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Open Access Article
1 - Exploring Students' Perspectives of Social factors in Academic Stress Experience
Ali Shakoori Zahra Raji Seyyed Mehdi Sarkeshikiyan -
Open Access Article
2 - The Efficacy of LEARN's Multifaceted Intervention on the Level of Perceived Stress in Women Who Are on the Verge of Divorce
Parinaz Banisi Ghanbar Ali Delfan Azari Amir Yagubi Parnian Farhadi afshar -
Open Access Article
3 - The Relationship of Type D Personality and its Components with Perceived Stress in Students in Tabriz University
samereh asadimajareh abas bakhshiporrodsari hamid poursharifiThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and the components of Type D Personality: the negative affect, and social inhibition. The research method was descriptive. The statistical population consisted of 11000 male and female MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and the components of Type D Personality: the negative affect, and social inhibition. The research method was descriptive. The statistical population consisted of 11000 male and female undergraduate students in the University of Tabriz. A sample of 275 (187 female & 88 male) students with type D personality were selected by cluster random sampling method from among the students. They were asked to complete 16 questions of Type D Personality Scale (Denolet, 1998) and 10 questions of Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, 1988). The results of regression analysis showed that from the two components, negative affect was good predictor of perceived stress (P < 0.01 ( . Based on these findings, it was concluded that people with type D personality experience high level of perceived stress and both negative affect and social inhibition correlate with higher perceived stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Group Training on Perceived Stress in Women with Breast Cancer in Isfahan
مهتاب شصت فولادی غلامرضا منشئیThe aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of emotion regulation group training on perceived stress symptoms in women with breast cancer. The research was semi- experimental with pre-test – posttest design and a follow-up. The population included all MoreThe aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of emotion regulation group training on perceived stress symptoms in women with breast cancer. The research was semi- experimental with pre-test – posttest design and a follow-up. The population included all the women who were diagnosed with less-than-a-year breast cancer. From among them, thirty women, who were referred to the Charity Center in Isfahan, volunteered to participate in the study, were sampled, and were randomly assigned to experimental group and control group. The former received emotion regulation group training, while the latter did not receive any training. The experimental group received training in 8 sessions (two 45-minute sessions a week). All participants answered the items related to stress in Depressive Anxiety Stress Scale-21 before and after training. Analysis of covariance was used to analyse data. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the scores of experimental group and those of control group (P<0.05). Therefore, emotion regulation group training significantly reduced the symptoms of perceived stress in women with breast cancer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The effect of family communication patterns on quality of life through perceived stress
Hasan Rezaei_Jamaloei shima mansourifarThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of family communication patterns on quality of life mediated by perceived stress in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in patients. The research method was cross-sectional correlation using structural equation modeling. MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of family communication patterns on quality of life mediated by perceived stress in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in patients. The research method was cross-sectional correlation using structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all people with inflammatory bowel disease in Isfahan in 1399, from which 331 subjects were selected by convenience sampling. In this study, family communication model tools (Alcalaa et al, 2004): Quality of Life of Inflammatory Bowel Patients (Fitzpatrick & Koener, 2004) and Perceived Stress Questionnaire (Cohen & Williamson, 1988) were used. Lisrel-V8.8 software was used to analyze the data. Findings showed that the dialogue component has a positive effect on quality of life and a negative effect on perceived stress and compliance component has a negative effect on quality of life and a positive effect on perceived stress (p< 0/05). Findings also showed that family communication patterns through perceived stress have an indirect and significant effect on the quality of life of inflammatory bowel patients (p< 0/05). Based on the findings of this study, it can be said that life stress has an important role in the quality of life of inflammatory bowel patients and it is useful to consider these psychological variables in the training, prevention and treatment of psychiatric patients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Comparison of The Effects of Stress Management and Cognitive Emotion Regulation on Perceived Stress and Occupational Accidents of Employees of Isfahan Electricity Distribution Company
Ali Iravani ahmad ghazanfari Maryam ChoramiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and comparison of stress management and cognitive emotion regulation on perceived stress and accidents caused by employees in the field of operation of Isfahan Electricity Distribution Company in 1397. The r MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and comparison of stress management and cognitive emotion regulation on perceived stress and accidents caused by employees in the field of operation of Isfahan Electricity Distribution Company in 1397. The research, experimental, and statistical Society included all operating personnel. The sample was randomly assigned to 60 people and randomly assigned to 20 people in each of the experimental and control groups. The measurement tool was Cohen et al. (1983) Perceived Stress Questionnaire and a Labor-Invented Research Questionnaire (1397). Two training programs on stress management and cognitive emotion regulation were administered for 8 sessions for experimental groups and the control group was observed. Variables were measured 3 times (pre-test, post-test and follow-up) and the data were collected. The results with the help of statistical tests of mixed variance analysis and post-bin Ferroni comparison the main effect of the group was significant for the perceived negative stress variable (P≥0.01). The stress management training program had a significant effect on negative perceived stress (P<0.01). Educational programs did not have a significant effect on the variable of the accident caused by work. Research results can be a basis for teaching stress management and cognitive emotion regulation in organizations . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Role of Nostaligia Proneness, Mental Pain and Temporal Experience of Plaeasure in Perceived Stress Reactivity in Studens Experiencing Romantic Breakup
Azadeh FarghadaniThe aim of this study was to investigate the predictive contribution of nostalgia proneness, mental pain and temporal experience of pleasure in perceived stress reactivity. The research method was correlational and the research included all students with romantic breaku MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the predictive contribution of nostalgia proneness, mental pain and temporal experience of pleasure in perceived stress reactivity. The research method was correlational and the research included all students with romantic breakup at Saveh Islamic Azad University. From this community, 162 students with symptoms of love trauma were selected using purposive sampling method. They were asked to fill out the questionnaires of reactivity to perceived stress (Shulz, Jansen & Schlotz, 2006), nostalgia proneness (Havlena & Holak, 2006), mental pain (Orbach & Mikulincer (2003) and temporal experience of pleasure (Gard, 2006). Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation and stepwise regression. Findings indicated a negative role of confusion and emotional turmoil (dimensions of mental pain) in increasing reactivity to perceived stress (p<0.01) and a positive role of nostalgia proneness in reducing reactivity to perceived stress (p<0.01). Therefore, it can be seen that regardless of the negative role of the feeling of emptiness in intensifying people's reactions to stress, it is the past positive experiences and feelings that can, as a psychological source and support, improve people's conditions in stressful situations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The effectiveness of Schema Therapy on Perceived Stress and Negative Affect in Coronary Heart patients
