-
Open Access Article
1 - Improving stability of microgrids using adaptive sliding mode controller
Mehdi MotevaselToday, microgrids are an important part of smart distribution networks, which include all kinds of renewable energy production sources and can operate either connected or disconnected from the main grid. Microgrid controllers play the most important role for the satisfa MoreToday, microgrids are an important part of smart distribution networks, which include all kinds of renewable energy production sources and can operate either connected or disconnected from the main grid. Microgrid controllers play the most important role for the satisfactory automatic operation and control of the microgrid during operation in grid-connected and islanded mode. By adjusting the production capacities of scattered energy sources, the grid controller can increase the stability of the microgrid in the event of a short circuit error, switching and other disturbances.In this article, the stability of the microgrid in the grid-connected state is investigated when disturbances and additional harmonics are applied as a result of disconnection and connection moment or when the state changes from the island state to the grid-connected state. For this purpose, a control scheme based on adaptive sliding model has been proposed. Also, to show the resistance and efficiency of the control system, the Lyapunov stability analysis method has been used. The simulation results show that the interference caused by the interference in the microgrid inverter and the disturbance effect have been removed and the tracking has been obtained with high accuracy Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Modeling of Energy Storage Systems in Microgrids with the Aim of Reducing Cost and Environmental Pollutants
Mehdi MotevaselIn this article, in order to improve the performance of a micro-grid, a complete and practical model for electric energy storage is presented. In order to optimize the energy in the micro-grid, a dual-purpose objective function has been considered, and the main purpose MoreIn this article, in order to improve the performance of a micro-grid, a complete and practical model for electric energy storage is presented. In order to optimize the energy in the micro-grid, a dual-purpose objective function has been considered, and the main purpose of this function is to simultaneously minimize the total operating costs and environmental pollutants by considering the uncertainty in the micro-grid. In the optimization part, due to the large search space of the above problem and its non-linearity, the proposed improved particle swarm algorithm has been used. Comparing the answers obtained through the above optimization algorithm with other optimization algorithms shows that the above algorithm is more efficient and has higher speed and accuracy. Finally, the proposed algorithm for managing the electrical energy of the entire micro-grid, the working points of all scattered production sources, how to charge and discharge electrical energy storage devices, as well as the amount of electrical power exchanged with the upstream network, in the condition that the total operating costs and environmental pollution Production is simultaneously minimized and optimized. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Designing and operating of BSC as a comprehensive system of performance assessment
R. Shabahang M. EbrahimiIt was a long time that human kind was waiting for 21st century and it has brought us a great deal ofproblems more than previous time and these days we can hardly find stable organization more over, thepriorities are going to change so it is obvious that we should adapt MoreIt was a long time that human kind was waiting for 21st century and it has brought us a great deal ofproblems more than previous time and these days we can hardly find stable organization more over, thepriorities are going to change so it is obvious that we should adapt ourselves to accept new technology andcompetitive efforts and it is necessary to know more about our status in order to make a reasonable attemptin our normal business days and we should be able to predict the outcome in future. Therefore, we shouldhave a brilliant strategy to achieve to these goals in the exact period according to our plan.In this due, without a doubt there was a great need to obtain comprehensive performance assistance whichis evaluated according to the organization’s strategies.In 1992 the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) was presented by Kaplan and Norton. This new method says thatsome custom’s methods like (ROI) are not complete approaches to present the organization’s function.BSC is analyzing procedures in learning and growth, internal, customer and financial perspective which isrepresented the most departments of the organization.BSC is paying attention to financial and not financial goals, quality and quantity and clarify what we havedone in the past and what we should do in the future.In this project first: The BSC models have designed in 8 steps according to strategy of one samplecompany then the relation between four perspective have tested.The major assumptions are as bellows:1- There is a meaningful connection between training and internal perspective.2- There is a meaningful connection between internal perspective and customer’s satisfaction.3- There is a meaningful connection between customer’s satisfaction and profitIn conclusion, the project presented that there were meaningful connections between training and internalperspective, internal perspective and customer’s satisfaction, customer’s satisfaction and profit of theorganization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Reliability and Availability Improvement in Economic Data Grid Environment Based On Clustering Approach
Ali Abbasi Amir Masoud Rahmani Esmaeil Zeinali Khasraghi -
Open Access Article
5 - E2DR: Energy Efficient Data Replication in Data Grid
Kobra Bagheri Mehran Mohsenzadeh -
Open Access Article
6 - Dynamic Replication based on Firefly Algorithm in Data Grid
mehdi Sadeghzadeh -
Open Access Article
7 - Identifying and Designing the model of factors affecting the implementation of electrical industry projects, Case study: Dispatching Projects of Khorasan Regional electric Company
azim zarei Davod Fiez Abasali Rastgar hassan sadeghpourForecasting the needs for electricity and timely implementation of electricity projects and the prevention of power outages, is from the tasks of electricity companies. The purpose of this research is to identify the causes of delay and design of the factors affecting t MoreForecasting the needs for electricity and timely implementation of electricity projects and the prevention of power outages, is from the tasks of electricity companies. The purpose of this research is to identify the causes of delay and design of the factors affecting the implementation of electrical industry projects. This research is in terms of applied and qualitative method. In this research, to identify the effective factors, an unscheduled interview was conducted with managers and experts in the electricity industry in the regional power company of Khorasan. After identifying the effective factors and grouping them using the Structural Interpretation Modeling (ISM), the classification of the criteria and the relationship between them and the presentation of the model was performed. In this regard, 162 criteria were identified as factors affecting the implementation of projects that, after sorting and categorizing these criteria, were divided into 11 groups, of which 7 criteria, in turn, were divided into several other criteria. They were After identifying the above factors and classifying the factors affecting the implementation of the electricity industry projects, in particular the projects of the dispatching centers and providing the model, preventive measures are proposed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Co-Roman domination in trees
Rana Khoeilar Marzieh sorudiAbstract: Let G=(V,E) be a graph and let f:V(G)→{0,1,2} be a function‎. ‎A vertex v is protected with respect to f‎, ‎if f(v)>0 or f(v)=0 and v is adjacent to a vertex of positive weight‎. ‎The function f is a co-Roman dominating function MoreAbstract: Let G=(V,E) be a graph and let f:V(G)→{0,1,2} be a function‎. ‎A vertex v is protected with respect to f‎, ‎if f(v)>0 or f(v)=0 and v is adjacent to a vertex of positive weight‎. ‎The function f is a co-Roman dominating function‎, ‎abbreviated CRDF if‎: ‎(i) every vertex in V is protected‎, ‎and (ii) each u∈V with positive weight has a neighbor v∈V with f(v)=0 such that the function f_uv:V→{0,1,2}‎, ‎defined by f_uv (v)=1‎, ‎f_uv (u)=f(u)-1 and f_uv (x)=f(x)for x∈V-\{v,u}‎, ‎has no unprotected vertex‎. ‎The weight of f is ω(f)=∑_(v∈V)▒〖f(v)〗‎. ‎The co-Roman domination number of a graph G ‎, ‎denoted by γ_cr G)‎, ‎is the minimum weight of a co-Roman dominating function on G ‎. ‎In this paper, we first present an upper bound on the co-Roman domination number of trees in terms of order, the number of leaves and supports‎. Then we find bounds on the co-Roman domination number of a graph and its other dominating parameters . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Evaluation portfolio’s performance according to Sharp and Traynor ratio which selected based on accounting models of Intellectual Capital by using Grid matrix model H
هاشم نیکومرام فریدون رهنمای رودپشتی هدی همتیPortfolio selection based on the active strategy, which is called Grid matrix model, cantake place based on various characteristics. This model seeks to identify a set of portfolioswith higher return than the market. In this study portfolios are selected based on type o MorePortfolio selection based on the active strategy, which is called Grid matrix model, cantake place based on various characteristics. This model seeks to identify a set of portfolioswith higher return than the market. In this study portfolios are selected based on type of firm(growth, growth-value and value), type of stock (aggressive, defensive and neutral) andintellectual capital (IC) which measured by six accounting model, then their return wascompared to determine which one of them can lead to higher return.The data of the research is gathered from companies which listed in Tehran stockexchange through ٢٠٠۶-٢٠١١ by random sampling procedures. Returns of selected portfoliosare computed by Traynor and Sharp performance ratios. The Spearman Correlation test isused to test the hypothesis.The results show that portfolios which selected based on pulic model (sixth model) formeasuring IC in Grid matrix model, have higher return than traditional and new models ofGrid model. Hypothesis of study wasn’t accepted for the five other model in this study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Evaluation of high spatio-temporal resolution precipitation products over Dareh-Roud Ardebil basin
Alireza Pilpayeh Afshin Shayeghi Aydin Bakhtar Akbar Rahmati Afshin VatankhahInappropriate distribution of precipitation measurement stations has increased the use of gridded precipitation datasets consisting of satellite, reanalysis and ground- based datasets .Accurate measurement and estimation of precipitation amounts and events is very impor MoreInappropriate distribution of precipitation measurement stations has increased the use of gridded precipitation datasets consisting of satellite, reanalysis and ground- based datasets .Accurate measurement and estimation of precipitation amounts and events is very important. With the increasing development of satellite technologies in recent decades, access to high spatio- temporal resolution of precipitation data has been provided in many parts of the world. Given that these precipitation datasets cannot be used without initial assessment due to uncertainties in estimating cloud and precipitation thickness. The purpose of this study was to evaluate CMORPH, PERSIANN and PERSIANN-CDR precipitation datasets based on statistical indices such as contingency table indices at Dare-roud basin which is located in Ardabil province. Results show that CMORPH product performs better in estimating basin precipitation in most of the stations with RMSE index less than 3 mm and CC index higher than 0.7. Also in terms of the contingency table indices, the CMORPH performs better in most of the indices (except Bias) than other products, so it is recommended to correct its bias and use this precipitation product in future studies in Darehroud basin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Influence of the concept of subgrid variability and computational mesh dimensions on the performance of HEC-RAS 2D model in simulating river floodplains (Case study: Sarbaz River)
Amir Samadi Asghar AzizianThe 2D HEC-RAS model uses a new concept called subgrid-variability to include elevation changes within a computational cell and thus has very little dependence on computational cell dimensions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the concept of subgr MoreThe 2D HEC-RAS model uses a new concept called subgrid-variability to include elevation changes within a computational cell and thus has very little dependence on computational cell dimensions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the concept of subgrid-variability on the simulated flood area in the Sarbaz River. The other purposes of this study is to investigate the effect of map scale on the performance of 1D and 2D HEC-RAS model. The results showed that with increasing computational cell dimensions, the model error in simulating flood zones was relatively low compared to small cell dimensions. For example, if using a computing grid with dimensions of 500 meters instead of a 20 meters grid, the simulated flood area in different parts of the Sarbaz River would be less than 15 percent. The run time of the 2D model in the cell dimension of 500 meters is approximately 45 times less than the run time of the model in case of using cell dimensions of 20 meters. The findings clearly indicate to what extent the use of the concept of subgrid variability in modeling can be effective when implementing numerical models, especially in large and complex rivers. The calculations also show that the difference between 1D and 2D models in the simulation of hydraulic parameters in small scales is relatively small and by increasing the map scale, the difference between the two models increases. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Evaluation of Global Gridded Precipitation Datasets for Drought Monitoring (Case Study: Great Karoon Watershed)
Behzad Navidi Nassaj Narges Zohrabi Alireza Nikbakht Shahbazi Hossein FathianIn this study, the Spatio-temporal performance of 5 global gridded precipitation datasets including GPCC V8, CHIRPS V2, ECMWF ERA5, NASA MERRA2, and PERSIANN-CDR (PCDR) in drought monitoring has been evaluated. For this purpose, the standardized precipitation index (SPI MoreIn this study, the Spatio-temporal performance of 5 global gridded precipitation datasets including GPCC V8, CHIRPS V2, ECMWF ERA5, NASA MERRA2, and PERSIANN-CDR (PCDR) in drought monitoring has been evaluated. For this purpose, the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and precipitation information of 13 synoptic stations of the Meteorological Organization of Iran during the thirty years of 1987-2016 has been used. Comparisons were carried out based on performance indices include correlation, mean square root error (RMSE), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient, and modified agreement index (MAI) as well as drought detection accuracy metrics including False Alarm Ratio (FAR), probability of detection (POD) and the Critical Success Index (CSI). The results showed that GPCC, ERA5, PCDR datasets had a strong agreement with SPI observations so that they showed the drought trends and situations well and their R2 with observational SPI was Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Analysis and Evaluation of Hybrid Cooperative Frequency Control for Micro Grids in Islanding Mode in Case of Solar Panel Outage and Load Variation
maryam rahmani faramarz faghihi babak mozafariBackground and Objective: This paper proposes frequency control of micro grids in islanding mode with expected scenarios. Micro grids are able to operate in islanding mode. One of the most important difficulties for micro grid in islanding mode is frequency instability MoreBackground and Objective: This paper proposes frequency control of micro grids in islanding mode with expected scenarios. Micro grids are able to operate in islanding mode. One of the most important difficulties for micro grid in islanding mode is frequency instability or frequency fluctuation. Method: For rapid Frequency Control, power balance between generation and consumption should be provided momentary which can be achieved with ESS like batteries. Battery station with power electronics devices interface (BESS) due to having very fast dynamic response well designed can lead to improve frequency stability via absorption or injection of active power. Normally to achieve maximum usage of battery capacity considering available charge, choosing efficient control method is so crucial. Two different scenarios are considered to prove of efficiency of proposes cooperative control method using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. In the first scenario on islanding mode micro grid is studied in case of load variation but in another scenario both solar panel outage and load variation solar occurrence are simulated. Findings: In both scenarios, the proposed control method is simulated by changing the load and solar cell outflow. It was observed that the frequency oscillations were attenuated by a few tens of seconds and at the same time the battery returned to its minimum value after power was applied. It also keeps the voltage deviations within its normal range. By adjusting the control coefficients, this damping process for frequency fluctuations can be improved. Discussion and conclusion: A new cooperative frequency control method is introduced by combination of frequency control strategy and battery energy storage system via diesel generator attendance, the suggested method presents an efficient method during islanding mode operation of micro grid for frequency fluctuation considering minimum requested power of BESS, provide setting of control coefficients causes improvement of damping rate as well. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Comparison of Performance of Selected Stock Portfolios Based on Constraint Theory Criteria with Traditional Grid Matrix Model
Mohammad Aslani mohammad reza setayesh Mohammad Hasan janani mahmood hematfarThrough the grid matrix model, stock of companies can be classified according to different characteristics in a matrix then formed portfolios. In this research, using the data of 156 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period of 2011-2017 and through th MoreThrough the grid matrix model, stock of companies can be classified according to different characteristics in a matrix then formed portfolios. In this research, using the data of 156 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange during the period of 2011-2017 and through the grid matrix model based on throughput accounting’ criteria as the proposed model, the formed portfolios and their performance with the traditional grid matrix model and market portfolio were compared. The results of the research show that the proposed model portfolios have a higher performance than the traditional grid matrix model based on Sharp, Sortino, upside potential and Omega criteria, and the portfolios of companies with high system performance, in addition to the above criteria, also had higher performance than traditional grid matrix model based Jensen's criteria. Also, the performance of these portfolios in terms of upside potential and omega criteria is higher than market portfolio, and the performance of companies with low system performance has a stronger correlation with market portfolios Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Evaluation Grid matrix model according to Sharp and Traynor ratio for assessing portfolio’s performance in selective model
Hashem Nikoomaram Hoda Hemmati In the current competitive market, the goal of organizations is to gain more market share by creating competitive advantages. The success of an organization depends on the use and management of knowledge and Intellectual Capital (IC) in all aspects of the organi More In the current competitive market, the goal of organizations is to gain more market share by creating competitive advantages. The success of an organization depends on the use and management of knowledge and Intellectual Capital (IC) in all aspects of the organization. Today’s IC plays an important role in the process of economic, managerial, technological and social developing. According to the importance of IC and its impact on company’s value and returns, select portfolio based on IC can affect the investor’s return, so in this study we apply IC variables in Grid matrix model which categorizes companies stock by use of six accounting model for measuring IC and market value, to form the Grid matrix. The data of the research is gathered from companies which listed in Tehran stock exchange through 1385-1389 by random sampling procedures. Returns of selected portfolios are computed by Traynor and Sharp performance ratios, in order to identify portfolios with higher performance than market portfolio performance. The Kolmogorov – Smirnov Z test is used to test the hypothesis. The results show that portfolios which selected based on IC models In Grid matrix model have higher performance than market portfolio. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Comparing Efficiency of Performance Evaluation Measures Based on Post Modern Portfolio Theory in Ranking Portfolio formed by Grid Strategy Model
