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Open Access Article
1 - The Role of Psychological Environment of Educational Spaces in the Self-esteem of Adolescents (Case Study: Shiraz Secondary School for Girls)
Kimia Sadat Tabibzadeh هادی کشمیری Hamid saghapourPaying attention to environmental psychology in the design of educational spaces, in addition to improving the quality of the space, can cause positive mental effects of the user of the environment. Since girls have different growth and maturity characteristics than boy MorePaying attention to environmental psychology in the design of educational spaces, in addition to improving the quality of the space, can cause positive mental effects of the user of the environment. Since girls have different growth and maturity characteristics than boys and in the future they will also play the role of mothers in the family, it is very important to pay attention to their mental and psychological characteristics. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the role of environmental psychology of educational spaces in the self-esteem of adolescent girls and also to determine the more effective features of environmental psychology in the self-esteem of this group of society. The independent variables of the research were the psychology of the school environment and its components, and the dependent variable of the research was the students' self-esteem. The research method used is relational correlation which was done with library studies and survey method. Available books, articles and documents, personal observation, interviews, Rosenberg's self-esteem questionnaire, and the researcher's questionnaire of environmental psychology have been research tools. After the studies, the environmental psychology questionnaire was created by the researcher, adjusted and according to Cochran's formula, it was randomly completed by 382 students from second secondary girls' schools in Shiraz city, who were selected by targeted non-probability sampling method. The information obtained from the questionnaires was analyzed with SPSS software to achieve the objectives of the research. The findings have shown that school architecture can influence the self-esteem of female adolescent students through the science of environmental psychology, and the correlation coefficient between the physical and spatial component of environmental psychology with adolescent self-esteem is higher than the correlation coefficient between the functional component of environmental psychology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Impact of media literacy education on attitudes towards violence in adolescents’ users of violent computer referring to the game nets of Qom city in 2013
sarallah shojaei طاهره دهداری محمد شجاعی طاهره رحیمیBackground: Today, the greatest victims of violent and undesirable messages of media are children and youth. One of the ways of immunization against the effects of video-games is media literacy education to this group. Because, media literacy education can be develop cr MoreBackground: Today, the greatest victims of violent and undesirable messages of media are children and youth. One of the ways of immunization against the effects of video-games is media literacy education to this group. Because, media literacy education can be develop critical thinking in its audiences. The present study, consequently, intends to determine efficiency of media literacy learning in lowering violent behaviors evinced by players of violent video games. Materials and methods: In this study, a number of 100 adolescent violent video gamers who referred to Qom game nets were selected by random sampling method. They were asked to fill in questionnaires on their demographical information, and Attitudes Towards Violence then were randomly divided into two groups: intervention group and control group. After arrangement of courses required for media literacy acquisition, educational intervention was undertaken intervention group. To analyze the data SPSS software was used Findings: Results showed that neither groups had significant differences in their average attitude to violence scores in pre-intervention phase. After termination of intervention phase in one month, however, results showed that there is a significant difference in average attitudes towards violence scale in intervention group as to control group (P=0.0001): positive attitudes to violence were diminished in intervention group. Conclusions: Acquisition of media literacy can reduce effects of video games on attitude to violence level of young players. This is essential to lodge basics of media literacy in textbooks and produce preventive programs in this regard. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The Role of Media Literacy with the Mediation of Social Capital in Family Relationships (Case Study: Clients Aged 14 To 18 Years Covered By the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee of Tehran Province)
seyedabolfazl parpanchi Somayeh Tajik Ismaeili Leila Niroomand Nazanin MalekianThe purpose of the present study was to determine the role of media literacy through the mediation of social capital in family relationships, which was done by descriptive-correlation method and structural equation design. The statistical population of the research is a MoreThe purpose of the present study was to determine the role of media literacy through the mediation of social capital in family relationships, which was done by descriptive-correlation method and structural equation design. The statistical population of the research is all male and female children between 14 and 18 years of age who were supported by Imam Khomeini Relief Committee (RA) of Tehran province in 1401. The sample size of the study was 400 people from the mentioned community who were selected by random one-stage cluster sampling method. Content validity was checked by qualitative method and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient for questionnaires. The results of the research showed that social capital has an effect on family relationships. Media literacy affects family relationships as well as social capital, and finally, the research results showed that social capital has an indirect effect on the relationship between media literacy and family relationships. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Study the Effects of Satellite Programs on Social Development of Adolescents (Case Study: Boys and Girls Students of High School in Twentieth Area of Karaj)
Leila Niroomand Zahra MohammadzadehToday satellite as one of the main media and means of transmission and extension of social and cultural values plays significant role in behavior of adolescents and young people especially students and their social behavior change. Growing spread of satellites, immorali MoreToday satellite as one of the main media and means of transmission and extension of social and cultural values plays significant role in behavior of adolescents and young people especially students and their social behavior change. Growing spread of satellites, immorality and widespread corruption in society and falling some young people into a decline, increasing prevalence of alcoholic beverages and creation of western groups reflect growing impactof these satellite channels on their audiences. Purpose: a phenomenon that in teenage years can cause change in level of social development of adolescents is satellite and its programs.at the end of adolescence, social development is completed and adolescent as a social adult has come to be one of the member of the society .thus , in the present study main hypothesis of the relationship between watching satellite programs and level of social development in adolescents was investigated. Our research theory is based on social learning and cultivation theory. Method: the statistical population of the research was all 12213 highschool boys and girls in karaj 20th district and 382 students were selected as a sample. special questionnaire was completed by each individual. Stepwise multivariate regression analysis, independent sample t-test , multivariate analysis of variance and LSD post hoc test are used to study the relationships between variables and analyze data and test research hypotheses. SPSS software was used to minimize error. In addition to these indicators, deviation from normal distribution was studied by Kolmogorov-smirnov test in each group of data. Conclusion: research was analyzed and studiedregarding purposes and questionsand coefficient of determination final standard F=157,7 is significant in level p <0.0001, which reveals the main hypothesis of this study has been confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Social-cognitive determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption among Rafsanjan female students, 2018-19: Application of social cognitive theory
Zahra Soleiman Ahari Mostafa Nasirzadeh Mohammad Asadpour Leili Mazar -
Open Access Article
6 - The association of dietary acid load with metabolic syndrome: A cross-sectional study
Pegah Rahbarinejad Ariyo Movahedi -
Open Access Article
7 - Identify and analyze the factors affecting the institutionalization of sport culture in children and adolescents
omid safari gholamreza safari mohamad niknam sogra azadifar fatemeh ghafariThe present study aims to identify and analyze the factors influencing the institutionalization of the culture of exercise in children and adolescents from the viewpoint of physical education teachers in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad. The method of this descriptive survey MoreThe present study aims to identify and analyze the factors influencing the institutionalization of the culture of exercise in children and adolescents from the viewpoint of physical education teachers in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad. The method of this descriptive survey is survey. The population of this study is about 480 students of all physical education colleges in the province. A sample of 200 physical education teachers from Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad was considered. Based on the results of Pearson correlation coefficient test, there is a meaningful relationship between the factors of family, social and cultural factors on the institutionalization of exercise culture in children and adolescents because the level of significance is 03%. That hypothesis is approved with 97% confidence. Also, family activities and peer groups affect the institutionalization of culture of sport in children and adolescents from the teachers' point of view of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad. The activities of governmental institutions (sports organizations, schools and media) on the institutionalization of culture of sport in children and adolescents have affected teachers from the Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad provinces. The joint activities of the public and private sectors on the institutionalization of the culture of exercise in children and adolescents are influential from teachers' point of view of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad. Facilitating activities on the institutionalization of sport culture in children and adolescents in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad there is a positive and significant effect. Therefore, it is appropriate to identify the factors affecting the institutionalization of sports culture and to emphasize these factors in order to promote children's sports. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - A critical re-reading of the legislator's Nissan in criminalizing the most obvious forms of child abuse in the new legislative approach
bohan khateri Nasrin Mehra Mohammd ali Mahdavi sabet Nourooz KargariChild abuse is a behavior and situation in which a child becomes a victim of torture and physical, emotional, sexual, emotional, neglectful, and sometimes structural abuse. The World Health Organization considers the issue of child abuse to be significant in four areas; MoreChild abuse is a behavior and situation in which a child becomes a victim of torture and physical, emotional, sexual, emotional, neglectful, and sometimes structural abuse. The World Health Organization considers the issue of child abuse to be significant in four areas; Physical child abuse, sexual child abuse, emotional child abuse, and neglect. The first anti-child abuse law in Iran was approved in 2002 in order to implement international documents and to respond to the call of organizations and institutions supporting child rights and to create a deterrent against the phenomenon of child abuse. With the discovery of the shortcomings of the law and after about two decades, this brief law in 1399 was completely repealed and replaced by another new law. Despite the fact that the Iranian legislature in 2002, according to the Law on the Protection of Children and Adolescents, in particular, considered physical abuse of children in addition to emotional and psychological abuse, criminalized and punishable, in recent amendments, despite compensating for some shortcomings of the previous law And address issues such as child sexual abuse and child abuse due to neglect; But in general, the most obvious form of child abuse, namely physical child abuse and mental child abuse, has been forgotten, and this important issue has been removed from the examples and scope of child abuse criminalization in Iranian law in complete disbelief and completely ignored by the legislature Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The Effectiveness of Family-Centered Therapy Program on the Mental Health of Children and Adolescents with Bipolar Disorder and the Marital Satisfaction of Their Parents
Zahra Goharikamel Ahmad Alipour Gholamali Afrouz Katayoon Razjouyan -
Open Access Article
10 - Cultural Content Analysis of Films Screened at Roshd International Film Festival in 1397 (Case Study: Children and Adolescent Film Festival)
Seyyedeh Alavieh Noori Abbasali GhaiyoomiAbstractIntroduction & Objective: In this study, the cultural content of films screened at the Roshd International Film Festival in 1397 has been analyzed. The studied films are the selected films of the Children and Adolescent Film Festival.Research Method: This re MoreAbstractIntroduction & Objective: In this study, the cultural content of films screened at the Roshd International Film Festival in 1397 has been analyzed. The studied films are the selected films of the Children and Adolescent Film Festival.Research Method: This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature and the method is descriptive-survey (quantitative-qualitative). Data collection tools have been done using the documentary method in the form of library studies and the use of reputable sites that publish articles and research in the field of literature. The statistical population of the studied films consists of children and adolescent films. Accordingly, films have been selected for the audiences of elementary and secondary school. The statistical population for quantitative analysis of research and evaluation of the research items screened in films is composed of reviewers and experts of Roshd International Film Festival.Results: The results show that the average opinions of judges in educational, training, scientific, and cultural factors were 26, 28, 29, and 38, respectively. Therefore, the cultural factor has been considered more in these films than in other cases.Conclusion: The 48th Roshd International Festival could show educational, training, scientific, and especially cultural indicators in children and adolescent cinema and perform its tasks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - investigating the criminal laws and regulations on children and adolescents in Iranian law and its effect on reducing social harms
sadegh khademi Ali janipour Karam janipourThe purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of criminal laws and regulations on domestic law and its role in reducing social Harmes. The study population is law students in Yasuj and Shiraz, from which 250 people were selected and according to Cochran's for MoreThe purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of criminal laws and regulations on domestic law and its role in reducing social Harmes. The study population is law students in Yasuj and Shiraz, from which 250 people were selected and according to Cochran's formula, 152 people were studied as a sample size by simple random sampling. The method used in this research is quantitative and a questionnaire. The data obtained from the questionnaire are analyzed using SPSS statistical software at two levels.In the first level, it has been analyzed using descriptive statistical methods (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and in the second level, using inferential statistical methods (one-sample t-test). findings show that strict laws such as imprisonment along with deterrent laws and alternative social punishments can play an important role in reducing social harms. In addition, the Office for the Protection of Children's Rights approved in 1399 is a new idea that can play an important role in reducing social harms if appropriate approvals are implemented. In addition, pre- and post-penal repair mechanisms play an important role in reducing social harms. Efforts to reduce social harm through domestic laws and regulations can also provide an indigenous model for reducing this social problem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The role of individual, family and social factors in explaining cyber-victimization
issa khajvand ahmadi Sara EbrahimiThis study aimed to identify the relationships between self-concept, parent-adolescent communication and peer-victimization with cyber-victimization which was done using a correlation method. The research population consisted of all adolescent girls 12 to 18 years old i MoreThis study aimed to identify the relationships between self-concept, parent-adolescent communication and peer-victimization with cyber-victimization which was done using a correlation method. The research population consisted of all adolescent girls 12 to 18 years old in Tehran, whom 326 adolescents were selected as samples with use of virtual snowball sampling. Participants in this study answered the online Cyber-Victimization Scale (Buelga et al., 2019), brief version of AF5 scale (García-Grau et al. 2014), Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale (Purcell, 2007) and Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale (Joseph & Stockton, 2018). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 and Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis (enter). Results indicated that self-concept, parent-adolescent communication and peer-victimization predict the experience of cyber-victimization among students, including problem-free communication and verbal victimization and social manipulation by peers as risk factors for increasing cyber-victimization; social & physical self-concept and open communication as protective factors against cyber-victimization. These findings underscore the importance of paying attention to the use of cyberspace by adolescents and its dangers and planning and doing the strategies to reduce the negative effective factors related to cyber-victimization and harms and create and improve positive protective factors by the family and the education system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - The Role of Individual, Family and Social Factors in Explaining Cyber-victimization
Issa Khajvandahmadi Sara EbrahimiSocial harms in any society is considered as one of the main threatening factors of the social system and is one of the factors slowing down the development cycle and in some cases its deterrent. Therefore, success in dealing with social harms represents success in deve MoreSocial harms in any society is considered as one of the main threatening factors of the social system and is one of the factors slowing down the development cycle and in some cases its deterrent. Therefore, success in dealing with social harms represents success in developing and improving the social life of society. One of these harms, which is itself the result of the development of society and the spread of information and communication technology, is the victimization in cyberspace. Therefore, the present study was conducted to identify the relationship between individual and family factors as well as peers with victimization in cyberspace. The research population consisted of all adolescent girls 12 to 18 years old in Tehran, whom 326 adolescents were selected as samples with use of virtual snowball sampling. Participants in this study answered the online Cyber-Victimization Scale (Buelga et al., 2019), brief version of AF5 scale (García-Grau et al. 2014), Parent-Adolescent Communication Scale (Purcell, 2007) and Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale (Joseph& Stockton, 2018). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 and Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis (enter). Results indicated that self-concept, parent-adolescent communication and peer-victimization predict the experience of cyber-victimization among students, including problem-free communication and verbal victimization and social manipulation by peers as risk factors for increasing cyber-victimization; social & physical self-concept and open communicationas protective factors against cyber-victimization. These findings underscore the importance of paying attention to the use of cyberspace by adolescents and its dangers and planning and doing the strategies to reduce the negative effective factors related to cyber-victimization and harms and create and improve positive protective factors by the family and the education system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Explaining the optimal functions of environment in terms of socializing educational and cultural centers for adolescents (Case Study of the Center for the Intellectual Development of Children and Adolescents)
paniz molavi nojoumi Sara Jalalian omid dejdarBackground and Objective: Adolescents need the most basic environmental features, namely the need for social power in the environment The purpose of this study is to investigate physical, non-physical and perceptual characteristics to explain the optimal environmental a MoreBackground and Objective: Adolescents need the most basic environmental features, namely the need for social power in the environment The purpose of this study is to investigate physical, non-physical and perceptual characteristics to explain the optimal environmental affordances in order to obtain maximum socialization in adolescent educational and cultural settings.. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytic study carried out in two sections. The first part deals with theoretical framework with a qualitative approach, reviewing the theoretical foundations of the research. The second part uses a qualitative-qualitative approach and case study method in combination with factor analysis of a large number of variables using SPSS and Smart PLS software to examine the results of the questionnaire. Five Likert scale questionnaires have been developed based on the theoretical framework indicators. Findings: Social spaces are among the ones' and bodies that provide the focus for dynamic activities in certain parts. According to the following six factors, "physical", "non-physical", "personality", "social", "cultural" and "emotional" as the capabilities of each environment, The analyzes showed that in the field of environmental capability, four factors were important (physical, personality, social and emotional) in order to socialize adolescent environments, which demonstrates the provision of peripheral- personality capabilities of these group of individuals. Discussion and Conclusion: the results showed that physical environmental capability is as the most effective factor that it can be expected to increase the socialization of adolescents in cultural-educational spaces with the least change. According to the paths extracted from the PLS model, the path to social capital factors having the highest path coefficient (0.516) is the critical one of the conceptual model of socialization among others. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - A STUDY OF THE FEATURES OF THE ADOLESCENT NOVELS FOR THE SACRED DEFENSE (DAOUD GHAFFARZADGAN, MOHAMMAD REZA BAYRAMI)
Maryam Alkhatib Ali Asghar BabasalarSacred Defense authors were interested in writing stories and novels for adolescents and young adults because of their importance and fundamental role in society, especially during the war. They considered the teenage novel a platform for conveying their thoughts and me MoreSacred Defense authors were interested in writing stories and novels for adolescents and young adults because of their importance and fundamental role in society, especially during the war. They considered the teenage novel a platform for conveying their thoughts and messages to the readers. They tried to document the events of the war imposed on Iran by the Iraqi forces, the accompanying material, and moral sacrifices by the Iranians to defend the homeland, and the negative, psychological and material effects on those who lost their loved ones, homes, and members of their bodies, and how their lives became after all these calamities and misfortunes. In addition, the authors address these issues through ethical aspects. Accordingly, this article aims to study the features of the adolescent novels ethically for the sacred defense based on the works of Mohammad Reza Bayrami (Smoke behind the hill, suspension bridge, and locust shadow) and Daoud Ghaffarzadgan (Ayoub night and Midnight Song) using an analytic-descriptive approach. The results show that both authors encouraged the reader to have two critical moral values. The first is the love of the homeland and sacrifice to defend it, while the other is hope. Because the first aspect is the best solution to war, and the second is the best solution to the psychological effects of war. They showed that a person, despite his pain, weakness, and injury, must accept new circumstances and continue his life with positive thoughts and a strong spirit because despair and weakness are actual losses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Layered Stylistics of the Novel of Hasti (Existence) by Farhad Hassanzadeh
somayeh avarand seyed Ahmad Hosseini Kazerooni seyedJafar Hamidi Mohamad Reza ShahbaziUsing new branches of stylistics and retrieval of appropriate tools for analyzing Persian texts can open a new window to them. the present descriptive and content analysis study attempted to examine the novel of Hasti (Existence) by Farhad Hassanzadeh, which has receive MoreUsing new branches of stylistics and retrieval of appropriate tools for analyzing Persian texts can open a new window to them. the present descriptive and content analysis study attempted to examine the novel of Hasti (Existence) by Farhad Hassanzadeh, which has received a lot of attention in terms of critical stylistics, in the context of narrative and textual macro-layers with the analysis of focalization, the degree of continuity of focalization (variable and multiple focalization) and focalization facets (the perceptual facet of time in order, duration, frequency, location, and the ideological facet), as well as the phonetic, lexical, syntactic, pragmatic and rhetorical sub-layers in relation to its outer layer (situational context). The findings suggested that there are some stylistic variables in the text that has led to the discovery of an ideology and the explanation of current social issues such as war, poverty, etc. On the other hand, the type of employing the sentences with respect to audience analysis has encouraged the adolescent audience to welcome the novel and has led to its national and international success. The present study introduced the critical stylistics of the adolescents’ novel as an applied practice in the field of stylistics studies in children’s literature, and provided a deeper understanding of the adolescents’ novel by analyzing the text. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Effect of training emotional intelligence on components of social adjustment of female adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems with single parents
farzaneh Motamedi Ahmad Beh-Pajooh Mohsen Shokoohi Yekta Gholam Ali Afrooz Bagher Ghobari Ghobari-BonabThe purpose of this study was to evaluate effect emotional intelligence on components of social adjustment of adolescents with single parents in Tehran city. The study utilized a quasi-experimental research method with pretest-posttest and follow-up with control group. MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate effect emotional intelligence on components of social adjustment of adolescents with single parents in Tehran city. The study utilized a quasi-experimental research method with pretest-posttest and follow-up with control group. The population was all adolescents girls 13 to 16 age with emotional and behavioral problems and single parent in Tehran city in 2012-2013 (1392-93 s.c.).The sample of the study selected by a purposive sampling method and11 students in the experimental group and 12 students in the control group were among the adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems who were living in single parent families. This program was offered through workshop which consisted of 10 sessions, two hours per session. The instruments which were used in this study included Need Assessment Checklist, Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and Youth Self Report (YSR); (Achenbach & Reskula, 2001), Social Adjustment subscale of California Personality Inventory (Tiegs, Clark & Thrope, 1941). The obtained data was analyzed using Repeated Measures of Analysis of Variance, which showed that emotional intelligence training program could significantly increase social adjustment in adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems in single parent families. (p<0/01). Participating in the workshop, has led to increasing the social adjustment of adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems that living in single parent. Therefore, it is concluded that emotional intelligence skills training, as basic skills of mental health, can be an effective approach in increasing social adjustment of adolescent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Effectiveness of training based on choice theory and rational emotive behavior therapy on the academic achievement motivation and difficulty adjusting emotionally
Shahrbano nirouzadeh Farideh Yousefi mahboobeh Fooladchang masoud HosseinchariThe aim of this research was to determine the effect of education based on choice theory and rational emotive behavior therapy the academic achievement motivation and Difficulty in emotional regulation. The research design was experimental, with two experimental and one MoreThe aim of this research was to determine the effect of education based on choice theory and rational emotive behavior therapy the academic achievement motivation and Difficulty in emotional regulation. The research design was experimental, with two experimental and one control groups in a pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up. The population of the study consisted of female high school students in first grades in Bushehr in the academic year of 2016-2017. In order to implement the research, 60 students were selected through random selection. After performing the pre-test with McInerney the academic achievement motivation questionnaire and Gertz-Roemer's emotional adjustment difficulty questionnaire, 20 students in the intervention group being taught the theory of rational emotive behavior therapy, and 20 subjects are randomly selected to be taught choice theory and 20 others are subjected as a control group without any intervention. Each experimental group is subjected to an intervention program for 10 sessions (2 sessions per week). The results of mixed analysis of variance showed that the two experimental groups assigned to the reality therapy and rational emotive behavior therapy programs in comparison to the control group significantly increased the academic achievement motivation and reduced the difficulty in emotional regulation and the experimental group receiving the choice theory program shows more increase in the academic achievement motivation. on the other hand, the experimental group receiving the rational emotive behavior therapy shows more decrease in difficulty in emotional regulation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Effectiveness of Social Skills Group Training on Strengths and Behavioral Difficulties in Daughters of Veterans and Martyrs Families
maryam esmaeili mahgol tavakoli Fatemeh Yaghobian leila Esmaeili saeideh MahdaviThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of social skills group training on strengths and behavioral difficulties in adolescents of veterans and martyrs families . The research design was quasi- experimental with control group. In order to perfor MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of social skills group training on strengths and behavioral difficulties in adolescents of veterans and martyrs families . The research design was quasi- experimental with control group. In order to perform, 26 veterans' adolescents daughters ) 13-16 years ( were randomly selected from 26 high school girls in 5 sections of educational system in Isfahan city via random cluster sampling method and then were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The Demographical as well as Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires (SDQ), were administered to them. The results were analyzed using multicovariate analysis by SPSS 16 software. The results showed that in post-test and follow-up (after 4 months), respectively, the means scores of experimental group were significantly higher than control group in strengths (P≤0.021) and (P≤0.003) , but lower in behavioral difficulties in experimental group (P≤0.001) and (P≤0.004). These findings indicated that social skills group training is effective on increasing strengths and decreasing behavioral difficulties in daughters of veterans and martyrs’ families after four months. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - The Effect of Life Skills Training on Social Adjustment and Academic Performance of Adolescent Female Students
Zivar Jamali Paghale Somaye Jamali Paghale Mahnaz Jadidi Feighan Marziyeh NazaryThe aim of the present study was to determine the effect of life skills training on social adjustment and academic performance of guidance- school female students in Yazd city. The statistical research used a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and contro MoreThe aim of the present study was to determine the effect of life skills training on social adjustment and academic performance of guidance- school female students in Yazd city. The statistical research used a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and control group. The population was all guidance school female students of Yazd city in 2011-2012 (1390-91s.c.) academic year. The research sample included thirty second- grade students who were selected through multistage random sampling who were then assigned randomly into two experimental and control groups: The instruments used were California Test of Personality (Thorpe, Clarck & Tiegs, 1953) and students’ grades in the first and second semester of 2011- 2012 academic year. The life skills training included 12 sessions, each 90 minutes, on a weekly basis for training group. The results of analysis of covariance indicated that life skills training is effective on social adjustment and academic performance of adolescent female students (P < 0.001). Therefore, it is concluded that life skills training, as basic skills of mental health, can be an effective approach in increasing social adjustment and academic performance of adolescent female students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Predicting the Membership of Adolescents & Adults in Addict & Non-addict Groups According to Perceived Social Support, Attachment Styles, Identity Styles & Personality Traits
