Obesity

Introduction: Obesity is characterized by several metabolic complications such as increased profibrogenic parameters of liver tissue. Most anti-obesity drugs have liver side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of aerobic training and More

Introduction: Obesity is characterized by several metabolic complications such as increased profibrogenic parameters of liver tissue. Most anti-obesity drugs have liver side effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of aerobic training and royal jelly on profibrogenic parameters of liver tissue and insulin resistance in obese rats.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 45 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: normal diet (ND), high fat diet (HFD), high fat diet - training (HFDT), high fat diet - royal jelly (HFDRJ) and high fat diet - training - royal jelly (HFDTRJ). The supplement groups received 100 mg of royal jelly (per kg of body weight) diluted in distilled water orally during the intervention period. Aerobic training program including running on treadmill with intensity of 50-60% VO2max was performed 5 days week for eight weeks. The genes expression of Transforming Growth Factor β (TGF-β) and Smad3 were measured by Real Time PCR. Results: There was significant increase of TGF-β, Smad3 and insulin resistance in HFD, HFDT, HFDRJ and HFDTRJ groups compared to ND group (P=0.001). Also, there was a significant decrease of TGF-β, Smad3 and insulin resistance in HFDT, HFDRJ and HFDTRJ groups compared to HFD group; and HFDTRJ compared to HFDRJ groups (P=0.001).Conclusion: It seems that the aerobic training with royal jelly can help to decrease of insulin resistance and improve the profibrogenic parameters of liver tissue in obesity caused by high-fat diet. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - The Effect of Combined Training and Caffeine Supplementation on Toll-like Receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4, and Dectin-1 in Obese Men
SH. Ghaderi Goodarzi A. Abbassi Daloii A. Abdi A. Saeidi

10.30495/jftn.2022.19312

Introduction: Overweight and obesity are associated with increased inflammatory conditions and metabolic disorders. A therapeutic agent that can suppress metabolic and immune disorders may effectively ameliorate parallel abnormalities in obesity. The aim of this study w More

Introduction: Overweight and obesity are associated with increased inflammatory conditions and metabolic disorders. A therapeutic agent that can suppress metabolic and immune disorders may effectively ameliorate parallel abnormalities in obesity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of combined training and caffeine supplementation on Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4, and dectin-1 in obese men. Materials and Methods: In a semi-experimental trial, 44 obese men were purposefully and accessibly selected and randomly divided into four groups: 1) control, 2) combined training, 3) caffeine and 4) combined training -caffeine. Subjects received 6 mg of caffeine per kilogram of body weight daily for 12 weeks. The combined training program include circular resistance training (3 times with 14 repetitions at 50% of one maximum repetition and 30 seconds rest between each station) and aerobic exercise (70% maximum heart rate for 30 minutes) was performed 3 sessions per week for 12 weeks. The combined training program was performed for 12 weeks and 3 sessions per week. Data were analyzed with covariance analysis and Tukey post hoc test at the p<0.05.Results: The results showed that 12 weeks of combined training, caffeine and combined training - caffeine significantly reduced serum levels of TLR2, TLR4 and Dectin-1 (P=0.001). The reduce of serum levels of TLR2, TLR4 and Dectin-1 were significant in the combined training compared to caffeine group (P=0.001). the effect of interactive combined training with caffeine was more than supplementation and training alone.Conclusion: According to the findings, it is suggested that combined training intervention with caffeine consumption be used in order to reduce its inflammatory effects associated with obesity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Association of Limbs Lenghts and Circumferences, Waist to Hip Ratio, BMI and other Body Dimensions with Lipid Profile and Blood Glucose
Mohsen Jafari alireza abdollahi nahid bizheh

Background: Health professionals are seeking simple methods for evaluation of atherosclerosis risk. The aim of this study was determination of relationship between body dimensions with atherosclerosis risk factors. Methods: Subjects of this study were inactive middle-ag More

Background: Health professionals are seeking simple methods for evaluation of atherosclerosis risk. The aim of this study was determination of relationship between body dimensions with atherosclerosis risk factors. Methods: Subjects of this study were inactive middle-aged men (n=102) and women (n=77). Anthropometric indices (size, breath and circumferences of body segments), lipid profile (blood cholesterol, triglyceride, highdensity lipoprotein and low density lopoprotein) and blood glucose of the subjects were determined using standard methods. Results: Waist circumference, hip circumference, waist to hip ratio (WHR), waist to thigh ratio (WTR), waist to height ratio (WHtR), trunk size, second to fourth digit ratio, suprailiacus skinfold fat and subscapularis to triceps skinfold ratio (STR) in men and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, hip circumference, trunk size, second and fourth digit lengths, triceps and suprailiacus skinfold fat and WHtR in women were significantly related to the risk of dyslipidemia (P≤0.05). Conclusion: Hip circumference, suprailiacus skinfold fat and WHtR in both sexes have positive relationship with the risk of atherosclerosis. Waist circumference, WTR and WHR in men and BMI in women have stronger correlation with atherosclerosis. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - A Comparison Between the Effect of Playing Games and Doing Aerobics on Some Body Composition Indices of the Obese Female Students
Mehdi Bostani Zeinab Alipour

The purpose of the present study is the comparative review of the effect of two exercising plans on some body composition indices of the obese female girls in Ahwaz. To this aim, 45 obese students in district 1 of the education administration of Ahwaz were purposefully More

The purpose of the present study is the comparative review of the effect of two exercising plans on some body composition indices of the obese female girls in Ahwaz. To this aim, 45 obese students in district 1 of the education administration of Ahwaz were purposefully chosen and then they were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 15 girls. In order to control the participants’ dietary plan, the nutrition remembrance questionnaire was used. Body composition indices including body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and body fat percentage in both pre-test and post-test stages were measured and registered. For inside group comparison, dependent t-test was used and for the comparison of the 3 groups, the variance analysis (ANOVA) as well as Tuckey’s Post Hoc in the significant level of 0.05 were used. The results showed that doing 8 weeks of aerobics and playing games both significantly reduced the BMI and body fat percentage but only playing games could significantly reduce the WHR (P<0.05). According to the results of the present research, it is recommended that in order to control children obesity, in addition to organized exercises, sport activities in the form of playing be used as well. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - The Effectiveness of Attachment Based Therapy on secondary psychological disorder due to eating disorder in elementary girls with obesity and obesity
zahra Dasht bozorgi

10.30486/jsrp.2018.544568

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of therapeutic attachment on eating disorders in girls with obesity. This research was a pre-test-posttest-follow-up study with control group. The statistical population of this study was primary school girls with More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of therapeutic attachment on eating disorders in girls with obesity. This research was a pre-test-posttest-follow-up study with control group. The statistical population of this study was primary school girls with attachment problems and obesity. Of these, 32 were randomly divided into control (16 girls) and experimental (16 girls). Purposeful sampling method was used. The research tool was Child Attachment Disorder Questionnaire (Randolph 1996), Eating Disorders Questionnaire (Boehne & Farborn, 2008) and Clinical Impairment due to eating disorder Questionnaire (Marcus & Kalarchian, 2003). After forming groups (experimental and control) and performing pretest, the mothers of the experimental group participated in the intervention program for 10 sessions during the two and a half months and did not receive any interventional control group. After the end of the intervention, two post-test groups were followed after 45. The results of single-variable covariance analysis indicated that there was a significant decrease in the level of Clinical Impairment due to eating disorders in the post-test and follow-up stages compared to control (p <0.005). According to the results, attachment therapy can be used as an intervention to reduce Clinical Impairment due to eating disorders in obese children. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - The effect of positive psychotherapy (PPT) on Signs of depression and self steem of obese women
fatemeh saadatbin javaheri mansor hakim javadi Reza soltani shal

10.30486/jsrp.2020.1870077.1859

Obesity as an epidemic disease plays an important role in the development of several Psychological disorders in obese people. In the same vein the main purpose ofthis article is determining the effectiveness of positive-psychotherapy inthe reduction More

Obesity as an epidemic disease plays an important role in the development of several Psychological disorders in obese people. In the same vein the main purpose ofthis article is determining the effectiveness of positive-psychotherapy inthe reduction of sings of depression and self-steem in obese women. For this aim, a single-case experimental trial of multiple-baseline type was carried out. To conduct the study,4 people with symptoms of depression and low self-esteem were selected from among the applicants who had contacted following an announcement in cyberspace about holding positive psycho therapy sessions to reduce the psychological damage caused by obesity. 3 participants cooperated until the end. First, for each participant, between 2 and4 baseline sessions were held at random. Assessments were performed using the Depression (Goldberg, 1972) and Self-Esteem (Cooper Smith, 1967) Questionnaires of the intervention and follow-up sessions. Data were presented using visual analysis, charting, descriptive statistics index and calculation of recovery percentage. The results showed that positive-psychotherapy was effective in reducing depressive symptoms and increasing self-esteem in obesewomen. Positivepsychotherapy interventions can replace positive thoughts with negative ones inobesepeople, whichcan improve depression and increase self-esteem. The results of a three-month follow-up period also showed that positive-psychotherapy for depression was still present while  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - The Effect of Mindfulness Training on Body Image, Impulsiveness and Social Adjustment in 14-18 Years Old Obese Teen Girls
Maryam Sepyani Malihe Sadat Kazemi

10.30486/jsrp.2020.1882433.2135

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mindfulness training on body image, impulsivity and social adjustment in obese girls in Najafabad city. The research method was quasi-experimental, pre-test and post-test with control group. And the Stat More

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mindfulness training on body image, impulsivity and social adjustment in obese girls in Najafabad city. The research method was quasi-experimental, pre-test and post-test with control group. And the Statistical population, was all the obese girls at the first half of 1397 in Najafabad city . At first, 30 female high school students in grade 1 and 2 with a range of 14 to 18 years old who were considered obese according to the body mass index (BMI) were selected purposefully. Then they were randomly assigned to control and experimental groups (each group was 15). Both groups answered to three questionnaires before training: Multidimensional Body Relationships, (Cache, 1990), Barratt impulsivity Inventory,  (Patton, Stanford & Barratt, 1995) and California Social Adaptation Inventory (Thorpe, Clark & Tiegs, 1939). The experimental group underwent mindfulness training (8 sessions; 90 minutes) and after completing the training, the questionnaires were completed by both groups. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance with SPSS 21 software. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in body image, impulsivity and social adjustment (P <0.01). Also, a comparison of the scores in the post-test scores of the antisocial orientation component showed that the experimental group obtained higher scores than the control group and showed that the experimental group, after training the mindfulness training, in the anti-antithesis component. It has had better social, adaptability and performance. Therefore, Mindfulness training can be effective in improving body image, impulsivity and social adaptability. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Study Of Cumin AqueousExtract Effect on Weight Control in High Fat Dietary Obese Male Wistar Rats
Setareh Reyahi Reza Nejatbakhsh Sanaz Mahmazi

Inroduction and Objective:Obesity resulting from general or local fat accumulation in body. High fat diet is one of the risk factors of Obesity. Many herbal supplements compared to synthetic chemical agents can be effective in the treatment of obesity or weight reductio More

Inroduction and Objective:Obesity resulting from general or local fat accumulation in body. High fat diet is one of the risk factors of Obesity. Many herbal supplements compared to synthetic chemical agents can be effective in the treatment of obesity or weight reduction with minimum side effects. The anti-obesity effect of cumin that are Iranian native aromatic and medicinal plants, on the weight loss and stabilize blood parameters associated with metabolic syndrome were measured weekly in Male Wistar rats.Materials and Methods:32 male Wistar rats, (3 months) who were randomly divided into 4 groups that each group contains of 8 rats, the controls were recipient of a normal diet without treatment, obese subjects receiving the high fat diet without extracts and 2 experimental groups received different dose of Cumin aqueous extract (50,100 mgKg -1 ) with High fat diet. Mice were treated with extracts daily by oral gavages after weighed weekly for 20 weeks. After completion of 20 weeks, Heart, liver, kidneys, spleen, pancreas, Omental fat and fats around kidneys isolated and weighed after autopsy. Biochemical tests included measurements of serum levels of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and leptin were performed.Results:Cumin aqueous extract resulted in a significant reduction in body mass index, lipid levels, and decreased levels of triglycerides and leptin and Omrntal fat in contrast to obese group (pConclusion:Cumin in a dosage of 50,100 mgKg-1 can be reduce Omntal fat effectively But according to the reduction of liver weight at doses of 100 mgKg-1 it may had side effects on high dose. The herbals have to use in effective and safe dose. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - The effect of aerobic training and garlic supplementation on heart tissue structure in obese rats
آسیه عباسی دلویی Hoda Tabe Seyed Javad Ziaolhagh Ali Reza Barari

Inroduction & Objective: Lifestyle modification, including physical activity and the use of herbal supplements, is an important part of the health, prevention and treatment of obesity and it’s associated with reduction in cardiovascular complications caused by More

Inroduction & Objective: Lifestyle modification, including physical activity and the use of herbal supplements, is an important part of the health, prevention and treatment of obesity and it’s associated with reduction in cardiovascular complications caused by obesity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic training and garlic supplementation on heart tissue structure in obese rats.Material and Method: To implementation of this experimental research, 25 male rats (5 healthy adult rats and 20 adults obese male Wistar rats) were randomly divided into five groups: control (healthy), obese, obese-garlic, obese-aerobic training and obese-garlic. Aerobic exercises were performed. Supplement groups received garlic supplementation at rate of 250 mg per kg body weight as daily gavage during the intervention period. Aerobic exercise was performed on treadmill, 5 days week for eight weeks. After anesthesia, an autopsy was performed and heart tissue was removed. The changes of heart tissue, Muscle cells, necrosis, inflammation and hyperemia were assessed, the severity and degree of these changes were performed based on microscopic and photomicrographs observations.Results: The results showed that in obese rat’s pathological changes of heart muscle and heart cells were observed in comparison with the control group. Aerobic training and consumption of garlic reduced pathological changes in heart muscle tissue and heart cells. Also, the interaction of aerobic training and garlic supplementation was associated with the improvement of tissue and cellular changes in heart tissue. Conclusion: According to the results, aerobic training with garlic supplementation can probably help improve changes in the structure of heart tissue during obesity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - The effect of a five-week cafeteria diet after weaning on the density of dendritic spines in the hippocampus and striatum of young rats
sahar Molaei Mahsa Jafarinejad Farzaneh Ganji Hamid Sepehri Zahra Nazari

Introduction & Objective:  Feeding with a cafeteria diet resulted in increased total body weight and obesity. This research aims to evaluate the effect of a cafeteria diet on the density of dendritic spines of hippocampal and striatum neurons from the end of in More