salman zarei khadijeh fooladvandThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of schema therapy on negative affect and perceived stress in coronary heart patients. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of the MoreThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of schema therapy on negative affect and perceived stress in coronary heart patients. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all coronary heart patients referring to Jamaran hospital in Tehran in 2018 which were selected by purposeful sampling method. 30 of them were selected and randomly assigned into two groups of experimental (15 subjects) and control (15 subjects). Data were collected using the Denollet Negative Affect Inventory (1998) and Cohen et al. Perceived Stress Scale (1983). After the pre-test, intervention (Schema Therapy) was given to the experimental group in 10 sessions with duration of 50 minutes. At the end of group Schema Therapy program, post-test was taken from both groups. Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance test. The findings showed that by controlling the effect of the pretest between the means of the posttest for the experimental and the control group, there was a significant difference between the variables of perceived stress (F=17/897) and negative affect (F=16/082) at P<0/01 level. Based on the results of the present study, the application of this method can be useful in planning therapeutic interventions in cardiovascular. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The Relationship of Body Image, Quality of Life and Perceived Stress with Eating Disorder in Male and Female Students
Yousef Salehi Asl Farah NaderiThe Research was intended to examine the relationship of body image, quality of life and perceived stress with eating disorder in male and female students among the girl and boy students of fourth grade high school in Behbahan.200 students were selected randomly as test MoreThe Research was intended to examine the relationship of body image, quality of life and perceived stress with eating disorder in male and female students among the girl and boy students of fourth grade high school in Behbahan.200 students were selected randomly as test sample (100 boys and 100 girls). The research was a correlation type. Body Image Inventory (BICI), Quality of Life Questionnaire (WhOQOL) Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Ahwaz Eating Disorder Inventory (AEDI) were implemented as data source. To analyze the data Pearson correlation coefficient and multi variables regression analysis were applied as main statistical procedure. The results indicated that there was positive significant correlation between body image and eating disorder concerning anorexia and hyperorexia. The results also showed that there was negative significant relationship between quality of life and eating disorder. The perceived stress was associated positively and significantly with eating disorder as well. The regression analysis also demonstrated that body image and quality of life significantly well predicated the eating disorder in the students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Effectiveness Of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction Training On Mental Health And Perceived Stress In Mothers With ADHD Children
Sepideh Pourheydari Soodabeh Basaknejad Iran Davoodi Mohsen Doustkam Zahra Sadat Bagher-zadeh AnsariThe main propose of current research was studying the effectiveness of mindfulness based stress reduction training on mental health and perceived stress in mothers of ADHD children in Ahwaz. This study was semi-experimental with pretest-post test and control group MoreThe main propose of current research was studying the effectiveness of mindfulness based stress reduction training on mental health and perceived stress in mothers of ADHD children in Ahwaz. This study was semi-experimental with pretest-post test and control group. The sample included 32 mothers having a child with ADHD and were divided to experimental and control group randomly. Each group members fulfilled Mental Health Questionnaire (Goldberg & Hiller, 1992) and Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, 1983) before intervention. Then, the experimental group participated in 8 mindfulness based stress reduction sessions during 2 months. After terminating intervention, both groups had the post test. Based on results from ANCOVA (P> 0/001), two groups were significantly different; mentioning that mindfulness based stress reduction training resulted the increasing of mental health and decreasing the perceived stress in mothers with ADHD children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Causal Model of the Relationship Between Cognitive Regulation of Emotion and Perceived Stress and the Mediating Role of Family Resilience of Tohid Hospital Nurses
moluk nosratiThe aim of the current research was to investigate the causal model of the relationship between the cognitive regulation of emotion and perceived stress and the mediating role of family resilience of the nurses at Towheed Hospital. In terms of purpose, the present study MoreThe aim of the current research was to investigate the causal model of the relationship between the cognitive regulation of emotion and perceived stress and the mediating role of family resilience of the nurses at Towheed Hospital. In terms of purpose, the present study was applied, and in terms of methodology, it was a correlation of the structural equation model. The statistical population of this research includes 210 nurses at Towheed Hospital, of which 144 were selected as a sample using available sampling method. To collect data, three standard questionnaires of Family Resilience Assessment Scale by Sixbey (2005), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire by Berking and Znoj (2008b), and Perceived Stress Questionnaire by Fliege et al. (2005) were used. In order to analyze the data, the structural equation model approach was used using two software PLS and SPSS. The results indicated that cognitive regulation has a negative and significant effect on perceived stress (a=0.001); Cognitive regulation has a positive and significant effect on family resilience (a=0.001); Family resilience had a negative and significant effect on perceived stress (a=0.001) and the mediating effect of family resilience on perceived stress was confirmed (a=0.001). According to the results of the research, emotional regulation skills and family resilience can be used to reduce the perceived stress of nurses.IntroductionStress and psychological pressure can affect the capacity, professional relationships and overall performance of occupation. In the way that stress at work can be harmful to nurses' psychological well-being, while resilience can act as a protective factor against personal attack or threat at work (Bogaerts et al, 2021). According to research (Labrague, 2021), the increase in stress related to the epidemic is associated with a decrease in psychological well-being.There is growing research interest in investigating why some nurses are able to do this well; But others cannot when they all face similar problems and challenges during their program. Various studies have confirmed the vital role of resilience in protecting a person's mental health against the adverse consequences of any stressful and traumatic situation (Li and Hasson, 2020; Sanderson and Brewer, 2017). Meanwhile, the ability to regulate emotion can be understood as the ability to effectively deal with negative emotions with the help of emotion regulation skills. Emotion regulation skills, emotion acceptance skills, and emotion resilience skills have been identified as important subsets of overall emotion regulation ability (Berking & Znoj, 2008). On the other hand, in situations of extreme stress or even experiencing a crisis (such as becoming a victim of a disaster), the family must have resilience (MacPhee, Lunkenheimer, & Riggs, 2015), the ability to survive and in the event of a disaster return to the initial state (Walsh, 2002). As a result, the problem of the present research was to test the mediating relationship of family resilience in the relationship between emotional skills and perceived stress of nurses.MethodologyIn terms of purpose, the present research is