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Open Access Article
1 - Laying hens’ diet modification with flaxseed and fish oils to enrich egg yolks with omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D3
Reza Kazempoor Arman Ghorbanzadeh Mohsen Mokhtarian Saeed Rasoulinezhad -
Open Access Article
2 - Purification and Determination of some Characters of Dominant Isoform of GP96 Molecules from Mice Fibrosarcoma Cell Line (WEHI164)
عقیل Tabar Molla Hassan زهیر Hassan علی Mostafaie سعید Hesaraki علی TaravatiGP96 protein is a heat shock protein (HSP) with an important role in cellular immunity. Tumorderived gp96 has entered clinical trials for cancer immunotherapy. For purification of dominantisoform of gp96 molecules from mice fibrosarcoma cell line, Cultured WEHI164 cell MoreGP96 protein is a heat shock protein (HSP) with an important role in cellular immunity. Tumorderived gp96 has entered clinical trials for cancer immunotherapy. For purification of dominantisoform of gp96 molecules from mice fibrosarcoma cell line, Cultured WEHI164 cell line werelysed and supernatants of cell extract were precipitated by Amoniume sulfate , In the next stage,purification was done through affinity and ione exchange chromatography. Molecular Weight ofpurified protein was estimated by SDS-PAGE and its nature was confirmed by western blot. Theresult of this study shows that, purified molecule has molecular weight between 66-68 kd whichindicates another different isoform of this molecule; a result confirmed by western blot. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Combination of QuEChERS Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction based on Magnetic Ionic Liquids for extraction of Carbamate Pesticides from Apple Samples prior to their analysis by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Sajjad Farajpour Mohammad Reza Afshar Mogaddam Jalil Khandaghi Introduction: Today, the use of pesticides has become an essential part of agricultural activities. Due to their relatively short lifespan, strong effect, and extensive variety of biological activities, carbamates are one of those that are frequently utilized as i More Introduction: Today, the use of pesticides has become an essential part of agricultural activities. Due to their relatively short lifespan, strong effect, and extensive variety of biological activities, carbamates are one of those that are frequently utilized as insecticides. The need to monitor the presence of pesticides in food products is a major concern because of their major risk on consumers' health.Materials and Methods: In the current research, Aldicarb, Carbaryl, and Primicarb insecticides were extracted from apple samples using a combination of QuEChERS technique with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, and their determination was carried out using HPLC-DAD. For this purpose, the effect of the effective factors in the two stages of the proposed extraction process was investigated and optimized. Also, merit figures including linear range, limits of detection and quantification, repeatability, enrichment factor, and extraction recovery were calculated in order to validate the developed method.Results: Concerned with the broad linear range (10.7-2000 ng/g) and the repeatability based on RSD% of 2.6 to 4.8, the proposed method proved highly capable of extracting the desired pesticide residues from apple samples. Under optimal conditions, the suggested approach had an extraction efficiency of 67–75%, an enrichment factor of greater than 335, and limits of detection and quantification of less than 4.2 and 14 ng/ml, respectively, which were less than the MRLs set for these pesticides in fruits and vegetables. The mentioned method was successfully performed on real apple samples and the results revealed that the samples did not contain any of the expected carbamates.Conclusion: In general, the developed method has the necessary ability to detect carbamate insecticides in apple samples. This method offers several advantages of being simple and reliable, employing green solvents, and short analysis time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Evaluation of biochemical factors and antioxidants derived from clone 100 Iranian tea and study on HCT-116 cell colon cancer in BALB /c mice
shahrzad rahnama Asa Ebrahimi Forozandeh Mahjobi mahmmod khosrow shahli Mahdi RahaieIntroduction: Tea is one of the most popular drinks in the world. It contains concentrations of antioxidants and polyphenols that might be of interest to human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the properties of antioxidants and polyphenols and the effect MoreIntroduction: Tea is one of the most popular drinks in the world. It contains concentrations of antioxidants and polyphenols that might be of interest to human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the properties of antioxidants and polyphenols and the effectiveness of hydro-methanol extract of WT on the growth of colon cancer tumors in BALB/c. Materials and Methods: In order to measure the amount of polyphenols and antioxidants in different types of tea, experiments were performed. Extract of different types of tea was obtained by different methods and in order to determine the free radical scavenging capacity separated antioxidants by HPLC, were evaluated by DPPH. The phenolic content of the extract was measured using Folin-siocalto. Then, BALB/c mice with the same initial weight were induced in the colon cancer model using HCT-116 cell line. All groups were treated with two concentrations of the extract. The lowest dose was 15mg/kg and the highest was 150mg/kg. Different traits were evaluated in mice and the data were analyzed by one-way test.hydro-methanol method was the most effective in terms of antioxidant content and had a significant difference with other methods, white tea extract showed the highest and strongest antioxidant properties and the highest of free radical scavenging. The results of animal studies showed that the difference in secondary weight from the primary in mice receiving the extract with a high dose compared to the mice receiving the low dose increased significantly (P<0.05). However, tumor size, area and tumor weight at high dose were significantly reduced as compared to the low dose.hydro-methanol extraction method has the highest antioxidant activity and the highest specific catechins and according to the results, extract WT can have reducing effects in the process and control of colon cancer in infected mice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Development of Dispersive Solid-phase Extraction Combined with Air-assisted Liquid-Liquid Microextraction for Determination of Sulfonamide Residues in Pasteurized Milk Samples using High Performance Liquid Chromatography
M. Tajallayi A. Haghighat Asiabar M. R. Afshar Mogaddam J. Khandaghi Introduction: One of the significant contaminants in animal-derived foods, such as milk, is antibiotic residues, which put consumers' health at risk. Monitoring the amount of antibiotic residue in milk is crucial in order to alert the nation's health authorities More Introduction: One of the significant contaminants in animal-derived foods, such as milk, is antibiotic residues, which put consumers' health at risk. Monitoring the amount of antibiotic residue in milk is crucial in order to alert the nation's health authorities and in this regard, several researches have been conducted for determination of different antibiotic residues in milk using various traditional and chromatographic methods. In this study, an efficient method for determining the residual levels of some sulfonamides in pasteurized milk was developed and presented. Materials and Methods: After dispersive solid-phase extraction combined with air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction of analytes, the residues of sulfadiazine, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfamethazine in the pasteurized milk were determined using HPLC with a diode array detector. Following the evaluation of the effective factors in the extraction and optimizing them, the validation of method was carried out by calculating analytical parameters such as linear range, LOD, LOQ, repeatability, and extraction recovery. Results: In the developed two-step extraction method, satisfactory figures of merit were obtained, therefore the method's linearity was shown with a coefficient of determination higher than 0.995. The limits of detection and measurement were less than 1.2 and 3.2 ng ml-1, respectively, which is less than the MRLs established for these antibiotics in milk. The analysis of real samples showed the presence of sulfamethoxazole in three milk samples in concentrations of 13±0.1, 9±0.2 and 9.6±0.5 ng ml-1 and no other antibiotics were discovered in the examined samples. Conclusion: Overall, the established approach is a sensitive, accurate and reliable method and has high efficiency in determining selected antibiotics in milk samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The Effect of Irradiation on the Natural Volatile Compounds of Dried Mint and the Migration of Chemicals from the Packaging Materials
F. Vedaei M. Mizani M. Mashhadi Boujar A. GeramiIntroduction: Dried vegetables such as mint are usually prepackaged irradiated to preventthe post contamination and reduce the microbial population. This process might affect thetype and the amount of natural volatile essential oils of the product and also some ions,fre MoreIntroduction: Dried vegetables such as mint are usually prepackaged irradiated to preventthe post contamination and reduce the microbial population. This process might affect thetype and the amount of natural volatile essential oils of the product and also some ions,freeradicals and low molecular weight volatile compounds might be released from the packagingmaterials due to radiolysis reactions migrated into the package and might be adsorbed ontoproduct.Materials and Methods: Dried mints, the mixtures of two species (spearmint, peppermint)were packaged in pouch of three layers of polypropylene film and were irradiated at 8, 10 and15 KGy. The changes in the natural volatile compounds of the product and those that werereleased from packaging and were isolated by distillation-extraction technique were analyzedusing gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector.Results: 59 different compounds were identified which might be classified into the followinggroups: a) the essential oils which were completely destroyed at three different doses(Sabinene, 7-myrcene). b) The essential oils which their concentration were increased byincreasing the irradiation dose (Trans sabinene hydrate, cis-jasmone). c) The essential oilswhich were safe in the lower doses but partially lost at 15KGy. d) Chemical volatilecompounds from polymeric packaging material which migrated into the package (tert-butylbenzene).Conclusion: The results indicated that essential oils from spearmint were more sensitive toirradiation than peppermint. To save the functional quality and also safety of prepackagedirradiateddried mint, processing dose may not exceed from 8KGy and more resistant mintspecies such as peppermint should be packaged in polymeric materials with lower sensibilityto irradiation, i.e. polyethylene terephthalate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Evaluation of α-Tocopherol and β-Sitosterol in Distillates of Refined Olive Oil
F. Kalateh Seifari M. Ghavami B. Ghiassi TarziIntroduction: Olive oil, as the major source of lipids in the diet, has a high amount of unsaturated fatty acids and biological components such as phenolic antioxidants that could prevent the destructive effect of free radicals and mutation of cell structures. The nonsa MoreIntroduction: Olive oil, as the major source of lipids in the diet, has a high amount of unsaturated fatty acids and biological components such as phenolic antioxidants that could prevent the destructive effect of free radicals and mutation of cell structures. The nonsaponifiable components of vegetable oils are good sources of specific compounds such as sterols, tocopherols, squalene, fatty acids, and other substances. The aim of this investigation is to determine the components in particular α-Tocopherol and β-Sitosterol through deodorization process and have been accumulated in the distillate tank.Materials and Methods: Olive oil and distillates were provided by Roghan-e-Ziton Nabe Tavakoly manufacturing company. Sterols ad tocopherols were evaluated before and after the deodorization process and in the distilled tank. Qualitative and quantitative determination of sterols and tocopherols were conducted using gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography after the extraction of nonsaponifiable matters.Results: The results showed that the deodorization process decreased the nonsaponifiable matters of olive oil such as sterols, tocopherols, hydrocarbons and some other components namely free fatty acids. Due to the lower temperature of the deodorization process for olive oil, in comparison to soyabean or sunflower oils, the accumulation of these components in the distilled tank were lower. There was no significant difference between sterol composition in distilled tank and oil samples.Conclusion: Collected compounds in the distilled tank are valuable sources of vegetable sterols and α-tocopherol which might be employed in food and pharmaceutical formulation and industries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Effect of Deep Frying on Fatty Aid Composition and Sterol Content of Grape Seed Oil
S. Gholam Saghaee Z. Piravi VanakIntroduction: Grape seed oil is important to human health due to its very pleasant taste, odor, as well as its high nutritional values. Consumption of the grape seed oil in the diet has been increasing in recent years. Long periods of heating will deteriorate the oil an MoreIntroduction: Grape seed oil is important to human health due to its very pleasant taste, odor, as well as its high nutritional values. Consumption of the grape seed oil in the diet has been increasing in recent years. Long periods of heating will deteriorate the oil and fried products due to oxidative and hydrolytic changes and reactions. Therefore, accurate control of the frying processes and changes are quiet essential. Materials and Methods: In this study, the effects of deep frying at 180 °C (24 and 48 hours) on some chemical characteristics of grape seed oil namely sterol profile and fatty acid composition have been studied using chromatography techniques. Results: The results indicated that, the predominant fatty acid was linoleic acid, and by increasing the heating period, more unsaturated fatty acids namely linoleic acid was decreased due to oxidation. The phytosterols study showed that beta-sitosterol was the predominant phytosterol and deep fat frying did not affect its concentration. Conclusion: Due to the high concentration of linoleic acid and beta-sitosterol in grape seed oil, it might be stated that the oil has a high nutritional value, but considering the changes during frying it might not be recommended for frying practices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Optimization of Canola Oil Extraction by Ultrasound Waves and Response Surface Methodology
F. Jalili S. M. Jafari Z. Emamjomeh M. Kashaninejad M. GanjehIntroduction: Canola seed is one of the most important oil seed with high ratio of oil andhigh nutritional value and is economically recommended for cultivation and oil extraction.Extraction with ultrasound waves as a nondestructive and novel method might be employed.Th MoreIntroduction: Canola seed is one of the most important oil seed with high ratio of oil andhigh nutritional value and is economically recommended for cultivation and oil extraction.Extraction with ultrasound waves as a nondestructive and novel method might be employed.Therefore the aim of this research is optimization of extraction of canola oil by ultrasoundwaves and RSM.Materials and Methods: In this project, Response Surface Methodology was employed foroptimization of canola oil extraction by ultrasound waves using hexane andhexane/isopropanol as solvents by the ratio of 3:2 (v/v). The influence of extractiontemperature in the range of 35, 45 and 55℃, ultrasound treatment time for 30, 60 and 90minutes and ratio of solvent to canola in three levels of 5, 10 and 15 ml/g were analyzed byBox-Behnken Design (BBD) based on extracted oil percent. The fatty acid compositions ofthe extracted oils using ultrasound-assisted method and soxhlet method employing gas liquidchromatography were determined and compared.Results: According to the high values of correlation coefficients of selected models optimizedfor hexane solvent extraction methods (R2 =0.93) and hexane-isopropanol solvent mixture(R2 =0.97) and no significant lack of fit tests (P>0.05) selected models might be useful topredict the extraction percentage of canola oil.Conclusion: The results showed that the optimum conditions for canola oil extraction byhexane (22.39 %) and combined hexane/isopropanol (30.66 %) were respectively atultrasound treatment times of 69.5 and 87 minutes, temperatures of 55 and 55 ℃ and ratio ofsolvent to canola of 6.39 and 9.12 (%v/w). Extraction efficiency was significantly improvedby ultrasound as compared to the soxhlet extraction. Fatty acid compositions of the canolaoils were not significantly affected by the application of ultrasound (P> 0.05). Thereforeultrasound might be regarded as a simple and rapid method to improve the extraction of oilwithout affecting the quality of the fatty acids present. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Investigation the Saturated and Trans Fatty Aid contents of Confectionary Products in Kermanshah City
