Analysis and Evaluation of Hybrid Cooperative Frequency Control for Micro Grids in Islanding Mode in Case of Solar Panel Outage and Load Variation
Subject Areas :
environmental management
maryam rahmani
1
(
M.Sc. Student of electrical engineering department, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran.
)
faramarz faghihi
2
(
Assistant Professor academic member of electrical engineering department, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran. *(Corresponding Author)
)
babak mozafari
3
(
Associate professor academic member of electrical engineering department, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran.
)
Received: 2016-12-19
Accepted : 2019-02-16
Published : 2019-09-23
Keywords:
Frequency Control,
Micro Grid,
Cooperative Control,
Solar panel,
Battery Energy Storage System,
Abstract :
Background and Objective: This paper proposes frequency control of micro grids in islanding mode with expected scenarios. Micro grids are able to operate in islanding mode. One of the most important difficulties for micro grid in islanding mode is frequency instability or frequency fluctuation. Method: For rapid Frequency Control, power balance between generation and consumption should be provided momentary which can be achieved with ESS like batteries. Battery station with power electronics devices interface (BESS) due to having very fast dynamic response well designed can lead to improve frequency stability via absorption or injection of active power. Normally to achieve maximum usage of battery capacity considering available charge, choosing efficient control method is so crucial. Two different scenarios are considered to prove of efficiency of proposes cooperative control method using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. In the first scenario on islanding mode micro grid is studied in case of load variation but in another scenario both solar panel outage and load variation solar occurrence are simulated. Findings: In both scenarios, the proposed control method is simulated by changing the load and solar cell outflow. It was observed that the frequency oscillations were attenuated by a few tens of seconds and at the same time the battery returned to its minimum value after power was applied. It also keeps the voltage deviations within its normal range. By adjusting the control coefficients, this damping process for frequency fluctuations can be improved. Discussion and conclusion: A new cooperative frequency control method is introduced by combination of frequency control strategy and battery energy storage system via diesel generator attendance, the suggested method presents an efficient method during islanding mode operation of micro grid for frequency fluctuation considering minimum requested power of BESS, provide setting of control coefficients causes improvement of damping rate as well.
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Sao, C., Lehn, P., April 2005.Control and power management of converter fed microgrid. IEEE Transactions on Power Syst., vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 1009–1016.
Nikkhajoei, H., Iravani, R., 2007.Steady-state model and power flow analysis of electronically-coupled distributed resource units.IEEE Trans. on Power Del., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 721–728.
Chen, Ch., Wang, Y., Lai, et al, 2010.Design of parallel inverters for smooth mode transfer microgrid applications. IEEE Trans. on Power Electron., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 6–16, 2010.
Katiraei, F., Iravani, R., Hatziargyriou, N., Dimeas, A., 2008.Microgrids management. Power and Energy Magazine, IEEE, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 54 –65.
Amorim, A.,Cardoso, L., Oyarzabal, J., et al, 2005.Analysis of the connection of a micro turbine to a low voltage grid, Int. Conf. Future Power System ,pp.16–18.
Saha, A., Chowdhury, C., Chowdhury, S., et al, 2009.Modeling and performance analysis of a micro turbine as a distributed energy resource, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 529–538.
Zbiniew, L., Janusz, W., 2007.Supervisory control of a wind farm, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 985–994.
Teleke, S., Baran, M., Huang, A., Bhattacharya, S., et al, 2009.Control strategies for battery energy storage for wind farm dispatching, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 725–73.
Abbey. C., Joos, G., 2007.Supercapacitor energy storage for wind energy applications, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 769–776.
Pascal, M., Rachid, C., et al, 2009.Optimizing a battery energy storage system for frequency control application in an isolated power system, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 1469–1477.
Tripathy, S., Kalantar, M., et al, 1991.Dynamic and stability of wind and diesel turbine generators with superconductingmagnetic energy storage unit on an isolated power system, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 579–585.
Kim, A., Seo, H., et al, 2010.Operating characteristic analysis of HTS SMES for frequency stabilization of dispersed power generation system, IEEE Trans. Appl. Superconductivity, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 1334–1338.
Thounthong, P., Rael, S., 2009.Analysis of supercapacitor as second source based on fuel cell power generation, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 247–255.
Yunwei, L., Mahinda, D., Poh, V., et al, 2004.Design, analysis, and real-time testing of a controller for multibus microgrid system, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 1195–1204.
Li, W., Kao, C., 2009.An accurate power control strategy for power electronics-interfaced distributed generation units operating in a low voltage multi bus micro grid, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 24, no. 12, pp. 2977–2988.
Tanabe, T., Suzuki, S., Ueda, et al, 2009.Control performance verification of power system stabilizer with an EDLC in islanded micro grid, IEEE Trans. Power and Energy, vol. 129, no. 1, pp. 139–147.
Lopes, J., Moreira, C., et al, 2006.Defining control strategies for micro grids islanded operation,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 916–924.
Thounthong, P., Rael, P., Davat, B., March 2009. Analysis of super capacitor as second source based on fuel cell power generation. IEEE Trans. Energy Convers. vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 247–255.
Xu, Y., Zhang, W., Hug, et al, 2015.Cooperative control of distributed energy storage systems in a microgrid,
IEEE Trans. Smart Grid., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 238–248.
Lopes, J., Moreira, C., Madureira, A., May 2006.Defining control strategies for microgrids islanded operation. IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 916–924.
Teleke, S., Baran, M., Huang, A., Bhattacharya, S., Anderson, L., Septemner 2009.Control strategies for battery energy storage for wind farm