applied, and in terms of methodology, it is a structural equation model. The statistical population of this research includes 210 nurses of Tawheed Hospital, of which 144 were selected as a sample using available sampling. In order to collect data, three standard questionnaires of Sikbi family resilience (2005), emotion regulation questionnaire-27 (Berking et al, 2008b) and perceived stress questionnaire (Fliege et al, 2005) were used. To analyze the data, Pearson's correlation coefficient and structural equation model were used using SPSS and PLS software.ResultsThe results obtained from the structural equation model showed that cognitive regulation has a positive and direct effect on family resilience (T=7.347, β=0.445, P˂0.05) and cognitive regulation has a negative and significant effect on perceived stress (770 T=3.0, β=-0.247, P˂0.05) and family resilience had a negative and significant effect on perceived stress (T=6.456, β=-0.492, P˂0.05). Also, cognitive regulation towards perceived stress with the mediating role of family resilience (T=4.807, β=0.219, P˂0.05) have a negative and significant effect.The study of the effect coefficient of cognitive regulation on perceived stress showed that this path coefficient was estimated at -0.24. That is, cognitive regulation has a negative and significant effect on perceived stress. Investigating the effect coefficient of cognitive regulation on family resilience showed that this path coefficient was estimated at 0.44. That is, cognitive regulation has a positive and significant effect on family resilience. Investigating the effect coefficient of cognitive regulation on perceived stress showed that this path coefficient was estimated at -0.49. That is, family resilience has a negative and significant effect on perceived stress. The mediating effect of family resilience in relation to cognitive regulation on perceived stress was confirmed. In the special way and included in this hypothesis, the amount of indirect effect of cognitive regulation on perceived stress is estimated as -22.discussionThe purpose of this research was to better understand the factors affecting perceived stress, including the model of cognitive regulation of emotion and family resilience of Tawheed Hospital nurses. Based on the obtained results, cognitive regulation has a negative and significant effect on perceived stress. Also, cognitive regulation has a positive and significant effect on family resilience.In explaining these results, it can be said that nurses who have cognitive emotion regulation skills have capabilities and skills that make them resistant to work problems and negative effects of the work environment, including stress. These people, having appropriate communication and emotional skills, try to have a positive reaction to the psychological pressures of the work environment, including stress, by expanding their social relationships and circle of friends. It can also be said that resilient people feel less stress due to positive motivation and acceptance of difficulty in the work environment. Resilience is actually a skill in which a person adapts positively to adversity, and this issue itself leads to mental well-being and increased work performance; As a result, it is reasonable to accept that resilience will lead to the reduction of psychological pressures, including stress. One of the limitations of this research was the use of questionnaires and quantitative data and the lack of measurement of qualitative variables affecting nurses' perceived stress. Based on the obtained results, it is suggested that the managers and officials of the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Sciences prioritize the implementation of cognitive regulation interventions of emotion and resilience in the work environment in hospital departments in order to reduce the stress of nurses.ConclusionThe results of this research show the importance of family resilience in relation to the cognitive regulation of nurses' emotions and stress. In fact, resilient people can act as a protector against stress and mental pressure in hospital environments. As a result, resilience is a factor that can help reduce nurses' stress through cognitive regulation of emotions.AcknowledgementsWe would like to thank all the nurses of Tawheed Hospital who helped us in conducting this research.FundingNo financial aid was received from any institution or organization in conducting this research.Ethics approval and consent to participateIn conducting this research, informed consent of nurses and research ethics have been observed.Conflict interestsThe author declares that this work has not been published elsewhere and has not been submitted to another publication at the same time.ReferencesBerking, M., & Znoj, H. (2008). Entwicklung und Validierung eines Fragebogens zur standardisierten Selbsteinschätzung emotionaler Kompetenzen (SEK-27) [Development and validation of a selfreport measure for the assessment of emotional regulation skills (SEK-27)]. Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie, Psychologie und Psychotherapie, 56(2), 141–153.Bogaerts, S, van Woerkom, M, Erbaş, Y, De Caluwé, E, Garofalo, C, Frowijn, I, Jeandarme, I, Masthoff, E, & Janković, M. (2021). Associations Between Resilience, Psychological Well-Being, Work-Related Stress and Covid-19 Fear in Forensic Healthcare Workers Using a Network Analysis. Front Psychiatry, 11;12:678895.Fliege, H., Rose, M., Arck, P., Walter, O., Kocalevent, R.-D., Weber, C., & Klapp, B. (2005). The Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) Reconsidered: Validation and reference values from different clinical and healthy adult samples. Psychosomatic Medicine, 67, 78–88.Labrague, L. J. (2021). Resilience as a mediator in the relationship between stress-associated with the Covid-19 pandemic, life satisfaction, and psychological well-being in student nurses: A cross-sectional study. Nurse Education in Practice, 56, 103182. Li, Z.S., & Hasson, F., (2020). Resilience, stress and psychological well-being in nursing students: a systematic review. Nurse Educ, 90, 1–13.MacPhee, D., Lunkenheimer, E., & Riggs, N. (2015). Resilience as regulation of developmental and family processes. Fam Relat, 64(1), 153–175.Sanderson, B., & Brewer, M., (2017). What do we know about student resilience in health professional education? A scoping review of the literature. Nurse Educ, Today 58, 65–71.Walsh, F. (2002). A family resilience framework: innovative practice applications. Family Relations, 51(20), 130-138. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - A Comparison of the Effectiveness of Mindful Acceptance of Self Therapy and Positive Psychotherapy on Perceived Stress of Female Students with Depression
Mohsen Golparvar Azar Kazemi Hamid AtashpourThis study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of mindful acceptance of self-therapy and positive psychotherapy on perceived stress of female students with depression. The study was semi-experimental and research design was three groups with three MoreThis study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of mindful acceptance of self-therapy and positive psychotherapy on perceived stress of female students with depression. The study was semi-experimental and research design was three groups with three stages of pre-test, post-test and follow-up. The statistical population of the study was depressed female students in Isfahan city in the fall of 2019. From the mentioned statistical population, 54 female students were selected purposefully based on the inclusion criteria, and then 18 people were randomly assigned in two experimental-groups and one control group. Cohen et al.’s perceived stress scale (1983) was used to measure dependent variable in pre-test, post-test and follow-up. The experimental groups received mindful acceptance of self-therapy and positive psychotherapy during ten 90-minute sessions. The data was analyzed through repeated measure variance analysis and Bonferroni post hoc test. The results showed that there was a significant difference in perceived stress between mindful acceptance of self-therapy and positive psychotherapy with the control group in post-test and follow-up (p<0.01). There was no significant difference between the two treatments in perceived stress (p>0.05). Given that both mindful acceptance of self-therapy and positive psychotherapy are effective treatments for reducing perceived stress in female students, these two therapies can reduce the symptoms associated with depression that result from perceived stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - The relationship between perceived stress, hardiness and happiness with social adjustment on female students of Payamnoor University