N. Mardafkan F. Beigmohammadi Sh. AhmadiIntroduction: There is a relationship between the consumption of saturated, trans fatty acidsand coronary heart disease, however there are unresolved matters to be concerned about thecontent of saturated and trans fatty acids in Iranian confectionery sweets.Materials an MoreIntroduction: There is a relationship between the consumption of saturated, trans fatty acidsand coronary heart disease, however there are unresolved matters to be concerned about thecontent of saturated and trans fatty acids in Iranian confectionery sweets.Materials and Methods: Four types of confectionary sweets popular and consumedfrequently consisted of dry, semi-dry, wet and frying types were selected and purchased fromthree famous confectionary shops with six replicate orders during six month periods. The oilsamples after extraction were subjected to methylation to prepare methyl ester of the fattyacids. The methyl ester samples were injected to a gas chromatography equipped with BPX70capillary column and Flame Ionisation Detector where the firm identification was made bycomparison with standards.Results: The results showed that the major saturated fatty acid in all the pastries was palmiticacid accounting for 25 to 35 % for different samples. The other major saturated fatty acid wasstearic acid ranging 5 to 10%. The unsaturated fatty acid; elaidic acid (C18:1t) accounted for7 to 13%, expect for Doughnut that was less than 1%. In total the amount of saturated fattyacids and trans fatty acid of the samples was much higher than the minimum standardtherefore total TFA content in Nan Brenji A, B and C brands were13.3, 8.03 and 11.45,respectively. The values of TFA in Danish type were 15.67, 15.25 and 16.78, respectivelyand in Napeloni type was11.82, 15.9 and 11.46, respectively.Conclusion: It is necessary and advisable to replace the edible oils containing high trans fattyacids in the formulation of these sweets with healthier ones containing lower trans content. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Validation of Taurine Determination Method in Energy Drinks by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
M. Zabihi Negin M. Taherkhani -
Open Access Article
12 - The Effects of Refining Operations on Quality and Quantity of Sterols in Canola, Soyabean and Sunflower Seed Oils
M. Azizi A. Ghavami -
Open Access Article
13 - Evaluation of Acrylamide Contents of Potato Crisps Sold in Iranian Markets
R. Saeidi Asl M. Iraji Far M. Fahimdanesh -
Open Access Article
14 - Evaluation and determination of amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in top soils of Masjed Soleyman Oil and Gas factories (Case study: Haft Shahidan Dissalination and Operating Factory)
atousa ahmadi Azamasadat Hosseini AlhashemiAbstract Background and Objective: Contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is one of the most common cases in oil-rich province of Khuzestan. The main purpose of this study was to determine the amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil of Haft Shahid MoreAbstract Background and Objective: Contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is one of the most common cases in oil-rich province of Khuzestan. The main purpose of this study was to determine the amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil of Haft Shahidan Dissalination and Operating Factory which is Located in Masjed Soleyman.The soil were sampled from seven stations in two seasons of winter and spring in 2015. Method: The soil samples were homogenized after they are collected and transported to the laboratory. After extraction, 16 compositions were measured by means of GC-MS. Furthermore, the amounts of pH, EC, organic matter and aggregation available in soils were measured. Findings: The results showed the mean PAHs in soil collected from stations 1 to 7 were respectively 265081, 55.78, 31.04, 46.33, 62.61, 33.70, and ND mg/kg dried-form weight in winter and 310.82, 63.69, 38.12, 55.36, 77.14, 44.62, and ND mg/kg dried-form weight in spring.There was a negative correlation among the amount of PAHs available in soils, the amounts of EC parameters and pH deposits in 0.01 and a positive correlation with organic matter. Discussion and Counclusion: The results collected from the ratio of the molecular showed that all the stations contain a mixture of Payerolitic and Pethrogenic hydrocarbons. The results show that stations 1,2,5,and 6 have high level of PAHs concentration, which is due to close distance of these stations to the oil tanks and facilities as well as oil leakage. According to the results obtained from all stations, the levels of compounds such as benzo(b)fluorantene, benzo(k)fluorantene, Dibenzo(ah)antheracene and Phenanthrene were found to be higher than the standard of Canada. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Determination of Diazinon in Water of Rice fields of Amol city by Thin Layer Chromatography Technique
Reza Arjmandi Mitra Tavakol Mansoreh ShayeghiIncreasing growth of population, undesirable economic situations of the world especially the third world, shortage of foodstuffs, hungriness, illness, they are all problems to be solved from economical and agricultural aspects. Protecting agricultural products from pest MoreIncreasing growth of population, undesirable economic situations of the world especially the third world, shortage of foodstuffs, hungriness, illness, they are all problems to be solved from economical and agricultural aspects. Protecting agricultural products from pests and diseases which inflicts considerable damage to farmers and cultivators each year which is another puzzle to be played and sorted. For this purpose, each year repeated, irregular and uninformed pesticides sprayings are carried out too many times which unfortunately cause resistance of pests against these drugs as well as environmental pollution and it can disaffect other live creatures. It is therefore necessary that more extensive research to be performed on agricultural pesticides and their relative health sciences in the light of bioenvironmental remarks. Mazandaran province is one of the agricultural poles of our country. Diazinon is one the most consumed agricultural pesticides in order to destroy the pests in this region. In this research study of residua of pesticide (Diazinon) in water, Rice field in Amol city, Mazandaran province was performed in year 2007. Findings: The sampling was carried out on an accidental basis and the samples were taken from each station from the whole width of the river at each interval and mixed and studied the primary experiment and extractions which were carried out by using di-cholero methane and Acetone and finally the amount of pesticide residue was determined by using the H.P.T.L.C (High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography) method and CATS-4 software. According to the ANOVA, trails were in statistical analysis .Time of sampling of water was reported in one day after poisoning. Results show: Diazinon insecticide: this insecticide is used to destroy the stem boring caterpillar of Rice and Citrus tree pests frequently and was observed in the sampling stations 1 and 4 for 2 weeks after poisoning and in station 2 and 3 for one month after poisoning and in station 5 up to second month after application. The greatest amount of Diazinon poisons in station 1 was 1.14ppm which was greater than European Standard. This study cleared physical and chemical properties of the studied insecticides، such as fumigation quality، ecological conditions and type of soil، cause the decrease and finally disappearance of insecticides during the period of plant growth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the Ambient Air Of Concentration Unit of Sar-Cheshmeh Copper Complex
Ali Faghihi-Zarandi Mohammad Reza AkhgarIntroduction: Air pollutants including gases, vapors and particles, are emitted from different sources. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the most important pollutants in the ambient air of industries. The present study was carried out to identify and measurement of MoreIntroduction: Air pollutants including gases, vapors and particles, are emitted from different sources. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the most important pollutants in the ambient air of industries. The present study was carried out to identify and measurement of volatile organic compounds in concentration unit of Sar-Cheshmeh Copper Complex. Material and Methods: In this study, sampling of the volatile organic compounds was done by using activated charcoal tube. To identify and measure these compounds gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) were used. Results: Thirteen volatile organic compounds were identified in the ambient air of concentration unit. Among these compounds, the mean value and maximum concentration of isopropyl alcohol and nonane were 255, 640 μg/m3 and 1577, 14400 μg/m3, respectively. Conclusion: By using SPSS software and independent sample t- test, showed that there were no significant difference between mean value concentration of isopropyl alcohol and nonane in the ambient air and TLV values of these compounds (isopropyl alcohol; 200 ppm and nonane; 200 ppm) (P >0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Determination of Malachite Green in the Effluent Wastewater and Fish Tissues of Fish Farms in Chahar- Mahal and Bakhtiari Province
Abbas Khodabakhshi Mohammad Mahdi Amin Marzieh Vahid Dastjerdi Mohammad Ghasemiyan Afshin EbrahimiOne of the recent environmental problems is the presence of toxic, resistant and potentiallycarcinogenic compounds such as Malachite Green (MG) in effluent wastewater and fish tissues of fishfarms. The aim of this research is the measurement of MG in the effluent wastew MoreOne of the recent environmental problems is the presence of toxic, resistant and potentiallycarcinogenic compounds such as Malachite Green (MG) in effluent wastewater and fish tissues of fishfarms. The aim of this research is the measurement of MG in the effluent wastewater and fish tissuesof fish farms in Chahar- Mahal and Bakhtiari province.In this descriptive cross-sectional study, from total of 50 fish farms, five farms were selected fromthree categories of large, medium, and small scales of fish farms, based on fish production capacity.During three months, effluent wastewater and fish tissue samples were taken monthly and wereanalyzed to detect MG after preparation of the samples. MG analysis was done through Cloud PointExtraction method for effluents samples and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)method for fish tissue samples.The results of this study showed MG concentration in the fish tissue of fish farms, No.: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,and 6 were 1.6, 0.27, 0.26, 0.45, 0.28, 0.32 mg/kg, respectively. MG concentration in the effluent fishfarms were in the range of 5.7 - 273 ng/l.MG concentrations in the fish tissue in this study area are more than some of international standardssuch as Australia criteria of 0.03 mg/ kg for MG that shows the widespread use of MG in the fish1- Assistant Professor, Environmental Health Group, Faculty of Health, Medical Sciences of Shahrekord, Iran2- Associate Professor, Centre of Research of Environment, Group of Environmental Health Engineers, Facultyof Health, Medical Sciences of Isfahan, Iran3- MSc. Environmental Health Group, Faculty of Health, Medical Sciences of Isfahan, Iran4- Associate Professor, Centre of Research of Environment, Group of Environmental Health Engineers, Facultyof Health, Medical Sciences of Isfahan, Iran5- Associate Professor, Centre of Research of Environment, Group of Environmental Health Engineers, Facultyof Health, Medical Sciences of Isfahan, IranJ.Env.Sci,TechJ.Env. Sci. Tech., Vol 16, No.4, Winter 2015213farms of this study area. However, the concentration of MG in the effluent of fish farms was less thanEuropean standards (Ireland) of 100μg/l. Therefore, because of carcinogenic effects of MG on humanand aquatic life, health and fisheries authorities should take serious measures to prevent the using ofMG, and they must try to use safe alternative materials. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Evaluation and determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in drilling wastes (Case study: Southern Azadegan Oil Field)
Mahdis Mirzatahermostofi Azamosadat Hosseini HashemiBackground and Objective: Contamination made by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is one of the most common contaminations in oil-rich regions of Khuzestan province. The main purpose of this study was to investigatate the amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in dr MoreBackground and Objective: Contamination made by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is one of the most common contaminations in oil-rich regions of Khuzestan province. The main purpose of this study was to investigatate the amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in drilling mud wastes ofSouthern Azadegan Oil Field. Drilling muds samples were taken from six drilling oil rigs and also a control soil sample was collected in two seasons of winter and spring, 2015. Method: Samples were homogenized after they were collected and transported to the laboratory and PAHs in them were extracted. Then 16 compounds of PAHs were measured by meansof GC-MS. Furthermore, the amounts of pH, EC, organic material and grading of mud were measured. Findings: The results showed that the amount of PAHs in drilling mud collected from the stations Pad 69, Pad 20, Pad 78, Pad 15, Pad 56 and Pad 51 were respectively 284/51, 866/03, 358/59, 299/84, 612/93 and 386/47in the winter and 317/54, 1209/92, 427/61, 491/48, 750/73 and 602/38 mg/kg dried-form weight in the spring.The results collected based on molecular ratio showed that PAHs in all stations contain a mixture of payerolitic and pethrogenic sources. Conclusion: According to the results obtained from all stations, compounds such as benzo (b) fluorantene, benzo (k) fluorantene and dibenzo (ah) antheracene were found to be exceeding the standard limits mentioned in Canadian Soil Quality and also control soil sample showed no pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - HPTLC method’s Application for the study of Diazinon Concentration in the Rice paddies
Reza Arjmandi mansore shayeghi mitra TavakolIn most rice paddies in Mazandaran Province, Diazinon is applied to control Chilo suppressalis.Due to the extensive application of insecticides in the rice paddies of the Caspian coasts of Iran, thisinvestigation was carried out on the rice fields and ric MoreIn most rice paddies in Mazandaran Province, Diazinon is applied to control Chilo suppressalis.Due to the extensive application of insecticides in the rice paddies of the Caspian coasts of Iran, thisinvestigation was carried out on the rice fields and rice granules in order to obtain the necessary dataand information on the concentration of insecticide residues. This study was done in a center in AmolTownship in 1386 by using thin-layer chromatography in order to investigate Diazinon on 125 samples.Sampling period was one day after spraying until observing Diazinon. Results indicate that the insecticide is used frequently to combat stem boring caterpillar of rice and citrus tree’s pest. The residuals of this toxic chemical were observed in the majority of stations from the day after the spraying until one to two months later. The greatest level of Diazinon, was in Station #1 in amount of 1.14 ppm. This study revealed that the physical and chemical properties of the studied insecticides such as fumigation quality as well as the ecological conditions and soil type influence the reduction and eventual removal of the insecticides during the cultivation and harvest periods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Evaluation amount of compounds phenolic acids and Poly phenolic as for pepper varieties several by HPLC
نسرین رنجبر reza heidari rashid jameiPepper is a bush shrub that belonging to the Capsicum family. From a long time ago due to the effects of hyperglycemia and hypertension has long been used in traditional medicine in Iran. The most important metabolites pepper are phe The aim of this study was comparison MorePepper is a bush shrub that belonging to the Capsicum family. From a long time ago due to the effects of hyperglycemia and hypertension has long been used in traditional medicine in Iran. The most important metabolites pepper are phe The aim of this study was comparison the amount of phenolic compounds, anthocyanins and Flavonoid in pepper extract collected from different parts of Iran and investigate its antioxidant properties .method: pepper plants collected of Isfahan, Urmia and Turkey in 1392.and kept in the freezer - 80 ° C until metabolites measurement . Then preparing the mix the peppers with methanol acidic, and measured phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties by HPLC.Result:Investigate methanol extracts of different areas showed that The highest amount of phenolic compounds according to vanilla acid (1.5 mg /g dry weight) as to reza Shahr and anthocyanins based on cyanidin - glucoside was as to Urmia region peppers and peppers area of Shahr Reza also had better antioxidant activity than other areas. Conclution: The results show that the pepper plant is rich in phenolic compounds and also have antioxidant properties. Eventually, it can be used as a herbal source of the antioxidant compound in food and pharmaceutical industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Extraction and measurement of β-Carbolines and evaluation of antioxidant properties of leaf and seed extract of Spand (P.harmala) of Zahedan