Ali Hosseini Almadani Yoosef Karimi Hadi BahramiThe purpose of the current research was to identify the role of perceived social support, attachment styles, identity styles, and personality traits in discriminating between addict and non-addict groups. In this causual-comparative study, the statistical population inc MoreThe purpose of the current research was to identify the role of perceived social support, attachment styles, identity styles, and personality traits in discriminating between addict and non-addict groups. In this causual-comparative study, the statistical population includes all male addicts (ranging in age from 15 to 25 years old) in Tooska’s rehabilitation camp in Tehran (Afsariye Zone). For sampling, 60 addict males and 60 non-addict males by available sampling were selected. Assessment instrument consisted of NEO-FFI (Costa & McCrae1992), ISI-6G (White et al, 1998), Adult’s attachment styles (Besharat, 1379), and perceives social support questionnaire (Zimmet et al, 1988). Data was analyzed by SPSS-18 software and discriminant analysis method was used. The results showed that these variables can predict the membership in addict and non-addict groups. The 12 predictive variables accounted for 61.7% & 60% of the variance between addict and non-addict groups. By comparing standard coefficients, the most 3 important components in discriminating between groups were respectively: normative identity style, perceived social support, and conscientiousness personality trait. In stepwise discriminatory model, 86.7% of participants were categorized in addict and non-addict groups correctly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - تاثÛر Ø¢Ù Ùزش Ù ÙارتÙØ§Û ÙاÙÛبا٠٠Ø٠٠ساÙ٠بر Ø®ÙØ¯Ú©Ø§Ø±Ø¢Ù Ø¯Û Ø¯Ø®ØªØ±Ø§Ù ÙÙØÙاÙ
Akram kavyani Behrooz Abdoli ali zadmohammadiThe purpose of this research was to determine the effect of volleyball skills training and problem solving on adolescent girls self-efficacy. The research method was semi-experimental and conducted in as pre-test and post-test with four experimental groups.The researc MoreThe purpose of this research was to determine the effect of volleyball skills training and problem solving on adolescent girls self-efficacy. The research method was semi-experimental and conducted in as pre-test and post-test with four experimental groups.The research statistical population consisted of all first grade students of Broujen high schools in the academic year of 2009-2010(1388-89s.c.). The research sample included 60 junior high school students who were chosen by two-stage sampling and were assigned to four groups(n=15) of teaching volleyball based on problem solving technique, teaching volleyball, teaching problem solving, and control. After taking self-efficacy pre- test, the students of interventional groups took part in 90-minutes training program for 10 sessions. Data were gathered by Self-efficacy Scale(Sherer ,1982) . Analysis of covariance(ANCOVA), analysis of variance(ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc tests were used to analyze the data . Results indicated that there were significant differences in the effect of teaching volleyball and problem solving on adolescent girls self efficacy between the four groups(F (3,54) =25.89, p=0.001). Generally, the results reveal that the mixed program caused further improvement of students self-efficacy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Perceived Effects of Predisposing Male Adolescents to Addiction (Family, Attachment, Belief)
rohalah ahoun Ma’soumeh Esmaeily Farahnaz Shakehnia Ali reza Akhlaghi Mohammad Sadegh MontazeriThe aim of this study was to examin if perceived effects can predispose male adolescents to addiction. The population included addicted male adolescents in Tehran Reformatory and male high school students from District the two in Tehran in 2012. The sample was 33 of MoreThe aim of this study was to examin if perceived effects can predispose male adolescents to addiction. The population included addicted male adolescents in Tehran Reformatory and male high school students from District the two in Tehran in 2012. The sample was 33 of addicted male adolescents from Reformatory Who were selected via purposeful random sampling, and 33 students of male high school students which were chosen by cluster sampling. The research type was qualitative. Data were collected by an open-ended questionnaire, a semi-structured interview. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Descriptive statistical analyses and frequency tables were used. The Chi square test was used to examine the differences between groups. The addicted sample in the three factors of family, attachment and belief had more pathology than students. Chi square findings revealed a significant difference between the two groups regarding indices of their parents education, age, job, life status, number of siblings, conflict of parents, emotional deprivation, feelings of deprivation and failure, childhood deprivation, and attention to social and religious values (P 0.005). The findings have important implications concerning prevention and therapy for adolescents disposed to addiction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The Study Effects one of Addiction Preventing Program in Adolescentsâ Self-Esteem, Attitude,Tendency and Knowledge in Substance Abuse
علیرضا رجائی محمدحسین بیاضیAbstract: This research examines influences the effects one of addiction preventing program on self-esteem, attitude, tendency and knowledge of adolescents in substance abuse. This program included the ways of coping with stress and increasing self- assertion, also resi MoreAbstract: This research examines influences the effects one of addiction preventing program on self-esteem, attitude, tendency and knowledge of adolescents in substance abuse. This program included the ways of coping with stress and increasing self- assertion, also resistance ways against peers’ pressure and gave correct information about the substance and substance abuse. The sample comprised subjects from high school boy students of torbat-jaam. These subjects were divided in experimental and control groups. First, the means of pretest and post- test in two groups were compared separately with the paired samples T- Test. The data showed that this addiction prevention program increases self- esteem, and knowledge and decreases tendency of experimental group to drug abuse, but in the control group these effects were not observed. For the second group used independent samples t- Test was used to compare the mean differences the pretest and post-test of the two groups. The data showed that the prevention program only had decreased the tendency of the experimental group towards drug abuse, but there were not significant differences in self- esteem, attitude, and knowledge of the two groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - A Comparison of Three Methods of Drug, Cognitive and Behavior Therapy in Reducing Depression Among Adolescents
اصغر آقایی مرضیه رفیعیان اصفهانی حمیدرضا نیکیار ایران مهدیزادگانThis study was quasi-exprerimental and the purpose was to compare the effectiveness of three methods of drug, cognitive, and behavior therapy in the reduction of depression in adolescents. The subjects in this research were depressed adolescents aged to referred to MoreThis study was quasi-exprerimental and the purpose was to compare the effectiveness of three methods of drug, cognitive, and behavior therapy in the reduction of depression in adolescents. The subjects in this research were depressed adolescents aged to referred to two counseling centers in Isfahan. The depressed were those who had acquired a score of or more on Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and diagnosed as depressed by psychologists and psychiatrists according to DSM-IV-IR criteria. Sixty of the above-mentioned subjects were randomly assigned to four groups of drug, cognitive, behavior therapy and control. The instruments for this research were psychological assessment, beck's Depression Inventory and Demography Questionnaire. Beck's Depression Inventory was used as the pre and post-test. The drug group received anti-depression drugs such as SSRIs (Fluoxetine, Fluvoxamine, Sertraline) or other drug combinations with increased Lithium with effective doses. The two of cognitive and behavior groups therapy took part in seven sessions of hours structured instruction and practice. The control group received no treatment. The variables, age, sex, education and economic status of the subjects were controlled. To analyze the data, percentages, mean, standard deviation and distribution tables were used. As for inferential statistics, covariance analysis and LSD follow-up test were used to compare the groups in pairs. The results indicated that the post-test of depression showed a significant difference between the four groups (P = ). However, there was a significant difference between the means depression of each group and the control group (P = ). The effect of each therapy was as follows: drug therapy percent, cognitive therapy percent, and behavior therapy percent. Finally, the results showod that drug, cognitive and behavior therapy were-effective in the reduction-of depressionin adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - The Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions on Emotional-Behavioral Problems in Bereaved Adolescent Girls
tahereh golkari mehrdad kalantari ahmad abediThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive-behavioral intervention on emotional-behavioral problems in bereaved adolescent girls. Being a quasi-experimental study, the research employed a pretest, posttest and follow-up (one month) design. MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive-behavioral intervention on emotional-behavioral problems in bereaved adolescent girls. Being a quasi-experimental study, the research employed a pretest, posttest and follow-up (one month) design. The statistical population included bereaved high school adolescent girls in Shahin Shahr city in 2011. Of them, 30 students were selected via access sampling method, and were then randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The measurement instrument was Goodman Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (Goodman, 1997). Experimental group received 8 sessions of cognitive-behavioral intervention (each a 90-minute session). The results of analysis of covariance (with SPSS15) showed that cognitive-behavioral intervention had significantly reduced emotional-behavioral problems in bereaved adolescent girls both in post test and follow-up (P gte vml 1]> !vml]--> 0.05). Results also showed a significant difference between groups in all subscales including emotional problems, conduct problems, hyperactivity and peer problem in post test and follow-up (P gte vml 1]> !vml]--> 0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The effect of life review on the rate of anxiety in adolescent girls of the divorced families
سمیه کاظمیانThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of life review on the rate of anxiety in adolescent girls in divorced families. The research method was two groups quasi- experiment with pretest- posttest, and the statistical population was the girl students in MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of life review on the rate of anxiety in adolescent girls in divorced families. The research method was two groups quasi- experiment with pretest- posttest, and the statistical population was the girl students in divorced families in high school and the 6th educational borough of city of Tehran , among them 16 students were selected via access sampling method, and were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups (8 students in control group and 8 students in experimental group). Six sessions for life review training ( each session in 90-Minute ) was performed in the experimental group . The measurement instrument was Cattle Anxiety Questionnaire (Cattle, 1958) and data were analyzed using analysis of Covariance (SPSS16). The results showed that life review have influenced to reduce the rate of anxiety in adolescent girls of divorced families (P < 0/01). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - The Relationship between Perceived ParentingStyles With Female Adolescent's Feeling of Loneliness
خاطره بزرگمهری بوذرجمهری محسن گلپرور ابوالقاسم نوریThe Purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived parental styles and its components with adolescents' feeling of loneliness. To this ends, high school female students from Mashhad and Tabadkan were chosen by multi- stage random sampling. MoreThe Purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived parental styles and its components with adolescents' feeling of loneliness. To this ends, high school female students from Mashhad and Tabadkan were chosen by multi- stage random sampling. The main hypothesis was that, adolescents' perceptions of their parents' child rearing styles could justify and/or alter their feeling of loneliness. Research instruments consisted of (A) Parenting Style and Dimensions Questionnaire, (Robinson, Mandleco, & Olsen, ) which was used to examine subjects' perception status about the qualification of their parents' upbringing ,(B) Loneliness Differential Feeling Scale (Schmidt, & Sermat, ) for estimating participants' feeling of loneliness. The hypotheses of this study were tested by using two variables Pearson product moment correlation coefficient. The results indicated that: There were statistically significant negative relationship (P < ) among Authoritative child- rearing style and all of its components with feeling loneliness (respectively: Authoritative child-rearing style r= ,Relational dimension r= , the Regulatory or control dimension r = , and the Autonomy dimension r= ). Also there were statistically significant positive relationship (P < ) between Authoritarian child-rearing style and all of its components with feeling loneliness (respectively: Authoritarian child- rearing style r = , Physical coercion r = , Verbal hostility r = , and Punitive Non- rosoniny/punitive r = ). Finally here were statistically significant positive relationship (P < ) between Permissive child-rearing style and its component with feeling loneliness (respectively: Permissive child- rearing style r = , and Indulgent dimension r = ). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - The Role of Mothers' Marital Satisfaction on Predicting Anxiety and Self- Concept of Female Adolescents
Mohammad Ehsan Taghizadeh Narges MohammadiThe aim of this study was to investigate the role of mothers' marital satisfaction on the prediction of self-concept and anxiety of female adolescents. The study was a descriptive and correlation research. The population of the study consisted of all female student MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the role of mothers' marital satisfaction on the prediction of self-concept and anxiety of female adolescents. The study was a descriptive and correlation research. The population of the study consisted of all female students in the third grade of guidance schools of Tehran in the academic year 2011-2012 (1390-91s.c.). 144 students of fourth education region in Tehran were selected through cluster random sampling. Research instruments included Cattell's Anxiety Questionnaire (1960), Carl Rogers’ Self-concept Questionnaire (1957) and short form of ENRICH Marital inventory (Olson, 1989).The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and regression analysis. The results of the study indicated that mothers' marital satisfaction, communication, conflict resolution and idealistic distortion can predict anxiety in female adolescents (P < 0.05). Also, mothers' marital satisfaction (P < 0.01), communication (P < 0.05), conflict resolution (P < 0.05), and idealistic distortion (P < 0.01) can predict self-concept in female adolescents. Moreover, subscales of Marital satisfaction can predict 25% of variation in anxiety and 33% of variation in self-concept of female adolescents (P < 0.01). In sum, the results of the study indicate that mothers' marital satisfaction has a role in predicting anxiety and self-concept of female adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - The Role of Attachment in risky behaviors of male high school adolescent students
Hasan Rezaei Jafar Hasani Mohamad MohamadFrom the perspective of the evolutionary psychology, the range of adolescents, the period of the review of psychological symptoms can be considered.The aim of this study was to investigate the role of attachment styles in adolescent’s risky behaviors.The statistic MoreFrom the perspective of the evolutionary psychology, the range of adolescents, the period of the review of psychological symptoms can be considered.The aim of this study was to investigate the role of attachment styles in adolescent’s risky behaviors.The statistical population of the study was 2570 male high school students in Najaf Abad city (Isfahan) in the academic year of 2012-2013. A multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to select 247 of them. Measuring tool included scale attachment styles (Collins & Read, 1990) and Iranian Adolescent Risky Behavior Scale (Zade Mohammadi & et al, 2012). The results of stepwise multi-variable regression analysis indicated that Safe attachment style of hazardous driving components, violence, smoking, and alcohol use high risk behaviors with 4, 6, 8, and 11 percent of their variance, respectively, and negatively predicted respectively. The avoidant attachment style predicted components of drug use and friendship with the opposite sex by explaining 13 and 8 percent of their variance and ambivalent attachment style, predicting the components of friendship with the opposite sex and sexual relationship and sexuality by explaining 6 and 5 percent of their variance.These results indicate that attachment styles play an important role in the tendency and prevention of risky behavior in the students and young adults. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - The Effect of Family Functioning on the Incidence of Delinquency in adolescents in Tehran Correctional Center
Armindokht Ahamdi Seyed Mehdi Saberi Said pournaghash tehrani Ali Akbar ArjmandniaThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of family functioning on delinquency in delinquent adolescents in Tehran Correctional and Rehabilitation Center. This is a descriptive and correlational study. Statistic society included delinquent adolescents who MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of family functioning on delinquency in delinquent adolescents in Tehran Correctional and Rehabilitation Center. This is a descriptive and correlational study. Statistic society included delinquent adolescents who were in the Correctional Center. Of 300 adolescents who had stayed in correctional center in 1396, there were175 adolescents who had at least two times referred to correctional center. They were being selected and assessed as the study group. Mc -Master Family Assessment Questionnaire (Epstein, Baldwin & Bishop, 1983) was been used to measure the family function and the Multidimensional Delinquency Scale of Adolescents and Youth Corporations (Sahami, 1396) to measure delinquency in the study. The results showed that family function explained 56 percent of variance of delinquency. Lack of emotional companionship with beta 12, failure to resolve the problem with beta 9.05, lack of control behavior with beta 7.7, lack of emotional integrity with beta 6.8, lack of communication with beta 3.6, and failure to handle correct roles with beta 2.8 are Suitable predictors for delinquency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Predicting social media addiction in adolescent student based on depression and narcissistic personality considering the mediating role of self-disclosure
Haydeh Haeri simin bashardoust Hayede SaberiThe aim of this study was to predict social media addiction in adolescent student based on depression and narcissistic personality by considering the mediating role of self-disclosure. The study was descriptive and correlational design and from the sample of correlation MoreThe aim of this study was to predict social media addiction in adolescent student based on depression and narcissistic personality by considering the mediating role of self-disclosure. The study was descriptive and correlational design and from the sample of correlation schemes and the statistical population included all male and female high school students in Tehran, from which 300 students were selected using multi-stage cluster method. Data were obtained through questionnaires of Social Network Orientation and Use (Momeni and Taghilo, 2016), Beck Depression Inventory (1978), Narcissistic Personality (Raskin & Terry, 1988) and Virtual Self-Disclosure (Chelon, 1978). Data were analyzed by multivariate regression analysis in SPSS-20 statistical software. The findings showed that there is a significant effect between depression, narcissistic personality and self-disclosure with social media addiction (p=0/01). Also, the proposed model had a good fit (c2/df=3/09, CFI=0/971, AGFI=0/926, GFI=0/973, RMSEA=0/083) and the results support the mediating role of self-disclosure in relation to narcissistic personality and self-disclosure and social media addiction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - The phenomenological approach of adolescents' challenges to remarrying their parents
Zeinab Heidari Sudejani Maryam Gholamzadeh JofrehStudy of phenomenological approach the challenges of parental marriage from the perspective of adolescents can guide parents and adolescents towards a better life and better quality relationships between adolescents and their parents. The aim of this study was a phenome MoreStudy of phenomenological approach the challenges of parental marriage from the perspective of adolescents can guide parents and adolescents towards a better life and better quality relationships between adolescents and their parents. The aim of this study was a phenomenological approach to adolescents' challenges to remarrying their parents. This research was a qualitative phenomenological study and thematic analysis has been used to analyze the data. Data were theoretically saturated and analyzed through semi-structured interviews with 18 adolescent girls and boys aged 11 to 20 years using purposive sampling method. Five main themes including: examining adolescents' emotional issues, experiencing problems in the path of adjustment, examining adolescents' behavioral issues, the importance of family role and deterrence of socio-cultural issues in the path of adolescents' admission .According to the issues mentioned by adolescents can be obtained from five main themes and seventeen sub-themes, identify issues of interest to adolescents and give to parents, children and counselors to improve relationships and help with the challenges of remarriage. Family reunification and remarriage during adolescence can have a number of risk factors for children. Gaining information about adolescents' perspectives on this can provide a wealth of information for everyone. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Self- harm Behavior Affected by Mentalization and Family Relationships in high school Girl's Adolescents 14-18 years old (Qualitative Research)
fariba karimi kiiumars farahbakhsh abdoallah moatamedi Hossein SalimiAbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the self-harm behavior caused by the state of mentalization and family relationships in adolescent girls in the city of Avan. The study was conducted using qualitative method and grounded theory of the theory with sem MoreAbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the self-harm behavior caused by the state of mentalization and family relationships in adolescent girls in the city of Avan. The study was conducted using qualitative method and grounded theory of the theory with semi-structured interviews. The survey was performed on 9 adolescents 14-18 years old with self-harm behavior that were selected using purposeful sampling method.Based on the findings, a set of factors such as vulnerable emotions, auto-mentality, stress and irritability, weakness in emotional management, tendency to relieve and calm, intentionality, low flexibility, and signs of depression have played a role in self-harm. Also, factors such as lack of intimacy, independence, security, confidence, empathy, support and understanding between the parents and the child have created self-harm. both of which are components of mentalization. The most important consequences are patterning for peers, academic failure, the occurrence of mental and physical problems, the field of escape from home and the field of suicide attempt. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Comparison of the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy and emotional regulation on the symptoms of attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder and anxiety in female adolescents with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder
parisa abootorabi kashani Farah Naderi sahar Safarzade fariba hafezi zahra eftekharsaadiThis study aimed to compare the effect of dialectical behavior therapy and emotional regulation on the symptoms of attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder and anxiety in adolescents with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder. The statistical population of the st MoreThis study aimed to compare the effect of dialectical behavior therapy and emotional regulation on the symptoms of attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder and anxiety in adolescents with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder. The statistical population of the study included all-female high school students in Tehran in the academic year 2019-2020. Using a purposive sampling method, 45 of them were selected and randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group (15 students in each group). To collect data , the Connors, Erhardt & Sparrow (1999) Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Questionnaire and Anxiety Questionnaire of Bimaher (1997) were used. The research method was semi experimental with pre-test, post-test design, and follow-up with the control group. The experimental groups underwent dialectical behavior therapy (12 sessions of 60 minutes) and emotional regulation (8 sessions of 45 minutes). The follow-up was inducted after a month period. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results showed that both dialectical behavior therapy and emotional regulation were effective in reducing the symptoms of attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder and students' anxiety (p<0.01). Also, the results of the analysis of covariance indicated that dialectical behavior therapy had a greater effect on reducing symptoms than emotional regulation. Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder and Student Anxiety Improvement (p<0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - The qualitative study of transmitted shame and guilt feeling from parents in male adolescents with history of Self- injury
Ali Gharadaghi Iraj Hamrang salaam rahimiThis study was conducted with the aim of knowing the views of Self-injury adolescents about the feelings of guilt and shame transmitted from their parents to make them aware of the nature of this subject. This study was a qualitative one and statistical population was w MoreThis study was conducted with the aim of knowing the views of Self-injury adolescents about the feelings of guilt and shame transmitted from their parents to make them aware of the nature of this subject. This study was a qualitative one and statistical population was whole high schools of Baneh' city that selected three schools by cluster random sampling method. After screening, 7 male teenage students with self-harming behavior were interviewed.The main method of data collection was semi-structured interviews and data were analyzed by inductive qualitative content analysis method. The validity of this study was rooted in four pillars: "Credibility, Transmissibility, Confidentiality and Confidence." The six of intrinsic were extracted and in the three main categories, including the type of guilty and shameful feelings, the sources of transferring feelings of guilt and shame and the consequences of the transfer of feeling guilty and shame were categorized. The Kind of thoughts (expectations) and negative behaviors of parents played a key role in the formation of negative emotions such as guilt and shame of adolescents and their tendency towards Self-mutilation behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - The effect of rumination-focused cognitive behavior therapy on negative self-evaluation and suicidal ideation, versus mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in depressed adolescent girls aged 14 to 19 committing suicide: two-month follow up
Hadi Izanloo Fatemeh Shahabizadeh Seyed Kaveh Hojjat Seyed Abdolmajid BahrainianSuicide attempt is on the rise among adolescent girls due to negative cognitions, so the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Rumination-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (RFCBT) versus Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on negative self-evaluat MoreSuicide attempt is on the rise among adolescent girls due to negative cognitions, so the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Rumination-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (RFCBT) versus Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on negative self-evaluation, and suicidal ideation among depressed girls adolescents aged 14 to 19 attempting suicide. This study was a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test with a control group. Thirty-three depressed adolescent girls attempting suicide who were referred to the emergency department of Samen Al-Aeme and Imam Hassan Hospitals in Bojnourd from October 23, 2019 to March 5, 2020, after having the inclusion criteria, were selected with targeted sampling method, then randomly divided into three groups of rumination-focused cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (10 individual sessions) and control. The research tools included Depression Inventory-2 (Beck & Steer, 1993) and Suicide Probability Scale (Cull & Gill, 1989). Findings obtained from Analysis of covariance showed that both interventions had a significant effect on reducing negative self-evaluation and suicidal ideation at the time of post-test (p <0.001) and follow-up (p <0.05), and this effect was stable during the two-month follow-up period. Therefore, both interventions can reduce negative self-evaluation and suicidal ideation in different ways (decreased rumination and increased mindfulness) but without superiority, so it is recommended to use these two interventions in times of depression and in times of suicidal crisis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - The effect of academic buoyancy and academic self-handicapping on life satisfaction of second high school students mediating by adolescent perception of parenting educational methods
soheila sabzichy zabih pirani Firoozeh ZangenehThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of academic buoyancy and academic self- handicapping on life satisfaction of second high school students through the mediation of adolescent perception of parenting educational methods by path analysis. The statistical MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of academic buoyancy and academic self- handicapping on life satisfaction of second high school students through the mediation of adolescent perception of parenting educational methods by path analysis. The statistical population included students of Arak city who were studying mathematics, experimental and humanities in the Second Period public high schools and were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The number of sample people was considered as 719 students, considering the probability of failure in completing the questionnaires. Data collection tools included Academic Boyancy Questionnaire (Dehghanizadeh & Hossein Chari), Academic Self- handicapping (ASHS) ( Schwinger & Stiensmeier-Pelster), Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction (MSLSS) (Huebner) and Adolescent Perception of Parenting Educational Methods (POPS)( Robbins). The obtained data were analyzed by the structural equation model of latent variable type. In order to verify the model's fit, the values of the ratio of chi-square to degree of freedom, (RMSEA), (CFI), (NFI), (TLI), (IFI) and Cronbach's alpha were reported that indicate appropriate model reliability. Findings showed that buoyancy and academic self- handicapping have a direct and significant effect on life satisfaction and adolescent perception of parenting educational methods. The direct effect of the mediating variable on life satisfaction was also confirmed. By doing this research, by observing educational problems or lack of mental health and identifying the factors affecting it in students, appropriate programs can be implemented to increase life satisfaction in students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - The Comparison of Psychological Problems in Adolescent Girls with and without Breast Cancer Mothers
Soodabeh Bassak NejadThe aim of this study was to compare the Psychological Problems in Adolescent Girls with and without Breast Cancer Mothers. This study was a comparative research. The statistical population consisted of all adolescent girls between the ages of 13 to 18 years who referre MoreThe aim of this study was to compare the Psychological Problems in Adolescent Girls with and without Breast Cancer Mothers. This study was a comparative research. The statistical population consisted of all adolescent girls between the ages of 13 to 18 years who referred to the oncology ward of Golestan Hospital of Ahvaz for 6 months as a companion mother with cancer and all adolescent girls between 13 to 18 years Ahvaz city without cancer mother. Using convenience sampling, 57 adolescent girls were identified for the group with the cancer parent (mean age 16/31) and 57 for the without cancer parent group (mean age 16.02). In order to collect information, NOPQ (Robichuad & Dogus, 2005), Hopelessness Scale (Beck & et al., 1974) and Pecieved Stress Scale (Chohen et al., 1983) was used. The results of analysis of variance indicated that there was a significant difference between negative orientation problem and hopelessness between two groups (p<0.05) that is girls with cancer mother had high Negative Orientation to Problem Questionnaire and hopeless than girls without cancer mother but in perceived stress, there was no significant difference between two groups of adolescent girls with and without cancer parents (p = 0.9). The results of this study suggest that psychological factors in adolescent girls with a parent with cancer should be addressed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Comparing The Effect of Discussion Through Social Media and Conventional Group Discussion On Knowledge, Attitude and Health Behavior of Girl Adolescents
