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Open Access Article
1 - Infrastructural factors affecting the future management and development of Iran"s garment industry
Hossein Vazifehdust Hamid Reza saeednia فروزنده عظیمیThis article seeks to identify and enumerate the effective infrastructural factors in the future management and development of Iran's clothing industry. Qualitatively-quantitatively located; In this way, in the first stage, using the qualitative method"Data Foundation"; MoreThis article seeks to identify and enumerate the effective infrastructural factors in the future management and development of Iran's clothing industry. Qualitatively-quantitatively located; In this way, in the first stage, using the qualitative method"Data Foundation"; With the help of Mexico City software, the underlying factors of the Iranian clothing industry were identified and then evaluated by quantitative interpretive structural modeling using LISREL software. In terms of time horizonData collection is one-section - from June 1398 to October 1399 - and the time horizon of the analysis is 5 years until 1404 solar. Data collection was used by both documentary methods (with fish-taking tools) and field (interview). The statistical population of this study was 19 elites, experts and related scientific and practical managers. The snowball continued until it reached theoretical saturation.Finally, the three components and 22 sub-components were prioritized, respectively: a) Reform of existing structures B) Completing the clothing industry chain: C) Promoting behavioral patterns: Keywords: Infrastructure, Garment industry, Textile, Future management, Development Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - A Study Virtual Universities to Develop an Appropriate Model for Higher Education System in Iran
نادر قلی Ghorechian پریوش JaafariNowadays information and communication technology (ICT) has transformed many aspects of our social life. One of these current transformations in educa MoreNowadays information and communication technology (ICT) has transformed many aspects of our social life. One of these current transformations in educational environment is emerging virtual universities . Virtual university is an educational setting that has removed the barriers of time and distance by the power of information and communication technology (ICT) and has facilitated and accelerated access to educational opportunities according to learner’s time and style preferences . The main objective of this study was to develop a model for establishing virtual university in Iran. To do this and to clarify theoretical and conceptual dimensions of virtual university . this study has analyzed virtual universities as fourth and fifth generation of distance education . The components were extracted by reviewing the relevant literature and comparative study and the proposed model consisted of eleven components ( philosophy & goal ; theoretical foundations ; technology infrastructure ; human infrastructure ; pedagogical infrastructure ; cultural/ social/ value infrastructure ; economic infrastructure ; management and leadership infrastructure ; administration and support system infrastructure ; and implementation stages ) was developed . A questionnaire was used to determine the appropriateness of the model . The experts approved the model with an average of 4.32 out 5 . Furthermore , the faculty member’s and administrators skills , attitudes and opinions regarding to establishing virtual university have been investigated . At the end , some recommendations were made implement the model or conducting similar research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Investigating the Barriers of Electronic Bussiness Development (Case Study: In Zanjan Province Enterprises)
A. Memarnejad J. HajialiakbariNowadays the application of the e-commerce solutions for the enterprises is an important andunavoidable note, and if those enterprises do not consider it this will tend to declining in beneficiaryand omitting them of contest consequently, one of the most important and u MoreNowadays the application of the e-commerce solutions for the enterprises is an important andunavoidable note, and if those enterprises do not consider it this will tend to declining in beneficiaryand omitting them of contest consequently, one of the most important and useful strategy measures ofenterprises is planning concerned with the application of these solutions, also detecting the barriers totheir application and introducing some suggestions for deleting them.The purpose of this study is detect and investigate the barriers to electronic business development inZanjan enterprises, prioritizing the detected barriers and providing and providing research suggestionsfor removing them.In this study, the mentioned barriers were analyzed in terms of six fallowing categories as: cultural,infrastructure, legal, managing, humanity and economic ones. These categories were also subdividedand categorized in to 36 secondary factors.As the whole statistic population has been studied, so the descriptive statistic was used for studyingthe research questions and its advantage was considered as a practical research approach.The tool for data collecting was questionnaire which given to 170 enterprises for collecting differentideas and rating (The questionnaire verified in terms of validity and reliability).The results show that the priorities given to the main barriers are as follow respectively: legal, cultural,managing, infrastructure related humanity and economic barriers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Future of Media Management & The Management of Future Media
Ali-Akbar Farhangi Ataollah AbtahiPreface and the aim of research: this research has an obvious question: “how will be the future ofmedia management” which can be more cleared by another question: “How will be the managementof future media”, why current media constantly alternati MorePreface and the aim of research: this research has an obvious question: “how will be the future ofmedia management” which can be more cleared by another question: “How will be the managementof future media”, why current media constantly alternating what seems to have taken on thetraditional media which have become part of history. And these two questions immediately willchallenge us with this thought that “Future media, themself how would be”. Afterwards withcontemplation on this notion as well as through the enterprise architecture will figure out that "thishow" will be including “Form, Content and infrastructure”.In the other hand, modality of future of media management or how will be the management offuture media will have been defined by defining form, content and also infrastructure of futuremedia.Methodology of research: Based on survey Methodology, this study can be classified asdescriptive research and to do it, through library research methodology and Internet, with takingperspectives of approximately 500 specialists in communications, media, Futures Study, and ICTfields, Delphi method was used.Results (Findings): in this research, by redefining media and showing the developing relations ofsocial and public media in addition six stages of “Media transformation”, supplementation oftraditional media with digital dimensions, modality of producing new method by new form andcontent and finally necessity and expectations of the media audiences, it is specified which “There isno possibility of survival for traditional media” and “in next generation of media (future media) anew form and content must be presented”. Also, characteristics of "this new form and content" havebeen provided in "future media".Amongst essential features which were found in this research can be noted “Mandatorycontinuous change and definite destruction of form and content of the current traditional media,becoming "multi-format & hyper" all media products, eliminate of time and place of receive andbroadcast, production and broadcasting on demand, COD & POD ( Cast On Demand and ProduceOn Demand), Accompany or mobility, Interactive, cyber, Cyborg, CybHuOrg, Socializing,Intelligent, and Being Based on Apps, and dozens of other features extracted from "form andcontent".Furthermore, concepts such as PGPC (Private, Governmental, Public, and CooperationalManagement (that it is the structure of future media’s Owning. Architectural Model of Content,Global mobile media / GMM, Social Mass media / SMM, etc.Conclusions: In this study by using different Enterprise Architecture and business models, themost efficient possible model has been suggested and identified which future of media means thefuture of "the form, content, and infrastructure ". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Investigating and Analysis the Role of Quality Management in Constructing Knowledge Management Value Chain in Organization
K. Bahreini M. HoushangiNowadays, with developing and promoting knowledge in organizations, effective management ofknowledge in trend of organizational goals is so important. Constructing infrastructures of knowledgemanagement is crucial for better controlling and monitoring of organizational MoreNowadays, with developing and promoting knowledge in organizations, effective management ofknowledge in trend of organizational goals is so important. Constructing infrastructures of knowledgemanagement is crucial for better controlling and monitoring of organizational knowledge. Knowledgeis a capital that couldn't dominate it simply. For guide employee of organization toward constructingand managing infrastructures of knowledge, it should be provided stimulus factors for them. QualityManagement as a comprehensive management system could has a crucial role in creating provocativefactors for organization's employee. In this article, with the perspective of human resources to qualitymanagement, we want to investigate influences of people-oriented factors of quality management inconstructing knowledge management value chain activities in organization, at three dimensions, thatinclude: Top management leadership and commitment, Plans of promoting competences of employeesand Customer-Oriented.From results of literature review and case study of research, at all of factors in quality management,we concluded that quality management has discernible relation with knowledge management valuechain activities. In analysis of correlation coefficient between variables of quality management andknowledge management value chain activities, the highest coefficient was between customer-orientedin plans of organization and knowledge management value chain activities, and plans of promotingcompetences of employees and Top management leadership and commitment were in later steps.Importance of customer-oriented in plans of organization is notable in constructing infrastructures ofknowledge management. Quality management creates inherent potentials in organization that couldplay prominent role in creating infrastructures of knowledge management in organization. Thisresearch tries to investigate, influences of Quality Management systems in constructing infrastructuresof knowledge management in organization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Assessing the impact of technology infrastructure on the implementation of knowledge management components(Case study: Urmia municipality)
Golamreza Rahimi seed abdollah hojati Mir Hamid SadatiBackground: Knowledge management is one of the most important factors in the success of organizations in a competitive and informal age. Information technology is an important factor in the success of its management by providing efficient and effective tools for knowled MoreBackground: Knowledge management is one of the most important factors in the success of organizations in a competitive and informal age. Information technology is an important factor in the success of its management by providing efficient and effective tools for knowledge management.Objective: To assess the impact of technology infrastructure on the implementation of knowledge management componentsMethod: The research method is descriptive-survey and the sample size is 140 according to the Morgan table. A researcher-made questionnaire and a standard knowledge management questionnaire were used which its content and reliability were estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, correlation, multiple regression and Friedman tests were used to analyze the data.Findings: All components of knowledge management, with the exception of knowledge recognition, have a meaningful relationship with technology infrastructure.Conclusion: Technology is one of the effective factors in the successful implementation of KM in the organization, and its lack of infrastructure such as the Internet, the hardware and software facilities will slow down this process and the implementation of knowledge management in the organization is fails. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Defining a Method for Measuring and Enhancing Urban Resilience to Climate Change based on Landscape Ecology Theories (Case study:Yousef Abad Neighborhood,Tehran)
Elmira Shirgir Mostafa Behzadfar Reza KheyroddinThe growing number of cities in the world face a wide range of hazards, which are affected by factors such as the increased urban population and climate change. Urban development and climate change are closely related and interlinked. Today, the direct and indirect effe MoreThe growing number of cities in the world face a wide range of hazards, which are affected by factors such as the increased urban population and climate change. Urban development and climate change are closely related and interlinked. Today, the direct and indirect effects of climate change can be seen in countries with the lowest effect on global warming and climate change. Cities that are exposed to the risk of climate change are very vulnerable. Climate change is a globally widespread phenomenon. These cities can be said susceptible. In recent years, to cope with the adverse challenges caused by climate change, the concepts of urban ecological resilience, specifically, climate resilience have been introduced. Climate resilience is a type of urban ecological resilience, which is defined as urban resilience to climate change. In this respect, in recent years, two urban resilience concepts have been introduced to reduce these negative effects. Resilience is the ability of a system to absorb the disturbances while maintaining the basic structure in the same way and the functional methods, the capacity for self-organization and the capacity to adapt to stress and change and the capability to build back the system into its condition before a shock or intense change. Adaption to climate change focuses on reducing the vulnerability to these negative changes. Resilience has different aspects, among which climate resilience as a subcategory of urban ecological resilience is considered in this study, which includes the adaptation to and mitigation of the risks and adverse effects of climate. However, urban green infrastructure has various vital functions, including environmental, social, etc. The urban green infrastructure (UGI), according to research, has been effective in reducing the impacts of climate change in cities and enhancing climate resilience. Reviewing existing literature on the urban green infrastructure related to its role in creating urban (climate) resilience, it seems that the features of green infrastructure and which one is effective based on the development, analysis, and evaluation of urban resilience to climate change. These have not been properly addressed so far, and in general, no exact factors have been provided to assess this kind of resilience. It seems that the characteristics of urban green infrastructure can be used as an important factor affecting climate resilience in cities to achieve such factors for assessing the quality of climate resilience. Moreover, the neighborhood scale has not been fully studied in the existing literature. Given the theoretical gap existing in this field, this question arises: "How and based on which features of the green infrastructure can we assess and analyze climate resilience in a city?” To answer this question, landscape ecology principles and the relationship between them and green infrastructure in cities were studied. The relationship was developed in the Yousef Abad neighborhood of Tehran and was qualitatively tested using aerial images, field surveys, and preparation of basic and analytical GIS maps. Finally, ‘effective qualities in assessing climate resilience in cities using UGI based on landscape ecology were obtained. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Infill Development Planning, Methods and Necessites
Seyed Mehdi Fakhrahmad Mohammad Reza Pourjafar Aliakbar TaghvaeeUrban development is a process, objective of which is upgrading quality of life by providing required facilities for a favorite life. Such that a city resident feels pleasure and tranquility as well as hope, in an urban environment. It seems that by studying and recogni MoreUrban development is a process, objective of which is upgrading quality of life by providing required facilities for a favorite life. Such that a city resident feels pleasure and tranquility as well as hope, in an urban environment. It seems that by studying and recognizing recoverable lands inside the developed area like vacant and unused lands, we can take maximum advantages of infill development as well as preventing unplanned and horizontal extension. The main purpose of the present study is explanation of principals, methods and strategies of infill development and efficiency assessment in conduction of this kind of development in Dogonbadan city. Findings of the present research indicate that encouraging infill development and supporting it’s conduction against Greenfield development will have valuable results like decreasing cost of developing and maintenance of urban infrastructures, creation of visual beauty in city spaces by creating connection and adherence of adjacent structures. In addition to, a better delivery of a city services in a centralized way. To achieve our goal in this study, maintenance and developing cost of urban infrastructures in infill and Greenfield development was compared and analyzed in Dogonbadan city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Urban and Architectural Development in Amman Downtown between Natural Disasters and Great Heritage Lose: Case Study
Bassam Abu-Awad Numan Abu-Hammad Ziad Abu-Hamatteh -
Open Access Article
10 - Residents’ Satisfaction with Adequacy of Facilities in Metropolitan Ibadan, Nigeria
S.A. Olatunji S.A. Adeyemi A.O. Yoade -
Open Access Article
11 - Urbanisation and the State of Infrastructure in the Developing World Cities
Taofiki Iyanda Salau -
Open Access Article
12 - Isfahan’s Organic and Planned Form of Urban Greenways in Safavid Period
Morteza Rahbar Mojtaba Ansari -
Open Access Article
13 - Housing the Urban Poor in Nigeria through Community Participation Using Lessons from Nairobi Kenya
Olatunde Folaranmi Adedayo -
Open Access Article
14 - The legal study of public key infrastructure
Dr. Parviz Savaraei Dr. Bagher TaherianfarElectronic certificates service providers, subject to article 31 of Electronic Trade Act, are being established according to the authorization of administrative law of article 32 of the mentioned Act to serve issuing electronic signatures. These offices are going MoreElectronic certificates service providers, subject to article 31 of Electronic Trade Act, are being established according to the authorization of administrative law of article 32 of the mentioned Act to serve issuing electronic signatures. These offices are going to issue electronic signateres on the basis of the public key infrastructure which is in fact organizing secure data exchange in the non-secure internet area. The function of the public key infrastructure is assigned by the inter relation of the parts it is composed of. This article deals with the frame work of the public key infrastructure as a mean of identification, integrity approval and message accuracy in an electronic area especially on internet. The nature and concept of the public key infrastructure, the parts and at the end its technical functions are to be investigated. The results of the research show how that valid electronic signature is formed as a result of technical functions of the public key infrastructure which will consequently lead into user´s growing confidence and guarantees secure network connections and data confidentially in a non-secure electronic area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Developing a model for Iran for Public-Private Partnership as a modern financing method for infrastructure projects