Saeedeh Fahimi Shahrbanoo Oryan Ramesh Ahmadi Akram Eidiβ-Carbolines are an alkaloid containing indole group that easily passes through the blood-brain barrier and change the concentration of neurotransmitters, as well as a range of neurophysiological and toxic effects, including effects on body temperature, seizures, a Moreβ-Carbolines are an alkaloid containing indole group that easily passes through the blood-brain barrier and change the concentration of neurotransmitters, as well as a range of neurophysiological and toxic effects, including effects on body temperature, seizures, anti-depressant activity, vascular dilatation, anti-cumulative effects of platelets and effects on appetite. The aim of this study was to extract and measure β-Carboline and also phenolic compounds of Spand (p.harmala) collected from Zahedan. Further phytochemical analysis of extracts was carried out and the quantitative and qualitative analysis included identification of anthocyanins, flavonoids, tannins, anthraquinones, an antioxidant test of extract, FT-IR analysis of extract, quantitative and qualitative analysis of HPLC extract and alkaloids. The results showed that although the antioxidant properties of methanolic extract from leaves are higher (due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds) than the methanolic extract seeds, the amount of β-Carboline in the seeds of this plant (p.harmala) is higher. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Comparison of bioactive ingredients and anatomical structure of Fumaria vaillantii Loise and F. asepala Boiss
Monir Mohseni Azra Ataei Azimi Babak Delnavaz HashemloianObjective: Persian sedge (Fumaria vaillantii) and sepalless sedge (F. asepala) are two annual herbaceous plants that grow separately or together in plant communities. The aim of this research was to compare the biochemical composition and anatomical structure of these t MoreObjective: Persian sedge (Fumaria vaillantii) and sepalless sedge (F. asepala) are two annual herbaceous plants that grow separately or together in plant communities. The aim of this research was to compare the biochemical composition and anatomical structure of these two species in order to determine the proximity of their medicinal properties. Materials and methods: The studied plant species were collected from the central part of Saveh in May 2018. In order to compare the medicinal value, some characteristics of two Fumaria including effective substances and the anatomical structure of leaves, stems, roots and fruits were compared. The amount of lipid, protein, organic matter, sugar, phenol, alkaloid, types of chlorophyll, minerals and peroxidase activity were identified and measured by calorimetry, spectrophotometry and thin layer chromatography methods. Anatomical structure was made by preparing transversal sections, stained with methylene blue and Carmen Zaji and studied with a light microscope. Findings: The differences in the content of lipid, protein, chlorophyll a and stem minerals, root phenol, fruit alkaloid, sugar and chlorophyll b were significant in two species, but the differences in the composition of other organs were not significant. The activity of peroxidase and the number of phenolic compounds in the organs of the two species were significantly different. Fatty acids were almost similar in all organs except the stem of the leafless shoot. The anatomical structure of the two Fumaria was also completely similar. Conclusion: The findings of this research showed that Iranian Shatre and Bekasbarg are rich in effective substances and the anatomical structure is almost similar. This result shows that their medicinal value is the same. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Identification of volatile compounds and investigation of antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer effects of Tribulus longipetalus Viv
Aliakbar ImaniObjectives: The objective of the present study was to identify volatile compounds and investigate the antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer effects of Tribulus longipetalus Viv.Materials and methods: In this research, the Tribulus longipetalus Viv, which is an annua MoreObjectives: The objective of the present study was to identify volatile compounds and investigate the antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer effects of Tribulus longipetalus Viv.Materials and methods: In this research, the Tribulus longipetalus Viv, which is an annual herbaceous plant, has many branches, lies on the ground, and has stems with soft hairs. The geographical spread of this plant is in the long sand dunes of Aran and Bidgol deserts. Biological properties, including free radical scavenging activity, total amount of phenolic compounds, antimicrobial properties and cytotoxic properties were investigated. Since the whole plant extract showed a high level of inhibition in the saltwater shrimp cell toxicity test (nearly 70 μg/liter), in order to obtain the effective components, solvent extraction using a decanter funnel was on the agenda. The three obtained components of hexane, ethyl acetate and water were analyzed separately. Also, by using a polystyrene divinylbenzene chromatography column, the effective component with higher inhibition ability was isolated. Among the effective components, except ethyl acetate, it had a relatively high inhibitory power, which was identified with the help of Hplc device.Findings: Comparing the antimicrobial power of Tribulus longipetalusViv with antibiotics, showed that this plant has good antimicrobial properties. Also, considering that LC50 was determined as 70 μg/ml. This value indicates the good cytotoxic power of Tribulus longipetalus Viv. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Development of a Simple and Efficient Method for Preconcentration and Determination of Trace Levels of Fexofenadine in Plasma and Urine Samples
Vahid Boloori Mahnaz Qomi Foroozan Piroozi Farhad Raofie -
Open Access Article
25 - Microwave-assisted Solid-phase(SPPS) and Solution-phase (SPS) Synthesis of Biological Dipeptide ((β-alanine-L histidine)
Maryam Khosravi Rahmatollah Rahimi Mahboubeh Rabbani Ebrahim Safavi -
Open Access Article
26 - Fast Monitoring of the Phosphate Ions at Sub-mg L level with the Aim of Diamine-grafted MCM-41 Mesoporous silica and Ion Chromatography
Leila Hajiaghababaei Sima Djam -
Open Access Article
27 - Ultrasound-Assisted Emulsification Microextraction Followed by Gas Chromatography as an Efficient and Sensitive Technique for Determination of Olanzapine in Biological Samples
Maryam Asfia Ameneh Porgham Daryasari Mojtaba Soleimani -
Open Access Article
28 - HCl- Etched Steel Fiber for Determination of Phthalates in Water Samples by Solid-Phase Microextraction
Afsaneh Mollahosseini Nima Baghbadrani Seyed Saeid Hosseini -
Open Access Article
29 - Simultaneous Determination of Carbazoles in Water Samples by Cloud Point Extraction Coupled to HPLC
Rouhollah Heydari -
Open Access Article
30 - Ultrasound Assisted Emulsification Microextraction as a Simple Preconcentration Method for Determination of Atrazine in Environmental Samples
Sana Berijani Mohsen Zeeb Elham Pournamdari -
Open Access Article
31 - Optimization of Biodiesel Production by Chemical Trans-esterification of Sunflower Oil
Saleh Soleimani Ahmad Panah Azari Rasul Sharifi Seyyed Mohammad Atyabi Dariush Norouzian -
Open Access Article
32 - Unidimensional Thin Layer Chromatography of Salicylic Acid Derivatives on Boric Acid-Impregnated Plates in Drugs Studies
H. Ahmad Panahi E. Moniri A. Izadi M. M. Parvin A. Rahimi M. Manoochehri -
Open Access Article
33 - Chemical Modification of Nanosilica Toward Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction of Trace Triazine Herbicides from Environmental Water Samples
Faezeh Khalilian Hadi Soori -
Open Access Article
34 - Screening Method for Mononitrotoluenes in Natural Waters Using Magnetic Solvent Bar Liquid-Phase Micro-extraction Followed by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection
Hadi Farahani Behrooz Mirza -
Open Access Article
35 - Rapid Separation Method of Ursolic Acid from Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Flowers using Normal-Phase Flash Chromatography
Fatemeh Sharifiyan Seyed Abbas Mirjalili Mohammad Fazilati Saeed Habibollahi Elahe Poorazizi -
Open Access Article
36 - Ionic Liquid-based Ultrasound-assisted In-situ Solvent Formation Microextraction and High-performance Liquid Chromatography for the Trace Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Environmental Water Samples
Mohsen Zeeb Hadi Farahani -
Open Access Article
37 - Isolation and Identification of Essential Oils of Prangos latiloba Korov Plant by Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry
S. Asghar HosseiniMedicinal plants have a special value in life sciences and medicine in terms of disease prevention and treatment. In recent years, the use of medicinal plants is increasing day by day due to the proof of its beneficial effects, cheapness, not having many side effects an MoreMedicinal plants have a special value in life sciences and medicine in terms of disease prevention and treatment. In recent years, the use of medicinal plants is increasing day by day due to the proof of its beneficial effects, cheapness, not having many side effects and also being environmentally friendly. In this study, the essential oils of different parts of the aromatic and wild plant of Prangos latiloba Korov were extracted by water distillation and the compounds formed by gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were investigated. The main constituents of the essential oil of this plant were limonene (13.54%), myrcene (8.58%), elemol (7.79%) and alpha-phellandrene (6.88%), respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Antioxidant activity of phytol dominated stem bark and leaf essential oils of Celtis zenkeri Engl.
Ejike Okpala Patricia Onocha Muhammad Ali -
Open Access Article
39 - UPLC in phytochemical analysis
Lutfun Nahar Satyajit D. Sarker -
Open Access Article
40 - Chemical compositions of essential oils from Etlingera brevilabrum: A comparative analysis using GC×GC/TOFMS
Behnam Mahdavi -
Open Access Article
41 - Comparison of the volatile oils of Artemisia tournefortiana Reichenb. obtained by two different methods of extraction
Pegah Nazemizadeh Ardakani Shiva Masoudi -
Open Access Article
42 - Volatile oil composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Boerhavia erecta L. and Euphorbia hirta L.
Omosalewa Olaoluwa Dorcas Moronkola Olayombo Taiwo Peremobowei Iganboh -
Open Access Article
43 - Droplet Counter Current Chromatography (DCCC) in herbal analysis
Lutfun Nahar Satyajit D. Sarker -
Open Access Article
44 - Study of Chloropyrifos & Deltamethrin residues in sugar beet in Isfahan province, 2010-2011
Hajar Fakhari Ali Reza Jalali Zand Mansoureh Shayeghi Seyed Mohammad AbtahiDangerous effects of pesticides on human and environmental health,especially their roleinfood chains; are the most important reasons to doing this study. Hence, it is necessary to investigatethese compoundsinthe environment, foodandlivingbody. InthisStudysinceSe MoreDangerous effects of pesticides on human and environmental health,especially their roleinfood chains; are the most important reasons to doing this study. Hence, it is necessary to investigatethese compoundsinthe environment, foodandlivingbody. InthisStudysinceSeptamber 2010 to March 2011,sugar beet samples from five areasofIsfahan province had been collected (Isfahan, Borkhar, Semirom, Golpayegan and Fereydan cities). Samples analyzed by chromatographic methods to determine the residue of two pesticide (Chloropyrifus and Deltamethrin) which had been used as usual pesticides in areas that are the main sugar beets producers for sugar factories in Isfahan province.In this study, High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) was used to determine Chloropyrifus andDeltamethrinresidues in sugar beets Thehighest amount ofpesticide residue belongs to Deltamethrin in Semirom andthe lowest one was observedinGolpayegan. The amounts of Deltamethrinresidueinthe collected sugar beets from Semiromwere equal or higherthanthe maximumresiduelimitation (MRL)(0.05mg/kg). The amounts ofChloropyrifus residueinthe sugar beets any areas not were equal or higherthanthe maximumresiduelimitation (MRL) (0.01mg/kg) andThehighest amount ofpesticide residue belongs to Chloropyrifus in Borkhar andthe lowest one was observedin two areas ofIsfahan and Golpayegan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Extraction and determination of group of volatile organic compounds by headspace - solid phase microextraction - gas chromatography in tea and vegetable samples
Mahboobeh Dehghani Maryam Kazemipour Mehdi Ansari Mehdi shahidizandiIn this study, a composite coating of polypyrrole/modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes/modified activated carbon prepared from hazelnut shells (PPy/MWCNTs/AC), was electrochemically synthesized and used for analyzing a group of volatile aromatic hydrocarbons in tea and MoreIn this study, a composite coating of polypyrrole/modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes/modified activated carbon prepared from hazelnut shells (PPy/MWCNTs/AC), was electrochemically synthesized and used for analyzing a group of volatile aromatic hydrocarbons in tea and vegetable samples. In order to obtain an adherent and stable composite coating, the effective parameters on electrodeposition process were optimized using the one-variable-at-a-time procedure, as well as the effective parameters in the desorption step of analytes was performed by this method. Based on the results, the deposition potential of 1 V, the deposition time of 1000 seconds, the desorption temperature of 280 ° C and the desorption time of 5 minutes were considered as the optimal values. To optimize the effective parameters in the extraction stage, the experimental design was used. Finally, the extraction temperature was 25 ° C, the extraction time was 30 minutes and the amount of salt was 10%. The calibration curve for each analyte in a range was linear as follows: 2 ̶ 15 µg ̸ L (fluorene and phenanthrene), 2 ̶ 10 µg ̸ L (anthracene and pyrene) and 0.5 ̶ 8 µg ̸ L (naphthalene). Under the optimized conditions, the amounts of the detection limits (LODs) calculated at S ̸ N proportion of 3, were varied from 0.06 to 0.9 µg ̸ L. The RSDs% of the peak areas ranged between 0.5 and 8.6%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Comparison of physicochemical properties and fatty acid profile of salicornia oil with iranica, persica Akhani and persplitana varieties
Behzad Rahnatzadeh Simin Asadollahi Leila NateghiAbstractRecently, with the growth of public knowledge, people desire to consume oils that in addition to providing energy and flavor, is also beneficial to health. It has been reported that 96% of the oil consumed in Iran is imported, while the potential for growing cro MoreAbstractRecently, with the growth of public knowledge, people desire to consume oils that in addition to providing energy and flavor, is also beneficial to health. It has been reported that 96% of the oil consumed in Iran is imported, while the potential for growing crops similar to salicornia that can grow in saline soils and habitats in Iran is significant. in this study, salicornia plant was used as an oil source in the production of blend oils. In this study ,Physicochemical properties assessment of salicornia plant (fatty acid profile, acidity, refractive index, iodine, density, soap number, percentage of extracted oil, oxidative stability, peroxide) in three varieties of salicornia variety )Persica, Salicornia perplitana and Iranica) were examined. The results showed that the amount of oil extracted efficiency in Salicornia varieties was significantly(p≤ 0.05) , respectively of iranica 001/0± 9/15 % , persplitana 002/0± 700/5% and persica Akhani 002/0± 800/8% and in gas chromatography test 10 types of fatty acid profiles in extraction oils as well as formulated oils were analyzed. Among these, linolenic fatty acids varieties was significantly(p≤ 0.05) , in different varieties were iranica 005/0± 946/2% , persplitana 010/0± 230/3and persica Akhani 005/0± 133/42 , respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Examining the effect of the pickled cucumber preparation process on the amount of metalaxyl and diazinon pesticide residue in traditional cucumber product