Hamidreza Vakilifard Shahram Babalooyan Mehrdokht MozaffariThis research aims to rank grid matrix model with performance evaluation by measures based on post modern portfolio and study the efficiency of these measures. Different types of portfolio resulting from grid matrix model are ranked by sortino ratio, omega ratio and pro MoreThis research aims to rank grid matrix model with performance evaluation by measures based on post modern portfolio and study the efficiency of these measures. Different types of portfolio resulting from grid matrix model are ranked by sortino ratio, omega ratio and prospect ratio. Since Kolmogrove - Smirnov and Shapiro–Wilk tests don’t confirm the normality of monthly returns, so Non-Parametric tests – Spearman and Friedman Tests - applied. According to the results of these tests, not only no significant difference was found between rankings, but also was not endorsed a significant correlation between them. Therefore to study the efficiency of performance evaluation measures, portfolios performance evaluated over a period of 5 years and over a period of 2 years, the results of this evaluation investigated. For this purpose, Pearson Correlation Coefficient between evaluated and real ranks calculated and the two types of innovative portfolios made to show the efficiency of measures in general recognition of real ranks and top rated. As the result, prospect ratio shows best efficiency for ranking resulted portfolios from grid matrix model in Tehran Stock Exchange. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Increase Flexibility and Improve Resilience in Smart Microgrids by Coordinating Storage Resources and Distributed Generation During Contingencies
Mohsen Gholami Mehrdad MallakiThe microgrid inertia as a result of tiny structure and barely tolerance variations, is fairly low. Thus, the maintenance of voltage stability and frequency specifically in islanded mode is extremely demanding. Even if these products have efficient control system, they MoreThe microgrid inertia as a result of tiny structure and barely tolerance variations, is fairly low. Thus, the maintenance of voltage stability and frequency specifically in islanded mode is extremely demanding. Even if these products have efficient control system, they can’t retain microgrid stability due to the low speed of response in primary sources of energy and communication delays of the links between outer unit and control system in distributed generation. Introducing a structure of fuzzy control arranged with neural network to balance between generation part and consumption part in micro grid is the main purpose of this paper. Using the fuzzy logic, this controller enables flexible operation of microgrids in both network and islanded modes. In the proposed control system, a trainable neural network in different operating conditions is responsible for fine tuning of the fuzzy logic system. Because of the sensitivity of the loads in the microgrid the proposed structure is designed to interact with the storage source in order to increase the response speed to the imbalance between production and consumption. This might prevent excessive voltage and frequency deviation, especially in the severe situations. With this controller, fluctuations in the production of renewable resources quickly compensated without a negative impact on resilience and instability of the microgrid, especially while disconnecting from the main network Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Demand Planning and Transmission Network Development in the Capacity Market Using Microgrids
mohammad khadem Mojtaba NajafiTransmission network development is one of the most important parts of the power system that determines the optimal configuration for the network based on load demand. Expansion of transmission lines is not always cost effective; For this reason, with the growth of dema MoreTransmission network development is one of the most important parts of the power system that determines the optimal configuration for the network based on load demand. Expansion of transmission lines is not always cost effective; For this reason, with the growth of demand and shortage of energy resources, Planning of Demand Response has received special attention. In this paper, the role of microgrids as an alternative solution for transmission network development is investigated and a proposed method for modeling microgrids in the capacity market is presented as a solution to the transmission network development planning problem. The results show that the addition of microgrids causes reduction in transmission network development costs. In addition, the addition of microgrids causes a slight increase in the profitability of selling capacity to consumers. These results prove that by continuing to grow the number and capacity of microgrids in each area, it is possible to ultimately eliminate the need for transmission network development and reduce the market cost of capacity to zero. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Frequency Regulation of Isolated Hybrid Microgrids In the Presence of Uncertainties By Neuro-Fuzzy Based Controllers
Abbas Aff Mohsen Simab Mehdi Nafar Seyed Alireza MiirzaeeThe capability of a neuro-fuzzy control approach for frequency fluctuation damping in an isolated hybrid microgrid (IHMG) system (DEG/WTG /PV/FC/ESSs) is investigated in this paper. Due to the intermittent behavior of renewable energy sources (RESs) like wind turbines a MoreThe capability of a neuro-fuzzy control approach for frequency fluctuation damping in an isolated hybrid microgrid (IHMG) system (DEG/WTG /PV/FC/ESSs) is investigated in this paper. Due to the intermittent behavior of renewable energy sources (RESs) like wind turbines and photovoltaic arrays and the time-varying nature of demands, frequency fluctuation is more likely, specifically in the grid-connected mode. Model parametric uncertainties as well as load changes, wind power, and solar irradiation variations are the main uncertainty sources of the IHMG system. In the suggested approach, a neuro-fuzzy output feedback controller with three inputs that are inspired by PID control is designed considering the power balance between demands and generations, by optimizing fuzzy membership functions’ locations. The proposed controller is compared with two popular other methods on the investigated IHMG system in terms of time-domain characteristics. The outcome illustrates remarkable merit compared to the state-of-the-art methods in the presence of simultaneous disturbances and the model parametric uncertainties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Introducing a new query database optimization method
Peyman Arebi Amir Masoud Bidgoli Serajodin KatebiThe grid database tries to store and scatter data over a wide geographical area in order to create a structure for storing data across the lattice environment in a distributed and heterogeneous manner. Due to the large amount of data, transaction processing in such an e MoreThe grid database tries to store and scatter data over a wide geographical area in order to create a structure for storing data across the lattice environment in a distributed and heterogeneous manner. Due to the large amount of data, transaction processing in such an environment is very complex and time consuming. Obviously, using queries without optimization will greatly reduce the efficiency of transactions in this database, while using appropriate optimization algorithms can greatly increase efficiency. Many algorithms have been proposed to optimize queries, but due to the different network environments, different optimization algorithms are needed. This paper presents an algorithm that is consistent with the structure of lattice computing and works well in lattice database systems with high data volumes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Impact of Energy Dampers in Improvement of Impulsive Response of Double Layer Grids Space Structures
H. Zarrintala A. Maleki M. Darvishhashemi -
Open Access Article
22 - Numerical and Experimental Static Bending Analysis of Composite Sandwich Panels with Grid-Stiffened Cores Before and After Transverse Impact Loading
Ali Asghar Davoodabadi Ali Davar Mohsen Heydari Beni Jafar Eskandari Jam -
Open Access Article
23 - Numerical Investigation of the Grid Geometry Effect on the Modal Response and Buckling of Grid-Stiffened Composite Conical Structure
Mohammad Reza Zamani Mohsen Zaretabar Hossein Parsa Mohsen Heydari Beni -
Open Access Article
24 - Internet of Things in Smart Grid: A Brief Overview
nadia khiadani -
Open Access Article
25 - Presenting a Multi-Objective Stochastic Integrated Energy Management Model in Electrical and Thermal Microgrids by Locating CHP and Battery Sources, Thermal Storage and Demand Side Management
Elmira Akhavan Maroofi Mahmoud Samiei Moghaddam Azita Azarfar Reza Davarzani Mojtaba VahediIn this paper, an optimization model based on stochastic quadratic mixed integer programming to provide an integrated energy management of electricity and heat in electrical and thermal microgrids, taking into account the uncertainty of renewable energy sources, locatio MoreIn this paper, an optimization model based on stochastic quadratic mixed integer programming to provide an integrated energy management of electricity and heat in electrical and thermal microgrids, taking into account the uncertainty of renewable energy sources, location of electricity generation sources and combined heat and power (CHP) along with energy and thermal storage systems and demand side management are provided in island operation and connected to the grid. A multi-objective function including minimization of energy loss, voltage deviation, cost of resource utilization, as well as reduction of renewable energy sources and reduction of installation cost is considered. The IEEE 69 bus distribution network was selected for analysis and coding was done in MATLAB software and CVX optimization package. The proposed model is also solved by the most powerful existing solver called Gurobi. The obtained results show the performance and accuracy of the proposed model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - A Review on the Non-Conventional Protection Schemes for Active Distribution Networks
Farzad Hajimohammadi Ehsan Heydarian-Forushani Seyed Fariborz Zarei Hossein MokhtariIn this paper, the different protection challenges of active distribution networks are reviewed and the conventional and non-conventional schemes are examined. In active distribution networks, due to the presence of distributed generations at different levels of distrib MoreIn this paper, the different protection challenges of active distribution networks are reviewed and the conventional and non-conventional schemes are examined. In active distribution networks, due to the presence of distributed generations at different levels of distribution network, the functionality of the conventional protection strategies are partially or totally are affected. Therefore, the protection strategies should be updated, and the conventional protective schemes and characteristics should be changed. In this paper, first, the potential protection issues raised of active distribution networks are reviewed. Among the challenges, the bidirectional flow of the fault current, the increased amplitude of fault current, the dependency of the fault current on the operating point, the reduction of reach of the relays, the blinding of the protective relay, unwanted islanding, and etc. are reviewed. Then, the performance of the conventional protections including fuses, overcurrent relays, reclosers under such conditions has been investigated. Furthermore, the existing modified protection methods in the literature are examined, which are classified into two general categories of (i) protective relays with unconventional characteristics, and (ii) adaptive protective relays. Finally, the studied different methods are compared with each other, and their performance characteristics are evaluated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Improvement of Conventional Droop Methods Performance During the Fault Occurrence in an Islanded Micro-Grid Using the Concept of Virtual Impedance
Sobhan Tahanzadeh Farshad Zandi Bahador Fani Matin Dashtipour Ehsan Adib Esmaeel RokrokMost Micro-Sources (MSs) are interfaced to a Micro-Grid (MG) using power electronics converters. Therefore, a MG can be envisioned as a group of parallel converters. A well-known method to control a group of parallel converters in the decentralized control structure in MoreMost Micro-Sources (MSs) are interfaced to a Micro-Grid (MG) using power electronics converters. Therefore, a MG can be envisioned as a group of parallel converters. A well-known method to control a group of parallel converters in the decentralized control structure in a MG is to use frequency and voltage droop characteristics. A problem associated with conventional droop characteristics is that reactive power is not always properly shared among MSs which may lead to converter overloading. The nature of conventional droop characteristics is linear. Therefore, these characteristics do not have a sufficient degree of freedom to function properly in nonlinear conditions, such as the occurrence of short circuit faults. Most of proposed methods in the literature are limited to specific MG structures or need extensive information of grid. For this purpose, in this paper, a new power control strategy based on a decentralized method for autonomous micro-grid consisting of voltage source inverters is presented. The control strategy based on voltage and frequency droop control methods. In the proposed method, conventional droop characteristics are corrected by using virtual impedance loop to adjusting the y-intercept of conventional curves. The proposed approach also improves voltage regulation both under normal micro-grid conditions and when faults occur. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - A Review on the Technical Challenges of Connecting Wind Energy Conversion Systems to the Grid
Majid Tavoosi Ehsan Heydarian-Forushani Mohammad Hassan Amirioun Mohsen Parsa MoghaddamWind power generation is making an increasingly significant contribution to global electricity production. The high penetration of wind power poses many operational and control challenges that affects the reliability and stability of power systems. In this Paper, the re MoreWind power generation is making an increasingly significant contribution to global electricity production. The high penetration of wind power poses many operational and control challenges that affects the reliability and stability of power systems. In this Paper, the reported technical challenges caused by the grid integration of wind energy conversion system (WECS) and the proposed solutions methodologies represents. The wind-generating system components and architecture are investigated at the beginning of this article for analysis and stability studies purposes, then are addressed various technical challenges; each challenge is discussed individually, focusing on the bulk integration of wind energy into the power systems. Some solutions, including grids code, energy storage technologies, appropriate control strategies, and other methodologies employed to mitigate the effects of the integration, are also included. This review is ready-reckoner of essential topics for further research of wind energy and available technologies in this field. This review provides ready-reckoner of essential topics for grid integration of wind energy and available technologies in direction of overcome the related difficulties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Integrated Optimal Active and Reactive Power Planning in Smart Microgrids with Possibility of One-Hour Islanding
Parastou Khademi Astaneh Hossein Sheikh Shahrokh DehkordiIn power smart grids, equipment and electrical infrastructure and information smart grids in order to increase efficiency, improved reliability and reducing environmental pollution merged together. One of the basic challenges in such grids, increase uncertainty due to t MoreIn power smart grids, equipment and electrical infrastructure and information smart grids in order to increase efficiency, improved reliability and reducing environmental pollution merged together. One of the basic challenges in such grids, increase uncertainty due to the use of distribution generation sources contain are renewable resources. In recent years has proposed the concept of the micro grid, it means a medium voltage distribution grid or low voltage grid includes distribution generation units, storage devices and different controlling loads with operational capability in both cases grid-connected and islanded. Because micro grid in the islanded, grid is with small power generation units, the smallest error it may be cause instability. It is therefore necessary so when passing through grid-connected to island make sure of sufficient storage in distribution generation generator according to their production capability curve in order to satisfy loads reactive and active power. The main focus of this research is on distribution generation unit’s reactive and active power scheduling for sustainable and economic operation from a micro grid. The need for a sustainable transition from grid-connected to island in case of an error in grid is one of the most important constraints in the micro grids. Therefore, must to be investigated economic scheduling of distribution generation units a micro grid considering these constraints. It should be noted that consideration these constraints in reactive and active power scheduling of distribution generation units can bring on more economic benefits in the steady pass from grid-connected to island. So, in this research will be presented formulation related to planning reactive and active power of distribution generation units by maintaining the constraints that its objective function will be to minimize the cost of power generation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Providing Improved Structure and Adaptive Control Strategy for Solar System with the Ability to Improve Power Quality in Islanded Microgrid
Reza Ghobadi Ghazanfar ShahgholianDue to the ever-increasing price of fossil fuels and growing concerns about environmental pollution, the utilization of renewable resources, such as photovoltaic (PV) systems, has witnessed significant growth. However, the lack of an optimal structure and control strate MoreDue to the ever-increasing price of fossil fuels and growing concerns about environmental pollution, the utilization of renewable resources, such as photovoltaic (PV) systems, has witnessed significant growth. However, the lack of an optimal structure and control strategy for PV systems poses a crucial challenge in fully exploiting their potential capabilities. This article proposes a suitable structure and adaptive control strategy for PV systems, enabling the maximum utilization of PV system capabilities in island microgrids. The proposed control structure and strategy are based on a two-stage converter, facilitating maximum power point tracking in PV, injecting the generated PV power into the microgrid with minimal harmonic levels, and improving the power quality of the microgrid by compensating for harmonic components. In this method, the tasks of the DC/AC converter, including the injection of PV active power into the microgrid, provision of reactive power, and harmonic compensation, are prioritized and managed by considering the current peak limitation to prevent inverter overcurrent. Additionally, an adaptive controller is designed to enhance the accuracy and speed of power control. The proposed structure and strategy have been evaluated by simulating a sample microgrid in MATLAB/Simulink. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method enables the PV system to operate at maximum power with minimum harmonic levels, leading to a significant improvement in the speed and accuracy of the control system and enhancing the power quality of the islanded microgrid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Techno-Economic Modelling of a Resilience Enhancement Strategy Based on Multi-microgrid Operational Capabilities
Samira Salahi Navid Rezaei Jamal MoshtaghThe increasing growth of natural disasters and cyber-physical attacks has made developing resilience enhancement strategies for distribution networks become a significant challenge for researchers. Hence, in this paper, a black-start strategy based on multi-microgrids c MoreThe increasing growth of natural disasters and cyber-physical attacks has made developing resilience enhancement strategies for distribution networks become a significant challenge for researchers. Hence, in this paper, a black-start strategy based on multi-microgrids capability is presented in two layers of preventive and corrective measures within a hierarchical centralized energy management framework. The preventive measures layer is based on the regulation of black-start bilateral contracts between the active distribution network operator and the multi-microgrids owner, as well as the regulation of demand response contracts between the multi-microgrids owner and the microgrid response loads. The corrective measures layer includes islanding of microgrids during events, calling of responsive loads, and finally economic-resilient operational planning of the active distribution network in order black-start the distribution system. The developed model is formulated in the framework of hierarchical centralized energy management using an LP-metric-based multi-objective optimization approach, then it is solved by the DICOPT solver in the GAMS package. The effectiveness of the proposed black-start strategy is investigated by evaluating the supplied load as a resilience index on the modified IEEE 33-bus distribution network. The recovery of all the curtailed load of the distribution system after utilizing the proposed strategy indicates the efficiency of the proposed strategy indicates the effectiveness of the proposed black-start strategy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Energy Management and Operational Planning of Networked Microgrids in a Stochastic Environment