Seyed Abbas Razavi Marzieh Kalbali Gholamhosein RahimidoostThe main objective of this study was to compare learning health knowledge, attitude, and behavior through social media discussion vs classroom discussion. In this experimental design with control group, 40 girl students in 7th grade of secondary schools in Abadan were s MoreThe main objective of this study was to compare learning health knowledge, attitude, and behavior through social media discussion vs classroom discussion. In this experimental design with control group, 40 girl students in 7th grade of secondary schools in Abadan were selected with cluster sampling and group's random assignment experimental and control. The experimental group received five sessions of presentations in class plus five groups discussion via social media. the control group received same instruction through classroom presentation and discussion. A researcher-made questionnaire was used. Questionnaire validity was confirmed by experts. Its reliability was approved by Cronbach test (calculated alpha for knowledge, attitudes, and behavior subscale was 0.73, 0.81, and 0.90). The pre-test and post-test data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) method. Results showed significant differences between experimental and control groups on health knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. It revealed that for adolescents’ health education, discussion thorough social media is more effective than classroom discussion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - The function of allegory in conveying concepts based on wisdom and advice in children's stories of the eighties
Somayeh Rasooli Seyed Ahmad i Hosseini Kazerun seyedmahmood seyedsadegi seyedgafar hamidiAllegory has a special place in literature, especially in children's literature. But in the allegory, the characters of the story do not play a role in their place; Rather, each character represents a certain stratum in society or a certain individual. In allegorical st MoreAllegory has a special place in literature, especially in children's literature. But in the allegory, the characters of the story do not play a role in their place; Rather, each character represents a certain stratum in society or a certain individual. In allegorical stories, an instructive and instructive point is stated by using the language of an example, and in this way, the audience does not feel that they are being directly addressed and admonished from a higher or even equal position. and in addition, the concepts intended by the author are better understood by the audience. This method is very practical and effective, especially in the case of children's and adolescent literature. Children communicate better with allegorical stories, especially fables, and the concepts become understandable and enjoyable for them. In this research, using a descriptive-analytical method and using library tools, the function of allegory in a number of children's stories of the 80s has been explored to convey the concepts of wisdom and advice, and each work is considered to be allegorical or not from the point of view of how the story is processed. And the inclusion of legal, moral, spiritual or social instructions and points has been examined. The result of the research shows that the use of all kinds of allegory, especially the fable type, can lead to the creation of an educational work based on advice and wisdom, and the use of allegory creates an enjoyable and entertaining atmosphere in the story. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Brain derived neurotrophic factor of adolescents not improved after 8 weeks resistance training
Fatemeh Dalaeli Rahim Shirazi-nezhad -
Open Access Article
43 - Mother's Role in Disposition of High Risk Adolescents Behaviors
F. S. MarashianProminence has always been given to family as one of the major institution in socialization, values and attitudes transference from the society to its new young generation. Since in the Islamic text the woman is to take heed as mother and wife so in this study we invest MoreProminence has always been given to family as one of the major institution in socialization, values and attitudes transference from the society to its new young generation. Since in the Islamic text the woman is to take heed as mother and wife so in this study we investigate the mother’s role in disposition of high risk adolescents’ behaviors. Having basic skills by the parents could decrease the stress inside their family and lead to reasonable and normative confrontation with children’s problems, specially the adolescents. The young people are too vulnerable to be at risk and great dangers may impend over their present and future health more than others. Parents’ emotional neglect, particularly the mothers’ can cause that the adolescents consider any least lapse or omission of the parents as unkindness toward themselves. Therefore they may suffer from lack of sense and self confidence. These conditions make them to withdraw from any rationality and find refuge in their fancy. Such a feeling leads to anxious insecurity and finlly to high risk behaviors by the adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Structural Equation Modeling of Parent-Adolescent Conflict Relationship with Emotional Disorder in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Experience Avoidance
tayebeh azizi hasan amiri karim afshari niaThe aim of this study was to determine the fit of the structural relationship model of parent-adolescent conflict with emotional dysregulation with the mediating role of experience avoidance in adolescents in Tehran. The statistical population of the study included 13 t MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the fit of the structural relationship model of parent-adolescent conflict with emotional dysregulation with the mediating role of experience avoidance in adolescents in Tehran. The statistical population of the study included 13 to 18 year old adolescents in Tehran. Using available sampling method, 400 people (200 female adolescents and 200 male adolescents) were selected as the sample and according to the Asadi and Younesi adolescent parent conflict conflict questionnaire. (2011), Avoiding the Experience of Bond et al. (2007) and Graz and Romer (2004) responded to emotional dysregulation. Structural equation model and IBM AMOS24 software were used for data analysis. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between parent-adolescent conflict and emotion dysregulation (p <0.05). Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between parent-adolescent conflict with emotional dysregulation with the mediating role of avoiding experience (p <0.05). The results also showed that the relationship between parent-adolescent conflict and emotional dysfunction with the mediating role of experience avoidance was higher in boys than girls (p <0.05). Based on the research findings, it can be said that parents should be asked to provide as much ground as possible for adolescents to gain new and useful experiences to increase their self-confidence and thus even resolve the conflict between themselves and their child. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Effectiveness of Positive Youth Development Education to Parents on psychological capital and anxiety of female adolescents
zohreh soheili salek noorali Farrokhi Kambiz PoushanehAim: The purpose of the research was to teach positive youth development to parents and to investigate its effectiveness on psychological capital and anxiety of adolescent girls. Method: The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test design and contr MoreAim: The purpose of the research was to teach positive youth development to parents and to investigate its effectiveness on psychological capital and anxiety of adolescent girls. Method: The research method was semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test design and control group. The research population included all the students of the female junior high schools in district one of Tehran city and the research sample was 30 girls, who were selected through available sampling method and randomly placed in groups. The experimental group participated in the positive development training program of Hossein-Abad et al, 2018 during 12 two-hour sessions. The data collection tool was anxiety questionnaire (Spielberger, 1970) and psychological capital (Luthans, 2007). Data were analyzed using SPSS 24 software and analysis of covariance. Result: The results indicated that the mean post-test scores of the experimental group have increased significantly in psychological capital (F=21.199, P<0/05) and there has been a significant decrease in the component of anxiety state (F=4.688, P<0/05), which indicates the effectiveness of teaching positive youth development to parents on anxiety state and psychological capitals of adolescents. Conclusion: Emphasizing the components of the positive youth development in teaching parenting skills to parents leads to the reduction of anxiety in adolescents and the promotion of psychological capital in them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Adolescents' experiences of domestic violence during the covid-19 pandemic (a qualitative phenomenological study)
fariba sheikhsoveini maryam gholamzadeh jofreh Regar MohammadIIntroduction: Adolescence is one of the most vulnerable developmental periods. Purpose: This research aims to explain the general structure of the phenomenon of domestic violence during the covid-19 pandemic in the context of the family, to understand and understand the MoreIntroduction: Adolescence is one of the most vulnerable developmental periods. Purpose: This research aims to explain the general structure of the phenomenon of domestic violence during the covid-19 pandemic in the context of the family, to understand and understand the lived experience of adolescents in the covid-19 epidemic. Method: This research was conducted using a qualitative phenomenological method. The research community was made up of adolescents who were victims of domestic violence who referred to the counseling center located in Ahvaz city from 1399 to 1400. The data were collected by in-depth semi-structured interview and analyzed by Collaizi's method. Findings: Data analysis led to the formation of 4 main themes and 10 sub-themes. The main themes are "aggravating factors of domestic violence", "experienced forms of violence", "damages caused by domestic violence" and finally "Adolescents' reaction to violence". The results showed that the restrictions caused by Corona's imprisonment, non-attendance of education were factors that aggravated domestic violence in these era.The forms of violence experienced by the participants were verbal and physical. Raiding, scolding, teasing, humiliating, threatening, yelling were among the most frequent verbal violence experienced by adolescents. All the participants in this research experienced verbal violence and almost 40% of them experienced physical violence. Violence in all its forms has led to the physical and mental vulnerability of adolescents. Conclusion: Among the most important coping strategies used by the participants, we can refer to: taking refuge in religion and spirituality, seeking help from experts and looking for new hobbies.Extended AbstractIntroductionCrises and catastrophic events, including epidemics, have always been accompanied by an increase in interpersonal violence. In a situation where families are in quarantine and the economic crisis increases family stress, teenagers are more vulnerable to violence than ever .Experiences of violence during adolescence can have long-term harmful effects in adolescence and can have negative intergenerational effects, which emphasizes the need for special knowledge of adolescents about the epidemic .This research was conducted to answer the question of how teenagers experienced violence during the stressful time of the pandemic.MethodologyThis research is a type of qualitative study that was done by phenomenological method. The statistical population of this research was selected from all adolescents who experienced violence during this period. A total of 10 participant aged between 10 and 22 were interviewed. The samples were analyzed as deeply as possible through semi-structured interviews, and their interviews were analyzed using the seven-step Collaizi method, and concepts and codes were extracted.Results and discussionThe demographic characteristics of the samples are shown in the following table:table 1: demographic characteristics of the samplesAccording to the participants' experience, the findings of this research have provided a clear understanding of the aggravating factors of violence during the pandemic.The participants considered the closing of schools and the new and challenging experience of non-attendance education as one of the important factors that aggravate violence. The participants considered the most violence related to online education to be lack of concentration, boredom, lack of competition, loss of motivation to learn, lack of control over the use of phones and pornographic sites. Another factor aggravating violence that was extracted from the participants' data was related to house arrest due to the spread of Covid-19. The long-term presence of family members at home, the elimination of family and friendly entertainments and gatherings, becoming more sensitive to deficiencies and minor assaults, have greatly increased the level of aggression.LimitationsThe samples were from one city (Ahvaz) and maybe the results cannot be generalized to all adolescents of Iranian . Another limitation is related to the subject of the research, that due to the sensitivity of the issue of violence and shame caused by committing violence or being a victim of violence, more time was spent to build trust, this issue was more severe for sexual violence.AcknowledgementsI thank all the teenagers who shared their experiences.FundingThis research was related to the doctoral thesis and was carried out at personal expense. No financial aid was received in this regard.Ethics approval and consent to participateParticipants gave informed consent to participate in this research. Regarding the secrecy and confidentiality of the participants' information, they were assured at all stages of the research.Conflict interestsAccording to the authors, this article has no conflict of interest. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Developing, Validation, Reliability and Normalization of Moral Behavior Scale among Adolescents
Arezou Delfan Beiranvand Khosrow RashidIntroduction: This study was conducted with the aim of developing, validation, reliability, and normalization of moral behavior scale among adolescents. Research Methodology: The study was carried out in two phases. In the first phase (qualitative part), the existing t MoreIntroduction: This study was conducted with the aim of developing, validation, reliability, and normalization of moral behavior scale among adolescents. Research Methodology: The study was carried out in two phases. In the first phase (qualitative part), the existing theoretical foundations of moral behaviors were studied and categorized by the use of the content analysis method. In the second phase (the quantitative part), based on the findings of content analysis, a 35-items scale was developed to measure two identified factors called negative and positive behaviors. The research method was descriptive-correlational, and the statistical population included all adolescents of Hamedan in the academic year of 2021-2022. The sample size included 1093 people who were randomly selected through multi-stage cluster sampling method, and they completed the researcher-made scale. To examine the validity of the scale, exploratory factor analysis, content validity method, and concurrent validity, and to investigate the reliability of the scale Cronbach alpha were used. Findings: The results of exploratory factor analysis specified 2 factors named negative and positive behaviors.The estimated Cronbach alpha reliability coefficients for the whole scale was 0.862, and subscales of negative and positive behaviors were 0.918, 0.920 respectively. Normative information of this scale is also reported. Conclusion: According to the results, moral behavior scale has suitable validity and reliability, and can be used in various organizations. Manuscript profile -
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48 - Evaluation of the Effectiveness of PositivePsychology Education on Psychological Well-being and Academic Achievement (Case Study: Adolescent Female JuniorHigh School Students in Abadeh(
Elahe Aslami Hashemi Ardekani Seyed Javad The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychology education on psychological well-being and academic achievement of female junior high school students in Abadeh city.The research method was quasi-experimental pre-test a More The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychology education on psychological well-being and academic achievement of female junior high school students in Abadeh city.The research method was quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test with experimental and control groups. The statistical population of this study consisted of female junior high school studentswho were studying in Abadeh city in the academic year 2020-2021. Thirty students were selected by purposive sampling and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. In order to collect research data, Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale (1989) and Pham and Taylor (1999) Academic Achievement Scale were used. The experimental group was trained in positive psychology for 10 sessions and the experimental group did not receive any training. In order to analyze the data, the statistical method of analysis of covariance of multivariate using SPSS software version 22 was used. The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference (P <0.001) in psychological well-being and academic achievement of adolescents between the two groups of experiments and control. positive psychology education significantly increased psychological well-being and the academic achievement of adolescent female junior high school students of Abadeh thus we can teach it to students in schools. Manuscript profile -
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49 - Predicting general health of adolescents based on perceived social support and social maturity
Samineh BahadorijahromiThis research aimed to investigate the predicting general health of adolescents based on perceived social support and social maturity. This study was a cross-sectional from type of correlation. The population of research included all adolescents’ students in high MoreThis research aimed to investigate the predicting general health of adolescents based on perceived social support and social maturity. This study was a cross-sectional from type of correlation. The population of research included all adolescents’ students in high school second period of Varamin city in 2016-17 academic years. From them 350 person were selected by multistep cluster sampling method and all of them completed the questionnaires of general health (Goldberg and Hillier, 1979), perceived social support (Zimet and et al, 1988) and social maturity (Raol, 1973). Data was analyzed with Pearson correlation and multivariate regression with enter model methods. The findings showed perceived social support and social maturity had a positive and significant relationship with general health of adolescents. Also perceived social support and social maturity could predict 45/1 percent of variance of general health of adolescents that in this predicting the share of social maturity was higher than perceived social support (P<0/01). Regarded to results to improve the general health of adolescents increase the rate of perceived social support and social maturity of them. Also counselors, officials and planners must consider the symptoms of mentioned variables and design and implementation appropriate programs to improve the general health of adolescents. Manuscript profile -
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50 - The relationship between emotional regulation and cognitive inhibition for tendency to risky behaviors in girl adolescents in Mashhad
Sara Mirzaei Feyzabadi Elahe Molavi Najme TaheriOne of the most important characteristics of adolescents is the high rate of committing risky behaviors in certain age and developmental conditions. The purpose of this study was investigation the relationship between emotional regulation, cognitive inhibition and risky MoreOne of the most important characteristics of adolescents is the high rate of committing risky behaviors in certain age and developmental conditions. The purpose of this study was investigation the relationship between emotional regulation, cognitive inhibition and risky behaviors of female adolescents. The statistical population of this study included all high school girl students in Mashhad in year 96. In this research, 206 female students in two age groups (13-14-15 and 16-17-18) with available sampling were included in the descriptive-analytic study. To collect data were used risky behaviors and emotional regulation questionnaires and Go-No go task. Findings from statistical methods of correlation and one way ANOVA showed that there was a significant relationship between risky behaviors scores and emotional regulation, as well as risky behaviors and cognitive inhibition and there were observed among the risky behaviors, drug behavior, violence, driving, and the total score of risky behaviors, as well as among emotional regulation scores, the scores for not accepting emotional responses, the difficulty in performing purposeful behavior, lack of emotional awareness, Limited access to emotional regulation strategies and total score between two girls' adolescent groups. So we find that Excitement is one of the important factors influencing risky behaviors and unsufficiency of inhibition can be one of the underlying causes of tendencies to delinquency risky behaviors in adolescents. It is essential to identification of effective factors in the outbreak of risky behaviors and the formulation of prevention programs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Predictors of opium in adolescents: individual, family and social factors
Hasan Rezaei jamaloei Shima Mansourifar Mahdi taheri Sajad AminimaneshConsidering the risks of opium use among adolescents and Need to identify the components and dimensions of these behaviors In order to design appropriate and effective interventions, the aim of this study was conducted to determine the predictors of Opium Use (Individua MoreConsidering the risks of opium use among adolescents and Need to identify the components and dimensions of these behaviors In order to design appropriate and effective interventions, the aim of this study was conducted to determine the predictors of Opium Use (Individual, family and social) among students. The research method was descriptive correlational. The statistical population of the study was all male high school students in Isfahan in 1397, who were selected using the cluster random sampling method of 201 people and were evaluated by the drug consumption profile and the drug status status questionnaire. The research instruments included the standard questionnaire of drug consumption profile (Mohammadkhani, 2007) and the questionnaire on the status of drug use (Mohammadkhani, 2006). Data analysis results were performed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression. The results correlation coefficient showed that were significant positive correlation betweenOpium Use in a lifetime with components Attitudes toward drug use, hopelessness, sensation seeking, impulsivity, family conflict, parental attitudes to drugs, family monitoring, irregularities social environment, a sense of commitment to school and school psychosocial environment of profile of risk use drug (p<./05) .Also the resultsStepwise regression analysis showed that Components of attitudes to drug usepredictive variance Opium Use in a lifetime with components to explain the 47 percent. Also attitudes toward drug use and hopelessness 17 percent of variance the opium use in the past month and 17 percent of variance the opium use in the past 12 monthpredictive and explain. According to the resultscan be saidopium Use by adolescents is a multi-factor and multi-level and Major factors determining there are At multiple levels: individual, social and family that Should for intervention, prevention, control opium are be considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Comparison the Effectiveness of Hope Therapy and Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy on Anger and Anxiety of Adolescents
Mahshid Khalili Dooabi Kourosh Goodarzi Javad Karimi Mehdi RoozbahaniThe aim of this research was comparison the effectiveness of hope therapy and cognitive behavioral psychotherapy on anger and anxiety of adolescents. The research method was a quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design. The research population was including all f MoreThe aim of this research was comparison the effectiveness of hope therapy and cognitive behavioral psychotherapy on anger and anxiety of adolescents. The research method was a quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design. The research population was including all female high school students in Khorramabad city in the academic years of 2017-18. A total of 90 people were selected by available non-random sampling method and randomly replaced into two experimental groups of 45 people. The first experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 90 minute the hope therapy and the second experimental group underwent 10 sessions of 90 minute the cognitive behavioral psychotherapy. The groups in the pretest and posttest stages answered to the questionnaires of Novaco anger (1986) and Cattell anxiety (1975) and the data were analyzed by independent t and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS version 22 software. The results showed that both methods of hope therapy and cognitive behavioral psychotherapy led to reduced anxiety and anger of adolescents (p < 0.05). The hope therapy compared to the cognitive behavioral psychotherapy was more effective in reducing anxiety (p < 0.05), but between them there was no observed significant difference in reducing anger (P>0.05). Considering to the effectiveness of both methods of hope therapy and cognitive behavioral psychotherapy in reducing anxiety and anger of adolescent, counselors, therapists and clinical psychologists can use both methods, especially hope therapy to reduce anxiety and anger of adolescent. Manuscript profile -
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53 - The role of social support, spiritual health and health literacy in predicting the tendency to risky behaviors in adolescents
Hasan Broki Milan Ali Shaker Dolagh Ali KhademiThis study aimed to determine the role of social support, spiritual health and health literacy in predicting the tendency to risky behaviors in adolescents. The present research was cross-sectional from correlation type. The study population was high school students in MoreThis study aimed to determine the role of social support, spiritual health and health literacy in predicting the tendency to risky behaviors in adolescents. The present research was cross-sectional from correlation type. The study population was high school students in West Azerbaijan province in the academic years of 2019-2020. The research sample was 560 people who were selected by randomly multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data were collected with using questionnaires of social support (Vaux & et al, 1986), spiritual health (Palutzian & Ellison, 1982), health literacy (Ghanbari & et al, 2016) and tendency to risky behaviors (ZadehMohammadi & et al, 2011) and were analyzed with correlation and multiple regression methods in SPSS-25 software. The results of the analyzes showed that all three variables of social support, spiritual health and health literacy had a significant negative relationship with the tendency to risky behaviors in adolescents. In addition, three variables of social support, spiritual health and health literacy had a significant role in predicting the tendency to risky behaviors in adolescents (p < 0.05). According to the results of the present study, it is necessary to reduce the tendency of risky behaviors by professionals and therapists by increasing social support, spiritual health and health literacy in adolescents. Therefore, counselors and psychologists to reduce risky behaviors in adolescents can increase social support, spiritual health and health literacy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Investigate the effectiveness and sustainability of creative drama on social adjustment of aggressive gifted adolescents
Shadi Ahadifar Samira Vakili Simin Hoseinian Soghand GhasemzadehAggression is common in adolescents and one of the psychological characteristics of adolescents is an increase in the tendency to aggressive behaviors and aggressive adolescents usually have problems in social adjustment. Therefore, present research conducted aimed to i MoreAggression is common in adolescents and one of the psychological characteristics of adolescents is an increase in the tendency to aggressive behaviors and aggressive adolescents usually have problems in social adjustment. Therefore, present research conducted aimed to investigate the effectiveness and sustainability of creative drama on social adjustment of aggressive gifted adolescents. This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest and one month follow-up study and a control group. The research population was aggressive gifted adolescents in talented girls' schools in the second district of Tehran city during the academic years of 2019-20. Considering the inclusion criteria 30 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in 12 two-hour sessions weekly in the creative drama program and the control group did not receive any training. The data were collected in the pretest, posttest and one month follow-up stages by aggression questionnaire (Bass and Perry, 1992) and the social adjustment subscale in the California test personality (Tiegs and et al, 1953). The data were analyzed by chi-square, repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test in SP-19SS software in the significant level of 0.05. The results showed that the experimental and control groups did not significant difference in terms of course of study and age (P>0.05). Also, the creative drama method led to increase social adjustment in aggressive gifted adolescents and the results remained stable in the follow-up phase (p < 0.001). According to the results, counselors and psychologists can use the creative drama method along with other methods to improve the psychological characteristics of adolescents, especially their social adjustment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Prediction of Internet addiction based on resilience and motivational self-talk in adolescents
shekoofeh mottaghi tahera gholami Mohammadreza FarzanExcessive and incorrect use of the Internet and related technologies by adolescents is one of the common and important problems of our society. Addiction to the Internet in adolescents has negative and destructive consequences for them and the society. Therefore, the pr MoreExcessive and incorrect use of the Internet and related technologies by adolescents is one of the common and important problems of our society. Addiction to the Internet in adolescents has negative and destructive consequences for them and the society. Therefore, the present research was conducted with the purpose of predicting Internet addiction based on resilience and motivational self-talk in adolescents. This research was descriptive of the correlation type. The statistical population of this research included all second year high school students of Bahabad city in 2018, of which 100 were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The tools used in this research were Internet Addiction Questionnaire (Young, 2009), Resilience Questionnaire (Connor & Davidson, 2003), and Motivational Self-Talk Questionnaire (Brinthaupt, et al., 2009). Data analysis was done using SPSS-21 statistical software and statistical methods of Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression analysis. The findings showed that there was a negative and significant relationship between resilience and motivational self-talk with Internet addiction in adolescents. Also, there was a positive and significant relationship between resilience and motivational self-talk. In addition, 14% of the variance of internet addiction readiness is explained and predicted by resilience with beta (0.294) and motivational self-talk with beta (0.181). Therefore, considering that Internet addiction in adolescents can have adverse physical and psychological effects, it is very important to pay attention to the role of resilience and motivational self-talk in preventing possible problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - The Issue of Tone in Translation of Child and Adolescent's Literary Works (Case Study: The Little Prince translated by Mohammad Ghazi and Ahmad Shamloo)
Shojaa NaynavaMany believe that translating Child and Adolescent's literary works is a very simple job and a good translation of Child and Adolescent's works is simply the replacement of words and the relative adherence to the sentence structures. But this is not true because transla MoreMany believe that translating Child and Adolescent's literary works is a very simple job and a good translation of Child and Adolescent's works is simply the replacement of words and the relative adherence to the sentence structures. But this is not true because translation is a very complex process and is influenced by many factors such as the type and manner of expression in the original text, the translator’s ability to convey the content and above all the tone. Therefore, in the present article, an attempt has been made to investigate the issue of tone in translating Child and Adolescent's literary works with a comparison of the translations of The Little Prince by Mohammad Ghazi and Ahmad Shamloo. The results show that there are weaknesses in selecting the appropriate tone for chidren and adolesencts by the tow translaors. Because Ghazi used very formal sentences that are suitable for adults and on the other hand, Shamloo used colloquial language and conversational sentences that are not suitable for children and adolescents. Manuscript profile -
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57 - The Analysis of Dramatic Discourse with a Layered Stylistics Approach in the novel of Hiccup Moments by Ahmad Akbarpour
somayeh avarand Seyyed Ahmad Hosseini Kazerouni Seyed Ja&#039;far Hamidi mohamad reza shahbaziDiscourse is a term used for examples of language usage and how it affects the audience, including the language of communication, or larger linguistic units such as interviews, conversations, texts, etc. Therefore, discourse manifests in a variety of forms. Sometimes it MoreDiscourse is a term used for examples of language usage and how it affects the audience, including the language of communication, or larger linguistic units such as interviews, conversations, texts, etc. Therefore, discourse manifests in a variety of forms. Sometimes it manifests as a lecture, sometimes a novel, and sometimes as a play or script, and the like. With this mission of discourse, it appears that in some of the texts, especially novels, two or more types of discourse can be distinguished due to the circumstances and the type of sentence structure. The present descriptive-analytical study tried to first define the discourse and then to examine dramatic discourse with respect to the stylistic characteristics of the novel of Hiccup Moments by Ahmad Akbarpour. The findings indicate that the obvious style of the novel is satyre and is structurally close to a play or screenplay, so that if the author has chosen the play and screenplay forms instead of the novel to express his ideology, he would have been still successful. Manuscript profile -
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58 - The role of self-compassion and percieved parenting styles on creative thinking of adolescents..