Introduction & Objective:  Feeding with a cafeteria diet resulted in increased total body weight and obesity. This research aims to evaluate the effect of a cafeteria diet on the density of dendritic spines of hippocampal and striatum neurons from the end of infancy to the beginning of puberty. Materials & Methods: 22-day-old male and female Wistar rats that passed through infancy were randomly divided into two control and cafeteria groups (n=6). The control group had access to standard rat food, but the cafeteria group received a cafeteria diet in addition to standard food for up to 30 days. During the treatment, the rats of both groups were weighed every week. After five weeks after the start of the treatments, the brains of the mice were extracted and prepared for Golgi staining by the Rapid Golgi method. Results: Our results showed that the body weight increased significantly in the cafeteria group compared to the control group (P<0/01). In addition, the results showed that the cafeteria diet significantly reduces the density of dendritic spines in the hippocampus (P<0/01) and striatum (P<0/05) compared to controls. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, the reduction of dendritic spines in the hippocampus and striatum, two important structures in cognitive behaviors, may cause memory and learning disorders observed in people consuming a high-fat diet. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - The effect of six weeks aerobic training and cinnamon extract on IL_1β gene expression in fat tissue of obese male feeded by high fat diet.
amin rigi Tahereh Bagherpoor nematallah nemati

Background and Aims: In obese people, the expression level of interleukin 1 beta is higher, so that the expression level of interleukin 1 beta has a direct positive relationship with the level of body mass index and fat mass. The present study aimed to determine the eff More

Background and Aims: In obese people, the expression level of interleukin 1 beta is higher, so that the expression level of interleukin 1 beta has a direct positive relationship with the level of body mass index and fat mass. The present study aimed to determine the effects of six weeks of aerobic exercise, consumption of cinnamon extract and high-fat food on the expression of interleukin-1 beta gene in the adipose tissue of male rats fed with a high-fat diet using two-month-old male Wistar rats.Materials and methods: 50 two-month-old male rats were divided into five control groups, high-fat diet, cinnamon extract and high-fat diet, aerobic exercise and high-fat diet, and aerobic exercise and cinnamon extract and high-fat diet after two weeks of keeping under controlled conditions. were divided Cinnamon extract at the rate of 200 mg per kilogram of body weight and emulsion of high-fat food in excess of water and normal rodent food daily at the rate of 1.5 mg per kilogram of body weight were given by gavage for six weeks. became. The exercise group participated in an aerobic exercise program on a treadmill five days a week for six weeks. The mean of the research variables among the groups (except the control group) were compared with one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni tests in order to determine the differences between the groups. The mean of the research variables among each group was compared with the control group with the purpose of determining intra-group differences, with the one-sample t-test at a significance level of p ≥ 0.05.Results: The difference in body weight and fat tissue weight was significant among all groups. The difference between the variable averages of interleukin-1 beta in adipose tissue of male rats fed with high-fat diet after six weeks of aerobic exercise, consumption of cinnamon extract and high-fat food was significant.Conclusion: It seems that the effects of high-fat diet, combination of high-fat diet and aerobic exercise, combination of high-fat diet and cinnamon and combination of high-fat diet and aerobic exercise and cinnamon on interleukin-1 beta variable in adipose tissue are significant and significant. to have Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - The effect of eight weeks of aerobic training with stevia herbal supplement on heart tissue structure in obese rats
Zahra Akbari Asieh Abbassi Daloii Ahmad Abdi Seyed Javad Ziaolhagh

Background & Aim: Understanding how aerobic exercise with herbal supplements can cause structural changes in the heart could lead to the development of new treatments to improve heart health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic More

Background & Aim: Understanding how aerobic exercise with herbal supplements can cause structural changes in the heart could lead to the development of new treatments to improve heart health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training with stevia herbal supplement on heart tissue structure in obese rats. Materials and Methods: To implementation of this experimental research, 25 male wistar rats (5 healthy adult rats and 20 adults’ obese male rats) were divided into five groups: control (healthy), obese, obese-garlic, obese-aerobic training and obese-garlic. Aerobic training was performed. Aerobic exercise was performed on treadmill, 5 days week for eight weeks. The dose of stevia was 250 mg per kilogram of body weight in gavage. After anesthesia, an autopsy was performed and heart tissue was removed. Cardiac tissue sections were studied by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. The changes of heart tissue, Muscle cells, necrosis, inflammation and hyperemia were assessed, the severity and degree of these changes were performed based on microscopic and photomicrographs observations.Results: The results showed that in obese rat’s pathological changes of heart muscle and heart cells were observed in comparison with the control group. Aerobic training, consumption of stevia herbal supplement and aerobic training with consumption of stevia herbal supplement were associated with improvement of tissue and cellular changes in heart tissue.Conclusion: the present intervention can probably have benefits for the structure of heart tissue during obesity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Comparing the effects of cinnamon hydroalcoholic extract (Cinnamomum Zeylanicum) and lovastatin on sperm parameters in hyperlipidemic rats.
Hossein Mostafavi Mehdi Eskandari Farhad Mohammadi

Background & aims: Increasing evidence indicates the detrimental effects of obesity and hyperlipidemia on sperm quality. The degree of reversibility of these quality changes in studies is different. One of the properties attributed to cinnamon in traditional medicin More

Background & aims: Increasing evidence indicates the detrimental effects of obesity and hyperlipidemia on sperm quality. The degree of reversibility of these quality changes in studies is different. One of the properties attributed to cinnamon in traditional medicine is to reinforce fertility. This study was designed to investigate the effect of cinnamon extract on sperm parameters in hyperlipidemia conditions. Materials & methods: In order to conduct research, 36 male rats were allocated into six groups: control, model, vehicle, lovastatin, cinnamon with low dose (130 mg) and high dose (260 mg). Animals of all groups, except the control group, received high-fat diet for 8 weeks. Then the treated groups (groups 3 to 6) received their treatment intra-peritoneally for 6 weeks along with normal diet. At the end of the study, lipid profile and sperm parameters were evaluated. Results: Cinnamon extract with a low dose was effective in reducing serum cholesterol and triglyceride, and high dose of cinnamon was effective in reducing serum LDL. Using a high-fat diet had no effect on the number, motility and morphology of sperm, and pre-treatment with both doses of cinnamon extract had a decreasing effect on sperm count and had no effect on sperm motility and morphology. Conclusion: It seems that cinnamon as a pre-treatment has beneficial and reducing effects on serum lipid profile. But in this study, cinnamon had no improving effects on sperm parameters in hyperlipidemic conditions. The difference between the obtained results and the results of previous studies needs further investigation. Manuscript profile

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25 - Effect of regular exercise with different intensities on oxidized LDL levels in obese men
Mohadeseh Nematollahzadeh mahani

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26 - Changes of necdin concentration after a bout of intensive aerobic exercise in obese and lean men
Ahmad Ahmadlu Afsaneh Khazari Zahra Momen Nasab

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27 - Regular concurrent training had not significant effect on CRP Level in obese middle-aged men
Zahra Momen nasab Mohadeseh Nematollahzadeh

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28 - Effects of short term lifestyle activity modification on lipid profiles in obese and overweight middle aged men with type 2 diabetes
Jalil Ghasemianpoor Mohadeseh Nematollahzadeh Mahani

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29 - Effects of 8 weeks combined resistance and endurance training on A-FABP in obese middle age men
Ehsan Bahrami Abdehgah Najmeh Abdollahpur Fariba Hosseini

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30 - Effect of eight weeks high intensity aerobic exercise on C-reactive protein levels in obese middle-aged men
Fariba Hosseini Najmeh Abdollahpur Ehsan Bahrami Abdehgah

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31 - Effects of lifestyle activity modification on insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cells function in obese men with insulin resistance
Mohadeseh Nematollahzadeh mahani Jalil Ghasemian poor

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32 - Effect of home physical exercise on obesity in social isolation period of Corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic, Ethiopia
Tilahun Bereded Shiferaw

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33 - Effects of concurrent training on insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cells function in obese men
Ahmad Ahmadlu Afsaneh Khazari Zahra Momen nasab

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34 - Comparison the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy and diet therapy on self-esteem and social pressure in obese people
Parisa Golkarian Abdollah ShafiAbadi Ali Delavar

Present research aimed to comparison the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy and diet therapy on self-esteem and social pressure in obese people. This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design. The research statistical population was in More

Present research aimed to comparison the effectiveness of cognitive behavior therapy and diet therapy on self-esteem and social pressure in obese people. This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design. The research statistical population was included all obese people referring to psychological counseling centers and nutrition clinics of Tehran city in autumn and winter of 2017 year. The research sample was 30 obese people that were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups. The groups trained 10 sessions (weekly one session), so that the cognitive behavioral therapy group was trained by a specialist of clinical psychologist and a diet therapy group was trained by a nutritionist. Self-esteem and social pressure were measured in pre-test and post-test phases. The data were analyzed by T-Test and MANCOVA methods with using SPSS-21 software. The findings showed that both two methods of cognitive behavior therapy and diet therapy were effective on increase self-esteem and decrease social pressure in obese people. Also cognitive behavior therapy in comparison diet therapy significantly led to increase self-esteem and decrease social pressure of obese people (P<0/01). Therefore, both two methods can be used by counselors and therapists in order to increase self-esteem and decrease social pressure of obese people. Manuscript profile

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35 - Presenting Structural Model of Emotional Eating by Predicting of Trait-State Anxiety with the Mediating Role of Emotional processing in People with Obesity
Seyyed Abbas Haghayegh Ashraf Babakhanlou Fardin moradi manesh Akram Dehghani

The research method was cross-sectional type of correlation. The statistical population of this study consisted of all obese people referring to health centers and diets in Tehran in 1398, of which 378 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Research tools More

The research method was cross-sectional type of correlation. The statistical population of this study consisted of all obese people referring to health centers and diets in Tehran in 1398, of which 378 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Research tools were Emotional Eating Duch's (1986), Trait-State Anxiety Spiel-Berger's (1970) and Emotional Processing Bakker et al.'s (2010) Questionnaire. Data analysis and analysis of SPSS-V23 and Lisrel-V8.8 software were used. Structural equation modeling was used to answer the research hypotheses. The results showed that there was a significant direct and negative effect on emotional well-being between trait-state anxiety. There is a significant indirect and negative effect on emotional processing between trait-state anxiety. There is also a significant indirect and negative effect on emotional processing between emotional processing. Therefore, it can be concluded that trait-state anxiety affects emotional eating with the Mediating Role of emotional processing in obese individuals. The findings support the existence of underlying psychological mechanisms in the development of obesity. Therefore, attention to these variables helps researchers and therapists to prevent and design more appropriate therapies. Manuscript profile

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36 - The Effectiveness of Attachment Based Therapy on the Treatment of Clinical Impairment due to eating disorder in Binging Disorder and obesity girls
zahra D.Bozorgi shole Amiri Ali Mazaheri Hooshang Talebi

The present study aims to investigate the efficacy of attachment-based therapy in the treatment of Clinical Impairment due to eating disorder among the female students of primary school in Ahwaz. This is an empirical study with pretest-posttest-follow up and control gro More

The present study aims to investigate the efficacy of attachment-based therapy in the treatment of Clinical Impairment due to eating disorder among the female students of primary school in Ahwaz. This is an empirical study with pretest-posttest-follow up and control group. The target samples were 32 female individuals of primary school that have the highest scores on attachment and binge eating disorder. The evaluation implements include Randolph Attachment Disorder Questionnaire, Children’s Binge Eating Disorder Scale, and The Clinical Impairment Assessment Questioner. Two groups have been made including the attachment-based therapy group, and a control group. Mothers have participated in 10 learning sessions according to their children's group. After the implementation of the therapies, a post test has been done. After 45 days, a follow up test has also been done. The result of the covariate analysis shows that there is a meaningful difference between the control group and the empirical group. The mean post- test (P<0.05) and follow up (P<0.05) scores of Clinical Impairment due to eating disorder symptoms in the experimental group is significantly lower than that of the control group. Manuscript profile

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37 - A review on the role of irisin and adipolin in diabetes and obesity conditions with an exercise approach
Maryam Shojaee Saleh Rahmati

10.30495/pah.2023.2001209.1063

The interplay between irisin, adipolin, physical activity, diabetes, and obesity is a multifaceted and complex issue with important implications for our understanding of metabolic health. Irisin and adipolin are cytokines that are secreted during physical activity. Thes More

The interplay between irisin, adipolin, physical activity, diabetes, and obesity is a multifaceted and complex issue with important implications for our understanding of metabolic health. Irisin and adipolin are cytokines that are secreted during physical activity. These cytokines play an important role in regulating metabolic functions in the body. Irisin, in particular, has received attention for its potential to increase thermogenesis and improve glucose homeostasis. It has been shown that physical activity increases the secretion of irisin, which leads to increased fat burning and energy consumption. Irisin turns white fat tissue into brown and helps to lose weight and prevent obesity. In the field of diabetes, irisin is promising as a potential therapeutic target. Studies have shown that irisin can increase insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cells, which may be beneficial for people with type 2 diabetes. Additionally, irisin has anti-inflammatory properties and reduces chronic low-grade inflammation commonly associated with obesity and diabetes. Adipolin is another myokine associated with metabolic health. Similar to the effects of irisin, adipolin has anti-inflammatory properties and helps to regulate the metabolism of adipose tissue. The purpose of this article is to investigate the role of irisin and adipolin in diabetes and obesity with an exercise approach. Manuscript profile

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38 - Presenting a model of effective factors on managing the prevalence of obesity among students
yasaman ahmadi rahim ramezani nezhad mohammad javad ziya

10.30495/kmsj.2022.1947524.1019

The current study aimed to propose a model of the factors that influenced the management of the prevalence of obesity among students. It was a descriptive-survey study in terms of purpose and was conducted as an applied field study. The population included all teachers More

The current study aimed to propose a model of the factors that influenced the management of the prevalence of obesity among students. It was a descriptive-survey study in terms of purpose and was conducted as an applied field study. The population included all teachers of physical education in Guilan Province, Iran (N=853).The participants required for the sample(100 teachers) were selected using the simple random sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the model proposed by Dowson and Breech that contained items designed according to the 5-point Likert scale. Fifteen professors and experts in the field of physical education investigated and confirmed the face and content validity of the questionnaire. Moreover, the Cronbach’s Alpha reliability of the questionnaire was determined at α=0.84, and its construct (exploratory and confirmatory) validity was investigated and confirmed. Data analysis was conducted using Structured Equation Modeling in PLS3. According to the results of the Freidman test, social-school factors(2.82), parents’ lifestyles (1.91),and students’ characteristics (1.26)had the highest priorities, respectively. Social-school factors, students’ characteristics, and parents’ lifestyles explained 43%, 26%, and 23% of the changes in weight control and obesity, respectively; thus, policymakers and planners in the field of education, headmasters, and physical education teachers can optimally implement social-school factors according to students’ characteristics and adopt plans and strategies to focus on teaching and promoting healthy and dynamic lifestyles among students’ parents so that they may have more successful performance in managing the prevalence of obesity among the students of each climate. Manuscript profile