Gilda Hosseini Seysed Babak Mozafari Soodabeh SoleymaniThis article introduces a two-stage linear model designed for the coordination of networked microgrids, aimed at optimizing energy management and enhancing profitability through proactive and corrective strategies. Initially, the first stage involves day-ahead hourly pl MoreThis article introduces a two-stage linear model designed for the coordination of networked microgrids, aimed at optimizing energy management and enhancing profitability through proactive and corrective strategies. Initially, the first stage involves day-ahead hourly planning for microgrids, executed in a deterministic environment without accounting for uncertainties. Subsequently, the second stage addresses these uncertainties in real-time network operation through a stochastic programming approach. The model's objective function quantifies and incorporates the variations resulting from both the proactive and corrective phases. To handle uncertainties in wind and solar energy production as well as load demand, probability distribution functions derived from Monte Carlo simulations are utilized. From these, representative scenarios are chosen using a scenario reduction technique. Specifically, the K-means algorithm is employed for scenario clustering, with the Davies-Bouldin (DB) index facilitating automatic clustering. Additionally, load management is conducted via a demand response program. The proposed model stipulates that, within microgrids, only non-critical load levels can be modulated based on the network's economic benefit. This optimization model, formulated as mixed integer programming, is simulated and resolved in the GAMS software environment. The primary goal of this two-stage model is to achieve optimal energy management by balancing economic efficiency with robust network performance. The results obtained validate the model's effectiveness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - A New Dynamic Equivalent Model for Microgrids Including Distributed Generation Units and Static Compensators
Behrooz ZakerDue to the expansion and increasing penetration level of distributed generation units which are usually inertialess or low inertia, new challenges have arisen in power system studies. Thus, in power system studies, microgrids which may have numerous distributed generati MoreDue to the expansion and increasing penetration level of distributed generation units which are usually inertialess or low inertia, new challenges have arisen in power system studies. Thus, in power system studies, microgrids which may have numerous distributed generation units should be modelled and simulated that is very time consuming and complex. Therefore, dynamic equivalencing of microgrids in order to reduce computation burden and complexity is inevitable. In this paper, a new method for dynamic equivalencing of microgrids that includes inverter-based generation units and DSTATCOMs is proposed. The proposed equivalent model is a physical one which includes components such as equivalent converter, controller, resistance, reactance and equivalent load. Using the measurement data at the point of common coupling and utilizing optimization procedure, the parameters of the equivalent model will be identified. The proposed method is applied to IEEE 33-bus test system to show its accuracy and effectiveness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - A Novel Method to Improve Transient Performance and Reduce Microgrid Disturbances Using Resistive Superconducting Fault Current Limiter and Auto Recloser
Arman Golzarfar Ahmad MirzaeiThe increasing use of distributed generation sources in microgrids causes problems when a fault occurs, including an increase in the level of short-circuit current in the microgrid and consequently it causes disturbances in the system after fixing the fault. In this pap MoreThe increasing use of distributed generation sources in microgrids causes problems when a fault occurs, including an increase in the level of short-circuit current in the microgrid and consequently it causes disturbances in the system after fixing the fault. In this paper, using a novel method, the installation location and the optimal resistance value of the resistive superconducting fault current limiter in the microgrid are determined by considering the energy losses in the resistive superconducting fault current limiter, the requirements of low voltage ride through of the doubly fed induction generator and the interrupting capacity of circuit breakers. Also, a mathematical model of resistive superconducting fault current limiter is presented, which by simulating and placing it in the microgrid and applying various types of faults in different points of the microgrid, the effectiveness of the proposed resistive superconducting fault current limiter in reducing the short circuit current level of the microgrid, the impact of simultaneous use of resistive superconducting fault current limiter and auto recloser in significant decreasing of disturbances after Fixing the fault and improving the requirements of low voltage ride through of the doubly fed induction generator are approved. Finally, the analytical comparison of the proposed method with other studies conducted in this field is examined and proves its effectiveness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Static Bending Analysis of Foam Filled Orthogonally Rib-Stiffened Sandwich Panels: A Mathematical Model
S Soleimanian A Davar J Eskandari Jam M Heydari Beni -
Open Access Article
36 - Free Vibration Analysis of Composite Grid Stiffened Cylindrical Shells Using A Generalized Higher Order Theory
H Mohammad Panahiha A Davar M Heydari Beni J Eskandari Jam -
Open Access Article
37 - Transient Dynamic Analysis of Grid-Stiffened Composite Conical Shells
M Zamani A Davar M Heydari Beni J Eskandari Jam -
Open Access Article
38 - Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Impact and Damage on Composite Sandwich Panels with Grid-Stiffened Core
J Faraji Shoaa A Davar J Eskandari Jam M Heydari Beni -
Open Access Article
39 - Comparison of Stiffness and Failure Behavior of the Laminated Grid and Orthogrid Plates
A Ehsani J Rezaeepazhand -
Open Access Article
40 - Extended Finite Element Method for Statics and Vibration Analyses on Cracked Bars and Beams
F Mottaghian A Darvizeh A Alijani -
Open Access Article
41 - Experimental Comparison of Financial Distress Prediction Models Using Imbalanced data sets
Seyed Behrooz Razavi Ghomi Alireza Mehrazin Mohammad Reza Shoorvarzi Abolghasem Masih Abadi -
Open Access Article
42 - ارزیابی و مقایسه بارش ماهانه محصولات ERA-Interim،PERSIANN-CDR،PERSIANN-CCS و CRU در استان خوزستان
رضا کوچکی علی شهبازی خیرالله خادمیکمبود و توزیع نامناسب ایستگاههای بارانسنجی یکی از چالشهای پژوهشگران علوم هیدرولوژی و آب وهوا شناسی است. در این پژوهش قابلیت بهکارگیری چهار محصول بارش شبکهبندی شده PERSIANN-CDR، PERSIANN-CCS،ERA-Interimو CRU بهعنوان مکمل یا جایگزین دادههای زمینی در مقیاس ماهانه Moreکمبود و توزیع نامناسب ایستگاههای بارانسنجی یکی از چالشهای پژوهشگران علوم هیدرولوژی و آب وهوا شناسی است. در این پژوهش قابلیت بهکارگیری چهار محصول بارش شبکهبندی شده PERSIANN-CDR، PERSIANN-CCS،ERA-Interimو CRU بهعنوان مکمل یا جایگزین دادههای زمینی در مقیاس ماهانه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. این ارزیابی از طریق مقایسه با دادههای مشاهداتی و روشهای آماری صورت پذیرفت. بهمنظور بررسی توانایی برآورد بارش این چهار محصول از آمارههای ضریب همبستگی پیرسون (CORR)، اریبی (BIAS)، قدر مطلق خطا (MAE)، مجذور میانگین مربعات خطا (RMSE)، مجذور میانگین مربعات خطای نرمال شده (NRMSE)و ضریب کارایی مدل (EF)استفاده شد. این نمایههای آماری بهصورت پهنهای و در قالب نقشه برای سطح استان استخراج شد. مشاهده شدPERSIANN-CCSدر سطح استان در تخمین بارش ناموفق بود و از قابلیت اطمینان ضعیفی برخوردار میباشددرحالیکه محصولات ERA-Interim،PERSIANN-CDRو CRUهمخوانی مناسبی با دادههای مشاهداتی دارند و روند بارش ماهانه با خطای کمی برآوردمیکنند. در برخی نقاط استان بارش PERSIANN-CDR از قابلیت اطمینان بسیار بالایی برخوردار بود اما درمجموع کمترین دامنه خطا و بیشترین قابلیت اعتماد از بین 3 محصول ماهوارهای یادشده برای بارش ERA-Interimبه دست آمد و در صورت نقصان و نبود منابع دادهای زمینی میتواندبهعنوان یک منبع دادهای جایگزین و کمکی بکار گرفته شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Prioritizing Condition Monitoring Strategies for Increasing Equipment’s Availability Using an Integrated Approach of AHP-QFD (Case Study: Esfahan Steel Company)
Arash Shahin Hadi Balouei Jamkhaneh Pezhman SoleymanpoorNowadays management of physical assets is considered as one of the important fields of science and technology. Reduction of undesirable random failures and repairs is one of the most important objectives of those who utilize advanced types of equipment and machinery. Me MoreNowadays management of physical assets is considered as one of the important fields of science and technology. Reduction of undesirable random failures and repairs is one of the most important objectives of those who utilize advanced types of equipment and machinery. Meanwhile, Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) has been recognized as an effective solution for the problems of technical, economic and strategic management of machinery and types of equipment. In this study, besides explaining the basics of this condition monitoring (CM) and existing standards, The influencing trend of CM process parameters on "increased equipment availability" have been studied in Isfahan Steel Company and, CM strategies have been prioritized using an integrated approach of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Quality Function Deployment (QFD) towards improvement of equipment availability. Data related to house of quality is also via Likert questionnaire, have been collected between managers and experts of THE Maintenance department in the Isfahan Steel Company. The findings indicate that strategies of frequency analysis and overall vibration level with a total weight of 0.2810 and strategies of magnetic keys and filters with a total weight of 0.1026 have the most influence on increasing the availability of the equipment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Accuracy assessment of Ro 3rd order and CUSP dissipation schemes to analyze transonic flow around pitching airfoil using structured spring network
Ali HeydariIn this article, the unsteady transonic flow analysis with moving boundary is considered to compare dissipation schemes consist of: SCDS scheme, Ro 3rd order and CUSP methods. So that the unsteady, two-dimensional, non-viscous, compressible flow around an oscillating ai MoreIn this article, the unsteady transonic flow analysis with moving boundary is considered to compare dissipation schemes consist of: SCDS scheme, Ro 3rd order and CUSP methods. So that the unsteady, two-dimensional, non-viscous, compressible flow around an oscillating airfoil is investigated by solving Euler equations with adaptive grid network. To enhance the ability of moving grid network and prevent interference grids, linear springs are used in tangential and normal direction to the surface. Also the difference between the upwind (Ro) and the central difference CUSP dissipation scheme analysis is studied. The main problem, which occurs to the solution of equations as a result of the phenomenon of shock in central differences, is instability and non-continuity in the solution because of the lack of shock information. To solve the problem the artificial dissipation is used. In this way, the oscillating airfoil motion, the adaptive network and artificial dissipation are modeled. For validation, results are compared with experimental data. Finally, the numerical accuracy is checked. The results show that the of solving the CUSP scheme at the airfoil trailing edge and the shock capturing leads to better accuracy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Sock behavior study in flow around pitching airfoil in transonic regime
Ali HeydariIn this study, solution of unsteady flows with moving boundaries is considered. So that two dimensional inviscid unsteady and incompressible flow around an oscillating airfoil is investigated by solving Euler equation using structured adaptive grid network. An adaptive MoreIn this study, solution of unsteady flows with moving boundaries is considered. So that two dimensional inviscid unsteady and incompressible flow around an oscillating airfoil is investigated by solving Euler equation using structured adaptive grid network. An adaptive grid is produced using linear spring network, which can be attached to the surface of the object and modeled moving surface. The work initially focused on production of adaptive spring grid network and different state of adaptive grid production is investigated. After investigations of mesh and time step independency, the results are compare with experiments. Also, to show the advantages of structured adaptive grid network, the results are compared with unstructured adaptive grid network. The results show that use of adaptive structured network leads to increasing the speed of solution while maintaining the accuracy. Also it can be seen that in pitching airfoil, the shock behavior depends on the direction of movement, instant angle and mean angle of oscillation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Improvement of adaptive neuro-fuzzy controller using by fuzzy clustering means algorithm for control of vehicle suspension system
Gholamreza Bamimohamadi Mehdi SalehiSuspension system is an important part of vehicle whose main role is to separate the vehicle body from road induced vibrations. Design and control of a suspension system that can adapt to different road conditions with high flexibility is essential. In this study, data MoreSuspension system is an important part of vehicle whose main role is to separate the vehicle body from road induced vibrations. Design and control of a suspension system that can adapt to different road conditions with high flexibility is essential. In this study, data were collected from three types of road conditions with different roughness coefficients in various forward speeds for training a suspension model. Primarily, dynamic equations were derived for a linear full model suspension system. Then, with the use of fuzzy system simulation data, two adaptive neuro-fuzzy controllers namely Grid Partitioning and Fuzzy Clustering were trained. Finally, four methods were evaluated and the results showed that decrease in linear deflection and acceleration of vehicle body is higher in adaptive neuro-fuzzy controller by Subtractive Clustering compared to other systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Optimum Technical Design of a Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System Solar Power Plant in Iran (Case study: Qazvin city)
Pedram Ahadi Farbod Fakhrabadi Alireza Pourshaghaghi Farshad KowsariThe purpose of this research is to determine the amount of equipment used in the design of the photovoltaic solar power plant with a capacity of 200 kW. In this research conducted by PVsyst software, 500 w MonoTrina solar panel with 400 pieces, 25kw Growatt MID KTL3-X i MoreThe purpose of this research is to determine the amount of equipment used in the design of the photovoltaic solar power plant with a capacity of 200 kW. In this research conducted by PVsyst software, 500 w MonoTrina solar panel with 400 pieces, 25kw Growatt MID KTL3-X inverter with 8 pieces, which are arranged in 40 rows and 10 panels in each row. The optimal panel installation angle was 35 Degree °and the optimal azimuth angle was 0 Degree (case study: Qazvin city). According to the considered space and the designs made, including the percentage of permissible losses in cable calculations, the length and cross-sectional area of the DC side cable made of copper and aluminum are 800 meters, 16 and 25 mm square respectively, the length and cross-sectional area . AC side cable made of copper and aluminum is determined to be 100 meters, 16 and 25 mm square, respectively. The amount of total annual production energy of the desired point was determined by considering the losses, which was about 337.1 megawatt hours per year. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - A Risk-Averse Energy Management in Micro-grids on Information Gap Decision Theory Using the Genetic Algorithm
Abdolreza Sadighmanesh sarang ezazi -
Open Access Article
49 - The Design of a New Double Loop Controller For Simultaneous Adjustment of Input and Output Voltages of Single-Phase Grid-Connected Inverter
Parisa Alipour Mehdi Salimi -
Open Access Article
50 - Modified Harmony Search Algorithm Based Unit
اویس عابدینیا علی قاسمی نورالدین قدیمی -
Open Access Article
51 - Controller Design for Controlling the Inverter Grid in Island Mode
Mehran Ansarin Maryam Torabi Torabi -
Open Access Article
52 - Analyzing the Impact of the Physical Form of Neighborhoods on Walkability
Maryam Mohamadi Mahsa Mostafaei -
Open Access Article
53 - A Fuzzy Fault Tolerant Controller Design Based on Virtual Sensor for a DC Microgrid
Alireza Galavizh Amir Hossein Hassanabadi -
Open Access Article
54 - Weighted-HR: an Improved Hierarchical Grid Resource Discovery
Mohammad mehdi Gilanian sadeghi Mahdi MollaMotalebi -
Open Access Article
55 - Providing a Technique Based on Tree and Super-Peer Structures for Resource Discovery in Grid Environment
Behnam Norouzi Mahdi MollaMotalebi -
Open Access Article
56 - Weighted-HR: An Improved Hierarchical Grid Resource Discovery
Mahdi Mollamotalebi Mohammad Mehdi Gilanian Sadeghi -
Open Access Article
57 - A New Fuzzy controller for Damping of Sub Synchronous Resonance (SSR) in the modified IEEE First Bench Mark
Yaser Bostani saeid jalilzadeh -
Open Access Article
58 - Optimal fault-location in smart grids with bfa and ts algorithms with the approach of reducing losses and network costs
Mahmoud Zadehbagheri Mohammadjavad Kiani -
Open Access Article
59 - Multi-objective and Scalable Heuristic Algorithm for Workflow Task Scheduling in Utility Grids
Vahid Kahejvand Hossein Pedram Mostafa Zandieh -
Open Access Article
60 - Evaluation of Seismic Performance of Combined Horizontal and Vertical Hexagrid Structural System for High-rise Buildings
Yasaman Memarzadeh Kiani Maryam Firoozi Nezamabadi -
Open Access Article
61 - A Comparative Study on Seismic Performance of Hexagrid, Diagrid and Tubular Structural Systems
Saeed Kia Darbandsari Maryam Firoozi NezamAbadi -
Open Access Article
62 - Regression Analysis Using Core Vector Machine Technique Based on Kernel Function Optimization
Babak Afshin Mohammad Ebrahim Shiri Kamran Layeghi Hamid HajSeyyedJavadiCore vector regression (CVR) is an extension of the core vector machine algorithm for regression estimation by generalizing the minimum bounding ball (MEB) problem. As an estimator, both the kernel function and its parameters can significantly affect the prediction prec MoreCore vector regression (CVR) is an extension of the core vector machine algorithm for regression estimation by generalizing the minimum bounding ball (MEB) problem. As an estimator, both the kernel function and its parameters can significantly affect the prediction precision of CVR. In this paper, a method to improve CVR performance using pre-processing based on data feature extraction and Grid algorithm is proposed to obtain appropriate parameters values of the main formulation and its kernel function. The CVR estimated mean absolute error rate here is the evaluation criterion of the proposed method that should be minimized. In addition, some benchmark datasets out of different databases were used to evaluate the proposed parameter optimization approach. The obtained numerical results show that the proposed method can reduce the CVR error with an acceptable time and space complexity. Therefore, it is able to deal with very large data and real world regression problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Demand Side Management in a Smart Micro-Grid in the Presence of Renewable Generation and Demand Response
gholamreza aghajani Davar Mirabbasi Behrooz Alfi Hadi Seyyed HatamiIn this study, a stochastic programming model is proposed to optimize the performance of a smart micro-grid in a short term to minimize operating costs and emissions with renewable sources. In order to achieve an accurate model, the use of a probability density function MoreIn this study, a stochastic programming model is proposed to optimize the performance of a smart micro-grid in a short term to minimize operating costs and emissions with renewable sources. In order to achieve an accurate model, the use of a probability density function to predict the wind speed and solar irradiance is proposed. On the other hand, in order to resolve the power produced from the wind and the solar renewable uncertainty of sources, the use of demand response programs with the participation of residential, commercial and industrial consumers is proposed. In this paper, we recommend the use of incentive-based payments as price offer packages in order to implement demand response programs. Results of the simulation are considered in three different cases for the optimization of operational costs and emissions with/without the involvement of demand response. The multi-objective particle swarm optimization method is utilized to solve this problem. In order to validate the proposed model, it is employed on a sample smart micro-grid, and the obtained numerical results clearly indicate the impact of demand side management on reducing the effect of uncertainty induced by the predicted power generation using wind turbines and solar cells. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Design and Implementation of an Optimal PV Refrigeration System in the Smart Grid Considering Multi-objective Optimization
Rasool Javizadegan Mehdi MahdavianToday, optimization in power systems is an unavoidable necessity. Energy intensity reduction in electrical devices and enhancement of their efficiency and performance, electricity loss reduction and voltage profile improvement of the power grid are some instances of opt MoreToday, optimization in power systems is an unavoidable necessity. Energy intensity reduction in electrical devices and enhancement of their efficiency and performance, electricity loss reduction and voltage profile improvement of the power grid are some instances of optimization usage in power systems. Refrigerated systems, such as refrigerators, can, in addition to exploiting PV systems in a power grid, be part of the supply and demand of electrical energy, so that they store energy as energy and, in the necessary conditions, allow Energy to injecting into the power grid by a photovoltaic system. In this paper, the design and construction of a photovoltaic refrigeration system connected to the network and its optimal performance is discussed. The objective cost and refrigerating temperature functions are considered as two main goals and the final answer is chosen by using the non-dominated sorting genetic optimization algorithm and then using the weighted sum model method. The simulation results with MATLAB software as well as the results of implementing the proposed system's hardware system in the project verify both the performance and the optimal performance of the proposed system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - A Novel Approach for Earthing System Design Using Finite Element Method
