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Open Access Article
1 - Influence of chemical properties of liquid environment on the physical characteristics of laser ablation produced tungsten nanostructures
Zohreh Famili Davoud Dorranian Amir Hossein Sari -
Open Access Article
2 - Nonlinear responses of inhomogeneous collisional plasma to pondermotive effect in the laser- plasma interaction
Leila Rajaei Hoda Aleali Maryam Jafari -
Open Access Article
3 - Laser ablation produced graphene/MOF-5 nanocomposite: antibacterial properties
Negar Motakef-Kazemi Fereydoon Ataei Davoud Dorranian -
Open Access Article
4 - The impact of higher order modes on transverse mode instability in bent optical fiber amplifiers
Sajjad Vazeerpour Mahdi Shayganmanesh Davoud Dorranian -
Open Access Article
5 - Steady-state electron trajectories in a free electron laser with ion-channel and axial magnetic field in the presence of self-fields
T. Mohsenpour -
Open Access Article
6 - Quasi monoenergetic electron bunch generation by frequency variation laser pulse in magnetized plasma
Azadeh Ahmadian -
Open Access Article
7 - Magneto-plasmonic properties of hybrid nanostructures prepared by laser ablation in different solutions
R. A. Ejbarah Ahmed K. Kodeary Talib M. Abbas -
Open Access Article
8 - Effect of combined laser dyes on the efficiency of cholesteric liquid crystal lasers
Hamidreza Shirvani-Mahdavi Soheila Ebrahimi-Azandariani -
Open Access Article
9 - Influence of size and morphology on the optical properties of carbon nanostructures
Hajar Sadeghi Davoud Dorranian -
Open Access Article
10 - The effect of external magnetic field on the density distributions and electromagnetic fields in the interaction of high-intensity short laser pulse with collisionless underdense plasma
Masoomeh Mahmoodi-Darian Mehdi Ettehadi-Abari Mahsa Sedaghat -
Open Access Article
11 - Dispersion relation and growth rate in two-stream thermal plasma-loaded free-electron laser with helical wiggler
S. Meydanloo S. Saviz -
Open Access Article
12 - Determination of elastic constants of Inconel-625 superalloy, using laser-based ultrasonic
Anita Shukla -
Open Access Article
13 - Design and construction of a tunable pulsed Ti:sapphire laser
Omid Panahi Majid Nazeri Seyed Hassan Tavassoli -
Open Access Article
14 - Multifocal terahertz radiation by intense lasers in rippled plasma
Reenu Gill Divya Singh Hitendra K. Malik -
Open Access Article
15 - Calculation of energy lost by radiation and convection during laser welding of TA6V titanium alloy
Soumaya Lemkeddem Fethi Khelfaoui Oumelkheir Babahani -
Open Access Article
16 - Dynamics of a low-threshold optically pumped organic vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser
Mohammad Reza Shayesteh Ghafar Darvish -
Open Access Article
17 - Glass surface modification using Nd:YAG laser in SF6 atmospheres
H. R. Dehghanpour P. Parvin -
Open Access Article
18 - Self-focusing of a high-intensity laser pulse by a magnetized plasma lens in sub-relativistic regime
Mehdi Etehadi Abari Mahsa Sedaghat Mohammad Taghi Hosseinnejad -
Open Access Article
19 - Effect of aging on the properties of TiO2 nanoparticle
Nafise Ebrahim Jasbi Davoud Dorranian -
Open Access Article
20 - On validity of paraxial theory for super-Gaussian laser beams propagating in a plasma
Lalita Devi Hitendra K. Malik -
Open Access Article
21 - Negative and positive dust grain effect on the modulation instability of an intense laser propagating in a hot magnetoplasma
N. Sepehri Javan -
Open Access Article
22 - Impact of gain compression factor on modulation characteristics of InGaAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dot lasers
Farzaneh Kariminezhad Esfandiar Rajaei Alireza Fali Reyhaneh Mirzaei -
Open Access Article
23 - Frequency stabilization of ambience-isolated internal-mirror He–Ne lasers by thermoelectric-cooling thermal compensation
Hamidreza Shirvani-Mahdavi Yaghoubi Narges -
Open Access Article
24 - Terahertz emission during laser-plasma interaction: effect of electron temperature and collisions
Hitendra K. Malik Divya Singh -
Open Access Article
25 - Industrial application of apodized gas sensor for on-line and in situ measurement of CO and CO2 concentration
Seyedali Hosseinzadeh Salati Alireza Khorsandi Saeed Ghavami Sabouri -
Open Access Article
26 - تأثیر پارامترهای فرآیند لیزر بر ویژگیهای هندسی سوپرآلیاژ آلومینیومی Inconel738 با روکش لیزری
bita mottaghi golshan mohammad mehdi Hadavi monireh ganjaliسوپرآلیاژ Inconel 738 با استفاده از تکنیک پوشش لیزری آلومینیومی شد. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی تاثیر پارامترهای فرآیند اصلی روکش لیزری بود. مانند قدرت لیزر، سرعت اسکن لیزری و نرخ تغذیه پودر در هندسه مسیر تک روکش شده و پنجره پردازش یافتن. ارتفاع، عرض و عمق نفوذ با استفاده از Moreسوپرآلیاژ Inconel 738 با استفاده از تکنیک پوشش لیزری آلومینیومی شد. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی تاثیر پارامترهای فرآیند اصلی روکش لیزری بود. مانند قدرت لیزر، سرعت اسکن لیزری و نرخ تغذیه پودر در هندسه مسیر تک روکش شده و پنجره پردازش یافتن. ارتفاع، عرض و عمق نفوذ با استفاده از نرم افزار imageJ اندازه گیری شد. مشخص شد که ارتفاع مسیر پوشیده شده با پارامتر ترکیبی به صورت (P/S) 2/3 (F/S) 1/5 مرتبط است. عرض مسیر پوشیده شده مستقل از نرخ تغذیه بود. عمق نفوذ توسط هر سه پارامتر اصلی فرآیند با PS2/3F-2/3 تحت تاثیر قرار می گیرد. رقت و زاویه خیس شدن محاسبه شد و پنجره پردازش برای داشتن محدودیتهای مناسب برای رقتسازی و زاویه خیسسازی برای دستیابی به یک پوشش واجد شرایط بهدست آمد و میتوان از آن به عنوان دستورالعملی برای آلومینیومسازی In738 از طریق فناوری روکش لیزری استفاده کرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The effect of helium neon laser irradiation on the morphology of small intestine of hatched broiler chicks
هادی ابوالحسنی جمشید قیاسی قلعه کندی علیرضا احمدزاده جواد حیدربیگی ممقانیAn experimental was conducted to determine the effect of helium neon laser irradiation on themorphology of small intestine of hatched broiler chicks. A total of 225 day old (Ross 308)broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized. Design with 3 treatments in 3 repl MoreAn experimental was conducted to determine the effect of helium neon laser irradiation on themorphology of small intestine of hatched broiler chicks. A total of 225 day old (Ross 308)broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized. Design with 3 treatments in 3 replicates(25 chickens per replicate). Experimental treat were: 1) without laser irradiation (control). 2) 6mw laser irradiation, for 1.5 minute, 12 hours before incubation. 3) 10 mw laser irradiation, for1.5 minute, 12 hours before incubation. At the ages of 21,28,36, and 42 days , 2 broiler wasselected from each replication, and various sections of their small intestine were sampled inlaboratory (1, 10, 30, 50, 70, 90% length of small intestine). And villi length, crypt depth, andtheir ratio were measured. The results of related to morphology of small intestine (villous lengthand crypts depth) showed distinguish between treatments were significant (P< 0/05). Heliumneon laser irradiation on the morphology of small intestine of hatched broiler chicks hadsignificant effect. Thus, helium-neon laser irradiation with an intensity of 10 mw on villouslength and crypt depth had a positive effect on nutrient absorption has the effect of feed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Compare the effect red and green low level laser light accelerates the healing of the incision in the skin after the suturing in hamsters
GH. R. Abedi, احمد Asghari, S. Hesaraki, A. Nasireian, هادی Hajizadeh, نیما Toghani,Accelerated wound healing was the first application for this type of laser. In terms of green lightlaser ability which whether it can enhance wound healing or not there is some disagreement. thisstudy was done in order to compare the green and red light lasers (less pow MoreAccelerated wound healing was the first application for this type of laser. In terms of green lightlaser ability which whether it can enhance wound healing or not there is some disagreement. thisstudy was done in order to compare the green and red light lasers (less powered one) in terms ofaccelerated wound healing which can be done surgically on the skin. In this study thirty healthy,mature hamster from suyrian strain was selected and randomly divided into three different groupas below: A: control group, B: group which was under the radiation of low level red laser, C:group which was under the radiation of low level green laser. After the induction of generalanesthesia, the straight incision at the length of two cm was created in the dorsal zone of animal,then by means of nylon 5-0 was sutured in a simple manner. In the group A the cutted sitewithout any intervention was remained intact in order to proceed first type of wound healing, inthe group B (by red laser) and C (by means of green laser) the cutted site was treated with thevelocity of 0.5 J/cm2 during one minute by constant movement of lasers on the surface of incisionwhich was continued up to six days. Sampling was done in the 3th 7th, and 12th days. Theaverage wound healing in groups B and C were significantly higher than the control group, butbetween the two green and red laser, there was no meaningful difference. Although the red lasera little bit was good during operation compared with the green one. Less powered laseraccelerates the process of wound healing. In those situations which the case is resistance towound healing we can use less powered lasers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Suspended sediment particle size distribution in Kojour river
Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi Mohamad Ali ZakeriInvestigation on physical characteristics of suspended sediment is an important subject in river studies. The particle size distribution of the suspended sediment is one of these physical properties represents important links between sources and fluvial mechanisms in th MoreInvestigation on physical characteristics of suspended sediment is an important subject in river studies. The particle size distribution of the suspended sediment is one of these physical properties represents important links between sources and fluvial mechanisms in the watersheds. However, limited studies have been conducted in field of suspended sediment particle size distribution. The present study therefore aimed to investigate the particle size distribution of suspended sediments in Kojour River within the period of one year. Toward this attempt, 24 suspended sediment samples were collected at intervals of some 15 days. The particle size distribution was determined after necessary preparations by laser scattering particle size of HORIBA LA-950. The results showed that the suspended sediment diameter were in the range of 0.82 to 353.55 microns during time of sampling and in different conditions. Also, the silt particles with partial contribution of 97.68 % had the largest contribution in the suspended sediment load. In addition, the results indicated that the precipitation and sand harvesting plays an important role in increasing the coarse particles of suspended sediment load. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The Effects of Continuous Waves (CW) Lasers Within Visible Range on the Physicochemical Properties of Egg Albumen
razagh Mahmudi Mohammad Saeid Hosseinzade ebrahim safari Mirhassan Musavi Peyman Zare Amir Fakhri Yashar FarshiIntroduction: Due to the consumers demand for high quality food, new safe and effective methods of food processing and preservation have been developed. The application of optical radiation in the food industry for preservation has been known as a new technology. This m MoreIntroduction: Due to the consumers demand for high quality food, new safe and effective methods of food processing and preservation have been developed. The application of optical radiation in the food industry for preservation has been known as a new technology. This method is quite effective to inactivate a large number of microorganism’s particularly pathogenic microorganisms that often cause infection and food poisoning. However, when this kind of treatment is applied some changes might occur. Therefore the aim of this project is to understand the effect of such treatment on the physicochemical properties of eggalbumen. Materials and Methods: The effects of visible Continuous Waves (CW) lasers on structural changes (using SDS-PAGE) and physicochemical properties (organoleptic and pH) of egg Albumen were studied.Results: The results of this investigation indicated that visible laser radiation even at the maximum power and highest time period (180 minute) did not affected the structural and organoleptic characteristic of egg white proteins. Evaluation of the pH values showed that there were not significant differences between the control and the treated samples.Conclusion: It can be concluded that visible continuous lasers radiation might be employed as a new safe sanitation method in egg industry, however further research is required to understand more about its precise and potent application. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Investigation of Soliton phenomena for laser transfer in optical fibers and its application in tissue treatment
zahra mahmoodzadeh zarandi parviz zobdehAbstract:Human skin has three-layer non-homogeneous tissue. The thermal and physical properties of each layer including Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis are different from each other. In treatment procedures, laser source intensity is adjusted based on thermal amount w MoreAbstract:Human skin has three-layer non-homogeneous tissue. The thermal and physical properties of each layer including Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis are different from each other. In treatment procedures, laser source intensity is adjusted based on thermal amount which produced in each skin layer; furthermore, intensity control, optimization, and prediction of pulse shape before the interaction with tissue, is very important. Since, during the Laser-tissue irradiation, tissue temperature increases, and so uncontrollable temperature enhancement causes thermal harm on tissue.In this research, the Solitons general equation was considered. In order to having a predefined Gaussian shape of output laser pulse at the end of the transfer medium (optical fiber), numerical calculation was used. Solitons coefficients equation, include the dispersive coefficient, propagation constant, and coefficient of normalized loss has been obtained. The results could be used in determination of laser transfer medium structure, such as kind of material, coefficient of refractive, diameter and longitude length and etc. Recognition of fiber medium helps designers to provide a medium in order to establish Soliton, which input pulses are gained as output at the end of the fiber without any changes in shape. Access to different internal human organs could be possible by flexibility of optical fibers, as an important advantage. It seems, optimum parts determination of transfer medium may provide new horizon in controlled laser therapy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Preparation of Novel Thermo-sensitive Polymer/βCD/WS2 Nano-carriers for invitro Drug Release of Tamoxifen in the Presence and Absence of Near-Infrared (NIR) Laser
Abbas Bohloli Maryam Daghighi Asli Elham Moniri Azar Bagheri -
Open Access Article
33 - Effect of Surface Treatment and Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti6Al4V Alloy Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting
Q Salim Shaher M Razazi Boroujeni S Nosohiyan -
Open Access Article
34 - The Effect of Cooling Rate on the Solutionizing of IN718 Superalloy Produced via Selective Laser Melting (SLM) Method
H. H. Dastgerdi M. O. Shabani Y. Shajari -
Open Access Article
35 - Microstructural Evolution of Laser-Clad IN625 Powder on Rene80 Superalloy
M Taheri A Salemi Golezani -
Open Access Article
36 - Functionally Graded Materials: Processing Techniques and Applications
A Rabieifar V Abouei Mehrizi M Ghanbari Haghighi -
Open Access Article
37 - Evaluation of Corrosion Behavior of 316 L Stainless Steel Manufactured by SLM Method After Heat Treatment and Surface Treatments
S Abdulnabi Wali M Razazi Boroujeni S Nosohiyan -
Open Access Article
38 - Joining of Ti-6AL-4V to AISI 304 Stainless Steel using Laser Spot Welding with Circular Technique
M Rafi H Sabet V Abouei Mehrizi A Anbarzadeh -
Open Access Article
39 - Investigation of Additive Manufacturing Process by LMD Method, Affecting Process Parameters on Microstructure and Quality of Deposition Layers
R Hedayatnejad H Sabet S Rahmati A Salemi Golezani -
Open Access Article
40 - Numerical Investigation of Laser Bending of Perforated Sheets
Mehdi Safari Mehdi Ebrahimi -
Open Access Article
41 - An Experimental Investigation of the Effects of Fiber Laser Percussion Drilling: Influence of Process Parameters
Mahmoud Moradi Alireza Mohazab Pak Ali Khorram -
Open Access Article
42 - The Effect of Focal Distance and Type of Auxiliary Gas on Cut Width in CO2 Laser Cutting of Stainless and Mild Steel Sheets
Hossein Taheri Hamid Zarepour Firouzabadi Majid Hashemzadeh -
Open Access Article
43 - Expert System Approach for Manufacturability Evaluation of Nd: YAG Laser Beam Machining Process
M. Sadegh Amalnik* -
Open Access Article
44 - Mechanical Properties of Materially and Geometrically Gradient Cellular Structures Manufactured with SLS 3D Printer Applicable as a Bone Implant
Ali Salehi Alireza Daneshmehr Kiyarash Aminfar -
Open Access Article
45 - Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer and Temperature Distribution in Direct Metal Laser Sintering Method
Farshid Rajabi Arman Maroufi Cyrus Aghanajafi Mohammad Mehdi Kasaei -
Open Access Article
46 - Nd:YAG laser processing of thick NiTi wires to locally alter transformation properties towards achieving multiple memory shape memory alloys
