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Open Access Article
1 - Analyzing cultural and identity factors in urban planning and Architecture Pahlavi Era (Case study: Ahvaz City)
Dr. Ahmad Reza KaboliThe culture of a land is deeply influential on urban planning and architecture and clearly retention of basic cultural and artistic factors in buildings has left special effectiveness. Westernism, in the urban planning and architecture of the pahlavi Era is evidently ou MoreThe culture of a land is deeply influential on urban planning and architecture and clearly retention of basic cultural and artistic factors in buildings has left special effectiveness. Westernism, in the urban planning and architecture of the pahlavi Era is evidently outstanding as far as many changes in the plan forms are witnesses in this period. The present study is an applied study in terms of purpose and a survey study in terms of research methodology based on a questionnaire. The main aim of the research is to evaluate the relationship between cultural factors (in terms of façade and plan) in urban planning and architecture within the ahvaz city specially focusing on three icon buildings created in pahlavi period: triangular college building, silo building and the swan hotel building with an architecture related to the european modernism period. The research data are collected using a questionnaire while the cronbach’s method has been used for evaluating the reliability of this research instrument. We followed the snowball technique to determine the number and type of samples(41 experts). The data were analyzed using the Spss software and kolmogorov-smirnov (KS) test and the sign test. The results of KS test suggest that the significance level is below 0.05 in all cases; therefore, the data normality test is rejected. Also based on the Sign test, the value of 1.739 at the significance level of 0.082 for the “façade index” and the value of 1.562 at the significance levels of 0.118 for the “plan index” have not been significant for those three buildings. Both indices ,façade and plan, have been equally used when compared to the architecture of European modernism period. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Conceptual framework of social creativity and its application in the theory of creative city
Raziyeh RezabeigiSani Behnaz AminzadehThis paper encourages a new approach to reconsider the current attitude towards creativity in the theories of the creative city, creative industries and creative economy. This reconsideration is necessary, because there is a threat that the individualistic and physiolog MoreThis paper encourages a new approach to reconsider the current attitude towards creativity in the theories of the creative city, creative industries and creative economy. This reconsideration is necessary, because there is a threat that the individualistic and physiologic approach now arranges the concept of the creative city over any further exploration of creativity and its wider role in the economic, social and cultural environment. Creativity is shown as an issue in the domination of talented artists and geniuses in the theories of the creative city. This individualistic approach leads to ignore the social dimensions, levels, and functions of creativity. However, creativity is increasingly assumed as a social phenomenon in some studies, especially in the context of social groups, organizations, and city. An integrative review of the literature reveals that the engagement in creativity processes occurs not only in individuals, but in individuals interacting with each other, in group and team works, multilevel systems and finally in complex systems such as cities. There is a need to re-conceptualize creativity as a social phenomenon, resulting from the interaction between human beings and other people, their surrounding environment and the artifacts that represent essential collective knowledge. This article offers a conceptual framework for the main processes of social creativity that integrates perspectives from a body of related literature by using a conceptual map. Criteria for social creativity in the context of urban planning can be categorized into three general categories as contextual factors, sustained everyday practices and conscious activities. The most basic requirements of social creativity are the suitable contextual factors (a set of historical, social, cultural, and political conditions) and the existence or creation of motivation in society. Social creativity in urban planning context requires a paradigm shift and change of approach toward creativity from individualistic (physiologic and expert-based) viewpoint to holistic (sociological and people-based) approach. This paradigm shift plays the role of creativity in the larger domain of urban planning discipline and thus the literature of the creative city theory provides the basis for considering it as a social issue. Creative urban planning requires a collaborative, facilitative, and participatory process based on the discourse making among different stockholders and provides the possibility for the local society to accept the role of experts in the process of urban planning. Therefore, this paper discusses the relationship between individual and social creativity and analyzes the need for the social approach in the urban planning. The paper also suggests an agenda for re-qualifying the creative city theory according to this fundamentally social conception, including how this can be achieved through implanting a new concept of social creativity. The findings include a conceptual diagram which shows the analysis and interpretation of the relationship between actors and social creative process, context and the results of creativity. Social creativity requires social action and adopting process-based approach to urban planning, promoting dialogue among actors, participation and everyday experiences. In conclusion, several proposals are offered for the application of concept in the theory of social creativity and creative city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Analyzing the Relation between Urban Planners' role and educational content in Iran
سید حسین بحرینی Eham Fallah ManshadiA review of the literature on the subject of urban planning education in the developing countries shows serious challenges in formulating the content of education in these countries. One subject is the relation between content of education in these countries and the rol MoreA review of the literature on the subject of urban planning education in the developing countries shows serious challenges in formulating the content of education in these countries. One subject is the relation between content of education in these countries and the role that planners play. No doubt the education content of what planners need should be in congruence with the professional role and position of planner in the society. In other words, before defining the education content, we should make it clear what kind of planner we intend to train and what do we expect of this planner to do. On these basis, this critical question may raise that what role urban planner essentially play in the developing countries and to what extent the content of education in these countries should adapt to this role? A brief review of the literature indicates that two general roles of active vs. advisory (or technician role) have been dominant in urban planning. Choosing between these two would imply different education content. The education content consists of three elements of knowledge, skills, and values, each of which has its own unique details. The importance of these sub-elements is different in different roles of planners. In the active role, the main knowledge needed is substantive/fundamental, the most important skill is communicative, and it is value or normative based. In the case of technician role, on the other hand, the dominant knowledge is procedural / applied, skills are technical and analytical and values are not important. In this article, the role of urban planner in Iran, as a developing country, will be analyzed, and, then, the most important knowledge and skills which are relevant to this role will be defined. In other words, this study intends to find answers to the following questions: What is the role of urban planner in Iran, as a developing country? What are the most important knowledge and skills needed by urban planners in developing countries? And finally to what extent the related educational contents are prioritized on the basis of actual role of planner? The study of planner role in the developing countries, and Iran as a case study, shows that the dominant view for the planner role is technician or advisory role in the decision-making process and the main focus is on preparing urban development plans at different scales (from national spatial planning to specific detailed plans). Planners are actively involved in physical studies. Reflection of the planner role on the education content in the developing countries shows the dominance of procedural / applied knowledge which are courses with physical orientation such as studios, urban space analysis, introduction to urban planning, urban design methods and GIS (versus environment, economics, social issues), and technical and analytical skills(versus communication skills) and values do not play any role in this regard. These results shows that there is a conformity between urban planner's role and educational content in Iran as a case study for developing countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Investigating the Impact of Piranshahr City Business Role on City Development Strategy Indicators
محمد رحیم رهنما leili ebrahimiIn response to uncertain future conditions, managerial inefficient and reduction quality of life in cities, since 1999 was proposed a new approach in the literature of planning under title city development s trategy by the Cities Alliance with s trategic natur MoreIn response to uncertain future conditions, managerial inefficient and reduction quality of life in cities, since 1999 was proposed a new approach in the literature of planning under title city development s trategy by the Cities Alliance with s trategic nature and to help to create of democracy, decision-making and life improvement. City developments trategy (CDS) is an action plan for balanced development in cities. City development s trategy is defined based on the characteris tics of each city and is evaluated and through its output and it should change the current performance and trend toward optimal conditions. Therefore the purpose of this paper is analyzing the city development s trategy indicators andmeasure of the effectiveness rate of city role on them in order to unders tand current trends and performance Piranshahr city in connection with mentioned factors. The required data were collected using ques tionnaires. The s tatis tical population in this s tudy consis ted of three groups: urban managers, citizens and urban elites. In the group of urban managers, experts and people familiar with urban issues, 50 people and in the urban elite group, 50 were selected as samples. In the group of citizens, also according to the population of the city is 69049 people, using the Cochran formula, the sample size determined and 382 citizens selected and participated in completing the ques tionnaires. At firs tby using the relevant theoretical literature, as well as on the empirical s tudies related to the city development s trategy, four dimensions selected for city development s trategy and finally were selected 56 items. To assess of two dimension indicators of livability, 15 items, to assess three dimensions of competitiveness indicator, 11 items and to assess good urban governance indicators with four indicators, 13 items and Also tow dimension of bankability indicators 16 items were selected and respondents were asked to rate Piranshahr city on each of items on a 5-point Likert scale where 1=Strongly Disagree to 5 = Strongly Agree. Data analysis was done by s tructural equation modeling (SEM) using SPSSand SmartPLS softwares. The reliability of the ques tionnaire is confirmed by using an internal consis tency coefficient of alpha for all variables. Following Verification of the appropriate validity of ques tionnaire by using confirmatory factor analysis, s tructural equation technique with method partial leas t squares was applied to s tudy the relationship between variables. The results of s tructural equations showed that the business role of Piranshahr city has a positive impact on four dimensions of city development s trategy. The Livability with 0.798 s tandard coefficients and the Competitivenesswith 0.325 s tandard coefficients respectively have accepted impact highes t and impact from the role of city. Improving the quality of CDS indicators is effective s tep in order to achieve sus tainable development. The s tudy showed the role that city plays can have a positive impact on city development s trategy indices. Accordingly, attention to the position,city role and the opportunities that have each city, and codification and development of s trategies of appropriate tailored to these the positions and the opportunities can be an effective s tep to further improving these indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Exploring the features of complexity theories in Tehran City Comprehensive Plan (2007)
Esfandiar Zebardast Mohammad Amin SaeidiTodays’ cities are accepted as dynamic and ever-changing phenomena and are classified as “complex systems” in which Planning encounters with much “uncertainties”. In this kind of systems, absolute cognition of existing condition is impossible. In complex systems, “optim MoreTodays’ cities are accepted as dynamic and ever-changing phenomena and are classified as “complex systems” in which Planning encounters with much “uncertainties”. In this kind of systems, absolute cognition of existing condition is impossible. In complex systems, “optimum” is not predictable. So, we cannot be sure about the existing condition of complex systems nor about the future and the consequences of our manipulation, then, how can we think of planning in this system? Complexity theories are about studying nonlinear dynamic complex systems. These theories deliver new approaches to study complex systems like cities. Complex systems have some common characteristics which introduces them. Openness, ever-changing, non-linear behaviors, non-equilibrium and being on the edge of chaos, self-organization, uncertainty, emergence and naturally unpredictability are some of these characteristics. Therefore, popular linear methods of planning don’t work for complex systems. In this article, eight key elements of urban planning process are proposed based on the complexity theories approaches. Qualitative prediction, gradual evolution (path dependence), actor-space relationship, actor cooperation, self-organization, inhibitor rules, ongoing evaluation, innovation and intuition are introduced with huge literature review as core characteristics of urban planning process. Afterward, in the latest Tehran master plan, use of these key words are analyzed. Summative qualitative context analyze method is used to do this. Tehran has been chosen since the importance of this city in Iran. Tehran is Iran’s capital and also economic center of Iran. It has about 8.7 million inhabitants in about 700 square kilometers area. Tehran has been known as “a problem” since more than fifty years ago. Three development plans are prepared for Tehran but problems like transportation, pollution and etc. are getting worth. Tehran is one of the most complicated cities in Iran, so, is selected as case study in this article. The latest development plan is selected because it is written that Tehran is a very complex problem in that and the plan is prepared with this consciousness. The results of the analysis show that Tehran Comprehensive Plan has not used the concept of gradual evolution, self-organization and innovation and intuition in its process of plan preparation. In the case of ongoing evaluation, just 1 process (each five years) is proposed. Cooperation (of citizens) been referred to mostly in the implementation part of the plan and not in preparation process of the plan. The concept of inhibitor rules are used in the plan, and the most refers to existing sanctioned rules, only 8 new rules are developed in the plan. Actor-space relationship is user 11 times in the plan. Qualitative prediction is used as some patterns and processes in the plan and the most are related to proposed stage. After all, it seems that eight key word proposed in this article are seldom used in Tehran comprehensive plan. In complex context of Tehran it is recommended to use complexity theory concepts to better understand the status-quo and the existing trends. Off course, this is not only the duty of preparation organizations but also all who are involved in the plan Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Efficient System Design for Urban Construction