Sajad Samadinasab Farhad Namdari Mohammad BakhshipoorProtection of equipment, safety of persons and continuity of power supply are the main objectives of the grounding system. For its accurate design, it is essential to determine the potential distribution on the earth surface and the equivalent resistance of the system. MoreProtection of equipment, safety of persons and continuity of power supply are the main objectives of the grounding system. For its accurate design, it is essential to determine the potential distribution on the earth surface and the equivalent resistance of the system. The knowledge of such parameters allows checking the security offered by the grounding system when there is a failure in the power systems. A new method to design an earthing systems using Finite Element Method (FEM) is presented in this article. In this approach, the influence of the moisture and temperature on the behavior of soil resistivity are considered in EARTHING system DESIGN. The earthing system is considered to be a rod electrode and a plate type electrode buried vertically in the ground. The resistance of the system which is a very important factor in the design process is calculated using FEM. FEM is used to estimate the solution of the partial differential equation that governs the system behavior. COMSOL Multiphysics 4.4 which is one of the packages that work with the FEM is used as a tool in this design. Finally the values of the resistance obtained by COMSOL Multiphysics are compared with the proven analytical formula values for the ground resistance, in order to prove the work done with COMSOL Multiphysics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Improving Performance of Total Harmonic Distortion Based Fault Detection Scheme for Inverter Interfaced Islanded Microgrids
Iman SadeghkhaniGlobal warming and environmental concerns have led to increasing penetration of converter interfaced renewable energy resources. One of the main challenges of inverter interfaced islanded microgrids is the fault detection. This paper investigates the performance of tota MoreGlobal warming and environmental concerns have led to increasing penetration of converter interfaced renewable energy resources. One of the main challenges of inverter interfaced islanded microgrids is the fault detection. This paper investigates the performance of total harmonic distortion (THD) based fault detection scheme when various inverter topologies, main current limiting strategies, and different reference frame are employed. Then, based on this analysis, the performance of THD based fault detection scheme is improved using the instantaneous saturation limit and independent control capability in the natural reference frame. The proposed scheme does not mal-operate in the presence of non-linear loads and can distinguish fault condition from load change. Also, using the auxiliary control system, the proposed fault detection scheme is capable of detecting single line to ground fault in three wire system when synchronous/stationary reference frame is employed. Various time-domain simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in the case of symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Optimal Control of Micro-grid (MG) to Improve Voltage Profile Including Combined Heat and Power System
Hesam RahbarimaghamUsually, in the studies of optimal control for the micro-grid with combined heat and power (CHP), economic and environmental goals have been raised. In these studies, the optimization of control devices and compensators that are aimed at improving the technical aspects MoreUsually, in the studies of optimal control for the micro-grid with combined heat and power (CHP), economic and environmental goals have been raised. In these studies, the optimization of control devices and compensators that are aimed at improving the technical aspects of micro-grid has not been considered. Therefore, in this paper, these goals are considered simultaneously. In this paper the shunt capacitor, shunt reactor, static var compensator, load ratio control transformer, step voltage regulator and power generation of DGs are investigated as control variables with the aim of considering costs, losses and voltage profile improvement. The case under study is a distribution test system including 22 buses, which consists of photovoltaic and fuel cell. All network data is extracted from a real system. As a result, the system can completely represent a real system. In order to complete the study of the system, the emissions of fuel cells are considered in the objective function. The efficiency and output electrical and thermal power of the fuel cell are considered related to part load ratio as a real standard model introduced in previous studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Optimal Design of Residential Microgrids with Regard to Fault Occurrence and Possibility of Power Outage
Mehrdad Movahedpour Sirus Mohammadi Mohammadjavad Kiani Taher Niknam Mahmoud ZadehbagheriOne of the issues which has attracted a lot of attention in the power grid in recent years is the emergence of microgrids. An optimized microgrid design includes choosing the best combination of the available options (distributed generation units, energy storage systems MoreOne of the issues which has attracted a lot of attention in the power grid in recent years is the emergence of microgrids. An optimized microgrid design includes choosing the best combination of the available options (distributed generation units, energy storage systems, and load response programs) to supply the microgrid so that the total costs of the microgrid development plan is minimized. In this article, a comprehensive modeling has been conducted for the problem of optimal design of residential microgrids considering the renewable distributed generation units, energy storage systems and controllable loads. This model takes into account the intrinsic stochastic behavior of renewable energy and the uncertainty involving electric load prediction, and thus proper stochastic models for them has been chosen. In order to find the optimal solution, the problem of microgrid design is modeled as an optimization problem with the goal of minimizing the total costs of the microgrid development plan and the optimal response is determined via ant colony optimization algorithm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Determination of Optimal Battery Capacity in Economic Operation of Micro Grid by Cuckoo Search Algorithm
Sana Ansari Sirus MohammadiThe current demand in the power system has led to increased usage of the Distributed Generation (DG) and renewable resources. The renewable resources can efficiently supply the loads in the micro grids. The output power generation of renewable energy resources is unpred MoreThe current demand in the power system has led to increased usage of the Distributed Generation (DG) and renewable resources. The renewable resources can efficiently supply the loads in the micro grids. The output power generation of renewable energy resources is unpredictable. Hence, in this paper the optimal generation dispatch of the DGs in micro grids in both grid-connected and islanded modes is determined. Since the operation of the micro grid in presence of DGs and various constraints is a complicated optimization problem, in this paper a meta-heuristic Cuckoo search (CS) algorithm with high convergence speed is used. In order to reduce the uncertainty of the output power of photovoltaic system the energy storage system is implemented and the optimal capacity of the storage is determined based on operation conditions. The proposed algorithm for determining the optimal capacity of the battery in a sample micro grid is applied. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed method for determining the optimal dispatch of the DGs and capacity of the energy storage system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Coordinated Protection Scheme Based on Virtual Impedance Control for Loop-Based Microgrids
Hamed Karimi Bahador Fani Ghazanfar ShahgholianThe presence of the inverter distributed generations in the power systems can bring about incoordination in the protection system performance while enjoying various advantages. In this paper, a suitable solution, independent of relay settings, is presented in order to s MoreThe presence of the inverter distributed generations in the power systems can bring about incoordination in the protection system performance while enjoying various advantages. In this paper, a suitable solution, independent of relay settings, is presented in order to solve the protection problems of inverter island microgrids with circular arrangement. The presence of distributed inverter generation sources causes a change in the direction and amplitude of the fault current at the microgrid level. This problem is more visible in microgrids with circular arrangement. Therefore, conventional protection schemes that consider a single path and a high fault current level compared to load current may be problematic. An important factor for the proper design of a protective system for microgrids is the contribution of the injecting fault current of the inverter sources. In this paper, a protection strategy based on the inverter control of sources is presented and ordinary overcurrent relays with the same characteristic curve are used. When a short circuit fault occurs in the microgrid, an adaptive current limiting strategy is applied using the virtual impedance loop. In this case, the share of fault current of each source is controlled according to the position of the fault, and sources closer to the fault produce a larger fault current. Therefore, the current passing through the protective equipment is closer to the fault than other equipment in the micro grid. And without the need for making connection between protective equipment, the protective coordination is guaranteed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Provide a Novel Two-Step Approach for Self-Healing Restoration of Smart Distribution Network
Hasan Keshavarz Ziarani Seyed Hossein Hosseinian Ahmad FakharianSelf-Healing is the most essential feature for smart distribution network Restoration when a fault occurs. Islanding of the fault zone can be done both offline and online. Using the online islanding method to restoration the service in the fault zone, the boundary of is MoreSelf-Healing is the most essential feature for smart distribution network Restoration when a fault occurs. Islanding of the fault zone can be done both offline and online. Using the online islanding method to restoration the service in the fault zone, the boundary of islanding micro-grids and the number of islands can be determined optimally during the fault. In this study, a novel two-step mathematical method for self-healing restoration after the fault is presented. In the first layer, the optimal arrangement of the system in the faulty area is determined by a new mathematical model. In the first layer, the boundary of island-operating MGs is determined after the fault, which leads to decreasing load shedding and operation costs of the distribution system. Then, in the second layer, the unit commitment problem in the smart distribution system is solved. The load shedding or outage, non-dispatchable distributed generation (DG) resources rescheduling, and optimal planning energy storage systems (ESSs) are determined. Low execution time and the optimal solution are the most essential advantages of the pro­po­s­ed scheme. Tools such as smart load shedding and demand response Programs (DRP) have also been used for optimal system restoration. The IEEE 33-bus distribution system is used to validate the prop­osed method. The results of case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - An efficient cloud based architecture to improve smart grid performance
Mohammad Rasoul Momeni Fatemeh Haghighat Mohsen HaghighatDue to explosive growth of users, increasing energy demand and also the need to improve efficiency and maintain the stability of the electricity grid, smart grid is the only option available to electrical industry engineers. In fact, the smart grid is a physical-cyber s MoreDue to explosive growth of users, increasing energy demand and also the need to improve efficiency and maintain the stability of the electricity grid, smart grid is the only option available to electrical industry engineers. In fact, the smart grid is a physical-cyber system that provides coherent and integrated communication, processing and control functions. The smart grid provides control and management of millions of devices in the electricity industry in a reliable, scalable, cost-effective, real time and two-sided manner. Given the increasing growth of cyber threats in the last decade, the need to protect the electricity industry and its critical systems seems essential. The slightest disruption to the power industry's systems results in disruption to other industries, reduced productivity, and discontent. Hence we proposed an efficient cloud based architecture to improve smart grid performance. Proposed architecture provides data security and privacy against different types of cyber-attacks such as replay attack, modification attack and so on. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Bi-Level Energy Management Optimization in Multi-Area Smart Grids
Mohammad Ali Hormozi Bahman Bahmani Firoozi Taher NiknamOptimal energy management in multi area smart grids will increase social welfare, reduce economic costs and environmental pollution. Power management solutions for smart grids include issues such as economical distribution of load, suitable load management, optimized ch MoreOptimal energy management in multi area smart grids will increase social welfare, reduce economic costs and environmental pollution. Power management solutions for smart grids include issues such as economical distribution of load, suitable load management, optimized charging and discharging of energy storages, and the availability of renewable resources considering limitation of power exchange in different area, all of which are issues in an intelligent grid, that in this paper has been considered. This paper presents a bi-level mixed integer quadratic programming (MIQP) model for energy management in multi-are smart grids with the aim of reducing economic costs and environmental pollution and increasing social welfare by considering energy storage systems, load management and Renewable resources are presented. In this paper presents a bi-level approach that the upper level is formulated to minimization economic cost and pollution of resource and lower level is presented to maximization social welfare in the form of Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) conditions. The simulation is implemented in MATLAB with Gurobi solver that the results show that the proposed bi-level model is also an efficient way to optimize energy in multi-area smart grids compared to Pareto front and Weight methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Techno-Economic and Environmental Base Approach for Optimal Energy Management of Microgrids Using Crow Search Algorithm
Sajad Gorji Saeed Zamanian Majid MoazzamiBy incremental deployment of renewable energy sources on microgrid frameworks, new technical and economic issues have emerged in the power system industry. The optimal operation of microgrids in the presence of intermittent renewable sources has been counted as a new ch MoreBy incremental deployment of renewable energy sources on microgrid frameworks, new technical and economic issues have emerged in the power system industry. The optimal operation of microgrids in the presence of intermittent renewable sources has been counted as a new challenge within the last decade. Microgrids are off-grid or grid-connected power systems on a very small scale encompassing different types of distributed generation sources and local loads. Generally, in isolated microgrids, the demanded energy of consumers is maintained by hybrid models of internal energy sources. The principal purpose of hybrid systems is to supply the electrical power demanded by consumers instantaneously as well as storing surplus energy for critical conditions. In this paper, a techno-economic and environmental base approach for optimal energy management of microgrids using crow search algorithm is presented. Under study microgrid include renewable energy resources, battery and diesel generator as backup power generator. Annual cost and the released emission are considered as the objective function of the proposed method. The crow search algorithm calculates power dispatch scheduling among generation units. Simulation results of the proposed method show the appropriate configuration of the hybrid system that lead to decrease the annual cost of the system and the released emission. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Inverter-based microgrid dynamic stability analysis considering inventory of dynamic and static load models
Saeid Zamanian Sajad Sadi Reza Ghaffarpour Aram MahdavianThe proper and sustainable performance of any electrical system is mainly related to the designers' insight into the nature of that system. Therefore, the need to provide an accurate model based on the actual behavior of the system has considerable importance. In the ca MoreThe proper and sustainable performance of any electrical system is mainly related to the designers' insight into the nature of that system. Therefore, the need to provide an accurate model based on the actual behavior of the system has considerable importance. In the case of inverter-based microgrid, due to the lack of sufficient synchronizing torque, the design process must be carried out with the utmost precision. In this paper, the stability of the inverter-based microgrid will be studied. First by presenting the equations of the microgrid components its state-space model is obtained and in the presence of the static load model the stability of the system will be investigated. Then, by placing the inventory of dynamic exponential recovery and static polynomial load models, the results of the static model-based design are investigated. In this study, the measure of system stability will be eigenvalue plots and system performance. In order to achieve system stability and performance improvement, the state variables participation factors extracted and the effective parameters will be studied Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Management and Control of Microgrid Connected to a Three-Phase Network with the Approach of Activating Current Limitation Under Unbalanced Errors Using the Fuzzy Intelligent Method with the Presence of Battery, wind, Photovoltaic and Diesel Sources
Mostafa Abbasi Mehdi Nafar Mohsen SimabToday, the use of distributed generation resources connected to the network has remarkable growth therefore network-connected to the converters must be able to provide services beyond the injection of power into network, including maintaining network stability. In this MoreToday, the use of distributed generation resources connected to the network has remarkable growth therefore network-connected to the converters must be able to provide services beyond the injection of power into network, including maintaining network stability. In this paper the control and management of energy for battery wind, photovoltaic and diesel connected to a three-phase network by activating the current limitation under unbalanced fault has been introduced. In this method injected currents are limited to a certain amount along the faults Also, the operation mode without tracking the maximum power point for the converter is included. This state is activated during severe faults, when the converter cannot control Maximum power of the system. Therefore, in a microgrid with, the operation of a fuzzy logic-based controller the transformation operation of DC to DC converter control is performed sparsely by two-way battery and distributed generation resources management. Also proportional resonance controller is used due to its proper performance. In fact, with the use of reference current generation, sinusoidal current with a total harmonic distortion (THD) value of less than 5% is injected. The results show that the control strategy along with energy management with multiple energy generation resources is able to limit and maintain DC link voltage within an acceptable range in addition to The existence of an asymmetric fault. Therefore, the fault crossing operation has been performed correctly without the operation of the protection relays and secondly in comparison with microgridsolely with the presence of one photovoltaic production source the process of injecting active and reactive power in the upstream network is more appropriate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Demand Response Programs Modeling in Multiple Energy and Structure Management in Microgrids Equipped by Combined Heat and Power Generation
Majid Zare Seyed Amin Saeed Hamidreza AkbariEnergy management in microgrids is done with different goals such as reducing operation costs. In this approach, the microgrid operator tries to manage energy in order to supply the energy required by consumers at the lowest possible cost, by determining the amount of e MoreEnergy management in microgrids is done with different goals such as reducing operation costs. In this approach, the microgrid operator tries to manage energy in order to supply the energy required by consumers at the lowest possible cost, by determining the amount of energy generation by each of the available energy sources. These resources can generate electrical, thermal or combined energy. In this paper, energy and structure management in microgrids have been done with objectives such as reducing operation costs, reducing environmental pollution and improving technical indices such as reducing real power losses. For this purpose, it has been used from options such as demand response programs, storage devices, distributed generation resources such as combined heat and power generators, renewable sources such as wind and photovoltaic units and feeder reconfiguration. In this paper, the genetic algorithm, which is one of the most valid meta-heuristic algorithms, is used to solve the optimization problem. Numerical results show the efficiency of the proposed model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - High-Reliability Electric Power Generation System for Aircraft Based on Generators Smart Droop Control Method