فرشاد هیبتی هاشم نیکومرامImplementing the infrastructural projects has so many degrees of importance and avital role in economic growth and development of the countries. Since governmentsare aimed to give services more efficiently and with higher quality, they are doingrelated works and attempt MoreImplementing the infrastructural projects has so many degrees of importance and avital role in economic growth and development of the countries. Since governmentsare aimed to give services more efficiently and with higher quality, they are doingrelated works and attempts in order to facilitate and accelerate the said projects.Experiences of different countries show that factors such as lack of financialresources, budgetary deficit of the governments for financing big projects and highdemand for investing in these projects have lead countries to do their attempts to fulfilpartnership of the private sector and make suitable competitive climate for theircooperation. These attempts have result in Public-Private Partnership (PPP) andfacilitated the growth and development of the countries. In this study, the relationshipbetween the factors influencing the utilization of PPP in 21 countries during 2000-2008 using panel data method are studied. The results show that countries’ revenue,economic stability, budget deficit and underground sources are the main factorsinfluencing public private partnerships in the studied countries. Finally, the model forpublic private partnerships has been generated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Investigating the relationship between Traffic safety and economic growth in Iran
نادر مهرگان علی اکبر قلیزاده فریبرز محمدیRoad accidents and casualties resulting from the current one of thechallenges communities, which have large economic costs on the economy hasforced countries. Comparison of aspects of development of countries, mostvictims of this crisis in developing countries make up. MoreRoad accidents and casualties resulting from the current one of thechallenges communities, which have large economic costs on the economy hasforced countries. Comparison of aspects of development of countries, mostvictims of this crisis in developing countries make up. Unfortunately, Iran isamong the countries where the rate of accidents caused by inattention tosafety principles and other related factors has always ascending; so thatcurrent statistics show the severity of this issue in Iran.This study, aim to evaluate the relationship between road accidents andeconomic indicators in the form of the Environmental Kuznets hypothesis(EKC). Based on the hypothesis, the road mortality rate increases in the earlystages of economic growth and ultimately decreases because of technicalprogress, increasing in capital investment and improve care medical. Theresults show that the relationship between road accidents and per capitaincome is inverted U shape, and actually the Kuznets hypothesis hasconfirmed by Iranian data. The results also indicated that the capitalinvestment in the roads, making safe cars and education have an importantrole in reducing road accidents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Investigating the Role of Electronic Education Infrastructures in Enhancement of Mobile Learning and Education at Islamic Azad University Electronic Branch
Esmaeil Kavousy -
Open Access Article
18 - A Survey on Teleradiology Infrastructure in Selected Hospitals in Ahvaz, 2014
Javad Zarei Zahra SharifatIntroduction: Teleradiology able to utilize technologies such as medical image archiving system and transport and communication infrastructure suitable for various services in the field of radiology. One of the most important applications of Teleradiology in regard to i MoreIntroduction: Teleradiology able to utilize technologies such as medical image archiving system and transport and communication infrastructure suitable for various services in the field of radiology. One of the most important applications of Teleradiology in regard to infrastructure and standards is essential. The aim of this study was examining the teleradiology infrastructure in selected hospitals of Ahvaz. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 1393. Teleradiology infrastructure in four hospitals in Ahvaz, using checklist of 46 experts and specialists with knowledge of radiology at the four hospitals were assessed using a questionnaire. Data visiting the hospitals and collected through observation and interviews using descriptive statistics methods in Excel and SPSS software were analyzed. Result: Research findings regarding the awareness of the infrastructure Teleradiology showed most of awareness were related to the medical staff of the hospital Allama Karami hospital (77.32%) and the lowest level was related to the Aria hospital (65.32%). About Teleradiology -related information infrastructure most infrastructure was related to Naft large hospital and least infrastructure was related to Allama Karami hospital. Total results showed Naft large hospital is better prepared to implement Teleradiology. Conclusion: The findings showed there are problems such as economic barriers and lack of PACS to the implementation of Teleradiology system. Thus providing financial incentives from the government, development of the telecommunications infrastructure and increase awareness of experts about the benefits of Teleradiology can contribute to the development of this system in hospitals. Introduction: Teleradiology able to do the different services in Radiology scope using technologies such as Picture Archiving and Communication system and the essential infrastructures and standards. To use Teleradiology attention to infrastructure and standards is essential. The aim of this study was examining the teleradiology infrastructure in selected hospitals of Ahvaz.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 1393. Teleradiology infrastructures and awareness of 46 experts and specialists were assessed using checklist and questionnaire in four selected hospitals in Ahwaz. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire and checklist were confirmed. Data were collected by researcher presence referred in hospitals studied. Data analysis was done using SPSS software.Result: Research findings regarding the awareness of the infrastructure Teleradiology showed most of awareness were related to the medical staff of the hospital Allama Karami hospital (77.32%) and the lowest level was related to Aria hospital (65.32%). About Teleradiology -related information infrastructure most infrastructure was related to Naft large hospital and least infrastructure was related to Allama Karami hospital. Conclusion: The findings showed there are problems such as economic barriers and lack of PACS to the implementation of Teleradiology system. Thus providing financial incentives from the government, the development of telecommunications infrastructure and increase awareness of experts in this field, can contribute to the development of this system in hospitals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - A Study on Factors Affecting Operational Electronic Banking Risks in Iran Banking Industry (Case Study: Kermanshah Melli Bank)
Peyman Akbari -
Open Access Article
20 - Establishing a System of Knowledge Management based on social capital
Gholamreza Zomorodian Ali RostamiOrganizations present in a very competitive and very dynamic environment,activities that their most important investment, their staff is. Continuity andpersistence of competitive advantage, organizations in such circumstances theemployee having knowledge-oriented, creat MoreOrganizations present in a very competitive and very dynamic environment,activities that their most important investment, their staff is. Continuity andpersistence of competitive advantage, organizations in such circumstances theemployee having knowledge-oriented, creative and innovative that can consciouslymodify or change the functions and processes sustainable advantage for yourorganization must create.Saif divine and Arbitration (1388) noted that students today are at the heart of theworld economy and the success of knowledge management in organizations isconsidered a crucial matter. So over the last deployment has become necessary.Multiple factors in the successful establishment and many are involved in knowledgemanagement. One such factor is social capital. Study in the study population, ie unitsIslamic Azad University, Region 8, the social capital that makes sharing bestknowledge, play a knowledge organization, creating relationships based on trust andcooperation, the spirit of cooperation, aid to education, increased activity associatedwith the stability Corporate and shared understanding is, to increase organizationalreadiness for knowledge management is used.The results of the literature and findings from field research shows that betweensocial capital and operating corporate culture, organizational structure, operating,operating infrastructure, and operating the modified contents of KM readinessvariables are statistically significant relationship exists. In Evaluation of a correlationbetween the study results show that the status quo between the five factors ofknowledge management preparedness are significantly different. So we can say,factors related to knowledge management readiness are the same rank as the mostrelevant content changes and the lowest is about organizational structure Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Information Society: Opportunities and Threats within Iran
دکتر محمدمهدی مظاهری داود احمدزادهThis article aims to study the development of information and communicationtechnology (ICT) and it's social and cultural background in Iran, then analyzes thestructural impediments of ICT and finally presents some recommendations to improvethe future of planning in this MoreThis article aims to study the development of information and communicationtechnology (ICT) and it's social and cultural background in Iran, then analyzes thestructural impediments of ICT and finally presents some recommendations to improvethe future of planning in this field.Information society is depending on variety of activities which are connecteddirectly with the generating and cycling of information. The different definitions ofInformation society by Daniel Bel Marin and other theorist being discussed here thisarticle contains four sections: In the first section; the development of informationtechnology and main approaches about Information Society being discussed.Additionally, we have a historical and analytical look at the main issues and events ofICT in the world.In the second sections; we discuss the technology problems of information andcommunication in the third world, digital gap between North and South, and importantcriteria of development in Information Society.Third section of the article deals with the background of this concept in Iran andits problems and limits. Finally in the conclusion the author give somerecommendations to solve the problems of Information Society through scientificmethods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Economic infrastructure and its role in economic development of Iran
farzaneh aalizad farzaneh khalili farid asgarii Infrastructure in any country is in fact the basic foundation of the society of that country and notpaying attention to them creates irreparable consequences in the country and damage in one sector can affectother economic sectors as well. Therefore, it is vital t More Infrastructure in any country is in fact the basic foundation of the society of that country and notpaying attention to them creates irreparable consequences in the country and damage in one sector can affectother economic sectors as well. Therefore, it is vital to achieve a productive economy that relies on efficiencyand innovation, and to achieve continuous growth in national income and increase the per capita wealth ofsociety in the current period and the transition from a single-product economy. For this purpose, the data ofIran during the period 1978 to 2020 and the vector error correction model have been used. The variables usedinclude value added of agriculture, industry and services, as well as investment in energy, transportation andcommunications infrastructure at a fixed price in 2011. The results showed that there was a significantrelationship between energy infrastructure, transportation and communications with the development ofagriculture, industry and services, so that the development of transportation infrastructure has the greatestimpact on the development of agriculture, energy infrastructure development. The greatest impact on thedevelopment of the industrial sector and the development of transport infrastructure has the greatest impact onthe development of the service sector. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Investigating the Effects of Climate Change and Global Warming on Sports Infrastructure and Events (Case study: Ski)
Seyed Mostafa Tayebi Sani sharareh norouzi Ali Fahiminejad Bagher MorsalThe aim of this study is to investigate the effects and consequences of climate change and global warming on the infrastructure of skiing in the coming years. This research is of descriptive-analytical type, which has been done through modeling and using Matlab software MoreThe aim of this study is to investigate the effects and consequences of climate change and global warming on the infrastructure of skiing in the coming years. This research is of descriptive-analytical type, which has been done through modeling and using Matlab software, in order to evaluate the possibility of holding sports in 28 active and widely used ski sites in 2030 and 2050. The scenarios examined were reliable snow level in the lower range and above 1500 meters above sea level. The results suggest that with the current trend, The effects of climate change on winter tourism may be even more severe in countries such as Germany and Austria due to the lower altitude of their ski resorts. In Austria, the current snow line will rise by 200 to 300 meters in the next 30 to 50 years with climate change. If the snow level rises from 1,200 to 1,500 meters, the number of standard ski slopes will be reduced. Also, if the level reaches more than 1,500 meters, the number of ski resorts in the Alps will be reduced to 63%, and only 44% of the ski areas can be called reliable snow Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Analysis of the role of tourism services and infrastructure on tourists' loyalty to tourism destinations (Case in point: Yasuj city)
farzane bagherpour najfabad Saeed Amanpour۱۰۵۸/۵۰۰۰The expansion of tourism in the world requires the special conditions and facilities of Abhova, antiquities, natural attractions, customs and traditions, infrastructure, facilities and equipment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of tourism servi More۱۰۵۸/۵۰۰۰The expansion of tourism in the world requires the special conditions and facilities of Abhova, antiquities, natural attractions, customs and traditions, infrastructure, facilities and equipment. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of tourism services and infrastructure on the loyalty of tourists to tourism destinations in Yasuj city based on practical purpose and descriptive-analytical nature. The required data are collected from the library and field method (questionnaire) and the statistical population of tourists who visited Yasuj in spring and summer of 1398, which includes 250 people. It was used to analyze the data of t-test questionnaire, linear regression and fuzzy inference system (in MATLAB software). The results of the t-test showed that tourists are less than average satisfied with tourism services and infrastructure, social environment and living environment; But historical and cultural attractions, natural attractions and local attractions have expressed above-average satisfaction. To complete the results of the fuzzy inference system, if the status of infrastructure and services is 2.18 and the status of social and environmental environment is 2.19 and the status and amount of historical, natural and local attractions is 3.43, the level of tourist loyalty tourism destinations (output ); It will be 0.315. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Studying the solutions of urban heat island mitigation through greenery and permeable surface in Tehran
Marzieh Farbudi Zahra ZamaniBackground and Objective: The increase in development of urban spaces has caused the phenomenon of urban heat island. One of the main factors that disrupts the rain cycle, reduces relative humidity in urban environments, and ultimately raises the temperature is the redu MoreBackground and Objective: The increase in development of urban spaces has caused the phenomenon of urban heat island. One of the main factors that disrupts the rain cycle, reduces relative humidity in urban environments, and ultimately raises the temperature is the reduction of permeable surfaces and green spaces in cities. The heat island is intensified in the city center and in high-traffic areas. The purpose of this study was to modulate this phenomenon at the central part of Tehran and to provide solutions to adjust the temperature. Material and Methodology: This research was carried out in two phases by using a simulation method. In the first phase (on an urban block scale) the current situation and the situation proposed by the authors were simulated using Ladybug and Dragon Fly to compare UTCI index and dry-bulb temperature. In the second phase, part of the studied urban block was selected and the micro-climatic model were simulated in three modes of the current, proposed and the optimal situation with Envi-met on August 6, 1998. Subsequently, the effect of building materials, floors with different permeability, grass, trees and water on wind speed, temperature, relative humidity, radiant temperature and carbon dioxide concentration was studied. Findings: Finally, the optimal model that included trees, water, grass, permeable materials, trees and green roofs reduced the temperature (to four degrees), irradiation temperature (4 to 5 degrees), the carbon monoxide concentration and wind speed and meanwhile increased the relative humidity up to 10% compared to the current situation. Discussion and conclusion: The results indicated that the UTCI index was adjusted as urban green infrastructure and permeable pavement increased. The tree also had the greatest effect on lowering the temperature than other parameters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Zoning of the degree of risk in the southern areas of Khuzestan province in the conditions Climate change with emphasis on industrial infrastructure
Arash Rahimi Reza Borna jafar Morshedi Jebreel GhorbanianBackground and Objective: climate change can be considered one of the biggest environmental challenges of the recent era, which indicates unusual changes in the internal climate of the earth's atmosphere and its consequences in different parts of the globe, which is a s MoreBackground and Objective: climate change can be considered one of the biggest environmental challenges of the recent era, which indicates unusual changes in the internal climate of the earth's atmosphere and its consequences in different parts of the globe, which is a serious threat to the environment. The purpose of this research is to prepare a vulnerability zoning map of infrastructures in the southern regions of Khuzestan in the conditions of climate change. Material and Methodology: for this purpose, using previous sources and interviews with experts, eleven variables of total annual precipitation, average temperature of hot and cold season, the trend of maximum precipitation of more than 5 mm per day, the number of dust codes, the occurrence of heat waves above the 95th percentile, precipitation changes, displacement of coastline, underground water changes, floods and inundation and temperature changes during 2019 to 2019 were investigated. By using two trend analysis tests, i.e. Sence slope estimator trend analysis test and Mann-Kendall trend analysis test, the trend of the 32-year time series of these elements during the basic statistical period (1985-2017) was investigated. Findings: The southern parts of the studied region of Khuzestan had an average temperature of more than 38 degrees Celsius per year, while the northern and central parts of the studied region had a temperature of more than 38.5 degrees Celsius per year.The southern part of Khuzestan has an annual rainfall equivalent to more than 273 mm per year, while the southern parts of the studied area have less than 200 mm of rainfall per year and in some cases about 156 mm per year. Discussion and Conclusion: The results show that high and very high risk areas cover 80% of the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Financial Institutes for Financing Infrastructure Transport Projects through Capital Market of Iran