Amin Alipour Mahmoud Kadkhodaei Ehsan ForoozmehrEvery commercial NiTi (Nitinol) Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) has its own transformation temperatures, which may cause limitations in ever-growing demands for the application of these alloys in novel engineering design. Among various methods proposed to achieve multiple func MoreEvery commercial NiTi (Nitinol) Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) has its own transformation temperatures, which may cause limitations in ever-growing demands for the application of these alloys in novel engineering design. Among various methods proposed to achieve multiple functional characteristics, laser processing offers effective solutions in locally controlling the transformation properties of NiTi parts. The current work describes the application of laser technique followed by post processing to locally alter transformation temperatures and impose phase transition for thick NiTi wires. To this end, various laser parameters are applied, and the influences of peak power and pulse width on the functional, microstructural and mechanical properties of laser processed samples are studied. A four-sided laser processing protocol is proposed to process almost the whole cross section of thick Nitinol wires. It is also shown that post-processing heat treatment is required to recover the shape memory properties of as-processed Nitinol specimen. The transformation temperatures of final processed Nitinol wire increase by about 50 °C compared to those of the unprocessed base material. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Breast Cancer Phothothermal Therapy by Using Gold Nanorods and Tissue Distribution of Gold Nanoparticles in Mouse Model
محسن کلانتری کاظم پریور مجتبی Salouti مهرداد حمیدی سعید عمادیv:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} >1024x768Normal0falsefalsefalseEN-USX-NONEAR-SA /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal Morev:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} >1024x768Normal0falsefalsefalseEN-USX-NONEAR-SA /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif"; mso-bidi-font-family:"B Nazanin";} >Inroduction & ObjectiveTreatment methods for breast cancer are not specific and each one has its own drawbacks. For this reason, scientists are seeking ways of which specifically affect cancer cells. Photothermal therapy is a method that uses near-infra red (NIR) laser energy to create sufficient heat to destroy cancer cells. In this study, the photothermal effect of gold nanorods (GNRs) was investigated for breast cancer treatment in vitroMaterials and Methods:GNRs with peak absorption of 808 nm were synthesized and coated with Poly ethilen glycol (PEG). After confirming the characteristics of the prepared complex, the therapeutic effect of new agent was studied on SK-BR-3 cell line by using the NIR laser.ResultsThe cytotoxcicity assay showed the biocompatibility of PEGylated GNRs complex. Through the in vitro photothermal study, significant cell death was observed in breast cancer cells incubated with the complex along with the laser irradiation. The biodistribusion study showed the appropriate localization of new agent in vital organs after 24 h in mouse model. ConclusionIn summary, the present study reports the successful treatment of Breast cancer cells by the prepared photothermal agent using. Labeling of gold nanoparticles(such as antibodies) can improve the treatment efficiency and prevent damage to healthy cells that need further studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Antibacterial Effects of Photodynamic and Diode Laser Therapies as Adjunctive Treatments in Periodontitis
Ehsan Rafiei Shahram Amini Shirin Amini sedeh Mahsa Ahmadi shadmehri -
Open Access Article
49 - Design and Construction of Simmer Circuit in Order to Drive Flash Lamp in Solid State Laser
Majid ZamaniIn solid state lasers, the light pumping of the laser rod is done by a flash lamp. In order to drive the flash lamp, an electrical power supply consisting of four main parts is used, including the capacitor charging power supply, the trigger circuit, the pulse forming n MoreIn solid state lasers, the light pumping of the laser rod is done by a flash lamp. In order to drive the flash lamp, an electrical power supply consisting of four main parts is used, including the capacitor charging power supply, the trigger circuit, the pulse forming network and the simmer circuit. Using the high voltage output of the trigger circuit, the xenon gas inside the flash lamp is ionized. After the trigger action, the main task of the simmer circuit is to generate a low current in order to maintain the ionized state of the flash lamp. Using the simmer mode increases the life of the flash lamp and also significantly reduces electrical and electromagnetic interference. In this article, a new simmer circuit is proposed for driving flash lamp in solid state laser. The presented circuit has been completely designed and then simulated in the PSPICE software environment. After confirming the correctness of its operation, the proposed circuit has been implemented in a laboratory. Circuit simulation results and laboratory results are presented and reported in this article. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - The effectiveness of Glaser's choice theory training on marital burnout and family instability in couples with military spouses
Eftekhar Ameri Aezam Vaziri-NasabIntroduction: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of Glaser's Choice Theory training on marital burnout and family instability in couples with a military wife in Kerman.Method: The research method was semi-experimental with experimental and MoreIntroduction: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of Glaser's Choice Theory training on marital burnout and family instability in couples with a military wife in Kerman.Method: The research method was semi-experimental with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of this research included all the couples who referred to family counseling centers in Kerman city in the first three months of 2012. 30 of them were selected as available and randomly replaced in two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. Glaser's choice theory training intervention was conducted in 8 weekly sessions for 90 minutes. In order to collect data, questionnaires of marital dissatisfaction and family instability were used. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics tests (mean and standard deviation) and univariate covariance analysis were used with SPSS version 24 software.Results: The results showed that Glaser's choice theory training had a significant effect on marital dissatisfaction and family stability in couples with military spouses (P<0.001). Eta square showed that Glaser's choice theory training explains 49% of changes in marital dissatisfaction and 58% of family instability in couples with military spouses.Conclusion: According to the results of this research, it is suggested to use Glaser's choice theory training in reducing marital dissatisfaction and family instability in couples with military spouses.Extended Abstract Introduction: Many variables play a role in the emergence of marital conflicts and tensions and the desire for divorce. Job and job stress are considered as one of the most important factors affecting the health and functioning of the family. One of the jobs with high stress and special complexity are military jobs, which are combined with stress, being away from family and living in difficult conditions, and this stress creates significant consequences in the family environment. The existence of job requirements of military personnel (mission, training, guarding, etc.) is sometimes associated with the intolerance and dissatisfaction of their families, such as stress, conflicts, marital incompatibility. For this reason, some couples can't tolerate such conditions and finally they are satisfied with leaving their jobs or their family conditions lead to marital boredom, divorce and separation. Burnout is defined as a state of physical, emotional and mental fatigue that occurs in the conditions of long-term conflict with emotional demands. Another variable influencing the relationship between couples is family stability. The stability of married life is a situation in which couples enjoy relative peace and tranquility and bring love through mutual understanding and care and support each other without any intention to break their marriage and against any A relationship that does not have the mentioned characteristics leads to instability and unsustainability of married life. One of the effective treatments to reduce the psychological problems of couples is Glasser's choice theory training. Choice theory is about choosing better; But before that, each person should understand the reason for their bad choices. Choice theory states that it is we who choose all our actions, including our feelings of misery. Group reality therapy training is based on choice theory and its main goal is to motivate clients to take practical actions to change the current unwanted conditions. With the increase of marital conflicts in Iran and the high prevalence of psychological injuries as well as the importance of couples' communication with each other, it seems necessary to identify effective and efficient interventions in order to be more productive in the relationships between military spouses. Glaser's choice theory training has a significant effect on increasing compatibility and improving marital social-communicative skills. Considering what has been said and also the lack of research that has investigated all the variables of the current research in one study, therefore the current research aims to determine the effectiveness of Glaser's choice theory training on marital dissatisfaction and family instability in married couples. Kerman city military was carried out.Method: The research method was semi-experimental with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of this research included all the couples who referred to family counseling centers in Kerman city in the first three months of 2012. 