Parima Noroozi Somaye RobatmiliThis study aimed to explaining the role of self-compassion and percieved parenting styles on creative thinking of adolescents. This study was a correlational – descriptive design. The study population was consisted of all high school boy students of Tehran city (d MoreThis study aimed to explaining the role of self-compassion and percieved parenting styles on creative thinking of adolescents. This study was a correlational – descriptive design. The study population was consisted of all high school boy students of Tehran city (district 2) in 2018. 313 students were selected by randomly cluster sampling methods in this research. Instruments for gathering data were the percieved parenting styles questionniqre (Grolnick, 1997), Abedi’s creativity assesment (1984), self-compassion questionnaire (Neff, 2003). Data were analyzed using SPSS.v21 software and statistical tests such as Pearson correlation coefficient and Setpwise regression analysis. The results of analysis showed that there is statistically significant relationship between some components of parenting styles and self-compassion and creative thinking of adolescents. Also, the results of stepwise regression analysis indicated that some components of parenting styles and self-compassion significantly predicted 17 percent of variances in creative thinking of adolescents.. With regards to findings, it seems that parenting styles and self-compassion have important role in creative thinking of adolescents. Applying the findings was discussed theoretical and practical Manuscript profile -
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59 - Study the relationship between personality traits with creativity and general health in adolescents
Monir Kalantar Ghoreishi Roghaye Einolah Zadegan FLor Rezaei Kargar Background: Creativity is one of the most concepts in psychology that it passes many years of study it, but yet relation between it and mental health is controversial issue. Purpose: The aim of this study was investigation the relationship between creativity and More Background: Creativity is one of the most concepts in psychology that it passes many years of study it, but yet relation between it and mental health is controversial issue. Purpose: The aim of this study was investigation the relationship between creativity and general health in adolescents. Method: 125 girl students of Pre-university in Tehran were selected by random cluster sampling method and responded to creativity questionnaire of Abedi and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and Multivariate regression. Result (s): Results showed that creativity positively correlated with general health and predicted it. Investigating in components of general health demonstrated that creativity negatively correlated with depression and predicted it (P<0/05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that fostering creativity is an effective way into adolescents’ mental health promotion. Manuscript profile -
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60 - Mediating role in the relationship between perceived risk of emotional safety psychological vulnerability in adolescents with social anxiety disorder
Maryam Darzi Azadboni Mohammad Kazem Fakhri Bahram MirzaianThe purpose of this study was to model the mediating role of emotional immunity in the relationship between risk perception and psychological vulnerability in adolescents with social anxiety disorder. The method of this research was correlation research based on structu MoreThe purpose of this study was to model the mediating role of emotional immunity in the relationship between risk perception and psychological vulnerability in adolescents with social anxiety disorder. The method of this research was correlation research based on structural equation modeling method. The statistical population of this study was all first grade students in the second high school of Sari in the academic year of 1398-98. 260 individuals were selected using stage sampling method and responded to Randomo & Aborson Risk Perception Questionnaire (2004), Social Anxiety Inventory (SPI), Psychological Injury Questionnaire (SCL-25) and Bruner et al. (2008) Emotional Safety Scale. They gave. The statistical method of the research was structural regression equations according to Spss24 and Amos23 software. Results showed that the research model was fit and 66% of the variable of psychological vulnerability could be explained by risk perception and emotional safety. There was also a significant negative correlation between the components of risk perception and emotional safety with psychological vulnerability. The results of this study emphasize the necessity of risk perception as well as the mediating role of emotional immunity on adolescents' psychological vulnerability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - The Effectiveness of Psychological capital of adolescents
Fateme Khosravi Tahmores AghajaniPurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Psychological capital of adolescents of Tehran in 2018. Methodology: The method used in this study was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection, a quasi-experimental design wi MorePurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Psychological capital of adolescents of Tehran in 2018. Methodology: The method used in this study was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection, a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest design with control group and random sampling. The statistical population consisted of all high school students. Using a stage random sampling method, 30 students in both experimental and control groups (15 people) and control (15 people) were considered as sample size. The experimental group received 10 sessions of 90 minutes of life skills training, and the control group did not receive any treatment. In order to collect information, Psychological capital Luthanz inventory (2007) were used. To assess the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used and the coefficient for each questionnaire was higher than 0.7. Content validity was also used to assess the validity of the questionnaire, which was approved by the relevant experts. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software in two sections: descriptive and inferential (covariance analysis). Findings: The results of the research hypothesis test showed that life skills training, 19.7% in self-efficacy, 23.2% in hope explanation and 17.1% in explaining the resilience of the experimental group played a role. But in the optimism of the experimental group, it was not effective (P = 0.904). Conclusion: The overall results indicated that life skills training on psychological capital of adolescents was effective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Living Experience of Female Adolescents with Irrational Beliefs in a Narrative Analysis Study
Zahra Mesbah Khadijeh Abolmaali AlhosiniPurpose: The present study examines the lived experience of female adolescents with irrational beliefs in order to determine the common and underlying factors for the development of irrational beliefs in the cognitive distortions of female adolescents. Methodology: The MorePurpose: The present study examines the lived experience of female adolescents with irrational beliefs in order to determine the common and underlying factors for the development of irrational beliefs in the cognitive distortions of female adolescents. Methodology: The present qualitative research was phenomenology in the interpretive paradigm with the method of narrative analysis with the model of pluralistic analysis. The statistical population was the female students of the second year of high school in the 2nd and 5th districts of Tehran in the academic year 2019-2020. 274 students completed the Bernard (1988) Adolescent Irrational Beliefs Questionnaire, of which 16 were selected based on the inclusion criteria and purposefully due to having a score of 1.5 units of standard deviation above average. Then 12 people were studied until they reached theoretical saturation. Data collection was by semi-structured interview with McAdams. Formal-content and critical interpretive perspectives were used to analyze the data. Findings: The research findings after the coding process showed conceptual commonalities among adolescents with irrational beliefs in 5 main themes and 9 sub-themes. These adolescents had five common characteristics: low self-efficacy, poor communication skills with others and inappropriate communication with God, dysfunctional parent-child relationship pattern, and traumatic childhood problems. Conclusion: In the treatment interventions of these adolescents to reduce irrational beliefs, the role of weakness in communication skills and self-efficacy, communication with God can be paid more attention, and in preventive interventions, harmful childhood problems such as rejection and emotional deprivation and the role of dysfunctional parenting style. He considered irrational beliefs in order to move more confidently to educate and improve adolescents' mental health. Manuscript profile -
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63 - Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Skills Education on Internalization Symptoms and Self-Control in Adolescents with Tendency to Risky Behaviors
Farhad Akbarpour Mehdi Zare BahramAbadi Mehdi Davaei Fariba HasaniPurpose: The aim of this research was determine the effectiveness of emotion regulation skills education on internalization symptoms and self-control in adolescents with tendency to risky behaviors. Methodology: This study was a quasi-experimental with pre-test and pos MorePurpose: The aim of this research was determine the effectiveness of emotion regulation skills education on internalization symptoms and self-control in adolescents with tendency to risky behaviors. Methodology: This study was a quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The research population was adolescent students with a tendency to risky behaviors in the 15 district of Tehran in the 2019-20 academic years. The research sample were 50 people who were selected by random sampling method and randomly assigned to into two equal groups (each group 25 people). The experimental group received 8 sessions of 60 minutes of emotion regulation skills education (two sessions per week) and the control group did not receive training. To collect data were used from risk-taking scale (Zadeh Mohammadi & et al, 2011), behavioral problems scale (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001) and revised self-control scale (Grasmick & et al, 1993) and to analyze them were used from multivariate analysis of covariance method in SPSS-26 with significant level of P˂0.05. Findings: The results showed that emotion regulation skills education significantly led to reduced physical complaints and increased self-control (P˂0.001), but had no significant effect on reducing anxiety/depression and isolation/depression (P>0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, using the training emotion regulation skills can reduce the tendency to risky behaviors in adolescents prone to high-risk behaviors and other vulnerable groups by reducing internalization problems and increasing self-control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Identifying and Analyzing the Constructive and Effective Factors on the Self-Confidence Growth in Adolescents' Members of the Institutes for Intellectual Development of Children and Adolescents
Seyedeh Nasrin Sajjadian Yalda Delgoshaei Baharak Shirzad Kebria Fereshteh KurdistaniPurpose: The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the constructive factors affecting the growth of self-confidence in adolescents who are members of the centers for the intellectual development of children and adolescents.Methodology: This study was applied in MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the constructive factors affecting the growth of self-confidence in adolescents who are members of the centers for the intellectual development of children and adolescents.Methodology: This study was applied in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of implementation method (qualitative and quantitative). The research population was in the qualitative section of related documents and texts and experts and specialists in education and training of children and adolescents in Tehran, according to the principle of theoretical saturation, 15 of them were selected by purposive sampling. The research population in the adolescent quantitative section was a member of the centers for the intellectual development of children and adolescents in Tehran in 2020. According to Krejcie and Morgan table, 285 of them were selected by simple random sampling. The research instrument was semi-structured in the qualitative part of videography and interview and a researcher-made questionnaire was constructed in the quantitative part. The psychometric indices of the instruments in both qualitative and quantitative parts were acceptable. Qualitative data were analyzed by open, axial and selective coding method in MAXQDA software and quantitative data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis in SPSS software.Findings: The results showed that the factors affecting the growth of self-confidence in adolescents had 2 dimensions, 6 components and 40 indicators and the factors affecting the growth of self-confidence in adolescents had 3 dimensions, 9 components and 42 indicators. Constructive factors include individual dimensions (with 3 components of personal characteristics, power and evaluation) and social (with 3 components of communication, model selection and participation) and effective factors including family dimensions (with 3 components of trust building, support and educational methods), school (with 3 components). The components of empowerment, commitment and vitality) and society (with 3 components of economic factors, cultural factors and psychological factors). Other results showed that the factor load of all items and model fit were appropriate and the effect of all dimensions on the constructive factors affecting the growth of self-confidence in adolescents was confirmed.Conclusion: According to the constructive and effective factors identified for the development of adolescents' self-esteem, programs can be designed and implemented to improve their self-esteem development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - The Effectiveness of Mindfulness based stress reduction on Extra-Emotional, Coping Strategies, Emotional Response, and Control Anger in Conflicting Adolescents 18-15 Years Old
Seyed Reza Mohammadi Mousavi Mansoureh BahramipourPurpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of stress reduction strategies based on awareness-based attention to culture, coping strategies, emotional responsiveness and anger control of conflicting adolescents aged 18-15 years.Methodology: This st MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of stress reduction strategies based on awareness-based attention to culture, coping strategies, emotional responsiveness and anger control of conflicting adolescents aged 18-15 years.Methodology: This study was a quasi-experimental design with two experimental and control groups with pre-test, post-test and two-month follow-up period. The study population included conflicting adolescents aged 18-15 years in Isfahan during the summer and autumn of 1400. By randomly available sampling method, 40 conflicting adolescents were selected and replaced in two groups (20 experimental) and (20 control). The experimental group underwent a stress-based strategy based on knowledge-awareness for 10 9-minute sessions and the control group did not receive any training. Research instruments included Farahijan Mitmansgrober et al. (2009), Carver et al. (1989) Coping Skills Questionnaire, Nock et al. (2008), Spielberger Anger Control Questionnaire (1999) and Murray-Parent-Child Conflict Questionnaire. Strauss (1990). Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS software version 23.Findings: Findings showed that stress reduction strategy based on awareness of Farahijan (anger, shame, control of violence, suppression, compassion and interest), Awareness of emotional responsiveness (sensitivity, intensity and continuity of emotion) and anger control (external anger, incidence) Internal anger, external anger control and internal anger control) are effective in adolescents aged 18-15 years (P <0.01). The results also showed that stress reduction strategy based on awareness-based attention to the variables of coping style (problem-focused, emotion-focused, ineffective and ineffective) is not effective (P> 0.05).Conclusion: Due to the effect of stress reduction strategy based on awareness on Farahijan, emotional responsiveness, anger management planning is essential for the use of this treatment. As a result, therapists and counselors can use awareness-based stress reduction strategies along with other therapies to improve mood, emotional responsiveness, and anger management, especially in conflicting adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - The Effect of Integrated Monotheistic Treatment Approach on the Difficulty of Emotion Regulation and Self-control of Male Students Exposed to Social Harm
Fateme Soghari Karbalai Herfteh Mahla Behjati Ardakani Ezzat Pouramini Yakhdani Mansooreh PoorjanebolahiIntroduction: The purpose of this research was to investigate The effect of ntegrated Monotheistic Treatment Approach on the difficulty of emotion regulation and self-control of male students exposed to social harm. Method: This study is of semi-experimental type and wi MoreIntroduction: The purpose of this research was to investigate The effect of ntegrated Monotheistic Treatment Approach on the difficulty of emotion regulation and self-control of male students exposed to social harm. Method: This study is of semi-experimental type and with practical objectives, which was carried out in the framework of the pre-test-post-test design with the control group. The statistical population of the research consisted of adolescent male students exposed to social harms in Meybod city, using the available sampling method, 30 people were selected as a sample and randomly replaced in two groups of 15 people (experiment and control). The participants answered the questionnaires of the difficulty of emotion regulation by Gertz and Roemer (2004) and Tanji's self-control (2004) in the pre-test and post-test stages. The experimental group received monotheistic integrated therapy intervention in 10 sessions of 1.5 hours and two sessions per week, while the control group did not receive any intervention during the experiment. The data were tested and analyzed using the multivariate covariance analysis method using the SPSS26 software package at the level of 0.05. Results: The results of the research showed that ntegrated Monotheistic Treatment Approach was effective on difficulty in regulating emotions and self-control in male students exposed to social harm (P<0.05). Conclusion: Considering the closeness with Iranian-Islamic culture and its focus on different aspects of life, ntegrated monotheistic treatment approach can be used as an effective educational method in counseling centers, schools and medical centers Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - The Effect of Integrated Monotheistic Treatment Approach on the Difficulty of Emotion Regulation and Self-control of Male Students Exposed to Social Harm
Fateme Soghari Karbalai Herfteh, Mahla Behjati Ardakani Ezzat Pouramini Yakhdani Mansooreh Poorjanebolahi,Purpose: The difficulty of regulating emotions and the lack of self-control is one of the problems of some teenagers, which can lead to many social harms if there is no intervention. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of integrated mo MorePurpose: The difficulty of regulating emotions and the lack of self-control is one of the problems of some teenagers, which can lead to many social harms if there is no intervention. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of integrated monotheistic treatment approach on the difficulty of emotion regulation and self-control of male students exposed to social harm.Methodology: This study is practical in terms of purpose and semi-experimental in terms of execution method with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research was adolescent male students exposed to social harms in Meybod in the academic year 1400-1401. Using stata14 software and based on 95% confidence level and 90% power, 30 people were selected as a sample using available sampling method and randomly replaced in two groups of 15 people. The experimental group received 10 sessions of 1.5 hours and (two sessions per week) Tawhidi Sharifinia's integrated treatment intervention (2017), while the control group did not receive any intervention during this period. The participants responded to Gratz and Roemer's (2004) emotion regulation difficulty and Tanji's (2004) self-control questionnaires. The data were analyzed with chi-square tests and multivariate covariance analysis using spss26 software package and at the level of 0.05.Findings: The results of the chi-square test showed that there was no significant difference between the participants in terms of the demographic variables of father's education and mother's education (P<0.05). The results of the covariance analysis test also showed that monotheistic integrated treatment decreased the mean scores of emotion regulation difficulty (P< 0.001, f=42.52) and increased self-control (P< 0.017, f=6.44) of adolescent male students. It has been tested in the post-test phase (P<0.05).Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of monotheistic integrated therapy in improving the difficulty of emotion regulation and self-control of students exposed to social harms, this approach can be used as an effective approach in the field of reducing social harms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - The Relationship of Family Social Support and adolscent addiction Susceptibility in the City of Shahriyar
Amin Norouzi Kianoush Zahrakar Hadi Safari Maryam Faraji Abbas MarzbanThe present study investigated the relationship of the family social support with adolescent drag addiction susceptibility. 340 male adolescents of the schools in the city of Shahriyar were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling; and the data were collected using MoreThe present study investigated the relationship of the family social support with adolescent drag addiction susceptibility. 340 male adolescents of the schools in the city of Shahriyar were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling; and the data were collected using Family Social Support Scale (pss-fr) and addiction susceptibility Questionnaire (ASQ) for adolescents; and Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression were applied for data analysis. It was indicated that there was a significant negative relationship between the social support of family and adolescents’ addiction susceptibility. The variable of family’s social support can explain some of the changes associated with susceptibility to addiction. There is a significant relationship between the linear combination of the predictor variables and addiction susceptibility (-0.361 R). According to the present research, which aimed at determining the relationship between family’s social support and susceptibility to addiction, the results gained from the current study suggested that, in general, there is a significant relationship between family social support and addiction susceptibility. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - The effect of anger management group training on the increase self-directed students in the first secondary school
Amir Moradi esmaeil firouzi javad jahanThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of group training on anger management on self-directed learning of first-year students. The pre-test-posttest with control group was a quasi-experimental research. The statistical population of the study consisted MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of group training on anger management on self-directed learning of first-year students. The pre-test-posttest with control group was a quasi-experimental research. The statistical population of the study consisted 302 students of Molavi Kord High School in Ravansar city in the academic year of 2016-2017. The research sample consists of 30 students who have been selected through targeted and available sampling among high anger students. Then, they were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15 people) and control group (15 people). First, self-directed questionnaire of Fisher and et al (2001) was presented as a pre-test to the students of both groups (test and control) and the data were analyzed. Then, anger management training program was presented to the students of the experimental group in six seventy-seven (two-weekly sessions) sessions, but the students in the control group did not receive any training. In the end, a questionnaire for measuring anger control skills and a self-directed self-directed questionnaire as a post-test questionnaire were presented to both groups. Statistical data were analyzed using independent T-test, size-effect formula and covariance analysis. Findings and results showed that implementation of anger management skills training program can increase self-directedness and reduce anger among students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - The Efficacy of Brown's Parent Education package on Emotional Responsivity, Positive Adolescent Development, Responsibility and Happiness in 12- to 15-Year-Old Adolescents Who Were Out of Parent Control
Azam Jalali Mansoureh Bahramipour IsfahaniThe purpose of the present study was the efficacy of Brown's parent education model on emotional responsivity, positive adolescent development, responsibility and happiness in 12- to 15-Year-old adolescents who were out of parent control. The study method was quasi-expe MoreThe purpose of the present study was the efficacy of Brown's parent education model on emotional responsivity, positive adolescent development, responsibility and happiness in 12- to 15-Year-old adolescents who were out of parent control. The study method was quasi-experimental along with pre-test-post-test design and two-month follow-up period with the control group. The statistical population encompassed all parents who had 12- to 15-Year-old out of control adolescents and their children in Isfahan in the summer 1400. Therefore, 40 subjects were selected and assigned into two experimental and control groups (20 subjects in control group and 20 subjects in experimental group) randomly through inserting citation on consoling centers and inviting them to participate in the study and by using availability sampling method and by considering the exit and entry criteria. The experimental group participated in the training course for 8 sessions in 90 minutes; but there was no intervention for control group. The measurement instrument comprised of the Emotional Responsivity Questionnaire by Matuo & Nock, the Positive Adolescents Development by Goldof et al., the Responsibility by Salkowski et al, The Happiness by Argyle, Martin and Kresland (1989), and the Murray Parent-Child Conflict Questionnaire by Murray and Strauss (1990). To collect data, the mixed-design analysis of variance model was used. The result indicated that Brown's parent education has a significant effect on variables of emotional responsivity, positive development, responsibility and happiness in 12 to 15 years-old adolescents who were out of parent control and the effects of education has remained constant over time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - The Styles of Encountering Conflict among Parents of Psychologically Normal-Abnormal Adolescents
abbas homan saeid akbari alireza maradi saeid zandiThe current research intended to investigate the parents' conflict tactics and their adolescent child's normal-abnormal behavior. This research was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population included all male and female high school students with norma MoreThe current research intended to investigate the parents' conflict tactics and their adolescent child's normal-abnormal behavior. This research was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population included all male and female high school students with normal-abnormal behavior and their parents in Tehran, Iran. The sample included 208 female students and 193 male students who were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling. To collect data, Conflict Tactics Scale(CTS)and Symptom Checklist-90-R(SCL-90-R) were utilized. Findings showed that, as compared to the parents of adolescents with abnormal behavior, the parents of adolescents with normal behavior employ more constructive tactics which are based on negotiation and reasoning. Additionally, as compared to the parents of adolescents with abnormal behavior, the parents of adolescents with normal behavior less likely resort to destructive tactics which are based on verbal aggressiveness and physical violence. Therefore, it seems that those children whose parents employ more suitable strategies in conflicts are more likely good-behaved and behaviorally normal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - The relationship between Enneagram personality types and adolescents' suicidal tendencies & sensation-seeking
Azadeh Bahrami Moogooei Elham Molaei Nezhad The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between Enneagram personality types and adolescents' suicidal tendencies & sensation-seeking. This research is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population consist of all adolescents aged 1 More The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between Enneagram personality types and adolescents' suicidal tendencies & sensation-seeking. This research is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population consist of all adolescents aged 15 to 17 years was an applicant for learning English during the second half of 2019 in language schools of District 5 of Tehran & 110 people were selected as the sample size by multi-stage cluster sampling. Candidates answered questions from Enneagram Riso & Hudson (1991), suicidal tendencies from Orbach et al. (1981) and Zuckerman's sensation-seeking (1978). Data were analyzed with Pearson correlation coefficient. The findings showed sensation-seeking had a significant negative relationship with the Reformer and Individulist types and had a significant positive relationship with the Peacemaker type. The attraction of life has a significant negative relationship with the Reformer, Investigtor, and Challenger types, and has a significant positive relationship with the Achiever, Loylist, Enthusiast & Peacemaker types. Lack of acceptance of life has a significant negative relationship with Loylist and Enthusiast types and has a significant positive relationship with Investigtor and Challenger types. Also the attraction of death has a negative relationship with the Enthusiast type and a positive relationship with the Investigtor type (p <0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Predict Behavioral Symptoms from Emotional Intelligence in Delinquent Adolescents
Ali Akbar Haddadi Kuhsar Bagher B. GhobariThis study examined predicts behavioral symptoms from emotional intelligence in delinquent adolescents. In this study 88 from delinquent adolescents were voluntarily selected. They completed the measures of Trait Meta-Mood Scale (Salovey, Mayer, Goldman, Turvey, & P MoreThis study examined predicts behavioral symptoms from emotional intelligence in delinquent adolescents. In this study 88 from delinquent adolescents were voluntarily selected. They completed the measures of Trait Meta-Mood Scale (Salovey, Mayer, Goldman, Turvey, & Palfai, 1995), and Behavioral Symptoms Checklist90-R (Derogatis et al., 1973). Analysis of data with utilization of multiple regression analysis revealed that behavioral symptoms of delinquent adolescents can be predicted from the emotional intelligence. Moreover, data revealed that delinquent adolescents with higher in an emotional intelligence were lower in behavioral symptoms (interpersonal sensitivity, psychoticism and somatization). Theoretical implication and practical application of the finding are discussed in the original paper. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - study of teenagers' experiences in order to identify dual identities in virtual and real space
Behjat Shahabi Ali Jafari Shahnaz Hashemi Mohammad SoltanifarThe purpose of the current research was to reconstruct the narratives and experiences of teenagers in order to identify the duality of identity in the virtual and real space. The research method was qualitative and reconstruction type, which was conducted with interview MoreThe purpose of the current research was to reconstruct the narratives and experiences of teenagers in order to identify the duality of identity in the virtual and real space. The research method was qualitative and reconstruction type, which was conducted with interview participants. The statistical population of the research was all secondary school students of Ardabil province. The sample size included 16 students who were selected by purposive sampling and based on the principle of theoretical saturation. Semi-structured and in-depth narrative interviews were used to collect data, and for its reliability, the method of re-reading the narratives and re-referring the entire written narrative to some school counselors was used. The data was analyzed based on thematic analysis. The results of reconstructing the narratives of teenagers showed that real and virtual space has led to the formation of different and sometimes dual identities in teenagers. This identity duality can be seen in religious, family, sexual, national, ethnic and cultural dimensions. The identity of teenagers in the real space was more formed, coherent and real, and in the virtual space, it was relatively mobile, unstable and numerous. An identity which, according to some features, can be called a modern or re-thinking identity. In addition to trying to protect traditional sources of identity in the real world, teenagers showed themselves to be in favor of a global or cosmopolitan identity in cyberspace. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Cultural Deviance and Its Determinants among Tabriz City’s High School Boys
Mohammad Abbaszadeh Mohammad Bagher Alizadeh Aghdam Tavakkol Aghayari Hir Esmaeil Najafzadeh NakhjevanloCultural deviance is one of threatening factors regarding social order and security. On the one hand, cultural deviance can pave the road for other types of crimes and misbehaviors and peoplein the stage of socialization and interact with other friends and peers, has it MoreCultural deviance is one of threatening factors regarding social order and security. On the one hand, cultural deviance can pave the road for other types of crimes and misbehaviors and peoplein the stage of socialization and interact with other friends and peers, has its desired place among sociological studies. This study attempts to quantify the cultural deviance and its determinants among teenagers. This study is a survey which utilizes questionnaire as a data gathering tool. Among all Tabriz high school boys in the educational year of 2012-2013, a sample of 354 students are selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method. Findings indicate that, the level of cultural deviance is totally low among the respondents. Also, Correlation analyses showed that, among independent variables, cultural deviance of peers, educational performance, and family control have statistically significant relationships with dependent variable. Regression analysis indicates that, employed model could explain around 44 percent of the variations in cultural deviance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - A Qualitative Study of Adolescent Sexual Education and its Contextual Factors with Emphasis on Interpersonal Relations with Case study: High school adolescent girls and boys residing in Tehran
Sarvenaz T orbati Somayeh Tajik Esmaeili Nika KhosraviSex education is adopting methods for creating healthy sexualcharacteristics and behaviors and at the same time removing inappropriatesexual characteristics and behaviors from human existence. In otherwords, sex education offers a series of essential psychological, phys MoreSex education is adopting methods for creating healthy sexualcharacteristics and behaviors and at the same time removing inappropriatesexual characteristics and behaviors from human existence. In otherwords, sex education offers a series of essential psychological, physical,and religious information regarding the sexual field related to anindividual, as well as providing information and awareness to theindividual in order to become more familiar with the characteristics of theopposite sex. The present study aimed to investigate sex education ofadolescents in Tehran and its underlying factors with emphasis oninterpersonal relationships with parents. To this end, qualitative researchmethod and interviewing technique were used for data collection. Thegrounded theory approach was employed to analyze the data. Theobtained data resulted in forming categories such as awareness ofreligious issues related to sex education, parents’ awareness of sexualissues and its physical and psychological effects, parents’ appropriatebehaviors in family, parents’ awareness of and dominance on somecommunication skills for better connections with children, sex educationin the form of school education, parents’ education and socialization,correct transfer of sexual norms and guidelines to children, existence ofan emotional connection in family, supervision of school activities forchildren and adolescents, and cooperation with parents in this field. Theseconcepts were categorized into three themes: family, educational orextramarital and social factors. Finally, based on the results, one of themain reasons for influencing sexual education in this study is theawareness among families and at the top among parents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Examining the relationship between social skills and self-confidence in runaway girls.