Shahriar MoshiriObservation of cities with increasing problems such as population density, poverty, unemployment, shortage of housing, inadequacy of service catering, lack of infrastructures , environmental pollutions, economic inefficiency and MoreObservation of cities with increasing problems such as population density, poverty, unemployment, shortage of housing, inadequacy of service catering, lack of infrastructures , environmental pollutions, economic inefficiency and onset of social abnormality and deviation from social norms, which all of these will create mental apprehension and anxiety for experts and urban planners engaged in city construction , and urban management . Also, this issue will cause concern and tension for the main users of the cities, the urban dwellers, in other words the people. Surely, they all want to know what are the reasons behind all these inefficiencies of the models and patterns rendered and are eager to find a solution for this complication and problem. The purpose of this research is to examine the weak points and failure of urban construction managers in fulfillments of implementing their methods of urban construction management. In carrying out this survey, the writer has benefited from various system design of urban construction of various developed countries adaptability and application such rules where applicable. The result of this survey revealed that with status quo, the inadequacies and complications existed in the cities were the main causes of inefficiencies of housing and urban construction system within the country. Therefore, highlighting the need for better urban design, it seems that the present urban planning system requires undergoing major changes by revising laws and regulation and codes of practice in architecture and building design. Utilizing building quality assurance, maintaining neighborhood citizenship and civil rights and adaptability of construction codes of practice with achievable and accessible urbanization norms and standards are the other essential elements for good urban design system. Sets of urbanization parameters and factors of every country are function of systems prevailing that country. Even though, in the urban planning all countries try to follow and observe similar and specified rules and regulations and prepare their tools for implementing such rules in accordance with general principles. But, having different political , social , and economical structures in every country , they have different distinguished features which differentiate them from each other. Good urban design is essential if we are to produce attractive, high-quality, sustainable places in which people will want to live, work and relax. It is fundamental to our objective of an urban renaissance. We do not have to put up with shoddy, unimaginative and second-rate buildings and urban areas. There is a clamor for better designed places which inspire and can be cherished, places where vibrant communities can grow and prosper. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Transformation of Urban Conservation
naser bonyadiThere are significant differences between architectural restoration and urban conservation in professional literature. History of object and architectural restoration is too long. But the formation of urban conservation, as an independent and interdisciplinary field and MoreThere are significant differences between architectural restoration and urban conservation in professional literature. History of object and architectural restoration is too long. But the formation of urban conservation, as an independent and interdisciplinary field and based on its principles which is inseparable from the restoration of monuments and objects, is less clear. So there are a few resources in explaining the evolution of urban conservation. Those who have worked on this issue mostly discussed from the standpoint of architectural restoration. This paper will attempt to rely on written documents and evidence and try to prepare a review on urban conservation history and the factors affecting its formation. Compiling the proclamation of congresses and different universal sessions and using them have been created some special fields for recognition of historical transition current that have gone over for codification of urban renovation changes at the end of this article. Urban experiences show that intervention in solving urban problems, especially in historic areas, can be considered from urban conservation and urban development approaches. Developmental needs of the historic areas could be provided with integrated proper methods of urban conservation and planning. Combination of these two approaches in dealing with urban historic areas led to the formation of urban conservation in the mid-twentieth century. In comparing with some historic cities in Europe, the conservation of old towns in Iran has not a scientific background. In some other countries conservation of historic objects and buildings had experienced from ancient periods and the basic principles has remained in some declarations, regulations and text books and the preservation literature has been made. In inference of urban restoration, different views may be considered. If the purpose of Urban conservation, has been preparing the common needs of urban historic areas and their current residents (urban poor and immigrants) or the needs of people living in the whole city or the country and even the global community and protect World Heritage, the different opinions, views and solutions can be emerge. Accordingly, this paper with documentary method and case studies developed theoretical principles and adapt it to existing conditions. To assess these techniques and adapt ideas and methods, through description and reasoning content, attempted to assumptions concluded by questions and objectives and to develop and scrutinize conceptual framework. Results of this study are briefly: 1 - Today, the use of scientific methods in planning is the first step to enter the field of urban conservation. We can find some options which have applied effect for urban organization and amelioration by using achievements of urban planning and combination of them.2 - Various interventions with two original trends: urban development and urban conservation are two important challenges of urban and cultural heritage management. Despite the emphasis in many international declarations, this challenge rooted in lack of integrity in urban conservation and urban development approach. Successful cities concerning urban protectiveness and renovation have been able to obtain a balance between two approaches. Unfortunately such this success has been obtained less in underdeveloped countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Explaining the Concepts of Organizing Desirable Housing in the Corporate Town (Case Study: New site and AB & Bargh Residential Complexes)
Sajad Memardezfouli Mohammad Ebrahim Mazhari -
Open Access Article
9 - The Conditions of New Cities in Iran and the Important Role of Urban Planning in Constructing New Cities (Case of Study: District 14 of Tehran Municipality)
Mohammad Reza Zandmoghadam -
Open Access Article
10 - Feasibility Study of Implementing New Models of Urban Planning with Emphasis on Urban Governance Case study: Garmadreh city, Alborz province))
naser mohammadi Hossein Mojtaba Zadeh Ali TavakolanThe cities of the world undoubtedly face problems that, while similar to the challenges of other cities in the world, have fundamental differences. The present study tries to examine the compatibility of these patterns according to the conditions of our country by exami MoreThe cities of the world undoubtedly face problems that, while similar to the challenges of other cities in the world, have fundamental differences. The present study tries to examine the compatibility of these patterns according to the conditions of our country by examining the most important models proposed in the world urban planning (smart growth, creative city, urban governance, scattered growth, ecological city). The present article is an applied approach in terms of purpose and a descriptive-analytical method that after explaining the new patterns of urban planning, using the opinion of experts and university professors to determine the criteria of compatibility of these patterns with the situation in our country and using AHP model The criteria have been weighed and then by designing a questionnaire and using the ELECTRE model, an attempt has been made to rank the urban planning patterns in terms of compatibility. The results show that the urban governance model with a score of 3 has the highest level of compatibility, followed by the ecological city model with a score of 1. The pattern of creative city and scattered growth are also in the lowest degree of adaptation to the conditions of the country. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Investigating and evaluating the sustainability of urban neighborhoods with emphasis on modern urban planning indicators (Case study of Bandar Abbas)
Parivash Bavaghar marzieh mogholi Mohammad Ebrahim AfifiThe purpose of this study is to investigate and evaluate the sustainability of Bandar Abbas neighborhoods with emphasis on modern urban planning indicators.The purpose of the present study is applied studies and its predominant approach is descriptive-analytical. Librar MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate and evaluate the sustainability of Bandar Abbas neighborhoods with emphasis on modern urban planning indicators.The purpose of the present study is applied studies and its predominant approach is descriptive-analytical. Library and field methods (questionnaire) have been used to collect data.The statistical population of the study includes 152862 households living in Bandar Abbas. To determine the sample size using Cochran's formula, the sample size of 383 households was selected.Then, different dimensions of sustainable development (economic, social and environmental) were evaluated using the opinions of heads of households in different parts of Bandar Abbas.The results show that among the neighborhoods of Bandar Abbas in terms of social sustainability, Golshahr, Azadegan and Shah Hosseini neighborhoods have the best performance and posht shahr, Soro and duhezar neighborhoods have less social sustainability. Golshahr, Azadegan and Nayband have more stability and Tohid, Chahestani and Behesht Zahra neighborhoods have less economic stability than other neighborhoods. In the study of environmental indicators of sustainable development, Shah Hosseini, derakht e sabz and Golshahrz neighborhoods have the most environmental sustainability. And the neighborhoods of Nayband, Posht Shahr and Soro have the least environmental sustainability Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The position of Iranian-Islamic urban development in the realization of urban livability (Case study around the shrine of Hazrat Abdul Azim)
Alireza Jafari HamidReza Saremi Arash BaghdadiAbstractToday, large cities are facing a process of stagnation, decline and decline, which has led to the creation of inefficient and worn-out spaces in cities. Numerous and numerous models have been presented to deal with this urban problem and this study also theorize MoreAbstractToday, large cities are facing a process of stagnation, decline and decline, which has led to the creation of inefficient and worn-out spaces in cities. Numerous and numerous models have been presented to deal with this urban problem and this study also theorizes about the model of regeneration of Islamic-Iranian urban development based on justice-oriented indicators with the aim of achieving a suitable solution in this field. In order to identify the indicators and identities of the main idea, this research has used the "context theory" method and in order to analyze the data, the "content analysis" method has been used. The indicators are arranged in descending order by Mc Grahanan method of weight determination to determine which of the principles and indicators play a significant role in the purpose of the research. Then, the proposed framework in the research context has been studied and evaluated by the methods of documentary study, observation and interview.The results show that the mission of urban development is to re-evaluate the pure human life in such dysfunctional and problematic urban places, the effects of which are to increase citizens' satisfaction and sense of peace and excellence from living in cities. Is Iranian; Therefore, the implementation of the Iranian-Islamic urban planning model in the light of "justice-oriented urban planning" as a successful local and comprehensive model for urban management in Iran in the contemporary period, which is achieved by placing "justice" in urban plans and programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Policies, strategies and metods of dealing treting with scrape vehicles
رحیم Moshiri علیرضا SoolaimaniNoweadays, It is very important to pay attention to bio- environmental insights in urban planning and developmented programs, because scrap vehicles are one of the factors that influence air and environment pollution. In undevelopment or developing countres , noth MoreNoweadays, It is very important to pay attention to bio- environmental insights in urban planning and developmented programs, because scrap vehicles are one of the factors that influence air and environment pollution. In undevelopment or developing countres , nothing has been done for scrape vehicles. Also in Iran , nothing has been done for controlling and recycling the scrape vehicles , in comparison to the fast and rapid growth of vehicle production. In this research , programs, policies, strategies and method,for threatment about scrape vehicles in developed countries has been explored and studied and , by contrastive analysis, it is aimed to provide and propose solutions fr the best treatment with scrape vehicles, especially applying the experiemences in sight and finding in developed countries to developing or under developed onces. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Assessment of Urban Development Strategy Indictors in Zanjan