30 of them were selected as available and randomly replaced in two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. Glaser's choice theory training intervention was conducted in 8 weekly sessions for 90 minutes. In order to collect data, questionnaires of marital dissatisfaction and family instability were used. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics tests (mean and standard deviation) and univariate covariance analysis were used with SPSS version 24 software.Results: The results showed that Glaser's choice theory training had a significant effect on marital dissatisfaction and family stability in couples with military spouses (P<0.001). Eta square showed that Glaser's choice theory training explains 49% of changes in marital dissatisfaction and 58% of family instability in couples with military spouses. Conclusion: According to the results of this research, it is suggested to use Glaser's choice theory training in reducing marital dissatisfaction and family instability in couples with military spouses. In explaining these findings, it can be said that marital dissatisfaction occurs when they realize that despite all their efforts, their relationship has not and will not give meaning to life. Because communication skills reduce the negative aspects of interpersonal relationships and create satisfaction and positive attitude, therefore it reduces apathy and apathy. Among the applications of Glaser's choice theory methods are strengthening self-confidence and self-respect, equipping people with tools and methods to deal with environmental and psychological pressures, helping to strengthen and develop friendly, useful and healthy relationships, improving the level of healthy and useful social behaviors. Is. If the way of communicating with people-clients-is intimate, friendly and positive, the times of life and work will be pleasant, and on the contrary, if the type of this communication is hostile and combined with negative emotions, it will make it exhausting to bear every moment of it. Glaser's reality therapy teaches couples the correct way to interact, reduces frustration and violence, and increases the stability of the family, so it can be concluded that Glaser's choice theory techniques are effective in increasing the stability of the couple's family. Among the limitations of this research, it can be said that the subjects were couples with military spouses from Kerman city, which should be cautious in generalizing the results. Based on the results of this research, it is suggested to use choice theory training for couples with other psychological problems. It is suggested to study the effect of teaching choice theory in civilian couples as well as in the early years of life.Keywords: Glaser's choice theory, marital dissatisfaction, family instability, couples, military.AcknowledgementsWe hereby thank and appreciate all the participants in this research. FundingGlaser's choice theory training had a significant effect on the marital dissatisfaction and family instability in couples with military spouses. Ethics approval and consent to participateThis article is taken from the master's thesis of the first author with the cooperation of respected professors, advisors and advisors, and has been approved by the ethics committee of the Islamic Azad University, Kerman branch with the number IR.IAU.KERMAN.REC.1402.089.Conflict interestsAccording to the authors, this article has no financial sponsor or conflict of interest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Comparison of the Effectiveness of Solution- Focused Brief Couple Therapy and Glaser's Couple Therapy on Quality of Emotional Climate in Spouses Affected by Extramarital Relationships
Sepideh Rahimi Nejad Mohammad Ghamari Alireza Jafari Vahideh BabakhaniPurpose: The Purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of group-centered group therapy and Glaser's couple therapy on the quality of emotional climate in spouses affected by extramarital affairs. Methodology: The present study was a quasi-experimental stud MorePurpose: The Purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of group-centered group therapy and Glaser's couple therapy on the quality of emotional climate in spouses affected by extramarital affairs. Methodology: The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The present study population included all couples with extramarital affairs who referred to counseling centers in Tehran in the period of March 2020 to May 2020. The study sample consisted of 45 couples who were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Participants completed questionnaires of quality of emotional climate before performing the interventions. The experimental group received couple-centered group therapy interventions and Glaser's couple therapy. Finally, post-test was taken from all three groups. Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance using SPSSV19 software. Findings: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups of couple therapy and the control group in all components of quality emotional climate (P<0.01). The results also showed that in the emotional quality climate variable, solution-oriented couple therapy is more effective than Glaser's couple therapy. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be said that the use of solution-oriented couple therapy and Glaser's couple therapy in the emotional atmosphere of spouses affected by extramarital affairs is effective and the knowledge of counseling, psychology and health experts about these treatments can be helpful. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Compared with methods for measuring speed (LDA, HWA, PIV)
Hadi Kargar Sharifabad میکائیل فراتیStudy on the type of flow, to design and improve the mechanical systems necessary fluids. May in the new speed measurement tools, such as hot wire flowmeter Hot wire Anemometry, laser dog vane ( Laser Doppler Anemometry ) and the image of the particle image velocimetr MoreStudy on the type of flow, to design and improve the mechanical systems necessary fluids. May in the new speed measurement tools, such as hot wire flowmeter Hot wire Anemometry, laser dog vane ( Laser Doppler Anemometry ) and the image of the particle image velocimetry poll particles more application of this study was trying to operating theory, applications, benefits and drawbacks. The three methods paid attention to the study conducted HWA method in places where it is appropriate to less heat and lower accuracy is concerned, as well as in places where there is less mobility (due to take pictures of successive) and cost less launch is considered the best method, PIV method is sensitive places and accurate and also of fluids and gases that have a high speed, the best way to assess could LDA that maintain speed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Investigation and Optimization Of the Parameters Affecting the Strength Of Nd:YAG Pulsed Laser Spot Welding in Steel Sheet Using Design Of Expriment