Mohammad Hashem Botshekan Fereshteh Rahimi AlmasiThe objective of this research is to study the necessary financial institutions for financing the infrastructure transport projects in Iran through the capital market. This study uses a mixed method. To prepare a primary framework, a systematic review was done and sever MoreThe objective of this research is to study the necessary financial institutions for financing the infrastructure transport projects in Iran through the capital market. This study uses a mixed method. To prepare a primary framework, a systematic review was done and several half-structured interviews were undertaken with experts. To approve the primary framework, a survey of expert was done in a way that in the fields of roads, capital market and university, 42 questionnaires were filled, 28 interviews were carried out and 9 group meetings were held. Subsequently, the qualitative and quantitative results were compared and concluded according to the triangulation method. According to the experts consensus: undertaking some of securities charges, provision of emergency loans, guarantee syndication with banks, act as a reinsurer, support the formation of protection and indemnity association for the transportation industry, and issuance of insurance securities were proposed to be done by the Transport Development Fund. Furthermore doing the asset management of the Transport Development Fund by an expert institution and the development of Project infrastructure funds were emphasized. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Comprehensive Model of Credit Risk Management in the Banking System of Iran
Ali Saqafi Jamal Damghanyan Sajjad Sayyah Hosein KhozueiCredit risk is traditionally defined as the risk that an obligor will not be able to honor its (often long dated) obligations, and has mostly been applied to the fixed income world and more specifically to bank lending. Credit risk is known as the oldest, largest and mo MoreCredit risk is traditionally defined as the risk that an obligor will not be able to honor its (often long dated) obligations, and has mostly been applied to the fixed income world and more specifically to bank lending. Credit risk is known as the oldest, largest and most important bank's risk. Therefore an integrated credit risk management at all stages of Before lending, While lending,after lending Is critical for banks. This study aims to achieve a coherent pattern in the area of credit risk management. For this purpose,by Using research method of graunded theory and coding behind the different stages of the three-part comprehensive model of credit risk management framework includes policies, methodologies and infrastructure were found Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Sociological Analysis of the Role of Tourism in Dynamic development (Maraghe City Case Study)
Naser ghahraman seyed mohmmad seyed mirzaie Mostafa azkiaTourism, as one of the most extensive service industry in the world, has a special place, therefore, many countries are in close and intense competition, seeking to increase their benefits and income from this industry, and Maragheh city due to its environmental and his MoreTourism, as one of the most extensive service industry in the world, has a special place, therefore, many countries are in close and intense competition, seeking to increase their benefits and income from this industry, and Maragheh city due to its environmental and historical capabilities. Culture, tourism has a high ability in this field, therefore, due to the dependence of the economy of Maragheh on agriculture and the high potential of creating employment in the field of tourism, this industry can be used as an alternative to agriculture in times of drought and its role in dynamic development in this research. To test the proposed hypotheses, by using a statistical sample of 130 people from the statistical community, which consists of 1- all tourism experts and activists of the city, the main owners of tourism-related businesses and tourists who have visited various tourist places in the city and visited more than once. Maragheh who had traveled were selected through simple sampling and were questioned in the form of two different questionnaires and were analyzed using statistical methods (Sperman's r and chi-square test) and the results show the impact of tourism on infrastructure variables. tourism, income and job opportunities related to tourism, also the data obtained from tourism-related organizations confirmed the impact of tourism on the mentioned variables and indicates the increase of the mentioned variables during the last ten years. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Sociological Analysis of the Role of Tourism in Dynamic development
Naser ghahraman seyed mohmmad seyed mirzaie Mostafa azkiaTourism, as one of the most extensive service industries in the world, has a special place, therefore, many countries are in close and intense competition, seeking to increase their benefits and income from this industry, and Maragheh city due to its environmental and h MoreTourism, as one of the most extensive service industries in the world, has a special place, therefore, many countries are in close and intense competition, seeking to increase their benefits and income from this industry, and Maragheh city due to its environmental and historical capabilities. Culture, tourism has a high ability in this field, therefore, due to the dependence of the economy of Maragheh on agriculture and the high potential of creating employment in the field of tourism, this industry can be used as an alternative to agriculture in times of drought and its role in dynamic development in this research. To test the proposed hypotheses, by using a statistical sample of 130 people from the statistical community, which consists of 1- all tourism experts and activists of the city, the main owners of tourism-related businesses and tourists who have visited various tourist places in the city and visited more than once. Maragheh who had traveled were selected through simple sampling and were questioned in the form of two different questionnaires and were analyzed using statistical methods (Sperman's r and chi-square test) and the results show the impact of tourism on infrastructure variables. tourism, income and job opportunities related to tourism, also the data obtained from tourism-related organizations confirmed the impact of tourism on the mentioned variables and indicates the increase of the mentioned variables during the last ten years. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - The role of infrastructures on sport tourists development in Mazandaran province
Ismaeil Zabihi -
Open Access Article
32 - Prioritizing tourism destination infrastructure of Kermanshah province with the GIS and SAW technique
Hossein Mousazadeh Parisa Mohammadpour Mehdi Khodadad Ebrahim Moammeri -
Open Access Article
33 - The Use of the Internet of Things Technology in Collecting Environmental Information of Agricultural Lands using Sensor Observation Service
Nima Ghasemloo Ali Akbar Matkan Abbas Alimohammadi Hossein Aghighi babak mirbagheriThe challenges of food production in the 21st century make the employment of modern agricultural technologies increasingly vital due to population growth. The Internet of Things (IoT( is critical in changing traditional technology into modern technology, and it could he MoreThe challenges of food production in the 21st century make the employment of modern agricultural technologies increasingly vital due to population growth. The Internet of Things (IoT( is critical in changing traditional technology into modern technology, and it could help smart agriculture reduce waste and increase output. The integrated use of this technology in large metropolitan or national areas is problematic since data producers employ various formats and standards to implement the IoT. One of the most challenging aspects of utilizing the IoT in agriculture is gathering the collected data and displaying it online and in a standard format. This research has examined a method for receiving information from sensors, storing it, and presenting it in a standard context utilizing IoT technology. The result of this research shows that the sensor's data and their observations can be recorded in a standard format using the standard sensor observation service from the Open Geospatial Consortium. An integrated platform is built using spatial data infrastructure. In fact, using a standard format reduces the number of services requested and the parameters associated with the sensor name, retrieval time, and sensor position. Therefore, the output of sensor observations in the spatial portal of spatial data infrastructure will be more easily accessible than methods that use only web services. The use of spatial data infrastructure makes it possible to display sensor data alongside other spatial layers. Using this method, agricultural environmental data collected using sensors are more easily provided to farmers and decision-makers instantly and online. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Developing a performance aware cloud infrastructure in e-learning system
nafiseh fareghzadeh Nasser ModiriIntroduction: The sharing of resources and the dynamics of workloads in e-learning systems cause competition between users and loss of efficiency. Awareness of efficiency as a key solution can protect workloads from each other's negative effects. Currently, the lack of MoreIntroduction: The sharing of resources and the dynamics of workloads in e-learning systems cause competition between users and loss of efficiency. Awareness of efficiency as a key solution can protect workloads from each other's negative effects. Currently, the lack of such an infrastructure causes fluctuations in efficiency and unfavorable service quality in these systems. The purpose of the current research is to take steps to compensate for the aforementioned shortcomings and one of the most important achievements is the development of an efficient cloud infrastructure in electronic education systems. Unlike existing approaches, the proposed infrastructure does not depend on a specific execution mechanism and independently of the service level and actors, it monitors the performance of the entire cloud stack in an integrated and dynamic manner. Method: The proposed approach displays e-learning systems based on sets of departments and operational units, components, operational dependencies, and required functional connections. The description of operational units and their duties and functions are as follows: shared knowledge repository, recovery and synchronization unit, audit and monitoring unit, inference and notification unit, control and execution unit. Findings: The results of the implementation and evaluation of different scenarios show the superiority of the proposed infrastructure and the improvement of performance criteria. Discussion: The proposed infrastructure uses performance values and criteria as raw data for dynamic control and performance management. Therefore, this operational framework can be used for different efficiency measures. The proposed approach is able to support performance optimization and management of its requirements for a multi-tenant environment. The approach of the present research, considering the aspects of awareness of efficiency in electronic education systems, can be used as an effort to create a general roadmap and a perspective to achieve awareness of efficiency in basic cloud services Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Recent Challenges and Trends in the Planning and Development of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
Zohreh FotouhiThe use of electric vehicles is expanding as one of the essential solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and save gasoline fuel consumption. Therefore, the modern transportation industry in many countries is changing and evolving under the influence of electric ve MoreThe use of electric vehicles is expanding as one of the essential solutions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and save gasoline fuel consumption. Therefore, the modern transportation industry in many countries is changing and evolving under the influence of electric vehicles' economic and environmental benefits. To accelerate the process of this evolution, proper design and development of the charging infrastructure are crucial. In addition, equipping charging stations with renewable energy sources and managing the intermittent nature of the production of these sources can lead to the improvement of environmental goals. The design and development of the charging infrastructure and the increase in electric vehicles bring various challenges to the power and transportation networks. In this regard, it is essential to provide appropriate solutions for various key issues such as congestion management, determining the location and optimal capacity of charging stations, and managing charging demand, considering both networks' requirements. This paper comprehensively discusses the latest achievements and significant developments in this fascinating and rapidly developing research area by introducing the objectives, methods, and data used. By highlighting the existing challenges, we pave the way for revealing research gaps and helping researchers address the problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Designing a Performance Evaluation Model in Macro Government Organizations (Case Study: Jam Petrochemical Company)
Mahdi Shajar Mostafa Ghasemi Abdolreza Mohseni -
Open Access Article
37 - Investigation of new functions in dysfunctional and historical contexts of the city (Case study: Shah Abbasi area of Karaj)
seyedeh sepideh ghalamro kiarash pourhazhir ardestani yaser hatamiThe city is a living and dynamic creature whose body is formed in different periods under the influence of economic-political, cultural-natural and social changes. In a correct and healthy process, these changes are such that the old elements of cities are revived accor MoreThe city is a living and dynamic creature whose body is formed in different periods under the influence of economic-political, cultural-natural and social changes. In a correct and healthy process, these changes are such that the old elements of cities are revived according to new needs. Historical and Old Despite the characteristics of the centrality of economic, geographical, communication and prosperity of the old market suffer from the apparent erosion of the weakness of urban infrastructure, cultural and social problems and the resulting problems. New generations do not want to continue living in traditional and old tissues, and this causes a change in the structure and even destruction of these tissues.Karaj, like a young metropolis that has been around for less than half a century, is one of the cities that face the problem of 551 hectares of worn-out urban fabric due to the temporal incompatibility of its texture. A large part of Karaj Accordingly, the need to organize the problematic worn-out structures of the city in various social, economic, environmental and physical dimensions is inevitable. The environment that creates the worn-out texture of Karaj has been studied and while providing solutions to reduce vulnerability, strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats have been identified, but first the area under study during the cognition process is identified in the table and with the help of the strategy table. qspm provides an optimal strategy, but the important point in this regard is the defensive nature of the type of strategies, which means defending the existing conditions of the historical context of the study area, and finally answers the research question and provides solutions in the field of strategy Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Designing an interpretive structural model of organizational strategies to reduce the anti-productive behaviors of the employees of sports boards
Zainab Badeli , Asra Askari Amin Rashid Lamir Zayalabedi, Falah Taher BehlekehThe purpose of this research was to design an interpretative structural model of strategies to reduce the anti-productive behaviors of the employees of sports boards.The current research is of mixed type (qualitative and quantitative). In the first stage, a qualitative MoreThe purpose of this research was to design an interpretative structural model of strategies to reduce the anti-productive behaviors of the employees of sports boards.The current research is of mixed type (qualitative and quantitative). In the first stage, a qualitative research method was performed using thematic analysis, and in the second stage, a quantitative method based on interpretive structural modeling was performed. The statistical population in both qualitative and quantitative sections, due to the expert-centeredness of the interpretive structural modeling approach, formed experts, including prominent professors in the field of sports management specializing in the field of organizational behavior, as well as some managers of Golestan province sports boards who have doctoral education. Were, include; these people were purposefully selected for qualitative interviews in the research topic (16 interviews with 16 people and continued until theoretical saturation).The measurement tool in the qualitative part was a semi-structured interview and in the quantitative part, a questionnaire. Validity and reliability of the data were confirmed.Two methods of thematic analysis (Max QDI software) and Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) (Excel software) were used to analyze the data. 7 main themes of strategies to reduce anti-productive behaviors of sports board employees have been identified. Planning, monitoring and evaluation and management are in the independent cluster, that is, it has a great influence on other factors, and other factors have little influence on it. Recruitment, organizational support, and job duties are in the dependent cluster, that is, they are affected by other factors and on other factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Identifying the optimal strategy for technology development in the Information Communication Technology (ICT) industry in a Telecommunication Infrastructure Company
Mehrdad Fekratnejad Akbar Bagheri Muhammad Hossein Fatehi Dabanloo -
Open Access Article
40 - Performance improvement of fast warning systems based on IoT (NB-IoT) technology using smart sensors network and the fifth generation GSM network (5G)
Ali nazari Seyed Mohammad Ziazadeh -
Open Access Article
41 - Methodology of theme analysis in determining metrics and indicators of criticality of urban infrastructures based on intrinsic value
Gholam reza hossein ali beyki abbas akbarpour nik ghalb rashti seyed azim hosseini hamid Reza abasian jahromiIntroduction of the research: The countries of the world that are on the path of progress pay special attention to infrastructures in national dimensions in order to maintain their performance and capabilities. Maintaining the performance and effective management of inf MoreIntroduction of the research: The countries of the world that are on the path of progress pay special attention to infrastructures in national dimensions in order to maintain their performance and capabilities. Maintaining the performance and effective management of infrastructures with regard to limited resources requires a comprehensive model for prioritizing critical infrastructures.The purpose of the research: to determine indicators and measures of criticality based on the intrinsic value of infrastructuresResearch method: Thematic analysis method was used to answer the research question. In this method, by reviewing documents and scientific articles, prominent themes were extracted. The validation method of this research is interpretive validity. Final approval was done by presenting the results to five experts.Findings: Based on the research findings, 61 initial codes were created. Due to the large number of codes, similar items were reduced to 11 themes based on conceptual affinity. Based on these themes, vital indicators were presented in the form of 9 main relationships.Conclusion: The research results showed that the most important indicators include; The amount of investment, non-dependence on other countries in providing essential goods, gross domestic product, fair access to life facilities, sufficient access to clean water, access to health services, preservation and sustainability of resources (water, soil and air), usefulness of infrastructure in support and the production of military equipment that can be used to assess infrastructure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Assessing the degree of risk of Semnan city infrastructure against new threats with passive defense approach (with emphasis on military war and security incidents)