Amir KhaledianAdvances in power electronic applications, high reliability power distribution systems and flight control propulsion technologies, have increased the utilization of electric power in modern aircrafts. This has led to the concept of more electric aircraft. In this paper, MoreAdvances in power electronic applications, high reliability power distribution systems and flight control propulsion technologies, have increased the utilization of electric power in modern aircrafts. This has led to the concept of more electric aircraft. In this paper, a new structure is proposed to generate the electric power in aircraft. The aircraft power generation and consumption system is modeled as a microgrid. The proposed more-reliable power generation system is based on induction generator, rectifier and voltage source inverter. Induction generator is coupled with turbojet motor. The smart active power sharing between generators is achieved by using improved droop control method. Optimal droop coefficients are assigned by combining mathematical approaches including descending gradient method and minimizing the mean squares of the frequency deviation. The aircraft electrical network is simulated with the proposed controller in MATLAB and its performance is analyzed. The simulation results show the proper power sharing between generators. The advantages of the proposed method over the conventional structure include the elimination of the mechanical constant speed drive which increase reliability and proper power sharing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Reactive Power Management in Low Voltage Distribution Networks Using Capability and Oversizing of PV Smart Inverters
Saeed Souri Hosein Mohammadnezhad Shourkaei Soudabeh Soleimani Seyed Babak MozafariSince integration of solar photovoltaic (PV) sources into the power grid is increasing rapidly in recent years, the capability of photovoltaic source inverters can be an opportunity to improve the technical and economic indicators via reactive power management in low vo MoreSince integration of solar photovoltaic (PV) sources into the power grid is increasing rapidly in recent years, the capability of photovoltaic source inverters can be an opportunity to improve the technical and economic indicators via reactive power management in low voltage distribution networks grids. This work proposes an optimal planning model to improve the voltage deviation index and increase the revenue sale electricity with the capability of PV inverters and fixed capacitors. In this regard, the optimal capacity of the PV inverter is determined simultaneously with the location and number of fixed capacitors to minimize investment (for PV inverter, fixed capacitor, operating cost) and maximize electricity sales revenue. For this purpose, an innovative model is presented that is able to calculate the annual technical-economic evaluation. To make the costs for investment, operation and maintenance of compensating devices more realistic, the lifespan and additional cost of inverter oversizing in the objective function are modelled. In this article, load flow equations along with technical constraints are integrated into a mixed-integer second-order conic programming model. Two real grids were simulated using MATLAB software in order to show the effectiveness of the proposed model. The comparison of the proposed RPM method with conventional methods confirmed considerable reduction of investment and energy losses in the low voltage distribution networks grids. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Harmonic Compensation and Micro-Grid Voltage and Frequency Control Based on Power Proportional Distribution with Adaptive Virtual Impedance Method
Monir Kamali Bahador Fani Ghazanfar Shahgholian Gevork B. Gharehpetian Masoud ShafieeDue to the different distances and complexity of micro-grids, the lines impedance varies between the feeders of the distributed generation and the loads. Therefore, conventional droop control method does not have good efficiency in power distribution between distributed MoreDue to the different distances and complexity of micro-grids, the lines impedance varies between the feeders of the distributed generation and the loads. Therefore, conventional droop control method does not have good efficiency in power distribution between distributed generation (DG) units. Generally, due to simplification, the impedance of the lines is not considered in a complex. The stated conditions greatly reduce the accuracy and speed of the dynamic response of the control system. In this paper, harmonic compensation, voltage and frequency control of micro-grid with adaptive virtual impedance method based on proportional power distribution are presented. In the proposed method, reducing the error coefficient of active power and reactive power, control of voltage and currents’ harmonic in two modes of connection to the main grid and islanded, as well as voltage and frequency control for optimal operation of the micro-grid is presented. The proposed method, without the need to update the impedance information of the feeders, has the capability of optimal operation and power distribution under different operating conditions, taking into account the complex impedance. To validate, the proposed method is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink software environment and the results are presented along with stability and sensitivity analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Operation of Micro-Grid for Provide Clean Energy Constrained to System Optimal Reliability
Hosein Hasan Shahi Mehdi Nafar Mohsen SimabIn this paper, the problem of micro-grid (MG) energy management in the presence of distributed generations (DGs) and active loads (ALs) considering operation, economic, pollution and reliability is presented. This scheme includes objective function that is minimized the MoreIn this paper, the problem of micro-grid (MG) energy management in the presence of distributed generations (DGs) and active loads (ALs) considering operation, economic, pollution and reliability is presented. This scheme includes objective function that is minimized the summation of expected operation cost of MG and DGs, expected pollution cost and outage cost in the N-1 contingency. This problem is constrained to AC power flow equations, MG operation and reliability limits, and operation formulation of DGs and ALs including the demand response program (DRP) and battery. Also, this paper uses the stochastic programming to model uncertainties of load, energy price, renewable DGs (RDGs) generation power and Availability of MG Equipment. Then, to achieve unique reliable optimal solution, it uses hybrid solver of ant-lion optimizer (ALO) and crow search algorithm (CSA). Finally, by implementing of the proposed strategy on a standard MG and obtain numerical results, the capability of the scheme in improving technical and economic indices of the MG along with procuring clean and reliable energy is confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - Two-Objective Participation of Energy Hubs and Distribution Networks in the Wholesale and Retail Energy Markets Based on Fuzzy Decision
Omid Kohansal Mahmoud Zadehbagheri Mohammadjavad Kiani Samad NejatianThis paper presents the optimal participation of distribution networks and energy hubs in the day-ahead wholesale and retail energy markets. The proposed scheme is a two-objective optimization model. In one objective function, it minimizes the energy cost of electricity MoreThis paper presents the optimal participation of distribution networks and energy hubs in the day-ahead wholesale and retail energy markets. The proposed scheme is a two-objective optimization model. In one objective function, it minimizes the energy cost of electricity, gas, and heating network as private distribution companies in the mentioned markets. In another objective function, it minimizes the energy cost (equal to the difference between selling and purchasing energy) of hubs in the retail market. This scheme is subject to optimal power flow formulation in the mentioned networks, and the operation model of sources and active loads in a hub format. Then, the Pareto optimization based on the weighted functions method according to the fuzzy decision is used to achieve the optimal compromise solution. Finally, by implementing the proposed scheme on a system test, the obtained simulation results confirm the capabilities of the scheme in improving the economy of energy hubs and the economic and operation situation of the mentioned networks. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - A Comprehensive Review on Data-Driven Techniques in Smart Power Grids
Khalegh Behrouz Dehkordi Homa Movahednejad Mahdi SharifiAs a promising vision toward obtaining high reliability and better energy management, nowadays power grid is transferring to the smart grid (SG). This process is changing continuously and needs advanced methods to process big data produced by different segments. Artific MoreAs a promising vision toward obtaining high reliability and better energy management, nowadays power grid is transferring to the smart grid (SG). This process is changing continuously and needs advanced methods to process big data produced by different segments. Artificial intelligence methods can offer data-driven services by extracting valuable information which is produced by meter devices and sensors in smart grids. To this end, machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), reinforcement learning (RL), and deep reinforcement learning (DRL) can be applied. These methods are able to process huge amounts of data and propose an appropriate solution to solve power industry complex problems. In this paper, the state-of-the-art approaches based on artificial intelligence used by smart power grids for applications and data sources are investigated. Also, the role of big data in smart power grids, and its features such life cycle, and efficient services such as forecast, predictive maintenance, and fault detection are discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Voltage Control and Network Losses Reduction with Intelligent Charge and Discharge Management of Electric Vehicle Batteries Based on Vehicle-To-Grid Technology
Amin NazarlooThe use of electric vehicles (EVs), to reduce greenhouse gases and air pollution caused by the fossil fuel consumption, seems to be an inevitable solution. The increased penetration of EVs imposes a large variable load to the grid. However, the battery of EVs in an aggr MoreThe use of electric vehicles (EVs), to reduce greenhouse gases and air pollution caused by the fossil fuel consumption, seems to be an inevitable solution. The increased penetration of EVs imposes a large variable load to the grid. However, the battery of EVs in an aggregator provides a large source of energy storage. Therefore, EVs depending on the charging or discharging modes can act as flexible loads or as flexible energy sources. Then, the proper coordination and control charging and discharging of EVs, using vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, not only can minimize the undesirable effects resulting from the increased penetration of EVs, but also can improve the voltage profile. In this paper, a new algorithm with variable-objective function is proposed to control variable quantities of generation and consump­tion. In the proposed method, the control of the point of common connection (PCC) voltage in a specific value of a determined permissible range, which depends on different operating conditions, can be considered as a variable-objective function. Moreover, there are constraints to state of charge (SOC) of electric vehicles (EVs) batteries and charging/discharging time. Other advantages of using the proposed method are the reduction of network losses in peak load hours and the establishment of an appropriate coordination between charging and discharging EVs. The simulations of the IEEE 14-Bus distribution system with V2G capabilities based on the proposed variable-objective function (VOF) algorithm are implemented for both charging and discharging modes using MATLAB/PSAT software and tested for the various scenarios. Finally, the results of the proposed method are compared with the traditional method and the merit of that is proved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Optimal Operation of Electric Vehicle Charging Station Based on 100% Renewable Energy for Supplying Cryptocurrency Mining Farm and Critical Loads in Off-Grid and Grid-Tied States
Reza HemmatiThis research proposes a novel method for utilizing renewable energies in electric vehicle charging stations. In the proposed method, the required energy for charging the electric vehicles, the needed energy for supplying the cryptocurrency mining farm as well as the en MoreThis research proposes a novel method for utilizing renewable energies in electric vehicle charging stations. In the proposed method, the required energy for charging the electric vehicles, the needed energy for supplying the cryptocurrency mining farm as well as the energy for supplying the critical loads of the upstream grid are afforded by 100% renewable resources, and the electric vehicle parking station (i.e., charging station) receives no energy from the utility grid. In this model, the uncertainty of renewable energies and the mismatch between generation and demand are resolved by optimal charging-discharging of electric vehicles. While the utility grid is available, the electric vehicles are fully charged, the cryptocurrency mining farm continues operation at full capacity, and excess renewable energy is sent to the upstream grid to supply the critical loads. The critical loads are supplied from two directions of the grid and parking station. During an outage or blackout of the utility grid, the critical loads are fully supplied by an electric vehicle parking station. In this situation, the cryptocurrency miners are modeled as a responsive load. In the off-grid operation, the proposed planning manages the energy of cryptocurrency miners as well as the charging-discharging pattern of electric vehicles for reaching two objectives of fully charging all the electric vehicles and fully supplying the critical loads. If there is any surplus of energy, it is used to run the cryptocurrency miners. In the proposed model, since no energy is received from the utility grid, the issues related to cryptocurrency mining are inconsequential. The objective function of the proposed method is to minimize the number of discharge cycles on electric vehicles to avoid battery degradation. The problem is formulated as mixed integer linear programming and solved by GAMS software. The wind and solar energy uncertainty are incorporated in the model and an optimal charging-discharging pattern is designed for electric vehicles to confirm feasible operation under all energy variations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Frequency Control in Multi-Carrier Microgrids with the Presence of Electric Vehicles Based on Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System Controller
Seyed Ali Seyed Beheshti Fini Seyed Mohammad Shariatmadar Vahid AmirNowadays, the use of renewable resources has increased because of fossil fuel price growth, resource shortage, and environmental pollution. This study investigates a microgrid composed of wind and solar systems with battery storage sources and flywheel, diesel generator MoreNowadays, the use of renewable resources has increased because of fossil fuel price growth, resource shortage, and environmental pollution. This study investigates a microgrid composed of wind and solar systems with battery storage sources and flywheel, diesel generator, and multi-carrier energy systems (MCH) as combined electricity and heat (CHP). The microgrid frequency is controlled based on the gas network and its consumption peak. In a multi-carrier network, the load distribution in the gas network is simultaneously considered with the electric charge distribution. Besides, the frequency is controlled nonlinearly. On the other hand, the growing trend of producing and using electric vehicles has generated new loads on the electricity network. In this regard, if these loads are not properly managed to charge them, the network’s frequency deviations will increase and cause the collapse of the electricity network.Therefore, electric vehicles (V2G) are considered in microgrid frequency tuning operations through ANFIS adaptive fuzzy control method. In order to compare the proposed method in the simulations, a fuzzy controller is used. The results of the simulations are examined in five studies that express the optimal performance of the proposed method in reducing frequency deviations, strength against disturbances and resistance Uncertainties in the system. The proposed method also has a more stable output power in microgrid production resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Coordination of Protection Equipment in Synchronous Generator-Based Microgrids with Regard to Maintaining First Swing Stability
Hassan Fayazi Majid Moazzami Bahador Fani Ghazanfar ShahgholianWith the addition of distributed generation resources to the structure of distribution networks, at the time of the fault, the amount and direction of flow through the main and backup protections changes and disrupts the coordination between them. Synchronous generator- MoreWith the addition of distributed generation resources to the structure of distribution networks, at the time of the fault, the amount and direction of flow through the main and backup protections changes and disrupts the coordination between them. Synchronous generator-based sources, meanwhile, are more sensitive to error fixing times and their stability may be compromised. Since the troubleshooting time depends on the performance of the protection system, this paper proposes the most suitable protection combination for systems with synchronous generators by examining the types of combinations for protection elements (relay-relay, relay-recloser and recloser-fuse). Slowly On the other hand, this paper presents a solution by which, while maintaining the stability of the first oscillation of synchronous generators in the distribution network, the coordination between the main protection and the backup in the event of an error and in the presence of these sources can be maintained. There is no need to change or redesign the protection system in this solution. The proposed method, by activating the instantaneous characteristic along with the characteristic curve of the relay in the system, was able to establish coordination between the protections and transient stability of the synchronous generators in the distribution system for a penetration coefficient of 0 to 100%. The results of the implementation of the proposed method on the standard 33-bus IEEE test system in the ETAP software environment confirm its capability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - A Decentralized Framework to Improve Resilience in Microgrids Based on Peer to Peer Transactions, Considering Independence and Privacy
Mohammad Doostizadeh Hassan Jalili Abbas BabaeiSevere events such as floods, earthquakes and hurricanes cause disruption in the operation of distribution networks and lead to their islanding. In such cases, if the distribution networks have microgrids, these microgrids are able to separate from the main network and MoreSevere events such as floods, earthquakes and hurricanes cause disruption in the operation of distribution networks and lead to their islanding. In such cases, if the distribution networks have microgrids, these microgrids are able to separate from the main network and exchange energy with each other to reduce the operation and outage costs. Therefore, the energy management in a multi-microgrid network requires a decentralized operating framework to encourage microgrids to have transactions with each other by providing the necessary incentives. This paper developes a completely decentralized framework to improve the resilience of microgrids based on the organization of peer-to-peer energy transactions, taking into account the appropriate financial incentives for the participation of microgrids. The developed model protects the private data of each microgrid, such as load information and distributed generation resources, during market settlement. Using the developed decentralized model, microgrids can increase network resilience in the context of peer-to-peer energy exchanges, in addition to reducing their operating costs compared to the island mode. The proposed decentralized approach does not require a central controller and has a high convergence speed. Simulations are performed on a system with fourteen microgrids and the results are compared with the island approach to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The simulations are performed in MATLAB R2020b environment using YALMIP toolbox. CPLEX 12.9 is also used to solve the optimization problem. The results show the efficiency of the proposed method in increasing the resilience and reducing the operating costs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - A Decentralized Control Method Based on Virtual Frequency-Voltage Frame for Accurate Active and Reactive Powers Sharing in Microgrids
Nader Kazemi-Esfeh Mehdi BaharizadehIn the islanded operation mode of microgrids, active and reactive powers sharing among sources is required. In order to provide this and based on decentralized approach, droop characteristics are used. The conventional droop characteristics of active power-frequency (P- MoreIn the islanded operation mode of microgrids, active and reactive powers sharing among sources is required. In order to provide this and based on decentralized approach, droop characteristics are used. The conventional droop characteristics of active power-frequency (P-ω) and reactive power-voltage (Q-V) are based on the assumption of inductive output impedance of sources. Since the dominant inductive output impedances are not provided, especially in low voltage microgrids, the virtual frequency-voltage frame droop characteristics, which include active power-virtual frequency (P-ωʹ) and reactive power-virtual voltage (Q-Vʹ) droop characteristics have been considered by researchers. By employing these droops, local property of both the virtual frequency and the virtual voltage leads to active power sharing error as well as reactive power sharing error. In addition, required small intended variation range of both virtual frequency and virtual voltage, results in big power sharing errors. In order to eliminate active and reactive power sharing errors, a decentralized control method is proposed in this paper. In the proposed method, instead of virtual frequency and virtual voltage of their terminal, sources droop virtual frequency and virtual voltage of point of common coupling (PCC) in order to a common parameter becomes in charge of active power generation as well as a common parameter becomes responsible for reactive power generation. Accordingly, the power sharing errors are resolved. Realization method of these droop characteristics will be explained in details. In order to confirm the performance of the proposed control method, simulation results of a test microgrid in PSIM software are presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - A Three-Level Framework for Determining the Optimal Strategy of Microgrids to Participate in the Day-Ahead Competitive Market by Considering Electric Vehicles and Demand Response Programs
