyar ezatpanahThe purpose of this research is to determine the share of cultural Land use and to analyze the trend of changes in this usage among different areas of the city as well as to evaluate the access of neighborhoods to urban services. This research is applied in terms of pur MoreThe purpose of this research is to determine the share of cultural Land use and to analyze the trend of changes in this usage among different areas of the city as well as to evaluate the access of neighborhoods to urban services. This research is applied in terms of purpose and the research method has been descriptive-analytic. To analyze the data collected from share change models, the Williamson index and Shannon entropy coefficient have been used. The results of the analysis of the analytical model of change in share showed that although there is a lack of cultural Land use in most neighborhoods of Baneh city, but based on the proposals of the new master plan, the trend and share of spatial development of these spaces is increasing among regions 3 and 4. Also, based on Williamson's calculations, we conclude that most of Baneh's neighborhoods have uneven access to cultural Land use. The calculations of the Entropy model also showed that the cultural Land use factor of city in 2006 was 0.683, which is 0.66 in 1395, which tends to number 1, indicating the equitable and balanced development of the user in the detailed horizons of the city. will be. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Strategic planning for sports tourism development in Lorestan province With an emphasis on quantitative models and qualitative
somayeh teymouri abdalamir majdamThe role of sport tourism as a new source of employment, income, tax receipts were further confirmed by numerous studies. The aim of this study is strategic planning to develop sports tourism is Lorestan province . The study was descriptive - documentary and field-based MoreThe role of sport tourism as a new source of employment, income, tax receipts were further confirmed by numerous studies. The aim of this study is strategic planning to develop sports tourism is Lorestan province . The study was descriptive - documentary and field-based analysis using SWOT strategic model and the next step proposed strategies using quantitative matrix (QSPM) is. Results The results show invasive strategy (SO) in first priority with a score of 3/42 and competitive strategy (ST) in the second priority with a score of 2/63 sports tourism were identified as the most important strategies that can be concluded that the there should be more opportunities in this field strengths and utilizes the strengths of the opportunities available to her advantage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Review of Urban Quartering Process (The case study: Noshahr and Kelardasht)
احمد Poorahmad مصطفی Ghadami Gh JahanQuarter as a Socio – Physical Unit is one of the components of Urban Space thatcan be defined and distinguished on internal homogeneity basis. Distinguishing anddrawing the real boundries of Quarters and other Urban Spatial Units is used as a basisin Urban Landuse MoreQuarter as a Socio – Physical Unit is one of the components of Urban Space thatcan be defined and distinguished on internal homogeneity basis. Distinguishing anddrawing the real boundries of Quarters and other Urban Spatial Units is used as a basisin Urban Landuse Planning.This base is used to determine the distribution andallocation of Land uses and to determine the standards and Urban Capita. Fundingsthis Research show that regarding the emphsis of Urban Plans to quantity sides andform factors, especially edges and streets in the process of drawing the boundries ofUrban Spatial – Physical Units like Quartering, this process never results in determinigthe real boundries of Quarters and sometime makes the plans more ineffective.Thus inorder to know the real boudries of Quarters it is necessary to pay attention toQualatative Method and Process Factors as a necessity besides Quantative Methodswith an emphsis on Form Factors.This Article is concerned with the important ofQuartering in Urban Planning , critcism the present Quartering Methods and someSuggestion for preparation a Compound Method in The Urban Quartering Process.The mothod used is Analytical based on doucumentry and Field Studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Investigation on Quantitative and Qualitative Indicators Affecting Housing and its Future Perspective in Esfarain City in Iran.
Heydar lotfi S.J. Daryabari Naser EghbaliThe Relation between sustainable development and urbanization and its includedparameters specially housing and its dependent subjects are the main topics nowadays.Investigating on the housing indicators are the key tools and basis step for urbanplanning. The housing rul MoreThe Relation between sustainable development and urbanization and its includedparameters specially housing and its dependent subjects are the main topics nowadays.Investigating on the housing indicators are the key tools and basis step for urbanplanning. The housing rule in the social growth is included its surrounded environmentinstead of itself specifications.In this practicable research, we used analytical – attributive and surveying approachfor determining the effect of housing in Esfarain city in iran.The results are shown that the most important problems in this situation in Esfaraincity are:- People disabilities in the housing and constructions- Lack of appropriate standards- Expensive and unsuitable materials that using for constructions- Old formation of city-centerIn this case supporting the local contractors and improving and reconstruction of theold parts of city is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Analysis of quantitative and economic indicators of housing and forecasting of population structure, housing prices and houses required till 1410 in Tehran
javad mahdianpoor hamidreza saremiIntroduction and Objectiv: the quality of the urban housing indicators is one of the indicators of the socio - economic development in the countries of the world.in developing countries, including Iran housing supply is one of the Acute issues, are due to the presence o MoreIntroduction and Objectiv: the quality of the urban housing indicators is one of the indicators of the socio - economic development in the countries of the world.in developing countries, including Iran housing supply is one of the Acute issues, are due to the presence of the defects in the planning of Housing and also increase urbanization rapidly. Over the decades, the changes in the city of Tehran have made it important for housing planning. The purpose of this article is to analyze Indicators of the quantitative and economic housing. Method: The method used in this research is based on objective, applied and based on data collection, descriptive and analytical - quantitative. The library and documentation method were used to collect information. Finally, the prediction of population structure (exponential method), housing needs (aggregation and index methods) and housing prices (Arima method) have been addressed in three minimum, average and maximum scenarios. Findings:The research findings indicate that the population of Tehran will reach from 8537000 to 9734000 by 1410 And will require 2863,000 to 3534,000 residential units. It is also expected that the average price per square meter of housing will reach 6.4 to 6.8 million tomans. Conclusion:Housing Analysis in Tehran shows that quantitative indicators of housing have improved and economic indicators of housing have declined. And for the future of Tehran, a scenario with at least population growth and the scenario of maximum housing prices seems more likely. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Analysis of the disparities between urban areas, based on social, economic and physical Indicators, using Quantitative models and spatial statistics (Case Study: The city of Mahabad)
mostafa mirabadi Azita Rajabi masoud mahdavi hajilouieIntroduction and Purpose of the Research: Paying attention and concentrating on the spatial structure of the city in terms of possession of various indicators is quite necessary because the spatial structure of the city has a coherent system which consists of various el MoreIntroduction and Purpose of the Research: Paying attention and concentrating on the spatial structure of the city in terms of possession of various indicators is quite necessary because the spatial structure of the city has a coherent system which consists of various elements and components. That is in a way that transience of each and every one of these elements affects the whole set and urban structure. Based on this fact, the aim of this research is evaluating the rate of spatial justice and the distribution pattern of spatial indicators and determining that rate of concentration in the mentioned indicators. Method: The research method is descriptive-analytic. In this research, by utilizing demographic-social, economic and skeletal indicators and also using VICOR, cluster analysis models, Gini coefficients and Moran coefficients, leveling and rating urban areas and measuring and spatial concentration and autocorrelation of the city of Mahabad in the year of 1394 is done. Findings: Results from VIKOR model showed us that the most urban areas of the city of Mahabad are undeveloped or not developed in a favorable way. Consequently, using Gini and Moran coefficients it has been cleared that facilities and urban services are concentrated the most, as this concentration has not faced a notable autocorrelation. That is because in the most cases, the distribution of the indicators was focused on a particular area, but not in several adjacent areas. Conclusion: It is determined that in the most cases, the spots that are possessed and allocated are placed in the north and northwest of the city and deprived spots are placed in south of the city of Mahabad. Therefore, paying an undivided attention to a decrease in inequalities and move to a balanced development in terms of facilities and urban services must be prioritized in urban management and planning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Studying of natural opportunities and limitations of district 9 of Mashhad city to improve the green space by using SWOT technique
مریم ابراهیمپور رقیه رمضانزاده مهدیس فرقانیانIntroduction: Urban green spaces are an important element in structure of cities. From these spaces can be named as the urban breathing lungs that they have various functions such as: City beautification, environmental modulators and leisure. Also green space is as impo MoreIntroduction: Urban green spaces are an important element in structure of cities. From these spaces can be named as the urban breathing lungs that they have various functions such as: City beautification, environmental modulators and leisure. Also green space is as important and valuable criterion due to environmental, social, cultural and economic functions. Now days is panned, regardless of urban natural potential that we are seeing their effects in our cities. Studding of natural – environmental criterion is one of the basic steps for planning of green space that is led to sustainable city. Method: This research is applied and the research method is analysis – descriptive. Also data collected is documents – field. Generally we use from quantitative and environmental criteria. Then by helping them, we considering 9 district of Mashhad City. Also we use GIS software .at finally we use SWOT technique with determine Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and was provided Operational strategies to improve the green space . Finding: Studies about potential and limitations of District 9 in Mashhad, showed That the special position and having the potential. This area of green space, the region is poor. This city officials may require attention and consideration. Results : In order to improve the green space in District 9 in Mashhad, structural reforms should be considered. So, this reform could further improve green space And reinforce good norms, to ensure sustainability of the environment And on the other hand, the green level of development through the cultivation Of grass to the tree (with respect to the issue of cost and water supply), the long term, needs to be green space area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Evaluation of Urban Land Sustainable Development (Case Study: Sabzevar)
Farzaneh Sadat Hosseini Jonbazi Nobakht sobhaniLand-use planning as a process of urban planning at the heart of sustainable development is crucial, So that in the world today, of basic urban and land use planning issues Sustainable urban development is one of the levers. The aim of this study was to evalua MoreLand-use planning as a process of urban planning at the heart of sustainable development is crucial, So that in the world today, of basic urban and land use planning issues Sustainable urban development is one of the levers. The aim of this study was to evaluate sustainable development approach is a little bit of land use in Sabzevar. For this purpose, three criteria Quantitative evaluation of lands, Social justice and mixing land uses were selected. The aim of the research is based on descriptive-analytic and functional. To analyze the findings Statistical techniques nearest vicinity or neighborhood (RN) and Barbara Brown model are used. The results show that compared with the per capita Sabzevar proposed master plan 2009 Per capita are far common in the country. Also RN model showed that the distribution pattern of land uses in the city on the pattern perfectly distributed cluster, The accumulation and concentration of land in a location other than the location and Only the military and security culture based on the random pattern is the same pattern and regular. On the other hand, based on Barbara Brown became clear that District 7 for mixing land uses in good condition and District 11 is the lowest level mixing of land uses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Qualitative Modeling for Managing Water Allocation in Rivers
Sepideh Sahami Alireza Shokoohi Behnaz Khatar Farbod ChehrzadBackground and Aim: Evaluating the response of rivers to natural changes and man-made manipulations are of great importance in managing river water quality. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the negative effects of quantitative management without qualitative MoreBackground and Aim: Evaluating the response of rivers to natural changes and man-made manipulations are of great importance in managing river water quality. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the negative effects of quantitative management without qualitative management of river flow. In this regard, by simulating water quality in river exploitation scenarios based on environmental policies, including minimum flow allocation, reduction of flow quality from aquaculture standards, taking into account the quality factors and pollution caused by the development of marginal urban communities, will be discussed.Method: The present study, which should be omitted was conducted on the Azadrud River in the Sarvabad region of Kurdistan Province. In this regard, by measuring quantitative and qualitative parameters in two monthly periods, the QUAL2KW quality model was calibrated and validated. In the first part of the study, the quality of the river along 22 km was simulated by changing the flow rate based on flow allocation scenarios in the Tenant method, and in the second part, the values of qualitative parameters in different flow management scenarios were compared with the accepted standard values for aquaculture (fish).Results: Based on the results, while the minimum environmental discharge according to the Tenant method for the studied river is 1.1 m3/sec, the critical quality discharge for March and April were estimated at 7.7 and 10 m3/sec, respectively. The study showed that the poor tenant scenario is not suitable for allocating the minimum environmental flow to meet the quality requirements of the river at all. Conclusion: The results showed that the conventional flow allocation method, i.e., without considering the quality conditions of the river, is not suitable and can cause serious damage to the environmental conditions of the river. This study showed that ignoring the quality conditions at the time of flow allocation causes the ecological health of the stream to be lost and the river to not meet the required standard for aquaculture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Combined Application of Pressure-State-Response and Strategic Planning Approaches in Integerated and Problem-Oriented Management f the Makhsaz Watershed in Western Mazandaran, Iran
Zahra Ebrahimi Gatkash Seyed Hamidreza SadeghiBackground and Aim: Watershed management projects are designed and implemented to protect primary resources (i.e., water, soil, and vegetation) and sustain production by maintaining soil fertility and agricultural sustainability, so understanding the problems of the wat MoreBackground and Aim: Watershed management projects are designed and implemented to protect primary resources (i.e., water, soil, and vegetation) and sustain production by maintaining soil fertility and agricultural sustainability, so understanding the problems of the watershed is an undeniable necessity for future planning and implementation of natural resources management. Effective management of the country's natural resources and control of their degradation based on explanation and adoption of a coherent structure and framework to properly identify watershed problems and determine the appropriate strategy to determine the implementation of measures as an emerging approach to watershed management is essential. Therefore, in the present study, a model approach of combining pressure-state-response and strategic planning approaches in comprehensive management and problem-oriented watershed management was used.Method: In this study, the PSR conceptual model was used to identify the problem of the Mikhsaz watershed. Appropriate criteria for identifying problems were evaluated in four categories of climatic factors: hydrology, human and. In this regard, the indicators and criteria affecting the river basin were summarized after examining the autocorrelation and alignment between the criteria. Due to the different sources of information, all data were standardized for criteria with positive and negative effects on the health of the region, respectively. The main problems in different parts of the watershed were identified based on the value of each of the factors affecting the class. Qualitative and quantitative strategic analysis has also been used to determine the optimal strategy. In the next stage, the analysis of internal and external factors, after identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, internal and external tables were created and analyzed. Finally, Quantitative Strategic Planning (QSPM) analysis was prepared. Finally, strategies for managing the Makhsaz watershed were presented.Results: The results showed that the main problem of the Mikhsaz watershed is related to the limitation of soil depth, which is exacerbated by changes land-use and increased specific erosion and, increases flood damage. Therefore, with with should be omitted the intervention of human factors, especially land-use change has led to problems. Among the considered criteria, soil depth, land use changes, and special erosion, respectively, had the worst situation with scores of 0.40, 0.51, and 0.53, respectively, which caused disturbances in the performance of the watershed. Focusing on the main and determining problems is of special importance. ST is also a good strategy. Achieving maximum utilization of internal strengths and advantages to deal with and minimize external threats and damage. Also, the result of quantitative strategic planning analysis showed that the should be added first should be omitted priority is given to the strategy of reducing resource degradation and then strategies to reduce temporary and permanent migration, increase household income and strengthen soil and water conservation programs with attractiveness scores of 1.58 and 52.5, respectively. 1, 1.51, and 1.50 are the next priorities. Therefore, with the existing opportunities and strengths, the weaknesses and threats in the study watershed can be overcome.Conclusion: The present study was conducted to identify the problems of the should be added watershed in western Mazandaran using the conceptual model of pressure-state-response (PSR) and determine the optimal strategy for problem management using SWOT analysis. The results showed that the main problems of the Mikhsaz watershed include limited soil depth, land-use changes, and special erosion. Also, the result of quantitative strategic planning analysis showed that first first should be omitted priority is given to the strategy of reducing resource degradation. The results of the study indicate the need for executive measures commensurate with the type and importance of each of the factors affecting the study indicators in the river basin. Therefore, the strategy of using the potential advantages of environmental opportunities should be used to compensate for the weaknesses in the watershed Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Forecasting Municipal Solid Waste Quantity by Intelligent Models and Their Uncertainty Analysis
Maryam Abbasi Malihe Fallah Nezhad Rooholah Noori Maryam MirabiBackground and Objective: The first step in design of municipal waste management systems is complete understanding of waste generation quantity. Forecasting waste generation is one of the most complex engineering problems due to the effect of various and out of control MoreBackground and Objective: The first step in design of municipal waste management systems is complete understanding of waste generation quantity. Forecasting waste generation is one of the most complex engineering problems due to the effect of various and out of control parameters on waste generation. Therefore, it is obvious that it is necessary to develop approaches to a model such complex events. The objective of this study is forecasting waste generation quantity using intelligent models as well as their comparisons and uncertainty analysis.Method: In this study, Mashhad city was selected as a case study and waste generation time series of waste generation in 1380 to 1390 were used for weekly prediction. Intelligent models including artificial neural network, support vector machine, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system as well as K-nearest neighbors were used for modelling. After optimizing the models’ parameters, models’ accuracy were compared by statistical indices. Finally, result uncertainty of the models was done by Mont Carlo technique.Findings: Results showed that coefficient of determination (R2) of artificial neural network adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system, support vector machine, and K-nearest neighbor models were 0.67, 0.69, 0.72 and 0.64 respectively. Uncertainty analysis was also justified the results and demonstrates that support vector machine model had the lowest uncertainty among other models and the lowest sensitivity to input variables.Conclusion: Intelligent models were successfully able to forecast waste quantity and among the studied models, support vector machine was the best predictive model. Moreover, support vector machine produced the results with the lowest uncertainty the other models. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Evaluation of probability-statistical functions in order to fit canopy classes of trees in Chartagh forests
Mehrdad Mirzaei Ismaeil Moradi Emamgheysi Amir Eslam Bonyad Iraj Hassanzad NavroodiBackground and Objective: The distribution of canopy classes is the most important structural characteristics of Zagros forest stands. Determining the fitting pattern of canopy classes in Zagros forests shows that, the overall status of these forests from the destructio MoreBackground and Objective: The distribution of canopy classes is the most important structural characteristics of Zagros forest stands. Determining the fitting pattern of canopy classes in Zagros forests shows that, the overall status of these forests from the destruction process and ecological sequence points of view at different times. The aim of this research was to evaluate of probability-statistical functions in order to fit canopy classes of trees in Chartagh forests of Ardal city, Chaharmahal ve Bakhtiari, Iran.Material and Methodology: For this purpose, an area of 50 hectares in Ardal forests was selected (3157 trees) were fully callipered and statistically analyzed. Exponential, Gamma, Normal, Beta, Weibull and Log-normal probability distribution patterns were fitted to crown canopy classes. Characteristics of distribution patterns were estimated using maximum likelihood method. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Anderson-Darling and Chi-square tests were used for comparing of actual probability and probability which derived from functions.Findings: The results of fitting tests showed that log-normal probability distribution was suitable for canopy classes modelling in Chartagh forests. Discussion and Conclusion: Log-normal probability distributions can be used for those who want to simulate changes of forests Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Environmental study of land degradation in Taleghan river basin scale with quantitative approach
Parisa Kharrazi Jamal Ghoddousi hasan Karimzadegan masoud Kheirkhah ZarkeshBackground and Objective: Land degradation or land degradation is an important global challenge and dilemma that ultimately leads to desertification and the expansion of deserts, especially in areas with arid, semi-arid and semi-humid climates. Poverty and lack of food MoreBackground and Objective: Land degradation or land degradation is an important global challenge and dilemma that ultimately leads to desertification and the expansion of deserts, especially in areas with arid, semi-arid and semi-humid climates. Poverty and lack of food security, combined with the occurrence of severe droughts and other adverse climatic conditions that put excessive pressure on fragile ecosystems and basic natural resources (water, soil and plants), in such areas and causes Deprivation of vital resources becomes. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics and criteria of each of the parameters and factors, both natural and man-made, affecting land degradation so that we can plan to manage them in order to preserve and restore environmental resource resources.Material and Methodology: In this research, using periodic remote sensing data, GIS, field observations and measurements and statistical methods are used and a quantitative model is used to estimate the results.Findings: Based on the obtained results, land degradation in Taleghan Dam watershed scale is a function of six factors: land slope, surface geological characteristics (rock units), soil properties, soil erosion facies by water, land protection and land use Among the factors affecting land degradation, the index of protection on the ground with a weight of 0.20 had the greatest impact on land degradation.Discussion and Conclusion: The proposed model can be used nationally as an efficient model in determining the rate (intensity) and extent of land degraded sites accurately to combat and manage the phenomenon. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Effect of Altitude Changes on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics and Environmental Afforestation Stand of Pinus Brutia Ten
Asghar Fallah Yahya Kooch Ali Akbar RostaghiBackground and Objective: Afforestation stand of Ghapan region (with 232 ha-1 area) was selected for investigation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Pinus brutia ten. Method: Three altitude classes (200-400, 400-600 and 600-800m) were classified and&nbs MoreBackground and Objective: Afforestation stand of Ghapan region (with 232 ha-1 area) was selected for investigation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Pinus brutia ten. Method: Three altitude classes (200-400, 400-600 and 600-800m) were classified and number of 30 sample plots (with 400m2 area) were selected by using of random – systematically method in every classes. Some of quantitative and qualitative characteristics were recorded in every sample plots. Also, three soil profiles (A and B horizons) were excavated in every three altitude classes for investigation of soil properties. Findings: Results of this research showed that mean D.B.H and height was similar to normal distribution. Volume of high class (600-800m) was estimated more than the other two classes. Qualitative characteristics showed that plummet of stem, stem without branch, fresh of crown were climbing as crown symmetry and stem curvature were reducing with increase of altitude. Multi branch and stem healthy don’t show regular changes in relation to altitude changes. Soil studies showed no significant different in relation with altitude changes. Discussion and Counclusion: The final result shows that pinus brutia ten stands with the best quality and quantity and it is visible in high altitudes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - The profitability of pairs trading strategy based on linear state-space models and the Kalman filter in Tehran Stock Exchange
