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Open Access Article
1 - Political System, Organization and Governmental Institutes of the Tūlūnīds
هادی عالم زاده معصومعلی پنجهTūlūnīds were among the small states which were founded during theweakening and disintegration of the Abassids caliphate. Since anefficient bureaucracy is and essential part of every government,Tūlūnīd rulers especially Ahmad and Khomaroyeh, along preservingTūlūnīds were among the small states which were founded during theweakening and disintegration of the Abassids caliphate. Since anefficient bureaucracy is and essential part of every government,Tūlūnīd rulers especially Ahmad and Khomaroyeh, along preserving Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The organization of Muslims' Navy in Mediterranean sea until the end of six century
زینب علی زاده جورکویه مهدی جلیلیNear the end of the second century, when Muslims captured southern and eastern Mediterranean seashores, they intend to use the navy for more conquests and battle with byzantine naval force. Since the second predecessors of the prophet had no interest in marine affairs, MoreNear the end of the second century, when Muslims captured southern and eastern Mediterranean seashores, they intend to use the navy for more conquests and battle with byzantine naval force. Since the second predecessors of the prophet had no interest in marine affairs, such affairs have appeared in the period of the next predecessor, Umar's era. In Ummar's era, the marine affairs have developed. Usman intended to bring about the marine affairs foundations for supporting seashores, ports military navy, shipbuilding factories and their related organizations. Then Aghlabids, Fatimids, Zirids, Umayyads of Spain and finally Ayyubids,Murabitun ( Almoravids ) and Muwahhidun developed the naval force and used it to attack to C and the other island of Mediterranean sea. In some cases, they were also used in battles among Islamic governments. Among Islamic governments in Mediterranean sea, Aghlabids and Fatimids and later the Umayyads of Spain, and the monotheists have regarded a systematic organization in naval force more than others. Here is pondered on Muslims' manner for electing of the commanders and employees, status of rights, learning naval wars, shipbuilding factories, the bureaucracy and protocols of naval force until the end of 6 Hidjri century. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Reflection of History in Mahmūd Kāshgharī’s Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk
سید مهدی جوادیKāshgharī’s Dīwān focuses mostly on Turkish language and literature. Theauthor himself had a hand in governmental organization. The longintroduction of the work includes history of the Turks; Turkish accents;noticeable information regarding political, literal, soc MoreKāshgharī’s Dīwān focuses mostly on Turkish language and literature. Theauthor himself had a hand in governmental organization. The longintroduction of the work includes history of the Turks; Turkish accents;noticeable information regarding political, literal, social, cultural history;historical geography and administrative terminology in 4th and 5th centuriesA.H. The writing posses some rare information, particularly regarding theTurks; the common ceremonies of the Islamic world’s residents; a coloured Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Sagbān Developments in the Ottoman Administration
حسن حضرتی طاهره باباییSagbān or Sekban as one of the court jobs were allocated a special placein the hunting sector in Iranian states and Ottoman. This term in the Ottomanadministration -as compared with the administration of other states - is moreprominent and There was many changes in this MoreSagbān or Sekban as one of the court jobs were allocated a special placein the hunting sector in Iranian states and Ottoman. This term in the Ottomanadministration -as compared with the administration of other states - is moreprominent and There was many changes in this term. According to the needsand conditions of the Ottoman administration, the sagbāns in addition to thecourt fuctions, has used as military force and also their court duties Wasforgotten over time. With the continuing militarization of Segbans, this termbe synonymous with Warrior or Soldier and was used exclusively in militaryaffairs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The Reforms by Kamal-Al Din Muhammad Khazin Saldjukid Minister in Irak
amir abdollahi esmaeeil hasanzadehThe bureaucratic system of Saldjukid era, with its functionality and legality, had a high position and importance. The situation was mainly achieved through capability and capacity of political elite who occupied the posts. In fact, they played an important role i MoreThe bureaucratic system of Saldjukid era, with its functionality and legality, had a high position and importance. The situation was mainly achieved through capability and capacity of political elite who occupied the posts. In fact, they played an important role in strengthening and sometimes weakening it. Kamal al-din Muhammad Khazin was one of those elites who occupied a ministry position, because of his characteristics, abilities, individual skills, ideas and tendency to reform and successful experience in the bureaucratic system. He tried to resolve a part of political, economic and social crisis in Sultan Mas’ud reign (529-547 AH) by undertaking the reforms. Even though he made reforming efforts rapidly to tackle financial, social, and political challenges, Kamal al-din had to encounter his rival political elites. They considered his reforming efforts to be in disagreement with their own personal benefits and interests, and finally killed him Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The Factors Affecting Divergence of Anatolian Sufi Turkomans from the Ottomans
Mahdi Jamalifar Mahdi Ebadigreat convergence of the Ottomans due to their presence and role in the Ottoman Empire's establishment and evolution and its rise as a powerful state, notwithstanding the divergent nature of their life. Therefore, the nomadic and semi-nomadic Turkomans of Anatolia, foll Moregreat convergence of the Ottomans due to their presence and role in the Ottoman Empire's establishment and evolution and its rise as a powerful state, notwithstanding the divergent nature of their life. Therefore, the nomadic and semi-nomadic Turkomans of Anatolia, followers of popular Sufism led by the Sufi dervishes, had agreeable relations with the first Ottoman sultans. Gradually, historical developments changed this trend. The Ottomans conquered Constantinople in the second half of the ninth century AH and moved their capital to it. Following this conquest, the Ottoman bureaucracy underwent a new stage of evolution and development. Moreover, the Ottomans' policies towards the Turkomans, the Ottoman state's former founders, changed radically. This was while a large population of Turkomans emphasized the nomadic ways and traditions of life. According to this study, Ottoman bureaucracy's development in the post-conquest period of Istanbul, headed by the three institutions of Timar, Devshirme, and School, presented a crucial role in isolating the Turkomans. Besides, Ottoman centralism policy in the face of the nomadic and semi-nomadic Turkomans and the humiliation of these groups by the Ottoman society's elites reinforced the Sufi Turkmens' divergence from the Ottomans and caused their convergence of the Safavids Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The Impact of New Public Management on Rasht Municipality Staffs' Organizational Trust
Behrooz Rezaee Manesh Bahram Asghari Aghdam - Ali Mahjoub Mina MohammadiThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of New Public Management (NPM) on Staffs Organizational Trust. Considering the extensive evolution in public administration field based on New Public Management Approach, and due to the lack of researches investigating MoreThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of New Public Management (NPM) on Staffs Organizational Trust. Considering the extensive evolution in public administration field based on New Public Management Approach, and due to the lack of researches investigating the influence of NPM on Organizational Trust, in this research, we’ve tried to fill that gap. In this study, the Statistical population was 280 Municipality of Rasht staffs, of which; 165 people were selected by using the Cochran's formula and the staffs were chosen by Simple Random Sampling method. For data analyzing, linear regressions coefficient and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used. The results show that implementing the New Public Management principals in public sector (with coefficient 0/833), effects the Organizational Trust. It is also concluded from the results of Sub-hypothesis, that downsizing and privatization have not any meaningful relation with organizational Trust, but debureaucratization, decentralization and managerialism, have a positive effect on Organizational Trust. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Assessment of Invalidated Ratifications of Urban Development and Architecture Higher Council of Iran By Administrative Justice Court "from the Beginning so far"
Faride Kulabadi Azam AfsharniaAdministrative Justice Court due to address complaints and objections of the people pleading with state agents or unitsor regulations officially started its work in 1981. Also urban development higher council of Iran established as the highestlegislative authority of ci MoreAdministrative Justice Court due to address complaints and objections of the people pleading with state agents or unitsor regulations officially started its work in 1981. Also urban development higher council of Iran established as the highestlegislative authority of city in the year 1964 with the aim of coordinating programs with urban development duties suchas consideration of approval and regulation city planning. From the beginning of establishment of The AdministrativeJustice Court so far, 60 demands of cancellation of legislation registered and 24 votes has been accepted (40 percent)and led to invalidate ratification. Assessment cancellation legislation and its effects on development of projects and lackof construction like the realization of the public -services-facilities infrastructure, and communication network can be animportant guide to provide essentials of codification of projects and policies.A method that used in this research is practical. The research method is descriptive-analytic. In this article evaluate thereasons for the annulment of decisions of urban development and architecture higher council of Iran and discussed thematter of revocation of approvals approach was evaluated and then proposed solution is presented. In the following, theways to reduce revocation of approvals due to non-compliance legal issues, with the consideration of proprietary rightsof the people were suggested. The study of non-compliance with legislation revocation confusion on the proprietaryrights of individuals and the rights of the people over the years has been gained and revocation of approvals has ledto the attainment of the owners complained.The absence of representatives of economic sectors (Ministry of Economy and Finance) and services (ministries ofeducation, health), and registration of ownership and legal documents, cause some problems. The lack of stable income,in charge of public services (such as lack of funding and credit for land administration, education, health)caused landacquisition and implementation services in the legal deadline and created many problems for the owners and custodians.In this discussion contradicts spectrum of dimensions and influential activities in the arena and city assessment andchallenges caused by the optimistic development plans and construction and solution of the proposal has beenpresented. The results show that the realization of the highest percentage cancellation legislation related to the votesof the commission Article five about license, the separation of classes and increase the effectiveness and change.Reasons for revocation of approvals of urban development and architecture higher council of Iran are:Lack of a central process in the spirit prevailing attitude in planning and urban development plans.Lower incidence rates of maintenance plans and urban development plans approved by the lack of useful informationand at the micro and macro scales.Lack of proper analysis over time due to deficiencies in project management and lack of integrated programs in urbanmanagement system.And finally weakness in determining the amount of the contribution and participation of socioeconomic (sustainablerevenues) in each part of the management of urban spaces that adapt to the real needs of people in urban development.... Keywords: The Ratification of Urban Development and Hrchitecture Higher Council of Iran, Administrative Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - «نقش قرارموقت دیوان بینالمللی دادگستری در اختلافات زیستمحیطی بین دولتها»
سید عباس پورهاشمی مجید حقانی -
Open Access Article
10 - مفهوم، جایگاه و کارکرد اصل مراقبت مقتضی در حقوق بینالملل کیفری (با تمرکز بر تعهد دولتها به همکاری با دیوان کیفری بینالمللی)
زینب پورخاقان رزا یعقوب پور حمیدرضا حیدرپور -
Open Access Article
11 - چالشهای قانونی نظارت دیوان محاسبات کشور در مقابله با فساد مالی و جرائم ناشی ازآن در دستگاههای اجرایی
مهری حقیقی سعیدرضا ابدی اصغر عربیان محمد جلالی -
Open Access Article
12 - نقش دیوان عدالت اداری در تحقق و تضمین حقوق شهروندی
رسول یزدانی منوچهر توسلی -
Open Access Article
13 - A Succinct Review of Judicial Settlement of the International Disputes
Hossein Sorayaii AzarThe path of the development of the International Law, during the last centuries, seen from the actual modern era of the legal theories point of view, is associated with the peaceful settlement of disputes between independent States . The "raison d'etre" of the first an MoreThe path of the development of the International Law, during the last centuries, seen from the actual modern era of the legal theories point of view, is associated with the peaceful settlement of disputes between independent States . The "raison d'etre" of the first and second Hague Conferences (1899 and 1907) was the dispute settlement discussions, and the Permanent Court of Arbitration is the fruit of these conferences . The Permanent Court of International Justice (1920)was the cornerstone of the judicial development of the International Law in the League of Nations system.Whilest the International Court of Justice(1945) was heraldic of modern era of legal theories in International Law ,in which the different mechanism of judicial settlement of disputes have been developed . Actually the judicial settlement of disputes between States is considered as the hub of world legal order and inter- States relations of different nature (e.g. commercial ,regional, environmental etc.) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Consular Protection Of The Victims Of The Offences Who Fall Under The Jurisdiction Of The International Criminal Court
A. SaybaniCurrent regulations are based through internationally accepted norms and political relations between countries. Current affairs in the tumultuous world of today requires cooperation between governments. Citizens of each country determine the aspects of these relationshi MoreCurrent regulations are based through internationally accepted norms and political relations between countries. Current affairs in the tumultuous world of today requires cooperation between governments. Citizens of each country determine the aspects of these relationships. By the rule of law governments have to protect their citizens’ right in other countries; in case a citizen face judiciary hardship in other countries, his/her government will support him/her, as long as this support does not interfere with the laws of the country, where the citizen has his/her residence. Even citizens who either travel to other countries or live in foreign countries may become victims, due to the violation of their human rights by the guest countries. Such crimes may also fall under the jurisdiction of the international criminal court. The victims deserve the support of their governments, which is usually of consular nature. The aspects of the support is determined either by the law of victims’ country or by the 1963 Vienna Convention. The government of the victim's country decides how to implement the support. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Doing Justice to the Political.The International Criminal Court in Uganda and Sudan: A Reply to Sarah Nouwen and Wouter Werner
Seyed-abbas Poorhashemi Mahmood GolestaniThis article is a reaction to Sarah Nouwen and Wouter Werner, ‘Doing Justice to thePolitical. The International Criminal Court in Uganda and Sudan’, 21 EJIL (2010)941.It takes issue with attempts to understand international law and particularly theworkings o MoreThis article is a reaction to Sarah Nouwen and Wouter Werner, ‘Doing Justice to thePolitical. The International Criminal Court in Uganda and Sudan’, 21 EJIL (2010)941.It takes issue with attempts to understand international law and particularly theworkings of the International Criminal Court in terms of Carl Schmitt’s thesis on thepolitical as distinguishing between friend and enemy. My contention is that partiesto a violent/political conflict may try to mobilize the law in their struggle, but thatthe structure of the law itself escapes the logic of the political: law cannotbe‘political’ in the Schmittian sense. The unexpected upshot of this is that Schmitt’snotion of the political may operate as a normative criterion for testing whether legalofficials are still respecting the constraints of their practice. If legal authorities areindeed in the business of defining the enemy of mankind, then they are not doingthis through or with the help of the law. They may simply act against the law. Tosubstantiate this point, the article thinks through the difference betweenconventional and absolute/real enemies and contrasts these notions with thecharacteristics of (international criminal) law. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - پیشینه و ماهیت حقوقی دیوان داوری دعاوی ایران و ایالات متحده آمریکا
ابوذر ابراهیمی ترکمان -
Open Access Article
17 - ICSID Tribunal’s jurisdictional Decision Analysis in Tokios Tokeles v. Ukraine Case Number ARB/02/18 on 29 April 2004
Yousef Khoram FarhadiIn this article, a sample of ICSID arbitration tribunal’s jurisdictional decisionregarding to conditions and foundations of jurisdiction and admissibility of claimshave been studied. regulatury powers of the contracting parties of the bilateralinvestment treaty in MoreIn this article, a sample of ICSID arbitration tribunal’s jurisdictional decisionregarding to conditions and foundations of jurisdiction and admissibility of claimshave been studied. regulatury powers of the contracting parties of the bilateralinvestment treaty in determining legal personality of investor is taken intoconsideration in the light of ICSID convention’s purposes.Studying the terms of this decision and its analysis in this article is considered as asuitable guidance for Iranian authorities in order to join into ICSID Convention andto conclude some bilateral treaties in supporting foreign investment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - حقوق بنیادین زندانی در پرتو اسناد فراملی اروپایی
محمد بقایی محمود مالمیر مسعود حیدری -
Open Access Article
19 - Explaining and Analyzing Effective Cultural Factors
Meysam shamsyan lila niroomand norooz hashemzehi somaye tajeekConflict in communication usually derives from human thoughts, feeling attitudes, perceptions, and values and It reflects some main traits of the human personality Therefore, some of cultural values and tendency of people or their perception from various situations can MoreConflict in communication usually derives from human thoughts, feeling attitudes, perceptions, and values and It reflects some main traits of the human personality Therefore, some of cultural values and tendency of people or their perception from various situations can cause to conflicts. This article aims to analyze the cultural factors affecting the interpersonal communication of the staff of the Administrative Justice Court. This is an applied research and according to the objectives a survey method has been used. The statistical population consistedof athousand ofstaff member of the administrative justice court of Tehran province.by using the Morgan table 172 samples were selected and analyzed by systematic sampling method. The reliability of data collection tools is confirmed by the crony bronco’s alpha and its validity by using the professors and expert’s comments. The consequences reveal that the amount of interpersonal conflict is in moderate. also the Pearson coefficient shows that between the various cultural factors among variables, there is a significant correlation between the rate of use of internal media, external media and cultural values with the conflict of interpersonal communication among employees. albeit, there was no significant correlation between the amount of social network usage and the rate of interpersonal communication conflicts among employees. The results of multivariate regression model demonstrated that only the use of internal media with beta coefficient (-0.27) and the use of external media with beta coefficient (17.0) had a direct effect on the Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - The Role and Position of the Administrative JusticeTribunal in Reasoning, Documenting and Justifying the Judgments of the Quasi-Judicial Authorities
parviz hajipour Ali Faqih Habibi Tavkl habibzadeh Today, in addition to the judiciary and courts of justice, there are authorities under the headings ofcouncil, board, commission, etc., which according to special laws deal with some complaints and disputes andlawsuits, one side of which means the government, and More Today, in addition to the judiciary and courts of justice, there are authorities under the headings ofcouncil, board, commission, etc., which according to special laws deal with some complaints and disputes andlawsuits, one side of which means the government, and like courts of justice in nature Issue a verdict and ajudicial opinion. These authorities, which are often supervised by the executive branch and are created with theclaim that the issues are specialized, complex and technical, with the aim of accuracy, speed and accuracy of thefinal decision, both in accordance with some constitutional principles and ordinary laws and regulations. Theruling intellect, logic and custom are obliged to issue their final opinions and opinions in a reasoned, justifiedand documented manner to the laws, principles and legal rules. Otherwise, the Court of Administrative Justice,as the reviewing authority of such opinions, will not give them legal validity and legal existence in order toensure the rule of law and the realization of rights or annulment. In the present article, with regard to examplesof opinions issued by quasi-judicial authorities and the Court of Administrative Justice, the above issue isexamined and analyzed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Explaining and Analyzing Cultural factors Affecting the Conflict of Interpersonal Relationships (Case study: Staff of the Court of Administrative Justice of Tehran Province)
Meysam Shamsian Leila Niroumand Somayyeh Tajik Esmaeili Norouz HashemzehiThe main source of cooperation, partnership, healthy relationships and non-cooperation and organizational conflict is the human conflict today. Unusual conflict within the organization. Organizations must address the disruptive and disruptive factors in order to maximiz MoreThe main source of cooperation, partnership, healthy relationships and non-cooperation and organizational conflict is the human conflict today. Unusual conflict within the organization. Organizations must address the disruptive and disruptive factors in order to maximize the physical, mental, and intellectual potential of their employees .some of cultural values and tendency of people or their perception from various situations can cause to conflicts. This article aims to analyze the cultural factors affecting the interpersonal communication of the staff of the Administrative Justice Court. This is an applied research and according to the objectives a survey method has been used. The statistical population consisted of a thousand of staff member of the administrative justice court of Tehran province.by using the Morgan table 172 samples were selected and analyzed by systematic sampling method. The reliability of data collection tools is confirmed by the crony bronco’s alpha and its validity by using the professors and expert’s comments. The consequences reveal that the amount of interpersonal conflict is in moderate. Also the Pearson coefficient shows that between the various cultural factors among variables, there is a significant correlation between the rate of use of internal media, external media and cultural values with the conflict of interpersonal communication among employees. Albeit, there was no significant correlation between the amount of social network usage and the rate of interpersonal communication conflicts among employees. The results of multivariate regression model demonstrated that only the use of internal media with beta coefficient (-0.27) and the use of external media with beta coefficient (17.0) had a direct effect on the conflict of interpersonal communication. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Study on the importance of the position of the environment and the Principle of Equity in determining the boundaries of land borders (Emphasis on the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice)
mirhasan riazi Ali Faghih.habibi Ali Mashhadi Mansour PournouriInvestigating the importance of the position of the environment and the principle of equity in determining the boundaries of land borders (Emphasis on the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice) The International Court of Justice, as the judicial body of t MoreInvestigating the importance of the position of the environment and the principle of equity in determining the boundaries of land borders (Emphasis on the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice) The International Court of Justice, as the judicial body of the United Nations, has an irreplaceable role in determining the boundaries of land borders between countries. The Court does this with the tools at hand, that is, with respect for the stability of border and territorial treaties, the principle of legal possession and effective domination, and in this regard, its auxiliary tools are principles such as fairness and so on. It must be said; if in the past, the factor of force and power determined the boundaries, but today, the agreement determines the boundaries. Principles such as fairness, etc., all reflect the factor of agreement to determine the boundaries of land borders. In some cases; Some justifications have been raised by the parties to territorial and border disputes before the International Court of Justice, but the Court has not substantiated these justifications, and although in some cases, such as the environment, it has turned its attention to these documents, He has never considered them as a factor in determining the boundaries of land, and the issue of the environment is one of the unacceptable justifications for the acquisition of land ownership by the International Court of Justice. In this descriptive-analytical study, an attempt has been made to examine the importance of the status of the environment and the principle of fairness in determining the boundaries of land borders (with emphasis on the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Development of international environmental law in the light of International judicial judgements and precedents
Sahar Zarei Seyed-Abbas Poorhashemi Mansour PournouriThe International Court of Justice and other international judicial and arbitral bodies play an important role through the issuance of international judicial judgements and precedents in the development of public international law, including international environmental MoreThe International Court of Justice and other international judicial and arbitral bodies play an important role through the issuance of international judicial judgements and precedents in the development of public international law, including international environmental law. These judgements and precedents, as well as some other cases of the International Court of Justice, will help to include new legal principles and rules of international law which can develop the environmental protection. However, alongside the legal capacity, there are obstacles and limitations which cause the positive development of international environmental law move slowly. Advisory opinions and Judgements issued by international courts show that State sovereignty has always been an obstacle to the development of international environmental law. Moreover, the traditional approach of International court of justice, based on the preference of the State sovereignty, is a significant challenge for developing the international environmental law. In fact, moving from absolute sovereignty to the rule based on rational and reasonable use of land could be a good opportunity for development of this legal field. For the first time, the concept of environmental protection was introduced in many cases such as the Trail Smelter case as an earlier environmental dispute and in this way environmental protection was developed in other environmental legal cases too. This research, attempts to analyze the international judicial judgements and precedents of the International Court of Justice to find the impact of these judgements and precedents in the development of international environmental law. It also provides guidelines for applicable solutions by identifying legal gaps and existing inefficiencies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The Methods of Environmental Disputes Settlement Arising from International Treatise
Mehri Fazlali Serkani Sobhan Tayebi -
Open Access Article
25 - Investigating the semantic meaning of pseudonyms in Mohammad Khorramshahi's satirical works based on Khorram Divan and Tawfiq Magazine
Ali Akbar Ghandahari Kobra Nodehi Tavagh Goldi GolshahiMohammad Khorramshahi is one of the contemporary poets and writers and one of the satirists in the field of humor who during his ninety years of activity, has written more than ninety pseudonyms in this field, to the point that he has become one of the record holders of MoreMohammad Khorramshahi is one of the contemporary poets and writers and one of the satirists in the field of humor who during his ninety years of activity, has written more than ninety pseudonyms in this field, to the point that he has become one of the record holders of pseudonym in the Iranian press; But by all this activity, it has been overlooked by researchers. Since the task of humor, while informing the officials about the problems and failures, it should also recount the treatment as much as possible and remove the obstacles and problems diligently. In this article, in addition to introducing this character, the author has tried to examine the relationship and content of pseudonyms with the content of his poems and humorous content. The results show that there is a relatively significant relationship between Khorramshahi's poems and humorous content with selected pseudonyms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - A Comparative Study on "Humorous Diwan" by Abolghasem Halat and "Red Nomad" by Mohammad Maghut
Fatemeh Gooshe Neshin Parvin Tajbakhsh Zeinab Sherafati GourabiLiterature has always been one of the most important tools of criticism in societies and writers have enjoyed it indirectly and symbolically. One of the methods that writers use to express social problems and empathize with people is humor. Black humor is a laugh mixed MoreLiterature has always been one of the most important tools of criticism in societies and writers have enjoyed it indirectly and symbolically. One of the methods that writers use to express social problems and empathize with people is humor. Black humor is a laugh mixed with pain that comes from the rebellious person’s heart to confront common and incorrect political and social beliefs and behaviors. Abolghasem Halat and Mohammad Maghut’s poetries are full of this kind of humor, which they have applied to express problems such as poverty, foreign interference and so on. But Maghut has enjoyed black humor in a broader sense and has also addressed subjects such as war, imprisonment and problems in the Arab world. These two poets have also applied techniques such as contradiction, contempt and humiliation. But at the same time, they have not used words and phrases that are contrary to morality and culture. The different individual and social conditions of these two poets have caused the mild tone in their words but the sting of the Maghut’s words is more noticeable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Effective Factors on Readability in Hafez Poetry and Its Correspondence with Readable Housing Characteristics
Mahshid Karimi Abuzar SalehiAmong the various buildings, house is a place that is most closely associated with human evolving life. However, this dynamic interaction between the resident and the housing has been reduced to the subject-object relationship in the present age under the influence of s MoreAmong the various buildings, house is a place that is most closely associated with human evolving life. However, this dynamic interaction between the resident and the housing has been reduced to the subject-object relationship in the present age under the influence of scientific and positive approaches. This relationship places the resident as a mere subject in front of his house (not next to it and with it), and the house as a finished product does not accept the human evolving life.This study considers the root of the solution to this problem in the formation of readable housing that accepts different readings of residents. The idea of this house is taken from Hafez's divan, which is concordant with every heart, and the renewal of human knowledge during the period, as well as the emergence of new recipients, causes new readings of it. In this regard, first, it is tried to be explained the effective factors on the readability of Hafez's poetry and then the manifestation of these factors in the field of architecture and especially housing to be discovered and then the effective factors on the readability of housing to be explained by comparative-analytical method. Explaining that, these factors are explained in three general categories of "multiple meanings", "eternal meanings" and "structural and content links". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - “Death” from the perspective of Abu-at-Tayyeb Al-Mutanabbi and Hakīm Abu’l-Qāsim Ferdowsī
Seyyed mahmood Anvar Mohammad FatehiThis paper is a query about the death from the view of two celebrated Arabic and Persian belletrists Abu-at-Tayyeb Al-Mutanabbi and Hakīm Abu’l-Qāsim Ferdowsī. Each of these wise scholars has drawn an image of death up to the age’s requirement MoreThis paper is a query about the death from the view of two celebrated Arabic and Persian belletrists Abu-at-Tayyeb Al-Mutanabbi and Hakīm Abu’l-Qāsim Ferdowsī. Each of these wise scholars has drawn an image of death up to the age’s requirements and circumstances. Analyzing these two prominent and famous poets’ beliefs, we find many examples of common thoughts and convergence concerning death. In some places, however, their attitudes are unlike and heterogeneous. And this heterogeneity goes back to the social inequality based on environmental views and demands. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - A Comparative Study of Didacticism in Hafez’s and Imam Ali’s Poetry
Moslem RajabiHafez is the greatest lyricist of the eighth century. He enjoys an excellent position in mysticism and poetry. Hafiz’s excellent ideas and poetic gifts distinguished him markedly from other poets. The human heart knows the language of his poems. Ethical issues and MoreHafez is the greatest lyricist of the eighth century. He enjoys an excellent position in mysticism and poetry. Hafiz’s excellent ideas and poetic gifts distinguished him markedly from other poets. The human heart knows the language of his poems. Ethical issues and educational considerations in his poetry absorb everyone's attention and stimulate the audience’s emotions. We know that Hafez had a good command of earlier poetry and these concepts have been integrated in his poetry. It is possible that Hafiz has been aware of the poetry of Imam Ali, because the didactic aspect of his poetry is similar to that of Imam Ali’s poetry which focuses on Morality and education. It is possible that Hafiz has been influenced by poetry of Imam Ali. This paper aims to reconcile the poetry of Hafez with the poetry of Imam Ali from the perspective of didactic literature in order to discover the similarity of ethics and education between them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE MANIFESTATIONS OF NARRATIONS IN DĪVĀN-E ŠHAMS-E TABRĪZĪ (THE WORKS OF SHAMS OF TABRIZ)
Jalil Tajlil Maalek ShoaeiReferring to narrations and assertions has been the most influential faith after Quran in the history of Islam. Scholars and narrators have tried to maintain and reserve narrations and assertions. Arab and Persian poets have enjoyed using these narrations in t MoreReferring to narrations and assertions has been the most influential faith after Quran in the history of Islam. Scholars and narrators have tried to maintain and reserve narrations and assertions. Arab and Persian poets have enjoyed using these narrations in their poetry to increase the eloquence of their works. This has resulted in mutual ties between poetry and Islamic learnings and enrichment of Persian language, literature and culture. Using narrations and assertions not only adds to the eloquence but it also increases the beauty of content and form. Many poets have used them in their works and among them Molawi is a prominent one. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - A Glance to West-East Diwan and Influence of Sa'di's Words on Goethe
Seyyed Sa'eed Firooz AbadiIt is obvious that Goethe, the celebrated German poet, has been inspired by Hafiz, and so for numerous articles have been published in this regard. Here the significant point to deal with is the influence of other great Persian poets on Goethe. Adam Olearius, an envoy o MoreIt is obvious that Goethe, the celebrated German poet, has been inspired by Hafiz, and so for numerous articles have been published in this regard. Here the significant point to deal with is the influence of other great Persian poets on Goethe. Adam Olearius, an envoy of Schleswig-Holstein's court to Safavid court in Estefan, translated Golistan of Sa'di more than a century before Hammer Purgstall's translation of Diwan of Hafiz. Olearius' translation influenced not only Goethe but also many other German poets and authors. Such impressions have sometime, like Hafiz's lyric poems, influenced the poetic imagery of Goethe, and sometime a German poet uses Sa'di's writings exactly. The aim of the present article is to remind some of the characteristics used in Goethe's works as well as significance of German translation of Sa'di's Golistan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Comparative Study on Ersal Masal and Amsal Saereh by Saeb Tabrizi and Motenabbi
Shahla Haj Talebi Seyyed Mohammad AmiriMotenabbi and Saeb are two famous poet and philosopher and their divans are full of ethical and philosophical concepts. These concepts are continuously in interaction with between Arabic and Persian poets by citing the relationship between two languages. Since the frequ MoreMotenabbi and Saeb are two famous poet and philosopher and their divans are full of ethical and philosophical concepts. These concepts are continuously in interaction with between Arabic and Persian poets by citing the relationship between two languages. Since the frequency of simile's application in both works can be seen a lot, the present paper tries to study their divans comparatively and comes to the conclusion that Saeb were more successful in applying the similes than Motenabbi and this is because of his creativity in applying unique and beautiful similes and metaphors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Hafiz in Western Literature; A case study of the effect of Hafez's poems on Goethe
