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Manuscript ID : JAPAD-2208-1182 Visit : 73 Page: 122 - 132

Article Type: Original Research

The effect of six weeks aerobic training and cinnamon extract on IL_1β gene expression in fat tissue of obese male feeded by high fat diet.

Subject Areas :

amin  rigi 1 (PhD student in exercise physiology, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran)
Tahereh  Bagherpoor 2 (Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch)
nematallah  nemati 3 (Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran)

Received: 2022-08-23 Accepted : 2023-01-10 Published : 2023-04-21

Keywords: key words: Exercise, IL_1&beta, High-fat diet, Obesity, Cinnamon,

Abstract :

Background and Aims: In obese people, the expression level of interleukin 1 beta is higher, so that the expression level of interleukin 1 beta has a direct positive relationship with the level of body mass index and fat mass. The present study aimed to determine the effects of six weeks of aerobic exercise, consumption of cinnamon extract and high-fat food on the expression of interleukin-1 beta gene in the adipose tissue of male rats fed with a high-fat diet using two-month-old male Wistar rats.Materials and methods: 50 two-month-old male rats were divided into five control groups, high-fat diet, cinnamon extract and high-fat diet, aerobic exercise and high-fat diet, and aerobic exercise and cinnamon extract and high-fat diet after two weeks of keeping under controlled conditions. were divided Cinnamon extract at the rate of 200 mg per kilogram of body weight and emulsion of high-fat food in excess of water and normal rodent food daily at the rate of 1.5 mg per kilogram of body weight were given by gavage for six weeks. became. The exercise group participated in an aerobic exercise program on a treadmill five days a week for six weeks. The mean of the research variables among the groups (except the control group) were compared with one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni tests in order to determine the differences between the groups. The mean of the research variables among each group was compared with the control group with the purpose of determining intra-group differences, with the one-sample t-test at a significance level of p ≥ 0.05.Results: The difference in body weight and fat tissue weight was significant among all groups. The difference between the variable averages of interleukin-1 beta in adipose tissue of male rats fed with high-fat diet after six weeks of aerobic exercise, consumption of cinnamon extract and high-fat food was significant.Conclusion: It seems that the effects of high-fat diet, combination of high-fat diet and aerobic exercise, combination of high-fat diet and cinnamon and combination of high-fat diet and aerobic exercise and cinnamon on interleukin-1 beta variable in adipose tissue are significant and significant. to have

References:


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  8. Shalaby, M.A., Saifan, H.A. some pharmacological effects of cinnamon and ginger herbs in obese diabetic rate. Journal of Intercultural Ethno pharmacology, 2014; 3(4):144.
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_||_

  1. Badalzadeh, R., Shaghaghi, M., Mohammadi,M., Dehghan,G., Mohammadi, Z. The effect of cinnamon extract and long-term aerobic training on heart function, biochemical alterations and lipid profile following exhaustive exercise in male rats. Coronary Artery Disease. 2014; 2:8.
    2.
  2. Bray, G.A., Contemporary diagnosis and management of obesity: Handbooks in Health Care; 2003.
    3.
  3. Carey A.L., Steinberg, G.R., Macaulay, S.L., Thomas, W.G., Holmes, A.G., Ramm, G., and et al. Interleukin-6 increases insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in humans and glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation in vitro via AMP-activated protein kinase. Diabetes, 2006; 55(10):2688-97.
    4.
  4. Chao, L.K., Hua, K.F., Hsu, H.Y., Cheng, S.S., Liu, J.Y., Chang, S.T. Study on the anti-inflammatory activity of essential oil from leaves of Cinnamomum osmophloeum. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 2005; 53(18):7274-8.
    5.
  5. Church, T.S., Thomas, D.M., Tudor-Locke, C., Katzmarzyk, P.T., Earnest, C.P., Rodarte, R.Q., and et al. Trends over 5 decades in US occupation-related physical activity and their association with obesity. PloS one. 2011; 6(5):e19657.
    6.
  6. Da Cunha Nascimento, D., de Sousa, N.M.F., de Sousa Neto, I.V., Tibana, R.A., de Souza, V.C., Vieira, D.C.L., and et al. Classification of pro-inflammatory status for interleukin-6 affects relative muscle strength in obese elderly women. Aging Clinical and Experimental research. 2015; 27(6):791-7.
    7.
  7. Ebrahimi, M., Khenar Sanami, S. Effects of high fat diet and high intensity aerobic training on interleukin 6 plasma levels in rats. Modares Journal of Medical Sciences: Pathobiology. 2015; 18(3): 110-6.
    8.
  8. Eckel, R.H., Grundy, S.M., Zimmet, P.Z., The metabolic syndrome, The Lancet. 2005; 365(9468):1415-28.
    9.
  9. Eftekhari, E., Zafari, A., Gholami, M., Physical activity, lipid profiles and leptin, The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 2016, 56(4): 465-469.
    10.
  10. Fairburn, C.G., Walsh, B.T., Atypical eating disorders (eating disorder not otherwise specified). Eating Disorders and Obesity: A comprehensive handbook. 2002; 2: 171-7.
    11.
  11. Flegal, K.M., Graubard, B.I. Estimates of excess deaths associated with body mass index and other anthropometric variables. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2009; 89(4):1213-9.
    12.
  12. Gadina, M., Hilton, D., Johnston, J.A., Morinobu, A., Lighvani, A., Zhou, Y-J., and et al. signaling by type I and II cytokine receptors: ten years after. Current opinion in immunology. 2001; 13(3):363-73.
    13.
  13. Hasani-Ranjbar, S., Nayebi, N., Larijani, B., Abdollahi, M. A systematic review of the efficacy and safety herbal medicine used in the treatment of obesity, World Journal of Gastroenterology (WJG), 2009; 15(25(: 3073.
    14.
  14. Kumanogoh, A., Ogata, M. The study of cytokines by Japanese researchers: a historical perspective. International immunology. 2010; 22(5):341-5.
    15.
  15. Liuzzi, J.P., Lichten, L.A., Rivera, S., Blanchard, R.K., Aydemir, T.B., Knutson, M.D., and et al. Interleukin-6 regulates the zinc transporter Zip14 in
    16.