Mohammad mehdi barahimipour sayyed mohammad reza davoodiStatistical arbitrage as one of the subsets of algorithmic trading refers to strategies that employ some statistical model or method to take advantage of what appears to be mispricing between assets while maintaining a level of market neutrality. One of these strategies MoreStatistical arbitrage as one of the subsets of algorithmic trading refers to strategies that employ some statistical model or method to take advantage of what appears to be mispricing between assets while maintaining a level of market neutrality. One of these strategies is pair trading that implements on two related long-term(co-integration) financial assets. The pair trading strategy of the research is based on the description of the visible process, the remainder of the co-integration model in terms of an invisible mean reverting process. This representation is in a state-space model and solved by the Kalman filter approach and the time of buying and selling is calculated in terms of two probabilities of growth and fall. The profitability of pair trading strategy on 21 stocks from oil product index and basic metal index of Tehran Stock Exchange between 1390-1395 was evaluated according to return and Sharp ratio. The results of the research show that the research method has the daily returns of 0.0048 and Sharp 1.23, which is more profitable in comparison with the pair trading based cointegration and market performance but the average daily its return is in the second place after the co-integration method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Evaluating stock liquidity with its quantitative and cryptic qualitative measures by means of MULTIMOORA fuzzy group decision making
Reza Sheikh Azadeh Hajjar maryam Azari takamiBeing a principle factor for investors in asset allocating, stock liquidity gains a lot of attention from researchers in its measures and various assessment techniques and numerous measures have been introduced. In this study stock liquidity is evaluated with its preval MoreBeing a principle factor for investors in asset allocating, stock liquidity gains a lot of attention from researchers in its measures and various assessment techniques and numerous measures have been introduced. In this study stock liquidity is evaluated with its prevalent quantitative and cryptic qualitative measures by means of MULTIMOORA fuzzy group decision making. This multi-objective optimization by ratio analysis approach which is the combination of three different methods, called Ratio system, Reference point method and Full multiplicative form, and uses Dominance theory for evaluating final ranking in ordinal environment, is used to evaluate and compare the liquidity of 10 stocks from food and beverage production industry group according to 8 quantitative and qualitative measures. The results show the robustness of MULTIMOORA as well as the ranking and preferences of company stocksʼ liquidity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - The Importance of Watershed Ecosystem Services with Emphasis on Runoff yield and Erosion Control
Elnaz Ghabelnezam Raoof Mostafazadeh Abazar Esmali Zeinab HazbaviTarget field: Rapid growth of human population and the over exploitation of natural resources leads to the higher demand for ecosystem services which exceeded their supply capacity. Ecosystem services are benefits that directly or indirectly affect human well-being. As MoreTarget field: Rapid growth of human population and the over exploitation of natural resources leads to the higher demand for ecosystem services which exceeded their supply capacity. Ecosystem services are benefits that directly or indirectly affect human well-being. As ecosystem services are the product of natural systems in interaction with human society, they are essential for economic prosperity, welfare, and human survival. Analysis method: In this regard, the present paper deals with explaining watershed ecosystem services with emphasis on issues related to runoff generation and erosion reduction in watersheds. In addition to thoroughly reviewing studies conducted with different goals, different classification types of ecosystem services, the used approaches in evaluating these services have been examined. In the following, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) framework in terms of interaction between ecosystem services and human welfare has been described. In addition, the relationship between watershed management and the improvement of ecosystem services is also discussed. Models used in estimating ecosystem services are mentioned and finally a conclusion from the role and importance of runoff and erosion reduction in ecosystem services as one of the important components of watershed response is provided. Findings: The results of literature review showed that the most related studies focused only on a limited number of ecosystem services, and investigating the location of runoff production and reducing erosion and setting it as an ecosystem service is not very evident in these studies. Discussion and Conclusion: Given that the issue of runoff and erosion is a serious issue in the world and especially in Iran, therefore, measures to identify factors, control and protect areas prone to runoff, sedimentation and erosion are among the most important national duties and measures in the country. Based on this, by broadening studies and researches and providing methods for quantifying and predicting ecosystem services based on runoff regulatory services and erosion reduction, it is possible to help prioritize and zone areas prone to runoff and erosion to explain management strategies and deterrence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Spatial-Quantitative Environmental Assessment of Three SHIRAZ Alternatives Railway with Enhanced YAPP-FAHP Method
Jahanbakhsh Balist Faeze Chehrazar Hamid Reza jafari JafariBackground and Aim: Rail safety is a very complex subject, with various factors involved. Many of the risk assessment techniques currently used in railroads are routine techniques. In this study, the YAPP upgraded method was used. Method: In this method, three indicato MoreBackground and Aim: Rail safety is a very complex subject, with various factors involved. Many of the risk assessment techniques currently used in railroads are routine techniques. In this study, the YAPP upgraded method was used. Method: In this method, three indicators are used to estimate the risk of each alternative. The risk associated with the length of each railway alternative, the risk of population density and the number of residents around each alternative, and the risks associated with the geological situation and the milestones of each alternative. To complete the evaluation of options, the FAHP method is used to prioritize them based on the YAPP indexes and sub-indicators. Findings: In this study, there are three alternatives for Shiraz railway, one, Kazeroon-Farashband, Second, Kazeroon-Quar and Shiraz-Noorabad. The study results show that the third alternative is the safest alternate with a risk value of 127.779 compared to two other alternatives with risk values of 277 and 298. Based on the results of the FAHP prioritization, the third option was also identified as the preferred option. Discussion and Conclusion: The YAPP method, taking into account natural and human factors in assessing the risk of railroads, is an efficient method that can be used to select optimal and safe paths in the design and planning phase of the projects. Using the multi-criteria decision-making methods along with the YAPP method, the choice of the final option is made easier and more scientifically. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Investigating the quantitative characteristics of eastern beech in relation to topographic factors in forests of Asalem Nav
Alireza Eslami Fatemeh BadrBackground: The fagus orientalis lipesky species includes around one-third of width and correspondingly, the standing volume in the mixed and partly pure stands of northern forests of Iran.. Present research has been carried out to investigate the effects of topographic MoreBackground: The fagus orientalis lipesky species includes around one-third of width and correspondingly, the standing volume in the mixed and partly pure stands of northern forests of Iran.. Present research has been carried out to investigate the effects of topographic factors on quantitative characteristics of oriental beech species in Nav Asalem forestry plan.Methods: According to purpose of the research, breast height diameter and height of the oriental beech trees were measured in three altitude levels (800 to 1650 m), five slope classes (0 to 50) and four main geographical classes and recorded on the corresponding forms.Results: The results of one-way variance analysis test showed that two factors of slope and the sea-level altitude had significant effects on quantitative characteristics of oriental beech species wherein Dunkan’s test was used to compare the means and eventually, the results showed that the lowest and highest rates of quantitative characteristics existed respectively in heights of 1300-1440m and 1440-1650m. Also, studying the slope, the highest diameter, cross-section and height of the beech trees were obtained in a slope of 40-50 percents.Conclusion: Thus, due to the nature and ecological characteristics of oriental beech and since the best habitats for the trees of this species to have the greatest diameter and height are the upstream and sloping regions, the results of this research show that Nav Asalem forest habitat is one of the best habitats of the target species. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Camputational methods and quantitative structure–property relationship study for prediction of melting point of carbocyclic nitroaromatic compounds using chemical and quantum mechanics descriptors: combining DFT and QSPR calculations
mehdi nekoei mehdi mahamThe DFT-B3LYP method, with the base set 6-31G (d), was used to calculate several quantum chemical descriptors of 60 compounds of carbocyclic nitroaromatics. A suitable set of quantum mechanics and chemical descriptors was calculated and quantitative structure–prop MoreThe DFT-B3LYP method, with the base set 6-31G (d), was used to calculate several quantum chemical descriptors of 60 compounds of carbocyclic nitroaromatics. A suitable set of quantum mechanics and chemical descriptors was calculated and quantitative structure–property relationship method for prediction of melting point of carbocyclic nitroaromatic compounds by multiple linear regression (MLR) and support vector machine (SVM) were studied. At first, structure of the compounds were plotted and of quantum mechanics descriptors was calculated and the stepwise method was employed to select those descriptors that resulted in the best fitted models. At first, we developed linear model of MLR. Then the selected molecular descriptors were used as inputs for SVM. The obtained results using SVM were compared with MLR which revealed superiority of the SVM model over the MLR method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - QSAR Study of New Biphenylic Derivatives as CB2 Receptor Ligands by Quantum Chemical Descriptors
Nosrat Madadi Mahani Alireza Mohadesi zarandi Najmeh MohammadiA quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) model was applied to the prediction of the activity of new biphenylic derivatives as CB2 biphenyls ligands. The activity biphenylic derivatives were modeled with the descriptors of quantum-chemical calculations with MoreA quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) model was applied to the prediction of the activity of new biphenylic derivatives as CB2 biphenyls ligands. The activity biphenylic derivatives were modeled with the descriptors of quantum-chemical calculations with density functional theory (DFT) method at B3LYP/6‒31G level. This study was conducted using the multiple linear regressions (MLR), the partial least square analysis (PLS) and the principal component analysis (PCA) method. Results displayed that the MLR method predicted of activity good enough. The best model, with six descriptors was selected. Also it indicates very good consistency towards data variations for the validation methods. The predicted values of activities are in suitable agreement with the experimental results. The obtained results suggested that the MLR method could be more helpful to predict the biological activity of biphenyls derivatives. It is anticipated to be useful to predict the activity of other compounds in the same groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Quantitative structure–activity relationship study for predicting activity of some medicine compounds by firefly algorithm
mehdi nekoei Fatemeh ShamsQuantitative structure–activity relationship models were developed for predicting activity of a series of medicine compounds such as pyridine derivatives. The suitable set of the molecular descriptors was calculated and the important descriptors using the variable MoreQuantitative structure–activity relationship models were developed for predicting activity of a series of medicine compounds such as pyridine derivatives. The suitable set of the molecular descriptors was calculated and the important descriptors using the variable selections of the stepwise (SW) and the firefly algorithm (FFA) were selected. The predictive quality of the QSAR models was tested for an external set of compounds by multiple linear regression (MLR). Statistical parameters for SW-MLR and FF-MLR were R2 train = 0.835, 0.859, RMSEP = 0.620, 0.786, REP= 10.72, 10.52 respectively. A comparison between the attained results indicated the superiority of the firefly algorithm over the stepwise method in the feature selection. The predicted results of this study can be used to design new inhibitors of melanoma anti-cancer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship Study for Prediction of the Solvent Polarity Using Quantum Mechanics Descriptors and Support Vector Machine
mehdi nekoei بهزاد چهکندیQuantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) study for prediction of the polarity some of solvents using quantum mechanics descriptors and support vector machine. Experimental S′ values for 69 solvents were assembled. This set included saturated and unsatur MoreQuantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) study for prediction of the polarity some of solvents using quantum mechanics descriptors and support vector machine. Experimental S′ values for 69 solvents were assembled. This set included saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, solvents containing halogen, cyano, nitro, amide, sulfide, mercapto, sulfone, phosphate, ester, ether, etc. After drawing the structure of the molecules, the suitable molecular descriptors were calculated. Then, the stepwise multiple linear regressions (SW-MLR) variable selection method was subsequently employed to select and implement the prominent descriptors having the most significant contributions to the polarity of the molecules. At first, multiple linear regressions (MLR) model was constructed. Then, support vector machine (SVM) model was used for to obtain better results. A comparison of results by the two methodologies indicated the superiority of SW-SVM over the SW-MLR method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Modeling and quantitative structure-activity study of some carboxylate derivatives as anticancer drugs using multivariate linear regression and artificial neural networks
mehdi nekoei Mahmood Ebrahimi پرستو فتاحی Behzad ChahkandiChemotherapy is one of the most effective treatments for cancers, but many cancers become resistant to the therapeutic effects of a drug during treatment with chemotherapy, which is called Multi Drug Resistance. Currently, some new drugs, including carboxylate derivativ MoreChemotherapy is one of the most effective treatments for cancers, but many cancers become resistant to the therapeutic effects of a drug during treatment with chemotherapy, which is called Multi Drug Resistance. Currently, some new drugs, including carboxylate derivatives, have been used to reduce drug resistance. In the present study, a structure-activity quantitative relationship (QSAR) study was performed to predict the drug activity of some carboxylate derivatives using multivariate linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural networks (ANN). First, the structure of drug compounds, drawing and appropriate group of descriptors were calculated. Then, the step selection method was used to obtain the best descriptors that were most related to the drug activity of the compounds. First, the linear model of multiple linear regression (MLR) was developed. ANN was then used to obtain better results. Statistical data show the superiority of ANN method over MLR method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Modeling and quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) study to predict the acidic constants of some chemical compounds using multiple linear regression and support vector machine
mehdi nekoei Abbass Taheri Majid MohammadhosseiniModeling and studying the structure-property quantitative relationship (QSPR) to predict the acidic constants of some chemical compounds were performed using multiple linear regression (MLR) and support vector machine (SVM). First, the structure of chemical compounds wa MoreModeling and studying the structure-property quantitative relationship (QSPR) to predict the acidic constants of some chemical compounds were performed using multiple linear regression (MLR) and support vector machine (SVM). First, the structure of chemical compounds was plotted and a suitable group of descriptors was calculated. Then, the step selection method was used to obtain the best descriptors that were most related to the chemical properties of the compounds. Then, linear multiple linear regression (MLR) model and nonlinear vector machine (SVM) model were used to predict the acid constants of the compounds. Statistical data showed that the SVM method was superior to the MLR method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - The application of multiple linear regression and artificial neural networks to study the quantitative structure-activity relationship of a group of chemokine derivatives
mehdi nekoei محمدرضا کیانسب مجید محمدحسینی بهنام مهدوی تهمینه باهریA quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study was conducted to predict the pharmacological activity of some chemokine derivatives using multiple linear regression and artificial neural networks (ANN). At first, the structure of pharmaceutical compounds was MoreA quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study was conducted to predict the pharmacological activity of some chemokine derivatives using multiple linear regression and artificial neural networks (ANN). At first, the structure of pharmaceutical compounds was drawn and optimized with the help of Hypercam software. Then, a wide range of molecular descriptors were calculated by Dragon software. After reducing the number of descriptors that had a correlation above 0.9 and the descriptors that were more than 90% similar, stepwise regression was used to obtain the best descriptors that were most related to the pharmacological activity of the target compounds. became 7 descriptors including MATS2p, PCWTe, RDF045m, RDF065m, RDF115m, C-003 and C-040 were selected. Then, multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural networks (ANN) methods were used to model and predict the activity of test series compounds. The obtained results show that both methods provide acceptable results that can be used to predict new pharmaceutical compounds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Quantitative Structure-Retention Relationship (QSRR) Covats Index of Boiss Nepeta macrosiphon
azam vafaeiQuantitative structure-Retention relationship (QSRR) studies were performed on the Covats index of the constituents of Boiss Nepeta macrosiphon. The stepwise method was used to select the appropriate descriptors. Selected descriptors of this method were used to model an MoreQuantitative structure-Retention relationship (QSRR) studies were performed on the Covats index of the constituents of Boiss Nepeta macrosiphon. The stepwise method was used to select the appropriate descriptors. Selected descriptors of this method were used to model and predict the retention index of these compounds by multiple linear regression (MLR). In order to evaluate the validity of the model, various methods such as using a test series and rejecting each data step by step were used. The results show the good ability of SR-MLR method to predict retention index. The coefficients for determining the training and test series were 0.996 and 0.998, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Application of multivariate linear regression and artificial neural networks to predict the antimicrobial activity of some anilide derivatives by quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) method
mehdi nekoei Parastoo pourali Syed Hamed MppsaviQuantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study was performed to predict the antimicrobial activity of some anilide derivatives using multivariate linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural networks (ANN). First, the structure of the compounds, the drawing MoreQuantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study was performed to predict the antimicrobial activity of some anilide derivatives using multivariate linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural networks (ANN). First, the structure of the compounds, the drawing and the appropriate group of descriptors were calculated. Then, the step selection method was used to obtain the best descriptors that were most associated with the antimicrobial activity of the compounds. With this method, 5 descriptors were selected and first the linear MLR model was constructed. Then, artificial neural network was used to obtain better results. The values of coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE) for the test series were 0.07 and 0.073 for the MLR linear model and 0.613 and 0.021 for the nonlinear ANN model, respectively. Statistical data show the superiority of ANN method over MLR method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Prediction of Retention Index of Ammoides Atlantica Compounds Using Quantitative Structure-Retention Relationship Study (QSRR)
saeed Nekoei سید عباس طاهریEssential oils and related compounds are widely used in traditional medicine, food industry, perfumery and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, a quantitative structure-retention relationship study was performed on the inhibition index of 32 compounds of essential MoreEssential oils and related compounds are widely used in traditional medicine, food industry, perfumery and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, a quantitative structure-retention relationship study was performed on the inhibition index of 32 compounds of essential oil of Ammoides Atlantica. Genetic algorithm was used to select the descriptors. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was used as a linear method to model the retention index of these compounds. In order to check the validity of these models, in addition to using the test series, other methods such as LOO and LGO and Y-randomization were used. Correlation coefficients for the test series were obtained by MLR model equal to 0.894 and relative error percentage equal to 5.57. Statistical data show that the GA-MLR method has provided acceptable predictions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Modeling and quantitative structure-property relationship studying to predict the half-life of polychlorinated biphenyls using multivariate linear regression and artificial neural networks
سکینه بهرامی نسب مهدی نکوئی سیدعباس طاهریQuantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) study was performed to predict the half-life of some polychlorinated biphenyl derivatives using multivariate linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural networks (ANN). First, the structure of the compounds, the draw MoreQuantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) study was performed to predict the half-life of some polychlorinated biphenyl derivatives using multivariate linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural networks (ANN). First, the structure of the compounds, the drawing, and the appropriate group of descriptors were calculated. Then, the step-wise method was used to obtain the best descriptors that were most related to the half-life of the compounds. With this method, 6 descriptors including Lop, GATS5m, GATS8m, LDip, RDF020u, R2v + were selected from the types of topological descriptors, charge, three-dimensional representation of molecules based on electron diffraction and radial distribution function. First, a multiple linear regression linear model was constructed. Then, artificial neural network was used to obtain better results. The values of coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE) for the test series were equal to 0.716 and 0.050 for the MLR linear model and 0.896 and 0.030 for the nonlinear ANN model, respectively. Statistical data show the superiority of ANN method over MLR method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Modeling and quantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR) studying of the constituents of Citrus. sinensis CV. Thamson extracted by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using genetic algorithm-multiple linear regression
Saeed NekoeiQuantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR) study to predict the kovats index (KI) of Citrus. sinensis CV. Thamson was performed using multiple linear regression (MLR). After extracting the essential oil and injecting it into the GC-MS device, its various compo MoreQuantitative structure-retention relationship (QSRR) study to predict the kovats index (KI) of Citrus. sinensis CV. Thamson was performed using multiple linear regression (MLR). After extracting the essential oil and injecting it into the GC-MS device, its various compounds were identified. Then, in order to model and predict the quantum index (KI) values of the compounds, first the structure of the compounds, the drawing and the appropriate group of descriptors were calculated. Then the step-wise selection method (SW) and genetic algorithm (GA) were used to obtain the best descriptors that were most related to the KI of the desired compounds. Multiple linear regression was constructed for linear modeling. Statistical data show that both SW-MLR and GA-MLR methods provide acceptable predictions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Steps, calculations and results of studies of theoretical predictions of quantitative structure retention relationship (QSRR) of Pittosporum undulatum essential oil
مجید محمدحسینی مهدی نکوئیIn this article, a detailed description of the linear models capable of predicting the inhibition indices of a large group of natural compounds identified in the essential oil of Pittosporum undulatum, as one of the medicinal plants, has been discussed. In this regard, MoreIn this article, a detailed description of the linear models capable of predicting the inhibition indices of a large group of natural compounds identified in the essential oil of Pittosporum undulatum, as one of the medicinal plants, has been discussed. In this regard, the work is based on quantitative structure retention relationship (QSRR), which is of prime importance in scientific resources to establish a logical and meaningful relationship between the Kovats index as a dependent variable and a group of molecular descriptors as independent variables. In this regard, after drawing the structure of the natural compounds using the Hypercam software and optimizing their molecular structures, Dragon software was used to extract the relevant molecular descriptors. In the next step, after removing irrelevant and redundant descriptors, a group of important and effective descriptors were identified and their linear relationship with the Kovats retention index was discussed and investigated using stepwise multiple linear regression method as well as another variable selection method based upon genetic algorithm feature selection approach. The obtained results indicate the high capability of the presented models to predict the Kovats index of a wide group of natural compounds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Chemical constituents, quantitative analysis and insecticidal activities of plant extract and essential oil from Origanum onites L.