OMID mobaraki HOSHANG sarvar FATH HOLAH HATAMIIntroduction: One of the new approaches to urban development projects is the Urban Development Strategy (CDS) approach developed in 1999 with the goal of reducing poverty, sustainable development, promoting participation and creating good urban governance. The pla MoreIntroduction: One of the new approaches to urban development projects is the Urban Development Strategy (CDS) approach developed in 1999 with the goal of reducing poverty, sustainable development, promoting participation and creating good urban governance. The plan mainly emphasizes the economic growth of cities and, by identifying and using the potential and economic potential of the city, provides a basis for development in other aspects as well. In other words, sustaining environmental sustainability, sustainable social justice, and so on can be seen by creating sustainability, promoting sustainable development and providing sustainable financing. The city's development strategy is a tool in which participatory techniques are employed and its main goal is to provide sustainable urban development through social capacity building for the development of participatory perspectives and public action. Also, the urban development strategy aims to promote social justice in cities through the process of community participation and cooperation in order to improve the quality of life of all citizens. Research method: The research type is applied and its method is descriptive-analytic. Therefore, analyzing the data of the questionnaire using SPSS software, and in order to develop a strategy for future development of the city from the SWOT analytical model and for designing the study area maps from GIS Has been used . Finding : Therefore, the studies have been done and the results obtained by step-by-step regression show that the bankability index with beta 436 has the highest impact, competitiveness with .340 good urban governance with beta .259 And life expectancy index with beta of 255. The least effect on the development of the city of Zanjan. Using single-sample t-test (T) for citizens 2.65 and for specialists 2.70, the total is 0.713 with a significant difference. Results: Finally, by using the methods of weighting the indicators and evaluation criteria, ranked photo-capture method, first-class bank-capability index, second-place competitiveness index, life-satisfaction index, and fourth-rank urban management index. SWOT analysis shows that the best strategy for Zanjan is an aggressive strategy that exploits the strengths of opportunities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The Role Fundamental of Urban Planning and Environmental Regulation in Preventing Environmental Violation in Guilan Province
Maryam Bagheri amirhoseyn porjohariThe main purpose of this descriptive-survey study was to investigate the role of urban planning and environmental regulation in preventing environmental Violations. Statistical population of this research comprises all 256 managers, supervisors and experts of the 16 mun MoreThe main purpose of this descriptive-survey study was to investigate the role of urban planning and environmental regulation in preventing environmental Violations. Statistical population of this research comprises all 256 managers, supervisors and experts of the 16 municipalities in Guilan province. Bartlett et al. was used for determining sample size (120). Data were collected through a questionnaire. To obtain validity of questionnaire; content and face validity were used. As well, to obtain reliability of questionnaire Cronbach’s alpha was used (0.869). To accomplish analysis of data, SPSSV19 and LISREL8.80 software were used in descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of goodness of fit showed that Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation (RMSEA) was equal to 0.00, Level of significant was equal to 0.695 and also Chi Square/df ratio (X2/df) was equal to 0.958. Based on the standard coefficients, the educational factors (1.14), monitoring factors (1.87) and infrastructure factors (0.75), had a strong correlation with the role of urban management. The result also showed that monitoring factors had the strongest effect in the role of urban management and preventing environmental violation. Educational and infrastructure factors were at a later stage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Privatization of Urban Services, Opportunities & Challenges facing Urban Economy
علی عسگری علی حاجینژادPrivatization is a pervasive and global phenomenon. In recent years, all governments started to transfer to private sector activities that had until then been made by government to reduce expenses. Depending on the interactions in the community, the speed of privatizati MorePrivatization is a pervasive and global phenomenon. In recent years, all governments started to transfer to private sector activities that had until then been made by government to reduce expenses. Depending on the interactions in the community, the speed of privatization depends on the governing general condition of the economy and how much the government allows people and private institutions to contribute. Although, in practice, considerations such as service quality, social justice and employment conditions, harms the flow of privatization, but most of the world's experiences show the promotion of urban economy and the creation of more efficiency and productivity of the government during privatization. Privatization of urban services, as a private sector participation in the urban management system, has also entered the urban planning of different countries since decades ago; and, different countries (developed or developing ones) have experienced some form of it. This paper will attempt to study the privatization of urban services (as a duty of local governments) while providing basic concepts of privatization and the opportunities and challenges that follow have been provided. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Reasons for Suburbanization in Tehran Metropolis
علیرضا لادن هادی رزقی شیرسوارThis research is functional, purpose wise and descriptive (correlation), method wise. The statistical population includes all teachers, professionals and executives in management, social sciences and culture. In this study, random sampling was used and a number of 200 q MoreThis research is functional, purpose wise and descriptive (correlation), method wise. The statistical population includes all teachers, professionals and executives in management, social sciences and culture. In this study, random sampling was used and a number of 200 questionnaires were distributed among the samples in this study. 157 questionnaires were fully completed and returned to the researcher. The data collection tools in this study have been questionnaires. The questionnaires were prepared in two parts of: a) individual characteristics and b) 24 questions. According to opinions of experts, the weak economic structure is the most important components and in the first position, poor planning and urban management system in the second, lack of government support and guidance is in third place, political events in fourth place, natural disasters in fifth place and social events at sixth place influence the development of suburbanization in Tehran Metropolis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Delphi technique in urban planning and management
رحیم سرور طاهر پریزادی حسن حسینی امینیResearch Objective: In this article a look at urban planning comprehensiveness of the topic and groups of interested parties and the purpose and emphasized the need to decide next few experts in the various stages described the Delphi technique and its position in the o MoreResearch Objective: In this article a look at urban planning comprehensiveness of the topic and groups of interested parties and the purpose and emphasized the need to decide next few experts in the various stages described the Delphi technique and its position in the overall process of planning and planning and urban management will be discussed. Methods: Techniques to check the place mentioned in the process of urban planning and management of documents combined approach, a library and analytical, are used. Results Considering that part of the city system is complex and likely offensive action plan is the political nature of that power and how to allocate resources between groups and actors in the city will affect the Delphi technique of efficient tools in the reform process decision-making and management of urban affairs and planning is correct. Conclusion: onsidering the comprehensiveness of urban planning and the subject of interest groups and emphasized the need to decide next few managers, this technique can review decisions and in urban issues and issues of various commissions and from the city falls effective maximum citizen participation in programs urban use this technology to involve people and their elected representatives and political parties and trade unions in various decision-making process and urban management concerns how people benefit from contributions to reduce Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Construction of a conceptual model for against disasters using a sustainable development approach
Yasser Moarab esmaeil salehi Mohamad Javad Amiri Jahanbakh BalistBackground and Objective: Looking at the long history (at least ten thousand years) of human settlement, we can realize that urban environments in their current shape and form can be considered a relatively new phenomenon. Despite covering a small area of the earth&rsqu MoreBackground and Objective: Looking at the long history (at least ten thousand years) of human settlement, we can realize that urban environments in their current shape and form can be considered a relatively new phenomenon. Despite covering a small area of the earth’s surface, urban environments house the majority of human population. The man is always faced with natural and man-made disasters and crises. Although it is not possible to avoid crisis, but its damage can be reduced by proper design. Thus, evaluation of urban resilience is one of the crucial factors to gurd the city against the natural and man-made disasters. Increase of the resilience of cities can minimize the damage caused by natural disaster. The importance of this issue is as high as some have referred to it as a new paradigm in urban evolution. Method: In this study, it has been attempted to use a deductive approach with a systematic approach. Findings: Numerous studies have been carried out to determine the relation of resilience dimensions and components with the urban land use. In the end, several dimensions and criteria considered more prominent by the experts (specialized in the field of environmental planning, urban planning, and geography) have been proposed for the concept of land use resilience Discussion and Conclusion: It has been attempted to determine both diminition and resiliency of urban lands criteria and also sustainable development approach though applying inductive approaches with system concept. Finally, by drawing the related conceptual model, effective steps will be made for reduction of vulnerabilties and improving cities and their systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Identify the urban planning approaches in facing industrial activities within the cities and practicing them in different countries’ experiences
Fatemeh Sadat Hosseini Nezhad Hassan AkbariAbstract Background and Objective: Industrial activities have positive and negative impacts on urban system. This has led urban planning system in different countries, consider different policies to deal with these activities in urban scale. The purpose of this paper is MoreAbstract Background and Objective: Industrial activities have positive and negative impacts on urban system. This has led urban planning system in different countries, consider different policies to deal with these activities in urban scale. The purpose of this paper is to identify the approaches in urban planning system, dealing with urban industrial activities and also understanding the relationship between the two vast domains of "urban planning" and "industrial activities planning" in achieving sustainable development. Method: The research method used in this paper is descriptive - analytic method based on the study of the documents of urban industrial planning experiences in different countries. Findings: The experiences of different countries in the field of urban industrial planning, represents the implementation of different policies in this field. The most common policies include pollution prevention, cleaner production, industrial zoning, revitalization of abandoned(inactive) industrial buildings through functional conversion, and finally revitalization of abandoned industrial sites, by using three policies: Special zoning and using incentives to keep and attract industrial activities in the city, Creation of mixed use for diversity and attractiveness of the site, and Clustering the industrial activities and emphasizing on integrated planning. Results: In this paper, three main approaches are identified as the basis of policy making in urban industrial planning:(1) Stabilization of industrial activities in a location, (2) Relocating industrial activities, and (3) attracting the industrial activities to a location. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - A Review of Urban Growth Prediction Models
Fatemeh Hajizadeh Abdolrasoul Salman MahinyHuman population continues to aggregate in urban centers, who inevitably increases the urban footprint with significant consequences for biodiversity, climate, and environmental resources. Urban growth prediction models have been extensively studied with the overarching MoreHuman population continues to aggregate in urban centers, who inevitably increases the urban footprint with significant consequences for biodiversity, climate, and environmental resources. Urban growth prediction models have been extensively studied with the overarching goal to assist in sustainable management of urban centers. Despite the extensive research, these models are not frequently included in the decision making process. The survey found a strong recognition of the models’ potential in decision making, but limited agreement which these models actually reach enough potential in practice. This review aims are an overview of existing models, including advantages and limitations. Also, in general, it will be discussed to main reason for not applying these models in the decision making. Analysis of aggregated statistics indicates that cellular automata are the prevailing modeling technique, present in the majority of published works. Also, being unfamiliar decision-makers with models and thelack of popularity models to research are significant reasons for not using these models in the decision making. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Water sensitive cities a new approach to sustainable urban development
Mahmood Jomehpour Khalil Kalantari Golshan HemmatiAbstract Realizing the effects of global warming and climate change, urban communities seeking to achieve flexibility in future changes related to urban water resources, biodiversity, population growth and climate change. But despite the development of existing infrast MoreAbstract Realizing the effects of global warming and climate change, urban communities seeking to achieve flexibility in future changes related to urban water resources, biodiversity, population growth and climate change. But despite the development of existing infrastructure and the emergence of newtechnologies at the service of urban water sustainability goals, during 20 years this change remains too slow. Now well accepted that traditional urban water management is not appropriate for paying current and future sustainability issues and fundamental changes in the technical structure and management of urban water systems and using new theories to explain urban water planning for sustainable development. In this regard, a relatively new concept in the field of urban water management the last two decades of its creation is proposed under water sensitive cities. this concept provides ecological solutions to achieve sustainability in urban development and cities require fundamental changes in management, social and technical than conventional methods. In this way, present research covers water sensitive cities and in the form of Criteria, targets and criteria for water sensitive urban design, water sensitive urban planning and eventually was given water sensitive city. And finally, to enhance the experience of using this pattern, this pattern has been studied in Melbourne and Moonee Valley. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - The Definition of the philosophy of Islamic cities based on five principles of Islam