Nahid Jafari Dehkordi Maryam Shahriyar Sara FarajiEnglish, German, Russian and French were the most important languages to which Hafez's poems were translated to. Many translators have translated directly from the Persian original (literary translation) and some have used intermediate languages. Althou MoreEnglish, German, Russian and French were the most important languages to which Hafez's poems were translated to. Many translators have translated directly from the Persian original (literary translation) and some have used intermediate languages. Although acceptable translations of the sonnets gradually emerged, none of them were able to express the literary subtleties contained in them. In German, the translation of Hammer Purgstall became the basis for many literatures acquainted with the poems of this Eastern poet. Goethe – the German poet and literary man – made a strange acquaintance with them by reading the poets translations and composed a collection of heartwarming poems called "The Eastern Court of the West" and became a supplement to Hafez's Divan in the West under the influence of these lyric poetries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - A study of the dignity of Imam Ali (AS) in the poems of Movlana Jalaluddin Balkhi
Aria Gholam Ali Vahideh DadashzadehDignities and miracles have been among the topics discussed in the works of Persian writers and poets. Ever since Sanai entered practically mysticism into poetry and the ground was provided for the emergence of great mystics and poets, poetry has become a manifestation MoreDignities and miracles have been among the topics discussed in the works of Persian writers and poets. Ever since Sanai entered practically mysticism into poetry and the ground was provided for the emergence of great mystics and poets, poetry has become a manifestation of the qualities and virtues of great religious and national personalities. In the meantime, the position of Imam Ali (as) as a religious figure is undeniable. The mystical works of Imam Ali (AS) in the works of mystics and poets became the source of poetic inspiration and writing of this group of society. Movlana as one of the prominent mystics and poets has played a role in the expansion of Islamic mysticism, and studying his works can be a way to better understand the nuances of this field. This article intends to study the dignities of Imam Ali (AS) in the works of Movlana Jalaluddin Rumi in a descriptive-analytical method. This study shows that despite the fact that Movlana is Sunni, he has a sincere devotion to Imam Ali (AS) and has always mentioned his dignities in his poems and the content of his words. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Responding to the assassination of Sardar Shahid Soleimani (with emphasis on Quranic principles)
vahid nekoonamOn the morning of January 3, 2020, the US government assassinated Sardar Soleimani, commander of Iran's Quds Force, and his entourage, as well as a high-ranking Iraqi military official. This terrorist act, which took place on Iraqi soil, violates many international rule MoreOn the morning of January 3, 2020, the US government assassinated Sardar Soleimani, commander of Iran's Quds Force, and his entourage, as well as a high-ranking Iraqi military official. This terrorist act, which took place on Iraqi soil, violates many international rules, However, it is important to note that according to the legal structure of Iran, which is based on the jurisprudence, referring to jurisprudential sources, especially the Holy Quran, to establish a system of response is extremely important. By referring to jurisprudential sources, at first aspect, the two rules of Retaliation and self-defense in this field can be examined.This article, through analytical and descriptive methods, first examines the possibility of relying on these two jurisprudential rules and then examines the principles of the accepted rule from the perspective of the Qur'an. With this statement, the main question of this research is that considering the challenges in international law regarding the fundamental violation of international rules by the United States on the subject of the martyrdom of Sardar Soleimani, to what extent can the capacity of Quranic principles be used in the field of response?The results of this article show that according to the US approach in the international arena and its presence in the Security Council, the possibility of judicial review is limited and therefore the subtlety of the rule of restraint is suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - A Comparative Study of Educational Concepts in Children's Diwan of Ahmed Shawqi and Soleiman Al-Issa
Alireza Hosseini Batool AliniaThe present research is carried out in the comparative literature framework and intends to compare some of the common educational concepts in children's diwan of Ahmad Showghi and Suleiman Al-Issa in comparative literature the framework by relying on their poems; since MoreThe present research is carried out in the comparative literature framework and intends to compare some of the common educational concepts in children's diwan of Ahmad Showghi and Suleiman Al-Issa in comparative literature the framework by relying on their poems; since children's literature is one of the significant sections in the literature of any nation, so it is important to address it. In this research, these questions are answered: What are the common educational concepts in the children's diwan of two poets and also what is the reason for the conceptual differences between the poems of the two poets? Both poets seem to have been influenced by their society, and therefore the common meanings of their poems stem from their concerns. Suleiman al-Issa also deals with the influence of new literary currents on the subject of entertainment, while Showghi pays attention to the details of moral education. The results show that both poets pay attention to educational concepts and in addition to the conceptual differences in their poems, we can point to the common concepts of their poetries such as moral and social values, freedom, patriotism and independence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - the human crisis and the crisis of the place in Al-Alag poetry: Thematic treatment based on the sociological principle of literature
hosein elyasi mofrad zeinab ghasemiaslThe poetry of Ali Ja'far Al-Alaq is an objective subject with distinction and this strong relationship between Al-Allaq's poetry and reality is what makes Al-Allaq's poetry characterized by pessimism. The presence of pessimism also descends from the conviction of the po MoreThe poetry of Ali Ja'far Al-Alaq is an objective subject with distinction and this strong relationship between Al-Allaq's poetry and reality is what makes Al-Allaq's poetry characterized by pessimism. The presence of pessimism also descends from the conviction of the poet that poetry is the son of loss and loss and must reflect the reality of living. This study sails in the world of Ali Jafar poetic relationship to clarify the vision of the poet to the Arab reality and manifestations of the crisis of self and the plight of place in the poet's poetry The research relied on his approach to poetry of the relationship on the descriptive analytical approach and took from the groups of the poet poetic samples to address the subject The results indicate that the poetry of the relationship is linked to the reality of living in which the poet analyzes the Arab reality by taking care of the legendary, religious and historical heritage and dedicates in it a fact that he believes in, that what dragged the Arabs to defeat and the young is due to the Arabs themselves and more to the Arab daring. Slow attendance and the act of treason and non-clinging to the land and identity and the crisis of belonging an attempt to incite the building of the Arab civilized society, which In the relationship between the sexes on the basis of harmony and union. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - A Study of the Influence of Foreign Literatures on the Diwan School
Hussein Shamsabadi Masoud Marganpour Asghar Moulavi NafchiThe Diwan School is one of the literary schools that emerged in contemporary Arabic literature and had a tremendous role in directing Arabic literature toward innovation, keeping it in touch with modern literary evolution worldwide in the twentieth century. However, the MoreThe Diwan School is one of the literary schools that emerged in contemporary Arabic literature and had a tremendous role in directing Arabic literature toward innovation, keeping it in touch with modern literary evolution worldwide in the twentieth century. However, the innovation that this school spread is by large of non-Arabic roots and is chiefly based on such foreign literatures as English, French and Persian. This article attempts to investigate the influence received by this school from foreign literatures, mainly through English literature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Stories and Narrations Method in Mathnavi
Mohammad Rasoul Ahangaran Farahnaz Raf’at JooIt is obvious to all mystics and Sufis specifically Iranian researchers that Molana’s poetries are full of love to Lord. His poetries are of two important characteristics which disparate his works (from others); depth of thinking and power of emotion. Mathnavi Ma& MoreIt is obvious to all mystics and Sufis specifically Iranian researchers that Molana’s poetries are full of love to Lord. His poetries are of two important characteristics which disparate his works (from others); depth of thinking and power of emotion. Mathnavi Ma’navi is one of the literary masterpieces which closely interrelates with the ancient literary works and is of a deep relationship with Sufis and mystics. The present article attempts to express Molana’s method in versing stories, narrations and their types and point out the importance of these stories and narrations on the other hand. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - A Study of Literary Theory in Al Divan Poetry
Ali pirani Shal Fatemeh AliyanDivan School played an important role in modernism and modernity which were comprehensive in the early twentieth century. By a brief look at the poetries and odes it is founded that the school was about to found a new plan which weren't different from the classic poetry MoreDivan School played an important role in modernism and modernity which were comprehensive in the early twentieth century. By a brief look at the poetries and odes it is founded that the school was about to found a new plan which weren't different from the classic poetry. One of the technical features is the simultaneous presence of English culture beside the Arabic. From their point of view the poetry is in the human nature and is inside his thoughts and manners in a way that it closes them to the romanticism poets. The main elements of this kind of poetry are emotion, thought, music and integrity; a routine attempt in content cohesion can be seen as well in a way that the attention to the structure has been lost. The criticism principles in their literary works is significant; it is remarkable to state that beside the similarities the noteworthy differences are outstanding in their approaches and views. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - The Judiciary Mission of the International Court of Justice against Political Performance of the Security Council in International Disputes
Morteza Ghahremani Seyed Yaser ZiaeeThe purpose of the present study is to review the judiciary mission of the International Court of Justice against the political performance of the Security Council in international disputes. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that the cou MoreThe purpose of the present study is to review the judiciary mission of the International Court of Justice against the political performance of the Security Council in international disputes. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the results showed that the court should never avoid pursuit of solving important political disputes just because they are in terms of political issues and aspects, even though there were no provable principles in international laws. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Study and analysis of the aesthetics of deviation and ignoring religious ethics in the implications of Khaghani's divan
Manijheh Ghorabanzadeh Hamidreza Farzi Ali DehghanThe Ghaznavid divan of Hakim Sanai, with more than thirteen thousand verses, consists of poems in the form of ode, composition, preference, mesmat, lyric, piece and quatrain. Composing a lyric and tending to romantic controversies and its attractions, the poet occasiona MoreThe Ghaznavid divan of Hakim Sanai, with more than thirteen thousand verses, consists of poems in the form of ode, composition, preference, mesmat, lyric, piece and quatrain. Composing a lyric and tending to romantic controversies and its attractions, the poet occasionally preoccupies himself. Introduction to Sanai's hymns which describe the beloved, although not uniform in number of verses and is often between 7 and 29 verses, but has a place in his hymns. In this article, while briefly introducing various aspects of the description of the beloved, such as; The field of immorality and spirituality or the reporter of the face and sensory and intellectual similes, etc, the image of the beloved Sanai with emphasis on the poet's intellectual evolution, should be examined and analyzed; Therefore, first, the most important and special approaches of Sanai in drawing the image of the beloved have been extracted and classified into eight groups. Then, by studying and finding the frequency of words and presenting diagrams, their importance, how they are used, their place and the way of intellectual development in Sanai's depiction of the beloved's image are analyzed in the lyric poems of his praise poems. The presence of characteristics of Khorasani style and traces of change that later become the beacon of poets in the field of dealing with the beloved, is one of the highlights of the lyric poems of Sanai praise that are addressed in this study. The research method is descriptive and analytical with statistical charts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Studying and Analysing Forouzanfar's basic manuscript in edtition of Divan-E-Kabir
Shirin Razmjoo Bakhtiari Khalilijahromi Elham Mohammad yosof NayyeriMevlana’s Divan-e Kabir is one of the pivotal texts in mystical researches. In the last fifty years, the critical edition of Divan by Froozanfar has been the base for all the literary researches done on Mevlana’s ghazals. However, the textual authenticity of MoreMevlana’s Divan-e Kabir is one of the pivotal texts in mystical researches. In the last fifty years, the critical edition of Divan by Froozanfar has been the base for all the literary researches done on Mevlana’s ghazals. However, the textual authenticity of this edition is under question.The method of Professor Forouzanfar's edition and selection Konya 770 manuscript as the basic version has been studied and investigated critically, in this article. There are different points of view about Manuscript of Konya. In this article, the authors have precisely described Manuscript of Konya and have enumerated the criticisms that are available about it. In addition, the authors mention some Ghazals that are not authentic, because these are not mentioned in other authentic manuscripts. These Ghazals have been just written in Konya 770 manuscript, although that was expected other manuscripts that have a majority of ghazals, include these ghazals, too. Among these Ghazals, some of them are not cited be Mevlana, and some of the verses should not regarded as an independent ghazal, because, these verses are in the middle of another ghazals. Studying these Ghazals illuminate that Konya770 (Faz) are not authentic enough to be the basis of Forouzanfar's edition. The reasonable method of edition for Divan-e- Kabir according to different manuscripts that are not complete is to select ones are the low-volume but are authentic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Analysis of the Reflection of Patriotic Thoughts in the Poems of Loiq Sher-Ali
Korosh Jamshidi Ali Asghar Bondshahriari Morteza Haji Mazdarani Amir Hossein MahouziPatriotism is a phenomenon that has had a special impact on contemporary literature in the last century. Aref Qazvini and Farrokhi Yazdi are examples of contemporary poets whose patriotism has a special effect. Tajik poetry also needs to breathe new life of national pri MorePatriotism is a phenomenon that has had a special impact on contemporary literature in the last century. Aref Qazvini and Farrokhi Yazdi are examples of contemporary poets whose patriotism has a special effect. Tajik poetry also needs to breathe new life of national pride and patriotism due to the invasion of foreign nations and years of communist rule in order to help the Tajik people maintain national unity and achieve development. Layeq Shir Ali is the national poet of Tajikistan and one of the most prominent figures of patriotic poetry, who has shown his love for his homeland in his poems. The present article uses a descriptive method with a content analysis approach to study the analysis of the reflection of patriotic ideas in the poems worthy of the patriotic poet Shir Ali. Various aspects of patriotism in worthy poetry include mentioning the glorious past of the Tajik people, the importance of Persian as a mother tongue, being influenced by the Shahnameh, calling for peace, and cosmopolitan ideas. Has examined worthy poems and has come to the conclusion that worthy patriotic thoughts have deep humanitarian roots. Worthy, he wants peace, progress, equality and peaceful coexistence of all nations of the world, and this ideal will be achieved when every human being realizes his own inherent values; Therefore, the need for world peace from the worthy point of view of Shir Ali is self-knowledge and individual self-awareness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Investigating the Common Topics of the Western-Eastern Divan and Saadi's Clergy
Mahmoud MehravaranA form of comparative literature is to compare a work or some works of two eloquent poets in order to find their mutual influence. The content of West–Eastern Diwan (the Collection of poems) of Goethe, the famous German man of letter, shows that he was greatly inf MoreA form of comparative literature is to compare a work or some works of two eloquent poets in order to find their mutual influence. The content of West–Eastern Diwan (the Collection of poems) of Goethe, the famous German man of letter, shows that he was greatly influenced by Hafiz as well as S'adi, the great Persian poet and author, because some works of Persian literature, particularly those of S'adi, has been translated into western languages since some centuries ago, which has made western scholars and men of letters familiar with them. This article, after examining Goethe's familiarity with Saadi's works and the reasons for Goethe's influence, examines the considerable evidence of the common themes between Saadi and Goethe and illustrates Goethe's influence on Saadi or the affinities of their ideas from the poetry offices of the Western-Eastern Divan. These are commonalities and influences on the content, thought, and type of thought of many phenomena, including: Praise God and point to His justice and dominance over the East and the West, Freedom of Thought, Arrest of the Poor, Inability to Love, Short and Lifetime, Trespassing on Short Life, Eating the Sadness of the World, and Spending the World With Jealousy and Disdain Others, language silence, ignorance of the ignorant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - comparison of appellations in the ''History of Sistan'' & “Poems of Khaghani”
Mohammad Mohammadi Malekabadi Mehrdad Chatraei Ghorbanali EbrahimiOne of the most interesting questions for humans is the reason for naming things (the appellation). In the texts of Persian poetry and prose, some writers and poets, in the course of their works, Etymologized some words and define their appellation(the reason of naming) MoreOne of the most interesting questions for humans is the reason for naming things (the appellation). In the texts of Persian poetry and prose, some writers and poets, in the course of their works, Etymologized some words and define their appellation(the reason of naming). Studying, analyzing, and classifying these appellations, indicates the way they look at the construction of words. In this article, some of these appellations that are included in the ''history of Sistan'' and "Divan-e-Khaghani" are examined and compared. For this purpose, we categorized the types of the appellation and mentioned the evidence from different books. Then we extracted and examined the examples of the appellation from the ''history of Sistan'' and "Divan-e-Khaghani". By examining the samples, it was found that the author of the ''history of Sistan'' has paid more attention to the etymology of words in expressing the appellation, and in some cases, he has referred to the Folklore but Khaghani has paid more attention to poetic games with words and offers innovative appellation. Of course, he has also paid attention to the appellation mentioned in other books. This article has been written in a descriptive-analytical way and the data has been collected in the library method. Although several articles have been published on the subject of the ''Appellation'' but so far no independent article has been published on the subject of ''Appellation in the history of Sistan''. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Manifestations of Belief inAncient Astronomy in Khajou-ye Kermani’s Poetry
Mohammad Reza Soleimani Delarastaqi Dr. Abbas Mahyar -
Open Access Article
48 - Morphological Analysis and Study of Rumi’s Story of “Descension and Exaltation” as Narrated in Divan-e Shams
Suzan Kariminezhad Tooraj AghdaieInserting tale-like verses in his ghazals is among Rumi’s command of composing this literary genre. This is an altered way he employs to convey the notion of mysticism. The fusion of tales and ghazals results in some certain narrative ghazals through which Rumi pr MoreInserting tale-like verses in his ghazals is among Rumi’s command of composing this literary genre. This is an altered way he employs to convey the notion of mysticism. The fusion of tales and ghazals results in some certain narrative ghazals through which Rumi presents us with his ideas. These narrative ghazals reflect some pure experiences of mysticism that help the readers digest them much better. They have been studied and explored by many researchers throughout recent years; however, they have hardly been studied via a morphological approach. Introduced by Vladimir Propp, morphology is a relatively new approach in analyzing stories in order to recognize the functions and principles of a story. The present article aims at studying through a morphological approach a ghazal by Rumi in order to give a comprehensive understanding of “descension and ascension” as realized by Rumi. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Time management principles and pathology of the Court Etesami
haniyeh taherlou Kamran Pashayi Faghri Parvane AdelzadeThe problem of the constant time of mind and heart, present and absent, has occupied man himself yesterday and today. It is a fact that is linked to human beings, and man always finds himself in the vein, as if a man is captive of time and has no way to get out of this MoreThe problem of the constant time of mind and heart, present and absent, has occupied man himself yesterday and today. It is a fact that is linked to human beings, and man always finds himself in the vein, as if a man is captive of time and has no way to get out of this captivity. The enjoyment of life and success are among the fundamental goals of humans. One of the most important steps in this direction is to master the time and correct management of it. In this perspective, individuals are advised to set goals, prioritize goals, to make decisions and to plan proper operations, and to keep them from looseness, rush, and any actions that threaten timely and proper work. Parvin points out in this study a reflection of the time and value of time that expresses the existential value of being, and the findings point out that in beliefs, humans progress to perfection until the principle, by passing the time offsets (wasting time) They go through. The result is that someone knows the value of time is worth living. What is retrieved and investigated in this article is the optimal method of time and damaging factors in the Parvin tribunal, which emphasizes the meaning of the poems of Parvin on the transitory life and span of momentum and living, and the importance of this issue and the necessity of its review. is showing. Research has been done by exploring written literature with a descriptive research method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Tabriz from the perspective of Rumi Jalaluddin Mohammad Balkhi
roohollah mozafari Iraj MehrakiWhatever the spiritual planet is, by the way On the ground, the secret of Tabriz's Jabin Abstract Cities represent the culture and civilization of their citizens and play a major role in the emergence of industrial and cultural structures. They worship the elders and ar MoreWhatever the spiritual planet is, by the way On the ground, the secret of Tabriz's Jabin Abstract Cities represent the culture and civilization of their citizens and play a major role in the emergence of industrial and cultural structures. They worship the elders and are honored by the elders. Molana Jalaluddin mentions cities and urban structures in his works, General Shams and Mathnavi, but none has as much influence on Shams Tabrizi as Shabi and Tabriz because of Shams Tabrizi. Molana has been attracted to Shams since she was attracted to him, Its summing up of blackness clearly shames. Since then, Tabriz has become superior to the Kaaba and the Nassut and Lahout world within him, as if he sees the Tabriz raiding the Tabriz soil as if he had heard that Tabriz was the eloquence of Berkeley. The beautiful city of the 7th century, which was the capital of Ghazan Khan Timurid, is considered superior to Paradise, not the Ka'bah of Islam but the Ka'bah of both worlds, and Shams calls it the Yemeni pillar. He finds wonders in the Tabriz soil and asks travelers to bring him some Tabriz soil as a refuge so that he will eventually be buried in the Tabriz soil. In this article, the authors have tried to analyze the effects of Tabriz in Rumi's poetry by descriptive-analytical method and to find the reason for Tabriz's superiority in Rumi's mind and language. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - The Study of Bakhtin's Carnival Motifs in the Poetry of Hafez
Azar DaneshgarCarnivals are public folk feasts in which social classes are inverted. Clowns become kings; fools become sages; and saints are ridiculed. Thus, relativity of all claims is demonstrated through humor. It was Mikhail Bakhtin, the great twentieth century critic, who introd MoreCarnivals are public folk feasts in which social classes are inverted. Clowns become kings; fools become sages; and saints are ridiculed. Thus, relativity of all claims is demonstrated through humor. It was Mikhail Bakhtin, the great twentieth century critic, who introduced the theory of Carnivalesque, which is a subcategory of folklore and satire, into literature. With the assumption that a new reading of Hafiz based on Carnivalesque in literature is possible, in this research, the researcher seeks to identify the elements of carnival including: philosophical content, secularism, the presence of a character pretending to be mad, reaching a utopian domain and also grotesque in the poetry of Hafez. Then, using an analytic approach and after explaining Bakhtin’s theory of Carnivalesque and its four categories, the instances of the motifs in the poetry of Hafez are explored and discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Text Editing, Thought Interpretation Review of Editing Method of Nasir Khusrow Collection
firooz esmaeilzade Dr. Mehdi MohagheghNasir Khusrow Collection edited by Professor Mojtaba Minovi and Dr Mehdi Mohaghegh is one of the valuable Persian text which has been provided through scientific and research method. Therefore the value of this text will not merely be for its editing and with deep metic MoreNasir Khusrow Collection edited by Professor Mojtaba Minovi and Dr Mehdi Mohaghegh is one of the valuable Persian text which has been provided through scientific and research method. Therefore the value of this text will not merely be for its editing and with deep meticulous observation can perceive that these two Full Professors of historian, language, philosophy and Persian literature and also Arab literature have reproduced a remarkable masterpiece so that the editing of this text apart from reporting and analysing and even interpretation lies beyond other works or provides further interpretation and understanding. The immense knowledge of Professor Minovi in history and culture and especially text editing along with the mastery of Dr Mohaghegh in language, and his knowledge of religious and the difference of Islamic and current science have helped to clarify Nasir Khusrow Collection. Professor Minovi’s work in methodology and seeking for certainty of text along with Dr Mohaghegh way in recognising the theme of Nasir Khusrow’s poem expressing two theories in the text. The second glance at the text (Dr Mohaghegh’s method) in addition to better understanding helps the continuity of concept and interpretation. In this research two interpretations and the knowledge of Professor Minovi and Professor Mohaghegh in editing text has been studied in collaboration in order to be a valuable source for researchers in editing field. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Indicators in the mirror imagery content and language poetry Badriddin Hilali
farhad naderi mehdy mohaghghBadriddin Hilali, the late ninth century and early sixteenth century lyric poet whose poems he significantly with expressive images that are created using elements of imagery. Arches art is innovative in making similes and metaphors. Imagery of this study was to evaluat MoreBadriddin Hilali, the late ninth century and early sixteenth century lyric poet whose poems he significantly with expressive images that are created using elements of imagery. Arches art is innovative in making similes and metaphors. Imagery of this study was to evaluate the different species, "simile, metaphor, alliteration, irony, diagnosis," the poem is taken arches To answer the question of how much and how the poet of imagery and mental imagery is used in your poetry? He illustrations innovation or imitation of the past has been done in the area and what kind of imagery in his poetry is more frequent? In this speech was a library research method, the results were classified into descriptive analysis. It is with statistics to a holistic view of images and how to use them both quantitatively and qualitatively be provided. The results showed that compared high-frequency sensory especially in his poetry is metaphor. Stipulated metaphor, diagnosis, and metonymy allusion He also has the frequency. More images of his poetic descriptions lover or one of his moral and physical properties that are created with the help of natural manifestations. Arches art innovation and imagination in the use of force similes and allusions he is tangible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Considering facilities and authorities of grammatical points in NaseKhosro poem
s.y Seyyed Torabi جهاندوست Sabz Alipour Any language has a set of rules that all speakers are required to obey the rules. In these rules there are also some authorities that put speakers free. For examples everyone can say the plural of the word<<parandeh>>, <<parndegan>> or < More Any language has a set of rules that all speakers are required to obey the rules. In these rules there are also some authorities that put speakers free. For examples everyone can say the plural of the word<<parandeh>>, <<parndegan>> or <<parandeha>>. In addition to these public facilities, poets have other facilities too. These ligusitic facilities don’t change rhythm of speech sometimes; like<<Cheshm/Chashm>> and sometimes the rhythm changes. Like :<<Afsaneh/fasaneh>> and <<eskandar/Sekandar>>. The main goal of the research is responding the question that how does Persian poets use language to their benefits, and try to make it beautiful by defamiliarization and solve their poems’ rhythm problem? The intention of grammatical facilities in the research is facilities that allow poets to be free to choose some equal items so that besides saving meaning, to be able by choosing one choice orders poem’s rhythm. Degree of created facilities in each literary work in each period is different. Collecting all these facilities in the whole Persian literature need research for many years. In this paper only the most important grammatical facility in both important sections of word construction and syntax of NseKhosro court. For example changing location of rejection vand and continuity vand making distance between components of compound verb, using non-nominative attached pronoun for intransitive verbs, changing location of adjective in a sentence is such grammatical facilities. By identification of grammatical facilities we can help updating Persian language a lot. These facilities exist in any poem and prose but in this paper just grammatical facilities of the poem have been considered. If we could consider al texts of Persian literature, many problems of Persian language would have been identified and solved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Study of the Image of Holy Messenger (PUH) as Depicted in Khajouye Kermani’s Collection of Poems
Ali Mohammad Moazzeni Shahin Khakbaz -
Open Access Article
56 - اجتماعیات و اخلاقیات و آسیب های مرتبط با آن در نسخه خطی دیوان میرزا سیدعلی متخلص به شهلا
محمدرضا حصارکی -
Open Access Article
57 - Divan Literary Society: The Growth of Literature and Criticism in Twentieth Century
Seyed Soleiman AshkvarThrough a detailed investigation in the contemporary Arabic literature during 20th century it can be inferred that literature and art has developed remarkably towards innovation and away from imitation. It is natural that this lunge has not occurred overnight. In fact, MoreThrough a detailed investigation in the contemporary Arabic literature during 20th century it can be inferred that literature and art has developed remarkably towards innovation and away from imitation. It is natural that this lunge has not occurred overnight. In fact, in literature no change is feasible without the proper and sufficient background. These backgrounds provide the new tendencies and dimensions in literary arena. Among these the impact of Divan literary society as followers of some special schools is undeniable. As the pioneer of inventiveness and novelty Divan literary society has achieved vehement thoughts such as horizontal and vertical cohesion of the poem, personal poetic experiences ,poetic formalism, freedom of interpretation, the originality of conscience,etc through a comprehensive analysis and speculations on contemporary western literature as well as the pure Arabic literature. The Society paved the way for the emergence of new literature regardless of some failure at the outset and opened up a new literature, incomparable to the past. On the road to success, some other literary societies in West and East cooperated to wear the tattered coat of imitation off the weary body of literature and poetry. Manuscript profile -
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58 - Military Blockade Effect of Beirut on Application and Implication of Space and Place in Divan “Maryam Tati” by Sa'adi Yoosef
Hashem Mohammad Hashem maryam jalaeiOne of the most important beauties of Modern poetry, especially in the literature which was created in war and in blockade, is application of space and location technique and its different implications; because war is concerned with conquering location and its inc MoreOne of the most important beauties of Modern poetry, especially in the literature which was created in war and in blockade, is application of space and location technique and its different implications; because war is concerned with conquering location and its incidents will occur in the location and destruction of that location is one of its unlucky effects; Therefore, the present study is performed to analyze the effect of military blockade of Beirut by Israel on application and implication of location in “Maryam Tati” by the Iraqi poet, Sa'adiYoosef, by descriptive-analytic method; because the blockade has had a considerable effect on routine daily life of the Lebanese people, its effects have been reflected on the literary works of Lebanese and non-Lebanese scholars, such as Sa'adi Youssef who was compelled by wardisasters to illustrate the most detailed issues of Lebanese lives. The question which should be answered is: what is the effect of military blockade of Beirut on application and implication of place on ‘Maryam Tati”? The most important results were that open locations (e.g. city, village and district) are to illustrate the material destruction of Beirut during the war and close locations (home and room), which were used more than open ones, implicate spiritual status of people of Beirut and the reason for this application and implication is the engineering and architectural criteria of the closed locations. Manuscript profile -
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59 - Stylistic Analysis of Ayatollah Gheravi Isfahani's panegyric in Praise of Imam Reza Extracted from Divan Al-anvar Al-ghodsieh(The Sacred Rays)
Afarin Zare' Razeih Karimi Fatemeh KosariAyatollah Mohammad Hossein Gheravi Isfahani known as Compani is one of the contemporary famous scholars and mystics and the author of Arabic poems of divan Al-anvar Al-ghodsieh, entitled as Moftagher. In his Persian and Arabic divan there are many poems in praise MoreAyatollah Mohammad Hossein Gheravi Isfahani known as Compani is one of the contemporary famous scholars and mystics and the author of Arabic poems of divan Al-anvar Al-ghodsieh, entitled as Moftagher. In his Persian and Arabic divan there are many poems in praise of prophet Mohammad's family among which is his long Arabic panegyric in praise of Imam Reza – peace be upon him. The present study intends to study Ayatollah Gheravi's mystical- literary ode in praise of Imam Reza –peace be upon him- in a structural method and analyze three stylistic levels of this poem which are phonetic level, causal, and combinative respectively. For this reason, having explained the concept, principles and stylistic forms, it deals with stylistic analysis of Gheravi's panegyric. One of the prominent conclusions of this study is that applying stylistics as one of critical approaches , deep richness of a literary work can be analyzed in three levels and its artistic and literary elegances found. Among these findings these cases can be mentioned: harmony between meaning and rhythm in panegyric, poet’s skill in choosing combinations being proportional to his intended meanings and purposes, poet’s inspiration by his philosophical trends in composing panegyric and his power in arousing the audience by choosing profound concepts in the form of most elegant and newest metaphors. Manuscript profile -
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60 - Investigation and analysis of the themes and effects of the horse in Bafghi's Bafghi Diwan