marzieh talebzadehshoshtariThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived stress, hardiness and happiness with social adjustment in female students of Payam Noor University of Baghmalek city. In this research, the statistical population all of female students of P MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived stress, hardiness and happiness with social adjustment in female students of Payam Noor University of Baghmalek city. In this research, the statistical population all of female students of Payam-e-Noor University of Baghmaolek in the 1396 who about 1400 people. The sample of this study, which consisted of 300 students, was selected on the basis of simple random sampling method. The instrument was used Perceptual Stress Questionnaire of Safar zadeh (2000), hardiness of Ahvaz (1377), Happiness of Argyle (1989), and Social Adjustment Questionnaire Bell (1989). The present study was a correlation. The results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between perceived stress and the level of social adjustment in students. There is a significant positive correlation between hardiness and social adjustment in students. There is a significant positive correlation between happiness and social adjustment in students. Happiness variable with beta coefficient of 0/21, hardiness variable with beta coefficient of 0/25 can be positive and significant and the perceived stress with beta coefficient of 0/21 can negatively and significantly affect social adjustment in students to predict. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The prediction model of psychological well-being based on resilience and cognitive emotional regulation with mediate role of perceived stress
Farzaneh Hasanzadeh Namin Javid Peymani Tahereh Ranjbaripour Khadijeh Abolmaali AlhoseiniThis research aimed to investigate the prediction model of psychological well-being based on resilience and cognitive emotional regulation with mediate role of perceived stress. The study design was cross-sectional from type of correlation. The statistical population wa MoreThis research aimed to investigate the prediction model of psychological well-being based on resilience and cognitive emotional regulation with mediate role of perceived stress. The study design was cross-sectional from type of correlation. The statistical population was undergraduate girl students at the universities of Tehran in 2017-18 academic years which 382 people were selected as a sample by randomly multistage sampling method. The research instruments was the questionnaires of psychological well-being (Ryff, 1989), resilience (Connor & Davidson, 2003), cognitive emotional regulation (Garnefski & et al, 2001) and perceived stress (Cohen & et al, 1983). The data was analyzed by structural equation modeling method. The findings showed that the variables of resilience and positive and negative cognitive emotional regulation strategies had a direct and indirect (with mediate perceived stress) effect on psychological well-being of girl students. The variable of perceived stress was the proper mediator between resilience and cognitive emotional regulation with psychological well-being of girl students and the model fitted well (P Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Perceived Stress, Body Image and Quality of Life in women with breast cancer
Sara Mohammadizadeh javad khalatbari Hasan ahadi hamid reza hatamiBackground and Aim: Cancer affects many different aspects of' patients' lives and even their caregivers and those around them because this disease changes people's quality of life and forces them to live with a double burden. The objective of this study was to evaluate MoreBackground and Aim: Cancer affects many different aspects of' patients' lives and even their caregivers and those around them because this disease changes people's quality of life and forces them to live with a double burden. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of of acceptance and commitment Therapy on perceived stress, body image and quality of life in women with breast cancer.Method: The method of this research is semi experimental that was carried out by using a pre-test-post-test design with the control group. 30 women with cancer in Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital were selected using convenience sampling and randomly assigned in two groups to the experimental and control group. The groups were tested before and after training with Fisher's body image questionnaire, Cohen's perceived stress scale and the World Health Organization quality of life (short form). Data analysis was performed using statistical method of analysis of covariance.Findings: The findings showed that acceptance and commitment therapy was effective on body image, quality of life and perceived stress.Conclusion: The results of this study show that acceptance and commitment therapy can be used as an independent intervention along with other therapies to reduce perceived stress, improve quality of life and body image of women with cancer.Keywords: Commitment and Acceptance Therapy, Quality of Life, Perceived Stress, Body Image, Cancer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Effectiveness of the Process of Creative Problem Solving in improving Public Health and Reduce Perceived Stress to Drug-dependent People
Leila Shokouhi AmirabadiPurpose: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of the process of creative problem solving (CPS) in improving public health and reducing perceived stress to drug-dependent Persons. Method: Ina semi-experimental study, 46 individuals who had st MorePurpose: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of the process of creative problem solving (CPS) in improving public health and reducing perceived stress to drug-dependent Persons. Method: Ina semi-experimental study, 46 individuals who had started Methadone treatment in the drug-abuse treatment center in Tehran divided into an experimental (23 subjects) and a control (23 subjects) group. The experimental group under went eight 60 minutes sessions of creative problem solving process training and the control group did not receive any particular treatment. All participants completed the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and Perceived stress scale (Pss 10) at the beginning of the study, end of cognitive-behavioral group therapy period and three months following the completion of treatment and underwent urine tests for morphine. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Covariance Test. Results: Covariate results showed significant difference in improving General Health and reducing perceived stress of two groups. Conclusion: Creative Problem Solving Process Training is effective in the improvement of General Health and reduction of perceived stress to drug-dependent people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - The Effectiveness of Parent-Child Relationship Education on Perceived Stress and Psychological Well-Being in Mothers with Mentally Retarded Children
Mehri Rostamnezhad Shabnam Hajizadeh koli Roghayeh Eslamnia Leila Mohammadhoseini Sorosh AlimardaniPurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of parent-child relationship education on perceived stress and psychological well-being in mothers with mentally retarded children. Methodology: The statistical population of the study included all mot MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of parent-child relationship education on perceived stress and psychological well-being in mothers with mentally retarded children. Methodology: The statistical population of the study included all mothers who were active members in supporting Tehran's disabled and mentally retarded children. Of these, 30 mothers with mentally retarded children who met the inclusion criteria were selected by available sampling method. They were randomly assigned to experimental groups (n = 15) and control group (n = 15). Then, the experimental group received 10 sessions of parent-child relationship training and the control group did not receive any intervention. Participants were assessed using the Cohen`s Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), Ryff`s Being- Well Psychological of Scales. Data were analyzed by SPSS23 software. Findings: The results of the study using repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the experimental and control groups in the post-test and follow-up stages were significantly different in terms of both variables (P <0.05) and based on the results of Table 3, 35.0%. Perceived stress changes and 14.4% of psychological well-being changes are due to the intervention method, ie teaching the parent-child relationship. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be said that parent-child relationship education has been effective in reducing perceived stress and increasing psychological well-being in mothers with mentally retarded children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - The Mediating Role of Self-Compassion in the Relationship between Perceived Stress and Body Image with the Mental Well-Being of Female Athletes in Tehran