Marzieh Sadeghi Shiva Dehghan Abkenar Nazanin KhakipourIntroduction: Controlling the residual pesticides in food, particularly fruits and vegetables, is essential to preserving its health. Diazinon and metalaxyl as substance pesticides have been the focal point of numerous agrarian makers because of their extensive variety MoreIntroduction: Controlling the residual pesticides in food, particularly fruits and vegetables, is essential to preserving its health. Diazinon and metalaxyl as substance pesticides have been the focal point of numerous agrarian makers because of their extensive variety of adequacy, yet on the off chance that their period of usability isn't noticed, the presence of harmful buildups in the items, and the well-being of utilization truly imperils the clients. Aim: This study evaluated the effects of spraying cucumber plants with diazinon and metalaxyl and after transformation cucumbers pickled were measured. Methods and Materials: The amount of residual metalaxyl toxin and the amount of residual diazinon toxin in harvested cucumbers and pickled cucumbers were measured. The residual amount of toxins in the pickled cucumbers was measured to investigate the effect of the preparation procedure. Results: After the 10-day aging period, the results revealed that the residual amount of diazinon toxin in cucumber reached 0.0655 mg/kg. The outcomes showed that the impact of the cycle (pickling cucumbers) causes how much diazinon remaining toxic substance in the salted cucumber item to diminish as far as mg of toxic substance per kilogram of cucumber. Cucumbers can be harvested prior to the aging period without worrying about the expiration of the toxic effect period and used to prepare pickled cucumbers because the pasteurized pickled cucumber conversion process reduces the residual diazinon in the cucumbers. Conclusion: Accordingly, it tends to be inferred that the utilization of change cycles, for example, transforming cucumbers into pickles causes the number of toxins and pesticides utilized for rural items can be diminished by utilizing this interaction. This issue is not supported by the metalaxyl toxin research. Solvent extraction was used to extract pesticides from the samples, and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to measure them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Inoculation on Nutrient Uptake and Essential Oil Composition of Dragonhead (Dracocphalum moldavica L.) under Drought Stress
Gobad Salimi Mohammad Feizian Naser AliasgharzadTo study essential oil components of Dracocephalum moldavica in response to mycorrhiza fungus inoculation under drought stress condition, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was carried out under greenhouse condition. The MoreTo study essential oil components of Dracocephalum moldavica in response to mycorrhiza fungus inoculation under drought stress condition, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was carried out under greenhouse condition. The factors of the experiment were three levels of drought stresses [control, 0.75 maximum allowable depletion (MAD) and 0.5 MAD] and inoculation with mycorrhiza fungi in two levels (no mycorrhiza inoculation as control and Glomus verciforme inoculation). Essential oil components were recognized via gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC/MS). The result showed that about 36 components in D. moldavica were identified through inoculation with mycorrhiza under drought stress. Concentration of 13 compounds of these were higher than the rest. Compositions of geranial (18.3%), geraniol (30.98%), geranyl acetate (26.78%) and neral (11.94%) had high quantities in essential oil. Drought stress and mycorrhiza inoculation increased the percentage of major essential oil components. The highest essential oil percentage (1.24%) was obtained by mycorrhiza inoculation treatment and drought stress at 0.75 MAD. Drought stress reduced the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, while mycorrhiza inoculation increased their uptake. The highest uptake of potassium was in non-stress and mycorrhiza inoculation conditions. It can be concluded that mycorrhiza inoculation under drought stress increased the uptake of nutrients and essential oil composition of dragonhead. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Application of minor compounds in detection of vegetable oils adulteration (Review Article)
F. Hashempour-Baltork M.A. Torbati S. Azadmard-DamirchiOils and fats have important roles in cooking, frying and salad dressings or in food formulations. Adulterants misusing from the oil market in different ways including blending expensive oils with cheaper ones or incorrect labeling to inform variety, geographical origin MoreOils and fats have important roles in cooking, frying and salad dressings or in food formulations. Adulterants misusing from the oil market in different ways including blending expensive oils with cheaper ones or incorrect labeling to inform variety, geographical origin and production process method. In recent years, researchers have suggested several methods for analyzing oils and determination of their minor and major compounds based on the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC) methods. The oils have a different composition of sterols, tocopherols, hydrocarbons, pigments, lignans and phenolic compounds which can be detected by HPLC and GC methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate and review the application of vegetable oil minor compounds including sterols, tocopherols, hydrocarbons, pigments, lignans, phenolic compounds and volatile compounds to detect of their adulteration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Detection and quantification of phytosterols in yogurt using gas chromatography
M. Jeddy J. KhandaghiSterols form the largest proportion of the unsaponifiable fraction of lipids. Plant fats and oils contain phytosterol as naturally occurring constituents. The most common types of phytosterols in plants are cytosterol, compressor and stigmometol. Different types of yogu MoreSterols form the largest proportion of the unsaponifiable fraction of lipids. Plant fats and oils contain phytosterol as naturally occurring constituents. The most common types of phytosterols in plants are cytosterol, compressor and stigmometol. Different types of yogurt and especially high-fat types are foods that are likely to contain added phytosterol. In this study, the presence of cholesterol and four phytosterols in 62 different yogurts in Tabriz city was investigated in order to assess the addition of vegetable oils. For this purpose, after saponification and liquid-liquid extraction of the samples, non-absorbent materials were purified by thin layer chromatography. Then, without the derivative step, the compounds were detected by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. In the recent study, the saponification process was optimized and validated. According to the results, the method was estimated as easy, fast and repeatable, and had a high efficiency in detecting sterols in our samples. Cholesterol was found as the highest sterolic compound in all samples (65-99%). Among the phytosterols, campesterol was predominated (4.7%) followed by brassicasterol (2.08%). According to the guidelines of Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran, 46 (74.2%) yogurt samples were found unacceptable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Comparison of capillary zone electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography for the determination of histamine in bacterial culture media
S. Pashangeh S.S. Shekarforoush M. Aminlari S. HosseinzadehThe presence of histamine in foods is an important indicator of food spoilage and can also cause food poisoning in consumers. Therefore, monitoring of histamine level in food is important. This paper has focused on the comparing of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) w MoreThe presence of histamine in foods is an important indicator of food spoilage and can also cause food poisoning in consumers. Therefore, monitoring of histamine level in food is important. This paper has focused on the comparing of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) with HPLC for the determination of histamine in tryptic soy broth. For this reason, the culture media was inoculated with a standard strain of histamine-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis TYH1, as well as S. capitis and S. carnosus strains harboring histidine decarboxylase-hdc. The migration time of histamine in CZE assay and retention time of HPLC were found 5.4 and 12 min, respectively. The calibration graph was linear ranged 6.25 to 200 μg/ml which was estimated using the regression equation of y=0.000004x (r2=0.999) for both methods. Determination of histamine produced by these three strains indicated no significant differences using CZE with HPLC methods. The results show that the CZE is suitable for the determination of histamine in bacterial culture, since, there is no need for initial preparation, simplicity, sensitivity and low cost. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of )Echinacea purpurea( extract and identification of extract compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
M. Ghaedan N. Zamindar M. Goli N. Ghasemi SeproThis study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Echinacea purpurea, which is used as an antiseptic, immune system booster, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-poisoning herbaceous plant. Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, MoreThis study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Echinacea purpurea, which is used as an antiseptic, immune system booster, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-poisoning herbaceous plant. Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, total phenolic compounds and DPPH radical scavenging of the extract were measured. Antimicrobial properties of the extract were assessed using well-diffusion method. The components of the extract were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC MS). The data were analyzed using SPSS and Duncan's statistical test. The plant extract showed high level of phenolic compounds. The DPPH radical scavenging of the extract was tested at concentrations of 0.22, 0.25, 0.27, 0.31, 0.35, 0.41, 0.50 g/ml. The concentration of IC50 indicated sufficient inhibitory potential of the extract. The diameter (means ± SD) of the growth inhibition zone for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Aspergillus niger was estimated at 4.67 ± 1.24, 3.11 ± 0.84 and 1.78 ± 0.89 mm, respectively. Based on well-diffusion assay, S. aureus was found more sensitive than E. coli, and E. coli was more sensitive than A. niger. Using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, 81.38% of the total extract compounds were identified. Important components of the extract consisted of germacrene D (21.67%), paracetamol (5.53%), Bernoulli (4.58%), respectively. The results showed that Echinacea extract had excellent antioxidant and antimicrobial effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Application of a novel microextraction method for determination of organophosphorous pesticides from fruit juice using high performance liquid chromatography
R. Fakhim Rasoolzadeh M.R. Afshar Moghaddam J. KhandaghiCrops such as fruits as raw materials for the production of fruit juices are affected by different pests that are regularly used to combat these agents in agriculture activities. Some of these substances not only remain on the surface of crops but also penetrate their t MoreCrops such as fruits as raw materials for the production of fruit juices are affected by different pests that are regularly used to combat these agents in agriculture activities. Some of these substances not only remain on the surface of crops but also penetrate their tissues, as most of the crops exposed to pesticides contain amounts of pesticide residues that enter the consumer's body along with foods. For this reason, the use of precise and efficient methods in evaluating the residuals amounts of these compounds in food products is of great value. In this research, a combination of air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction and liquid-liquid microextraction with solidification of floating organic drop methods has developed for extraction and preconcentration of some of the widely used organophosphorus pesticides used in Iran (Diazinon, Chlorpyrifos, Phosalone, Parathion- methyl and Azinphos-methyl) from juice samples before their analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography. Under optimal conditions, 32 μl of menthol as the extraction solvent and 75 μl acetonitrile as dispersive solvent at a temperature of 60 °C used to extract the analytes. The proposed method is simple, reliable, and inexpensive and yields optimal values for extraction efficiency so that under optimized conditions the recoveries ranging from 61 to 79%. RSD% was in range 4.6 to 6.9, indicating high reproducibility of the proposed method. Other advantages of this method include low organic solvents consumption and short analysis time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Detection and determination of some pyrethroid pesticides in fruit and vegetable samples using Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry
J. Khandaghi M.R. Afshar MogaddamThe measurement of harmful substances that may enter the food has particular importance. Pesticides are one of the most important compounds that are wieldy used in agricultural activities. Despite the positive effects of the application of pesticides in agriculture, man MoreThe measurement of harmful substances that may enter the food has particular importance. Pesticides are one of the most important compounds that are wieldy used in agricultural activities. Despite the positive effects of the application of pesticides in agriculture, many pesticides are harmful to the environment and are known or suspected to be toxic to humans. Pyrethroid pesticides are common pesticides used in agricultural and personal care products and due to their high efficiency in controlling different pests they widely used. In the present work, an efficient and reliable microextraction method based on temperature-induced homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction developed for the extraction of Delthamethrine, Biphenthrine, Permethrin, Cyhalothrin and Cypermethrine pyrethroid pesticides from potato, tomato, lettuce and onion and then its analyses performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. The optimized method validated with recoveries ranging from 56 to 83%. The limits of detection were in the range of 4.3-9.4 ng mL-1, indicating high repeatability of the proposed method in the extraction and analysis of pyrethroid pesticides. Other advantages of this method include low cost and simplicity, low organic solvents consumption, and short analysis time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Determination of histamine and tyramine levels in distributed cheeses in Qazvin by high-performance liquid chromatography method
Zahra Salahshooriyan Mohammad Hosein MovassaghHistamine and tyramine are biogenic amines, which are toxic compounds produced by several microorganisms as a result of the metabolism of some amino acids and the decarboxylation reaction during fermentation or food spoilage. This study aimed to investigate the content MoreHistamine and tyramine are biogenic amines, which are toxic compounds produced by several microorganisms as a result of the metabolism of some amino acids and the decarboxylation reaction during fermentation or food spoilage. This study aimed to investigate the content of histamine and tyramine in cheeses distributed in Qazvin. Sixty samples including 30 samples of Koozeh cheese, 15 samples of pasteurized cheese, and 15 samples of probiotic cheese were collected randomly from September to December 2021 from Qazvin. The content rates of histamine and tyramine in the samples were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. All cheese samples contained histamine and the samples of Koozeh, pasteurized and probiotic cheeses contained 100%, 100% and 6.66% of histamine, respectively which are higher than the permissible limit (100 mg/kg). The mean value of histamine in the samples of Koozeh, pasteurized and probiotic cheeses were 208.37±34.94, 123.80 ± 12.04, and 66.67 ± 18.27 mg/kg, respectively (p<0.05). The values of tyramine in all the samples were within the permissible limit (600 mg/kg) and the mean values of tyramine in the samples of Koozeh, pasteurized and probiotic cheeses were 145.85 ± 15.24, 77.49 ± 10.34, and 45.98 ± 9.31 mg/kg, respectively(p<0.05). According to the results, it seems that the use of Koozeh and pasteurized cheeses in Qazvin is not suitable for people who are sensitive to high levels of histamine, and it is recommended that this group of people use probiotic cheese. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Determination of tylosin, gentamicin, and neomycin residues in distributed milk and ice-cream in Tehran by HPLC method in 2019
