Comparison of Immunochromatography Kit with PCR in the Diagnosis of Distemper Disease in Dogs
Subject Areas : Smal Animal Medicine
morteza Razaghi Manesh
1
,
Reza Naghi ha Najafabadi
2
,
Yasaman Norzadeh
3
,
Ayda Sharifiyan
4
,
Zahra Sadeghian
5
1 -
2 -
3 - Graduate of Doctor of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Shushtar Branch, Iran
4 -
5 - دانشجو ی دکتری حرفه ای دامپزشکی ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، واحد شوشتر ، ایران
Keywords: Canine distemper, dog, immunochromatography, PCR, diagnostic accuracy,
Abstract :
Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a highly contagious viral disease affecting multiple organ systems, primarily transmitted through the respiratory tract.
To compare the diagnostic accuracy of immunochromatographic (rapid) kits with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detecting CDV in dogs, based on cases referred to small animal clinics in Karaj County, Iran.
Dogs exhibiting clinical signs such as nasal/ocular discharge, gastrointestinal symptoms, or neurological manifestations were initially identified. Diagnostic ELISA kits were administered, followed by sterile swab collection of mucosal secretions .
into phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solution for molecular analysis, irrespective of ELISA results. Specimens were evaluated using rapid tests and PCR, with subsequent statistical analysis of the data.
The study revealed significant diagnostic variation between methods (rapid test: 34.3% positive; PCR: 42.9% positive) and gender-based differences in detection rates (rapid test: males 71.25%, females 89.7%; PCR: males 20%, females 85.22%). Native dogs exhibited higher infection rates (rapid test: 57.14%; PCR: 31.42%) compared to pedigree dogs (rapid test: 42.86%; PCR: 11.43%). Concurrent diarrhea and vomiting were observed in 57.14% of infected dogs, with PCR positivity in 57.8% of these cases.
The substantial prevalence of CDV underscores the critical need for routine vaccination and stringent hygiene protocols to mitigate transmission
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