Reza Babaian Atni Majid Vali Shariat Panahi Nasrallah Falah descent Zahra KhodaeeThe glory of a society depends on solving problems and solving possible problems and its strength against natural and man-made disasters, since infrastructure has a decisive role in the safe process of a society and maintaining the security of infrastructure against att MoreThe glory of a society depends on solving problems and solving possible problems and its strength against natural and man-made disasters, since infrastructure has a decisive role in the safe process of a society and maintaining the security of infrastructure against attacks and Threats are one of the security priorities of every country, which is why different societies are constantly looking for and inventing solutions to control or minimize the damage with proper planning and management. In recent decades, how to deal with these threats has become more scientific, and the probability of occurrence, damage and how to deal with them has been determined. In this regard, the present article uses a descriptive-analytical method, after collecting the required data and information, first calculates the importance and weight of each infrastructure using network analysis process (ANP) model and then by preparing information layers in Arc software environment. Using overlap functions, GIS has determined the degree of risk of Semnan city infrastructure against attacks and military and security threats in four areas: energy network, communication network, support centers and other centers. The results show that sensitive infrastructure with 50.69%, important infrastructure with 34.08% and protected infrastructure with 15.23% are in a location with a very high degree of risk. The general results of the study show that 37.83% of the total infrastructure of Semnan city is scattered in the vulnerability zone with a very high degree of risk and this issue is far from the principles and considerations of passive defense and aggravates the vulnerability of infrastructure in critical situations due to military attacks and threats. It is security Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Zoning the degree of vulnerability of Semnan city infrastructure with passive defense approach In Geographic Information System (GIS)
Reza Babaian Atni Majid Vali shareeat panahi Nasrallah Falah descent Zahra KhodaeeToday, infrastructure plays a crucial role in the safe process of a society, and maintaining the security of infrastructure against attacks and threats is one of the security priorities of any country. Accordingly, recognizing the current situation and the vulnerability MoreToday, infrastructure plays a crucial role in the safe process of a society, and maintaining the security of infrastructure against attacks and threats is one of the security priorities of any country. Accordingly, recognizing the current situation and the vulnerability of infrastructure on an urban scale can lead to the development of urban strategies as an effective solution. In this regard, the present article uses a descriptive-analytical method, after collecting the required data and information, to explain the vulnerability of Semnan infrastructure with a passive defense approach using GIS, in which after prioritizing the centers of gravity And the identification of critical and critical infrastructure, the zoning of the city has been done using the process of network analysis and GIS. In this regard, the present article uses descriptive-analytical method, after collecting the required data and information, analyzes the infrastructure using multi-criteria evaluation methods, and after recognizing the interactions according to the spatial location of each infrastructure, the vulnerability of Semnan Calculated. The results show that a total of 37.83% of the infrastructure of Semnan city in areas with high vulnerability, 21.34% in areas with high vulnerability, 13.58% in areas with medium vulnerability, 14.66% in areas with very low vulnerability, 6% with low vulnerability and 12% with low vulnerability. They are under-established. This is far from the principles and considerations of passive defense and exacerbates the level of vulnerability Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Analysis of indicators of evaluation of importance and life of infrastructure: grounded theory approach
Gholam reza hossein ali beykiAbstractInfrastructure is defined as one of the basic foundations in today's societies, so that the life of human societies and environmental satisfaction depends to some extent on the safe and reliable operation of infrastructure. At the same time, securing and protect MoreAbstractInfrastructure is defined as one of the basic foundations in today's societies, so that the life of human societies and environmental satisfaction depends to some extent on the safe and reliable operation of infrastructure. At the same time, securing and protecting all assets and infrastructure in the right conditions and the subject of influential factors for governments or sector employers in terms of resources and facilities, is challenging. . Therefore, important infrastructures and assets should be identified, classified and classified based on indicators and functions. The main purpose of this research is to identify and enumerate the indicators of the vitality of infrastructure and assets. This research has done a content analysis in order to determine the criticality of infrastructure by a comprehensive study and qualitative research method of foundation data derived from Strauss and Corbin (1998) theory. Data were collected through interviews, library studies and documentation by surveying existing texts and sources. The sample size for interviews with experts in the use of theoretical saturation was finalized and the strategic theory of the foundation including open, personality and selective coding and the model for determining this theory for model development are presented. The findings turned into the identification of causal, contextual, intervening conditions, strategies and consequences, and the paradigm model of index coding as indicators of the criticality of infrastructure. The results of studies and studies have led to the identification of 26 indicators in the form of 5 main groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Comparative evaluation of sports spaces in Semnan cities for holding sporting events using Geographic Information System (GIS)
hamid bagherzadeh seyedmostafa tayebisani bahram ghadimi vahid rafiy dahbidiEvents play a very important role in sports and if they are paid good attention, they can have major benefits. The purpose of this study is to compare the sports infrastructure of Semnan province to hold sports events. The present study is in the category of applied res MoreEvents play a very important role in sports and if they are paid good attention, they can have major benefits. The purpose of this study is to compare the sports infrastructure of Semnan province to hold sports events. The present study is in the category of applied research. In order to assess the current situation, the method of comparative comparison with existing national and international standards and comparison of per capita was used. First, the collected information and statistics about the area and per capita of indoor and outdoor sports spaces and places, etc. were presented in the form of tables and figures. Then, their zoning and distribution were mapped using GIS. Findings showed that Shahroud, Semnan and Damghan cities are in a more suitable situation. When the number of sports space is large and available, as a result, people's participation in physical activity increases and the number of organized athletes in sports increases.When the number of sports space is large and available, as a result, people's participation in physical activity increases and the number of organized athletes in sports increases.Therefore, trying to host sports events, creating and developing hardware, building comprehensive and well-equipped specialized sports centers, paying attention to media advertisements are very important and necessary points, and besides, other management factors can play an effective role in holding big events. Have sports.Considering that Semnan province has a good record in holding big sports events, it can be said that it has a good ability to host more competitions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Evaluating and measuring the level of readiness of institutions influencing the integrated management of Tehran's peri-urban areas in the establishment of spatial data infrastructure (SDI)
Abolhassan Modarreszadeh Barzoki Rahim Sarvar Farideh AsadianTehran peri-urban areas encounter with several institutional and instrumental dispersions. Undoubtedly, spatial management requires a spatial decision support system that is dynamic and interactive. Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) is an effective approach in spatial i MoreTehran peri-urban areas encounter with several institutional and instrumental dispersions. Undoubtedly, spatial management requires a spatial decision support system that is dynamic and interactive. Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) is an effective approach in spatial information management which has made great progress in recent years. This research, while recognition the influential institutions in the integrated management of the capital's peri-urban areas, evaluates the factors and criteria of readiness for the establishment of spatial data infrastructure. Data collection was done through interviews and questionnaires, used the SDI readiness index method. 25 selected public and government institutions were evaluated in 16 evaluation criteria and institutional readiness index and readiness index was calculated. In general, the two factors of Technology and Information, in comparison with the three factors of Organization, Human Resources and Financial, face less challenges and problems in establishing a spatial data infrastructure, but overall, no significant difference was observed between the factors. In a more detailed analysis, the criterion of private capital and return on investment are not very good compared to other criteria. Also, in this research, four institutions were found to be more ready and three institutions were less prepared than others to implement SDI. The readiness index in the peri-urban influential institutions was calculated as 0.47, which is slightly below the average. At the end, in order to remove the obstacles, suggestions were presented focused on: strengthening the private sector, increasing public awareness and managers, reforming the attitude of governance and data power and expanding the culture of information dissemination, promoting inter-institutional cooperation, focusing on data infrastructure projects instead of creating inefficient systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - An Analysis of Sustainable Regeneration Considering Urban Green Infrastructure Indicators with an Institutional Participation Approach (Case: the City of Lahijan)
seyedeh maryam gilani Seyed Mohamadreza Khatibi Zohreh Davoudpour Maryam Khastou -
Open Access Article
48 - A Case Study of the Bam Earthquake to Establish a Pattern for Earthquake Management in Iran
Keramatollah Ziari Reza Ziari Somayeh Ziari -
Open Access Article
49 - Presenting a model of effective factors on evaluating the professional competencies of the heads of Islamic Azad University based on the global level using the knowledge management component
reza haratian alireza chenari FATAH NAZEMObjective: The aim of presenting a model of factors affecting the evaluation of professional competencies of the heads of Islamic Azad University based on the global level was done using the knowledge management component.Method: The research method was applied in terms MoreObjective: The aim of presenting a model of factors affecting the evaluation of professional competencies of the heads of Islamic Azad University based on the global level was done using the knowledge management component.Method: The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method, as well as exploratory in terms of mixed data type. In the quantitative section, a researcher-made questionnaire based on standard questionnaires and the results of qualitative section interviews were used to collect data. To calculate the validity of the questionnaire, the validity of content and structure was used. The findings indicated the validity of the measurement tool. Also, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to assess the reliability. Also, the collected data obtained from the quantitative part were analyzed through inferential statistics (sample t-test, paired t-test and structural equation modeling) and using LISREL software.The effective factors are information technology infrastructure, economic policies, educational and research factor, organizational policy, a model has been introduced according to the mentioned factors, which is well-suited.Due to their association, they are in good current condition. However, there is a difference between the current and favorable situation of the factors affecting the evaluation of the professional competencies of the heads of the Islamic Azad University on a global level using the knowledge management component. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Identification and prioritization of physical education infrastructure in the Iranian education system using FAHP
fateme rajabi vandchali Ali mohammad safania Hossein NazariPhysical education is one of the basic foundations for the development of children and adolescents, because it provides lifelong participation in physical activities to achieve physical and mental health. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify and prioritiz MorePhysical education is one of the basic foundations for the development of children and adolescents, because it provides lifelong participation in physical activities to achieve physical and mental health. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize the infrastructure of physical education in the Iranian education system using It is from FAHP. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and is combined in terms of method (quantitative and qualitative). The statistical population included professors and experts in the field of physical education. Sampling was purposeful. Data collection tools were semi-structured interview and 9-item paired comparison questionnaire and FAHP was used to rank the identified infrastructures. The results show that physical education infrastructure includes spatial infrastructure, facilities and equipment, sustainable financial infrastructure, human infrastructure, administrative-managerial infrastructure, design of appropriate curriculum, content infrastructure, teaching method infrastructure, socio-cultural infrastructure, system, respectively. Standard evaluation is the legal and motivational infrastructure. The results of this study can help educational planners to take effective steps to develop physical education in schools. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - A Study of the Barriers to Iran's Tourism Industry Development
javad mehrabi siavash khalili shavarini ahmad khalafiToday, tourism is considered as one of the largest and most diversified industries in the world. Although Iran stands the 10th place in terms of tourism potentials, it has failed to attract enough tourists. Consequently, it suffers from a low status related to tourism e MoreToday, tourism is considered as one of the largest and most diversified industries in the world. Although Iran stands the 10th place in terms of tourism potentials, it has failed to attract enough tourists. Consequently, it suffers from a low status related to tourism even among the Middle East countries. This study aims to examine the reasons behind Iran' failure to attract tourists. To this end, tourism experts and professors as well as senior managers were consulted. 103 subjects were selected randomly, using simple stratified sampling. Then, a 42-item questionnaire was administered to the participants and exploratory factorial analysis was run. The factors derived included: 1-infrsatructure, 2- political 3-cultural 4-govrnemntal (public) 5-human 6-managerial 7-economical. Finally, the research hypotheses were tested using t-test. The results show that all the seven hypotheses are confirmed, with inadequate infrastructure as the biggest barrier, followed by political and cultural barriers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Infrastructures of knowledge management at Islamic Azad and State Universities of Qom from viewpoint of faculty members
faeze natqe Abbas Ali NorouziThe purpose of this study was to investigate and compareknowledge management Infrastructures status at Azad and State Universities of Qom from faculty members' viewpoint. The research method was descriptive (survey) and statistical population included 324 professors at MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate and compareknowledge management Infrastructures status at Azad and State Universities of Qom from faculty members' viewpoint. The research method was descriptive (survey) and statistical population included 324 professors at these universities; Using Morghan table 226 Faculty members were selected as the sample size. The method of sampling was stratified random sampling. Data were collected using Zamani et al. knowledge management questionnaire with 28 items in three technical, cultural and managerial dimensions with a reliability of 0.91. The results indicated that there was not an appropriate status in term of the infrastructures including technology, organizational culture and management for knowledge management establishment at these universities; therefore, the university administrators should consider this urgent need. However, IT status was relatively better than other factors and Azad University was better than Qom State University in managerial infrastructure. There was no significant difference between these universities in terms of their preparation in technological, cultural and managerial dimensions for establishment of knowledge management. Finally, considering the results of this study, some suggestions have been made to improve this situation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Analyzing the relationship between livability and resilience on a local scale with an emphasis on urban infrastructure (case study: Ponak neighborhood of Tehran)
Mohammad Zanganeh Mahsa Faramarzi Asl Hasan Sattari SarbangholiCurrently, urban systems are facing great challenges related to the increase of various risks and their effects. In this regard, the continuous existence of risks has made it necessary to design resilient cities and, as a result, achieve sustainability and livability. C MoreCurrently, urban systems are facing great challenges related to the increase of various risks and their effects. In this regard, the continuous existence of risks has made it necessary to design resilient cities and, as a result, achieve sustainability and livability. Considering the alignment of the concepts of resilience and livability in achieving sustainability and appropriate quality of life in urban environments, the purpose of the current research is to analyze the relationship between livability and resilience with an emphasis on urban infrastructure in Ponak neighborhood of Tehran. The research method is mixed (quantitative-qualitative) with an applied purpose and a causal-correlation nature, which was used to analyze the information from the T-test and Pearson tests in SPSS software and the authors' field observations. The statistical population of the research also includes the citizens aged 19 to 65 years of Ponak neighborhood of Tehran, which was determined as a sample size of 384 people based on Cochran's model. The findings of the research show that the condition of the investigated neighborhood has been evaluated favorably from the perspective of urban infrastructure indicators in terms of livability and resilience. Also, in the dimension of livability, the only component of benefiting from green and public spaces suitable for recreation and social interaction, and in the dimension of resilience, the two components of access to suitable open spaces and temporary accommodation places in times of crisis and appropriate mechanisms to protect infrastructure and the existence of emergency plans for reconstruction they are in a bad situation. On the other hand, there is a significant positive and direct relationship between 6 components of livability and 6 components of resilience from the point of view of urban infrastructure in Ponak neighborhood at the 95% confidence level. In other words, the desirability of the neighborhood from the perspective of livable city infrastructure has led to the improvement of resilience in the dimensions of adaptability (ability to go back), resistance (ability to absorb shock) and variability (ability to change and adapt). In this way, according to the appropriate standards of urban planning, especially in the strengthening of houses and buildings, as well as the absence of hazardous uses in the aspect of livability, the return to the past has a favorable state in Ponak neighborhood. On the other hand, according to the existing infrastructure of the neighborhood, such as easy access to the main routes of the city and the flexibility of the roads, proper access to medical centers and rescue facilities, houses and resistant infrastructures, as well as the compatibility of the land use of the resistance neighborhood and the ability to absorb shock in Ponak neighborhood is highly desirable has it. Also, any crisis and danger in human and environmental dimensions will destroy the body and existing infrastructure. However, in order to achieve the ability to change and adapt to these risks, we need flexible plans in different dimensions, especially urban infrastructure. Adaptability is desirable in Ponak neighborhood due to proper infrastructure, however, the ability to change requires spending a lot of money and time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Classification, Prioritization, Intrinsic Value, Critical Infrastructure, Assets, Indices, Best-Worst.