Ramazan Erenler Ibrahim Demirtas Tunay Karan Fatih Gul Omer Kayir Omer Karakoc -
Open Access Article
40 - Transitivity Processes in Quantitative Versus Qualitative Applied Linguistics Research Articles' Discussions
Marzieh Bagherkazemi Zahra Dehini Maryam Jalali Moghaddam Bita Ghalandar-Zehi -
Open Access Article
41 - Reflection on the barriers to critical thinking in the curriculum of secondary education
وحیده علی پور مریم سیف نراقی عزت اله نادری علی شریعتمداریThe aim of this study is to investigate the factors that hinder critical thinking in the Iran high school curriculum. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were exploited in this research. In the qualitative part, curriculum development experts participated MoreThe aim of this study is to investigate the factors that hinder critical thinking in the Iran high school curriculum. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were exploited in this research. In the qualitative part, curriculum development experts participated through the deep interviews. 18 experts (educationalists) were chosen as the cases for study through biased sampling. For the quantitative episode, 97 curriculum development experts and 375 high school teachers in Tehran completed a questionnaire developed by the researchers. The qualitative results were concluded to a total of 27 primary concepts and seven main issues. The quantitative results were revealed that developing critical thinking in high school associated with some barriers, such as low attention paid to the skills of analysis, synthesis, ambiguity tolerance, risk taking, and accepting the opponent views. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - A Comparative Survey of QuantitativeDevelopment Trend in Private and GovernmentalHigher Education in the Islamic Republic of Iran
فریده آل آقا محسن کشاورز محسن رحیمیRecently, skilled and specialist manpower is one of the most important parameters in economic and cultural development of countries and the role of human capital at the rate of economic growth and development in a country is higher than euer before. Therefore, one of th MoreRecently, skilled and specialist manpower is one of the most important parameters in economic and cultural development of countries and the role of human capital at the rate of economic growth and development in a country is higher than euer before. Therefore, one of the most essential ways for achieving social-economic development is investment in higher education. With respect to the vital role of higher education in training of manpower in Iran, likein under developing countries, qualitative and quantitative development of higher education is considered as an unavoidable principle. The main goal of this research is to study the trend development of quantitative private higher education institutions in the Islamic Republic of Iran and compare it with governmental higher education institutions. The present study is an applied one and the research method is survey-descriptive. Statically, population consists of all private and governmental higher education institutions (non-governmental universities, Islamic Azad University) in the Islamic Republic of Iran and to make an in-depth examination and thorough census was conducted. On the other hand, evidence shows that during the two last decades, governmental facilities and budgets could not respond to it. Thus, establishment, development and tooling of private and non-governmental universities and institutes, that the great part of it is Islamic Azad university, attracted considerable attention and growth. Hence Islamic Azad university students outnumber others (Bazargan, ). With respect to the sensitive role of this section, careful knowledge about its potentials and as well as planning for the future, is very crucial. Thus, in this research, primarily, the backgrounds of establishment and trend of private higher education development in some countries was discussed and then with the presentation of a short history of private higher education in Islamic Republic of Iran, we investigated the trend of growth in Iranian private and governmental higher education institutes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Assessment of Content of Business and Technology Textbooks Ninth Grade The Amount of Attention to the Concepts of Entrepreneurship
reza jafariharandiResearch aimed to An Content Analysis of of assessment of content of business and technology textbooks sixth grade elementary school the amount of attention to the concepts of entrepreneurship descriptive method content analysis was performed. The study population inclu MoreResearch aimed to An Content Analysis of of assessment of content of business and technology textbooks sixth grade elementary school the amount of attention to the concepts of entrepreneurship descriptive method content analysis was performed. The study population included, business and technology textbooks sixth grade elementary school in school year 2018 Considering the nature and logic of the research, the entire text of the book was examined as an example. Measurement tool, self-made content analysis checklist Consisting of the concept and 41 Index was, the validity of the use of professional judgment (validity and content) determined using Scott reliability 0.97 respectively. results using descriptive statistics were used in the process of Shannon entropy analysis. Based on research, business and technology textbooks Ninth grade elementary school 270 times concepts of entrepreneurship, focused The index distribution of its importance The concepts of risk appetite, achievement, responsibility, creativity, tolerance of ambiguity, internal control and foresight Respectively 0.123, 0.149, 0.160, 0.161, 0.093, 0.164, 0.150. It is also important to factor in the algorithm module, drawing on a computer, motor mechanics, computer games, electrical, mechanical, Construction, automotive, monitoring of child growth and development, crafts and professional academic guidance, respectively 0.103, 0.081, 0.100, 0.101, 0.100, 0.089, 0.097, 0.070, 0.091, 0.100, 0.066. The overall conclusion was that the distribution of importance coefficients in concepts and modules is unbalanced, and education and promotion of entrepreneurship concepts should not be as comprehensive as possible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Improving Image Quality Based on Feature Extraction and Gaussian Model
Alireza Alirezaei Shahraki Mehran Emadi -
Open Access Article
45 - Molecular detection of coronavirus causing infectious bronchitis in laying hens with cystic oviduct and quantitative and qualitative reduction of egg production
Maryam Jalahi Majid Gholami-AhangarnBackground and Aim: In this study, the contribution of IB coronavirus in egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrome was investigated.Methods: nine laying hen flocks attected to egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrom and 10 laying farms with a health MoreBackground and Aim: In this study, the contribution of IB coronavirus in egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrome was investigated.Methods: nine laying hen flocks attected to egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrom and 10 laying farms with a healthy appearance were sampled. In addition, 6 farms with cystic oviduct were sampled in laying flocks, in Isfahan province. After extracting the genome, a fragment of 1200 bp of coronavirus S1 gene was amplified for identification of IB.Results: Out of 9 laying farms with quantitative and qualitative egg reduction syndrome and 10 apparently healthy farms, respectively 7 and 4 farms (78 and 40%) were infected with IB coronavirus based at least one positive sample. Out of 59 samples from farms with egg quantitative and qualitative reduction syndrome, 32 samples (54.2%) and out of 66 samples taken from apparently healthy farms, 7 samples (10.6%) were evaluated positive for IB coronavirus. In this study, all 6 farms with cystic oviduct had at least one positive sample for IB coronavirus and 31 samples out of 41 samples (73.17%) infected with IB coronavirus.Conclusion: IB coronavirus has a high share in the syndrome of quantitative and qualitative reduction of egg production in laying hens, but not all cases can be attributed to this virus and other infectious and non-infectious factors should be monitored. Due to the high frequency of this virus in cystic oviduct, it is necessary to identify the viral types that induce this disorder and to develop an appropriate control program. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Study on Weed Status in Mashhad Khorshid Park
Omid Torabinia Mohammad Bazoobandi Seyed Hossein Torabi Mohammad Hasan HadizadehTo beautify and improve landscape of Mashhad metropolitan city, weed situation of Khorshid Park was studied. Thirty weed species belonging to 15 plants families formed the relatively diverse weed communities established on plains and hillsides of the park most of which MoreTo beautify and improve landscape of Mashhad metropolitan city, weed situation of Khorshid Park was studied. Thirty weed species belonging to 15 plants families formed the relatively diverse weed communities established on plains and hillsides of the park most of which belonged to Asteraceae, Poaceae and Fabaceae families, respectively. Sixteen of which (53%) were annuals, 37% were perennials and 10% were biennials. the richness of the plain weed community with 26 species was more than hillsides with 20 species. Weed community in hillside weed was highly uniform while uniformity of weed community in plains was less than hillsides showing signs of dominance at the beginning of the season. The Logarithmic distribution model of species showed the habitats are not relatively demolished, The similarity between weed communities of plains and hillsides was less than the similarity between seasonal weed communities of each habitat indicating more adaption of weeds to habitat conditions. The less similarity was obtained between spring weeds of both habitats while the most similarity was observed between summer weed communities. This survey proved that plains are threatened by noxious weed species such as Acroptilon repens L., Cynodon dactylon L., Hordeum murinum L., Bromus tectorum L. and Setaria viridis L. while hillsides menaced by Acroptilon repens L., Alhagi camelorum Fisch., Cirsium arvense and Xanthium strumarium L. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Study of quantitative structure–property relationship for predicting the logP of pyrethroid derivatives using multiple linear regression method
Mostafa Sadeghi Esmat Mohammadinasab Tahereh Momeni IsfahaniIn this research, predicting the logP of 34 types different pyrethroid derivatives was studied using quantitative structure-property relationship. The logP of studied pyrethroids was modeled using the genetic algorithm based on linear regression method (GA-MLR). It was MoreIn this research, predicting the logP of 34 types different pyrethroid derivatives was studied using quantitative structure-property relationship. The logP of studied pyrethroids was modeled using the genetic algorithm based on linear regression method (GA-MLR). It was found that the three effective descriptors GATS4P, PW3 and ZM1V have a reasonable correlation with logP, and led to the creation of a model with the highest regression coefficient and the lower error. The evaluation of GA-MLR model predictive ability for test set was performed by statistical parameters such as R2= 0.862, R2adj = 0.848, F=62.296 and MSE = 0.503. Also, the value of Q2LOO= 0.861 using the cross-validation method, and the values of R2 =0.880 and 0.929 for the training and test sets respectively, in the external validation method showed a very good correlation between experimental and prediction values. It was specified that the MLR model was reliable for predicting the logP of pyrethroid insecticides, and had sufficient accuracy with the lowest error. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Factors Influencing the Formation of Organic Services Marketing in Tourism Industry
Hamidreza Dehghani Samad Aali Alireza Bafandehzendeh -
Open Access Article
49 - Assess Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Phosphorous Biofertilizers (Azospirillum and Pseudomonas) on Barley Crop Production and Seed Protein Content
Tahereh Hasanabadi Hamideh Khalaj Mohammad Reza Ardakani Maryam Delfani -
Open Access Article
50 - Determine Correlation between Traits and Regression of Bread Wheat Affected Different Level of Combination Chemical and Biological Fertilizer and Several Type of Application Fertilizer
Zhaleh Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
51 - The Effect of Volume Discounts in the Economic Order Quantity Model Using Fuzzy Approach
Gholamreza Amini Khiabani Karim HamdiProduction Programming and Inventory Control are known as most important topics in manufacturing companies subordinated the uncertainty and risk. This uncertainty increases the system costs while economic order quantity (EOQ) gives direct benefit to the organization. In MoreProduction Programming and Inventory Control are known as most important topics in manufacturing companies subordinated the uncertainty and risk. This uncertainty increases the system costs while economic order quantity (EOQ) gives direct benefit to the organization. In this research, a new inventory control model will be devised due to the volume discount and under fuzzy approach. To calculate the optimal parameters, we used pre-solving de-fuzzification for all entrance parameters and pro-solving de-fuzzification for all output parameters based on torques method in parameters certainty. Meanwhile, converting de-fuzzification models to classical models and replacing de-fuzzy digits finally led to calculate the suggestive parameters. To better illustrate the model sensitivity, we used a case study. The result showed this heuristic approach would analytically examine the model and determine optimal parameters quantity for each level and each optimal level could be selected depends on the organization policies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Evaluation of University Performance by a Lexicographic Goal Programming Model with an Educational and Research Approach (Case Study: Shahed University).