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39 - Comparing the Effectiveness of Schema Therapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy on Quality of Life and Body Image of Obese Women
shadi pakandish adys kraskyan farhad jomehri

Purpose: Obesity is a rapidly growing health problem in every society. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of schema therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy on quality of life and body image of obese women. Methodology: The research method was More

Purpose: Obesity is a rapidly growing health problem in every society. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of schema therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy on quality of life and body image of obese women. Methodology: The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all women referred to the obesity treatment center of Rasoul Akram Hospital in Tehran in 2019, Among them, 45 people were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly replaced in three equal groups of 15 people. The research instruments included a world health organization quality of life (WHO, 1989) and a multidimensional body-self relations questionnaire (Kash et al., 1997). Subjects in both experimental groups underwent 8 sessions of 90 minutes of treatment once a week. Data analysis was performed by descriptive statistics and repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS/24 software. Findings: The results showed that there is a significant difference between schema therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy with the control group on quality of life and its dimensions and body image and its dimensions in the post-test and follow-up stages (p < 0.05). Also, cognitive-behavioral therapy was more effective than body therapy on improving body image and its dimensions, But there was no significant difference between the effectiveness of the two treatments on quality of life and its dimensions (P>0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results, it can be said that two methods of cognitive-behavioral therapy and schema therapy can be used as effective therapies to improve the quality of life and body image of obese patients in educational and medical settings. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

40 - The Prediction of Health Promoting Lifestyle Based on Sense of Coherence, Psychological Flexibility and Impulsivity in Cardiovascular Disease patients with Obesity
Sepideh Raeisi Nasehi Akram Dehghani Fardin Moradi Manesh Seyed Abbas Haghayegh

Purpose: The aim of this study was to the Prediction of Health Promoting Lifestyle Based on Sense of Coherence, Psychological Flexibility and Impulsivity in Cardiovascular Disease in patients Obesity. Methodology: The research method was correlation using structural equ More

Purpose: The aim of this study was to the Prediction of Health Promoting Lifestyle Based on Sense of Coherence, Psychological Flexibility and Impulsivity in Cardiovascular Disease in patients Obesity. Methodology: The research method was correlation using structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study consisted of all cardiovascular patients with obesity in Tehran in 2018-19, of which 220 people were selected as a sample by stepwise cluster sampling. The research tools were: Walker et al.'s (1987) health-promoting lifestyle, Kimiyaei, et al. (2013), Bond et al.'s flexibility (2011), and Bart's impulsivity (1995), all of which have acceptable validity and reliability. The analysis obtained by the implementation of the questionnaires was performed through the Spss-V24 software at a significance level of 0.05 and using the step-by-step regression test. Results: The findings showed that a sense of cohesion, psychological flexibility and impulsiveness predicted a significant health-promoting lifestyle in obese cardiovascular patients (P <0.05). Conclusion:  Based on the research findings, it is possible to develop appropriate and effective educational programs by identifying the factors affecting the quality of life and mental health of individuals. Keywords: Health Promoting Lifestyle, Sense of Coherence, Psychological Flexibility, Impulsivity, Cardiovascular Disease, patients with Obesity Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

41 - Comparing the Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Group and Group therapy based on Acceptance and Commitment on Appearance Schema in Obese Women without Diet
Jafar Pooyanmehr Mohammad Zareh Neyestanak Fatemeh Sadat Tabatabaei Nejad Hassan Khoshakhlagh

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy group and group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on appearance schema in obese women without diet. Methodology: It was a quasi-experimental research design o More

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy group and group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on appearance schema in obese women without diet. Methodology: It was a quasi-experimental research design of pre-test-post-test and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all women with a body mass index above 30 who referred to Noor Nutrition and Obesity Treatment Clinic in the city of Ray in the year 1400. The sample size includes 45 people (30 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group) from the statistical population were selected by available sampling method and divided into two experimental groups and one control group. For the first experimental group, cognitive behavioral therapy and for the second experimental group, acceptance and commitment group therapy was implemented, while the control group did not receive training. The research tool included the appearance schema questionnaire (Kash, Melnik and Harbosky, 2004). The data was analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measures. Findings: The results showed that both treatments had an effect on reducing the appearance of obese women without diet (P<0.001) and the change in scores was stable in the follow-up phase. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that cognitive behavioral group therapy and group therapy based on acceptance and commitment improve the appearance schema in obese women without a diet. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

42 - Comparing the Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Group and Group therapy based on Acceptance and Commitment to Appearance Schema in Obese Women without Diet
Jafar Pooyanmehr, Mohammad Zareh Neyestanak Fatemeh Sadat Tabatabaei Nejad Hassan Khoshakhlagh

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy group and group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on appearance schema in obese women without diet. Methodology: It was a quasi-experimental research design More

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy group and group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on appearance schema in obese women without diet. Methodology: It was a quasi-experimental research design of pre-test-post-test and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all women with a body mass index above 30 who referred to Noor Nutrition and Obesity Treatment Clinic in the city of Ray in the year 1400. The sample size includes 45 people (30 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group) from the statistical population were selected by available sampling method and divided into two experimental groups and one control group. For the first experimental group, cognitive behavioral therapy and for the second experimental group, acceptance and commitment group therapy was implemented, while the control group did not receive training. The research tool included the appearance schema questionnaire (Kash, Melnik and Harbosky, 2004). The data was analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measures. Findings: The results showed that both treatments had an effect on reducing the appearance of obese women without diet (P<0.001) and the change in scores was stable in the follow-up phase. Conclusion: According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that cognitive behavioral group therapy and group therapy based on acceptance and commitment improve the appearance schema in obese women without a diet. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

43 - Effect of eight weeks circuit resistance training on serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Factors Atherogenic in obese men
Marzieh Ashkanifar Seyedmahmoud Hejazi Rambod Khajeie Amir Rashidlamir

Introduction: Overweight and obesity are the most common metabolic disease in the world and cause or exacerbate many of the diseases that are associated with reduced quality of life. Exercise training increases skeletal muscle capillary density, but the molecular mechan More

Introduction: Overweight and obesity are the most common metabolic disease in the world and cause or exacerbate many of the diseases that are associated with reduced quality of life. Exercise training increases skeletal muscle capillary density, but the molecular mechanisms of this process are not yet clear. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of eight weeks circuit resistance training on serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Factors Atherogenic of fat in obese men. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 22 obese men were randomly divided into two groups of exercise and control. Training program was consists of three sessions per week for eight weeks with intensity between 60 to 80 percent of 1RM. Venous blood samples the pre-test and post-test for measured of VEGF and Factors Atherogenic was used. Data were analyzed by ANOVA test using SPSS software version 23. Results: The results showed that VEGF levels increased from 1628.75 to 1762.93, which Evaluation of intergroup changes was significantly higher in the exercise group compared to the control group (p <0.001). The results showed that Factors Atherogenic which Evaluation of intergroup changes was significantly decrees in the exercise group compared to the control group (p <0.001).Conclusion: circuit resistance training can increase levels of SIRT1 and PGC-1α, and reduce weight and fat percentage. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

44 - The effect of edible mushroom vinegar (Agaricus bisporus) on fat metabolism in obese rats caused by overeating
farhang moraghebi Hamid Reza Samadikhah

10.30495/zisti.2023.1992158.1168

Abstract Introduction:Fat is one of the most important components of human diet. The human body needs fats to perform its daily activities. In case of eating a lot of carbohydrates, inactivity or genetic factors, some people have obesity problem. Obesity and overweight More

Abstract Introduction:Fat is one of the most important components of human diet. The human body needs fats to perform its daily activities. In case of eating a lot of carbohydrates, inactivity or genetic factors, some people have obesity problem. Obesity and overweight are relatively dangerous diseases. The production of vinegar from various materials has been of interest for a long time, and it is used as an effective drink for weight loss. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of vinegar prepared from button mushrooms on obesity. Methods: 12 eight-week-old male Wistar rats became obese during 4 weeks with high feeding and low exercise. The effect of edible mushroom vinegar during 2 weeks on obesity with three treatments (control group (VS) boiled vinegar group ml2 (V1), boiled vinegar group ml 1 (V2) and raw vinegar group ml 2 (V3) per kilogram of weight) was investigated. Vinegar treatment was directly entered into the stomach of rats with the help of long gavage needles. Results: All treatments caused significant (p<0.01) weight loss. A number of genes effective in the production of fat in the liver were investigated. Increasing GLUT4 gene expression was effective in preventing lipogenesis in all treatments of obese rats with overeating. The increase in PPAR gene expression was not significant. Increasing the expression of Adiponectin gene was effective in increasing lipolysis in all treatments of obese rats with overeating, While the increase in LPL gene expression was not significant. All 3 mushroom vinegar treatments had a positive effect on the reduction of renal enzymes ALT and ALP. V2 treatment of mushroom vinegar reduced cholesterol and triglycerides. Discussion: It was found that edible mushroom vinegar causes weight loss and also has positive protective effects on the liver. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

45 - The effect of eight weeks of water-based training on myonectin serum level, Lipid profile and fat percentage in overweight and obese women
Sadegh Cheragh Birjandi Sara Asghari katayoon azizi

10.30495/nssem.2023.1999855.1013

AbstractBackground and Aims: Myonectin is a newly known myokine that is secreted from skeletal muscle and is related to the metabolic status of the body, The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of eight weeks of water-based training on myonectin serum More

AbstractBackground and Aims: Myonectin is a newly known myokine that is secreted from skeletal muscle and is related to the metabolic status of the body, The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of eight weeks of water-based training on myonectin serum level, lipid profile and fat percentage in overweight and obese women.Methods: 20 obese and overweight women with an average age of 22.5 years and an average body mass index of 26.48 kg/m2 were randomly selected and then divided into experimental (n=10) and control (n=10) groups. The exercise group did their exercises for eight weeks (three sessions per week), each exercise session was 60 minutes and included three stages. 24 hours before the first training session and 48 hours after the last session, blood sampling from the brachial vein was taken (10 ml) from the subjects in the condition of 12 hours of fasting. Statistical analysis was done at the significance level of P≤0.05 with SPSS software.Results: Data analysis showed that eight weeks of water-based training increased the serum levels of myonectin (p=0.037) and HDL (p=0.028) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Also, the amount of cholesterol (p=0.000) and triglyceride (P=0.001) decreased significantly in the experimental group, but the difference in LDL index after eight weeks of training between the two groups was not significant (P=0.131).Conclusion: Therefore, it seems that water-based training can be effective and used for overweight and obese women. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

46 - Effect of High Intensity Interval Training on MiR-193b and Insulin Resistance Index in Diabetic Rats
Masoud Alizadeh Najmeh Rezaeian

miRNA are emerging as important regulators of key biological processes and involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases such as Type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the Purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of six weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT More

miRNA are emerging as important regulators of key biological processes and involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases such as Type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the Purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of six weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on adipose tissue levels of MiR-193b and insulin resistance index in male diabetic rats with high fat diet and streptozotocin. Twenty male wistar rat (10-12 weeks old, 370/25±13/76 gr) selected and following the induction of type 2 diabetes, the diabetic rats were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The rats in the experimental group participated in six weeks of high intensity interval training of running on a treadmill with 40 seconds of repetitions with 2 seconds of active rest between each repetition, 30 minutes per session and five sessions per week. All rats were dissected 48 hours after the last training session and the blood indices were evaluated using appropriate laboratory methods. Data analysis were done using independent and paired t-test and Pearson's correlation test at a significance level of less than 0.05. Results: Adipose tissue levels of MiR-193b following six weeks of HIIT in experimental group were higher than control group; whereas, levels of insulin and fasting blood glucose , insulin resistance index and body weight were in the experimental group compared to the control group. Furthermore, Six weeks of high intensity interval training in experimental group caused in significant decreases in body weight in post- test compared to pre- test . Moreover, according to the Pearson correlation test, there were negative significant correlations between the changes in levels of adipose tissue levels of MiR-193b following HIIT and changes in body weight (P=0.038). Six weeks of HIIT play role in improving insulin resistance by increasing the MiR-193b levels in addition to improve body composition. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

47 - Compare academic self-efficacy and academic performance between obese and overweight, and normal male students in the high schools
Abbas Anisan Soghra Gavam Ata Allah Porabasi Reza Ensian

This study academic self-efficacy and academic performance compare between male students of obese and overweight and normal high school of bushehr City. In this study use of causal- comparative method. Statistical population were all high school student bushehr City. Th More

This study academic self-efficacy and academic performance compare between male students of obese and overweight and normal high school of bushehr City. In this study use of causal- comparative method. Statistical population were all high school student bushehr City. This study select 120 obese, overweight and normal student with cluster sampling method and use of Study-efficacy questionnaire Mac Aylrvy Bantyng and academic performance and its data were analyzed with MANOVA and univariate tests. In the present study There are between academic self-efficacy significant difference between obese and overweight and normal student in the levels of Sig= 0/001. Weight effect "action significant" has been 0/57 for self-efficacy. There are significant difference in the average between obese and overweight and normal student in the levels of Sig= 0/001, However, there are not significant difference between their absence. Results showed that students who were overweight or obese had more weakness in academic self-efficacy and academic performance than students with normal weight. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

48 - The role of emotion regulation and self-efficacy in predicting eating behavior in obese middle-aged women
Zeynab Shirzadi Mohammadreza Seirafi Mehrdad Sabet

10.30495/jwsf.2021.1931135.1575

Behavior is a general term that describes a person's attitude and its relationship with eating and food and is the result of environmental, physiological and psychological factors. ‌ The present study aimed to study the prediction of eating behavior based on emotion reg More