Gholam reza hossein ali beyki Abbas Akbarpoor Nikghalb Rashti Seyed Azim Hosseini Hamidreza Abbasian JahromiToday, the growth and development of societies in economic, social, political, public health and security dimensions depends on the performance of critical infrastructure. Infrastructure management and management is one of the most important concerns in this field to en MoreToday, the growth and development of societies in economic, social, political, public health and security dimensions depends on the performance of critical infrastructure. Infrastructure management and management is one of the most important concerns in this field to ensure their proper performance and sustainability against the risks ahead. Securing and safeguarding critical infrastructure and key assets against all risks, factors and adverse conditions is one of the most challenging issues for governments due to limited financial resources. One way to overcome these limitations is to prioritize and classify infrastructure. Proper determination of priorities, using measurable indicators, in addition to distinguishing critical assets and infrastructure from non-critical ones, leads to optimal resource management and increases the effectiveness of measures to protect critical infrastructure. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate and validate the indicators of the vitality of critical infrastructure and determine the weight of each indicator by the best-worst method. The results of studies performed on 26 initial indicators and the validity and reliability of the indicators led to the final confirmation of 24 indicators. Weighting of indicators was done according to the best-worst method (BWM). Based on calculations based on the opinions of selected experts, the index "Number of population at risk" with a weight of 8.5%, "Independence and territorial integrity" with a weight of 7.8% and "Defense capability" with a weight of 7.8%, respectively, have the highest weight and importance. Are assigned among the indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - The Foresight of Urban Development with Emphasis on Infrastructure Development (A Case study of Ardabil)
Simin Abafat masoumeh hafezrezazadeh maryam karimiyanbostaniIn the present study, the researchers have considered 30 major factors which were identified as indicators in the city's development in Ardabil. After determining the role, relationship and weight of the influential factors in the urban development, the indicators were MoreIn the present study, the researchers have considered 30 major factors which were identified as indicators in the city's development in Ardabil. After determining the role, relationship and weight of the influential factors in the urban development, the indicators were fed into the Mike Mac software. Finally, after scoring for compiling the scenarios, they were processed using the Wizard scenario software. Finally, 38 cases were obtained for 30 key factors affecting the future of Ardabil urban development. Combining these possible scenarios, 7176 combined scenarios were extracted. These scenarios included 22 high-compatibility, 7012 low-compatibility, and 142 incompatible scenarios. The results of the study showed that two scenarios were more likely to occur in the future development of Ardabil of which one was favorable and under ideal conditions (progressive scenario) while the other one was relatively favorable and intermediate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - The Impact of Implementing Developmental Stimulating Projects on Improving the Physical Conditions of Residential Environments (A Case Study of Limjir Neighborhood in Isfahan)
Mahin Nastaran Mahsa Fatahian Ahmad RahimiOne of the new concepts in urban planning is regeneration using the urban catalyst approach and it is used as a tool to regenerate the existing urban fabrics. Urban regeneration and catalyst project drives have different dimensions from the physical ones on which this s MoreOne of the new concepts in urban planning is regeneration using the urban catalyst approach and it is used as a tool to regenerate the existing urban fabrics. Urban regeneration and catalyst project drives have different dimensions from the physical ones on which this study has focused. After reviewing the characteristics of urban catalyst projects, the physical indices were identified. Then, the physical changes in the residential environment of the Limjir neighborhood located in the 11th district of Isfahan before and after the construction of Limjir street as a catalyst project during the years 2009 to 2016, were evaluated and analyzed using a variety of methods, library, and field measurement methods. Then, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process model (AHP) weighting, scoring, and calculation of the integration index in two conditions before and after implementation of the catalyst project is addressed. A comparison of index values in two periods 2009 and 2016 shows that the construction of Limjir Street causes the development and improvement of the physical status of the Limjir neighborhood. Also, the calculation and comparison of the integration index show that the physical condition of the Limjir neighborhood has improved by 0.308 in comparison to the situation before the construction of the catalyst project in 1388. Factors such as improving access to Limjir street, investment in the housing sector and extensive construction, increased service, and mixing of land uses have had the highest share in creating positive changes in the Limjir neighborhood. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Industrial endogenous development in Iran and selected countries
Mirabdollah Hosseini Lotfali AgheliThis paper attempts to conceptualize and examine regional endogenous development model for World’s regions and Iran. The work presented here contributes to the design of Manufacturing Industries endogenous development model (MIEDM) which is tested in the World by MoreThis paper attempts to conceptualize and examine regional endogenous development model for World’s regions and Iran. The work presented here contributes to the design of Manufacturing Industries endogenous development model (MIEDM) which is tested in the World by assessing the domestic forces and drivers of development based in World Selected Countries. The paper introduces a conceptual model for the study and then develops and tests the model with data for the primary Countries of the World. Large and positive correlation is found between measures of latent and explanatory independent and dependent variables in the regional endogenous model. Specifically it is found that such endogenous factors as Institution, human Capital, Entrepreneurship, Leadership, Innovation and Resource Endowment are critical driving force for achieving increased regional productivity and thus tailoring of polices to support regional endogenous development. Based on the results, it is suggested that planners and policy makers consider the capacity and ability of industries to adapt positively to the situation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Investigation Industrial Convergence in Iranian Provinces: Spatial Econometrics Approach (SDM)
Sara Masoumzade mehdi shirafkan lamssu Morteza SayareThe aim of present study is to identify the convergence of productivity in the provinces of Iran from 2007 and 2010. In order to evaluate, the researcher used the absolute and conditional beta convergence. With respect to the importance of the neighborhood effect in the MoreThe aim of present study is to identify the convergence of productivity in the provinces of Iran from 2007 and 2010. In order to evaluate, the researcher used the absolute and conditional beta convergence. With respect to the importance of the neighborhood effect in the study, the spatial economy method is used. The result shows that the absolute beta convergence has been approved and this coefficient has the numerical value 0.12.Thiscoefficientisstatistically significant. The conditional convergence coefficient is equal to 0.24, and the coefficient is statistically significant at the 1% level. The control variables in the conditional convergence included industrial diversification, industrial evenness, access to interstate road infrastructure, human capital. Industrial diversification and level of education have negative effect, and industrial evenness positive and access to the road infrastructure have positive effect on productivity convergence. Based on the results of the study it can be suggested that policy- makers and economic planners take more attention to the evenness industry based on the potential of each region Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Investigating the role of factors affecting to satisfaction rate of Therapeutic Tourists in Ahwaz city with emphasizing to foreign tourists
nasrin mehdizadeh Azadeh AmiriThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the capabilities of Ahwaz city in attracting foreign therapeutic tourists. Based on its nature and methodology, this study is of descriptive and analytical type; and based on the purpose, it is of the applied type. The statistic MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the capabilities of Ahwaz city in attracting foreign therapeutic tourists. Based on its nature and methodology, this study is of descriptive and analytical type; and based on the purpose, it is of the applied type. The statistical population of this study is consisted of therapeutic tourists and specialists and experts in the field of medical treatment. In order to collect information, two researcher-made questionnaires were used. One-sample t-test was used to analyze the data. The AHP method was used to rank the factors affecting the development of therapeutic tourism in Ahvaz city. The results indicated that the health, services and welfare infrastructures in Ahwaz are sufficient to satisfy the needs of tourists and this shows their high satisfaction with these infrastructures, but from the medical centers specialists and experts’ view point, the infrastructures are not sufficient. To determine the decision options, factors affecting the development of therapeutic tourism, medical resources, traveling services and marketing were considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Studying the feasibility of smart tourism with emphasis on the essentials and infrastructure requirements (case study of mashhad metropolis)
sussan nadaliIn any cases, in many countries, the tourism industry is considered as a high-income industry and it is considered as one of the main sources of foreign exchange earnings. Due to the role and importance of the tourism industry in various aspects, including foreign excha MoreIn any cases, in many countries, the tourism industry is considered as a high-income industry and it is considered as one of the main sources of foreign exchange earnings. Due to the role and importance of the tourism industry in various aspects, including foreign exchange earnings and income source for the state, it can be the source of Employment creation. In today's world, we can say almost everything we see is smart. The tourism industry need is also no exception to intelligent manufacturing. Nevertheless, the research on smart tourism in Iran has been very limited. So the existence of intelligent tourism is necessary for the provision of services with higher quality and speed. The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of intelligent tourism as one of the most important challenges facing Mashhad's tourism destination, Mashhad tourism business ecosystems and tourists' experiences, and avoid the realization of tourism. Research is considered as the result of applied research and subsequently, in terms of the type of research purpose, is descriptive and in terms of qualitative data type. The data collection tool is a questionnaire and is used for analysis of SPSS software. Data were analyzed by variance analysis. As a result, research hypotheses confirming the existence of intelligent tourism infrastructure in Mashhad city were confirmed. At the end, there are suggestions for the development and implementation of smart tourism and suggestions for continuing research in this area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - DIGITAL EVOLUTION AND REVIEWING THE INFRASTRUCTURAL AND ATTITUDE CHANGES BASED ON ONLINE SALES IN TOURISM (Case study: The city of Isfahan)
Amir Masoud Lavafan Amir GandomkarThe importance of tourism with regards to reductions in oil revenues and the problems of returning oil revenues to the country has become more intense in recent years. The share of tourism in Iran in terms of global tourism turnover, as well as the number of entries and MoreThe importance of tourism with regards to reductions in oil revenues and the problems of returning oil revenues to the country has become more intense in recent years. The share of tourism in Iran in terms of global tourism turnover, as well as the number of entries and the rates of hotel occupancy have grown steadily over the past three years, the income growth of which will have a direct impact on the lives of the Iranian people. The effect of the Internet and the current generation reliance on IT-based new technologies in the tourism industry have grown dramatically in the world, especially in Iran, over the last three years. The use of smartphones and the reliance of a significant percentage of Iranian people Iran to reserve applications in various businesses indicate the shift in the nature of the purchase from the in-person basis to the online condition, and the reduction of transportation costs as well as accelerating the implementation of activities are among the reasons for increasing this type Shopping. Using a questionnaire and by collection of information from hotel directors and managers of travel agencies in Isfahan during the period of 2018, this study has dealt with examining the changes in the required infrastructures for the growth of online tourism. The statistics obtained through the SPSS software are herewith categorized and analyzed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Infrastructure and quality of life (studied in the villages of Tarom city)
majid mohammadi Mahboubeh Babaei Alieh ShekarbeigiQuality of life can be affected by many factors and components, some of which are related to rural infrastructure (such as roads, public transportation, health centers, schools, etc.) and others are related to personal characteristics and Individuals (such as age, gende MoreQuality of life can be affected by many factors and components, some of which are related to rural infrastructure (such as roads, public transportation, health centers, schools, etc.) and others are related to personal characteristics and Individuals (such as age, gender, marital status, etc.). The aim of this study was to assess the infrastructure and quality of life of villagers in Tarom city. For this purpose, descriptive-analytical and field survey methods were used. The statistical population of this study consists of the villagers of Tarom city. Using simple random sampling method and Cochran sampling method, 371 N were selected and a questionnaire was randomly distributed among them. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software. Multivariate regression test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to measure the impact of these factors on the quality of life of villagers. The findings showed that among the individual factors (age, gender, education, family size, marital status, amount of land under cultivation, Income, type of work, type of crop and type of horticultural product) There was a significant relationship between variables of income, amount of land under cultivation and type of horticultural product with dependent variable (quality of life) and also between independent factors (agricultural infrastructure, physical infrastructure, institutional infrastructure and social infrastructure). There was no significant difference between the institutional infrastructures and the dependent variable (quality of life) and regarding the general conclusion that the majority of the sample size assessed the quality of life as average. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Infrastructure and Its Role in Tourism Development (A Case Study of Makran Beaches)
sakine hedairyaminToday, tourism is the most important economic activity in the world on the one hand and the most important scientific issue on the other hand. Therefore, policies, strategies, and tourism planning are important intellectual challenges of the human community. The length MoreToday, tourism is the most important economic activity in the world on the one hand and the most important scientific issue on the other hand. Therefore, policies, strategies, and tourism planning are important intellectual challenges of the human community. The length of the Gulf of Oman in the southeast of Balochistan is wide. The present study is an applied research in terms of its purpose and descriptive-analytical based on the nature and method. Its sample size has been determined based on Cochran's formula of 384 people. The general results of the research confirm that the infrastructure and facilities in the study area have favorable growth only in small parts of the region while they have not been very desirable in other parts. Also, with 95% confidence it can be said that transportation, welfare and hospitality facilities, tourism infrastructure intermediary services, etc. have all significant effect on the development of tourism in Makran beaches. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Assessment of Infrastructure and Capacities for Sustainable Tourism Development: A Case Study of the Khorramabad to Arak Axis in Lorestan Province
amir hoseinian rad Maryam Beyranvandzadeh nobakht sobhani ali sajadiThe tourism industry operates as an interconnected system, where the synergy between its components is crucial. Tourist attractions alone are insufficient to drive travel or foster industry growth; instead, it is imperative to provide facilities and infrastructure to ac MoreThe tourism industry operates as an interconnected system, where the synergy between its components is crucial. Tourist attractions alone are insufficient to drive travel or foster industry growth; instead, it is imperative to provide facilities and infrastructure to accommodate tourists. This research aims to assess the role of infrastructure and capabilities in the sustainable development of tourism along the Khorramabad to Arak axis. A descriptive-analytical approach was employed, utilizing document analysis and surveys through a researcher-made questionnaire. The research findings were analyzed and evaluated using the CoCoSo method, focusing on four infrastructure indicators: physical infrastructure (six dimensions), government infrastructure (four dimensions), service infrastructure (six dimensions), and cultural infrastructure (four dimensions). The results indicate that physical infrastructure plays a pivotal role in tourism development along the studied axis, achieving a score of 3.61 and ranking first. Service and government (management-institutional) infrastructures secured the second and third positions, with scores of 3.56 and 2.24, respectively. Cultural infrastructure, with a score of 1.46, obtained the lowest rating, indicating its relatively lower importance compared to the other dimensions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Ranking the Cities of Hamedan province based on Tourism Capacity Using ANOVA
