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Open Access Article
1 - Comparative Analysis of Shame in Vis and Rāmin, Khosrow and Shirin
Faezeh Eftekhari Roozbahani Mohammad Ali Shafaei Masoumeh Khodadadi Mahabad Mojtaba Ansari ShahidiThe characters of a lyrical poem depict human emotions that originate from individual and society’s heart. (sense of) Shame has always been one of the most important emotional elements in Iranian culture as well as romantic relationships. The reflection of this th MoreThe characters of a lyrical poem depict human emotions that originate from individual and society’s heart. (sense of) Shame has always been one of the most important emotional elements in Iranian culture as well as romantic relationships. The reflection of this theme leads to the formation of all kinds of shame, each of which leads to different reactions. In this research romantic relationships are studied by comparison of two poems "Vis and Rāmin" and "Khosrow and Shirin", in two different time periods (before Islam and after Islam), while conceptual analysis of shame reflection and selection of keywords are analyzed as well. The results of the study show that the type of shame is different in these two poetries and while having different contexts, it also appears differently in the performance between lover and beloved, which is carefully analyzed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Comparative Study on Visage of Woman in Nezami and Sa’adi’s Poetries
Khadijeh Mortezaei Ahmad Hasani RanjbarThe present article studies and compares the image of woman in two great poets - Nezami and Saadi – poetries from the critiqual perspective of woman image. These views are prominent on praise and guilt about women. The research tries to find the true image of wome MoreThe present article studies and compares the image of woman in two great poets - Nezami and Saadi – poetries from the critiqual perspective of woman image. These views are prominent on praise and guilt about women. The research tries to find the true image of women in that period by studying the attributes of women in the poems of the abovementioned poets and to objectify their true views about women by referring to some of the poems, and show that in many cases not only the influence of social conditions makes the writer or poet look patriarchal, but rather the individuals, family, environment and traditional beliefs. The article initially studies the positive points and then the negative aspects of women. Criticizing the character of women in Nezami and Sa’adi's works, it can be claimed that the main characters of women include Mahin Banu, Shirin, Maryam, Shekar, Noshabeh Bardei and Maria Al-Qibtiyya, no specific woman is mentioned in Saadi's works. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - A study of common romantic themes in the poems of Vlad and Ibn Zaydun with Lily and Majnoon (Nezami)
shahram edalatishahiThe present article compares the common themes of love in the poems of Walada and Ibn Zaydun with Lily and Majnoon (Nezami). In this article, the poem Lily and Majnoon, the immortal poem of Hakim Nezami Ganjavi, has been examined and verses from this poem that had roman MoreThe present article compares the common themes of love in the poems of Walada and Ibn Zaydun with Lily and Majnoon (Nezami). In this article, the poem Lily and Majnoon, the immortal poem of Hakim Nezami Ganjavi, has been examined and verses from this poem that had romantic themes have been compared with the poems of Walada and Ibn Zaydun, poets of the same age, written in Arabic. . Undoubtedly, the origin of this story belongs to the Arabs and its history dates back to the late seventh century AD. The name of Walada was always appropriate with the name of Abu al-Walid Ahmad ibn Zaydun, a minister and poet who saw a lot of love and affection for Walada and composed his most beautiful and delicate poems for him. The research method in this letter is the use of source books and a variety of library research (survey) and descriptive-analytical. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - A Glance to West-East Diwan and Influence of Sa'di's Words on Goethe
Seyyed Sa'eed Firooz AbadiIt is obvious that Goethe, the celebrated German poet, has been inspired by Hafiz, and so for numerous articles have been published in this regard. Here the significant point to deal with is the influence of other great Persian poets on Goethe. Adam Olearius, an envoy o MoreIt is obvious that Goethe, the celebrated German poet, has been inspired by Hafiz, and so for numerous articles have been published in this regard. Here the significant point to deal with is the influence of other great Persian poets on Goethe. Adam Olearius, an envoy of Schleswig-Holstein's court to Safavid court in Estefan, translated Golistan of Sa'di more than a century before Hammer Purgstall's translation of Diwan of Hafiz. Olearius' translation influenced not only Goethe but also many other German poets and authors. Such impressions have sometime, like Hafiz's lyric poems, influenced the poetic imagery of Goethe, and sometime a German poet uses Sa'di's writings exactly. The aim of the present article is to remind some of the characteristics used in Goethe's works as well as significance of German translation of Sa'di's Golistan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - HAFIZ AND MUTANABBI, A COMPARISON OF THEIR THEMES AND CONCEPTS
Ahmad Shabani Mina AbadKhwāja Shamsud-Dīn Muhammad Hāfez-e Shīrāzī, known by his pen name Hāfez was a Persian lyric poet. His collected works composed of series of Persian poetry (Divan) are to be found in the homes of most Persian speakers in Iran who learn his poems by heart MoreKhwāja Shamsud-Dīn Muhammad Hāfez-e Shīrāzī, known by his pen name Hāfez was a Persian lyric poet. His collected works composed of series of Persian poetry (Divan) are to be found in the homes of most Persian speakers in Iran who learn his poems by heart and use them as proverbs and sayings to this day. His life and poems have been the subject of much analysis, commentary and interpretation, influencing post-Fourteenth Century Persian writing more than any other author. Themes of his ghazals are the beloved, faith, and exposing hypocrisy. Hāfezhas applied themes, thoughts and sayings of first class Arab poetsand the present article studies how Hāfez has been influenced by the poetry of Mutanabbi the famous Arab poet. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Baroque Literary Epoch; Andreas Gryphius and His Impression from Sa‘di
Seyyed Firooz AbadiKhwāja Shamsud-Dīn Muhammad Hāfez-e Shīrāzī, known by his pen name Hāfez was a Persian lyric poet. His collected works composed of series of Persian poetry (Divan) are to be found in the homes of most Persian speakers in Iran who learn his poems by heart MoreKhwāja Shamsud-Dīn Muhammad Hāfez-e Shīrāzī, known by his pen name Hāfez was a Persian lyric poet. His collected works composed of series of Persian poetry (Divan) are to be found in the homes of most Persian speakers in Iran who learn his poems by heart and use them as proverbs and sayings to this day. His life and poems have been the subject of much analysis, commentary and interpretation, influencing post-Fourteenth Century Persian writing more than any other author. Themes of his ghazals are the beloved, faith, and exposing hypocrisy. Hāfezhas applied themes, thoughts and sayings of first class Arab poetsand the present article studies how Hāfez has been influenced by the poetry of Mutanabbi the famous Arab poet. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Comparative study of Ghada al-Samman and Simin Behbahani’s lyric poems
Mehrali Yazdanpanah Sepideh MotevalliIn this paper with the title of “Comparative study of Ghada al-Samman and Simin Behbahani’s lyric poems” is trying to answer this question “what differences and similarities are there between Ghada al-Samman and Simin Behbahani&rsq MoreIn this paper with the title of “Comparative study of Ghada al-Samman and Simin Behbahani’s lyric poems” is trying to answer this question “what differences and similarities are there between Ghada al-Samman and Simin Behbahani’s lyric poems?” Ghada al-Samman is considered as the perfect representative of the new female iterature (women’s literature) and its specific type, i.e. feminine lyrical literature in Arabic literature. Simin Behbahani has been also known as one of the representatives of this new flow as well as the lady of the Iranian lyrics. Language and unique feminine feeling are among the most important features of the romances of these two poets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Quranic intertextuality in the lyrics of Hafez
Ahmadreza yalameha Moslem rajabiUndoubtedly,The poet and scholar of Islam and Muslim that is influenced by religious books Tries That In his speech Reflects Verses of the Quran and hadith inmate PBUH. This is one of the poets Hafez .his Poetry is a very large position. He knows all the great literatur MoreUndoubtedly,The poet and scholar of Islam and Muslim that is influenced by religious books Tries That In his speech Reflects Verses of the Quran and hadith inmate PBUH. This is one of the poets Hafez .his Poetry is a very large position. He knows all the great literature and poetry. He has been widely used Verses of the Quran. Perhaps this is one of the secrets of his poems into account durability. In this study, we examined the Quranic view of intertextuality in his lyrics. In fact, in the words of the poet and mystic Quranic intertextuality large, has been manifested in many forms. He has used in his Poetry Many Quranic words and phrases This paper describes Various forms unaffected Hafez of the Quran. This section introduces us to the color of the Qur'an lyrics of hafez. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Educational and moral point of Quranic verses and ideas in the Alamaraye Naderi
Maryam IranmaneshAlamaraye Naderi writing Mohammad Kazem marvi Minister of Marv, The most detailed biographical Nader Shah Afshar and one of the most prominent monuments of the twelfth century AD, is instructive. Mohammad kazem the widespread public prose Mavaraolnahr that era MoreAlamaraye Naderi writing Mohammad Kazem marvi Minister of Marv, The most detailed biographical Nader Shah Afshar and one of the most prominent monuments of the twelfth century AD, is instructive. Mohammad kazem the widespread public prose Mavaraolnahr that era is approaching and it is appropriate to fiction. It includes things like Mahmoud Afghan insurgency, the fall of Isfahan(Safavid capital), Killed the last king of the Safavid dynasty(Shah sultan Hosayn and Tahmasp III), a rare and win big rise and eventually to her. This paper library method and bring examples of teaching poetry and ethics corner bumps and attractiveness of Quranic teachings this history book. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - The Study of "Features of Lyrical Literature" and "Emotional Role of Language" in the Textual Context of Gol va Nowruz (Flowers and Noweuz) Collection by Khajavi Kermani
Gholam Hossain Khodayar Ahmad Hasani Ranjbar Ashraf Sheibani AqdamEach literary convention has some thematic as well as stylistic features that differentiates it from other conventions. Khajavi Kermani is one of the poet who pays particular attention to the epic as well as didactic aspects in his lyric poems. This descriptive-analytic MoreEach literary convention has some thematic as well as stylistic features that differentiates it from other conventions. Khajavi Kermani is one of the poet who pays particular attention to the epic as well as didactic aspects in his lyric poems. This descriptive-analytical study seeks to answer the question to what extent the narrative structure of Khaji Kermani's poem "Flowers and Nowruz" is compatible with the components of lyrical literature from the point of view of linguistic and literary approaches? Findings indicate that in the textual context of this system, the "poetic and literary function" of the text shows the dominance of the role of "emotional language" over its "referential" role. There are many factors that can be enumerated in this collection that have been proposed in order to strengthen the "lyrical element" of the text and have put its "narrative dimension" in the next place. Factors such as "lyrical compositions and interpretations", "soft and delicate descriptions", "sad and isolationist atmosphere", "loving and beloved action", "lack of complex extra-textual reference", "simple syntactic structure of sentences", and "fragment" The main expressions of the main character","multiple uses of expressive elements such as metaphor and simile","description of battle scenes and feasts" are the most important manifestations of the crystallization of this role in the poem" Flower and Nowruz". In addition to this type of processing of characters such as "hero", "villain", "helper", "princess", "benevolent and advisor" and the theme of the narrative such as "dreaming", "journey", "existence of obstacles" "In the path of carpentry", "conflict with the dragon, etc.", have also been used with the aim of strengthening the lyrical element of the text. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Study and analysis of the aesthetics of deviation and ignoring religious ethics in the implications of Khaghani's divan
Manijheh Ghorabanzadeh Hamidreza Farzi Ali DehghanThe Ghaznavid divan of Hakim Sanai, with more than thirteen thousand verses, consists of poems in the form of ode, composition, preference, mesmat, lyric, piece and quatrain. Composing a lyric and tending to romantic controversies and its attractions, the poet occasiona MoreThe Ghaznavid divan of Hakim Sanai, with more than thirteen thousand verses, consists of poems in the form of ode, composition, preference, mesmat, lyric, piece and quatrain. Composing a lyric and tending to romantic controversies and its attractions, the poet occasionally preoccupies himself. Introduction to Sanai's hymns which describe the beloved, although not uniform in number of verses and is often between 7 and 29 verses, but has a place in his hymns. In this article, while briefly introducing various aspects of the description of the beloved, such as; The field of immorality and spirituality or the reporter of the face and sensory and intellectual similes, etc, the image of the beloved Sanai with emphasis on the poet's intellectual evolution, should be examined and analyzed; Therefore, first, the most important and special approaches of Sanai in drawing the image of the beloved have been extracted and classified into eight groups. Then, by studying and finding the frequency of words and presenting diagrams, their importance, how they are used, their place and the way of intellectual development in Sanai's depiction of the beloved's image are analyzed in the lyric poems of his praise poems. The presence of characteristics of Khorasani style and traces of change that later become the beacon of poets in the field of dealing with the beloved, is one of the highlights of the lyric poems of Sanai praise that are addressed in this study. The research method is descriptive and analytical with statistical charts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Unity, in the poems of poets of the Mashrote
Rezvan Karimi ahmad zakeriAs we know, the oral literature of each nation is the best expressive of the beliefs and minds of a nation and its ruling policies, and the history of any nation can be sought through reflection on the culture of that nation, including their songs. The songs and ballads MoreAs we know, the oral literature of each nation is the best expressive of the beliefs and minds of a nation and its ruling policies, and the history of any nation can be sought through reflection on the culture of that nation, including their songs. The songs and ballads that sometimes have been united by a state or a policy, or in accordance with certain political conditions, are born, such as the poems and songs of the mashrote period, which are in this period of thematic and thematic unity, and themes such as invitations to The struggle, the depiction of the curiosity of the kings, the expression of the crimes of the domestic and foreign tyrants and their treason to the Iranian nation, the praise of freedom and its martyrs, and the induction of hope for the future, the invitation to fight by helping with elements such as raising the level of people's awareness and commemorating the martyrs Way of freedom Hence, various manifestations of ritualistic, national and humanistic literacy were formed. In order to flourish these components, the mashrote age has contributed a lot, because it initiated new developments in the political and social arena, and consequently, changes in the field of culture and literature of the country such as democracy. In this essay, we try to investigate the poems of the mashrote era, the coordination of the poets as well as the thematic unity of the poems. This research has been done by descriptive-analytical (library) method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Analysis of dominant discourse in Hafez's lyric poems based on challenging-argumentative aspects of speech action theory
saeed akbari pabandi Mehri Talkhabi hosein arianSpeech act is one of the important topics in the pragmatics and linguistic philosophy in which the researcher in his/her analysis gives the most role to discourse in context. This paper aims to shed light on the dominant discourse of Hafez's lyric poems. It also shows h MoreSpeech act is one of the important topics in the pragmatics and linguistic philosophy in which the researcher in his/her analysis gives the most role to discourse in context. This paper aims to shed light on the dominant discourse of Hafez's lyric poems. It also shows how the poet, in the position of a social critic, for inspiring his views to the audience has used various verbal methods and speech act to convey his views to the audience. The study of the speech acts of Hafez's lyric poems to discover the dimensions of his belief system has research importance. It is assumed that the dominant discourse and the distinguishing feature of Hafez's lyric poems is RENDY'S discourse, and it tells about the poet's ideology and the way he communicates with the institutions of power. For this purpose, we acted on topics related to speech act theory centered on the Five maxims of John Searle, and analyzed the data extracted from DIVAN in statistical-descriptive methods. The results of the research indicate that Hafez in producing his discourse, has used integrated acts and different methods of reasoning, including imperative, persuasive and persuasive to better influence the audience, to invite them to the world of their beliefs Also, the dominant discourse in this poet's lyrics is RENDY’S one. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Describing the immoral and spiritual areas of the beloved in the lyric poems of Hakim Sanaei
Hosein Salimi Bashir AlaviThe Ghaznavid divan of Hakim Sanai, with more than thirteen thousand verses, consists of poems in the form of ode, composition, preference, mesmat, lyric, piece and quatrain. Composing a lyric and tending to romantic controversies and its attractions, the poet occasiona MoreThe Ghaznavid divan of Hakim Sanai, with more than thirteen thousand verses, consists of poems in the form of ode, composition, preference, mesmat, lyric, piece and quatrain. Composing a lyric and tending to romantic controversies and its attractions, the poet occasionally preoccupies himself. Introduction to Sanai's hymns which describe the beloved, although not uniform in number of verses and is often between 7 and 29 verses, but has a place in his hymns. In this article, while briefly introducing various aspects of the description of the beloved, such as; The field of immorality and spirituality or the reporter of the face and sensory and intellectual similes, etc, the image of the beloved Sanai with emphasis on the poet's intellectual evolution, should be examined and analyzed; Therefore, first, the most important and special approaches of Sanai in drawing the image of the beloved have been extracted and classified into eight groups. Then, by studying and finding the frequency of words and presenting diagrams, their importance, how they are used, their place and the way of intellectual development in Sanai's depiction of the beloved's image are analyzed in the lyric poems of his praise poems. The presence of characteristics of Khorasani style and traces of change that later become the beacon of poets in the field of dealing with the beloved, is one of the highlights of the lyric poems of Sanai praise that are addressed in this study. The research method is descriptive and analytical with statistical charts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The Costumes Under The Cover The Of Imagery In Hafez,'S Lyrics
Fereshteh Asghari Ahmad ZakeriOne of the most important features of Hafez’ lyrics is to apply creatively the costumez and coverings . the main usage of Hafez is for saying beautiful mystical meaning. In his way analogies,metaphores rised out of similiesnd sometimes they’re shown in the f MoreOne of the most important features of Hafez’ lyrics is to apply creatively the costumez and coverings . the main usage of Hafez is for saying beautiful mystical meaning. In his way analogies,metaphores rised out of similiesnd sometimes they’re shown in the form of zrony and imagery in the article authors are going to show some interwoven forms of analogies and metaphors and to poetry imagination in words,using words and expression related to costumes for imaginary simile of Hafez thoughts are intended. It is true that Hafez has excelled in the used of elements of imagination formes and in the arrangement of words with spiritual industries ,he has made the work miraculous and this art show is not for evry one. There’s no need to mention that this research has used the method of (analytic-descriptive)which itself is sub-part of the library method to explaine the poems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - The Analysis of Political and Social Complaints in the Poems of Contemporary Period with a Look at Parviz Khanlari's “Mah dar mordab” and Mehdi Hamidi’s “Salhaye siah” Anthology of Poems
Batoul Azizi Jirabadi Narges Asghari Ghovar Ali RamazaniOne concept of lyrical literature in contemporary period which influenced thoughts and languages of speakers of it , is political and social complaints. Focusing on such concepts, many poets talked about instabilities and challenges of that period. This article will exa MoreOne concept of lyrical literature in contemporary period which influenced thoughts and languages of speakers of it , is political and social complaints. Focusing on such concepts, many poets talked about instabilities and challenges of that period. This article will examine reasons for the importance of contemporary period and poets’ poems in this period which focuses on political and social issues.This article will also examine social and political complaints in the poems of Parviz Khanlari and Mehdi Hamidi Shirazi;two famous poets of contemporary period. Parviz Khanlari is among contemporary poets who couldn’t refer to political and social problems in his poems because of his political and social position, but he included such problems in his poems implicitly. Social sufferings, objection to anti-values, political repression and absence of freedom are among the concepts included in his anthology of poems. Hamidi is also one of the skilled poets who is capable of referring to political and social issues and complaints against his country’s instabilities. He included political and social issues and complaints in his “Salhaye siah” anthology. In this collection, he referred to people’s pains and problems, inefficiency of the government, brutality of Pahlavi Regime, starvation and superiority of plunderers. This article will examine political and social complaints in a descriptive and analytical manner in the poems of referring poets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Levels of representation of annihilation from the perspective of the narrator of Ghazaliat e Shams
Rashid KakavandAlthough annihilation literally means destruction, but in the path of mysticism, it is a high level of knowledge that is manifested in the presence of a friend, and in the words of Abolhassan Kharghani: "A friend, when he comes with a friend, sees just friend, does not MoreAlthough annihilation literally means destruction, but in the path of mysticism, it is a high level of knowledge that is manifested in the presence of a friend, and in the words of Abolhassan Kharghani: "A friend, when he comes with a friend, sees just friend, does not see himself." Mystics, theoretical and practical, have addressed this issue. Exciting anecdotes have been narrated from the great mystics, each of which reveals their credibility as well as the true meaning of annihilation. After a detailed search in the wonderful world of mystics and finding examples of theories of mystics and experts in their definitions and interpretations on the subject of annihilation, and then finding illustrative examples of anecdotes and practical experiences of annihilation quoted in authentic mystical books and texts Yes, we have turned to the sun's lyric poems. Rumi's spontaneity is a manifestation of annihilation that ranges from the selection of percussion and melodic weights, repeated intermediate rhymes, breaking the rules of language and even the form of poetry, small and large language and poetic norms, paradoxical expression, to creating spaces. Includes eerie and so-called surreal. We looked for examples of each of these effects in Rumi's sonnets and placed them in a regular category. The narrator of Rumi's sonnets confronts annihilation in three positions: conscious, semi-conscious and unconscious. The conscious narrator of the sonnets consciously and logically speaks of annihilation and educates the disciples, and in a theoretical sense, speaks of annihilation and reveals its conditions and details. The half-conscious narrator of these sonnets is in a state of fascination and perdition, but he has not completely lost it yet; Knows and speaks of his wisdom with a fascinated state; In fact, sparks of his subconscious shine in the middle of consciousness. But the unconscious narrator of Rumi's sonnets narrates the unspoken and abandoned, unselfish and mortal, impossible and lost moment of presence and meeting. It is the unconscious release of the narrator who speaks. It is in these moments that the singer of Shams's lyric poems encounters wonderful and unprecedented moments; Moments full of astonishment, and confusing. I am the narrator in these third type narratives; Because individuality and in other words: Rumi's personal experiences are expressed in this section. Finally, a surprising variety is created in Shams's sonnets, which includes some of Rumi's norm-breaking in form, weight, rhyme and language. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - The talk about ethics and courtesy of love in persisn lyrical account of love especially in khosro and shirin
Soheila Mohaghegh Mahbobeh Khorasani morteza rashidiLove is a manifestation of human emotions. Logically, neither of lovers can commit themselves to loving the other one in the same way for ever. This has made philosophers consider this issue carefully. The aim of ethics of love is to not disregard morality and courtesy MoreLove is a manifestation of human emotions. Logically, neither of lovers can commit themselves to loving the other one in the same way for ever. This has made philosophers consider this issue carefully. The aim of ethics of love is to not disregard morality and courtesy of love emphasizes the attitude of lovers after falling in love. Both ethics and courtesy of love determine the success or failure of the love relationship. Our question is how lovers would interact with each other in classic lyrical account of love, compared with some of contemporary accounts of temporary love. Since love is exquisitely manifested in classic works like Khosro and Shirin, this work was selected as the source of the study. Based on Mostafa Malekian’s article, a qualitative analysis was done to read this work to find the impact of observing or ignoring morality and courtesy of love in the romance between the love characters of this story. It was concluded that ignoring ethics of love is evident in classic works and that main characters commit immorality in love so the success of their romance is put in danger. Khosro ignoring the ethics and courtesy of love, destroys their romance. Shirin, however, observes both the ethics and courtesy of love. She behaves reasonably and tries to have love and abstinence simultaneously. It is also interesting that female lovers tend to observe the ethics and courtesy of love more than male lovers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The range of codes and symbols of happiness and hope in Mawlana's sonnets