Shadi Kabiri Aghziarat Afsaneh Taheri Khadijeh Abul MaaliPurpose: Mental well-being can play an adaptive role in facing adverse and stressful conditions, so the aim of the research was the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between perceived stress and body image with the mental well-being of female athlete MorePurpose: Mental well-being can play an adaptive role in facing adverse and stressful conditions, so the aim of the research was the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between perceived stress and body image with the mental well-being of female athletes in Tehran. Methodology: The research was applied in terms of purpose and from the point of view of data collection, it was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population was all female athletes who referred to sports clubs in Tehran in 2019, age range (20-50 years). 250 people by method Available sampling was selected. The research tools included Diener et al.'s Mental Well-Being Questionnaire (1985), Cohen, Komark and Marmelstein's Perceived Stress Questionnaire (1983) and Winstead and Janda's Body Image Concern Questionnaire (1987). Data were analyzed using Spearman's correlation method and path analysis using spss and PLS software. Findings: In general, the path analysis showed that self-compassion played a mediating role in the path of body image to well-being, the results showed that perceived stress and self-compassion could predict mental well-being, also the path analysis showed that self-compassion In the path between perceived stress and mental well-being, it did not have the ability to play a mediating role. It played a mediating role in the path of body image to well-being. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that strategies that increase self-compassion can provide a better picture of body image and increase the mental well-being of female athletes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - The Effectiveness of Multivariate Intervention on Perceived Stress and Emotional Adaptation of Women on Divorce Referring to Social Emergency
Parinaz BanisiPurpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Lerner multifaceted intervention on perceived stress and emotional adjustment of women in the vicinity of divorce referring to social emergency. Methodology: The purpose of this study was applied, semi-e MorePurpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Lerner multifaceted intervention on perceived stress and emotional adjustment of women in the vicinity of divorce referring to social emergency. Methodology: The purpose of this study was applied, semi-experimental, pre-test and post-test. The statistical population of the study included 300 divorced women who referred to the Social Welfare Emergency of the country. Cluster sampling was used to select the sample. Data were collected using Cohen's (1983) Perceived Stress Questionnaire on 5-point scale and reliability coefficient of 0.79, Bell's Emotional Adaptation Questionnaire (1961) on 3-point scale, and reliability coefficient of 0.81, and holding Lerner course during 8 One and a half sessions were held for the experimental group. Data were analyzed using MANCOVA multivariate analysis of covariance and ANCOVA univariate analysis of covariance. Findings: The results showed that Lerner polyhedral intervention was effective on perceived stress and emotional adjustment of women in divorce, thus reducing perceived stress (41.6% effect) and increasing emotional adjustment in women. Divorce (37% effect). Conclusion: Lerner multivariate intervention is effective on perceived stress and emotional adjustment of women in divorce. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Comparison of scheme therapy and cognitive group therapy on women`s perceived stress with high risky sexual behavior
Akbar Hemmati Sabet Shokouh Navabi Nejad Javad KhalatbariThe aim of this study was to compare scheme therapy and cognitive group therapy on women`s perceived stress with high risk sexual behaviors referring to Hamadan health center. This is a semi-experimental study on single stage cluster sampling .The statistical sample con MoreThe aim of this study was to compare scheme therapy and cognitive group therapy on women`s perceived stress with high risk sexual behaviors referring to Hamadan health center. This is a semi-experimental study on single stage cluster sampling .The statistical sample consisted of 500 women with high risk sexual behaviors referring to health center for AIDS test The psychologists and a physician did diagnostic interview and 217 subjects were randomly chosen using sample volume formula and stress, anxiety and depression scales were run. 85 subjects were diagnosed to have stress of whom 45 were chosen randomly and divided into three groups of 15 consisting of two experimental groups and one control group.12 sessions of cognitive group therapy and 12 sessions of scheme therapy were implemented for 90 min of each sessions. At the end of training period, three groups were post-tested and perceived stress components were investigated in pre-test and post-test. The results showed that scheme therapy is more effective than cognitive group therapy on stress of women with high risk sexual behaviors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Investigating the effect of anger management training based on cognitive reconstruction on mental fatigue, perceived stress and emotion regulation of nurses at Shafai Hospital in Urmia
Nazila Aghbolaghi Alinaghi Agdasi Hosein Rostami Ahad AhangarThe present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of anger management training based on cognitive reconstruction on mental fatigue, perceived stress and emotion regulation of nurses at Shafai Hospital in Urmia. The statistical population of t MoreThe present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of anger management training based on cognitive reconstruction on mental fatigue, perceived stress and emotion regulation of nurses at Shafai Hospital in Urmia. The statistical population of the research is made up of the College of Nurses of Shafai Hospital in Urmia, from which 30 people were selected by a purposeful method and were randomly assigned to an experimental group and a control group. The selection of the sample size was done with the help of Cohen's table and based on the power of the test. The design of this research is semi-experimental, with pre-test, post-test and control group. The educational packages include anger management techniques based on cognitive reconstruction, and Yoder's psychological fatigue questionnaire (2010), Watson, Clarke and Telgen's (1988) excitement questionnaire, and Cohen et al.'s (1983) perceived stress scale were used to measure the research variables. The implementation method was in the order that first the subjects were selected by the screening method and were replaced in two experimental and control groups. Before the implementation of the intervention in each group, three questionnaires were administered as a pre-test on the participants of all groups. After that, anger management techniques based on cognitive reconstruction were taught in the experimental group, and finally, the same questionnaires were administered again as a post-test on the participants of both experimental groups. To analyze the data, multivariate analysis of covariance was used in SPSS22 software. According to the findings of the research, the modified mean of the anger management experimental group in perceived stress, mental fatigue and emotion regulation is 30.46, 6.87, 65.88 respectively, and the mean of the control group in these variables is 35.86 respectively. 11/05 and 59/37. The average difference between these two groups in the post-test of the dependent variables of the research is significant at the level of 0.01. Therefore, it can be said that the average of the anger management experimental group is significantly lower than the average of the control group in perceived stress and mental fatigue and higher than the control group in emotion regulation. According to these findings, the research hypothesis is confirmed and it can be said that anger management training based on cognitive restructuring has an effect on perceived stress and mental fatigue and increasing emotion regulation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Comparison of the Effectiveness of Group Anger Management Training Based on Cognitive Reconstructing and Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on Mental Fatigue, Perceived Stress, and Emotion Regulation in Nurses in Urmia