Azita Nobakht Nejat Mahmood AmiriPlanning the tourism areas is performed by considering the potentials of these areas, and this will lead to greater co-ordination among the tourists. As a result, the effects of overpopulation in some places that will result in environmental costs can be minimized. This MorePlanning the tourism areas is performed by considering the potentials of these areas, and this will lead to greater co-ordination among the tourists. As a result, the effects of overpopulation in some places that will result in environmental costs can be minimized. This research is based on the main objective of tourism capacity building according to some of the most effective attractions of urban tourists and using advanced statistical models. The research method is descriptive-analytical and in terms of gathering data is a survey study. The data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 19. The results of the research indicated that the criteria for capacity building of urban walkways in the province in order are Hamedan, Malayer, Kabudarahang, Nahavand, Toyserkan, Razan, Asadabad and Bahar respectively. After prioritization, the understudied areas were determined in terms of tourism infrastructure based on which Hamadan and Malayer had a very good, Kabudarahang and Nahavand middle, and Tuyserkan weak and the cities of Razan, Asadabad and Bahar very weak tourism infrastructures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Multimodal transportation development strategies in order to increase competitiveness and infrastructural development in the country's transit and logistics space
sorosh oroji Mohamadhoseyan ShokatpoorThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating multimodal transportation development strategies in order to increase competitiveness and infrastructure development in the transit and logistics area of the country. This study is a quantitative research in term MoreThis research was conducted with the aim of investigating multimodal transportation development strategies in order to increase competitiveness and infrastructure development in the transit and logistics area of the country. This study is a quantitative research in terms of its practical purpose, in terms of the method of collecting descriptive survey information, and in terms of the method of data analysis. The statistical population of this research consisted of all the employees of Kashtrani Combined Transport Company, whose number was 250, and 120 of them were selected by random sampling. The tool for collecting information in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the measurement tool was performed using the first order confirmatory factor analysis and the factor loading for all items was greater than 0.4. The overall reliability of this questionnaire was calculated and confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient greater than 0.7. The findings showed that laws and decrees with an impact factor of 0.281, the type of export and import needs with an impact factor of 0.280, the development of multimodal transport companies with an impact factor of 0.286, and hardware and software infrastructure with an impact factor of 0.257. The development of multimodal transportation has a significant impact at the 95% confidence level. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Fuzzy Analysis of the Influence of Factors on the Integration of Telecommunication Technology Infrastructure Using ANFIS
Reza Talebi Abbas Khamseh Mohammadhassan Cheraghali -
Open Access Article
68 - Identifying and Prioritizing of the Effective Factors on Brand Building of Virtual Education at the University of Isfahan
Soheila Mehrabi Bibi Eshrat Zamani Seyed Bagher RashidThe main purpose of the study was to identify and prioritize the effective factors on Brand Buildingof virtual education at the University of Isfahan. In terms of purpose it was an applied study, and in terms of the nature of the method it was exploratory mixed. The pop MoreThe main purpose of the study was to identify and prioritize the effective factors on Brand Buildingof virtual education at the University of Isfahan. In terms of purpose it was an applied study, and in terms of the nature of the method it was exploratory mixed. The population of the study was all virtual students in three majors of library and information science, executive management and MBA at the University of Isfahan in 2014-2015 academic year. 188 students were chosen as the sample through random sampling method based on Morgan and Krejcie’s table. Using sources as libraries, internet and experts’ opinion, branding features of universities were extracted and used to make a questionnaire that was used for data collection. Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. After identifying and classifying components of branding of the virtual education as four main categories: Human, Strategy, Infrastructure and Process, all items for each component were investigated and prioritized. The results showed that intuition cost in the strategy component, easy access to a university portal in the infrastructure component, appointing expertise employees in the human component, and finally financial support for students in the process dimension were the most important factors for branding in virtual education at the University of Isfahan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Identifying and Ranking the Influential Factors on E-Citizenship Readiness in Iran Using FAHP Approach
Rahim Ghasemiyeh Khodakaram Salimifard Kobra MokhtariIn Islamic-Iranian citizen’s area, the fundamental objective in ‎Perspective Document for Iran has been defined as "to meet religious democratic society with the use of IT in order to facilitate and achieve social justice, promotion of life quality, and citize MoreIn Islamic-Iranian citizen’s area, the fundamental objective in ‎Perspective Document for Iran has been defined as "to meet religious democratic society with the use of IT in order to facilitate and achieve social justice, promotion of life quality, and citizens' moral and scientific virtues development. Using fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) approach, this research, focusing on five dimensions, namely technological, legal, managerial, cultural and educational infrastructures, intended to classify influential criteria in enabling e-citizens. The research method was descriptive survey and structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Results indicated that technological infrastructures were of greater importance than the others. Also, among the sub-criteria, factors such as internet networks and bandwidth extension, charter and regulations compilation in IT area, the existence of expert and experienced IT managers, privacy security awareness increase, providing infrastructures for schools (software and hardware), number of IT experts, and interaction training in internet were recognized, respectively, as enabling factors in e-citizens training. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Determining the Main Factors Causing the Tendency to E-learning among the Professors of Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch
Mahmonir Alizadeh Batool Faghih Aram Amirhossein MahdizadehThe purpose of this study was to identify the main factors causing the tendency to e-learning among the professors of Islamic Azad University of Islamshahr. Considering the purpose, the study was an applied research adopting an exploratory survey approach for the data c MoreThe purpose of this study was to identify the main factors causing the tendency to e-learning among the professors of Islamic Azad University of Islamshahr. Considering the purpose, the study was an applied research adopting an exploratory survey approach for the data collection. The statistical population consisted of 300 faculty members working in different faculties in 2014. Using the stratified random sampling and according to the H. S. Bola table, 169 people were selected as the statistical sample. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to identify the factors causing the tendency to e-learning among the professors. The validity of the questionnaire was verified by professors and experts and the Chronbach's alpha was used to estimate the reliability which was 0.79. Using the SPSS software and the exploratory factor analysis, the research data were analyzed in two sections of descriptive and inferential statistics. Based on the findings, the factors including managers’ support, environmental factors, infrastructures, educational system equipment, and e-learning content had the highest impact (70%). Also, the other factors including high-speed internet, hardware facilities, and observing standards influenced the tendency to e-learning among the professors of Islamic Azad University of Islamshahr. The specific values of the first and second factors were 65.68 and 18.005, respectively. According to the variance results, the first and second priorities are respectively managers’ support and environmental factors, infrastructures, and e-learning equipment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Assessing the goals achievement of school smartization plan and identifying the challenges and obstacles facing these schools- case study Ilam city
mahdizadeh mahdizadeh Maryam AziziThis study aimed at assessing the goals achievement of school smartization plan in Ilamsꞌ city and identifying the challenges and obstacles facing these schools by using mixed method (quantitative and qualitative). Managers and experts, schoolsꞌ principals, technology s MoreThis study aimed at assessing the goals achievement of school smartization plan in Ilamsꞌ city and identifying the challenges and obstacles facing these schools by using mixed method (quantitative and qualitative). Managers and experts, schoolsꞌ principals, technology sub-principals and teachers, students and parents were population of this study. In qualitative section, 4 groups (5 people in each group) of managers and experts, schoolsꞌ principals, technology sub-principals and teachers, students and parents were selected as a sample. In quantitative section, 235 schoolsꞌ principals, technology sub-principals and teachers and 1274 students were population of this study that 144 and 297 people of them respectively were selected as a sample based on Morgan's Table. Samples in quantitative section of study were selected by using random sampling method and samples in qualitative section were selected by using purposeful sampling method. Researcher-made questionnaire, interview and focus groups were the research tools. The results showed that intended goals in cognitive, affective and psychomotor domain have been achieved on average level. Furthermore, psychomotor goals have been achieved more than cognitive and affective goals. Challenges and obstacles facing smart schools were identified and calcified in 8 dimensions from the perspective of informed and key groups. Identified dimensions included hardware and software infrastructure, content, teacher, student, parent, supportive tools, educational laws and regulations and evaluation system and educational culture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - The Impact of Knowledge Infrastructure on Innovative Performance of Information and Communications Technology Organizations
mehdi khakzadian majid fattahi Mohammad SalehiThe purpose of the present study is to investigate the impact of knowledge infrastructures on innovative performance in organizations based on information and communication technology in Mazandaran province. The present research is applied in terms of purpose. The stati MoreThe purpose of the present study is to investigate the impact of knowledge infrastructures on innovative performance in organizations based on information and communication technology in Mazandaran province. The present research is applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this study is all managers and employees of information and communication technology based organizations in Mazandaran province in year 2020. Morgan table was used to select the sample size and 196 people were selected by stratified random sampling. For data collection, Knowledge Infrastructure Questionnaire(2015), and Innovative Performance Questionnaire(2020) were used. Structural Equation Test was used for data analysis using PLS3 software. The results showed that knowledge infrastructure has a positive and significant effect on innovation performance in organizations based on information and communication technology in Mazandaran province. Also, considering their factor loadings, among the structures of knowledge management infrastructure, organizational structures, organizational structure, technology, financial resources, processes and people are the most important ones. And among the innovative performance structures, sales growth, strategic innovations, increasing the tendency to innovate, surviving and increasing market share, decision making speed and increasing the willingness to take risks are the most important. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - تصمیمسازی ورود و توسعه دو نوع فناوری HVDC و EHVAC برای ایران با استفاده از الگوریتم تصمیمسازی MULTIMOORA
Ali Aranizadeh Mehrzad Kazemi Homayoun Barahmandpour mirpouya mirmozaffariامروزه جمعیت در مناطق شهری روزبهروز در حال افزایش است و نیاز مصرف نیز به همان شدت افزایش مییابد. این حجم از مصرف، نیاز به مراکز تولید توان با حجم انبوه را نیز طلب میکند که این دو عامل خود موجب گرایش تکنولوژی به سمت سیستمهای انتقال توان با ظرفیت بالا خواهد شد. در این Moreامروزه جمعیت در مناطق شهری روزبهروز در حال افزایش است و نیاز مصرف نیز به همان شدت افزایش مییابد. این حجم از مصرف، نیاز به مراکز تولید توان با حجم انبوه را نیز طلب میکند که این دو عامل خود موجب گرایش تکنولوژی به سمت سیستمهای انتقال توان با ظرفیت بالا خواهد شد. در این میان دو نوع فناوری انتقال توان الکتریکی HVDC و EHVAC قابل بررسی خواهد بود. منتهی هر یک از این دو نوع فناوری همچنان در کشور ایران استفاده نشده است و برهمین اساس میبایست تصمیمی جهت ورود و توسعه هر یک از این فناوریها گرفته شود. همچنین ورود هردوی این فناوریها نیز به-صرفه نخواهد بود. در نتیجه در این مقاله به تصمیمگیری در مورد انتخاب ورود و توسعه یکی از دو نوع فناوری HVDC و EHVAC خواهیم پرداخت. برای این منظور ابتدا معیارهای این انتخاب را به تفصیل بیان کرده و سپس با استفاده از الگوریتم تصمیمسازی مالتی-مورا، به تصمیمگیری نهایی خواهیم رسید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Prioritizing the Cities of Sistan and Baluchistan Province in Terms of Tourism Infrastructure
Morteza Sadegh Bakhtiari Masoumeh Hafez Rezazadeh سجاد poudineh Zahra SarabandiTourism infrastructures are among the effective factors that can directly lead to the provision of services، and having them can help to improve the quality of life of the local community in addition to influencing the development of tourism. This research was conducted MoreTourism infrastructures are among the effective factors that can directly lead to the provision of services، and having them can help to improve the quality of life of the local community in addition to influencing the development of tourism. This research was conducted with the aim of prioritizing the cities of Sistan and Baluchistan province in terms of tourism infrastructure. The present research is based on descriptive-analytical method. Statistical Research Society of Sistan and Baluchistan province by dividing its cities (Zahedan، Zabul، Chabahar، Saravan، Zahak، Sib and Soran، Mehrestan، Khash، Hirmand، Nimroz، Hamon، Nik-Shahr، Iranshahr، Kanarak، Delgan، Sarbaz، Mirjaveh، Fanuj، Qasrqand). Through the technique of Fazi Topsis and A. it. Priority has been given to the cities. Based on the results obtained from TOPSIS fuzzy and the prioritization of the cities of Sistan and Baluchistan province، Khash city with a weight value of 0.893 is in the first priority، Chabahar city is in the second priority with a weight value of 0.867، Zahedan city with the weight value of 0.831 is in the third priority، Nikshahr city with the weight value of 0.800 is in the fourth priority، Zabul city is in the fifth place with the weight value of 0.717. Also، Mehrestan city with a weight value of 0.000 has been placed in the last priority. Also، in terms of the degree of development of the cities، in terms of tourism infrastructure، the cities were grouped into three groups: developed، developing and deprived. Based on this، the cities of Khash، Chabahar، Zahedan and Nikshahr are developed، the cities of Zabol، Iranshahr، Kanarak and Mirjaveh are developing and the cities of Saravan، Zahak، Sarbaz، Hamon، Sib and Soran، Hirmand and Delgan.، Nimroz، Fanuj، Qasrqand and Mehrestan are excluded. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - On the Enjoyment Level Measurement of Markazi Province Cities in terms of Tourism Infrastructures
sh. isalou A. khaksari rafsanjani M. saidi radTodays, tourism is considered as the most important income generating activities, specially in order to reduce dependence on oil in the country and in some recent decades, has attracted the attention of many scholars, planners, and planners in various fields of science MoreTodays, tourism is considered as the most important income generating activities, specially in order to reduce dependence on oil in the country and in some recent decades, has attracted the attention of many scholars, planners, and planners in various fields of science to the development and implementation of the industry's expansion plans. Among the topics and programs that require special attention to provide tourists satisfaction and boost the tourism market of the country is the topic of tourism infrastructure. This study was conducted to determine the distribution of tourism infrastructure in Markazi province and ranking of cities in terms of level of utilization using Topsis-Saw technique and to determine the distribution of infrastructure, Pearsonian's Skewness Coefficient was used. The present study was descriptive-analytic and the required data had been gathered by documentary and library method. The results show that counties Arak, Saveh and Khomein and also, counties Khandab and Farahan had the first and the last grades, respectively. Also, the results of using Pearsonian's Skewness Coefficient showed the imbalance and weakness of the cities of the province in terms of having a tourism infrastructure. Therefore, prioritizing the cities of this province in terms of criteria such as tourism potential, sphere of influence, developmental stimulus regions, and incentive to invest in order to optimize the distribution of infrastructure is imperative to review and take serious action which had to be reviewed and taken action seriously in development and logistics documents of the Markazi province. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Explaining Spatial Pattern of Urban Flourishing Indicators in Iran New Approach to Metropolitan Sustainability Study (A Case Study of Tehran Metropolis)
Mansour Rezaali Hossein Hataminejad Hasanali Farajisabokbar Sayed Ali alavi Safar ghaed RahmatiExtended AbstractIntroductionThe prosperity of cities was first presented in UN-Habitat report, 2013, as City Prosperity Index. The report is a response to the multi-dimensional crises occurred in the recent decades in the world. This report defined urban prosperity and MoreExtended AbstractIntroductionThe prosperity of cities was first presented in UN-Habitat report, 2013, as City Prosperity Index. The report is a response to the multi-dimensional crises occurred in the recent decades in the world. This report defined urban prosperity and examined some multi-dimensional indices for that. Instead of evaluation of the one-dimensional economic factors such as production and income, this report has a new approach to evaluation of infrastructures, equality, sustainability, and quality of life. Each dimension contributes to having a better understanding of the urban prosperity. The cities in Iran are also faced with rapid urban growth and unbalanced urban development. The prosperity index can help assess the development and find shortages to devise solutions. Given that any society is consisted of the unique cultures, believes, and characteristics of that society, development in any society appropriate to its own characteristics is different from any other societies. This research attempts to review the criteria and indices of the urban prosperity to explain the pattern in Tehran City and also develop the structure for this city. The purpose of this study also is to tailor the indices to urbanization condition in Iran, particularly metropolis of Tehran. MethodologyResult and Discussion Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Analysis of Rural Quality of Life (Case Study of Tarom Villages)