Parvindokht Rezaei Majdabadi Hosein Parsaei Reza Forsati JoybariThe symbols of happiness and hope as two interconnected signs that always affect the form and meaning of human life and character, have been a subject of reflection in all human cultures. Rumi is a happy and hopeful human being according to what can be obtained from his MoreThe symbols of happiness and hope as two interconnected signs that always affect the form and meaning of human life and character, have been a subject of reflection in all human cultures. Rumi is a happy and hopeful human being according to what can be obtained from his works, especially the sonnets of Shams. In this article, the two signs of happiness and hope, not only as signs that indicate conventional and personal meanings; Rather, it serves as the center of a spectrum of various symptoms that are somehow associated with happiness and are considered to be the factors that cause it. The main issue of this article is to show the range and semantic spectra of happiness and hope. This issue has been formed according to the assumption that the abundance of dancing weights and the turbulent tone and joy of love in Rumi's sonnets probably expresses a meaning beyond what is received from the two signs of joy and hope. Thus, it is necessary to represent these spectrums and the semantic auras that result from them, and the "purpose" of the authors is to represent the breadth of thought and the depth of Rumi's emotion in this regard. The data of the research, which have been analyzed and described by a qualitative method, show that Rumi has maintained his happy spirit in almost all moments of life and in every mental condition and in every encounter with environmental phenomena, and has not left a circle of despair. Sit on the face of his life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Analysis and identification of verse linking methods in Hafez's lyric poems Using the theories of the last centuries Hafez's researchers
Zohreh Khalili Asghar Dadbeh Ahmad khiyali khatiniIn the feature of "connection" or "non-connection" in Hafez's lyric poems, there are two dominant and contradictory theories, "verse independence" and "continuity of meaning of verses".according to Shah Shoja's famous critique in Hafez's poems both theories has existed MoreIn the feature of "connection" or "non-connection" in Hafez's lyric poems, there are two dominant and contradictory theories, "verse independence" and "continuity of meaning of verses".according to Shah Shoja's famous critique in Hafez's poems both theories has existed in Hafez's living time and now, in our time these theories are in the center of attention for Hafez's researchers.The theory of the continuity of the verses of Hafez's lyric poems under the title of "logical sequence of verses" as opposed to the theory of "independence of verses" which by comparing Hafez's lyric poems to the surahs of the Qur'an and using the term "Pashan" in the group "Independence of verses", Offered many reasons to reject the "logical sequence of verses".In the last century, many Hafez's researchers have proposed theories in defense of "semantic coherence of verses", but the way each of them proposed to link Hafez's verses was different and sometimes contradictory to the other theories.In this research, while introducing and examining the views of Hafez's researchers in this field, an attempt has been made to identify and analyze their methods for connecting the poet's verses, because belief and commitment to "semantic continuity of verses" leads to better understanding and deeper knowledge in Hafez's poems.The statistical population of this research is the works of Hafez's researchers in the last century who have expertise on the "semantic continuity of verses" of Hafez's poem or have provided a way to connect Hafez verses. The sample size is all books, articles and sources that have been referred to in this research. the research method is descriptive-analytical and the theoretical framework, views and analyzes that believe in the semantic continuity of Hafez's verses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Review and analysis of the crumbs in the poems of Malek al-ShoaraBahar
Nooshin Talebzadeh Saeed HessamporComplaining is a innate part of human nature; people complaining when being dissatisfied with something. Poets also complain about their problems, but in a supreme language than the public. Complain have existed in poems of the poets since time immemorial, but in contem MoreComplaining is a innate part of human nature; people complaining when being dissatisfied with something. Poets also complain about their problems, but in a supreme language than the public. Complain have existed in poems of the poets since time immemorial, but in contemporary poetry, due to the social and political changes of this period, and a new Nimaiicstyle is more tangiblefor the audience of this generation.In view of the sensitivity of the subject and the time at issue, this issue needs to be distinguished from other topics of contemporary poetry. This article examines the complaint issue, which is one of the varieties of lyric literature, in the poetry of contemporary poet Malek al-ShoaraBahar.Describing and explaining them presents a written document of the poet's time with a complaining language for todayreader.What you read is a selection of Bahar complaints that includes his complaints about the age; with political situation being the most frequent topic, and this reflects the poet's personality and political insight Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Investigating the Proportion of the Elements of Simile and Metaphor to the Subject in Persian Poetry
leila amiri zahra riahizamin The components of the imagination, especially the Moshabbahonbeh and the Mostaaronmenh, with a vast and unlimited capacity for lexical, semantic, artistic, and literary, play a key role in the structure of the Simile and Metaphor? The present study seeks to More The components of the imagination, especially the Moshabbahonbeh and the Mostaaronmenh, with a vast and unlimited capacity for lexical, semantic, artistic, and literary, play a key role in the structure of the Simile and Metaphor? The present study seeks to investigate how and why elements of imagination are selected in Persian poetry in relation to their subject area,with using qualitative research, analytical-descriptive method, and textual research method. The findings show that in addition to the aesthetic Dimensions , Epice, Lyrice, Mystical and educational of the subject of poetry, it has a significant role in the selection of the imaginary components. It should be noted that in the context of the imagination and the subject matter of the poems, the frequency of applications is often considered. Manuscript profile -
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23 - The Analysis of the Main Features of Lyrical Literature in Nezami’s Three Romances (Khosrow o Shirin, Layli o Majnun, Haft Paykar)
Fereshte Nasseri Abdol-Hossein Farzad -
Open Access Article
24 - Fiery Minstrel A Study of Espand (Wild Rue) in Persian Poetry
Masroure Mokhtari Hossein Arian Saeed TavakoliSince the primarily emersion of poetry Persian poets have been assisted with the help of various capacities of language and the words in order to discover new and original notions. Despite many researches conducted, there are still some noteworthy frequently-used words MoreSince the primarily emersion of poetry Persian poets have been assisted with the help of various capacities of language and the words in order to discover new and original notions. Despite many researches conducted, there are still some noteworthy frequently-used words in Persian literature that haven't yet been the subject of any research. Espand (or Wild Rue) is one of them. The present research is to study the evolutionary and developmental areas of meaning of the word since preliminary stages of Persian poetry, i.e. the third century, up to the present. The results reveal that Khorasani and Iraqi styles of poetry didn't have acceptable diversity of introducing new notions, and they were classified in some general motifs as averting a whammy, analogy for the nevus, analogy for the pupil of eye, etc. However, with the advent of Indian style and the rise of meticulously visionary poets, this word has been widely used in such a way that hundreds of lines could be obtained through the works composed in this style. In some way, this word occasionally has been used as substantive model. Despite emersion and exercise of this word in contemporary poetry, it doesn't vary significantly and are almost the same as in both Khorasani and Iraqi styles. Manuscript profile -
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25 - A Study of Bijan Najdi's Lyric Story of Wet Tuesday based on Eileen Baldeshwiler Theory
Mona Aramfar Ashraf Chegini Mohammadali ShafaeiThe vast field of fictional literature covers points and themes, each of which, due to its eloquence relations, has a wide range of various elements and themes. In the meantime, the study of these stories according to ideas of theorists, is a firm step in the way of cri MoreThe vast field of fictional literature covers points and themes, each of which, due to its eloquence relations, has a wide range of various elements and themes. In the meantime, the study of these stories according to ideas of theorists, is a firm step in the way of criticizing and analyzing texts in terms of discovering the internal elements of the text. Eileen Baldeshwiler is one of the theorists who has been able to present various relationships in the stories by emphasis on five principles of revelation of lyric stories. Therefore, in the present study, we decided to explain Bijan Najdi's story of Wet Tuesday according to the ideas of this theorist. The result of research in this field was that the Wet Tuesday that benefits of appropriate elements and themes, paves a good way for critique and analysis of lyrical principles. Hence, in the process of explaining this story according to the ideas of Eileen Baldeshwiler we can observe deep subjectivism on the basis of widespread anachronism and intersection of the emotional curve with the symbols and the intellectual challenges of the characters in the dreamy and mental images, The story is open ended and the author does not inform the reader of the fate and final of the hero. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - The method of conclude-composing in Ferdawsi's lyrical poem of Zāl and Rudābeh
Zeynab Taghi Nezhad Reza Ashraf Zade Batool Fakhr EslamIn this article, the method of conclude-composing in the lyrical poem of Zāl and Rudābeh by Ferdawsi, the famous Iranian poet, has been scrutinized: by asking why the poet chose Visāl (attainment) for the end his love story? and what factors influenced this choice? To a MoreIn this article, the method of conclude-composing in the lyrical poem of Zāl and Rudābeh by Ferdawsi, the famous Iranian poet, has been scrutinized: by asking why the poet chose Visāl (attainment) for the end his love story? and what factors influenced this choice? To achieve this goal, contemplation in several issues such as the author's personal beliefs, dominant beliefs of the society, environment and tradition, the influence of old myths and beliefs on the minds of the previous, present and future people from the time of the poet as well as the reasons for visāl from various social, political, cultural, religious and moral aspects have been studied. From among the findings of this research we can mention the bravery and courage of the lover in reaching the beloved, the beauty of the lover and the beloved, enduring hardships, pure and mutual love, the peace-loving spirit of Iranians, the continuous use of rational and spiritual sources by the characters, exogamy, disappearance of contradictions, and other factors that finally lead to the outcome of these actions and reactions to overcome rivals and remove barriers to visāl. In this study prior to study reasons of visāl, a brief biography of the poet and a summary and background of the story is mentioned. This study is done in library and descriptive-analytic method and by use of authentic articles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - A Structuralist Reading of Parental Love in Sharif Murtaza’s Divan
Somaye Hasanalian Roya kamaliStructuralism is a new critical approach based on literary methods and linguistics which identifies and analyses literary texts and elaborates on its structural beauties. Love and affection as an important element in literature and poetry is highly effective on the stru MoreStructuralism is a new critical approach based on literary methods and linguistics which identifies and analyses literary texts and elaborates on its structural beauties. Love and affection as an important element in literature and poetry is highly effective on the structure of literary texts. Therefore, studying affection in literature creates new fields in literary criticism. Love and affection toward children as an important type of affection, is also important in children upbringings and educational patterns. This issue is mostly covered by the poems of Sharif Murtaza and other poets. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyze affection toward children in the Divan of Sharif Murtaza in the light of structuralism in the four types of lyric poetry (eulogy, salutation, honoring and elegy), based on the analysis of the theme and the structural levels of the poem (musical, grammatical, verbal and rhetorical) in some of selected poems and also based on their comparison to affection parameters. The findings show that emotion is the main element in Sharif Murtaza’s ballads and his language and expressions are colored with emotion. His adherence to emotion in his language has made his poems valuable in the literary studies. Manuscript profile -
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28 - The Study of Fables in Mowlavi's Qazalitate Shams
Mohammed Qolam Rezaei Chenour Borhani Narrative parable (allegory) is a story in poetry or prose which has two meanings: primary or outward and secondary and inward meaning which is below the outward layer. Fable is one type of allegory and consist of a short tale- whether in poetry or prose- w More Narrative parable (allegory) is a story in poetry or prose which has two meanings: primary or outward and secondary and inward meaning which is below the outward layer. Fable is one type of allegory and consist of a short tale- whether in poetry or prose- which is intended to convey a moral lesson. Characters in fable are often animals; but inanimate objects, humans and gods may also be presented in that. Fable in the Persian theosophical parables also has been used for expressing theoretical theosophy concepts and practical theosophy orders. Amongst artistic aspects of Molavi's works in the Shams's lyrics(Qazaliate Shams) is employment of the narrative parables; there are 16 fables among these narrative parables; these fables in terms of structure and form are two types: 1. Fables with storied action and operation (6), 2. Fables in the form of dialogue or scenic story (10). These fables have the same theme and structure in terms of processing and simplicity and brevity is their outstanding feature. 4 of the Molavi's fables are moral- theosophical parable and 10 fables are parable of theoretical theosophy concepts and 2 fables are parable of Kalam (Islamic Philosophy) thoughts. Manuscript profile -
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29 - Sufi-lyrics of Ibne Farez and Jamie ; conceptual comparative criticism
Mohammad Hadi Moradi Fatemeh NasrollahiComparative literature is one of the major branches of literature, in which the researcher surveys on the works of two poets who enjoy different literature and after identifying of the differences and similarities between both of them, their poems and proses are compare MoreComparative literature is one of the major branches of literature, in which the researcher surveys on the works of two poets who enjoy different literature and after identifying of the differences and similarities between both of them, their poems and proses are compared. This leads to unity of culture between two nations and also the great literary men are mostly recognized. In this research, sufi-lyrics of two eminent poets, Ibne Farez and Jami, have conceptually been investigated since both are considered the pioneers of sufi verse between Arab and Persian. This research first deal with the biography of two poets and then their poems are conceptually surveyed based on the most significant symbols of sufi verse such as wine and woman that is used as the mystery of verse by poet in order to express his spiritual goal and mystical purpose. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - A reflection on allegory in the lyric poetry of Chenisernameh
Mohammad Jafar Parvin Seyed Ahmad Hosseini Kazerooni mohamad hady khalg zadeChenisernameh is a lyric and semi-popular poetry in the minds of the Iranian people, imitating Khosrow and Shirin of Nizami in a thousand verses from the 11th century poet named Mr. Edraki Biglari. The subject of this fascinating and popular poetry is the story of Leila MoreChenisernameh is a lyric and semi-popular poetry in the minds of the Iranian people, imitating Khosrow and Shirin of Nizami in a thousand verses from the 11th century poet named Mr. Edraki Biglari. The subject of this fascinating and popular poetry is the story of Leila and Cheniser Shah along with very interesting and purposeful events. It was necessary to study, explore and adapt some of the dimensions of the mentioned works, that is, the considerable existence of allegory in this story, to further explore the horizon of thought of this poet. In this poetry, allegory is mystical and symbolic and the poet's attitude to this category is descriptive-analytical and a library with the aim of reminding the value and ability of allegory in expressing one or more mystical or moral concepts and explaining the desired result of this poet. In the poetry, he pursues a specific purpose and also identifies the lyrical story of Chenisernameh. According to the research questions and hypotheses, the reason for Biglari's perceptual tendency to the category of allegory in the lyric poetry of Chenisernameh is metaphorical, mystical and symbolic, but sometimes it is obligatory and that is when the poet can not express his intellectual concepts easily. In the field of stylistics, in a small number of verses, allegory is sometimes presented in the style of Indian allegorical ghazal, and more precisely, this is a Mathnawi poetry that the poet used both Khorasani and Iraqi styles to compose it during Indian periods, meaning that this ghazal is not an Indian style that the poet mentions in every verse in the first stanza of allegory or in the second stanza of allegory. Manuscript profile -
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31 - Didactic doctrine in the long lyrical poem of Moheb and Mahboob
ahmad reza YalamehaDidactic poem is one of the broadest and longest poetry in the Persian literature. Didactic poetry sometimes independently and separately like long story and potry pays attention to the teaching of advices and ethics and sometimes is disperse among literary works. The l MoreDidactic poem is one of the broadest and longest poetry in the Persian literature. Didactic poetry sometimes independently and separately like long story and potry pays attention to the teaching of advices and ethics and sometimes is disperse among literary works. The long lyrical poems and even epic and eulogy poems contains not only ethics, philosophical, religious concepts but also poetical aspects which increases attractiveness of these literary works. One of the unknown long lyrical poems of the Persian literature (which can also be called the longest Ten letters and it has been neglected) is the long poems of Moheb and Mahboob that is one of the precious works belonging to the eight century. This poetry is in the form of Mthnavi that explains love and love affairs and composed in the way of Ten letters of the Persian literature and has no yet been published. In this lyrical Mathnavi there are lots of didactic concepts and meanings of philosophy that the poet depending on the fields of passivity and artistic sense has used in the different parts of this love story. In this research the aim is to explore and understand, for the first time, the didactic and ethical themes of these long lyrical poems. Manuscript profile -
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32 - A Comparative Study of the roles of birds in Khosrow and Shirin, Leili and Majnoun
Hamid Ayaz Ahmad KhatemiSymbols are part of the culture of a nation and in order to better understand the myths and literature of that nation, we have to realize the meanings these symbols convey. Symbol, sign, is an indication having a meaning beyond what it signifies. Symbols can be observed MoreSymbols are part of the culture of a nation and in order to better understand the myths and literature of that nation, we have to realize the meanings these symbols convey. Symbol, sign, is an indication having a meaning beyond what it signifies. Symbols can be observed in all forms of nature cases in point are animals, human beings, plants, things, etc. This paper tries to answer the question that what the significations of the names of birds are in Khosrow and Shirin, and in Leili and Majnoun? How have each group of the birds been presented in these two works considering their symbolic meanings? And how to find if there is a relationship existing between their symbolic meanings? To find answers for the questions raised, first, these two works have been studied in detail, next the symbolic meanings behind the words and the figurative meanings extant in these two works have been demonstrated, then meanings with lyrical themes have been determined, and in the end, the comparison between the symbols and their meanings have been presented in Fig. Manuscript profile -
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33 - Discussion about Pedagogic and Lyric Literature
Seyed Ahmad Hosseini KazerooniPersian literature is one of the most affluent literatures in the world, being brimful of intrinsic emotions and passions and common various frames of time along vacillating history of this land. Many literal masterpieces have pedagogic aspects, including Molavi’ MorePersian literature is one of the most affluent literatures in the world, being brimful of intrinsic emotions and passions and common various frames of time along vacillating history of this land. Many literal masterpieces have pedagogic aspects, including Molavi’s Spiritual Couplets (Masnavi-E-Manavi), Boostan of Saadi, Hadiqeh of Sanaei, and Poetical Collectanea of Atar which their literal aspects are strong and laconic as in parallel with their pedagogic features. The extent of using pedagogic literature is extremely wide since in any case each work may give some instruction. In Persian poem, lyric literature is uttered in the forms of story, elegy, prayer, complaint (grievance), grumble and lyric recital as sonnet, quatrain, couplet and even ode. However, the foremost poetical frame is sonnet which is adopted in two meanings: 1- Passionate and emotional poems 2- Romantic poems Manuscript profile -
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34 - Complaint in Khaghani’s Poetry
Ali Asghar Baba Safari Marzieh Farahi Qasr AbunasrComplaint is a kind of lyric poetry in which the poet tries to make the reader aware of what has made him/her suffer. Based on the subject, complain is generally divided into five categories: 1) Personal 2) Social 3) philosophical 4) Political 5) Mystical. Khaghani is a MoreComplaint is a kind of lyric poetry in which the poet tries to make the reader aware of what has made him/her suffer. Based on the subject, complain is generally divided into five categories: 1) Personal 2) Social 3) philosophical 4) Political 5) Mystical. Khaghani is among the poets whose poetry is deeply concerened with the motif of grief and sadness. One can almost say for sure that complaining has a particular function in his poetry. Of his 17000 lines, almost 1000 lines (about 6%) of his whole Divan has been devoted to this issue. His poetry is not concerened with mystical complaint at all, and political complaint has the lowest frequency, while other issues are, in turn, divided into various other subdivisions. This paper is concerened with complaint and its reflection in Khaghani’s poetry. Manuscript profile -
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35 - The ancient roots of lyric literature
mona Ahmadi Ahmad KhatamiLyric literature is one of the most effective literary types of Persian language ancientness and its extent is such that it can not be found in any literary text that isnot mixed with the lyrical literature. The present study is to answer two questions , whether the roo MoreLyric literature is one of the most effective literary types of Persian language ancientness and its extent is such that it can not be found in any literary text that isnot mixed with the lyrical literature. The present study is to answer two questions , whether the roots of lyric literature found in the literature before Islam or not ? if the answer is positive how is the amount and kind of enjoying the lyrical content of pre-Islamic literature ?To achieve a scientific answer , the first history of ancient Iran poems combining music explored through oral tradition of literature - khosravanyat , fahlavyat and issues raised in this kind of poetry - study and then with consideration in “Vis and Ramin” Fakhruddin As'd Gorgani and “Khosrow and Shirin” Nezami , the amount effectiveness of pre-Islamic Persian poet literature in the process evolution of lyric literature is shown. Manuscript profile -
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36 - Application of allegorical and symbolic concepts of dogs in epic, lyrical and mystical works Based on Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, Khamseh Nezami and Rumi's Masnavi (Mouvlavi)
hamid ayaz Atefe TeamooriA symbol is an expressive trick that, instead of referring directly to a subject, expresses it indirectly through another subject or in an allegorical way. The symbol has always been a role model in the realm of literature. Symbols are part of the culture of a nation, a MoreA symbol is an expressive trick that, instead of referring directly to a subject, expresses it indirectly through another subject or in an allegorical way. The symbol has always been a role model in the realm of literature. Symbols are part of the culture of a nation, and in order to understand the myths of that nation, one must understand their meanings. Animals are examples that are associated with symbols.This research has been written by library method and analytical-comparative method and its aim is to study the symbolic and allegorical concepts of dog in epic, lyrical and mystical works (based on Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, Nezami’s Khamseh (The Quintuplet) and Rumi's Masnavi) and wants to answer these questions: What is the attitude towards dogs in Avesta and Pahlavi texts? In what symbolic and allegorical terms is dog used in each of the studied works? Is there a correspondence between the symbolic and allegorical concept of dog in the studied works? Which concept has an epic theme, which one has a lyrical theme and which one has a mystical theme? Manuscript profile -
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37 - Sheikh Sanaan Parable of Old man's Tale from mosque to Pub
Seyed Ali Jaafari SadeghiSheikh Sanaan tale addressed by Attar Neishaboori in Manteq Altair Masnavi, is one of the permanent allegorical ancient Persian literature and is the source for creating number of the most basic allegorical motifs of Persian lyric. Therefore, it has been a lot of studie MoreSheikh Sanaan tale addressed by Attar Neishaboori in Manteq Altair Masnavi, is one of the permanent allegorical ancient Persian literature and is the source for creating number of the most basic allegorical motifs of Persian lyric. Therefore, it has been a lot of studies about this story's historical roots and origins, as well as its influence on the works of poets after Attar. Many researchers has found Sheikh Sanan historical features in the man named Abdulrazzagh Yemeni or Sanaani. And Ghazzali's "Tohfat almolook" (Kings Gift) is known as one of the earliest works that mentioned this story. In addition, the origin of the popular theme of old man's going from mosque to pub tale in Hafez lyrics have been seen in this story. In this paper aside from describing the multiple meanings of the mentioned theme several other common themes in the works of lyric poets of the sixth to eighth century related to Sheikh Sanaan tale are studied. However, the examples of mentioned themes applied before Attar narration are studied in Sanai's lyrics. Manuscript profile -
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38 - Allegorical and Symbolic Manifestations of "Soul" Divane -Shamse- Tabrizi
Masoud SepahvandiSymbolization is one of the fundamental and inseparable Sufism and educational bases during the history. In this way, those agnostics who look and think poetically and ingeniously has had more shares of capacity of symbolism to suggest own ideas and opinions. Molana is MoreSymbolization is one of the fundamental and inseparable Sufism and educational bases during the history. In this way, those agnostics who look and think poetically and ingeniously has had more shares of capacity of symbolism to suggest own ideas and opinions. Molana is one of gnostic poets because of his artistic talent and his rhythmical and literary style communicates his numerous and worldly messages covered by special statements to his readers. Therefore, one of the beautiful manifestations of Shams lyrics is new and symbolic conceptions based on some words. I includes"Soul"and implications and compositions of them. In this survey the word "soul" and its synonyms based on above is researched in Shams lyrics. Manuscript profile -
