The independence of the legal profession with a look at US-Iranian law and international documents

Subject Areas : International Legal Research

sadeg salimi ¹

1 -

Received: 2024-10-19 Accepted : 2024-12-21 Published : 2024-09-26

Keywords: Judicial Independence, Independence of lawyers, Rule of Law, Legal Profession, International Criminal Court,

Abstract :

If the rule of law is to prevail in society, not extra-legal considerations, the legal profession must be independent, meaning that judges and lawyers must not be under any external pressure to perform their duties other than the law. Institutional independence is to guarantee the personal independence of the judge and lawyer. Financial independence and job security are important foundations of judicial and advocacy independence The salary of Iranian judges is less than one tenth that of the United States; For disciplinary prosecution, in Iran, all judges and administrative officials of the judiciary, including those with jurisdiction to prosecute judges, are appointed and dismissed by order of the head of the judiciary, which undermines judicial independence. In the last two decades, lawyers in Iran have been divided into two groups: one group is completely inside the judiciary and from issuing licenses to supervising their performance and possibly revoking their licenses with the judiciary, and the other group is under the banner of bar associations. They are under the supervision and influence of the judiciary in various ways. In this descriptive-analytical study, after analyzing the concept and effects of the independence of attorney and judge and their interaction and comparing it with the International Court of Justice, we have come to the conclusion that the independence of the lawyers is fruitless and impossible without judicial independence.

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