A. Khatami M.H. MovassaghImproper use of antibiotics, and the subsequent residues in raw animal products such as milk, can directly or indirectly cause health problems in human communities such as allergic reactions and reduce the effectiveness of antibiotic treatments. The aim of the present s MoreImproper use of antibiotics, and the subsequent residues in raw animal products such as milk, can directly or indirectly cause health problems in human communities such as allergic reactions and reduce the effectiveness of antibiotic treatments. The aim of the present study was to determine the residual levels of tylosin, gentamicin, and neomycin in milk and ice cream distributed across Tehran. A total of 125 samples, including raw milk, pasteurized and sterilized milk, traditional and pasteurized ice cream. The samples were randomly obtained from retail centers in Tehran from July to September 2019. The residual levels of tylosin, gentamicin, and neomycin were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Of the samples, tylosin, gentamicin, and neomycin were detected in 94.4%, 92.2%, and 96.6%, respectively. The highest tylosin residues in raw milk and ice cream samples was 26.72 ± 1.55 and 26.01 ± 1.55 μg/l, respectively. The highest gentamicin residues in raw milk and ice cream samples were 28.15 ± 1.29 and 28.8 ± 1.29 μg/l, respectively. The highest neomycin residues in raw milk and traditional ice cream samples were 33.46 ± 1.95 and 34.7 ±1.95 μg/l, respectively. According to the Iranian National Standard, in all tested samples the residual antibiotics were below the standard approval limit. Since most samples contained antibiotic residues, continuous monitoring of milk samples for antibiotic residues is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Development of QuEChERS method Combined with dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for determination of some pesticides in cucumber samples using High-performance liquid chromatography
Fatemeh Nasiri Azar Haghighat Mohammad Reza Afshar Mogaddam Jalil KhandaghiDue to the widespread use of pesticides to protect agricultural products around the world and the accumulation of residues of these substances in plant tissue, most of the products that have been exposed to pesticides contain amounts of pesticide residues. The most popu MoreDue to the widespread use of pesticides to protect agricultural products around the world and the accumulation of residues of these substances in plant tissue, most of the products that have been exposed to pesticides contain amounts of pesticide residues. The most popular and sensitive method for determining low amounts of pesticide residues in order to find out their maximum residue levels (MRLs) in food products is the chromatographic assay. In the present study, the diazinon, chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiacloprid and fenvalerate insecticides were extracted from cucumber samples by using QuEChERS method in combination with liquid-liquid microextraction and were determined by HPLC-DAD. For this purpose, the effective factors in the developed extraction method were optimized and the mentioned method was validated. Based on the results, the target analytes were successfully extracted simultaneously using 2 ml of a mixture of acetonitrile, methanol, and acetone (in the QuEChERS step). Further, the highest efficiency in the second extraction step was obtained using 65 µl of hexanol and 15% NaCl. The LOD between 0.36 and 0.57 ng/g, high repeatability in the range of 3.6 to 6.8 (based on the RSD%), and extraction recovery of analytes in the range of 76 to 84% of the developed method's merit figures indicate the method's high capability in extracting particular pesticides. Overall, the procedure described in this study is a simple and cheap method and has a good ability to extract the desired pesticides from cucumber samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Survey of Diazinon and Chlorpyrifos Pesticide Residues in the Corp of Apple (Red Delicious Variety) of Miyandoab’s Springhouses by Using HPLC-PDA
H. Shahyan H. SheikhloieIn this research to investigate the probable contamination of the apple tree to pesticides that is used by farmers in Miandoab, the residues of Diazinon and Chlorpirifos were investigated in this crop. First, the sampling is carried out by using the simple random sampli MoreIn this research to investigate the probable contamination of the apple tree to pesticides that is used by farmers in Miandoab, the residues of Diazinon and Chlorpirifos were investigated in this crop. First, the sampling is carried out by using the simple random sampling method and then, after Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) through High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), the residues of Diazinon and chlorpirifos were measured. So that, the pesticides residues in apples that were washed with skin, without skin and, in peeled apples were measured 0.08, 0.31, 0.68 ppm for Diazinon and 0.24, 0.54, 0.98 ppm for Chlorpirifos, respectively. Comparison of the statistical results with global standards reveals that the residues of Diazinon in Apples with the skin, and the residues of Chlorpirifos in three modes: Unwashed with the skin, washed with the skin and peeled is more than global standards (Diazinon 0.5 ppm and Chlorpirifos 0.01 ppm) Therefore, it is required that the authorities and farmers of this region pay special attention to residues and the time of applying pesticides; thereby, they can prevent endangering health society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Aflatoxin levels fluctuation analysis in Demineralized whey powder production
ایمان Ebdali takalloo علی Mohamadi saniDemineralized whey powder is one of the materials which isused in medical and infant milk powder industries recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate theratio of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) detoxification in 90% demineralized whey powder (DWP-90), produced from sweet whey MoreDemineralized whey powder is one of the materials which isused in medical and infant milk powder industries recently. The aim of this study was to evaluate theratio of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) detoxification in 90% demineralized whey powder (DWP-90), produced from sweet whey. For this purpose, 36 samples gathered from different steps of production line including Sweet whey (12 sample), demineralized whey (12 sample) and DWP-90 (12 sample). The samples gathered from Nutricia-MMP factory during one year (from 2012 to 2013). AFM1 detected by High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Based on results, AFM1 was found in 100% of the samples but the concentration of AFM1 in all samples was less than maximum limit defined by Iranian national standards, No 5925 (100ppt for wheyand 1000ppt for whey powder). The Average amount of AFM1 in sweet whey (32.5ppt) and DWP-90 (45.8ppt) was less than maximum limit in CODEX and EC 1881/2006, defined for raw milk (50ppt). Considering total solid in sweet whey (6%±0.1) and DWP-90 (٪97) and concentration of AFM1 in these samples, about 91% reduction was found in concentration of AFM1during DWP-90 production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Validation of histamine determination Method in yoghurt using High Performance Liquid Chromatography
مریم Jahedinia گیتی Karim ایرج Sohrabi Haghdust S.M Razavi Rohani محبوبه Eskandari Biogenic amines are organic, basic nitrogenous compounds of low molecular weight that are mainly generated by the enzymatic decarboxylation of amino acids by microorganisms. Dairy products are among the foods with the highest amine content. A wide variety o More Biogenic amines are organic, basic nitrogenous compounds of low molecular weight that are mainly generated by the enzymatic decarboxylation of amino acids by microorganisms. Dairy products are among the foods with the highest amine content. A wide variety of methods and procedures for determination of histamine and biogenic amines have been established. Amongst, HPLC method is considered as reference method. The aim of this study was to validate Reversed Phase HPLC method determination of histamine in yoghurt. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile/water (18:88 v/v) and the flow rate was set at 0.5 ml/min using isocratic HPLC. Detection was carried out at 254 nm using UV-detector. Calibration curve that was constructed using peak area of standards was linear and value of correlation coefficient (r2) was estimated at 0.998. Good recoveries were observed for histamine under investigation at all spiking levels and average of recoveries was 84%. The RSD% value from repeatability test was found to be %4.4. Limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.14 and 0.42 µ/ml, respectively. The results of validation tests showed that the method is reliable and rapid for quantification of histamine in yoghurt. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Extraction and determination of flavonoid compounds kaempferol and quercetin in petals of Rosa damascene Mill. from North and North eastern Regions of Iran
Jaimand, جایمند Rezaee, M.B M.H Asareh S.R Tabaei Aghdaei سعیده Meshkyzadeh,Flavonoid components are the largest phenolic groups in nature. Kaempferol, quercetin has medicinal effects againts viruses and cancer cells. In f this research for extraction and determination of flavonoid compounds kaempferol and Quercetin in petals of Rosa damascena MoreFlavonoid components are the largest phenolic groups in nature. Kaempferol, quercetin has medicinal effects againts viruses and cancer cells. In f this research for extraction and determination of flavonoid compounds kaempferol and Quercetin in petals of Rosa damascena from north and north eastern of Iran, samples were collected in research Institute of Forest and Rangelands. Fresh flower petals were extracting and were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Two flavonoids kaempferol and quercetin glycoside compounds were extracted from 7 samples. The highest kaempferol content were obtained from Mazanderan 758ppm, Golestan 354ppm, and Cemnan 1, 349ppm, and the lowest from Gilan, 243ppm, Khorasan 2, 245ppm, and Khorasan 1, 283ppm. The highest quercetin glucoside contents were obtained from Khorasan 2, 2763ppm, Golestan, 617ppm, and Khorasan 1, 266ppm, and lowest were from Cemnan 1, 100 ppm, Gilan 174 ppm, and Mazanderan 204 ppm. According to the results best samples were from Khorasan 2 (245ppm kaempferol, 2763ppm quercetin), Golestan (354ppm kaempferol, 617ppm quercetin) and Khorasan 1 (283ppm kaempferol, 266 ppm quercetin). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Evaluation and comparison of oil content and fatty acid profiles of different populations of Rosa canina L. in different habitats of Azerbaijan, North-West Iran,
Fatemeh Nejadhabibvash Arsalan Pirvash Saeedeh KhamoushiThe fruit of Rosa canina L. contains valuable substances such as fatty acids. In this study, in order to determine the amount of oil and fatty acid profiles of Rosa canina in different habitats of Iran and to know the diversity of these compounds, the fruits at full rip MoreThe fruit of Rosa canina L. contains valuable substances such as fatty acids. In this study, in order to determine the amount of oil and fatty acid profiles of Rosa canina in different habitats of Iran and to know the diversity of these compounds, the fruits at full ripening stage were collected from 5 habitats with different climatic conditions, including Urmia, Chaldran, Bukan, Shahindeg and Zanjan with a height of 1500, 2000, 1370, 1406 and 1638 m above sea level, respectively, on 21 September in 2017. The oil was extracted from the seeds with Soxhlet apparatus and fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). The results were showed that different habitats had a significant impact on the oil content and fatty acids profiles. The highest and lowest percentages of oil were obtained from Shahindeg (20.57 %) and Chaldran (12.37 %) habitats, respectively. The predominant fatty acids in seed oil of Chaldran habitat were palmitic acid (49.53 %), linoleic acid (46.71 %), cis-9-oleic acid (28.81 %) and cis-11- eicosanoic acid (17.88 %), meanwhile in the Urmia habitat; they were linoleic acid (42.96 %), cis-9-oleic acid (30.33 %), cis-11-eicosanoic acid (15.34 %) and palmitic acid (5.92 %). In the Zanjan habitat, the major of fatty acids were including linoleic acid (46.30 %), cis-9-oleic acid (28.42 %), cis-11-eicosanoic acid (16.71 %) and palmitic acid (4.54 %). In the Bukan habitat, the predominant fatty acids were linoleic acid (45.31 %), cis-9-oleic acid (27.70 %), cis-11- eicosanoic acid (17.70 %) and palmitic acid (5.33 %), while in the Shahindeg habitat; they were linoleic acid (52.61%), cis-9 oleic acid (28.62 %) and cis-11-eicosanoic acid (18.70 %). The Urmia and Bukan habitats had the highest amount of saturated fatty acids, while the seeds of Shahindeg habitat were rich in unsaturated fatty acids. In general, the results of this study proved the effect of ecological conditions on the quantity and quality of fatty acids and the percentage of oil in seed of Rosa canina L. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - The assessment of total phenol, flavonoid, resveratrol content, and antioxidant capacity of Vitis vinife L., Pistacia vera L., Sambucus nigra L. and Ilex spinigera Loes
ruhollah dastoor Davood Bakhshi Alireza AliakbarResveratrol is one of the most polyphenol with antioxidant capacity which has ability to inhibit or retard a wide variety of disease. Vitis vinife L., Pistacia vera L., Sambucus nigra L. and Ilex spinigera Loes. , which are abundant resveratrol sources in Iran. Therefor MoreResveratrol is one of the most polyphenol with antioxidant capacity which has ability to inhibit or retard a wide variety of disease. Vitis vinife L., Pistacia vera L., Sambucus nigra L. and Ilex spinigera Loes. , which are abundant resveratrol sources in Iran. Therefore the fruits of these plants in ripening stage were collected in 2015 from different regions of Iran and were extracted by maceration method. The total phenol, flavonoid, resveratrol content and antioxidant capacity were measured by using Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminum chloride colorimetric assay, high performance liquid chromatography procedure (HPLC) and DPPH radical scavenging, respectively. The results were showed that the highest of total phenol and antioxidant capacity were observed in Sambucus nigra and Ilex spinigera, while the Vitis vinifera had the richest source of resveratrol (0/04±0.003 mg/g DW) and flavonoid, respectively. So in conclusion all of these plants could be a good natural antioxidant with the high resveratrol content in pharmaceutical industry Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Extraction and Identification of flavon from Artemisia turanica Krasch the extract which has been collected from Esfarayen, Khorasan province
Sara Safari maboubeh TaherkhaniMany researches have been conducted on identification and extraction of natural compounds from Artemisia such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpens, diterpenes, flavonoids, phenolic with the biological and pharmaceutical properties. Due to the importance of this genus, the pur MoreMany researches have been conducted on identification and extraction of natural compounds from Artemisia such as monoterpenes, sesquiterpens, diterpenes, flavonoids, phenolic with the biological and pharmaceutical properties. Due to the importance of this genus, the purpose of the present study is extraction, purification and structure elucidation of a natural compound. This compound was isolated from aerial part of Artemisia turanicaKrasch. in Esfarayen at full flowering stage. So the extract obtained by maceration method and evaporated to dryness. The dried extract defatted for removing the hydrocarbons with long chains and separated by column chromatography over silica gel. All fractions were investigated by thin layer chromatography to determine the presence of natural compounds. Then, the natural compound was identified using spectrometric methods (IR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR). The results led to the identification of a flavon called 3,5,3́,4́-tetrahydroxy, 7,5́-methoxy flavones, for the first time in this plant. Therefore, it is anticipated that the plant has high antioxidant effects due to the presence of flavonoids in the plant extract. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Comparative investigation of the effects of antifungal activities of some essential oils on Alternaria alternata fungus as a causal agent of tomato early blight disease
hassan mahdavikia Abdollah AhmadpourTomato early blight disease, caused by the fungus Alternaria alternata, is one of the most devastating diseases for the crop in Iran and worldwide. Recent studies have shown that some secondary metabolites of medicinal plants are effective in preventing the growth of fu MoreTomato early blight disease, caused by the fungus Alternaria alternata, is one of the most devastating diseases for the crop in Iran and worldwide. Recent studies have shown that some secondary metabolites of medicinal plants are effective in preventing the growth of fungi and are a good alternative to the use of chemical pesticides. In the present study, ten medicinal plants including Eucalyptus sp., Thymus vulgaris, Mentha piperita, Mentha longifolia, Mentha aquatica, Satureja hortensis, Achillea millefolium, Foeniculum vulgare, Anethum graveolens, and Trachyspermum copticum were collected during 2016-2017. Their essential oils were extracted using Clevenger apparatus, and GC-MS device was used to identify the essential oil compounds. Antifungal activity of essential oils was assayed through the inhibition of fungal colony growth at five concentrations of 0, 200, 400, 800, and 1200 ppm in mixing with potato dextrose agar medium with three replicates. The findings revealed that fungus colony growth was inhibited with increases in essential oils concentrations, and there were significant differences among different essential oils. Essential oils of Satureja hortensis, Trachyspermum copticum and Thymus vulgaris in 800 and 1200 ppm and Anethum graveolens in 1200 ppm demonstrated the highest effect on fungus colony growth. This study found that Carvacrol, Thymol, Para-cymene, and Gamma-terpinene ingredients tend to have the highest antifungal effects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - (Short paper) Extraction, isolation and chemical structure elucidation of Digoxin cardiac glycoside from Leonurus cardiaca L. extract