Seyed Mohammar reza Talakesh Mahdi Jamalinezhad Jamal MohammadiToday in the Muslim world, most urban residents are Muslim.Sharp class differences, social damage,disturbance of communities and so is indicative of this issue.And this is because of non-performance of the Islamic pure principles and alsothe surrounding c MoreToday in the Muslim world, most urban residents are Muslim.Sharp class differences, social damage,disturbance of communities and so is indicative of this issue.And this is because of non-performance of the Islamic pure principles and alsothe surrounding culture of West onMuslims’ lives.Islamhasprinciples that is the basis of every movement in the Islamic world.These principles are:Prophecy, Leadership, Justice,Monotheism, and Resurrection; that can be used to achieve a reliable framework;whilein today’s Islamic world cities,principles of urban planning is mostly derived from Western culture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The Inefficiency of Urban Planning and Management in Organizing Worn-out Textures and its role in Sustainable Tourism Development (Case study:Kremanshah)
Yahya Shahbazi Alireza Pourshikhian Hossein Asghari Shahram Amir entekhabi Rafat shahmari -
Open Access Article
25 - Evaluation of policies of the Islamic city council in the field of urban planning and architecture of Shiraz city from the perspective of sustainable development
Abdoljalil Sharifi mohammdali shariari Nafiseh Vaez,Councils, as institutions that derive their legitimacy and popularity from the people, can play an important role in urban policy-making through their decisions regarding urban form, especially in the fields of urban planning and architecture. The present study aimed to MoreCouncils, as institutions that derive their legitimacy and popularity from the people, can play an important role in urban policy-making through their decisions regarding urban form, especially in the fields of urban planning and architecture. The present study aimed to evaluate the urban policies of the Islamic City Council of Shiraz in the field of urban planning and architecture from the perspective of sustainable development. The research method was descriptive-survey, using a questionnaire tool. The statistical population of this study consisted of managers and heads of various departments of Shiraz municipality (executive experts) and university professors familiar with the research topic (academic experts). The sample size was calculated to be 113 individuals using Morgan's table. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed. The study's findings indicated that for evaluating the urban policies of the Islamic Council, the Hagoort and Gunn model (1984) consisting of 5 dimensions of issue identification, policy formulation, decision-making, policy implementation, and policy evaluation can be used. To measure these dimensions, 19 components related to urban policy-making were identified based on the opinions of academic and executive experts in the field of urban planning. The results showed that at a significance level of less than 0.05, the dimensions and components related to urban policy-making were significant. The results also indicated that the status of the dimensions and components of the Islamic Council's urban policies was evaluated as average. The Friedman test results for ranking the dimensions and components of policy-making showed that among the dimensions, issue identification and among the components, the delegation of power and resources to the members of the Islamic Council obtained the highest rank. The results of the one-sample t-test also indicated that the performance of the Islamic Council in terms of urban planning and architecture policies was less than 0.05. In the field of urban planning, the best performance of the Islamic Council pertained to the consultation and legal supervision of the urban planning department and its affiliated units with a score of 0.803, and in the field of architecture, the best performance pertained to consultation and approval of regulations and decisions in the field of architecture with a score of 0.705.Extended AbstractIntroduction:In the current climate of urban expansion and urbanization, the Islamic city councils are important civil governance institutions that are responsible for realizing the rights of citizens in the urban area. The city council as a decision-making institution for urban development is more important today than ever before. The importance of councils in the administration of affairs is so great that in the decentralization system of governments where political and administrative power has been transferred to the provincial, urban, and rural levels, councils have significant importance (Tavakliniya and Noor Mohammadi, 2012). It is said that the main purpose of forming the Islamic City Council is to rapidly advance urban development programs through the cooperation and participation of the people, therefore, in Iran, councils find an existential philosophy as one of the institutions that supervise the performance of the public sector (Pirmozen, 2008). Islamic city councils are defined as the main guide of urban activities to realize the management of the urban unit. Therefore, according to the constitution and the approved law of Islamic councils dated (1375), the main task of urban management is assigned to the Islamic councils of the city, whose representatives are elected by the people (Nowrozi Far, 1380).Therefore, because of the aforementioned contents and the lack of research that evaluates the urban policy of the Islamic City Council from the perspective of sustainable development, and because sustainable development emphasizes qualitative and human criteria more than any other criterion, Therefore, to achieve a real stable situation in cities, it is necessary to develop policies to achieve sustainable cities. Therefore, this research seeks to evaluate the urban policies of the Shiraz Islamic Council (as a study) from the perspective of sustainable development, so that appropriate suggestions can be made from the results of such research to promote urban development.Methodology:This research is applied research in terms of nature and purpose. The descriptive-analytical research method and the research strategy used are quantitative. In this research, an attempt is made to use the positivist method in a theoretical framework and to analyze the research problem by using survey and field methods, considering the application of quantitative problems. The statistical population of the research consists of the managers and supervisors of various departments of Shiraz municipality (executive experts), which according to the available statistics include 138 people, as well as university professors familiar with the subject of the research (academic experts), of which 25 people were identified by the researcher. And as a result, the size of the statistical population reached 163 people. Random sampling method was used for sampling from the mentioned population and Morgan's table was used to determine the sample size, and the results showed that the required sample is 113 people. Also, the data collection tool of this research is a researcher-made questionnaire, the questions of which are designed and developed based on the components proposed in the research model (19 questions) and are used to collect data from the studied community after confirming validity and reliability.Results and discussion:After distributing 113 questionnaires among the members of the studied community, finally, 102 valid questionnaires (90% return rate) were obtained for analysis, and the information description of the received questionnaires showed: in terms of gender, nearly 57% (with a frequency of 58 people) of the answers The research respondents are women and about 43% (with a frequency of 44 people) of the respondents are men. Therefore, most of the research respondents are women. In terms of service history, the findings showed that 4.9% (with a frequency of 5 people) had less than 5 years, 41.1% (with a frequency of 42 people) between 5 and 10 years, 53.9% (with a frequency of 55 people ) have between 10 and 15 years of service experience. Therefore, most of the respondents have between 5 and 15 years of work experience (95%). Regarding the level of education, the results showed that 21.5% (with a frequency of 23 people) had a bachelor's degree and 78.4% (with a frequency of 80 people) had a master's degree or higher. Therefore, the absolute majority of respondents have a master's degree or higher. In terms of the type of employment, the results showed that 53.9% of the respondents have formal employment, 42% have contractual employment and the rest have contractual employment.Also, the result of the T-Tech exam indicates the performance of the Islamic Council in terms of policies in the field of urban planning and architecture at a level of less than 0.05. In the field of urban planning, the best performance of the Islamic Council was related to the index of consulting and exercising legal supervision over the deputy of urban planning and its affiliated units with a value of 0.803, and in the field of architecture, the index of consulting and approving regulations and approvals in the field of architecture was with a value of 3.705.Conclusion:The findings of the research showed that to evaluate the urban policies of the Islamic Council of Shiraz from the perspective of sustainable development, it is possible to use the Hogwood and Gann (1984) stage model consisting of 5 dimensions of problem identification, policy formulation, decision making, policy implementation, and policy evaluation. It was found that 19 components were used to measure the aforementioned dimensions according to the opinion of academic and executive experts in the urban area. Also, the results showed that at a significance level of 5%, 5 dimensions and 19 components related to them cannot be rejected. The ranking of the dimensions and components also indicated that among the dimensions that shape the evaluation of urban policies with emphasis on sustainable development, the highest rank is related to problem diagnosis and among the components that shape the evaluation of urban policies with emphasis on sustainable development, the highest ranks were respectively related to the components of the amount of delegation of power and resources to the members of the Islamic Council of the city and attention to urban diplomacy. The final result indicates the average policy situation of Shiraz Islamic Council. In this context, their policies and performance in the field of urban planning and architecture have also been significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - An overview of urban planning experiences in Kuala Lumpur with emphasis on wayfinding
Shima Abedi Elham Honarmand -
Open Access Article
27 - A Contrastive Analysis of Urban Resilience Theories in Urban Planning and Urban Design
sanaz saeidi mofrad mojdeh bastani -
Open Access Article
28 - Participatory Planning; Providing Conceptual Model of Factors Affecting Children's Participation in Urban Planning
Hadi Sarvari -
Open Access Article
29 - Adaptive policy making with emphasis on ecological city; A case study of Zayandeh Rood river
anis yazdanpanah abdolmalaki Gholamreza Latifi Hanieh Al- saeidiThe purpose of this research is to investigate urban planning policies in order to strengthen ecological networks and to use an integrated approach for planning, designing and managing the environment of Zayandeh Rood River. The research method is descriptive-analytical MoreThe purpose of this research is to investigate urban planning policies in order to strengthen ecological networks and to use an integrated approach for planning, designing and managing the environment of Zayandeh Rood River. The research method is descriptive-analytical. Data collection was done in the form of documentary and library studies. And while explaining the role and position of rivers as a paradigm of natural features, direct observation methods and visual inspection methods were used in field studies as well as GIS maps of Isfahan city. And all the main policies and variables of river protection were identified. And at the end, all the policies adapted from global and national experiences, extraterrestrial plans, etc., according to the opinions of experts and city managers, were valued and prioritized using the Delphi technique. And the realizable and specific strategies of Zayandeh Rood River were presented at different national, regional and urban scales. The findings showed; The complication of partiality in the performance of executive bodies has added to the problems of Zayandeh Rood. The existence of some management inconsistencies, especially in the Zayandeh Rood catchment area, has made it impossible to create a long-term solution to create stability in it. Explaining and establishing a single management and functional system in this watershed can be one of the important goals of water resources control policies in the coming years for this watershed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Investigating the distribution of administrative centers in Ardabil with the principles of passive defense
Saleh Peydayesh hosin nazmfar Mohammad Taghi MasomiThe historical study of cities shows a kind of defensive perspective in the context and construction of cities. Even today, in most countries of the world, despite the changes Basically in war patterns, the issue of defense against aggression and hostile actions has a s MoreThe historical study of cities shows a kind of defensive perspective in the context and construction of cities. Even today, in most countries of the world, despite the changes Basically in war patterns, the issue of defense against aggression and hostile actions has a special place in the heart of urban and regional planning. Passive defense refers to a set of measures that do not require the use of weapons and its implementation will reduce human casualties and financial damage to vital and sensitive equipment and facilities, and by using it can be in case of threats and attacks and damage. And damage, immediately rebuild or replace forces and facilities and continue services. The main purpose of this study is to study the field of Ardabil administrative centers with the principles of passive defense against threats and for this purpose to study the historical geography of Ardabil from defense and security aspects and defense considerations for the city in the past. Passive defense measures in the history of civilization in Ardabil have been studied. The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical; One of the most important tools for data collection is the study and field study of the distribution of sensitive and important offices and centers and their distribution in the GIS environment is examined. The current situation of the city in terms of distribution of offices, important centers and Sensitive has been studied by preparing GIS maps for Ardabil city and finally a practical solution has been presented in observing the principles of passive defense in Ardabil urban planning Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Explaining the land-use analysis model for Peri-Urban areas planning