Nazila Aghbolaghi alinaghi aghdasi Hossein Rostami Ahad AhangarThis study intended to compare the effectiveness of group training of anger management based on cognitive reconstructing and mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR) on mental fatigue, perceived stress, and emotion regulation in nurses. The research method was quasi-ex MoreThis study intended to compare the effectiveness of group training of anger management based on cognitive reconstructing and mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR) on mental fatigue, perceived stress, and emotion regulation in nurses. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-, and post-test design and a control group, statistical population included all the nurses of Shafa hospital in Urmia (n=85), among them 45 people were selected through on-hand method and were randomly assigned in two experimental and one control groups (each group 15 people). The research instruments included mental fatigue scale (Feron & Tidel), perceived stress scale (Cohen), and emotions questionnaire (Watson) and anger management based on cognitive reconstructing and MBSR packages. Data analysis was done by one-way analysis of covariance with SPSS software. The findings indicated that MBSR was more effective than anger management based on cognitive reconstructing regarding decreased perceived stress. No significant difference was observed regarding the effectiveness of two methods on both variables of mental fatigue and emotion regulation (in sig level of 0.05). In conclusion, participating in anger management training sessions based on cognitive restructuring and MBSR makes nurses familiar with their feelings, emotions and thoughts and can control their negative emotions, thereby experiencing lower levels of perceived stress and mental fatigue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - The Relationship between Excessive Internet Use and Academic Performance among Students: The Mediating Role of the Perceived Stress
Majid Sadoughi Zahra Mohammad SalehiThe present study aimed to explore the relationship between excessive Internet use and academic performance among students by considering the mediating role of perceived stress. This study was descriptive with correlational design. The statistical population comprised a MoreThe present study aimed to explore the relationship between excessive Internet use and academic performance among students by considering the mediating role of perceived stress. This study was descriptive with correlational design. The statistical population comprised all B.A. students of the University of Kashan in the 2015-16 academic year. Stratified multi-stage sampling based on gender was used to select 288 students (218 females and 70 males). The data collection instruments included Young's Internet addiction test and Cohen’s perceived stress scale. In addition, students’ Grade Point Average (GPA) was considered as the criterion for their academic performance. Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Hierarchical Regression Analysis were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that Internet use had a statistically significant negative relationship with students’ academic performance and can inversely predict it. Moreover, hierarchical regression analysis showed the mediating role of perceived stress in the relationship between Internet use and academic performance. Finding implicitly indicated that excessive Internet use has not only direct adverse health consequences but also indirect negative effects on students’ academic performance through perceived stress. The findings yield significant insights for education practitioners, health specialists, and policy makers in making interventions regarding the excessive and problematic use of the Internet among students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Investigate of Perceived Stress in Divorced Adolescent Girls: A Qualitative Study
beigard nasrollahi Hossein keshavarzafshar Keyvan Salehi fahimeh bahonarThe aim of this study was to investigate the perceived stress of divorced adolescent girls. The research method was phe- nomenological qualitative. The study population consisted of 17 girls under 18 years of age who were selected based on purposive sampling for semi-st MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the perceived stress of divorced adolescent girls. The research method was phe- nomenological qualitative. The study population consisted of 17 girls under 18 years of age who were selected based on purposive sampling for semi-structured interviews and continued until data collection was saturated. The Colaizzi method was used to analyze the data. Data analysis led to the identification of 3 main themes and 53 sub-themes. The results showed that the sources of stress, positive and negative coping strategies, and the consequences of high stress in girls as the three main themes have a wide range. Therefore, divorce, while disrupting the psychological-emotional balance of family members, causes stress about the future lives of people. In such a way that negative strategies and consequences can overshadow their future and endanger their physical and mental health. According to the results of the research, the need for supportive counseling interventions for this spectrum is felt Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Human Nail Selenium and Cadmium Predict Perceived Stress
Chey Dearing Carl D. Paton -
Open Access Article
26 - Forecast of Mental Wellbeing and Public Health Based on the stress perceived by the mediation of his compassion in women athletes in Tehran
shadi Kabiri Aq Ziarat afsaneh taheri khadijeh abolmaali al hoseyniHaving health and vitality with exercise can provide the conditions for different work and activities of the people and succeed in different areas of life, whether professional or family environment. This requires an active life. Well -being refers to a sense of health MoreHaving health and vitality with exercise can provide the conditions for different work and activities of the people and succeed in different areas of life, whether professional or family environment. This requires an active life. Well -being refers to a sense of health that the complete awareness of the integrity and integrity that deals all aspects of the individual was the purpose of this study was to predict mental well -being and public health based on the stress perceived by their compassion in Tehran's athletes. This was a descriptive correlational study performed by structural equations. It was also practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this study was all athletes referred to sports clubs in Tehran. 250 people were selected by available sampling method. Participants responded using a link to the mental well -being questionnaire, the public health questionnaire, their compassion questionnaire and the perceived stress scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation, and path analysis using SPSS and PLS software. In general, path analysis showed that compassion in the direction between stress and mental well -being did not have the ability to mediate. In addition, compassion had no role in the perceived sterile path to general health and body image to public health. And it can be concluded that women athletes probably managed their stress using coping strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Comparison of Psychological needs and perceived stress by C.A.T test and Drawing Family divorced children and normal children