Mahboubeh Taherkhani Shabnam Arjmandi Majid Ghorbani Nohooji3The Leonurus cardiaca L. is a perennial herbaceous medicinal plant. This species belongs to Lamiaceae family and commonly known as “lion's tail” in Persian. L. cardiaca is widely used in Iranian traditional medicine and others as sedative, hypnotic, diuretic MoreThe Leonurus cardiaca L. is a perennial herbaceous medicinal plant. This species belongs to Lamiaceae family and commonly known as “lion's tail” in Persian. L. cardiaca is widely used in Iranian traditional medicine and others as sedative, hypnotic, diuretic and blood pressure reducer agent. This species is using in remedy of heart diseases. Many important phytochemical compounds such as alkaloid, iridoid, saponins, flavonoids, carotenoids and diterpenoids have been previously extracted and identified from L. cardiaca. Regarding the importance of plant and also presence in the Country, this study was defined to investigate the phytochemical constituents of L. cardiaca extract in order to evaluate and identify of natural compounds. Hence the aerial parts of plant were collected from natural habitat in hillsides of Damavand Mountain (Mazandaran Province) in flowering growth stage. The shade dried materials were powdered and then were extracted using maceration method. The extract was defatted using Hexane solvent in next step. Chromatography column was used for fractionation of extract and 32 different fractions were isolated as the result. A natural compound's crystal was appeared in fraction 8+9+10 and so its chemical structure was evaluated using spectro-photometric methods (1H-NMR,13C-NMR, IR and DEPT Techniques). Based on the obtained spectra, natural compound of Digoxin (a well-known cardiac glycoside from other plant species) was extracted, purified and identified from L. cardiaca extract for the first time in the world. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Qualify Investigation and Detection of Major Constituents of Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) Essential oil by Physical Methods as an Alternative to GC-MS
Mozhgan Jamshidian, Reza Dehghani Bidgoli Mehrdad MoradiThis article deals with evaluate the purity and detection of peppermint essential oil compositions using different spectrometry and refraction spectrometry methods and to compare them with chromatography. The conventional method for identifying and analyzing essential o MoreThis article deals with evaluate the purity and detection of peppermint essential oil compositions using different spectrometry and refraction spectrometry methods and to compare them with chromatography. The conventional method for identifying and analyzing essential oils is a costly gas chromatography-coupled mass spectrometer. For this purpose, peppermint essential oil extract was first extracted and its main constituents were identified by chromatogram, menthol and menthon. Then using fast and low cost Raman spectroscopy method with three different spectrometers, two compounds of menthon and menthol were determined. Refractometry and FTIR spectroscopy were used to evaluate the purity of peppermint essential oil. Concentrations of 20, 30, 40, 60, 80 and 90 peppermint essential oils were manually made by cyclohexane solvent. These different concentrations and sample were tested by Refractometry and FTIR spectroscopy. As the results show, infrared spectroscopy is not capable of quantitatively identifying the essence of pure peppermint and its diluted concentrations and is only capable of qualitatively identifying different molecules, but can be clearly distinguishable by the use of refractive index analysis of different concentrations and pure samples. Therefore, Raman spectroscopy and refractive analysis is a fast and inexpensive method capable of identifying the major constituents and determining the purity of the essential oils. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Phytochemical variation of the seed essential oils of several populations of garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) in different habitats of Iran
Niloufar Jelvehgar Seied Mehdi Miri Khodadad Mostafavi Abdollah MohammadiThe genus Lepidium from the family Brassicaceae has 16 species in Iran, and the most famous species is garden cress (L. sativum), which is used as a vegetable or medicinal plant. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the quality and quantity of seed essential oil of MoreThe genus Lepidium from the family Brassicaceae has 16 species in Iran, and the most famous species is garden cress (L. sativum), which is used as a vegetable or medicinal plant. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the quality and quantity of seed essential oil of seven L. sativum populations collected from different climatic regions of Iran. Seeds of L. sativum populations were hydro-distillated by clevenger, and the chemical composition of the essential oils and their quantitative percentages were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The main compounds of seed essential oil were monoterpenes 1,8-cineole (44.5%), α-terpinyl acetate (13.9%) and α-pinene (7.7%). The populations of Karaj, Kerman and Qazvin had the highest amounts of 1,8-cineole, α-terpinyl acetate and α-pinene, respectively. The results of cluster analysis based on the chemical composition of garden cress seed essential oil using the Nearest neighbor method showed that seven studied populations were divided into two groups, and this grouping did not match the geographical coordinates of the regions. The first group included the populations of Kerman, Qazvin, Shahriar and Tabriz, and the second group were the populations of Shiraz, Hamadan and Karaj, which had the highest amount of 1,8-cineole and the lowest amount of α-terpinyl acetate and 7,10-hexadecadienoic acid, methyl ester. According to the results of the bi-plot diagram of principle component analysis (PCA), Karaj population -which had the lowest values of the first and second components- was placed in a distinct group. No significant correlation was observed between the main compositions of the essential oil with the geographic coordinates and weather conditions of the collection sites. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Essential oil composition and gum phytochemistery of Dorema ammoniacum D. which collected from Birjand
Mohamad Norani Mohammad-Taghi Ebadi Alexander Crawford Mahdi Ayari NoushabadiDorema ammoniacum D. Don. is a perennial herbs from Apiaceae family that grows wild in central and eastern regions of Iran such as Yazd, Isfahan, Kerman, Semnan and Khorasan provinces, and its local names are Kandal, Vasha or Oshagh and Koma-kandal. There is some eviden MoreDorema ammoniacum D. Don. is a perennial herbs from Apiaceae family that grows wild in central and eastern regions of Iran such as Yazd, Isfahan, Kerman, Semnan and Khorasan provinces, and its local names are Kandal, Vasha or Oshagh and Koma-kandal. There is some evidence in Iranian traditional medicine about the anticonvulsant and anti-inflammatory properties of D. ammoniacum gum resin exuding from its root and stem. In this study, roots, stems, leaves, flowers and gums of D. ammoniacum were collected in the spring 2018 from Birjand in South Khorasan province. After drying the samples, the essential oils were extracted by hydro distillation and their content and compositions were investigated with gas chromatography techniques. The highest and lowest yield of essential oil in D. ammoniacum was obtained for gum and roots with a value of 1.0% and 0.2%, respectively. Based on the analysis of essential oils, 73 compounds were identified in organs and gum. In roots, stems, leaves, flowers and gum essential oils 91.3 %, 97.15 %, 91.8 %, 88.4 % and 89.4 % of the total components were identified, respectively. (Z)-sabinene hydrate, (2E, 6E)-farnesol, elemicin and n-hexacosane were common compounds among all essential oils. In addition, a series of monocyclic bisabolene compounds such as α-bisabolol, Z-α-bisabolene, β-bisabolene, ar-curcumene, ar-dihydro turmerone in different organs of the D. ammoniacum essential oils. The percentage of bisabolene compounds identified in different D. ammoniacum essential oils was 35.5% for root, 3.4% for stem, 1.4% for leaf, 14.5% for flower and 8.5% for gum essential oil. The most identified compounds in the D. ammoniacum essential oil were sesquiterpene compounds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Separation and Quantification of Hydrocarbons of LPG Using Novel MWCNT-Silica Gel Nanocomposite as Packed Column Adsorbent of Gas Chromatography
Seyed Mojtaba Mostafavi Masoumeh Piryaei Ahmad Rouhollahi Ali Mohajeri -
Open Access Article
71 - Separation of Aromatic and Alcoholic Mixtures using Novel MWCNT-Silica Gel Nanocomposite as an Adsorbent in Gas Chromatography
Seyed Mojtaba Mostafavi Ahmad Rouhollahi Ali Mohajeri Masoumeh Piryaei -
Open Access Article
72 - Quantitative Determination of LPG Hydrocarbons by Modified Packed Column Adsorbent of Gas Chromatography Via Full Factorial Design
Asghar Pasban Seyed Mojtaba Mostafavi Hanieh Malekzadeh Benyamin Mohammad Nazari -
Open Access Article
73 - بررسی فیتوشیمیایی و تجزیه و تحلیل LCMS عصاره آبی اتانولی برگ Pavonia senegalensis (cav.) Liestner از تیره پنیرک
عمر شهو عبدالمومین ابوبکر سالیسو شهو سالیسو اولوالوBackground & Aim: The leaves of Pavonia senegalensis are used in African traditional medicine in the treatment of wounds and bone infection. The aim of this study is to quantify the phytochemical constituents and establish the LCMS profile of the hydroalcoholic extr MoreBackground & Aim: The leaves of Pavonia senegalensis are used in African traditional medicine in the treatment of wounds and bone infection. The aim of this study is to quantify the phytochemical constituents and establish the LCMS profile of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of P. senegalensis which can be used in the authentication, standardization and quality control of herbal products labelled as the leaves of P. senegalensisExperimental: Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening of the aqueous ethanol leaf extract were carried out using standard methods. LCMS analysis was carried out for identification of phytochemical compounds in the aqueous ethanol leaf extract of the plant.Results: The phytochemical screening of the aqueous ethanol leaf extract of P. senegalensis showed the presence of phenolic compounds (flavonoids and tannins) and steroids/triterpenes (saponins). The quantitative phtytochemical determination per gram of the plant extract revealed total phenolics 152.5 mg/g, flavonoids 133.4 mg/g, tannins 24.50 mg/g and saponins 81.9 mg/g. Eight compounds were tentatively identified from the LCMS analysis of the plant extract which included the flavonoid glycosides: kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-glucose-6''-acetate, luteolin-8-C-glucoside, daidzein O-di-hexosidemalonylated, kaempferol hexose glucuronide, malvidin 3-O-glucoside and Dihexosyl luteolin sulfate; and the saponin Oleanolic acid 3-O-glucose acid.Recommended applications/industries: The results of this study can be used in the identification process and help in quality control for authentication and detection of adulteration of herbal medicines labelled as P. senegalensis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - فعالیت ضد باکتریایی و ترکیبات شیمیایی برگ های Bombax glabrum (Pasq.) A. Robyns
اولوفونمی وسو پل اوگانباموو ساموئل بانکول اولامیلکان آتدو روفیات ائیدیرانBackground & Aim:Bombax glabrum is used in traditional medicine for the relief of general pain and digestive problems. The aim of this study was to establish the antibacterial activity, to characterize and identify the bioactive compounds in the leaves of the plant. MoreBackground & Aim:Bombax glabrum is used in traditional medicine for the relief of general pain and digestive problems. The aim of this study was to establish the antibacterial activity, to characterize and identify the bioactive compounds in the leaves of the plant. Experimental: The powdered leave samples were sequentially extracted with n-hexane and chloroform using a soxhlet apparatus. Phytochemical screening was done using standard analytical procedures and the antibacterial activity of both extracts was tested against Bacillus subtills, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia using modified agar disc diffusion method. The chloroform extract was subjected to column chromatography separation in combination with TLC. Contact autobiography was carried out on two active spot(s) while purified fractions of these spots were analyzed using GC-MS. Results: Phytochemical screening shows the presence of saponins, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and sterols. The plant has inhibitory activity against S. aureus and E. coli; while the GC-MS of two active spots of the chloroform extract (with Rf of 0.60 and 0.82) yielded 12 and 17 compounds for band C3 and C5, respectively, which were active against S. aureus only. Most abundant compounds are bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (34.54) and 2-pentadecanone, 6,10,14-trimethyl (41.81 %), respectively. Recommended applications/industries: The presence of bioactive compounds could account for the plant’s inhibitory action against S. aureus and E. coli which may justify its use in managing infections Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - اثر بهبودی یک ساپونین فوروستین جدا شده از ریزوم Costus spectabilis (Costaceae) بر آب مروارید در شرایط آزمایشگاهی
سالیسو شهو عمر دانمالم نجما الیاس محمد دانجوما علیو موسیBackground & Aim: Extracts from plants, such as C. spectabilis (rhizome) traditionally used for the treatment of cataract may potentially contain anticataract lead compound(s). The current study aimed to isolate the constituent(s) of the extract of C. spectabilis an MoreBackground & Aim: Extracts from plants, such as C. spectabilis (rhizome) traditionally used for the treatment of cataract may potentially contain anticataract lead compound(s). The current study aimed to isolate the constituent(s) of the extract of C. spectabilis and evaluate its anticataract effect.Experimental: The isolation of the constituent was achieved using silica gel, sephadex column chromatography and preparative thin layer chromatography of the n-butanol fraction of aqueous ethanol extract of the rhizome, followed by analysis using NMR spectroscopy. The anticataract effect was investigated using H2O2-induced cataract model. Lenses freshly obtained from rats were cultured in the presence or absence of hydrogen peroxide (0.5 mM), and or in the presence of H2O2 (0.5 mM) with any of the three concentrations of compound SL1 (0.5 mgmL-1, 0.25 mgmL-1, or 0.125 mgmL-1 ) over a period of 24 hrs. Lens opacity (index of cataract) was quantified by scoring and image analysis. The lens total protein, antioxidant bio-molecules (GSH, SOD) and lipid peroxidation (MDA level) were determined according to standard methods.Results: Chromatographic fractionation of the extract led to the isolation of a compound characterised as 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2)-α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (25R)-furost-5-ene-3β, 22α, 26-triol-26-O- β-D-glucopyranoside based on its NMR data. The lenses treated with hydrogen peroxide (only) demonstrated significantly higher indices of opacity compared to the normal or compound treated. The groups treated with the compound (at 0.5 and 0.25 mgmL-1 concentrations) significantly (P≤ 0.001) exhibited lower score of opacity and grey image pixel intensity compared to the untreated group. Although the compound significantly (P≤0.05) prevented the depletion of lens total protein at all concentrations used, the loss of GSH, SOD and increase in MDA levels induced by H2O2 were not prevented significantly.Recommended applications/industries: The compound isolated can serve as a promising lead for the development of anticataract drug. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - ارزیابی کمی و کیفی اسیدهای چرب بذر خیار چنبر (Cucumis melo var. flexuosus)