Abbasali Habibollahi Nasrollah Bani mostafa Arab Ali Dehghani Amir AlinaghizadehWelding plays an important role in manufacturing and it is a reliable and efficient joining process in which the coalescence of metals is achieved by fusion. Nowdays welding is as the main and most common process for joint of metals. Among the welding methods, Laser Bea MoreWelding plays an important role in manufacturing and it is a reliable and efficient joining process in which the coalescence of metals is achieved by fusion. Nowdays welding is as the main and most common process for joint of metals. Among the welding methods, Laser Beam Welding) has the potential of welding very small and precise components. Localized heating with solidification of the melt, makes the connection between parts. In this thesis, laser spot welding process, which is one of the varieties of LBW process, is studied. In fact the laser spot welding is a simple type of laser welding that is widely used in various industries. The low strength of joints can damage structures. Therefore it is important that the strength of the joint be estimated and optimized. In this research, investigation and optimization of the laser spot welding process using design of experiments and response surface method is considered. Three parameters (peak power, pulse duration and thickness) of the process at three levels were the input factors. Material of sheets that was used in this research is AISI 304 stainless steel. The response or output factor was tensile - shear strength. Minitab16 software was used for design of experiments and analysis of the results. Finally, results showed that increase the peak power until 4250 watt and pulse duration until 3/5 millisecond provide the most tensile - shear strength (2200 Kg), and Square of thickness has the most negative effect on tensile shear strength of the joint. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Controller designing for use in laser targets in Paralympics shooting
dorna abedini hamed alipour banaei behzad yasrebi -
Open Access Article
55 - Temperature Effect
آیدا غلامی حسن رسولی -
Open Access Article
56 - Histopathologic study of the effect of low level Gallium-Arsenide laser on healing of grade 3 cutaneous burns in the rat
siamand bastani علی rezaeiThe healing of burn wounds has always attracted attention due to disruption of the healing process which leads to prolonged recovery period. Therefore, the quest for finding clinically effective wound-healing agents is important in the medical management of burn wounds. MoreThe healing of burn wounds has always attracted attention due to disruption of the healing process which leads to prolonged recovery period. Therefore, the quest for finding clinically effective wound-healing agents is important in the medical management of burn wounds. This study was conducted to investigate the morphometric and histopathologic effects of laser therapy on healing of third degree burns in rats. For this purpose, 64 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to four treatment groups consisting of Group 1: low level laser therapy (11.7 energy/cm2), Group 2: high level laser therapy (17.5 energy/cm2), Group 3: treatment with nitrofurazone ointment and Group 4: control. Burn wounds were created in all treatment groups by placing a 22 mm cylinder connected to a kettle containing 5 liters of hot water on the skin for 3 seconds. Histopathologic examination confirmed the creation of third degree burn wounds. Gallium-Arsenide laser was used in the study. Histopathologic examination was performed on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 21st days. Morphometric evaluations indicated significantly increased wound contraction in laser treated animals particularly in group 1 compared to control group. Also in both laser treated groups, reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells and increased angiogenesis and presence of fibroblasts along with increase in the thickness of epithelium was observed. The results showed significantly improved wound healing in laser treated groups in comparison to nitrofurazone treated and control groups on all evaluation times indicating the wound healing effects of laser therapy on third degree cutaneous burns of rats. Conflict of interest: None declared. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Photobiological effects of helium neon laser on hematologic and biochemical factors of rabbit blood
جعفر Rahmani Kahnamoei Sh Safi رسول Sadighi bonabi ایرج Sohrabi Hagdust M.H Khayat Nouri Low-level helium neon laser has many applications due to its photobiostimulatory effects. Although the therapeutic effects of low-level laser radiation of different wavelengths and doses are well known, but the exact mechanism of action of the l More Low-level helium neon laser has many applications due to its photobiostimulatory effects. Although the therapeutic effects of low-level laser radiation of different wavelengths and doses are well known, but the exact mechanism of action of the laser radiation on living cells is not yet determined. The present study is designed to evaluate the photobiological effects of 2 mw helium neon laser with wavelength of 632.8 nm on hematologic and biochemical factors of rabbit blood for this purpose, 30 male New Zealand white rabbits with the body weight of 1/5-2 kg were randomly allocated into two groups of control and laser treatment. Animals of both groups were anesthetized and those of laser treatment group were subjected to irradiation with helium neon laser at a wavelength of 632.8 nm and output 2 mw for 30 minutes. Finally blood samples were collected from all animals and the biochemical and hematologic factors evaluated. Significant difference (p<0.05( was observed in the amounts of albumin, total protein, LDH, CPU and WBC between the control and laser treatment group. According to the obtained result, low level laser increases the total protein, albumin, lactase dehydrogenates and creatin kinase activity and decreases which blood cell numbers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Antibacterial effects of green laser in vicinity of silver nanoparticles on methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Maliheh Ranjbaran Zahra Aghaebrahimi Jamshid Sabaghzadeh zohreh daraeizadeh arash abednezhad -
Open Access Article
59 - Role of Relativistic Quantum Theory in Hadron Radiation Therapy
Seyede Nasrin HoseiniMotlagh Neda Farhangkhah Mohammad Ghasemi Shabankareh -
Open Access Article
60 - Fluence and wavelength optimization of pulsed laser in photothermal therapy
Rasoul Malekfar Neda Amjadi -
Open Access Article
61 - The effect of low-power laser on the promotion of spermatogenesis in a mouse model of azoospermia (in-vivo)
habib tajalli Masoud Maleki Esmail Safavi Reza Shahi Fatemeh Firoozi Zahra Akbarpour Ali reza Sotoudeh Khyaban -
Open Access Article
62 - The liquid environment effect on photoluminescence properties of carbon nanoparticles prepared by laser ablation method in liquids with possible biocompatibility applications
Rasoul Malekfar Samad Moemen Bellah Fatemeh Kazemizadeh -
Open Access Article
63 - The effects of low-power laser on the promotion of spermatogenesis in a mouse model of azoospermia (in-vivo)
Habib Tajalli Masoud Maleki Esmail Safavi Reza Shahi Fatemeh Firoozi Zahra Akbarpour Alireza Sotoudeh Khyaban -
Open Access Article
64 - One-pot synthesis of Ag/Fe3O4 nanocomposite: Preparation, characterization and efficient catalyst
Babak Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
65 - Investigation of Microstructure weld zone of Hastelloy X Pulsed Nd-YAG laser welds
Farrokh Najafzadegan Hojatallah Mansori Morteza shamanian -
Open Access Article
66 - Optimization of laser forming parameters using genetic algorithms
Rasoul Tarkesh Esfahani Sa&#039;id Golabi zahra zojaji -
Open Access Article
67 - Experimental Investigation on the dissimilar laser weld joints between Inconel 625 Superalloy and AISI 430 Ferritic Stainless Steel
Hossein Mostaan Mahdi Rafiei Mohammad Emadi -
Open Access Article
68 - Numerical Simulation Of Heat Affected Zone Microstructure During Laser Surface Melting
M Amin Jabbareh H Asadi -
Open Access Article
69 - Influence of shielding gas composition on weld structure in pulsed Nd: YAG laser welding
M jokar F MalekGhaini M. J. Torkamany -
Open Access Article
70 - Optimization in effect of laser light on increasing the rate of wheat germination
محسن Abbasi مجید Ebrahimizadeh abrishamiThe effects of the physical factors on dielectric characteristics of wheat biological parts were studied. Due to the sensitivity of phytochromes to the red light, the activity of the related enzymes as well as the inner energy and seed entropy during germination ca MoreThe effects of the physical factors on dielectric characteristics of wheat biological parts were studied. Due to the sensitivity of phytochromes to the red light, the activity of the related enzymes as well as the inner energy and seed entropy during germination can be increased through irradiation He-Ne laser light to the plant seed with the wave length of 623nm, which, in turn, leads to the increased energy exchange between the seed and the environment. In this research, wheat varieties as Shiroudi, Zagros, Tajan and Kouhdasht were used under the He-Ne laser (623nm, 0.1 mW/mm-2) in time periods of 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 minutes. Moreover, in order to investigation the radial effects of laser on the traits of the rootlet and the stemlet length on the fresh weight of stemlet and rootlet, number of seedlings, drought weight of stemlet and rootlet, and seed germination, four cultivars of wheat in five replication with factorial experiment as completely randomized design (CRD) have been studied. The results indicated that Zagros variety and Shiroudi variety had the fastest rate of seed germination, with 0.942(N/d) and 0.910(N/d), respectively. The result of this research indicates that cultivar Zagros with 0.006(grf), had he highest drought weight of rootlet among the cultivars. Also results showed that cultivar Zagros had more growth and drought weight of stemlet among the cultivars. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - The Effect of Power and Maximum Cutting Speed on the Material Removal Rate and Cutting Volume Efficiency in CO2 Laser Cutting of Polycarbonate Sheets