سحر حیاتلو نرگس باباخانیthe purpose of the present study was to compare psychological needs and perceived stress based on children's and children's tests and family drawing tests It was divorced and inaccurate in children. In this comparative study, the statistical Morethe purpose of the present study was to compare psychological needs and perceived stress based on children's and children's tests and family drawing tests It was divorced and inaccurate in children. In this comparative study, the statistical population consisted of primary school children, elementary schools in Tehran, among them 60 children of ordinary families and 60 children living in divorced families, in a non-random manner and in Available as sample and matched. The instruments used in this research were Family Draw Test and Children's Anesthesia Test. The results of square test showed that in all perceived stress variables based on the family drawing test (removal from the drawing, parental removal from the drawing, parenting with distance, deletion of the organs of the body, lack of color variation There was a significant difference between the normal children and the divorce in painting using cold colors (p <0.05). Also, comparing the psychological needs of children based on the children's and children's tests on the variables of the child's matching with the parents, the fear of violence or hostile acts in the child, the independence and dependence on the child, the child's fear of being rejected and staying alone, with 95% confidence between normal children And divorce is statistically significant. But in the other components, the scale of the psychological needs includes the competition of the child with the sister and brother, the reconciliation with the younger brother or sister, the child's conception of parental sexual intercourse, the anxiety and the use of the defense mechanism, the child's perception of kindness and parental punishment, There is no significant difference between normal children and divorce in the toilet, walking, cleaning and parental behavior (p> 0.05). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Effectiveness of education emotion regulation techniques on reducing stress and increasing resilience of student
Roghaie nironamnd kave seydmoradi Alireza Kakavand zahra tavasoliEmotional regulation as the cognitive style of information management Can be an emotional trigger that encompasses a wide range of cognitive, behavioral, emotional, and physiological responses, it Helps to manage or regulate emotions and facilitates one's adaptation to MoreEmotional regulation as the cognitive style of information management Can be an emotional trigger that encompasses a wide range of cognitive, behavioral, emotional, and physiological responses, it Helps to manage or regulate emotions and facilitates one's adaptation to the environment.The purpose of study was determine the effectiveness of education emotional regulation techniques on reducing perceived stress, difficulty in emotional regulation and increasing resilience among students.For this purpose, a pre-test, post-test and follow-up study with a control group, 100 students with high stress and low resilience at Imam Khomeini International University in Qazvin were selected by available sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control group. The members of the experimental group were exposed to the emotion regulation education program during 8 sessions and the control group did not receive any interventions.The analysis of covariance data showed that the education program of emotional regulation significantly decreased the perceived stress, the difficulty of emotional regulation and increasing the resiliency analysis of variance with repeated measurement of data showed that the results were consistent during the follow up period. The results showed that the education of emotional regulation techniques affect the components of genralized stress and distress tolerance and it can be used as an effective interventional method to reduce stress, improve the emotional regulation difficulties, and increase resiliency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Comparison of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy and spiritual therapy on perceived stress, body image and the quality of life of women with breast cancer
Sara Mohammadizadeh Javad Khalatbari Hasan Ahadi Hamid Reza HatamiWomen with breast cancer should be able to deal with the initial impact of receiving news of a cancer diagnosis and its family, social, economic, and personal consequences, as well as the side effects of treatment measures such as changes in physical appearance, changes MoreWomen with breast cancer should be able to deal with the initial impact of receiving news of a cancer diagnosis and its family, social, economic, and personal consequences, as well as the side effects of treatment measures such as changes in physical appearance, changes in roles, and social functioning. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy and spiritual therapy on perceived stress, body image and quality of life of women with breast cancer. For this purpose, during a semi-experimental approach with pretest-posttest with the control group, 60 women with breast cancer were selected as convenience sampling in Tajrish Hospital and randomly divided into four experimental groups (three groups and one control group). The groups were tested before and after training in terms of body image, perceived stress, and quality of life. The results of MANCOVA's analysis showed that cognitive behavioral therapy is more effective than the two other therapies and spiritual therapy is more effective than acceptance and commitment therapy on body image and quality of life; Also, spiritual therapy is more effective than two other therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy is more effective than acceptance and commitment therapy in perceived stress. Cognitive-behavioral therapy seems to be more effective in reducing perceived stress, body image, and quality of life in women with breast cancer than acceptance and commitment therapy and spiritual therapy Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Effectiveness of education emotion regulation techniques on reducing stress and increasing resilience of students
sareh izakiyan bahram mirzaian Seyed Hamze HosseiniEmotional regulation as the cognitive style of information management Can be an emotional trigger that encompasses a wide range of cognitive, behavioral, emotional, and physiological responses, it Helps to manage or regulate emotions and facilitates one's adaptation to MoreEmotional regulation as the cognitive style of information management Can be an emotional trigger that encompasses a wide range of cognitive, behavioral, emotional, and physiological responses, it Helps to manage or regulate emotions and facilitates one's adaptation to the environment.The purpose of study was determine the effectiveness of education emotional regulation techniques on reducing perceived stress, difficulty in emotional regulation and increasing resilience among students.For this purpose, a pre-test, post-test and follow-up study with a control group, 100 students with high stress and low resilience at Imam Khomeini International University in Qazvin were selected by available sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control group. The members of the experimental group were exposed to the emotion regulation education program during 8 sessions and the control group did not receive any interventions.The analysis of covariance data showed that the education program of emotional regulation significantly decreased the perceived stress, the difficulty of emotional regulation and increasing the resiliency analysis of variance with repeated measurement of data showed that the results were consistent during the follow up period. The results showed that the education of emotional regulation techniques affect the components of genralized stress and distress tolerance and it can be used as an effective interventional method to reduce stress, improve the emotional regulation difficulties, and increase resiliency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - The Effect of dream analysis training (Based on the theory of compilation of dreams) Psychotherapy on Perceived Stress and Problem Solving of Young Women
Reyhaneh Shamsolvaezin Narges BabakhaniDream analysis is a technique that has always had a very special place in the beliefs of the civilized man and people from ancient times. Dream, with an inner process, is trying to heal tensions and psychological harms. Dream interpretation now is considered as one of P MoreDream analysis is a technique that has always had a very special place in the beliefs of the civilized man and people from ancient times. Dream, with an inner process, is trying to heal tensions and psychological harms. Dream interpretation now is considered as one of Psycho-dynamic therapeutic methods. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dream analysis training (Based on integrated theories of dream research) on perceived stress and ability to solve women’s issues. The community consisted of female students of the Roudehen faculty of psychology and education ranging from 30 to 45 years old from which, 60 people were selected voluntarily and randomly assigned to test group and control group. The subjects were evaluated for perceived stress and problem-solving skills before and after the intervention. The test group were received dream analysis training program in five, 3-hour sessions (Based on integrated theories dream research).The results of multivariate covariance analysis indicated that dream analysis skills training (Based on integrated theories dream research) is effective on perceived stress in women but hasn’t had any significant effect on the problem solving skills of the groups. It seems that knowing the meanings of dreams and increasing the knowledge and attention of individuals to the atmosphere of dreams can be effective in reducing perceived stress. This research supports the role of dream analysis in reducing the perceived stress of clients. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - The relationship between cognitive emotion regulation mechanisms and lifestyle with perceived stress in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