Mohammad Reza Iravani Jafar EbrahimiRunning away from home is one of the maladaptive behaviors of adolescents and regarding its adverse consequences, it is one of the social damages of the community. Damage that could affect the individual and community's mental health.Meanwhile there are more concerns ab MoreRunning away from home is one of the maladaptive behaviors of adolescents and regarding its adverse consequences, it is one of the social damages of the community. Damage that could affect the individual and community's mental health.Meanwhile there are more concerns about the increasing number of girls run aways. Girls running away roots in poverty, divorce, extreme prosperity and freedom, sexual assault, addiction, the gap between generations and the conflicts between children and parents. This article examines the relationship between social skills and self-confidence and reduction of the escape of the girls aged 12 to 18 in Isfahan. The results showed that with increased self-confidence and social skills the amount of girls running away from home decreases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - تأثیر استفاده از نقشه های ذهنی الکترونیکی بر گزینه های راهبردی یادگیری زبان انگلیسی بزرگسالان و نوجوانان
نسیم نصر اصفهانی عزیزه چالاک حسین حیدری تبریزیاین مطالعه سعی بر آن داشت تا تأثیرات احتمالی نقشه های ذهنی الکترونیکی بر گزینه های راهبردی یادگیری زبان را میان فراگیران نوجوان وبزرگسال ایرانی زبان انگلیسی بررسی کند. علاوه بر این، استراتژیهای فرعی ترجیحی آنها در هر یک از گزینه های راهبردی یادگیری زبان برای برخی از شر Moreاین مطالعه سعی بر آن داشت تا تأثیرات احتمالی نقشه های ذهنی الکترونیکی بر گزینه های راهبردی یادگیری زبان را میان فراگیران نوجوان وبزرگسال ایرانی زبان انگلیسی بررسی کند. علاوه بر این، استراتژیهای فرعی ترجیحی آنها در هر یک از گزینه های راهبردی یادگیری زبان برای برخی از شرکتکنندگان داوطلب از طریق برخی مصاحبههای ساختاریافته ی الکترونیکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بر اساس طرحی شبه تجربی، 76 نفر از فراگیران نوجوان وبزرگسال مرد وزن ایرانی زبان انگلیسی در دسترس به طور تصادفی به چهار گروه مساوی آزمایش و کنترل تقسیم شدند. پرسشنامه ی استراتژی غالب در یادگیری زبان برای همه ی شرکتکنندگان در مراحل قبل و بعد از مداخله و به دنبال آن یک مصاحبه الکترونیکی ساختاریافته فقط در مرحله بعد از مداخله برگزار شد. مداخله، ارائه محتوای آموزش از طریق نقشه های ذهنی الکترونیکی در مقابل روش متعارف تدریس به مدت 20 جلسه بود. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آمار توصیفی و تطبیقی استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از نقشه های ذهنی الکترونیکی گزینه های راهبردی یادگیری زبان فراگیران نوجوان وبزرگسال ایرانی زبان انگلیسی را به سمت راهبردهای حافظه و شناختی سوق داد. علاوه بر این، استراتژیهای فرعی ترجیحی آنها در هر یک از گزینه های راهبردی یادگیری زبان به تفصیل برای هر دو گروه مورد بحث قرار گرفت. نتایج این مطالعه میتواند مفاهیم مهمی را برای زمینههای آموزش و یادگیری زبان انگلیسی و فناوری آموزشی در استفاده از نقشه های ذهنی الکترونیکی به عنوان ابزاری مؤثر در کلاسهای آموزش زبان انگلیسی ارائه دهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Comparison of Social Skills and Test Anxiety in Gifted, Pseudo-Gifted and Normal Adolescent
MARYAM RANGRAZ Mostafa KhanzadeThe aim of this study was comparison of social skills and test anxiety in gifted, pseudo-gifted and normal adolescents. The research design was descriptive and causal-comparative. The sample consisted of 147 students (50 gifted, 47 pseudo-gifted and 50 ordinary) who wer MoreThe aim of this study was comparison of social skills and test anxiety in gifted, pseudo-gifted and normal adolescents. The research design was descriptive and causal-comparative. The sample consisted of 147 students (50 gifted, 47 pseudo-gifted and 50 ordinary) who were selected from the gifted and ordinary high school students of Isfahan province using the convenient sampling method and according to the inclusion criteria. Raven IQ test was used to distinguish between gifted and pseudo-gifted students. Participants answered online Social Skills Rating System (SSRS-SS) and the FRIEDBEN Test Anxiety Scale. Data were analyzed using MANOVA and LSD post hoc test. The results of multivariate tests showed a general and significant difference between the mean of social skills and test anxiety between the three groups. The between-subject effects test showed that the effects of self-control and cooperation (social skills), and cognitive obstruction (test anxiety) were significant. The results of LSD showed that the mean of self-control of gifted students is significantly higher than other groups. The mean of cooperation of pseudo- gifted students is significantly lower than other groups. The results of this study show the need to separate pseudo-gifted students from gifted students in gifted schools in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - The relationship between family function and parent –adolescents conflict with academic achievement among secondary school students
Mohammad Ghamari Mojtaba Amiri Majd Ami Hossein KhoshnamThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between family functioning and parent – adolescent conflict with academic achievement among secondary school students. The study had a correlational research design. Using cluster sampling, the researches rando MoreThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between family functioning and parent – adolescent conflict with academic achievement among secondary school students. The study had a correlational research design. Using cluster sampling, the researches randomly selected 309 secondary school students in Abhar. The data were collected through Family Assessment Device (F A D), a scale of measuring attitudes toward parents, and students GPAs. The collected data were analyzed through Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis, and the research hypotheses were tested. The results indicated that there was a reverse relationship between dysfunction in families and academic achievement. The regression analysis showed that about 13 percent of the change in students` academic achievement can be explained by dysfunction in families and parent – adolescent conflict. The study could have implications for education professionals and families. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - The Preliminary Psychometric Properties of Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire – Adolescent Short Form (TEIQue-ASF)
Ali Asghar BayaniThe main aim of this research was to examine the reliability and validity of the psychometric properties of Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire – Adolescent Short Form (TEIQue-ASF, Petrides, et al, 2006) among the second grade high school students. In a des MoreThe main aim of this research was to examine the reliability and validity of the psychometric properties of Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire – Adolescent Short Form (TEIQue-ASF, Petrides, et al, 2006) among the second grade high school students. In a descriptive study, 345 second grade high school students of Gorgan who were selected using cluster sampling method, completed the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire – Adolescent Short Form (TEIQue-ASF, Petrides, et al, 2006), the School Burnout Inventory (SBI, Salmela-Aro, Kiuru, Leskinen, & Nurmi, 2009), and the Oxford Happiness Inventory(OHI, Argyle, Martin, & Crossland, 1989). The test – retest reliability and Cronbach's Alfa were. 0.58 and. 0.78. The correlation coefficients of TEIQue-ASF with OHI and BSI were also found to be. 0.59 and -. 0.34. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit for the measurement model Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - بررسی عوامل خانوادگی مؤثر در گرایش نوجوانان 18-12 ساله به بزهکاری در کانون اصلاح و تربیت شهرستان گرگان
سیف اله فرزانه شهرام ملانیا جلودار اسماعیل زمانی رادشرایط نامطلوب خانواده میتواند برای بزهکاری مساعد باشد، پس به همان نسبت وجود شرایط مطلوب در خانواده رشد ذهنی، عاطفی، روانی و اجتماعی نوجوان را امکان پذیر ساخته، مهمترین گام در پیشگیری از بزهکاری است. هدف مطالعه بررسی عوامل خانوادگی مؤثر در گرایش نوجوانان 18-12 ساله به ب Moreشرایط نامطلوب خانواده میتواند برای بزهکاری مساعد باشد، پس به همان نسبت وجود شرایط مطلوب در خانواده رشد ذهنی، عاطفی، روانی و اجتماعی نوجوان را امکان پذیر ساخته، مهمترین گام در پیشگیری از بزهکاری است. هدف مطالعه بررسی عوامل خانوادگی مؤثر در گرایش نوجوانان 18-12 ساله به بزهکاری در کانون اصلاح و تربیت شهرستان گرگان است. روش این پژوهش مطالعهای توصیفی – تحلیلی از نوع مقطعی است، مطالعه بصورت پیمایشی و تکنیک پرسشنامه بر روی 58 نفر از کلیه بزهکاران نوجوان مستقر در کانون اصلاح و تربیت شهرستان گرگان انجام گرفته است. یافتههای تحقیق نشان میدهد از میان شش متغیر واردشده در پژوهش، متغیر گسیختگی خانواده نوجوان با ضریب 0.454، تأثیر اصلی و نقش اساسی را در بزهکاری نوجوانان دارد. این متغیر به تنهایی توانسته 0.30 درصد از واریانس متغیر گرایش به بزهکاری نوجوانان را پیشبینی نماید. بررسی نشان داد که عوامل خانوادگی در گرایش نوجوانان به بزهکاری به شکل زیر تأثیرگذار بود. از میان عوامل خانوادگی: گسیختگی خانواده، روابط اعضای خانواده، کنترل و نظارت والدین، باورها و اعتقادات مذهبی خانواده و انحراف یکی از اعضاء خانواده با گرایش نوجوانان به بزهکاری رابطه معناداری دارند، اما میان سختگیری والدین و احساس طردشدن از سوی خانواده با گرایش نوجوانان به بزهکاری رابطه معنا داری مشاهده نشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - The effect of social and communication skills training in reducing high-risk behaviors of adolescents
Neda Fadaee Gholamreza Jafarinia Moloud Keykhosrovani -
Open Access Article
84 - A Study of Social Factors Affecting the Body Management (Case Study: Adolescents and Youths of Isfahan City)
Ashraf Abdolhosseini Mansour Haghighatian -
Open Access Article
85 - The Effect of Adolescent-Centered Mindfulness Therapy on Behavioral Emotion Regulation, Cognitive Flexibility and Social Anxiety in Depressed Adolescent Girls
Asma Fouladi Seyyedeh Samiri Hosseini Elmiri Ezazi Bojnourdi Fatemeh Mohammadabadi Maryam ShokriDepressed adolescent girls face many problems and challenges in life, especially in the field of behavioral emotion regulation, cognitive flexibility and social anxiety. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of adolescent-centered mi MoreDepressed adolescent girls face many problems and challenges in life, especially in the field of behavioral emotion regulation, cognitive flexibility and social anxiety. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of adolescent-centered mindfulness therapy on behavioral emotion regulation, cognitive flexibility and social anxiety in depressed adolescent girls. This study in terms of purpose was practical and in terms of implementation method was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design and with a control group. The statistical population of research was all depressed adolescent girls who referred to counseling centers in the three district of Tehran city in the fall season of 2023 year. The sample of this study was 30 people who were selected by purposive sampling method after checking the inclusion criteria and were replaced by simple random method with the help of lottery in two equal groups including experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 10 sessions of 60 minutes as a group under adolescent-oriented mindfulness therapy and during this period, the control group did not receive any intervention. The research instruments were included behavioral emotion regulation questionnaire (Kraaj & Garnefsky, 2019), cognitive flexibility inventory (Dennis & Vander Wall, 2010) and social anxiety scale (Connor & et al, 2000). The data obtained from the implementation of the above tools in the pre-test and post-test stages were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method in SPSS-25 software. The findings of this study indicated that adolescent-oriented mindfulness therapy significantly increased behavioral emotion regulation and cognitive flexibility and significantly decreased social anxiety in depressed adolescent girls (P<0.001). According to the findings of this study, to intervene for improve the psychological characteristics of depressed adolescent girls can be used adolescent-oriented mindfulness therapy along with other therapeutic methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - The effect of urban space on psychosocial health of children and adolescents in Isfahan
Elaheh Enayati Amir ahamarani Ahmad AbediInadequate conditions of urban public spaces affect the physical and mental dimensions of children and adolescents. Urban and residential insecurity, isolation, depression and social disruption in urban areas are chronic urban and environmental factors. Designing open p MoreInadequate conditions of urban public spaces affect the physical and mental dimensions of children and adolescents. Urban and residential insecurity, isolation, depression and social disruption in urban areas are chronic urban and environmental factors. Designing open public spaces and urban neighborhoods in accordance with the comfort and mental and physical health of citizens is one of the goals of sustainable urban design that has expanded in recent years, especially in developed countries, and providing design guidelines and criteria for mental comfort and The happiness, health and safety of citizens have been the result of such an approach.The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of urban public spaces on the mental health of children and adolescents. The method of the present study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of research method. The instrument of the present study was the 28-item Child Health Questionnaire.For data analysis, SPSS 23 software and structural equation model (AMOS) were used. The results of regression analysis showed that urban spaces affect the psychosocial health of children. The relationship between urban spaces and social, behavioral and emotional limitations is -0.48, the relationship between urban spaces and self-esteem is 0.71, the relationship between urban spaces and mental health is 0.63 and the relationship between urban spaces and problems with family is -0.54. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - The Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing on Social Network Dependency
Seyedhamid Hosseini Azarmidokht Rezaei Soltanali Kazemi Siamak Samani -
Open Access Article
88 - Obesity and overweight and its relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent girls
اکرم اصفهانی نیا shadmehr mirdar harijaniThe purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of obesity and overweight and its relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent girls in Aliabad Katoul city. The research method of this research is descriptive and inferential which has been conducted i MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of obesity and overweight and its relationship with cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescent girls in Aliabad Katoul city. The research method of this research is descriptive and inferential which has been conducted in the field. The population of the study includes 1816 girl students aged 12 to 14 years which 316 students were selected as a sample based on Udinsky table. To estimate the maximum oxygen consumption, a 20-meter shuttle run test was used, Body Mass Index was used to calculate obesity and overweight and subcutaneous fat thickness was used to calculate body fat percentage. Subcutaneous fat thickness was measured at three points in the triceps, calf, and subscapular by a Harponden caliper. Pearson correlation method was used to investigate the relationship between obesity and overweight with cardiorespiratory fitness.Findings showed that the percentage of body fat in adolescent girls’ students increased with age. The findings also showed a decrease in cardiorespiratory fitness of girls’ students with age. According to the results of the study, it is suggested that families, physical education teachers and education officials in schools to include regular activities to improve the respiratory fitness and reduce fatness and overweight of students in their program. In addition, programs increase parents 'awareness about their children's physical condition, solve the problems of overweight and obesity, and improve students' cardiorespiratory fitness. Manuscript profile -
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89 - Dejudicialization of Children and Adolescents under the Protection of the Children and Adolescents Special Police Bill Approved 1400 (Looking at the England Legal System Experience)
mohammad shahanaghi Mehdi Moghimi Receive Date: 2023/07/05 Revise Date: 2023/08/13   More Receive Date: 2023/07/05 Revise Date: 2023/08/13 Accept Date: 2023/09/10Abstract One of the innovations of some legal systems in dealing with the offences of children and adolescents is the formation of children and adolescents special police. For the first time, this idea was formed in England and America and because of that, a certain part of the police structure was dedicated to juvenile delinquency. The employed people in the special police have special education and expertise about the method of interacting with minors and principle dealing with crimes committed by them. In the countries that have recognized it, the special police have certain duties and certain competencies in the process of dealing with juvenile delinquency and as a result of the development of criminological ideas and even human rights’ doctrines, their approach in interacting with juvenile delinquents has become more reform-oriented and restorative; therefore, the responses that special police determines and implements in the dealing with juvenile delinquencies are different from the official punitive and repressive responses that governments determine and implement for adults. Authors in this article, with aim of investigate and explain the dejudicialization approach of the children and adolescents special police in Iran's legal system, have concluded that dejudicialization of delinquent children and adolescents is one of the most important prominent approaches in the bill of the special police of children and adolescents approved in 1400 in Iran. Looking at the experience of the English legal system in this field, it is clear that this country has also tried to avoid their entry into formal judicial processes and criminal proceedings, focusing on the dejudicialization of delinquent children and adolescents and using alternative methods, especially based on restorative justice to respond to the delinquency of children and adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Academic procrastination and psychological well-being of female adolescents based on Internet addiction
maral ebrahimi ayatolla fathi saeid sharifi rahnmoThe aim of this study was to predict the academic procrastination and psychological well-being of female adolescents based on the rate of Internet addiction. This research is a descriptive correlation in terms of applied purpose and in terms of nature and method. The ta MoreThe aim of this study was to predict the academic procrastination and psychological well-being of female adolescents based on the rate of Internet addiction. This research is a descriptive correlation in terms of applied purpose and in terms of nature and method. The target population is 29747 female high school students in Tabriz, from which 370 people were selected based on Krejcie Morgan table using multi-stage cluster sampling method. In order to collect the required data, Young's Internet Addiction Questionnaire (1996), Reef Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire (1980) and Riding Academic Procrastination Questionnaire (2011) were used, and Pearson correlation test was used to analyze the data. , Analysis of variance and multiple regression were used in spss23 software environment. The findings showed that the components of Internet addiction (social problems, performance impairment, lack of control, morbid use of chatrum and neglect of professional and educational duties) are able to positively delay the academic procrastination of female adolescents and psychological well-being in the form of Predict negatively and meaningfully. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Analysis of cognitive skills in Razavi's novel Wake me up based on Lipman's critical thinking
Parisa Ahmadi Khalil BaygzadeNovels derived from Islamic culture have appeared in Persian literature with the aim of processing aspects of educational teachings and types of skills of thinking types, which can be used in social research and with their help, more aspects of human existential philoso MoreNovels derived from Islamic culture have appeared in Persian literature with the aim of processing aspects of educational teachings and types of skills of thinking types, which can be used in social research and with their help, more aspects of human existential philosophy and types of thinking can be achieved. Razavi's novel "Wake me up" by Fariba Kalhor based on the character of Imam Reza (AS) is based on moral dos and don'ts and cognitive teachings that include critical thinking skills such as self-correction, self-correction, correct judgment and the influence and interpretation of the context of the text. The present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the critical thinking skills in Razavi's novel "Wake me up" based on Lipman's critical thinking with a descriptive-analytical approach. The achievement of the research is the achievement of critical thinking skills that can lead the audience to a correct understanding of the text by expressing logical arguments, having flexibility in dealing with new methods and relying on unconventional conditions. The metacognition of the text is due to the questioning of the audience's thinking, which has brought him to a knowledge beyond ordinary knowledge. Angles of correct judgments can be seen in the text of the novel, which is Manuscript profile -
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92 - The effect of group counseling on reinforcement of Adult ego state which is based on transactional analysis theory related to modifying irrational beliefs in 13-15 years old adolescent female students in Isfahan city in 2015-2016
khatereh azadmilajerdi farzaneh niknejadiThe objective of this research was studying about the effect of group counseling on reinforcement of Adult ego state which is based on transactional analysis theory related to modifying irrational beliefs in 13-15 years old adolescent female students in Isfahan city in MoreThe objective of this research was studying about the effect of group counseling on reinforcement of Adult ego state which is based on transactional analysis theory related to modifying irrational beliefs in 13-15 years old adolescent female students in Isfahan city in 2015-2016. Quasi-experimental research design was set on pretest-posttest with two groups of "experiment and evidence" and "multi-stage cluster sampling". Therefore among the students who had low self-differentiation score and high irrational beliefs score 30 students has selected randomly and the 15 persons were placed in experiment group and the rest were placed in evidence group. Adolescents of experiment group were under 10 sessions of 1.5 hour group counseling group counseling on reinforcement of “Adult ego state “based on transactional analysis theory once a week but the evidence group did not receive any intervention. In this research Irrational Beliefs of Joines were used (1968).The results were analyzed using analysis of covariance showed that group counseling reinforcement of "adult ego state" based on transactional change irrational beliefs and its components, including Demand for approval, high self expectation, preparedness for blame, emotional irresponsibility, anxious over concern, problem avoidance, dependency, helplessness for change, perfectionism had a significant effect (P <0.05), but the components " reaction of frustration "no significant effect. (P>0.05). Keywords: reinforcement of “adult ego state, transactional analysis, irrational beliefs Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Sociological Analysis on the Procedure for the Treatment of Pedophilia in Jurisprudence and Law
Soudabeh Taheri Hasan AsadiVulnerable groups, including children, need special support in their particular circumstances through the adoption of differential policies. A differential policy in domestic law is presented as a specific crime in the field of children or in the form of intensified pun MoreVulnerable groups, including children, need special support in their particular circumstances through the adoption of differential policies. A differential policy in domestic law is presented as a specific crime in the field of children or in the form of intensified punishment. The procedure for the hearing of children and adolescents has a number of differentiated features in adulthood. Including the fact that police and judges exclusively or frequently involved in pediatric trials should be familiar with the creation of courses with a variety of sciences such as child psychology, social work and criminology. The hearing should be completely censored and protected by the child. It seems that the special procedure for the criminalization of children in customary law is inconsistent with Islamic law, and there are no indications and prohibitions on the application of this proceeding in valid jurisprudential texts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Sociological analysis of the Effect of Sportspersonship and Coach Power on Behavior and Risk Rate on Youth Martial with Due to the Mediating Role of Coach-Athlete Relationship
saeed kiyani oshtorjani rokhsareh badamiThe aim of this research was to investigate the effect of ethical behaviors and methods of coaches’ power on behaviors and risk-taking in martial adolescents with Due to the mediating role of coach and athlete communicate. Statistical population were included all MoreThe aim of this research was to investigate the effect of ethical behaviors and methods of coaches’ power on behaviors and risk-taking in martial adolescents with Due to the mediating role of coach and athlete communicate. Statistical population were included all the martial person in Najafabad, with age of 14-16, among them 304 participant were selected based on availability. Data collection instruments were included: Bolter and Weiss Coaching Behavior scale related to athleticism behavior, Sussman and Deep Methods of coaches’ power, Kavussanu and Boardley Social and anti-social behaviors, zadeh Mohammadi et al. adolescents risk-taking behavior in Iran sports and Joveit and Netomanis relationship between coach and athlete. The results of structural equation modeling showed that the effect of coach ethical behavior and exercise of power on riskiness and social and anti-social behaviors of martial arts work by mediating the quality of coach's and athlete's relationship is desirable. The results showed that the coach's ethical behavior affects both the risk of adolescents and their social behaviors, and the quality of the coach's relationship becomes more effective. The methods of exercising coach power do not directly affect the behavior and risk of combatants, but indirectly by mediating the mentor's and athlete's relationship affects the attitude and risk of combatants. In sum, the results of this study showed that the relationship between trainer and athlete was a mediator variable in the relationship between ethical behavior and the method of applying coach power on the attitudes and risk level of combatants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Investigating the Causes of Inadequate Physical Activity in Girl Adolescents in Tehran Using Field Theory, 2016- A Qualitative Research
Fatemeh Sadat Ashtari reza TavakoliAbstractIntroduction:Patterns and habits of physical activity are maintained throughout childhood and adolescence throughout life, so to continue an active lifestyle in adulthood, active or inactive childhood can be a predictor of the type of adult lifestyle. The aim of MoreAbstractIntroduction:Patterns and habits of physical activity are maintained throughout childhood and adolescence throughout life, so to continue an active lifestyle in adulthood, active or inactive childhood can be a predictor of the type of adult lifestyle. The aim of the present study was to identify the causes of inadequate physical activity in adolescent girls in Tehran using contextual theory.materials and methods: The method of the present study was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of quality implementation method was of the Grand Theory type. The study population included girls aged 15 to 18 in District One of Tehran. The initial number of participants in this study was 20, and due to the theoretical saturation in the data collection process, the number of first participants was not increased. The sample method was targeted. Data analysis was performed manually by open-source and selective coding.Results: The results showed that not having time, not encouraging others, laziness, fatigue, financial problems, lack of awareness of the effects of exercise, lack of interest and motivation, lack of appreciation for sports by school, high volume of lessons and homework and engagement in other activities from Among the barriers to physical activity were adolescents.Conclusion:So conclude with two categories that include one: individual strategies (walking, exercise at home, school hours, going to the gym, goal setting, fitness, and creating interest) and two: social strategies (family support and support and encouragement). Friends and others) can provide physical activity in adolescent girls. Consequences of physical inactivity also included physical and mental problems.Keywords: Inadequate Physical Activity - Girl Adolescents - Background Theory. Manuscript profile -
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96 - The application rate of five elements of Caldwell and Spinks’ strategic management in Tehran libraries of Intellectual Development Center of Children and Adolescents
Fatemeh Naderi narges neshatPurpose: Itstudies the use rate of five elements of Caldwell & Spinks strategic management in the libraries of intellectual development center of children and adolescents of Tehran City. Methodology: This is an analytic-survey study. A research-made questionnaire b MorePurpose: Itstudies the use rate of five elements of Caldwell & Spinks strategic management in the libraries of intellectual development center of children and adolescents of Tehran City. Methodology: This is an analytic-survey study. A research-made questionnaire based on five components of the model was developed and distributed to 167 M.S/PhD staff members. Findings: Among five components of Caldwell & Spinks strategic management, considering information exchange and the processes empowering the libraries of intellectual development center of children and adolescents received first and last place respectively. Although, it was supposed to be a difference between administrators’ majors and their opinions about using strategic management elements, the data show that there is no significant difference between the views of administrators majoring in librarianship, non-librarianship, and even management about their approach towards strategic management. Conclusion: Five management components are highly followed in Tehran libraries of intellectual development center of children and adolescents fulfilled between 5.68% and 7.75%. But, to achieve a desirable status and 100% fulfillment, each element particularly empowering ones need to be considered more. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - Evaluating the quality of pictures of children and adolescents reference books, published during the 2006-2011
Yaghoub Norouzi Sokaineh FalsafinPurpose: The study aimed to evaluate the pictures of children’s reference books and analysis and compares them with standards in this field. Methodology: This study is applied. The method used in this research is quantitative content analysis type. The population MorePurpose: The study aimed to evaluate the pictures of children’s reference books and analysis and compares them with standards in this field. Methodology: This study is applied. The method used in this research is quantitative content analysis type. The population consisted of 216 children and adolescents as a reference book for the first time during the study have been published, the data collection instrument was checklist that its validity was confirmed by experts. Findings: In this research 4 factors including color, quality, place of picture and localization of them were investigated. Results showed that over 87% of books have color image and also quality of 56% of them was good. 78% of pictures have in good place and 14% of them derived from original images. Also, about criteria of overal quality of images and localization, pictures have weakness and especially about translated book there is no innovation. Conclusion: The study provided a check list for evaluation of quality of children's references books based on literature review that can be useful for publishers and other authorities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Analysis the Position of Cognitive Components of Media Literacy in the Optimal use of Social Media (Case study: adolescents in Tehran)
نازنین نهرور Ali Akbar Farhangi Bahram Alishiri Abdollah Naami -
Open Access Article
99 - Survey and comparison of leisure satisfaction of adolescent boys participating in electronic and traditional sports