Behavior is a general term that describes a person's attitude and its relationship with eating and food and is the result of environmental, physiological and psychological factors. ‌ The present study aimed to study the prediction of eating behavior based on emotion regulation And self-efficacy was assessed in obese women. The present study was a correlational description in terms of basic purpose and in terms of data collection method, which required information through the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (1986), Gross Emotion Regulation (2003), Scherer Self-Efficacy (1982) and information. Demographics were collected. Through available sampling, according to Green formula (1991), 100 obese women aged 35 to 50 years with a body mass index above 30 who referred to diet therapy centers and sports clubs in Ferdis in the spring and summer of 1998 Were, were selected and completed the questionnaires. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22 using stepwise multivariate regression analysis. The results showed that there is no significant relationship between emotion regulation and eating behavior. Meanwhile, there is a negative and significant relationship between self-efficacy and eating behavior with accepting an error of less than 0.1% (P <0.001). Among the components of self-efficacy, the most important role belonged to the subscale "desire to initiate behavior" and the role of the subscale "different in facing obstacles" and the subscale "desire to expand effort" are in the second and third place, respectively. As a result, it can be said that self-efficacy factors are one of the factors affecting obesity and it is recommended to pay attention to these variables in obesity prevention and treatment programs. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

49 - Predicting Mental Vitality Based on Attachment Styles Mediated by Psychological Capital in Women with High Body Mass Index
Katayoon Maghazehee Mahdi Zare bahramabadi Fariborz Bagheri

10.30495/jwsf.2022.1953212.1685

One of the psychological needs of human beings is mental vitality, which has a major impact on people's lives. The aim of this study was to predict mental vitality based on attachment styles mediated by psychological capital in women with high body mass index. The prese More

One of the psychological needs of human beings is mental vitality, which has a major impact on people's lives. The aim of this study was to predict mental vitality based on attachment styles mediated by psychological capital in women with high body mass index. The present study was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all women members of the Anonymous Eating Association in Tehran between 1398 and 1400. The sampling method in this study was non-random and available. The sample size was 200 people. Data collection was used by Deci and Ryan's Subjective Vitality Scale (1977), Luthans's Psychological Capital Questionnaire (2007) and Collins and Reed's revised adult attachment scale (1990). Path analysis method was used to analyze the data. Findings showed that mental vitality is predicted based on attachment styles mediated by psychological capital in women with high body mass index. Attachment styles and psychological capital include resilience, hope, optimism, and self-efficacy.Conflict of interest: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this manuscript. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

50 - The Effect of Eight Weeks of Anaerobic Interval Training on the Body Composition Indices of Inactive Obese Women
Elham Elahi Mehran Ghahramani Parisa Banaei

10.30495/varzesh.2021.1918097.1000

Introduction: In recent years, the prevalence of obesity and overweight among untrained men and women has grown significantly and has now become a serious problem in the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of anaerobic interval trainin More

Introduction: In recent years, the prevalence of obesity and overweight among untrained men and women has grown significantly and has now become a serious problem in the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of anaerobic interval training on body composition indices in inactive obese women. Materials and methods: As an applied research, the present quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design was conducted with two groups of anaerobic interval training and control, in which data were collected through a field study. The statistical sample of the study included 24 obese women over 40 years of age who were assigned into two groups including anaerobic interval training group and control group. Anaerobic interval training was performed for 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week and 25 minutes per session. Before the start of the study and 48 hours after the last training session, body fat percentage, body fat mass, lean body mass and body mass index were measured. Statistical analysis of the findings was performed using independent and dependent samples t-test at a significance level of P <0.05. Findings: Eight weeks of anaerobic interval training has a significant effect on reducing body fat percentage and body mass index as well as increasing lean body mass (P≥0.05). Conclusion: It seems that eight weeks of anaerobic interval training improves the body composition of inactive obese women. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

51 - The Effect of Vitamin E Supplementation on Atherogenic and Lipid Peroxidation Responses Induced by Interval Training in Obese Male Wistar Rats
Fatemeh Hosseini reza rezaeeshirazi Saeed Ghorbani Abuzar Jorbonian

10.30495/varzesh.2021.1940733.1023

Introduction: Obesity causes high disorders as increasing atherogenic index and physical activity is able to control obesity that can possibly increase lipid peroxidation. Therefore, the study was performed to evaluate the effect of vitamin E supplementation on atheroge More

Introduction: Obesity causes high disorders as increasing atherogenic index and physical activity is able to control obesity that can possibly increase lipid peroxidation. Therefore, the study was performed to evaluate the effect of vitamin E supplementation on atherogenic and lipid peroxidation responses induced by interval training in obese male Wistar rats.Materials and methods: The present study was a laboratory experimental method. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into four groups: training (TG; N=8), supplementation (SG; N=8), training with supplementation (TSG; N=8), and Control (CG; N=8). The interval training consisted of 30 minutes running on treadmill per day, 5 days a week, for 8 weeks. Vitamin E supplementation was also available daily with 300 mg/g of body weight along with drinking water in SG. Finding: The finding revealed a significant decrease between TSG compared with CG in MDA (p=0.010), AIP (p=0.001), TC (p=0.001), TG (p=0.001) and LDL-C (p=0.001) variables. Also, MDA variable a significant decrease between TSG compared with TG (p=0.001). A significant decrease between TG compared with CG and SG in AIP (p=0.031), TC (p=0.024), TG (p=0.012) and LDL-C (p=0.010) variables were observed; while HDL-C variable showed a significant increase between TSG compared with CG (p=0.024) and TG compared with CG (p=0.031) (p≤0.05).Discussion and Conclusion: Vitamin E supplementation can improve atherogenic index and by increasing of antioxidant system causes reduce exercise-induced lipid peroxidation in obese rats; while the positive effects of improving body composition and controlling obesity were achieved to exercise. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

52 - Review the Effect of High Intensity Interval Training on Obesity- Related Hormones
Tohid Mabhout Moghadam Mohammad Mosaferi Ziaaldini Mehrdad Fathi Seyed Reza Attarzadeh Hoseini

10.30495/varzesh.2020.677981

Abstract Introduction: Nowadays, obesity is one of the health problems in the world, the incidence of which is spreading. In recent years, with the spread of obesity and metabolic complications caused by obesity, much scientific attention has been paid to the study of a More

Abstract Introduction: Nowadays, obesity is one of the health problems in the world, the incidence of which is spreading. In recent years, with the spread of obesity and metabolic complications caused by obesity, much scientific attention has been paid to the study of adipose tissue. Today, adipose tissue is not considered a static tissue that stores only energy, but is considered a metabolically active tissue. Like the glandular system, metabolic tissues secrete various secretory factors that have auto, para and endocrine functions depending on the extracellular environment. Environmental factors such as diet, physical activity, and metabolic status are the main causes of overweight and obesity; in turn overweight and obesity are also affected by genetic traits. As a general rule, excess body fat is the result of a long-term imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. Conclusion: Proper selection of exercises is an important factor in changing the lifestyle of obese children and adolescents and is an effective indicator in the control and treatment of obesity. Physical activity creates a negative energy balance due to increased energy consumption. Recent research suggests that high intensity interval training (HIIT) creates a temporary state of anorexia that delays hunger for a short time after exercise, but this effect is short-term. On the other hand, HIIT plays a role in the changing energy consumption through changes in hunger and appetite signals as well as regulatory peptides at the levels of short to long-term signals in obese individuals. This review article discusses the effectiveness of HIIT in obese people. Keywords: Obesity, High Intensity Interval Training, Hormone   Extended Abstract Introduction Recent advances in obesity research have shown that genetic mutations do not justify the growing trend of obesity, and that environmental factors and lifestyles are more effective. Although some people may be prone to obesity and related diseases as a result of genetic factors, it is not the only cause of obesity, and there are other determinants of the condition (1). Today, the obesity index is expanding due to the change in modern lifestyle, which indicates an increase in calorie intake and a decrease in physical activity, and it is believed that the cause of obesity is really complex and vague and is not well known (5). Several peptides released by peripheral tissues interact with specific areas of the brain, and the secreting neurons release anti-appetite or appetizing neuropeptides that are involved in controlling nutritional behavior and energy consumption patterns (7). Environmental signals can be divided into two main parts: a) appetite-suppressing signals, such as leptin and peptide PYY3-36, which are involved in long-term energy balance regulation and directly in responding to changes in body proportions, b) appetite increasing signals, such as agouti-related protein (AgRp < /em>) and ghrelin, that are involved in acute control of nutritional behavior (8, 9). Recent research suggests that high intensity interval training (HIIT) creates a transient anorexia nervosa that delays the feeling of hunger for a short time after exercise, but this effect is short-term. By focusing on HIIT, one can see the possibility of changing energy consumption through changes in hunger and appetite signals as well as regulatory peptides from short to long signal levels (17). In this article, first, the mechanism of action of hormones affecting appetite is explained and then the effect of HIIT on the response of these hormones is discussed.   Appetite-suppressing hormones Leptin Leptin is an adipokine secreted from adipose tissue which is a major regulator of inflammatory status and glucose and fat metabolism and can be resistant to insulin (18). Leptin levels are directly related to the body's fat stores and respond to changes in the body's energy balance. Leptin levels in obese children and adolescents are 4 to 5 times higher than in peers who arein normal weight (22, 23).   Peptide PYY3-36 Peptide PYY3-36 is associated with short-term appetite which has been observed at different ages of obesity. This anorexigenic peptide covers a wide range of peptides involved in food absorption regulation. PYY is presented in two main forms, PYY3-36 (biologically active form and effective in satiety) and PYY1-36, though many studies have reported total PYY (30). PYY3-36 is released from L cells, especially in the small distal intestine, and is stored at high levels for several hours after eating (34). After absorbing nutrients, the presence of nutrients in the duodenum probably releases a nerve signal or sputum into the distal river that plays an important role in the initial release of PYY3-36, and is then accompanied by direct stimulation of L cells in the ileum. (35). Although some of these peptides are produced and secreted in the brain and hypothalamus, the production of the central and peripheral nervous system and its activities indicate parallel paths in moderating nutritional behavior (36).   Appetite increasing hormones Agouti-related protein (AgRp < /strong>) The Agouti-related protein (AgRp < /em>) gene is a candidate for obesity (52) and an appetizing and stimulating appetite-enhancing peptide .It is involved in nutritional behavior or weight regulation and energy homeostasis, and its plasma levels are higher in obese individuals (53, 54).   Studies have shown that physical activity under normal conditions causes overeating by receiving energy and stimulating Y neuropeptide activity and the Agouti-related protein (AgRp < /em>) in the hypothalamus (8, 55). The negative energy balance for stimulating appetite and increasing food absorption depends on the severity, duration and the type of the exercise, the initial amount of fuel resources and nutritional status (57). Hunger and exercise increase appetite and lead to an increase in negative energy balance and the amount of appetite-increasing hypothalamic and extra-hypothalamic peptides including the agouti-related protein and neuropeptide Y (55, 58).   Ghrelin Ghrelin is a 28-amino acid peptide derived from its precursor, preheproghrelin, which contains 117 amino acids. The ghrelin sequence is located immediately after the 23 amino acids associated with the peptide sign. To detect the hormone, a group of octanivil has been added to the serine amino acid ghrelin No. 3 which is required by the recipient (59). Ghrelin is a hormone that affects the feeling of hunger and long-term regulation of body weight. This peptide hormone is secreted from the gastrointestinal tract, especially the stomach, and plays an important role in increasing the absorption of food and fat mass (61). The findings show that the expression of the ghrelin gene increases during starvation and decreases during satiety. In fact, the plasma levels of ghrelin decrease during positive energy balance and increase during negative energy balance (63). Most studies have shown that fasting ghrelin levels decrease with age (37, 38) and puberty growth in childhood and adolescence (65).   High intensity interval training (HIIT) HIIT is a style of training that is attributed to repeated bouts with relatively short interval activities with high intensity or intensity close to the one  obtained by Vo2peak (68). Due to the intensity of the training, an HIIT bout may last from a few seconds to several minutes, and various bouts are separated by a few minutes of rest with low-intensity activity (69). There is ample evidence that HIIT has a wide range of cardiovascular and metabolic benefits (increased cardiovascular fitness, mitochondrial biogenesis, increased expression of glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) levels, and insulin sensitivity) as long-term continuous training or even more (71 -74). These can help oxidize much body fat. In this regard, various studies have shown that HIIT can be a cost-effective method of body weight management in obese and overweight people (75, 76). Recent research shows that HIIT creates a state of transient anorexia that delays the feeling of hunger for a short time after exercise, but this effect is short-term. This training also plays a role in changing energy consumption through changes in hunger and appetite signals as well as regulatory peptides at short to long signal levels (17). The regulation of energy balance following HIIT involves an organized action and reaction between the central nervous system (CNS) and various organs that is effective in establishing energy homeostasis (54). On the other hand, producing a negative energy balance through exercise may trigger behavioral stimulation to compensate for nutrition which in turn can neutralize the energy loss caused by activity and can alter its effects on weight loss (79). In general, much of the evidence points to the increased levels of fasting ghrelin with weight loss from training. These results show that weight loss affected by training plays a role in normalizing fasting ghrelin levels in obese individuals (86, 90, 91).   Conclusion Most of studies show that HIIT delays the feeling of hunger by creating a state of transient anorexia for a short time after exercise and plays a role by changing the signals of hunger and appetite as well as regulatory peptides from short to long term signal levels.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

53 - Obesity and overweight and its relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent girls
اکرم اصفهانی نیا shadmehr mirdar harijani

20.1001.1.27834603.1400.1.1.6.9

The purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of obesity and overweight and its relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent girls in Aliabad Katoul city. The research method of this research is descriptive and inferential which has been conducted i More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of obesity and overweight and its relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent girls in Aliabad Katoul city. The research method of this research is descriptive and inferential which has been conducted in the field. The population of the study includes 1816 girl students aged 12 to 14 years which 316 students were selected as a sample based on Udinsky table. To estimate the maximum oxygen consumption, a 20-meter shuttle run test was used, Body Mass Index was used to calculate obesity and overweight and subcutaneous fat thickness was used to calculate body fat percentage. Subcutaneous fat thickness was measured at three points in the triceps, calf, and subscapular by a Harponden caliper. Pearson correlation method was used to investigate the relationship between obesity and overweight with cardiorespiratory fitness.Findings showed that the percentage of body fat in adolescent girls’ students increased with age. The findings also showed a decrease in cardiorespiratory fitness of girls’ students with age. According to the results of the study, it is suggested that families, physical education teachers and education officials in schools to include regular activities to improve the respiratory fitness and reduce fatness and overweight of students in their program. In addition, programs increase parents 'awareness about their children's physical condition, solve the problems of overweight and obesity, and improve students' cardiorespiratory fitness. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

54 - Gut microbiota and obesity; Investigating the effectiveness of exercise training and diet
fatemeh islami

Obesity is a major global health problem determined by genetic and environmental factors, and its incidence is increasing yearly. In recent years, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been shown to be closely linked to obesity. The purpose of this review was to investiga More