Majid Hashemzadeh Mehdi Mahammadi -
Open Access Article
72 - The Effect of Power, Maximum Cutting Speed and Specific Point Energy on the Material Removal Rate and Cutting Volume Efficiency in CO2 Laser Cutting of Polyamide Sheets
Majid Hashemzadeh Reza Poorshaban -
Open Access Article
73 - Experimental Investigation of Effective Parameters at Laser Sintering the Mixture of Iron and Copper Powder
Omid Mir Mohammad Sadeghi Sayed Ali Fatemi Jamal Zamani Ashani -
Open Access Article
74 - Machinability evaluation of Titanium alloy in Laser Assisted Turning
Kamran Puladsaz Razavi Shojae Rezavi Mehdi Tajaddara -
Open Access Article
75 - Formability Study of Steel Tailor laser Welded Blanks (TWB) in Stretch Forming
Mohammad Riahi Ahmad Amini Hossein Bisadi -
Open Access Article
76 - Numerical and Experimental Study of Geometrical Dimensions on Laser-TIG Hybrid Welding of Stainless Steel 1.4418
Mahmoud Moradi Majid Ghoreishi Azam Rahmani -
Open Access Article
77 - Optimizing the Cutting of Inconel 718 Sheets with CO2 Laser by Particle Swarm Algorithm
Saeid Kiani Rasoul Tarkesh Esfahani Zahra ZojajiIn this paper, the impact of different operative variables on the quality of cutting of Inconel material 718 is studied. Utilizing Taguchi test design, the input variables including carbon dioxide laser power and the cutting speed for cutting three different thicknesses MoreIn this paper, the impact of different operative variables on the quality of cutting of Inconel material 718 is studied. Utilizing Taguchi test design, the input variables including carbon dioxide laser power and the cutting speed for cutting three different thicknesses of Inconel 718 alloy were investigated in order to achieve the optimal conditions. After obtaining experimental test results, dataset was modeled using artificial neural networks. The neural network model is then used for evaluating candidate solutions in particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm which is employed for optimization of cutting conditions. The results indicated that when the laser power of is 1714 (W), the cutting speed is 1382 (mm/min) and the thickness of the material is 0.8 (mm), The best quality for cutting Inconel 718 is achieved with a carbon dioxide laser cutting machine. The results of optimal cutting parameters of Inconel alloy with carbon dioxide laser which were obtained by PSO were verified through an experimental test and similar papers. The results of this experimental test were very close to the optimal values of the PSO, which demonstrates the efficiency of neural network model in predicting the quality of cutting and the efficiency of PSO in finding optimal conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Parametric optimization of Nd:YAG laser microgrooving on aluminum oxide using integrated RSM-ANN-GA approach
Salila Ranjan Dixit Sudhansu Ranjan Das Debabrata Dhupal -
Open Access Article
79 - Review of the photodynamic therapy with the approach of different photosensitizers
Parnia Hemmati Seyed Mehdi Tabaie Mina sadat NaderiPhotodynamic therapy is a minimally invasive treatment for diseases such as cancer. The photosensitizer, which acts as a catalyst upon absorption of light, converts oxygen into cytotoxic reactive oxygen species that destroy malignant cells through apoptosis or necrosis, MorePhotodynamic therapy is a minimally invasive treatment for diseases such as cancer. The photosensitizer, which acts as a catalyst upon absorption of light, converts oxygen into cytotoxic reactive oxygen species that destroy malignant cells through apoptosis or necrosis, destroy tumor vasculature, and Stimulate immunity. An active photosensitizer activated by a specific biomarker is able to distinguish healthy from diseased cells, thereby reducing off-target photodamage. The purpose of this study is to introduce and evaluate the performance of different types of photosensitizers in the treatment of various diseases, including skin diseases and skin cancer with the photodynamic therapy method. In this review study, the articles of the last 10 years on the sites google scholar, PubMed, science direct, and Scopus, with the titles of photosensitizers, photodynamic therapy, cancer, skin, and low-power laser were reviewed. There are different treatment methods for cancer, and photodynamic therapy is a promising treatment method for all types of cancer. One of the advantages of this method is the use of non-ionizing radiation, which leads to minimal damage to DNA and surrounding tissues, so this method can improve the method by using different photosensitizers with different optical wavelengths according to the target tissue. treatments with their unique mechanism to have a helpful effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Preparation of nanocomposites of graphene-metal-organic framework based on bismuth by laser ablation in liquid and investigation of optical properties and antibacterial activities of them
Negar Motakef Kazemi Fereydoon Ataei Davoud DorranianPulsed laser ablation (PLA) was used for the first time to synthesis graphene nanocomposites and bismuth-based metal-organic framework (Bi-MOF) in liquid environment. In this work, Bi-MOF nanostructures were synthesized by laser ablation of bismuth target as a connector MorePulsed laser ablation (PLA) was used for the first time to synthesis graphene nanocomposites and bismuth-based metal-organic framework (Bi-MOF) in liquid environment. In this work, Bi-MOF nanostructures were synthesized by laser ablation of bismuth target as a connector center, benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (BTC) as a bridging ligand, and methanol (MeOH) and dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent. In the first step, three samples of Bi-MOF nanostructures were produced in three different ligand concentrations. Then MOF-graphene nanocomposites were produced by Nd:YAG pulsed laser ablation of graphite target in the three obtained Bi-MOF nanostructures samples. The nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) to study the crystal structure, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to determine functional groups, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to present the morphology, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy to evaluate the band gap of the samples. The antibacterial activity of the samples was evaluated against Escherichia coli (E. coli) as Gram-negative bacterium and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) as Gram-positive bacterium. Based on the results, pulsed laser ablation is an environmentally friendly method that is able to produce MOF-graphene nanocomposites in a short period of time, and these nanostructures can be widely used, including in neutralizing harmful bacteria. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Synthesis of Graphene by laser method for using in electrochemical capacitors
shahab khameneh asl Majed NamdarIn this research work, laser scribed technique has been regarded to synthesize graphene on the surface of a DVD and manufacture graphene super capacitors. For this purpose, first, by Hummers method, graphite was converted to graphene oxide (GO) in an acidic environment MoreIn this research work, laser scribed technique has been regarded to synthesize graphene on the surface of a DVD and manufacture graphene super capacitors. For this purpose, first, by Hummers method, graphite was converted to graphene oxide (GO) in an acidic environment containing Sodium nitrate, Potassium permanganate and sulfuric acid. Centrifuges and ultrasonic devices were utilized for the homogenization of graphene oxide solution. GO homogeneous solution was applied on the surface of specific DVDs and the set was dried at room temperature. For GO reduction and transform it into graphene, a suitable laser, with programming of super capacitor particular pattern was used. By applying an energy with the amount of resonance frequency of graphene and oxygen bond, the laser broke the connection and the reduction action and reaching to graphene was done. In this study, the process of graphene synthesis and applying the super capacitor specific pattern were carried out in single step that is the biggest advantage of laser scribed graphene (LSG) method. In present study, TEM was utilized to examine the layered structure of GO, SEM was used for microstructural studies, two tests of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge/discharge (CC) were applied to study the performance and power of energy storage in super capacitors, the XPS was used to investigate elements present in the layer applied on DVD, and the Raman spectroscopy was applied to investigate the quality of prepared graphene through studying G and D peaks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Investigation of 6061 aluminum alloy pulsed laser welding based on the physical models for prediction of hot cracks