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39 - A Lyric and Didactic Investigation of Lullabies in Bushehr Province
Manizhe Poornemat RoodsariIn the cultural studies approach, the researcher not only dose limit his research to the well-known and prestigious works, but also considers the popular literature as an indicator of the society's culture and worthy for criticism. since lullabies are considered as part MoreIn the cultural studies approach, the researcher not only dose limit his research to the well-known and prestigious works, but also considers the popular literature as an indicator of the society's culture and worthy for criticism. since lullabies are considered as part of folk and oral literature, It is important to achieve more understanding of people of different regions in the field of anthropology and, Therefore, it is useful to investigate how lullabies show social and cultural situation in the region. As writing down and recalling a few lullabies by themselves do not represent a community, the researcher must observe how these lullabies reflect the culture of a society. In this investigation there is an attempt to show that some of the lullabies illustrate the ideals of mothers and religious identity of the people. Lullabies also show the social and economic anxieties of people and family structures such as emotional relations and polygamy. Since the researches done so far about the lullabies of Bushehr have been more collective rather than analytic, this project seems necessary to make known cultural and economical point of views and religious identity of people in Bushehr specially those of mothers and women in this area. Manuscript profile -
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40 - In the name of Allah the Merciful the Compassionate in the lyrical long poems of the Persian literature*
ahmad reza YalamehaLyrical long poems are among the most important literary forms that usually attract a great deal of readers. Although, the main theme of these works includes love and romantic subjects, because of, structure, and meaning of Persian poetry such as eulogy, advice, moral a MoreLyrical long poems are among the most important literary forms that usually attract a great deal of readers. Although, the main theme of these works includes love and romantic subjects, because of, structure, and meaning of Persian poetry such as eulogy, advice, moral and religious subjects, chanting etc….all have been collected in this literary form. One of the high frequency content In many of these long lyrical poems is the theme of In the name of Allah the Merciful and the Compassionate. This theme has been suggested, especially at the beginning of long lyrical poems. This paper attempts to study the use of this noble Quranic phrase in the works of the famous speakers and poets of the Persian language from point of view of consecration, the blessings, the help and the like, therefore, different long poems that begin with these words have been introduced. Manuscript profile -
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41 - The Concept of Examination and Trial in ''Khosrow'' & ''Shirin ''work of Nezami
Zahrasadat Mousavi Ahmad KhatamiIn this paper, we (the writers) try to analyse the concept of ''examination and trial'' in ''Khosrow'' & ''Shirin'' literary work of Nezami, together with effects and requirements. The examination and trial means to test or; and in Quran culture it refers to sets of MoreIn this paper, we (the writers) try to analyse the concept of ''examination and trial'' in ''Khosrow'' & ''Shirin'' literary work of Nezami, together with effects and requirements. The examination and trial means to test or; and in Quran culture it refers to sets of continuous programmes which are about human being and his function and behaviour. In this literary work; Nezami causes ''Khosrow'' and ''Shirin'' to be exposed to several examinations, such as love, separation, power and etc. This paper starts; with presentation of the background of examination and trial,. Then it goes by citing the history of examination and trial in Quran, and anecdotes of Innocents and philosophical texts dealing with the studying the examination and trials existing in literary work of ''Khosrow'' & Shirin''. And with purifying ''Khosrow'' & ''Shirin'' story we study the present examination and trials. Ultimately, we, conclude that in this literary work (Khosrow & Shirin) , Nezami has purified their loves through examination and trial, Nezami fosters these two characters and purify their loves by changing their lustful loves to a heavenly and purely love. Manuscript profile -
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42 - The Beauty of Friend's Face in Saadi's view* (A View of Saadi Aestheticism Thoughts)
Ali Dehghan Fatemeh AlimohammadiBelieve in Divine manifestation in human appearance or studying meaning beauty in mien mirror of beautiful youth has been the method of Aestheticism by some sufia's. In their belief, looking at one beautiful knower is permissible provided that it won't be of passion, bu MoreBelieve in Divine manifestation in human appearance or studying meaning beauty in mien mirror of beautiful youth has been the method of Aestheticism by some sufia's. In their belief, looking at one beautiful knower is permissible provided that it won't be of passion, but by the objective of credit and observer pays attention to the absent one by looking the beautiful one and see ureator's face and beauty in creature. Sa'adi like other Gnostic men attributed to this school, know worshiping visual beauty and virtual love as the way to perfect beauty. Studying Saadi's works and researchers' suggestion indicate that several factors and fields have made Saadi be fond of beautiful people he knows beautiful people and even the whole existence, evidence of Devine beauty. Therefore, to beautiful he knows conditions in human element and believes that each short – sighted person should not look at the beautiful people's face, but this love should be far from sexual enmities. These research examiners Saadi's works and shows the quality, conditions and factors of Saadi's beauty worshiping description in the mirror of his poems evidence. Manuscript profile -
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43 - Human symbol in Einolghozat Hamedani quatrain based on the didactic, lyrical & mystic literature
Mohammad reza RezaeiyanBy study and consideration in literary Traces especially in mystic poem we can understand that literature and mystic is twin (Wraith) and Know that literature language is a substitution of religion language which is earthly and heavenly. Sophie always Profit by literat MoreBy study and consideration in literary Traces especially in mystic poem we can understand that literature and mystic is twin (Wraith) and Know that literature language is a substitution of religion language which is earthly and heavenly. Sophie always Profit by literature especially poetry and surely quatrain to made clear and advanced his belief – in didactic dimension and in enrapture dimension and he speaks in secret­­ language. Einolghozat Hamedani also use poetry especially quatrain in his prose traces that he himself compose. He uses secret language in the best stage by using available secret net work in his quatrain especially human symbol in which they are his subject complementary. So In this research they try to pay attention to the subjects like: how literature and mystic are related mystic literature in didactic- lyrical Form quatrain place in Sophie/ Sophie secret language and human symbol in Einolghozat Hamedani quatrain. Manuscript profile -
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44 - Educational poem and lyrics poem in contemporary poetr of Tajikestan
Gh.Abbas NafisiTakikestan is a part of great Khorasan. Khorasan was birth place of grate men of science and literature of Iran, such as Rodaki, Naser Khosro and Roomi, and now separate from the principal, despite of all the hardship they endure the contemporary centuries, people still MoreTakikestan is a part of great Khorasan. Khorasan was birth place of grate men of science and literature of Iran, such as Rodaki, Naser Khosro and Roomi, and now separate from the principal, despite of all the hardship they endure the contemporary centuries, people still organize poem, teaching classic poem style and also lyrics, this article has attempted to examine the contemporary poetry of Takikestan and overview of development of contemporary poem and poetry of this land considered. Manuscript profile -
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45 - Take Mnzvm Education - Ghana "Hassan Arabhksh" Mirza Tvrsvnzadh, Tajik poet
Marjan Ali AkbarzadehRegarding the very importance of Persian Literature scrutiny overseas and the distribution of it, we study the Education and lyrical poetry composed by Hasan Arrabe Kesh from the point of view of a contemporary poet named Tourson Zadeh in this thesis. His poetry burdens MoreRegarding the very importance of Persian Literature scrutiny overseas and the distribution of it, we study the Education and lyrical poetry composed by Hasan Arrabe Kesh from the point of view of a contemporary poet named Tourson Zadeh in this thesis. His poetry burdens the exclusivity of the above-mentioned doctrine since he is considered of one of the pioneers of Realism-Socialistic literary genre. In this thesis we scrutinize the instances and features of the narration respectively which include: the contrast between tradition and modernism in which the poet desires to have a discontinuity between social and cultural traditions because of his sectarian reflections and the dictation of that influx on addressed people and shift their mind to socialistic and modern thoughts as well. This poem is didactic and lyrical, as well as advice and counsel poet indirect call to promote socialist modernization, and of course, the love story of Hasan and Sadaf is also discussed. Manuscript profile -
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46 - Dialogue and Dramatic characterization in Nezami's lyrics: Khosro and Shirin
Vahideh Shirkavand Seyed Ahmad Hosseini KazerooniNezami's lyrics, Khosro and Shirin, as a great example of Persian lyrics, have embedded different parts of dramatic type in it. Nezami's Khosro and Shirin is very significant in dialogue and characterization. It is also eminent when there is a necessity of monologue. By MoreNezami's lyrics, Khosro and Shirin, as a great example of Persian lyrics, have embedded different parts of dramatic type in it. Nezami's Khosro and Shirin is very significant in dialogue and characterization. It is also eminent when there is a necessity of monologue. By bringing the examples from the inside of the context, the writer in this essay has tries to analyze the characters and their dialogues and finally the readers can believe that a work can be both dramatic and literary, whether it is the lyrics type or other types. Manuscript profile -
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47 - Sa'adi and Love aspects in human being life
Farideh Mohseni hanjaniSa'adi’s existence is full of love and the entire aspects of his existence have been affected. To his opinion, a human being who has born with this divine trust and have been excellent by this from the others. This love has been changed to a sensational love with MoreSa'adi’s existence is full of love and the entire aspects of his existence have been affected. To his opinion, a human being who has born with this divine trust and have been excellent by this from the others. This love has been changed to a sensational love with eternal experience of visit with the absolute beauty in physical world. This love has been known the base of human affairs and the other word is life making by Sa'adi. But this sensational love doesn't fulfill human's needs with all features and eternity worry of human from one side and being eternal of love from the other side causes that these two begin a path to the perfection and have been eternal with joining to the beauty perfection and sheer welfare. Accounting for, analyzing and classifying of this subjects together with samples of Sa'adi works is a goal of writer who has for presenting of this paper. Manuscript profile -
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48 - Comparison of Expressed Emotions in the Poems of Iranian Famous Poets
مریم همتی قراملکی حسین آزادThis research is about the expressed emotions in the complete works of lyrical poems from Attar, Molavy, Sady, Hafez and Sahriar. Sample was chosen by random and analyzed by a valiable and reliable ( = ) chek list. Research findings indicated to percent of complet works MoreThis research is about the expressed emotions in the complete works of lyrical poems from Attar, Molavy, Sady, Hafez and Sahriar. Sample was chosen by random and analyzed by a valiable and reliable ( = ) chek list. Research findings indicated to percent of complet works to express clear emotion. Types of emotions including Love emotion, sadness and then happiness had high frequency. These positive and negative emotions had high intensity. Expressed emotions in the poems are different in each poem book and they match with the features of each poet s personality and they show certain personality-emotional type of the poets expressing emotions of high intensity. Manuscript profile -
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49 - Mystical Approach towards the Concept of Projection in Psychology
Nasser Kazem Khanloo Nasrin Beyranvand"Projection" in psychology is one of the mechanisms through which we can realize and understand the mind and the relative recognition of his personality. Among poets and great thinkers of Iran, there are few people such as Maulana Jalaluddin Balkhi who could be found as More"Projection" in psychology is one of the mechanisms through which we can realize and understand the mind and the relative recognition of his personality. Among poets and great thinkers of Iran, there are few people such as Maulana Jalaluddin Balkhi who could be found as the psychological aspects of human behavior is attended by him. All through his poetic and prose works, especially in the Masnavi and -the psychological analysis and even some knowledge of the issues and concepts such as "self-deception", "justification", "projection" and frequently viewed is.The Great sourcepsychology that personality traits, interests, attitudes and motivations withthe creation of its elementsreflect. One of the new concepts in this article reflect the psychology of the "projection" in his works, especially his iconic imagery, tracking and based on evidence, are reasonably determining the concept of projection, projection and causes along with the incidence listed. Manuscript profile -
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50 - Semantic Continuity of Hafiz’s Lyrics Based on Psychoanalytic Analysis with an Approach to Islamic Mysticism
Zohreh Khalili Asghar Daadbeh Ahmad Khiali KhatibiIf we look at the characters of Hafiz's divan from the field of psychology, the presence of archetypes, especially "anima" can be seen in them. At the beginning of the lyricss shown by Anima, the beloved is usually earthly and the lyrics is romantic, and as we approach MoreIf we look at the characters of Hafiz's divan from the field of psychology, the presence of archetypes, especially "anima" can be seen in them. At the beginning of the lyricss shown by Anima, the beloved is usually earthly and the lyrics is romantic, and as we approach the final verses, a spiritual and spiritual sense prevails over the verses, and the beloved finds heavenly effects. In 26th lyrics (He is agitated and smiling and has a drunken smile....) It also has such a characteristic while the cause of these fluctuations and changes in the transformation of the archetype of anima to the archetype of the wise old man as well as the self-scrutiny and individuality of the poet and the whole lyrics narrates the process of this transition. The use of analytical psychology interpretation in the lyrics in question opens a window to the commentator's point of view and equips him to look deeper than traditional interpretations into the poet's poems and the fundamental and strong connection in the vertical axis of speech that in Understand the dust of conscious prejudices of the covered mind, while this inner attitude is also a suitable vehicle for mystical interpretations of Hafiz's Lyrics in question. Manuscript profile -
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51 - Study of Elements of Animal Symbolism in the Koranic in Shams' Lyrics a Prototype Perspective
Ali safayi roghaye AlianiPeople try to use normal speeches and writings in order to express their meanings, but the normal language is not able to induce mental meanings and beyond, thus by elevating the lingual capacity they evade normality and make use of applying symbols. Accordingly, Rumi, MorePeople try to use normal speeches and writings in order to express their meanings, but the normal language is not able to induce mental meanings and beyond, thus by elevating the lingual capacity they evade normality and make use of applying symbols. Accordingly, Rumi, a religious poet and intellectual, has subject matters in his mind that induces them through the eloquent mechanism of symbolism onto the audience, and since the Koranic themes flowed in the unconscious mind of Rumi, in which the variety of words and meanings Rumi used regarding traditions and the Koran represented his Islamic knowledge, therefore, symbols have consecutively maintained their religious background whereby in most cases to infer the implicit layers of a symbol one should take it into account its religious deep structure. The result of the studies shows that Rumi has utilized the Koranic predicates and traditions to process his Islamic and mystical patterns including refinement of soul, introspection, resurrection, and so on, which are composed of various layers of mental and lingual by poet in a form of concentric circles revolving around a human axis. Manuscript profile -
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52 - Manifestation of Mysticism in Reza-Qoli Khan Hedayat’s Lyrics
Neda Pazaj Ata Mohammad Radmanesh Mohammad Ebrahim IrajpourSafavid era and the one after cannot be considered as the instant elimination period and regression era for Sufism. This was the era of turbulent social conditions so that after a period of interregnum, people had their full attention to the mystics of the time and the MoreSafavid era and the one after cannot be considered as the instant elimination period and regression era for Sufism. This was the era of turbulent social conditions so that after a period of interregnum, people had their full attention to the mystics of the time and the followers at this era left outstanding works of their own. Included was the Reza-Qoli Khan Hedayat as a symbol of sophistication during Qajar period. Along with managing court and administrative affairs, he went through the course of mysticism and left behind significant works accordingly. This paper takes a glimpse of mysticism during Qajar era, the course of tariqa by Reza-Qoli Khan Hedayat, poetic style, the emotional and intellectual level of the poet, and the reflection of the mystical topics in his lyrics. Manuscript profile -
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53 - Study and Analysis of the words Talab and Tarab in Rumi's lyric poems
Hamidreza Ghaffarian-e Mabhut mohammadali Khaledyan Hasan Ali Abbaspoure EsfadanWe know that each class and group use its own language to express the characteristics of its profession and method. Mystics and Sufis are no exception. For this reason, from the beginning of the second half of the second century, through Islamic Sufism and its aftermath MoreWe know that each class and group use its own language to express the characteristics of its profession and method. Mystics and Sufis are no exception. For this reason, from the beginning of the second half of the second century, through Islamic Sufism and its aftermath, they have created many terms and described and explained them. The first step of sufi’s journey (Soluk) is called Talab. Rumi believes that the requirement of this journey for the seeker (Tāleb) is to be an avid of love, or to serve the Murshid, therefore withMurshid’s blessing and guidance, a desire arises in him. When he reached the desired point, the next step will start which is called Tarab. Rumi’s basic plan for everyone's life is such spiritual that one should either strive for Tarb or Tarb. In fact, his life passed after getting acquainted with Shams transformation. Rumi's attitude towards happiness is so positive. He never places sorrow in his heart and always cries out of love by Sama (Sufi ceremony) and invites everyone to happiness. In his opinion the durable happiness will be achieved when we fall in love. In this research, we want to examine how Rumi explains these two steps, i.e. "Talab" and "Tarab". Manuscript profile -
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54 - A Comparative Study of the Structure of Poetic Images of Hossein Manzavi and Mohammad Ali Bahmani
Narges Abdollahi Ali Sarvar Yaghoobi Shahrokh HhekmatThe present article is a comparative study of the structure of poetic images of Hossein Manzavi and Mohammad Ali Bahmani. For this purpose, first the isolated lyric poems and then the avalanche lyric poems have been studied, and after examining the lyric poems, adaptati MoreThe present article is a comparative study of the structure of poetic images of Hossein Manzavi and Mohammad Ali Bahmani. For this purpose, first the isolated lyric poems and then the avalanche lyric poems have been studied, and after examining the lyric poems, adaptation and analysis have been done between these two contemporary lyricists. The method of work is such that the sonnets of these two poets have been studied in the field of image (image). The abnormalities and innovations of these two lyricists in each of these sections have been done according to the selected lyric poems and some of their strengths and weaknesses have also been expressed. It is worth mentioning that the lyric poems and verses mentioned by these two poets for example have been selected in such a way that they show the personal style of these two poets and can show the possible differences and similarities between the two.The aim of this study was to find linguistic deviations in Monzavi sonnets using descriptive-analytical method in the framework of structuralism and based on Leach deviation model. Accordingly, the deviations and artistic creations of the poet are often sought for simplicity in the language of poetry and its approach to common language (simple and impossible). In general, the most common type of deviation in qualitatively and quantitatively isolated sonnets is semantic deviation. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical with library technique. Manuscript profile -
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55 - Reflection of lyrical subjectivity in the norm and the sonnet of Houshang Ebtehaj
Abbas BaghinejadHooshang Ebtehaj (H.E .Saye), a contemporary poet and modern poet, has brought a new and special manifestation of Ghanaian poetry. In both Nimayi poetry and Ghazal, he is indebted to the lyrical attitudes and language of his predecessors, and has been influenced in vari MoreHooshang Ebtehaj (H.E .Saye), a contemporary poet and modern poet, has brought a new and special manifestation of Ghanaian poetry. In both Nimayi poetry and Ghazal, he is indebted to the lyrical attitudes and language of his predecessors, and has been influenced in various ways by the rich mentality prevalent in Persian poetry, as well as by renowned Ghazal poetry. Anyway, Ebtehaj's approach has monopolistic features that distinguish it from other traditionalist sonnets. In this essay, several aspects of the poetry of Ghazal are studied and the quality and aspects of this poet's influence on the tradition of Persian poetry, as well as how he deals with some of the foundations and components of lyric poetry, are analyzed and Explain. In this regard, Ebtajaj's dual approach, which is sometimes traditional and sometimes unusual and exclusive, deals with such topics as rich mentality, romantic attitude, love tradition, beloved beauty, beloved lust and fascination with love. Has been studied and the role of these categories in the development of lyrical and thematic-creativity and the aesthetic richness of ebtehaj's poems, both solely in love with his sonnets and with symbols of social and philosophical prestige, has been described. Manuscript profile -
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56 - Analysis and study of elements and artistic images of nature in the poems of Saadi and Petrarch with emphasis on illustrated copies
ashraf sadat ashrafi Mohammadreza Asad Fateme AsgariThe present article is a comparative comparison between Saadi's sonnets and Petrarch's sonnets, which deals with the aesthetic aspects of nature, illustrations and poetic imagery in the form of similes, metaphors and symbols; Attention has been paid.Saadi, a great poet MoreThe present article is a comparative comparison between Saadi's sonnets and Petrarch's sonnets, which deals with the aesthetic aspects of nature, illustrations and poetic imagery in the form of similes, metaphors and symbols; Attention has been paid.Saadi, a great poet of love, and Petrarch father of Humanism, use nature and its various elements not only to describe their ownstate of mind but also to emphasize the beauty of their loved one. At a first sightusage of nature made by two poets appears identical, but with a more careful analytical study we realize some points of divergence at the level of poetic conception that exists in the two poetry collections. So knowing poetic traditions and very different linguistic styles bring us closer to poetic cultures far from our poetic raditionalready known for its lyricism and this is a factor that helps to enrich ourindepth cultural knowledge . The research method adopted is descriptive and analytical with a comparative approach between the two selected corpuses. Manuscript profile -
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57 - The magic of proximity in Saadi's lyric poems
shaiestehsadat hoseini robat Enayat allah shrifpour Gholam Abbas zakeriThe magic of proximity as one of the components of formalism plays a prominent role in the artistic expression of speech. In fact, this topic deals with the balance between phonemes and words. And from this perspective, we can mention many rhetorical elements such as re MoreThe magic of proximity as one of the components of formalism plays a prominent role in the artistic expression of speech. In fact, this topic deals with the balance between phonemes and words. And from this perspective, we can mention many rhetorical elements such as repetition, phonology, types of puns, prostration, arrangement and balance, and other industries. Phonetic accompaniment creates music from this perspective, enchants the audience and induces meaning. In this way, it adds to the audience In such a way that sometimes words that are not related to each other in terms of meaning and their similarity is only in terms of phonetics are accepted. 's pleasure.And the mind seeks to discover meaning for them, and the poet or writer-artist will be more successful in inducing his desired goals and meanings by using this technique.In this article, using descriptive method and providing examples, we examined the magical effects of proximity in Saadi's lyric poems.It can be said that the magical effects of proximity in Saadi's sonnets, according to the division of kourosh safavi from the types of balance, can be mentioned more in the subset of phonetic balance, and through this, Saadi has increased the influence of his words. Manuscript profile -
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58 - Rhetorical question and its secondary purposes in Kassab Kashani's poems
Elham gholamkelisan Mehrdad Chatraei Morteza RashidiOne of the tools influencing the audience is using the power of words to convey secondary meanings, and this issue is well seen in the secondary meanings of interrogatives. Due to the necessity and necessity of the topic, the poet raises news, orders and prohibitions in MoreOne of the tools influencing the audience is using the power of words to convey secondary meanings, and this issue is well seen in the secondary meanings of interrogatives. Due to the necessity and necessity of the topic, the poet raises news, orders and prohibitions in the form of questions, because the effect of the sentences of news or orders and prohibitions in the form of interrogatives is much greater on the listener than in the form of news or orders and prohibitions. Is; The poet expresses his meaning in the form and construction of questions in order to make the reader or listener to think faster and better, or to prevent him or to arouse his emotions. Literary questions in sentences often have no answer and are used to achieve various rhetorical functions. In this research, the author is trying to investigate the rhetorical question in Kassab Kashani's poems with descriptive-analytical method and library tools and to answer the question that what are the most implied meanings of questioning used in Kassab Kashani's poetry? The results of the research indicate that most of the questions in Kassab Kashani's poetry include the implicit meaning of helplessness and expressing despair, and Kassab has used all the linguistic tricks and abilities in the structure of semantics in his poem and embellished his speech in a way. Is. The optimal use of the science of meanings has made his words lasting and influential and heartwarming. Manuscript profile -