neda yansAllegory is one of the important literary types, which has always been the focus of poets and orators, because it expresses the thoughts, identity and culture of nations. Poets and writers have used the allegorical approach of animals to express their goals. The aim of MoreAllegory is one of the important literary types, which has always been the focus of poets and orators, because it expresses the thoughts, identity and culture of nations. Poets and writers have used the allegorical approach of animals to express their goals. The aim of the research is to carefully examine the examples and allegorical effects of the horse in Bafaghi's Wild Court. In this article, with a descriptive-analytical method, an attempt has been made to answer the question that in what cases did Bakhti Bafqi use the allegory of the horse in his court? The results show that the poet made an allegory of the love story of Farhad and Shirin and Khosrow and Shirin with the help of the word horse. In addition, it has an allegory to the story of the ascension of the great Prophet to the throne.In addition, it has an allegory to the story of the ascension of the great Prophet to the throne. Manuscript profile -
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61 - Allegorical cotents in zaser khosros poems
Seyed Ahmad Hosseini Kazerooni Leila khayatanAlkgory is a term with a broad semantic scope;however,in Persian poetry and rhetoric,it mainly refers to three areas of simile,proverb,and allegorical narratives.Bsides,it is believed that allegory has its roots more inphilosophy and theology than in literature,therefor MoreAlkgory is a term with a broad semantic scope;however,in Persian poetry and rhetoric,it mainly refers to three areas of simile,proverb,and allegorical narratives.Bsides,it is believed that allegory has its roots more inphilosophy and theology than in literature,therefore,it seems tobe directly related to rationalist writings. In Persian literary history,naser khosro ghobadiani,a poet from 5th century,is one of the people who has extensively used allegorical contents in his works especially in his poems.from this perspective,his poems have a high potential for literary critique.In this study, naser khosros tendency to use allegory and allegorical narratives have been shown the influence of Esmaeilie goverments belief an thought system on use of these allegorical contents has also been investigated.Naser khosro has maidnly used allegorical similes and allegorical narratives in his poems.In his narratives and similies, the surface-level is a collection of images,characters,objects and actions that,in their deep-level,have a moral or didactic message,or a mentalidea. Manuscript profile -
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62 - Investigating allegories in Mojeer Al-din beileghani' Divan
O. MalmoliThis article aims to investigate the allegories in Mojeer Al-din beileghani' Divan which is revised by Dr Mohammad Abadi. Persian writers of 5 and 6 centuries made use of rhetoric's, allegories and other literary devices to adorn the language used in poetry. One of the MoreThis article aims to investigate the allegories in Mojeer Al-din beileghani' Divan which is revised by Dr Mohammad Abadi. Persian writers of 5 and 6 centuries made use of rhetoric's, allegories and other literary devices to adorn the language used in poetry. One of the great experts in allegory is Mojeer Al-din beileghani; a poet of the early 6 century. This era coincides with the verbal and spititual beauties in odes by Anvari,Kamal-Al-Din Isfahani, Khaghani, Falaki Shervani and others. Mojeer Al-din pays a lot of attention to literary devices such as allegories and in order to introduce his style we should analyze his point of view toward allegory. The results of this study show that some allegories are coind by the poet himself and some others are derived from the works of Khaghani. Farokhi and Manuchehri.Furthermore, three kinds of allegories can be found in Mojeer Al-din divan: First, allegories which are common now. Second, allegories which were common in Mojeer Al-din day and allegories which are dead and uncommon. Manuscript profile -
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63 - Investigating the meta-needs and meta-harms in Saeb Tabrizi's personality based on allegorical verses of the poet's lyric poems based on the theory of humanistic psychologists
behzad pourrezaeyan Seyed Ahmad Hosseini Kazerooni seyed jafar hamidi Ezat DireIn the present era, the nascent science of psychology has been able to rely on various theories of thinkers in this science, to provide new windows for researchers and critics, including the analysis of the inner worlds of writers of classical and contemporary texts in MoreIn the present era, the nascent science of psychology has been able to rely on various theories of thinkers in this science, to provide new windows for researchers and critics, including the analysis of the inner worlds of writers of classical and contemporary texts in the field of Persian literature. Is. Accordingly, the main structure of this article is formed with the above approach and pursues two main goals. The first is to discover and identify the needs and meta-harms of Saeb Tabrizi's personality based on humanistic theory and the second is to study Saeb's allegorical approach in expressing these characteristics. In order to achieve these two goals, the words and poems that the poet has dealt with in his lyric poetry due to two important features of the Indian style, namely eloquence and the discovery of new themes, have been used. In this method, 364 lyric poems from The divan has been selected and examined based on Morgan table and using simple random sampling from among 6995 sonnets. Accordingly, after expressing information about allegory, its function and branches, the subject of personality and its meaning are explained, and then 18 cases of paralysis and meta-harm mentioned by Maslow are extracted from Saeb's court and his allegorical approach in expressing this characteristic Have been reviewed and analyzed. In this research, which has a descriptive-analytical approach, while explaining the limitations and meta-harms of the poet's personality as a self-fulfilling human being, an attempt has been made to answer the basic question of whether Saeb succeeds in using an allegorical approach to express the issues and meta-harms of his personality. have been? Manuscript profile -
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64 - Fire in Molana s poem
Mir jalal al-Din Kazzazi Esmaeil Abdimakvand Soghra merdasi sardarabadiFire in Molana s poem is presented in manners of Allusion, Allegory, Metaphor, symbol, Figurative language and etc.some times fire "builds" and sometimes "burns", It examines and rnelts and plags humans. We see fire, divine dimension and devilish dimension in Islamic Gn MoreFire in Molana s poem is presented in manners of Allusion, Allegory, Metaphor, symbol, Figurative language and etc.some times fire "builds" and sometimes "burns", It examines and rnelts and plags humans. We see fire, divine dimension and devilish dimension in Islamic Gnosticism. .Fire reminds Molana so many memories which could be found in his works as God‘s feeling and his manifestation, prophetss’love, admittance difficulties,love,the fire of inner four temperaments, power of carnaldesires, the love of universe and its properties, the fire of the Hell and the fire itself and etc. Different various traces have been found in the fire as; warming, burning, making, up rising, expanding, light deffusing, chasting.Molana believes that all these features could be extremely existed in spiritual passion as well as they are more objective Fire is repeated %2.89 in ditches or verses of Shams poetical works and %1.78 in virtual verses of Molana.The synonyms of the word “fire” are used a lot by Molana but in the contents of Metaphor, Allusion and symbolism nothing could be found exactly instead of fire itself. In poetical works Masnavi, Fire is used as love of passion, power of avidity, jealousy force from literary point of view of course more than Divan. . Fire can be traced as color through which the fire of wine or fire and sun or fire blood. In this present paper is presented the functions of fire in Molana s in verse works. Manuscript profile -
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65 - The allegorical approach of Saeb Tabrizi in expressing the characteristics of a healthy person from the perspective of human-oriented psychologists, relying on the Divan Ghazlitat poet
Seyed Ahmad Hosseini Kazerooni Behzad Pourrezaein Seyyed Jafar Hamadi Ezat DireToday, the use of modern psychology in the field of Persian literature and in the analysis of the internal world of classical and contemporary texts has been able to provide new ways for researchers and critics. Accordingly, the overall structure of this paper is based MoreToday, the use of modern psychology in the field of Persian literature and in the analysis of the internal world of classical and contemporary texts has been able to provide new ways for researchers and critics. Accordingly, the overall structure of this paper is based on the above approach and follows two major goals. First, the discovery and identification of the characteristics of the personality of healthy people (self-sustaining) based on the theory of humanists and secondly, the study of the allegorical approach of Sa'eb in expressing these characteristics. To achieve these two goals, the poet has also used the words and poems that have been addressed by the poet in his two-sided discourse with regard to two important features of the Indian style, the pious and the discovery of new themes. In this method, 364 sonnets from the aforementioned court were selected based on Morgan's table and simple random sampling from 6995 sonnets. Accordingly, after describing the article about allegory, its function and its branches, the subject of personality and its concept is explained, then the twelve characteristics of the introduced human beings in humanistic theory are extracted from the Divine Divine and its allegorical approach In the expression of these features will be examined and analyzed. Manuscript profile -
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66 - Daa’ie unknown poet in Persian literature area
Mostafa KhodayariRuknuddin Daavidar-e-Ghomi was a sixth and early seventh-century bilingual poet, with the pen name of Daayee. His poetry collection is not fully available and only a selection of his Farsi and Arabic poetry collection remains today mostly in form of odes praising the ru MoreRuknuddin Daavidar-e-Ghomi was a sixth and early seventh-century bilingual poet, with the pen name of Daayee. His poetry collection is not fully available and only a selection of his Farsi and Arabic poetry collection remains today mostly in form of odes praising the rulers of the time. In the present study, the author attempts to reveal the genius of Ruknuddin Daavidar by further acquainting the reader with the poet; and demonstrating the power of his rhetoric, and the sweetness of his language. On the other hand, attempts have been made to carefully study the details of Ruknoddin’s verse and reveal some of the facets of his viewpoint and system of thought, as well as identify the literary features and spiritual elements in his Arabic and Farsi odes. Manuscript profile -
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67 - The research of climes in Vegharshirazi poets
Dariush Kazemi Najmeh AzampourClaims is a title for verses that including claims of sores and suffers of the poet. This inclination can be found generally in all of the verses. In the works of some premium Persian poets that make the structure of poem or affect the main portion of the poems. The i MoreClaims is a title for verses that including claims of sores and suffers of the poet. This inclination can be found generally in all of the verses. In the works of some premium Persian poets that make the structure of poem or affect the main portion of the poems. The importance of claims is mostly to present the social and other aspects of the time of the poetry, because more than reveating the undesireable conditions of thepoet.that would present the blessed society and his contradications with the governer and the public dependents would be presented. Vegharshirazi is one of the poets that has considered a condidelable portion of his poems for this matter. So we can find many social.political.economical and cultural aspects of his time. The matters of they survey is studing claims in the verse book of vegharshirazi. We have efforted that study the claims in the verse book of vegharshirazi and then by binding them amaly zing and interpreting the sorrines and sores of the poet.and so not only to become familiar whith his characters and behaviors.but also be familiarized whith the conditions of society in his period of time. Manuscript profile -
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68 - Investigating the types of compact allegories in the poems of Jalal Tabib Shirazi
Shirin Kabiri Mehrdad Chatraei Maryam MahmoudiThe existence of distinguished imagery in poems of great poets represents their power in fantasizing and allegory is one of the illustrative elements of poetry and Imagery. Allegory is one of the most important topics which has been talked about a lot both in primitive MoreThe existence of distinguished imagery in poems of great poets represents their power in fantasizing and allegory is one of the illustrative elements of poetry and Imagery. Allegory is one of the most important topics which has been talked about a lot both in primitive and contemporary rhetoric. In ancient books, it has been considered as a compound simile and allegory metaphor, while in modern times, it is a subset of the subject of image and imagination. In terms of the structure of Persian allegories, It consists of two parts: descriptive and narrative allegory; narrative allegory includes stories of human and animal, symbolic stories, fable, parable, etc. Descriptive allegory usually does not go beyond one or more sentences, and its most important types are allegorical metaphor, allegorical simile, proverb, and Oslub-e-Moadeleh (techniques of sameness). In this article, we are attempting to study and search for the types of descriptive allegory and its examples in the poetry of Jalal Tabib Shirazi. He was a physician and a poet who lived in between Saadi's and Hafez's lifetime and variety of short allegories are prominent in his poetry. This research has been done through the library method and case study. Over the years, several articles have been published on allegory and its structure and types in Persian literature, but there has been no article about the types of short allegory in Jalal Tabib's poems. Manuscript profile -
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69 - A Survey of Abolfazl Beihaghi’s Writing Style
Mohammad Gholamrezayi,Besides its historical, geographical, literary, and social significance, Tarikh Beihaghi, an important Persian literature work, particularly enjoys its writing style. Following Abu Nasr Moshkan’s (Beihaghi’s teacher) prose style, Beihaghi’s prose share MoreBesides its historical, geographical, literary, and social significance, Tarikh Beihaghi, an important Persian literature work, particularly enjoys its writing style. Following Abu Nasr Moshkan’s (Beihaghi’s teacher) prose style, Beihaghi’s prose shares certain characteristics with those of the Samani era. On the other hand, these same features relate the work to technical prose works. Moreover, it owns features that distinguish it from other similar works. Besides archaism, one can see different forms of periphrasis and circumlocution, poetic features, especially allusion and simile, and various influences of Arabic literature, in Beihaghi’s prose. Beihaghi’s styles are more revealed in sentence structures, some transpositions, word coining, using specific allusive statements, and certain poetic images. Manuscript profile -
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70 - A Brief Study of Astronomy Themes in Mojir’s Divan
Omidvar MalmaliWhen one studies the status of science in the mid-fifth century to the beginning of the seventh century, he/she spots, despite all the problems, the development of intellectual sciences, especially astronomy, along with other sciences. One can also realize that after Kh MoreWhen one studies the status of science in the mid-fifth century to the beginning of the seventh century, he/she spots, despite all the problems, the development of intellectual sciences, especially astronomy, along with other sciences. One can also realize that after Khaghani, his disciple, Mojir Al-Din Bylqany found an opportunity to include all the knowledge of time, especially astronomy, astronomical instruments, atmospheric phenomena, bliss and malevolent, spheres in his poems and provide all those who were seeking such things. This paper is an attempt to reveal what the poet’s thoughts and ideas are concerning astronomy and spheres. Manuscript profile -
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71 - Study of Allegory, Proverbs and Axiom in the Khaqani Divan
H. Mosavian M. MahoziThis paper will explore allegory and proverbs and aphorisms in poetry King,” Khaqani” is derived from a thesis entitled” Folklore in Khaqani Divan”. The author is trying to enumerate many of the examples in distinguished poets such as the prefere MoreThis paper will explore allegory and proverbs and aphorisms in poetry King,” Khaqani” is derived from a thesis entitled” Folklore in Khaqani Divan”. The author is trying to enumerate many of the examples in distinguished poets such as the preference of a love of wisdom, the importance of spiritual poverty, finding a safe way to leave depends on desires, lack of health expectancy in world behavior, contentment and lack referring to villains, loyalty period over time, the poverty of soul and life, the product and sound of material nature, bounce bless and health in the spiritual world, not the world, seeking a companion in the world of mortals nor the world and allegorical stories like the story of the Caliph and the Pelican and the story of Parrot and Merchant, expresses that element of allegory and proverbs and axiomlike other elements of Folklore, including materials and themes that poets has made themes and created exquisite poems in their Divans. Of these, Lord of rhetorical expression, Khaqani has coped with this important very well and emerged art. Manuscript profile -
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72 - Homa’s Wing Shadow
Maryamossadat Ranjbar Fateme KazeraniAccording to myths narrations، Homa (osprey) was an auspicious fowl and prosperity messenger that sho was under the the protection of her، would have been wealthy and prosperous. This fowl is always mentioned by poets because it’s an osprey and didn’t hurt a MoreAccording to myths narrations، Homa (osprey) was an auspicious fowl and prosperity messenger that sho was under the the protection of her، would have been wealthy and prosperous. This fowl is always mentioned by poets because it’s an osprey and didn’t hurt any thing. Although Saeb has used these contents in his poetry، but has used literary arrays too، for example irony، allegory and simile the same as poets on his age. He has used norm breaking to present a different personality of osprey. Saeb believed that the reason of instability state of osprey and his disliking to her is because of her dark and transient shadow. The image of osprey presented by Saeb has made her as a terrestrial and tangible created. Also he believed that the reason of auspiciousness of this myth fowl is because of her humility and the reason of her fame is her satisfactory to some bones. So، Saeb didn’t want to be under the protection of osprey (homa) because he believed that prosperity is an inherent adjective not acquire. He used this myth fowl to describe nature and unimportant issues، that all of them are mentioned above and are analyzed in different accepts. Manuscript profile -
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73 - Common mystical themes in Masnavi and Saebs' Divan
Abdullah Nosrati Homa hooshyarThis article titled by "Comparative study on mystical themes in Masnavi and Saebs' Divan "is review with detailed comparative analysis of the fivethemes such as: oneness, unity, perdition, love and devotion in these two books. At beginning writer try to give a mystical MoreThis article titled by "Comparative study on mystical themes in Masnavi and Saebs' Divan "is review with detailed comparative analysis of the fivethemes such as: oneness, unity, perdition, love and devotion in these two books. At beginning writer try to give a mystical definition for each theme, then, studying mentioned contentsin theMasnavi andSaebs' Divan comparatively. Since the Saebs' Divan has not quoted anecdotes and themes are presented in the form of single bits, whileMasnavi is full story; so researcher has tried to generally accommodate the Masnavicontent without relying on anecdotes.Surly the mystic Rumi's worldview is not comparable with Saebs' worldview because Saeb is poet and Rumi is mystic. However, in poetry of Saeb can be seen wisdom and mysticism that it is undoubtedly influenced by Rumi and Hafiz. The aim of this study is to examine common themes in the Masnavi and the Saebs' Divan. Manuscript profile -
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74 - An Overview Of Secondary Mystical Concepts on the Beloved Face in Hemam Tabrizi Divan
Fazel Abbasszadeh Jalil TajlilAbstract: Though Hemam Tabrizi is known to be the follower of Sa’di and even his own student, and the beloved introduced Motehalli in his words castle a sample of earthly beloved, through reflection over his poetry, there is a bas relief of the arrays of his mystical MoreAbstract: Though Hemam Tabrizi is known to be the follower of Sa’di and even his own student, and the beloved introduced Motehalli in his words castle a sample of earthly beloved, through reflection over his poetry, there is a bas relief of the arrays of his mystical teachings that are mostly written in an encrypted and condensed and metaphoric language found in the delicately texture and underground layers of his words. That is why it is endeavored to study the secondary mystical concepts that the poet has drawn up via the elements of the beloved face out of imagination and later the extensive mystical meanings is commented out of a few verses in his divan. Manuscript profile -
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75 - Place Of an Inmate Of the Great Mystics Of the Islamic Mystical Poetry by Qasim Anwar
Yadollah Bahmani MotlaghQasem Anwar (837 -757 AH.) Great Iranian mystic and poet of the Timurid era , mysticism and literature of Khorasan, Azarbaijan and Gilan and Ibn Arabic poetry compilation of thoughts about the perfect man and Unity along Kbrvyh Khorasan Sufi and Shiite movements Sfvyh A MoreQasem Anwar (837 -757 AH.) Great Iranian mystic and poet of the Timurid era , mysticism and literature of Khorasan, Azarbaijan and Gilan and Ibn Arabic poetry compilation of thoughts about the perfect man and Unity along Kbrvyh Khorasan Sufi and Shiite movements Sfvyh Azerbaijan offers. He was a great Sufi Muslim mystics and the Court of Hussein ibn Mansur al-Hallaj, Bayazid Bastami, Ghazali and Hafy human goodness and learn to respect their praises high, often thought of as imparting to the Shiite Imams Ali, Imam Hussein, Imam Jafar Sadiq (as ) and Hazrat Mahdi (as) has expressed devotion . Among the bits from all over to Hazrat Ali (AS) and follow a spiritual sonnets dedicated to Imam Ali in which he explicitly declared that his true followers. Ghasemi pursuant to which the poet Poets Iraqi style is great, the greatest mystic poets like Rumi's poems orientation, Hafez, Sanai evident. This aspect of our study of poetry Qasim Anwar will lead to many hidden aspects of his thought. Manuscript profile -
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76 - Creative Imagination in Shams Tabrizi's Divan
Zohreh Mohamad ali Ahmad Qani pour Malekshah Morteza Mohseni Masoud RouhaniThe theory of imagination has a special position in philosophy and theoretical mysticism (Sufisms). Ibn Arabi is one of greatest theoretician in the field of imagination. In his words, Imagination is, in a sense, everything except God and His manifestation, but in human MoreThe theory of imagination has a special position in philosophy and theoretical mysticism (Sufisms). Ibn Arabi is one of greatest theoretician in the field of imagination. In his words, Imagination is, in a sense, everything except God and His manifestation, but in human being imagination is a kind of perception that gathers between tangible forms and abstract meanings. Human is the successor of the creative God and can use his imagination to create scientific, literary, and artistic creations, and can be the source of perfection. The most important purpose of the paper is to emphasize the role of the creative imagination in wandering human’s identity, in order to escape from the crisis of identity and to achieve its true status. Rumi's poetry in Divan Shams is one of the hallmarks of the creative imagination in mystical literature. In this study, Ibn Arabi’s and Rumi's common views on the theory of God in the creation have been compiled and analyzed using a comparative-analytic approach. Manuscript profile -
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77 - The Analysis of Tajalli (Epiphany) in Divan-e Shams
azim hamzeian Tannaz Rashidi NasabTajalli (Epiphany) of God in the universe is one of the most notable intellectual foundations of Sufism. The Gnostics believed that the universe is an epiphany of God's names and attributes and the most important of them is the “Perfect Man” that is the most MoreTajalli (Epiphany) of God in the universe is one of the most notable intellectual foundations of Sufism. The Gnostics believed that the universe is an epiphany of God's names and attributes and the most important of them is the “Perfect Man” that is the most perfect tajalli in the universe. Rumi is known as one of the greatest mystics of the Sufi history.. Rumi, has introduced the most complete emergence of perfect human in Sufism – in the most of his poems – Shams -e Tabrizi, so in this work, he has been praised Shams. This study is to expression and show the Rumi explores ideas about the that in fact, with his mystical view about emergence of the names and attributes of God with descriptive and analytical method in Divan-e-Shams, according to Supererogatory proximity hadiths and duties, the great epiphany of God, has been discussed at the ultimate unity. Manuscript profile -
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78 - دیوان شمس تبریزی، آینۀ بازتاب شعورمندی کائنات
Enaiatolah Sharifpour Ahmad Amirikhorasani Mahin Iranmanesh -
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79 - Manifestation of Mysticism in Reza-Qoli Khan Hedayat’s Lyrics
Neda Pazaj Ata Mohammad Radmanesh Mohammad Ebrahim IrajpourSafavid era and the one after cannot be considered as the instant elimination period and regression era for Sufism. This was the era of turbulent social conditions so that after a period of interregnum, people had their full attention to the mystics of the time and the MoreSafavid era and the one after cannot be considered as the instant elimination period and regression era for Sufism. This was the era of turbulent social conditions so that after a period of interregnum, people had their full attention to the mystics of the time and the followers at this era left outstanding works of their own. Included was the Reza-Qoli Khan Hedayat as a symbol of sophistication during Qajar period. Along with managing court and administrative affairs, he went through the course of mysticism and left behind significant works accordingly. This paper takes a glimpse of mysticism during Qajar era, the course of tariqa by Reza-Qoli Khan Hedayat, poetic style, the emotional and intellectual level of the poet, and the reflection of the mystical topics in his lyrics. Manuscript profile -
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80 - Analysis of Qalandariat and Related Topics in the Poetic and Prose works of Sheikh Ahmad-e Jaam
Jaanmohammad Afrazi Hamid Tabasi Abolghasem RaadfarSheikh Ahmad-e Jaam is one of the famous mystics of Great Khorasan. He has created several books, many of which have been destroyed. What we have from him falls into the two general categories of prose books and poetry collections, which, of course, are considered by ma MoreSheikh Ahmad-e Jaam is one of the famous mystics of Great Khorasan. He has created several books, many of which have been destroyed. What we have from him falls into the two general categories of prose books and poetry collections, which, of course, are considered by many to be poetry collections attributed to him. In this study, in order to confirm this hypothesis, the intellectual and ideological level reflected in the prose books and poetry collection with regard to the themes of Qalandariaat has been studied and explored. The reason for choosing Qalandariaat was that it has a pivotal and decisive role in reaching a convincing conclusion that the poetry collection belongs to Sheikh Jam or is attributed to him. This research has been done by descriptive-analytical method and based on library resources. The results of the research show that the frequency of Qalandari issues in the poetry collection is more diverse and includes such things as: pretending to be immoral; discrediting religion and rejecting the manifestations of Shariat; The name and the stigma are ignored. While Sheikh-e Jaam in his prose works has only mentioned such things as: criticizing the dishonest Sufis and the indebtedness of Inquisition, which are defined under the Qalandari religion. Overall, the obvious difference in the ideological level of Sheikh-e Jaam's views in the prose books and the poetry collection reinforces the hypothesis that these poems are attributed to him. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - A Study of Mystical Concepts in Emlaye Bukharaei’s Divan
Tahereh Safavinezhad Jalil Nazari Mohammadreza MasumiEmlaye Bukharaei is one of the mystical poets of the Vararoud region of Central Asia, who has followed a mystical path in the service of his elders and has reached the authorities with certainty. His lyric poems are full of mystical terms and mysteries. The purpose of t MoreEmlaye Bukharaei is one of the mystical poets of the Vararoud region of Central Asia, who has followed a mystical path in the service of his elders and has reached the authorities with certainty. His lyric poems are full of mystical terms and mysteries. The purpose of this article is to study the mystical concepts in Emlaye Bukharaei 's Divan which has been done in a library style and in a descriptive-analytical method. Content analysis of his lyric poems shows that he is influenced by great mystics such as Hafez and Molana in mystical path, love, confrontation of reason and love and the superiority of love over reason, anti-asceticism, rendezvous, tendency to predestination and piety. He composed his lyric poems following them. To express his experiences in the field of mysticism and Sufism, he has used mystical and symbolic words, terms and expressions such as Saqi, Zulf, Ab-e Hayat, Kharabat, Mey, Meikadeh, etc. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - طبیعت از دیدگاه روانشناختی و نگاه عرفانی مولوی در دیوان کبیر
fatemeh bayanfar یوسف عالی عباس آباد -
Open Access Article
83 - The Reflection of Mystic Religious Experiences on Hafiz Divan (Considering Sween Bern’s Theory
Masoumeh SadeghiReligion and mysticism have affected the human life for long. Within the last few centuries, the supplementary and critical out looks of the experts to these issues have been led to establishing specific fields at universities and some researchers have considered them. MoreReligion and mysticism have affected the human life for long. Within the last few centuries, the supplementary and critical out looks of the experts to these issues have been led to establishing specific fields at universities and some researchers have considered them. These theories should be applied more efficiently in order to determine their accuracy and reliability. Based on Sween Bern’s theory, the mystical experiences of the mystics are classified in five groups. Since Hafiz has been recognized as one of the most prominent Iranian figures in mysticism. In this research, the Sween Bern’s theory has been applied to extract and classify the mystical experiences from Hafiz Divan. The findings of this research indicate that the considered mystical experiences in Hafiz Divan are placed in the frame of Sween Bern’s theory. However, few points need to be explained Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Analysis of Qalandariat and Related Topics in the Poetic and Prose Works of Sheikh Ahmad-e Jām
Jaanmohammad Afrazi Hamid Tabasi Abolghasem RaadfarSheikh Ahmad-e Jām is one of the famous mystics of Great Khorasan. He has created several books, many of which have been destroyed. What we have from him falls into the two general categories of prose books and poetry collections, which, of course, are considered by man MoreSheikh Ahmad-e Jām is one of the famous mystics of Great Khorasan. He has created several books, many of which have been destroyed. What we have from him falls into the two general categories of prose books and poetry collections, which, of course, are considered by many to be poetry collections attributed to him. In this study, in order to confirm this hypothesis, the intellectual and ideological level reflected in the prose books and poetry collection with regard to Qalandari themes has been studied and explored. The reason for choosing Qalandariat was that it has a pivotal and decisive role in reaching a convincing conclusion that the poetry collection belongs to Sheikh Jām or is attributed to him. This research has been done by descriptive-analytical method and based on library resources. The results of the research show that the frequency of Qalandari issues in the poetry collection is more diverse and includes such things as: pretending to be immoral; discrediting religion and rejecting the manifestations of Shari’at. The name and the stigma are ignored. While Sheikh Jām in his prose works has only mentioned such things as: criticizing the Sufis and the indebtedness of Inquisition, which are defined under the Qalandari religion. Overall, the obvious difference in the ideological level of Sheikh Jām's views in the prose books and the poetry collection reinforces the hypothesis that these poems are attributed to him. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Epistemology of the Concepts of Pain and Pleasure in Faiz Kashani’s Lyrics
Mohammad Yusef Pour Mousa Kouros Karimpasandi Ahmad Karimi Seyed Hassan Seyed TorabiOne of the prominent categories in the divan of Faiz Kashani , is the concept of pain and pleasure.Faiz, regards the transcendental and sublime pain as the transformation conversion and sublimation of physical attributes into spiritual attributes, which make it an inter MoreOne of the prominent categories in the divan of Faiz Kashani , is the concept of pain and pleasure.Faiz, regards the transcendental and sublime pain as the transformation conversion and sublimation of physical attributes into spiritual attributes, which make it an internal flourishing and perfection of man kind.On the contrary , and gesia and virtual enjoys cause the mental and psychological imbalance, the bandit of remaining pleasures and ultimately causes the ruin, and waste of life.This article deals with the cincept of pain and pleasure in the Divan of Faiz Kashani , and also a course in the epostemic decoding of pained mystic about the importance of pain in path, the source of pain and pleasure, all sorts of pain and pleasure and Etc, and that human beings, through the rejection of the pain of the downfall, and the virtual and wordly pleasures,must bring real pain and burning within, to achieve true and lasting pleasure, which is the pleasure of joining and meeting God. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - آرکی تایپ و مفهوم عرفانی پل در مصیبتنامه عطار
Saedeh Sakientezami Malekmohamad Farokhzad Seyed ahmad Hoseinikazerooni -
Open Access Article
87 - کاربرد اصطلاحات عرفانی در غزلیات ابن حسام خوسفی
Fereshteh Khavari Habib Jadidoleslami Behrouz Roomiani -
Open Access Article
88 - Analysis of Love from the Perspective of Sheikh Ala'd-Dowlah Biyabanaki and Imam Khomein
Saeid Karkeabadi parvin dokht mash hoor Farzad Abbasi Mahbubeh ZiakhodadianLove is one of the fundamental issues of mysticism, so that without considering that mysticism and transcendental power, it is not comprehensible. In mystical literature, love has a high position; hence, much of the mystical literature is devoted to this subject. In mys MoreLove is one of the fundamental issues of mysticism, so that without considering that mysticism and transcendental power, it is not comprehensible. In mystical literature, love has a high position; hence, much of the mystical literature is devoted to this subject. In mystical literature, especially in the words of Sheikh Ala'd-dowlah and Imam Khomeini, which is the subject of this research, love can be viewed from the point of true love. The flow of love mysticism in the theoretical and practical aspects has the characteristics that in the poems of Ala'd-dowlah one can find out how he has been able to apply the flow of love mysticism in his poems and in comparison with the ideas of Imam Khomeini in this subject, one can get To the extent that the mystical mysticism of the poets of Khorasan has been able to influence the mystical votes of a contemporary mystic though differently. The claim and achievement of this research is that Imam Khomeini, as a mystic who emerged from the school of Ibn Arabi and Molla Sadrà , accepted the principles of the mysticism of Khorasan altogether in general, and especially in the case of his poems The other one expresses, but sometimes, especially in his poems, he has raised the same principles in another way, and is a common expression in Ibn Arabi's School, and influenced by the common approach in Shiite jurisprudence, to the principles of observing certain traditions of mysticism Love, like virtual love, has not paid much attention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Wisdom and love in Shah Nimatullah Wali’s poetry
Maryam Pahlavan Touraj Aghdaeie Hossein Aryan Heydar HasanluWisdom and love are two basic topic in Shah Nimatullah Wali’s poems. From Wali’s point of view love is such a divine gift placed in human’s inside. It is a medium to arrive to integrity and luck. The basic idea in Shah Nimatullah Wali’s doctrine MoreWisdom and love are two basic topic in Shah Nimatullah Wali’s poems. From Wali’s point of view love is such a divine gift placed in human’s inside. It is a medium to arrive to integrity and luck. The basic idea in Shah Nimatullah Wali’s doctrine is intuition, not logic. Pantheism is reflected frequently in his speech that is under the influence of Ibn Al- Arabi’s thoughts. Shah Wali disagree with materialistic nous and thrift like Attar Neishabury. He belives that wisdom can’t comprehend with love, and it is an abstacle (hijab) to arrive to cognition and true love. On the contrary, he belives that the Universal Intelect ( Aghl-e Kolli) is vicar of God. He worships it and belives that the Universal Intelect as the first creature acts as a collaborator for love. As a result, he confirms that Wisdom is combined to love and mystical madness and there is no conflict between them. This article has been collected by library style and has been processed by analytical and descriptive methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - The aesthetics of puns in the court of Shab al-Zarif
Esmaeil EslamiPunishment is one of the most important literary techniques and verbal arrays that increase the music of poetry and its beauty. Given the importance of this industry in the field of poetry and literature and its impact on the beauty of poetry, the present study is dedic MorePunishment is one of the most important literary techniques and verbal arrays that increase the music of poetry and its beauty. Given the importance of this industry in the field of poetry and literature and its impact on the beauty of poetry, the present study is dedicated to examining the beauty of puns in the poetry of one of the most powerful Arabic-speaking poets of the Syrian land named Shab Al-Zarif; Because this poet wrote pleasant and delicate poems and was very skilled in using all kinds of novel crafts to the extent that his poems were accepted by the literati. This research has been done in a descriptive-analytical manner and based on library studies. The result of the research shows that Shab Al-Zarif has used all kinds of puns in expressing his desired concepts and themes. He has used this array in different ways and in a very beautiful and desirable way in his divan and he has been very successful in this field. The use of this array has also had a great impact on the melody of the poem, the rhythm of the words, the strength of the link between word and meaning, increasing the musical aspect of the poem and finally attracting the audience. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - A look at the paradoxes of Khajoo Kermani's Divan
