Extraction and identification of phenolic compounds from papaver petals (Papaver rhoeas L.) and determination of their antioxidant and antibacterial activity

Subject Areas : Determination of Species

Fatemeh Gharahdaghigharahtappeh ¹ , Seyed Ebrahim Hosseini ² , Gholamhassan Asadi ³ , Zhaleh Khoshkhoo ⁴

1 - Department of food science and technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 - Department of food science and technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
3 - Department of food science and technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
4 - Department of food science and technology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Received: 2025-02-05 Accepted : 2025-03-10 Published : 2025-01-20

Keywords: Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Ultrasound, Chromatography.,

Abstract :

This study aimed to extract and identify phenolic compounds from papaver petals (Papaver rhoeas L.) to evaluate their antioxidant activity, inhibitory, and bactericidal properties. Extraction, identification of bioactive compounds, quantification of active extract components, antioxidant activity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and inhibition zone were carried out using solvent extraction with ultrasound assistance, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), DPPH assay, MIC, MBC, and disk diffusion method, respectively. The GC-MS results led to the identification of 18 compounds from the ethanolic extract of papaver petals. Among these, hexadecanoic acid and 9, 12-octadecanoic acid were significantly more abundant than other compounds in the petals. Additionally, other important identified compounds included morphine and derivatives of mefenamic acid. Furthermore, the DPPH assay results indicated that the ethanolic extract of papaver petals has free radical scavenging ability and antioxidant activity. The inhibition zone, MIC, and MBC tests against E. coli and S. aureus showed that the ethanolic extract of papaver petals was more effective against S. aureus. Based on the above findings, it can be concluded that papaver petals possess antioxidant properties and exhibit antimicrobial characteristics.

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