Obesity is a major global health problem determined by genetic and environmental factors, and its incidence is increasing yearly. In recent years, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been shown to be closely linked to obesity. The purpose of this review was to investigate the characteristics of gut microbiota in obesity, the mechanism of obesity caused by gut microbiota, and the effect of exercise and diet. For this purpose, Sid.ir and Magiran.Com databases as well as the system of scientific and research publications approved by the Ministry of Science in the field of sport sciences were searched for domestic articles from 1380 to 1401. The keywords used for searching were "obesity" or "diet" or "overweight" or "weight loss" and or "exercise training" combined with "gut microbiota". For foreign articles between 2000 and 20223, PubMed, Megapaper, and Google Scholar databases were used. The searched keywords were "obesity" or "diet" or "overweight" or "weight loss" and or "exercise training" combined with "gut microbiota". The results indicate that gut microbiota induce the occurrence and development of obesity by increasing host energy absorption, increasing central appetite, enhancing fat storage, contributing to chronic inflammation, and regulating circadian rhythms. Akkermansia muciniphylla abundance has also been shown to inversely correlate with obesity and related metabolic disorders. Our findings indicate that exercise training is another important factor in the relationship between the microbiota, host immunity and host metabolism, with diet playing an important role., Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

55 - The Effect of Spirulina Supplement Along with Aerobic, Resistance and High Intensity Interval Training Exercises on Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
mahla jahangir anahita mancher

Nowadays, obesity is one of the biggest challenges and struggles that the public health faces, which is one of the key reasons for the occurrence of many diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Hence, the purpose of this review study is to investigate the effect of various ex More

Nowadays, obesity is one of the biggest challenges and struggles that the public health faces, which is one of the key reasons for the occurrence of many diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Hence, the purpose of this review study is to investigate the effect of various exercise trainings along with spirulina supplementation on weight loss in type 2 diabetes. For this purpose, the keywords "Spirulina" in combination with "Aerobic exercise", "Resistance exercise", "Intense intermittent training" and "Type 2 diabetes" were searched for persian articles. The keywords used to search for foreign articles were "Spirulina" and "Type 2 diabetes" in combination with "High-intensity interval training", "Aerobic training" and "Resistance training". Which were searched in reliable databases such as Sid.ir, Magiran.com, Google scholar and Mega paper from 2001 to 2023. The results indicate that aerobic exercises with spirulina supplementation have led to a decrease in resistin levels, improvement in lipid profile and metabolic status. Also, resistance training along with spirulina supplement leads to increase in irisin levels, decrease in lipocalin-2, decrease in low-density lipoproteins, weight loss, and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) along with this supplement reduces muscle atrophy and lost weight. Therefore, to control or prevent type 2 diabetes, spirulina supplement can be used along with exercise trainings. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

56 - The effect of eight weeks of combined training on Copeptin levels and body fat percentage of obese women
Bahman Hasanvand

The effect of eight weeks of combined training on Copeptin levels and body fat percentage of obese women Abstract Introduction: Obesity is related to diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, liver disease, kidney failure, and various types of cance More

The effect of eight weeks of combined training on Copeptin levels and body fat percentage of obese women Abstract Introduction: Obesity is related to diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, liver disease, kidney failure, and various types of cancer. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of eight weeks of combined exercises on copeptin levels and body fat percentage of obese women. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, which was conducted with a pre-test-post-test design, 30 obese women (body mass index above 30 kg/m2) with an age range of 20 to 35 years were selected as available and in 2 groups of 15 people were combined and controlled. Blood samples were collected in two pre-test and post-test stages (after 8 weeks of training). The training protocol consisted of 2 weeks of combined exercises performed three sessions per week in two sections of rope training and resistance training with elastic. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance with repeated measures. Results: The results showed that combined exercise significantly increased the copeptin of obese women (P <0.001). Other results also showed that combined exercise significantly reduced the percentage of body fat in obese women (P <0.0001). Discussion and Conclusion: In general, the present results indicated that obese women by using combined exercises can probably prevent the inflammatory stress caused by sports activities and its subsequent consequences. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

57 - Effects of garlic and stevia extract along with endurance activity on anxiety-like behaviors of male Wistar rats induced obesity with high-fat diet
Mahsa Taleshi reza rezaeeshirazi Javad Ziaolhagh Habib Asgharpour

Aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of supplementation of garlic and stevia extract along with endurance activity on anxiety-like behaviors of male Wistar rats induced obesity with a high-fat diet. In this fundamental and experimental research, in ord More

Aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of supplementation of garlic and stevia extract along with endurance activity on anxiety-like behaviors of male Wistar rats induced obesity with a high-fat diet. In this fundamental and experimental research, in order to induce obesity, 50 three-week-old male Wistar rats were exposed to a high-fat diet for 12 weeks, and then in 7 healthy control groups (HC), obese (HFD), garlic (G), stevia (St), aerobic (ET), garlic+aerobic (ET+G) and stevia+aerobic (ET+St) were randomly divided. Aerobic exercises including 30 minutes a day, 8 m/min and 5 days a week and garlic and stevia extract with a concentration of 250 mg/kg were also added to the water consumed daily. Cross-maze test was used to measure anxiety-like behaviors. ANOVA was used to determine the difference between groups and a significance level of 0.05 was considered. The results showed that the percentage of entering the open arm in the 12 weeks of high-fat diet in the obese group compared to the control group was significantly reduced (P=0.001) and in the 8 weeks exposed to exercise and extract interventions, the ET group (0.001) P=0), ET+G (P=0.001) and ET + St (P=0.001), had a significant increase compared to the HFD group. The present study showed that induction of obesity increases anxiety in male Wistar rats and it seems that the combination of aerobic exercise with garlic extract, the combination of aerobic exercise and stevia extract, aerobic exercise, stevia and garlic are effective in improving this process. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

58 - استفاده سنتی از ( Efó Wòròwó (Solanecio biafrae برای کاهش وزن و چربی
ماتیو اولانیان

Background & Aim: Èfó Wòròwó (Solanecio biafrae) an important vegetable in Nigeria has many health benefits non-scientific claims in herbal practice. This work was designed to evaluate the traditional application of Èf& More

Background & Aim: Èfó Wòròwó (Solanecio biafrae) an important vegetable in Nigeria has many health benefits non-scientific claims in herbal practice. This work was designed to evaluate the traditional application of Èfó Wòròwó (Solanecio biafrae) to reduce weight and fats in pre-obesity. Experimental:31 pre-obese individuals (35-70 years; females – 20; Males - 11) with BMI of 27 ± 4.0 kg/m2 who were not on any fat or weight reduction medication and 45 age-matched non-obese volunteers with BMI of 19 ± 2.0 kg/m2 were investigated as control test and control subjects respectively. Plasma cholesterol and triglycerides were measured by spectrophotometry method while BMI was determined by standard method. Results: There was a significantly lower BMI, plasma Total cholesterol and triglycerides in pre-obese subjects after treatment than before treatment (p<0.05). There was a significantly higher total cholesterol, BMI and plasma total triglycerides in pre-obese subjects before treatment than the results obtained in the control subjects (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in plasma  total cholesterol, BMI and plasma total triglycerides in pre-obese subjects after  treatment compared with the results obtained in the control subjects (p>0.05). Recommended applications/industries: This work confirms the traditional health benefit claim of Èfó Wòròwó (Solaneciobiafrae) at reducing plasma total cholesterol, BMI and plasma total triglycerides in pre-obese subjects. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

59 - Expression of Toll-Like Receptor4 (TLR4) in Pancreas of Obese Chicken
S.K. Pathak P. Suvaneeth E. Raja Ravi Teja

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Open Access Article

60 - Psychopathological Explanation of Obesity in Adolescent Girls on the basis of Sensory Processing Patterns
Alaleh Taheri Mohamad Ali Mazaheri Abbas Zabihzadeh

The aim of this study was a psychopathological explanation of obesity in adolescents based on sensory processing patterns which were carried out in the population of 15 to 19-year-old girls living in Tehran. Participants in this study consisted of 50 girls who their bod More

The aim of this study was a psychopathological explanation of obesity in adolescents based on sensory processing patterns which were carried out in the population of 15 to 19-year-old girls living in Tehran. Participants in this study consisted of 50 girls who their body mass index was above 95 percentiles for the obese group and 50 girls with BMI between 25 and 75 percentiles for the normal-weight group (according to the World Health Organization's tables illustrating cut-offs and BMI domains). Adolescents/Adult Sensory Profile was chosen as the data collecting instrument. Findings from the MANOVA and chi-square test showed that sensory avoiding pattern was a pattern with the most frequency and higher mean among obese adolescents. The sensory sensitivity style demonstrated a marginally significant difference between the two groups. The sensory seeking style was the dominant pattern in the non-obese group. The low registration style was not dominant in any of the groups. By identifying sensory processing patterns, the threshold of receiving stimuli, and common way of responding, prediction of behavioral patterns, and designing suitable strategies could be attainable. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

61 - Emotional Eating and Self-Compassion in People with Obesity: The Mediating Role of Emotional Processing
Ashraf Babakhanloo Seyyed Abbas Haghayegh Fardin Moradi Manesh Akram Dehghani

This study aimed to investigate the structural model of emotional eating and self-compassion in people with obesity with the mediating role of emotional processing. The study method was cross-sectional and Correlational. A total of 378 (136 males, 242 females) obes More

This study aimed to investigate the structural model of emotional eating and self-compassion in people with obesity with the mediating role of emotional processing. The study method was cross-sectional and Correlational. A total of 378 (136 males, 242 females) obese individuals were selected by stage sampling method. All the participants responded to Emotional Eating Questionnaire (Dach, 1986), Self-Compassion Questionnaire (Reese & Neff, 2011), and Emotional Processing Questionnaire (Baker, Thomas, Gore, Santonastazo, & Whiteley, 2010). Structural equation modeling was used to answer the research hypotheses. The results showed that there was a significant direct and negative relationship between self-compassion and emotional eating, a significant indirect and negative relationship between self-compassion and emotional processing, and a significant indirect and negative relationship between emotional processing with emotional eating. It can be concluded from the results that self-compassion affects emotional eating through emotional processing. Therefore, the present study demonstrates the importance of self-compassion and emotional processing in emotional eating in people with obesity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

62 - Eating Habits of Early Years of Life and Attachment Styles Among Obese Girls
Roya Kazemi Shaghayegh Zahraie Gholamreza Dehshiri

the aim of current study was to compare eating habits of early years of life and attachment styles of obese girls with normal weight girls.One hundred and fifty students with normal weight and 150 obese students were selected from Rafsanjan, Iran using purposive samplin More

the aim of current study was to compare eating habits of early years of life and attachment styles of obese girls with normal weight girls.One hundred and fifty students with normal weight and 150 obese students were selected from Rafsanjan, Iran using purposive sampling method. The participants’ age range was between 9 and 11 years.  The participants completed the Demographic Questionnaire, the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (Musher-Eizenman, 2007), and the Inventory of Parent Attachment (Gullone & Robinson, 2005). The results  of independent-samples t test indicated significant differences between the two groups in scores of  the Feeding Practices subscales (such as child control, emotion regulation with food, encourage balance/ variety, food as a reward, involvement, pressure to eat, restriction for health, restriction for weight). No differences were found between the groups in the scores of attachment styles. The two groups had different birth weight. The obese girls’ parents had higher BMI than normal girls’ parents. The findings can be used in understanding childhood obesity, obesity prevention, and designing therapeutic interventions. The findings suggested that certain eating habit can be modified through culturally appropriate training. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

63 - The effect of Sargassum muticum hot water and ethanolic extracts on intestinal microbiota in obese male rats
vahideh zarrin tahereh talaei mohamadreza taherizadeh Nader Tanideh

10.30495/jmw.2022.1953186.2016

Background & Objectives: Intestinal microbiota plays a key role in the overall function of the host, including host metabolism and obesity. In addition, due to their high fiber content, seaweed can regulate the intestinal microbial flora by stimulating the growth of More

Background & Objectives: Intestinal microbiota plays a key role in the overall function of the host, including host metabolism and obesity. In addition, due to their high fiber content, seaweed can regulate the intestinal microbial flora by stimulating the growth of beneficial bacteria and    inhibiting the growth of harmful species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of       Sargassum muticum on the intestinal microbial flora in obese rats.Materials & Methods: Rats were fed with hot water (HW) and ethanolic(E) extracts of  Sargassum muticum for 8 weeks, then intestinal microorganisms were analyzed through 16S) rRNA sequencing in all groups.Results: The distribution ratio of intestinal microorganisms showed that Bacteroides and            Firmicutes are the dominant phyla in the intestine of rats. Analysis of microorganisms showed that obesity-related bacteria decreased and slimming-related genus increased in all treated groups. Clostridium was the predominant genus with pathogenic potential and Lactobacillus was the    predominant genus in the lactic acid group. In addition, seaweed-extracts-feeding obese mice had weight loss and reduced food intake compared with the obese control group.Conclusion: Our results show that the consumption of  Sargassum muticum seaweed in the daily diet can balance the intestinal microbiota and also due to its high fiber, these seaweeds can cause weight loss in mice.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

64 - The Assessment of Relationship between Excessive Weight Gain and Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnant Women – Larestan- 1387-88
Mehdi Ebadi Fatemeh Rahmanian

Background and Objectives: Obesity is one of the most important complication and risk factor for many diseases. Females at any ages except infant are at more risk for urinary tract infections than male. The aim of this study is assessment of relationship between excessi More

Background and Objectives: Obesity is one of the most important complication and risk factor for many diseases. Females at any ages except infant are at more risk for urinary tract infections than male. The aim of this study is assessment of relationship between excessive weight gain and UTI. Material and Methods: This cross sectional study was performed on 200 of all pregnant women with UTI who referred to a governmental clinic in Larestan in 2009. All of them fulfill the questionnaires and then divided according to BMI of pregnant women .During third quarter of pregnancy (36-38 weeks of pregnancy), urine culture were followed. Results: The rate of excessive weight gaining in all pregnant women was 43%.The rate of UTI  were 4%, 4%, 5%, 7% and 10%  respectively in BMI of 22, 23, 24, 25 and 26. UTI rate in excessive weight gain female were 12.5%, 11%, 16%, 12.5% and 12.5% respectively. Uti rate in BMI groups 27, 28 and 29 were 12.5%, 30% and 39% respectively. But UTI rate in BMI 30 and 31 were 50% and 60 % which is comparable with UTI rate of excessive weight gain. Also, results showed that UTI rate especially in female with higher BMI has significant relationship with increasing of pregnancy weight. Conclusion: The results showed that pregnancy weight gain can be considered as predictive. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

65 - Presenting the structural model of emotional eating according to the prediction of trait-state anxiety with the mediating role of emotional processing in obese people
Ashraf Babakhanloo Seyyed Abbas Haghayegh Fardin Moradi Manesh Akram Dehghani