Pouran AlizadehParadox is one of the literary tricks that is present in oral speech, philosophy, logic and even areas of human life, and it is a poetic combination of two words that have a contradictory meaning and seem intellectually impossible. In literature, this trick is one of th MoreParadox is one of the literary tricks that is present in oral speech, philosophy, logic and even areas of human life, and it is a poetic combination of two words that have a contradictory meaning and seem intellectually impossible. In literature, this trick is one of the beautiful verbal arrangements that its beauty factor is in the astonishment that it creates in the mind of the audience. Khajoo Kermani is one of the powerful poets of the eighth century AH who has used this paradox very artistically in conveying concepts and themes; Therefore, the present study is dedicated to examining the paradox in Khajoo Divan. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical. The results show that Khajoo Kermani in his poetry collection looked at these paradoxes as one of the literary and poetic tricks and considered them from different angles and used various techniques in expressing these contrasting elements. And has provided the means to highlight his word. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Examining Salman Herati's poems from the point of view of content aesthetics
Mazaher Zamani NematsaraSalman Herati is one of the prominent contemporary poets who, by using simple language and creating pure and fresh compositions, was able to express many of his social and political, ritual, religious and idealistic concerns in his poems. He has never sacrificed the con MoreSalman Herati is one of the prominent contemporary poets who, by using simple language and creating pure and fresh compositions, was able to express many of his social and political, ritual, religious and idealistic concerns in his poems. He has never sacrificed the content and theme of his poems to the surface and external layers of the poem (rhyme and weight...), but his poems are always in terms of literary creations, melody, simple and clear language, careful choice of words, beautiful descriptions, imagination. Strong, the harmony of image and emotion, artistic and story techniques, the use of historical and mythological elements, and having a deep meaning and concept, have been worthy of attention. In this article, which is written in an analytical-descriptive way, attention is paid to the most significant content and conceptual expressions from the perspective of intellectual aesthetics in Salman Herati's poems. The obtained results show that Salman is interested in concepts and approaches such as idealism and libertarianism, ritual and religious attitudes, martyrdom and martyrdom, patriotism, revolution, manifestations of resistance and stability, nature, resurrection and death, love. , justice and anti-colonialism and some social components such as philanthropy have paid special attention, and among these things, religious and ritual themes as well as politeness have shown more special attention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Examine some stylistic features or poetic images In the poems of Hakim Sanai Ghaznavi
narjes keikha msood akbarizadeh behrooz romianiHakim Sanai Ghaznavi is one of the famous speakers of Iraqi style and mystical poetry who has left works of poetry and prose in his memory. done. The power of imagery is always a hallmark of a poet. Therefore, the present article is devoted to the study of poetic images MoreHakim Sanai Ghaznavi is one of the famous speakers of Iraqi style and mystical poetry who has left works of poetry and prose in his memory. done. The power of imagery is always a hallmark of a poet. Therefore, the present article is devoted to the study of poetic images (similes and metaphors) in Sanai poetry. In this article, poetry and imagination (image) are mentioned. The similes and metaphors of Hakim Sanaei's poems have been studied in terms of frequency, subject (pictorial elements), compactness and breadth, as well as in terms of the poet's purpose in bringing these images.Hakim Sanai Ghaznavi is one of the famous speakers of Iraqi style and mystical poetry who has left works of poetry and prose in his memory. done. The power of imagery is always a hallmark of a poet. Therefore, the present article is devoted to the study of poetic images (similes and metaphors) in Sanai poetry. In this article, poetry and imagination (image) are mentioned. The similes and metaphors of Hakim Sanaei's poems have been studied in terms of frequency, subject (pictorial elements), compactness and breadth, as well as in terms of the poet's purpose in bringing these images. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Aesthetics of four literary virtues in Diwan Shab al-Zarif
Esmaeil EslamiShab al-Zarif is one of the Syrian Arabic-language poets of the Mamluk period who was very skilled in the use of various genres and literary arrays. Among his beautiful and interesting arrays are four arrays: Hasan Tahir, Hassan Khatam, Hassan Tafam and Hassan Talil. In MoreShab al-Zarif is one of the Syrian Arabic-language poets of the Mamluk period who was very skilled in the use of various genres and literary arrays. Among his beautiful and interesting arrays are four arrays: Hasan Tahir, Hassan Khatam, Hassan Tafam and Hassan Talil. In the present research, these four literary virtues in Shab al-Zarif's Diwan are examined from the aspect of aesthetics. The author of the present essay has done it in a descriptive-analytical way and based on library studies and has come to the conclusion that Shab al-Zarif has used the four literary virtues: Hassan Tahir, Hassan Khatam, Hassan Tafam, and Hassan Talil in a very artistic way. These merits, Hasan Talil compared to other cases, due to being accompanied by expressive arrays such as similes and metaphors, are among the imaginative and imaginative forms of rhetoric. By taking advantage of these literary qualities, Shab al-Zarif has increased the grace and prosperity of his speech after establishing his speech and meeting the needs of the audience, and has finally attracted the attention of the audience. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - تأملی بر سبک مولانا در استخدام جری و تطبیق در استعارههای تأویلی قرآنی
mohammad ebrahim malmir leyla modiri -
Open Access Article
96 - Simile and Alphabetic Letters in Khaghani’s Poems
saeid kheir khah barzaki foruzan taviliSimile in Persian Poetry is considered as one of most obvious imageries and hasoccupied a special place in the poets works.There for, poets using their own surrounding phenomena, have widened the scope of the similes used in theirpoems. One of these phenomenais to use t MoreSimile in Persian Poetry is considered as one of most obvious imageries and hasoccupied a special place in the poets works.There for, poets using their own surrounding phenomena, have widened the scope of the similes used in theirpoems. One of these phenomenais to use the alphabet similar unto which a thingis likened, which is quite common in Irag style and afterwards. In this research with providing a prologue on simile and alphabet and a reference to some famous collection of poems, some exaples of this issue, especially from Khaghani’s poetical collection , have been rendered. In Khaghani’scollection , simile after metaphor is used a lot compared to the other imageries and other poets. Manuscript profile -
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97 - تحلیل آماری ویژگیهای سبکی و زیباشناختی در دیوان بیدل
abdollah nosrati -
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98 - تحلیل و بررسی کنایات دیوان دانش مشهدی
لیلا عدل پرور راضیه آقازاده -
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99 - fffegfgfegfd
mehdi nowrouz reza galili -
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100 - بررسی تطبیقی درونمایههای مشترک پروین اعتصامی و آندره ژید
فرشته السادات حسینی -
Open Access Article
101 - بررسی و تحلیل تطبیقی کارکردهای آرایۀ تضاد(طباق) در بوستان سعدی و دیوان متنبّی
حسین گیاهی حمیدرضا سلیمانیان حسن دلبری -
Open Access Article
102 - ظهور و بروز شهرها، سرزمینها و اعلام جغرافیایی در شعر حافظ شیرازی
محمد کشاورز بیضایی -
Open Access Article
103 - شیوۀ چینش اشعار در دیوان سایری
ثریا اسلامی خو محمد حکیم آذر اصغر رضاپوریان -
Open Access Article
104 - بررسی زمینههای کاربست تمثیل در دیوان باباافضل کاشانی
رضا جلیلی -
Open Access Article
105 - نقد قانون دیوان عدالت اداری از منظر اصول مشترک اخلاق اسلامی و آیین دادرسی
نادر مختاری افراکتی امیرحمزه سالارزایی محسن کرد تمینی -
Open Access Article
106 - مطالعه تطبیقی روشها و آیینهای صدور دستور اقدامات موقت قبل از تشکیل هیات داوری در 54 کشور جهان
الهه شهناز محمدرضا غلامپور -
Open Access Article
107 - The Role and Position Of Palestinian Women In The Poem Of Haroon Hashem Rashid (Case Study of Diwan Wardeh Ala Jabin Al-Quds)
Ali Khezri Simin Zeyaei The purpose of this study was to investigate the role and position of Palestinian women in the poet of Haroon Hashem Rashid. Regarding the important role of women in the fight scene, in this research it was attempted to examine the most importan More The purpose of this study was to investigate the role and position of Palestinian women in the poet of Haroon Hashem Rashid. Regarding the important role of women in the fight scene, in this research it was attempted to examine the most important aspects of women's persistence in the book of ' Wardeh Ala al-Jabin Al-Quds'. Haroon Hashem is a Palestinian poet who has paid special attention to presence of women and their perseverance in the path of resistance. The research method was descriptive-analytic and it was developed by reviewing. The results of this study, based on examination of available documents, showed that Haroon Hashem rarely expresses romantic feelings and emotions of women and their apparent beauty and most of his poetry themes were description of debasement rejection, responsibility and patience of Palestinian women. He believes that Palestinian women are symbol of patience and endurance and they never give up, and in the absence of their spouse, they bear the responsibility of growing up and educating their children to give an ideal generation to their community. Therefore, poet with true emotions kept his poetry away from material aspect and brough his poetic language closer to the virtuous poetry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - The Holly Quran Teachings On The Mirror Of Parvin Eaatesami Poetry
سهیلا Lovaimi فرخنده Bahamirian GhahfarokhiOne of the obvious features of Parvin Eaatesami’s works is the implication of blessing and brilliant verses of The Holly Quran in her poems that enhanced her poetry celibacy and magnificence which finally led her to be as one of the poets laureate in h MoreOne of the obvious features of Parvin Eaatesami’s works is the implication of blessing and brilliant verses of The Holly Quran in her poems that enhanced her poetry celibacy and magnificence which finally led her to be as one of the poets laureate in her prime of youth on the contemporary era. The mystery of Parvin Eaatesami celebrity in the contemporary Persian literature was due to her profound beliefs in The Holly Quran, her spiritual life, facts and practices. This superior attribution changed her poems into a firm ethical thesis and her works emerged as a school of etiquette and education. Because of her artistic talent she implied The Holly Quran words and verses and changed the verse into poetic work. In such a way she applied The Holly Quran stories and metaphoric to optimize the effects of her ethical advices. In this paper, the authors have attempted to consider and discussed The Holly Quran teaching that have been reflected in all Eaatesami poetry. Manuscript profile -
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109 - A framework for explaining a good governance system based on good governance in the Supreme Audit court
hamid julaei Adel Salavati Kiomars Ahmadi Ataullah MohammadiIn the new approach, performance management is a tool for implementing strategies, policies, and organizational goals in a good governance path. The main purpose of this research is to provide a performance management framework based on the components of good governance MoreIn the new approach, performance management is a tool for implementing strategies, policies, and organizational goals in a good governance path. The main purpose of this research is to provide a performance management framework based on the components of good governance in public organizations. The research is mixed and exploratory in terms of approach. In the qualitative part, the Delphi technique and in the quantitative part, the structural equation method is used to confirm the model. The statistical population is academic experts and auditors of the accounting court. In the qualitative part, 10 academic experts and in the quantitative part, the statistical population was the managers and auditors of the Computing Court. Using the Cochran formula 140 people were selected as the sample. In this research, the model of performance management as a baseline was evaluated and finally, the level of institutionalization of values was added to the overall framework and final model as the overall result of the research. The findings of the study confirm all the components of strategic, operational, human resources and institutional level of performance management values as important and influential variables in presenting a good governance based performance management framework. The percentages obtained in standard and absolute values of the t-statistic as well as the GOF = 0/69 indicate confirmation of the robustness of the final model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - The relationship between God and man in the works of Jami
zahra ghezelsofla akbar shaebani mohammad fazeliGod, as the creator of man, has been in contact with him from the beginning of man's creation, and this relationship has expanded with the entry into the universe. The relationship between man and God and the mutual presence of this kind of relationship is one of the fu MoreGod, as the creator of man, has been in contact with him from the beginning of man's creation, and this relationship has expanded with the entry into the universe. The relationship between man and God and the mutual presence of this kind of relationship is one of the fundamental issues in the field of Islamic mysticism. Man, as the Ashraf of creatures, has a valuable position among all of God's creations, which has given God special attention and attention to this caliph. Most artists, especially Persian poets, have dedicated their work to the relationship between man and the absolute Creator. Jami is one of the most prominent figures in Persian literature who seeks to address all aspects of his personality, precision, study, and exuberance with sufficient mastery over certain sciences.The relationship between God and man is one of the key points in Jami's poetry. The present study, with a descriptive-analytical approach, examines the relationship between God and man and analyzes the concepts related to this field in Jami'ah poetry. The results of this study indicate that the relationship between God and man in Jami'ah poetry has been applied in three ways: 1. Revelation, Verses, and Apocalyptic Verses 2. Creation and guidance 3. Manuscript profile -
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111 - Introducing the manuscript of Hazin Shirvani's Hedayat nameh and examining its stylistic features
ayat shokatiAbdur Rahim Shirvani was one of the speakers of the Qajar period. The copy of Diwan includes three works by him (Diwan, Safa-al-Qulob and Hedayat-nameh), which were written in the 12th century, in the handwriting of his son, Mirza Asadullah, during his lifetime, and are MoreAbdur Rahim Shirvani was one of the speakers of the Qajar period. The copy of Diwan includes three works by him (Diwan, Safa-al-Qulob and Hedayat-nameh), which were written in the 12th century, in the handwriting of his son, Mirza Asadullah, during his lifetime, and are kept as a unique copy in the National Library of Tabriz. It can be The present article, with the aim of introducing and examining the stylistic features of Hedayat-nameh, with a documentary-descriptive and statistical method and based on library studies, aims to answer the question, what are the most obvious stylistic features of Hedayat-nameh? The author aims to introduce it and examine its features of calligraphy and style in three linguistic, intellectual and literary levels. The present work is a fictional work, the most important story of which is the story of Prophet Ibrahim and the slaughter of his son, Ismail, which was written under the title Zabih Namah. The findings of the research are based on the fact that the guidance letter was a draft copy that was written in two weights from the sub-collection of Bahr Hazaj. Only 10% of its verses are pure. Some defects of rhyme can be seen in it. Due to the inclusion of religious and mystical content, it can be useful for literary, religious, historical and mystical researches. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - Necessity and Importance of Re-editing Bābā-Faghānī Shīrāzī’s Dīvān
Nadereh nafisiBābā-Faghānī Shīrāzī is one of the poets of the second half of the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century, who has been called "Little Hafiz" due to his fame in writing lyric poetry (ghazal). The Dīvān of this poet was first published in 1937 in Lahore and t MoreBābā-Faghānī Shīrāzī is one of the poets of the second half of the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century, who has been called "Little Hafiz" due to his fame in writing lyric poetry (ghazal). The Dīvān of this poet was first published in 1937 in Lahore and then in 1961 by Aḥmad Soheilī Khānsārī in Tehran. Soheilī once again re-edited and republished this Dīvān in 1340 based on the other newfound manuscripts. In the introduction to this edition, he mentions that he has taken "utmost care" in editing this Dīvān. However, the comparison of this edition with authentic manuscripts indicates that the editor has made many mistakes in editing this text. In this edition, there are also lyric poems that are also attributed to Hilālī Jaghatā’ī with a slight difference. Bābā-Faghānī’s poetry until two centuries after his death, has been the model of poets in Iran and the Indian Subcontinent, and almost all of these poets have written a number of their lyric poems in the zamīn of Bābā-Faghānī’s lyric poems. But to date, there is no credible edition of Bābā-Faghānī's Dīvān. In the present article, the author attempts to show that this edition because of misreading and unspecified editing method is not a critical and scientific edition. Manuscript profile -
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113 - The constellations and the science of astronomical rulings related to it in the Sanaei court
Ahmad Rustae Shalmani Ahmad ZakeriAstronomers have made predictions about the motion of the planets and perchging their orbits in the celestial belt, arguing this prediction based on the science or art of astronomical rules technique. In the definition of this industry, it has been said that recognizing MoreAstronomers have made predictions about the motion of the planets and perchging their orbits in the celestial belt, arguing this prediction based on the science or art of astronomical rules technique. In the definition of this industry, it has been said that recognizing the quality of the argument is based on the rotation of the heavens and the study of the towers and the motion of the stars, on what the moon heaven minister will be found before it is found. This knowledge has a very long history in the field of human knowledge, its history goes back to the ancient Babylonians and then to the Greeks, who played a significant role in its development. The knowledge of the rules of astronomy, which was initially the exclusive domain of astronomers and mathematicians, gradually expanded to the field of other sciences, so that even physicians in some eras used astronomy to treat their patients. Also, poets were not unaware of this knowledge and in the early periods of Persian poetry until the seventh and eighth centuries, they used it in their poems and created themes to express pride than other poets. The rulings related to the zodiac or the rulings related to each of the twelve towers or the famous stars in each of the towers, in the Sanaei court, have a special effect that we these meanings examined and studied under various headings as follows. Manuscript profile -
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114 - The emergence of politics in Hafez's thought
Rohollah Eslami Fatemeh ZolfagharianIranian thinkers always tried to maintain the order of society intellectually in critical situations. The more political and social conditions become critical. One of the horrible conditions of Iranian society was the Mongol invasion and the collapse of the theoretical MoreIranian thinkers always tried to maintain the order of society intellectually in critical situations. The more political and social conditions become critical. One of the horrible conditions of Iranian society was the Mongol invasion and the collapse of the theoretical and social elements of Iranian society. Killings, looting, rape, destruction of heritage disappeared in the invasion of desert tribes. Elites such as Saadi, Hafez, Obaid, Jovini, and Khajeh Nasir tried in various ways to save the politically and economically fragmented intellectual and cultural structure. Hafez is one of the thinkers who, due to being in the tradition of Iranian mysticism, does not consciously represent the state and socio-political power, but political and linguistic thought in the form of linguistic unconscious, crystallization of identity and interpretable linguistic ideals. . And most importantly, it shows its reliance on truth, joy and love in the form of a struggle against a powerful, sad and hypocritical language. For this purpose, to study politics in Hafez's court, the phenomenological method has been chosen, which appears in the phenomenological method of various thought forms, and the phenomenologist's job is to identify the backgrounds of identity, language and structures that relate different signs and symbols to cultural backgrounds. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - International Criminal Court Advocacy Procedure for Child Sexual Victimization
Reyhaneh Zandi Ali MolabeygiAmong victims of international crimes, children and adolescents need more support because they are growing mentally and physically and their personality has not been properly formed. Among these, victims of sexual assault are at greater risk, such as repeated abuse, fut MoreAmong victims of international crimes, children and adolescents need more support because they are growing mentally and physically and their personality has not been properly formed. Among these, victims of sexual assault are at greater risk, such as repeated abuse, future crime, prostitution, expulsion from society and various sexually transmitted diseases. The leading research by library method seeks to find the level of attention of international criminal court to the sexual abuse of children and also the types of support provided to them in this court. Findings of the study show that the International Criminal Court pays more attention to this issue than other. However, there are still many gaps and weaknesses in the Court's performance and there is a long distance from the theoretical approach to the practical procedure of the Court, which makes it necessary to balance the goals of the Court's proceedings and follow the example of some international judicial institutions in some cases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - بررسی جایگاه اصل حسن نیت در موضوع اختلاف علیه روسیه در دیوان بینالمللی دادگستری
Abdul Majid Mehdizadeh mohammad hadi soleimanianGood faith is one of the fundamental principles of international law. This principle is among the multi-layered and complex concepts that have always been discussed both in doctrine and in the practice of the International Court of Justice and other international judici MoreGood faith is one of the fundamental principles of international law. This principle is among the multi-layered and complex concepts that have always been discussed both in doctrine and in the practice of the International Court of Justice and other international judicial authorities. Court judges have also discussed and cited the concept of good faith in their separate opinions on different occasions. The case of Ukraine against Russia is one of the latest lawsuits filed in the International Court of Justice regarding the interpretation and implementation of the Convention on the Prohibition of Genocide. In this article, using the analytical-descriptive method and referring to legal sources and the judgment of the International Court of Justice, while analyzing the case, the position of good faith in the judgment issued by the court in this case has been examined and the results obtained indicate that the International Court of Justice , citing the principle of good faith in the settlement of international claims, has played an effective role in the development of international law Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Examining the rights of witnesses in Iran's criminal law system with a view to the International Criminal Court
امین امیریان فارسانی ZEINB BANIASDITestimony is known as one of the evidences to prove a lawsuit or the fastest way to access evidences in legal systems, and its performance at different stages of proceedings is a manifestation of the cooperation of citizens and the community with the enforcement of crim MoreTestimony is known as one of the evidences to prove a lawsuit or the fastest way to access evidences in legal systems, and its performance at different stages of proceedings is a manifestation of the cooperation of citizens and the community with the enforcement of criminal justice in finding the truth. Undoubtedly, the discovery of the truth as much as it makes the victims and the plaintiffs hope for justice, it makes the accused and the criminals angry and arouses a sense of revenge in them. And this retaliation against the witnesses due to the testimony of the perpetrators of the crimes makes it necessary to protect the witnesses. In this regard, witnesses can be supported by adopting different support methods, especially preventive measures before and during the proceedings and even after. Witnesses also have rights in the judicial process, which should be considered in comparison with the rights of other persons involved in the case. The present study examines the measures and witness rights in Iran's legal system with a brief look at the procedure of the International Criminal Court, which supports financial, mental security and physical security of the witness, including the mechanisms designed to encourage witnesses to cooperate with the criminal justice system, and in this regard, measures such as concealing the identity of the witness, physical protection from the witness, honoring, changing the job and place of residence and Compensation for the damages caused to the witness will benefit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - Tax violations in the European Court of Human Rights
mohammad reza yosefiOne of the achievements of human rights and the initiative of the European Court of Human Rights is the concept of criminal matters. One of the important elements of the application of Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights, which includes the criterion of MoreOne of the achievements of human rights and the initiative of the European Court of Human Rights is the concept of criminal matters. One of the important elements of the application of Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights, which includes the criterion of fair trial, is the entry of the guarantee of the implementation of the provision into the criminal matters. In the law of direct taxes, there is a guarantee of executions for tax violations, which in case of entering the criminal matters, it will be necessary to observe the principles of fair proceedings. The main question of this research is to compare the criminal scope of tax violations in Iran's legal system with the practice of the European Court of Human Rights. In order to answer this question, we will first discuss the concept of criminal matters and its criteria, then guarantee the implementation of the aforementioned violations, and finally, the procedures related to dealing with this type of violations. Manuscript profile -
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119 - Investigating the effect of pollutants on the health and water quality of the Diwaniyah River in Iraq
Hassnein Nahi Al-Khazali Seyed Mohammad Hashemi Mohammad JavanbakhtThe purpose of this study is to investigate the water quality of the Diwaniyah River in Iraq based on environmental criteria and Its health status is usually monitored by periodic tests of a river water sample. Sampling was performed at two points located in the north a MoreThe purpose of this study is to investigate the water quality of the Diwaniyah River in Iraq based on environmental criteria and Its health status is usually monitored by periodic tests of a river water sample. Sampling was performed at two points located in the north and south of the river in two seasons of spring and summer. Temperature, electrical conductivity, acidity, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, total soluble solids, suspended solids, alkali metals, turbidity, nutrients, heavy elements and bacterial status were measured. Analysis of variance test to investigate the effect of time and place on the test results showed that time (season) has an effect on water temperature and oxygen and except for the temperature and the amount of oxygen, none of the measured values are a function of place and time and are at the standard level. The status of the parameters is normal according to the standards of the World Health Organization (WHO) as well as the national standards of Iran, the United States and the European Union.The proximity of laboratory values to the limit of departure from the standards, has raised concerns about the current situation that if the growth of pollution sources, river water will be unusable. Controlling and monitoring the entry of various sewage and municipal waste and repairing drainages are the most important measures for the Diwaniyah River. Manuscript profile -
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120 - A comparative study of ideas of Naser khosrow and Schlegel brothers on "poetic view of the World" based on philosophy of plotinus
Ehsan Koosha Aliasqar HalabiIn some schools, philosophical and poetic views are mixed to interpret the World and its phenomena, and introduced some works with philosophical and poetic content. In this research, the views of Naser Khosrow (394-481 A.H) and The Schlegel brothers Friedrich (1772-1829 MoreIn some schools, philosophical and poetic views are mixed to interpret the World and its phenomena, and introduced some works with philosophical and poetic content. In this research, the views of Naser Khosrow (394-481 A.H) and The Schlegel brothers Friedrich (1772-1829 A.D) and A.W (1767-1845 A.D) (two founders of Romantic school) are studied in the way of comparative study, in the field of poetic views. Our purpose is to show the similarities and differences between the ideas of these thinkers as the represents of two culture of Iran and Germany on poetic view of the World. Regarding to the fact that Iran and Germany introduced some great poets to the human society, such studies seem necessary. The comparative study shows that how they try to draw their subjective & ideal world and interpret them by use of combination of philosophical and poetic views. To describe the beauties of the world and try to show the root of them in the heaven, is the most similarity between them and the difference in the philosophical and theological view, is the most difference between them. This study is done with take a look to the views of Alexandrian Plotinus (A neoplatonic philosopher) because we can obviously see the important ideas of this philosopher in the works of Naser Khosrow and The Schlegel brothers. This research has been done by the descriptive, analytic, comparative method through the studying in the library, taking notes; and ordering, comparing and analyzing the notes. Manuscript profile -
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121 - A Study of Jami's Opinions on "Special Prophecy" in the Divan of Poetry with an Approach to the Basics of Islamic Theology
hashem bahraminia Dr.farzad abbasi Dr.mahdi nowrooz Dr.Mahboobeh zia Nooruddin Abdul Rahman Jami is one of the prominent figures in the field of Islamic sciences in Greater Khorasan. He has left various works in various fields of literature, mysticism, religion, etc., which shows the extent of his awareness. Among these works is t More Nooruddin Abdul Rahman Jami is one of the prominent figures in the field of Islamic sciences in Greater Khorasan. He has left various works in various fields of literature, mysticism, religion, etc., which shows the extent of his awareness. Among these works is the Divan of Poetry, which can be read and analyzed from various dimensions, especially the reflection of theological issues. In this paper, relying on the descriptive-analytical method and library resources, Jami's theological views on the category of "special prophecy" in this work are examined. The results of the research show that Jami did not have a special commitment to any theological school and often used the theoretical foundations of Shia (more) and Ash'ari and Mu'tazilite (less) theology in explaining his views. The closeness of Jami's views to the standards of Shia theology can be justified by his inclinations toward Shafei jurisprudence, which is the closest Sunni group to Shiism. His most important views on the subject of "special prophecy" are: the relationship between the resurrection of the Prophet and the guidance and happiness of human beings; the superiority of Muhammad over all creatures; Muhammad, the main purpose of creation; Being a divine grace, being a trustworthy person; miracles (the Qur'an and other miracles); being the seal of the prophets and being in the forefront of creation. Manuscript profile -
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122 - Ancient Analysis of Mystical Patterns and Symbols in Divine hayati Kermani Approach to Jung's Psychological Theory
Mohammad Sanjari Nejad . Abolghasem RadfarArcheological criticism is a new way of examining literary texts. Jung has further consolidated this approach by critiquing and describing the two categories of collective unconscious and archangel. Archangels are a common heritage of human civilization stored in the co MoreArcheological criticism is a new way of examining literary texts. Jung has further consolidated this approach by critiquing and describing the two categories of collective unconscious and archangel. Archangels are a common heritage of human civilization stored in the collective unconscious. Jung's exemplary forms are termed fixed in Islamic mysticism. According to Jung, archetypes are symbolic representations and images that, in myths and cultures, embody common and similar concepts in the human unconscious over time. Persian poetry is influenced by historical, mystical, and mythical backgrounds. The influence of these elements on the poetry of later poets can be seen more than any other period because of the popularity of today's poetry. Poetry and myth are inseparable, and myth makes words and poetry flourish. hayaty of abstract and intuitive ideas is derived from the mystical teachings of earlier poets. In the divane hayaty in addition to the key role of the symbols, the normative and delusional allusions are most effective in highlighting the passages, and in his poetry, archetypes are rooted in collective unconsciousness. In this poem, with interpretation and interpretation, the poet recounts part of the truth, and archetypes such as fire, sun, mirror, sea, travel, interpretation and interpretation have been interpreted. The main purpose of this descriptive-analytical research is to examine the reflection of mythical, religious and mystical elements in hayaty Kerman's poems. Manuscript profile -
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123 - Metodat e ndikimit të Mohammd Ikbal Lahorit në mënyrën e përshtatjes nga Kurani Famëlartë
Ali Zaboli Mehdi Abadi Ahmad Sadeghian aboalghasem asi moznab The manifestation of the divine word in poetry becomes its source of freshness, depth and stability, and the more fruitful the literary work is than the transcendent concepts, the greater its power of influence and influence. Iqbal Lahori is one of the prominent c More The manifestation of the divine word in poetry becomes its source of freshness, depth and stability, and the more fruitful the literary work is than the transcendent concepts, the greater its power of influence and influence. Iqbal Lahori is one of the prominent contemporary poets in using the verses of the Quran who has used the verses of the Quran extensively in his poems in various ways. Array of solution and adaptation is one of the most important and effective literary industries in rhetoric and has been used in Iqbal's poetry in various ways that are effective in understanding concepts. Due to the high frequency of this array and its various forms of application, the need for this research is felt. This research, in a descriptive-analytical way, and library tools, seeks to analyze Iqbal poems in which the industry of solving and adapting has been formed using the verses of the Qur'an, and the methods of influencing and interpreting Iqbal from the Qur'an in the ways of using this array. Explore its various semantic aspects and its rhetorical secrets and mysteries. The results of the research show that the rhetoric of the Qur'an, in addition to the effect it has had on Iqbal's thought and language, has also played a significant role in the evolution of all kinds of allusions and guarantees in Iqbal's poetry. Manuscript profile -
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124 - Frequency Measurement of Indian Style Characteristics in the Works of Mir Mohammad Momen Astarabadi
Shima Sadat Sharif AlHosseini Kobra Nodehi Vahid Royani As a valuable heritage, Persian manuscripts have made an important contribution to the preservation of Iranian culture and civilization. Mir Mohammad Momin Estrabadi, a sage, architect, poet, and writer of the 10th and 11th centuries AH, has left behind his work More As a valuable heritage, Persian manuscripts have made an important contribution to the preservation of Iranian culture and civilization. Mir Mohammad Momin Estrabadi, a sage, architect, poet, and writer of the 10th and 11th centuries AH, has left behind his works including Divan Shaari. This diwan is kept as a single copy in the "Royal Library of Golestan Palace" under number 459, which is registered as a manuscript of "Khayyam's quatrains" due to the similarity of its quatrains with Khayyam's quatrains. Diwan of Mir Mohammad Momen Estrabadi is one of the precious manuscripts that has remained unknown until now, and correcting this manuscript is very important in order to know his character and position and to familiarize himself with his poetic style and thoughts. This research is dedicated to the investigation and analysis of the poetic style of Divan Mir Mohammad Momen Astarabadi with a descriptive-analytical method. The scope and statistical population of the study are the manuscripts of his divan, which has been corrected by the author. His divan consists of quatrains, odes, ghazals, and pieces, of course, most of it is dedicated to quatrains. According to the results, the poetry style of Mir Mohammad Momen Astarabadi is very close to the Indian style, and in terms of content, language and literature, there are many features of the Indian style in his poetry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Investigation and comparison of peripheral and psychic states in the poems of Alaadullah Biabanki