hossain ebrahimzadeh hassan farhangi seyed ali asghar akbari mousaviIt is necessary to use a physical model for the relationship between welding parameters and hot cracks. These models are available in micro, meso, and macro-scale. In this research, a sheet of 6061 aluminum alloy was welded by a Nd:YAG laser machine. For the first time, MoreIt is necessary to use a physical model for the relationship between welding parameters and hot cracks. These models are available in micro, meso, and macro-scale. In this research, a sheet of 6061 aluminum alloy was welded by a Nd:YAG laser machine. For the first time, the diameter of the dendritic arm spacing in the aluminum laser weld was measured and the results were compared with the solidification models. Contrary to the prediction of hot crack models, increasing the dendritic arm spacing, decreasing the solidification rate, and the reduction of the strain rate did not reduce hot cracking. However, based on the pre-existing models, preheating should reduce hot cracks, but inversely increases the amount of cracks. The images of high speed cameras and the assessment of crack surface by a field emission scanning electron microscopy showed that in pulsed laser welding, hot cracks will be created in three steps: 1) initiation 2) the first step of propagation 3) the second step of propagation. Propagation in the second step will occur in the newly solidified weak grain boundary of the weld metal. What is finally seen as a crack in the weld seam is the solidification and high temperature cracks and therefore, the models that are considered for continuous fusion welding are required to be modified based on the conditions of the pulsed solidification and melting and the fracture of weak grain boundaries after solidification should also be taken into account. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Pulsed laser surface melting of AISI H13 steel and investigating the effect of TiC powder particle size and concentration on the morphology of MC carbides in the composite coating
محمدعلی بوترابی Ali Dadoo Shahram KheirandishIn this research, the microstructure of the pulsed laser surface melted AISI H13 tool steel was studied. Then, by laser surface alloying with TiC powder, the effect of particle size and powder concentration on superficial composite microstructure was investigated. For t MoreIn this research, the microstructure of the pulsed laser surface melted AISI H13 tool steel was studied. Then, by laser surface alloying with TiC powder, the effect of particle size and powder concentration on superficial composite microstructure was investigated. For this purpose, TiC powders with particle sizes of 1 micrometer and 45 micrometers in layers of different thicknesses were pre-placed on the surface of H13 steel and then subjected to pulsed laser operation. The results showed that in the surface melting, an intermittent cell/dendritic structure developed from the depth to the surface of the molten pool with a higher concentration of alloying elements in the boundary network. With the selected laser parameters, the cooling rate was estimated at one million K/s. In the surface alloying process, the preplaced TiC particles were completely (fine powders) or a partially (coarse powders) dissolved in the melt pool. During subsequent cooling, TiC-type MC carbides precipitated from the melt. Increasing the thickness of the preplaced layer caused the morphology of carbides to be more diverse. The size of precipitated MC carbides was reduced by decreasing the concentration of TiC powder in the melt pool and increasing the particle size of preplaced TiC powder. As the number of MC carbides increased, the cellular/dendritic structures of the steel matrix replaced by coaxial grains. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Phase, microstructure characterization and hardening efficiency of SKS3 tool steel laser surface hardened by a high-power diode laser
Amirsalar Dehghani Amirreza Farnia Mohammad Javad TorkamanyIn this research, the surface hardening of SKS3 cold work tool steel has been performed by high power diode laser with a maximum power 1600 W. The applied powers of 1200 and 1450 W, the scanning speeds of 1.6 to 3 mm.s-1 and working distances of 55,, 70 and 75 mm were a MoreIn this research, the surface hardening of SKS3 cold work tool steel has been performed by high power diode laser with a maximum power 1600 W. The applied powers of 1200 and 1450 W, the scanning speeds of 1.6 to 3 mm.s-1 and working distances of 55,, 70 and 75 mm were applied as test parameters. Microstructure and phase analysis and microhardness measurement were studied by optical microscopy, electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and microhardness testing methods, respectively. The microstructure and phase analysis showed that the hardening process led to the formation of martensite and retained austenite dual-phase structure. The use of laser, created all three states of surface hardening, surface melting and non-hardening. The best result in terms of depth and width of hardening was obtained for samples with energy density of 208-250 J/mm2. The calculation of retained austenite phase percentage and heat input, indicated that an increase in the heat input raised the residual austenite percentage, so that for the sample with maximum heat input, the retained austenite phase percentage was calculated to be approximately 37%. Also, for the sample with the highest heat input (906/J/mm2), the lowest hardness was obtained (653 Vickers) and the sample with lower heat input (725 J/mm2) was owned the highest hardness (760 Vickers). Investigations of the values of hardening efficiency showed that the hardening conditions are not improved only by increasing the laser energy density, but to obtain highest hardness and appropriate microstructure, the optimum amount of power and scanning speed is needed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Effect of geometry of laser surface texture and droplet volume on contact angle with Ti6Al4V substrate
Gholamreza Dabbagh seyed khatiboleslam Sadrnejad Reza Shoja Razavi Amirabbas Nourbakhsh Nahid Hassanzadeh NematiImplant surface modification by creating laser surface texturing is the best known method to increase adhesion. The best pattern of laser surface texturing is still unknown. In order to investigate other features of the new pattern proposed by the authors, in this resea MoreImplant surface modification by creating laser surface texturing is the best known method to increase adhesion. The best pattern of laser surface texturing is still unknown. In order to investigate other features of the new pattern proposed by the authors, in this research, first, the new surface patterns of intersecting lines with angles of 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 degrees on the surface of Ti6Al4V alloy using pulse Nd: YAG laser was created. Then the contact angle of water droplets was measured by two methods: 1- recording and analyzing the image of the droplet and 2- using Extrand and Moon equations. Water droplets were selected in two volumes of 1 μlit and 25 μlit. Using metallurgical microscope, SEM, applying Wenzel and Cassie equations and drawing the corresponding diagrams, the effect of the angle between the lines, height, separation, and width of the surface texture columns on the contact angle of the droplet was investigated. The classical model of textures wettability was determined. The results showed for droplet with volume of 1 μlit the contact angle in both methods is almost constant and independent of the angle of the intersecting lines which is in good agreement with the results of previous researches. For droplet with volume of 25 μlit the contact angle in both methods is variable and dependent on the angle of the intersecting lines. The classical model of textures wettability in both droplet volumes is consistent with Wenzel's model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - The Effect of Nd-YAG Laser in Photodynamic Treatment on LN-CaP Cells