Obesity is one of the main causes of non-communicable diseases, which has a growing trend. The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a structural model of emotional eating with regard to the prediction of trait-state anxiety with the mediating role of em More

Obesity is one of the main causes of non-communicable diseases, which has a growing trend. The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a structural model of emotional eating with regard to the prediction of trait-state anxiety with the mediating role of emotional processing in obese people. The research method is correlation using structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this research was made up of all the obese people in Tehran in 2017, and among them, 378 people were selected using a staged sampling method. The research tools were: Dutch emotional eating (1986), Spielberger's state-trait anxiety (1970) and Bakker et al.'s (2010) emotional processing questionnaire, all of which had acceptable validity and reliability. In order to analyze the data, SPSS-V23 and Lisrel-V8.8 software were used. The findings showed that there is a negative relationship between trait-state anxiety and emotional eating. There is a negative relationship between trait-state anxiety and emotional processing, and there is a negative relationship between emotional eating and emotional processing. Therefore, it can be concluded from the results that trait-state anxiety has an effect on emotional eating with the mediating role of emotional processing in obese people. Therefore, paying attention to the mentioned variables helps researchers and therapists in prevention and designing more suitable treatments. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

66 - Changes in the Level of Asprosin as a Novel Adipocytokine after Different Types of Resistance Training
Mohammad Jahangiri shahnaz shahrbanian Anthony C. Hackney

10.22034/jchr.2021.1935792.1361

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Open Access Article

67 - Metabolic and Hormonal Effects of COVID-19 and the Role of Exercise in Coping with It during Infection and Recovery
Saeid Fatolahi Shahnaz Shahrbanian Nemat Nematollahi Kelly E. Johnson Ayoub Saeidi

10.22034/jchr.2022.1944138.1451

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

68 - Kisspeptin, GnRH, Prolactin and Ovarian Hormones Levels in Hyperprolactinemia, Type 1 Diabetes and Obesity Women
Nakaa Qassim Ghali Zainab Abduljabbar Ridha Al-Ali Saba Jassim Al Heshimi

10.22034/JCHR.2024.1087871

Kisspeptin is a peptide that plays a crucial function in the regulation of puberty initiation, by sexual immaturity and slowed puberty advancement. Infertility is a result of hyperprolactinemia, which inhibits the pulsatile release of GnRH from the brain and lowers the More

Kisspeptin is a peptide that plays a crucial function in the regulation of puberty initiation, by sexual immaturity and slowed puberty advancement. Infertility is a result of hyperprolactinemia, which inhibits the pulsatile release of GnRH from the brain and lowers the pulsatile production of LH from the pituitary. In type 1 diabetes, also known as autoimmune diabetes, pancreatic cells die off and the body cannot produce enough insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels. Obese people are more likely to suffer from hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperleptinemia, chronic inflammation, menstrual abnormalities, pregnancy troubles, and infertility. So, this study aims to know the reproductive status of women by estimating kisspeptin and other hormones. The study was conducted on 92 women, ages (20-40) years, Samples were collected from the AL-Sader Teaching Hospital, Maysan for Child and Birth Hospital, the specialized Centre for Diabetes and Endocrinology and some private clinics and centres, the period June 2022 to February of 2023. The women were divided equally into four groups: control group (with regular menstrual cycles), hyperprolactinemia group (hyper serum prolactin), obesity group (have a BMI over 30 kg.m–2), and type 1 diabetes group. The results showed the values of kisspeptin did not differ significantly (P>0.05) in all groups, values of GnRH in hyperprolactinemia, obesity and type 1 DM groups increased significantly (P≤0.05) compared with the control group, Prolactin, estradiol and progesterone in the hyperprolactinemia group increased significantly (P≤0.05) in comparison with other groups. According to the above results, we conclude that high levels of prolactin, also obesity and type 1 DM influence the reproductive hormones in women. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

69 - Effect of Aerobic Program in the Morning and Afternoon on Obestatin and the Body Composition of Overweight and Obese Women
Ramin Aghajani Nematollah Nemati Zahra Hojjati Zidashti Tahereh Bagherpour

10.22034/jchr.2020.672683

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Open Access Article

70 - The Effects of an Antiobesity Drug, Orlistat on the Liver and Testis of NMRI Male Mice
فرناز بناکار کاظم پریور پریچهر یغمایی هما محسنی کوچصفهانی

obesity is a global epidemic health problem, which is related to many diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and types of cancers which impose a huge burden on individuals and health care system and society, therefore different antiobesity strategies a More

obesity is a global epidemic health problem, which is related to many diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and types of cancers which impose a huge burden on individuals and health care system and society, therefore different antiobesity strategies are developed that using antiobesity medicines is a very common method besides exercise, diet .since every drug has side effects on some organs it is required to know these side effects and their severities. Liver and testis are two metabolic and reproductive organs of body additionally orlistat ameliorates poly cystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) by decreasing androgen levels then the study of its effect on testosterone levels in obese men could be important because of probability men infertility. In current study, we examined the effect of orlistat on serum ALT, AST, ALP and testosterone levels also liver and testis tissues in uncomplicated obese NMRI mice during six weeks. We studied control, obese, sham and experimental groups. In this study all groups except control group after acclimatization for one week received H.F.D for six weeks, after that all groups were fed by standard laboratory chow diet. Sham group received P.B.S and Experimental group received solution of orlistat orally during six weeks. The body weight was measured during the study period weekly. Our results showed that enzymes levels increased in obese group compare with other groups then orlistat ameliorated enzyme levels in experimental group but it was no differences significantly (Pandgt;0.05).Testosterone levels indicated changes between groups but these changes were not statistically significant ( p andgt; 0.05 ) . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

71 - Physiological and Histological Studies of Obesity Inducing a High Fat – Diet in Adult NMRI Strain Mice
فرناز بناکار کاظم پریور پریچهر یغمایی هما محسنی کوچصفهانی

Obesity is a major health concern worldwide against which development of new strategies is warranted. Animal models are a valuable tool in these studies and could be developed using a simple and cost effective diet in susceptible strains. Adult NMRI mice weighing 25andp More

Obesity is a major health concern worldwide against which development of new strategies is warranted. Animal models are a valuable tool in these studies and could be developed using a simple and cost effective diet in susceptible strains. Adult NMRI mice weighing 25andplusmn;4 g were fed by a high fat diet for six weeks (E group) in comparison with a control group(C) receiving standard chow. Weekly measurements of body weight were performed. Animals were sacrificed after six weeks, and abdominal fat amount, fat liver accumulation, and LDL-C, HDL-C, cholesterol and triglyceride were measured. Histological studies were done on kidney, liver and testis. Body weight of E group increased up to about 50% (1.25-fold more than C group), their abdominal fat amount showed a two-fold increase compared with the C group(pandlt;0.001), and morphologic differences were observed in liver tissue relative to fat accumulation. Of biochemical factors, only triglyceride levels showed statistically significant increase in the E group (pandlt;0.05). Microscopic assessment of kidney, liver and testis samples, regarding to cells size and number showed no significant differences between C and E groups. This method is proposed as a mean to simulate an early stage of obesity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

72 - The Effect of Eight Weeks of Aerobic Exercise on AT and TT Genotypes, rs1870377 Polymorphism of VEGFR Gene and Changes in Aerobic Performance of Untrained Women
Hadis Rahimi Mania Roozbayani Abbas Saremi

10.22034/ascij.2022.1960904.1396

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training on the AT and TT genotypes of the VEGFR gene polymorphism rs1870377 and the changes in aerobic performance of untrained women. For this purpose, 29 inactive women More

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training on the AT and TT genotypes of the VEGFR gene polymorphism rs1870377 and the changes in aerobic performance of untrained women. For this purpose, 29 inactive women aged 30 to 45 were randomly selected from volunteer women in Shahriar, Tehran Province. The Subjects did 8 weeks of aerobic training in 5 sessions per week and each session lasted 30 minutes with an intensity of 55 to 75% of reserve heart rate. In the first two weeks, they trained with 55-65% of the maximum heart rate, and in the second two weeks with 60-65% of the maximum heart rate, and in the last 4 weeks with 65-75% of the maximum heart rate. 10 minutes for warming up and 10 minutes for cooling down were considered in each training session. Bruce's seven-step test was used to determine the VO2max before and after the exercises. The test started with a slope equal to 10% and a speed of 2.7 km/min on the treadmill, and each stage was completed in three minutes, so that in the seventh stage, the slope was 22% and the speed was 9.6. Then, among the subjects who were able to perform the desired test based on the researcher's expectation, saliva sampling was done for DNA sequencing to determine the genotypes. The RFLP method was used to determine the gene genotype. Enzymatic digestion at 65 degrees Celsius overnight, including one microliter of enzyme, 3 microliters of PCR product, 2 microliters of special buffer and 15 microliters of deionized water was used. The results of data analysis were analyzed using the dependent t test. The results showed that VO2max in women with AT genotype was not significant before and after exercise intervention (p = 0.840). The amount of VO2max in women with AT genotype was not significant on average before and after exercise intervention (p = 0.633). Also, the amount of VO2max in women with AT genotype, after exercise intervention, was not significant compared to TT genotype. In this research, it was shown that the significant improvement of Vo2max did not depend on their genotypic differences, and between AT and TT genotypes, the rs1870377 polymorphism of the VEGFR gene and the changes in aerobic performance of obese untrained women after eight weeks of aerobic training no significant relationship was observed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

73 - The Effect of Aerobic Training and Cinnamon on Leptin Gene Expression in Fat Tissue of Obese Male Rats Feeded by High Fat Diet
Mohammad Mokhailefi Nematollah Nemati Tahereh Bagherpoor

10.22034/ascij.2023.1928508.1249

Serum leptin levels have a very important and decisive role in controlling body weight and fat mass due to its effect on appetite and the ability to reduce energy intake and the amount of physical activity with the ability to increase energy consumption. Consumption of More

Serum leptin levels have a very important and decisive role in controlling body weight and fat mass due to its effect on appetite and the ability to reduce energy intake and the amount of physical activity with the ability to increase energy consumption. Consumption of some herbal anti-obesity compounds such as cinnamon can also be effective and useful in reducing body fat mass and controlling obesity. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining whether six weeks of aerobic exercise and consumption of cinnamon extract has an effect on leptin gene expression in adipose tissue of male rats fed with a high-fat diet. Consumption of cinnamon extract (200 mg/kg of body weight) and high-fat food (150 ml of high-fat food emulsion in excess of the daily diet) five days a week on leptin gene expression in adipose tissue of male rats fed with the diet High-fat food was carried out in the form of a multi-group research project with a control group. Real Time-PCR method was used to check the gene or mRNA expression of the desired proteins. The variables were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, Bonferroni, and one-sample t tests at a significance level of p < 0.05. According to the results, the effects of high-fat diet, the combination of high-fat diet and aerobic exercise, the combination of high-fat diet and cinnamon, and the combination of high-fat diet and aerobic exercise and cinnamon on the variable of leptin in adipose tissue were significant and significant, so that the consumption of high-fat food caused adverse changes in the expression of this gene, but six weeks of exercise and consumption of cinnamon extract moderated the adverse effects of a high-fat diet and produced favorable changes in the expression of this gene and body weight and fat tissue weight. In addition, the combination of six weeks of exercise and cinnamon extract has far more favorable effects in modulating the adverse effects of diet on the expression of this gene. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

74 - The Effect of Six Weeks Aerobic Training and Cinnamon Extract on IL_1β Gene Expression in Liver Tissue of Male Feeded by High Fat Diet
Alireza Rostamian Nematolah Nemati Tahereh Bagher pour

10.22034/ascij.2021.687821

In obese people, the expression level of interleukin is one beta higher, so that the expression level of interleukin 1 beta is directly related to the level of body mass index and fat mass. This study aimed to determine the effects of six weeks of aerobic exercise, cons More

In obese people, the expression level of interleukin is one beta higher, so that the expression level of interleukin 1 beta is directly related to the level of body mass index and fat mass. This study aimed to determine the effects of six weeks of aerobic exercise, consumption of cinnamon extract and high fat diet on the expression of 1 beta interleukin gene in liver tissue of male rats fed a high fat diet using two-month-old male Wistar rats. Fifty two-month-old male rats were divided into five control groups: high-fat diet, cinnamon extract, and high-fat diet, aerobic training and high-fat diet, and aerobic training and cinnamon extract and high-fat diet after two weeks of control. Cinnamon extract at a rate of 200 mg per kg of body weight and emulsion of high-fat food in excess of water and normal diet of rodents daily at a rate of 1.5 mg per kg of body weight for six weeks by gavage. The training group participated in an aerobic exercise program on a treadmill five days a week for six weeks. The mean of research variables among groups (except the control group) was compared with one-way variance analysis and Bonferroni tests to determine the differences among groups. The mean of research variables between each group was compared with the control group to determine the differences within the group by one-sample t-test at the significant level of p 05 0.05. There was a significant difference between body weight and liver tissue weight in the post-test between all groups. The difference among the mean variables of one beta interleukin in the liver tissue of male rats fed a high-fat diet after six weeks of aerobic exercise, consumption of cinnamon extract, and high-fat diet was significant. Therefore, it seems that the effects of high fat diet, high fat diet and aerobic exercise, high fat diet, and cinnamon and high-fat diet, and aerobic exercise and cinnamon on the interleukin variable of one beta in liver tissue are significant and significant. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

75 - The Effect of 12 Weeks of Circuit Resistance Training with Three Different Intensities of Equal Volume on Some Hemodynamic Factors of Obese Men
Saber Niazi Hamid Rajabi Sadegh Amani

10.22034/ascij.2021.684769

Obesity is one of the causes of cardiovascular disease and exercise can play a role in modulating this risk. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the effect of 12 weeks of circuit resistance training with three different intensities of equal volume on some h More

Obesity is one of the causes of cardiovascular disease and exercise can play a role in modulating this risk. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the effect of 12 weeks of circuit resistance training with three different intensities of equal volume on some hemodynamic factors on obese men. Forty four obese men aged 23 to 33 years (BMI≥30, (WHtR)> 0.5) in four control groups: low-intensity circuit resistance training (40% Rm1), medium (60% Rm1) and high (Rm1) 80% (11 = number in each group) with equal volume. Before and after 12 weeks of resting heart rate training, resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pressure product rate were measured. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to examine the intragroup changes using t-test and comparison of groups (P≤0.05). It seems that 12 weeks of circuit resistance training has a positive effect on lowering blood pressure and pressure product rate besides improving indicators related to heart function. High-intensity exercise is likely to have a greater effect on resting heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and double heart rate. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