, Saeed Karkabadi, mashoor Parvin Dokht, Farzad, Abbasi Mahboubeh Zia KhodadadianOne of the issues that the mysticism of all nations revolves around is the issue of discovery and intuition. In general, mystical revelations in the Divan of Ala al-Dawla Biyabanki can be divided into two categories: formal and spiritual discovery and intuition, and eac MoreOne of the issues that the mysticism of all nations revolves around is the issue of discovery and intuition. In general, mystical revelations in the Divan of Ala al-Dawla Biyabanki can be divided into two categories: formal and spiritual discovery and intuition, and each of them has its types. These formal and spiritual revelations in some respects with the theory of W.T. Stacey is applicable to discovery and intuition. In this research, the revelations of Ala al-Dawlah based on formal and spiritual conditions have been studied and then their common features such as feeling of trust, objectivity, happiness, etc. have been explained. Of course, in some of these cases, Stacey's view differs or is not compatible with some of the characteristics of Islamic revelation. In addition, the specific characteristics of formal and spiritual states have been studied, and we have finally come to the conclusion that the revelations of Ala 'al-Dawlah, in addition to conforming to some patterns of Western mysticism, are unique in their kind and in some ways superior to Western mysticism. In this research, the author also tries to answer the question of descriptive-analytical method and library method whether the poems of Ala Al-Dawlah, in spite of their abundance, expressions related to discovery and intuition, adaptability and classification in the field of literary type "Literature" Does it have "prophecies and revelations" or not? Manuscript profile -
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126 - Examining the Elements of Intuitive Curriculum Learning Based on the Aesthetic Exploration of the Divan Hafez
fatemeh taheri narges keshtiara maryam sadat ranjbar seyed hashem golestaniThis study was conducted to determine the pattern of intuitive curriculum design based on the aesthetic review of Divan Hafez and the qualitative hermeneutical analysis of all available print and electronic resources used to collect the information. Data analysis was pe MoreThis study was conducted to determine the pattern of intuitive curriculum design based on the aesthetic review of Divan Hafez and the qualitative hermeneutical analysis of all available print and electronic resources used to collect the information. Data analysis was performed using deductive categorization system and results were divided into goals, resources, and teaching-learning strategies in the form of axial categories. The intuitive curriculum model enables all planners and practitioners of the country's education to take a fresh look at the elements of the country's curriculum at all levels, and most importantly the postgraduate courses as well, Have doctoral and postdoctoral degrees and use rich literary, artistic, and mystical resources as teaching and guidance resources in education. Education, with this understanding, will come to the discovery of transcendental meanings in the shadow of boundless and endless inner knowledge as the infallible source of truth. This research is an attempt to open the door to the amazing world of intuitive education. Manuscript profile -
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127 - Barmakeh and the factors of conflicts in Arab and Iranian in Abhusids aron s Age
amir akbariBeing supported by Irnnians, Abbasids took the power as a result, they paid special attention to jrnnian ministers. Among Iranian ministers in abasids covert, al barmak and al sahl families were of significant position. The social and scientific valve of barmack MoreBeing supported by Irnnians, Abbasids took the power as a result, they paid special attention to jrnnian ministers. Among Iranian ministers in abasids covert, al barmak and al sahl families were of significant position. The social and scientific valve of barmacks and their supporting Iranians made Arabs envious, those who feared Iranians power and influence. The competition caused many conspiracies against barmaks and finally led to their collapse. The study of causes of the collapse and the competition among Iranians and Arabs to take power in abnsids court is one of the most important political issues in early part of Abbasids era. Yahya barmkys struyyle to put haron in power resulted in his and his children stalling power . yahya was the first minister, who signed decrees on behalf of the khalif, fazl was very popular because of his good behavior. Jafar was khalifs company and trustee Manuscript profile -
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128 - sds
ebrahim bavafadd -
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129 - The ministery of Khajeh Ghavam-Al-Din Nezam -Al –Molk KHafi during the sultan Hossian Bayqara Timouri (911-875)
amirtemour rafeeiKHajeh Qavam –AL-Din Nezam –Al-Molk KHafi ,the son of Molana SHahab AL –Din Ismaeel ,was one of Soltan Hussein Mirza Bayqara the Timurid vizier who spend about thirty years of his life in financial and governmental affairs. His administerative activiti MoreKHajeh Qavam –AL-Din Nezam –Al-Molk KHafi ,the son of Molana SHahab AL –Din Ismaeel ,was one of Soltan Hussein Mirza Bayqara the Timurid vizier who spend about thirty years of his life in financial and governmental affairs. His administerative activities bgan at the time of Abolghasem Babur Mirza the governor of Heart (853 -861 A.H),and after that he became one of the servants of Sultan Abu Saeed Gurcani(855 -873 A.H). He began his activity as a vizier in 855 a.m when Sultan Hussain Mirza came to the throne of Heart . he was murdered by the order of Timurid Sultan,was one of the viziers of A,Ala Divan in Heart in 903AH. His long Visarat cause political disputes and grounings in the Timurid governmental structure. Infact,his death was the result of political and religious disputes between Turks and Tajics. Sultan Hossein Mirza Bayghara couldnot control the disorganized internalsitution.internal rebels and then Uzbek invaders. Their interference family disputes between Timurid princes worsened the situation. With the death of Sultan Hossein in 911 AH no competent successor was left in Timurid family to prevent the fall of Heart to Uzbaks in 913 AM. Manuscript profile -
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130 - Fatimid marine fleet in Mediterranean
hamidreza VerdiAbstract: Fatimid dynasty came to power with efforts made by Ishmaelite rebels in North Africa in 912AD (297hegira) and joined Egypt to this sovereignty in 972AD (358hegira). Following to conquest of Egypt and access to affluent wealth of this region, their expansionis MoreAbstract: Fatimid dynasty came to power with efforts made by Ishmaelite rebels in North Africa in 912AD (297hegira) and joined Egypt to this sovereignty in 972AD (358hegira). Following to conquest of Egypt and access to affluent wealth of this region, their expansionist objectives were also formed for which marine fleet was one of the requirements. The main question is that why and how Fatimid established marine fleet in Mediterranean Sea and to what extent they succeeded in this regard. The present essay is intended to express various aspects of maritime organization and developing of their activity in the maritime course in order to expand cultural and political influence in Mediterranean Sea. Given the Fatimid have benefitted from all their potential to expand power and influence in Mediterranean zone in order to prove legitimacy of their caliphate, it can be concluded that the Fatimid inaugurated maritime fleet equipped with types of ships and shipbuilding instruments and workshops for stabilizing of this caliphate and developing power of their government so that this fleet has served for their cultural, economic, political and military goals in Mediterranean Sea and other surrounding waters from ninth to twelfth AD centuries. Keywords: Corps bureau, Fleet, Maritime equipment, Workshop, Element of corps Manuscript profile -
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131 - The economic organization of Fatemiyan
hamidreza VerdiThe Economic organizations of Fatemiyan Abstract: Fatimid government (Caliphate) was established at North Africa in 909 AD (297 hegira) and it took power in Egypt in less than seventy years and consolidated the foundations of their government promptly. The present ess MoreThe Economic organizations of Fatemiyan Abstract: Fatimid government (Caliphate) was established at North Africa in 909 AD (297 hegira) and it took power in Egypt in less than seventy years and consolidated the foundations of their government promptly. The present essay is written in order to examine economy of Fatimid caliphate and its effect on stability of their government for more than two and a half century (909-1171) that has been conducted by librarian method and through referring to the valid sources of information. The major hypothesis of this is that the Fatimid could expand their political influence by means of an economic system based on trade, agriculture, and taxation and claim for caliphate over the entire Islamic world. The studied subject is that how Fatimid’s economic system operated and what financial sources they have employed for providing economic requirements and expansion of their sovereignty in Egypt and what objectives they had considered in their mind for developing these sources to acquire revenue. At last, it is expressed as conclusion that the Fatimid have benefitted from an effective and profitable economy in order to develop their political, social, ideological, and for survival of their government. Keywords: Bureaucracy, Economic history, Egyptian trade, Egyptian tax, Agriculture Manuscript profile -
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132 - The position of Iranian bureaucrats in the structure of the Abbasid caliphate(Bramke-Al Sahl family)
fatemeh parsafar Mohammad Sepehri nematallah ahmadinasabThe Abbasids, who had reached the caliphate with the support of the Iranians, paid special attention to the Iranian bureaucrats for the administration of the Islamic empire. Among the Iranian ministers of the Abbasid court, the two families of Al-Barmak and Al-Sahl had MoreThe Abbasids, who had reached the caliphate with the support of the Iranians, paid special attention to the Iranian bureaucrats for the administration of the Islamic empire. Among the Iranian ministers of the Abbasid court, the two families of Al-Barmak and Al-Sahl had a very high and impressive position.The scientific and social credibility of the Bermakians, along with their support of the Iranians, caused the anger and jealousy of the Arabs, who were afraid of the presence and power of the Iranians. Among the reasons for the increasing influence of Iranians among the Abbasids, two reasons are more prominent: firstly, because of the skill and background of the Iranians in the art of circuitous government, and secondly, that Khorasan was governed by local Iranian rulers. Therefore, it was necessary for Ma'mun to follow a conciliatory policy in order to gain their satisfaction. Based on what was said, the central question of the current research is what position did the Iranian bureaucrats have in the structure of the Abbasid Caliphate?The assumption of the research is that the Iranian bureaucrats, including the Bramke family and the Sahl family, practically took over all the political powers of the government and managed the affairs according to their opinion due to their influence in the Abbasid caliphate. The current research is based on library method and descriptive-analytical method Manuscript profile -
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133 - Study the structure of judgement court of ilkhannan era on basis of DASTOOR AL-KATEB FI TAYEEN AL-MARATEB
zahra afarineshDastur-al-Kateb fi Taaein-al-Marateb written by Mohammed ebn-e- Hendo-shah nakh javani one of the unique traces inlettering and inscription formalities In 8th century. This book is a pattern of dministrative scribes in the Ilkhanan period.in t MoreDastur-al-Kateb fi Taaein-al-Marateb written by Mohammed ebn-e- Hendo-shah nakh javani one of the unique traces inlettering and inscription formalities In 8th century. This book is a pattern of dministrative scribes in the Ilkhanan period.in the samples of administrative letters, some of the letters is related to judgment court, judicial duties, lawyers and other court staffs. Drowing the structure of judgement court with the help of these rules and letters and matching them with the other resources ofthis period is the main aim of this research Manuscript profile -
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134 - gf
rajab ali vsughe motlaghghjgghjg Manuscript profile -
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135 - Amir Ali SHirNavaei and his political and cultural Role at the age Of Timurid
amir temori ehteram asfene frahaneAmir Nezam Al DIN, Ali SHirNavaei , The son Of Amir KichkenehBahador, was born in Herat in 844 (AH) Turk Family. he serviced As the governor of Herat,forAbulGHasem Babar in Horassan.at the same time for the efection to SoltanHossainBayqarawich he had from hi MoreAmir Nezam Al DIN, Ali SHirNavaei , The son Of Amir KichkenehBahador, was born in Herat in 844 (AH) Turk Family. he serviced As the governor of Herat,forAbulGHasem Babar in Horassan.at the same time for the efection to SoltanHossainBayqarawich he had from his youth, and both of them studidi in the same school ,joined the Timuridhings. After AbulGHasem Babar’s death,he continued his studies in Mashhad.in order to gain power ,SoltanHussain went to Maiv, and Amir Ali AHir went to Samarkend at the age of Abu Saeid and studied in the school of HGajeFazl Allah Abulleishi,after that until Sultan Husseain a sized power in Herat (873 A.M)Amir Ali SHir served him.from the onest of Sultan Hussain rule ,he became one of his most important Amirs and counseors. He was in charge or keeping the great sel of Homayoon, and then was appointed ss the KKing emirates positions in Timuridsgovernment.heplyed a very important role in political and cultural stability Bayqara’s government and also he had a grea status in the history and literature of Iran, and improving ooettry and art in Heratin the ninth century (AH). He also played a great reole in promoting Turk language and literature. Manuscript profile -
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136 - Divan Resalat and it’s Function in the Khwarazm Shahid’s Divan
Ebrahim BavafaDivan Resalat was part of administratiue system (Divansalary) of Khawrazmshahian which consisted the Divans letter, Manshur, Fath-nameh and Sogand nameh . The head of divan Resalat was choosen by the king and from among famous court men and famous scientists. Its main MoreDivan Resalat was part of administratiue system (Divansalary) of Khawrazmshahian which consisted the Divans letter, Manshur, Fath-nameh and Sogand nameh . The head of divan Resalat was choosen by the king and from among famous court men and famous scientists. Its main responsibility was making diplomatic connectin between diferrent sections of gouermet and other country Rashid – Adin Vatvat was on of the most famous of Divan in this period. He not only did his job very well, but also he could develop the kharzamian scintific and administration system as well. Yaghub Ibn-Shirin Jandi,Baha Al-din Baghdadi and Nasavi were other gteat Dabirs in Kharazmshahid’s .In this work,it’s tried to study Divan Resalat and it’s function in administration system of Kharazm shahids . Manuscript profile -
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137 - The role and status of first minister during 11th AH/17th AD
Abolhassan mobayenThe post of first minister during two and half centuries in the Safavid era experienced different phases. At the beginning of the dynasty the deputy (Vakil) had a vast power after the king. Gradually the deputy lost the power and ,since the time of Abbas I, the head of MoreThe post of first minister during two and half centuries in the Safavid era experienced different phases. At the beginning of the dynasty the deputy (Vakil) had a vast power after the king. Gradually the deputy lost the power and ,since the time of Abbas I, the head of bureaucracy or first minister, as was usual in Iran, was the most powerful after the king. During the second half of the Safavid era, the kings' being young and inexperienced increased the power of the first minister. The Safavid's kings depended strongly on their first ministers for their advice and decisions. The increasing power of the first minister continued till the post turned into the most prominent post in Safi I time. This post was also called 'the trustee in government' (Etemadole). The present study investigates the development of this post and its changes during the 11th century Manuscript profile -
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138 - political issues of sammanid collaps in iran history
javad horaviAs the advent of sammanids, caused lots of beneficence in Iran's and Islam's culture and civilization, the decline of this dynasty caused previous negative impact in Iran history indeed .among all decline causes the role of political issue. Were the most important weakn MoreAs the advent of sammanids, caused lots of beneficence in Iran's and Islam's culture and civilization, the decline of this dynasty caused previous negative impact in Iran history indeed .among all decline causes the role of political issue. Were the most important weakness of council of state(divan) youth of timurind Amir's, advent of domestic rebellions contact with forign governments disorderly in provinces ,the circulation of flattery in court the superiority of Turkish military the lack of political unity and contact with caliph rebel of Amir's decreas , of public fair, collapse of society abandonment of fagheehsjuris consul)t and stagnation of science simutanous with decline of (ghaznavids and al afrasiab) attack are issues discussing in this article. Manuscript profile -
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139 - Barmakeh and the factors of conflicts in Arab and Iranian in Abhusids aron s Age
Amir akbaryBeing supported by Irnnians, Abbasids took the power as a result, theypaid special attention to jrnnian ministers.Among Iranian ministers in abasids covert, al barmak and al sahl familieswere of significant position.The social and scientific valve of barmacks and their MoreBeing supported by Irnnians, Abbasids took the power as a result, theypaid special attention to jrnnian ministers.Among Iranian ministers in abasids covert, al barmak and al sahl familieswere of significant position.The social and scientific valve of barmacks and their supporting Iraniansmade Arabs envious, those who feared Iranians power and influence. Thecompetition caused many conspiracies against barmaks and finally led totheir collapse. The study of causes of the collapse and the competitionamong Iranians and Arabs to take power in abnsids court is one of themost important political issues in early part of Abbasids era.Yahya barmkys struyyle to put haron in power resulted in his and hischildren stalling power . yahya was the first minister, who signed decreeson behalf of the khalif, fazl was very popular because of his goodbehavior. Jafar was khalifs company and trustee. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - The ministery of Khajeh Ghavam-Al-Din Nezam -Al –Molk KHafi during the sultan Hossian Bayqara Timouri (911-875)
Amir Teymour RafieiKHajeh Qavam –AL-Din Nezam –Al-Molk KHafi ,the son of MolanaSHahab AL –Din Ismaeel ,was one of Soltan Hussein Mirza Bayqara theTimurid vizier who spend about thirty years of his life in financial andgovernmental affairs. His administerative activities MoreKHajeh Qavam –AL-Din Nezam –Al-Molk KHafi ,the son of MolanaSHahab AL –Din Ismaeel ,was one of Soltan Hussein Mirza Bayqara theTimurid vizier who spend about thirty years of his life in financial andgovernmental affairs. His administerative activities bgan at the time ofAbolghasem Babur Mirza the governor of Heart (853 -861 A.H),and afterthat he became one of the servants of Sultan Abu Saeed Gurcani(855 -873 A.H). He began his activity as a vizier in 855 a.m when SultanHussain Mirza came to the throne of Heart . he was murdered by theorder of Timurid Sultan,was one of the viziers of A,Ala Divan in Heart in903AH. His long Visarat cause political disputes and grounings in theTimurid governmental structure. Infact,his death was the result ofpolitical and religious disputes between Turks and Tajics.Sultan Hossein Mirza Bayghara couldnot control the disorganizedinternalsitution.internal rebels and then Uzbek invaders. Theirinterference family disputes between Timurid princes worsened thesituation. With the death of Sultan Hossein in 911 AH no competentsuccessor was left in Timurid family to prevent the fall of Heart toUzbaks in 913 AM. Manuscript profile -
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141 - Jawameol-olum book, and classification of science
حسین MirjaFari اصغر Montazerolgaem M.B KhazaeliJavameol olum book is a collection of various sciences by Ibn Farighun, with the aim of training courtiers with emphasis on the practical aspect of science that has been developed in the second half of fourth century. The author has divided the book into two parts. Co MoreJavameol olum book is a collection of various sciences by Ibn Farighun, with the aim of training courtiers with emphasis on the practical aspect of science that has been developed in the second half of fourth century. The author has divided the book into two parts. Court sciences have been raised in the first article and in the second, philosophical and religious sciences have been emphasized. The author has tried to explain different sciences briefly and effectively. In any of the articles subsidiary branches of science have been stated. Among reviewing Javameol olum book, this paper has noted Ebne Farighun’s approach toward science and classification of sciences. Manuscript profile -
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142 - Review and analysis of the right to secession (remedial measure) based on international law, emphasizing the secession of the Crimean region from the Ukrainian government
Adel mohammadi Abu Mohammad Asgarkhani Sayed Bagher Mirabassi -
Open Access Article
143 - Feasibility Study of Monitoring the Approvals of Public Non-Governmental Organizations in the Court of Administrative Justice
mohammad naderifard mohammadreza mojtehedi aboltazl ranjbari -
Open Access Article
144 - Review Mechanism and Its Examples in the Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC)
Soheila Yousefi Mahdi MomeniSoheila Yousefi[1] Mahdi Momeni[2] Abstract: Reviewing international documents is a manifestation of dynamics of rights. The most common way is to achieve maximum consensus of the Members. The statute of International Criminal Court states how to revise it. At the MoreSoheila Yousefi[1] Mahdi Momeni[2] Abstract: Reviewing international documents is a manifestation of dynamics of rights. The most common way is to achieve maximum consensus of the Members. The statute of International Criminal Court states how to revise it. At the Kampala Conference 2010, important points about review were introduced. The 2017 New York Conference largely complemented the efforts of ICC member states at the Kampala Conference. The main question is based on how effective is the proposed solution in the statute and to what extent have all the capacities been used? It seems that all the capacities of the statute, including the capacity of the Security Council, have not been used by the Contracting States in the solutions presented. Therefore, the assessment of the court's performance is faced with serious criticism. Based on the legal doctrine and the international documents (UN, ICJ, ICC) the present study examines and criticizes the principles of revision, practical procedures and documents of international organizations. [1]. PhD Student of Law (General International Law), Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran [2]. Assistant Professor of Criminology, Department of Law, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran:Corresponding Author Manuscript profile -
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145 - Necessity and effect of criminalization of non-international armed conflicts in the Statute of the International Criminal Court
Mohsen Amari Mehdi Hatami Mohammad javad jafariMohsen Amari[1], Mehdi Hatami[2]*,Mohammad Javad Jafari[3] Abstract: In this paper, the need to criminalize non-international armed conflicts and their gradual impact will be examined in a library method by using the note taking.the procedure of the Criminal C MoreMohsen Amari[1], Mehdi Hatami[2]*,Mohammad Javad Jafari[3] Abstract: In this paper, the need to criminalize non-international armed conflicts and their gradual impact will be examined in a library method by using the note taking.the procedure of the Criminal Court for the former Yugoslavia, subs­eq­u­­e­ntly, the Statute of the International Criminal Court in 1998 and the inclusion of the crimes committed in the scope of war crimes, Has led to a massive ch­a­n­ge towards the codifying of laws to these conflicts and developed. In general, the Statute of the Court exceeded the limits of the customary international law on war conflicts in significant and perceptible cases and imposes new obligations on States Parties.The article is divided into two parts; First, it examines the theoretical foundations of the law of armed conflict, and in the second part, it deals with the necessity and effect of criminalization of non-international armed conflict in the Statute of the International Criminal Court. [1].PhD Student in Public International Law, Department of Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran [2].Assistant Professor and member of the faculty of Law, Department of Law, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Kurdistan, Iran, Corresponding Author [3]. Assistant Professor and Member of the Faculty of Law, Department of Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Impunity for international criminals in international instruments
Ali Mansour Lekurj Asghar Abbasi ali ghorbaniAli Mansour Lekurj[1],Asghar Abbasi[2]*,Ali Ghorbani[3] Abstract:This study maintain that meantime compute obstacles impunity in int­e­r­n­a­tional crimes, analyze methods of comparison against impunity; with this forward-supposition that the im MoreAli Mansour Lekurj[1],Asghar Abbasi[2]*,Ali Ghorbani[3] Abstract:This study maintain that meantime compute obstacles impunity in int­e­r­n­a­tional crimes, analyze methods of comparison against impunity; with this forward-supposition that the impunity of great international felonies cannot be an acceptable phenomenon so we decided to study legal principles that im­­pe­diment against these felonies punishment e.g principles : sovereignty, localness if criminal law, nonintervention, immunity, individualism of pun­i­s­­­h­m­ent and legality of crime and punishment; we pay due attention to the comparison with impunity cases from the Nuremberg charter to Rom cha­rt­e­r and in this way analyze relationship between sovereignty of government and impunity and we pay attention to international criminal court and inte­rn­at­io­n­a­l criminal tribunal.Finally we can say: 1. There is some con­f­lic­ts between Rom charter regulations,2.Unfortunately execution of criminal ju­st­i­c­e has been possible only about non-developed countries; meantime non-appropriate mov­e­m­ent could be seen from the side of security council. Le­a­n­­ing to the 7th chapter from the charter must be regarded from the side of permanent members of security council. [1].PhD Student in Criminal Law and Criminology, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Mazandaran, Iran[2]. Assistant Professor of Criminal Law and Criminology, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Mazandaran, Iran ,Corresponding Author[3] - Assistant Professor of Criminal Law and Criminology, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Mazandaran, Iran Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
147 - Analyzing the Issue of Removal of Brain Dead's Organs, from the Viewpoint of Jurisprudence and Law
Alireza Zare Hosein KhanifarAlireza Zare[1] Hosein Khanifar [2] Abstract: One of the most important medical issues that are reviewed and judged from the aspect of legal and jurisprudence is the issue of brain death. This category has a number of different issues. Including whether the perso MoreAlireza Zare[1] Hosein Khanifar [2] Abstract: One of the most important medical issues that are reviewed and judged from the aspect of legal and jurisprudence is the issue of brain death. This category has a number of different issues. Including whether the person with brain death is actually dead? How is the situation in the perception of this person's organ? Is it just to remove equipment from the patient, or is it just the harvesting of the organs of the stuff that causes the definitive death of the person? From the point of view of jurisprudence and law, this issue seems permissible in some cases, and in some cases is prohibited. Since non-dead brain’s organs are of no use to the individual and the harvest of these organs does not harm him, but can save another person's life with the same organs, so in terms of religion and wisdom, this perception and connection to the comment is allowed. However, under the current circumstances, the judicial decree (fatwa) dispute and the lack of clarification of the various aspects of the subject matter have not yet been enacted, and if this legal vacuum persists, it will have severe consequences that will generally be irreparable. If a comprehensive law is passed to prevent this, save the lives of those in need and save on the costs of keeping two sick people (those with brain death and those in need), in cases of abuse of law and silence. Complaints are prevented because of a lack of law. [1] - M.Sc. Student, Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Law, Faculty of Law, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran [2]- Full Professor and Member of Official Faculty of Tehran University, Qom: Farabi Campus, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Qom, Iran: Corresponding Author Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - Corruption Prevention Model Based on the Targets, duties and Authority the Court Audit of Iran
reza zargar Masuod Porkiani Moggan Derakhshan Ayob SheykiAbstractThe purpose of this study is to present a model of corruption prevention based on the goals, duties and powers of the Iranian Accounting Court. This is an applied and developmental research and a descriptive-correlational method. The statistical population of th MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study is to present a model of corruption prevention based on the goals, duties and powers of the Iranian Accounting Court. This is an applied and developmental research and a descriptive-correlational method. The statistical population of this study consists of all staff of audit (technical-specialized) and administrative departments of accounting department including headquarters and 31 provinces. Sample size was determined using Krejcie and Morgan table (340). In this study, a stratified random sampling method was used and a library method was used to review the literature of the subject under study and a questionnaire was used to collect field data. The validity and reliability of the research instruments were assessed by confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha and SEM was used to test the model and test the questions and hypotheses. Based on the fit indices, it can be concluded that the variable dimensions of goals, tasks and authorities in Iran's accounting court are in good level and the variable dimensions of corruption control are in strong level. Therefore, it can be concluded that the model of corruption prevention based on the goals, duties and powers of the Court of Accounts is valid. Manuscript profile -
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149 - The approach of the International Criminal Court regarding the criminal immunity of high-ranking government officials
javad Hoseymikhah karam janipour ghavam karimiThe immunity of high-ranking government officials from the domestic courts of other countries has led to various international procedures and approaches to immunity, responsibility, the formation of mixed criminal courts, and the use of UN Security Council capacities to MoreThe immunity of high-ranking government officials from the domestic courts of other countries has led to various international procedures and approaches to immunity, responsibility, the formation of mixed criminal courts, and the use of UN Security Council capacities to establish criminal courts between Has created a special international. In parallel with the escalation of large-scale international crime, especially during World War II and the subsequent establishment of the Nuremberg and Tokyo tribunals, the principle of immunity of high-ranking government officials from international crime faced many challenges, culminating in Considered the formation of criminal courts related to the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda and finally the adoption of the Rome Statute to establish the International Criminal Court. Although the legal and judicial procedure of the Court indicates the non-acceptance of immunity arising from official position due to the commission of international crimes, but the descriptive-analytical study of this issue shows the existence of serious challenges and limitations before the Court in performing its legal duties. They can be attributed to the role of political considerations, incompatibility in rulings with acts committed, non-cooperation of member states in cooperating with the Court for various reasons, limitations on the jurisdiction and type and timing of acts committed, as well as restrictions on the relationship between the Court and The UN Security Council noted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - a
محمدحسین جمشیدی محمدحسن جمشیدی داود سبزی -
Open Access Article
151 - The approach of jurisprudence and international law in the protection of cultural heritage and historical propertyEmphasizing the case of Al-MahdiThe approach of jurisprudence and international law in the protection of cultural heritage and historical propertyEmphasizing the case of Al-Mahdi
Sharid Bitarafan Karan rohani Reza Nasiri LarimiInternational law pays special attention to the issue of cultural and historical heritage of civilizations and countries, regardless of any type of classification, and in this field, it has always proposed its views through international conventions and documents. Relyi MoreInternational law pays special attention to the issue of cultural and historical heritage of civilizations and countries, regardless of any type of classification, and in this field, it has always proposed its views through international conventions and documents. Relying on the criminalization of the destruction of historical property and the damage caused to it, international institutions have taken steps to investigate the actions of al-Mahdi in the country of Mali. This article examines the approach of jurisprudence and international law in the protection of cultural heritage and historical property with an emphasis on the Al-Mahdi case. The current research has been carried out with a descriptive and analytical method and through the collection of information in a library and document method using electronic data banks. The action of the International Criminal Court in examining the actions carried out by the leadership of al-Mahdi and its effects in the country of Mali, and while examining it, it creates a fundamental procedure in the investigation of crimes committed in the field of cultural and historical heritage, and states that it will deal with any extremism in the field of destroying these properties. will do. From the point of view of jurisprudence, there are some ideas and approaches in the light of teachings related to jurisprudence, such as the rule of waste, the rule of harm, the rule of rightful possession, the rule of expediency, which can play a role in protecting and protecting cultural heritage and historical property. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - Place and Guarantees of the Principle of Innocence in Islamic and Public Law with Emphasis on the Judgment of the Administrative Justice Court
mojtaba hemmati mehdi zeynalzadeh Amir SarmastiIn Islamic law, in cases of doubt in the presence of the duty and failure to provide evidence of the conduct of the duty, the principle should be based on the absence of the duty and thus not imposing a responsibility on individuals. In the legal term, this principle is MoreIn Islamic law, in cases of doubt in the presence of the duty and failure to provide evidence of the conduct of the duty, the principle should be based on the absence of the duty and thus not imposing a responsibility on individuals. In the legal term, this principle is based on the requirements of judicial justice and supports the freedom and dignity of individuals. The extent of the principle of innocence is very wide and inclusive than Islamic law but the commonality of this principle in both areas is alesalat ol adam. This article, using a descriptive-analytical method and using library sources, seeks to answer this question: What is place and guarantees of the principle of innocence in Islamic and public law and in the judgments of Administrative Justice Court? Conclusion of this article is that the principle of innocence and its guarantees, as referred to in criminal law, in the field of public law has not been cited by the administrative proceedings authorities and a number of branches of the Administrative Justice Court, in judicial controlling of quasi-criminal administrative bodies, have referred to the guarantees of the principle of innocence and have considered them as one of the principles of fair administrative hearing. According to this principle, one cannot be held accountable or be restricted his freedom without giving any reason; An approach that if pursued extensively and severely by all branches of the administrative Justice Court can improve the performance of administrative authorities and quasi-criminal administrative bodies. Manuscript profile -
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153 - Introversive Revolution in Hafiz Poetry Works from the Perspective of CDA
Maryam Mahmoodi اعظم خادمHafiz, as a prominent face among mystical Persian poets, offers outstanding tips about the prosperity of mankind and its promoting and deterrent factors, and either true or false teaches how to achieve prosperity and introversive revolution. In order to understand the v MoreHafiz, as a prominent face among mystical Persian poets, offers outstanding tips about the prosperity of mankind and its promoting and deterrent factors, and either true or false teaches how to achieve prosperity and introversive revolution. In order to understand the views more clearly, this paper has deployed the method of CDA which includes theoretical and experimental procedures to investigate the relationship between discourse and social and cultural developments. Accordingly, two samples of Hafiz sonnets were studied through the three stages description, interpretation, and articulation. This analysis showed that Hafiz is a mixture of lyricism and sense, interpretation of which apart from Quran is non-sense. Hafiz believes in introversive revolution as a rational practice which is incompatible with asceticism. The nature of this procedure is to eliminate the redundancies rather than piling up a mass of empty talk, through which the mentor just acts as a pioneer, non-dominant over the voyager at all. some of Hafiz sonnets were studied through the three stages description, interpretation, and articulation. This analysis showed that Hafiz is a mixture. Manuscript profile -
