The effect of Sargassum muticum hot water and ethanolic extracts on intestinal microbiota in obese male rats
Subject Areas :
Food Microbiology
vahideh
zarrin
1
(Department of Marine Biology, Hormozgan University, Bandar Abbas, Iran.)
tahereh
talaei
2
(Department of Anatomical sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.)
mohamadreza
taherizadeh
3
(Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.)
Nader
Tanideh
4
(Stem Cells Technology Research Center, pharmacology department,Shiraz Universityof Medical Sciences, shiraz, Iran)
Received: 2022-02-07
Accepted : 2022-07-31
Published : 2022-09-06
Keywords:
Obesity,
Intestinal Microbiota,
16srRNA,
Sargassum muticum,
Abstract :
Background & Objectives: Intestinal microbiota plays a key role in the overall function of the host, including host metabolism and obesity. In addition, due to their high fiber content, seaweed can regulate the intestinal microbial flora by stimulating the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibiting the growth of harmful species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Sargassum muticum on the intestinal microbial flora in obese rats.Materials & Methods: Rats were fed with hot water (HW) and ethanolic(E) extracts of Sargassum muticum for 8 weeks, then intestinal microorganisms were analyzed through 16S) rRNA sequencing in all groups.Results: The distribution ratio of intestinal microorganisms showed that Bacteroides and Firmicutes are the dominant phyla in the intestine of rats. Analysis of microorganisms showed that obesity-related bacteria decreased and slimming-related genus increased in all treated groups. Clostridium was the predominant genus with pathogenic potential and Lactobacillus was the predominant genus in the lactic acid group. In addition, seaweed-extracts-feeding obese mice had weight loss and reduced food intake compared with the obese control group.Conclusion: Our results show that the consumption of Sargassum muticum seaweed in the daily diet can balance the intestinal microbiota and also due to its high fiber, these seaweeds can cause weight loss in mice.
References:
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Wang W, Onnagawa M, Yoshie Y, Suzuki T. Binding of bile salts to soluble and insoluble dietary fibers of seaweeds. Fisheries science. 2001;67(6):1169-73.
Yang J, Martínez I, Walter J, Keshavarzian A, Rose DJ. In vitro characterization of the impact of selected dietary fibers on fecal microbiota composition and short chain fatty acid production. Anaerobe. 2013;23:74-81.
Stranges S, Dorn JM, Muti P, Freudenheim JL, Farinaro E, Russell M, et al. Body fat distribution, relative weight, and liver enzyme levels: A population‐based study. Hepatology. 2004;39(3):754-63.
Hira K, Tariq RM, Sultana V, Ara J, Ehteshamul-Haque S. Effect of seaweeds occurring at Karachi coast on mosquito larvae and liver function in rats. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2017;30(2): 387-91.
Seo Y-J, Lee K, Song J-H, Chei S, Lee B-Y. Ishige okamurae extract suppresses obesity and hepatic steatosis in high fat diet-induced obese mice. Nutrients. 2018;10(11):1802.
Beppu F, Hosokawa M, Yim MJ, Shinoda T, Miyashita K. Down-regulation of hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 expression by fucoxanthin via leptin signaling in diabetic/obese KK-A(y) mice. Lipids. 2013;48(5):449-55.
Matanjun P, Mohamed S, Muhammad K, Mustapha NM. Comparison of cardiovascular protective effects of tropical seaweeds, Kappaphycus alvarezii, Caulerpa lentillifera, and Sargassum polycystum, on high-cholesterol/high-fat diet in rats. J Med Food. 2010;13(4): 792-800.
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Shannon E, Conlon M, Hayes M. Seaweed components as potential modulators of the gut microbiota. Marine Drugs. 2021;19(7):358.
Mariat D, Firmesse O, Levenez F, Guimarăes V, Sokol H, Doré J, et al. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio of the human microbiota changes with age. BMC microbiology. 2009;9(1):1-6.
Tang WW, Hazen SL. The contributory role of gut microbiota in cardiovascular disease. The Journal of clinical investigation. 2014;124(10):4204-11.
Wang T, Cai G, Qiu Y, Fei N, Zhang M, Pang X, et al. Structural segregation of gut microbiota between colorectal cancer patients and healthy volunteers. The ISME journal. 2012;6(2):320-9.
Li J, Li R, Li N, Zheng F, Dai Y, Ge Y, et al. Mechanism of antidiabetic and synergistic effects of ginseng polysaccharide and ginsenoside Rb1 on diabetic rat model. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis. 2018;158:451-60.
Shang Q, Shan X, Cai C, Hao J, Li G, Yu G. Dietary fucoidan modulates the gut microbiota in mice by increasing the abundance of Lactobacillus and Ruminococcaceae. Food & Function. 2016;7(7):3224-32.
Aminina NM, Karaulova EP, Vishnevskaya TI, Yakush EV, Kim Y-K, Nam K-H, et al. Characteristics of polyphenolic content in brown algae of the Pacific Coast of Russia. Molecules. 2020;25(17):3909.
Zahra R, Mehrnaz M, Farzaneh V, Kohzad S. Antioxidant activity of extract from a brown alga, Sargassum boveanum. African journal of Biotechnology. 2007;6(24).