76 - The Effect of Exercise during Pregnancy on Reducing Brain Histomorphometric Changes Caused by Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischemia
Elahe Gorgij Parichehr Yaghmaee Hamed Fanaei Mohammad Reza Shahraki Hadi Mir Ahmadi

10.22034/ascij.2022.1967711.1427

Hypoxia during pregnancy causes disturbances in the development and functioning of the brain of the fetus. Exercise during pregnancy reduces oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and is effective in improving memory. This study was conducted on pregnant Wistar rats More

Hypoxia during pregnancy causes disturbances in the development and functioning of the brain of the fetus. Exercise during pregnancy reduces oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and is effective in improving memory. This study was conducted on pregnant Wistar rats to determine the effect of exercise during pregnancy of obese mothers to reduce neonatal hypoxia-ischemia. In this study, normal and obese pregnant Wistar rats were classified into six groups. Some groups were subjected to exercise during pregnancy. Eight days after delivery, three groups of infants were subjected to hypoxia-ischemia induction by surgery and their right common carotid artery was blocked. Then, they were exposed to 8% oxygen for 90 minutes. Seven days after hypoxia-ischemia induction, neurobehavioral experiments were performed. Babies were killed at the end of the study (on the 15th day after birth) and after removing brain tissue from the skull, interleukin-6, brain edema, infarct volume, and apoptosis factors were measured. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test. Based on the results, newborn rats from obese mothers who exercised had better neurobehavioral function and BCL2 gene expression than rats born from obese mothers who did not exercise during pregnancy (p = 0.000) and Infarct volume, edema level, BAX and interleukin-6 gene expression were significantly lower (p = 0.000). Therefore, maternal exercise during pregnancy showed beneficial effects against hypoxia-ischemia damage in rat neonates. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

77 - The Comparison of Sperm Parameters and DNA Damage among Infertile Men with Varicocele and Obesity
Mahshid Elahi Vida Hojati Mahmoud Hashemitabar Mahsa Afrough Hossain Pourkargar

10.22034/ascij.2022.1954994.1375

Varicocele and obesity are common causes of male infertility that negatively influence spermatogenesis. This study aims at investigating sperm parameters and the correlation between the amount of DNA damage in obese patients and patients with varicocele compared with no More

Varicocele and obesity are common causes of male infertility that negatively influence spermatogenesis. This study aims at investigating sperm parameters and the correlation between the amount of DNA damage in obese patients and patients with varicocele compared with normal subjects. Generally, there were 210 samples, which respectively included 95 semen samples from obese infertile men, 50 semen samples from infertile men with varicocele, and 65 normal men with an age range from 27 to 50 years who met the conditions to be included in the study. It was separated from other samples and the semen was analyzed based on the parameters of the World Health Organization (WHO). The fragility of sperm DNA was evaluated for the mentioned samples. Compared with normal subjects, obese infertile men showed a significant decrease in sperm count, sperm motility, sperm morphology and a significant increase in DNA damage (p < 0.001). Also, a significant negative correlation was observed between DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI) and sperm parameters in obese infertile men, so that with the increase in DFI, other parameters showed a decrease. In obese infertile subjects, DFI had a negative correlation with sperm parameters including number (r = -0.171), movement (r = -0.467) and sperm morphology (r = -0.314). Infertile people with varicocele compared with normal people, a significant decrease in sperm count, sperm motility, sperm morphology and a significant increase in DNA damage were observed. Also, a significant negative correlation was observed between parameters and DFI. In this way, with the increase in DFI, other parameters decreased. In varicocele patients, DFI had a negative correlation with sperm parameters including number (r = -0.466), movement (r = -0.413) and morphology (r = -0.484). The results showed that varicocele and obesity have a negative effect on the health of sperm DNA in addition to reducing the quality of sperm parameters. Also, a significant negative correlation was observed between the amount of DFI and sperm parameters, which shows that these items may adversely influence the process of spermatogenesis.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

78 - The Effect of Six Weeks Aerobic Training and Cinnamon Extract on Leptin Genes Expression in Liver Tissue of Obese Male Feeded by High Fat Diet
Roghaye Hosseini Tahereh Bagherpoor Nematollah Nemati

10.22034/ascij.2022.1913836.1206

Given their effect on appetite and the ability to reduce energy intake and physical activity, serum leptin levels play a key and decisive role in controlling body weight and fat mass. Consumption of some anti-obesity plant compounds such as cinnamon can also be useful i More

Given their effect on appetite and the ability to reduce energy intake and physical activity, serum leptin levels play a key and decisive role in controlling body weight and fat mass. Consumption of some anti-obesity plant compounds such as cinnamon can also be useful in reducing body fat mass and controlling obesity. This experimental study was aimed at determining the effects of six weeks of aerobic exercise (five days a week), consumption of cinnamon extract (200 mg per kg of body weight) and high-fat food (150 ml of high-fat food emulsion in excess of daily diet). Expression of leptin gene in the liver tissue of male rats fed a high-fat diet was performed in a multi-group research design with a control group. Real Time-PCR was used to evaluate the expression of the gene or mRNA of the proteins. Takara Viragen’s kit was employed to prepare PCR master mix for cDNA. The effects of high-fat diet, combination of high-fat diet and aerobic exercise, combination of high-fat diet and cinnamon and combination of high-fat diet, aerobic exercise, and cinnamon on leptin variable in liver tissue were considerable and significant so that high-fat diet caused adverse changes in the expression of this gene. Nevertheless, six weeks of exercise and consumption of cinnamon extract moderated the adverse effects of a high-fat diet and caused favorable changes in the expression of this gene and body weight and liver tissue weight. In addition, the combination of six weeks of exercise and cinnamon extract had far more favorable effects in modulating the adverse effects of diet on the expression of this gene. Hence, it is recommended to use cinnamon extract along with aerobic exercise. . Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

79 - The effect of obesity and supplementation of garlic extract along with aerobic activity on the expression of brain-derived neurogenic factor genes, tyrosine kinase B and short-term memory of male wistar rats.
Behrouz Esfandiyari Reza Rezai Shirazi Seyed javad Zia alhagh Saeed Ghorbani Habib Asgharpour

10.22034/ascij.2022.1945458.1343

The extent of cognitive impairment in obesity has been extensively researched for several years. Also, the effect of garlic extract and aerobic activity on these cognitive disorders in obese people is still unknown. Forty male Wistar rats were exposed to a high-fat diet More

The extent of cognitive impairment in obesity has been extensively researched for several years. Also, the effect of garlic extract and aerobic activity on these cognitive disorders in obese people is still unknown. Forty male Wistar rats were exposed to a high-fat diet for 12 weeks to induce obesity, and finally 30 obese rats were identified using the Lee index and then randomly divided into 5 groups: control, obesity, garlic, aerobic exercise, garlic + exercise. Were aerobically divided. Aerobic exercise including 30 minutes per day, 8 / m / min 5 days a week and garlic and stevia extract at a concentration of 250 mg / kg were added to the daily water intake. Brain tissue was sent to the laboratory to study gene expression by real-time PCR. One-way ANOVA and LSD post hoc test were used to determine the differences between groups and a significance level of 0.05 was considered. The results showed that compared to the control group, 12 weeks of high-fat diet increased the body weight of rats (p <0.05) and even during 8-week extract interventions and training, remained higher than the control group. . In addition, BDNF gene expression levels decreased significantly (P <0.05) and TrKB gene expression levels also increased significantly in 12 weeks of high-fat rats compared to the healthy control group (p <0.05). On the other hand, in the Y maze, the percentage of rotation in obese rats was significantly lower than the control group (p <0.05). Induction of a high-fat diet in childhood causes mild genetic changes in male Wistar rats, and the combination of aerobic and extractive physical activity appears to be more effective than aerobic and extractive interventions alone. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

80 - Effect of Six Weeks of Resistance Training on Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Neuron Derived Neurotrophic Factor of Heart Tissue in Obese Male Rats
Neda Ghasemi Mania Roozbayani Hossein Shirvani

10.22034/ascij.2023.1979919.1468

The phenomenon of angiogenesis in pathophysiological conditions such as obesity and physiological conditions such as exercise have different effects on the body. The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of six weeks of resistance training on Vascular endoth More

The phenomenon of angiogenesis in pathophysiological conditions such as obesity and physiological conditions such as exercise have different effects on the body. The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of six weeks of resistance training on Vascular endothelial growth factor and Neuron Derived Neurotrophic Factor in obese male rats. In an experimental study, 20 male wistar rats aged five weeks and weight approximately 120 to 160 grams, were divided into two equal groups, control and experimental, based on weight homogenization. The experimental group performed a training protocol for six weeks, three sessions per week, and each session includes one set of 10 repetitions with a 90-second rest interval, including of climbing a resistance training ladder at a height of one meter and an incline of 85 degrees with a weight attached to the base of the tail (with Paying attention to the maximum weight carrying capacity of each rat. 48 hours after the last training session, the rats were sacrificed and blood was taken from the heart. The values of VEGF and NDNF in the heart tissue were evaluated with ELISA method. In order to examine the changes of between groups, the independent t-test was used at a significance level of p<0.05. The results indicated that six weeks of resistance training led to a significant increase in VEGF values (p=0.0001) and a significant decrease in NDNF values (p=0.0001) in experimental group in comparison to the control group. Base on the findings of this study, it seems that resistance training can have positive effects on preventing the risk of cardiovascular diseases caused by obesity, by increasing some protective factors and reducing angiogenesis inhibitory factors. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

81 - Effect of Exercise at Morning in Comparison with Evening on Response of Spexin and Leptin to Eight Weeks of Endurance Training in Obese Women
Mohammad Karimi Mozhgan Baghaei-Barzabadi

10.22034/ascij.2023.1985540.1490

Disturbance in regulation of energy balance in obesity involves several mechanisms, many of which are still not well understood. Circadian rhythms are followed by hormonal fluctuations, especially hormones involved in appetite. The aim of this research was to study the More

Disturbance in regulation of energy balance in obesity involves several mechanisms, many of which are still not well understood. Circadian rhythms are followed by hormonal fluctuations, especially hormones involved in appetite. The aim of this research was to study the effect of eight weeks of endurance training in the morning compared to the evening on the levels of spexin and leptin in obese women. In this semi-experimental study, 30 obese female volunteers with an average age of 35.3 ± 4.4 years and a body mass index of 31.7 ± 1.2 kg/m2 were randomly divided into three equal groups (n = 10) including; Control, morning training and evening training groups. The protocol of endurance training was carried out for eight weeks, three sessions per week and with an intensity of 60 to 75% of the maximum heart rate. 48 hours before and after the intervention of endurance training, blood sampling was done under conditions of 10 hours of overnight fasting. Spexin and leptin values were evaluated by ELISA method. Data were analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance test at a significance level of p<0.05. The results showed that exercise intervention in the morning and evening led to a significant decrease in leptin values (p=0.02) and a significant increase in spexin values (p=0.03). In comparison between morning and evening training, changes in leptin (p=0.01) and spexin (p=0.01) were higher in the evening session. Based on the findings of this study, it seems that endurance training with moderate intensity in a period of eight-week may have positive effects on the hormones of spexin and leptin in the matter of appetite. Evening training has better effects than morning training. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

82 - The Effectiveness of 8 Weeks of Aerobic Training on CT and TT Genotypes of rs2070744 Polymorphism of NOS3 Gene and Changes in Aerobic Performance of Untrained Women
hadis rahimi mania roozbayani abbas saremi

10.22034/ascij.2023.1978656.1462

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic training on the CT and TT genotypes of the rs2070744 polymorphism of the NOS3 gene and the changes in aerobic performance of untrained women. For this purpose, 29 inactive wom More

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of 8 weeks of aerobic training on the CT and TT genotypes of the rs2070744 polymorphism of the NOS3 gene and the changes in aerobic performance of untrained women. For this purpose, 29 inactive women aged 30 to 45 were randomly selected from volunteer women in Shahriar city. The subjects did 8 weeks of aerobic training with a frequency of 5 sessions per week and each session lasting 30 minutes with an intensity of 55 to 75% of the reserve heart rate, so that in the first two weeks with 55 to 65% of the maximum heart rate, in two weeks Second, they trained with 60 to 65% of the maximum heart rate and the last 4 weeks with 65 to 75% of the maximum heart rate. 10 minutes for warming up and 10 minutes for cooling down were considered in each training session. Bruce's 7-step test was used to determine VO2max before and after training.Then, among the subjects who were able to perform the desired test based on the researcher's expectation, saliva sampling was done for DNA sequencing to determine the genotypes. The RFLP method was used to determine the genotype. The results of the data analysis were analyzed using the dependent t-test and the results showed that the VO2max level in women with CT genotype was not significant before and after the exercise intervention (p = 0.015), the amount of VO2max in women who had the TT genotype was not significant before and after the exercise intervention (p = 0.110). In this research, it was shown that the significant improvement of Vo2max did not depend on their genotypic differences, and no significant relationship was observed between the CT and TT genotypes of the rs2070744 polymorphism of the NOS3 gene and the changes in aerobic performance of obese untrained women after 8 weeks of aerobic training. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

83 - Effect of Induced Obesity and Intense Interval Training on PI3K/AKT1/mTORc1 Axisin Cardiac Tissue of Male Wistar Rats
sina rezazadeh Sanaz Mirzayan Shanjani Mojtaba Eizadi Saeed Sedaghati Yaser Kazemzadeh

Epidemiological studies have always supported obesity as a cause of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of intense interval exercise on the expression of some genes effective in physiologica More

Epidemiological studies have always supported obesity as a cause of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of intense interval exercise on the expression of some genes effective in physiological cardiac hypertrophy (PI3K, AKT1, mTORc1) in obese Wistar rats. For this purpose, from 21 male Wistar rats aged 10 weeks (220 ± 10 g), 14 after induction of obesity by 6 weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) were randomly divided to control obese (n = 7) or interval obese (n = 7) groups. Also, 7 rats with normal weight were selected as normal group. The interval obese rats were completed 8-weeks interval training (5 times weekly) in the form of interval runs on the treadmill. The control obese and normal groups did not participate in the exercise program. 48 hours after the last training session, the expression of PI3K, AKT1 and mTORc1 genes in heart tissue was measured and compared between groups by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. Induction of obesity led to a significant decrease in PI3K, AKT1 and mTORc1 in the heart tissue in the obese control group compared to the normal group (p = 0.001). Compared to the obese control group, interval training increased the expression of PI3K (p = 0.001) and mTORc1 (p = 0.001), but AKT1 expression did not change significantly in response to interval training (p = 0.603). Interval training is associated with improving the expression of genes affecting the physiological hypertrophy of the heart tissue in obese rats. Knowing the molecular cellular mechanisms responsible for this process requires more studies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