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154 - An Inquiry to the Meaning of a Verse of Hafez
Mehdi Tadayyon Seyed Ali Mahmoudi Lahijaniحافظ اگر سجدة تو کرد مکن عیب کافر عشق ای صنم گناه نداردThis verse is one of the verses that seem complex and ambiguous in terms of meaning. Many commentators misinterpreted the meaning of the verse, which rooted in the lack of observation of the exact meaning of the com Moreحافظ اگر سجدة تو کرد مکن عیب کافر عشق ای صنم گناه نداردThis verse is one of the verses that seem complex and ambiguous in terms of meaning. Many commentators misinterpreted the meaning of the verse, which rooted in the lack of observation of the exact meaning of the composition "unbeliever to love", which has caused most commentators have referred to the general meaning of the verse and they did not interpret the key phrases. Therefore, most of the descriptions of this verse are not based on correct logic and reasoning, and some commentators have repeated the same mistakes of their predecessors. Accordingly, this question is raised that what is the meaning of this verse based on the prevailing thought of Hafez's sonnets? This article is focused on reviewing the critiques of the verse and their critique. Based on the meaning of the combination of "unbeliever to love" in Persian literature, it can be seen that the beloved blamed Hafiz for prostrating to others than god, and in response, Hafiz considered the infidel of love innocent of any sin and error; Because this mistake and sin arise by the lover. Manuscript profile -
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155 - تحلیل زمینهای نوستالژی در اشعار خاقانی
نصرالله امامی افسانه سعادتی -
Open Access Article
156 - بازتاب مقامات دهگانۀ عرفانی در دیوان خاقانی
عطا محمد رادمنش زهرا کریم زاده شوشتری نژاد -
Open Access Article
157 - Investigating the Causal Conditions and Identifying the Consequences of Public Sector Human Resource Performance Management Based on the Islamic-Iranian Model of Progress (Case study: Court of Audit)
ROYA HASHEMI Karamollh DaneshFard Naser MirsepasiAbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the causal conditions and identify the consequences of human resource performance management based on the Iranian-Islamic model of progress. This study is an applied goal that was conducted with an approach combined wi MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the causal conditions and identify the consequences of human resource performance management based on the Iranian-Islamic model of progress. This study is an applied goal that was conducted with an approach combined with an exploratory design. The statistical population is 20 people in the qualitative section of professors in the field of human resource management and managers of organizations who are familiar with the field of performance management, and in the descriptive section of the staff of the Court of Audit (formal and contractual). 290 people were selected as a statistical sample based on Cochran's formula using random sampling method. To collect the data, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. Lisrel-V9.2 and Spss-V22, MAXQDA software were used. The performance of human resources based on the Iranian-Islamic model is 13 identifiable indicators (items), that 2 components are identifiable. (8 items), 2- Individual competence (5 items), was identified. Outcome components of human resource performance management based on the Iranian-Islamic model of progress, 15 identifiable indicators (items), that 3 components are identifiable. Finally, effective factors such as; 1- Effective learning and training (4 items), 2- Employee motivation (6 items), 3- Communication (5 items); is identified. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
158 - Evaluation and comparison of the performance of Bramke and Al Sahl
fatemeh parsafar mohammad sepehri Nemat Ahmadi NasabBoth the Barmakis and Al Sahl were among the most prominent ministerial bureaucratic families of the Abbasid caliphate era, which appeared on the stage of the political history of Islam and gave a special glory to this caliphate. One of the suesthistoricalresearchers ar MoreBoth the Barmakis and Al Sahl were among the most prominent ministerial bureaucratic families of the Abbasid caliphate era, which appeared on the stage of the political history of Islam and gave a special glory to this caliphate. One of the suesthistoricalresearchers are facing is the performance of these two families. Iranians and their role in the Abbasid caliphate and their decline and destruction is in this research, which is a historical criptive methodAnd according to the library resources, this issue has enaddressed.TheBarmakis were one of the influential Iranian families, the founder of the power of this family Abbasid dynasty, Khalid bin Barmak, and their children and descendants, Yahya Barmaki, Fazland Jafar, were among the most famous members of this family, who had great power ringthe period of Harun Al-Rashid.They gained a lot of power so that in 178A.H.Yahya becamethe owner of absolute and complete power and the Caliph handed over all the powers to him. All the important jobs were in the hands of Yahya's relatives and superiors, sothative people were always in charge of the most prestigious military and country jobs in the ourt, ndeveryoneWithout them, they would be kept out of work. All these factors and suspicion towards them and the Chinese conspiracy of the people around them ledstandmassacre of this family. The Sahl family was also of Iranian origin and had the desire to estoreIran's independence and renew the blessings of this system, which followed the path of ramke family and ultimately met the same fate. Manuscript profile -
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159 - A study of the common arts of the Safavid era through the Holy Divan of Mashhad
nilofar khosravani KOBRA NODEHIOne way to get acquainted with the common arts of each period of history is to study the great literary works that have survived from that time. Among the present literary texts, the Divan of Haji Mohammadjan Ghodsi Mashhadi, a poet of the 11th century AH, is a contempo MoreOne way to get acquainted with the common arts of each period of history is to study the great literary works that have survived from that time. Among the present literary texts, the Divan of Haji Mohammadjan Ghodsi Mashhadi, a poet of the 11th century AH, is a contemporary of the Safavid dynasty, whose popular art of this era is widely reflected in his poetry.The era of flourishing Iranian art is in the Seljuk and Ilkhanid eras and reaches its peak in the time of the Timurids. However, the concentration and integration of the Safavid state organization caused all the arts to flourish, and for this reason, the types of arts in this era grew significantly in quantity. The Safavid government has been considered as a superior power in the field of politics, culture, economy and even art due to its religious authority and the confrontation of the great Shiite power with the Sunni government of Ottoman Turkey.In this article, an attempt is made to analyze the arts that were popular in the Safavid era, such as music, painting, calligraphy, book design and architecture through the Holy Divan of Mashhad. Manuscript profile -
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160 - تشکیلات دیوانی و سازمان اداری دولت خوارزمشاهیان
دکتر ابراهیم با وفا دلیوند -
Open Access Article
161 - An investigation of major thoughts in Divan of Molla Zolfali Bakhtiari
Hamzeh Mohammadi Dehcheshme Farzad MohammadiDuring the Mashroteh era and thereafter, many poets in the land of Bakhtiari have participated in the field of poetry and literature, many of them have mastered Persian language and literature and they have written works in the Persian dialect and they have also present MoreDuring the Mashroteh era and thereafter, many poets in the land of Bakhtiari have participated in the field of poetry and literature, many of them have mastered Persian language and literature and they have written works in the Persian dialect and they have also presented the works in the Bakhtiari dialect. Meanwhile, a number of Bakhtiari poets have particularly devoted their poems to the Bakhtiari dialect. One of the most prominent forerunners of Bakhtiari poetry in this era is Molla Zolfali Bakhtiari, whose work marks the beginning of a major revolution in contemporary Bakhtiari dialectic poetry. Molla Zolfali Bakhtiari is one of the pioneers of Bakhtiari dialect poetry before DarabAfsar. His poems in the original words of Bakhtiari indicate he was proficient in the Bakhtiari dialect. Molla Zolfali has two important works and some scattered poems - "Mearajnameh" and "Hadith of Kasa" which show the poet's authority and ability in the Bakhtiari dialect. He has written "Mearajnameh" in ascension of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and in favor of Bakhtiari’s Lore people and "Hadith of Kasa" in praise and greatness of the Prophet's family and Imams. Considering Molla's important role in writing poetry (Bakhtiari) and showing his position in this field, this article introduces the poet and it deals with the poet's opinions and his major thoughts on poetry. This research is descriptive-analytical and it is based on library resources. Manuscript profile -
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162 - Possible Responses to Cyber Attacks from the perspective of International Law
Azar GivkeyCyber-attacks, while as easy as pushing a button, can have devastating and possibly catastrophic consequences such as the destruction, disabling or malfunctioning of critical infrastructure. Such an inevitable action certainly has to be timely and appropriately responde MoreCyber-attacks, while as easy as pushing a button, can have devastating and possibly catastrophic consequences such as the destruction, disabling or malfunctioning of critical infrastructure. Such an inevitable action certainly has to be timely and appropriately responded by the affected states. Although the issue of international responsibility of states, as a broad concept of cyber-attacks, faces many challenges, assuming that the aggrieved State is able to identify the source of the cyber-attack and also able to attribute the same to a country, the question that arises is: what legal solutions exist for the aggrieved government in order to respond appropriately and realize its right. In this article, which has employed library studies and analytical and descriptive methodology, we intend to examine the types of possible responses to cyber-attacks by the aggrieved governments and the conditions for using each of the possible responses. Manuscript profile -
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163 - International Criminal Law Strategic Policies in Compensation with an Emphasis on International Judicial procedure
hossein jafari taheri Seyed Hesamodin LesaniSome international harms and injuries may be suffered by the victims through the commission of these crimes.The strategic policy of the Court has been linked with a critical and strategic approach to the political life of governments. Compensation has been institutional MoreSome international harms and injuries may be suffered by the victims through the commission of these crimes.The strategic policy of the Court has been linked with a critical and strategic approach to the political life of governments. Compensation has been institutionalized as an integral part of the strategic policy strategy of the International Criminal Court. The power element and the kind of strong and powerful relations with the Supreme Court can be decisive in the implementation of this policy, but the Supreme Court faces serious obstacles and obstacles in pursuit of strategic goals and policies by imposing authoritarian policies of global superpowers. These obstacles have created the balance of criminal justice system in dealing with international crimes. By this way the compensation as part of the function of the court is expressed through the implementation of the compensation plans. The Statute provides for the general points regarding compensation. However, the Court needs to establish the principles and procedures in every case. The main question in this research is what are the principles governing compensation within the ICC. For replying this question, the present research- which is in a descriptive-analytical method. Manuscript profile -
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164 - Climate Change, Human Rights and the need to Establish the International Court of the Environmet
Azade Rastegar Ali MashhadiAbstract: In recent decades the phenomenon of climate change is one of the important concerns of world community and some measures have been taken so far. Among these measures one can refer to ratification of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC MoreAbstract: In recent decades the phenomenon of climate change is one of the important concerns of world community and some measures have been taken so far. Among these measures one can refer to ratification of United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in May 9.1992, Kyoto Protocol in 1997 and Paris agreement in 2014. The main purpose of the present paper is to examine the problems and damages inflicted on earth as a result of climate changes and the necessity of establishing an international court for protecting eco system. Taking into consideration the fact that most of conventions and treaties on environment are not obligatory the question raised her is "how far the International Court for Environment (ICE) can be effective and efficient in preventing damage to environment when a dispute arises between the performance of the parties to the convention and the rules governing the convention. The presumption of the article is that the establishment of this special court for environment can help to settle disputes in the field of environment in the same way the International Court of Justice could act in peaceful settlement of disputes. The methodology used in the paper is library source based study as well as taking the help of international environment law documents including United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) documents. The finding of the study shows that the establishment of International Court for Environment can play an effective role in protecting the environment in future. Manuscript profile -
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165 - A Study of the Possibility of Demanding Ecological Reparation of Iran-Iraq War from International Court of Justice
Sayed Abbas Poor Hashemi Ali Faghieh HabibiEvery country can refer one’s own dispute with another country to international court of Justice. Neither international nor the legal proceedings of the court have any regulation to restrict the non-members of the court to refer their dispute to the court. Accepta MoreEvery country can refer one’s own dispute with another country to international court of Justice. Neither international nor the legal proceedings of the court have any regulation to restrict the non-members of the court to refer their dispute to the court. Acceptance of the jurisdiction of the court by members of the court is defined in article 36 of constitution and the events and circumstances described in it. The examination of the behavior of the court in cases that resort to force had taken place shows that the court as a legal organ has tried to obtain its jurisdiction within the framework of declarations and efforts and studies the legal aspect of each issue or international dispute including resort to force. Although on this issue, many jurists disagree and are of the view that resort to force can be politically interpreted and the court should not have absolute authority to examine the cases. The International Court of Justice otherwise have obligatory jurisdiction on cases which compulsory international norms (jus cogens) are violated and the court on cases that the sovereignty of a member of the United Nations is violated by another member can declare the aggressor as responsible and the latter must compensate the loss. In the case of Iran-Iraq war enormous damage were inflicted on eco system as well as human beings and these losses have so far not been compensated. Present article by referring to norms of international law wants to find out the possibility of demanding ecological compensation by suing a case in International Court of Justice Manuscript profile -
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166 - Analyzing the relationship between the administrative system and the power structure and their influence on each other during the Umayyad period
Hatam Mousaei Ghaffar Pourbakhtiar Abdolaziz movahed: ureaucracy, as one of the requirements for the continuity of the political structure of the government, has played a rB ole in establishing the authority of the Umayyad caliphate. With the emergence of the administrative system in the Umayyad period and the continuati More: ureaucracy, as one of the requirements for the continuity of the political structure of the government, has played a rB ole in establishing the authority of the Umayyad caliphate. With the emergence of the administrative system in the Umayyad period and the continuation of the power of the Umayyads for about a century, and also considering the evolution of this administrative system in the period after the Umayyads, Therefore, this research, with a descriptive-analytical approach, based on library data and based on Weber's concept of traditional authority, examines the role, influence and mutual relationship of bureaucracy and political authority in the continuation of the power of the Umayyad Caliphate. The findings of this research show that the Umayyad government, by adapting the administrative system of the Sassanid and Byzantine empires, found characteristics of patrimonialism, but religious differences, internal problems and social injustice prevented the promotif bureaucracy in this perithe administrative system in the Umayyad period and the continuation of the power of the Umayyads for about a century, and also considering the evolution of this administrative system in the period after the Umayyads, Therefore, this research, with a descriptive-analytical approach, based on library data and based on Weber's concept of traditional authority, examines the role, influence Manuscript profile -
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mohamadreza akrami -
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faramarz khojasteh somayeh rezaee -
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169 - Hyper Reality in Eulogy: Tarikh Beyhaghi and Divan Farokhi Sistani
Soheyl FattahiJean Baudrillard's theory on hyper reality has been introduced in media science which has been called as hyper reality in literature. Whereas it is absolutely different. Regarding the theory of new age of media, it is possible to perceive, to make, to distribute hyper c MoreJean Baudrillard's theory on hyper reality has been introduced in media science which has been called as hyper reality in literature. Whereas it is absolutely different. Regarding the theory of new age of media, it is possible to perceive, to make, to distribute hyper concept or hyper reality out of truth which is different with itself, it means the truth is shown more than truth. Such theory was hastily distributing to other branches of art, newspaper, taking picture, cinema, psychology, philosophy,.etc and it introduced the different concepts, but it was not been seriously taken in literature. The first eulogy is an issue which is mentioned in measurable literature by which this study tries to compare Hyper Reality and eulogy Manifestation in Tarikh Beyhaghi and Divan Farokhi Sistani due to analytical descriptive approach, to examine hyper reality eulogy or hyper reality of Ghaznavi tribes in these two aforementioned works. Manuscript profile -
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170 - Deadly humor and enduring humor in the Timurid period
Ghahreman ShiriThe four sides of common satires in the Timurid era are made up of four methods, three of which are only fancy work and funny. Those four sides are: First Verbal jokes in literary circles, the second compilation of the stories of past tribes by Ali Safi and Jami.The thi MoreThe four sides of common satires in the Timurid era are made up of four methods, three of which are only fancy work and funny. Those four sides are: First Verbal jokes in literary circles, the second compilation of the stories of past tribes by Ali Safi and Jami.The third is food and clothing satires by Boshak Atameh and Mahmoud Qari al-Baseh, whose literary works of many poets, including Ahli Shirazi, Sibak Neishabouri, Ibn Hossam Khosfi and others, can also be placed in the ranks of those types of commitments due to their extremes and exaggeration. The fourth, extensive falsification and distortion of historical, literary, mystical, and religious facts, and replacing them with authentic facts in Tazkirat al-Shoara, Rowzat al-Shohada, and Majalis al-Oshaq. All these four methods of satire share four characteristics in terms of nature: the aspect of organizing parties and having fun and being free from protesting and fighting; Inability to motivate thought and create intellectual improvement in the audience; lack of innovation in artistic fields and attention to the implementation of common and famous constructions and methods; Focusing all efforts on the artificial promotion of linguistic and literary fields and completely disregarding the nature and contents, and staying in the axioms. Manuscript profile -
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171 - Investigating the lexical layer style of Qari Abdullah's lyrics based on layered stylistics
Shafighollah Shafaghat |Gholamreza Mastali ParsaLayered stylistics is one of the new approach of stylistics, through which we can analyze literary texts by using intra-textual way, and based on constructive layers like(phonetical, lexical, syntactic, rhetorical and intellectual). Among other types, layered stylistics MoreLayered stylistics is one of the new approach of stylistics, through which we can analyze literary texts by using intra-textual way, and based on constructive layers like(phonetical, lexical, syntactic, rhetorical and intellectual). Among other types, layered stylistics is one of the most precise method in explaining literary works throug the use of which we can from one side realize important lingual characteristics and from other side glanced to the the ruling thought of the literary work. In this article, has been struggled to examine the stylistic features of the Ghazals of Qari Abdullah in the lexical layer with a (descriptive-analytical) approach. After examination and accuracy, the results of the research show that the frequency of abstract words, codes related to ruins and tariqat, general words and additional combinations was high in Qari's poems; Also, the use of slang words and idioms is another matter that has characterized the poet's style. Manuscript profile -
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hasan shabani azad ahmadreza yalameha -
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Shahpoor Shahvali Mazaher Nikkhah Asghar Rezapoorian -
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farangis shahrokhi -
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Akram Haratian -
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176 - Introducing of the manuscript of the Copenhagen Royal Library and Stylistics of Sheikh Azari’s Poetry
علی محمد سجادی yousof ali yousof nezhadSheikh Hamza bin Ali Malek Esfarayeni is a poet of the nineteenth century AH. Sheikh Azari was born in Esfarayen and spent several years in his life in India from 832 to 836 in the courtyard of the kings of Dehkan. Of Sheikh Azari's Divan, there are five copies in the l MoreSheikh Hamza bin Ali Malek Esfarayeni is a poet of the nineteenth century AH. Sheikh Azari was born in Esfarayen and spent several years in his life in India from 832 to 836 in the courtyard of the kings of Dehkan. Of Sheikh Azari's Divan, there are five copies in the libraries around the world, the oldest and most authentic version is the Royal Library of Copenhagen in Denmark. This edition is worthy of value for correctness in recording and editing, as well as proper maintenance, and has a major role in correcting Sheikh Azari's divan. In this article, we have tried to examine the formal and writing features of this unique handwritten. Because this edition has been recorded in the poet's lifetimes, it can be counted as one of the best manuscripts of Sheikh Azari's Divan in terms of the authenticity of recording and editing. The study of the religious background of Sheikh Azari as well as his tendency to Sunni religion is based on this version. Manuscript profile -
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حسین آقاحسینی parvaneh vesal -
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مریم محمودی نسرین ایزدی -
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hadi akbarzade seyede fateme majidi -
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محمد حکیم آذر بهمن علامی -
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آیت شوکتی -
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آسیه ذبیح نیا عمران نیرالسادات ابطحی -
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yadollah Abdy Nahr Khalaji Mehrdad ChatraeiAzizabadi قربانعلی ابراهیمی -
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علیرضا شانظری -
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Fateme Chashnigir Azizollah Tavakoli Kafiabad محمود صادق زاده -
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narges afrooz احمد علی جعفری -
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شهریار حسن زاده -
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حسین مسجدی فاطمه زمانی قورتانی -
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ahmad ahmadi lotfeali barghi -
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masoume kian Shahin Oujagh Alizade Mehdi Mahouzi Fateme Emami -
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سید امیر جهادی علی جهانشاهی افشار -
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علیرضا شعبانلو mohammdghasem siyavoshi -
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ابوالفضل مرادی(رَستا) -
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194 - Introduction and analysis of the newly written manuscript of GHassab Kashani's court
Elham Gholamkelisani Mehrdad ChatraeiAzizabadi morteza rashidiManuscripts are written heritage and represent the scientific, cultural and social identity of nations. Since ancient times and as evidenced by history, Persian-language writers and poets have created many works, whose preservation and revival is the scientific and cult MoreManuscripts are written heritage and represent the scientific, cultural and social identity of nations. Since ancient times and as evidenced by history, Persian-language writers and poets have created many works, whose preservation and revival is the scientific and cultural mission of researchers. Although researchers in the field of Persian language and literature have long paid special attention to the correction of ancient Persian literary texts, some of these texts have not been revived and corrected after centuries. Nevertheless, the copy of Diwan Kasab Kashani has been corrected five times by Parto Beizai, Abbasi, Javaheri, Karmi and Atefi, and the authors are trying to identify the copy and the author with the descriptive-analytical method and with the help of library sources. and examine the stylistic elements and components, express its linguistic features, its literary, religious, mystical and historical value. Also, address the corrections that have been made from this manuscript, and in each correction, briefly mention the motivations of the correctors for reviving Diwan Kasab, the methods of correction, and the additions and appendices in the corrections. review The results of the research show that the manuscript of Noor Osmaniyeh Library has not been used in the previous corrections Manuscript profile -
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Anvar Ghodousiyan Ishagh Mirbaloochzahi -
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196 - Some of the philosophical terms in Naserkhosro's poetry
mahdi MohagheghBalkh at the time of Naserkhosro was one of the centers of rational and philosophical thinking which some people like Abouzeyd Balkhi ( Hafez Khorasani), Kaabi Balkhi ,and Shahid Balkhi was grown up there. Naserkhosro was living in this time and atmosphere in whic MoreBalkh at the time of Naserkhosro was one of the centers of rational and philosophical thinking which some people like Abouzeyd Balkhi ( Hafez Khorasani), Kaabi Balkhi ,and Shahid Balkhi was grown up there. Naserkhosro was living in this time and atmosphere in which philosophy and religion were against each other. In spite of familiarity with philosophy, he had a tendency towards a kind of theologythat was very near to the Esmaili's teachings. Conflict and struggle between religious people and philosophers made Naserkhosro depressed; therefore, he tried to combine religious and philosophical problems with each other and talked to each group with its own terminologies. With religious people he used verses of Quran and prophet's statements and with philosophers he used logical reasoning. In this article some philosophical terms in Naserkhosro's Divan have been investigated especially general philosophy which includes logic and theology Manuscript profile -
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197 - The common ethical doctrines in Saadi's Boostan and Emam Ali's Divan
abbasali vafaei roghaeh kardel IlvariThe Divan attributed to Emam Ali is the masterpiece of Arab world that contains didactic, ethical, and mystical doctrines. Many Arab poets and literary men have tried to get as much possible the knowledge of these doctrines from this Divan and use them in their daily li MoreThe Divan attributed to Emam Ali is the masterpiece of Arab world that contains didactic, ethical, and mystical doctrines. Many Arab poets and literary men have tried to get as much possible the knowledge of these doctrines from this Divan and use them in their daily lives. Saadi, the graet Iranian poet, also has benefited as much as possible from didactic, ethical, and mystical doctrines of Emam Ali'sDivan. In the present paper, based on the title of the paper, has been tried to investigate the common ethical doctrines between Saadi's Boostan and Emam Ali's Divan. These selected doctrines include ethices that are practical for teaching to people in the society in different social, political, and cultural institutes. A close look at Emam Ali's Divan reveals that all poets and mystics in different religions and ideologies have adapted Emam Ali's mysticism as resource in their works. Manuscript profile -
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198 - Educational and Moral Teachings in the schoolmaster of Kashan (Vahshi Bafghi)
اسحاق طغیانی علی علیزادهEducation is one of the most outstanding themes and intentions of Persian poetry. This literary genre , more than any literary genres has involved the mind and language of poets and rhetoricians of Persian literature. Vahshi Bafghi (who was a schoolmaster) has allocated MoreEducation is one of the most outstanding themes and intentions of Persian poetry. This literary genre , more than any literary genres has involved the mind and language of poets and rhetoricians of Persian literature. Vahshi Bafghi (who was a schoolmaster) has allocated a large portion of his poems, whether in Khold Barin which is an educative-moral work, or in other poems and poetic forms to this issue. Emphasizing on some parts of principles and methods of education that are accepted by teachers of today and more importantly, explaining meanings, concepts, virtues and religious and moral teachings such as praying, contentment, patience, and etc… and praising them, as well as explicating moral vices such as pretension, pride, greed, envy, and prevision form them are among the issues which have been significantly reflected in Bafghi’s poetry. Besides, valuable and moral concepts, themes such as despair, hopelessness, radical belief in fortunes, acceptance of inferiority and humiliation can be observed in his poetry. The present study is to investigate and analyze the issue of education from different perspectives in the poetry of Vahshi with reference to his poems. Manuscript profile -
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199 - The first Persian poet of Esfahan
mahdi NoorianDuring one hundred years of Persian literature, Persian poets of Esfahan were brilliant. The famous sixth century poet, JAMALOODIN ABDOLRAZAGH ESFAHANI is known by everybody. However, have already been Persian poets in Esfahan before sixth century? The following verse f MoreDuring one hundred years of Persian literature, Persian poets of Esfahan were brilliant. The famous sixth century poet, JAMALOODIN ABDOLRAZAGH ESFAHANI is known by everybody. However, have already been Persian poets in Esfahan before sixth century? The following verse from JAMALOODIN ABDOLRAZAGH ESFAHANI shows that the poet and his contemporaries consider themselves the remainder of early poets. HAKIM SANAIE GHAZNAVI in his Divan has mentioned a poet namely ZOLLESANAIN and described him in an ode which show the described poet is one of the oldest Persian poet of Esfahan .This poet is ABOLFATH MOHAMAD EBN ALI EBN MOHAMAD ESFAHANI. His elderly life is coincided by the birth of JAMALODIN ABDOLRAZAGH. Unfortunately there is no remaining Divan except few verses in the book of ALMOJAM FI MAYER ALASHAR ALAJAM .this paper is an attempt for recognizing verses from this poet. Manuscript profile -
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200 - The Thunder of Revolt A study on the different manifestations of sins in Hafez’s Poetry
hassan BassakSin is one of the new aspects Hafez has had in his poetry. It is not possible to present a clear outlook on different aspects of sin without a comprehensive look on his poetry. Hafez’s consideration on various aspects of the matter is of high value. He believes th MoreSin is one of the new aspects Hafez has had in his poetry. It is not possible to present a clear outlook on different aspects of sin without a comprehensive look on his poetry. Hafez’s consideration on various aspects of the matter is of high value. He believes that the aptitude to sin is gifted in human being, so it is eternal and belongs to human destiny. It shows that human being tends to chaos although repent is an opportunity for him to gain spiritual evolution within himself. Human challenges with sin and narrating his conditions through Hafez bring a lot of questions and ambiguities about Hafez and his poetry. Considering adherence or non-adherence in Hafez and his belief in religious values provide lots of different perspectives on him to make superficial and sinful understanding of Hafez’s poetry. In Hafez’s view, the ability to sin does not mean the permission of blame, but it represents the belief that sin will not hurt religion. Therefore, Hafez assumes pretending sin against the proud of innocence – which emphasizes on its incorrectness – in the world of poetry. Pretending sin is the main point in Hafez’s poetry. It is on the opposite side of those pretending purity. To avoid the second group, Hafez tries to distance them to show he does not follow them. He knows innocent plaintiffs as real sinful individuals whose understanding is blur through proud and selfishness. According to Hafez, if piety and asceticism are considered as means of gaining value or to be considered magnificently in austere view, they will lose their values and worthiness. One of the most crucial factors in Hafez’s idea towards sin is his positive understanding of human relationship with God and his dependence on His commiseration. Through presenting his idea, Hafez tries to challenge those who not only claim their purity, but also cherish hypocrisy and selfishness. Hafez fights with insincerity and deceitfulness. Based on thought and philosophy taken from Hafez’s poetry, the present article investigates the educational aspects of revolt and sin. Therefore, sin expression of Hafez, pure libertinism and rebuking, avoidance of unity with hypocrites as well as mysticism and worthiness were analyzed through religion, morality and immorality, sin outcome and the effects of purity, sin and human willingness and finally God approbation. Manuscript profile -
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201 - The Study and analysis of Copyists’ making alterations in manuscripts
ahmadreza yalamehaIn fact, manuscripts are cultural heritages of every society that withot them the recognition of ideas, believes, and generally the historical cultures of the society is imposible. It is obvious that these written works in every language, society, and generation a MoreIn fact, manuscripts are cultural heritages of every society that withot them the recognition of ideas, believes, and generally the historical cultures of the society is imposible. It is obvious that these written works in every language, society, and generation are in danger of making alterations. The causes of making alterations. The causes of making alterations in the form and content of manuscripts are due to different reasons. One of the reasons is the copyists’ indulgence in the writing of the manuscripts the copyists’ making alterations are due to factors such as tiredness, optical error, and mind error. One of the frequently found error in Poet’s Divans in different Periods is the mixture of couplets and as the result the deletion of a hemistich or some hemistiches in a series of couplets. Therefore, the Purpose of this paper is to study and analysis making alterations in manuscripts by copyists in writing some Divans. It is important to mention that the erroneous recording of the copyists has been reflected in the publications of some Divans. Manuscript profile -
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202 - Components of Didactic Genre in the Azhari Shirazi’s Resale-ye Kamal (Treaties of Perfection)
Fariba Chini Fatemeh Sadat TaheriBudaq Azhari Shirazi, an unknown poet of the tenth and eleventh centuries AH, has a poetic collection of 10,385 lines, which he called Resale-ye Kamal (Treaties of Perfection). The present article studies the didactic factors in Azhari’s poems. By using a descript MoreBudaq Azhari Shirazi, an unknown poet of the tenth and eleventh centuries AH, has a poetic collection of 10,385 lines, which he called Resale-ye Kamal (Treaties of Perfection). The present article studies the didactic factors in Azhari’s poems. By using a descriptive-analytical method based on Azhari’s poems, the researchers also attempt to answer what didactic teachings are in Azhari’s Resale-ye Kamal and what methods did the poet use to explain them? Through answering this question, the researchers argue that praising the Prophet’s family and Imams, the eulogy of the Safavid sultans, virtual love, the description of life events, satire and sarcasm are the main themes of Azhari's poetry. Like many previous poets, the poet advises and teaches goodness (affirmative education) to his specific and general audience, or forbids them from ugliness and evil (negative education). He has done it sometimes independently and sometimes in the midst of other literary themes and forms. Azhari teaches his educations to the audience either in the direct or in the indirect ways which includes using the devices of storytelling, abstraction, allusion to Quran verses and stories, allegories and genomic verse, hymn, oath, complaint, redundancies, satire and fables. Manuscript profile -
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203 - .