Saeed Safari Hossein SabzianInstitutions of higher education (both public and private) are among the most important institutions of a country. Several economic factors have forced them to embark on improving the cost-effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of their activities and the quality of their MoreInstitutions of higher education (both public and private) are among the most important institutions of a country. Several economic factors have forced them to embark on improving the cost-effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of their activities and the quality of their products (outputs) is strongly expected. Such issues have lead universities to focus on profit-making activities and commercialization like manufacturing industries. This inclination is grounded in the fact that manufacturing industries that work under an efficient management system can produce very high-quality products. In fact, there is no such a model for academic contexts. Therefore, this paper is aimed at offering such a model. The coefficients and constants used in this model have all been extracted based on analyzing research and educational aspects of the University. The proposed model is an integer linear Goal programming model which has 36 decision variables that are broken down into two classes of university sources variables (15) and university products variables. The model also includes 49 Goals, 7 structural constraints, and 20 integer variables. At the end of the paper, the current situation is compared with the recommended one and it shows that many of the variables are suboptimal except variables of research and educational officials ( ), graduate ( ) and Ph.D. ( ) night course students number. The comprehensiveness of this model enables managers to plan the smallest research and educational activities and its solutions can be used by managers as applied guidelines. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - A Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of Master's Theses in Education of Mazandaran province
مریم تقوایی یزدی The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality and quantity of master's and doctoral dissertations in Mazandaran province. The type of research was descriptive content analysis and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population in the More The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality and quantity of master's and doctoral dissertations in Mazandaran province. The type of research was descriptive content analysis and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population in the qualitative section of the research were the experts of the scientific community and academic specialists and in the quantitative section, all the dissertations of the graduates of the Islamic Azad University of Sari Branch with a total of 3367 dissertations which have been presented in five trends of the Department of Educational Sciences in the academic years of 2011-2020. The sampling method was stratified random. The sample size was determined using Krejcie and Morgan table. Structured interviews (10 questions) were used to collect qualitative data. In the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire was designed based on the criteria extracted from the qualitative stage. Cronbach's alpha method was used to determine the reliability of the data collection tool. Data analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U, Friedman rankings and utility tests via Spss23 software. The results showed that among 18 sections of master's theses reviewed, the conclusion section was in a less favorable condition and the sections (abstract, problem statement, research objectives, etc.) were in a relatively good condition and finally, the sections of the title, keywords, introduction, statistical population, sample and sampling, appendices and principles of correct writing were in the desired condition. In fact, according to the mean rank, the greatest weakness is in the sections of conclusion, problem statement and the significance of research, respectively, and the strongest point of dissertations have been in the sections of keywords, appendices and research methodologies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Effect of Quran and other former texts on Mathnavi Taghdis and Mathnavi Maanavi based on theory of Genette's Periphertextuality
Ramin khosravi Iqbal MirJalaluddin kazazi Farhad tahmasbiMathnavi Taghdis written by Mullah Ahmad Naraghi has imitated Mathnavi Maanavi and abundant subjects have been studied and analyzed from the mystical and religious viewpoints similar to Molana's Mathnavi. In this paper, the effect of Quranic stories and other former tex MoreMathnavi Taghdis written by Mullah Ahmad Naraghi has imitated Mathnavi Maanavi and abundant subjects have been studied and analyzed from the mystical and religious viewpoints similar to Molana's Mathnavi. In this paper, the effect of Quranic stories and other former texts on Mathnavi Taghdis and Mathnavi Maanavi has been analyzed based on Genette’s Periphertextuality theory. Findings of this paper show that Mowlana and Naraghi have utilized Quranic stories, folklore culture, former mystical texts etc. Explaining the form and thought of their narrations, this paper investigates the abovementioned narratives. Therefore, their work is result of intertextual relation in which they have established with other texts according to Genette. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Identifying possible and superior marketing strategies of Arad Rastin Adib Dana Company and testing the effectiveness of superior strategies on its profitability based on the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) approach
Mohammad Hossein Aghaeipour Noei somayeh shokravi Reza KhoshsimaThe purpose of this research is to identify possible and superior marketing strategies of Arad Rastin Adib Dana Company and to test the effect of superior strategies on its profitability based on the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) approach. For this purpo MoreThe purpose of this research is to identify possible and superior marketing strategies of Arad Rastin Adib Dana Company and to test the effect of superior strategies on its profitability based on the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) approach. For this purpose, the SWOT matrix of internal and external factors related to the process of formulating marketing strategies of Arad Rastin Adib Dana Company was prepared. Based on the obtained scores, it was determined that the strengths of this company have gained more total scores than the weaknesses. Also, the evaluation of the matrix of external factors showed that the total scores of the factors related to the opportunities of Arad Rastin Adib Dana Company were higher than the total scores of its threats. Finally, based on the matrix of internal and external factors, the superior marketing strategies of Arad Rastin Adib Dana company with an aggressive nature and the growth and development of sales activity for this company have been identified and based on Walker et al.'s model (2003) in the form of 4 types of market penetration strategies, Market development, product development and diversification were arranged and suggested. The results of the analysis of the QSPM approach confirmed and emphasized the use of internal capacities for internal development instead of the integration strategy (competitor purchase). In the second part of this research, the results of the hypothesis test also showed that the strategies resulting from the SWOT analysis and the QSPM approach have a significant effect on the profitability of Arad Rastin Adib Dana Company. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Introduction of Local Beakers in Dahan-e Gholaman Achaemenid Settlement
Zohreh Zehbari Reza MehrAfarin Seyyed Rasool Mousavi HajiDahan-e Gholaman is the most important excavated site of Achaemenid period in the southeast of Iran. This site was discovered in 1960 by Umberto Scerrato and was excavated twice. First archaeological excavation was in 1965- 1962 by an Italian Expedition under Scerrato&r MoreDahan-e Gholaman is the most important excavated site of Achaemenid period in the southeast of Iran. This site was discovered in 1960 by Umberto Scerrato and was excavated twice. First archaeological excavation was in 1965- 1962 by an Italian Expedition under Scerrato’s supervision and the second archaeological excavation was undertaken in 1379-1384 by an Iranian Expedition under Sajjadi’s supervision. Archaeogeophysics has been used in recent studies in Dahan-E Gholaman by Kourosh Mohamadkhani. Pottery is the only valuable archaeological finding of Dahan-e Gholaman. Therefore the investigation of the potteries is useful for improving our knowledge of Achaemenid ceramic tradition in southeast of Iran. This paper is devoted to discovered beakers from this site and has been written based on statistical analyses and quantitative variables of 412 beakers. For this purpose, all of beakers have been studied and analyzed using different aspects and variables. The statistical analyses and technical characteristics of Beakers show that this ceramics were produced on certain standards and for specific purposes in Dahana-e Gholaman. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Evaluation of CCND1 and ITGB1 genes expression in patients with breast cancer
Farnam Gholipour Maralan shohreh Zare Karizi Mohammad Ebrahim zadehBreast cancer is the most common type of invasive cancer and the second cause of cancer-related death in women. Therefore, evaluating the molecular mechanisms is of crucial importance in this respect. the CCND1 gene encodes the Cyclin D1 protein and Cyclin D1 overexpres MoreBreast cancer is the most common type of invasive cancer and the second cause of cancer-related death in women. Therefore, evaluating the molecular mechanisms is of crucial importance in this respect. the CCND1 gene encodes the Cyclin D1 protein and Cyclin D1 overexpression has been shown to correlate with early cancer onset and tumor progression. Cyclin D1 overexpression can also down-regulate Fas expression, leading to increased chemotherapeutic resistance and protection from apoptosis. In addition, Integrin beta-1 (ITGB1), is a cell surface receptor that in humans is encoded by the ITGB1 gene. Abnormal levels of integrin beta-1D have been found in limb girdle muscular dystrophy and polyneuropathy.Sample from tissues of 30 patients with breast cancer and the normal margin of tissues were bought from Imam Khomeini hospital. Afterwards, genomic RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis using quantitative real-time PCR method was implemented and after primer design for CCND1 and ITGB1 genes, gene expression was analyzed. The CCND1 and ITGB1 genes demonstrated a significant expression increase in breast cancer tumor samples compared to adjacent normal samples (P <0.0001). The increased expression of CCND1 and ITGB1 genes may enhance the process of cell cycle and this condition can develop tumorigenesis; however more research is needed to confirm these findings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - QSAR, Molecular docking and Molecular dynamics studies simulation of Epigenetic inhibitors
ghasem ghasemi babak motahary Robabe SayadikordAbadi omid alizadehDevelopment of QSAR and molecular docking is a key to the elucidation of pathomechanisms of epigenetic diseases. Quantitative structure- activity relationship (QSAR), Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were carried out for some modulators of modified ch MoreDevelopment of QSAR and molecular docking is a key to the elucidation of pathomechanisms of epigenetic diseases. Quantitative structure- activity relationship (QSAR), Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were carried out for some modulators of modified chromatin proteins as anticancer agents. The Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA), partial least squares (PLS), Principle component regression(PCR), Coralsea,and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) were used to achieve the QSAR models. Suitable descriptors were selected which includes features such as atomic mass, Van der waals volume, shape and geometrical structure of compounds. Then, molecular docking studies were performed using Autodock Vina software which had a high throughput accuracy. Based on features such as number of hydrogen bonds, bonding length, binding affinity, and also root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), the best complex were selected. In general, QSAR, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation illustrated that compounds 9 and 14 were selected as suitable agents for the design of anticancer drugs. Drug-likeness descriptors of compounds calculated by DruLiTo. In the molecular docking study, the maximum binding affinity of -9 kcal/mol was obtained between each of enzyme systems (PDB: 3MXF) and the geometric-optimized molecules, representing a strong interaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Identifying and prioritizing institutional socialization tactics in government organizations with a qualitative-quantitative integrated approach
Seyed Mohammad Reza Mohades Khalesi mehran mokhtari baye kolaii Ghorbanali Aghaahmadi davod kia KojouriIntroduction: Organizations, through regular and continuous structuring of employees' behavior, cause the alignment and adaptation of individual attitudes, values and behaviors with the values, norms and desirable organizational behaviors.Organizations should provide ap MoreIntroduction: Organizations, through regular and continuous structuring of employees' behavior, cause the alignment and adaptation of individual attitudes, values and behaviors with the values, norms and desirable organizational behaviors.Organizations should provide appropriate opportunities to familiarize employees with the mission, goals, job tasks and desired values of the organization in order to increase efficiency and effectiveness and achieve competitive advantage. This study aims to identify and prioritize institutional socialization tactics with a qualitative-quantitative integrated approach.Research Method: The method of this research is descriptive with an applied purpose. The statistical population of the study is 10 experts of senior managers of government organizations under the Ministry of Oil in the study area, among whom Delphi questionnaires, pairwise comparisons and Demetel were distributed. Data were analyzed using ANP-DEMATEL approach.Results: Based on the results of the research, it was proved that the "collective" criterion with a final weight of 0.205 is the first priority among the criteria, the consecutive criterion has the most impact and interaction, the permanent criterion has the most impact and the sub-criterion "effective job training" For newcomers "with a final weight of 0.0507 is the first priority among the sub-criteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Examining Integration of Tehran Urban Management System (Case Study Urban Services Mission)
Rohulah Alikhan gorganiCity as a general integrated entity requires an effective organization with an integrated management. Given the importance of integration in urban management, the main question in this research is: what are the main structural elements of indigenous pattern MoreCity as a general integrated entity requires an effective organization with an integrated management. Given the importance of integration in urban management, the main question in this research is: what are the main structural elements of indigenous pattern of Tehran urban management and what kind of dependence and coordination mechanisms are there among them? In this paper, the author uses deductive-inductive study to propose a conceptual model and quantitative analyses is used to test the proposed model. Statistical population of the study is top managers of Tehran municipality in urban services area. To tap the opinions of experts about importance of each urban service’s objectives, group analytic hierarchy process (GAHP) was used. Finally, weight and importance of each urban service’s objective was identified, using the questionnaire. Analysis results indicate that in urban services area, mission of municipal services and beauty is the most important and mission of providing crops and protein for citizens is less important. Also suitable mechanisms to coordinate the relationship between municipalities and related organizations were determined separately for different objectives Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Relationships between Oil and Grain Yield with Morphologic Traits in Single Cross Hybrids of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)
A.R. Tarinejad P. Ramezani V. Rashidi M. GhafariGrain and oil yield in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) are quantitative traits, which are products of interactions between numbers of traits. Thus, evaluation of different traits and their relationships are important to the researcher. In this study, important agronomi MoreGrain and oil yield in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) are quantitative traits, which are products of interactions between numbers of traits. Thus, evaluation of different traits and their relationships are important to the researcher. In this study, important agronomic traits and their relationships in sixteen single cross hybrids in a randomized complete block design experiment with three replications were investigated during 2009 at the Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch. Result indicated that all of the morphological traits except ratio of kernel/achen, area of the flag leaf and hull weight per head were significant at 5% probability levels. Mean comparisons showed that hybrids including 8(CMS322×R2) and 13(CMS346×R56) possessed promising traits such as seed and oil yield, 100-seed weight, head diameter, stem diameter, total number of seeds per head, ratio of kernel/achen, day to flowering, the number and area of leaf to include in breeding programs. The result also showed that correlations between grain yield and with other traits such as growing period length¸ day to physiological maturity and stem diameter¸ head diameter¸ number of seeds per head and number of filled seeds per were head positive and significant at 5% probability levels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Effect of Iron Containing Fertilizers and Botamisol on some Traits of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Sanaz Pourali Arash RoozbahaniTo evaluate the effect of amino acids and nano particles and application of iron chelate on some quantitative traits, harvest index and marketable tuber yield of potato a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducte MoreTo evaluate the effect of amino acids and nano particles and application of iron chelate on some quantitative traits, harvest index and marketable tuber yield of potato a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at Research Field of Damavand Natural Resources Institute in 2013. The first factor was amino acid (Botamisol 45%) at two levels (application and non- application) and the second factor was iron fertilizer in five levels: without iron fertilizer (control), the soil application, the foliar application, the soil + foliar applications, the soil + foliar applications. The results of variance analysis showed that all of the attributes studied were affected by using both amino acid and iron containing fertilizer (nano and chelate) significantly at the 1% level of probability. Mean comparisons also showed that the attributes under study positively responded to amino acid applications. The soil and foliar applications of iron nano particles were higher effective. This indicates that application of iron nano particles were more effective on desired attributes than iron chelate application. Amino acid and iron fertilizer interactions indicated that traits like protein and iron percentage, average weight of tuber, biological yield and marketable yield responded quite positively to amino acid and nano-iron foliar and soil applications. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Effect of Sowing Date on Qualitative and Quantitative Characteristics of Two Varieties of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) Populations
A. Vaseghi A. Ghanbari M. Heydari S. DavazdahemamiIn order to investigate the effect of planting date on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of medicinal plant of black cumin was investigated in a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with four replications at Khomeini – shahr, MoreIn order to investigate the effect of planting date on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of medicinal plant of black cumin was investigated in a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with four replications at Khomeini – shahr, in the province of Isfahan, Iran, during growing season of 2009-2010. In this study India and Isfahan populations were assigned to main plots and four sowing date (16 Nov, 16 Dec, 6 Mar and 4 Apr) to sub plots. The results indicated that planting date, populations and their interactions had significant effect on most of the traits measured. It was also observed that the two populations were significantly different in phenological, morphological and qualitative characteristics. Isfahan population due to its compatibility to the climate of Isfahan produced highest seed yield and oil percent than the Indian population at 6 Mar. planting date. Also, late planting date resulted in reduced values of most of the traits related to yield and yield components. It was also observed that highest dry matter, manganese, sodium, calcium and zinc contents were obtained from the Isfahan and highest content of ash, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, copper and iron from Indian populations. It may conclude that if it is aimed to have higher seed yield and oil percent it is better to plant Isfahan population at the second and third and Indian population at the third planting dates. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Reduction of Phenmedipham + Desmedipham + Ethofumesate Herbicides Dosage Based on Application Timing in Sugar Beet
Valiyolah Anabestani Mohammad ArminAn experiment was conducted to study possible reduction of concentration (dose) of phenmedipham + desmedipham + ethofumesate herbicides at different application times to control weeds in sugar beet field. Thus, a factorial experiment based on complete randomized block d MoreAn experiment was conducted to study possible reduction of concentration (dose) of phenmedipham + desmedipham + ethofumesate herbicides at different application times to control weeds in sugar beet field. Thus, a factorial experiment based on complete randomized block design with three replications was performed at Sabzevar, Khorasan-e-Razavi in 2013. Factors consisted of herbicide dosages (control, 75% of the recommended dosage, and 125% of recommended dosage and application times at 2-4, 4-8 and 8-12 leaf stages of sugar beet. Herbicide used in the experiment was phenmedipham (9.2%) + desmedipham (7.2%) + ethofumesate (11.3%) (PROGRESS OF BETAMIX) as 877 ga.i ha-1 27.4 EC. The results indicated that the delayed application of herbicide increased weed density by 55.92% and weed dry matter by 33%. Application of herbicide at 4-8 leaf stage produced highest root and sugar yields. Root impurities were not affected by the time of herbicide application. Used of 125% of recommended dosage resulted in lowest weed density and weed dry matter and highest root and sugar yields. Impure sugar percentage and K content was not affected by herbicide dosage. Other root quality characteristics were not statistically significant different between the recommended dose 125% of recommended dosages. Results as a wholes suggested that at early growth stage of sugar beet (2-4 leaf stage) lower herbicide dosage and at later growth stage of sugar beet (8-12 leaf stage) higher herbicide dosage may produce highest root yield of sugar beet. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - استفاده از معادلات ساختاری در تحقیقات زبان دوم: مفاهیم کلیدی و ملاحظات اساسی
حسام الدین قنبرهمانطوری که مدل های یادگیری زبان، و استفاده و پردازش آن به تکامل بیشتری می رسند، طبیعی و لازم به نظر می رسد که به فراخور مدل های آماری نیز مناسب این تکامل و پیشرفت بشوند. یک نگرش آماری با ظرفیت های بسیار زیاد درحیطه زبانشناسی کاربردی و تحقیقات زبان دوم رویکرد معادلات سا Moreهمانطوری که مدل های یادگیری زبان، و استفاده و پردازش آن به تکامل بیشتری می رسند، طبیعی و لازم به نظر می رسد که به فراخور مدل های آماری نیز مناسب این تکامل و پیشرفت بشوند. یک نگرش آماری با ظرفیت های بسیار زیاد درحیطه زبانشناسی کاربردی و تحقیقات زبان دوم رویکرد معادلات ساختاری است. رویکرد معادلات ساختاری معرفی شده در این مقاله یک خانواده بسیار قوی و منعطف از روش ها با ظرفیت های زیاد است. ما در این مقاله معرفی محور ابتدا متغیرهای مورد استفاده در تحلیل معادلات ساختاری را معرفی می کنیم و سپس به تبیین ملاحظات آماری داده های این نوع تحلیل ها به همراه بیان نکات کاربردی این روش آماری در اعتبارسنجی ابزار های زبانی مانند پرسشنامه ها خواهم پرداخت. در سراسر این مقاله مثال های متعددی از کاربرد روش تحلیل معادلات ساختاری در مقالات مربوط به مطالعات زبان دوم نیز ارائه شده تا خواننده بهتر با کاربرد ها و نکات مربوطه آشنا گردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Factors hindering critical thinking within the Iranian High Schools’ Curriculum
Vahideh Alipour Maryam Seif Narghi Ezzatollah Naderi Ali ShariatmadariIran The quantitative results indicate that developing critical thinking in high school faces some barriers such as: low attention paid to the skills of analysis, synthesis, ambiguity tolerance, risk taking, and accepting the opponent views and etc.Iran The quantitative results indicate that developing critical thinking in high school faces some barriers such as: low attention paid to the skills of analysis, synthesis, ambiguity tolerance, risk taking, and accepting the opponent views and etc. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Designing A Sustainable Supply Chain Model for Project Companies: The Case of Pars Garma Industrial and Constructional Company