84 - The Effect of 12 Weeks of Intermittent Resistance Training with Algomed Supplementation on Plasma Levels of Asprosin and Omentin-1 in Men with Obesity
Arezou Bajelani Hossein Abednatanzi Farshad Ghazalian

10.22034/ascij.2023.2002124.1564

Obesity is one of the main causes of death in developing countries, especially in Iran.  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of interval resistance training with Algomed (Chlorella vulgaris) supplement on asprosin and omentin-1 in obese More

Obesity is one of the main causes of death in developing countries, especially in Iran.  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of interval resistance training with Algomed (Chlorella vulgaris) supplement on asprosin and omentin-1 in obese men. 44 obese men will be divided into four groups of 11 people: control, exercise, supplement and supplemental exercise. Subjects in the 12-week training group will perform three sessions of resistance training sessions a week. Also, the subjects of the supplement group of 1800 mg Algomed Algae in the form of 6 tablets (2 tablets one and a half hour before breakfast, 2 tablets one and a half hour before lunch, 2 tablets one and a half hour before dinner) (according to the instructions factory) consumed. Blood was drawn 48 hours before the start of the research and 48 hours after the last day of training, and the mentioned indicators were measured using an ELISA kit and device. The results of the present study showed that there is a significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05). Bonferroni's post hoc test showed that training and supplement training caused an increase in omentin-1 and a decrease in asprosin compared to the control and supplement group (p < 0.05). The present results showed that interval resistance training alone and with algomed supplementation decreased the levels of asprosin and increased omentin-1 in obese men. Also, consumption of algomed along with interval resistance training compared to interval resistance training alone had a greater effect on the levels of the investigated variables. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

85 - Comparison of the Effect of Eight Weeks of Endurance Training at Morning and Evening on Asprosin, Leptin, Insulin Resistance and Appetite Index in Non-athlete Obese Men
bahman Zadeh-Hendijani sedigheh Hoseinpour Delavar mohammad karimi mehran ghahramani

10.22034/ascij.2023.1999845.1558

Satiety-hunger signals regulate rhythmic clocks in peripheral tissues through the availability of many macronutrients in the circulation. The aim of this research was to study the effect of eight weeks of endurance training in the morning and the evening on serum levels More

Satiety-hunger signals regulate rhythmic clocks in peripheral tissues through the availability of many macronutrients in the circulation. The aim of this research was to study the effect of eight weeks of endurance training in the morning and the evening on serum levels of asprosin, leptin, insulin, insulin resistance and appetite index in non-athlete obese men. In this semi-experimental study, 36 non-athletic obese young men with an average age of 25.4 ± 3.3 years, weight 98.3 ± 7.7 kg, and body mass index 31.8±1.2 kg/m2 were selected as subjects in a targeted and available manner. Subjects were randomly divided into three equal groups including; Control, morning training and evening training. The endurance training protocol was implemented for eight weeks, three sessions per week and with an intensity of 60 to 75% of the maximum heart rate. Before and after the training period, blood sampling was done at 10 hours of overnight fasting state. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and at a significance level of p < 0.05. Eight weeks of endurance training led to a significant decrease in asprosin (p = 0.0001), leptin (p = 0.02), insulin (p = 0.0001), glucose (p = 0.0001), insulin resistance (p = 0.0001) and appetite index (p = 0.001). Tukey’s post hoc test indicated that, compared to the control group, evening training has a greater and more significant effect on all the mentioned variables. It seems that endurance training in morning and evening can have positive effects on asprosin, leptin, insulin resistance and appetite index. However, training in the evening seems to have more positive effects on these factors. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

86 - Effect of 12 Weeks of High Intensity Interval Training with Spirulina Supplementation on Novel Adipokines in Obese Men
Farideh Afsheh Alireza Barari Asieh abbassi-daloii Ayoub Saeidi

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) with spirulina supplementation on dermatopontine (DPT) and TGF-β in obese men. 44 obese men were divided into four groups of 11 including: control, Training, s More

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) with spirulina supplementation on dermatopontine (DPT) and TGF-β in obese men. 44 obese men were divided into four groups of 11 including: control, Training, supplement and supplemental training. Subjects in the 12-week training group perform three HIIT sessions per week. Also, subjects in the supplement group took 6 grams of spirulina per day (three grams in the morning and three grams in the evening) for 12 weeks. 48 hours before the start of the research and 48 hours after the last day of training, blood Blood was drawn and, finally the aforementioned indicators were measured using an ELISA kit and device. The results of the present study showed that there is a significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05). The post hoc analysis showed that training and supplementary training decreased DPT and TGF-β compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The present study showed that HIIT alone and with spirulina supplementation decreased DPT and TGF-β levels in obese men. Also, the consumption of spirulina along with HIIT compared to HIIT alone had a greater effect on the levels of the investigated variables. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

87 - The Effect of 12 Weeks of Intermittent Resistance Training with Algomed Supplementation on Plasma Levels of FGF-21 Selenoprotein P in Men with Obesity
MOHAMMAD MAHDI Madani Hossein Abednatanzi Mandana gholami farshad Ghazalian

10.22034/ascij.2023.2002250.1563

Obesity is one of the main causes of death in developing countries, especially in Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of interval resistance training with Algomed supplement on FGF-21 and Selenoprotein P in obese men. 44 obese men will More

Obesity is one of the main causes of death in developing countries, especially in Iran. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks of interval resistance training with Algomed supplement on FGF-21 and Selenoprotein P in obese men. 44 obese men will be divided into four groups of 11 people: control, training, supplement and supplemental training. Subjects in the 12-week training group will perform three sessions of resistance training sessions a week. Also, the subjects of the supplement group of 1800 mg Algomed Algae in the form of 6 tablets (2 tablets one and a half hour before breakfast, 2 tablets one and a half hour before lunch, 2 tablets one and a half hour before dinner) (according to the instructions factory) consumed. Blood was drawn 48 hours before the start of the research and 48 hours after the last day of training, and the mentioned indicators were measured using an ELISA kit and device. The results of the present study showed that there is a significant difference between the groups (p < 0.05). Bonferroni's post hoc test showed that training, supplement and supplement training caused decrease in FGF-21 and Selenoprotein P compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The present results showed that interval resistance training alone and with algomed supplementation decreased the levels of FGF-21 and Selenoprotein P in obese men. Also, consumption of algomed along with interval resistance training compared to interval resistance training alone had a greater effect on the levels of the investigated variables. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

88 - The effect of 8 weak HIIT training on adiponectin gene expression in obese rats
sajad arshadi zahra mohamadpour rodbaraki

10.30486/epp.2023.1973090.1008

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

89 - Synergistic Effects of Aerobic Training and Capsaicin on Visceral Adipose Tissue SIRT1 Gene Expression and Insulin Resistance in Rat Fed a High-Fat Diet.
Elham Heydarzadeh Ahmad Abdi Masoomeh Alsadat Mirshafaei Rostam Abdi

10.30486/epp.2022.1966179.1001

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

90 - Impact of resistance training on hepcidin levels and iron status in overweight/obese girls with and without iron stores deficient.
Nasim Behzadnezhad Fahimeh Esfarjani Sayyed Mohammad Marandi

10.30486/epp.2023.1992953.1020

Abstract:Background: increasing body fat mass causes anemia. Exercising with the right type and intensity can improve iron status in people with extra fat mass. The aim of this study is to compare two different intensities of resistance training on hepcidin levels, iron More

Abstract:Background: increasing body fat mass causes anemia. Exercising with the right type and intensity can improve iron status in people with extra fat mass. The aim of this study is to compare two different intensities of resistance training on hepcidin levels, iron status and body composition in obese/overweight girls. Method: 40 university students (18-22years old) with 35>BMI≥25 voluntarily participated in the study. Participants were divided into two groups of20, by blood sampling and based on serum ferritin (>30ng/ml or ≤30ng/ml). Subjects in each group were randomly assigned to one of the moderate or high-intensity training groups. Resistance training was performed 8 weeks, four days a week, and each session for one hour, with an elastic-band. body composition variables using specific tools, And the level of iron, hepcidin, TIBC, ferritin and hemoglobin was collected before and after exercise with the blood samples. Results: T-test showed, a significant decrease between pre-test and post-test in body composition variables, hepcidin and iron status variables of four groups other than hemoglobin. The analysis of variance of the bivariate showed a significant difference in hepcidin between the two groups with ferritin higher or lower than 30 ng/ml. The results of analysis of variance showed that there is a significant difference in hepcidin levels between the two groups with ferritin higher or lower than 30 ng/ml. Conclusion: resistance training with two different intensities can reduce hepcidin, ferritin and BMI in obese girls with and without iron deficiency and improve body composition. Baseline ferritin level seems to be effective on hepcidin levels after intervention. Keywords: resistance training, hepcidin, iron status, obesity Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

91 - Comparison of the Effect of HIRT and TRT Exercises on Irisin and Insulin Resistance Index in Overweight Men in Hamadan
majid khanbabaieenava seydvahid fazeliyan salman lotfi

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of high-intensity resistance training (HIRT) and traditional resistance training (TRT) on serum irisin and insulin resistance index in overweight men in Hamadan. In this study, 36 overweight men with a body mass index More

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of high-intensity resistance training (HIRT) and traditional resistance training (TRT) on serum irisin and insulin resistance index in overweight men in Hamadan. In this study, 36 overweight men with a body mass index above 24 were selected as a sample and randomly divided into three control groups: HIRT and TRT. Subjects in the TRT training group performed resistance training with an intensity of 70% of one maximal repetition and the HIRT training group performed an eight-week resistance training protocol with an intensity of 85% of a maximal repetition. Before and after exercise, irisin, insulin resistance index Waist period size, fasting glucose, fasting insulin and body mass index were measured, and the results were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and significant using Tukey post hoc test.The results showed that high-intensity resistance training (HIRT) caused significant changes in irisin (P <0.05) and insulin resistance index (P <0.05), but these changes were not significant in the traditional training group (TRT) (P> 0.05). ).Both training methods caused changes in serum irisin levels and insulin resistance index in overweight men compared to the control group, but high-intensity resistance training had a greater effect on changing serum irisin levels and insulin resistance index in overweight men than traditional exercises. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

92 - Analysis of the Role of Moderating Socio-Cultural Pressure for Weight Loss and Physical Changes in Obese and Normal Weight Adolescents
seydmohammadhossein hosseiniravsh

The purpose of this study was to compare body image problems and social-physical anxiety in obese and normal-weight adolescents by examining the moderating role of cultural social pressure for weight loss and physical change. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 7 More

The purpose of this study was to compare body image problems and social-physical anxiety in obese and normal-weight adolescents by examining the moderating role of cultural social pressure for weight loss and physical change. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 70 adolescent obese and 72 adolescent girls with normal weight were selected through one-stage cluster sampling from high school students in Mashhad. Data collection and measurement tools included: high-sensitivity portable digital scales and a non-dilatable tape meter, Multidimensional Self-Relationships Questionnaire, Physical Social Anxiety Questionnaire, and Cultural Social Pressure Questionnaire. The groups were matched for education, gender, and age. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software. Results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between obese and obese adolescents in terms of body image and physical and social anxiety. The results also showed that high cultural social pressure for weight loss and physical change has a significant role in increasing physical social anxiety. But it does not have a moderating role in the extent of body image problems and physical social anxiety. Obesity and high cultural social pressure for weight loss and physical change are important factors in increasing body image problems and physical and social anxiety. But cultural social pressure does not mitigate the role of obesity in increasing or decreasing body image problems and physical social anxiety. Therefore, it can be concluded that body image problems in obese individuals are more influenced by their body mass and not by the socio-cultural pressure for weight loss and body change. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

93 - Investigating the effect of eight weeks of endurance training on the serum levels of dipeptidyl peptidase-4, endurance performance and some anthropometric indices in obese women
Maryam Kamari مسعود رحمتی مهدی بوستانی

Introduction: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), is related to many metabolic diseases such as obesity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of endurance training on the serum level of DPP-4, endurance performance and some anthropometric i More

Introduction: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), is related to many metabolic diseases such as obesity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of endurance training on the serum level of DPP-4, endurance performance and some anthropometric indicators in obese women. Materials and Methods: 23 inactive obese women aged 30 to 45 with a BMI of 30.5±5.37 who voluntarily and purposefully participated in the study. The subjects were randomly divided into two experimental groups (N=12) and control (N=11). First, pre-test measurements related to blood sample, height, weight, BMI, fat percentage, VO2max and waist to hip ratio of the subjects were performed. Then, the experimental group participated in 8 weeks of endurance training and the measurements of the post-test were recorded. MANCOVA test was used to check the significance of the difference between the groups. Results: The results showed that there is no significant difference between the research variables in the pre-test (p<0.05). MANCOVA showed that there was a significant decrease in weight (P=0.001), BMI (P=0.001), fat percentage (P=0.001) and DPP-4 (0.001) =P), and there is a significant increase in the amount of maximum oxygen consumption (P=0.038) after the end of the study in training group compared to the control group. Conclusion: It was found that eight weeks of endurance training reduces the serum level of DPP-4 and improves body composition and endurance performance in obese women. Therefore, it is suggested that obese women use these exercises to improve their health, body composition and increase their endurance capacity. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

94 - Comparison of the Effects of a Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction Intervention and Biofeedback Exercises on Attention Control, Executive Functions, and Food Craving in Overweight and Obese Women
Bahareh Mirahmadi mohammad oraki kamal parhoon

The growing number of obese and overweight people is a serious health problem. Obesity and overweight have been noted among the most serious health threats and the epidemics of the third millennium. The aim of the present research was to compare the effects of mindfulne More

The growing number of obese and overweight people is a serious health problem. Obesity and overweight have been noted among the most serious health threats and the epidemics of the third millennium. The aim of the present research was to compare the effects of mindfulness and biofeedback exercises on attention control, executive functions, and food cravings in overweight and obese women. In this quasi-experimental study, 48 women referring to the clinic of the Oil and Gas Company of Bandar Abbas were selected by the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to the three groups of mindfulness, biofeedback, and control. The participants in these groups were evaluated for attention control, executive functions, and food craving before, after and one month after the interventions. The results of analysis of covariance showed that the intervention groups had higher control attention scores while lower mean scores for executive functions and food craving than the control group. The results indicated the effectiveness of mindfulness and biofeedback exercises on improving executive functions and attention control and reducing craving for foods in overweight and obese women. Therefore, identifying the mechanisms underlying the effects of these two interventions can have positive consequences on the cognitive and psychological abilities of overweight and obese women. Manuscript profile

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