Mohamadamin Sadri mozafar ektayar Mozhgan khodamoradpoorKermanshah. According to Morgan's table, 384 people were selected as the statistical sample. Cluster random sampling method was considered. In this way, 50 questionnaires were distributed and collected in each of the eight municipal districts. 200 questionnaires were di MoreKermanshah. According to Morgan's table, 384 people were selected as the statistical sample. Cluster random sampling method was considered. In this way, 50 questionnaires were distributed and collected in each of the eight municipal districts. 200 questionnaires were distributed among adolescents who had referred to gaming centers and electronic game centers to participate in electronic games. 200 questionnaires were also distributed among adolescents who participated in sports activities in city sports clubs. For data collection, the Leisure Satisfaction Questionnaire (1991) was used, which was also used by Lane (2008). The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.81 through Cronbach's alpha. For the formal validity of the questionnaire, the opinions of ten professors and PhD students in sports management were used. Mean statistical methods, standard deviation and independent t-test were used in SPSS24 software to analyze the data.The results showed that the average leisure satisfaction scores of adolescents who participated in e-sports were 103.01 and adolescents who participated in traditional sports were 96.94. There is a significant difference between the level of leisure satisfaction of adolescents participating in e-sports and traditional sports. The average leisure satisfaction of teens who engage in e-sports is higher than teens who engage in traditional sports. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - بررسی رابطه بین کارایی معلمان زبان انگلیسی دانش آموزان نوجوان و بهره وری
آزاده قربان زاده Seyyed Hassan Seyyedrezaei Behzad Ghonsooly Zari Sadat Seyyedrezaeiپژوهش حاضر به بررسی رابطه بین اثربخشی و بهرهوری معلمان در بین معلمان زبان انگلیسی دانشآموزان نوجوان پرداخته است. در این فرض، هشتاد معلم انگلیسی دبیرستان از 34 دبیرستان دولتی شهر مشهد از بین 100 معلم انگلیسی به روش نمونهگیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. داده ها از طریق دو اب Moreپژوهش حاضر به بررسی رابطه بین اثربخشی و بهرهوری معلمان در بین معلمان زبان انگلیسی دانشآموزان نوجوان پرداخته است. در این فرض، هشتاد معلم انگلیسی دبیرستان از 34 دبیرستان دولتی شهر مشهد از بین 100 معلم انگلیسی به روش نمونهگیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. داده ها از طریق دو ابزار، پرسشنامه کارآمدی معلمان (Tschannen-Moran & Woolfolk، 2001) و پرسشنامه بهره وری معلمان (Hersy & Goldsmith، 1980) جمع آوری شد. سپس داده ها با استفاده از همبستگی پیرسون و رگرسیون به سمت میانگین مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. نتایج آزمونهای همبستگی ارتباط مهمی را بین اثربخشی و بهرهوری معلمان زبان انگلیسی نشان داد. علاوه بر این، تحلیلهای رگرسیون ساده تأیید کرد که کارآمدی معلمان پیشبینیکننده قابل توجهی برای بهرهوری آنها بود. در پرتو نتایج ارزیابی ادراک معلمان، سیاستگذاران و متخصصان ممکن است این گزینه را داشته باشند که شایستگی معلمان را با برنامه ریزی و تعیین مسیرهای حرفه ای آینده آنها و ارائه چشم اندازی روشن تر برای رشد و توسعه حرفه ای آنها پرورش دهند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - The Story of the Tree and The Child of the People and the Myth of Medusa: A Comparative Study Based on the Theory of Castration Anxiety
Amir Hossein ZanjanbarFreud believes that myths, like dreams, are the symbolic representations of repressed sexual desires and the result of castration anxiety, and on this basis, he offers psychological-mythological reading of the archetype of " Medusa's head". He explains the works of art MoreFreud believes that myths, like dreams, are the symbolic representations of repressed sexual desires and the result of castration anxiety, and on this basis, he offers psychological-mythological reading of the archetype of " Medusa's head". He explains the works of art based on the theory of castration anxiety, and believes that psychological stories, like psycho-biographies, can be analyzed from psychoanalytic point of view. In the present article, the short story of The Tree and The Child of the People, by Abdolmajid Najafi, a psychological story, has been compared with the myth of Medusa, and a psychoanalytic reading of these two texts has been made. The purpose of this comparison is to show that both the myths and the contemporary child and adolescent stories are projections of human inner psyche. The article seeks to answer how castration anxiety is represented in the story of The Tree and The Child of the People and the myth of Medusa. The research, at first by using analytical-descriptive method, decodes the story, and then compares its theme with the psychological characteristics of Medusa from Freudian point of view. The results show that the theme of phallic stage, as one of the stages of psychosexual development, has always been present throughout history, from the myths made by primitive humans to the contemporary stories of children and adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Investigate of Perceived Stress in Divorced Adolescent Girls: A Qualitative Study
beigard nasrollahi Hossein keshavarzafshar Keyvan Salehi fahimeh bahonarThe aim of this study was to investigate the perceived stress of divorced adolescent girls. The research method was phe- nomenological qualitative. The study population consisted of 17 girls under 18 years of age who were selected based on purposive sampling for semi-st MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the perceived stress of divorced adolescent girls. The research method was phe- nomenological qualitative. The study population consisted of 17 girls under 18 years of age who were selected based on purposive sampling for semi-structured interviews and continued until data collection was saturated. The Colaizzi method was used to analyze the data. Data analysis led to the identification of 3 main themes and 53 sub-themes. The results showed that the sources of stress, positive and negative coping strategies, and the consequences of high stress in girls as the three main themes have a wide range. Therefore, divorce, while disrupting the psychological-emotional balance of family members, causes stress about the future lives of people. In such a way that negative strategies and consequences can overshadow their future and endanger their physical and mental health. According to the results of the research, the need for supportive counseling interventions for this spectrum is felt Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Content and structure of values among iranian adolescents
Mohammad T. Delkhamoush Mehrnaz A. MobarakehThe purpose of this study was to examine the meaning and structural relations of values among Iranian adolescents. The Portrait Value Questionnaire (PVQ; Schwartz et al., 2001) was administered to 1532 students (766 females, 766 males) in eighth- and eleventh- grades (a MoreThe purpose of this study was to examine the meaning and structural relations of values among Iranian adolescents. The Portrait Value Questionnaire (PVQ; Schwartz et al., 2001) was administered to 1532 students (766 females, 766 males) in eighth- and eleventh- grades (age groups 14 and 17, respectively) who were selected equally from six educational districts of Tehran using stratified random sampling. The Smallest Space Analysis (SSA) technique was performed to analyze the structure and content constellations of values. Findings indicated that the content and structure of human values among Iranian adolescents were widely consistent with the universal theoretical model of values proposed by Schwartz (1992). There were no sex differences in defining the meaning and structuring of values. However, some variations of the expected model were observed. The location of benevolence value type was not consistent with the prototypical structure of values, and the dynamic relation between the "self-transcendence" and "self-enhancement" higher-order values was violated. These modified structures represents Iranian adolescents' specific characteristics (culture index). The present study suggested some controversial findings regarding the nature of moral values in Iranian adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Experiencing depression and peer rejection in chronically ill adolescents
Karineh Tahmasian Asieh Anari Samira Karamlo Mahdieh Shafiee TabarChronic illness can put adolescents at risk of such disorders as depression, which may lead to rejection by peers. This study compared depression and peer rejection in chronically ill and in healthy adolescents. 33 chronically ill and 33 healthy students from Tehran's h MoreChronic illness can put adolescents at risk of such disorders as depression, which may lead to rejection by peers. This study compared depression and peer rejection in chronically ill and in healthy adolescents. 33 chronically ill and 33 healthy students from Tehran's high schools were selected by multistage sampling method. Participants completed the Peer Rejection Questionnaire (Tah- massian, 2005) and Child Depression Inventory (Kovacs, 1992). Results demonstrated a singnificant correlation between depression and peer rejection (r=0.41, P=0.001). The chronic patients' averages of depression and peer rejection were higher than that of healthy students (P=0.001). There was no gender difference in depression among chronically ill students. However, chronically ill boys reported more peer rejection than girls. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - The Effectiveness of the Positive Youth Development Education Program on the Positive Development Indicators among Adolescents
Nahid Hosseinabad Mahmoud Najafi Ali Mohammad RezaeiThe aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of positive youth development program on positive development indicators among adolescents. In this quasi- experimental study with pretest-posttest, control-group design and follow up stage, 48 girl students we MoreThe aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of positive youth development program on positive development indicators among adolescents. In this quasi- experimental study with pretest-posttest, control-group design and follow up stage, 48 girl students were selected through multi stage random sampling and divided into experimental group (23 students) and control group (25 students) from ninth grade in state high schools of Arak city in 2017- 2018 academic year. Experimental group received positive youth development program in 24 one- hour sessions. Therefore, the both groups completed Positive Youth Development Questionnaire (Arnold, Nott & Meinhold, 2012) before, after and two months after program performance (follow up). The result of analysis of multivariate covariance indicated that positive youth program affects development indicators (competence, confidence, connection, character, care and contribution) positively. The findings suggest that positive youth development program is an appropriate practical plan for enhancing the positive development indicators and adolescents’ entrance to ideal adulthood. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - The relationships among achievement goals,classroom climate,and perceived ability and instrumentality in adolescents
Sara Ebrahimi Shahla Pakdaman Safoora SepehriThe purpose of this study was to predict achievement goals from classroom climate by the mediating of perceived ability and instrumentality in a sample of 300 eleventh-grade students. The students studied in three academic majors (human sciences, natural sciences, mathe MoreThe purpose of this study was to predict achievement goals from classroom climate by the mediating of perceived ability and instrumentality in a sample of 300 eleventh-grade students. The students studied in three academic majors (human sciences, natural sciences, mathematics) in Noor city high schools. Classroom climate was assessed using the "In My Class Questionnaire" (IMC; Hardré, Crowson, Ly, & Xie, 2006) and the "School Engagement and Effort Scale" (SEES; Hardré & Reeve, 2003). Achievement goals, and perceived ability and instrumentality were assessed using the "Approaches to Learning Questionnaire” (ATL; Greene & Miller, 1996). The data were analyzed using Baron and Kenny (1986) method, and multiple analysis of regression. The results indicated that classroom climate predicted achievement goals by the mediating of perceived ability and instrumentality in high school students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - A developmental study of adolescents friendship:quality of the relationships
Adeleh Samimi Ali Mazaheri Mahmood HeidariThe current research was a developmental study of the quality of adolescent relationships with the same and opposite sex friends. 182 boys and girls adolescents aged 13, 15 and 17 studying in the academic year of 2010-2011 were selected based on available sampling from MoreThe current research was a developmental study of the quality of adolescent relationships with the same and opposite sex friends. 182 boys and girls adolescents aged 13, 15 and 17 studying in the academic year of 2010-2011 were selected based on available sampling from Tehran and responded to the Network of Relationship Inventory (NRI; Furman & Buhrmster, 1985). Data analysed using MANOVA and ANOVA demonstrated that girls reported affection and disclosure as the most important quality in their friendship with same-sex ones and affection and companionship with opposite-sex ones. For boys the most important quality in their friendship with the same-sex was reported as companionship and nurturance and with opposite-sex affection and nurturance. In both groups of adolescents the quality of relationship with the same- sex was significantly affected by age and gender, while the effect of age on the quality of relationship with the opposite-sex was not significant. Furthermore adolescents without opposite-sex friends showed better relationship quality with their fathers than their peers with opposite-sex friends. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Effectiveness of Group Training of Transactional Analysis on Distress Tolerance and Communication Skills
Reyhaneh Jabbari Mirzahosseini Hassan Samaneh Sadegh Mahboob The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of group training of transactional analysis on distress tolerance and communication skills of delinquent adolescents. The study was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and control group and More The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of group training of transactional analysis on distress tolerance and communication skills of delinquent adolescents. The study was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest and control group and follow-up period.The statistical population consisted of delinquent male adolescents from Qom correction and rehabilitation center. Participants included 30adolescents (mean age=15.91; SD= 2.95) were selected by purposeful sampling method and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. They completed the Distress Tolerance Scale (Simons & Gaher, 2005) and the Communication skills Test (Queendom, 2004). The experimental group received 990-minute sessions of transactional analysis sessions. Then, at the end of the therapeutic interventions and again 2 months later, the subjects of the experimental and control groups were evaluated by questionnaires.The results of analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that transactional analysis significantly increased distress tolerance and communication skills. The findings suggested the effectiveness of group training of transactional analysis in increasing distress tolerance and improvingcommunication skills in delinquent adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - The Developmental Process of Types of Egocentrism Using Content Analysis of Children and Adolescents’ Books
Roghyeh BalaliThe development of different types of egocentrism were analysed on the basis of piagetian theory in the books published from 1996-1998 in four different age groups. The study was conducted through content analysis of a sample of 30 book titles selected from sources avai MoreThe development of different types of egocentrism were analysed on the basis of piagetian theory in the books published from 1996-1998 in four different age groups. The study was conducted through content analysis of a sample of 30 book titles selected from sources available at the Center for Intellectual Development of Children and Adolescents. Tabular and graphical representation of data were made using descriptive analysis. Results indicated: (1) In most books, specially those written by Iranian writers, different types of indirect egocentrism were portrayed, (2) Foreign writers have helped children to decentrate their egocentrism more than Iranian writers, (3) A very low level of inter-rated compatibility between judgments made by experts at the Supreme Council of Literature Research Documents could be attributed to the diverse view points of judges Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - The Relationship of Social Health and Parents' Psychological Capital with Adolescents' Prosocial Behavior: The Mediating Role of Empathy
Sanaz Mirghaffari Mansooreh NikoogoftarThe aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of empathy in the relationship between parent's social health and psychological capital and prosocial behavior in adolescents. In this descriptive-correlational study, 369 adolescent high school students ( MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of empathy in the relationship between parent's social health and psychological capital and prosocial behavior in adolescents. In this descriptive-correlational study, 369 adolescent high school students (within the age range of 15-18) in Tehran (180 girls and 189 boys) were randomly selected using cluster sampling method. They subsequently filled Prosocial Behavior Scale (Penner, Fritzche, Craiger & Freifeld, 1995) and Empathy Scale (Bryant, 1982). The parents (211 mother and 158 father) filled the Psychological capital Scale (Lutanz, Oliwi, Avolio & Norman, 2007) and Social health Scale (Keye, 2004) questionnaires. Finally, data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling. The results showed that high level of adolescents' empathy and high levels of social health and psychological capital of parents would increase the possibility of prosocial behavior in adolescents. On the other hand, empathy mediates the relationship between social health and the psychological capital of parents and the adolescents’ prosocial behavior. Findings indicates the importance of setting educational programs for promoting empathy and paying attention to the important role of parents as influential factors on adolescents in order to increase prosocial behavior. This factor plays a decisive role in reducing future problems such as antisocial behavior and delinquency in adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
111 - The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem in the Relationship Between Attachment Orientations and Psychological Adjustment
Narges Attaran Noralla MohammadiThe aim of this research was to examine the relationship between attachment and adjustment with the mediating role of self-esteem. Our research method was correlational research based on path analysis method. The statistical population were consisted of 225 students of MoreThe aim of this research was to examine the relationship between attachment and adjustment with the mediating role of self-esteem. Our research method was correlational research based on path analysis method. The statistical population were consisted of 225 students of Shiraz high schools (102 female and 123 male) that were chosen by multistage sampling. The means were the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (Armesden & Greenberg, 1987), Bell Adjustment Inventory (1961) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (1965). For data analysis we used path analysis. The results showed that attachment to mother and peer effectively predict self-esteem. Attachment to mother directly predicted subscales of home and social adjustment. Also, attachment to father could directly predict the affectional adjustment as well as home adjustment, and Peer attachment predicted directly the social adjustment. Furthermore, self-esteem had significant relationships with other dimensions of adjustment. Other findings revealed the mediating role of self-esteem on the relationship between attachment style and psychological adjustment. So, it can be concluded that attachments style and self-esteem, are two important components in prediction of adjustment in adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
112 - The Relationship between Self-Handicapping and Unstable Self-Esteem: The Mediating Role of Fear of Negative Evaluation
Atie Arab Mohebi Shahrabi Shahla Pakdaman Mahmood HeidariThis study aimed to examine the mediating role of fear of negative evaluation in the relationship between self-handicapping and instability of self-esteem. The sample consisted of 150 eighth grade girl students (mean age=14years) in 2015-2016 academic year. The particip MoreThis study aimed to examine the mediating role of fear of negative evaluation in the relationship between self-handicapping and instability of self-esteem. The sample consisted of 150 eighth grade girl students (mean age=14years) in 2015-2016 academic year. The participants completed the short version of the Fear of Negative Evaluation (FNES-B; Leary, 1983), the Self-Handicapping Scale (Jones & Rvdvlt, 1982) and the Unstable Self-esteem Scale (Chabrol, Rocio, & Callahan, 2006). The data were analyzed using regression method. The results indicated that self-esteem could predict both aspects of self-handicapping. The results supported the mediating role of fear of negative evaluation in the relationship between self-handicapping and self-esteem instability. The findings suggested that the unstable self-esteem, partly had an effect on self-handicapping through fear of negative evaluations. As a result, stability of self-esteem can be enhanced by addressing the fear of negative evaluation in adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
113 - Gender and Age Differences in Social Anxiety in Adolescence
Fariborz Geravand Mohammad Hassan Afzali Omid Shokri Melita Puklek Ali Khodaei Saeed Toulabithe development of cognitive and behavioral dimensions of social anxiety during adolescence was studied. Using multistage random sampling method, 276 female and 224 male students in Tehran were selected from three age groups of 12-13 years, 14-15 years and 16-17 years o Morethe development of cognitive and behavioral dimensions of social anxiety during adolescence was studied. Using multistage random sampling method, 276 female and 224 male students in Tehran were selected from three age groups of 12-13 years, 14-15 years and 16-17 years old and were administered the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (Puklek, 1997). Results of MANOVA suggested that 12-13 years old adolescents had higher means in the cognitive and behavioral dimensions of social anxiety than the other two age groups. Females had higher means in the behavioral dimension of social anxiety in all three age groups, whereas there were no gender differences in the cognitive dimenstion of social anxiety. Findings are discussed based on Elkind's socio-cognitive perspective and the effect of gender on socialization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
114 - The Efficacy of Mindfulness based Intervention on Subclinical Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Symptoms and Externalizing Problems in Adolescents
Ashkan Naseh Leila Heydarinasab Mohammad Reza Shairithe present study examined the efficacy of mindfulness based intervention in reducing subclinical attention deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and externalizing problems in adolescents. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Youth Self–report (YSR) of Achenbach S Morethe present study examined the efficacy of mindfulness based intervention in reducing subclinical attention deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and externalizing problems in adolescents. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Youth Self–report (YSR) of Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA) were administered to a sample of 253 adolescents and their mothers. Twenty four of adolescents who scored borderline in attention problem subscale, scored high in externalizing problems scale of CBCL, and their scores had been confirmed by the Youth Self-report were selected and randomly assigned into either experimental (n=12) or control (n=12) groups. The experimental group received 8 mindfulness based intervention sessions for 8 weeks. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results indicated that attention deficit/ hyperactivity symptoms and externalizing problems reduced significantly in experimental group compared to control group. The findings of this study may be of practical importance for prevention and treatment of adolescents' attention deficit/ hyperactivity symptoms and externalizing problems in clinical settings and schools. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
115 - High school students playing computer games
Korosh Amini Abdollah Amini Mokhtar Yaghobi Daryoush AminiThe present research aimed to determine the prevalence of computer games as a pastime amongst adolescents in the province of Zanjan, Iran. 1,500 students from 18 high-schools (750 girls, 750 boys) completed the researcher devised questionnaire consisting of a demographi MoreThe present research aimed to determine the prevalence of computer games as a pastime amongst adolescents in the province of Zanjan, Iran. 1,500 students from 18 high-schools (750 girls, 750 boys) completed the researcher devised questionnaire consisting of a demographic questions and questions asking if participants played computer games and the amount of time spent playing. Findings showed that 53% of the participants were computer game players, and 43% spent more than three hours per week playing games. Boys played games more (68%) than did girls (39%). Playing computer games was most prevalent among freshmen (63%), followed by sophmores (54%), juniors (57%) and seniors (50%). Students in urban areas played more (62%) than those living in rural areas (35%). Research findings were compared to those of similar studies in other countries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
116 - Exp;oring the validity,reliability and factor structure pf adolescent coping strategies
Parirokh Dadsetan Marzie Hajizadegan Ahmad Alipour Ali AsgariThis study investigated the validity, reliability and factor structure of Adolescent Coping strategies (Frydenberg & Lewis, a e through multi-stage sampling method and administe MoreThis study investigated the validity, reliability and factor structure of Adolescent Coping strategies (Frydenberg & Lewis, a e through multi-stage sampling method and administered the ACS and Persian version of Defense Mechanism Questionnaire (Andrews, Singh, & Bond, - sults based on item analysis (item-total correlation & ! the total) constituted a sub-scale (apathetic withdrawal) whit alpha coefficient " # $ % & - retest coefficient for the scale were "'' & " respectively. The result of principle component analysis (PC) and Promax rotation suggested the structure of the scale in && &( try & anticipation, focus of the positive, denial, passive aggression, seek spiritual support, physical recreation). Goodness-of-fit indices of confirmatory factor analysis ) of second-order factor analysis showed the model of two first order factors as adjusted (with - djusted (with one-factor model. The positive correlation coefficients between the factors of ACS and Defense Mechanism Questionnaire confirmed the convergent validity of the scale. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
117 - Attachment and Loneliness: The Mediating Role of Maladaptive Schemas
Marziye Dalir Fardoee Mehrnaz Ahmadi The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of maladaptive schemas in the relationship between attachment and loneliness in female adolescents. The study design was correlational. 415 Ninth to twelfth grades students were selected by in More The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of maladaptive schemas in the relationship between attachment and loneliness in female adolescents. The study design was correlational. 415 Ninth to twelfth grades students were selected by in access sampling method. The participants completed the Loneliness Scale-version 3 (Russell, 1996), Experiences in Close–relationship Structures Questionnaire (FeddernDonbaek & Elklit, 2014) and Short Form of Young Schema Questionnaire (Young & Brown, 1999). Data were analyzed by path analysis method. Results confirmed the mediating role of maladaptive schemas in the relationship between attachment and loneliness. Results also indicated the significant positive effect of avoidant attachment on disconnection, other-directedness, over vigilance/inhibition and impaired limit schemas. The direct effect of avoidant attachment on impaired schema was not significant. The direct effect of anxious attachment on disconnection, impaired performance, other-directedness, and over vigilance/inhibition schemas was positive. However, the direct effect of anxious attachment on the impaired limit was not significant. In addition, the direct effect of avoidant and anxious attachment and disconnection, over vigilance/inhibition on loneliness was positive; and the direct effect of other-directedness scheme on loneliness was negative. The direct effect of impaired performance and impaired limit on loneliness was not significant. Findings suggest that disconnection, over vigilance/inhibition and other-directedness schemas had a mediating role between attachment and loneliness relation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
118 - A
Naghmeh Taghva Parviz Azadfallah Fereshteh Mootabi Ebrahim Talaie This study aimed to investigate the subjective well-being of Iranian early adolescent girls from their own points of view using the maximum variance sampling. Participants were from various socio-economical classes, different levels of educational achievement, More This study aimed to investigate the subjective well-being of Iranian early adolescent girls from their own points of view using the maximum variance sampling. Participants were from various socio-economical classes, different levels of educational achievement, and different scores on perceived happiness and life satisfaction. Four methods were used in this study:semi-structured interview (n=10), focus group discussion (3 groups), incomplete sentences (n=140), and narrative writing (n=100).Categorization of the results was done after the processes of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding, with considering trustworthiness criteria. The results indicated that Iranian early adolescent girls described well-being within six categories including relationships, self-concept, individuation, affects, welfare and health, as well as spiritual values and virtues. The findings were discussed based on cultural basis and the positive psychology approach. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - perceived parenting styles and fear of negative evaluation:a comparison of gifted and normal adolescent girls
Shahla Pakdaman Fereshte Sadat Mortazavi Nasirithe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting styles dimensions and fear of negative evaluation and to examine the differences between gifted and normal adolescent girls in these relations. In a survey study, the Fear of Negative Evaluation S Morethe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting styles dimensions and fear of negative evaluation and to examine the differences between gifted and normal adolescent girls in these relations. In a survey study, the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale-Brief Form (Leary, 1983)) and Parenting styles Questionnaire (Schaefer,1965) were administered to 137 female high school students (34 gifted, 103 normal). The data were analyzed by correlation coefficient and z test. Results indicated that 1) there was a positive correlation between control dimension of parenting style and fear of negative evaluation, 2) no significant correlation was observed between warmth dimension and fear of negative evaluation, 3) in normal adolescents group, the control dimension had no significant relation with fear of negative evaluation, but this relation was positive and significant for gifted student group, 4) the z-test indicated no difference between the two groups. The findings suggested that the more control over the children, the more they will be sensitive to negative evaluation of others and this is more salient for gifted children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
120 - The Development of Identity of Iranian Male Adolescents in the Context of Counter-Narrative of Lives: A Qualitative Research