مرتضی هادیان منصوره ثابت زاده HosainAbolhasan tanhaei -
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204 - بررسی ادبی و عرفانی اصطلاحات موسیقی در دیوان غزلیات شمس
بهرام پروین گنابادی لیلا اکثیری -
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205 - غزلی الحاقی در دیوان حافظ (خیال روی تو در هر طریق همره ماست)
محمدرضا ضیاء -
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206 - نقد و بررسی تصحیح دیوان ظهیرالدین فاریابی به کوشش استاد فقید امیرحسین یزدگردی
یاسر دالاوند -
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207 - The Concept of "the Perfection of Demons and Amesha Spenta" Based on Mazda Religion and Pre-Aryan Myths A Structural Analysis
Hojatollāh Esmāeelniā Ganji Rezā Forsati Jooybāri Hosseinali PāshāpāsandiIn this paper, by using descriptive-analytical method, the authors try to consider the concept of "the perfection of Demons and Amesha Spenta" in Avestan language. By delving deeply into the vocabulary structure and the comparative concepts, it is attempted to present a MoreIn this paper, by using descriptive-analytical method, the authors try to consider the concept of "the perfection of Demons and Amesha Spenta" in Avestan language. By delving deeply into the vocabulary structure and the comparative concepts, it is attempted to present a new version of the subject. Dualism can be found in all the details and practices of Mazda religion and has a "tree-like" function; as we move from the root to the details, the proliferation in quantity becomes more apparent while the fundamental properties of the root can be pursued in the sub-branches and details. What constitutes the roots of this dualism is the first confrontation of Ahura Mazda with Ahriman in which Ahura Mazda creates the Amesha Spenta and, in retaliation, Ahriman creates Demons. The detailed analysis of the characteristics of each member of these two groups (Amesha Spenta and Demons) reveals the details of the dualism and the hidden angles of the confrontation. The most effective method to achieve this is to examine and compare the traits of them. This method paves the way for other confrontations that exist in the sub-branches of this "tree-like" system and manifest in the form of and Ahuraic Ormazdian and Ahrimanian creatures. Manuscript profile -
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208 - The Mythological Signs in Yet, madly Divānehvār
Naarges BāgheriMyths are always deeply connected with literature and can affect the form and structure of a literary work in addition to its meaning. Examining and analyzing the mythological relations of a literary text play an important role in explaining its meanings and concepts. B MoreMyths are always deeply connected with literature and can affect the form and structure of a literary work in addition to its meaning. Examining and analyzing the mythological relations of a literary text play an important role in explaining its meanings and concepts. By using analytical-descriptive method, the present study attempts to investigate the mythological signs of the novel Yet, Madly... by Shiva Arastooee. The study of the novel, based on a mythological reading, shows that form and content of it have been affected by the myths. The myth of Shiva is added to the novel to expand its concepts and to shape and drive the narrative forward. She appears as a woman who dances around the clock, adjusting the rhythm of the novel with her movements and deciding what story to tell at what time. Also, in the novel, various signs and symbols such as names (Shiva, the god of the three heads, ...), places (water reservoir, Pandora's box, Palmyra, ...) and concepts such as death and writing are presented as meaningful units of a mythical discourse. Manuscript profile -
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209 - Epic and Mythical Elements in Shānameh and Hadighat-al-Haghigheh and Divan of Sanāi
Abolqasem Qavām Zohreh HāshemiIn Persian classic literature, Sanāi is considered as one of the first innovative poets who have helped to expand poetic theme in various aspects such as panegyric, mystical and especially didactic and philosophical ones. Having mystical and ethical insights, he has had MoreIn Persian classic literature, Sanāi is considered as one of the first innovative poets who have helped to expand poetic theme in various aspects such as panegyric, mystical and especially didactic and philosophical ones. Having mystical and ethical insights, he has had a new attitude to various poetic contents and elements, including lyric, epic and so forth. In this research, we are going to answer this question: how has Sanāi applied the epic and mystic elements of Shānameh in Hadighat-al-Haghigheh and his Divan; and in what way did he look at these elements? On this basis, we conclude that Sanāi has employed these elements on aesthetic, didactic, mystic and panegyric bases respectively. Manuscript profile -
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210 - مطالعه تطبیقی دیوان محاسبات ایران و امریکا
مهتاب عسگری سید سعید موسوی طاهری -
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211 - تحول مصونیت مقامات دولتی از صلاحیت کیفری محاکم خارجی در رویه دیوان بین المللی دادگستری
فخرالدین سلطانی جلال الدین شیرژیان -
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212 - سازوکار نظارت بر نقض اصول مربوط به حقوق ملت در ساختار حقوق اساسی ایران
محمد حسینی داود قاسمی -
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213 - نهاد دادسرا و تشکیلات آن در حقوق ایران و دیوان کیفری بین المللی
طاهره عابدی تهرانی محمدرضا کونانی رامین آریا -
Open Access Article
214 - بایستههای فقهی و قانونی تصدی ریاست دیوان عدالت اداری: با نگاهی به قانون فرانسه
rasoul yazdani Manuchehr Tavassoli Naini masoud raeiزمینه و هدف: دیوان عدالت اداری را میتوان یکی از سازو کارهای کنترلی و نظارتی مهم جلوگیری از نقض قانون اساسی برشمرد. در این میان نقش رئیس دیوان عدالت اداری از اهمیت بسزایی برخوردار است. بر این اساس در این پژوهش به این امر می پردازیم که چه بایسته های فقهی و قانونی برای تص Moreزمینه و هدف: دیوان عدالت اداری را میتوان یکی از سازو کارهای کنترلی و نظارتی مهم جلوگیری از نقض قانون اساسی برشمرد. در این میان نقش رئیس دیوان عدالت اداری از اهمیت بسزایی برخوردار است. بر این اساس در این پژوهش به این امر می پردازیم که چه بایسته های فقهی و قانونی برای تصدی ریاست دیوان عدالت اداری در نظام حقوقی ایران وجود دارد؟ در این راستا نگاهی نیز به قانون فرانسه خواهم داشت.یافته ها و نتایج: برای تصدی ریاست دیوان عدالت اداری بر طبق مر و نص قانون، تنها شرط لازم، سابقه قضایی بیش از 27 سال است. در کنار این شرط، وصف دیگری در متون قانونی مطرح نشده است. اما در سپردن صلاحیتها و بیان شرح وظایف ریاست این دیوان، بنظر می رسد تصویری که قانون گذار از ریاست دیوان در ذهن داشته است، علاوه بر تبحر حقوقی و قضایی، تخصص فقهی و مدیریتی را نیز در خود جای می دهد. این مقاله با بررسی متون قانون از جمله آیین دادرسی و تشکیلات دیوان عدالت اداری، قانون نظام هماهنگ پرداخت و قانون مدیریت خدمات کشور، و نیز با تفسیر ماهوی از اصل حاکمیت قانون، در کنار استفاده از قواعد و اصول فقهی همچون قاعده منع تقدیم افضل بر فاصل، به این نتیجه می رسد که سکوت قانون در بیان شرایط فقهی و مدیریتی لازم برای ریاست دیوان عدالت اداری، از الزام در نظر گرفتن این صفات برای انتصاب افراد به این منصب نمی کاهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
215 - نظارت قضایی برتعقیب و تحقیق در دیوان کیفری بین المللی (Icc)
عبدالرضا منصوری دهبید احمد رمضانی منصور عطاشنه -
Open Access Article
216 - محدودیت های حاکم بر نهاد دادستانی دیوان کیفری بین المللی در تحقیقات مقدماتی
محمدصادق چاووشی -
Open Access Article
217 - چالشهای گفتمان سیاست جنایی دیوانعالی کشور در جرایم علیه امنیت با نگاهی به فشارهای افکار بینالمللی و جهانی
سید عبدالرضا مرعشی باقر shamloo علیرضا saybaniزمینه و هدف: سیاست جنایی دیوانعالی کشور در جرایم علیه امنیت، به دلایل مختلف با چالش-های اساسی مواجه است. مهمترین چالشهای سیاست جنایی دیوانعالی کشور در جرایم علیه امنیت عبارتند از: عدم توجه به یافتههای علمی در رشتههای مختلف برای دستیابی به اصول و نظریات مستند و مس Moreزمینه و هدف: سیاست جنایی دیوانعالی کشور در جرایم علیه امنیت، به دلایل مختلف با چالش-های اساسی مواجه است. مهمترین چالشهای سیاست جنایی دیوانعالی کشور در جرایم علیه امنیت عبارتند از: عدم توجه به یافتههای علمی در رشتههای مختلف برای دستیابی به اصول و نظریات مستند و مستدل، امنیتمداری بر پایهی گفتمان حفظ محوری که بعد از 40 سال از تشکیل حکومت اسلامی همچنان جایگزینی ندارد.روش: پژوهش حاضر به روش توصیفی و تحلیلی انجام شده است.یافته ها و نتایج: تأثیرپذیری افراطی از عوامگرایی کیفری با توجه به گسترش ارتباطات و رسانه-های اجتماعی در فرآیند رسیدگی، صدور حکم و اجرا، میل به راضی نگه داشتن افکار بینالمللی و جهانی و سازمانها و نهادهای بینالمللی با وجود قوانین و مقرراتی که به شدت مورد انتقاد این مراجع هستند، عدم پویایی و عدم هماهنگی بین سیاست قضائی دیوان و سیاست تقنینی در جرایم علیه امنیت و برخی دیگر از چالشهای فنی در فرآیند دادرسی مانند تعیین صلاحیتها، نقض اصول دادرسی منصفانه به عنوان یک راهکار اصلی و اثر بخش که بتواند دیوانعالی کشور را در مسیر مناسب اتخاذ یک سیاست جنایی کارآمد و عدالت محور قرار دهد. از این رو میتوان گفت که بهرهگیری از تجربیات کشورهای دیگر در برخورد با این جرایم و تعامل بیشتر دیوان با نهادهای امنیتی مانند شورای عالی امنیت ملی، کمیسیون امنیت ملی مجلس و وزارت اطلاعات میتواند در رفع چالشها موثر باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
218 - An introduction to the resolution of football disputes in the Iranian and international system
morteza shoaei hojat erab sheybani Field and Aims: Football has been commercialized and turned into an industry over time. The importance and global impact of football has led to large investments in this sport, which may lead to disputes. This form of disputes is known as sports disputes, and in t More Field and Aims: Football has been commercialized and turned into an industry over time. The importance and global impact of football has led to large investments in this sport, which may lead to disputes. This form of disputes is known as sports disputes, and in the current research, we seek to investigate what is the origin of football disputes. And what methods are foreseen in the Iranian system and the international system to solve it?Method: The present research was carried out using a descriptive-analytical method.Finding and Conclusion: Sports disputes are a type of disputes that refer to professional sports that are directly in the field of sports law and include the rules governing sports, the organization of clubs, establishing discipline in the territory of each sport in order to force Athletes and those involved must obey the decisions and observe the limits and limitations of sports activities and observe the foundation of ethical principles. Sports disputes in the field of football may be criminal or legal (due to civil liability or violation of contractual obligations).In Iran's legal system, there are two ways to resolve sports disputes, one of which is through judicial authorities and the other is through quasi-judicial authorities (self-regulation). Regarding football, according to the provisions of the legal pillar in the constitution of the football federation and also the judgment of the Supreme Court of the country, handling the lawsuit is within the jurisdiction of the judicial pillar of the federation. In the international arena, there are institutions to resolve sports disputes. These authorities include football confederations, FIFA Dispute Resolution Authority and the Court of Arbitration for Sport. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
219 - H
مهتاب چاقمی خیرالله پروین اسدالله یاوری -
Open Access Article
220 - The rights of Detained persons from the perspective of the Iranian Code of Criminal Procedure and the rules of the International Criminal Court
Abbas TadayoonField and Aims: The accused should not be considered a criminal at any stage of the trial, and this requires observing the principle of prohibition of unlawful detention of persons and guaranteeing the rights of detainees during the trial and treating them appropriately MoreField and Aims: The accused should not be considered a criminal at any stage of the trial, and this requires observing the principle of prohibition of unlawful detention of persons and guaranteeing the rights of detainees during the trial and treating them appropriately and with dignity during the trial and detention. The principle is based on freedom, and the arrest of individuals is an exception to this principle. Hence, this exception conflicts with the principle of immunity of citizens from arbitrary arrest or detention, which is rooted in the principle of innocence, and this requires that the legal criteria for the arrest and detention of individuals be precisely defined.Method: This is a qualitative and applied research in terms of purpose and in terms of collecting information by documentary method and studying international documents, sources related to the subject and the obtained information has been analyzed descriptively-analytically. Findings and conclusion: In addition to the rights of the interrogation and preliminary investigation, in particular the right to be informed of the charges and the rights of the accused, detainees have the right to be immediately examined by a competent judicial authority to verify the lawfulness of the detention and enjoy other legal rights. And also to protest their legal detention from the beginning of their arrest until their release. Of course, it must be possible to compensate these detainees if their detention is illegal. This is the minimum legal rights of detainees as enshrined in the Code of Criminal Procedure and the Rules and Procedures of Case Courts and the International Criminal Court. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
221 - The Necessity to expand the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court over drug offenses: Examining the 1988 Convention and its effects on Iran's security policies
Askar JalalianField and Aims: The first international document establishing obligations and obligations for signatory states to criminalize the laundering of illicit proceeds under domestic law is the United Nations Convention against Narcotic Drugs, adopted on December 19, 1988, kno MoreField and Aims: The first international document establishing obligations and obligations for signatory states to criminalize the laundering of illicit proceeds under domestic law is the United Nations Convention against Narcotic Drugs, adopted on December 19, 1988, known as the Vienna Convention. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of developing the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court based on the said convention. This development will affect the policies of countries involved in drugs. The main question of the research is considering the articles and provisions of the Vienna Convention against Narcotics and Psychedelics 1988, how is it possible to develop the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court to investigate drug crimes? And what impact the development of the competence in question will have on Iran's counter-narcotics policies. Method: This is a qualitative and applied research in terms of purpose and in terms of collecting information by documentary method and studying international documents, sources related to the subject and the obtained information has been analyzed descriptively-analytically. Findings and conclusion: The findings show that the 1988 Convention on Territorial and Flag Jurisdiction addresses the issue of dealing with narcotics crimes and that it is possible to extend the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court to narcotics crimes. If the development is identified, Iran's security plans to combat drug trafficking will change. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
222 - رویکرد دیوان بین المللی دادگستری در توسعه منابع حقوق بین الملل در پرتو ماده 38 اساسنامه
سید محمد باقر amirian sadeg salimi محسن mohebi mohsen abdollahi -
Open Access Article
223 - Iran's international judicial policy regarding the assassination of personalities with a look at the assassination of Lieutenant Sepahbod Qassem Soleimani
mohamad salehi Shahrdad darabi alireza saiedField and Aims: So far, many actions have been taken against Iranian officials and scientists with the aim of assassinating them and martyring them. Based on this, the American government martyred Sepahbod Qassem Soleimani near the Baghdad airport during an operation in MoreField and Aims: So far, many actions have been taken against Iranian officials and scientists with the aim of assassinating them and martyring them. Based on this, the American government martyred Sepahbod Qassem Soleimani near the Baghdad airport during an operation in 2020. This action was carried out by the order of the President of the United States, Donald Trump, in the form of a drone attack on the territory of Iraq, which violated many international regulations.On the other hand, the Iranian government took measures to counter it, which are part of these measures in the form of legal and judicial measures, which were examined in this research to finally clarify Iran's judicial policy in this field.Finding and Conclusion: Regarding the false claim of the United States that there is a security agreement with Iraq, it should be acknowledged that with reference to Article (3) of this agreement, it is clear that the authorization of terrorist acts or any military operations by the United States on the territory of Iraq, which is in clear contradiction In compliance with the laws, international customs, conventions of the Iraqi government and the spirit that governs it, it is invalid and free from any legal burden. The actions of the Iranian government in the form of judicial measures are divided into two categories: prosecution in international courts (International Court of Justice and International Criminal Court) as well as lawsuits in the domestic courts of the Iraqi government and the domestic courts of Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
224 - بررسی تطبیقی وظیفه مرجع قضایی در صورت سکوت قانون در دیوان بین المللی دادگستری و دادگاه های ایران
علیرضا نامی حسین نامی -
Open Access Article
225 - The concept and nature of genocide: A look at the legal aspects of the genocide of Rohingya Muslims
Mohammad Taghi Gohernia Ismail Rahiminejad Reza FaniField and Aims: Although genocide was not an independent crime in the past and was subject to crimes against humanity, the severity and heinous nature of the acts, as well as the special malice that is unique to this crime, quickly recognized it as an independent crime MoreField and Aims: Although genocide was not an independent crime in the past and was subject to crimes against humanity, the severity and heinous nature of the acts, as well as the special malice that is unique to this crime, quickly recognized it as an independent crime in international documents. This crime has been committed against various groups throughout history, the most recent of which is the Rohingya Muslim. Therefore, while examining the concept and nature of this crime, we study what are the legal dimensions of the genocide of Rohingya Muslims? Method: This is a qualitative and applied research in terms of purpose and in terms of collecting information by documentary method and studying international documents, sources related to the subject and the obtained information has been analyzed descriptively-analytically. Findings and conclusion: Although genocide is prohibited and criminalized in international instruments, including the Treaty on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the Rome Statute, it is one of the crimes that is now a customary international law that obliges all non-member states to commit such acts. Numerous crimes have been committed against Rohingya Muslims so far, and the government has played an important role in committing and intensifying these crimes, in accordance with the examples of genocide in international instruments such as murder, grievous bodily harm, and deliberate deprivation of life. And measures to prevent childbirth, genocide are being committed in Myanmar. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
226 - Resolving disputes in the procedure of the International Court of Arbitration for Sport
morteza shoaeiField and Aims: Dispute resolution through arbitration in the domestic and international arena has revolutionized the dispute resolution system. In the meantime, sports disputes are not excluded from this and an international court has supported this structure. Based on MoreField and Aims: Dispute resolution through arbitration in the domestic and international arena has revolutionized the dispute resolution system. In the meantime, sports disputes are not excluded from this and an international court has supported this structure. Based on this, in this article, we will examine what is the position of dispute resolution in the procedure of the International Court of Arbitration for Sport. Method: This research was carried out in terms of practical purpose and in terms of gathering information by documentary method and through the study of valid laws and sources, and the obtained information was analyzed in a descriptive-analytical manner. Findings and Conclusion: Creating a specialized authority to resolve international disputes and providing a flexible, fast and low-cost procedure led to the formation of the Sports Arbitration Court. From the very beginning of its establishment, it was clear that the jurisdiction of the court should not be imposed on athletes or federations, but should be freely available to the parties. The statutes and regulations of the court have provided only one type of dispute proceedings, regardless of the nature of the dispute. The procedure of the court is first based on compromise, and if no peace is reached, proceedings are carried out in order to issue an arbitration award. In 1994, this structure underwent changes, and these changes included the creation of two arbitration divisions (regular arbitration division and appeal arbitration division) in order to create a clear distinction between exemplary disputes and disputes resulting from a decision taken by a sports body. Also, in the rules of this court, the cases that the court has the jurisdiction to deal with have been enumerated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
227 - Corrupt on Foreign Investment and the Host State’s Responsibility in the ICSID Arbitral Tribunal Procedure
Javad SalehiField and Aims: Corrupt on foreign investment and its results in the ICSID procedure is one of the new topics in international investment law. Investigating the different dimensions and the impact of the ICSID procedure on investor’s rights and the responsibility MoreField and Aims: Corrupt on foreign investment and its results in the ICSID procedure is one of the new topics in international investment law. Investigating the different dimensions and the impact of the ICSID procedure on investor’s rights and the responsibility of the host state in relation to foreign investment is of importance, objectives and subject matter of this article.Method: The research method is descriptive-analytical and critical to answer a question, what is the impact of corrupted foreign investment on investor rights and the responsibility of the host state in the ICSID procedure?Finding and Conclusion: The findings show that arbitration based on the investment treaty combined with corruption is rejected at the request of the foreign investor in the ICSID. This procedure has two achievements, two on the same coin. First, the investor is deprived of legal protections and arbitration. Ignoring investor rights resulting from playing its role as the first party to corruption is self-imposed and inevitable. Second, the host state is clear of responsibility for the foreign investor by corruption defense and proving it. The situation suggests a benefit of corruption for the host state, while host state agents are also the second party to corruption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
228 - Prosecution to trial in the International Criminal Court and explanation of precursors to justice in the proceedings
ebrahim firoozian haji Karan RouhaniAccording to the researches on the elements and components of precursors of justice in international criminal proceedings, it can be claimed that today the use of these precursors has a high place in the documents and procedures of the International Criminal Court. It i MoreAccording to the researches on the elements and components of precursors of justice in international criminal proceedings, it can be claimed that today the use of these precursors has a high place in the documents and procedures of the International Criminal Court. It is used through various mechanisms at different stages of the proceedings, from the beginning of the investigation to the appeal and execution of the sentence. Restrictions and oversight of the prosecutor's office, the right of the accused to be present at the hearing, the influence of human rights considerations on trials, the observance of the guarantees of a fair trial, the widespread recognition of the right to appeal and many others are just some of the precursors to justice, which are observed within the framework of the International Criminal Court. However, some ambiguities, as well as the dual nature of international criminal proceedings which is rooted in both common law and civil law legal systems, have made it difficult to follow the precursors of justice. However, the establishment of objective elements, as well as a careful and thorough examination of the procedure of the International Criminal Court and Adhoc Triabunals, can provide more objective criteria to ensure a fair trial and ultimately justice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
229 - Suspension of Criminal Prosecution of a Foreign Investor by Reliance to the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) Arbitration Tribunal’s Provisional Measures
Javad SalehiField and Aims: Reliance to Provisional Measures in the ICSID Arbitration Tribunal to suspend criminal prosecution is a new issue in international investment law. The host state will prosecute a foreign investor after to start investing disputes in the ICSID Arbitration MoreField and Aims: Reliance to Provisional Measures in the ICSID Arbitration Tribunal to suspend criminal prosecution is a new issue in international investment law. The host state will prosecute a foreign investor after to start investing disputes in the ICSID Arbitration Tribunal to prevent from international arbitration. Therefore, the study of different dimensions of this approach is important and one of the aims and subject of this paper. Method: The research method is descriptive-analytical and critical to answer a question by relying on the ICSID Arbitration Tribunal’s procedure. Research question is what are the effect of the ICSID Arbitration Tribunal’s Provisional Measures in denying the host state’s sovereignty in prosecuting a foreign investor? Findings and Conclusion: Research findings show that the imposition of Provisional Measures, acceptance of the investment agreement, reliance of the parties on the international arbitration mechanism before disputes arising to ignore the host state’s sovereignty in prosecuting foreign investors at the same time as the international arbitration begins, so that fair arbitration will be carried out while maintaining equality of arms Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
230 - The legal nature and guarantee of the execution of the Provisional measures of the International Court of Justice in the light of the procedure of the Court and the performance of the countries
mahdiye Ardeshir Moghadam heybatolah Najandi Manesh mohamadali solhchiField and Aims: According to its statute, the International Court of Justice has the authority to issue temporary measures in order to protect the rights of the parties to the dispute and also to prevent the spread and deterioration of the dispute. From the beginning, t MoreField and Aims: According to its statute, the International Court of Justice has the authority to issue temporary measures in order to protect the rights of the parties to the dispute and also to prevent the spread and deterioration of the dispute. From the beginning, these appointments have been faced with different interpretations of the related countries. Some countries considered these appointments non-binding; while others considered them binding. There was some disagreement in doctrine as well. In this article, while examining the legal nature of temporary measures, it has been discussed whether there is an enforceable guarantee in international law for the implementation of temporary measures or not? In addition, what is the procedure of countries in this regard?Method: The present research was carried out with a descriptive-analytical method.Findings and Conclusions: According to the court's procedure, especially in the Lagrand case, the orders of temporary measures of the court are binding. Therefore, the addressee countries of these agreements are legally required to implement them. The agreement is a temporary measure, including the binding decisions of the court, and the countries use different methods to implement it, including unilateral measures, referring to the Security Council, referring to domestic courts, and countermeasures. The guarantee of the implementation of temporary measures is the same as the guarantee of the implementation of international law. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
231 - The supremacy of the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court over the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice in dealing with cyber aggression
Ali reza Mohaghegh harcheghan mohammad Ardebili Ebrahim Beigzadeh Mohammad Ali Mahdavi SabetField and Aims: On July 17, 2018, two decades after the adoption of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court activated its jurisdiction over the crime of aggression. This crime was defined in 2010 by the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute (ASP) a MoreField and Aims: On July 17, 2018, two decades after the adoption of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court activated its jurisdiction over the crime of aggression. This crime was defined in 2010 by the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute (ASP) as a material element of state conduct. "crime of aggression" in a position to effectively control or direct the political or military actions of a State and is in flagrant violation of the Charter of Nations It is considered united. The purpose of this research is to examine the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court and the International Court of Justice in dealing with the crime of aggression, with an emphasis on cyber aggression.Method: This research was analyzed in descriptive-analytical . Findings and Conclusion: Cyber aggression means aggression that has been committed by computer-centered networks. In order to attribute cyber attacks to the government, it is necessary to consider the criterion of effective control. What is meant by effective control is that the government in question has exercised authority to form cyber aggression. The International Criminal Court has two jurisdictional regimes regarding the crime of cyber aggression. The first case is initiated by government referrals or due investigations by the prosecutor, and the second case is initiated by the Security Council referrals. another result of the research shows that the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court in dealing with cyber aggression is superior to the jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
232 - Effectively dealing with international crimes in the light of expansionInternational Criminal Court and Interpol cooperation
Ataallah Salehi Omid Mohammadi NiaField and Aims: The growth of international crimes is an important factor against international security. However, consensus on the seriousness and danger of these crimes has always become an important challenge among governments, and this has made dealing with these cr MoreField and Aims: The growth of international crimes is an important factor against international security. However, consensus on the seriousness and danger of these crimes has always become an important challenge among governments, and this has made dealing with these crimes difficult. In this regard, various international organizations such as the International Criminal Court and Interpol have been established by governments to deal with international crimes, and their relationships and limits of cooperation are the challenge of this research. Method: This article is written in a descriptive-analytical way. Finding and Conclusion: Although there are many international crimes in the international arena and governments face challenges in facing them, not necessarily all of them were considered by the founders in the process of establishing the International Criminal Court. In addition, what challenges the investigation and prosecution of the crimes committed by the International Criminal Court are the jurisdictional limitations of this court, which include subject, time, place, supplementary and personal jurisdiction. Meanwhile, the role of Interpol in dealing with international crimes is expanding. Although the governments have not reached a consensus regarding international crimes, Interpol does not face the limitations of the International Criminal Court in prosecuting many crimes and has the possibility of prosecuting many crimes contrary to the International Criminal Court. Although the scope of activities of Interpol and the International Criminal Court are not the same, they can take important measures in order to deal with international crimes in the same common scope. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
233 - بررسی نظر مشورتی دیوان بینالمللی دادگستری در مورد اعلامیهی یک جانبهی استقلال کوزوو
رضا فاضل -
Open Access Article
234 - مسئولیت مدنی ناشی از تصرف غیرمجاز
جعفر نیاکی -
Open Access Article
235 - تحلیل و نقد افتراقی بودن دادرسی نظامی
حامد عطارنیا رجب گلدوست جویباری محمد علی اردبیلی -
Open Access Article
236 - مفهوم صلاحیت گزینشی درآرای دیوان عدالت اداری
وحید بابازاد اسداله یاوری -
Open Access Article
237 - تحلیل رای دیوان بین المللی دادگستری در قضیه مربوط به اعمال کنوانسیون منع و مجازات جزم کشتار جمعی از نگاه قضات دیوان (بوسنی هرزگوین علیه جمهوری صربستان)
حمید الهویی نظری -
Open Access Article
238 - A
محمد رضا سبحانی رضا موسی زاده حسین شریفی طرازکوهی سعید منصوری -
Open Access Article
239 - نسبیت احکام دیوان بینالمللی دادگستری در نظریه و عمل
سید قام زمانی سوده شاملو -
Open Access Article
240 - بررسی عنصر روانی در حقوق کیفری بین المللی
پویان بیگلری لیلا رئیسی محمود جلالی -
Open Access Article
241 - حق بر صلح در نظام حقوق بین الملل در پرتو رویه و عملکرد دیوانهای کیفری بین المللی
حسین رستم زاد -
Open Access Article
242 - تعویق تحقیقیا تعقیب در دیوان کیفری بینالمللی
سجاد عباسی رجب گلدوست جویباری -
Open Access Article
243 - نقد و بررسی رأی شماره 146-29/11/1373 هیئت عمومی دیوان عدالت اداری در خصوص صلاحیت دیوان عدالت اداری جهت رسیدگی به شکایات شرکتهای وابسته به بنیاد جانبازان و مستضعفان
علی انصاری سیدمحمدهادی راجی -
Open Access Article
244 - نقش دیوان عدالت اداری در توسعه و حمایت از حقوق بشر
قدرت اله نوروزی -
Open Access Article
245 - Descriptive-analytical study of political commitment in the poetry of Izz al-Din Mahyoubi relying on the court of Gharabin Lilmilad Al-Fajr
Hamze Ahmed Osman Masoud Bavan Puri Narges Lorestani Hadiseh MotevalliPalestine problem is a global problem which has had a special manifestation in the contemporary poetry and people suffering pain of the bitter colonization and occupation around the world, have paid special attention to it. Libertarians and freedom fighters from differe MorePalestine problem is a global problem which has had a special manifestation in the contemporary poetry and people suffering pain of the bitter colonization and occupation around the world, have paid special attention to it. Libertarians and freedom fighters from different countries and with different languages have spoken about the oppression and persecution of the usurpers of the olive land and have protested against it. Algerian poets, who have tasted the bitterness of colonialism themselves, have paid special attention to Palestine in their poems. Izz al-Din Mahyoubi is one of these poets whom various aspects of Palestine Issue could be observed in his poems. He has considered critically the Palestinian children martyrdom is. He considers Qods as his own homeland and has always considered the children sling martyrs alive. Using descriptive-analytical approach, this paper attempt to explain and analyze the poems of this Algerian poet on Palestine and his commitment on it by reviewing Court "Gharabin Lilmilad Al-Fajr" . Manuscript profile -
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246 - تآثیر اشعار جامی (دیوان و هفت اورنگ) بر تصویرهای شاعرانه هفت منظرهاتفی...
سیاوش مرشدی علی اصغر حلبی -
Open Access Article
247 - Reflection of folklore in Shams' Ghazaliat
latifeh salamat bavilFolklore is a branch of the culture of each nation and its component parts. All known cultures and communities in the world have folklore. Its wide dimensions include customs, celebrations and rituals, traditions, beliefs and so on has been reflected in the works of man MoreFolklore is a branch of the culture of each nation and its component parts. All known cultures and communities in the world have folklore. Its wide dimensions include customs, celebrations and rituals, traditions, beliefs and so on has been reflected in the works of many poets and writers. Ghazaliat (lyrical poems) of Shams or Divan-e- Kabir as one of the richest cultural treasures of the Persian language is particular importance due to various components of folklore. It has deep roots in the culture of people it has come to serve mystical thoughts of Mowlana in that material and spiritual elements of folklore. This paper In a descriptive – analytical way analyzes the material and spiritual elements in Ghazaliat of Shams .Since the study of all components and indices of folklore is not possible in this paper therefore among the spiritual elements is reviewed the customs , beliefs and general language and among material elements is reviewed jobs, food and clothing. Mowlana has used these elements to express the link between poetry and the life of the people. Familiarizing them can open up many ambiguities of hia poems and give us a true understanding of them. Manuscript profile -
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248 - گوته و مشرق زمین
آرمین فاضل زاد -
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249 - روش و جایگاه ادبی حمزه اصفهانی در روایت و شرح دیوان ابو نواس
عنایت الله فاتحی نژاد حمید عابدی فیروز جایی -
Open Access Article
250 - The religious and cultural consequences of the migration of Iranian Shiite bureaucrats to the Deccan Peninsula with an emphasis on the role of the Persian language (Bahmanian rule with an emphasis on the role of Khwaja Mahmoud Gavan)
ramezan hasanvand Seyyed Mahmood sina foroozeshThe Bahmanians were the first independent Muslim government in South India, who ruled this region from 748 to 932 AD. The founder of this family had Iranian ancestry. For this reason, he and his successors showed great attention to Iranian culture and civilization and t MoreThe Bahmanians were the first independent Muslim government in South India, who ruled this region from 748 to 932 AD. The founder of this family had Iranian ancestry. For this reason, he and his successors showed great attention to Iranian culture and civilization and the employment of Iranians in various political and social positions such as the ministry and chancellery. The migration of Iranian Shias to the Deccan increased significantly from the middle of the 8th century and reached its peak in the 10th and 11th centuries. A large number of elites and nobles moved to the Bahmani court in the Deccan. Bahmani kings also encouraged this migration. The migration of these scholars, political men, poets and doctors had many consequences in the religious and cultural fields of Deccan. The findings of the current research were done using library sources and descriptive-analytical method. It shows that these migrations caused the spread of Shiism and the spread of Iranian-Islamic culture and civilization in the Deccan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
251 - The legitimacy of the Nine-Dash line of the 2009 China Declaration in the South China Sea
seyed fakhrodin mokhtari mohammad ali solhchi mansour pournouriAbstract:China issued a map to the UN Secretary-General announced the drawing of a Nine Dash Line in the South China Sea, In 2009. This Nine-Dash Line cover's all the main islands of the South China Sea. Also, the method of delimitation with this Nine-Dash Line is such MoreAbstract:China issued a map to the UN Secretary-General announced the drawing of a Nine Dash Line in the South China Sea, In 2009. This Nine-Dash Line cover's all the main islands of the South China Sea. Also, the method of delimitation with this Nine-Dash Line is such that it interferes with the Exclusive Economic Zones and the Continental Shelf of other neighbors. This way of drawing lines was not reformed even with China's accession to the Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982). The Philippines as the most affected and protesting country, Claims incompatibility of China's Nine-Dash Line with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982) and considered all Chinese actions contrary to its obligations under this convention. According to this Convention and aimed at resolving disputes, The Philippines submitted its bill and petition to the Arbitral Tribunal pursuant to Annex 7 of the Convention. The summary conclusion of this study is that although the delimitation of borders, including maritime borders, is unilaterally practical in principle, a country cannot introduce itself as a coastal country outside the scope of international law and in areas that overlap with other coastal countries, to draw border lines unilaterally, and it is assumed that the Nine-Dash line drawn by China has no legitimate justification. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and relying on library resources. Manuscript profile -
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252 - The doctrine of clean hands with emphasis on the dispute between Iran and the United States in Property Confiscation case
abbas barzegarzadehOne of the preliminary objections of the United States of America in the case of the Certain iranian assets of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran, raised in the International Court of Justice following the ruling of the Supreme Court (2016) was the citatio MoreOne of the preliminary objections of the United States of America in the case of the Certain iranian assets of the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran, raised in the International Court of Justice following the ruling of the Supreme Court (2016) was the citation of the doctrine of clean hands. The main point of this descriptive-analytical study is to examine the US preliminary objection based on the Doctrine of the Clean Hands. The United States had claimed that the Iranian government had revoked the right to sue by supporting terrorism and the special face of Lebanese Hezbollah Has done. The International Court of Justice, while accepting the defenses of the Iranian legal team, rejected the US objections to the jurisdiction and hearing of the petition. The Doctrine of the Clean Hands has a long history in the legal literature and has been accepted by international arbitration bodies as a condition for hearing a petition, but has never been accepted by the International Court of Justice as a preliminary objection, and the Court often Examination has referred it to the mertis level. In the case of the dispute between Iran and the United States, the Court did not violate its jurisprudence . Manuscript profile -
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253 - Default of appearance before an International Arbitration Tribunal with emphasizing on c China and the Philippines Case
seyed fakhrodin mokhtari mohammad ali solhchi mansour pournouriObservance of the adversarial principle is associated with that the trial is not conducted in the absence of one parties. On the other hand, observing the interests of the party that has referred to the competent tribunal requires continued consideration and issuance fi MoreObservance of the adversarial principle is associated with that the trial is not conducted in the absence of one parties. On the other hand, observing the interests of the party that has referred to the competent tribunal requires continued consideration and issuance final decision. If a country can deprive the jurisdiction from the competent tribunal by not appearing, this will severely undermine the credibility of peaceful dispute resolution. China issued a plan to the UN Secretary-General in 2009 and announced the drawing of a Nine-Dash Line in the South China Sea. The Philippines as the most protesting country, alleges an international dispute over the incompatibility of China's Nine-Dash Line with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982) and on January 22, 2013, citing the provisions of the Convention, it referred its case against China to an arbitration tribunal under Section 7, Chapter 15 of the Convention. China declined to participate in all proceedings because it considered the arbitration tribunal incompetent to hear the dispute. This article intends to examine the validity of the dispute resolution process in the event of default to appear before the competent tribunal. The concise conclusion of this article is that the country absent from the proceedings is still considered as a party to the dispute and mere absence will not cause the deterioration of this position or the loss of competence of the competent tribunal but special tasks are established for the competent tribunal, which are examined in this article. Manuscript profile -
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254 - The International Capacities of the Legal Investigation of the Assassination of Nuclear Martyrs
saleh Rerzaei PishrobatThe assassination of Iran's nuclear scientists is one of the most important and bitter events of the country in recent decades. This issue can be examined from different perspectives and the present article examines and evaluates it from a legal perspective and in MoreThe assassination of Iran's nuclear scientists is one of the most important and bitter events of the country in recent decades. This issue can be examined from different perspectives and the present article examines and evaluates it from a legal perspective and in a descriptive-analytical way. The main question to which this article intents to answer is what capacities are there in the international arena for the legal investigation of the assassination of these scientists and to what extent can the Islamic Republic of Iran use them in order to exercise its legitimate rights? The hypothesis and findings of this research indicate that in the current situation, in international law, there are mechanisms for the legal investigation of the assassination of nuclear scientists, which in the present case, the Islamic Republic of Iran can also use them within the prescribed framework, But at the same time, there are some gaps and shortcomings in this field, which may face challenges in the legal pursuit of these assassinations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