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59 - Reflection of Arabic and Persian Proverbs and Sayings in the Mirror of Odes and Lyric Poetry and Fragments of Taqi Danesh
rajab tohidiyanStudying Persian literature and poetry from the beginning of its formation to the present time reveal that poets and writers have abundantly used Arabic and Persian proverbs and sayings in myriad ways and methods to add sweetness and eloquence to their writings. By stud MoreStudying Persian literature and poetry from the beginning of its formation to the present time reveal that poets and writers have abundantly used Arabic and Persian proverbs and sayings in myriad ways and methods to add sweetness and eloquence to their writings. By studying the works of great poets such as Ferdowsi, Naser Khosrow, Onsorolmaali, Nasrullah Munshi, Saada din Verminy, Sanai, Anwari, Nezami, Khaghani, Attar Nish Aburi, Atta Mulk Jowini, Maulana, Sadie, Hafiz, and some others, it is disclosed that they have extensively used Arabic and Persian proverbs, verses, anecdotes and sayings to express high moral, mystical, social, political, and literary thoughts to the extent that such expressive way turns as a dominant characteristic of their style. Taghi Danesh, the eminent poet of late Qajar and early Pahlavi dynasties, was under the shining influence of anecdotes, Persian and Arabic proverbs and sayings and effortlessly attempt to reflect such beauty in his writings. The present study aims to investigate and analyze the ways and techniques of using Arabic and Persian proverbs, sayings and anecdotes in sonnets and fragments of Taghi Danesh. The present research achieves the result that use of Arabic and Persian proverbs, sayings, and anecdotes, following predecessors’ reflection, is evident in all his odes and sonnets and fragments and turns to his distinctive stylistic feature. Manuscript profile -
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60 - Frequency of complaint poems in Iraqi and Indian style
tayebeh alizadehReviewIn Persian literature, the widest semantic horizon is the horizon of lyrical poetry; Poems that express personal feelings and emotions. Lyrical poetry in Persian is presented in the form of lyric, Masnavi, quatrain, couplet and even ode, but the most important for MoreReviewIn Persian literature, the widest semantic horizon is the horizon of lyrical poetry; Poems that express personal feelings and emotions. Lyrical poetry in Persian is presented in the form of lyric, Masnavi, quatrain, couplet and even ode, but the most important format is lyric. There are many types of lyrical literature, and Beth al-Shukwa's poetry is one of them. Shokouyeh's poem is in fact a kind of revelation of inner sufferings and pains that afflicts the poet, although the poet expresses his sorrow in terms of the moods and mourning of the poems and the imprisonment of the poems. And in satires and satires, he shouts his anger and disgust towards the factors of his sorrow, but in the complaints, he complains by introducing these factors. "The importance of complaints is more in recognizing the spirits of their poets, because each complaint, in addition to revealing the unfavorable situation of the poet's life, also gives a clear picture of his ideal society." (Cerami 2008). Since there are many issues that cause human grief as well as complaints and grievances, it is difficult to classify them.However, in terms of content, complaints can be divided into 5 categories: 1- personal 2- philosophical, 3- social, 4- mystical, 5- political. Manuscript profile -
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61 - Poems Collection Structures of "Hanjarey Zakhmi Taghazol (The Sore Larynx Lyricism)" of Hussein Monzavi
zivar dehghani shams- al -hajiyeh ardalani seyed ahmad kazerooniRepetition and circle are the main axes of the formation of musical elements. This pattern is also found in the musical system of modern poetry and covers three inner, outer and aside music areas. Based on these patterns, Monzavi has created the music of his poems. This MoreRepetition and circle are the main axes of the formation of musical elements. This pattern is also found in the musical system of modern poetry and covers three inner, outer and aside music areas. Based on these patterns, Monzavi has created the music of his poems. This study aims to examine the music creator arrays in sonnets of the collection "HANJAREY ZAKHMI TAGHAZOL" (sore throat lyricism) and the method of using these elements and also their function in Monzavi poems has been shown. The findings of this research suggest that Monzavi use different ways for the musical richness of his own lyrics including: pay attention to the diversity of prosodic rhythms, employing useful rhythms, create proper meaning and thematic with the rhythm of prosody, pun utilizing, repetition, contrast, rhymes musical function that make his poems unison, totally, Monzavi poem musicality elements classified in four categories: Outer music, aside music, internal music and spiritual music. Manuscript profile -
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62 - Music synergies in terms of artistic use of verbs in the ghazals of Hafez
M ohamad Mojavezy ramezan MojavvezyHafez has long since been known, and researchers areeager eloquence and beauty aspects, beautiful poems of the great poet explored and put on display, but the beauty of it, the words of Hafiz, resurrection and its beautysurprisingly novel. This study is trying, with the MoreHafez has long since been known, and researchers areeager eloquence and beauty aspects, beautiful poems of the great poet explored and put on display, but the beauty of it, the words of Hafiz, resurrection and its beautysurprisingly novel. This study is trying, with the current study and explore specific techniques to use its poet, Hafez art word shown in the increased load music and other aspects of the beauty of his words portray. In general we can say that the verb in the poetry of Hafez, one of the most significant factors, illustrator and poet is done by combining various actions of the imagination, music is Ragvshnvaz his word. Manuscript profile -
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63 - lyric literature
hasan bassakkjgscvhk gfhagdfagfkjgscvhk gfhagdfagf Manuscript profile -
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64 - Analysis Of Female Character In Jamal Nasari Lyrics Mirror
Ali Akbar Mohseni Mohammad Bostan Behnaz NazariThe present study aimed to investigate the female aspect from the perspective of Nasari. Addressing women's role and showing real and sometimes ethereal figures of women in all historical periods of Arab literature, is seen in the works of many poets and writers. But co MoreThe present study aimed to investigate the female aspect from the perspective of Nasari. Addressing women's role and showing real and sometimes ethereal figures of women in all historical periods of Arab literature, is seen in the works of many poets and writers. But contemporary poets with new and different look than in the past; focused on the subject of women. Jamal Nasari of those poets whose poems in the collection of the same name in different threads to express their feelings and ideas and personal concern for the social, political and cultural benefit. This study intended to examine different aspects of women's role in Nasari poetry. Nasari in many positions held an optimistic bias towards women and at the same time his pessimistic words and ideas against women were not rare. The findings of this descriptive-analytic study proposed issues such as lack of society attention to woman emotions, a symbol of chastity, a man woman comforting, sad parting of lovers, shelter and support, etc., as well as to describes negative attitudes the poet dealt to. Therefore, by examining the lyrics of the poet the results indicated that the Nasari poems did not include describing the physical characteristics of women, but were symbols of the concepts and themes of the poet to express his feelings through it. Manuscript profile -
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65 - An Analysis of Evolution Content Elements of Poetesses Lyric Poetry in Contemporary Literature of Iran
Hosein Salimi Ali Mohammad MahmoudiThe present study aim was to investigate the evolution of the content of lyric poetry in contemporary Iranian women lyrics works. The studied universe was the poetess lyric poetry from the Constitutional Era to the beginning of the contemporary nineties decade. The samp MoreThe present study aim was to investigate the evolution of the content of lyric poetry in contemporary Iranian women lyrics works. The studied universe was the poetess lyric poetry from the Constitutional Era to the beginning of the contemporary nineties decade. The sample of the study was the lyrics poetry of Jaleh Ghaem Maghami, the poetry and the lyrics of Simin Behbahani and Forough Farrakhzad. The research method was descriptive-analytical and data collection was done through the library and digital research resources. To analyze the data, personality-centered trend methodology of the content of poetess's lyric poetry and its significant developments in the context of contemporary history were applied. The results showed that the totality and quality of women's poetry in this period were evolved progressively. The lyric poetry of contemporary Iranian women, after the lyric poetry of Simin Behbahani and Forough Farakhzad, had moved towards new and freethinking horizons. Among the intra-cultural and extra-cultural currents of thought in Iran, two types of committed lyric poetry, community-oriented and postmodern lyric poetry, and sometimes deconstructed linguistic lyric poetry, had the largest share. Women's lyric poetry, like Nimai's free verses, had found the opportunity to express feminine emotions, and the lyric poetry, entered into various currents and polyphonic from the classical and monophonic state. The study of women's lyric poetry in the late hundred years meant the hundred-year sociological study of women's poetry and, consequently, Iranian society. Manuscript profile -
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66 - A Study on Stylistic Analysis of Nezami Ganjavi’s Poems
Seyyed Mahmoud Reza Gheibi Maryam Ebadi AsayeshUnderstanding and examining literary works is one of the significant features in determining the linguistic, literary, and intellectual parameters of that work. Being one of the prominent Persian poets, Nezami Ganjavi is the one whose poems especially in regard to Styli MoreUnderstanding and examining literary works is one of the significant features in determining the linguistic, literary, and intellectual parameters of that work. Being one of the prominent Persian poets, Nezami Ganjavi is the one whose poems especially in regard to Stylistics have many things to discuss. Examining Stylistic features, to some extent, one can understand his poetic structure and specify his position in the poetry and literature of Iran. The purpose of this study is understanding the Stylistic features of Nezami Ganjavi and reaching to his personal style at last. In this regard, the present study tries to derive the most significant linguistic, intellectual and literary features of his poems to present a better understanding of the poetry and style of the mentioned poet, systematically. In the preset study after examining the different samples from Nezami’s two books of poetryKhosroo and Shririn and Leyli and Majnoonusing descriptive and analytical method, Nezami’s outstanding characteristic of poems appeared which the most important were: the diversity of vocabulary used, poetic combinations, creating new concepts, didacticism, diversity of subjects, concerning different sciences, folklore and creating original imagery. Manuscript profile -
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67 - A comparative study and comparison of love and its presence in the epic poems of Koushnameh and Bahmannameh
Maryam Aein Hamid Tabasi Nemat Esfahani OmranThe two epic poems Bahman Nameh and Kush Nameh are among the national epics that were organized after Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and following it in the late 5th and 6th centuries and played a significant role in completing the narratives and stories of the Shahnameh. By care MoreThe two epic poems Bahman Nameh and Kush Nameh are among the national epics that were organized after Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and following it in the late 5th and 6th centuries and played a significant role in completing the narratives and stories of the Shahnameh. By carefully and reflecting on these two works, one can understand the necessity of ordering and printing the works after the Shahnameh in keeping alive the Persian language and the stories of ancient Iran, which Iranshah bin Abi al-Khair, with all his love and devotion, devoted himself to order and compose it. In these two epic verses, on the occasion of many conflicts and grudges between the main characters of the story and their enemies, we are faced with numerous scenes of war and battle; So that the main characteristic in Bahman Nameh and Kush Nameh can be considered as the category of war and fighting, and the best descriptions in these two books can be considered specific to the battlefields. But in the midst of these epic stories, we come across lyrical and romantic scenes that are actually the meeting place of epic and poetry. These stories, while being epic, have the characteristics of Ghanaian stories. In this research, the author tries to investigate the love effects in these two verses by descriptive-comparative method. The results of the research indicate that these two poems are an epic poem. be; But the manifestations of love and romantic relationships can be seen everywhere in these two works. Manuscript profile -
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68 - Investigation of engineering form of linguistic and literary structure of repetition in Kalim Kashani's lyric poems
Fazlollah Rezaei Ardani Gholamreza Hatafi ArdakaniRepetition is way to create and increase the amount of music and increase the norm in words and is important in music and rhetoric. In this literary research, this linguistic and literary art has been studied in the lyric poems of Kalim Kashani, the famous poet of the 1 MoreRepetition is way to create and increase the amount of music and increase the norm in words and is important in music and rhetoric. In this literary research, this linguistic and literary art has been studied in the lyric poems of Kalim Kashani, the famous poet of the 11th century. The use of repetition has filled this poet with inner music, and this structure serves to convey meaning and feeling to the audience. Repetition is one of the factors in creating music.signs of this linguistic phenomenon can be seen in nature, such as day and night, spring and summer, and ... Repetition is the important features of the poet's words in the axis of accompaniment, or the longitudinal extension of his poems. This article examines its form. This feature creates visual and auditory, order, communication, and convinces the audience's mind and takes them to literary pleasure. This research has been done with the aim of examining the application of the tools for creating the music of speech, namely repetition and also localization of formalist critique, in the lyric poems of Kalim Kashani. The research method in this article is based on the study, analysis and objective description of the research findings, taking into account the principles of formalist critique. By this research, it was found that Kalim used the literary ornament of proportion, the melody of letters and other linguistic and literary works of art by using repetition to explore the mind of the audience and induce the content. Manuscript profile -
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69 - Investigating the imaginary schemas of "love" in Farrokhi Sistani's lyric poems
nabiollah arabkhazaeli Hoseein Ali pashapasandi Hossein Parsaeischemas are one of the most important concepts in cognitive linguistics, the main issue of which is that actions and behaviors emerge from us in this world, and through this, fundamental conceptual structures emerge to think about abstract matters. Are used. The present Moreschemas are one of the most important concepts in cognitive linguistics, the main issue of which is that actions and behaviors emerge from us in this world, and through this, fundamental conceptual structures emerge to think about abstract matters. Are used. The present study, with a descriptive-analytical method, examines the types of imaginary schemas (volumetric, kinetic and power) in the word "love" in Farrokhi Sistani's poems. The purpose of this study is to identify these schemas in Farrokhi's sonnets and how the word "love" is objectified in them. The results indicate that among the three imaginary schemas, the power schema has a higher frequency in Farrokhi's lyric poems; Because Farokhi shows in his poems that love has influenced the lover with his great power. After the concept of power schema, the motion schema has the highest frequency in Farrokhi's lyric poems, which has been used to show the companionship of love with the lover during the path of love. The volumetric schema has the lowest frequency and with the help of this schema, the poet shows the sufferings of the lover in the path of love. Manuscript profile -
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70 - Studying the lyrical concepts in the novel "Shohare Ahookhanom”
Golaleh Moradi Abdoalnaaser Nazariyaani Mohammad Amir ObaydinyaExpressing personal emotions in its broad concept in the form of poetry and prose has always been considered by poets and writers of Persian literature in different periods. Personal feelings and emotions, from the most delicate to the greatest, fall into the realm of l MoreExpressing personal emotions in its broad concept in the form of poetry and prose has always been considered by poets and writers of Persian literature in different periods. Personal feelings and emotions, from the most delicate to the greatest, fall into the realm of lyrical literature. The novel is one of literary genres and it is the dominant literary genres of the present age, which has the potential and space to create lyrical concepts. “Shohare AhooKhanom” is a novel which is written by Ali Mohammad Afghani and is the first known work in the style of realism in Persian literature. In the present research, it is aimed to study the types of lyrical concepts in this novel by using the descriptive-analytical method. The lyrical concepts in Shohare AhooKhanom novel are mostly expressed in the form of description, love and affection, sadness, anger and hatred, happiness and hope, and music and local dance. The author uses these concepts to describe the space, the mood of the characters in the novel, and to have a greater impact on the audience. Manuscript profile -
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71 - The analysis non- verbal communication in khosro&shirin poem
afsane oladi hosayn parsaeiIyric titerature is a world full of secrets. Containing rich and anciant culture, khosrou&shirin poem is the sea of secrects of non-affected by the non-verbal elements more than verbal ones.As research has shown, more than 70% of human messages Transmit through non- MoreIyric titerature is a world full of secrets. Containing rich and anciant culture, khosrou&shirin poem is the sea of secrects of non-affected by the non-verbal elements more than verbal ones.As research has shown, more than 70% of human messages Transmit through non-verbal communication and audience get only 30% of The messages through word and speech.Nezami amazingly communicates to audience by creating different concepts and contexts throught coherence and body language Researching in interdisiplinary and communication sciences, The auther investigates The non- verbal communications in khosrou& shirin poem in this article, and attempts to Show the messages that the poet wanted to convey to the readers via non-verbal communication.Nezami has created a dramatic and romantic atmosphere by using the non-verbal functions of sign language, action language and the language of objects.This paper analyzes these functions.The result of the studies shows that body movements and eye contacts play a greal and important role in Conveying messages and synesis in The Field of Communication.Key words: non-verbal communication, lyricliterature, Body language, Language functions, khosrou&shirin poem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - A study of emotion different dimensions in Amir Khosro's lyric poems
Zahra L Labbafiyan yazd mahmoud sadeghzadeh Dr Hossein shahabrazaviEmotion is a reaction that human beings show to their inner and environmental experiences, and poetry begins with the domination of emotion and feeling over the poet's soul, and this element reflects how the poet reacts to events. Due to the quality of the poet's attitu MoreEmotion is a reaction that human beings show to their inner and environmental experiences, and poetry begins with the domination of emotion and feeling over the poet's soul, and this element reflects how the poet reacts to events. Due to the quality of the poet's attitude to the outside world and the events, emotion is the inner and spiritual feeling and background of the poem. Although the emotional stimulus of the artist depends on environmental and external factors, they are more dependent on the inside of the poet and have a direct relationship with the poet's inner feelings. Art is the arena to transfer emotion and it seems that it can be viewed from different dimensions due to the emotional range and importance of poem. Emotion is the most important element of poetry to which other elements should serve. The relationship between emotion and image, language, music, and atmosphere of the poem needs to be considered. The present study investigated the element of emotion in 60 lyric poems of Amir Khosro's lyric poems and showed the advantages and prominence of this element from different dimensions of these lyric poems. The results of this study were obtained based on bibliographic studies and descriptive-analytical method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Analysis of mystical themes in one hundred lyric poems of Kashan
Fazlollah Rezaei Ardani Gholamreza Hatafi ArdakaniKaleem Kashani is one of the famous lyric poets of the 11th century AH, whose lyricism shows signs of mysticism and Sufism. Mystical teachings in his sonnets express true or heavenly love. In this article, mystical subjects in a hundred lyric poems of Kaleem Kashani, kn MoreKaleem Kashani is one of the famous lyric poets of the 11th century AH, whose lyricism shows signs of mysticism and Sufism. Mystical teachings in his sonnets express true or heavenly love. In this article, mystical subjects in a hundred lyric poems of Kaleem Kashani, known as the creator of second meanings, have been studied randomly in order to depict the prominent manifestations of love and its perfection. In addition, in literary and mystical researches, Kaleem Introduce the title of mystic poet and finally point out that his lyrical lyric poems are a place to express high mystical meanings. The lyric poems of this creative poet have a mystical structure and he tries to find the precious gem of true love by designing mystical mechanisms. On this occasion, manifestations of mystical teachings have been included in his lyric poems. This article, by analyzing and describing mystical findings, intends to first analyze the mystical tendencies of Kaleem and examine and analyze them by mentioning examples of those examples. Examining the mystical teachings in the lyric poems of this poet, it is worthwhile to consider Kaleem as one of the mystics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Examining the Indicators of Lyrical Literature in the Ritual Poems of Malek Osh-Shoarai Bahar
Shabnam Karimshahi Malayeri reza sadeghi shahpar Hojatolah GhmoniriPredominance of the poet’s emotions has made Ritual poetry one of the most significant types of lyrical literature; accordingly, most of the form and content indicators of lyrical literature are used in its substance. This research aims to investigate and explain MorePredominance of the poet’s emotions has made Ritual poetry one of the most significant types of lyrical literature; accordingly, most of the form and content indicators of lyrical literature are used in its substance. This research aims to investigate and explain the reflection of the features of lyrical literature in the ritual poems of Persian Constitutional era - a case study of the ritual poems of Malek Osh-Shoarai Bahar. Bahar, one of the most prominent poets of the Constitutional period and the poet laureate of Astan Quds Razavi, had a long career in composing religious poems, especially in lamentation of the Prophet and the infallible Imams. He portrayed the true face of the Holy figures with an imagination full of emotion and feeling, and described them in the mirror of poetry via a lyrical language. The current research is conducted with a descriptive analytical approach using library research method, and seeks to examine the quantity and quality of the features of lyrical literature in the ritual poetry of Malek Osh-Shoarai Bahar in order to show their frequency and prominence. The result of the research shows that the content indicators such as description, pessimistic view of the times, reference to religious holidays and the birth of the Holy figures, etc. in Bahar's poetry originate from the poet's emotion (sorrow and happiness), and have been shown in the rhetorical structure (formal indicators) through simile and metaphor, as well as in the lyrical language of the poems through alliteration and lyrical music. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Sociology of lyrical literature in the poem "Laili and Majnoon" by Nizami Based on the views of Lukács, Bourdieu and Adorno
marayam zakeri Kamran Pashaie fakhri parvane adelzadeThe poem of Lili and Majnoon is especially important among Persian lyrical stories. It is important to examine it based on various types of criticism. One of the important types of criticism is sociological and theory-oriented criticism. Lukács, Pierre Bourdieu a MoreThe poem of Lili and Majnoon is especially important among Persian lyrical stories. It is important to examine it based on various types of criticism. One of the important types of criticism is sociological and theory-oriented criticism. Lukács, Pierre Bourdieu and Theodor Adorno have examined. The problem is the analysis of the lyrical content of the work based on mentalities, objectivity, social transformations, collective characteristics, theories of action, cultural differentiation and four capitals. The research method is descriptive-analytical, in this way, what and why are the sociological effects of lyrical literature, the lyrical characteristics and cultural geography of the said work separately and compared with each other, the nature of the lyrical literature born of this work, the type of vitality and The basis of the homogenous and contrasting lyrical actions of the characters in the stories, the cultural watershed, the cultural distinctions of the real society and the inner society of the story, re-examination and new findings were obtained, the findings show: the phenomena of the story are not monotonous to the objectivity, worldview, poet's mentalities. and the ideology of the social groups of the era of the emergence of the system that have shown themselves in the form of stories are related. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - A Study on External Music in Sanai Ghaznavi’s Lyrics
Khalil Hadidi Fatemeh ShekhlovandLiterature has boundless capacity with literary context in the form of poem, prose or both of them. The different between poem and prose is that poem has special music feeling and imagination that is more powerful than prose, but it doesn’t necessarily mean that p MoreLiterature has boundless capacity with literary context in the form of poem, prose or both of them. The different between poem and prose is that poem has special music feeling and imagination that is more powerful than prose, but it doesn’t necessarily mean that prose is unfilled with music. There are different styles of music in poetry which one of them is external music related to poem rhythm. One of the famous and powerful poets in Persian literature is Sanaee Ghaznavi who used this music skillfully. There are a few rhythm deficiencies in his lyrics indicating that form has an importance value in Persian poetry as well as the meaning and content. This paper aims at analyzing the external music in Sanaee Ghaznavi’s poetry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - The Criticizing of the Lyric Poems of Hafez According of Formalists