Yousef jalali Hossein Eskandari Ahmad borjali Faramarz sohrabi Mohammad asgariThe aim of this study was to investigate the development of identity of Iranian male adolescents in the context of counter-narrative of their lives. The research method was qualitative and correlational. In the qualitative phase, the population consisted of male adolesc MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the development of identity of Iranian male adolescents in the context of counter-narrative of their lives. The research method was qualitative and correlational. In the qualitative phase, the population consisted of male adolescents aged 15-20 years old, as well as psychologists and sociologists in Tehran in 2020. The adolescents were selected by the convenience sampling method and the process of sampling was continued until theoretical saturation (19 people). Also, 6 specialists were selected by the purposive sampling. In the quantitative phase, the population consisted of adolescents aged 15-20 years old in Tehran in 2020, from which 218 people were selected by convenience sampling. In the qualitative phase, data were collected through the life story interview (McAdams, 1995) and in the quantitative phase by a researcher-made questionnaire. In the qualitative phase, data were analyzed through the content analysis method and in the quantitative phase through the confirmatory factor analysis. The results of content analysis showed that the counter narrative model of Iranian male adolescents includes components such as voluntary lifestyle, sense of uniqueness, independence-seeking and competitiveness. The results of first-order factor analysis indicated that the model has a good fit with the data. The results of second-order factor analysis also showed that the sense of uniqueness has the most contribution in the counter narrative model of Iranian male adolescents. According to the research findings, it can be concluded that the modern and individualistic values have gained a significant contribution in the structure of counter narrative of Iranian male adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
121 - The Role of Parenting Styles and Abnormal Personality Dimensions of Mothers in Adolescent Social Anxiety
Akram Ghorbali Seyedeh Nina Hassani NiaThis study aimed to compare parenting styles and abnormal personality dimensions in mothers of adolescents with and without social anxietydisorder. Based on a causal-comparative design, using the Social Phobia Inventory (Connor et al., 2000 MoreThis study aimed to compare parenting styles and abnormal personality dimensions in mothers of adolescents with and without social anxietydisorder. Based on a causal-comparative design, using the Social Phobia Inventory (Connor et al., 2000), two groups of 30 adolescents with and withoutsocial anxiety disorder were selected by purposeful sampling and their mothers completed Personality Inventory for DSM-5- Brief Form (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) and Pa- rental Authority Questionnaire (Buri, 1991). Results of the analysis of variance showed that the authoritarian parenting style in mothers of the social anxiety disorder group was more than healthy group and the authoritative parenting style in them was less than healthy group. There was no significant difference between mothers of the two groups in the permissive parenting style. The results related to the abnormal personality dimensions showed that negative effects in the mothers of adolescents with social anxiety disorder were more than in mothers in the healthy group, and antagonism and disinhibition of mothers in this group were significantly less than mothers in the healthy group. There was no significant difference between the mothers of the two groups in terms of detachment and psychoticism. The findings of this study provide evidence to confirm the role of mothers in their children's social anxiety and can be used in the prevention and treatment of thisdisorder. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
122 - Validity, Reliability and Confirmatory Factor Struture of Adolescent’s Emotion Regulation Questionnaire
Jafar HasaniThe aim of present study was to assess the reliability, validity and confirmatory factor structure of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire –Adolescent Form (Philips & Power, 2007).The Persian version of the questionnaire was prepared using double-translation t MoreThe aim of present study was to assess the reliability, validity and confirmatory factor structure of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire –Adolescent Form (Philips & Power, 2007).The Persian version of the questionnaire was prepared using double-translation technique. The psychometric properties were examined by three independent studies (N1=180; N2= 80; N3=400).In the first two studies the reliability of the questionnaire was examined based on internal consistency, item-test correlations and test-retest methods, and the validity of the questionnaire was examined using correlation between subscales and criterion validity. In the third study the confirmatory factor structure of the questionnaire was assessed. The range of Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of three subscales (.73 to .82) and total scale (.79) indicated that the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire had a good internal consistency. Item scores and the total score of the corresponding subscales correlated significantly (r=.38 to r = .72) and the test-retest correlation values (.65 to .71) suggested that the scale was stable. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the four factors model of the questionnaire. The correlations among the subscales and correlation coefficient model between depression and anxiety dimensions indicated a good criterion validity. The findings suggest that the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire has a satisfactory psychometric properties, thereby providing support for the relevance of using this scale in Iranian population. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
123 - The Effectiveness of Teaching Psychological Resilience on Positive and Negative Affect and Life Satisfaction in Adolescence
Ali Khodaei Hussein ZareThis study aimed to examine the effectiveness of teaching psychological resilience on positive and negative affect and life satisfaction in adolescence. The research methodology was quasi-experimental with an experimental group and pretest-posttest control group design MoreThis study aimed to examine the effectiveness of teaching psychological resilience on positive and negative affect and life satisfaction in adolescence. The research methodology was quasi-experimental with an experimental group and pretest-posttest control group design and a 2 month follow-up stage. 50 adolescent girls and their mothers were selected via convenience sampling method. The girls were from a high school in Tehran. The psychological resilience training program (Steinhardt and Dolbier, 2008) was taught to the mothers of the experimental group by group training in a weekly two-hour session for seven weeks, and the adolescents in 2 groups responded in 3 stages to the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, 1988) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen & Griffin, 1985). Data were analyzed by ANOVA with repeated measure. The results showed that the psychological resilience training program for mothers had an effect on positive and negative affect, and life satisfaction of their adolescents, and the effect has remained intact in the follow-up stage. The psychological resilience program can lead to mental immunity by enhancing positive thinking, emotional management skills, and self-empowering cognitive interpretations, and decreasing self-destructive cognitive interpretations and eventually by improving interpersonal skills among adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
124 - The Effectiveness of Aggression Replacement Training Program and Stress Inoculation on Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies in Delinquent Adolescent
Saeed Mahmoodinia Mojgan Sepahmansoor soozan Emamipoor Fariba HasaniThe purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two interventions, including Aggression Replacement Training (ART) and Stress Inoculation Training (SIT) on positive and negative cognitive emotion regulation in delinquent adolescent boys. The study des MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two interventions, including Aggression Replacement Training (ART) and Stress Inoculation Training (SIT) on positive and negative cognitive emotion regulation in delinquent adolescent boys. The study design was semi-experimental with three groups and pre-test, post-test and two-month follow-up. For this purpose, 60 adolescents of Tehran's Rehabilitation Center were selected using available sampling method and randomly assigned into two experimental and one control groups. Participants in the experimental and control groups completed the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski, Kraaij & Spinhoven, 2006) before the intervention. Then, the two experimental groups were subjected to 10 sessions of training based on the (ART) and (SIT), while the control group did not receive any trainings. After completing the training sessions, as well as two months later, all the three groups completed the questionnaire again. Data were analyzed using SPSS25 software and mixed variance analysis. Findings showed that ART method significantly affected the positive cognitive emotional regulation strategies during the research stages compared to the other two groups. However, in relation to negative cognitive emotional regulation strategies, the educational methods did not have any significant effects on the scores. It seems that ART can be used to improve the behavior of adolescents and to prevent the occurrence of delinquent behaviors Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
125 - Factor structure and psychometric properties of the qustionnaire about interpersonal difficulties for adolescents in an iranian sample
Omid Shokri Massomeh Abdolkhaleghi Mohammad H. Afzali Fariborz Gravand Maryam Paeezi Saeed ToolabiThe validity and reliability of the Questionnaire about Interpersonal Difficulties for Adolescents (QIDA, Ingles, Hidalgo & Mendez, 2005) was investigated. 276 female and 224 male adolescents living in Tehran, aged 12-18, completed the QIDA and the Social Anxiety Sc MoreThe validity and reliability of the Questionnaire about Interpersonal Difficulties for Adolescents (QIDA, Ingles, Hidalgo & Mendez, 2005) was investigated. 276 female and 224 male adolescents living in Tehran, aged 12-18, completed the QIDA and the Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SASA, Puklek, 1997). Results demonstrated that the Farsi version of the QIDA, consistent with the principal factorial structure of the QIDA, replicated the five-factor structure of assertiveness, heterosexual relationships, public speaking, family relationships and close friendships in the Iranian sample. The significant positive correlation coefficients between the factors of QIDA and SASA total scores, ranging from r= 0.10 (close friendships) to r=0.35 (assertiveness), confirmed the convergent validity of the QIDA. The test-retest reliability coefficients over a two week period were 0.82 for QIDA total score and 0.82, 0.77, 0.84, 0.71, 0.62 and 0.51, respectively for its factors. The results confirmed the validity and reliability of the QIDA Farsi version. The universal construct of interpersonal difficulties based on similar findings in different cultural contexts is discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
126 - The role of maternal psychopathology in externalizing disorders of adolescent girls
Fatemeh Hadavandkhani Zeinab KhanjaniThe aim of this study was to predict adolescent girls' externalizing disorders from mothers' anxiety and depression. One hundred and eight normal female students between the ages of 11 and 16 (M=13.26, SD=0.92) from Tabriz city were selected by multi-stage random sampli MoreThe aim of this study was to predict adolescent girls' externalizing disorders from mothers' anxiety and depression. One hundred and eight normal female students between the ages of 11 and 16 (M=13.26, SD=0.92) from Tabriz city were selected by multi-stage random sampling. The mothers were between the ages of 27 and 56 (M=19.15, SD= 6.05) and were asked to complete the Child Symptom Inventory (CSI-4; Gadow, & Sparfkin, 1994) and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-42; Lovibond, & Lovibond, 1995). The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results indicated that maternal depression predicted adolescent girls' externalizing disorders (=0.235). Maternal anxiety didn't predict the externalizing disorders. The findings are applicable to prevention of externalizing disorders among adolescent girls. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
127 - Treating depression :combining group cognitive-behavior therapy(CBT),parent skill training(PST),and joint parent-adolescent sessions(JPAS)
Ashkan NassehThis study examined the efficacy of group cognitivebehavior therapy, when combined with parent skill training and joint parent-adolescent sessions, in reducing depressive symptoms among Iranian adolescents. 64 highschool students in Tehran, who scored equal or above the MoreThis study examined the efficacy of group cognitivebehavior therapy, when combined with parent skill training and joint parent-adolescent sessions, in reducing depressive symptoms among Iranian adolescents. 64 highschool students in Tehran, who scored equal or above the Beck Depression Inventory’s cut point (10), were assigned to either a treatment or control group. The treatment group received 12 CBT sessions for 6 weeks and their mothers received six sessions of parent skill training. Then five joint parent-adolescent sessions were held for the treatment group. Control group did not receive any treatment. Significant reduction in depressive symptoms resulted from applying the CBT together with PST (before joint sessions). The effectiveness of adding joint parent – adolescent sessions was supported by statistical different between second and third assessment though Beck Depression Inventory. The findings provide practical support for prevention and treatment of adolescents’ depressive disorders. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
128 - Adolescents social anxiety :the role of attachment styles and cognitive emotion regulation strategies
Jafar Hasani Reyhaneh Sheikhan Elmira Aryanakia Akram Mahmoodzadehthe aim of this study was to determine the role of attachment styles and cognitive emotion regulation strategies in adolescents'social anxiety. Three hundred high school students (125 boys and 175 girls) were selected by multistage cluster sampling method and answered A Morethe aim of this study was to determine the role of attachment styles and cognitive emotion regulation strategies in adolescents'social anxiety. Three hundred high school students (125 boys and 175 girls) were selected by multistage cluster sampling method and answered Attachment Styles Scale (Collins & Read, 1990), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski, Kraaij & Spinhoven, 2002) and Adolescent's Social Anxiety Scale (LaGerca & Lopez, 1998). Results obtained from stepwise regression analysis indicated the significant role of ambivalent and secure attachment styles in predicting social anxiety components. Furthermore, it was found that social anxiety was predicted by the components of maladaptive cognitive emotion (i.e., rumination, self-blame and catastrophizing strategies) and the components of adaptive strategies (i.e., reappraisal and putting into perspective and refocusing on planning strategies). Therefore the results supported the effects of insecure attachment styles and ineffective coping strategies on social anxiety Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
129 - Designing a Program for the Generalization of Social Skills in Adolescents with High-Functioning Autism: Application of Cognitive Model of Social Information Processing
Seddighe Sadat Mirzaei Shahla Pakdaman Ebrahim Alizadehe purpose of this study was to elaborate the effectiveness of a program based on the information processing model on the social skills of people with high-functioning autism. This research was a semi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with Morehe purpose of this study was to elaborate the effectiveness of a program based on the information processing model on the social skills of people with high-functioning autism. This research was a semi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with control group. The research population consisted of all high-functioning autistic adolescents in Sirjan city and among autistic adolescents referred to Mehrak Autism Center, 12 subjects were randomly selected and divided into two experimental (n=6) and control groups (n=6). In order to measure social skills, Gresham & Elliott: Social skills rating system (1990) and semi-structured interviews with were used. The program was conducted twice a week in 12 sessions of two hours. 60 days after the end of the sessions, the groups were evaluated again regarding social skills status. The results showed that social skills training based on this model resulted in, generalization (interview with mothers and adolescents) and maintenance of social skills; So social skills training based on the principles of social information processing model leads to improvement, generalization and maintenance of social skills in adolescents with autism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
130 - The Relationship between Parent-Adolescent Conflict and Academic Adjustment Among Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Conflict Resolution Strategies
Seyed Mohammad Sadatian Omid Shokri Hosein PourshahriarThe present study examined the mediating role of conflict resolution strategies in the relationship between parent-adolescent conflict and educational adjustment among male school students. In this correlational study, 398 school students responded to the Parent-Ad MoreThe present study examined the mediating role of conflict resolution strategies in the relationship between parent-adolescent conflict and educational adjustment among male school students. In this correlational study, 398 school students responded to the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire (Asadi Younesi, Mazaheri, Shahidi, Tahmasian& Fayazbakhsh, 1390), the Conflict Resolution Styles Inventory (Kurdek, 1994) and the Adjustment Inventory for School Students (Sinha& Singh, 1993). In order to examine the structural relations of the hypothesized model, structural equation modeling was used. Results indicated that the partially mediated model of conflict resolution strategies in the relationship between parent-adolescent conflict and educational adjustment among school students fitted well with the data. Also, all of the regression weights in the proposed model were statistically significant and predictors of the model accounted for 65% of the variance of the educational adjustment. Results by emphasizing the critical role of the quality of interpersonal interactions in the family context showed that a part of common variance of parent-adolescent conflict and educational adjustment is explainable via the changes of adaptive and non-adaptive conflict resolution strategies scores. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
131 - Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Reliability of the Adolescents Self-Regulation Inventory
Sorour Sam Daliri Leili Panaghi Iraj Mokhtarnia Parisa Seyed Mousavithe present study aimed to assess psychometric propertiesof the Adolescent Self-Regulatory Inventory (ASRI; Dias, Garcia del Castillo & Moilanen, 2014) among a sample of Iranian adolescents. The study was descriptive. Thirty hundred and fifty five students were sele Morethe present study aimed to assess psychometric propertiesof the Adolescent Self-Regulatory Inventory (ASRI; Dias, Garcia del Castillo & Moilanen, 2014) among a sample of Iranian adolescents. The study was descriptive. Thirty hundred and fifty five students were selected from Karaj schools of Alborz province by multistage sampling method. The participants completed the ASRI and theIranian Adolescents Risk-taking Scale (IARS; Zademohamadi, Ahmadabadi & Haidari, 2011).The results of confirmatory factor analysis supported the two-factor model of the ASRI.The correlation between the ASRI and the IARS was between 0.30 and 0.51, which indicated the concurrent validity of the ASRI. The high correlations between the total score of the scale and scores of the subscales indicated construct validity of the ASRI. The reliability of the ASRI was satisfactory: The Cronbach's alpha coefficient and test-retest coefficient of the short term subscale were 0.81 and 0.75, respectively, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and test-retest coefficient of the long term subscale were 0.77 and 0.71, respectively, and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and test-retest coefficient of the ASRI were 0.87 and 0.74, respectively. The findings suggested that the ASRI had appropriate psychometric properties and can be used for research purposes in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
132 - The Role of Self-Control, Quality of Relationship with Parents and School Environment in the Mental Health and Antisocial Behavior of Adolescents
Farhad Mohammadi Masiri Yaghoob Shafiee Fard Mojde Davari Mohammad Ali BesharatThe purpose of this study was to predict the role of self-control, quality of relationship with parents and school environment in the mental health and antisocial behavior of adolescents. 241 students (117 boys and 124 girls) from the high schools of Farsan city, Charma MoreThe purpose of this study was to predict the role of self-control, quality of relationship with parents and school environment in the mental health and antisocial behavior of adolescents. 241 students (117 boys and 124 girls) from the high schools of Farsan city, Charmahal-o-Bakhtiari province were selected and answered the Self-Control Scale (Tangeny & Baumeister, 2004), Parents-Child Relationship Scale (Fine, Moreland & Schwebel,1983), Class and School Environment Questionnaire (Alfred et al., 2004), Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21; Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) and Antisocial Behavior Questionnaire (Mohamadi Masiri et al., 2010). Data analysis was done by Pearson correlation test and stepwise regression analysis. Findings suggested significant negative relationship between self-control, quality of relationship with parents and school environment with mental health and antisocial behavior. Multiple regression analysis showed that self-control, quality of relationship with mother, gender and school environment variables accounted for 33% of variance in mental health. Quality of relationship with mother, selfcontrol and quality of relationship with father accounted for 14% of the variance in antisocial behavior among adolescents. It can be concluded that personal, family and school variables play an important role in increasing mental health and decreasing antisocial behavior among adolescents Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - The Comparison of the Effectiveness of Teaching Metacognitive Skills and Positive Adolescent Development on Academic Resilience and Well-Being of Female Students with Behavioral Problems
Zahra Movahedian Amir Ghamrani Ilnaz SajadianThe present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of teaching metacognitive skills and positive adolescent development on aca- demic resilience and well-being of female students with behavioral problems. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre- test-postt MoreThe present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of teaching metacognitive skills and positive adolescent development on aca- demic resilience and well-being of female students with behavioral problems. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre- test-posttest design and quarterly follow-up. The statistical population consisted of all students with behavioral disorder at ninth grade in the academic year 2017-2018 at schools in Yazd, which were screened according to Achenbach’s Child’s Behavioral Checklist. Multi-stage random sampling method was used to select the sample and 54 students with behavioral problems were selected and randomly placed in two experimental groups and one control group. The research tools included Achenbach’s Child’s Behavioral Checklist (1991), Academic Resilience Questionnaire (Samuels, 2004) and Academic Well-Being Questionnaire (Pitrinen, Soini & Pyhalto (2014). The two experimental groups were trained with an adolescent positive development training package and metacognitive skills. Analysis of variance with repeated measures was used to analyze the data. The results showed that the adolescent positive development training package and teaching metacognitive skills have positive effect on academic resilience and well-being. The results also showed that there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of the adoles- cent positive development training package and Teaching Metacognitive Skills. The results of this research showed that the use of metacognitive training helps a person to go through a better thinking process when facing problems based on information processing, by decentralizing the problem and its consequences towards self-attention, and also teaching the positive development of adolescence with regard to Involving students increases the capacity and ability of students in facing problems as well as efforts towards success and academic progress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Validation of the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire (Adolescent Form)
Iraj Mokhtarnia Ali Zadehmohammadi Mojtaba HabibiThe aim of this study was to test the confirmatory factor structure and validation of the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire in a nonclinical sample of 13 to17 year old adolescents. The study was descriptive and cross-sectional. Seven hundred and forty eight stude MoreThe aim of this study was to test the confirmatory factor structure and validation of the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire in a nonclinical sample of 13 to17 year old adolescents. The study was descriptive and cross-sectional. Seven hundred and forty eight students were selected from the high schools of Qods (a district of Tehran province) by multistage random sampling. The participants completed the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire (Adolescent Form; Asadi Younesi, 2011), the Children's Perceptions of Inter parental Conflict Scale (Grych, Seid, & Fincham, 1992), the Youth Self-report (Achenbach, 1991)), the Family Communication Scale (Olson, 1995), and the Family Satisfaction scale (Barnes & Olson, 1985). The results of confirmatory factor analysis supported the fourteen-factor of the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire. To investigate divergent and criterion validity, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used. The results indicated that the correlation of the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire with the other instruments of the study were between 0.21 and 0.57.These results were more satisfactory for the intensity of the conflict part of the parent-adolescent conflict questionnaire than for the frequency part of the questionnaire. The Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.97 for the frequency of the parent-adolescent conflict and was 0.96 for the intensity of parent- adolescent conflict. The test-retest coefficients were 0.76 and 0.75 for the frequency of parent- adolescent conflict and the intensity of the parent-adolescent conflict, respectively. The findings suggest that the Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire have good psychometric properties and can be used in research settings and family counseling in Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - Efficacy of Mindful Parenting Program on Parenting Stress and Parental Self-Efficacy among High Conflict Adolescents’ Mothers
Maryam Mohammadi Karineh Tahmasian saeed Ghanbari Jalil Fathabadihe aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of mindful parenting program on parenting stress and parental self-efficacy among mothers who had high conflicts with their adolescents. Four hundred and eighty three female students were selected from three volunteer jun Morehe aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of mindful parenting program on parenting stress and parental self-efficacy among mothers who had high conflicts with their adolescents. Four hundred and eighty three female students were selected from three volunteer junior high schools in Yazd, Iran. The participants completed the Conflict Behavior Questionnaire-Adolescent Form (Robin & Foster, 1989). One hundred and fifty seven students whose conflict scores with their mothers were higher than 50 were selected. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 32 mothers were selected and randomly assigned into either the experimental or the control group. The experimental group received mindful parenting based on Bögels and Restifo (2014) package.Both groups completed the Parenting Stress Index (Abidin, 1995) and the Parental Self-Agency Measure (Dumka, 1996) during threestages. The results of analysis of variance with repeated measures indicated that MP significantly reduced parenting stress andincreased parental self-efficacy. The findings suggested that the mindful parenting approach was influential in variables related tomaternal parenting. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
136 - Investigation of criminal law responses to accused children and adolescents in the pre-trial stage in Iran and human rights documents
siyavash hadipoor karam janipoor mohamadmehdi salehiBackground and Aim: In this time, the functioning of pre-trial institutions has changed to some extent. As; These institutions no longer merely seek to prosecute defendants and gather evidence to prove a criminal case, but sometimes they have been given the opportunity MoreBackground and Aim: In this time, the functioning of pre-trial institutions has changed to some extent. As; These institutions no longer merely seek to prosecute defendants and gather evidence to prove a criminal case, but sometimes they have been given the opportunity to use a number of performance guarantees to respond to the crime. In fact, these institutions, which used to be only preparing criminal cases, these days, in addition to performing their traditional duties, are also taking steps to determine the fate of criminal cases in the pre-trial stage. This policy, which has led to the expansion of the mission of pre-trial institutions, has given rise to the "judgment of the pre-trial stage".Methodology: The present article has been written by descriptive and analytical methods.Findings and Conclusion: Judging the pre-trial stage means that prosecuting and investigating institutions, like the courts, can provide a rehabilitative, empowering and possibly remedial response on the occasion and according to the circumstances of the accused children and adolescents. Take action. In examining Iran's criminal law, it became clear that the legislature, based on the prohibitions set forth in international human rights instruments and the application of corrective and educational responses, have based their approach to correction and treatment on legislation. Of course, the variety and richness of corrective-educational responses prescribed for children and adolescents has not been significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
137 - The effectiveness of mindfulness method based on stress reduction On self-regulation and disorder symptoms of teenagers suffering from post-traumatic stress
siran heshami shokoohsadat banijamali shirin kooshki javad khalaatbari bita nasrollahiThe aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of the mindfulness method based on reducing self-regulation and reducing the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and comparing these two methods in teenagers. From the statistical population consisti MoreThe aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of the mindfulness method based on reducing self-regulation and reducing the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder and comparing these two methods in teenagers. From the statistical population consisting of all the students of Sarpol Zahab city who were present in this city during the earthquake of 2016, 30 teenagers met the diagnostic criteria of post-traumatic stress disorder based on the classification of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition, using the design Quasi-experiment including pre-test - post-test and follow-up and using the non-random sampling method available to the Mississippi Citizenship Scale (1988) and Bouffard's self-regulation questionnaire (1995) answered. The data was analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance test. The results obtained from this study showed that the mindfulness method based on stress reduction was effective on the self-regulation of teenagers suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. Also, the results of this study showed that the mindfulness method based on stress reduction is effective in reducing the symptoms of teenagers suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
138 - Measure the Wisdom of Adolescent high school Students in Isfahan