هما محسنی کوچصفهانی محمد نبیونی محمدحسین مجلس آرا الهه امینیPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a novel and promising method for cancer treatment.PDT is based on 3 factors including Photosensitizer (Ps), light with an appropriate wavelength and oxygen. Interaction between Ps and visible light can induce death ofcancer cells.The purpos MorePhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a novel and promising method for cancer treatment.PDT is based on 3 factors including Photosensitizer (Ps), light with an appropriate wavelength and oxygen. Interaction between Ps and visible light can induce death ofcancer cells.The purpose of this study is evaluating combined effect of Aminolevulenic acid (5-ALA) as Ps and homogenous beam of solid state laser (Nd-YAG with speciall wavelength and power to induce death of prostate cancer cells and to determine the type of death.In this assay , using 0.3 mM 5-ALA (precursor of Protoporphyrin IX =PpIX as Ps) for 5h incubating period in dark and hemogenous beam of solid state laser (Nd-YAG with 532nm,50mW was evaluated viability of LN-CaP cells by MTT assay was evaluated formation of PpIX in cells. In addition type of cell death induced were determined using by hocsht staining .24h after treatment, significant reduction in number of cells in PDT groups compared to ALA group without laser and laser group without ALAwere seen. Administration of ALA were caused increased production of chief Ps(PpIX) in cells.Using hocsht staining apoptotic cell death in ALA-PDT groups were indicated.PDT treatment of LN-CaP cells with 0.3 mM 5-ALA for 5h incubatingperiod in dark and hemogenous beam of Nd-YAG laser with 532nm,50mW for 3 min caused increase PpIX formation and induced considerable apoptotic cell death. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Experimental Study of the Effect of Laser-Cutting Process Parameters on Heat Distribution and Cutting Edge Quality of Steel Sheets
Mahsa Mokhtarian Azam Gasemi -
Open Access Article
88 - Investigation of additive manufacturing of porous Ti-6Al-4V alloy: Geometry analysis for dental applications
Mohammad Hossein Malekipour Esfahani Fatemeh Safdarian Sharif Heydari -
Open Access Article
89 - بررسی اثر سرعت لیزر در خمش ورق فلزی توسط لیزر با استفاده از تحلیل عددی و تجربی در مکانیزم گرادیان حرارتی
حسن مسلمی نائینی ولی اله پناهی زاده محمد حسین پور گللو سیامک مزدکدر این مطالعه فرایند گرمایش خطی با لیزر برای سه سرعت مختلف بهصورت تحلیل عددی و آزمایش تجربی بررسی شده است. تحلیل عددی از نوع تحلیل کوپله (حرارتی- مکانیکی) و با استفاده از نرم افزار ANSYS صورت گرفته است. همچنین برای آزمایشهای تجربی ورقهای فلزی به کمک لیزر توان پائین، ش Moreدر این مطالعه فرایند گرمایش خطی با لیزر برای سه سرعت مختلف بهصورت تحلیل عددی و آزمایش تجربی بررسی شده است. تحلیل عددی از نوع تحلیل کوپله (حرارتی- مکانیکی) و با استفاده از نرم افزار ANSYS صورت گرفته است. همچنین برای آزمایشهای تجربی ورقهای فلزی به کمک لیزر توان پائین، شکلدهی شدهاند. قبل از انجام آزمایشها، ابتدا روش طراحی آزمایشهای عاملی کامل (Full Factorial Design) انتخاب و با توجه به این طراحی، قطعههای مورد نیاز با اندازهها و ضخامتهای معین تهیه شد. این آزمایشها با لیزر CO2 با بیشترین توان (200 وات) انجام و پس از آن برای افزایش دقت اندازهگیری زوایا، با استفاده از دستگاه CMM قطعات شکلدهی شده، اندازه گیری شدند. سپس تحلیل آماری روی نتایج آزمایشهای تجربی صورت گرفت. نتایج بدست آمده تطابق خوبی بین نتایج آزمایشهای تجربی و تحلیل عددی را نشان میدهد. از نتایج بدست آمده میتوان گفت که رابطة عکس بین افزایش سرعت و زاویة خمش وجود دارد. در ضمن با افزایش سرعت لیزر نرخ کاهش زاویة خمش آهسته تر میشود. همچنین برای نقاط نزدیک به مسیر حرکت لیزر، با افزایش سرعت لیزر، شدت افت دما بیشتر میشود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - investigating the effect of porosity Percentage on heat transfer in plastic injection molds created by selective laser melting
Seyed mostafa MirTabaei Afshin Judaki Morteza Taher NiyaIt is not possible to fabricate the complex geometry of coherent cooling channels with conventional machining methods, so channels can be created in the mold using additive manufacturing processes such as selective laser melting. Parts created by selective laser melting MoreIt is not possible to fabricate the complex geometry of coherent cooling channels with conventional machining methods, so channels can be created in the mold using additive manufacturing processes such as selective laser melting. Parts created by selective laser melting always have porosity, and the amount of porosity depends on process parameters. On the other hand, the ability to make porous materials with a selective laser melting process has made these materials with features such as lower density and better heat transfer in the aerospace industry, automobile, medical uses and heat exchangers to be the attention of researchers and according to Porosity Percentage, in addition to directly affecting mechanical properties, also affects heat transfer. In this research, the effect of porosity on heat transfer in the mold was investigated. First, the model and mold were designed, in order to investigate the effect of porosity, four simulation models with volume porosity percentage of 0, 10, 20 and 30% were performed and analyzed in the software. The analysis of the results shows that the increase in the percentage of porosity in the mold causes a faster increase in temperature in the mold, also with the increase in the percentage of porosity in the mold, the speed of temperature decrease in the mold increases. And the cooling of the part happens faster. Examining the results of the maximum thermal gradient of the non-porous material compared to the material with 30% porosity shows a 21% increase in the thermal gradient in the porous material Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - The effect of eight weeks of swimming training, cell and laser therapy on the expression of IL-2, IL-10 and STAT-3 genes in testicular tissue in azoospermia model rat.
seyed sasan Hoseyni Habib Asgharpour پروین فرزانگیpurpose: Azoospermia means lack of sperm in semen. One percent of all men and ten percent of infertile men suffer from azoospermia, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of eight weeks of swimming training, cell and laser therapy on the expression of I Morepurpose: Azoospermia means lack of sperm in semen. One percent of all men and ten percent of infertile men suffer from azoospermia, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of eight weeks of swimming training, cell and laser therapy on the expression of IL-2, IL-10 and STAT-3 genes in testicular tissue. It is azoospermia in rats. Methods: Forty 6- to 8-week-old rats were randomly selected, and then the azoospermia model was induced with Busulfan at a dose of 40 mg in mice. One month after induction of the model, stem cells were transplanted once in the vas deferens at the rate of one million cells per mouse. Then, one week after cell transplantation, a laser with a wavelength of 632.8 nm and a power of 10 mW and energy 3 joules were applied in three repetitions throughout the study period with an interval of once a week, and after improving the effects of surgery, swimming training were performed for 30 minutes and 5 days a week for 8 weeks. Results: The results showed that induction of azoospermia model caused a significant increase in IL-2, IL-10 and STAT-3 genes compared to healthy group rats (P≤0.05). Also, performing the interventional methods of laser therapy, cell therapy and exercise significantly reduced the expression of these genes in the testicular tissue of rats compared to the patient group (P≤0.05). Conclusion: Swimming exercise in combination with cell and laser therapy may help the fertility of azoospermia model rats by reducing testicular tissue inflammation signaling. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Temperature Analysis of Laser Cladding Process with Mathematical Modelling
Amir Mohammad SedighiLaser Cladding is one of the processes that is considered in manufacturing of different objects such as airplane blades and shafts. Many studies have been presented to optimize this process, but there is a research gap in the field of temperature simulation effect. The MoreLaser Cladding is one of the processes that is considered in manufacturing of different objects such as airplane blades and shafts. Many studies have been presented to optimize this process, but there is a research gap in the field of temperature simulation effect. The reason for the importance of temperature simulation is the direct correlation of the temperature gradient with the properties of manufactured object. The purpose of this study is to simulate temperature field of laser cladding process with COMSOL6.0 software. After verification of presented temperature with previous study with 0.2 % error, parameter studies including temperature dependent parameters and heat loss are presented verses temperature, time and laser power were presented with mathematical models. Manuscript profile