Masood SepahvandiFormalists consider literary works without concentration of ersonality,spiritual,and beliefs of writer.According to them, a litrary work is an absolute form.Ther MoreFormalists consider literary works without concentration of ersonality,spiritual,and beliefs of writer.According to them, a litrary work is an absolute form.Therefore, in confronting to a literary work, form is important,and not meaning.They believe that the literary world is different from the real world,and it is not expected to gain knowledge from literary works. According to formalists, literary feats is worth to criticize because of their clear language, syntax, and artistic methods. The poems of Hafez which is a high example of eloquence,the delicacy of the poetic style and sentences, the miracle of speech, and the kinds of ambiguity ,obscurity,symmetry, paradox, and the rules of phonetics, meaning, and even spiritual matters,is one of the suitable texts to criticize according to formalists. In this paper, the writer criticizes a lyric poem of this poet from the view of formalists. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Lyrical Comparison of Bijan and Manijeh in Firdausi’s Shahnameh with Alamas Khan Kandoleei’s Shahnameh
Mostafa RadmardFirdausi’s Shahnameh which is in epical field of universal division point of view, is not bare of lyrical aspects. With no doubt, paying attention to Firdausi’s Shahnameh and at the result, composing epic of kings among different Iranian clans is so importan MoreFirdausi’s Shahnameh which is in epical field of universal division point of view, is not bare of lyrical aspects. With no doubt, paying attention to Firdausi’s Shahnameh and at the result, composing epic of kings among different Iranian clans is so important that they are thinking of recomposing stories of Shahnameh in their own language. Among Kurdish clan, because of their close cultural and lingual attributes to Persian language, the motivation contains a special manifestation. The paper tries to explore Bijan and Manijeh story of Almas Khan Kandoleei’s Kurdish Shahnameh which is an epical sample and an imitation of Firdausi’s Shahnameh. The paper explores it in lyrical view and in two amorous and emotional (apology, vinous, demand and request, plaint, satire and mocking, praise and worship, lament, glory and lampoon) couplet fields. Then, considering cultural parameters of two Persian and Kurdish languages, in addition to frequency of lyrical objects, their common and different aspects will be determined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Lyrical comparison of Bijan and Manijeh in Firdausi’s Shahnameh with Alamas Khan Kandoleei’s Shahnameh
Mostafa Radmard Mir Jalalodin Kazzazi Mohammad Ali Daoodabadi FarahaniFirdausi’s Shahnameh which is in epical field of universal division point of view, is not bare of lyrical aspects. With no doubt, paying attention to Firdausi’s Shahnameh and at the result, composing epic of kings among different Iranian clans is so importan MoreFirdausi’s Shahnameh which is in epical field of universal division point of view, is not bare of lyrical aspects. With no doubt, paying attention to Firdausi’s Shahnameh and at the result, composing epic of kings among different Iranian clans is so important that they are thinking of recomposing stories of Shahnameh in their own language. Among Kurdish clan, because of their close cultural and lingual attributes to Persian language, the motivation contains a special manifestation. The paper tries to explore Bijan and Manijeh story of Almas Khan Kandoleei’s Kurdish Shahnameh which is an epical sample and an imitation of Firdausi’s Shahnameh. The paper explores it in lyrical view and in two amorous and emotional (apology, vinous, demand and request, plaint, satire and mocking, praise and worship, lament, glory and lampoon) couplet fields. Then, considering cultural parameters of two Persian and Kurdish languages, in addition to frequency of lyrical objects, their common and different aspects will be determined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - A Survey on Song Composing in Persian Literature
Mohammad Amin Mohammad poorThe song literally means wisdom and fresh originated from Avestan root “Teoroneh.” This word is a general term referred to the types or forms of poetry and music, especially, quatrains and “fahlaviat”. According to the ancient origins of the son MoreThe song literally means wisdom and fresh originated from Avestan root “Teoroneh.” This word is a general term referred to the types or forms of poetry and music, especially, quatrains and “fahlaviat”. According to the ancient origins of the song, the most ancient Persian poetry is found in this genre. Composed by Zoroaster which is recorded in the "GATT", songs are considered as the first of Iranians literary glimmer. The present study is a descriptive analysis of songs by focusing on the definition of speech, rhymes and features that songwriter applied in the constitution epoch of Iran. This paper reviews music, language and theme which can be found in songs of that period. In the eighth and ninth centuries AH the term ballad was used interchangeably with lyrics and song while it was referred as composing the music. Later, the term song was referred to words in music and singing. Song, of the tenth century onwards, refers to the poem accompanied with music containing prosodic weight and sometimes it has, more or less, rhyme. One of its most striking features of song is its aptitude of being composed. Song has been frequently consistent with prosodic lyrics until Safavid period. Song in its modern form is a reward or product of Constitutional Revolution in Iran. It has a simple and intimate language and its themes are usually popular, folk and emotional. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Yazd’s literature and Art of Traditional Architecture
Mahmoud Sadegh Zade Sedigheh RamazankhaniLyric literature is the oldest form of poetry that singing is following your inner feelings and emotions. Features lyrical poetry, love, anger, fun, sorrow, pride and so is the main element of this kind of literary imagination. The material life of this world and its ly MoreLyric literature is the oldest form of poetry that singing is following your inner feelings and emotions. Features lyrical poetry, love, anger, fun, sorrow, pride and so is the main element of this kind of literary imagination. The material life of this world and its lyrical poet speaks. Meanwhile, one of the aspects of Iranian Identity, monuments and places to live beyond our means is a mason. One of the provinces where its historic architecture both in terms of appearance and functionality focuses inward, outward elements in Yazd province, which its monuments, its spiritual effects, such as beauty, joy, pleasure, pride, feel, experience, imagination etc. have deep ties. About the traditional architecture of the various funds published many books and articles, but less work has focused attention lyric literature in traditional structures. However, the only body makes magnificent monuments that captivates the viewer or themes that are also associated with traditional buildings and the viewer to see and feel every friends Who enjoys and that these themes are in what parts of the building manifesting itself? The journals and raw materials -style library and field collection and analytical way to examine the data presented in several historic buildings, the audience to understand most of the intangible force of monuments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - China in Vamegh and Azra and Khorshid by Salman
Dr. Asieh Zabihnia Emran Comparative literature attempts to discover the cultural relationships among nations and literary evolutions. This literary orientation is effective in establishing peache and friendship among nations. The main objective of this study is to investigate China thro More Comparative literature attempts to discover the cultural relationships among nations and literary evolutions. This literary orientation is effective in establishing peache and friendship among nations. The main objective of this study is to investigate China through a descriptive-analytical approach in lyrical stories of “Jamshid and Khorshid” and “Vamegh and Azra”. In lyrical story of Jamshid and Khorshid (763 AH) the protagonist of this story, i.e. Khorshid is the only child of Chian’s Shapoor and commences on a risky journey in order to reach the moon. At the end of this mytical journey, he reaches the postion of Complete Man. In “Vamegh and Azra” by Lame’ei, Vamegh is the son of Chinese king and normally China is more prominent in this story as compard to Vamegh and Azra by Zahir Kermani. In Zahir’s story, travelling to China and Love is one of the subordinate characters to one of the Chinese beauties which is important and forms the main events of the story. In these four stories, love seeks a higher objective and provides the lover with much bigger and more significant achievements. The final objective in these four lyrical stories is not a narration of a lyrical story, but is a narration of achieving completion, expressing human affects, mental issues and finally creation of literary joy. China had a vast impact on Persian literature and Mystics from old times and in both stories, i.e. “Jamshid and Khorshid” and “Vamegh and Azra”, China is the symbol of land of motifs and beauties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Investigating the themes and mythological events related to the beloved in the lyric poetry of Weiss and Ramin
Paiman niknami Pouran Yousefipour Kermani Fatemeh Ghafouri Mehdiabad Myths are narrative patterns that spread in different ways according to the conditions of the society in different eras; Therefore, in addition to epic and religious texts, its works can also be seen in Ghanaian poems. The poem Weiss and Ramin by Fakhreddin Asad G More Myths are narrative patterns that spread in different ways according to the conditions of the society in different eras; Therefore, in addition to epic and religious texts, its works can also be seen in Ghanaian poems. The poem Weiss and Ramin by Fakhreddin Asad Gorgani is full of mythological elements. In this research, the author tries to investigate the themes and mythological incidents related to the beloved in the descriptive-analytical way and the library tool, considering the features of adaptability, repetition and adding meaning in the process of the story, and to answer the question which of the themes Mythological characters have been able to appear in Weiss and Ramin, related to the beloved? And how have these themes been transformed according to the content and special structure of Weiss and Ramin's system? The results of the research indicate that in the narration and plot of the story of Weiss and Ramin or the pattern of events, there are mythological events and incidents such as ascension, descent, magic, virginity, the test of honor and marriage, and concepts that are connected with mythological beliefs and rituals and in the formation Events have played an effective role; Is mentioned. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Investigating the Functional Levels of Non-Verbal Communication of "Body Language" in 'Orfi Shirazi's Lyrics
Tahereh Moosazadeh Ahagh Safa Taslimi Hassanali Abbaspour esfeden mandana alimi One of the constant and important goals of poets and writers in their verse and prose works is to communicate with the audience as best as possible and convey the meaning and message to them as best and accurately as possible. In this regard, using verbal and non- More One of the constant and important goals of poets and writers in their verse and prose works is to communicate with the audience as best as possible and convey the meaning and message to them as best and accurately as possible. In this regard, using verbal and non-verbal communication has been one of the most common methods in this regard. Non-verbal communication or the use of visual signs has always been an efficient tool for poets to convey themes and concepts hidden in poems. Concepts that main topics are issues such as education, awareness and awakening of people and love (descriptions of the beauty of a lover, separation of a lover, etc.). 'Orfi Shirazi is one of the poets of the early Safavid period, who played an important role in the development of the Indian style of ghazal. The main volume of his divan is sonnets. One of the important indicators of 'Orfi poems is the visual signs (non-verbal communication) hidden in his lyrical themes. For this reason, the present article, using the descriptive analytical method, has attempted to analyze the level of non-verbal communication of "body language" in non-linguistic actions, in 'Orfi Shirazi poems. The hypothesis of the current research is an emphasis on the issue that the body language in the non-verbal communication of 'Orfi Shirazi's lyrical poetry is completely intentional and aimed at attracting the beloved and attracting the audience, as well as rethinking the behavioral patterns of the individual and society, with the aim of irony and symbolism. Among the non-verbal communication processes in 'Orfi Shirazi's poems, gestures and gestures specific to the face, hands, feet, and eyes have the most communicative function and play an important role in conveying concepts and messages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - A look at what the concepts of "Human Dignity", "Social Justice" and "Freedom" mean In Hafez's lyric poems and the UN Declaration of Human Rights
ezzat khalighi Saeid Roozbahani Abolghasem Amirahmadi The concept of Human Rights is respected in all cultures and numerous laws have been enacted in this regard, and it is not necessarily limited to the contemporary era. As literature is a manifestation of culture reflected in the context of society, it reflects exa More The concept of Human Rights is respected in all cultures and numerous laws have been enacted in this regard, and it is not necessarily limited to the contemporary era. As literature is a manifestation of culture reflected in the context of society, it reflects examples of human rights. In the field of Persian literature, Hafez in the mirror of the Divan of Ghazals, while dealing with lyrical, romantic, mystical and ... issues, has also spoken about Human Rights issues. In various verses, he has repeatedly objected to the shortcomings of Human Rights and called on his audience to directly and indirectly adhere to its principles. To achieve this goal, Hafez has made innovations, including the development of Rend's personality. In this study, citing library sources and descriptive-analytical method, the concepts of "Human dignity", "social justice" and "freedom" in Hafez's sonnets (with an approach to Rand actions) and the UN Declaration of Human Rights have been explored. . The results of the research show that Hafez's creation in the Divan of Ghazals was a critical and protest attempt to highlight the deprivations related to Human Rights in Iranian society and to increase the scope of knowledge and insight of the oppressed people. Also, in this way, the "insider / foreigner" dichotomy in the whole political structure of Iranian society is described. Another is that The concepts mentioned in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights have no roots exclusively in the contemporary world and go beyond time and geographical boundaries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Social Romanticism Analysis Based on Shamloo's Poems
nila nourbalin Mahmoud SadeghzadeH Dr. Azizollah Tavakoli Kafi AbadShamloo, the head of the white poetry, is an Iranian writer and translator. Shamloo’s poetry can be analyzed based on various aspects, especially literary schools. Although there have been so many inspections in Shamloo’s poetry on the matter of romantic ele MoreShamloo, the head of the white poetry, is an Iranian writer and translator. Shamloo’s poetry can be analyzed based on various aspects, especially literary schools. Although there have been so many inspections in Shamloo’s poetry on the matter of romantic elements; there has not been any analysis or deliberation in Shamloo’s poetry based on social romanticism. This query quests the most important characteristics of social romanticism; like: humanism, lyricist mentality; also addresses the social theorems, together with the nationalism and symbolist nature in social and political concepts with a descriptive, analytical and quantitative evaluation. The frequency of lyricist mentality, dealing with the social theorems and symbolist nature is continuously reflected in Shamloo’s poetry. Humanism also grabs the attentions in Shamloo’s viewpoints. Shamloo was dedicated to the whole world, so nationalism has no serious place in his poems; because Shamloo never had limited himself to his motherland. All in all, through Shamloo’s romantic poems, 174 poems (about 40/86 percent) can be found in social romantic concept and among these poems, 59 ones (about 33/90 percent) have humanist viewpoints; besides the other 11 ones (6/32 percent) that have nationalist perceptions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - The Jurisprudential Study of Women’s Singing in Islam
Seyyed Mohammad Reza Ayati narges soroushOne of the main issues discussedin the jurisprudence, is the issue of women's voice, on which there are some disagreements among experts (Faqihs.) In this study we have divided this voice to lyrical and non-lyricalforms. The voice of women in non-lyrical form, like givi MoreOne of the main issues discussedin the jurisprudence, is the issue of women's voice, on which there are some disagreements among experts (Faqihs.) In this study we have divided this voice to lyrical and non-lyricalforms. The voice of women in non-lyrical form, like giving a speech has been considered as illegitimate by the earlyfaqihs of Shia Sect. However, the contemporary experts, regarding the Sira (life style/biography) of Imams and Islamic Sira, have interpreted the women’s non-lyrical voice as permitted and allowed. Regarding the lyrical form, the early and first faqihs who considered the lyrical form as unlawful andillegitimate, undoubtedly and evidently interpret the lyrical form as illegitimate, too. But other faqihs who do not have a problem with non-lyrical voice, have disagreements on the lyrical one. Some believe that it is “legitimate” and permitted (through resorting to reasons and documents) and many others interpreted it as “legitimate” and lawful, because the Quran, Sunnah and Ijma know the lyrical sound as inherently and essentially illegitimate. Most of the Sunni faqihs believe in the legitimacyof it. At th Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Love and Affection Motif in Family Relationships in Rumi's Works
Ali Rahmanian Fatemeh Taslim jahromi Ahmad Amiri KhorasaniOne of the important fields of lyrical poetry is its social dimension, one of the dimensions of which is family life. His views on the family are in line with Islamic traditions and traditions. Rumi pays much attention to the status of family and women in marital life, MoreOne of the important fields of lyrical poetry is its social dimension, one of the dimensions of which is family life. His views on the family are in line with Islamic traditions and traditions. Rumi pays much attention to the status of family and women in marital life, children and upbringing, family life, parental rights, and so forth in both the doctrines and the rules and it has promoted the dignity of the family system. In his view, men and women are responsible for meeting each other's emotional needs. Love is the basis of family relationships, although the man is responsible for earning a living and paying attention to the welfare and upbringing of children, and housework, childbearing, and the upbringing and education of children are the responsibility of women. Rumi has also made connections between many family relationships and mystical concepts; For example, for him, marital life can be a symbol of the creation system and the relationship between man and God and the creation and maternal attachment of God. In his view, men and women complement each other. This research is a descriptive-analytic study with regard to the verses and hadiths about women and the family and analyzes the Rumi's theories about the family and its rights. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Analysis of Palm's Place in Lyrical Poetry and Folk Culture of Jahrom
Fatemeh Taslim jahromiLyrical poetry literally means singing, hymn and melody, and the term refers to a poem that expresses the personal feelings and emotions of the poet. In this definition, the poet's birth and environment and his feelings towards it and its manifestations are also include MoreLyrical poetry literally means singing, hymn and melody, and the term refers to a poem that expresses the personal feelings and emotions of the poet. In this definition, the poet's birth and environment and his feelings towards it and its manifestations are also included. Jahrom has been called the "palm forest" in the past that it has been a sign of the mass of palm trees in the city. Palm also plays an important role in people's traditions, customs, beliefs and folk beliefs and it has made this tree and its related matters widely present in the oral and folk lyrical literature of Jahrom and there are also metonymy, proverbs till poems, folk songs and folk and rhythmic short story about this tree in Jahrom. In this way, palms and dates are important manifestations of Jahrom folk lyrical poetry and its analysis helps to know the mental and psychological backgrounds of the people of this city. The most important contexts of the presence of this tree in the local and lyrical literature of Jahrom are in the nostalgic contexts and the expression of separation and sorrow and the situation of the lover and the beloved. This article with field and library reviews with descriptive and analytical study of the plase and importance of this tree in the oral lyrical literature of the people of Jahrom and has provided various examples of it. Manuscript profile -
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90 - The Socio-lyrical integration in Bahar`s Poetry
Roghayeh Rajabi Abdolnader Nazariyani Alireza MozaffariThe constitutional period is a distinct period in Iran’s history, in which all aspects of Iranians lives has transformed and as a result the verse and literature encountered a great change by the change in point of view of poets of this period in comparison to for MoreThe constitutional period is a distinct period in Iran’s history, in which all aspects of Iranians lives has transformed and as a result the verse and literature encountered a great change by the change in point of view of poets of this period in comparison to former poets. In this period everything even the poetry serve the society. The greatest poets of this period are those who were in the middle of the society and the social events and react them; So this periods verse is explicit, clear, and thought governed, however streaks of feeling is accessible in these works but they cannot be classified in lyric poetry but this doesn’t underestimate the emotional aspect and semi-lyrical language of these works. Sometimes, the Constitutional poets try to support their works emotional and logical sides simultaneously; therefor the social matters present with a semi-lyrical language that cause a kind of Socio- lyrical integration in their works; however it’s a slight integration. This kind of socio-lyrical integration is observable in Aref`s, Farrokhi`s, Eshghi`s, Bahar`s, etc poetry with an unequal severity and weakness, Mohammad Taghi Bahar`s poetry as an authority in Persian verse in this respect is worthy to consider and investigate; because in this period no other poet is familiar with Persian classic poetry and in other hand he is the most political poet of constitutional period. Manuscript profile -
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91 - Image and imagery in the lyric poem of Nowrooz and Nowgol
Hafez HatamiImage and imaging is one of the most prominent elements in the field of aesthetics, including the attributes of literary and artistic works. Today, the critical look at literary works from the poient of view of creating new, pure and nugget images is one of the serious MoreImage and imaging is one of the most prominent elements in the field of aesthetics, including the attributes of literary and artistic works. Today, the critical look at literary works from the poient of view of creating new, pure and nugget images is one of the serious issues in traditional linguistic studies, critique and literary theory, especially in the study of formalism and structuralism schools.the purpose of this essay is discuss the types of images of the lyric poem of Nowrooz and Nowgol Arman Rakian , which has just enterd the market. The research is done by descriptive documentation and finally, content analysis and based on the finding. In the course of this research with the introduction of various simple imagery, numerous and extensive and gradually moving away from traditional methods of payment in the form of example of imaginary in the field of science of figurative language, rhetoric and and figures of speech to explore new elements, multi-layerd images types of metaphors in you, combined with myths, archetype narrative and even narrative and description. Manuscript profile -
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92 - Consideration of “Simple yet Complicated to Imitate” Characteristic of Vahshi Bafghi`s Sonnets
maryam mahmoodi roya dehghaniThe sonnet is the best format for expressing a richly polite manner and numerous poets have used it to express their poems. One of these poets is a wild beast. He is one of the greatest poets of the tenth century who stands out among the poets of his era. The wild beast MoreThe sonnet is the best format for expressing a richly polite manner and numerous poets have used it to express their poems. One of these poets is a wild beast. He is one of the greatest poets of the tenth century who stands out among the poets of his era. The wild beast has practiced all forms of poetry, but his fame is mostly due to his burning and quivering sonnets. One of the reasons that made his sonnets outstanding is their easy to abstain. In this research, it is attempted to study the descriptive-analytic method of his sonnets in terms of ease and abstinence. This study shows that the use of spoken language, grammar, simplicity, and vocabulary, and avoidance of industrialization have made it difficult to derive wild The sonnet is the best format for expressing a richly polite manner and numerous poets have used it to express their poems. One of these poets is a wild beast. He is one of the greatest poets of the tenth Manuscript profile -
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93 - Love in the Bible with an emphasis on the views of Joseph Murphy and Ibn Arabi
mohammad Ali vosooghian najafabadi Mohammad Amiri aTAMAHAMMAD rADMANESHWe must look for the root of an important part of the lyrical literature of the Middle East in the heavenly books of the Old Testament and the New Testament. From the point of view of these books, God and love are equal and love has spread in every part of the universe. MoreWe must look for the root of an important part of the lyrical literature of the Middle East in the heavenly books of the Old Testament and the New Testament. From the point of view of these books, God and love are equal and love has spread in every part of the universe. In the early Islamic texts, love has existed in a balanced way as a two-way relationship between God and the servant. But the experience of love with such concentration which is initiated by God is taken from the Bible. It seems that by translating Greek texts into Arabic, He entered Arabic texts and consequently Persian. Ibn Arabi is one of the most influential Greek thinkers. It seems that his love is influenced by the ideas of ancient Greece. After the sixth century, the experience of love goes beyond even the Torah and the Bible in concentration and in Rumi's words, it turns into dangerous love. Ibn Arabi's influence does not mean he is fascinated and affectionate, rather, it is only to consider these ideas along with hundreds of other ideas. What is presented in this article has nothing to do with Asin Palacios's view of Ibn Arabi. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Prayer in Sahifa Sajjadieh
Leila Moradi Seyed Mohammad AmiriConversation with an unseen force, which had long been of interest to the primitive man, became lawful with the Abrahamic religions and became a form of prayer. Prayer with God is one of the most valuable and important things in Islam, and has received a lot of attentio MoreConversation with an unseen force, which had long been of interest to the primitive man, became lawful with the Abrahamic religions and became a form of prayer. Prayer with God is one of the most valuable and important things in Islam, and has received a lot of attention in the texts related to the teachings of the Shari'a and the Sufi texts. One of the most important religious books in which, in addition to religious teachings, mystical and literary issues are discussed is the book of Sahifa Sajjadieh by Imam Sajjad (AS). This analytical-descriptive article examines the place of prayer in Sahifa Sajjadieh's book. The main axes of research are repentance, patience, gratitude, hope, holy fear, voluntary poverty, abnegation, dependence on God, love and unity of God. The results of the research show that Imam Sajjad (AS), who was full of feelings and emotions in the text of Sahifa Sajjadieh's book, paid more attention to approaches based on love and even considered love to be higher than kindness and believed that kindness is the prerequisite of attaining love. Imam (AS) also considers kindness to one’s self as the first stage of love, as the exact same prayers, functions, and supplications that exist in his prayers are realizations of love of self. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - review of Rumi's modification in Masnavi lyrical stories with three different.