Abolfazl Bayatian Amir AhmarinejadIn this paper, a three-level scenario-based framework for determining the optimal strategy and planning of microgrids located in a 118-bus distribution system is presented. This paper considers the uncertai­nties of renewable energy resources, load demand, and the c MoreIn this paper, a three-level scenario-based framework for determining the optimal strategy and planning of microgrids located in a 118-bus distribution system is presented. This paper considers the uncertai­nties of renewable energy resources, load demand, and the charge / discharge schedule of electric vehicles. In order to increase planning flexibility, the operator will be able to change the flow through the distribution feeder reconfiguration. Also in the proposed model, customers will be able to reduce their costs by participating in a demand response program. In the first level of the proposed model, the bidding strategy of microgrids is determined. In the second level, the market clearing price is determined by the independent system operator and according to the submitted bids. Finally, in the third stage, the problem of final microgrid programming is solved by a participatory game theory method. The proposed model is solved by the CPLEX solver in GAMS software and the results show that the dynamic topology improves the planning flexibility and thus reduces the total operating cost by about 10%. The results also show that the coordination of electric vehicles with scheduling, the presence of storage systems and the implementation of the demand response program leads to a significant reduction in the level of market-clearing price and thus reduce operating costs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - An Enhanced Routing Algorithm in Smart IoT Networks with Mobile Nodes
Zakieh Sharifian Behrang Barekatain Alfonso Ariza Quinatna Zahra Beheshti Faramarz Safi-EsfahaniThe internet of things (IoT) faces various challenges due to its different characteristics and due to the nov­elty of related technologies and standards. The existence of these different and at the same time new problems has drawn the attention of many scientific re MoreThe internet of things (IoT) faces various challenges due to its different characteristics and due to the nov­elty of related technologies and standards. The existence of these different and at the same time new problems has drawn the attention of many scientific researchers toward this new technology. One of the most important and fundamental challenges is related to the topic of routing protocols in static and mobile networks, and more precisely, optimizing and improving the quality of service of it. In this work, a novel flexible, scalable, and efficient routing protocol named MLOADng-AT (mobile lightwe­ig­ht on-demand ad hoc distance vector routing protocol– analytic hierarchy process echnique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution) has been introduced to overcome the routing challenges in mobile scenarios. Using MLOADng-AT, firstly, taking advantage of the HELLO message, infor­mation about link quality parameters and mobility characteristics up to two hops is exchanged among static and mobile nodes. Moreover, it supports an error recovery path without rerunning a new routing process that noticeably decreases the network routing delay. MLOADng-AT can be easily adapted to any quality of service (QoS) parameter with very low complexity which is very important for a delay-sensitive IoT-based network. Finally, in case of noisy conditions especially for mobile networks, the proposed protocol can be efficiently used in low-quality links. Simulation results based on several scenarios depicted that end-to-end delay (EED) and packet delivery ratio (PDR) parameters significantly improved in the proposed method compared to other similar methods. For the area with dimensions of 400 x 200 m2, the obtained values of the EED and PDR parameters are respectively 0.0011 seconds and 98.47%, and also for the scenarios implemented in the area of 800 x 400 m2, the achieved results of the EED and PDR parameters are respectively 0.0059 seconds and 86.167%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Analysis of Hybrid Reference Frame Limiting Strategy Performance in the Presence of Secondary Control of Inverter Based Islanded Microgrids
Iman SadeghkhaniWith increasing the capacity and number of distributed energy resources (DERs), it is necessary to keep them connected to the microgrid during the disturbances. Two of the most important measures for satisfying this requirement are to provide the high quality voltage fo MoreWith increasing the capacity and number of distributed energy resources (DERs), it is necessary to keep them connected to the microgrid during the disturbances. Two of the most important measures for satisfying this requirement are to provide the high quality voltage for feeding the critical loads and to limit the electronically-coupled DERs current and voltage. This paper investigates the performance of hierarchical control structure of islanded microgrids during and after the fault conditions. The primary control level of this control structure is equipped with the hybrid reference frame limiting strategy to limit the voltage-sourced converter (VSC) current and voltage. The effect of employing the concept of independent control of natural reference frame in both primary and secondary control levels and the influence of using the conditional integration method in the voltage controller of secondary control level on the microgrid performance during and after fault condition are investigated. The study results are demonstrated through several time-domain simulations of symmetrical and asymmetrical faults. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Modeling the Retailer in Optimal and Resilient Capacity Planning of Smart Grids, Considering the Demand Side Management Resources and Uncertainties
Ehsan Khoshkerdar Abdollah Rastgou Saeed KharratiEvery year, many blackouts occur all over the world as a result of natural disasters which cause many economic losses and impose a lot of costs on electricity network in order to restore the network. Therefore, definition of resilience concept and efforts for the resili MoreEvery year, many blackouts occur all over the world as a result of natural disasters which cause many economic losses and impose a lot of costs on electricity network in order to restore the network. Therefore, definition of resilience concept and efforts for the resilient performance of power grids intensified. One of the important things in the design of resilient power networks is to provide the required capacity of the system by considering the issue of resilience, which is considered in this paper. Considering the economic reasons, the presence of more capacity providers will create competition and improve the efficiency of the market, so demand-side management resources should also be used in the capacity market. Considering that the stable and efficient presence of demand-side management resources in the capacity market is possible only with the participation of load supplying companies, which are considered retailers in this paper, the parameters affecting their behavior and how they interact with the two market segments (market management and consumers) should be modeled on both sides of the market. Therefore, in this paper, it has been modeled and evaluated how the retailer's participation in the capacity market is and to what extent it can be effective in reducing reliability and resilience costs in the capacity market. It is natural that the retailer's profit in this business should also be calculated and it should be ensured that the retailer will be present in this market with an acceptable profit so that the network will also benefit from his presence. Numerical results have shown that using the retailer as a provider of demand-side resources in the capacity market will reduce outage costs by 1.5%, equivalent to saving $297,638 per year. Meanwhile, the retailer will also benefit from this business on an average of $3716 per day. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Self-tuning Fuzzy PID Controller for Load Frequency Control in AC Micro-grid with Considering of Input Delay
Rohollah Shahedi Kamel Sabahi Mehdi Tavan Amin HajizadehA micro grid (MG) system that benefits from distributed generation (DG) resources has a non-linear and time-varying nature which encounters the control problem with some difficulties. Also, due to the fact that in the most MG systems the frequency controllers are centra MoreA micro grid (MG) system that benefits from distributed generation (DG) resources has a non-linear and time-varying nature which encounters the control problem with some difficulties. Also, due to the fact that in the most MG systems the frequency controllers are centralized in the control room and, the DGs are located at distances from the control room, the occurrence of delay is undeniable and it should be considered in the design of the controller. For this purpose, a self-tuning fuzzy PID controller has been designed for load frequency control in a MG system in the presence of delay. The designed fuzzy PID controller is a nonlinear controller and can handle the nonlinearities. To deal with the delay in the input of the system, the Ziegler-Nichols like criteria has been utilized to derive the adaptive mechanism which tunes the scaling factors according to the maximum amount of delay in the online manner. The proposed self-tuning fuzzy PID controller has been applied for load frequency control of a time-delay MG system and the simulation results have been compared with the results of fixed structure fuzzy PID controller. The simulation results indicate the efficiency of the proposed controllers in dealing with time-varying delay. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - Coping With the Loss of Quality of Job Future Predictors in Grid Computing Environments
Reza Ghaemi hosein salami Mehrdad JalaliDistributed processing environments, such as grids, are one of the most important platforms for meeting the user's processing needs. These environments have the potential to meet the needs of users, but they also have their own problems, including the failure of the job MoreDistributed processing environments, such as grids, are one of the most important platforms for meeting the user's processing needs. These environments have the potential to meet the needs of users, but they also have their own problems, including the failure of the jobs. Several attempts have been made to overcome this problem, which in general can be divided into two categories of resource side methods and job side methods. All these methods need some kind of prediction of the resources or jobs status in order to pursue a proactive approach to failures. However, due to the dynamics of these environments, the developed models quickly lose their quality and thus can not effectively help with the methods mentioned. In this paper, first, by identifying the reasons for reducing the quality of predictors in the grid environment, a solution has been proposed to deal with it, and then the proposed solution has been applied in the context of job failures. The results of experiments on the two experimental environments of AuverGrid and Grid5000 showed that the proposed method would increase the quality by 0.02 and 0.06 respectively in these two environments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - A Multi-Layer Model for Energy Management of Multi-Microgrids Integrated with Smart Homes and Electric Vehicles
Mehdi Haghparast Amir Ahmarinejad Ahmad Rezaee jordehi Shahram Javadi Mahmood Hosseini AliabadiIn this paper, a three-layer optimization strategy for flexible energy management of the active distribution system under the high penetration of wind and solar renewable energy sources is introduced, in which microgrids are responsible for providing the flexibility ser MoreIn this paper, a three-layer optimization strategy for flexible energy management of the active distribution system under the high penetration of wind and solar renewable energy sources is introduced, in which microgrids are responsible for providing the flexibility services to the main distribution network. In the proposed strategy, microgrid operators provide flexibility services through distributed generation resources, electrical storage systems, smart homes, and electric vehicles. In the first layer of the proposed strategy, smart homes are planned considering the energy and flexibility markets and then announce their final plan to the microgrid operator. In the second layer, microgrids plan their service area according to the plans received from smart homes and then send their participation plan in the energy and flexibility markets to the main distribution network operator. Eventually, in the third layer, the main distribution network operator plans the energy and flexibility markets according to the plans received from the microgrids. The proposed three-stage strategy is modeled as a mixed integer linear programming problem and solved by CPLEX solver in GAMS. The proposed optimization strategy has been implemented on several case studies and the simulation results demonstrate that this strategy can effectively provide the flexibility capacities required for sustainable operation through cheap resources within microgrids, thereby significantly reducing the daily costs of microgrids and distribution network. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - Frequency Control in Autanamous Microgrid in the Presence of DFIG based Wind Turbine
Ghazanfar Shahgholian Khosro Khani Majid moazzamiDespite their ever-increasing power injection into power grid, wind turbines play no role in frequency control. On the other hand, power network frequency is mainly adjusted by conventional power plants. DFIG-based wind turbines not only are able to produce power in var MoreDespite their ever-increasing power injection into power grid, wind turbines play no role in frequency control. On the other hand, power network frequency is mainly adjusted by conventional power plants. DFIG-based wind turbines not only are able to produce power in various mechanical speeds, but they can also reduce speed instantaneously which, in turn, leads to mechanical energy release. Thus, they can aid conventional units in system frequency control. In this paper, the effect of wind energy conversion systems, especially variable speed DFIG-based wind turbines, in controlling and tuning of frequency is investigated when different penetration coefficients are considered in a isolated microgrid comprising of conventional thermal and non-thermal generating unit. To do this, optimal tuning of DFIG's speed controller is performed in different penetration levels using particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. In addition, optimum penetration of wind energy conversion system is studied considering frequency change parameters in a microgrid Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - Power management of a wind energy conversion system equipped by DFIG
Iman Zangiabadi Afshin EtesamiToday wind is one of the attractive points of energy area which has got the noticeable amount of investment and studies in this field. Considering the importance of the wind energy and its potentials as one of the renewable energy sources, in this paper managing the pro MoreToday wind is one of the attractive points of energy area which has got the noticeable amount of investment and studies in this field. Considering the importance of the wind energy and its potentials as one of the renewable energy sources, in this paper managing the production of active and reactive powers of a wind energy conversion system equipped with DFIG has been studied. In this regard, a structure based on vector control is offered to achieve an independent control of active and reactive powers. The strategy of managing the production of active and reactive power is applied to network by rotor side converter of a DFIG. The production of active power according to the maximum power point taking (MPPT) strategy to get a maximum power of the wind energy has been done and also improvement of power quality based on strategies of power factor correction and harmonics reduction have been arranged for a power network. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, a DFIG connected with a power network in different conditions of the reactive load has been simulated by MATLAB software.Obviously, the results state the proper operation of the power control of wind energy converting system , improvement of the network power factor, and Reduction of harmonic current of network based on the proposed method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Day-Ahead Coordination of Vehicle-to-Grid Operation and Wind Power in Security Constraints Unit Commitment (SCUC)
Mohammad Javad Abdollahi Majid MoazzamiIn this paper security constraints unit commitment (SCUC) in the presence of wind power resources and electrical vehicles to grid is presented. SCUC operation prepare an optimal time table for generation unit commitment in order to maximize security, minimize operation MoreIn this paper security constraints unit commitment (SCUC) in the presence of wind power resources and electrical vehicles to grid is presented. SCUC operation prepare an optimal time table for generation unit commitment in order to maximize security, minimize operation cost and satisfy the constraints of networks and units in a period of time, as one of the most important research interest in power systems. Today, the relationship between power network and energy storage systems is interested for many researchers and network operators. Using Electrical Vehicles (PEVs) and wind power for energy production is one of the newest proposed methods for replacing fossil fuels.One of the effective strategies for analyzing of the effects of Vehicle 2 Grid (V2G) and wind power in optimal operation of generation is running of SCUC for power systems that are equipped with V2G and wind power resources. In this paper, game theory method is employed for deterministic solution of day-ahead unit commitment with considering security constraints in the simultaneous presence of V2G and wind power units. This problem for two scenarios of grid-controlled mode and consumer-controlled mode in three different days with light, medium and heavy load profiles is analyzed. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the presence of V2G and wind power for decreasing of generation cost and improving operation indices of power systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Estimation of Unknown Quality of Service Values to Increase the Quality of Composite Grid Service Using Bayesian Network
Ali Asghar Pourhaji Kazem Hossein Pedram Hasan AbolhasaniComputational Grids have developed as a new approach to solve large scale problems in scientific, engineering and business areas. Open Grid services architecture is an adaptation of the service-oriented architecture which presents the Grid operation a set of service-ori MoreComputational Grids have developed as a new approach to solve large scale problems in scientific, engineering and business areas. Open Grid services architecture is an adaptation of the service-oriented architecture which presents the Grid operation a set of service-oriented softwares. Grid services composition provides the possibility for users to submit their complex requirements as a single request.QoS-aware Grid service composition algorithms try to construct a composite Grid service which satisfies the user-defined constraints as well as to optimize the QoS parameters. All of the presented service composition approaches in the literature discard using the Grid services with unknown QoS values in the composition process. However, estimation of unknown QoS values of Grid services provides an opportunity for them to be selected as component Grid services in the constructed composite service. In this paper, a probabilistic QoS model is presented for estimating the unknown QoS values using Bayesian network. Experimental results indicate that estimating the unknown QoS values has high accuracy and leads to more efficient composite Grid services. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - Comparison of exploitation criteria and acceleration of diagrid steel structures with tube system based on wind dynamic analysis
mehdi hooshmand Hassan Haji Kazemi Seyed Alireza ZareeiConsidering the widespread use of diagrid systems in high-rise buildings, it seems necessary to investigate the behavior of this structural system against the wind and control comfort criteria based on acceleration. The purpose of this research is to compare the comfort MoreConsidering the widespread use of diagrid systems in high-rise buildings, it seems necessary to investigate the behavior of this structural system against the wind and control comfort criteria based on acceleration. The purpose of this research is to compare the comfort criterion based on acceleration in the diagrid system with the tube system. For this purpose, the effect of various parameters such as the acceleration of floors and base shear under dynamic wind load has been evaluated. It is expected that the performance of the diagonal network will be evaluated with a more detailed understanding of the diagonal network in tall structures and the evaluation of the performance and comfort criteria based on the acceleration against the wind load using the dynamic analysis of time history using Cholsky, ergodic and AP methods. Investigations show that the acceleration of the diagrid system floors, based on the ASCE7 wind dynamic response prediction equations, has exceeded the permissible limit of the ASCE 7 regulation of milli-g20. This article is due to the overestimation of ASCE 7 equations compared to the results of wind time history analysis. So, in the 50-story structure, the maximum acceleration of the roof obtained from the ASCE equation is 71.83 times the results of the dynamic analysis of wind time history, and in the 70-story structure, it is 2 times, and in the 100-story structure, it is 1.87 times the results of the dynamic analysis of the wind time history. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - The Experimental Study of the Influence of Function and Arrangement of Geogrids and Uniform Stress Distribution in the Tensile Area of the Concrete structures