Zou Y, Li J, Lu C, Wang J, Ge J, Huang Y, et al. High-fat emulsion-induced rat model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Life sciences. 2006;79(11):1100-7.
Jang WS, Choung SY. Antiobesity effects of the ethanol extract of Laminaria japonica Areshoung in high-fat-diet-induced obese rat. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2013;2013.
Hu X, Li Y, Li C, Fu Y, Cai F, Chen Q, et al. Combination of fucoxanthin and conjugated linoleic acid attenuates body weight gain and improves lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced obese rats. Archives of biochemistry and biophysics. 2012;519(1):59-65.
Hossein KJ, Leila KJ, koukhdan Ebrahim T, Nazanin SJ, Farzad P, Elham R. The effect of pomegranate juice extract on hormonal changes of female Wistar rats caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome. Biomedical and Pharmacology Journal. 2015;8(2):971-7.
Seyedalipour, B., Arefifar, A., Khanbabaee, R., & Hoseini, S. M. (2015). Toxicity investigating of silver nanoparticles on ALT, AST, ALP and histopathological changes in NMRI mice. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 25(124), 183-193.
14. Rahmani-Moghadam E, Talaei-Khozani T, Zarrin V, Vojdani Z. Thymoquinone loading into hydroxyapatite/alginate scaffolds accelerated the osteogenic differentiation of the mesenchymal stem cells. BioMedical Engineering OnLine. 2021;20(1):1-20.
Kim J-Y, Kwon YM, Kim I-S, Kim J-A, Yu D-Y, Adhikari B, et al. Effects of the brown seaweed Laminaria japonica supplementation on serum concentrations of IgG, triglycerides, and cholesterol, and intestinal microbiota composition in rats. Frontiers in Nutrition. 2018;5:23.
Kim OS, Cho YJ, Lee K, Yoon SH, Kim M, Na H, et al. Introducing EzTaxon-e: a prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene sequence database with phylotypes that represent uncultured species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2012;62(Pt 3):716-21.
Turnbaugh PJ, Backhed F, Fulton L, Gordon JI. Diet-induced obesity is linked to marked but reversible alterations in the mouse distal gut microbiome. Cell Host Microbe. 2008;3(4): 213-23.
Neyrinck AM, Possemiers S, Druart C, Van de Wiele T, De Backer F, Cani PD, et al. Prebiotic effects of wheat arabinoxylan related to the increase in bifidobacteria, Roseburia and Bacteroides/Prevotella in diet-induced obese mice. PloS one. 2011;6(6):e20944.
De Filippo C, Cavalieri D, Di Paola M, Ramazzotti M, Poullet JB, Massart S, et al. Impact of diet in shaping gut microbiota revealed by a comparative study in children from Europe and rural Africa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107(33):14691-6.
Chater PI, Wilcox MD, Houghton D, Pearson JP. The role of seaweed bioactives in the control of digestion: implications for obesity treatments. Food Funct. 2015;6(11):3420-7.
Everard A, Geurts L, Caesar R, Van Hul M, Matamoros S, Duparc T, et al. Intestinal epithelial MyD88 is a sensor switching host metabolism towards obesity according to nutritional status. Nature communications. 2014;5(1):1-12.
Settanni L, Corsetti A. Application of bacteriocins in vegetable food biopreservation. Int J Food Microbiol. 2008;121(2):123-38.
Park YH, Kim JG, Shin YW, Kim HS, Kim YJ, Chun T, et al. Effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus 43121 and a mixture of Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium longum on the serum cholesterol level and fecal sterol excretion in hypercholesterolemia-induced pigs. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2008;72(2):595-600.
Wang W, Onnagawa M, Yoshie Y, Suzuki T. Binding of bile salts to soluble and insoluble dietary fibers of seaweeds. Fisheries science. 2001;67(6):1169-73.
Yang J, Martínez I, Walter J, Keshavarzian A, Rose DJ. In vitro characterization of the impact of selected dietary fibers on fecal microbiota composition and short chain fatty acid production. Anaerobe. 2013;23:74-81.
Stranges S, Dorn JM, Muti P, Freudenheim JL, Farinaro E, Russell M, et al. Body fat distribution, relative weight, and liver enzyme levels: A population‐based study. Hepatology. 2004;39(3):754-63.
Hira K, Tariq RM, Sultana V, Ara J, Ehteshamul-Haque S. Effect of seaweeds occurring at Karachi coast on mosquito larvae and liver function in rats. Pak J Pharm Sci. 2017;30(2): 387-91.
Seo Y-J, Lee K, Song J-H, Chei S, Lee B-Y. Ishige okamurae extract suppresses obesity and hepatic steatosis in high fat diet-induced obese mice. Nutrients. 2018;10(11):1802.
Beppu F, Hosokawa M, Yim MJ, Shinoda T, Miyashita K. Down-regulation of hepatic stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 expression by fucoxanthin via leptin signaling in diabetic/obese KK-A(y) mice. Lipids. 2013;48(5):449-55.
Matanjun P, Mohamed S, Muhammad K, Mustapha NM. Comparison of cardiovascular protective effects of tropical seaweeds, Kappaphycus alvarezii, Caulerpa lentillifera, and Sargassum polycystum, on high-cholesterol/high-fat diet in rats. J Med Food. 2010;13(4): 792-800.