razie jannesare مهدی نوریان hossein masjedi mahboubeh khorasaniThere is no doubt, Mowlana's poetry beholden of mystical and wisdom texts. However, the answer, to this question, why Masnavi is one of the exquisite masterpieces of Persian Literature, has long considered the mind of researcher's in this area. The genius of Mowlana's t MoreThere is no doubt, Mowlana's poetry beholden of mystical and wisdom texts. However, the answer, to this question, why Masnavi is one of the exquisite masterpieces of Persian Literature, has long considered the mind of researcher's in this area. The genius of Mowlana's tale "is one of the reasons for this effect." Probably no poet like Mowlana hasn't taken modification of story, he sometimes writes a story with brevity and he sometimes writes a story redundance, the answer to this question, why Mowlana, on the structure of stories break down on the basis of it. Is one of the main objectives of this article in paper, the authors analyzed four stories and remark Mowlana's Modification in story of anecdotes with three different approaches, the result has been obtained that brevity and redundance in story conscious and specific goals. Mowlana is thinking in fiction and writes the story. The stories are accurate and no element of it can be omitted. It is finally observed that all anacdotes are inextricably inter twined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Investigating and Analyzing the Lyric Components of the Poetry System by Shamsuddin Mohammad Kowsaj
Reza JaliliOne of the most important epic works in Persian is Shamsuddin Mohammad Kowsaj's dictionary. In this poem, the poet describes events related to Borzoo's son Sohrab and his entourage. Although dominant in the epic newsletter, the reflection of the emotional traits associa MoreOne of the most important epic works in Persian is Shamsuddin Mohammad Kowsaj's dictionary. In this poem, the poet describes events related to Borzoo's son Sohrab and his entourage. Although dominant in the epic newsletter, the reflection of the emotional traits associated with a rich literature is clearly seen. Therefore, in the present paper, the most important components of the Lyric of the vocabulary are investigated by reference to the library resources and the descriptive-analytical method. The research results show that Kowsaj uses themes such as: praise, humor, blasphemy, romantic bonds, descriptions, worldliness, grief and prayer, prayer and demand, personal expression, swearing and mockery, while creating an Epic- Lyric work has elaborated on the intricacies of the characters in the story and given a special dynamical narrative flow. Also, the inherent violence of the epic texts seems to have been mildly tempered by the use of rich components and has been significantly reduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - Investigation of Grievance in Abolqasim Lahouti’s Divan
Akbar Akrami Mahmood Sadeghzadeh Hadi HeydariniyaShekvaieh )Grievance( is one of the subjects of Persian rich poetry that is written in short, medium and long formats, especially in rhymes and sonnets. Many poets have used this literary genre and have spoken of personal or social sufferings. Abolghasem Lahouti is one MoreShekvaieh )Grievance( is one of the subjects of Persian rich poetry that is written in short, medium and long formats, especially in rhymes and sonnets. Many poets have used this literary genre and have spoken of personal or social sufferings. Abolghasem Lahouti is one of the poets of the political and labor literature and a protester in the Constitutional era who has used this poetic method to support the lower classes of society and to criticize tyrant and incompetent rulers. Lahouti's Grievance reflects both the social and political conditions of the constitutional era and his party and political perspective. This article deals with the poetic forms, methods and subjects of Lahoutian scholars by descriptive, analytical and documentary methods. Based on his socialist and political ideas and goals, defended the interests of workers, farmers, the afflicted and the disadvantaged of the various social classes, and strongly criticized domestic tyrants, oppressors, the rich classes, the exploiters, the demons, the religionists, the superstitious beliefs, demagogue and public ignorance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Analysis of Love in Lyrical and Epic Literature based on Ferdowsi Shahnameh and Rostavoli Knight in the Panther Skin
Ayda Hayatimehr Fereydoun TahmasbiThe manifestation of love in epic works has caused an inseparable and pleasant connection between epic and Lyric. Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and Rustavi's Leopard Cloth are among the works in which epic and richness are intertwined. "Love" has a high place in these two works. MoreThe manifestation of love in epic works has caused an inseparable and pleasant connection between epic and Lyric. Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and Rustavi's Leopard Cloth are among the works in which epic and richness are intertwined. "Love" has a high place in these two works. In the Knight In The Panther Skin , love and romance topics have a high frequency and the story revolves around love and epic. In such a way that sometimes the story begins with love, or continues with love, or ends with love. In Shahnameh, there is a story of love, a love that can be seen in the service of epic. This article examines the characteristics of love and epic in these two larger works of literature of the two great nations of Iran and Georgia by describing and using library resources. The purpose of this study is to show that a literary work is a good platform for raising various issues that lead to a variety of topics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - The Stylistic Comparison of Satire in Sanaei, Jamal-Din Abdul Razzaq and Anvari’s Poetry
Heshmatollah Ansari Mariam Jafari Gholamabbas ZakeriOne of the types of lyrical literature that has a high frequency in most works of Persian poets is "satire". Examining the stylistic features of this literary genre can play an important role in entering the world of poets' minds and recognizing their thoughts, emotions MoreOne of the types of lyrical literature that has a high frequency in most works of Persian poets is "satire". Examining the stylistic features of this literary genre can play an important role in entering the world of poets' minds and recognizing their thoughts, emotions and approaches. In this article, we have tried to examine the satires of Sanaie, Anvari and Jamal al-Din, who are all three famous poets of the 12th century and Saljuqi style, in three areas of language, literature and thought, based on social and cultural themes. In this research, selected methods of using prosodic weights, imaginary forms, poetic forms, ideology and words; Includes: the use of animal letters in satire, the use of minor construction, hidden and overt satires, the use of taboo words and also the use of Quranic verses in satire, hidden and overt satires, personal and social in the poems of these three poets. The results show that Jamal al-Din's language is more chaste in satire than Sanaie and Anvari; But Sanaie and Anvari's satires in compare of Jamal al-Din have a sharp, biting and insulting language. Using their poetic art and their surroundings on the situation of the society of their time, these three poets have portrayed many of the corruptions and social anomalies of the era. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Effects of lyrical literature in single verses of Indian style
Nafise Nasiri Alireza Fouladi Morteza RashidiThe unique content creation and all-embracing imagination of Indian-style poets have created a variety of thematic contexts in their works, and these thematic contexts have been reflected in the mirror of their poems in different ways. That era’s political, social MoreThe unique content creation and all-embracing imagination of Indian-style poets have created a variety of thematic contexts in their works, and these thematic contexts have been reflected in the mirror of their poems in different ways. That era’s political, social, cultural, and even religious structures, broadened the poets’ horizons and led the personal feelings, and inner emotions of poets with heartwarming thoughts to be reflected in different subjects in poems of this era and a collection of different lyrical literature emerged in their works. On the other hand, single-couplet is a form of stating these subjects. The poets’ books during this era are the most extensive collections in which ethical, spiritual, love-making, religious, teaching, and social issues with novel and new content show off in a short form of single-couplets and generally, the frequency of lyrical literature is more significant in this form compared to different literary forms. This article has addressed the lyrical aspect of Indian-style’s single-couplets and the variety of lyrical contents and has studied variables such as love, mysticism, pomposity, grievance, threnody, humor, patriotism, mystery, etc. in the poems of this era. The present research results show that virtual love, mysticism terminology, pomposity, and patriotism have the most frequency. The present research method is based on description and analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - The Survey and Analysis of Motif and Theme in Iranian Local Romantic Songs
Gholamreza Sotoodeh Aliasghar Babasafari Mohammadamin MohammadpourSong is a general term that refers to a variety of melodic or accompanying forms of poetry, especially Fahlaviyat, quatrains, Rubaiat, and Tasnif. Local poetry contains some types like Garayeli in Azarbaijan, Goorani in Kordestan and Kermanshah, Sharbeh in South, Sharaf MoreSong is a general term that refers to a variety of melodic or accompanying forms of poetry, especially Fahlaviyat, quatrains, Rubaiat, and Tasnif. Local poetry contains some types like Garayeli in Azarbaijan, Goorani in Kordestan and Kermanshah, Sharbeh in South, Sharafshahi in Gilan, Sekheshti in Qoochan and Deyhoo in Bashagard which in this paper some samples of them are presented. In this article, the themes of love songs have been studied and classified in a descriptive-analytical research method. The statistical society is also scattered books of native songs and recorded works of music of Iranian singers. The language of the native songs is simple and slang and since they are related to the work and effort of simple people, they pay less attention to images. Most of these songs are accompanied by musical instruments. The conclusions show that the songwriters bring a variety of themes, such as complaining about getting away of sweet heart, the difficulty of the path of love, the opposition of the elders in the union of two beloveds, Kissing, loyalty, describing the beauty of the beloved, seeking attention and wishing to join, seek to show the themes of "presence next to beloved" with the sub-layers of desire or its permanence and "complaining of separation and embarrassment" with the sub-layers of desire or its permanence and "complaining of separation and embarrassment" with the sub-layers of fear of it happening and praying for its elimination. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - The First Knowledge of the Folk Songs’ Rhythm in the Works of Farabi and Avicenna
mohammadamin mohammadpour Ali Asghar Babasafari Gholamreza SotodehIn the contemporary period, many scholars have recognized the rhythm of folk songs. The rhythm of Persian folk songs is temporal and temporal rhythm, so that the metrical accents are placed on long or heavy syllables, and these weights are divided into two categories: l MoreIn the contemporary period, many scholars have recognized the rhythm of folk songs. The rhythm of Persian folk songs is temporal and temporal rhythm, so that the metrical accents are placed on long or heavy syllables, and these weights are divided into two categories: linguistic rhythm (vocal) and temporal rhythm. Linguistic rhythm is mostly based on the characteristics of the chained language of the tongue, such as leaning, stretching, and melody. Multiplication and rhythm support and the like are also used. This research seeks to answer the question whether before the results of recent research, in the works of Farabi and Avicenna, the principles of rhythm have been mentioned as modern achievements? Therefore, we have explored the topic of discussion by describing and analyzing the form and content, and various sources have been studied. Farabi and Avicenna are also the first scholars in the field of folk song rhythm to describe the rhythm of folk songs by using the terms of their period about rhythm. Farabi also gains the rhythm of poetry by comparing it with rhythms in music. Avicenna considers poetry to be a word composed of letters that includes everything that can be heard through sound, even movements. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - The Explaining of Grief in the Fayez Dashti, Mohammad Khan Dashti and the Maftoon Bordkhuni's Sharves
Heydar Hajian Maryam Parhizkari Seyed Mahmood Seyed SadeghiLyrical literature is the delicate expression of the poet's personal feelings and emotions and pays attention to sufferings, reluctance, love, friendship and everything that affects the human soul. What distinguishes this type of literature from others is the dominance MoreLyrical literature is the delicate expression of the poet's personal feelings and emotions and pays attention to sufferings, reluctance, love, friendship and everything that affects the human soul. What distinguishes this type of literature from others is the dominance of the element of feeling and emotion over other elements of poetry. The more subtle the poet's feelings and the deeper his emotions, the more penetrating and pleasing his speech will be. Lyrical literature has a more prominent poetic character than other types and is considered to be the most imaginative, purest and oldest type of literature. In this research, descriptive-analytical method and library tools have been studied on the components of lyrical literature in the emotional poems of Fayez Dashti, Mohammad Khan Dashti and the Maftoon Bordkhuni. The purpose of this research is to study and compare these components in the poems of these three poets and what are the similarities and differences between the mentioned poets in the application of such concepts? And the depth of sorrow in the words of which of these poets has the most crystallization? The result of this comparison and adaptation is that all three poets have dealt with this issue equally and there are differences in the way of expressing and using poetic images and images. The difference between the three poets' view of processing the case is in the use of images that carry the text with them. Fayez and Maftoon have mostly used the metaphorical array to convey the idea and concept of grief, and Mohammad Khan has used other literary arrays such as recognition to convey such emotion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Genealogy and Analysis of Pre-Islamic Lyrical Prose Stories
Mir jalil Akrami Rashid Asadi ValilooThe Genre of lyric in Persian literature both in prose and in poetry is more comprehensive than the other types. Unfortunately, most scholars' research in this area, both pre-Islamic and post-Islamic, focuses on poetry and less on prose. Due to this negligence, this res MoreThe Genre of lyric in Persian literature both in prose and in poetry is more comprehensive than the other types. Unfortunately, most scholars' research in this area, both pre-Islamic and post-Islamic, focuses on poetry and less on prose. Due to this negligence, this research tries to show what is the reason of being unknown for some of these stories by introducing and analyzing four of these stories tries to show how did these texts survive in the post-Islamic era? Some of these stories, although they were verbally prevalent among the people, but were not written in pre-Islamic Persian languages, and only a few of them came to the next era, but the Greeks have brought them in their works. Some although were recorded in the Greek works, but the oral tradition, retained them and brought them to the next era with some changes. The story of Golnar and Ardeshir which is included in the book of Ardeshir Babakan in Pahlavi language, was later directly a reference for Ferdowsi to make it a poem. But Hezarafsan tales have gone a long way and it was important for the non-Persians rather than Persians. Arabs translated it into One Thousands and One Nights alf-Lailat and Laila with some changes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - The Description and Image of beloved’s Face in “The Youth” by Bizhan Elahi
Hadi Tayteh Mahsa ImaniberenjabadBizhan Elahi is one of the poets of ‘other poems’ who has paid attention to the aesthetic layer and the rhetorical elements in the collection of ‘Youths’ despite the lyrical language and attention to the element of emotion. In Youths, this entang MoreBizhan Elahi is one of the poets of ‘other poems’ who has paid attention to the aesthetic layer and the rhetorical elements in the collection of ‘Youths’ despite the lyrical language and attention to the element of emotion. In Youths, this entanglement of the two elements of emotion and rhetoric has also spread to the description of the beloved's face and his features and states. The face of the beloved in Bizhan Elahi's Youth is sensual and the kind of love is bodily in his poems. Elahi uses lyrical language in a type of white poetry that is closest to the nature of prose. In this research, the beloved face is described and analyzed, including the eyes, the skin of the beloved’s face, forehead and eyelids, the body and heart of the beloved, and the characteristics, actions and reactions, moods and behaviors of the beloved, including endearment, the mutual love of the lover and the beloved, and how these states get expressed in lyrical and literary language are examined and analyzed. As well, the similarity of the beloved to other phenomena and rhetorical images related to the face, body and characteristics of the beloved are analyzed and described. The aesthetic aspect of the beloved's face, the type of behavior, actions and reactions and the characteristics of the beloved become more and more obvious. In this research, in a descriptive-analytical method, while expressing the poet's descriptions of the beloved, we express the aesthetic layers and rhetorical elements resulting from these descriptions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - Investigation and Analysis of Different Complaint Genre in Nizami Ganjavi Works
Parvaneh Safa Enayatollah Sharifpour Maryam JafariA Complaint is one of the genres of lyrical literature that is the main purpose of the current study. This literary genre in the term is a poem that expresses the personal pains, sufferings, and troubles of the poet. In this article, to influence the social situation on MoreA Complaint is one of the genres of lyrical literature that is the main purpose of the current study. This literary genre in the term is a poem that expresses the personal pains, sufferings, and troubles of the poet. In this article, to influence the social situation on the formation of literary genres in a particular period and use the method of content analysis and the use of library resources, various complaints of Nizami works are extracted and analyzed. This kind of lyrical literature can be seen in the works of poets from the beginning of the formation of Persian poetry; But the political developments and instability of Iran in the fifth and 12th centuries, caused the poetry of Complaint to be used more frequently in the works of poets of this period, including Hakim Nizami. It is worth mentioning that the contentment of anticipation and non-dependence on the court did not prevent the poet of Ganjeh land from praising her sufferings as the eloquent language of the people of her time. The complaints used in the works of the poet Ganjeh land are divided into five categories in terms of content: personal, social, political, philosophical, and mystical complaints, in which personal complaints are more frequent than other complaints. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - Complaint in Parviz Natel Khanlari’s “Moon in Marsh" Poetry Collection
Batoul Azizi Jirabadi Narges Asghari Ghovar Ali RamazaniThe study of lyrical literature types and their usage in the poems of contemporary poets can help us for understanding novel concepts in poets’ notions and poetries. One of the genres of this category is “complaint”. A great number of themes of the Per MoreThe study of lyrical literature types and their usage in the poems of contemporary poets can help us for understanding novel concepts in poets’ notions and poetries. One of the genres of this category is “complaint”. A great number of themes of the Persian poetries consist of the expression of personal pains and sufferings; human beings can experience sadness and sorrow as well as all other feelings like happiness. Since poets are highly sensitive people, they have been affected the most by this issue and scrutinized it. Although complaints have been used in all the periods of Persian poetry, in contemporary poetry because of political and social issues and the emergence of Nimai modern poetry, poets’ perspectives about them are different. The main purpose of the present study was to examine complaints used in an anthology of poems named “Mah dar mordab” (Moon in Marsh) written by Parviz Khanlari. Although the results of the study indicated that a large portion of the poet’s complaints were personal complaints, there are also cases of other types of complaints in his poems including social sufferings, objection to anti-values, dissatisfaction with life, political repression, and absence of freedom. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Assessment and Analysis of Lyrical Contents in Khales’s Poetry
Jihad.rashid@su.edu.krd Shukri RashidLyric literature is one of the literary genres that have a high position with different shapes in Kurdish literature. Khales is a famous Kurdish poet who wrote great Persian poems. His poems are full of analytical notions from literary and linguistics views which are ti MoreLyric literature is one of the literary genres that have a high position with different shapes in Kurdish literature. Khales is a famous Kurdish poet who wrote great Persian poems. His poems are full of analytical notions from literary and linguistics views which are till now have not been given that importance. The purpose of this paper is to revise, analyze and introduce the core of this kind of poem (the lyric poem core) of Khales. The writer of this research attempts to show in an analytical-descriptive method depending on a librarian procedure that Khales’s poems were an immense chain of lyric poems that included in its core his soft and romantic feelings in a way that he dealt with any kind of humans feeling in this soft effective way. As in Diwan of Khales, most lyrical themes and concepts such as love, mysticism, description, praise, lamentation, debate, satire, and boasting can be observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - Analysis of the short story "Sabr kon Allah Ti Ti" by Qasim Kashkoli with the theory of "Eileen Baldeshwiler"
zahra eshaghi sakineh garivani ahmad foroozanfarPoetic or lyrical short story is considered as one of the types of postmodern story, so; Eileen Baldschweiler's theory of the mentality and the inner world of the characters is narrated with a direct and direct image and with a lyrical language, and it shows the mental MorePoetic or lyrical short story is considered as one of the types of postmodern story, so; Eileen Baldschweiler's theory of the mentality and the inner world of the characters is narrated with a direct and direct image and with a lyrical language, and it shows the mental states and ups and downs of the feelings and emotions of the main character about a specific issue. The purpose of thisim Kashkoli, based on Eileen Baldeshwiler's theory. The present research has been collected by descriptive-analytical method and by referring to the library and gathering information. The results of the research indicate that the author has made the emotional emotions and the inner world of the main character bolder with the method of expressing external events, and in this way expresses different associations. Concise and lyrical language is one of the author's skills in writing this story. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - Edit the text of the translation Introduction Description and analysis of the system of Dolarani and Khezr Khan based on the corrected text of 1917 Rashid Ahmad Ansari
Maryam Kargar Mandana MangeliAmir Khosrow Dehlavi is one of the famous Persian mystics and poets of India, in the second half of the seventh century and the early eighth century AH. He was a disciple of the saints (d. 725 AH) and the education he received from him gave him a special position in the MoreAmir Khosrow Dehlavi is one of the famous Persian mystics and poets of India, in the second half of the seventh century and the early eighth century AH. He was a disciple of the saints (d. 725 AH) and the education he received from him gave him a special position in the field of Sufism. The lyrical, literary and historical poem Dolarani and Khezr Khan ُ is one of his Masnavi which contains 4519 verses. This Masnavi to Bahr-e-Hajj is the culprit or omitted in the true story of the love of Khidr Khan, the son of Ala 'al-Din Muhammad Shah Shah Khalaji with "Diwaldi", the daughter of Rajah Gujarat. Amir Khosrow first wrote this story in Persian prose and then arranged it in 715 AH by the order of the Sultan. The lyrical poems of Dolarani and Khezr Khan Amir Khosrow have been compiled with a mystical approach and the theological and mystical teachings are quite obvious in his poems. The lyrical system of Dolarani and Khezr Khan in 1988. Published in Delhi Literature Department. Also, its Persian text was published in 1336 in Mumbai with an introduction and footnotes in Urdu. In 1917, Rashid Ahmad Ansari corrected the system of Dolarani and Khezr Khan and published it in Delhi with the introduction of the army. Manuscript profile -