Mahdi Vafaee Mansoor Momeni Ebrahim Teimouri Ahmad JafarnejadOwing to the importance of sustainability in the supply chain of project-oriented companies, this study aimed to design a model for identification of factors that may influence supply chain sustainability in project production at Pars Garma Industrial and Constructional MoreOwing to the importance of sustainability in the supply chain of project-oriented companies, this study aimed to design a model for identification of factors that may influence supply chain sustainability in project production at Pars Garma Industrial and Constructional Company. To serve the purpose, the interpretive applied study commenced with extensive library research to scrutinize existing theories and findings from conceptual and applied research and identify enablers and key factors that may impact supply chain sustainability. An interview protocol and a questionnaire were further developed to collect the research data. These instruments were validated based on the views of 10 experts serving as managers and decision makers of Pars Garma Company who were selected using a judgment sampling procedure. The research population comprised 155 individuals out of whom a sample of 120 were selected according to the Cochran formula. Having collected and analyzed the data, the findings indicated 7 main dimensions of project characteristics, contractors’ characteristics, managers’ characteristics, communication features, characteristics of supervisory organizations, performance evaluation and characteristics of the society, each with constituent components. The implications of the findings will be discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Performance Analysis of Knowledge-Based Firms: The Case of Tehran Science and Technology Park Firms
Hormat Asghari Karamollaa Daneshfard Naser MirsepasiPerformance analysis is a crucial requirement in the development of Science and Technology Parks. Having employed both qualitative and quantitative techniques, this mix-method developmental and applied study was undertaken to analyze the performance of knowledge-based f MorePerformance analysis is a crucial requirement in the development of Science and Technology Parks. Having employed both qualitative and quantitative techniques, this mix-method developmental and applied study was undertaken to analyze the performance of knowledge-based firms in Science and Technology Parks based on the performance evaluation model. The model system used was designed based on a sound review of the theoretical background, documentary analysis and interviews with 17 experts in the field. To evaluate the model and the status quo, a fieldwork questionnaire was distributed among 260 experts and managers in Tehran Science and Technology Parks. The collected data were analyzed via Structural Equation Modeling. The results of the interviews revealed that the experts identified the system model as the best model for assessing the performance of knowledge-based companies; this template was developed in the form of inputs, processes and outputs along with related indicators which were further evaluated. At the stage of pathology, the identified variables were scrutinized among which Human Resource Management (HRM) was found to be less efficiently functioning compared to other variables. HRM comprises employment of qualified human resources and adequately maintaining and organizing them to facilitate cooperation, which were found to be far from adequacy. The findings offer some implications for effective management of Science and Technology Parks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Fuzzy asymmetrical semi-quantitative project analysis in accordance with organizational strategy of risk management
Mohammad Hassan Sobhieah Hossein Ashkoh Elnaz AliyoonIn recent years, risk management has become an inherent part of project management process, particularly in the large and complex projects.Various standards and procedures have been developed for its optimization.Because of short-comings in the quantitative analysis reg MoreIn recent years, risk management has become an inherent part of project management process, particularly in the large and complex projects.Various standards and procedures have been developed for its optimization.Because of short-comings in the quantitative analysis regarding increasing flexibility and speedy trend of risk management,also dependency of the qualitative analysis on linguistic variables in determining risk priorities, and not considering the organizational strategy in risk management, this paper,using fuzzy logic in analysis of linguistic variables,tries to develop a new framework for evaluating risk project based on fuzzy asymmetrical semi-quantilative analysis in accordance with organizational strategy,in order to identify and quantify the relationship between risk indices and their effects on risk projects.The research methodology was quantitative, and the data were collected through interview, observation in a case study of mining petroleum project. The statistical included senior managers in oil industry. The resultes showed that the current approaches in qualitative risk didn`t have a realistic attitude in prioritizing important risks. In the addition it showed that an approach based on organizational strategy is necessary. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Strategies for revitalizing the historical square of Sahib-al-Amar in Tabriz using the QSPM matrix
Samaneh Mahdinezhad shahryar shaghaghi Seyedeh Roghayeh Rafiei BanialSadeghIntroduction: Historical districts in cities have played a significant role in shaping the urban life and cultural identity. Over time, various changes and developments have led to the deterioration of these areas. Utilizing prominent historical buildings as strengths a MoreIntroduction: Historical districts in cities have played a significant role in shaping the urban life and cultural identity. Over time, various changes and developments have led to the deterioration of these areas. Utilizing prominent historical buildings as strengths and addressing environmental and physical challenges as weaknesses can greatly impact historical districts. The Sahib-al-Amr historical square in Tabriz, Iran, has historical significance but currently lacks its former identity and value. Therefore, the aim of the current research is to develop strategies for the revitalization of this historical square. Because revitalizing this square is crucial for preserving its historical and cultural value. The current physical challenges and visitor experience demand strategic planning and action for its revitalization. Methodology: The study focuses on the Sahib-al-Amr square in Tabriz, Iran, which holds a special place in the city's history. Dating back to the 14th century, the square has witnessed various transformations and architectural marvels, reflecting the influential periods it has experienced. The methodology employed in the research involved using the SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) matrix and QSPM (Quantitative Strategy Planning Matrix) to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, and to develop practical strategies for revitalization. The research strategy falls within the adaptive range (WO), as determined by the QSPM matrix. Results: The results of the Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) matrix reveal the significant impact of existing historical buildings as a strength and visual pollution and lack of security as the most significant weaknesses affecting the historical square. The External Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrix highlights the economic potential of the market as an opportunity, while concerns such as the absence of security due to broken windows and unauthorized encroachments are identified as the most threatening factors. The QSPM matrix found that priority 1 is creating arrangements for tourists in the historical complex, with a score of 7.23. Priority 2 is making rules to preserve historical buildings in the area, with a score of 7.20. Priority 3 is modernizing the use around the square and considering its historical role, with a score of 7.19. Priority 4 is adding nighttime activities, with a score of 7.08. Priority 5 is limiting car traffic in the complex, with a score of 4.49. Conclusion: The study recommends an adaptive strategy within the operational range to enhance the environment by leveraging existing capabilities and opportunities. These strategies aim to maximize the square's potential, enhance its historical significance, and create a vibrant, secure, and engaging environment for locals and visitors alike. Strategies for achieving this include formulating regulations to preserve historical buildings, modernizing the use around the square, creating tourist facilities, adding nighttime activities, and reducing car traffic within the historical complex. These strategies not only enhance the city's cultural identity but also contribute to local economy, tourism, and community development. The practical findings and recommendations contribute to the revitalization of similar historical areas and the preservation of the country's rich cultural and historical identity. The proposed measures, such as stakeholder involvement, improved security, pedestrian infrastructure, and traffic management, aim to revitalize and bring prosperity to Tabriz's historical district. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Quantitative assessment of multi hazard risk (fire following earthquake) according to the method (ETA).Case: regions 1 and 6 Shiraz Municipality
Leila Eshrati Amir Mahmoodzadeh Masoud TaghvaeiMulti hazards pose a serious threat to human life. It can cause considerable damages. The evaluation of the expected losses due to multi hazards requires a risk assessment. Multi hazards risk assessment allow the identification of the most endangered areas and suggest w MoreMulti hazards pose a serious threat to human life. It can cause considerable damages. The evaluation of the expected losses due to multi hazards requires a risk assessment. Multi hazards risk assessment allow the identification of the most endangered areas and suggest where further detailed studies have to be carried out.In this study, we aimed to assess the risks of multi hazard, Use of Quantitative event tree analysis in physical and human vulnerability assessment and risk mapping final (fire following earthquake). Analysis of data collected according to a combination of descriptive research and quantitative analysis. Quantitative risk assessment based on the Quantitative event tree analysis and HAZUS software. Domino effect in multi hazard vulnerability assessment based on event tree analysis. Two types of hazards will be assessed, namely earthquake, and fire following earthquake. The study estimated the direct physical vulnerability of buildings, Essential facilities And vulnerability to human (The casualties). The results show that the Study Area Most of the buildings in the study area (74%) has a low level of risk, "risk levels less than 10,000", 23.9% of the buildings in the study area has a moderate level of risk, "risk levels between 10,000 and 1,000,000" and finally (1.9%) buildings with an area of 639,660.47 square meters has a high-risk "risk levels than 1,000,000". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - الگوی کاربرد روش QFD و ماتریس QSPM جهت کسب انواع دانش مشتریان در مدیریت دانش مشتری (در حوزه صنعت خودروسازی)
کامران جمالی فیروزآبادی غزاله اکباتانیامروزه مشتریمحور فعالیتهای سازمانها قرارگرفتهاستو از طرف دیگر کیفیت به عنوانیکمفهومودغدغهمدیریت در رابطهبارضایتمشتریدر نظر گرفته میشود، بنابراین با تمرکز بر هدف مشترک مدیریت دانش مشتری و تکنیک گسترش عملکرد کیفیت، که ارزش نهادن بر مشتری و رسیدن به رضایتمندی وی را در Moreامروزه مشتریمحور فعالیتهای سازمانها قرارگرفتهاستو از طرف دیگر کیفیت به عنوانیکمفهومودغدغهمدیریت در رابطهبارضایتمشتریدر نظر گرفته میشود، بنابراین با تمرکز بر هدف مشترک مدیریت دانش مشتری و تکنیک گسترش عملکرد کیفیت، که ارزش نهادن بر مشتری و رسیدن به رضایتمندی وی را در نظر میگیرد، این تحقیق در حوزه صنعت خودرو، با تمرکز بر انواع دانش مشتری در حوزه مدیریت آن به تحلیل، بررسی و ارزیابی روش QFD در بعد رضایت مشتری پرداخته است و در آن از ماتریسهای ارزیابی عوامل خارجیEFEM) )، ارزیابی عوامل داخلی(IFEM) و برنامهریزی استراتژیک کمی (QSPM) استفاده کرده است. در نتیجه بین QFD و هر یک از ماتریسهای ذکر شده رابطه معنادار مشاهده شده است. نهایتاً از ماتریس QSPM در بعد رضایت مشتری و QSPM در شناسایی و کسب هر یک از انواع دانش مشتری برای هر مرحله از QFDبا توجه به نتایج ماتریسهای IFEMو EFEMو مجموع نمرههای جذابیت هر نوع دانشمشتری که در این ماتریس حاصل میشود، استفاده شده است. در آخر نتیجه تحقیق به صورت الگوی کاربرد QFD و QSPMدر کسب انواع دانش مشتری در مدیریت دانش مشتری ارائه شده است که با تعیین نوع دانش مشتری در هر مرحله از QFD، یک پایگاه داده مشترک بین دو حوزه مدیرت دانش مشتری و مدیریت کیفیت در سازمان ایجاد و امکان مدیریت صحیح دانش مشتری برای سازمان فراهم شده است که خود سبب کاهش صرف زمان و عدم به کارگیری بیهوده نیروی کارمتخصص شده است. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - New method of machine selection for product layout: the case of Iranpichkar factory
Kimia Ahmadzadeh Fatemeh Karami Kamran Shhanqy -
Open Access Article
74 - Investigation of the effect of physiographic factors on the quantitative and qualitative condition of Zagros forests in Sarpol-e Zahab region of Kermanshah
Azadeh Sohrabi Zadeh rezahossein hheidary Maziar HeidriThe aim of this research Check the effect of physiographic (Altitude and direction) on The quantitative and qualitative characteristics, Determine the amount of dieback and determine the age structure is part of the central Zagros forests. For this research the fo MoreThe aim of this research Check the effect of physiographic (Altitude and direction) on The quantitative and qualitative characteristics, Determine the amount of dieback and determine the age structure is part of the central Zagros forests. For this research the forest between city of Sarpol Zohab and Krnd Ghrb was selected, The area of sea level height into three height classes 700 to 1000 m, 1000 m to 1300 m and 1300 to 1500 m, and two main geographical aspects North and South was divided. 96 circular plots of 10 AR in regular-random sampling method with dimensions of 100 x 100 m was picked . The results showed that the highest average value characteristics basal area and cover percent in elevation in the classes of 1300 to 1500 meters above sea level and northern slopes were observed and analysis of variance and t-test results showed between the little tree factors of altitude and aspect there is a significant difference. The population has Young uneven structure and trees located on the northern slopes and Classifieds height of 700 to 1000 m in larger diameter classes more distributed. trees with serious dehydration, In the southern slopes and a height classified of 700 to 1000 meters above sea level was observed. trees with severe pollution to semi-parasitic mistletoe plant on the northern slopes and a height Classifieds of 700 to 1000 meters above sea level was observed. On results of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of trees, for sustainable management of forests for research and reducing operations it is suggested, the southern slopes height classifieds of 700 to 1,000 meters and taken into consideration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Hazard Assessment Of Groundwater Resourses Degradation Using a Proposed Model And Geographical Information System (GIS) In Jahrom Township
Parviz Jokar Masoud MasoudiGroundwater is an important source of water supply in arid and semi-arid areas. In order to optimal management of water resources, maintain and improve the quality and quantity of the location, amount and distribution of water data in a defined geographical area is requ MoreGroundwater is an important source of water supply in arid and semi-arid areas. In order to optimal management of water resources, maintain and improve the quality and quantity of the location, amount and distribution of water data in a defined geographical area is required and necessary. The subject of this paper is assessing both qualitative and quantitative risk using the modified IMDPA model and geographical information system (GIS) in Jahrom Township. The purpose of this study is prepared a suitable zonation and vulnerability map of qualitative and quantitative status of groundwater in order to determine the areas with higher risk. The used parameters for qualitative and quantitative risk are included EC, CL, SAR and water table decline, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the Lowering of Water Table (quantitative status) in 40% of the plains is at severe and very severe hazard classes. The quality status of about 56% of the plains is at severe and very severe hazard classes. Overall, about 31% of the plains are in a state of severe and very severe hazard classes of ground water resources degradation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - A new and quantitative approach to weighting and ecological capability evaluation and comparison with the current method of multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) (A Case Study: Settlement Development Use, Jahrom Township)
Parviz Jokar Masoud MasoudiLand use planning is a science that specified the optimized use of land based on Ecological and socioeconomic characteristics it. In many parts of the Iran, the selection and management of land use is done regardless of land capability that it causes disinvestment and r MoreLand use planning is a science that specified the optimized use of land based on Ecological and socioeconomic characteristics it. In many parts of the Iran, the selection and management of land use is done regardless of land capability that it causes disinvestment and reducing the environmental capacity. This study are investigated ecological capability evaluation for development use by GIS in Jahrom township of Fars province. There are different methods to weighting of various parameters. For this purpose in this research, a quantitative method is proposed to weigh criteria and their evaluation that compared with the current method of multi-criteria evaluation (MCE). In relation to common method of multi-criteria evaluation, it was used weighting approach based on improved Analytic Hierarchy Process (M-AHP). The next step was to evaluate the performance of each of the mentioned models throughout error matrix. Results showed that the proposed method of Regional Weighting (RW) in MCE models has higher capability than MCE (M-AHP) to estimate the ecological potential of study area. Overall, Results showed that the proposed method of Regional Weighting (RW) can be replaced to common methods of Weighting due to Simplicity, No need to questionnaire, save time and cost. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Ethnobotany of medicinal plants among the northern counties local communities of Fars province
Roja Safaeian Elahe Niknam simakaniMedicinal plants constitute a high percentage of plant species in Iran. There are still unknown types of drugs that still use from the past years until now to. Due to the increasing demand for herbal medicines and the human desire to use them instead of chemicals need f MoreMedicinal plants constitute a high percentage of plant species in Iran. There are still unknown types of drugs that still use from the past years until now to. Due to the increasing demand for herbal medicines and the human desire to use them instead of chemicals need for research it seems necessary. The following study is considered in Abade, Khorambid, Bavanat and Pasargad. The questionaries were included plant local name, place of collection, parts used, season of harvest, medicinal uses, contraindications, how to prepare and method of use. Information on the use of plants was obtained by interviewing with 40 traditional herbalists. The data collected was analyzed by using quantitative indices in terms of the value of the use of the species (UV), informant consensus factor (ICF), and fidelity level (FL). The results showed that reported plants in the traditional shops belonging to 32 botanical families and 83 species. Lamiaceae was the most common family (20.7%), followed by the Asteraceae family (11%), then, Apiaceae (9.8%). In the present study, the results obtained from local communities showed that the use of medicinal plants is to relieve and cure digestive diseases. In this regard, the aerial parts of plants are more useful when consumed as herbal tea. Paying attention to these results shows the role of important of ethnobotanical studies in today's human life. Furthermore, this issue shows human need to the nature, pastures and its products in order to heal and relieve the spiritual and physical science. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Comparison Investigation of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of maple trees in reserved and unreserved areas (case study: Bagh–e shadi protected area, Yazd)
Fariborz Irandoost mohammadhasan emtehani bahman kiani hedayatollah mirshamsiAbstract And comparison quantitative and qualitative characteristics of maple trees In two parts of reserved and unreserved (Each with an area of 120 hectares), Protected area of Bagh-e shadi in Yazd Province, first a 200*200 meters gride include 30 sampl MoreAbstract And comparison quantitative and qualitative characteristics of maple trees In two parts of reserved and unreserved (Each with an area of 120 hectares), Protected area of Bagh-e shadi in Yazd Province, first a 200*200 meters gride include 30 sampling plot was used in each reserved and unreserved areas. A total of 60 samples were systematic random selected with a fixed area of 12 R. In each plot the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of maple trees (Such as: Number of trees, height of trees, Collar diameter, Its shape, large and small diameters of the crown, Regeneration, pest, dieback, bounce were measured and recorded. Both of these areas have a gradient of over 12%, and the general direction is to the east Based on the results of data analysis and applying normalization tests, Kolmogorov Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U and Independent T, Average of the DRC in two parts of reserved and unreserved was:17.64 and 23.3 cm, and The number of seedlings per hectare was: 2.7777 and 0.4321, respectively. Percentage of canopy per hectare of maple was: 5.18% and 3.18%, and Average density of maple was:69.1667 and 46.4516 Number per hectare, respectively. Average density of mass was:180.27 and 106.66 Number per hectare, respectively. Percentage of maple as compared to the total mass was:38.36% and 43.55%, respectively. Average number of bounce was: 44.4 and 31, respectively. Overall, in terms of quantitative characteristics There was a better Condition in the reserved area. About qualitative characteristics, Average number of trees with dieback in two parts of reserved and unreserved was:46.33 and 35.08 Number per hectare, respectively. The average number of pest’s maple was: 43 and 7.7 Number per hectare, respectively. From the qualitative point of view, trees of unreserved area were less pest and dieback. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Ecomorphological and physiological study of the medicinal plant Ferula assafoetida L. in southwestern Iran habitat
sima abyar barat ali fakheri nafiseh mahdi nezhadFerula assafoetida is considered as a medicinal plant that is used for the treatment of different diseases because of its different chemical compounds. The plant has been commonly used in various regions of Iran since the old times. The purpose of the present study was MoreFerula assafoetida is considered as a medicinal plant that is used for the treatment of different diseases because of its different chemical compounds. The plant has been commonly used in various regions of Iran since the old times. The purpose of the present study was introducing this plant and identifying its ecological properties such as geographical location, soil pH, and potassium, sodium, phosphorus, and nitrogen contents as well as the texture of its habitat and the distribution of the variability of the plant in terms of morphological and physiological properties in three distant populations in Fars, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad, and Khuzestan. To this and, Ferula assafoetida plant and soil samples were collected from the natural habitats of the three provinces and the morphological features including the height of the plants, the length and width of the leaves, the diameter of the stems, the dried and fresh weights of the plants, and the physiological features including chlorophyll, carbohydrate, protein, phosphorus, potassium, and sodium contents of shoots were studied. Results showed that Khuzestan habitat was reicher than the other two habitats in terms of clay, nitrogen, and phosphorus contents of soil was more than the other two sites. Also, results of morphological study of the plants in this habitat showed higher average fresh weight, plant height, weight, length and width of leaf and stem diameter. Moreover, with an increase in the height from the sea level, the length, width, height and dried and wet weight of the plants decreased while the stem diameter increased. Furthermore, with an increase in the height from the sea level traits such as phosphorus and sodium contents decreased while potassium, carbohydrates, chlorophyll, and protein contents of leaves followed an increasing trend. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Evaluation of some primary and secondary metabolites of medicinal plant Proveskia abrotanoides Karel. in different phenological stages
