Causal Model of the Relationship Between Cognitive Regulation of Emotion and Perceived Stress and the Mediating Role of Family Resilience of Tohid Hospital Nurses
Subject Areas : Islamic-Iranian Family Studies Journal
moluk
nosrati
1
(Master of Clinical Psychology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran)
Keywords: Family Resilience, cognitive regulation of emotion, perceived stress, nurses,
Abstract :
The aim of the current research was to investigate the causal model of the relationship between the cognitive regulation of emotion and perceived stress and the mediating role of family resilience of the nurses at Towheed Hospital. In terms of purpose, the present study was applied, and in terms of methodology, it was a correlation of the structural equation model. The statistical population of this research includes 210 nurses at Towheed Hospital, of which 144 were selected as a sample using available sampling method. To collect data, three standard questionnaires of Family Resilience Assessment Scale by Sixbey (2005), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire by Berking and Znoj (2008b), and Perceived Stress Questionnaire by Fliege et al. (2005) were used. In order to analyze the data, the structural equation model approach was used using two software PLS and SPSS. The results indicated that cognitive regulation has a negative and significant effect on perceived stress (a=0.001); Cognitive regulation has a positive and significant effect on family resilience (a=0.001); Family resilience had a negative and significant effect on perceived stress (a=0.001) and the mediating effect of family resilience on perceived stress was confirmed (a=0.001). According to the results of the research, emotional regulation skills and family resilience can be used to reduce the perceived stress of nurses.IntroductionStress and psychological pressure can affect the capacity, professional relationships and overall performance of occupation. In the way that stress at work can be harmful to nurses' psychological well-being, while resilience can act as a protective factor against personal attack or threat at work (Bogaerts et al, 2021). According to research (Labrague, 2021), the increase in stress related to the epidemic is associated with a decrease in psychological well-being.There is growing research interest in investigating why some nurses are able to do this well; But others cannot when they all face similar problems and challenges during their program. Various studies have confirmed the vital role of resilience in protecting a person's mental health against the adverse consequences of any stressful and traumatic situation (Li and Hasson, 2020; Sanderson and Brewer, 2017). Meanwhile, the ability to regulate emotion can be understood as the ability to effectively deal with negative emotions with the help of emotion regulation skills. Emotion regulation skills, emotion acceptance skills, and emotion resilience skills have been identified as important subsets of overall emotion regulation ability (Berking & Znoj, 2008). On the other hand, in situations of extreme stress or even experiencing a crisis (such as becoming a victim of a disaster), the family must have resilience (MacPhee, Lunkenheimer, & Riggs, 2015), the ability to survive and in the event of a disaster return to the initial state (Walsh, 2002). As a result, the problem of the present research was to test the mediating relationship of family resilience in the relationship between emotional skills and perceived stress of nurses.MethodologyIn terms of purpose, the present research is applied, and in terms of methodology, it is a structural equation model. The statistical population of this research includes 210 nurses of Tawheed Hospital, of which 144 were selected as a sample using available sampling. In order to collect data, three standard questionnaires of Sikbi family resilience (2005), emotion regulation questionnaire-27 (Berking et al, 2008b) and perceived stress questionnaire (Fliege et al, 2005) were used. To analyze the data, Pearson's correlation coefficient and structural equation model were used using SPSS and PLS software.ResultsThe results obtained from the structural equation model showed that cognitive regulation has a positive and direct effect on family resilience (T=7.347, β=0.445, P˂0.05) and cognitive regulation has a negative and significant effect on perceived stress (770 T=3.0, β=-0.247, P˂0.05) and family resilience had a negative and significant effect on perceived stress (T=6.456, β=-0.492, P˂0.05). Also, cognitive regulation towards perceived stress with the mediating role of family resilience (T=4.807, β=0.219, P˂0.05) have a negative and significant effect.The study of the effect coefficient of cognitive regulation on perceived stress showed that this path coefficient was estimated at -0.24. That is, cognitive regulation has a negative and significant effect on perceived stress. Investigating the effect coefficient of cognitive regulation on family resilience showed that this path coefficient was estimated at 0.44. That is, cognitive regulation has a positive and significant effect on family resilience. Investigating the effect coefficient of cognitive regulation on perceived stress showed that this path coefficient was estimated at -0.49. That is, family resilience has a negative and significant effect on perceived stress. The mediating effect of family resilience in relation to cognitive regulation on perceived stress was confirmed. In the special way and included in this hypothesis, the amount of indirect effect of cognitive regulation on perceived stress is estimated as -22.discussionThe purpose of this research was to better understand the factors affecting perceived stress, including the model of cognitive regulation of emotion and family resilience of Tawheed Hospital nurses. Based on the obtained results, cognitive regulation has a negative and significant effect on perceived stress. Also, cognitive regulation has a positive and significant effect on family resilience.In explaining these results, it can be said that nurses who have cognitive emotion regulation skills have capabilities and skills that make them resistant to work problems and negative effects of the work environment, including stress. These people, having appropriate communication and emotional skills, try to have a positive reaction to the psychological pressures of the work environment, including stress, by expanding their social relationships and circle of friends. It can also be said that resilient people feel less stress due to positive motivation and acceptance of difficulty in the work environment. Resilience is actually a skill in which a person adapts positively to adversity, and this issue itself leads to mental well-being and increased work performance; As a result, it is reasonable to accept that resilience will lead to the reduction of psychological pressures, including stress. One of the limitations of this research was the use of questionnaires and quantitative data and the lack of measurement of qualitative variables affecting nurses' perceived stress. Based on the obtained results, it is suggested that the managers and officials of the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Sciences prioritize the implementation of cognitive regulation interventions of emotion and resilience in the work environment in hospital departments in order to reduce the stress of nurses.ConclusionThe results of this research show the importance of family resilience in relation to the cognitive regulation of nurses' emotions and stress. In fact, resilient people can act as a protector against stress and mental pressure in hospital environments. As a result, resilience is a factor that can help reduce nurses' stress through cognitive regulation of emotions.AcknowledgementsWe would like to thank all the nurses of Tawheed Hospital who helped us in conducting this research.FundingNo financial aid was received from any institution or organization in conducting this research.Ethics approval and consent to participateIn conducting this research, informed consent of nurses and research ethics have been observed.Conflict interestsThe author declares that this work has not been published elsewhere and has not been submitted to another publication at the same time.ReferencesBerking, M., & Znoj, H. (2008). 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