Mehran RafieiPeri-urban area, which is sometimes referred to as an urban fringe, can overcome the urban form and spatial planning challenges of the 21st century. In industrial or post-industrial countries, peri-urban are the realm of economic, social and spatial structure changes, w MorePeri-urban area, which is sometimes referred to as an urban fringe, can overcome the urban form and spatial planning challenges of the 21st century. In industrial or post-industrial countries, peri-urban are the realm of economic, social and spatial structure changes, while in newly industrialized countries and most developing countries, it is often a chaotic urban area that causes dispersal and uncoordinated urban development. Knowing and analyzing land use planning for these areas can lead to better management of these areas. The present research aims to identify and analyze these factors for peri-urban areas within a radius of 8 km between Tehran metropolis and Islamshahr city based on the data and maps of 2020 and based on 3 general categories of land use i.e. urban, agricultural and conservation with Considering the incompatibility between them. The research method is based on the applied and descriptive-analytical approach, which by considering the pattern of analysis of Land-Use Conflict Identification Strategy (LUCIS) and its implementation in the environment (GIS) was able to measure the desirability of the influencing factors of each of the mentioned land uses in the direction of planning. The findings of this research show that the uneven urban dispersion for any reason can have a direct and indirect effect on the formation and stability of peri-urban areas.Based on this, building the capacity for optimal planning is the best idea to respond to the interventions created in the unplanned development process of these areas. We can point to this achievement that peri-urban spaces are generally created spontaneously and unplanned around cities and metropolises need planning and foresight, so as not to destroy the agricultural lands around the cities; Lands with existing protective use should also be taken into consideration and protected so that we can witness a planned urban development in these areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - A National Guideline for Transit-Oriented Development: Challenges and Prospects for the Iranian Edition
Mahta Mirmoghtadaee Mohammad Hamed Abdi -
Open Access Article
33 - Integrating Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation with Urban planning for a Livable city in Tehran
Mojtaba Rafieian Saba Sheikhi -
Open Access Article
34 - A Comparative study on the Role of Energy Efficiency in Urban Planning Instruments of Iran and Germany
Mahta Mirmoghtadaee Ing. Seelig -
Open Access Article
35 - Explanation and analysis of political, social and cultural factors in Parthian urban development
Bahareh Rashti karim yousefjamali naser jadidi Feizollah Boushasb GoushehThe Parthian period is one of the most important periods in the history of urban planning and architecture in Iran. They created a huge transformation in the field of urban planning and architecture. In this long period, the foundations and architecture of Iran are laid MoreThe Parthian period is one of the most important periods in the history of urban planning and architecture in Iran. They created a huge transformation in the field of urban planning and architecture. In this long period, the foundations and architecture of Iran are laid. Because during this period, many cities were built or renovated, and in the next period, this style of urban planning and architecture reached its peak and continued its evolution. From the design of this period, due to the lack of documents, it is one of the darkest historical periods in terms of archaeological studies. Unfortunately, so far, many scattered and sometimes conflicting materials have been written about the urban planning and architecture of this era. With an analytical sociological approach, it has been examined to explain and analyze the Parthian urban planning with a political, consensus and cultural approach, and in terms of its purpose, it is among the researches. It is theoretical and in terms of the nature and method of work, it is placed in the ranks of historical researches and it is organized in a descriptive and analytical method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Analysis of the impact of urbanization growth on land use change in Tehran using system dynamics approach
Leila Nasrolahi Vosta Mohammad Reza JalilvandRapid urbanization has led to changes in land use in urban areas. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of urbanization on land use change in Tehran using systemic thinking in order to gain a better understanding of the consequences of urbanization. MoreRapid urbanization has led to changes in land use in urban areas. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of urbanization on land use change in Tehran using systemic thinking in order to gain a better understanding of the consequences of urbanization. The city is a complex, open, and dynamic system, the study of which requires an interdisciplinary approach. The system dynamics approach provides these requirements to address the city. Therefore, a dynamic model will be designed, which will be quantitatively evaluated using the system dynamics approach. This study showed that with the increase in the population of Tehran, the use of agricultural and open land gradually changed until 1404 and it is predicted that the land used for construction will increase. This is the first study that examines the relationship between the phenomenon of urbanization and land use change in Tehran metropolis and is innovative in this respect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - The city and the corona pandemic; Examining the social and spatial consequences of urban measures related to health
Kasra KetabollahiThe rapid spread of the Covid-19 disease has created a global public health crisis that has been addressed at various local and global scales through social distancing measures and guidelines. This is accompanied by questions about the nature of life and work patterns t MoreThe rapid spread of the Covid-19 disease has created a global public health crisis that has been addressed at various local and global scales through social distancing measures and guidelines. This is accompanied by questions about the nature of life and work patterns through the intensive use of information and telecommunication technologies, leading to social and institutional acceptance of these patterns as the "new normal".In terms of methodology, the discussion is based on a transdisciplinary framework that is used for conceptual analysis and operationalized by identifying and discussing the concepts of design and planning.This article emphasizes the following: a) Issues related to urban dynamics are drawn from the perspective of urban and human geography, urban design and planning, and transportation engineering. b) The questions related to socio-spatial concepts and the dialectic of urban space/urban life come from the field of environmental psychology.and c) discussions of new environments that accommodate new lifestyles/work go beyond ethnographic and anthropological perspectives. The article concludes with an outlook that outlines key aspects of the synergy needed between architectural and urban education, research and practice, and public health in a virtual and global post-pandemic world.The rapid spread of the Covid-19 disease has created a global public health crisis that has been addressed at various local and global scales through social distancing measures and guidelines. This is accompanied by questions about the nature of life and work patterns through the intensive use of information and telecommunication technologies, leading to social and institutional acceptance of these patterns as the "new normal".In terms of methodology, the discussion is based on a transdisciplinary framework that is used for conceptual analysis and operationalized by identifying and discussing the concepts of design and planning.This article emphasizes the following: a) Issues related to urban dynamics are drawn from the perspective of urban and human geography, urban design and planning, and transportation engineering. b) The questions related to socio-spatial concepts and the dialectic of urban space/urban life come from the field of environmental psychology.and c) discussions of new environments that accommodate new lifestyles/work go beyond ethnographic and anthropological perspectives. The article concludes with an outlook that outlines key aspects of the synergy needed between architectural and urban education, research and practice, and public health in a virtual and global post-pandemic world.The rapid spread of the Covid-19 disease has created a global public health crisis that has been addressed at various local and global scales through social distancing measures and guidelines. This is accompanied by questions about the nature of life and work patterns through the intensive use of information and telecommunication technologies, leading to social and institutional acceptance of these patterns as the "new normal".In terms of methodology, the discussion is based on a transdisciplinary framework that is used for conceptual analysis and operationalized by identifying and discussing the concepts of design and planning.This article emphasizes the following: a) Issues related to urban dynamics are drawn from the perspective of urban and human geography, urban design and planning, and transportation engineering. b) The questions related to socio-spatial concepts and the dialectic of urban space/urban life come from the field of environmental psychology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - The influence of Khajeh Nasir al-Din Tusi's ideas on the architecture and urban planning of the Ilkhanate period
Hannaneh FayyazMoghaddam Lida Balilan.The architecture and urban planning of any nation is a reflection of the thoughts of the people who are influenced by the philosophical thoughts of the thinkers of their era, which will not be possible to understand except by studying the works and the historical period MoreThe architecture and urban planning of any nation is a reflection of the thoughts of the people who are influenced by the philosophical thoughts of the thinkers of their era, which will not be possible to understand except by studying the works and the historical period of their lives. The seventh and eighth centuries AH is the era of flourishing Iranian architecture after the Mongol invasion subsided and the formation of an Il-khanate government. One of the most influential people of this period is Khajeh Nasir al-Din Tusi. This article tries to explain the architectural and urban planning features influenced by these ideas with the aim of carefully studying the artistic and geometric concepts of Khajeh and expressing the ideas originating from his philosophical and theological foundations. This study also seeks to answer questions such as how the impact of his ideas in the architecture of this period by examining the writings and architectural works. The results of this research emphasize the connection between the architecture and urban planning with the philosophical and geometric ideas of him. The type of influence of these ideas is such that Khajeh was able to combine the three issues of politics, science and religion with the help of his position, and in addition to the theoretical use of theological and philosophical ideas in the form of an ideal city, he also directly used from sciences such as mathematics, geometry and astronomy to be effective in the construction and decoration of Il-khanate buildings and linking endowment with urban planning. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Assessment of Healthy City Components in the Face of Pandemic Diseases Case Study: A Comparative Analysis of the Five Areas of Urmia City
Meysam Saket Hasanlouei Shahin Agabgloo Atefe Ghanbari Ali RezaeiExtended AbstractIntroduction The emergence and spread of pandemic diseases on a global scale and in the field of health and hygiene has challenged order, balance, adaptability, coordination, flexibility and resilience in various managerial, economic, social, cultural a MoreExtended AbstractIntroduction The emergence and spread of pandemic diseases on a global scale and in the field of health and hygiene has challenged order, balance, adaptability, coordination, flexibility and resilience in various managerial, economic, social, cultural and behavioral dimensions. And it has plunged the cities and countries of the world into crisis. In the current research, five areas of Urmia city have been selected as a study case. The present research tries to compare the status of the components of a healthy city in the face of pandemic diseases by explaining the principles, concepts and perspectives of a healthy city and evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of urban spaces and the facilities and facilities available in it (with emphasis on Covid-19) in each of the five areas of Urmia city. Therefore, it seeks to answer the following questions.- Which of the proposed components of the healthy city concept is more important and prioritized in terms of quality?- Which of the study areas of the current research is in a favorable situation in terms of the realization of the components of a healthy city and the level of sustainability and desirability in dealing with pandemic diseases?MethodologyThe statistical population and sample size of the research is based on two groups of experts and urban managers and citizens living in the city, which collected the required data by using the questionnaire tool. The resulting data have been implemented for analysis in the quantitative methods and tests of Swara and Cocoso, in order to determine the importance and priority of each of the proposed components and the ranking of research study options.Results and Discussion The findings indicate that the performance components of the institutions and subordinate bodies in the field of health and health and the degree of desirability of job security of the residents have gained the highest and lowest levels of importance and value, respectively. Also, five regions and two cities of Urmia are located in the most favorable and unfavorable environmental conditions, respectively, in relation to the quality levels of the components of the concept of a healthy city.ConclusionIn this section, based on the findings, some targeted and effective proposals and policies are presented.- Emphasis on holding sports and mass gatherings in green and open public spaces- Improving the quality levels of domestic sewage and surface water disposal- Emphasis on planning based on pedestrians- Emphasis on establishing equality and creating justice and balance between settlements- Emphasizing and paying attention to strengthening cooperation and coordination between organizations- Improving the efficiency of the waste collection system- Adopting policies and measures in order to improve the social security situation in the unusual neighborhoods of Region Two by creating coherent changes and developments in different social and physical dimensions.- Emphasis on improving the quality of drinking water- Planning, creating and developing recreational and sports functions- Improving the efficiency of the public transportation system- and - and emphasizing on the safety and legal construction of buildings in order to increase the level of safety against various natural and man-made disasters, as well as improving the environmental condition of the city and urban landscape (visual quality of the city) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Analysis of the level of satisfaction of the citizens of areas 6, 8 and 14 of Isfahan metropolis with the implementation of the rules and regulations of urban planning of the detailed plan