ابوالفضل امینی حسینعلی اسدی قارنه الهام فروزندهBackground & Aim:Armenian cucumber (Cucumis melo var. flexuosus) is one of the varieties of Cucurbitaceae family that is freshly consumed in Iran, while due to the presence of useful fatty acids and minerals, it can play a special role in the health diet. The a MoreBackground & Aim:Armenian cucumber (Cucumis melo var. flexuosus) is one of the varieties of Cucurbitaceae family that is freshly consumed in Iran, while due to the presence of useful fatty acids and minerals, it can play a special role in the health diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative of fatty acids in the seeds of Armenian cucumber. Experimental: Fruits were harvested in summer of 2018 at a fully ripened stage.The seeds were manually separated from the fruits and dried in roomtemperature. Evaluation of morphological traits was performed in the laboratory of horticulture sciences department. The seed oil extraction was done using Soxhlet apparatus and fatty acids analysis was performed by gas chromatography at Central Research Institute of Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch. Results: The mean of 100-seed weight was 4.08 g, the mean of seed length and diameter were 12.46 and 4.84 mm, respectively, andthe ratio of kernel to seed shellwas 2.75. The seed oil content was 34.8% and included of 24 kind of different fatty acids. The most important unsaturated fatty acids were linoleic with 51.62% and oleic acid with 28.31% and the most important saturated fatty acids were palmitic and stearic acids with 11.16% and 7.16%, respectively. The sum of unsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids and the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids were 19.46, 80.54 and 4.13, respectively. Recommended applications/industries: According to the results of this research, America cucumber seeds are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids that will make them suitable for food, pharmaceutical and industrial applications. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - بررسی اثر شرایط اقلیمی بر غلظت استویوزید در استویای تولید شده در مناطق مختلف ایران و بهینه سازی شرایط استخراج استویوزید
آلاله نیکوئی محمد حجت الاسلامی جواد کرامت حسین کیانیمقدمه و هدف: با توجه به افزایش بیماریهایی از جمله دیابت و چاقی امروزه استفاده از جایگزینهای ساکارز برای تولید محصولات کم کالری و بدون قند مورد توجه پژوهشگران و صنعتگران قرار گرفته است. در این میان استویوزید با شیرینی 300 برابر نسبت به ساکارز Moreمقدمه و هدف: با توجه به افزایش بیماریهایی از جمله دیابت و چاقی امروزه استفاده از جایگزینهای ساکارز برای تولید محصولات کم کالری و بدون قند مورد توجه پژوهشگران و صنعتگران قرار گرفته است. در این میان استویوزید با شیرینی 300 برابر نسبت به ساکارز با توجه به طبیعی بودن آن دارای جایگاه ویژه ای میباشد. هدف از اینپژوهش بهینه سازی شرایط استخراج استویوزید از برگهای گیاه استویا (میزان حلال، دما و زمان) و بررسی اقلیمهای متفاوت بر روی میزان غلظت استویوزید میباشد. روش تحقیق: در ابتدا بهینه سازی استخراج استویوزید (میزان حلال، دما و زمان) صورت گرفته سپس نتایج بر روی گیاهان پرورش یافته در سه ناحیه با اقلیم متفاوت (اصفهان: معتدل و کوهستانی، شهرکرد: سرد و کوهستانی و شیراز: گرم و کوهستانی) اعمال شد و در نهایت میزان غلظت استویوزید با استفاده از کروماتوگرافی مایع با کارایی بالا مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج و بحث: با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده بهترین شرایط استخراج در مدت زمان 120 دقیقه، دمای 50 درجه سانتیگراد و حجم 160 میلیلیتر از حلال (اتانول) میباشد؛ درادامهبااعمالایننتایجبررویگیاهانرشددادهشدهدرسه شهراصفهان،شیرازوشهرکردنتایج بدست آمده نشان داد کهشرایطاقلیمیمی­تواند تاثیرگذار بررویمحصولباشدبهطوریکهدراینمیان گیاهان پرورش یافته در اصفهانبیشترینسطحوراندمانتولیدتندرهکتارودرمقابلازبیشترینناخالصیبرخوردارمیباشد در حالیکه گیاهان پرورش یافته در شیراز دارای کمترین راندمان تولید تن در هکتار و دارای خلوص بالا میباشند. توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی:با توجه به بالا رفتن مصرف شیرین­کننده­ی استویوزید و همچنین قیمت بالای شیرین­کننده­ی فوق، کشت و پرورش آن در کشور امری مهم محسوب میشود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان­دهنده­ی تحقق کشت این گیاه در کشور و استخراج شیرین­کننده­ی استویوزید با استفاده از حلال میباشد؛ با این حال انجام پژوهشهای بیشتر بر روی روشهای استخراج دیگر نیز امری ضروری و مهم میباشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - The Comparison of Chemo Signal Compositions in Body Fluids of Holstein Cows from Different Estrus Periods
Ö. Anitaş S. Göncü -
Open Access Article
79 - بررسی امکان حضور اتانول در تعدادی گیاهان زینتی و معطر با استفاده از کروماتوگرافی گازی
مریم نصوری گزنی شهاب شریعتی علی رفیع زاده محمد نقی صفرزاده ویشکاییگیاهان بخش قابل توجهی از کربن جذب شده خود را به عنوان مواد آلی فرار زیستی مجدداً در هوا منتشر میسازند. با توجه به مقادیر نسبتاً زیاد متانول در عرقیات گیاهی، انتظار میرود که، غلظت های متفاوتی از اتانول نیز در چنین نوشیدنیهایی یافت شود، زیرا، بعضی از تحقیقات نشان داده Moreگیاهان بخش قابل توجهی از کربن جذب شده خود را به عنوان مواد آلی فرار زیستی مجدداً در هوا منتشر میسازند. با توجه به مقادیر نسبتاً زیاد متانول در عرقیات گیاهی، انتظار میرود که، غلظت های متفاوتی از اتانول نیز در چنین نوشیدنیهایی یافت شود، زیرا، بعضی از تحقیقات نشان داده است، گیاهان همانند متانول، اتانول نیز تولید و در هوا منتشر میسازند. در این تحقیق، مقدار اتانول در 30 نمونه عرق گیاهی صنعتی تولید شده توسط سه کارخانه مختلف مورد اندازه گیری قرار گرفت. برای این منظور، محلولهایی با غلظت mg L-1 10000 از اتانول و متانول به عنوان استانداردهای اصلی و داخلی بطور مجزا تهیه گردید که در ادامه، غلظتهای متفاوتی از محلول اتانول ساخته شده تهیه شد و در ادامه µL 50 از محلول متانول به تمام استانداردها و نمونههای استاندارد داخلی اضافه شد و سپس، مقدار اتانول همه آنها با استفاده از دستگاه GC مورد اندازه گیری قرار گرفتند. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد، بعضی از انواع عرقیات گیاهی دارای اتانول هستند. بیشترین مقدار اتانول مربوط به گلاب با میانگین mg L-1 4/96 و کمترین آن در عرق بیدمشک با میانگین mg L-1 5/ 15 (تنها یک نمونه mg L-1 5/15 بود و در دو نمونه دیگر دیده نشد) دیده شد، در حالی که، دیگر نمونههای مورد آزمایش فاقد اتانول بودند. با توجه به حضور اتانول در بعضی از نمونههای مورد بررسی، تحقیقات بیشتر در این زمینه ضروری به نظر میرسد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Hydrochemical and statistical analysis of Nitrate pollution of groundwater in Meydavod-Sarleh plain
Manochehr Chitsazan Khadijeh Aghbarararian Saadat Rastegarzadeh -
Open Access Article
81 - Investigation on correlation between the content of palmitic acid methyl ester obtained by transesterification of natural rubber’s extracted lipids and cure characteristics of rubber compounds using gas chromatography – mass spectroscopy
Fereshteh Eildari Mercedeh Malekzadeh Mandana Saber Tehrani Fereshteh MotieeIn this research work, the correlations between the curing properties of natural rubber based compounds were investigated with the content of palmitic acid methyl ester obtained by transesterification of natural rubber’s extracted lipids. For this purpose, at the MoreIn this research work, the correlations between the curing properties of natural rubber based compounds were investigated with the content of palmitic acid methyl ester obtained by transesterification of natural rubber’s extracted lipids. For this purpose, at the first step the lipids in natural rubber were extracted and methyl esters derivatives were prepared. At the second step the obtained palmitic acid methyl esters from different natural rubbers were identified and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Finally the correlations between the amount of palmitic acid methyl ester and curing properties of rubber compounds were investigated and linear models were obtained. These models were used for prediction of cure properties in a case study. The results showed that scorch time, optimum cure time and cure rate index can be predicted by less than 6% error and torque difference can be estimated by lower than 13% error. This new approach can be used to predict the cure properties of the compound before compounding. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Comparison of measurements of hydrocarbons of oily sludge: Elemental analysis in solid phase or gas chromatography in liquid phase
Yasser Hamidi seyed ahmad ataei Amir SarrafiIt is important to determine the exact amounts of hydrocarbons in the solid organic matter. In this research was conducted on the dredging of oily sludge from kerosene and gasoil reservoirs of Kerman oil depots. For this purpose, firstly, the amount of sludge hydrocarbo MoreIt is important to determine the exact amounts of hydrocarbons in the solid organic matter. In this research was conducted on the dredging of oily sludge from kerosene and gasoil reservoirs of Kerman oil depots. For this purpose, firstly, the amount of sludge hydrocarbons after extraction with organic solvents in the liquid phase was measured by gas chromatography (GC) method. The results were evaluated by CHNS elemental analysis test before and after the separation of sludge hydrocarbons in the solid phase. The results show that different organic solvents (normal hexane, dichloromethane, chloroform, acetone and their combination) in different extraction methods (Soxhlet and Shaker methods) and under different conditions (temperature and number of extraction steps) could not separate the all hydrocarbons from oily sludge. As a result, the amount of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) of real samples reported from dissolution in the liquid phase in most studies is incomplete and their residual value in the solid phase should also be considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Preconcentration and measurement of fenitrothion in water and vegetable samples using ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction based on applying low-density organic solvent
Faezeh Khalilian Mohammad RezaeeInsecticides can remain in the food products after using, and spread in the environment, surface soil and underground water. The existence of insecticides remainder in the food products is one of the most important concerns for consumers. They have undesirable effects t MoreInsecticides can remain in the food products after using, and spread in the environment, surface soil and underground water. The existence of insecticides remainder in the food products is one of the most important concerns for consumers. They have undesirable effects to human health during a long time. In this research, simple and efficient ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction (USAEME) method was successfully developed based on applying low density organic solvents for the extraction and determination of fenitrothion insecticide in vegetable and water samples. Several factors influencing the extraction such as type and volume of extraction solvent, temperature, ionic strength and centrifugation time were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration ranges was from 2.0 to 100 µg L-1 in water sample and was range from 0.02 to 20 mg kg-1 in plant. The applicability of the proposed method was successfully evaluated by the extraction and determination of fenitrothion from some natural vegetable and water samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Application of calibration transfer method exploiting multivariate standardization for detection and quantification of parabens in aquatic environments using gas-mass spectrometry chromatography
Maryam Vosough Maryam Torbati Kourosh Tabar HeydarParabens are widely used as preservatives in pharmaceuticals, food, and personal care products. Solid phase extraction (SPE) is one of the most frequently used methods for monitoring parabens in aqueous samples. However, SPE is a costly and time consuming method. In thi MoreParabens are widely used as preservatives in pharmaceuticals, food, and personal care products. Solid phase extraction (SPE) is one of the most frequently used methods for monitoring parabens in aqueous samples. However, SPE is a costly and time consuming method. In this study, the application of piecewise direct standardization (PDS) method for transfer of direct calibration of gas chromatography -mass spectrometry (GC-MS) data to SPE-based calibration and quantification of methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl parben derivatives in aqueous environmental samples has been evaluated. In this method, at first, a multivariate model is constructed using different chromatographic regions based on only two subsets of direct and extracted calibration data, and then a transformation matrix is obtained, which in the next step it can correct all direct calibration samples to be matched with SPE-based data. Modeling validation was confirmed using altrernating trilinear decomposition (ATLD) method, and the recovery values were 81-106% and the mean relative prediction error was 2.1-6.4% for validation samples. Finally, modified direct calibration samples were used to detect and predict pollutants (at low µg/l values) in several real water samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Synthesis of alanine methyl ester-calix[4]arene-appended silica particles as a chiral stationary phase for HPLC
صادق یعقوب نژاد کورش تبار حیدر سید حمید احمدی رضا زادمردHere we report the synthesis of a novel covalently immobilized calix[4]arne derivative as a chiral stationary phase )CSP( for HPLC. In the structure of CSP, the upper rim of calix[4]arne is substituted with two L-alanine units and the lower rim of calix[4]arene is linke MoreHere we report the synthesis of a novel covalently immobilized calix[4]arne derivative as a chiral stationary phase )CSP( for HPLC. In the structure of CSP, the upper rim of calix[4]arne is substituted with two L-alanine units and the lower rim of calix[4]arene is linked to the silica gel by thiol-ene click chemistry. Elemental analysis of the CSP showed 120 μmol of chiral selector bonded per gram of silica gel. 1-Hexene was used for end-capping of unreacted mercapto groups on silica gel. The CSP is chemically bonded to the silica and can be used in the normal-phase mode, reversed-phase mode, and with halogenated solvents mobile phases, if desired. The chromatographic performance of the CSP was evaluated with enantioseparation of the 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl )DNB) derivatives of some amino acids. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Identification of fatty acid contents and study the effects of environmental factors on their seasonal variations in two dominant gastropods of Chabahar bay
N. Sajjadi P. EghtesadiFatty acid contents and their seasonal variations studied in Nerita textilis and Turbo coronatus, two dominant gastropods of Chabahar bay, in the South east of Iran and northern part of Oman Sea in Indian Ocean. This area provides high rates of primary productivity and MoreFatty acid contents and their seasonal variations studied in Nerita textilis and Turbo coronatus, two dominant gastropods of Chabahar bay, in the South east of Iran and northern part of Oman Sea in Indian Ocean. This area provides high rates of primary productivity and so a diverse food source for mollusks. Environmental factors, including temperature, chlorophyll a and salinity measured monthly and their effects on fatty acids variations considered by statistical analysis. By Gas Chromatography twelve and fifteen fatty acids identified in Nerita textilis andTurbo coronatus, respectively. Unsaturated fatty acids dominated over saturated ones in Nerita textilis and oleic acid was the major fatty acid, while saturated fatty acids were dominants in Turbo coronatus and the major fatty acid was palmitic acid. Statistical analysis showed correlation of oleic acid with temperature, gadoleic acid with chlorophyll a and margaric acid with salinity in Nerita textilis , while salinity was the only environmental factor which showed correlation with lignoceric acid in Turbo coronatus . In conclusion it could be finding that the fatty acid contents might be different and also, there could be different effects of environmental factors on fatty acid variations in two species of a class in a common habitat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Identification of fatty acids composition in fresh and frozen silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) for determination of its shelf life at -18ْc
A. R. Najafi N. BeheshtisereshtIn this work, after extraction and methylation of the lipids form silver carp tissues in fresh and frozen stages and their changes during 6 months in -18°C, identification of fatty acids of the samples were done by gas chromatography (Shymatsv HSSA4). Results of thi MoreIn this work, after extraction and methylation of the lipids form silver carp tissues in fresh and frozen stages and their changes during 6 months in -18°C, identification of fatty acids of the samples were done by gas chromatography (Shymatsv HSSA4). Results of this investigation showed that amounts of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids in fresh samples were 70/95% and 28/95% respectively. In fresh tissues the amount of oleic acid was 30/16%, and Iino leice amount was 11/44%. Alpfa – lino lenice acide was 4/41%, Gcosapanethanoic was 6/42% and docosa hexanoic was 6/15%. These were the most important poly-saturated fatty acids. But after six months of freezing at -18° c the amounts of these fatty acids decreased to 10/02%, 3/18%, 2/97%, 1/05% and 1/02% respectively. Results showed a decrease in freezing condition of fatty acids. Based on these results, the best storage for frozen fish in -18°C is four months. These results were subjected to tests of Tukey and Analysis of Variance and were significant at the level of 95%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Isolation and phylogenetic analysis of indigenous oil-degrading bacteria from soil of Karoon area in Ahvaz