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111 - Introduction and analysis of the unknown system of Mavadat nameh
mahdieh valiMasnavi Mudat-nameh is one of the narrative stories written by a poet named Mir Muhammad Ismail bin Yusuf Abjadi, one of the 11th century Persian poets of India, in response to Khosrow and Shirin Nizami. This masnavi has never achieved the military Khumsah; However, the MoreMasnavi Mudat-nameh is one of the narrative stories written by a poet named Mir Muhammad Ismail bin Yusuf Abjadi, one of the 11th century Persian poets of India, in response to Khosrow and Shirin Nizami. This masnavi has never achieved the military Khumsah; However, the simplicity of the language, the fluency of the words, the attention to the meaning and theme, the use of literary arrays in moderation and the proper structure and texture of the words, have made the Masnavi of Maudt-nameh easy and understandable for the audience. Examining the unique manuscript of the work showed that the composer, in addition to paying attention to the appearance of the words, was not oblivious to the meaning and theme, and considered both verbal and meaningful aspects; Therefore, his poem is not one-dimensional and has linguistic, literary, semantic, etc. value. Since this system has remained unknown until now, the author decided to investigate and analyze the content and style of the work while introducing this work in this article. Manuscript profile -
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112 - Technics, Causes and Motivations of the Use of Didactic Themes in the lyrical (emotional) Poems Based on the narrative poem of Niaz and Naz
Ahmad Reza YalamehaOne of the broadest and most popular genres of Persian literature is didactic poetry. Didactic poems and works of art are sometimes a completely separate and independent work, such as poems and works that are exclusively devoted to teaching, wisdom, and ethics, and some MoreOne of the broadest and most popular genres of Persian literature is didactic poetry. Didactic poems and works of art are sometimes a completely separate and independent work, such as poems and works that are exclusively devoted to teaching, wisdom, and ethics, and sometimes also dispersed among other literary works. As in a number of cases, moral concepts, verdicts, religions, and beliefs have been used in enormous or even epic or modest poetry, which not only does not diminish the poetic aspect of such works but with passion and a special feeling attracts the attraction of such works. One of the works that are made up of didactic teachings is the unknown Naz and Niaz. This poem, which is one of the exquisite works belonging to the eleventh century AH and is one of the precious love poems of the Persian, has not yet been adorned with embellishment, and the only remaining version of that edition is numbered 483 at the UCLA Library of the University Los Angeles where it is preserved. In this narrative love poem, there are abundant didactic and wisdom meanings and concepts that the poet has used it in the context of passive and sensual ground using such techniques as persuasion, indignation, persuasion, etc. This can be a sign of good intention concerning poet's attempt to reasoning the word is based on rational and artistic logic. The author of this study is to introduce the glossary of this work, therefore, how to reflect the content of the teaching in this rich narrative love poem. Manuscript profile -
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113 - Overt love and covert mysticism in Hafez poetry
jafar HamidiHafez is the composer of love and mysticism in the Persian poetry. In the Persian literature especially in poetry we see so many verses about love and mysticism. Therefore there is no need to discuss about them anymore. However, in Hafez poems the composition of love an MoreHafez is the composer of love and mysticism in the Persian poetry. In the Persian literature especially in poetry we see so many verses about love and mysticism. Therefore there is no need to discuss about them anymore. However, in Hafez poems the composition of love and mysticism is so creative that there is still need for discussing about them. Among Hafez poetry, there is some love poetry. In this article a lot of mystical poetry and the rest of them is a combination of love and mystical poetry. In this article the love and mystical poetry of Hafez has been identified; however, the exact distinction is not decisive. Manuscript profile -
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114 - Advices of wise persons won’t ever stop me loving you (Not accepting advice by lovers)
hossein Aghahosseini hashem BagherzadehLove is a phenomenon which associates with spiritual manner, self-experience and interpretation. The description of love and the manner of love and beloved in literature is much expanded and very special. The high frequency about love in literature and in the national l MoreLove is a phenomenon which associates with spiritual manner, self-experience and interpretation. The description of love and the manner of love and beloved in literature is much expanded and very special. The high frequency about love in literature and in the national literatures proves and shows it. In the Iranian literature we can observe the variety of love ether Gnosticism love of human beings to God or vice versa. It is the most beautiful and so bright of human's thoughts. Lyric and love poems is very important. One of the most characteristics is lovers' not accepting advice .In this paper we notice and pay attention to the reasons of not accepting advice by lovers. Furthermore, we notice the variety of advisers and kinds of advices. Manuscript profile -
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115 - The Causes and Intentions behind Didactic Approach in Lyrical Poem Book Hasht Behesht by Amir Khosrow Dehlavi
Ahmad Reza Yalameha آسیه ذبیح نیا عمرانMost of the themes of Persian stories consist of ethical advices. The mystical and ethically-oriented poets were attempting to provide the didactic concepts covered through stories and this was mainly due to the attraction and effectiveness of stories in delivering the MoreMost of the themes of Persian stories consist of ethical advices. The mystical and ethically-oriented poets were attempting to provide the didactic concepts covered through stories and this was mainly due to the attraction and effectiveness of stories in delivering the messages. Amir Khosrow Dehlavi is one of the famous Persian mystics in the second half of 7th and early 8th Century AH. “Hasht-Behesht” or eight evens is a lyrical and love story which has been narrated through poetry and using a didactic and simple language comparable with “Haft Peykar” by the great poet “Nezami Ganjei”. Amir khosrow has been following a more elevated objective rather than narrating a love story in writing this work of art and he would mention didactic and ethical concepts whenever possible. The emphasis made by Amir Khosrow in Hasht Behesht was upon social ethics and he has been always advising good behavior and ethics. This work encourages human to avoid behaviors such as disloyalty, avarice and other evil descriptions. The main objective behind this paper is to investigate didactic themes and the objective behind their use in Hasht Behesht. Since this work of art has a variety of didactic concepts, the authors attempt to clarify these didactic concepts and interpret them. Therefore, the main objective of this study investigate the hidden didactic themes in this work of art and the main reason behind their application. Manuscript profile -
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116 - .The position of news and composition in transmission of educational ideas in Nizami’s "Khosrow and Shirin"
SeyedeMaryam Rozatiyan Farzane Amirpour Hosein AghahoseiniHakim Nezami is one the greatest poets of Persian literature that has paid attention to didactic thoughts in his works. In the most lyrical work; namely, Khosrow and Shirin he has frequently referred to moral and educational issues. Therefore, he has benefited from the MoreHakim Nezami is one the greatest poets of Persian literature that has paid attention to didactic thoughts in his works. In the most lyrical work; namely, Khosrow and Shirin he has frequently referred to moral and educational issues. Therefore, he has benefited from the means of rhetoric devices especially semantics effectively. This great poet by use of rhetoric devices and its appropriate tools like declarative, imperative, and interrogative sentences in an effective way has managed to convey moral concepts and teach them to his readers. Furthermore, in this way the role of readers become more dominant in the texts. The present paper tries to investigate this subject and its effect on conveying educational thoughts of poet in a lyrical text. Manuscript profile -
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117 - A Study on three lytics of Sanaee based on Formalistic criticism with emphasis on Grammont and Jakobson opinions
Mahmoud Bashiri tahereh khagehgiriFormalistic criticism is an approach which was in progress in Russia in 1915 – 1930. This field of literary criticism study literature from the point of view of linguistics . In this approach , a literary work is considered to be a linguistical subject . The from MoreFormalistic criticism is an approach which was in progress in Russia in 1915 – 1930. This field of literary criticism study literature from the point of view of linguistics . In this approach , a literary work is considered to be a linguistical subject . The from and shape of literary work is the base for aesthetic analysis and the only way for reaching to the hidden meanings . Some theorists of this approach are Roman Jakobson Boris Aknolem and Victor skolofsky . They were association members of linguistics at that time . The purpose of this research is to study three lyrics of Sanaee based on this approach with emphasis on Grammont and Jakobson opinions. The results show that by using a forma listic approach the hidden meanings of a literary work is accessible without knowing the structure of the society, historical issues or even the psycholigical charater of the writer. Manuscript profile -
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118 - The Causes and Motives of Using Didactic Themes in Nazari Qehestani's Lyric Cycle Azhar and Mazhar
Yousef Safian Boldaji Ahmadreza Yalamha Atamohammad RadmaneshDidactic literature is one of the main genres of Persian literary poetry which deals with ethics, advices, and sermons. However, Didactic themes could also be found in other literary genres such as lyric cycles. Azar and Mozar, written in the seventh century, is one of MoreDidactic literature is one of the main genres of Persian literary poetry which deals with ethics, advices, and sermons. However, Didactic themes could also be found in other literary genres such as lyric cycles. Azar and Mozar, written in the seventh century, is one of these lyric cycles in which a great deal of various didactic themes could be viewed. Saad al-Din Nizari Ghohestani is one of the poets who expressed various didactic concepts in different ways. The poet attempted to apply moral and ethical concepts by using literary techniques such as hinting, evangelizing, warning, reasoning, and glorifying in order to persuade the audience. The purpose of this research is to investigate why such didactic themes are reflected in this lyric cycle, to specify the methods the poet applied to persuade the audience, and to illustrate the literary techniques the poet used for illustrating each ethical concept as well. Manuscript profile -
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119 - A comparative study of didactic poetry of Firdausi and Hafiz
ahmadreza yalamehaThe main aim of a poet in composing didactic poetry is to teach philosophy and ethics and to explain and specify religious, educational, philosophical, instructive issues and thoughts. Expressing philosophical and ethical doctrines in Persian poetry started in the fourt MoreThe main aim of a poet in composing didactic poetry is to teach philosophy and ethics and to explain and specify religious, educational, philosophical, instructive issues and thoughts. Expressing philosophical and ethical doctrines in Persian poetry started in the fourth century and gradually manifested itself in the most of poetic style. Didactic poetry either appeared separately and independently just like long poems and stories that exclusively pay attention to didactic doctrines or are scattered in other literary works. Firdausi's Shah Name and Hafiz's Divan are among literary works which contain instructive contents at highest level. These two literary works contain epical and lyrical aspects that were considered from long times ago as manifesto of living for both the elite and common people. The point on which this research paper is based on is the tone of expressing ethical contents and the philosophical and instructive thoughts of these two poets. One of the poets had chosen a detailed approach and the other one a brief approach. The words of one poet are explicit and clear and the other one is mysterious and satirical. Therefore, this paper tries to study and represent different ways of expressing didactic ideas by these two poets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - Structural analysis of ten letters of Emad Faqih Kermani according to the structure of "Ra"
foruzandeh Edalat kashi Mahbubeh MobasheriTen letters is a literary genre in which the beloved and the beloved discuss their favorite topics in ten letters. The format of this type of literature is Masnavi. It begins in the fifth century with lyrical literature and the subject of love and culminates in the eigh MoreTen letters is a literary genre in which the beloved and the beloved discuss their favorite topics in ten letters. The format of this type of literature is Masnavi. It begins in the fifth century with lyrical literature and the subject of love and culminates in the eighth century in mystical literature. The Ten Letters of Emad Faqih Kermani, the mystic poet of the eighth century, is a collection of poetic letters, written in different forms. Letters that he wrote on different days for the people or sultans of the time and the lovers of time and at the end of his life he provided them in a collection and chose the title "Ten Letters" for it.This research aims to provide a descriptive-analytical method first about Emad Faqih Kermani and the ten letters and then to answer the question that the structure of "Ra" in the ten letters of Emad Faqih Kermani with what meanings and how many to Has it been employed? And considering this frequency, what is the structural style of Emad's ten letters? In the end, it is concluded that: out of 657 bits in ten letters, 45 bits have a "ra" structure. 12 cases are used as "objective signs", 23 cases mean "for", 9 cases mean "extra fraction" and 1 case means "to".6.85%, a very small amount, the structure "ra" in ten letters, shows that in the eighth century the use of this structure was low. this is one of the stylistic features of Emad Faqih Kermani's ten letters. Manuscript profile -
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121 - The Presence of Mesopotamian and Indian Myths in Khajuye Kermani's Gol o Nowruz
Samāneh Abbāsi Seidhasan Tabātabāee Esmat EsmāiliKhajuye Kermani, one of the great poets of the 8th century AH, has composed Gol o Nowruz at the request of a beloved and has dedicated it to his noble patron. According to him, the story is originally in Hindi and has been compiled by Babylonian storytellers. Although i MoreKhajuye Kermani, one of the great poets of the 8th century AH, has composed Gol o Nowruz at the request of a beloved and has dedicated it to his noble patron. According to him, the story is originally in Hindi and has been compiled by Babylonian storytellers. Although it has many similarities to Nizami Ganjavi's Khosrow and Shirin, it is a unique work because of having some love sub-stories, a lot of figures of speech and epics, and mystical and mythological themes. Also, Indian and Babylonian mythological beliefs and traditions are present in Gol o Nowruz and the influence of their culture, beliefs and myths on Iranian mythology, religion and epics and traditions has been proven. With regard to this influence and based on the statements of Khajuye Kermani, in the present article the mythical background of Gol o Nowruz is studied by using descriptive-analytical method, and its relation to the mythical narrative of Indra (Indian god) and waters or the cows captured by the Demon, as well as its relation to the Mesopotamia blessed Goddess and his husband are examined. Manuscript profile -
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122 - The Ritual of Sacrifice of Animals in the Persian Poetry-Narrative Texts; An Analysis Based on Theories of Sacrifice
ayoob omidi maryam mosharrafThe ritual of sacrifice, as a religious-social behavior, is one of the ancient rituals that has remained among different ethnic groups in different ways. The present study tries to study the position of sacrificial animals in the Persian poetry-narrative texts (up to th MoreThe ritual of sacrifice, as a religious-social behavior, is one of the ancient rituals that has remained among different ethnic groups in different ways. The present study tries to study the position of sacrificial animals in the Persian poetry-narrative texts (up to the 7th AH century) through a descriptive-analytical method. The results of the research show that sacrificial humans are gradually being replaced by sacrificial animals, and this is one of the good deeds of the founders of the divine religions. According to various texts of Persian literature, most animals like cows, camels, sheep, horses and sometimes mares, zebras, donkeys and chickens are sacrificed on various occasions such as scapegoating, repelling misfortune, protecting from evil eye, thanksgiving, succeeding in affairs, giving birth to child, repelling magic and talisman. The ritual of sacrifice is equally reflected in epic and mystical texts, but in the lyrical texts, due to the romantic atmosphere of them, there is often talk of donating animals to temples and fire temples, and there is rarly talk of shedding animal blood. Fraser's theory about scapegoating as well as Tylor and Boyce's views about the sacrifice as a gift to the gods are more efficient and flexible than other theories. Manuscript profile -
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123 - Some Mythical Elements in Homāy o Homāyun
Monā Ahmadi Ahmad KhātamiKhajuye Kermani is one of the most prominent poets of Persian literature whose beautiful tone and his delightful words have a great deal of attraction. One of his charming books is Homāy o Homāyun that in its composing, the poet follows the style of Nizami Ganjavi. Duri MoreKhajuye Kermani is one of the most prominent poets of Persian literature whose beautiful tone and his delightful words have a great deal of attraction. One of his charming books is Homāy o Homāyun that in its composing, the poet follows the style of Nizami Ganjavi. During composing any romantic story, Khajuye Kermani refers to myths, as the cultural backbone of a nation, and in this way, takes an effective step in preserving Iranian culture and civilization. By using the analytic-comparative method, in the present article, the attempt is made to compare some mythological points in Homāy o Homāyun with the myths of Mesopotamia, India, China and Greece. Thus, it becomes clear which myths have been mostly used by Khajuye Kermani. The results of the research show that among the lyrical poets, Khajuye Kermani, after Nizami Ganjavi, gets the most use from myths, especially in Homāy o Homāyun. Also, among the various types of myths, myths related to supernatural forces and creatures, mythical rituals, mythical places, cosmic creation and diabolical creation are most commonly used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - Jami and Music
Yadollah Bahmani Motlagh Mohammad Reza Sam KhanianiJami is a poet whose poems musician with many musical idioms and passwords secret and colorful. This has caused a lot of poetry, regardless of musical meanings of words and phrases, it seems problematic, especially when changing positions consist that today it is called MoreJami is a poet whose poems musician with many musical idioms and passwords secret and colorful. This has caused a lot of poetry, regardless of musical meanings of words and phrases, it seems problematic, especially when changing positions consist that today it is called modulation or when reading or writing shuffle speaks the song and how must fit with the song and its issues, including reading, singing stud, modulate reading, ups and downs, and so we picked back or return. Otherwise it is not art and will enjoy a nice cup of entrepreneurship rather than concepts and their implications will Bhrmndh.etc, to explain musical terms used in Jami’s poetry have been to better understand the poem. Jami's poetry reading and musical review them and take his music thesis shows, in addition to cup scientific and practical acquaintance with the instruments and components and how to build them, the secret of Song Ciphers are knew songs in authorities cases, especially when singing and writing shuffle speaks the song's current views with views of teachers are close. The Court of Jami's always music in terms of its technical sense, but then went to work for the beauty of creation were literal. Manuscript profile -
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125 - Functional analysis of proveb in Saib Tabrizi poems
Ashraf Sheibani Aghdam Jaleh Karimi KiwiPoems and proverbs always have dual function, proverbial commission is an important element of literature which poets and authors use it to increase sweetness of speech and due to the fluency and clarity of concepts and meaning and making the truth more clearly and prov MorePoems and proverbs always have dual function, proverbial commission is an important element of literature which poets and authors use it to increase sweetness of speech and due to the fluency and clarity of concepts and meaning and making the truth more clearly and proving the words to show their capability and artistic ability in poem. One of the most important issues of linguistics in field of applied style is “speech act”. This article investigates the aspects of pragmatics of language, which is a scientific tool for analyzing speech based on John Searle ideas, the American linguist and also explain the sonnets of Saib Tabrizi in pragmatic area and the type of speech acts. This article is related to the Master thesis of the researcher. One outcome of this study is explaining and analyzing the applied style in practical form by categorizing the speech acts and the practical aspects of it which are the clear framework to consider differences of acts in proverbial commissions of Saib and his attitude toward his universe by different quotations enriched with messages and themes which reveal the social aspects of individuals in its interactive language. Manuscript profile -
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126 - Iran and Saudi Security Deconstruction Controversy (2001-2014)
Reza SimbarSecurity Struggle between Iran and Saudi in the Middle East rather than by competing national interests of both countries will be affected by the symptoms it is linguistics competition.Two Governments seek to dominate the Islam world through the lens of their own knowle MoreSecurity Struggle between Iran and Saudi in the Middle East rather than by competing national interests of both countries will be affected by the symptoms it is linguistics competition.Two Governments seek to dominate the Islam world through the lens of their own knowledge.Due to fundamental differences in the Linguistic symptoms competition and conflict between the two countries' bilateral not lessened but rather highly developed forms of militant groups affiliated.Syria crisis , the battle between the Lebanese Hezbollah group and Dash (ISIL) in Syria, clashes in Iraq's Sunni and Shiite sectarian militias, sectarian clashes in Lebanon's internal governance of the crisis, some Persian Gulf countries including Bahrain Syndrome battle hardened ideological foundations of linguistics in the Middle East. n other hand, Noting that the two countries' foreign policy will be strictly limited to the ideological foundation of linguistic elements thatPossibility of a quick solution to control terrorism in the Middle East region is subdued in the short term.With these qualities you should look at the struggle of the foreign policy of Saudi Arabia and Iran, the will power to develop different forms of fundamentalism text to see both sides to the terror leader is.Thus, what is needed in part to linguistic analysts of international relations in the Middle East conflicts and problems to simply consider issues not such as the balance of power? Manuscript profile -