Somaye Sabbagh Maryam Niakan Ibrahim Gholamali pour AlamdariTo evaluate the quality and quantity of primary and secondary metabolites at different phenological stages of Brazmbl medicinal plants, plant organs at both vegetative and flowering stages of Vamanan region in Āzādshahr were collected and dried. Whole plant extracts fro MoreTo evaluate the quality and quantity of primary and secondary metabolites at different phenological stages of Brazmbl medicinal plants, plant organs at both vegetative and flowering stages of Vamanan region in Āzādshahr were collected and dried. Whole plant extracts from Proveskia abrotanoides were used in this study at both vegetative and flowering stages to identify and evaluate the quality of tannins, saponins, anthocyanins and terpenoids compounds, flavones, and flavonoids. Also some primary metabolites such as soluble and insoluble carbohydrates, proline and total phenol in roots, stems, leaves, and flowers of plant were evaluated quantitatively. Qualitative analysis showed that saponins, anthocyanin, and tannin compounds were present at both vegetative and flowering stages of Proveskia abrotanoides. Also, quantitative analysis showed the maximum amount of starch in the root and the highest concentration of soluble carbohydrates, proline, and phenolic compounds in the leaves at vegetative stage. Overall, the results showed that at the vegetative stage regardless of starch, leaves had the highest soluble carbohydrates, proline, and phenolic compounds while at the reproductive stage root contained the highest level of these compounds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - An Evaluation of Urban Land Use in Zarghan Using an Environmental Quality Approach
Soleyman Mohammadi Dust Mohammad Ali KhanizadehUrban land use planning is the core of the urban planning system. The purpose of land use planning is proposing an appropriate configuration and placing for urban land using and activities, especially in towns with a combined land using by lots of variety. Achieving thi MoreUrban land use planning is the core of the urban planning system. The purpose of land use planning is proposing an appropriate configuration and placing for urban land using and activities, especially in towns with a combined land using by lots of variety. Achieving this goal requires an understanding of space allocation and land distribution among users that is possible by using qualitative and quantitative methods. In this paper, we evaluate the land using in Zarghan downtown.For this purpose, we used quantitative and qualitative assessment. In quantitative assessment we discussed about the capital account and compared them with existing standards. In qualitative evaluation, by using environmental quality indicators we established the questionairs and spread them among residents. Data collection methods contains the field, library, interviews with officials and residents and develop a questionnaire. Results of Zarghan show that expanding urban population has increased in recent decades and it is causing an imbalance in the distribution of land uses. This growth is negligible and although currently not lead to deterioration of the situation but has taken an upward trend. Capitation of lots of land useage is match with existing standards and satisfaction has earned favorable to the residents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Analysis of the Pattern of Urban Expansion in Mid-Range Cities Using Quantitative Models(Case Study: Malayer City)
Mitra Ansari majid ValiShareeatPanahi Abbas MalekHoseini mahdi modiriWith the advent of the Industrial Revolution, the process of urbanization has increased in recent decades and has made urbanization a priority. Evidence suggests that in recent decades, cities have grown exponentially and urban areas have multiplied their initial reache MoreWith the advent of the Industrial Revolution, the process of urbanization has increased in recent decades and has made urbanization a priority. Evidence suggests that in recent decades, cities have grown exponentially and urban areas have multiplied their initial reaches. Uncontrolled and uncontrolled expansion of cities has greatly damaged urban integrity Space and also the proper distribution of services. As a result, planners and policymakers around the world are working to identify and manage the city's urban development pattern by developing its sustainable urban development. During the four decades, the city of Malayer has been no exception to this massive urbanization incident. This research is a descriptive-analytical survey using Shannon and Hellendron entropy and density models, as well as using existing maps and aerial photographs and satellite imagery, to analyze how physical development of the city and the determination of the area And urban neighborhoods with the aim of organizing the physical model of development and development of the city of Malayer. Based on the results of the research findings, due to the expansion of the deep gap between the value of entropy due to the horizontal and spherical growth of the city during various decades, which is itself influenced by urban growth, the pattern of development of intrathecal focus is increased by increasing the density of the building and the pattern of expansion The continuous mining has been proposed as a future development model due to the physical constraints due to natural factors and the existence of agricultural land Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Feasibility of Urban Fluid Plans In Planning Metropolises (A Case Study of Tabriz Metropolitan Area)
fatemeh safari karim hosseinzade dalir Mohammad Reza Pour MohammadiNowadays, the methodology of urban plans preparation in developed countries is often based on urban fluid plans. In Tabriz metropolis like other cities of Iran, the static plan (general), no longer can satisfy the urban demands and the developmental plan of this m MoreNowadays, the methodology of urban plans preparation in developed countries is often based on urban fluid plans. In Tabriz metropolis like other cities of Iran, the static plan (general), no longer can satisfy the urban demands and the developmental plan of this metropolis has to step towards dynamics and flexibility The present research aims to evaluate the feasibility of urban fluid plan in Tabriz planning. In this course, the main assumption of the research is based on the urban fluid approach in preparation of Tabriz development plan in terms of the feasibility of urbanism rules, management system (concentrated) and financial factors. At first, the SWOT method has been utilized to review the current situation of development in Tabriz and in order to assure the accuracy of the obtained situation, the SWOT method from SPACE model has been used. Finally, in order to prioritize the strategies of such two models, the QSPM model was used. It was found that the urban fluid plan is the most suitable plan for Tabriz. Finally, through BSC model (Balanced Score Cart), the feasibility of fluid plan in Tabriz metropolis was evaluated which its results show that in the current situations of Tabriz, there are no fields of general provision to utilize the fluid approach, and based on average of four balanced score cart, only there is 39.86 percent provision for the utilization of the given approach. The major obstacle in the development of Tabriz with fluid approach was the inner procedure of the organization, and financial dimension with 40 percent efficiency as the second obstacle and innovation and learning dimension with 44.44 percent is the third obstacle of fluid approach and only, citizenship dimension with 75 percent has the optimum situation in utilization of urban fluid approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Qualitative and quantitative assessment of urban land use with an emphasis on sustainability of residential areas, Case Study; Dehgolan City (kurdestan Province)
Issa Ebrahimzadeh Jamil Ghadermazi Land use planning is at outmost importance in urban planning. Monitoring and spatial organizing of local and functions of cities is an important factor in resistant development. The resistance of residential functions for urban development is important as well. Th More Land use planning is at outmost importance in urban planning. Monitoring and spatial organizing of local and functions of cities is an important factor in resistant development. The resistance of residential functions for urban development is important as well. Therefore, this study tends to survey the quantities and qualitativenature of land use of Dehgolan city development process. This study aimed to assess the quality and quantity of urban land use with an emphasis on sustainability and strengthening residential users in Dehgolan. Methods of investigation include analytical - applied method which incompasses the use of qualitative and quantitative assessment of Dehgolan city land use; process across which quantitative assessment criteria for residential users were deployed by making use of rigid planing and authors' field observations to provide triangulating suport. In this study, in order to evaluate the quality and consistency of residential users of the software with other users’ and in order to probe qualitative land use consistency for residential purposes an evaluation of ARC GIS and Distance model were applied. The results showed the lack of age of personal share for most users; primarily residential users that was observed to be about 15.11 square meters. Residential neighborhoods possess the so much differnce for the uses adjacency. Therefore, in most residential sites due to the inconsistency in use or lack of residential users dedicated to it Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Metadiscourse Markers in Quantitative and Qualitative Applied Linguistics Research Articles' Discussions: A Comparative Study
Marzieh Bagherkazemi Milad Moradpour Moghadam Vajargahi S. Sadat Javadi -
Open Access Article
86 - طراحی و روایی سنجی پرسشنامه سواد تحقیق کمی
Alireza Zaker Mania Nosratiniaهمزمان با پیدایش دغدغه ها و روش های جدید و متعدد در انجام تحقیق در حوزه آموزش زبان انگلیسی، انجام تحقیق در این حوزه تبدیل به فرآیندی پیچیده و چند بعدی شده است، و به نظر می رسد که محققان در حوزه آموزش زبان انگلیسی نیازمند به برخورداری از مهارتهای پیشرفته تحقیق به منظور پ Moreهمزمان با پیدایش دغدغه ها و روش های جدید و متعدد در انجام تحقیق در حوزه آموزش زبان انگلیسی، انجام تحقیق در این حوزه تبدیل به فرآیندی پیچیده و چند بعدی شده است، و به نظر می رسد که محققان در حوزه آموزش زبان انگلیسی نیازمند به برخورداری از مهارتهای پیشرفته تحقیق به منظور پرداختن به موضوعات مرتبط به آموزش می باشند. با تمرکز بروی تحقیق کمی، این تحقیق تالشی بود در جهت طراحی و روایی سنجی یک ابزار برای سنجش سواد تحقیق کمی در محیط های تربیت معلم آموزش زبان انگلیسی. بدین منظور، یک مدل 4 عاملی سواد تحقیق کمی بر پایه نظرات دریافتی از خبرگان دانشگاهی در حوزه تحقیق در آموزش زبان انگلیسی و مطالعه عمیق تحقیقات در زمینه آموزش زبان انگلیسی طراحی گردید که شامل دانش طراحی عنوان تحقیق، دانش طرح ریزی تحقیق، دانش رویه تحقیق، و دانش تحلیل داده ها می گردید. آزمایش مدل اولیه بواسطه انجام تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تاییدی بروی داده های گردآوری شده از 1180 مدرس زبان انگلیسی با 3 سطح مختلف تحصیالت دانشگاهی آشکار نمود که یک مدل 4 عاملی سواد تحقیق کمی با 9 عامل فرعی و 50 سوال به خوبی سواد تحقیق کمی را توضیح می دهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - The Impact of Implementing Critical Appraisal on EFL Teachers’ Data Analysis Knowledge
Alireza Zaker Mania Nosratinia Parviz Birjandi Massood Yazdani Moghaddam -
Open Access Article
88 - A look at the relationship between proportions in the system of creation and architectural proportions in Islamic monuments of Iran
Majid Taheri Demneh Aboozar Majlesi Koopayi Shirin ToghyaniProportion is the relationship between dimensions, and in the visual arts it implies a proper relationship between components with each other and with the totality formed by the components. In addition to the relationship between dimensions, there are qualitative or, in MoreProportion is the relationship between dimensions, and in the visual arts it implies a proper relationship between components with each other and with the totality formed by the components. In addition to the relationship between dimensions, there are qualitative or, in other words, appropriate proportions in place of the system of creation and in human constructions. Justice at the level of the system of existence means a kind of balance and proportion in the system of existence and the placement of everything in its place, which is the same qualitative proportion, which is also called developmental justice. In this regard, by studying the concepts and examples of quantitative and qualitative proportions as well as theories related to Islamic art in a descriptive-analytical method and with logical reasoning, it was concluded that quantitative and qualitative proportions as a manifestation of God's goodness in creatures. It is found and then perceived by the artist and its reflection is manifested in human works, including architecture. The divine goodness that is manifested in the creatures manifested in art in the form of geometry, proportions, harmony, rhythm, balance, etc., is expressed by the artist. In architecture, geometry and proportions represent the divine justice and destiny and the manifestation of his goodness, which the artist has reflected. Justice in architecture and urban planning is interpreted as comprehensive and all-encompassing balance and proportion, that is, quantitative proportions and qualitative relations, and observance of proportion means beauty in its true sense. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Development of New Technique for Reverse Engineering by Microstructure Features Detection
Ahmed Hebatalrahman -
Open Access Article
90 - QFT Controller Design for Uncertain Multivariable Linear Systems With Constraint on Bandwidth, With the Aid of an Internal Feedback
Bahram Karimi Farid Sheykholeslam Iman SabooriBased on the explained and proved theorems, this paper presents a new robust QFT controller design for uncertain multivariable linear systems with hard time-domain constraints on their output signals, as well as constraints on their bandwidth. In this method, the multiv MoreBased on the explained and proved theorems, this paper presents a new robust QFT controller design for uncertain multivariable linear systems with hard time-domain constraints on their output signals, as well as constraints on their bandwidth. In this method, the multivariable process is converted to a new process using an internal feedback and diagonal controller. With the aid of basically non-interacting(BNI) method in QFT, the resulting process is devided into several SISO systems and proper controllers is then designed by QFT. Controller transfer function matrix is diagonal, therefore, desired bandwidth can be acquired. Finally a comparison of the proposed method and the conventional QFT method, as well as its application, is shown in an example. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - اثر تراکم نشانگری، تعداد QTL و وراثتپذیری صفت بر صحت انتخاب ژنومی
ف. علاء نوشهر س.ع. رأفت ر. ایمانی-نبئی ص. علیجانی ک. روبرت گرنیهپیشرفت انتخاب ژنومی به طور گسترده­ای وابسته به وجود عدم تعادل پیوستگی بین نشانگرها و QTLها، تعداد QTL و وراثت­پذیری صفت است. وجود عدم تعادل پیوستگی به ساختار ژنتیکی جمعیت و تراکم نشانگری بستگی دارد. این مطالعه جهت تخمین اثر تراکم نشانگر، وراثت­پذیری صفت و تع Moreپیشرفت انتخاب ژنومی به طور گسترده­ای وابسته به وجود عدم تعادل پیوستگی بین نشانگرها و QTLها، تعداد QTL و وراثت­پذیری صفت است. وجود عدم تعادل پیوستگی به ساختار ژنتیکی جمعیت و تراکم نشانگری بستگی دارد. این مطالعه جهت تخمین اثر تراکم نشانگر، وراثت­پذیری صفت و تعداد QTL روی صحت ارزش­های اصلاحی ژنومی توسط دو روش آماری GBLUP و بیزA صورت پذیرفت. بنابراین سه صفت (تولید شیر، وزن لاشه و وزن بلوغ) به ترتیب با وراثت­پذیری 1/0، 3/0 و 5/0 با ژنومی شامل 3 کروموزوم، هر کدام به طول 100 سانتی­مورگان در گوسفند شبیه­سازی شد. سه سطح مختلف تراکم نشانگری (1000، 2000 و 3000) با سه سطح متفاوت تعداد QTL شامل 100، 200 و 300 در نظر گرفته شد. داده­ها با دو توزیع متفات اثر QTL شامل توزیع یکنواخت و گاما (66/1=α و 4/0=β) شبیهسازی شدند. تراکم نشانگری، تعداد QTL، توزیع اثرات QTL و سطوح مختلف وراثت­پذیری صفت به طور معنی­داری صحت ارزش اصلاحی ژنومی را تحت تأثیر قرار دادند (05/0>P). بیشترین میزان صحت ارزش اصلاحی ژنومی توسط روش بیزA در صفاتی با تعداد QTL پایین و توزیع گاما اثر QTL حاصل شد. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از این شبیه­سازی، وراثت­پذیری صفت همانند تراکم نشانگری می­تواند سبب افزایش عدم تعادل پیوستگی بین نشانگرها و QTLها شود که این امر در اجرای موفق انتخاب ژنومی ضروری می­باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Enhancement of valerenic acid production in Valeriana officinalis roots by methyl jasmonate -mediated transcriptional changes of sesquiterpene synthase genes
Hengameh Taheri Mansour Ghesmati -
Open Access Article
93 - Enhancement of valerenic acid production in Valeriana officinalis roots by methyl jasmonate-mediated transcriptional changes of sesquiterpene synthase genes
Hengameh Taheri Mansour Ghesmati -
Open Access Article
94 - study the status of indication of social housing in the rural of Rasht town
M.R. Porghafar Maghferati E. pourramzanHousing indicators are fundamental factor in rural planning. Evaluating social indicators of housing is one of the ways of understanding the characteristics of housing which facilitate any planning and decision-making in housing issues. The aim of this study is qualitat MoreHousing indicators are fundamental factor in rural planning. Evaluating social indicators of housing is one of the ways of understanding the characteristics of housing which facilitate any planning and decision-making in housing issues. The aim of this study is qualitative and quantitative assessment of social housing indicators in rural areas of Rasht county. The methodology used in this study is a combination of descriptive and analytical method and in terms of target is a practical research. Required information was obtained through documentary sources of six censuses conducted during the years of 1967 to 2012. The results revealed that social quantitative indicators of housing including : household density per dwelling, density of persons per room, density of persons per dwelling, distribution of housing units by number of rooms and households, is more appropriate and favorable than in the past. Moreover, qualitative social indicators of housing, namely, floor area of dwelling, durability of construction materials, ownership, way of possessing, infrastructure, facilities, show a growing trend and relative improvement although there are still some problems and shortcomings. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - On The Regional Analysis of the Spatial Regulation of Cities in the Zagros Region with an Approach of Objective and Subjective Regions
N. Zali A. Karimiazar R. AzadehLooking at the regional plans in Iran shows that the results of these plans have not been profitable in order to balance the urban system and creating a hierarchy of settlement. In the previous studies, the regions were defined based on the political and administrative MoreLooking at the regional plans in Iran shows that the results of these plans have not been profitable in order to balance the urban system and creating a hierarchy of settlement. In the previous studies, the regions were defined based on the political and administrative boundaries. As a result, the quantitative models used have non help to improve the urban systems problems. Thus, the main objective of this study is to explain the true concept of region from two points of view (Objective and Subjective views) and true utility of quantitative models in regional planning. In this regard, the Zagros region (including five provinces: Kermanshah, Kurdistan, Hamadan, Lorestan and Elam) and also Kermanshah province were selected as a subjective and objective regions, respectively. The research method of this paper was comparative study and the results of using quantitative models (the Quantitative Indexes of Determining the Primate City and also, the Herfindahl concentration index, Gini Coefficient, and Coefficient of Variation) in the two mentioned regions were compared. The results showed that the urban system in the Zagros region has relative balance compared to Kermanshah province. By analyzing the findings, the approach to this paper is that the concept of the region should be considered in terms of cultural, economic, social, and geographic points of view in order to balance the system of urban settlements and decentralize population, services and facilities. So, we do not summarize this concept on the political and administrative boundaries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - A Review Study on Creative City with an Emphasis on Urban Creativity Assessment (Case Study: Qazvin's Triple
Khezer Shamsi Zainab Karkehabadi Saeid KamyabiRichard Florida- a theorist in the field of creative city- believes, the cities are modern containers of creativity and have always been driving wheels for motivating, concentrating and directing human creative energy. Hence, this study aimed to measure the "Creativity MoreRichard Florida- a theorist in the field of creative city- believes, the cities are modern containers of creativity and have always been driving wheels for motivating, concentrating and directing human creative energy. Hence, this study aimed to measure the "Creativity Level of Qazvin City" in Iran by using a descriptive-analytical method. To this end, secondary data and questionnaires were used to collect information from the citizens. Then, the TOPSIS and AHP models and SPSS software were employed to analyze the creative city indices for Qazvin's triple region through adopting three hypotheses. Finally, of thee hypotheses, two hypotheses were confirmed and one hypothesis was rejected. Therefore, it can be said that Qazvin city has the required potential to move towards the creative city, although this trend has been slipping since 2013, but with regard to the creativity capacity of Qazvin, it is suggested that, field strengthening should be taken action which has a greater global luck. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - Using Hybrid Approach in Order to Distribution Service Investigation at the Urban Old Textures (Case Study: Twelve Neighborhoods in Old Texture of Minab)
Ahmad Pourahmad Mohammad Ebrahimi Mahmoud ArvinAttention Renovation and upgrading old urban tissue to improve the urban productivity, Reducing the damage caused by the occurrence of earthquakes, Achieving social justice, Poverty elimination inhabitants and is matter essential the potential of the city One of the ste MoreAttention Renovation and upgrading old urban tissue to improve the urban productivity, Reducing the damage caused by the occurrence of earthquakes, Achieving social justice, Poverty elimination inhabitants and is matter essential the potential of the city One of the steps before attempting to renovate and upgrade old texture Identify and priority textures In terms of access to urban services and applications. In this study to order investigation Distribution Service the old urban texture old twelve neighborhoods old texture of Minab. The research method is descriptive – analytical and based on documents and library resources. For ranking neighborhoods was used Location Quotient method (LQ), and entropy and TOPSIS. The results indicate that the ratio between neighborhoods it is expressed that neighborhoods shahied abaspoor and lab rodkhaneh is better conditions than the other neighborhoods. And neighborhoods Sajjad, Sheikh Abad and BaghMalk the Location Quotient land uses Ha has been very unfavorable conditions and Location Quotient majority land uses in neighborhoods in level zero. uses. Then, using a combination of entropy-topsis neighborhoods texture old mibab were categorized In terms of fruition in the three categories fruition, Semi deprived, deprived. As a result, neighborhoods joie bariko,sajadie,gre salehi and jangjo in first priority and shahrak naft,lariha,lab rodkhaneh and shahied abaspoor in The second priority and Sajjad ,Sheikh Abad,baghmalek and paykoh in The third priority are development programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Housing in Borazjan City after the Revolution and Estimating the Need for Housing in 1405
Majid shams ali safarirad ahmad ghasemiHousing index is a useful tool for evaluating the criteria of housing policy. The indices can give us a visual picture of the housing situation and revealing shortcomings in achieving the goals of the housing plan. The study area is located in Borazjan, Bous MoreHousing index is a useful tool for evaluating the criteria of housing policy. The indices can give us a visual picture of the housing situation and revealing shortcomings in achieving the goals of the housing plan. The study area is located in Borazjan, Boushehr province. This paper used survey method (descriptive-analytical) and field studies to gather data. In this paper first housing conditions in the city under study is determined through reviewing the quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing in Borazjan city and comparing it with urban areas of Boushehr province and country, , then the projected population and number of housing units needed till 1405will be predicated. The results show that the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the state of housing in the city has been improved during the period 90-1365, comparing to urban areas of Boushehr province has quantitatively better conditions, But comparing to the urban areas of the country has been Located in the lower-order, but in terms of quality indicators is at a lower level than the urban areas of the province and the country. Then the population of Borazjan city has been estimated and determined that 10,964 new housing units are needed till 1405. If the demand for housing in this period is only 8105 units, it covers 73/9 the percentage of housing needs . At the end , regarding the existing power in the range of Borazjan city (dissociation of tissue and dilapidated housing), it is identified that by using the maximum use of them and adopting appropriate residential development68/7 percent of the city's future needs within the city will be provided. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - بررسی خصوصیات کمی و شناسایی عوامل بیماریزا در گل مریم تحت شرایط متغیر نیتروژن و پتاسیم در خوزستان