Ashkan khodaBandeLou aliasgar akbari bargoshadiConcrete is one of the main materials used in the construction industry and there are disadvantages to the conventional method of using steel, which reduces the breakage and concrete failure. Today, the spread of the science of applying polymeric materials to overcome t MoreConcrete is one of the main materials used in the construction industry and there are disadvantages to the conventional method of using steel, which reduces the breakage and concrete failure. Today, the spread of the science of applying polymeric materials to overcome these disadvantages has quickly taken its place in concrete ingredients. These materials can produce stronger concrete with greater flexibility and a smoother surface and can increase concrete resistance to erosion, impact and corrosion. In this research, using Geogrid, which is a family of geosynthetics, the tensile strength of concrete increased by 15%. Because it is used as a solid with very low risk, the geogrid is placed at different distances from the neutral warp. Based on the results of the experiments and according to the diagrams obtained from the geogrid experiments, if utilized as a semi-solid in the tensile region, the geogrids will result in the equal distribution of stresses and will have a better effect on increasing tensile strength. Of course, using a combination of steel and geogrid in the tensile region and according to the geogrid characteristics, it is easier to achieve a soft failure (tensile failure), which is the best type of failure for concrete structures. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Optimized Designing of the Diametric Network of one or two-layer Diagrid Structure in Dignified Buildings under the Gravity and Lateral Loads
ashkan khodabandelou reza aghajani Diagrid structures as the structural system in dignified buildings, from the applicational point of view, are framed and piped developed structures which decrease the weight of the structure by reducing the cutting limp. The goal of the pr More Diagrid structures as the structural system in dignified buildings, from the applicational point of view, are framed and piped developed structures which decrease the weight of the structure by reducing the cutting limp. The goal of the present article is to optimize the diagrid structures for reducing the weight of structure, determining the number of classifications and the optimize angle and finally comparing the mono and two-layer diagrid structure for selecting the economic option. Through the present research, doing the optimizing diagrid structure by using the extra-creating algorithms, which made the integrated drive electronic necessary, was considered. The Grasshopper graphical programming extension on the Rhino geometric modelling software supplied the algorithmic optimization by making the written program parametric by the genetic algorithm by Galapagos extension. Optimizing in the written software is done by the genetic algorithm by Galapagos extension in base of output results from Karamba analysis structure engine. The optimizing accessed results show that the optimizing angle of the diagrid structures’ members with horizon line for mono-layer diagrid os 64/01 and for two-layer diagrid structure is 65/77. The optimizing weight of the mono-layer diagrid is less than two-layer diagrid which by attention to the simple structure in the rapid time and less energy consuming, the mono-layer diagrid is selected as the affordable option. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Improvement of Loose Clayey Soil Layers Under Shallow Foundation with Using Geogrid
ramin vafaeipoor sadaf mahmoudi azarGeogrid as reinforcement in the present, can solve the problems with the construction of heavy structures and embankments on weak soils without need for piling or excavation operations. This is done by placing geogrid on weak soils Between them at appropriate distance MoreGeogrid as reinforcement in the present, can solve the problems with the construction of heavy structures and embankments on weak soils without need for piling or excavation operations. This is done by placing geogrid on weak soils Between them at appropriate distances then cut the failure surfaces This article is about geotechnical information of weak soil of Fereshteh street in Tabriz city. in the present study, two sides geogrid is widely used and parallel under foundation with burst zero, one, two, three and four meters. In the PLAXIS modeling software, model has been designed for statically and dynamically or seismic analysis and their behavior has been compared. according to the results by Construction of two layers of geogrid vertical settlement for this soil has been 4.30 centimeters in thirty days. Which has the lowest amount compared to other layers in this case this can help in preventing long-term soils settlement. This result can be used for the lands which there is no limit on the adjacent Residential structures to a radius of three meters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Determining Optimum Number Force Limiting Devices in Improving Collapse Behavior of Double Layer SPACE GRIDS
Mohammad Azizafshar Mohammadreza sheydayi mehdi darvishhashemiAbstract There are two methods of force distribution and ductility improvement for improving collapse behaviour of double-layer space grids. In the method of ductility improvement, by applying strategies like using force limiting devices for preventing buckling of stre MoreAbstract There are two methods of force distribution and ductility improvement for improving collapse behaviour of double-layer space grids. In the method of ductility improvement, by applying strategies like using force limiting devices for preventing buckling of stress device, structure behaviour will change into ductility behaviour, so the impact of the number of force limiting devices in improving double-layer space grids collapse behaviour is effective until ductility and bearing capacity of structure has a considerable increase. In this article, the optimum effect of force limiting devices number in improving double-layer space grids collapse behaviour is considered according to the effectiveness of limiting devices in increasing ductility and bearing capacity of double-layer space grids from their aspect of number. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - Optimal design of diagrid steel structure in high building
ashkan khodabandelou reza aghajaniDiagrid structure is diagonal elements that simultaneously carry the load of horizontal and vertical loads. In diagrid structures, unlike most common systems of high-rise buildings in which incoming loads are transmitted through shear and flexural mechanisms, the MoreDiagrid structure is diagonal elements that simultaneously carry the load of horizontal and vertical loads. In diagrid structures, unlike most common systems of high-rise buildings in which incoming loads are transmitted through shear and flexural mechanisms, the diagrid structures, due to their triangular configuration and removal of vertical columns, have a central load transfer mechanism, in other words, they have truss performance. Diagrid structures are developed for effectiveness and beauty of architecture and structure.Diagrid structures as a structural system in high-rise buildings in terms of performance, is an improved system of frame and pipe structure, which reduces the structural weight by decreasing the shear lag. The goal of this research is to optimize the diameter structure of buildings to minimize the weight of the structure, to determine the number of horizontal and vertical segments. Grasshopper graphical programming plugin for Rhino software, with parameterization of the written program, provides algorithm optimization. Optimization in the program written by the genetic algorithm is done through the Galapagos plugin based on the outcomes of the structure analysis engine of the Karamba plugin. The simulation results indicate that for a 40-store diameter structure of 900 square meters in each floor, the optimal mode with the horizontal and vertical divisions of 8, and 26, and the angle of 64 with the horizontal axis will be 21508 tons of the total structure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - Comparison of Exploitation Criteria and Acceleration of Long Diagrid Steel Structures with Environmental Frame System Based on Dynamic Wind Analysis
mehdi hooshmand Hassan Haji Kazemi Seyed Alireza ZareeiConsidering the widespread use of diagrid systems in tall buildings, it is necessary to investigate the behavior of this structural system against the wind and control comfort criteria based on acceleration. According to different regulations, it is evident that there i MoreConsidering the widespread use of diagrid systems in tall buildings, it is necessary to investigate the behavior of this structural system against the wind and control comfort criteria based on acceleration. According to different regulations, it is evident that there is not much guidance for the design of this structural system and its requirements have not yet been included in the design regulations. Therefore, one of the most important goals of the current research is to investigate and use the Diagrid structural system as one of the modern structural systems in high-rise buildings. Another goal of this research is to compare the performance of the diagrid system with the environmental pipe system. Accordingly, the effect of various parameters including the acceleration of floors and shear of the base under dynamic wind load has been evaluated. It is expected that the performance of the diagonal network will be evaluated with a more detailed understanding of the diagonal network in tall structures and the evaluation of the operation and comfort criteria based on the acceleration against the wind load using dynamic time history analysis applying Cholesky, ergodic and AP methods. The results have been compared with the formulas of the ASCE7 regulation and the AIJ-GBV-2004 and ISO 10137:2007 comfort criteria and the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC). These investigations indicate that the acceleration of the diagrid system floors based on ASCE7 wind dynamic response prediction equations, has exceeded the permissible limit of ASCE 7 regulation by 20 milli-g (20Gal). This is due to the high estimation of ASCE 7 equations compared to the results of wind time history analysis. In such a way that in the 50-, 70-, and 100-story buildings, the maximum accelerations of the roof obtained from the ASCE 7 equation are 1.83, 2.07, and 1.87 times the results of the dynamic analysis of wind time history, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - Optimal Design of the Diagrid Structural Systems using Improved Genetic Algorithm
Mohammadreza Baradaran Morteza MadhkhanOne of the new structural systems utilized in high-rise structures is diagrid structural systems. In this type of structural system, the columns are removed and the diagrid members are replaced. In other words, in addition to carrying gravity loads, the diagrid members MoreOne of the new structural systems utilized in high-rise structures is diagrid structural systems. In this type of structural system, the columns are removed and the diagrid members are replaced. In other words, in addition to carrying gravity loads, the diagrid members also control lateral loads and there is no need to design a lateral load-bearing system for the structure. The buildings built with this system, in addition to innovation in the structural system, have a beautiful and unique architectural design. One of the most important and effective design parameters in diagrid structures is determining the angle of diagrid members. This angle directly affects the weight of the structure. In the present research, the angle of diagrid members has been studied and evaluated. For this purpose, a 24-storey building has been analyzed and optimized. In order to optimize the structure, an improved genetic algorithm has been used. In this regard, using the genetic algorithm, the optimal weight of the frame at different angles for the diagrid structural system as well as the structural system with mega bracing is determined and the optimal weight is presented. The weight of the diagrid structure was compared with the weight of the mega bracing system. The results show that the optimal angle of the diagonal members in the mega bracing system is approximately 36 degrees, while this angle is approximately 65 degrees for the diagrid system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
109 - مسئله برنامه ریزی چیدمان تسهیلات تصادفی: الگوریتم فراابتکاری و مطالعه موردی
Nima Moradiچیدمان تسهیلات از مسائل مهم مدیریت عملیات میباشد، بطوریکه تاثیر مستقیمی بر عملکرد مالی شرکتهای خصوصی و دولتی دارد. مسئله چیدمان تسهیلات با پارامترهای تصادفی، تسهیلات مساحت نابرابر و مدلسازی سیستم توری، مسئله ای است که قبلا بر روی آن کار نشده است. مطالعه این مسئله سهم اص Moreچیدمان تسهیلات از مسائل مهم مدیریت عملیات میباشد، بطوریکه تاثیر مستقیمی بر عملکرد مالی شرکتهای خصوصی و دولتی دارد. مسئله چیدمان تسهیلات با پارامترهای تصادفی، تسهیلات مساحت نابرابر و مدلسازی سیستم توری، مسئله ای است که قبلا بر روی آن کار نشده است. مطالعه این مسئله سهم اصلی این مقاله است. در این مقاله، ابتدا یک مدل برنامه ریزی ریاضی عدد صحیح غیرخطی تصادفی ارائه شده است که تابع هدف آن کمینه سازی هزینه های کل جریان مواد میان تسهیلات است.سپس یک الگوریتم فراابتکاری مبتنی بر شبیه سازی تبرید ارائه شده است. الگوریتم پیشنهادی قادر است تا با استفاده از رویه های تولید جواب موجه و عملگر جست و جوی همسایگی جواب های با کیفیت بالا در مدت زمان اندک را تولید نماید. حل مسائل گوناگون با اندازه های متفاوت در کنار یک مطالعه موردی واقعی، کارایی الگوریتم در حل اینگونه مسائل را نشان میدهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
110 - کاهش زمان اتمام اجرای کار در گرید داده با استفاده از یک الگوریتم تکثیری فازی
مهسا بیگرضایی سید لیلی میر طاهری mirtaheri -
Open Access Article
111 - New Application of Active Power Filters in a Microgrid
Mohammad Firoozian Seyed Hossein Hosseinian Mehrdad Abedi -
Open Access Article
112 - Reliability Evaluation in Tree-structured Grid Services with Colored Petri Net
Mirsaeid Hosseini Shirvani Mahdie Khanramaki -
Open Access Article
113 - Presentation of A Comparative Method For Grid Reliability
Sedigheh Navaezadeh Iman zangeneh Mehnoosh vahebi -
Open Access Article
114 - Improving Reliability through Selecting Data in Grid Distributed System and Comparing it with Other Presented Algorithms
Sedigheh Navaezadeh Iman Zangeneh Elham Tavakol -
Open Access Article
115 - Increasing performance in Data grid by a new replica replacement algorithm
Mahsa Beigrezaei Abolfazl Toroghi Haghighat Seyedeh Leili Mirtaheri Narges Hajizadeh Bastani -
Open Access Article
116 - A Utility-Based Data Replication Algorithm in Large Scale Data Grids
Najme Mansouri -
Open Access Article
117 - A New Replica Consistency Maintenance Method Based on Dynamic Update Rate Calculation in the Data Grid
Rasmieh Parvaneh Mahsa Beigrezaei -
Open Access Article
118 - On the Effects Analysis of Microgrids in Occurring the Challenge of Human Settlements in Urban Space (Case Study: Abadan City)
M. shayan S. Ghanbari F. salmanpoor M. miri M. sanaie qohiEvery year, wind erosion and its related problems imposed heavily damages to the environment, social and health parts of the society. Iran, due to the extent of dry-scrubbing and dust that cover each year a large part of the country, coping and optimal guidance of this MoreEvery year, wind erosion and its related problems imposed heavily damages to the environment, social and health parts of the society. Iran, due to the extent of dry-scrubbing and dust that cover each year a large part of the country, coping and optimal guidance of this phenomenon is very important. The objective of this study was effects analysis of microgrids in occurring the challenge of human settlements in urban space of Abadan. The population under study included all citizens of Abadan city (N=283601). The sample under study were 250 persons which were selected by stratified sampling method and by the use of Cochran formula. The tool for collecting field study data was a researcher-made questionnaire which its validity was confirmed using the views of the relevant experts and university professors after necessary reforms. The reliability of the study tool was assessed using pre-test (using 30 questionnaires) and Cronbach alpha coefficient was calculated and the results of the pre-test confirmed the reliability of the research tool (Cronbach alpha, 0.7). The results which had been done by the use of SPSS software determined that the level of the awareness of majority of people of that region form the effects of its complications and effects was at average level, but they were in forced to continue living with that in forced phenomenon. The results of the effects of the microgrids on the factors studied showed that this matter posed a serious threat to the physical and mental well-being of the settlements and their environment. It also reduced recreation and sports activities in terms of cultural and social factors. Reducing residents' income was one of the economic factor indexes that had been affected by the phenomenon of microorganisms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
119 - Machine Foundations on Fiber Concrete Tunnel in Reinforced Sand
Alireza Hajiani Boushehrian -
Open Access Article
120 - Effect of Geogrid on Increasing the Bearing Capacity of Strip Foundations in Sandy Soils
Farhad Pirmohammadi Alishah Mehdi Kanani Mehdi Mohammadrezaei Sattar Shafiei -
Open Access Article
121 - An Efficient Auto Redundant Technique for Analysis of Single Layer Grid with Curved Mambers
Ashwin G. Hansora Mangubhai N. Patel Bharatbhai B. Mistry -
Open Access Article
122 - Resource Allocation in Volunteer Computing Networks Based on Node Reliability
Jafar Khakpour Mir Mohsen Pedram -
Open Access Article
123 - Voltage Sag Investigation of Microgrid in the presence of SMES and SVC
Noorolah Fardad Soodabeh Soleymani Faramarz Faghihi -
Open Access Article
124 - Reactive Power Management in Micro Grid with Considering Power Generation Uncertainty and State Estimation
Mohammad Reza Forozan Nasab Javad Olamaei -
Open Access Article
125 - Investigating the Effect of Different Penetration of Renewable Energy Resources on Islanded Microgrid Frequency Control Using a Robust Method
Amir Hosein Tayebi Reza Sharifi Amir Hosein Salemi Faramarz Faghihi -
Open Access Article
126 - Demand Response Potentials for the Economic Deployment of Multi-Carrier Microgrids
Mahdi Azimian Vahid Amir Saeid javadi -
Open Access Article
127 - Energy Optimization in Smart Grids Using Whale Optimization Algorithm and Fuzzification
Marzieh Poshtyafteh Afshin Lashkarara Hasan Barati -
Open Access Article
128 - Analysis and Simulation of Inverter-Based Microgrid Droop Control Method in Island Operation Mode
Saeed Farhang Sayed Mohammad Ali Zanjani Bahador Fani -
Open Access Article
129 - Coordinated Control and Energy Management of Distributed Generation Inverter Using Robust Control in Microgrid
Amin Mavali Ali Naderi Saatlo -
Open Access Article
130 - Robust H Infinity Control of Micro-Grid to Develop the Power Management Performance
Amin Mavali Ali Naderi Saatlo -
Open Access Article
131 - Optimal Planning of Distributed Energy Resources in Distribution Microgrid to Improve Resource Owner Profit and Network Resiliency
Soheil Haji Mohammadi Mahmoud Modaresi -
Open Access Article
132 - Optimal Scheduling of a Renewable-based Micro Grid Considering Reliability Effect
Amir Ghaedi Reza Sedaghati Mehrdad MahmoudianIn the microgrids, it can be used from the renewable energy resources (RERs) such as photovolta-ic panels, wind turbines, wave energy converters and current type tidal turbines to reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission arisen from fossil fuel-based generation units. H MoreIn the microgrids, it can be used from the renewable energy resources (RERs) such as photovolta-ic panels, wind turbines, wave energy converters and current type tidal turbines to reduce the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission arisen from fossil fuel-based generation units. However, the generated electrical power of these RERs are dependent on the wave height and wave period, solar radiation, the wind speed, and the tidal current speed. Due to the wide variation in the RERs, the generated electrical power of these generation units changes a lot and so, to supply the local load in the isolated microgrid, the conventional generation units and the energy storage sys-tems (ESSs) can be utilized. In this paper, optimal scheduling of a microgrid containing conven-tional generation units, ESS and RERs including wind turbines, photovoltaic panels, current type tidal turbines and wave energy converters is performed to determine the generated power of each generation unit provided that the cost function is minimum. In the cost function, the operation cost of the generation units based on fossil fuel and the penalty cost associated to the load cur-tailment as the reliability cost are considered and using of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, the cost function is minimized. To study the capability and effectiveness of the pre-sented approach, the numerical results associated to the optimal scheduling of a microgrid con-taining battery, RERs, and conventional units are presented. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
133 - The impact of blockchain technology on the role of consumers in the electricity system in the electricity legal system of Iran and the European Union