 

  1. liver and contributes to the hypozincemia of the acute-phase response. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences of the United State of America. 2005; 102(19):6843-8.
    2.
  2. Loos, R.J., Genetic determinant of common obesity and their value in prediction. Best practice & research clinical endocrinology & metabolism, 2012; 26(2):211-26.
    3.
  3. Lukaszewicz, M., Mroczko, B., Szmitkowski, M. Clinical significance of interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a prognostic factor of cancer disease. Pol Arch Med Wewn, 2007; 117(5-6):247-51.
    4.
  4. Mathew, S., Abraham, T.E. Studies on the antioxidant activities of cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) bark extract, through various in vitro models. Food Chemistry. 2006; 94(4):520-8.
    5.
  5. Na, Y.K., Hong, H.S., Lee, W.K., Kim, D.S. Increased methylation of interleukin 6 gene is associated with obesity in Korean women. Molecular and Cells. 2015; 38(5):452-6.
    6.
  6. Nasery, L., Zafari, A
    7.

 

  1. ., Banaeifar, A. A., The response of leptin and lipid parameters related to an aerobic exercise among young athlete and non-athlete women. Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences 2015, 5(S3): 788-798.
    2.
  2. Nemeth, E., Rivera, S., Gabayan, V., Keller, C., Taudorf, S., Pederson, B.K., and et al. IL-6 mediates hypoferremia of inflammation by inducing the synthesis of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin. The Journal of clinical investigation. 2004; 113(9): 1271-6.
    3.
  3. Nguyen, N.T., Magno, C.P., Lane, K.t., Hinojosa, M.W., Lane, J.S. Association of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome with obesity: finding from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999 to 2004. Journal of the American College of Surgeon. 2008; 207(6):928-34.
    4.
  4. Ossanloo, P., Najar, L., Zafari, A., The Effects of Combined Training (Aerobic Dance, Step Exercise and Resistance Training) on Body Fat Percent and Lipid Profiles in Sedentary Females of AL_ZAHRA University, European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2012, 2 (5):1598-1602.
    5.
  5. Ouchi, N., Parker, J.L., Lugus, J.J., Walsh, K. Adipokines in inflammation and metabolic disease. Nature Reviews Immunology. 2011; 11(2):85-97.
    6.
  6. Roussel, A.M., Hininger, I., Benaraba, R., Ziegenfuss, T.N., Anderson, R.A. Antioxidant effects of a cinnamon extract in people with impaired fasting glucose that are overweight or obese. Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2009; 28(1):16-21.
    7.
  7. Sartorius, T., Peter, A., Schulz, N., Drescher, A., Bergheim, I., Machann, J., and et al. Cinnamon extract improves insulin sensitivity in the brain and lowers liver fat in mouse models of obesity, PloS one. 2014; 9(3):e92358.
    8.
  8. Shalaby, M.A., Saifan, H.A. some pharmacological effects of cinnamon and ginger herbs in obese diabetic rate. Journal of Intercultural Ethno pharmacology, 2014; 3(4):144.
    9.
  9. Sindhu, S., Thomas, R., Shihab, P., Sriraman, D., Behbahani, K., Ahmad, R. Obesity is a positive modulator of IL-6R and IL-6 expression in the subcutaneous adipose tissue: significance for metabolic inflammation. PloS one. 2015; 10(7):e0133494.
    10.
  10. Tanaka, T., Narazaki, M., Kishimoto, T. IL-6 in inflammation, immunity, and disease. Cold Spring Harbor perspective in biology. 2014; 6(10):a016295.
    11.
  11. Vieira, V.J., Valentine, R.J., Wilund, K.R., Antao, N., Baynard, T., Woods, J.A. Effects of exercise and low-fat diet on adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic complications in obese mice. American Journal of Physiology – Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2009; 296(5): E1164-71.
    12.

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