سید حسین محمودی نژاد دزفولی کیوان کریمیاین مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف نیتروژن و پتاسیم بر خصوصیات کمی گل مریم و شناسایی عوامل بیماری­زای مرتبط با آن در استان خوزستان انجام شد. این آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل و در قالب بلوک کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی صفی آباد Moreاین مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف نیتروژن و پتاسیم بر خصوصیات کمی گل مریم و شناسایی عوامل بیماری­زای مرتبط با آن در استان خوزستان انجام شد. این آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل و در قالب بلوک کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی صفی آباد دزفول اجرا گردید. فاکتورها شامل چهار سطح نیتروژن شامل N1= 0، N2= 100، N3= 200 و N4= 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن خالص از منبع اوره و سه سطح پتاسیم شامل K1= 0، K2= 150 و K3= 300 کیلوگرم در هکتارK2O ازمنبع سولفات پتاسیم و 100 کیلوگرم p < sub>2O5 در هکتار از منبع سوپر فسفات تریپل بود. در این تحقیق نیتروژن برگ، طول خوشه، طول برگ، قرائت SPAD، شاخص سطح برگ (LAI)، ضریب استهلاک نوری، درصد بیماری و تابش فعال فتوسنتزی جذب شده اندازه گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که کود نیتروژن بر طول برگ، قرائت کلروفیلمتر، ضریب استهلاک نوری، تشعشع فعال فتوسنتزی جذب شده و درصد بیماری در سطح 5 درصد همچنین بر درصد نیتروژن برگ، طول خوشه و شاخص سطح برگ در سطح 1 درصد تأثیر معنیدار داشته است. پتاسیم اثر معنی داری بر پارامترهای اندازه­گیری شده در این آزمایش نداشت. عوامل ایجاد کننده لکه های نکروزه در نوک و لبه­های برگ و گلبرگBotrytis sp. ، .Curvularia sp و .Fusarium sp بودند. در حالی که علت اصلی ایجاد لکه­های نکروزه روی گلبرگ­ها، تریپس است که احتمالاً از گونه­های F.intonsa یا F.schultzei است. به­طور کلی، کاربرد 100 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن و صفر کیلوگرم در هکتار K2O تیمار مناسب بدست آمده از نتایج پروژه است که می­توان به گلکاران (در کاشت پیاز درشت) توصیه نمود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Erosion Hazard Index Methodology (EHIM) for Streams Erodibility Assessment (Ardabil-Province)
Reza Talaei Farzaneh Azimi Seyed Ahmad Hosseini -
Open Access Article
101 - The Role of education and gender couples wanting a large family in Isfahan
مسعود دیاریان زهرا رضایی کاظم قجاوندThe aim of this study was to investigate qualitative and quantitative factors reluctance of couples in the number of children. The statistical population includes experts in qualitative and couples living in Isfahan. In the quantitative couple has two children and resid MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate qualitative and quantitative factors reluctance of couples in the number of children. The statistical population includes experts in qualitative and couples living in Isfahan. In the quantitative couple has two children and resides in the city that has a large family tend not to have been investigated. Number of unit volume and the quality 42 bit 200 people. Management information collected through interviews in qualitative and quantitative research questionnaire was used. Qualitative results to identify 13 factors were lack of tendency toward large family. The results showed that economic factors, social factors and lack of accountability, the absence of tendency toward large family have the most impact. In quantitative research results showed that couples Esfahani employment of women outside away from home, couples education, lack of awareness of the dangers of encouraging one-child disability, or encourage the greatest impact on the reluctance of couples to have large family. It also compares the views of respondents to questions about gender, about two factors there is a significant difference between education and lack of accountability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Quantitative risk management in gas injection project: a case study from Oman oil and gas industry
Mohammad Miftaur Rahman Khan Khadem Sujan Piya Ahm Shamsuzzoha -
Open Access Article
103 - Study of Quantitative and Qualitative Growth of Scientific Productions in the Field of Professional Health Care: Emphasizing the Field of Sports Science
Mousa Yamin Firouz hossein adabi firozjah Masoud Yamini FirouzObjective: At present, scientific research and production are considered as one of the main infrastructures of any country's development, and the number of articles published in prestigious journals of the world as well as received citations as well as the quality of ar MoreObjective: At present, scientific research and production are considered as one of the main infrastructures of any country's development, and the number of articles published in prestigious journals of the world as well as received citations as well as the quality of articles are among the main criteria for measuring scientific production. Methods: This study used quantitative and qualitative indicators of Scimagojr (SJR) database for analyze the scientific evidence of Iran in four areas: Sport Sciences, Health Information Management, Physiotherapy, Sports Therapy and Professional Health (Professional Health Care Professionals) from the beginning of 1996 to the end of 2016, and the products of these four areas are: They compare each other quantitatively (number of published articles) and qualitatively (Hirsch index). Results: The results of the research showed that during the period of 1996-2016, the most scientific productions in Iran were in the field of sports science (864 scientific degrees) and the lowest scientific output was related to the scientific field of professional health (99 scientific degrees). The country has ranked Iran in the thirty-first place in the world of science, third in the Middle East and sixth Asia. Hirsh in this area was also reported 39, which indicates the poor quality of published articles. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the country of Iran in the studied areas, especially the sports field, is not in a decent position in quantitative and qualitative terms of the articles produced and the average citation received by each article in the sports science is relatively less than the total citations of Iran and less half of the global rate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Quantitative Research Literacy Among Iranian EFL Teachers at Different Levels of Education: Revelations for Policy Makers and Program Developers
Alireza ZakerELT practitioners are expected to adopt the role of reflective practitioners, engaging in a thorough and analytical examination of their teaching practice. This is achieved through the undertaking of research, with systematic research being recognized as a crucial endea MoreELT practitioners are expected to adopt the role of reflective practitioners, engaging in a thorough and analytical examination of their teaching practice. This is achieved through the undertaking of research, with systematic research being recognized as a crucial endeavor in implementing reflectivity within the ELT field. Concurrently with the proliferation of several novel problems and methodologies in the realm of research within ELT contexts, the act of conducting research in ELT has evolved into a multifaceted endeavor. The data for this study were gathered from 717 EFL instructors, consisting of 581 females (81%) and 136 males (19%). The participants included individuals with B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. degrees, with an average age of 25. The Quantitative Research Literacy (QRL) questionnaire, developed by Zaker and Nosratinia (2021), was utilized as the primary instrument for data collection. The utilization of the non-parametric Welch's ANOVA test and the Games-Howell post-hoc technique revealed a statistically significant disparity in the mean score on the QRL measure across participants with Ph.D., M.A., and B.A. degrees. Specifically, Ph.D. level participants exhibited a notably higher average score compared to both M.A. level and B.A. level players. Additionally, upon conducting a Welch's ANOVA and subsequently applying the Games-Howell post-hoc procedure, it was observed that the participants exhibited the highest level of proficiency in developing research topic knowledge. Conversely, the participants displayed the lowest level of knowledge in the area of data analysis. This study finishes by engaging in a comprehensive discussion of the findings and providing some recommendations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - A Mixed-methods Approach to Investigating Iranian EFL Learners’ Attitudes towards Academic Motivation in Learning Vocabulary
Nassim Golaghaei Hengameh Arefinezhad -
Open Access Article
106 - The Impact of Implementing Critical Appraisal on EFL Teachers' Quantitative Research Literacy
Alireza Zaker Mania Nosratinia Parviz Birjandi Massood Yazdanimoghaddam -
Open Access Article
107 - Explaining the relationship between proportions in the creation system with The proportions of Iranian Islamic architecture and the reflection of mystical themes in it
Majid Taheri Damaneh Abuza Majlesi Kupaei Shirin ToghyaniThere is humanity. Justice at the level of the system of existence means a kind of balance and proportionality in the system of existence and putting everything in its place, which is the qualitative proportionality that is also called developmental justice. Appropriate MoreThere is humanity. Justice at the level of the system of existence means a kind of balance and proportionality in the system of existence and putting everything in its place, which is the qualitative proportionality that is also called developmental justice. Appropriate location, attention to the environment, use of appropriate materials, appropriateness of structure and architecture, avoiding futility and paying attention to man and all levels of his needs in architecture are among the principles of architecture, the need to pay attention to them is inevitable in the formation of rational or justice-oriented architecture. All the features that are associated with the word appropriateness or appropriateness are some examples of qualitative proportions in Iranian architecture, the proportion of the relationship between sizes, and in the visual arts, it indicates the appropriate relationship between the parts with each other and with the whole formed from the parts. Many examples of beautiful proportions and especially the golden ratio are found in nature (quantitative proportions). Also, in the architectural works of the past, especially the architectural works of Iran in the Islamic period, beautiful proportions have a deep and wide application. In addition to the relationship between sizes, qualitative proportions or in other words occasion are also considered in places of the creation system and in constructions and are considered as a manifestation of central justice. In this research, by examining the quantitative and qualitative proportions in the creation system and in Islamic architecture, the relationship between the two has been explained. In this regard, by studying the concepts and examples of quantitative and qualitative proportions as well as theories related to Islamic art in a descriptive-analytical method and with logical reasoning, the conclusion was reached that proportions in the quantitative and qualitative dimension are a manifestation of God's goodness in manifested creatures. It is found and then perceived by the artist and its reflection is manifested in human works including architecture. God's goodness that is manifested in the creations in art in the form of geometry, proportions, harmony, rhythm, balance, etc. is revealed by the artist. In architecture, geometry and proportions are the expression of God's justice and destiny and the manifestation of His goodness, which the artist has reflected. Justice in architecture and urban planning is interpreted as balance and all-round and inclusive proportions, that is, quantitative proportions and qualitative relationships, and compliance with proportion means beauty in its true sense. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Rangeland Ecohydrology, New Paradigm in Water Management of Arid and Semi-arid Lands
Nasrin kolahchi Mohsen Mohseni Saravi Ali Tavili Mohammad Jafari Ghasem Assadian -
Open Access Article
109 - Probabilistic Landslide Risk Analysis and Mapping (Case Study: Chehel-Chai Watershed, Golestan Province, Iran)
Ebrahim Karimi Sangchini Majid Ownegh Amir Sadaldin Armin Mashayekhan -
Open Access Article
110 - Mining quantitative association rules with stock trading data using multi-objective Meta heuristic algorithms based on genetic algorithm
mostafa zandiyeh Sima MardanluForecasting stock return is an important financial subject that has attracted researchers’ attention for many years. Investors have been trying to find a way to predict stock prices and to find the right stocks and right timing to buy or sell. Recently, data minin MoreForecasting stock return is an important financial subject that has attracted researchers’ attention for many years. Investors have been trying to find a way to predict stock prices and to find the right stocks and right timing to buy or sell. Recently, data mining techniques and artificial intelligence techniques have been applied to this area. Association discovery is one of the most common Data Mining techniques used to extract interesting knowledge from large datasets. In this paper, we propose a new multi-objective evolutionary model which maximizes the omprehensibility, interestingness and performance of the objectives in order to mine a set of quantitative association rules from financial datasets, including 10 common indicators of technical analysis. To accomplish this, the model extends the two well-known Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithms, Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II and Non-dominated Ranked Genetic Algorithm, to perform an evolutionary learning of the intervals of the attributes and a condition selection for each rule. Moreover, this proposal introduces an external population and a restarting process to the evolutionary model in order to store all the nondominated rules found and improve the diversity of the rule set obtained. The results obtained over real-world stock datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - Genetic Diversity of Different Agronomic Traits in Rice Genotypes (Oryza sativa L.)
Nasim Ranjkesh Morteza sam deliri pouria mazloum Amirabbas mousavi valiollah rameehRice is one of the most important strategic products that is considered to be the main food of the world. In this regard, an experiment was conducted with 30 native and modified rice genotypes in a randomized complete block design at research farm of Sari University of MoreRice is one of the most important strategic products that is considered to be the main food of the world. In this regard, an experiment was conducted with 30 native and modified rice genotypes in a randomized complete block design at research farm of Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources with four replications in 2016-2017. The studied traits were plant height, length of panicles, number of effective tillers, total number of grains, number of unfilled grains, number of filled grains, 1000-grain weight, biological yield, grain yield, harvest index, chlorophyll index and growth period. The results of analysis of variance showed that genotypes have a significant difference in terms of traits, which indicates the existence of genetic variation among genotypes. The results of mean comparisons showed that the highest mean total number of grains and number of filled grains in the cluster belonged to the genotype of the Keshvari. The results of principal components analysis showed that the first five principal components accounted for 78.050% of the total variation. The cluster analysis by Unweighted Pair Group Method Arithmetic (UPGMA) method and with the euclidean distance criterion for studied traits, genotypes studied were divided into five groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - Effect of water salinity and organic and chemical fertilizer on morphological and agronomic characteristics of borage (Borago officinalis)
P. Yadollahi M. R. AsgharipourIn this study, the effect of water salinity accompanied by organic and inorganic fertilizer was examined on the growth, quantitative characteristics and photosynthetic pigments in borage plants. The experimental was split plot based on complete block design with three r MoreIn this study, the effect of water salinity accompanied by organic and inorganic fertilizer was examined on the growth, quantitative characteristics and photosynthetic pigments in borage plants. The experimental was split plot based on complete block design with three replicates. Treatments were two irrigation sources: irrigation with fresh and saline water (EC: 4.18 dS m-1) as the main plots, and four fertilization systems: application of NPK at 80:40:30 kg ha-1, 40 t ha-1 of manure, NPK at 40:20:15 kg ha-1 plus 20 ton of manure ha-1 and no soil fertility as sub-plot. The experiment was conducted in 2012 at the Zabol University Research Farm, Zabol, Iran. The results showed that irrigation with saline water significantly reduced plant height, flowering stem height, inflorescence height, number of flowers per inflorescence, number of branches, content of chlorophyll and carotenoid. Application of fertilizer significantly increased all studied traits compared with the control. Combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer was more effective than sole application and increased inflorescence height, number of lateral branches, number of flowers per inflorescence, chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll and carotenoids by 19.4, 30.9, 31.5, 25.6, 24.8 and 25.3 percent over control, respectively. Interaction of water quality and fertilization was significant on plant height, inflorescence height, chlorophyll b, plant dry weight and flowering shoot weight and fertilization protect economic yield against saline water. It is concluded that fertilization, especially combination of organic and inorganic fertilizer, could be recommended for economical production of borage under saline condition in Zabol. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - Prediction of toxicity of aliphatic carboxylic acids using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system
Vali Zare-Shahabadi -
Open Access Article
114 - Effects of different radiation Gamma ray doses on sesame seed variation process, quantitative and qualitative characters in Firouz-abad, Fars
O. alizadeh M. zare A. Ganji For evaluation of gamma radiation at different intensities on the qualitative and quantitative traits in sesame, the experiment was conducted in a factorial with completely randomized block design using four replication i More For evaluation of gamma radiation at different intensities on the qualitative and quantitative traits in sesame, the experiment was conducted in a factorial with completely randomized block design using four replication in Firouzabad. Before planting, 15 grams of sesame seeds for each plot was exposured with gamma rays at 100, 200, 250, 300 and 350 Gary in the Karaj Nuclear Agency. Properties that were studied include: height. The number of lateral branches, number of capsules, during the flowering period, yield per plant, grain weight, percentage of protein and oil. According to properties were measured and comparisons,treatment of 200 Gary showed positive effects. Maximum of yield (1669 kg/ha), plant high (108cm), grain weight (3.27 gr) was related to 200gry treatment and Maximum of percentage of protein (56) and number of capsules (182 per plant) was related to 150 gry treatment..higher doses ,especially 350 Gary, had negative effect on characteristics of the study.Yield has negative correlation with during the flowering period but it has positive correlation with another treats and highest correlation was between yield and grain weight. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - Prediction of the GC-MS Retention Indices for a Diverse Set of Terpenes as Constituent Components of Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia (HBK) Mc Vaugh) Volatile Oil, Using Particle Swarm Optimization-Multiple Linear Regression (PSO-MLR)
Majid Mohammadhosseini -
Open Access Article
116 - Determination of the Relative Population of Salmonella in Poultry Gastrointestinal Tract Using PCR Method
علیرضا صیداویThis study was conducted in order to determining of relative population of Salmonella spp. in various parts of poultry gastrointestinal tract using semi- quantitative PCR technique. It was removed gut contents and extracted their DNA. It is used polymerase chain reactio MoreThis study was conducted in order to determining of relative population of Salmonella spp. in various parts of poultry gastrointestinal tract using semi- quantitative PCR technique. It was removed gut contents and extracted their DNA. It is used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and semi- quantitative PCR technique for investigation on relative population of these bacteria. It was obtained a specific band for detecting of mentioned bacterium using a set specific primer and also a specific band for detecting of all bacteria. Then, it was determined relative population of Salmonella spp. relative to total gut bacteria using semi- quantitative PCR technique. Result analysis was showed Salmonella spp. consists 0.12% and 0.11% of total duodenum and jejunum bacteria respectively. Also it was showed Salmonella spp. consists 0.16% and 0.39% of total ileum and cecum bacteria respectively. Meanwhile Salmonella spp. consists 0.38%, 0.18% and 0.06% of total intestine bacteria at 4, 14 and 30 day of ages. Furthermore it was showed at 4 day of ages Salmonella spp. consists 0.28%, 0.11%, 0.16% and 0.91% of total bacteria in duodenum, jejunum, ileum and cecum respectively. Thus it can state relative population of Salmonella spp. in lower parts i.e. ileum andcecum were higher than upper parts i.e. duodenumand jejunum. Obtained results showed Salmonella spp. populations were variable in various intestine parts and correlated with functions and physicochemical conditions of intestine parts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Content analysis of articles in the field of strategic management (Case Study: Journal of Strategic Management Studies)
bahman Hajipour Amirhossein tayebi abolhasani zahra azizian kalkhoranThis study aims at evaluating the form and content of the articles in the field of strategic management. The research method is qualitative and based on content analysis, and descriptive-analytical approach has been used to characterize and evaluate the articles in the MoreThis study aims at evaluating the form and content of the articles in the field of strategic management. The research method is qualitative and based on content analysis, and descriptive-analytical approach has been used to characterize and evaluate the articles in the target population. The analytical population of this research is 200 papers published in the last 6 years from the No. 1 (Spring 2012) until No. 24 (Winter 2016) in Journal of strategic management Studies. This Journal is one of the most valid and practical journals in this field. In addition it has been done to describe the objective and qualitative content of concepts Performed with10 parameters. The results show that the articles are classified in 5 themes and 29 subfields that of which the subject of levels and strategic options with 37% and two subfields i.e. strategy of human resources with 9% and market strategies with international trade approach with 7%, were the most discussions used in this articles. Also, participation of researchers interested in the field of strategic management was evaluated as well, so that 555 researchers have been participated in the writing the200 articles. In the meantime, Tehran University's participation was more than others. Also, investigating the article authors show that authors by academic rank of assistant professor accounted the largest number of authors. Research methods survey, also show that descriptive-functional articles, mixed research method and questionnaire tool were the well-attended techniques by researchers in this field, and the analysis level show that the issues proportional with strategic management, were mostly at the individuals and senior executives analysis level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Effect of different levels of vermicompost on quantitative characteristics stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)
Amirhossain Kachuei Hossein Ali Sheibani Farshad QushchiTo evaluate the effect of sowing date and different levels of vermicompost on quantitative characteristics of stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni), an experiment in the field of education - College of Agriculture, Varamin in Tehran province - the city of Varamin in MoreTo evaluate the effect of sowing date and different levels of vermicompost on quantitative characteristics of stevia plant (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni), an experiment in the field of education - College of Agriculture, Varamin in Tehran province - the city of Varamin in 2014 in a completely randomized design in three replications. The treatments were a major factor, planting date at four levels: 15 April, Persian date Farvardin 30, 15 May and 30th of May and sub-levels of vermicompost at four levels: control (no), use 5 tons of vermicompost per hectare, Application 10 tons, 15 tons of vermicompost per hectare and application of vermicompost per hectare. The results showed that planting date and vermicompost on stem length, leaf dry weight, shoot dry weight, internode length was statistically significant interaction between planting date and vermicompost was the longest shoot when cultured on 15 May with work won 15 ha vermicompost with 33.94 cm and minimum control on 15 April and 61.66 cm, leaf dry weight was reached when cultured on 15 May and 15 tonnes per hectare used vermicompost with 15.67 g and the lowest related to the control and on 15 April with g 6.52, the maximum length of internodes (with an average of 6.64 inches) in the treatment history of planting 15 May and 15 ha vermicompost was obtained, which Persian date Ordibehesht 15, 10 tons per hectare by planting date vermicompost had the smallest difference was not statistically related to planting date 15 Farvardin and control treatment (3.67 cm), the maximum shoot dry weight in the Persian date Ordibehesht 15 planting date , 15 ha vermicompost with 39.70 g and the lowest planting date 15 Farvardin and control (non-use of vermicompost) with 16.90 g, and use 15 tons of vermicompost on Persian date Ordibehesht 15 greatest impact on crop traits was measured. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Application of biochar and superabsorbent on the morphological characteristics of forage maize (Zea mays L.) in Varamin region.