mohammad ali salmani ardani mansure shahriari ahmadiStrengthening wisdom along with intelligence is essential for students' spiritual and scientific progress. Accordingly, the behavioral indicators and the level of wisdom of students should be measured with a valid tool and appropriate to Islamic culture. The aim of this MoreStrengthening wisdom along with intelligence is essential for students' spiritual and scientific progress. Accordingly, the behavioral indicators and the level of wisdom of students should be measured with a valid tool and appropriate to Islamic culture. The aim of this article assess the wisdom of adolescent students is written.This article is a part of development-applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey type in terms of data collection method. The statistical population included all gifted and moderately intelligent students of the first year of high school in Isfahan in the academic year of 1997-98. Cluster random sampling method was used and 400 people were tested individually with a questionnaire to assess the level of wisdom of adolescent students.. Data were analyzed using Spss and AMOS software using correlation coefficient, heuristic and confirmatory factor analysis.The results of the analysis showed that the mean index in the gifted group is higher than the normal group and gifted male and female students have a higher score in the Wise Behavioral Indices Questionnaire. Eight factors with eigenvalues higher than one were able to explain 71.494% of the variance of items. The results of the first-order confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fit index is at a desirable level. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated in terms of Cronbach's alpha coefficient 0.895. The coordination between the factors with the total score is acceptable and the model fit index is at a desirable level, which indicates that the questionnaire is sufficient. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
139 - Positive Youth Development, Positive Psychology, Parent-Adolescent Relationship Quality, Parent-Adolescent Relationship Quality Components, Adolescents
zohreh soheili salek Noorali Farrokhi Kambiz PoushanehThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive development youth education to parents on the quality of the perceived parent-adolescent relationship and was done by quasi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test and control group. The study MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive development youth education to parents on the quality of the perceived parent-adolescent relationship and was done by quasi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test and control group. The study population was the first grade high school students in Tehran's District 1 and the sample consisted of 30 girls aged 12 to 17 years (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group) in 2020-2021. The mothers of the experimental group participated in a positive adolescent transformation training program during 12 two-hour sessions. The data collection tool was the Alabama (2001) Parent-Child Relationship Quality Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24 software and analysis of covariance. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in positive parenting scores, punishment and father participation (P> 0.05). The mean post-test scores of the experimental group increased significantly in the components of positive parenting and father participation and decreased significantly in the component of punishment, which indicates the effectiveness of teaching positive youth development to parents on the quality of the parent-adolescent relationship. Emphasis on the components of positive development can be a good practical program to improve and enhance the quality of the perceived parent-adolescent relationship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
140 - Presenting a Culture-Excellence Development Model Focusing on Building a Creative Class of Children and Adolescents
Soudabeh Ebrahimzadeh Mohsen Ghadami Abbasal GhayoumiThe main objective of this research is to present a model of excellence in cultural development focusing on the building a creative class of children and adolescents. This research was a combination of exploratory research and instrumental model that was implemented in MoreThe main objective of this research is to present a model of excellence in cultural development focusing on the building a creative class of children and adolescents. This research was a combination of exploratory research and instrumental model that was implemented in two qualitative and quantitative stages. The present study is descriptive-survey and data collection tool in form of a questionnaire. The statistical population included educational managers, faculty members or lecturers, with only 11 questionnaires prepared. Also in order to study the proposed model of excellence in cultural development, focusing on building a creative class of children and adolescents from the statistical community of the mentors of the intellectual development center for children and adolescents (a simple random sampling method of 196 people). In general, for analyzing the observations and the research information and studying the simultaneous effect of public scales, Excel2013, SPSS21, Smart-PLS statistical software were used. According to the results of fuzzy Delphi, a total of components of both dimensions of cultural development and creative class, 19 components were deleted and 29 final components were left, which according to the experts were more important. For the creative class, 50 indices were defined and 77 indicators were introduced for cultural development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
141 - The Relationship between Family Function and Adolescents' Identity
Gholam Reza Khoynezhad Ali Reza Rajaei Mahnaz Shirazi -
Open Access Article
142 - Comparison of emotional-behavioral problems in adolescent and young children of addicted and non-addicted parents
کامران زرکی نسترن شریفی مهرداد ثابتBackground and Aim: Parental substance abuse is so serious that it affects the well-being and health of the family and is a family disease caused by lifestyle that is affected by environmental, familial and genetic causes. Parental addiction is not only an individual pr MoreBackground and Aim: Parental substance abuse is so serious that it affects the well-being and health of the family and is a family disease caused by lifestyle that is affected by environmental, familial and genetic causes. Parental addiction is not only an individual problem but also causes other family members, especially adolescents and young people, with psychological, physical and social problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
143 - Role of cultural products in the absence of violence among teenagers as social capital
Zohreh Meirhoseyni Zohreh Dogchi Somayeh NasieriThe purpose of this paper is to examine the three dimensions of social capital, symbolic violence and the field of cultural production in the absence of violence among teenagers as social capital, according to Bourdieu's theory. Therefore, the present study is based on MoreThe purpose of this paper is to examine the three dimensions of social capital, symbolic violence and the field of cultural production in the absence of violence among teenagers as social capital, according to Bourdieu's theory. Therefore, the present study is based on Bourdieu's social capital theory Who knows that the supply of cultural products and products and the creation of cultural capital and culture among the juvenile offenders as social capital, to the extent that they lead to a lack of violence among them and try It seeks to institutionalize the right cultural habits, such as studying and studying through the field of cultural products and cultural assets of Bourdieu's mindset, and can make the low-level habits of the non-normative community (delinquent youth) Desirable And reduced the symbolic violence resulting from the inappropriate cultural and social context in which they grew up, and by mastering it through the formal use of language and instruction through the dominant class, on this stratum They raised their level on the floor of their social structure and controlled them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
144 - Evaluating School and Family Factors Effective on Second Grade Highschool Adolescents’ Life Skills in Tehran
soheila saraee Hasanpasha Sharifi malek mir hashemiEvaluating School and Family Factors Effective on Second Grade HighschoolAdolescents’ Life Skills in TehranThis study aimed to explore the role of family and school factors influencing on life skills of male and female adolescents. The statistical population consi MoreEvaluating School and Family Factors Effective on Second Grade HighschoolAdolescents’ Life Skills in TehranThis study aimed to explore the role of family and school factors influencing on life skills of male and female adolescents. The statistical population consiste of all second grade highschool students in Tehran session 1394 – 95 (2016 -2017). A sample of 220 students (114 female, 106 male) were selected via multistage cluster sampling method; the sampling sites were north, south, center, east and west of Tehran. The study tools included demographic and family- characteristic questionnaire, school -factor questionnaire and adolescents life skills questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed by the univariate analysis of variance and Scheffe post – hoc Test. The results indicated that father’s job, family income level, and parents relationship are influential on adolescents life skills and among school factors , relation of teachers, school managers and school staff with student, academic achievements and educational interest are effective on adolescents life skills. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
145 - Measuring and Comparing the Level of Wisdom of Gifted and Normal Adolescent Male and Female Students
mohammad ali salmani ardaniThe aim of this article is the measuring and comparing the wisdom of gifted and normal adolescent male and female students. This article is a part of development-applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey type in terms of data collection method. The st MoreThe aim of this article is the measuring and comparing the wisdom of gifted and normal adolescent male and female students. This article is a part of development-applied research in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey type in terms of data collection method. The statistical population included all gifted and ordinary high school students in Isfahan in the academic year of 1397-98. Cluster random sampling method was used and 400 people were tested individually with a questionnaire to assess the level of wisdom of adolescent students (WMQ). Data were analyzed using Spss and AMOS software using correlation coefficient, heuristic and confirmatory factor analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the mean index in the gifted group is higher than the normal group and gifted male and female students have a higher score in the Wise Behavioral Indices Questionnaire. Eight factors with eigenvalues greater than one were able to explain 71.494% of the variance of items. The results of the first-order confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fit index is at a desirable level. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated in terms of Cronbach's alpha coefficient 0.895. The coordination between the factors with the total score is acceptable and the model fit index is at a desirable level, which indicates that the questionnaire is sufficient. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
146 - Cyber-Aggression in Adolescents: A Psychometric Study
asghar minaei behrooz kazemi danaCyber- aggression is one of the compatibility problems of the youth that has attracted the attention of the investigators at schools and out of school , and it is a sort of violence that occurs repeatedly and over time using electronic equipment. The purpose of this stu MoreCyber- aggression is one of the compatibility problems of the youth that has attracted the attention of the investigators at schools and out of school , and it is a sort of violence that occurs repeatedly and over time using electronic equipment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Cyber- aggression questionnaire for Adolescents among Iranian students . The sample size consisted of 386 students ( 167 boys and 219 girls ) from Zanjan city , were selected using Multi - Stages cluster sampling . The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that this questionnaire had 3 factors which in total determined 66.45% of the total variance and Obtained Internal consistency Total questionnaire by Omega coefficient . 90 % and The results also showed that a Negative correlation of this questionnaire with empathy scale and Positive correlation with impulsivity scale This was a Witness for the Criterion Validity of this scale . The results showed there is a significant difference between girls and boys in cyber- aggression. This study confirms the reliability and appropriateness of the questionnaire for measuring cyber - aggression among students .Keywords : aggression ، cyber، psychometric ، validity، adolescents Manuscript profile -
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147 - Psychometric properties of The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory- Adolescent- Restructured Form (MMPI-ARF) in adolescents referred to counseling centers in Tehran
Reihaneh Reihani Kambiz Kamkary Firouz KioumarcyIn this study, "Psychometric properties of The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory– Adolescent - Restructured Form (MMPI-ARF) in adolescents referred to counseling centers in Tehran" has been done and the main question of the research that arises is whethe MoreIn this study, "Psychometric properties of The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory– Adolescent - Restructured Form (MMPI-ARF) in adolescents referred to counseling centers in Tehran" has been done and the main question of the research that arises is whether this instrument has desirable psychometric properties or not? The present research design is survey of descriptive method. The statistical population consists of all adolescents aged 12 to 18 who have referred to counseling centers in Tehran. 300 adolescents were selected by nonrandom sampling method using incidental and convenient sample. The instrument used in this study is The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent-Restructured Form (MMPI-ARF) which has been standardized by Kamkary and Shokrzadeh. In order to determine the validity coefficient of the inventory, two methods of Cronbach's alpha and the split-half reliability have been used; Also in order to evaluate the concurrent validity, The Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory-II (MACI-II) have been used. Findings showed that the validity coefficients with Cronbach's alpha and split-half in the scales of emotional dysfunction, demoralization, dysfunctional negative emotion, self-doubt, negative school attitudes, shyness, aggressiveness, psychoticism, and introversion were higher than 0/70, which indicates the desirable validity coefficients of these scales in adolescents referred to counseling centers in Tehran. Also, Findings showed that this instrument has concurrent validity with The Million Adolescent Clinical Inventory-II. Finally, it can be concluded that this Inventory has desirable psychometric properties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
148 - MMPI-ARF Standardization of reconstructed form of Minnesota multidimensional Personality Inventory in guidance school students in Aq Qala city
Azam Taziki Kambiz KamkariIn this study present MMPI-ARF Standardization of reconstructed form of Minnesota multidimensional Personality Inventory in guidance school students at Aq Qala city and the research main question is raised whether reconstructed form of Minnesota multidimensional Persona MoreIn this study present MMPI-ARF Standardization of reconstructed form of Minnesota multidimensional Personality Inventory in guidance school students at Aq Qala city and the research main question is raised whether reconstructed form of Minnesota multidimensional Personality Inventory (MMPI-ARF) in guidance school students in Aq Qala city has desirable psychometric properties? The research method is in the field of methodological research, with emphasis on psychometric. Statistical population constitute all Aq Qala city guidance school students that are 3239 persons (1056 girl students, , 1699 boy students and 34 boy students in non-profit school), which 100 students using a convenience sampling were selected as sample size. The instrument used in this study is reconstructed form of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-ARF) that has validity and favorable credit. To determine the questionnaire validity coefficient with an emphasis on internal consistency of questions is used Cronbach alpha methods and test-retest method to evaluate the coefficient stability, Also, to investigate the validity coefficient of validity used same type criterion, in this regard, Assessment questionnaire of personality pathology aspects (DAPP-BQ) and correlation between the two mentioned questionnaire using the Pearson correlation coefficient is used and finally used structural validity of hierarchical and determine the coefficient of resolution-oriented. And results showed that all reliability coefficients greater than 84/0 used Cronbach's alpha and coefficients greater than 89/0 used test-retest method with Spearman-Brown modified which shows the favorable reliability coefficient of present questionnaire in evaluated 28 scales. Also, Minnesota multidimensional personality questionnaire reconstructed form (MMPI-ARF) with Assessment questionnaire of personality pathology aspects in Aq Qala guidance schools adolescents has simultaneous validity; finally, it became clear that Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory reconstructed form (MMPI-ARF) has an internal structure that includes 28 scales and 4 factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
149 - Studying the Psychometric Measurement of Deviant Behavioral Scale in Adolescents aged 12 to 18 years in Tehran
Masoumeh Hafezamini Hadi FarhadiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of deviant behavior in adolescents in Tehran. The methodology was based on investigations of test creation according to a descriptive purpose of survey. In order to sta MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of deviant behavior in adolescents in Tehran. The methodology was based on investigations of test creation according to a descriptive purpose of survey. In order to statistical population of the research, all male students between 12 to 18 years old who were studying first and second year in secondary schools in 15 to 18 Regions of Tehran in the academic year of 1396-1397 was considered. According to Morgan's table and cluster sampling, 300 people was selected as a research sample and responded to a 19 scaled questionnaire created by Sanchez & Associates' Divergent Behaviors (2016). Data analysis was accomplished by using SPSS-20 and Lisrel 8.8 software and also, the statistical methods of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. In order to investigate and analysis reliability by Cronbach's alpha (internal consistency), retaliation and validity were measured at the same time. The results of the research showed that Adolescent behavioral deviation scale has a good validity and stability. Hence, the questionnaire determine the diversions of adolescents appropriately. This scale can be implemented in humanities research especially in the social sciences and psychology by other researchers. Therefore, it can be serviceable as a tool for determining the strengths and weaknesses of adolescents in behavioral deviations to take determinations to reduce juvenile deviant behaviors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
150 - The comparsion of positive and negative emotional regulation, cognitive ability and Contingencies of self-worth in Gifted and normal adolescents
سهراب امیری امیر gh یوسف جمالیThe comparsion of positive and negative emotional regulation, cognitive ability and Contingencies of self-worth in Gifted and normal adolescentsThe comparsion of positive and negative emotional regulation, cognitive ability and Contingencies of self-worth in Gifted and normal adolescents Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
151 - The effectiveness of the Developing an Encouraging Education Program for Parents on social interest, in adolescents with behavioral disorder
Mina Poornemat Hamid alizade Noorali FarrokhiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the Developing an Encouraging Education Program for Parents on social interest, in adolescents with behavioral disorder. The method of this study was a descriptive, semi-experimental, pre-test-post-test w MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the Developing an Encouraging Education Program for Parents on social interest, in adolescents with behavioral disorder. The method of this study was a descriptive, semi-experimental, pre-test-post-test with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of sixth to ninth grade students in the academic year of 96-97 in Tehran. From this community, a sample of 30 students from Resalat School (District 1) in Tehran was selected using available sampling. The CSI-4 questionnaire was used to collect data. 30 mothers were randomly assigned to experimental group (15) and control group (15), then the experimental group received 11 training sessions and the control group did not participate in any intervention. The data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the dependent variable (p <0.05). Therefore, according to the results, it can be concluded that the encouragement training program for parents with adolescents with emotional disorders-behavior can reduce the symptoms of this disorder and use it as an effective treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
152 - Presenting ideal parameters for rewriting and story selection drawing from epic works especially Shahnameh in child and Young adult Literature
Pariya Ansari عبدالحسین فرزادThe present article is the outcome of a library research made in order to promote the quality of the rewritten texts drawn from epic works with emphasis on the cognitive, emotional, and social development parameters for the child and adolescent. The first step tow MoreThe present article is the outcome of a library research made in order to promote the quality of the rewritten texts drawn from epic works with emphasis on the cognitive, emotional, and social development parameters for the child and adolescent. The first step towards achieving this aim is to present the theoretical basis of rewriting the epic works in child and adolescent literature and then the brief history of the rewritten works as far as national interests is concerned with particular emphasis on Shahnameh is investigated. Next the characteristics of the child’s development in different ages are classified and based on that information the general and specialized regulations for rewriting the ancient epic works are evaluated. Based on this analysis, the ideal parameters for choosing a story and rewriting epic works compatible with mental capacities and different cognitive abilities addressed at child and young adult in different ages are suggested and summed up. Finally, to show the matter in practice examples of these ideal parameters in comparison with their inefficient adaptations of Shahnameh stories are provided. The present research is a scientific method for presenting ideal parameters for story selection in other literary genres too. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
153 - Emotion regulation in adolescents: the predicting role of family function and attachment
zeinab ghaempour marziteh esmailian Mehdireza SarafrazEmotion regulation plays an important role in responding to possible stresses and crises, especially among adolescents, So, it is important to examine the role of effective factors in the development of emotion regulation. Current study investigated the role of attachme MoreEmotion regulation plays an important role in responding to possible stresses and crises, especially among adolescents, So, it is important to examine the role of effective factors in the development of emotion regulation. Current study investigated the role of attachment and family functions in prediction of emotion regulation in adolescents. A sample of adolescents between the age of 14 to 17, selected based on multi-level cluster sampling, completed a battery of questionnaires including family function assessment, inventory of parent and peer attachment and children and adolescent’s emotion regulation checklist. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. The results of this study showed that the overall function of the family was most important in predicting emotional stability, self-awareness in expressing emotions, emotional expressiveness in suitable situations, emotional flexibility and control and management of emotions. Other family functions’ subscales including behavioral and communication control also played an important role in emotional expressiveness in suitable situations. However, attachment to mother showed weak correlations with several subscales of ERC, did not play a significant role to predict emotion regulation strategies in adolescents. Therefore, the healthy family function can play a crucial role in the formation of emotional stress during adolescence, and prevent many challenges during adolescence Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
154 - Psychometric analysis scale of dysfunctional attitude towards children and adolescents
Omid Shokri Hossein Pour Shahriar Maryam Aghayi Mohammad Hossein Sanayi pourDepression schemas appear in the form of dysfunctional attitude and they are effective at all stages of information and process of information processing, including receiving, code switching and retrieving information from memory and the surroundings. The ai MoreDepression schemas appear in the form of dysfunctional attitude and they are effective at all stages of information and process of information processing, including receiving, code switching and retrieving information from memory and the surroundings. The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric version of children and adolescents scale of dysfunctional attitude among Iranian group of adolescents. To this end, through a descriptive study, 214 adolescents (96 males and 118 females) were tested with DAS-CA dysfunctional attitude scale. Factorial validity of dysfunctional attitude scale was assessed using principal component analysis and internal consistency using cronbach's alpha dysfunctional attitude scale. To study the construct validity, the correlation coefficient between dimensions of the dysfunctional attitude scale was studied with positive emotion. Principal components analysis with Oblimin rotation indicated that dysfunctional attitude scale has been formed of two factor of individual-oriented perfectionism, and community-based perfectionism (the need for social approval). The results of the correlation between dimensions of dysfunctional attitude with positive emotion supports the construct validity of the scale of dysfunctional attitudes, empirically. Values of coefficient internal consistency of dysfunctional attitude scale for individual-oriented perfectionism, and community-based perfectionism are 72.0 and 78.0, respectively. In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that dysfunctional attitude scale is a valid and reliable tool for assessing the concept of dysfunctional attitudes in Iranian adolescents. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
155 - The study of autobiographical memory in immigrant adolescents suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Mostafa Ahadi Ali Reza Moradi Jafar HasaniPost-traumatic stress disorder is an anxiety disorder which is characterized by persistent re-experiencing, avoidance, arousal and cognitive and emotional symptoms in direct or indirect response while faced with traumatic events. Post-traumatic stress disorder, will cau MorePost-traumatic stress disorder is an anxiety disorder which is characterized by persistent re-experiencing, avoidance, arousal and cognitive and emotional symptoms in direct or indirect response while faced with traumatic events. Post-traumatic stress disorder, will cause several problems in behavior. Although adults with post-traumatic stress disorder suffer from memory impairment, but little information is available on children’s field suffering post-traumatic stress disorder. The purpose of this study was to evaluate autobiographical memory in the immigrant adolescents with traumatic stress disorder. For this purpose, in a comparative study, 22 young immigrants suffering the disease were selected as the target group, and they were compared to 22 young immigrant who did not have any criteria of post-traumatic stress disorder in terms of the autobiographical memory, anxiety and depression. Comparing the means indicated that people with post-traumatic stress disorder are significantly weaker than normal in the autobiographical memory function. While there was no significant differences between the two groups in terms of depression and anxiety. The current studies suggest that the autobiographical memory of post-traumatic stress disorder should be considered as an important factor in diagnostic and therapeutic study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
156 - Qualitative Study of the Attitudes of Female Youths and Adolescents Adherent to South Korean Entertainment Industry Products
Leila Ebrahimi Varzaneh Elham FathiThe present research was purposed to qualitatively study the female youths and adolescent’s attitude who were adherent to South Korean entertainment industry products. The statistical population subsumed the female youths and adolescents who were adherent to South Korea MoreThe present research was purposed to qualitatively study the female youths and adolescent’s attitude who were adherent to South Korean entertainment industry products. The statistical population subsumed the female youths and adolescents who were adherent to South Korean entertainment industry products in Tehran city. The sample until reaching theoretical saturation encompassed eleven female adolescents and youths aged 13 to 22 whom were selected via purposive sampling procedure. The research method was qualitative of contractual content analysis type and semi-structured interviews were used. The results of the research revealed that new media have become the cause of changes in identity building institutions and the media have changed the meaning-making factors of identity. The influence of the media in the formation of the identity and attitude of female youths and adolescents is significant in relation to the way their identity is influenced by the South Korean entertainment industry. Also, during exploratory interviews with the participants, 5 main themes and 24 sub-themes were extracted. The extracted themes included distance from the Iranian self and identity, critical attitude about the cultural, social, economic, and gender situation in Iran, idealism, imitation and feeling close to South Korean entertainment industry artists, lifestyle change, and group identity formation. The findings of this study could provide useful information to media policymakers, mental health professionals, and sociologists to be effective in forming the identity and attitude of young Iranian females. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
157 - Criminal liability of children and adolescents in Iranian and English jurisprudence
Nasim SaghiriThis article aims to investigate the criminal liability policies for children in Iran and England, with the goal of understanding the gradual or immediate nature of juvenile criminal responsibility, the investigative and prosecutorial process for juvenile crimes, and ho MoreThis article aims to investigate the criminal liability policies for children in Iran and England, with the goal of understanding the gradual or immediate nature of juvenile criminal responsibility, the investigative and prosecutorial process for juvenile crimes, and how these two legal systems respond to crimes committed by minors. In Iran's legislative policy, criminal responsibility is gradual, with the age of 9 as the starting point for partial criminal responsibility and the age of 18 as the beginning of full criminal responsibility, primarily for crimes subject to hadd and qisas (retaliation) punishments. In contrast, in England's criminal policy, gradual criminal responsibility is applied to all crimes, considering the age of 10 as the threshold for relative criminal responsibility.The emphasis on specialized juvenile courts in Iran and the right of police and prosecutors to intervene in investigations and prosecutions in all cases in the English legal system, as well as the detention of juveniles in both legal systems, are among the findings of this research. In terms of responses to juvenile crimes in both legal systems, we observe rehabilitative approaches and diversion policies, although the diversity of punitive responses in the English legal system has made it more capable of achieving a desirable level of proportionality between the crime and punishment compared to the Iranian legal system. Manuscript profile
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