Majid Mohammadi Mahbubeh Babaei Alieh ShekarbeygiThe quality of rural life is defined as the objective condition of the lives of families and villages. In this regard, the present study was titled Quality of Life Analysis in Tarom Townships in the Year 2016. The statistical population of the present study is Tarom Tow MoreThe quality of rural life is defined as the objective condition of the lives of families and villages. In this regard, the present study was titled Quality of Life Analysis in Tarom Townships in the Year 2016. The statistical population of the present study is Tarom Township, out of a village with more than 100 villages (10 villages in the central part and 10 villages in the village of 20) 37 Samples were randomly selected. The method used in this descriptive-analytical study and the tool used in this research is a researcher-made questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using spss software and descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation test. Multivariate regression was performed. Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that individual factors (age, gender, education, household size, marital status, amount of land planted, income, type of work, occupation, type of crop, type of horticultural product, personal means), only income variables. Significant relationship was also found between independent factors (agricultural infrastructure, physical infrastructure, institutional infrastructure, social infrastructure, social facilities, welfare, family participation), ownership, occupation, amount of land cultivated, type of horticulture, and personal livelihood (quality of life). There were no significant differences with the dependent variable (quality of life) Concerning the general conclusion that the majority of the sample size assessed the quality of life in the middle. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Identifying and analyzing the key components affecting the improvement of justice in access to urban infrastructure (case study: Tabriz Hasht District)
Adel Pourghorban Abbas Arghan Zeinab karkeabadIntroduction: Historical spaces of cities as symbols of identity to city that for some reasons such as the passage of time, lack of compliance with the principles of modern urban planning, communication routes, non-engineering access, etc, have lost their effectiveness, MoreIntroduction: Historical spaces of cities as symbols of identity to city that for some reasons such as the passage of time, lack of compliance with the principles of modern urban planning, communication routes, non-engineering access, etc, have lost their effectiveness, despite the importance of historical spaces These spaces have a low enjoyment coefficient in terms of access to urban infrastructure, and solving this problem depends on accurate identification of components, understanding the relationships between components and finally identifying key components.Aim: The main goal of the current research is to identify the key components in the field of improving justice in access to urban infrastructure in the historic-cultural municipality of region of Tabriz.Methodology: The research is applied, and its descriptive-analytical approach is based on the prospective approach. Research data has been obtained using Delphi group comments. The number of components of the research includes 21 components in service, urban, managerial, and historical dimensions. Also, the members of the Delphi group included 19 people.Geography area of research: The scope of the present study is the historical-cultural municipality basin of the eight metropolitan areas of Tabriz, where more than 80% of the historical monuments of Tabriz are located in this region.Results and discussion: The findings showed that out of a total of 21 components affecting the improvement of justice in access to urban infrastructure in historical contexts, 11 components are the key components. The most important key components are the improvement of visual quality, improvement of transportation, and retrofitting old buildings, etc. Also, the results of the Electra test in the field of prioritizing the seven neighborhoods located in the historical-cultural municipality of the 8th region of Tabriz showed that, respectively, the neighborhoods of Shahnaz, Bazzar, Mansour, Maghsoodieh, Daneshsara, Karabagh-Balahamam, and Taplibagh-Damaskia are in the first to seventh priorities.Conclusion: The results of the research showed that the three components of improving the quality of public transportation in historical contexts, the per capita improvement of urban green spaces, and the preservation of historical symbols as three key Factors in the field of improving justice in access to urban infrastructures in historical contexts. From this point of view, it can be said that Shahnaz, Bazzar, and Maghsoodieh neighborhoods have grades one to three, respectively, in terms of access to urban infrastructure. Finally, practical proposals were presented in the field of promoting justice in access to urban infrastructures of historical contexts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Comparative assessment of tourism in the aim villages of Golestan Province
Khadije Buzar jomehri Mehdi modudi arkhodiUnemployment and lack of employment opportunities as the main problem in rural areas, while driving a significant portion of human resources in rural areas , has been imposed undesirable effects on population structure, social and economic urban and rural areas has been MoreUnemployment and lack of employment opportunities as the main problem in rural areas, while driving a significant portion of human resources in rural areas , has been imposed undesirable effects on population structure, social and economic urban and rural areas has been imposed. Status of agriculture in the future reflect the reality that, increasing employment in rural areas requires the development of industry and services sectors and therefore one of the main strategies to solve rural problems is, structural and functional diversification of rural economy. Rural tourism as an empowerment strategy and having comparative advantage can cause economic development through entrepreneurship and private investment, and create the necessary background for development of small and medium businesses. Precondition for the realization of this case is identifying the centers that have advantages of tourism attraction. This study has been done for identifying the potential for sustainable tourism in the aim villages of Golestan Province and prioritize them for necessary investments. This research is applied and based on the descriptive-analytical methods.The population of the study in clouds 30 relevant experts and 384 households determined by Cochran formula. Data collected have been possible through library resources and field survey and prioritization of villages based on (Topsis) model. Research findings shows that there is not an effective agreement between the level abilities of natural, cultural-historical tourism villages of zone, with the infrastructure level of them. On the other hand a significant correlation between the volume of tourist and infrastructure potential, shows that enjoyment of natural, cultural-historic potential of villages is not possible without improving infrastructure potential of them. Using topsis model and rating tourism capabilities was specified that from thirteen tourist villages in Golestan provinceZeearat village from Gorgan county, Pa qale from Ramian county and Afratakhte in Ali Abad county have the most tourism potential.to increase the number of tourists Of the goal villages improving the basic facilities and gradation of the accessibility have been suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Use of MCDM Methods in order to Prioritize Tourism (Case Study: Ardebil Province)
بابک توکلی مهدی عالی پور اردی فاطمه جهانی شکیبToday, tourism is considered an important industry for furthering economy for revenue and also an important source for achieving sustainable development through use of all considerations in the area of sustainable development. Tourist development as a set of economic ac MoreToday, tourism is considered an important industry for furthering economy for revenue and also an important source for achieving sustainable development through use of all considerations in the area of sustainable development. Tourist development as a set of economic activities has a significant impact in strengthening economic foundations of societies. In order to find out which regions in Ardebil have different talents for tourism, we attempted to prioritize the cities of this state by use of multi-criteria decision-making methods. For this purpose, we used tourism infrastructures in these regions, according to established guidelines with the purpose of providing service and development profit to tourists and travellers or guests.We used compound AHP and TOPSIS models to pritorize Ardebil city’s. The results of decision-making methods showed that residential in frastructures and tourism areas have gained the most points and scores from the view of experts and university teachers and finally tourists, and the importance of these two has been the determinant of priority of towns for tourism. For proving this, it can be observed that towns of Sar’ein and Ardebil have had more residential infrastructures and tourism areas are finally considered as the top priorities having ability to attract tourists. One can point to high capability of used methods that have well managed to be useful in the present study. Also, suggestions have been presented in order to further tourism in achieved areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - The Strategy of Spatial Distribution of Rural Society Infrastructures of the Country
shohreh taj javad razmiThe lack of a comprehensive evaluation of the enjoyment of and relative level of rural society infrastructures of the contry based on scientific methods and relying on precise information and statistics is the most important barrier on and problem of rural plans. Scienc MoreThe lack of a comprehensive evaluation of the enjoyment of and relative level of rural society infrastructures of the contry based on scientific methods and relying on precise information and statistics is the most important barrier on and problem of rural plans. Science some information and statistics needed for the rural society is not subject to censuses in the demography and housing general censuses made by the Iranian center for statistics all over the contry , the indices of this research are provided based on the plan for the census of rural housing specifications made for the 1st time by the Iranian center for statistics and hosing foundation of the Islamic republic of Iran for 28 provinces of the country in summer 2003 . 208 compound indices are identified in the 1st phase of the research , then , with the objective of crediting indices by CV method, the most proper indices are classified under two behavioral and non-behavioral understanding senses, then ,using numerical Taxonomy method and Morris method and through a final combination of these two methods , the rural society of the contry has been classified under three levels: a-Combination of infrastructural , welfare, and development indices infrastructural indices, and c-welfare and development indices, in order to find out opportunities and foreign threads, then, in order to find out domestic factors, including weak and power points, the amount of the distribution of services was verified through denim method. Then, information was combined in swat method and twelve strategies were chosen. Finally, strategies were evaluated and priorities were determined based on strategy of Qualitative programming matrix (SQPM). Seven strategies were given priority one and crash program in view of thought, education, technology, and production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - The role of residential infrastructures in tourism activities of Rasht
mohamad soleimani moghadam ghasem eslamiConsidering that residential infrastructures are the most important components of tourism environmental system, quality and quantity of these infrastructures to increase tourism activities especially to attract tourists would be effective. Despite high capabilitie MoreConsidering that residential infrastructures are the most important components of tourism environmental system, quality and quantity of these infrastructures to increase tourism activities especially to attract tourists would be effective. Despite high capabilities to attract tourists, Iran has not provided a proper condition to exploit and develop residential infrastructures as developed countries. In this regard lots of structural problems such as quantity and quantity, and skill and spatiality degree of staffs in residential centers related to tourism attraction, are one of the basic problems and challenges of Rasht city so that they have affected tourism activities. Method of the research is descriptive and analytical. To conduct the investigation, in addition of collecting library statistics and information, completing questionnaire of tourists who entered to Rasht residential centers and completing interview questionnaire of managers, data were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Findings showed that residential infrastructures are qualitatively and quantitatively effective in tourists' attraction, so that reduction in number of residential centers from 20 units in 2001 to 18 units in 2010, decreased numbers of tourists entered in Rasht residential centers.Findings also represent law degree of literacy and skill of employed human resource in residential centers of Rasht so that 62 percent of them do not have certificate of diploma and 75.5 percent of them were not educated. Findings also revealed that a set of endogenous factors (residential infrastructures, level of literacy and skill of employed human resource) and exogenous factors (strategic policies of the country in tourism sector) in environmental system of tourism have been effective in tourism activities of Rasht city during recent decades. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Access and Utilization of Government Health Facilities by Rural Farm Households: Evidence from Kogi State, Nigeria.
Ufedo Shaibu Mohammed Ibrahim -
Open Access Article
84 - Labour Migration and Rural Agricultural Production in Southwestern Nigeria
Odeleye Taiwo Grace -
Open Access Article
85 - الگوی عملکرد صادراتی صنعت گل و گیاهان زینتی استان مازندران با استفاده از رویکرد نظریه پردازی داده بنیاد
نرگس مهدئی فانیمجید فانی Majid Fattahiبا وجود آن که استان مازندران یکی از قطب­های مهم تولید گل و گیاهان زینتی در ایران است و از پتانسیل بالایی در تولید برخوردار است و نیز علی­رغم همجواری با کشورهای پرمصرف دنیا (نظیر روسیه)، در صادرات این صنعت نقش چشمگیری نداشته است. بر این اساس، هدف پژوهش حاضر، طراح Moreبا وجود آن که استان مازندران یکی از قطب­های مهم تولید گل و گیاهان زینتی در ایران است و از پتانسیل بالایی در تولید برخوردار است و نیز علی­رغم همجواری با کشورهای پرمصرف دنیا (نظیر روسیه)، در صادرات این صنعت نقش چشمگیری نداشته است. بر این اساس، هدف پژوهش حاضر، طراحی الگوی توسعه صادرات صنعت گل و گیاه زینتی استان مازندران با استفاده از یک رویکرد کیفی (رویکرد داده بنیاد) بوده است. داده­های این پژوهش با استفاده از مصاحبه­های عمیق و نیمه باز جمع­آوری گردیده است. مصاحبه شوندگان شامل 16 نفر از خبرگان، فعالان و دست­اندرکاران صادرات در صنعت گل و گیاهان زینتی مازندران بودند که به روش نمونه گیری گلوله برفی انتخاب شدند و نمونه گیری تا اشباع داده­ها ادامه یافت. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها از رویکرد نظریه پردازی داده بنیاد استفاده شده است که نظریه محدودی را ارائه می کند. داده­ها طی سه مرحله کدگذاری باز، کدگذاری محوری و کدگذاری گزینشی مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. مدل پارادایمی حاصل از یافته­های پژوهش، تصویری از شرایط علی، مقوله­های محوری، شرایط زمینه­ای، شرایط مداخله گر، راهبردها و پیامدها بوده است. تجزیه و تحلیل داده­های جمع­آوری شده نشان داد که در توسعه صادرات صنعت گل و گیاهان زینتی استان مازندران، 19 فاکتور موثرند که هیدروسفالی صادراتی، تکنولوژی، تجربه وتعهد بعنوان شرایط علی، قابلیت­های مدیریتی، پایانه صادراتی، الگوبرداری هدفمند (بنچ مارک کشورهای پیشرو درصنعت)، شبکه­سازی صادراتی، فرآوری، استراتژی­های رقابتی، بازاریابی صادراتی و برندینگ، توسعه زیرساخت­های نرم­افزاری و سخت­افزاری صادرات بعنوان راهبردها و نیز رشد پایدار اقتصادی و تقویت دیپلماسی تجاری بعنوان پیامد اجرای راهبردها معرفی شدند. همچنین فضای سیاسی و اقتصادی کسب و کار و رسمی­سازی-متمرکزسازی ساختار صادراتی (بازآفرینی دولت) بعنوان شرایط زمینه­ای و نهایتا اقیانوس قرمز صنعت در بازارهای جهانی و کنش­های جهانی بعنوان شرایط مداخله گر درنظر گرفته شدند که ارتباط آنها در مدل نهایی ارائه گردیده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Production Efficiency of Farmers under National Fadama II Project in Oyo State, Nigeria
O.L Balogun A. Adeoye S.A Yusuf R.J Akinlade A. Carim-SanniThe study examines production efficiency of farmers under National Fadama-II Project in Oyo State Nigeria. Primary data were collected from two hundred and sixty-four farmers using multistage sampling technique. The analytical framework used for the study include: descr MoreThe study examines production efficiency of farmers under National Fadama-II Project in Oyo State Nigeria. Primary data were collected from two hundred and sixty-four farmers using multistage sampling technique. The analytical framework used for the study include: descriptive, infrastructure index, gross margin and stochastic frontier production function. Average infrastructural index in the area was 0.42. The gross margin for IDV was ₦445, 968.30 while for IUV for under-developed in Fadama villages is ₦357, 805.00. Gross margin was higher for Fadama II farmers than non Fadama-II farmers in IDV. The mean technical efficiency was 0.69 and 0.59 for Fadama and non-Fadama farmers respectively. The result showed that technical inefficiency of female Fadama-II farmers reduced by 0.19% while that of non-Fadama II farmers by 1.23%. Similarly, extension contact, marital status and infrastructural status reduced technical inefficiency of Fadama-II farmers by 2.8%, 0.3% and 2.6% respectively. Presence of infrastructure of Fadama-II project has imparted on efficiency of resource use among the beneficiary. There is therefore need to improve on Community Driven Development programme like Fadama-II and on coming Fadama-III project or any developmental project, so as to further impart more technical and economic knowledge to farmers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Study of Effective Factors on Income Inequality Decrease in Rural Areas of Iran
Ali BagherzadehAccording to the Ahlowalia hypothesis (1995), the growth of total factor productivity (TFP) beside infrastructure investments of government lead to income inequality decrease in rural areas of countries. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of MoreAccording to the Ahlowalia hypothesis (1995), the growth of total factor productivity (TFP) beside infrastructure investments of government lead to income inequality decrease in rural areas of countries. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of public investments such as agricultural R&E, road, education and irrigation on income inequality in rural areas of Iran. In order to get results, we used ARDL method and time series data of 1980 to 2008. However, this research attempts to survey the direction of causality between the income inequality and total factor productivity (TFP) in Iran. Empirical results show there is a negative relation between income inequality and agricultural TFP in rural areas of Iran. Hence, additional investments on rural education and agricultural R& E have significance and different impacts on income inequality. Findings showed Ahlowalia hypothesis developed for the relation among income inequality, TFP and investment in electricity is not rejected in case of Iran’s rural areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Designing the infrastructure model for the implementation of knowledge management in public companies of Guilan province.