Hamid Ghadiri Modares Mehdi Momeni Hamid SaberiRules and regulations of urban planning are one of the main components of urban settlements. This indicates that the more the implementation of these criteria is observed in the field of construction, the better the bed and body of urban settlements and consequently, ci MoreRules and regulations of urban planning are one of the main components of urban settlements. This indicates that the more the implementation of these criteria is observed in the field of construction, the better the bed and body of urban settlements and consequently, citizens’ satisfaction increases. In the metropolises and cities of our country, Iran, the municipality is the primary reference for the application of urban planning rules and regulations. Therefore, the requirement of municipalities to issue building permits following urban planning criteria has a key role in forming the appropriate body and bed of urban neighborhoods and promoting citizen satisfaction. In this research, by dividing urban planning criteria into ten components: elevation criteria, access and passage criteria, Parking criteria, advance and balcony criteria, land use criteria, façade and urban landscape criteria, adaptation criteria for the disabled, sidewalk criteria, visibility and skylight criteria, area and occupancy criteria; citizens' satisfaction of regions 6, 8, and 14 of Isfahan was evaluated from the implementation of these criteria by a questionnaire in the form of a 5-point Likert scale (very low = 1, low = 2, medium = 3, high = 4, very high = 5). Using one-sample t-test, the results showed that according to the average limit of response 3, the rate of the significance of all variables is less than 0.05 and the level of citizens' satisfaction with the implementation of urban planning rules and regulations in target areas is lower than the normal and it is not in a desirable level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Survey the indicators of the quality of life in the town of Harsin
Ali Shamaei Mahnaz Hoseini Saeed HeidariniaQuality of urban life with various aspects of economic, social, cultural, political, environmental, and numerous other indicators. The evaluation of quality of life in urban management as a means of efficient policies and monitoring of significant importance for urban m MoreQuality of urban life with various aspects of economic, social, cultural, political, environmental, and numerous other indicators. The evaluation of quality of life in urban management as a means of efficient policies and monitoring of significant importance for urban management decision making. The aim of this study was to assess quality of life in the city of Harsin is to enhance the quality of life of residents. In this regard the 10 indicators and 46 sub-indicators used overall, it also analytic study and survey method that utilizes statistical tests of mean responses, T one sample Pearson correlation coefficient was conducted in SPSS software. Data and information needed in two ways and library survey and sample collection is the 253 residents of the city of Harsin. The findings showed that the income index than the other indices is a difficult situation and the best situation is capable citizens Security Index. It also analyzes the relationship between the index of quality of life in the city of Harsin Pearson correlation coefficient showsو Except for the top 5/0 interrelated health and housing indicators, other variables Despite the significance of their interconnections strong connection between the inner self is not. So we can say that the greatest concern of residents on basic needs such as employment hope for the future, funding for basic services. In this regard the creation of the enabling environment for active, balanced and adequate distribution of services and facilities in the inner city officials and urban planners can be effective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Feasibility Evaluation Model of Strategic Planning in Urban Planning in Iran
Gashtaseb Kiani Korosh Afzali Keramatollah ZayyariIt is important to evaluate the feasibility of urban plans before implementing them. The feasibility of urban plans is one of the major challenges of urban planning in Iran. Urban research shows that "urban development" in the world today goes through complex processes MoreIt is important to evaluate the feasibility of urban plans before implementing them. The feasibility of urban plans is one of the major challenges of urban planning in Iran. Urban research shows that "urban development" in the world today goes through complex processes and its main passage goes through the maze of "political economy" and through various ideological approaches. This theory deals with issues of inevitable planning in relation to the power of government, financial resources, and the protection of people or citizens. Because urban planning has been a tool in the hands of the government since the beginning to organize cities with an authoritarian nature, and today, in competition with the private sector, its authority has been reduced day by day. Meanwhile, the people, ie the inhabitants of the cities with the urban society, often observe the domination of capital over the cities, and their protest reaches nowhere. This research has used a descriptive method, an initial survey, and structured interviews with experts in urban development projects to identify feasibility criteria and indicators to assess the feasibility of strategic planning. Political and environmental factors are also in the next ranks with factor loads of 0.93 and 0.88. Therefore, it can be said that the physical factor has had the greatest impact on the feasibility of strategic plans. Also, the economic factor with a factor load of 0.34 had the least impact. The multidimensional feasibility assessment model presented in this study can be used to increase the possibility of implementing existing strategic urban planning in the future and therefore benefits for the generation have a future in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - The Thought of the Right to the City; A Conceptual and Fundamental Transformation in Urban Struggles to Realize a Good Urban Life Case Study: Comparative Analysis of the Five Regions of Urmia City
Morteza Bakhshi Germi Meysam Saket Hasanlouei Atefe Ghanbari Maryam HeidarifononiToday, the concept of "right to the city" is a reaction to the accelerated process of unbalanced urban development and less thought-out plans of urban planning in order to realize and achieve a livable, dynamic and sustainable city. Making the platform of urban life mor MoreToday, the concept of "right to the city" is a reaction to the accelerated process of unbalanced urban development and less thought-out plans of urban planning in order to realize and achieve a livable, dynamic and sustainable city. Making the platform of urban life more citizen-oriented, urban justice, justice-oriented urban planning and urban democracy are the basic issues of urban planning today, which the right to the city approach realizes them through the application of socio-spatial changes in the city. The current research with a practical-developmental purpose and a descriptive-analytical nature tries to evaluate the degree of realization of the indicators of the right to the city in each of the five regions of Urmia city by adopting a humanitarian background. The methods used in data collection and analysis are the use of indexing and library methods, field identification and interviews (targeted sample size) and the use of copras and shannon entropy techniques in quantitative analysis. The results of the analysis indicate that regions 2 and 4 of Urmia have the highest and lowest levels of compatibility and desirability, respectively. Finally, in order to achieve suitable conditions in the field of urban planning, coherent and purposeful proposals have been presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - The Analysis of Coordinating Urban Planning Programs of Khorramabad with Climatic Conditions Concerning Sustainable Urban Development
mehdi kakolvand Abbas MalekHoseiniOne of the most important challenges in contemporary cities is the identity crisis that is affected by the lack of sense of place, belonging to the place, and attachment to it. In this regard, new towns have been exposed to a lack of identity more than others due to les MoreOne of the most important challenges in contemporary cities is the identity crisis that is affected by the lack of sense of place, belonging to the place, and attachment to it. In this regard, new towns have been exposed to a lack of identity more than others due to less residential background. On the other hand, understanding and analyzing the effective factors of the sense of place in new towns have significant effects on solving the existing issues. For this reason, it is a must to study the current situation of new towns. So, this study aims to compare the sense of place among three new towns around Tehran, namely Pardis (phase 1), Parand (phase 2), and Andisheh (phase 3). The method of this qualitative study is descriptive-analytical based on documental studies and surveys. In this study, reviewing the literature shows that sense of place is a subjective concept that is derived from objective aspects. This sense depends on both individuals who percept it and the characteristics and situation of the place. The data (based on respondents who were residents of case studies by sampling) were analyzed using the TOPSIS technique. The results show that the sense of place in phase 3 in Andisheh new town is more than that in the two others that is because of the higher quality of the physical and spatial environment and also adaptation to standards and principles of urbanism. So, improving the physical and spatial qualities in new towns in particular in the field of various activities (mix land use) that are responding to the daily needs of residents, high quality of infrastructures such as roads, facilities, and equipment, considering to order, harmony and human scale of the space during planning and designing, making the spaces attractive for increasing the presence and high-quality urban furniture can increase a sense of place that leads to identity in these areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - The Evolution of Urban Planning in Iran (A Case Study of Urmia)
mohammad ali pourali javad sharifnejad mirsaeid moosaviAs communities evolve and cities expand, urban planning methods are no longer responsive to the needs and problems of cities and the need to develop them is growing. This research is analytical and has been done using descriptive, comparative methods. Library studies, t MoreAs communities evolve and cities expand, urban planning methods are no longer responsive to the needs and problems of cities and the need to develop them is growing. This research is analytical and has been done using descriptive, comparative methods. Library studies, the Delphi method, observation tools, field studies, and questionnaires were used for data collection. The evaluations showed that the process of urban planning development in the city of Urmia follows the country planning and in terms of diversity and hierarchy of plans, the plans have been prepared at all levels of planning. Although most of the plans follow their upstream, this adherence has shortcomings in some cases. On the other hand, evaluations showed that although urban planning has evolved over the past several decades in the preparation of various programs due to inadequate focus on the needs, issues, and problems of the city, these programs have not been sufficiently effective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Explaining the NBS Model in Urban Planning to Make Urban Areas Resilient
Hossein Shirmohammdi majid shamsCities are facing increasing environmental, social, and economic challenges that threaten urban resilience, urban areas, and residents who live and work there. It has always been exposed to chronic, acute stress and shocks, which are strengthened by the effects of the n MoreCities are facing increasing environmental, social, and economic challenges that threaten urban resilience, urban areas, and residents who live and work there. It has always been exposed to chronic, acute stress and shocks, which are strengthened by the effects of the natural environment, such as climate change, earthquakes, floods, etc. And since the world's population is increasing and it is estimated from 7.7 billion in 2020 to 9.7 billion in 2050, it will face countless other problems and challenges, including the spread of widespread epidemics. In the meantime, urban planning seeks to help urban resilience by changing the approach. Therefore, urban resilience is a concept that is strengthened by urban planning. One of these solutions to increase resilience is a set of measures called nature-based solutions (NBS). These solutions are derived from a systemic approach to strengthen the maintenance, improvement, and restoration of biodiversity and ecosystems in urban areas, and to expand green infrastructure resources, and climate adaptation based on the ecosystem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - An Analysis of the Role of Urban Development Activists in Organizing and Physical-spatial Development Using MACTOR Model (A Case of District 3 of Zanjan)
Majid Hazrati Mohammad Taghi Heydari Jafar mahdiyounOne of the key determinants for the success of urban development plans and programs lies in the coordination among organizations and actors involved in urban development. Centralization or the proliferation of managing organizations and institutions in a city can lead t MoreOne of the key determinants for the success of urban development plans and programs lies in the coordination among organizations and actors involved in urban development. Centralization or the proliferation of managing organizations and institutions in a city can lead to confusion, resource wastage, and the failure to formulate and execute urban development plans. This article employs a descriptive-analytical method to scrutinize the role of activists in urban development projects, particularly in organizing and enhancing physical-spatial development in Region 3 of Zanjan. The data were collected through a combination of field and library studies, with a statistical population selected through the snowball sampling method, totaling 30 individuals. For data analysis, the study utilizes factor analysis tests, structural equation models, and multi-subject-multiplayer models with the assistance of SPSS, Smart PLS, and Mactor software. The findings highlight that indicators such as "favorable urban development pattern" (coefficient: 0.824), "Pollution" (coefficient: 0.833), "Tourism Development" (coefficient: 0.837), and "Strengthening security" (coefficient: 0.829) exhibit the highest relationship and correlation with the preparation and implementation of urban development plans. Furthermore, activists have the most substantial impact on social structure (impact factor: 0.801) and environmental structure (coefficient: 0.592). Notably, the municipality establishes a direct relationship with the Department of Roads and Urban Development and consulting engineers in formulating and executing urban plans, while local institutions and citizens receive relatively less attention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Sustainable Urban Landscape Designing based on Public Participation in Modern Metropolitan Management (A Case of Rudaki Area in the 11th District of Tehran)
IMAN DORODI mohammad reza zandmoghadam zeinab karkehabadi Undoubtedly, confronted with an immense volume of data and information, and recognizing time as the paramount capital in modern city administrations, the imperative is clear: embracing new technologies becomes unavoidable. In the realm of participatory decision-m More Undoubtedly, confronted with an immense volume of data and information, and recognizing time as the paramount capital in modern city administrations, the imperative is clear: embracing new technologies becomes unavoidable. In the realm of participatory decision-making, the utilization of virtual environmental systems offers a practical avenue. These systems enable the selection of viable and fitting solutions through the evaluation of simulated ideas, thereby averting erroneous decisions. The principal objective of this research is to usher in a novel perspective within Iran's urban planning, wherein the precedence of landscape design hinges on the attainment of a sustainable urban landscape, emphasizing the active involvement of local residents in the design process.In this article, the snowball sampling method is employed. The significant components of collaborative urban development and collaborative virtual environments were discerned and analyzed using the Delphi method. Factors with lesser impact on the research model were identified through expert opinions, resulting in the formulation of a conceptual model based on both existing models and responses from a questionnaire. In crafting this conceptual model, expert opinions were amalgamated through the brainstorming method, facilitating the derivation of a suitable model using the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method. Following this approach, a sustainable urban landscape system can be envisioned for the Rudaki area, leveraging its substantial potential in historical and cultural identity. This process, rooted in network analysis, not only offers a valuable output for decision-making but also serves as a foundation for designing a sustainable urban landscape system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Investigating the Concept of “Praxis” in Reducing the Gap between Theory and Practice: The Need to Develop “Soft / Political” Skills along with “Hard / Technical” Skills based on Modern Urban Planning Education