Bahare Taghlidabadi Reza Tasbihsazan MashhadiGastrointestinal disorders are ranked first among medical disorders to seek psychiatric consultation. Irritable bowel syndrome is one of these diseases. Various researches report multiple causes for this syndrome and emphasize the role of psychological factors in causin MoreGastrointestinal disorders are ranked first among medical disorders to seek psychiatric consultation. Irritable bowel syndrome is one of these diseases. Various researches report multiple causes for this syndrome and emphasize the role of psychological factors in causing or exacerbating symptoms of this disorder. This study aims to investigate the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation mechanisms and lifestyle with perceived stress in patients with irritable bowel syndrome disorder. For this purpose, in a descriptive study of correlation, 170 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (93 females and 77 males) were selected by availability sampling method from the specialized clinics in Orumiyeh city, and evaluated for mechanisms of cognitive emotion regulation, lifestyle and perceived stress. Regression analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between cognitive emotion regulation mechanisms and life style and perceived stress. Among the predictive variables, blaming others factor had the greatest predictive power in perceived stress. Additionally, linear regression analysis displayed predicting lifestyle as a predictive factor for stress among patients with this syndrome. This study verifies the relationship between cognitive emotion regulation mechanisms and lifestyle and perceived stress in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Because of the numerous evidence of pathology of this syndrome, more research is needed on emotional regulation skills and related problems among patients with irritable bowel syndrome disorder. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - The effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on self-efficacy, perceived stress and life orientation of women with breast cancer
Haleh Sanaei Seyed Ali Mohammad Mousavi Alireza Moradi Hadi Parhoon Solmaz SanaeiBreast cancer is one of the most common cancers and accounts for almost one third of all cancers in women. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness method on self-efficacy, perceived stress and life orientation in women with breast cance MoreBreast cancer is one of the most common cancers and accounts for almost one third of all cancers in women. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness method on self-efficacy, perceived stress and life orientation in women with breast cancer. To this end, 40 patients with breast cancer were selected in the form of a quasi-experimental design of pretest-posttest along with the control group, using convenience sampling and were randomly assigned to both groups of experiment and control. The experimental group underwent two months of treatment. The control group did not undergo any intervention. The groups were tested in terms of self-efficacy, perceived stress and life orientation both before and after the intervention. Covariance analysis results indicated that mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy has made a significant difference in increasing positive life orientation and decreasing perceived stress in the experimental group both in the post-test and follow up stage. But there was no significant difference in the self-efficacy rate in patients. It seems that this therapy can be an appropriate method in speeding up the healing process, compliance and prevention of recurrence of the disease by targeting the mechanisms involved in stress and life orientation in patients with cancer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Moderating role of experiential avoidance in the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and perceived stress
Reza Abdi Nahid KabodiPerceived stress is a psychological state or process in which a person perceives their physical and psychological well being as threatening. The purpose of this study is to examine the moderating role of experiential avoidance in the relationship between anxiety sensiti MorePerceived stress is a psychological state or process in which a person perceives their physical and psychological well being as threatening. The purpose of this study is to examine the moderating role of experiential avoidance in the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and perceived stress among students. For this purpose, 360 students of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz were selected through multistage cluster random sampling method and evaluated in terms of perceived stress, anxiety sensitivity, and acceptance and practice. Regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between perceived stress with anxiety sensitivity and experiential avoidance. Further, it was indicated that experiential avoidance has a significant positive correlation with anxiety sensitivity. Additionally, hierarchical regression analysis showed that anxiety sensitivity and experiential avoidance, alone and in interaction with each other, have the ability to predict the perceived stress. Furthermore, simple slope analysis presented that experiential avoidance has a moderating role in the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and perceived stress; it has an increasing effect so that in both high and low levels of experiential avoidance there is a significant relationship between perceived stress and anxiety sensitivity; however, when anxiety sensitivity and experiential avoidance are at a high level, the amount of perceived stress at the various levels of experiential avoidance (highest and low) is relatively closer. It seems that experiential avoidance has a moderating role in the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and perceived stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Predicting postpartum depression based on perceived stress and styles of coping with stress among pregnant women in Tabriz
Morteza Azizi Latifeh NezamiStress during pregnancy, is among the psychological factors that is affective in the incidence of postpartum depression. One’s perception of stress and coping styles with stress can greatly effect a person's health. Styles of coping with stress, can affect the out MoreStress during pregnancy, is among the psychological factors that is affective in the incidence of postpartum depression. One’s perception of stress and coping styles with stress can greatly effect a person's health. Styles of coping with stress, can affect the outcome of stress as a mediator variable. The aim of this research, was to predict postpartum depression based on perceived stress and coping styles with stress, during pregnancy. For this purpose, in a descriptive study based on regression analysis, 100 pregnant women from Tabriz city were chosen with targeted sampling method and were tested in terms of depression, perceived stress coping style with Stress. Regression analysis indicated that there is a positive correlation between perceived stress and coping style, with postpartum depression. And these variables explain 35 percent of changes in postpartum depression. The results indicated that perceived stress and emotion-focused coping style have a positive correlation with postpartum depression. But there was no significant correlation between problem-focused copings styles and avoidant with postpartum depression. It seems with the identification and screening of pregnant women disposable to stress and with training of effective and adapted stress coping style against stress, we can prevent postpartum depression in women. Manuscript profile
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