A look at what the concepts of "Human Dignity", "Social Justice" and "Freedom" mean In Hafez's lyric poems and the UN Declaration of Human Rights

Subject Areas : Comparative Literature Studies

ezzat khalighi ¹ , Saeid Roozbahani ² , Abolghasem Amirahmadi ³

1 - PhD Student, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran.
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran. (Corresponding Author).
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran.

Received: 2021-07-30 Accepted : 2022-09-21 Published : 2022-11-26

Keywords: Hafez, Human Rights, human dignity, lyric poems, Rend,

Abstract :

 The concept of Human Rights is respected in all cultures and numerous laws have been enacted in this regard, and it is not necessarily limited to the contemporary era. As literature is a manifestation of culture reflected in the context of society, it reflects examples of human rights. In the field of Persian literature, Hafez in the mirror of the Divan of Ghazals, while dealing with lyrical, romantic, mystical and ... issues, has also spoken about Human Rights issues. In various verses, he has repeatedly objected to the shortcomings of Human Rights and called on his audience to directly and indirectly adhere to its principles. To achieve this goal, Hafez has made innovations, including the development of Rend's personality. In this study, citing library sources and descriptive-analytical method, the concepts of "Human dignity", "social justice" and "freedom" in Hafez's sonnets (with an approach to Rand actions) and the UN Declaration of Human Rights have been explored. . The results of the research show that Hafez's creation in the Divan of Ghazals was a critical and protest attempt to highlight the deprivations related to Human Rights in Iranian society and to increase the scope of knowledge and insight of the oppressed people. Also, in this way, the "insider / foreigner" dichotomy in the whole political structure of Iranian society is described. Another is that The concepts mentioned in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights have no roots exclusively in the contemporary world and go beyond time and geographical boundaries.