Amir Shabanpour Mohammad Taleghani Saheb BadriThe purpose of this research is to identify the infrastructural factors affecting the implementation of knowledge management in public companies of Gilan province. In order to carry out this research, firstly, by examining the background of the research, the infrastruct MoreThe purpose of this research is to identify the infrastructural factors affecting the implementation of knowledge management in public companies of Gilan province. In order to carry out this research, firstly, by examining the background of the research, the infrastructural indicators of the implementation of knowledge management were extracted and adjusted using the opinions of experts, and finally it became the questionnaire of this research, and a sample of 384 experts and managers of state-owned companies in Gilan province answered it. . Using the exploratory factor analysis technique, 5 infrastructure factors were identified. Naming and how the relationships between them were analyzed based on theoretical foundations in Delphi group panels, and as a result, the conceptual model of the research was presented. To test and evaluate the model, the technique of structural equations has been used. Of the 5 identified factors, motivation factor with a coefficient of 0.13, organizational maturity factor with a coefficient of 0.25, structural factor with a coefficient of 0.32 and technical factor with a coefficient of 0.23 have a significant impact on the implementation of knowledge management. The GOF criterion is equal to 0.43, which shows that the infrastructural conceptual model of knowledge management implementation in public companies of Gilan province has been confirmed with high fit and strong fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Design and Modeling of Self-Adapting E-Business Systems using Organic Computing
MohebAli Rahdar mostafa derakhshideThe increasing development of information technology and the formation of the digital economy have made the Internet a successful platform for universal business coverage. Due to the vast scope of the Internet and the increasing complexity of systems, computing and busi MoreThe increasing development of information technology and the formation of the digital economy have made the Internet a successful platform for universal business coverage. Due to the vast scope of the Internet and the increasing complexity of systems, computing and business control as a human mechanism has faced errors and wasted time. The purpose of this study is to solve the complexities of e-business in which human beings have the least involvement. The research method is design and modeling of self-adaptive mechanisms by Eni Logic software. Organic calculations and intelligent agents are used to coordinate the components of e-business to increase efficiency and better interaction, and also to implement self-adaptation of the system under Distributed monitoring / control is used. Statistical community and related data were collected from the virtual store company selling health products, which includes the amount of requests, inventory, storage capacity, production and sales costs. A total of 500 samples were randomly selected from the total product request and the data were analyzed by random sampling method. In this study, e-business was simulated through two scenarios of self-adaptation and non-adaptation by Eni Logic software published by Hewlett-Packard in 2000, and the results were compared in terms of cost. Obtained in another model. The superiority of organic systems over other models is its real-time and autonomous features, which are well demonstrated in this model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Studying the status of information technology infrastructure in central libraries of Islamic Azad University, Fifth Region
nadjla hariri yari hossein yari firoz abadiThe present research which has been done by survey method was planned to study the status of information technology infrastructure in the central libraries of Islamic Azad University, fifth Region. The research population includes fifteen central libraries. To collect n MoreThe present research which has been done by survey method was planned to study the status of information technology infrastructure in the central libraries of Islamic Azad University, fifth Region. The research population includes fifteen central libraries. To collect needed information two questionnaires were distributed for managers and librarians working in mentioned libraries. Also, findings analysis was conducted by Excel software. Research findings in all central libraries indicate that 62.5% of librarians have graduated in Librarianship and 37.5% of them have graduated in other disciplines. Additionally, 73.3% of managers have Librarianship education. Study of hardware facilities shows that the most used hardwares, which are being used in these libraries, are computers, Printers, USPs, Telephones and Scanners. Library software and teaching CD-ROMS are the most common softwares being used at the academic libraries in Islamic Azad University, Fifth Region. The most application of electronic facilities belongs to e-books in the form of CD and online databases. Library managers express that the lack of sufficient learning and lack of trained staff are the major barriers in information technology learning. Almost 40% of libraries managers have passed educational courses to learn how to use information technology effectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - The Impact of International Sanctions on Development of Health Tourism in Iran
ایمان امیری حمید احمدی حمید احمدی -
Open Access Article
92 - Factors Affecting Structure, Conduct and Performance of Livestock Markets in Butana Area, Sudan
Hala Ahmed Hassan Mohammed Abdelaziz Abdelfattah Hashim Babo Fadlalla Siegfried Bauer Sahar Ezzat -
Open Access Article
93 - Infrastructures for the Implementation of Educational Policies in Schools (thematic Analysis)
Azar Sargini behnam talebi Omid ali HosseinzadehEducational policy is a type of public policy that can be done both at the school level and at the middle and macro levels of the educational system. However, schools are mainly implementers of educational policies. The current research has examined the infrastructures MoreEducational policy is a type of public policy that can be done both at the school level and at the middle and macro levels of the educational system. However, schools are mainly implementers of educational policies. The current research has examined the infrastructures for the implementation of educational policies in schools. This study was based on a qualitative approach and thematic analysis method, by studying the attitudes and perceptions of experts, middle and operational managers. Based on the inclusion criteria, the perception of 14 people has been investigated using a semi-structured interview. The sampling method was purposeful snowball type. In order to verify the trustworthiness and accuracy of the research information, the reliability criterion was used with the review method by 10 participants and the review of 2 non-participating experts in the research. Data analysis was done by thematic analysis method of Esterberg. From data analysis, 142 codes, 5 themes and 36 sub-themes were obtained. Based on the themes extracted from the research, the infrastructures for implementing educational policies in schools are school administration, students and parents, resources and infrastructure, school planning, school interaction with local institutions. Schools are not only implementers of educational policies, but for the implementation of educational policies, they need appropriate infrastructure inside and outside the school. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - The Study of Factors Affecting Income Inequality in Rural Areas of Iran (The Ahluwalia Approach)
A. BagherzadehAccording to the Ahluwalia hypothesis (1995), the growth of total factor of productivity (TFP) in agricultural sectors along with the other government infrastructural investment in rural areas are the reason of income inequality decrease in these areas.The main objectiv MoreAccording to the Ahluwalia hypothesis (1995), the growth of total factor of productivity (TFP) in agricultural sectors along with the other government infrastructural investment in rural areas are the reason of income inequality decrease in these areas.The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of public investments such as agricultural, road and education(R&E) and Irrigation on income inequality in rural areas of Iran. This research also attempts to study the direction of causality between the income inequality and total factor productivity (TFP) in Iran. Using ARDL methods in the period at 1980 to 2008, empirical results showed that there is a negative relationship between income inequality and agricultural TFP in rural areas of Iran. Hence, additional investments in rural education and agricultural R&E have significant impacts on income inequality. Findings showed also that the Ahluwali hypothesis of the relationship between income inequality and agricultural TFP in Iran's rural areas is not ejected Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Investigating the Components of Digital Marketing from the Perspective of Tourism Industry Development (Case Study: Kish Island Hotels)
zahra tahmasebpour ALIAKBAR FARHANGI Abdollah Naami FARZAD ASAYESHThe current research examines how digital marketing affects the development of the tourism industry. The research method is of applied type and in terms of approach, it is exploratory of qualitative/quantitative type, which in this article we will examine the qualitativ MoreThe current research examines how digital marketing affects the development of the tourism industry. The research method is of applied type and in terms of approach, it is exploratory of qualitative/quantitative type, which in this article we will examine the qualitative part. The statistical population of the research includes experts in the tourism industry who are fully familiar with digital marketing, and 12 people were selected as a research sample using a targeted snowball method. In this research, the method of content analysis based on open coding, axial coding and selective coding was used to analyze the data, based on the foundational data theory. The results showed that the elements of digital marketing through 5 components of technical features of digital tools, comparative advantage, cost for customers, management of items and processes, promotion, quality of services and quality of information, cause tourism intention or in other words tourist learning, tourist involvement, travel intention and the intention to visit again; Also, the intention of tourism leads to empowerment of human resources and environmental empowerment of hotels on Kish Island. Meanwhile, environmental factors such as political-security, economic, cultural factors and tourism policies as intervening conditions and infrastructures such as transportation, accommodation and health services, food and restaurants and information and communication systems as background factors affect the empowerment of Kish Island hotels and ultimately leads to tourism development, or in other words, economic development, cultural-social development, political development and environmental development. Therefore, it can be acknowledged that the development of tourism is a complex process and is heavily influenced by the technical characteristics of digital tools, environmental factors and infrastructure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Evaluation of the company's employees benefit from intelligent enterprise communications infrastructure
bagher bagherian kasgari akbar seyfi atefeh pashazadgan ابزری، مهدی. 1389. تاثیر هوش فرهنگی بر اثربخشی گروهی: موردمطالعه، شرکت فولاد مبارکه اصفهان. پژوهشنامه مدیریت تحول. شماره 4، نیمه دوم 1389. باقرزاده دارابی مجید واکبری دیباور مجید. 1389. سنجش هوش سازمانی کارکنان دانشگاه. اولین همایش ملی هوش سازما More ابزری، مهدی. 1389. تاثیر هوش فرهنگی بر اثربخشی گروهی: موردمطالعه، شرکت فولاد مبارکه اصفهان. پژوهشنامه مدیریت تحول. شماره 4، نیمه دوم 1389. باقرزاده دارابی مجید واکبری دیباور مجید. 1389. سنجش هوش سازمانی کارکنان دانشگاه. اولین همایش ملی هوش سازمانی/کسبوکار. کهنسال، هاجر. 1389. بررسی پایایی و روایی مقیاس هوش سازمانی در شرکت مخابرات شهر شیراز. اولین همایش ملی هوش سازمانی/کسبوکار. ودادی احمد ؛ صیاد شیرکش سعید ؛ شفیع زاده برمی مریم "هوش سازمانی و مدیریت بحران" فصلنامه مدیریت کسب و کار ،شماره 5 سال دوم بهار 1389 Albrecht, Karl. 2003. The Power of Minds at Work; organizational intelligence in action, ANACOM, Washington D.C. Glynn. Mary Ann. (1996), Innovative Genius: A Framework for Relating Individual and Intelligence in Action to Innovation .Academy of Management Review. 2l, 4, pp 1081-111. Halal, W.E. (1997). Organizational intelligence: what is it, and how can manager use it?. Retrieved,2007, From. http://www. Bah . com Matsuda, T (1992). organizational intelligence: its significance as a process and as a product. proceedings of the international conference on Economics/ Management and information technology. Tokyo. Japan. Retrieved 2008 Fro http://www.Indianjournals.com Choo, C.W.(1998), Information, management for the intelligent organization, Information Today, Medford, NJ Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - Feasibility of Electronic Commerce at Cooperative in Gilan Province to Select an Appropriate E-Commerce Model by Using Fuzzy Analysis Network Process
Mohammad Reza Motadel Reza Radfar Marjan Babaie -
Open Access Article
98 - Investigating the Mediating Role of Technological Environment on the Relationship between Technological Infrastructure and Human Resource Empowerment in Sport Organizations
farnaz foroutan esmaeil sharyfiyan koroosh ghahreman mohsen manochehrinejadThe aim of this study was to Investigate the mediating role of technological environment on the relationship between technological infrastructure and human resource empowerment in sport organizations. The present study was descriptive and is applied in terms of purpose. MoreThe aim of this study was to Investigate the mediating role of technological environment on the relationship between technological infrastructure and human resource empowerment in sport organizations. The present study was descriptive and is applied in terms of purpose. The method of the present study was a survey that was conducted in the field. Spritzer and Mishra (1997) Human Resources Empowerment Questionnaire, Kasab et al. (2017) Technological Environment Questionnaire and Kasab et al. (2017) Technological Infrastructure Questionnaire were used to collect data. The statistical population of the present study included all employees of the information technology sector, senior employees, managers and deputies of the General Departments of Sport and Youth(N=640). Based on Morgan's sample size table, 242 people were identified as the research sample, After obtaining the necessary permissions and destributing the questionnaires 192 questionnaires were analyzed. The results of the present study showed that technological infrastructure does not have a significant effect on the empowerment of human resources in sport organizations (effect =0.199, T =1.558, significance level =0.089). The results also showed that technological infrastructure has a significant effect on the technological environment in sport organizations (effect =0.904, t =385.856, significance level =0.001). The results also showed that the technological environment has a significant effect on the empowerment of human resources in sport organizations (effect =0.736, t =6.241, significance level =0.001). Considering the lack of impact of technological infrastructure on human resources empowerment and on the other hand, the impact of technological infrastructure on the technological environment as well as the impact of the technological environment on human resource empowerment in sport organizations, it can be stated that the technological environment plays a mediating role in the relationship between technological infrastructures on human resource empowerment in sport organizations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Analysis of physical education infrastructure in the Iranian education system
fatemeh rajabi mohamaali safaniya hossein nazariThe purpose of this study was to analyze the infrastructure of physical education in the Iranian education system. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and is combined in terms of method (quantitative and qualitative). The statistical population included MoreThe purpose of this study was to analyze the infrastructure of physical education in the Iranian education system. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and is combined in terms of method (quantitative and qualitative). The statistical population included professors and experts in the field of physical education. Sampling was done purposefully through snowball technique and based on theoretical saturation criteria. In this regard, 18 interviews were conducted. Data collection tools were semi-structured interview and structural self-interaction matrix questionnaire. The data in the first part were analyzed using the themes analysis method and the findings were categorized in the form of basic, organized and comprehensive themes and a network of themes was created. Also, using the interpretive structural model, the leveling of the identified infrastructures was done. The results showed that the infrastructure of physical education as a comprehensive theme includes 127 basic themes and 11 organizational themes that can be classified into 5 levels and the results showed that sustainable financial infrastructure, administrative-managerial infrastructure, facilities and equipment infrastructure and human infrastructure are the most basic infrastructures of physical education. Knowing and paying attention to infrastructure can affect the future of the country's health. In this regard, providing a suitable and equipped sports environment and providing sustainable financial resources and the use of specialized and experienced teachers can ensure the health of students and the future community. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Analysis of Barriers to the Use of Bicycle Sharing Shirazi Citizens in Recreation and Urban Travel
zahra heydarinaghdali masoud naderian korosh ssarvarzadehBicycle infrastructure planning in large cities faces countless challenges and requires a better understanding of the barriers to the use of bicycles by its citizens. With regard to specific local context so, the purpose of this study was to analyze the barrier to the u MoreBicycle infrastructure planning in large cities faces countless challenges and requires a better understanding of the barriers to the use of bicycles by its citizens. With regard to specific local context so, the purpose of this study was to analyze the barrier to the use of bicycles Sharing by Shirazi Citizens in Recreation and Urban Travel. The research method is applied-developmental in terms of purpose, which has been done in combination with the structural-interpretive equation model. In order to identify and confirm the barriers to the use of bicycles, 452 citizens were selected as the sample, then 25 experts participated in the research to present the ISM model. Data analysis was performed using exploratory factor analysis and structural analysis with Mic Mac. The results showed that the obstacles to using the bicycle subscription system in Shiraz have 43 elements and 7 general components, which explain 84% of the variance of the obstacles of cycling in Shiraz. According to the structural analysis of Mic Mac, individual and cultural-educational barriers are more influenced by other factors and from a systemic point of view, it is one of the effective and dependent elements. Environmental barriers and social barriers fall into the category of independent variables that have weak influence and dependency. Economic barriers, weak government strategies, and inadequate infrastructure and equipment are among the key barriers to the use of bicycles by Shirazi citizens, with high influence and low dependence. Therefore, responsible organizations such as the Federation of Public Sports, the Ministry of Sports and Youth, municipalities, the Environmental Protection Organization, etc. must develop the urban cycling infrastructure with an excellent strategy and vision and by allocating more funds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - Determine Of Standard Infrastructure For The presentation of the faculty members' professional skills promotion model based on the fourth generation higher education mission
alireza mohammadi nezhad ganji amineh ahmadi bahram alishiri zahra talebThe aim of the present research was to Determine of Standard Infrastructure for The presentation of the faculty members' professional skills promotion model based on the fourth generation higher education mission. The study was done based on exploratory research with tw MoreThe aim of the present research was to Determine of Standard Infrastructure for The presentation of the faculty members' professional skills promotion model based on the fourth generation higher education mission. The study was done based on exploratory research with two statistical sample groups including specialists and experts who were to identify the main factors, and Faculty Members to confirm the reduced factors. In the study, based on the structural equation modeling and using AMOS and SPSS, factors along with 98 items were recognized and approved. Justice in teaching courses, evaluation, cyberspace, familiarization with professional software, job enrichment, research activities, publishing, consulting activities, management activities, executive activities, professional growth, innovation, familiarity with research principles, and familiarity with higher education approaches . In the end, the results of the research were compared and suggestions were made. Standard Infrastructure, Professional skill, Exploratory Factor Research, Mission of the fourth generation of higher education. Manuscript profile
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