Farshad Noorian Mohsen EsmaeiliThe increasing gap between theory and practice has emerged as a major challenge in the field of urban planning education over the past two decades. Planning literature has approached this gap from a political perspective, identifying the neglect of political contexts an MoreThe increasing gap between theory and practice has emerged as a major challenge in the field of urban planning education over the past two decades. Planning literature has approached this gap from a political perspective, identifying the neglect of political contexts and power relations by technical planners as the main cause. This article aims to address the skill requirements of planning theories, explore new approaches to planning education in leading universities worldwide, and present strategies for developing new skills within the master’s program in Iran. To achieve these objectives, data were collected through library studies, questionnaires, and structured interviews conducted with practitioners and academicians. The collected data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The results demonstrate that acquiring “soft skills” such as negotiation, mediation, facilitation, and conflict management, in addition to “hard skills” or planning techniques, can effectively reduce the theory-practice gap. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Studying relationship between inefficient social structure by more destruction of somatic elements with approach of stable development in broken-down texture of Tabriz (case study of regions Ghoshkhane ,Ahmadabad ,Molazynal and Khalilabad)
fereshteh babaoghli mirsaeed moosavi alireza soltanicity as a human environment is under serious threats and this problemy is because of increasing importance of stable development of considerations in stable general policies. The main aim of this thesis is distinguishing effective and key parameters, then offer strategi Morecity as a human environment is under serious threats and this problemy is because of increasing importance of stable development of considerations in stable general policies. The main aim of this thesis is distinguishing effective and key parameters, then offer strategies to create urban sustainable pattern and urban development. Therefore, in target regions an analysis performed in order to extract proper indexes for evaluate sustainability and environment quality by using questionnaire, then for sample content we used Cochran Formula, after that descriptive statistical analysis has carried on, socio-economical and physical data analyzed by SPSS and SWOT techniques, finally we concluded that physical indexes has the most effect but social indexes are in acceptable and quite often satisfactory level. It can be stated that physical problems such as old buildings, nonconformity of criteria in constructions, all cause negative effects from this index. On the other hand family relationships between residents, existence of ethnic origins, communications and the memories about previous generations who lived in those areas usually led to an emotional dependency to area that Justifies desirability of social indexes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - The Structure of Urban Planning System in the Context of Social Harm (Zemiology)
JAVAD AZAM SADEGHI Abbas Sheikholeslami hamidreza mirzajaniThe theory of Zemiology (social harm) goes beyond the discourse of "crime" and "criminals" to study the significant physical, mental, and economic harms resulting from structures. It provides solutions for reforming and changing the criminal justice system and preventiv MoreThe theory of Zemiology (social harm) goes beyond the discourse of "crime" and "criminals" to study the significant physical, mental, and economic harms resulting from structures. It provides solutions for reforming and changing the criminal justice system and preventive measures based on structural reform. Despite the majority of the country's population living in cities and the effects of harm in the urban planning domain, research on the structure of the urban planning system, including urban planning and management systems, from the perspective of social harm has not been observed. In this study, the structure of the urban planning domain has been examined using a descriptive-analytical method. The structure is based on organizational conflicts of interest placing the urban planning system at a crossroads between combating violations or generating revenue from these areas, leading to the approval of urban development plans that are the source of many violations resulting in harm to the urban planning domain, the reactive approach of legal bodies and relevant authorities in combating violations and crimes in the urban planning domain, absence of preventive mechanisms for under-construction and operational buildings are among the most significant structural causes in urban planning systems that have led to the creation and increase of harmful factors such as marginalization, construction and persistence of unsafe and non-standard buildings, air pollution in cities, and an increase in damages and casualties resulting from earthquakes, floods, fires, etc., in cities. Reducing harm from the urban planning domain requires reforming the structure of this domain, and in this study, some of the most important reforms Various strategies have been explained and suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Examining Two Decades of Intervention Approaches and Policies in Tehran's Dilapidated Urban Landscape Using Grounded Theory
Rama Ghalambordezfooly Maryam Hoseiny MoghadamNowadays, the vulnerability of cities, especially old structures, to natural disasters such as earthquakes has become a global issue for experts in various fields. This issue has become more acute in recent decades for countries like Iran, which have natural and risky s MoreNowadays, the vulnerability of cities, especially old structures, to natural disasters such as earthquakes has become a global issue for experts in various fields. This issue has become more acute in recent decades for countries like Iran, which have natural and risky structures. The main question arises: which approaches and policies have been evaluated as successful in revitalizing worn-out and inefficient urban areas? Furthermore, what is the optimal policy for intervening in the renovation of Tehran's worn-out urban fabric? This research aims to determine the optimal policy and approach for intervening in Tehran's dilapidated urban areas based on experiences, with three sub-goals. The first sub-goal is to describe the indicators and criteria of the approaches and policies used in two decades of intervention in Tehran's dilapidated urban areas, including economic, physical, social, environmental dimensions, and significant thoughts and events. The second sub-goal involves explaining the indicators and criteria of the approaches and policies used in two decades of intervention, expanding upon the dimensions covered in the first sub-goal. Finally, the third sub-goal aims to elucidate the differences between the approaches and policies implemented in two decades of intervention in Tehran's dilapidated urban areas. The research method employed is descriptive-analytical, with grounded theory utilized throughout. This approach led to the formulation of a contextual theory for two decades of intervention in Tehran's dilapidated urban areas, comprising four causal conditions: background, continuity, and consequences. Each of these conditions includes subgroups that have direct or indirect effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Evaluation of Physical-Spatial Structure of Iranian Cities from Point Of View of Modernism and Postmodernism (Case Study: Tehran Metropolis)
Yousef Zeinolabedin Nobakht Sobhani Faranak Saeidifard Majid AkbariInvestigating stages of physical growth and development in the cities of the world indicates the effect of two paradigms of modernism and postmodernism on the organization and spatial structure of cities. So that the effects of these two paradigms have led to the develo MoreInvestigating stages of physical growth and development in the cities of the world indicates the effect of two paradigms of modernism and postmodernism on the organization and spatial structure of cities. So that the effects of these two paradigms have led to the development of cities, the establishment and development of communication networks and highways, the creation of satellite towns and suburbs , and the greatest impact on the spatial and physical area of cities. Modernism and the effect of that modernity have had fundamental effects on the social, political, economic, cultural and physical spheres and most of all targeting the transformation of the urban community, including the city's physical-spatial dimensions, also they have greatly changed the concepts of urban culture. On the other hand, postmodernism has also had an impact on the spatial structure of city in terms of economic, social, political and methodological issues. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the spatial structure of Tehran metropolis from the perspective of modernism and postmodernism. The methodology of this research is descriptive-analytic and data collection is based on library and documentary studies. The results show that in modernism, components such as the physical viewpoint and single-dimensional urbanization, the creation of space spheres such as the creation of highways, air networks and architecture and high-rise construction and beady, respectively, were in the first to third positions, also in postmodernism components such as the mixed use and the diversity of housing construction, the existence of the principle of choice in the structure of city, and the average density and combined use of the combination, played a role in the first to third positions in terms of influencing the spatial structure on Tehran metropolis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Comparative Analysis of the Learnings of the Safavid Period Urban Planning System in Iran with the Renaissance Urban Planning System in Europe
Ali Alimoradi Hassan Ahmadi Vahid GhobadianThe Safavid period due to security and economic prosperity, providing a suitable ground for enhancement of the Islamic - Iranian culture. This contributed to the distinction of the Iranian-Islamic art especially the architecture and urban planning of Safavid era compare MoreThe Safavid period due to security and economic prosperity, providing a suitable ground for enhancement of the Islamic - Iranian culture. This contributed to the distinction of the Iranian-Islamic art especially the architecture and urban planning of Safavid era compared to other periods in Iran. The Renaissance urban planning system is also rooted in the school of human primacy which inspired the design at all levels of architecture until urban spaces. The purpose of research is to compare the teachings of urban Safavid and Renaissance periods and to identify the effective elements in the physical of the city. Therefore, the present study has been used on the nature of the subject combination of historical, comparative analysis and phenomenology. The data collection tool is library method. The analysis of the data in a qualitative manner. The findings of research show that the ideal city of the Safavid period and Renaissance has been influenced by the kind of worldview they are observing. The physical crystallization of urban spaces has emerged in a process of historical and natural transformation. Therefore, the conclusion is that the city is a spatial temporal phenomenon which is every part of history can transform its quantitative changes with the qualitative changes required by its age and place concept of place and time in line with each other. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - The role of traffic calming in the planning of child friendly and human-oriented cities (Case study: Zanjan)
Saeid Amanpour Samira Moradi Mofrad Akbar HossienzadehWith the rapid growth of urbanization, children's health is one of the most important problems in many countries, which it is mentioned one of the main reasons for the lack of a child friendly environment in the city. Creating a child friendly city, including the alloca MoreWith the rapid growth of urbanization, children's health is one of the most important problems in many countries, which it is mentioned one of the main reasons for the lack of a child friendly environment in the city. Creating a child friendly city, including the allocation of infrastructure and public facilities (green space, playground, and participatory spaces) is in the interest of children. The purpose of this research is to identify child-friendly spaces to separate urban neighborhoods of Zanjan is based on safety. The method to be applied and the nature of descriptive and analytic that the data collection tools including library studies and documents have benefited. To analyze the data and results of GIS is used. The results suggest that neighborhoods such as Baharestan,Amir Kabir, Zibashahr and Arrazy Payyn, Due to Local Street blocked (deadlock) in the end, Space For the circulation of vehicles As well as of children's games Percent lower accident And also more children from the streets as their playground. In contrast to these areas, Islamabad district with network chess the highest percentage of accidents on the Streets of the local is allocated. This is due to the high population density, the neighborhood. The occupation and sovereignty of the low income class, they continue to use the streets as the main game space for children which require attention and review is essential. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - An Analysis of the Potential Abilities of Branding of Bandranzli, with an Emphasis on the Physical and Spatial Components, from the perspective of the mental images of the local stockholders of the brand locator
Arian Minaei Hamid majedi ZahraSadat ZarAbadiThe leading research in the descriptive-analytical method, along with library and field studies, is an attempt to measure the potential capacity of branding of Bandar Anzali from the perspective of an external audience of a potential spot brand. In support of the first MoreThe leading research in the descriptive-analytical method, along with library and field studies, is an attempt to measure the potential capacity of branding of Bandar Anzali from the perspective of an external audience of a potential spot brand. In support of the first hypothesis of this study, based on the Friedman test with the calculated X2 statistic (73.435), and with a degree of freedom, 4, with 95% confidence, we concluded that the capacities and capabilities of the Antarctic, from the perspective of the mental images of the external audience, Becoming a branding city process. In the second hypothesis of this study, we also concluded that the elemental and spatial elements of Antarctica, in terms of the reminder of the name of Antarctica, do not have the same effects in the mental images of the external audience. Therefore, their effects will not be the same in the process of branding. Testing the second hypothesis by the topsis method has shown that natural elements or artifacts associated with seas and lagoons are the most important physical and spatial components that shaped the imagery of the potential audience of the Bandar Anzali brand from the city's name. Also, the competitive identity of an Anbar brand is consistent with three macroeconomic activities with the priorities of "Commercial and Maritime Transportation", "Tourism" and "Fishing and Fishing Industries" to compete with other urban brands. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Preparation of Planning and Design Framework of Urban Public Spaces Development (Case Study: Tabriz City)