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127 - Anwari and Innovation in Lyric Language
Forough JaliliAbstract Anwari is of the innovative and impressive poets who has played basic and historic role in the stability of ode with a special theme and organization. He has been able to combine the Persian poetry with a thorough ima MoreAbstract Anwari is of the innovative and impressive poets who has played basic and historic role in the stability of ode with a special theme and organization. He has been able to combine the Persian poetry with a thorough imaginative lyricism and in this way to use its implications and relations as an integrative part of the ode. The ode that Anwari has innovated and introduced to the literary society has exclusive theme and specification which has modern and unprecedent approach. This has resulted in the emergence of innovation in his structure and the form of odes and has paved the way in using lingual and expressional norms other than what was in traditional system. Anwari has merged the mold of lyricism with a simple and fluent language and in this way has eliminated the space between colloquial and poetic words by utilizing the talents of speech language and created a kind of loyalty between them. This lingual behavior has suitably integrated the language of art and ordinary language and has adapted the elements and possibilities of speaking language to speaking one. Consequently, has created an emotive and exquisite language that is artistic and poetic, at the same time it is simple, fluent and natural and is far from preciosity. Manuscript profile -
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128 - Countenance of Lover and Beloved in the Diwan ( book of poetry ) of Naziri Nishaboori
Mohammad Amin Ehsani Estahbanati Ali Asghar Yari EstahbanatiAbstract Description of love and explanation of the spiritual conditions of lover and beloved in the literature has special and widespread manifestation. The high frequency of topics on love and literature and culture of nations proves this matter. In the Persian liter MoreAbstract Description of love and explanation of the spiritual conditions of lover and beloved in the literature has special and widespread manifestation. The high frequency of topics on love and literature and culture of nations proves this matter. In the Persian literature, expounding of love, whether in numerous abstract love or in mystical heritage, divine love of man to love God or God's love to human being are of the most exquisite and luminous gems of man's thought. At this time, the Indian style, especially Naziri Nishaboori's poetry because of taking advantage of this style, has notable stance. Naziri's lyrics express his internal conditions of mind and are so exquisite that they appeal any listener even if he/she is tasteless. In this research the love and love circumstances are scanned in brevity. This paper has been written in descriptive – analytic method and the findings show that Naziri Nishaboori had special attention to the matter of love and utilized from Araghy style as a previous tradition. Manuscript profile -
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129 - An Analysis on the Anima Archetype in the Lyric Poem of "Mehr and Moshtari" from Assar Tabrizi
Vida Rekab Arash Moshfeghi Gholam Hossein JavanmardAbstract Dealing with the internal conditions of the characters and its symbols is of the important traits of the lyric poetry. This internality has close relationship with the archetypes posed in psychology which include anim MoreAbstract Dealing with the internal conditions of the characters and its symbols is of the important traits of the lyric poetry. This internality has close relationship with the archetypes posed in psychology which include anima and animus. Based on the Jung theory, the archetypes of anima are the portrayal of feministic morality and approach in masculine gender and by the experience of race throughout the history. This approach in its various forms, has manifested itself in the lyric poem of Mehr and Moshtari from Assar Tabrizi ( 8th c ). Mehr, as a beloved, has extensive function in the development of the story; but in some occasions her feministic morality has made her distinct from other characters. And also, Moshtary, with ambiguous behavior approaches much to feministic character. In this research, which has been done by descriptive-analytic method, by taking advantage of library technique, we have tried to study and analyze these phenomena. Manuscript profile -
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130 - The Stylistic Analysis of Katebi Nishabouri's Lyrics
Bahram Bashiri Khatibi Rostam Amani Hamid Reza farziAbstract Katebi Nishabouri, one of the greatest poets of the 9th century, was living in a time when imitation and saying the like were of its distinguished characteristics. Most poets of this period repeated the themes of the MoreAbstract Katebi Nishabouri, one of the greatest poets of the 9th century, was living in a time when imitation and saying the like were of its distinguished characteristics. Most poets of this period repeated the themes of the previous poets with the least creativity. The purpose of this research is to answer these questions whether Katebi Nishabouri followed the way of his contemporary poets and imitated the poets of previous periods or not. What specifications do his odes have on the whole ? In this paper, Katebi's odes have been investigated from three dimensions of lingual, literary and thought in a descriptive-analytic method based on the library studies.. The findings of this study show that Katebi, at least in his odes, didn't have any imitation but had lots of innovations in them. Finding the main points, theme creation, euphemism, the way of equalization and also affliction which are the characteristics of Indian Style, were of his issues of his mind more than the others. Considering all these, it can be judged that Katebi is one of the entrepreneurs of Indian Style. Anyhow, from lingual and literal point of view, one can find traits of Araghi and Khorasani styles in Katebi's odes. Manuscript profile -
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131 - Musical Analysis of Social Lyric Poems in Constitutional Era
Soudabeh Yousefian Darani Morteza Rashidi Ashjerdi Mahboubeh KhorasaniAbstract Social lyric poem is one of the lyrics that was current in constitutional revolution in Iran. In this essay, first the social lyric poem is defined and explained in brief, later we investigate the poems morphologicall MoreAbstract Social lyric poem is one of the lyrics that was current in constitutional revolution in Iran. In this essay, first the social lyric poem is defined and explained in brief, later we investigate the poems morphologically under three basic adjacent musical ( range and rhyme ), outside musical ( rhythm ) and medieval musical )literal adornments ). Most of the social lyric poems in constitutional era have range and most of the ranges are in dynamic order. Also, words such as liberation, motherland, labor, revolution which entered the poetry and lyric in regard to political and social conditions have been used in range and rhyme position. Most of the constitutional social lyric poems have been composed of moderate light and height which are in sorrowful and smooth rhythm. Among these rhythms and content of social poems the are era of adaptation and relativity. Also literal adornments such as play on words, harmonious cadence, and pun have been used so richly in these lyric poems. Manuscript profile -
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132 - Manifestations of Lyric Literature in Shahriar's Poetry
Leila Zare' Salmasi Nasser Nasseri Tazeh Shahri Jalil Amir pour DarianiAbstract Shahriar's extensive imagination has created numerous thematical backgrounds in his poetry which have been reflected in his works in different ways. The vicissitudes of poet's life has broaden the view of his horizon an MoreAbstract Shahriar's extensive imagination has created numerous thematical backgrounds in his poetry which have been reflected in his works in different ways. The vicissitudes of poet's life has broaden the view of his horizon and the extensiveness of his contemplation has extended excitements with enjoyable thoughts in different themes in his poetry and has established a rose garden of lyric literature in his works. His book of poetry, one of the most extensive Diwans in which ethical, national, didactic, religious, mystical love and social problems have been manifested in the agreeable words; and the frequency of lyric literature is more noteworthy than the other genre of literature. We have dealt with, in this essay, the lyricism of Shahriar poetry and the frequency of his lyric verses – variables such as love, mysticism, revealing the sorrow, nostalgia, elegy, satire and boasting together with bringing documents. The results of the research indicate that Shahriar's mystical and abstract variable love, complaints and religious and social eulogy has specialized the most frequency to itself . The research method was based on descriptive-analytical one. Manuscript profile -
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133 - Studying the Social Problems of Maulana in the Ghazalyyate (collection of lyric poems ) Shams
Elaheh Rahmanian Reza Ashrafzadeh Batool FakhroleslamAbstract Any literary work has a sign of social origin in its texture. The social environment in which the work has flourished is reflected in the style and expression of its writer. Shams' collection of lyric poems is one of MoreAbstract Any literary work has a sign of social origin in its texture. The social environment in which the work has flourished is reflected in the style and expression of its writer. Shams' collection of lyric poems is one of these works in which Maulana deals with most of the facts, and customs and social conditions. Maulana's poetry is the reflection of his own social life and illustration of realities of his own era, and demonstrates his own individual and social characteristics. The present research is an attempt in analyzing the social character of Maulana in the Shams' lyrics which is a way in understanding the cultural and social problems of the author and it is a useful instrument to talk about his romantic and mystical system of thought. The social dimension of Maulana's characteristics, in the Diwane Shams have been surveyed in two sections: the first one is the social asset and the second one is the sociology of Diwane Shams from which the first dimension had much more impact. We expect this research be a thoroughfare to go to ethical virtues and reject of meanness and humility in the present era. Manuscript profile -
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134 - Passing Through the Elixir Highway ( purification and demolition of human nature in the thoughts of Maulana Jalaloddin )
Akram RahmaniAbstract In ancient times, alchemy was the science of the conversion of low-priced metal into precious metal by the alchemist. Of course, there was a mystery and mysterious alchemy that transformed man into a perfect and transcendental creature. Yung considered alchemy MoreAbstract In ancient times, alchemy was the science of the conversion of low-priced metal into precious metal by the alchemist. Of course, there was a mystery and mysterious alchemy that transformed man into a perfect and transcendental creature. Yung considered alchemy as the father of psychology. The mystics, regardless of the material properties of the kimia, have used it to convert the copper of human being into the gold of perfection with its spiritual purpose. Rumi has the right to call the alchemy the original kimia to humans, and believes that transforming man into a perfect man is a chemical process. In his view, one of the uses of alchemy is the liberation of the soul from the earthly body, and love, as the source of unseen world, is a kimia that can bring man to the highest authority and convert disbelief into faith. This research seeks to illustrate Rumi's ideas of alchemy and its practice and their effects on human being and how it can be used by this term and its concepts. Manuscript profile -
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135 - The very last dialogues of lovers in Persian romantic verses
Neda HaddadiPersian romantic verses as texts composed over the centuries have common characteristics which upon their structural analysis one can analyze their inter-textual connections. Attempt is made in this article to describe the farewell scenes of lovers in MorePersian romantic verses as texts composed over the centuries have common characteristics which upon their structural analysis one can analyze their inter-textual connections. Attempt is made in this article to describe the farewell scenes of lovers in order to arrive at their common converse in these texts, since the main theme is love and this fundamental feature confers a mutual function to the lovers’ death. According to the inter textual theory, the texts with common theme in different historical periods are interconnected and their images, descriptions and their poetic thoughts are emanated from a common language even if at first they seem distinct. This common language provides the logic and the basis of the colloquy and living in such circumstances. In other words the language of love necessitates that farewell scenes have common language and ambiance although differences arise in accordance with the story and the relationship between the lover and the beloved. In one place, after the death of his beloved, the lover stands by her grave and weeps till his own death. And in other place, he opens his chest with a dagger. It is such that in studying the farewell scenes one arrives at the subject of synchronic death of the lovers. The focal point in these verses is the bitterness and the dilemma of separation which the lovers cannot tolerate and shortly after the other say farewell to life and end the dialogue of love. Manuscript profile -
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136 - Verse Styli sties in the th Century
Sayyed Ziaoddin SajjadiThis is the second part of Sayed Ziaodin sajjadi deceased proffessor's essay which the first part was published in the previous number of the magazine was about two poets of the th century, Anvari and Jamaladdin Esfahani. In this essay first we are going to survey t MoreThis is the second part of Sayed Ziaodin sajjadi deceased proffessor's essay which the first part was published in the previous number of the magazine was about two poets of the th century, Anvari and Jamaladdin Esfahani. In this essay first we are going to survey the most salient characteristics of Anvari's style in his elegy, lyric poems, quatrains, according to his taste in words and combination, poem's rhythme, rhyme and line, and also content of his poems and its main subjects. Jamaladdin Esfahani is introduced with literary ~ritics' point of views, innuences, elegy's style, rhythme, rhyme and line, rhetorical Figures that he applied and also the information that's found in his poetry, his lyrics and quatrains. Manuscript profile -
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137 - Bidel in realm of mystical lyrics
Mehdi MahooziMirza Abdul-Qader Bidel Dehlavi is a prominent poet of mystical poetry in the subcontinent of India. He has transformed the Indian school of poetry from mere superficiality to the utmost wisdom. Bidel's poetry in realm of mystical lyrics is the continuation of Mawlana J MoreMirza Abdul-Qader Bidel Dehlavi is a prominent poet of mystical poetry in the subcontinent of India. He has transformed the Indian school of poetry from mere superficiality to the utmost wisdom. Bidel's poetry in realm of mystical lyrics is the continuation of Mawlana Jalalud-din Mohammad Balkhi's line of thought in his Diwan Shams. The purpose of this article is to introduce Bidel in the realm of mystical lyrics. According to Bidel all multiplicities in man's journey towards God leads to unity. In his descent however all multiplicities are regarded as the attributes of Deity which have descended from the zenith of the universal and Absolute to the nadir of the particular and relative. Bidel's mystical lyrics is a spiritual epic which expresses love and yearnings for the Divine beloved. These often merge with a sort of surrealist thinking, thus mystical terms in his Indian style of poetry mostly are complex and implicit, and it is difficult of find an equivalent for them. Nevertheless, his mastery in using prosodic forms and verbal rhymes gives such dynamism and fervor to his lyrics that only reveals the hidden charm and passion within the Ghazals. Manuscript profile -
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138 - The role of allusive simile in the lyrical structure of Hamidi Shirazi ‘s poetry
Mostafa Mostafa Erfani Mehdi MahooziAmong the contemporary traditional poets in the domain of lyrical literature, in form and in structure, in meaning and content Mehdi Hamidi Shirazi has unique style. In all his works “ashk –e Ma’shough” in particular, every linguistic term, MoreAmong the contemporary traditional poets in the domain of lyrical literature, in form and in structure, in meaning and content Mehdi Hamidi Shirazi has unique style. In all his works “ashk –e Ma’shough” in particular, every linguistic term, literary device, meter, music of poetry, diction, figurative construction, imagery, form and structure is at the service of element of emotion. In this research attempt is made to study the construction method of his imageries which is the employment of variety of allusive similes such as mythological, epic, religious, romantic and historical ones. He uses such elements to reveal his emotional feelings in the most passionate construction and apart from figurative foregrounding, he has breathed a new life to these structures. The appropriate connection between these allegorical and allusive elements and the flow of love between him and his beloved is the characteristic feature of his poetry. Manuscript profile -
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139 - Comparison of symbolic concepts of lion in epic, lyric, and mystic works
hamid ayaz soheala moosavi sirjaniSymbols are part of a culture of a nation and for better understanding of the myths of each nation their concepts should be comprehended. Symbol is a mark, hint, or a word which imparts a message sometimes appropriate to the surface meaning and at times beyond its MoreSymbols are part of a culture of a nation and for better understanding of the myths of each nation their concepts should be comprehended. Symbol is a mark, hint, or a word which imparts a message sometimes appropriate to the surface meaning and at times beyond its apparent sense. Animals, plants, people, and objects are true examples in connection with symbols. This research deals with the study of symbolic concepts of lion in epic, lyric, and mystic masterpieces namely Shahnameh, Kamsa of Nezami and Masnavi respectively using the library method and analytic comparative approach. First, the all encompassing view of lion from Avesta and Pahlavi texts are provided next, the symbolic concepts of this majestic creature in the above genres are stated and towards the end of each section the degree of correspondence of symbolic concepts in each work, the frequency of the name of the beast and the percentage of the symbolic concept of lion employed is determined for every work. The result obtained from this study shows that lion is the most employed beast as far as repetition of its name is concerned (1487 times) and second to horse is the most employed beast for the number of symbolic concepts used (19 concepts). Lion’s four symbolic concepts such as bravery, might, predatory, and rage in three works consist 21% correspondence. Six characteristics such as massiveness, agility, being tyrannical, and rancorous, immensity, and faithfulness correspond to 31.5 % in two works and nine features 47.5% is observed in one three works. Also 47.5% of concepts belong to epic domain, 10.5% in lyric domain, and 42.5% concepts fall into mystic domain. Manuscript profile -
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140 - Verese Stylistics of the th century
Sayyed Ziaedin SajadiHereby we talk about the characteristics of verse stylistics in the th century. It's started with examinig Sanaii Ghaznavi's Poetry that was known as a Nezami's Eghbalnameh Coincided with the finishing of his EskandarNameh in the th century. MoreHereby we talk about the characteristics of verse stylistics in the th century. It's started with examinig Sanaii Ghaznavi's Poetry that was known as a Nezami's Eghbalnameh Coincided with the finishing of his EskandarNameh in the th century. In this century Persian poetry changed in many ways such as theme, rhythm, form, word, and rhyme blending, novelty and the khorasani's poetry styles developed in the th century, and the most significant change is the entrance of Sufi and mystical ideas which was started by sanaii and Nezami ended it. Manners like virtues, Lampoonic, and Satirizing Poems, Wise sayings, Panegyric verse, Death Elegies, etc. engaged the Poets thoughts in this century. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - Subtlities in Diwan Hafez (unprinted notes of Jalalud-din Homai)
naserodin Shah HosseiniThis article contains invaluable notes by Homai in which he reveals a number of subtlities in some poems of Hafez. Thanks to Dr shah hosseini, these notes which have not been printed in any publications, is now at the disposal of this literary journal. Homai points to t MoreThis article contains invaluable notes by Homai in which he reveals a number of subtlities in some poems of Hafez. Thanks to Dr shah hosseini, these notes which have not been printed in any publications, is now at the disposal of this literary journal. Homai points to twelve instances where there are ambiguities in Hafezs' poetry. He discusses some briefly and some in more detail. His revelations could greatly enhance the understanding of such poems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - In Search of Vahid Ghazvini’s Divan and the style of his odes
Roghieh SadraeiVahid Ghazvini belongs to a family who has earned his life as a civil servant and like many civil servants in the Safavid era he was a poet and incidently a prolific one. Vahid’s poetry is concerned with various subjects such as epic themes to lyrical and mo MoreVahid Ghazvini belongs to a family who has earned his life as a civil servant and like many civil servants in the Safavid era he was a poet and incidently a prolific one. Vahid’s poetry is concerned with various subjects such as epic themes to lyrical and moral themes and Shahr Ashoub. His main poetic style is Isfahani or Indian style which is the style of the poets in Safavid era. In this article, the features of his style in composing odes, his language (diction and syntax), and rhetorics (rhetorical devices) have been analyzed and examples were given for each case. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - Frequency Analysis of themes in the third Book of Masnavi
Mohammad Navid BazarganMasnavi is a grand oeuvre filled with a variety of meanings and multiplicity of ideas that drowns and bewilders the reader in the perpetual turbulence of its waves. For this reason and for the repeated hesitation and reflection of the reader in every turn of the c MoreMasnavi is a grand oeuvre filled with a variety of meanings and multiplicity of ideas that drowns and bewilders the reader in the perpetual turbulence of its waves. For this reason and for the repeated hesitation and reflection of the reader in every turn of the couplets of Masnavi, the main directions of thought and the general purpose of the book remains usually hidden and the reader is incapable of grasping the grand thoughts of this literary masterpiece. In this article attempt is made to first specify the themes in the third book of Masnavi, using the frequency analysis approach, and second to present schematically anecdotes employed by the poet in the form of interconnected lyrics to induce one common theme and finally to analyze the results drawn from them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - Investigating musical devices in Saadi’s lyrics
Pegah KhadishSaadi’s poetic language, described as simple but impossible is formed by juxtaposing numerous elements the most significant of which is musical rhythm. This musical quality has many known devices such as rhythm, internal and external rhyme, harmonious cadenc MoreSaadi’s poetic language, described as simple but impossible is formed by juxtaposing numerous elements the most significant of which is musical rhythm. This musical quality has many known devices such as rhythm, internal and external rhyme, harmonious cadence (synonymy, homophony, oxymoron), and some rhetorical figures such as pun, cadence, and contrast are effective in its formation. Recognizing these devices, will assist researchers to unravel the mysteries hidden in his poetic language and diction, and to appreciate the relationship between sound and sense in his poetry. In this article an attempt is made to illustrate how the musical quality is achieved through the various devices used in 200 selected lyrics of Saadi. Manuscript profile
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