A comparative study of didactic poetry of Firdausi and Hafiz

Subject Areas : شاهنامه

ahmadreza  yalameha ¹ (* Associate Professor of the Persian language and Literature , Islamic Azad University , Dehaghan Branch.)

Received: 2017-12-20 Accepted : 2017-12-20 Published : 2011-11-22

Keywords: Hafiz, didactic poetry, Firdausi, epic literature, lyrical literature, tone and expression,

Abstract :

The main aim of a poet in composing didactic poetry is to teach philosophy and ethics and to explain and specify religious, educational, philosophical, instructive issues and thoughts. Expressing philosophical and ethical doctrines in Persian poetry started in the fourth century and gradually manifested itself in the most of poetic style. Didactic poetry either appeared separately and independently just like long poems and stories that exclusively pay attention to didactic doctrines or are scattered in other literary works. Firdausi's Shah Name and Hafiz's Divan are among literary works which contain instructive contents at highest level. These two literary works contain epical and lyrical aspects that were considered from long times ago as manifesto of living for both the elite and common people. The point on which this research paper is based on is the tone of expressing ethical contents and the philosophical and instructive thoughts of these two poets. One of the poets had chosen a detailed approach and the other one a brief approach. The words of one poet are explicit and clear and the other one is mysterious and satirical. Therefore, this paper tries to study and represent different ways of expressing didactic ideas by these two poets. 

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