255 - File readout of Iran – England Oil Company in International Court of Justice
Davood aghaeeFollowing nationalization of Iran oil industry on 20 March1951 as well as dispossession from Iran-England oil company, English government believing that the act of nationalization of Iran oil industry based on stipulations and provisions of the contract between Iran and MoreFollowing nationalization of Iran oil industry on 20 March1951 as well as dispossession from Iran-England oil company, English government believing that the act of nationalization of Iran oil industry based on stipulations and provisions of the contract between Iran and England means unilateral redemption of the contract, supporting its nationals through diplomatic actions against Iranian government and based on the notice mandatory acceptance of jurisdiction of the court of justice registered a petition in secretariat of court of justice. Iran, acting such like, in a document entitled preliminary consideration, objected the jurisdiction of court of justice hearing the case. Iran said one of the reasons of court of justice jurisdiction hearing the claim is its interpretation out of article 2 paragraph 7 of UN charter concerning prevention from interference which is an inherent jurisdiction of governments as well as other reasons practiced in context to how ever and in spite of providing various reasons by English government to prove the jurisdiction of court of justice to consider the case, court of justice, finally, rejected its jurisdiction in a superficial decision and removed from the agenda the case. However, this paper studies and researches, from a legal view, process performed from the onset to decision and parties reasoning and implications of international court of justice judges that are emphatic for proving rightness of Iranian government and people nationalizing oil industry Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
256 - Review of the Legal Challenges in Front of Iran and USA on the Airbus File
Seyed Davood AghaeeAbstract On July 3, 1988, the American Vincennes battleship, based in Persian Gulf, moved to the outskirt of Persian Islands, Qeshm and Hengam, in response to the report of another American battleship present in the zone stating that a Pakistani commercial ship had been MoreAbstract On July 3, 1988, the American Vincennes battleship, based in Persian Gulf, moved to the outskirt of Persian Islands, Qeshm and Hengam, in response to the report of another American battleship present in the zone stating that a Pakistani commercial ship had been attacked. Following this action, as claimed by the Iranian authorities, a few Iranian military boats shot at Vincennes which was followed by the reaction of the American cruiser. During the conflict, the said battleship shot two missiles at the airliner of Iran Air Company. Flight No. 655 who was carrying 290 passengers and crew from Bandar Abbas airport to Dubai and the airliner crashed. Immediately after the occurrence of that accident, the Iranian government brought up the case to ICAO. ICAO just condemned the case and did not blame America. Therefore, Iran’s objective was not fulfilled in that investigation. Therefore, after the crash, the US government refused to accept any responsibility or to indemnify Iran Air Company. Rather, it declared its preparedness to directly indemnify the survivors of the accident. The Iranian government rejected the proposal and filed a petition at the International Court of Justice on May 17, 1989 and subsequently submitted its plead to that court. In its suit, Iran sought for the following objectives: - Reconsideration concerning ICAO’s decision dated March 17, 1989 that had expressed that the US government had not violated Chicago Convention; - Making a decision on violation of the convention for prohibition of illegal measures against the security of civil aviation (Montreal Convention) by the US government due to the crash of Iran Air airplane; - Determining the compensation which should be paid by the US government subject to the proof of the violation contained in the above clause; Therefore, this Article aims to read out the case on the crash of Iranian airbus by the American Vincennes battleship, to find about how the accident happened as well as about legal claims of Iran, to review the legal challenge between Iran and America and finally to find how and why that case was closed at the International Court of Justice before review. Manuscript profile -
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257 - Study on Applicability of Amity Treaty of 1955 for Propounding the Case in the ICJ in Regard to the Western Sanctions against Iran
Seyed Hassan Mirfakhraei Sadegh PiriAbstract The Amity treaty between Iran and the United States of America was signed in 1955. Since the Treaty creates rights and obligations for both parties and referring the cancellation or termination of the treaty by any of the parties has not been executed or submi MoreAbstract The Amity treaty between Iran and the United States of America was signed in 1955. Since the Treaty creates rights and obligations for both parties and referring the cancellation or termination of the treaty by any of the parties has not been executed or submitted, as well as the claims of the two sides also referred to the International Court of Justice(ICJ), therefore, this treaty could be applicable for different legal cases at present and in the future inevitably. In this article we will try to investigate the provisions of the Treaty and the Vienna Convention as well as the International Court of Justice in the cases of Iran and America accordingly, mentioning the fact that this treaty has the ability to come into force in the cases involved between the two parties. Subsequently we shall try to state the American typology of sanctions against Iran, Showing that these sanctions are in violation of the provisions stated in the Treaty of Amity according to the treaty rights, and therefore can be discussed at the International Court of Justice. Manuscript profile -
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258 - Armed attack of Saudi Arabia to Yemen according to International Criminal Law
Mohammad Javad Heidarian Dolatabadi Rasool Mazaheri KoohestaniThe military offensive against the Yemeni-led Arab-led Arab-led coalition and the firefighting of civilian targets are an illicit justification and a clear indication of the violation of Yemen's territorial integrity. The legal right to self-defense for the Yemeni MoreThe military offensive against the Yemeni-led Arab-led Arab-led coalition and the firefighting of civilian targets are an illicit justification and a clear indication of the violation of Yemen's territorial integrity. The legal right to self-defense for the Yemeni people as well as the international responsibility for Saudi Arabia, including the results of this violation, is in the light of international law. The crimes of the Saudis in Yemen are punishable by international criminal law in violation of the principle of separation and non-invasion of civilians and civilian property, the non-use of prohibited weapons and the prevention of the transfer of humanitarian assistance in accordance with humanitarian law, such as acts, Is in violation of the Geneva Conventions and can be considered as a war crime. It can also be seen that with the formation of a coalition and the systematic and systematic attack of Saudi Arabia and the widespread slaughter of the Yemeni people because of their religion, elements of the international crime of genocide can be observed. . Saudi Arabia's unlawful involvement in the attack on Yemen, even if viewed as legitimate in defense of the incumbent president of that country and made it an unconventional armed conflict, is still not justified by the humanitarian violations of the military and civilians. Manuscript profile -
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259 - Analysis of changes in the social structure of interpersonal relationships with emphasis on social factors
Meysam shamsyan Lila niroomand Somayeh Tajik Ismaeili Nourouz HashemzehiOrganizations are the most important communication institutions that people are often able and willing to talk to each other. Communication is a process based on interdependence in which each person's behavior is the result and message of another behavior. Interpersonal MoreOrganizations are the most important communication institutions that people are often able and willing to talk to each other. Communication is a process based on interdependence in which each person's behavior is the result and message of another behavior. Interpersonal communication is a key factor in organizational success. Interpersonal communication can be established verbally-non-verbally as well as formally-informally. Attention to the objectives of the research is in terms of survey method. The statistical population includes thousands of employees of the Court of Administrative Justice of Tehran province who used Morgan table to determine 278 samples and were studied by regular sampling method. Reliability of data collection tool with alpha coefficient Cronbach and its validity were confirmed by the opinions of professors and experts. The results show that the level of interpersonal communication conflict is moderate. Also, the results of Pearson coefficient show that among the various social factors, there are three variables. Social participation, social trust and mother's social status were significantly correlated with interpersonal relationships of employees. But there was no significant correlation between father social status variable and interpersonal relationships of employees. Multivariate regression results showed that only social trust with beta (52 / 0-) Reduces employees in interpersonal communication and acts in the opposite direction. Manuscript profile -
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260 - Victims' rights from the perspective of jurisprudence and criminal procedure approved in 1392 and the Statute of the International Criminal Court
Ghasem karbasfrosh Habib AsadyWith the emergence of victim protection and the emergence of supportive victimology in the twentieth century, the forgotten position of the victim in the criminal process was restored and its findings expressed in the form of universal standards for victim protection. V MoreWith the emergence of victim protection and the emergence of supportive victimology in the twentieth century, the forgotten position of the victim in the criminal process was restored and its findings expressed in the form of universal standards for victim protection. Victim support is an indispensable and indisputable factor in criminal proceedings. This support has various manifestations that governments usually try to provide at least. The Iranian legislator also in the Criminal Procedure Code of 2013, defining the word "victim" and addressing rights such as the right to be recognized and to be given the right to be victimized have the right to be informed, have immediate and easy access to the criminal justice system; , The right to confidentiality of investigations, compensation of victims, the right to legal aid and assistance and special representation to the victims, the equality of rights of the accused with the equality of arms, the right to medical and psychological protection, the rights of the victim at the stage. Appeal, in line with ethics, has shifted its course toward the moral rights system. There is much to think and research about since this orbital ethic in the Iranian penal system has not had such a long history.Comparative studies in this article show that the above rights are in line with the rights found in the Statute and Rules of Procedure of the International Criminal Court; therefore, the Code of Criminal Procedure adopted in 2013, despite its theoretical objections and possible drawbacks He has tried to have a uniform and ethical view of the rights of the accused and the victim in relation to the previous rules of our country. To this end, it has made assurances that this realization will be possible in the real world. On the one hand, by providing ... Manuscript profile -
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261 - Feasibility of pursuing the assassination of Sardar Soleimani in the International Criminal Court and the International Court of Justice and Domestic Law
Fatemeh Aghamiri zahra Fehreste Ebrahim YaghoutiThe Military Action Of The United States Of America In Martyring The High-Ranking Military Officials Of The Country Of Iran, Qassem Soleimani, On January 3, 2020, The Issue That Was Raised Among Iranian And International Lawyers From The beginning Was The Legal Response MoreThe Military Action Of The United States Of America In Martyring The High-Ranking Military Officials Of The Country Of Iran, Qassem Soleimani, On January 3, 2020, The Issue That Was Raised Among Iranian And International Lawyers From The beginning Was The Legal Response Of Islamic Republic Of Iran Government To This Incident. Contrary To What It Claims, The American Military Action In This Incident Does Not Comply With Preventive Or Preemptive Elements And The Conditions Of Legitimate Defense And Is An International Violation. The Feasibility Of Judicial Pursuit Of Criminal Liability And Civil Liability Resulting From This Illegal Act In The International Criminal Court And The International Court Of Justice Is The Subject Of This Article. Despite The Non-Membership Of Iran And The United States In The Statute Of The International Criminal Court, Iran Can, By Persuading The Iraqi Government To Accept The Court's Case Jurisdiction, Provide The Possibility Of Exercising The Court's Jurisdiction Over This Case, But Even In This Case, The Case Of The Assassination Of Lt. Gen. Soleimani Cannot Be Pursued Within The Framework Of One Of The Four Crimes Under The Court's Jurisdiction. The Most Effective Legal Mechanism Is Pursuing The Civil Responsibility Of The American Government For This Criminal Act According To The "Convention On The Prevention And Punishment Of Crimes Against Internationally Protected Persons, Including Political Missionaries" (1973), Which The Governments Of Iran And The United States Are Members Of. And Also Preventing The Establishment Of A Mixed International Court, Especially Through The Conclusion Of An Agreement Or The General Assembly Of The United Nations Or The Organization Of Islamic Cooperation. This Convention Prohibits The Commission Of Certain Crimes, Including Murder, Against Persons Under International Protection. It Has Predicted A Dispute Resolution Mechanism That Will Eventually End Up In The International Court Of Justice. Manuscript profile -
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262 - بررسی سبک شناسی لایهای اشعار عارف سنندجی
صباح حسینی محمد علی گذشتی اشرف شیبانی اقدم -
Open Access Article
263 - بررسی انواع تشبیه در غزلیّات و قصاید حکیم نظامی گنجوی
حسین اسماعیللو -
Open Access Article
264 - Studying the Mythological Elements in the Lyric Works of Amir Khosrow Dehlavi
Parisa Gholamzadeh Nikjou Ayyub Kooshan Rostam AmaniAbstract The mythological and epical elements have so rooted in the Persian literature that they have even been reflected in the lyric and mystical works. The existence of these elements In lyric poetry is the topic of our discussion in this essay. Our aim is to ex MoreAbstract The mythological and epical elements have so rooted in the Persian literature that they have even been reflected in the lyric and mystical works. The existence of these elements In lyric poetry is the topic of our discussion in this essay. Our aim is to excavate and explain the reflected mythological elements in Amir Khosrow Dehlavi's lyric works. We want to show those unstudied elements in his poetry. The background of this research are : the reflection of rites in Dehlavi's diwan studying the elements of public culture and the related miracle in it. The research has been done in descriptive-analytic method plus logical reasoning. The procedure is to find distiches linked with the title and their documentation and analyzing each of them. The total reasons attained are :mythological and epic elements in Persian lyric works which have been reflected in Dehlavi's poetry from which the most prolific reflected elements are the water of animal, Majnoon, Yoosef, Eskandar, Khezr prophet, Nowrooz ; and the least prolific ones are mythological and epical elements as Simorgh, Zal Zar, Yaghoob Rostam and Dara. Manuscript profile -
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265 - The Stance of Narrative Allegory in Seyyed Bahaoddin Mostofil Mamalek's Diwan ( book of Poetry )
Shiva Deh Bozorghi Ali Mohammad Moazeni Sorollah NowrooziAbstract Seyyed Bahaoddin's Diwan is investigable from different approaches. One of its important and prolific implications and topics is the allegory – specifically narrative allegory. He has utilized the allegorical st MoreAbstract Seyyed Bahaoddin's Diwan is investigable from different approaches. One of its important and prolific implications and topics is the allegory – specifically narrative allegory. He has utilized the allegorical stories to express his ideas and thoughts in the religious, ethical and social domains because this method mostly affects on the minds of his reader. The present research which is discussed by descriptive – analytic method, deals with the allegory and its function, studying the poem in the narrative allegorical axis, introducing its segments and tools and answering the posed questions which have been appeared in its findings. Seyyed Bahaoddin's tendencies in expressing the codified allegories is alphabetical and it is his most important poetic characteristic and from this perspective he has had much impression in the frequency compared with other elements. Manuscript profile -
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266 - کاربردهای ادبی احجار کریمه در دیوان حافظ
ایوب کوشان -
Open Access Article
267 - Studying the Symbols of Fabulous and Mythological Creatures in Shokat Bokharaee's Diwan
Mohammad Bahrami Asl Ayyub Kooshan Hamid Reza farziAbstract Symbol, in the domain of Persian literature, especially poetry, has hundreds of years background and has been used the same as ideogram in Farsi. One of the most important manifestations of symbol in Persian poetry ha MoreAbstract Symbol, in the domain of Persian literature, especially poetry, has hundreds of years background and has been used the same as ideogram in Farsi. One of the most important manifestations of symbol in Persian poetry has been embodied in fabulous and mythical creatures which required a symbolic outlook at them. Manifestation of this figure, in the whole poetry of Shokat Bokharaee, for his usage of these symbols to express his enigmatic and mystic ideas, is of higher frequencies. There are 114 distiches in his Diwan which deal with fabulous and mystical creatures. The intentional usage of this kind of writing is being strengthened because it is scarcely seen in the books of other poets. Therefore we investigated it to clarify its accuracy and inaccuracy. We hope that this article be an introduction for the scholars' intention to look at the matter from another perspective about our great homeland poet. Manuscript profile -
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268 - Epic in Seyyed Ashrafadding Gilani's Poetry ( Nassime Shomal )
Mohammad Ali Mahmoodabadi Ali Asghar BabasafariAbstract By studying and reviewing the treasure of a thousand years of Persian Literature and poetry, we understand that the poet and the writer are clearly influenced by their personal and social situation in one of the liter MoreAbstract By studying and reviewing the treasure of a thousand years of Persian Literature and poetry, we understand that the poet and the writer are clearly influenced by their personal and social situation in one of the literary genres (epic literature, didactic and lyric forms ) which express morally and socially the kind of idealistic aspirations which outcries to the readers. Nassim Shomal( poetry of northern breeze )is one of the prominent representatives of the Iranian constitutional era. Although his poetry lacks the literary integrity and maturity, his simplicity sincerity, honesty and freedom of language caused to have a significant impact on public. Therefore research on epic themes seemed to be important and inevitable. In this study, we surveyed the epic effects, courage and resistance in Seyyed Ashrafaddin Gilani's lyrics and concluded that the north breeze look at the extreme Iranian myths and using the ancient stories and myths of ancient Iran, the expressed new concepts and themes along with deep rooted sentiments to achieve the goals of liberation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
269 - Maulana's Sun in his Versified Story
Akram Rahmani Hajar Khadem Reza EgdamiAbstract After hundreds of years, one still wonders what happened that Maulana's sensational meeting with Shams made him quit lesson and school and adhere and gyrate around Tabriz's sun. The present article is to look at Shams throu MoreAbstract After hundreds of years, one still wonders what happened that Maulana's sensational meeting with Shams made him quit lesson and school and adhere and gyrate around Tabriz's sun. The present article is to look at Shams through Maulana's viewpoint. We investigated Maulana's work, especially his " Divane Kabir " because its poems are effervescent and the poet in composing them has released himself from the shackles and ; the words flew from his unconscious mind. Then, this book is a better source which introduces Jalaloddin's logic, philosophy, and thoughts. By investigating the attributes that Maulana counts on Shams' transcendence, it reveals the true character of this super and angelical man more and more. The methods of the research in this article is descriptive – analytic one and the way of its collection is bibliographical Manuscript profile -
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270 - Studying the Culture of Co-existence of the King and Social Classes in The Sayasat Nameh and The Nasihato Moluk
Maryam Maysami Maryam Amir ArjomandAbstract To the world which is always seeking peace and tranquility, co-existence has special importance. Interaction and the life of two people, two groups, the individual of a society even two countries with different races and be MoreAbstract To the world which is always seeking peace and tranquility, co-existence has special importance. Interaction and the life of two people, two groups, the individual of a society even two countries with different races and beliefs, far from strife and war, were ideal for lots of politicians and writers and creating such society has led to offering theories to create utopia. By studying The Siarol Molk from Khajeh Nezamol Molk and The Nasihatol Moluk from Imam Mohammad Ghazzali one can deduce that this subject was very valuable for these two clear-thinkers; and in this way the role of the Saljuq king, in the matter of injunction, cannot be overlooked. The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the culture of co-existence from the view point of Saljuq Sagacious minister Khajeh Nezamol Molk and mystic teacher of the same era Emam Mohammad Ghazzali and their interaction with the king and the social classes. Manuscript profile -
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271 - The Analysis of thematical metaphor of God in Attar's Diwan
Lida Paydar Jahandoost Sabzali pour Khoda Bakhsh Assadollahi Sowrollah Nowruzi DavudkhaniCognitive linguistics is one of the contemporary linguistics which show how man has recognized his creation and reflected it in the language. Thematical metaphor is of the important theories in cognitive linguistics. One can investigate the global thoughts of the writer MoreCognitive linguistics is one of the contemporary linguistics which show how man has recognized his creation and reflected it in the language. Thematical metaphor is of the important theories in cognitive linguistics. One can investigate the global thoughts of the writers and poets through it. This metaphor helps us through tangible phenomena attain what are unknown. The problem of knowing God and understanding it has always been difficult and it was like walking on the blade of a knife. But the analysis of thematical metaphor has let the writers and poets enter this sensitive domain.This research studies the thematical metaphors of God, in the frame of George Lakoff and Johnson model , in Diwan of Attar to show how God is defined in the world view point of the poet and mystic of the sixth lunar century. The results of the study indicate that there is a macro metaphor of anthropomorphism in which one can find several micro metaphors which speculate God in the mold of writer, painter mirror smith, and craftsman and the other times , as Islamic tradition, as light or the Sun. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
272 - The Intertextual Perusal of Allameh Hassan Zadeh Amoli's Mystical Poetry with the Holy Qur'an
Javad Abedi Hossein Parsaee Reza Forsati JooybariAbstract The theory of intertextuality is one of the most prolific subjects on literary criticism; it is one of the items which adds exquisite beauty to the literary works. Affectability of the poets and writers fr MoreAbstract The theory of intertextuality is one of the most prolific subjects on literary criticism; it is one of the items which adds exquisite beauty to the literary works. Affectability of the poets and writers from each other's texts and exploring them are really enjoyable. Allameh Hassan Zadeh Amoli's poetry is replete of mystical implications, Qur'anic and traditional themes. His poetry is saturated with mystical themes and is surveyable with the intertextual approach. In this paper, we have tried to analyze his poetry in mystical implications and themes which have rich supporting, by comparative analytical-descriptive method. Therefore, his mystical poetry is perusalled based on intertextuality with the Holy Qur'an. Allameh has tried, in addition to revealing his own feelings in poetry, to deal with belief problems and the Qur'anic Islamic manners. By scrutinizing in the poetry of Allameh one can see various kinds of intertextual relationship including: allusive, inspirational, thematical, technical, trivial and lexical. But by the sequence, the relationship of inspirational, thematical, lexical, trivial and technical are of the conspicuous ones. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
273 - Introducing the Manuscript of Divan of " Mirza Taghi Ben Zaki Saheb Aliabadi "
Kamran Pashaei FakhriAbstract Mirza Taghi Aliabadi Mazandarani, the son of Mirza Zaki, was one the poets and scholars of the second half of 13th A. H. He was from Ali Abad of Mazandaran and was talented in poetry. At first his pen-name was " Malal MoreAbstract Mirza Taghi Aliabadi Mazandarani, the son of Mirza Zaki, was one the poets and scholars of the second half of 13th A. H. He was from Ali Abad of Mazandaran and was talented in poetry. At first his pen-name was " Malali " , then he chose the nom de plume " Saheb " – Saheb Divan. His book of poetry includes odes, fragments, lyrics, quatrains and mathnavi consisting of 5300 couplets. It is mostly about praising Fathalishah, Mohammad Shah Qajar, Imam Ali and the Holy Prophet. The divan of Saheb Aliabadi is one of the highly valuable books that have not been corrected and analyzed yet. His poems have been mentioned in biographies and translations but the divan has not been published. This article tries to introduce it based on the manuscript held in Iranian Islamic Consultative Assembly by the serial number of 1008 and compare it with other five manuscripts. The present manuscript has been considered as the main copy because of its completeness, legibility and originality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
274 - A Narrow Research in the Spiritual Rhetoric Arrays in Mirza Mohsen Ta'sir Tabrizi Diwan
Raziyeh AghazadehAbstract From the aesthetic point of view, the rhetorics is a science by which the beauty of the word is revealed and it is a collection of the crafts which more or less converts the ordinary words to literary ones. One of the MoreAbstract From the aesthetic point of view, the rhetorics is a science by which the beauty of the word is revealed and it is a collection of the crafts which more or less converts the ordinary words to literary ones. One of the basic elements of the poetry, especially in the Indian Style, in addition to narrow types of imagery, is the arrays used in the poetry of this period of time. Mirza Mohsen Ta'sir Tabrizi is of the poets who followed Saeb Tabrizi's school. He has taken great advantage by using eloquent language and innovative arrays which included verbal and spiritual skills in expressing his thoughts and tenets. In this research which has been done in descriptive-analytic method, Ta'sir Tabrizi's Diwas has been investigated from spiritual rhetorics and its significant points have been distinguished. Mystics' agnosticism, the manner of equity, paradox, the order of numbers, the true way of speech, comparison, using parallel words. Among the above-mentioned items: the abstraction, manner of equity, the true way of speech and allusion are of higher frequency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
275 - معرّفی و بررسی تصحیح نسخة دیوان سایری
ثریا اسلامی خو محمد حکیم آذر اصغر رضاپوریان -
Open Access Article
276 - Protection of Cultural and Historical Properties in International law with Review to ICC's Action in Mali's Case
hassan khosravi farid SoltangheysDestruction of Cultural properties is one of the criminal conducts that occurs in domestic and International armed conflicts. In recent centuries, Spanning and intensification of this occurrence has been afford to be Response by International law. The Aim goal of this A MoreDestruction of Cultural properties is one of the criminal conducts that occurs in domestic and International armed conflicts. In recent centuries, Spanning and intensification of this occurrence has been afford to be Response by International law. The Aim goal of this Article is evaluation of historical and Cultural properties protections in International Law and International Criminal Court's(ICC) Response to destruction of Properties during the Mali's Civil war. The article is figure on to show Guarantees of violation of Protecting Cultural and Historical properties especially in Mali case by Analytical descriptive approach. Finding of article shown that the international law has bright obligations and obliged States to protect Cultural and historical properties and in Many Instruments and Treaties Destruction of Religious, cultural and Historical Properties has been Forbidden. This is one of the War crimes Sense and Based to that in the First Case of ICC one of the accused of Destruction of Historical and Cultural properties Has been Convicted to nine years in prison. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
277 - Feasibility study of the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court against terrorism
Maryam valizadeh yosef almasi Farhad ZereshkiTerrorism is one of the international crimes that as a not-so-emerging phenomenon has been able to disrupt international order and security by using the factor of fear and attacking the civilian population. This shows the need to deal with it. These include the drafting MoreTerrorism is one of the international crimes that as a not-so-emerging phenomenon has been able to disrupt international order and security by using the factor of fear and attacking the civilian population. This shows the need to deal with it. These include the drafting of the Rome Convention by governments to combat international crimes and gross violations of humanitarian law. Based on this, the question arises whether the International Criminal Court, within the framework of its statute, has the possibility of dealing with terrorist crimes? A look at the terrorist acts committed by terrorist groups can provide us with a list of examples of terrorist acts that can be applied to domestic crimes within the jurisdiction of the Court. Accordingly, although the crime of terrorism is not within the jurisdiction of the Court (Article 5) Compared to other crimes mentioned in this article, it can be prosecuted. However, in terms of territorial, temporal, personal and complementary jurisdiction, there are limitations for criminal proceedings by the International Criminal Court. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
278 - Analyzing the dimensions and components of evaluating the supervisory performance of the Supreme Court on the good implementation of laws with an Islamic and Quranic perspective in the courts.
Nader Najd Hassan Pashazadeh Alireza NojavanThe Supreme Court of Iran is the highest judicial authority in Iran, which was formed in order to monitor the correct implementation of laws in the courts and to establish the unity of the judicial procedure assigned to it according to the law, based on the criteria det MoreThe Supreme Court of Iran is the highest judicial authority in Iran, which was formed in order to monitor the correct implementation of laws in the courts and to establish the unity of the judicial procedure assigned to it according to the law, based on the criteria determined by the head of the judiciary. According to Article 3 of the Law on Determining the Appeals of Court Judgments and the Procedure for Handling them, approved in October 1367, the Supreme Court is the authority for reviewing, violating or upholding the judgments of the First Criminal Court, the First Legal Court, and the Special Civil Court and the Revolutionary Court. Proceedings in the branches of the Supreme Court of Iran are formal, and after examining the case and the court verdict and comparing the cases with the law, if the Supreme Court judges the verdict to be correct and in accordance with the law and Shariah standards, it approves it and the judicial proceedings are terminated. Finds. The findings of this article in the review of the court's supervisory performance show that according to Article 392 of the Civil Procedure Law, this court, while examining the judicial case, if it observes a violation by the judges of the case, it must apply the law and this issue requires judicial and disciplinary supervision. Because separate disciplinary and judicial supervision does not make sense because it leads to the delay of proceedings and abuse of persons. On the other hand, the court does not have the unity of supervision due to the multiplicity of supervisory authorities; Therefore, the Supreme Court should exercise its supervision comprehensively and centrally. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
279 - An Analysis of the Sociological Concept of Love in Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Balkhī‘s thoughts (Mowlānā)
Amir Rahimi Dadmarzi Habibollah AhaghabakhsiAbstract In recent years, the study of social problems have been seen as one of the most important parts of Persian literature texts which culminated in valuable works written in this field. The aim of this study was to analyze the sociological concept of love in Jalāl MoreAbstract In recent years, the study of social problems have been seen as one of the most important parts of Persian literature texts which culminated in valuable works written in this field. The aim of this study was to analyze the sociological concept of love in Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Balkhī‘s thoughts (Mowlānā). In this study, content analysis was used to analyze the data compiled. The research method involved analyzing the works of Mowlānā and his thoughts were then compared and contrasted in terms of sociological viewpoints with other sociologists’ comments. The statistical population consisted of famous works of Mowlānā from which three important works (Masnavi, Divan-e Shams-e Tabrizi and Fihi Ma-Fihi) were selected as this study’s sample through targeted sampling. The results of the analysis suggests that Mowlānā is informing us that without love our social life would have no purpose or destination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
280 - Blasphemy from Moulana’s perspective
Aghdas MoghadamBlasphemy is a keyword in Koran whose extension and concept has been greatly changed throughout history and in different areas of Islam and found different significance. In this article attempt has been made to draw and present Moulana’s beliefs and viewpoints reg MoreBlasphemy is a keyword in Koran whose extension and concept has been greatly changed throughout history and in different areas of Islam and found different significance. In this article attempt has been made to draw and present Moulana’s beliefs and viewpoints regarding blasphemy expressed in different verbal situations and from different angles with emphasis on Masnavi Maanavi and Divan Shams. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
281 - Mythological and epic foundations in the story of Beasts of Mazandaran in Shahnameh
Arash Akbari MafakherThis article seeks to identify the epic and mythological foundations of the story of the Beasts of Mazandaran in Shahnameh with particular attention to their records in Avestan, Pahlavi, Soghdi and other texts. The very first epic and mythological origin of this s MoreThis article seeks to identify the epic and mythological foundations of the story of the Beasts of Mazandaran in Shahnameh with particular attention to their records in Avestan, Pahlavi, Soghdi and other texts. The very first epic and mythological origin of this story is in the Avestan and Pahlavi texts. In these texts, the beasts appear in two divine and manlike structures and stand against Ahuramazda, deities and men. However, in the ninth book of Dinkard, an independent story makes the epic framework of the story of Beasts of Mazandaran. In this story, beasts are gigantic men who stand against Feraydun . This narration is conveyed to the first report in Koushnameh. These gigantic men in the report of Dinkard and Koushnameh having passed through the stories of Nariman and Maghreb Beasts, Sam and Nareh beasts of Mazandaran and Soghdi Rostamnameh acquire demonic nature and transform into demonic beasts with magic forces and superhuman deeds. In the end, the story of beasts of Mazandaran after being demythologized is conveyed to the second report of Koushnameh Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
282 - On Arabic translation of Divan Hafez
S.M. HosseiniSince antiquity an old question has preoccupied the mind of many researches, literates, and curious individuals, that is whether it is possible to translate a poem into another language. It seems obvious that until the second half of the second century A.H, the scientis MoreSince antiquity an old question has preoccupied the mind of many researches, literates, and curious individuals, that is whether it is possible to translate a poem into another language. It seems obvious that until the second half of the second century A.H, the scientists have not uttered a wise word in this regard. One of the outstanding scientists, Amroben Bahrol Jahez, in the second and third century A.H. for the first time spoke thoroughly of translation and its problems. What escapes Jahez and other researchers is the fact that in translation of poetry, the meter of the Arabic poetry is lost. After Jahez, this problem has diverted from the outer into the inner structure of the poem, and translation became a new challenge for the scientists. Despite the fact that through translation aesthetic qualities and eloquence of the poem is lost, this should not prevent one from appreciating the art, knowledge, talents, and findings of other nationalities. For this reason the interest of the scientists towards the art of translation has augmented day by day. A good example in this regard is the translation of Hafez's lyrical poetry into Arabic by Ebrahim Amin Ashavarbi. Though not immaculate, altogether it is regarded as a prominent work, and he has well proved his competency in literary art. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
283 - The interrelationship of subjects in fihe ma fih with Masnavi and Divan Shams
Karim ZamaniMowlana Jalaloddin Mohammad Balkhi, the outstanding mystic poet, composer of such noble works as Masnavi, Divan Shams, and fihe ma fih is an extraordinary figure in the Persian language and literature. Fih ma fih is a record of talks, and lectures given by Mowlana in va MoreMowlana Jalaloddin Mohammad Balkhi, the outstanding mystic poet, composer of such noble works as Masnavi, Divan Shams, and fihe ma fih is an extraordinary figure in the Persian language and literature. Fih ma fih is a record of talks, and lectures given by Mowlana in various occasions. The purpose of this article is to give a brief introduction to the discourses, sermons given by Mowlana. Also the interrelationship of subjects in fihe ma fih with Masnavi and Divan Shams is dealt with. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
284 - Subtlities in Diwan Hafez (unprinted notes of Jalalud-din Homai)
naserodin Shah HosseiniThis article contains invaluable notes by Homai in which he reveals a number of subtlities in some poems of Hafez. Thanks to Dr shah hosseini, these notes which have not been printed in any publications, is now at the disposal of this literary journal. Homai points to t MoreThis article contains invaluable notes by Homai in which he reveals a number of subtlities in some poems of Hafez. Thanks to Dr shah hosseini, these notes which have not been printed in any publications, is now at the disposal of this literary journal. Homai points to twelve instances where there are ambiguities in Hafezs' poetry. He discusses some briefly and some in more detail. His revelations could greatly enhance the understanding of such poems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
285 - Governmental and administrative terminologies in “History of Sistan”
Vagiheh PanahiMoslems according to Koran (49:13) Sura Hogarat which states: “ We have created you as male and female and divided you into tribes in order to get acquainted with each other” have paid special attention to civil and urban society, and scientists such as Fara MoreMoslems according to Koran (49:13) Sura Hogarat which states: “ We have created you as male and female and divided you into tribes in order to get acquainted with each other” have paid special attention to civil and urban society, and scientists such as Farabi introduced utopia as a place where people gather and help each other. Historians and geographers in their works, spoke about different aspects of civil life. One of their innovations was the compilation of independent books about the history of towns among which history of Nayshapour, Sistan, Bokhara, Qom and Bayhaghi remain to this day. In these books, one comes across many civic terms, administrative social institutions, and various professions which are valuable for investigating civil discussions regarding administrative legal systems governing the cities. History of Sistan apart from historical social discussions, contains many social, administrative, govermental terms and expressions which are fully discussed in the text. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
286 - Moulana and Minimalism (Study of Minimalistic stories in Divan Shams)
Ramin Sadeghi NejadRegarding literary theory and criticism, it is customary to believe that one can only apply them to contemporary texts. However criticism is a scientific tool and every text, whether classic or contemporary, from the modern perspective is prone to criticism and ex MoreRegarding literary theory and criticism, it is customary to believe that one can only apply them to contemporary texts. However criticism is a scientific tool and every text, whether classic or contemporary, from the modern perspective is prone to criticism and examination. One of the literary genres which has undergone significant changes over the recent years is the short story and a new offshoot of storytelling which becomes shorter and more concise each day is termed minimalism and as the name suggests in Farsi it is named and . They both share common characteristics. In rich classic Persian literature whether in prose or poetry, there are numerous anecdotes and stories which in many respects fall into the category of minimalistic stories. The present article is an attempt to present and examine examples of such stories fromMoulana’s Divan Kabir. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
287 - Jurisprudential and legal foundations of appeal proceedings and its content in the civil procedure system of Iran, France and Egypt
Mitra Shafighi Seyyed Mohsen Hosseini Pooya Rasool MaghsoodpoorThe concept of appellate proceedings has received the attention of legislators since the beginning of legislation in Iran's civil procedure regulations, i.e. the Law of Principles of Legal Trials 1911. Considering the placement of this form of proceedings along with oth MoreThe concept of appellate proceedings has received the attention of legislators since the beginning of legislation in Iran's civil procedure regulations, i.e. the Law of Principles of Legal Trials 1911. Considering the placement of this form of proceedings along with other ways of revising the votes, it is necessary to explain its basis and content. The present research, using the descriptive-analytical method, shows that, from the point of view of jurisprudence, contrary to the view that it is not permissible to review rulings multiple times, considering the application of inferential evidence and also the possibility of a judge's error, even a judge. A comprehensive mujtahid of the conditions in issuing the verdict, the need to review the verdict is justified. It can also be said that in Iranian law, as in French and Egyptian law, the institution of appeal can be considered based on the recognition of the right to object to votes for individuals and the duty of monitoring the good implementation of laws in the courts. With regard to French and Egyptian law doctrines, which are similar to the legal standards of Iranian law, the appeal is not a formal proceeding based on formal and procedural laws, because the Supreme Court, in line with its supervision, must also comply with the substantive provisions in relation to He pays attention to the issued votes, but he does not compose a decision on the substance, just like substantive courts (primary and appeal courts). Another point is that the appeal can be applied in some cases as the second stage and in others as the third stage of the proceedings. While in the laws of France and Egypt, the appellate proceedings are placed in the third stage, without being considered as an example of the level of proceedings. Manuscript profile
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