Masoud Topchi Khosroshahi Arash Saghafi Asl daryuosh sattarzadeh Hassan Sattari Sarbangholi Introduction: Nowadays, proper design and management of urban public spaces due to their effective role in various dimensions of economic, social, mental-physical health, vitality and generally improving the quality of life has become a basic necessity in urban de More Introduction: Nowadays, proper design and management of urban public spaces due to their effective role in various dimensions of economic, social, mental-physical health, vitality and generally improving the quality of life has become a basic necessity in urban development planning.Research Aim: The purpose of this study is to identify the effective criteria for planning and design on the development of public spaces Tabriz city and to prepare a standard framework.Methodology: The research method in the present study is applied-development and the method of collecting survey information and questioning managers, officials and experts on urban issues as well as academic elites. It is noteworthy that due to the uncertainty of the size of the statistical population, using the targeted Delphi sampling method, 100 people have been determined as the sample size, which is based on the snowball method. Also has been used to analyze the research information of structural equation modeling in Amos software.Studied Areas: Public urban spaces of Tabriz in different species and its 10 regions are the geographical area of the present study.Results: Findings indicate that the greatest impact on the development of public spaces in Tabriz city is related to the components of attention to content of plans and programs in planning and proper functional design of public spaces with a value of 0.92 and 0.78, respectively. Also between sub-variables, thematics and detailed study of variables affecting the promotion of public spaces; Appropriate coherence and relationship between the components and elements of public space planning in different social, physical, environmental and functional dimensions; Universality and design based on age and gender groups; And the ability of personalization (sense of spatial belonging) with the values of 0.91, 0.87, 0.84 and 0.83, respectively, have the greatest impact on the development of public spaces in the city.Conclusion: Unfortunately, in Tabriz and other cities of Iran, paying attention to improving the quality of public spaces has an inappropriate planning approach and the content of plans and programs, the planning process and the implementation of plans and programs should be fundamentally reviewed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - An analysis of urban land development using Multi-Criteria Decision Model (MCDA) and GIS (A case study of Babolsar city)
sedigheh lotfi kioumars habibiThe unplanned physical expansion of cities is one of the most important problems of urban management in developing countries. Iran, like other developing world has experienced a high level of urbanization growth which transformed the physical fabric of urban areas. Nort MoreThe unplanned physical expansion of cities is one of the most important problems of urban management in developing countries. Iran, like other developing world has experienced a high level of urbanization growth which transformed the physical fabric of urban areas. North of Iran is one of most rapid growing region of the country where the moderate climate and a tourism based economy encouraged many developers to investigate in housing sector. So, the primary outcome of such process was the out-growth of the city boundaries in the region. This research attempts to present an appropriate model for urban physical development. The study is based on the different parameters such as environmental and socio-economic factors to provide a good understanding of the city behavior in its geographical setting. Through applying the Multi-Criteria Decision Model (MCDA) and GIS, the most appropriate area will be introduced for near future development. The results revealed that the integrated GIS and MCDA model has many potentials which allow the planner or user investigate the final decision for site selection for future urban physical development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Analysis of the Development Planning Sardasht With strategic approach City development Strategy (CDS)
ali shamaee avat abdollahi mohsen yousefiCity development strategy (CDS) process to determine the long-term vision of development. In this study, in addition to physical approach to strengthen the city's economy, protect the environment, improve the structure of the city has also emphasized And short-term plan MoreCity development strategy (CDS) process to determine the long-term vision of development. In this study, in addition to physical approach to strengthen the city's economy, protect the environment, improve the structure of the city has also emphasized And short-term plans to achieve the operational objectives of the program is determined. Public participation, City planners and managers at all stages of preparation, implementation and monitoring of standards realization of this strategy. Sardasht of the cities that govern the planning approach, top-down approach that public participation in urban development is weak. The aim of this study is to understand the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in accordance with the above approach. Analytical method using SWOT model to provide appropriate strategies. In the study, the main factors affecting the development of the city by urban experts and citizens were identified using a questionnaire and after the appraisal and SWOT matrix and weighting factors are given appropriate strategies. The results of the evaluation showed that the most appropriate development strategy Sardasht SO (strategy development) with active participation of the people Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Surveying and Analyzing of Educational Centers Geographical Distribution, in 15th District of Tehran by GIS Softwares
Rahim Sarvar Mahdi NaderifarSupply of public services in many of third-word megalopolises and developing countries is incomplete and undesired so that, reasons of this problem should be searched in the several factors such as, disproportional distribution, the lack attention to population threshol MoreSupply of public services in many of third-word megalopolises and developing countries is incomplete and undesired so that, reasons of this problem should be searched in the several factors such as, disproportional distribution, the lack attention to population thresholds, high concentration of population and so additive demand of services use, lack of suitable land and etc, meantime educational centers as one of the most supreme services is not excepted from this problem.Tehran as one of a megalopolis of developing countries, in services exposal in various fields is involved insufficiencies that it is because of lack or disproportional spatial distribution of educational centers and 15thdistrict as a part of this frame, involved the same problems.The goal of this research is analysis of educational centers distribution method by GIS softwares, whether separately or to communication with other land uses with attention to mentioned standards in urban planning and education sources.Research results indicates that many of these centers in 15th district area with a view compatibility, desirability and capability are in suitable condition relatively but this centers distribution in ever division of districtis not suitable connected with deserving to be educated people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Localization of Urban Planning Process with Knowledge Based Urbanism Approach Case Study: Urmia City
Meysam Saket Hasanlouei Hiva Asadi Shahin Agabegloo Atefe GhanbariDuring the last few decades, the concept of knowledge-based city has been proposed as one of the most important concepts in the field of urban planning. The present research, with a practical and developmental purpose and using descriptive-analytical method, tries to pr MoreDuring the last few decades, the concept of knowledge-based city has been proposed as one of the most important concepts in the field of urban planning. The present research, with a practical and developmental purpose and using descriptive-analytical method, tries to present a policy through evaluating the localization capability of urban planning indicators in Urmia city and determining the level of desirability of knowledge-based city indicators. coherent strategies to realize the dimensions of sustainable development and achieve a knowledge-based city. In order to analyze the research data, one-sample t-test was used in SPSS software to measure the localization capability of urban planning dimensions in Urmia city, and in order to check the correlation and factor load of each of the program indicators. Urban planning has benefited from confirmatory factor analysis by PLS Smart software. Also, by using the Swara technique, it has been evaluated and analyzed the level of desirability and preference of the indicators of the knowledge-based city. The results of the research indicate that each of the economic, social, physical, environmental and management aspects of urban planning can be localized in Urmia city. Also, in some aspects, the situation of Urmia is inconsistent in terms of the degree of realization of knowledge-based city policies, and in order to improve the current situation and the realization of the desired goals, proposals have been made in different dimensions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Sociological study of urban planning of women's reproduction with regard to its long-term development in Tehran
zahra azizabadifarahani@gmail.com sasan vadiea zahra hazratiUrban planning for women can be thought of as a proxy for individual planning reminding forgotten right and the silent voice of women in the city. Urban space planning for women draws its original idea from feminist ideas. in this regard, the present study aims to evalu MoreUrban planning for women can be thought of as a proxy for individual planning reminding forgotten right and the silent voice of women in the city. Urban space planning for women draws its original idea from feminist ideas. in this regard, the present study aims to evaluate urban planning with the approach of women to develop sustainable development pattern in tehran. the method of this research is descriptive - survey in terms of the research approach. statistical population in this study is all women in tehran city. The population estimate is about one hundred thousand people. in the sampling method, systematic random sampling of 384 women of tehran city was determined as a statistical sample. to collect data through questionnaire and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied to test the normal distribution of the main variables. the results indicate that women in planning for sustainable development in social - economic approach , resource approach planning of sustainable development plan of tehran is not very important . the results also showed that urban security is important for sustainable development , but women 's status in sustainable development in tehran isweak Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - The Context of Time in the Philosophical Discourses of Contemporary Architecture and Urban Planning based on the Theory of Space Production
Mozhdeh JamshidiTime and space have been central issues in legal-philosophical discourses, with each philosophical system offering different views on these concepts. The components of space and time in architecture and urban planning throughout history play a significant role in the em MoreTime and space have been central issues in legal-philosophical discourses, with each philosophical system offering different views on these concepts. The components of space and time in architecture and urban planning throughout history play a significant role in the embodiment and meaning of the human environment. This research aims to identify the temporal context in the production of space by focusing on the components that form the structure of thinking in philosophical-judicial discourses and the rationality governing contemporary architecture and urban planning in Iran. By limiting factors to thinkers and planning processes at the global level, the signs of the context of time in the construction of space are identified. The qualitative and interpretive method of this research uses inductive analysis, focusing on the ideas and works of contemporary thinkers, as well as social trends and movements. The results indicate that the foundations of time in the production of space in contemporary Iran stem from psychology and sociology, and are still at the beginning of shaping dominant ideas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Presenting a suitable model for the provision of housing for the martyr community from the perspective of housing sustainability indicators - a case study of the Nasirshahr Project of the Martyr Foundation and the Affairs of the Martyrs
Mohsen Ghasempour Shalmani Hossein Dehghani podeh Rahim SarvarHousing as a shelter for residents' immunity, peace, health and vitality is the best way of investment and an integral element of the people's economy, which causes family stability and solidarity, reducing problems such as delinquency, divorce, social disintegration, s MoreHousing as a shelter for residents' immunity, peace, health and vitality is the best way of investment and an integral element of the people's economy, which causes family stability and solidarity, reducing problems such as delinquency, divorce, social disintegration, street sleeping, slum living and begging. So much so that the right to have a suitable housing is included as part of the right to standard of living in many international human rights documents. The increasing growth of urbanization has created new and special problems in people's lives and relationships. One of the major problems is housing. The cities of the developing countries are facing unfavorable conditions from the point of view of urban planning, so that Hall and Pfeifer describe its perspective by posing a question, whether in the cities of the developing world, approaches of Urban planning was achieved and through it there was hope to increase the income and improve the environmental conditions of all citizens? According to the presented materials, the general purpose of the research is to provide a suitable model of providing housing for the sacrifice society from the perspective of housing sustainability indicators (case study: Nasirshahr Project of the Martyrs Foundation and Affairs). The aspect of being new and innovative in the research in terms of providing a suitable housing supply model for the self-sacrificing society, which is a new discussion and strategy emphasized by the governor of the province, also in terms of the lack of specific research obstacles with this research method in terms of providing a housing supply model It is considered suitable for the self-sacrificing society as a new research and the special innovation is to provide a suitable model for providing housing for the self-sacrificing society at the level of the country Manuscript profile
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