mohamad taqi rafiei vahid vazariyanField and Aims: One of the most important legal issues in the electricity supply chain is how to activate consumers who start producing electricity in the electricity market. At the time of writing, the presence and activity of electricity consumers in the Iranian elect MoreField and Aims: One of the most important legal issues in the electricity supply chain is how to activate consumers who start producing electricity in the electricity market. At the time of writing, the presence and activity of electricity consumers in the Iranian electricity market has been very passive. Because their role as independent market participants has been flawed or not facilitated. How Blockchain technology can help customers in the lowest position in the electricity supply chain in Iran to have an active presence in the electricity sector as independent market participants? What legal and political consequences will follow the application of blockchain technology in the electricity industry in the country?Method: This research has studied the relevant sources and collected information by descriptive-analytical methodFindings andConclusion: Using emerging technologies such as Blockchain, which uses a peer-to-peer trading method, in addition to activating consumers in the electricity market, the idea of creating an electricity market with the presence of consumers can be pursued. Transactions are now facilitated by third parties, suppliers, and system operators whose primary task is to collect and centralize information about cargo and the production and contracting of supply and distribution services. Instead, blockchain technology provides new ways to organize decentralized people without the immediate need for an intermediary. The use of this technology requires legislative policy in order to validate these technologies, legislative policy in order to implement emerging technologies and implementation policy in order to install and use these technologies by executive agencies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
134 - Design of Conceptual Model for product disposition with repertory grid
hamed ghobakhloo elham faridchehr mahmood Ahmadi sharif nader gharib navazOnce the products are used up, the next step is to decide how to dispose them. Reuse, repair, reconstruction, recycling, etc. are different disposal options that the consumer will face. Therefore, disposing the acquired product is a fundamental part of the consumer deci MoreOnce the products are used up, the next step is to decide how to dispose them. Reuse, repair, reconstruction, recycling, etc. are different disposal options that the consumer will face. Therefore, disposing the acquired product is a fundamental part of the consumer decision-making process. knowing the consumer behavior in disposing of products will have good consequences for the consumer, business, community and environment. in this research, which is a basic research, an attempt has been made to explain all the factors affecting the disposal of goods by explaining the qualitative method of repertory grid Purposeful sampling and interviews with 20 experts in this field, a conceptual model was presented. From the results of the repertory grid approach, 229 structures were obtained. Finally, using hierarchical clustering statistical method and experts' opinion, the total structures are divided into 10 clusters. (situational factors, psychological factors, attribution theory, desire for innovation, purchase intention, disposal channel, storage tendency, social factors, economic factors, 4p marketing). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
135 - An Overview on Microgrid Concept with Special Focus on Islanding Protection Issues
Ferinar Moaidi Masoud Aliakbar Golkar -
Open Access Article
136 - Two-stage Framework for Microgrids Energy Management Considering Demand Response Program and Compressed Air Energy Storages under Uncertainties
Alireza Azarhooshang Sasan Pirouzi Mojtaba Ghadamyari -
Open Access Article
137 - Optimal Economic Operation and Battery Sizing for Microgrid Energy Management Systems Considering Demand Response
Mehdi Mohammadjafari Reza Ebrahimi Vahid Parvin Darabad -
Open Access Article
138 - Dynamic Behavior Improvement of Control System in Inverter-Based Island Microgrid by Adding a Mixed Virtual Impedance Loop to Voltage Control Loop
Saeid Farhang Ghazanfar Shahgholian Bahador Fani -
Open Access Article
139 - Energy Management in Photovoltaic Based Micro-Grid Systems
Mojtaba Jamiati -
Open Access Article
140 - Preliminary assessment of using solar-based systems in the facade of building in Abadan: A sustainable development approach
Sayed Ehsan Badakhshian Mohammad Baharvand -
Open Access Article
141 - Microgrid Planning Including Renewables Considering Optimum Compressed Air Energy Storage Capacity Determination Using HANN-MDA Method
Seyedamin Saeed Tahere Daemi Zohreh BeheshtipourMicrogrids, with their ability to integrate renewable energy sources, play a crucial role in achieving sustainable and resilient energy systems. Effective planning and optimization of microgrids, particularly considering the inclusion of compressed air energy storage (C MoreMicrogrids, with their ability to integrate renewable energy sources, play a crucial role in achieving sustainable and resilient energy systems. Effective planning and optimization of microgrids, particularly considering the inclusion of compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems, are essential for maximizing their benefits. This study proposes a novel approach, the Hybrid Artificial Neural Network-Modified Dragonfly Algorithm (HANN-MDA), for determining the optimum capacity of CAES in microgrid planning. The HANN-MDA method combines the learning capabilities of artificial neural networks with the optimization power of the modified dragonfly algorithm. The proposed method aims to minimize the overall cost of microgrid operation while considering the integration of renewable energy sources and the storage capabilities of CAES. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the HANN-MDA method in accurately determining the optimal CAES capacity, leading to improved microgrid performance and cost savings. The findings highlight the importance of considering CAES in microgrid planning and the potential of the HANN-MDA method for achieving efficient and economically viable microgrid designs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
142 - Smart Grid Unit Commitment with Considerations for Pumped Storage Units Using Hybrid GA-Heuristic Optimization Algorithm
Ava Alamatsaz Mohammad Esmaeil Nazari -
Open Access Article
143 - Dynamic Demand Management in an Airconditioner System by Frequency Control in Smart Grid Environment
Sevda Allahyari Shahram Javadi -
Open Access Article
144 - Per Unit Coding for Combined Economic Emission Load Dispatch using Smart Algorithms
Naser Ghorbani Ebrahim Babaei Sara Laali Payam Farhadi -
Open Access Article
145 - Participating of Micro-grids in energy and spinning reserve markets – Intra-day market
Iman Narimani Saeed Reza Goldani -
Open Access Article
146 - A Hybrid Control Method for Stable Operation of Active Power Filters in Three-Phase Four-Wire Networks
S. Sajjad Seyedalipour Habib Allah Aalami Amin Barzegar -
Open Access Article
147 - The Influence of Smart Grid on TOU Programs With Respect to Production Cost and Load Factor, A Case Study of Iran
Hassan Monsef Pouyan Khajavi -
Open Access Article
148 - Determining the Optimal Location and Amount of Distributed Generation Sources in an Unbalanced Radial Distribution Grid
Abbas Seif -
Open Access Article
149 - Using Reinforcement Learning to Make Smart Energy Storage Source in Microgrid
Sadegh Etemad Nasser Mozayani -
Open Access Article
150 - A New Control Strategy for Voltage Restoration and Voltage Unbalance Compensation in an Islanded Droop-Controlled Microgrid
Amin Ranjbaran -
Open Access Article
151 - Power Quality Identification and Classification Using Wavelet Method in Smart Power Grids
Mohammad Reza Hatami -
Open Access Article
152 - Designing Decision Maker in a Smart Home for Energy Consumption Optimization Using Fuzzy Modeling
Maryam Sadat Mahdaviyani Mehrdad Javadi -
Open Access Article
153 - Optimization of the Microgrid Scheduling with Considering Contingencies in an Uncertainty Environment
Saber Talari Mahmoud Reza Haghifam Ali Akhavein -
Open Access Article
154 - An Advanced Hysteresis Controller to Improve Voltage Profile of Power System with PV Units: A Smart Grid Power Exchange Framework
Armin Teymouri S. Hamid Fathi Faramarz Karbakhsh -
Open Access Article
155 - Optimal Scheduling of CHP-based Microgrid Under Real-Time Demand Response Program
Hamed Pashaei-Didani Kazem Zare Sayyad Nojavan -
Open Access Article
156 - Photovoltaic Microgrids Control by the Cooperative Control of Multi-Agent Systems
Heidar Ali Shayanfar Sajad Malek -
Open Access Article
157 - Delay Dependent H∞ Based Robust Control Strategy for Unified Power Quality Conditioner in a Microgrid
Majid Aryanezhad Elahe Ostadaghaee -
Open Access Article
158 - A Triple State Time Variant Cost Function Unit Commitment with Significant Vehicle to Grid Penetration
Morteza Aien Mahmud Fotuhi Firuzabad -
Open Access Article
159 - Optimal Energy Procurement of Smart Large Consumers Incorporating Parking Lot, Renewable Energy Sources and Demand Response Program
Mehrdad Ghahramani Kazem zare Behnam Mohammadi Ivatloo -
Open Access Article
160 - Voltage Imbalance Compensation for Droop-Controlled Inverters in Islanded Microgrid
Amin Ranjabaran Mahmoud Ebadian Mohammad Sadegh Ghazizadeh -
Open Access Article
161 - Design and Implementation of the Predictive Current Control Strategy in the Single Phase Photovoltaic Grid-Connected Inverter Based on Microcontroller
Hamed Javaheri Fard Hamid Reza Najafi Hossein Eliasi -
Open Access Article
162 - A New Algorithm for Load Flow Analysis in Autonomous Networks
M. Abedi -
Open Access Article
163 - Adaptive Neural Inference System (ANFIS) and Grid Matrix (GA) Strategies Approach in Optimizing the Investment Portfolio in Tehran Stock Exchange and OTC Iran
ALI SHEIDAEI NARMIGI Fereydun Rahnama roodposhti Reza RadfarPortfolio optimization is a process in which the investor seeks to maximize return on investment or minimize risk. One of the main issues is to determine the optimization method, which is to form an optimal investment portfolio, which means minimizing investment risk an MorePortfolio optimization is a process in which the investor seeks to maximize return on investment or minimize risk. One of the main issues is to determine the optimization method, which is to form an optimal investment portfolio, which means minimizing investment risk and maximizing investment profit. The aim of this study was to investigate the capability of adaptive fuzzy neural inference system (ANFIS) and grid matrix (GA) strategies in selecting and optimizing the investment portfolio from among selected Tehran Stock Exchange and OTC companies. The grouping of stocks by the network matrix and the classification of companies based on their market value and the use of the law of quarters and finally their weighting is considered in proportion to the forecast return for the next month of that share. Also, a stock portfolio optimization model has been designed and presented using an adaptive fuzzy neural inference system and its combination with a genetic algorithm in which three different categories of time, technical and fundamental series variables are used as model inputs. It becomes. Research outputs show that these systems have the ability to optimize the stock portfolio. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
164 - Solving Imbalanced Data Distribution Problem in Bankruptcy Prediction by Cost-Sensitive Learning Method
seyed behrooz razavi ebrahim abbasiThis study aimed to add cost-sensitive learning technique to imbalanced data-based bankruptcy prediction models in order to reduce type I error and increase the geometric mean criterion of overall accuracy to reduce the misclassification costs of bankrupt companies for MoreThis study aimed to add cost-sensitive learning technique to imbalanced data-based bankruptcy prediction models in order to reduce type I error and increase the geometric mean criterion of overall accuracy to reduce the misclassification costs of bankrupt companies for stakeholders. For this purpose, type I error, type II error, and the geometric mean of overall accuracy of bankruptcy models based on cost-sensitive learning were compared with bankruptcy prediction models with highly imbalanced datasets. The statistical sample included 1200 year-companies since 2001- 2020, consisting of 90% healthy companies and 10% bankrupt companies. Hypotheses test results showed that adding a cost-sensitive learning technique to the bankruptcy prediction models led to a significant decrease in the type I error, a significant increase in the type II error, and a significant increase in geometric mean of accuracy of imbalanced data-based models at 95% confidence level. Also, with the increase in the misclassification cost of bankrupt companies, type I error had a downward trend and the II type error had an upward trend, and the geometric mean of accuracy had an upward trend. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
165 - Analysis and simulation of island mode operation in inverter-based microgrids with voltage droop controllers
Babak Keyvani Bahador Fani Ghazanfar Shahgholian Mahnaz Hashemi -
Open Access Article
166 - روش بهبود یافته المان محدود شبکه ثابت برای حل مسائل ارتجاعی سه بعدی مواد دارای خواص تابعی
محمد جواد کاظم زاده پارسی فرهنگ دانشمنددر این مقاله با استفاده از یک شبکه غیرمنطبق بر مرز، کاربرد روش بهبود یافته المان محدود شبکه ثابت در حل مسائل ارتجاعی خطی سه بعدی مواد دارای خواص تابعی بررسی شده است. در شبکههای غیر منطبق بر مرز، وجوه المانها بر مرز مسئله منطبق نبوده و گرههای مرزی که در روش المان محد Moreدر این مقاله با استفاده از یک شبکه غیرمنطبق بر مرز، کاربرد روش بهبود یافته المان محدود شبکه ثابت در حل مسائل ارتجاعی خطی سه بعدی مواد دارای خواص تابعی بررسی شده است. در شبکههای غیر منطبق بر مرز، وجوه المانها بر مرز مسئله منطبق نبوده و گرههای مرزی که در روش المان محدود استاندارد برای اعمال شرایط مرزی از آنها استفاده میشود، وجود ندارد. از این رو محاسبه ماتریس سختی المانهای متقاطع با مرز و اعمال شرایط مرزی باید با دقت کافی انجام شود. در روش پیشنهادی، ماتریس سختی المانهای متقاطع با مرز از طریق در نظر گرفتن انرژی کرنشی قسمت داخلی آنها و انتگرالگیری عددی روی این قسمتها حاصل شده و شرایط مرزی اساسی مسئله توسط روش تابع جریمه اعمال شده است. برای بررسی کارایی روش پیشنهادی، چند مثال عددی حل شده و نتایج با نتایج حاصل از روش المان محدود استاندارد مورد مقایسه قرار گرفته است. نتایج نشان میدهد که هر دو روش از تطابق خوبی برخوردار هستند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
167 - Investigating the effect of different materials in improving the structural performance of active bending shells by analyzing a selected sample of grid shells
sahar sadeghi morteza rahbar katayoun Taghizadeh Azari حسین ذبیحیGrid shell structures are one of the types of active bending structures, which consist of a network of continuous elements with double curved shells. Therefore, the purpose of this article is the effect of different materials by selecting a sample of mesh shells in impr MoreGrid shell structures are one of the types of active bending structures, which consist of a network of continuous elements with double curved shells. Therefore, the purpose of this article is the effect of different materials by selecting a sample of mesh shells in improving their structural performance, for this purpose, the geometry of the selected shell was first modeled with the help of Grasshopper program and then using Kangaroo and Karamba physics modeling software in a The repetitive step at the same time, the mechanical and geometric considerations have been analyzed. In the selected sample, with the help of quantitative analytical method in Karamba software, the stresses are calculated, and then, considering the variables of materials with the same thickness and dimensions, which have a rectangular cross-section, to check the amount of displacement in bearing internal forces and stresses that The reason for the change in the weight of the structure has come about, and according to that, the Young's modulus has reached its minimum average, and the steps have been taken. In this way, it can be concluded that among the six different families of materials such as: steel, wood, concrete, steel, composite and polymers depending on the type of access and facilities in each country, polymer structures reinforced with glass fibers and structures Wood has the best structural performance for making grid shells. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
168 - Energy Management in Microgrids Using Compensators, Energy Storage Systems, Demand Response, and Integration of Renewable Energies
Hamid Hematian Mohammad Tolou Akari Meysam AmirAhmadi Mahmoud Samiei Moghaddam Majid BabaeinikThis article examines the challenges of energy management in microgrids, considering the uncertainties associated with renewable energy sources, dynamic demand, and the presence of various devices such as batteries, distributed generation sources, and electric vehicles. MoreThis article examines the challenges of energy management in microgrids, considering the uncertainties associated with renewable energy sources, dynamic demand, and the presence of various devices such as batteries, distributed generation sources, and electric vehicles. The article introduces a complex optimization model designed for microgrid operations. This model focuses on mitigating the challenges of integrating power electronic generation units, managing demand within microgrids, and incorporating small-scale renewable energy sources. The goal of this model is to minimize various costs associated with energy losses, electricity purchases, load reduction, distributed generation operations, and battery costs over a 24-hour period. Simulations conducted on a test system demonstrate that the proposed model is effective, achieving up to a 20% reduction in microgrid operational costs. This approach provides an effective framework for enhancing the flexibility and efficiency of microgrid energy management, and the findings indicate that it outperforms comparative methods by a margin of at least 8%, demonstrating its effectiveness in improving critical indices in the microgrid system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
169 - Broken Conductor Fault Detection in Transmission Lines Connected to Renewable Energy-Based Microgrids
Hamid Reza Safa Ali Asghar GhadimiThe connection of renewable energy-based microgrids in transmission lines has significantly increased recently. The presence of REMs, along with the advantages they provide, also leads to problems from different aspects of operation, control, and protection in transmiss MoreThe connection of renewable energy-based microgrids in transmission lines has significantly increased recently. The presence of REMs, along with the advantages they provide, also leads to problems from different aspects of operation, control, and protection in transmission lines. The direct connection of REMs in the form of T-off in the transmission lines and without the construction of a substation, causes a severe disturbance in the performance of the protection algorithms of the line protection relays. This paper presents a fault detection method in transmission lines connected to REMs for early detection of Broken Conductor Fault (BCF) based on the information of one side of the line (the sending terminal) and using the teaching-learning artificial neural networks (ANNs). The neural network considered in this study is a combination of convolutional neural network and long short-term memory (CNN-LSTM). The hybrid model includes a Conv1D layer with 64 filters and a kernel size of 3, a MaxPooling1D layer, two LSTM layers with 32 units, a Dropout layer and a Dense layer with one unit and sigmoid activation. The necessary data for training the desired ANN have been extracted from the simulation of the main network and the implementation of various fault scenarios in MATLAB/Simulink software, and finally the considered ANN model has been programmed and modeled in the Python software environment. According to the simulation results, the accuracy of the extracted model in detecting the BCF in this proposed topology is estimated to be about 99.73%. The successful results presented in the test and evaluation results section confirm the optimal performance of the proposed algorithm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
170 - Unit Commitment Planning Under Uncertainty and Fuel Cost Volatility with Economical and Emission Reduction Objective
Mahyar Abasi Javad Ebrahimi Sajad Bagheri Moaiad Mohseni Alireza Niknam Kumlah Mahmood JoorabianThe mismatch between production and consumption and concern for providing the energy needed in the power grid has always been one of the problems of grid operators. Also, large-scale electricity production has always been a costly and polluting industry. Therefore, engi MoreThe mismatch between production and consumption and concern for providing the energy needed in the power grid has always been one of the problems of grid operators. Also, large-scale electricity production has always been a costly and polluting industry. Therefore, engineers and power generation companies have always been looking for a cheap and clean way to generate power so that they can overcome the power imbalance and ensure stability and the allowed level of pollutants in the network. The most common sources used in the power grid to generate power are gas and thermal units, these units enter the circuit faster and, of course, have a higher production cost. When to use thermal units and when to use gas units in the network is a complex issue, which depends on various factors such as peak time, fuel price and gas supply network conditions. None of these things are certain in their true state. Therefore, in this article, the uncertainty of gas sources and the variability of gas prices in the problem of the participation of power plant units in the power system have been modeled and analyzed by GAMS software. Also, the mixed integer non-linear programming solution method has been used to solve the problem. The results show that if there is uncertainty in the gas sources, there is a greater tendency to use other power plants in the network in order to maintain the security and stability of the network. Manuscript profile
Sanad
Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications
Links
Related Centers
Technical Support
Official pages
The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024