Mohammad Hossein Arash Assadirad Mahnaz Mazaher Asadi Hamid Rashedi Taher Nejadsattari Background & Objectives: Bioremediation is the promising technology for the treatment of the contaminated sites since it is cost-effective and will lead to complete mineralization. This study was aimed to isolation and phylogenetic identification of indigeno More Background & Objectives: Bioremediation is the promising technology for the treatment of the contaminated sites since it is cost-effective and will lead to complete mineralization. This study was aimed to isolation and phylogenetic identification of indigenous oil-degrading bacteria from soil of Karoon area in Ahvaz. Materials & Methods: The crude oil contaminated soil of Karoon area in Ahvaz was sampled accidentally and under sterile condition. The amount of absorbable phosphorus was determined using Olson method and also, carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen by CHN meter device. Mineral salt medium containing 2% crude oil was used for isolation of oil eating bacteria. Following sieving the soil samples, the total carbon content of the soils were analysed by gas chromatography. Biochemical tests and PCR method were used to identify the dominant bacteria. Results: In this study, 44 bacterial strains were isolated, among them 20 isolates in the first and one in the second screening methods were selected, which was nominated as S31.This strain belonged to Bacillus licheniformis. The growth of the selected isolate in the media with 2% crude oil was better than the standard strain and remediated 84% of the crude oil in 30 days incubation time at about 30o C. Conclusion: The selected Bacillus could use 2% of crude oil as source of carbon and energy and we suggest further studies on this bacterium in bacterial consortia. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Anti-biofilm and anti-bacterial effects of bacteriocin-producing strains of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis
Mohammad Reza Sarjoughian Shakiba Darvish Alipour AstanehBackground & Objectives: The prevalence of infection, along with the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has caused the antibacterial peptide, bacteriocins, to be considered. The purpose of this study was to compare the antibacterial effect of bacteriocin-produc MoreBackground & Objectives: The prevalence of infection, along with the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has caused the antibacterial peptide, bacteriocins, to be considered. The purpose of this study was to compare the antibacterial effect of bacteriocin-producing bacteria.Materials & Methods: The inhibitory activity of bacteria isolated from different regions of Semnan soil, Dasht Desert (Semnan University Bacterial Culture Collection; DDBCC) was studied against the indicators by agar diffusion method. Candidate strains were identified by biochemical and molecular tests. Concentrating the selected bacteriocins by ammonium sulfate saturation, the effects of biofilm destruction were studied. Then, using a thin layer chromatography the selected bacteriocins were purified and their antimicrobial activity was confirmed.Results: The 16s rRNA sequencing results showed 98% similarity of DDBCC38 and DDBCC51 isolates to E. coli and 96% similarity of the DDBCC46 isolate to Bacillus subtilis. Concentrated DDBCC51 and DDBCC38 bacteriocins inhibited the growth of Bacillus cereus, Bacillus anthracis, and Klebsiella pneumonia after 52 hours. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus biofilms were destructed by DDBCC51 and DDBCC38 bacteriocins 12.0% and 40.0%, and 19.6% and 40%, respectively. In contrast, concentrated DDBCC46 bacteriocin was effective on K. pneumonia and P. aeruginosa in 72 hours but had no effect on biofilm destruction. The purification of DDBCC38 and DDBCC51 bacteriocins by thin layer chromatography resulted in 2 mm increasing of inhibition zone diameter against K. pneumoniae. However, purified DDBCC46 bacteriocin reduced it by 4 mm.Conclusion: Considering the anti-biofilm and antagonistic properties of the respective isolates, further studies for optimization of the production conditions and molecular identification of the produced bacteriocin are proposed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Purification of recombinant human growth hormone produced in soluble form in Escherichia coli in lab-scale
Seyed Morteza Robatjazi Seyed Mohammad Hasanpour Matikolaee Valiolah Babaeipour Babaeipour Hamideh Rouhani NejadBackground & Objectives: Human growth hormone (hGH) or somatotropin is a single chain polypeptide that consisting of 191 amino acid residues and a molecular weight of 22kDa. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the production and purification of the soluble for MoreBackground & Objectives: Human growth hormone (hGH) or somatotropin is a single chain polypeptide that consisting of 191 amino acid residues and a molecular weight of 22kDa. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the production and purification of the soluble form of recombinant human growth hormone in the lab-scale.Material & Methods: In this study, the recombinant E. coli containing the plasmid pET32a(+)-hGH was used. To obtain high-level production of soluble hGH in the cytoplasm was used from Trx tag and for the purification process of hGH was used from His tag. The bacteria were grown in LB and TB culture media at 25 ⁰C. The purification process carried out based on affinity chromatography using Ni-NTA resin.Results: The SDS-PAGE analysis showed 55% hGH expression that 33.7% expressed as soluble and 18.8% expressed as IBs. The amount of hGH fusion protein purified through a Ni-NTA column was 22. 4 mg per gram of wet cells.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that hGH-Trx fusion protein was properly expressed. The purity of hGH fusion protein purified by the histidine-tagged protein purification method was determined by 91% with a total yield of 38%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Isolation of fluorene degrading microorganisms from sediments of the Southern Caspian Sea Coasts and evaluation of their bioremediation potential
Ehteram Sadat Rahimi Jamshid Fooladi gholamhossein ebrahimipour Mohammad Reza Soudi Tayebeh FooladiBackground and Objectives: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are one of the most important environmental pollutants. Bioremediation using microorganisms is a cost-effective and safe method for the removal or conversion of these pollutants to less toxic substances. This s MoreBackground and Objectives: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are one of the most important environmental pollutants. Bioremediation using microorganisms is a cost-effective and safe method for the removal or conversion of these pollutants to less toxic substances. This study aimed to isolate and introduce fluorene-degrading microorganisms from the southern coast of the Caspian Sea. Materials and Methods: The mixed microbial culture enrichment and isolation was done in salt-based culture medium containing fluorene. The qualitative analysis of fluorene degradation in the solid basal salt medium was investigated. The rate of fluorene removal by the isolated mixed microbial culture was also determined using gas chromatography in a liquid salt base medium. The molecular identification of the fungal and bacterial isolates was performed using the sequential analysis of the ITS protected region and 16S rRNA sequencing, respectively. Results: The mixed microbial culture including bacterial isolates (belonging to the genus Pseudomonas, Acromobacter, Chryseobacterium, Microbacterium, and Rhodococcus) and fungal isolate (belonging to the genus Fusarium) was enriched and isolated. Chromatographic analysis showed that the mixed microbial culture was able to degrade 87% of fluorene (200 mg / l ) in a basal salt medium at 30 °C, pH 7 and 7 days of incubation. Conclusion: According to the results, the mixed microbial can remove a large amount of fluorene from the basal salt medium under the mentioned conditions and it is possible that under a similar situation, it can remove a large amount of fluorene from the contaminated area through bioremediation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Isolation and molecular identification of Rhodotorula musilaginosa and its potential for applications in biodiesel production
Marjan Enshaeieh Azadeh Abdoli Iraj Nahvi Mahbobeh MadaniBackground and Objectives: Microbial lipid composition is similar to the oil obtained from plants and animals. Although vegetable oils were originally used for producing biodiesel, high costs of the process encouraged industries to use microbial lipids as biodiese MoreBackground and Objectives: Microbial lipid composition is similar to the oil obtained from plants and animals. Although vegetable oils were originally used for producing biodiesel, high costs of the process encouraged industries to use microbial lipids as biodiesel sources. This study was conducted to isolate yeast strains with high lipid productivity, to optimize the extraction process of produced lipid and to convert the lipids to biodiesel. Materials and Methods: In this study, after isolation of the yeast Rhodotorula, the productivity of microbial lipid in nitrogen limited condition, rice straw and wheat bran hydrolyzate was evaluated. The products were analyzed based on Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry technique (GC-MS). The lipid production was optimized by two techniques (one factorial and Taguchi method) and the results were compared. At the end, the yeast strain was identified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. Results: The strain isolated from this study was identified as Rhodotorula musilaginosa. The strain had high lipid production and dry biomass of 10.97 g/l and 18.84 g/l in optimized conditions, respectively. The highest fatty acids were Palmitic acid (18.51%) and Oleic acid (67.29%). Conclusion: The results obtained in this study indicate that there are valuable native strains in our country that they can be used in different industries , especially biodiesel production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Effect of spraying iron and zinc sulfate fertilizer on lemon balm (Melisa officinalis L.) medicinal plants essential oil component
Esfandiar Hassani Moghadam Mozafar Dolatshah Mahdi Shaaban Reza YarahmadiIn this research order to study the effect of spraying iron and zinc sulfate fertilizer on lemon balm (Melisa officinalis L.) essential oil component at Khoramabad city climate. A factorial experiment was conducted based on a complete randomized design with three replic MoreIn this research order to study the effect of spraying iron and zinc sulfate fertilizer on lemon balm (Melisa officinalis L.) essential oil component at Khoramabad city climate. A factorial experiment was conducted based on a complete randomized design with three replications. Two factors including iron sulfate fertilizer at control, 2 and 5 ppm and zinc sulfate fertilizer at control, 2 and 5 ppm. Essential oils isolated by hydro-distillation with Clevenger apparatus. The essence fraction identified and measurement by GC/MS. The result obtained from this study led to identification 28 fractions on lemon balm volatile oil. In the essential oil of lemon balm jeraniol (66.65%), Trans caryophilen (8.41%), caryophylen oxide (4.99%), verbenol (2.17%), citronellol (1.615), alpha morelol (1.525), germacrin D (1.38%) and alpha cadinol (1.68%) were the major components. Results show under fertilizer treatment no significant observed (P ≤ 0.01) at herbal dry yield. But the amount of essence differences between fertilizer treatmentsandsignificant at (P ≤ 0.01) observed.To increasing the essence amount, 5 ppm zinc sulfate treatment was best treatment. I Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Correlation of Aspergillus flavus Growth and Aflatoxin Production with Sugar and Lipid Content among Pistachio Cultivars
Mahdi Mohammadi Moghadam Mohammad Moradi Amir Hossein Mohammadi Seyed Reza Fani -
Open Access Article
95 - Trace Monitoring of Phthalate Esters in Environmental Water Samples by Ionic Liquid-based Ultrasound-assisted In-situ Solvent Formation Microextraction Combined with High-performance Liquid Chromatography
Mohsen Zeeb Hadi Farahani -
Open Access Article
96 - A Simple Procedure to Evaluate Competitiveness of Toxigenic and Atoxigenic Isolates of Aspergillus flavus in Solid and Liquid Media
Mohammad Moradi Seyed Reza Fani Rosa Dargahi Mehdi Mohammadi Moghadam Abdolhamid Sherafati -
Open Access Article
97 - Trace Analysis of Pharmaceutical Residues in Wastewater Treatment Plants in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Aldo Pacheco Ferreira -
Open Access Article
98 - Magnetic Solvent Bar Liquid-Phase Microextraction Followed by Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection for the Trace Determination of Selected Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Environmental Water Samples
Hadi Farahani Mohsen Zeeb -
Open Access Article
99 - Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIP) for Selective Solid Phase Extraction of Celecoxib in Urine Samples Followed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Saeedeh Ansari Azam Ghorbani -
Open Access Article
100 - Analysis of Hydroxyl Methyl Furfuran by Graphene Oxide-reinforced Hollow Fiber Electromembrane Extraction in Food Samples
Maryam Rezaee Shahram Shoeibi Mahmoud Ebrahimi -
Open Access Article
101 - Determination of Magnesium, Calcium and Sulphate Ion Impurities in Commercial Edible Salt
Ahmad Heydarieh Majid Arabameri Arezoo Ebrahimi Atefeh Ashabi Leila Monjazeb Marvdashti Behdad Shokrollahi Yancheshmeh anna abdolshahi -
Open Access Article
102 - Examining the Existence of Synthetic Dyes in the Nuts Offered in Marivan County, West of Iran
Bakhtiar Heydarzade Peyman Jajarbeygi Razzagh Mahmoudi Ali Mehrabi Fatemeh Jalilvand Hatam Ebrahimi -
Open Access Article
103 - Assessment of Sodium Benzoate and Potassium Sorbate Preservatives and Artificial Color in Bulk Tomato Paste Samples in Qazvin, Iran
Peyman Ghajarbeygi Azam Rahimi Niaraki Ali Soltani Abkenar Razzagh Mahmoudi Fatemeh Jalilevand Ali Sadeghi Niaraki Ahad Alizadeh -
Open Access Article
104 - Genetic diversity of different ecotypes of ( E. amoneum and B. officinalis ) borage flower species based on essence composition and grain oil rate
سيما اوجانيTo determine genetic diversity, oil essence, physical and chemical properties, total grain oil content and fatty acid composition, an experiment was carried out in agricultural research center of W. Azarbaijan province. Plant materials included three ecotypes of Iranian MoreTo determine genetic diversity, oil essence, physical and chemical properties, total grain oil content and fatty acid composition, an experiment was carried out in agricultural research center of W. Azarbaijan province. Plant materials included three ecotypes of Iranian borage flower ( E. amoneum ) from Gazvin, Sari and Gilan and European borage flower ( B. officinalis ) collected from Karaj and Ardabil. The results of analyses of variance and mean comparison showed that there was high genetic diversity among ecotypes for all of traits. The oil essence was extracted by water-distillation from flower organs of each ecotype. Analysis of oil essence with pentane 0.05% mass-gas chromatography showed that E. amoneum had the highest caryophyllene- α and calacorene-α ( 6.3% and 6.5% in Gilan ecotype,) respectively than B. officinalis. The highest levels of n-Decane and Dodecane were found in 7.3% and 7.7% of B. officinalis from Karaj ecotype and Amorphene-α with 6.6% from Ardabil ecotype. Grain oil was extracted by Soxhlet and its compounds were identified by gas chromatography. Fourteen fatty acid was detected in composition. The steeridonic fatty acid (o.o1% ) and linoleic fatty acid ( 32% ) had the lowest and the highest values in both ecotypes of Karaj and Ardabil, respectively. Keywords: Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Changes in essential oil content/composition and morpho-physiological traits of Damask rose affected by nano-potassium and nano-iron chelated
milad heydari Hassan Nourafcan Naser NazariTo study the effect of nano-chelated iron and potassium foliar spraying on quality and quantity of damask rose essential oil and morpho-physiological characteristics, an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design in 2018 at Medicinal Plant Resear MoreTo study the effect of nano-chelated iron and potassium foliar spraying on quality and quantity of damask rose essential oil and morpho-physiological characteristics, an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design in 2018 at Medicinal Plant Research Farm of Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh Branch. One year after the complete establishment of damask rose and during the blooming stage, plants were sprayed three times at intervals of 10 days by 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/L nano chelated iron and potassium. The traits evaluated in this experiment were leaf fresh and dry weights, flower fresh weight, leaf length and width, chlorophyll content, flower and receptacle diameter, petal number, plant height, essential oil quantity and quality. Application of nano-chelated iron increased the leaf fresh and dry weights. The highest and the lowest percentages of essential oil were observed in nano-chelated potassium at 1 g/L (0.2%) and nano-chelated potassium at 1.5 g/L (0.06%), respectively. 18 combinations were identified in essential oil of damask rose and the highest components were determined in citronellol, geraniol, tricosane, nonadecane and henicosane. The citronellol (27.3%) and geraniol (14.17%) was obtained from nano-chelated potassium at 1 gr/L and highest nonadecane (3.12%) and tricosane (21.17%) was obtained from nano-chelated iron at 1.5 g/L. The highest amount of henicosane (21.53%) was obtained in control treatment. Therefore, nano-chelated potassium at 1 g/L. can be used to give the highest essential oil yield and extraction of citronelol and geraniol, which are one of the most important economic compounds in damask rose. Manuscript profile
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