mohammad Pakdel mohammadreza Momayezi Mohammad NasriIn order to investigate the application of biochar and superabsorbent on some morphological characteristics of the forage maize plant (Zea mays L) in Varamin region was performed in the field. The experiment was performed as split plots in a randomized complete block de MoreIn order to investigate the application of biochar and superabsorbent on some morphological characteristics of the forage maize plant (Zea mays L) in Varamin region was performed in the field. The experiment was performed as split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor is superabsorbent in 100% bile concentrations (S0, S1, respectively), the second factor is biochar coal consumption with a ratio of 0, 5 and 10 tons per hectare (B0, B1 and B2, respectively). The title of the treatment was considered. The water cycle included seven, 10, 13 days and 10 and 13 (D0, D1 and D2, respectively) as the main plot. The superabsorbent factor had a significant effect on the saturation loss percentage traits. Biochar factor had a significant effect on leaf fresh weight and leaf dry weight, total chlorophyll, relative water content, saturation loss percentage. The dual effects of irrigation and superabsorbent had a significant effect on leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, total fresh weight, total dry weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, saturation loss percentage. Factor of dual effects of irrigation and biochar significant effect on plant height, leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, total fresh weight, total dry weight, leaf area index, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, saturation loss percentage Had. The dual effects of superabsorbent and biochar had a significant effect on leaf fresh weight, leaf dry weight, total fresh weight, total dry weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, saturation loss percentage. Factor of triple effects of irrigation, superabsorbent and biochar A significant effect on plant height, fresh leaf weight, leaf dry weight, crack weight and total dry weight, leaf area index, chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, relative water content And had a saturation loss percentage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Study of Sowing date, Super phosphate triple and Zinc sulfate on Quantitative Yield of Annual Medics (Medicagoscutellata cv. Robinson) in Summer Cropping
mahmood Noosrati Momondi1 Khosro AziziIn order to evaluate of sowing date and fertilizers, super phosphate triple and zinc sulfate on quantitative yield of annual medics (Medicago scutellata cv. Robinson) in summer cropping, an experiment was conducted as split factorial arranged in completely randomized bl MoreIn order to evaluate of sowing date and fertilizers, super phosphate triple and zinc sulfate on quantitative yield of annual medics (Medicago scutellata cv. Robinson) in summer cropping, an experiment was conducted as split factorial arranged in completely randomized block design (CRBD) with four replications in crop season 2011-2012 research farm of agriculture faculty of Lorestan university in Khorramabad. The main factor was the sowing date in two level T1: (20th June) and T2: (16th July) and the sub factor was fertilizer super phosphate triple in three levels (P0=0, P1=150 وP2=250 kg.ha-1) and fertilizer zinc sulfate in three levels (Zn1=0, Zn0=50و Zn2=100 kg.ha-1). The results showed that, triple interaction effects of sowing date, super phosphate triple and zinc fertilizer on the biological yield and 1000 seed weight were significant in 0.01 probable levels. Also triple interaction had significant effect on seed yield and harvest index in 0.05 probable levels. The mean comparison of the triple interactions on the biological yield showed that the highest biological yield (3504.6 kg.ha-1) was obtained in (T2P1Zn1). Therefore it is recommendable treatment in the annual medic to production of dry forage. Also the mean comparison of effects showed that highest seed yield (807.9kg.ha) was obtained in (T2P2Zn1) and lowest seed yield obtained in (T2P1Zn0). Therefore treatment (t2p1zn1) recommendable for production of dry forage and production seed treatment (T2P2Zn1) recommendable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - Effects of cutting number and nitrogen rate on quality and forage yield of field Amaranth
هوشنگ Mehrfam مجید Agha Alikhani اسحاق KeshtkarIn order to study the effect of nitrogen rate and cutting numbers on forage quantitative and qualitative characters of field amaranth (Amaranthus hypocondriacus L.) a field experiment was conducted at Tarbiat Modares University, Iran, on 2019 growing season. Nitrogen fe MoreIn order to study the effect of nitrogen rate and cutting numbers on forage quantitative and qualitative characters of field amaranth (Amaranthus hypocondriacus L.) a field experiment was conducted at Tarbiat Modares University, Iran, on 2019 growing season. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied in five rates (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg.ha-1) and cutting has two strategies: single harvest (at the beginning of grain filling) and double-cutting (at the beginning of flowering and the beginning of the grain filling). Forage yield and qualitative traits (crude protein, acid detergent fiber, crude fiber and cell wall) were measured at both cutting strategy. The results showed that nitrogen rate had significant effect on quantitative traits and crude protein, and also the effect of cutting on all traits was significant except for LAI and cell wall. Cutting×nitrogen interaction was not significant for any traits, except for dry leaf/stem ratio. Mean comparison showed that 200 kg.ha-1 nitrogen treatment and single-cutting harvest had the highest dry forage yield of 27490 and 27120 kg.ha-1, respectively. Although the highest crude protein percentage was obtained in 400 kg.N.ha-1 treatment and were in same statistical group with 200 kg N.ha-1. Also two- cutting harvest with 15% crude protein was better than single-cutting harvest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - The effect of sowing date and harvesting time on quantitative traits and yield of silage maize under Varamin environmental conditions
majid abdoli Usually sowing date and harvest time of summer crops such as maize have a significantimpact on the quantitative and qualitative yield of the crop. Therefore, the aim of thisstudy was to investigate the effect of sowing date and harvest time on quantitative traitsa More Usually sowing date and harvest time of summer crops such as maize have a significantimpact on the quantitative and qualitative yield of the crop. Therefore, the aim of thisstudy was to investigate the effect of sowing date and harvest time on quantitative traitsand yield of silage maize (single cross 701; cv. Karun), this experiment was done as a splitplot based on completely randomized blocks design with three replications in Varamin atyear of 2015. Treatments included five sowing dates as main factor (9th of April, 21th ofMay, 18th of June, 30th of June and 15th of July) and two harvesting times as sub-factor(grain milky stage and grain dough stage). The results showed that the effect of sowingdate had significant effect at 1% level on the stem fresh weight, maize fresh weight, totalfresh weight, stem fresh weight to total fresh weight ratio, maize fresh weight to total freshweight ratio and fresh forage yield and significant effect at 5% level on the leaf freshweight to total fresh weight ratio. Based on the findings sowing date of 30th of June hasmore fresh weight of leaf, stem and ear and more fresh forage than other sowing dates.Harvesting time in milking stage has better quality and harvesting at dough stage hashigher quantity of product. Correlation between studied traits showed positive and higheffect of stem fresh weight with forage yield. In general, it can be stated that summersowing dates, especially 30th of June and harvest time at the dough stage are the mostfavorable times for silage corn cultivation in the Varamin region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - Effect of biofertilizer and drought stress on yield and yield components of coriander (Coriander sativum L.)
Yousef Narimani kazem TaleshiExperiment on poldokhtar city located in the eastern miyankuh region in chemeshk village in cropping year 2017-18 with split plot in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with drought stress in developmental stage 4 of coriander (control, stemming, flowering, and se MoreExperiment on poldokhtar city located in the eastern miyankuh region in chemeshk village in cropping year 2017-18 with split plot in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with drought stress in developmental stage 4 of coriander (control, stemming, flowering, and seed formation) as the main factor and bio-fertilizers as well as in the 4 levels (control, 50, 75 and 100 g/ha) as sub factor in making seed stained. In this experiment the interaction of drought stress and bio fertilizer phosphate barvar-2 are affected on other traits, vegetative and reproductive. with the progress of plant growth, less influenced by stress, fruit yield and seed (phonological stages). Also, with the change in the process of applying biofertilizer and drought stress, changed biological yield and harvest index, and indicated that the lack of water on stemming stage, the lowest impact on the transmission of the photosynthetic materials and in the final stages, reduced harvest index influenced by the stress. Thus, in this experiment was concluded that better use of the resources to grow and there reduce the negative effects must that be set to an appropriate biofertilizer, irrigation and consumption stage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on quantitative characteristics of intercropping Corn and grass pea
Mohammad Shahbagi Use to biofertilizer is one of the base of sustainable agriculture. This experiment factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2013 and 2014 Qazvin Province two years done. Treatments of cultivation :1- pure corn,2- intercropping of More Use to biofertilizer is one of the base of sustainable agriculture. This experiment factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2013 and 2014 Qazvin Province two years done. Treatments of cultivation :1- pure corn,2- intercropping of maize and increasing of 25% grass pea ,3-intercropping of maize and an increasing of 50% grass pea, 4-pure grass pea, Treatments of fertilizer: 1-chemical,2- cow manure (base) chicken fertilizer top dress,3- cow manure (base) and chemical top dress,4-cow manure (base) and chemical top dress and chemical spraying, in recent three treatment Along with corn and grass pea seed inoculation with Azotobacter and mycorrhiza were location of cultivation. The results indicated that the interaction of fertilizer and cultivation levels, maximum corn grain yield with an average 9790/27 kg/ ha of 50% spraying livestock chemical corn grasspea and the highest corn forage yield with an average of 84230/16 kg /ha of treated corn ,Grass pea 50% of animal chemical, the highest grain yield of 1400 kg /ha and forage 46020 kg /ha of pure grass pea chemical manure, respectively.The result of this research showed that in order to decrease of use to chemical fertilizer and increase the health , The combination of manure and chemical fertilizers and intercropping is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Affect Background of Ontology, Epistemology and Methodology in the Study of Political Culture: Compare the Two Approaches of Anthropology and the Study of Modernization
Afshin Ashkevar Kiyaie There are various forms of social research with different approaches that distinguish them using the four aspects of ontology, epistemology, methodology and method. In examining the political culture, this article have tried anthropology (with quality process) a More There are various forms of social research with different approaches that distinguish them using the four aspects of ontology, epistemology, methodology and method. In examining the political culture, this article have tried anthropology (with quality process) and modernization studies (with quantity process) approaches are presented and compared with those four aspects to be aware of the depth difference between the two approaches in study of political culture. The main questions of article are how affecting four aspects: ontological, epistemological, methodological and methods in a research? How affecting those four aspects in examining of political culture? The main hypothesis is that any researcher attitude towards the nature of social phenomena (ontology) affecting the kind of knowledge (epistemology) researcher and then the two aspects affect the kinds of methodologies and finally, in relation to the three aspects, the researcher selects the type of collected data (method). The purpose of this article introduces the two types accommodating and puting on a special channel in these four aspects in the study of political culture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - The effect of mycorrhizal fungi, water stress and year on flower yield and some characteristics of medicinal plant of Borage (Borago officinalis L.) in Yasouj region
Ali RahimiIdentifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal MoreIdentifying the critical time and timing of plant irrigation based on a precise and basic plan is the key to water conservation, improvement of irrigation operations and plant tolerance to water shortage in agriculture. In recent years, vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have been used in many plants to deal with dehydration and drought stress. In this regard, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in the form of randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the Yasuj region at years 2015 and 2016. Water stress was considered as the main factor in the form of irrigation after 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of evaporation from the evaporation pan class A and mycorrhizal fungus was considered as a secondary factor in the form of no application, application of Glomus mosseae and application of Glomus intraradices. The results showed that the interaction of irrigation and mycorrhizal fungi on flower phosphorus, flower yield, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage was significant. In irrigation levels after 60, 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan, the use of mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices compared to the absence of fungi respectively increased the yield of plant flowers (30.04% and 27.35 %), (90.2% and 90.98%), (93.21% and 94.1%) and (81.73% and 78.86%), also, at these levels of irrigation, biological yield and water use efficiency of Borage flower achieved a significant increase in the presence of mycorrhizal fungus, compared to the absence of mycorrhizal fungus application. Application of both strains of mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices in irrigation levels after 90, 120 and 150 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan compared to no application of mycorrhizal fungus, respectively, resulted in a significant increase in the harvest index of Borage flower (44.55% and 43.36%), (13.21% and 15.96%) and (5.6% and 5.41%) and flower phosphorus (44.69% and 20.45%), (150% and 125%) and ( 267.74% and 235.48%). Mycorrhizal fungus was able to moderate the negative effects of drought stress and increase the above-mentioned traits in those irrigation levels, and based on the results of this study, irrigation treatment after 90 mm of water evaporation from the evaporation pan + the use of Glomus mosseae mycorrhizal fungi is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - Effectiveness of Neurofeedback Training on QEEG Baseline and Sustained Attention in Children with ADHD
Mohammad Mehdi Hasanshahi Farideh YousefiStudies in various areas have emphasized the neuropsychological basis of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This study aims to evaluate the effect of neurofeedback training (NFT) on quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) baseline and sustained attentio MoreStudies in various areas have emphasized the neuropsychological basis of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). This study aims to evaluate the effect of neurofeedback training (NFT) on quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) baseline and sustained attention in children with ADHD. For this purpose, a quasi-experimental study with the pretest-posttest control group design was conducted on 30 ADHD children selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental groups, namely a Neurofeedback Group and a Sham-controlled Neurofeedback Group (Placebo conditions). The Neurofeedback Group received 30 training sessions for 15 weeks (two sessions per week). The groups were evaluated before, immediately after, and two months after the intervention in terms of the q-EEG baseline and continuous performance. The multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) showed that the Neurofeedback Training Group had a significant improvement in terms of the q-EEG baseline and continuous performance compared to the control group, and these improvements were maintained later. In the Neurofeedback Training Group, the theta wave activity and the theta/beta ratio (TBR) decreased in the posttest scores, and the beta wave activity and the sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) increased significantly in the posttest scores compared to the pre-test ones. In addition, the reaction time, omission error and commission error of the children were significantly lower in the Neurofeedback Training Group in the posttest and follow-up test compared to those of the Sham-controlled Neurofeedback Group. Neurofeedback training seems to improve abnormal q-EEG and is effective in improving the sustained attention of children with ADHD. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - Effect of manganese, zinc and boron micronutrients foliar application at different growth stages on quantitative characteristics of rainfed wheat cultivars
Majid Ahmadi Naser Mohebalipour Vali Feizi-Asl Iraj EskandariIn order to evaluate the effects of foliar application of manganese, zinc and boron on grain quality and quantity characteristics of dryland wheat, a split-split plot experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimen MoreIn order to evaluate the effects of foliar application of manganese, zinc and boron on grain quality and quantity characteristics of dryland wheat, a split-split plot experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experiment was carried out in Dryland Agricultural Research Station in Maragheh region, northwest Iran during 2008-2009. Wheat cultivars (Azar2 and Homa) were planted in main plots. Foliar application time in three stages of tillering (GS32), stem elongation (GS37) and flag leaf emerging (GS64) and foliar application of micronutrients (control, pure water, 35g.ha-1 manganese sulfate, 25 g.ha-1 zinc sulfate and 15 g.ha-1 boric acid) were also allocated to subplots and sub-subplots, respectively. Results showed that foliar application of microelements significantly affected grain yield, spike number per area unit, dry weight and fresh weight of flag leaf and harvest index. According to the results, application of 35 g.ha-1 manganese sulfate and 25 g.ha-1 zinc sulfates had non significant effect on grain yield. Application of 15 g.ha-1 boric acid resulted in the highest yield (1418 kg. ha-1), dry weight and fresh weight of flag leaf. The highest number of spikes per m2 was observed with application of 35 g.ha-1 manganese sulfate. According to these results, tillering stage (GS32) was the best stage for foliar application of micronutrients that produced the highest yield (1630 g.ha-1). Azar2 was better cultivar and produced 32 and 36 percent higer biological and grain yield in comparison to Homa cultivar, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - Effect of different NH4+/NH4+ + NO3- ratios on some qualitative and quantitative characteristics of fruit in Gala and Golab Kohanz Esfahan apple cultivars
Salim Mohammad Sokri Mesbah Babalar Hosein Lesani Mohammad Ali AsgariIn this research, the effect of different nitrate to ammonium ratios was studied on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of apple fruit. The nitrate to ammonium ratios were 0.03, 0.14, 0.10, 0.07 and 0.04 meq/L-1. The pH of nutritive solution was adjusted MoreIn this research, the effect of different nitrate to ammonium ratios was studied on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of apple fruit. The nitrate to ammonium ratios were 0.03, 0.14, 0.10, 0.07 and 0.04 meq/L-1. The pH of nutritive solution was adjusted at 6.5 ± 0.1. Experiment was carried out based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of fruit including length, diameter, length to diameter ratio (L­/­D), weight, flesh firmness, pH, total soluble solids, titrable acidity (TA) and nitrogen, potassium and calcium concentrations were evaluated. The ratio of NH4+/ NH4+ + NO3- had no significant effect on total soluble solid, firmness, weight, diameter, pH, length, dry matter and (L­/­D) ratio of fruit. Flavour index (TSS­/­TA) ratio, N, K and Ca concentrations of fruit samples were influenced significantly by NH4+/ NH4+ + NO3- ratio. Increasing ammonium caused a significant decrease on Ca and K concentrations and (TSS­/­TA) ratio of apple fruit, but N concentration and TA were increased, significantly. Cultivars are also influenced by the ratio of NH4+/ NH4+ + NO3-, significantly and Gala often showed higher indices in comparison to Golab cultivar. Manuscript profile
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