• List of Articles Hormones

      • Open Access Article

        1 - Study Effects Of Hydroalcoholic Extract Of Medicago sativa in the Treatment Of Acetic Acid Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats
        Mahdi Margani Hamed Alizadeh Sina Aghshahi
        Inroduction and Objective:Peptic ulcer, from histologicalpointisknownasmucosalnecrosisfactor. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Alfalfa hydroalcoholicvegetivearial organs extract on gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid in Rat.Material and Method More
        Inroduction and Objective:Peptic ulcer, from histologicalpointisknownasmucosalnecrosisfactor. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Alfalfa hydroalcoholicvegetivearial organs extract on gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid in Rat.Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 60 wistar rats weighting approximately (200-250g) were randomly divided into 4 groups; control, sham(normal salin), experiment 1 (extract of dose 250 mg/kg body weight) and experiment 2 (extract of dose 500 mg/kg body weight). Rats were deprived of food and then underwent surgeryand gastric wasby injecting60% acetic acid after 4,7,10,14 days gavage, the rats' stomach out and then measuring the wound and fixed with 10% formalin, the passage of the tissue section was stained And the number of neutrophils, macrophages and fibroblasts were counted.Results:Results showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of Alfalfacaused a significant increase in gastric ulcer healing in experimental groups 1 and 2 (PConclusion:Alfalfahydroalcoholic vegetive arial organs extract is effective in the treatment of peptic ulcer induced by acetic acid Manuscript profile
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        2 - The Effect Of Hydro-alcoholic Leaf Extract Of Olea europaea on the Levels Of Gonadotropins, Sex Hormones and Sperma togenesis in Diabetic Rat
        Fatemeh Moieni Mokhtar Mokhtari Esfandiyar Sharifi
        Inroduction and ObjectiveAccording to some reports, the Increase in blood glucose level leads to structural and functional changes in reproductive system. In the present study, we attempted to investigate the effect of hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of olive (Olea europae More
        Inroduction and ObjectiveAccording to some reports, the Increase in blood glucose level leads to structural and functional changes in reproductive system. In the present study, we attempted to investigate the effect of hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of olive (Olea europaea L.) on the levels of gonadotropin, sex hormones and spermatogenesis in diabetic male rats.Materials and Methods:48 adult male wistar rats each weighing about 220-250g was randomly divided into six groups of eight. These groups included: control group which left untreated; sham group which received distilled water; experimental group 1 ,received only 500 mg.kg-1 leaf extract; experimental group 2(diabetic control) receiving only Streptozotocin; and diabetic experimental groups 3and 4 receiving 250 and 500 mg.kg-1 extract respectively. The extract was administered daily by gavageing method for 21 days. Blood samples were taken from all groups and serum levels of LH, FSH, testosterone and Dihydro testosterone were measured by RIA. In this study, the histological changes in testis were cross examined and compared between experimental , control and sham groups.Data were analyzed by SPSS software using ANOVA and Tokay tests, and PResults:Levels of LH, FSH, testosterone and Dihydro testosterone showed a significant decrease in the diabetic control group in respect to control and sham groups (P-1)exhibited a significant increase, compared to them in experimental group 2(diabetic control).Conclusion: Extract hydro-alcoholic olive leaf, can reduce the side effects of diabetes on levels of gonadotropins, sex hormones, spermatogenesis and can improve pituitary – testis axsis in diabetic rat. Manuscript profile
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        3 - Study Effects Of Hydroalcoholic Extract Of Medicago sativa in the Treatment Of Acetic Acid Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats
        Mojdeh Samari Mehdi Rahnema Shahrzad Nasiri Semnani Ali Shahnavaz
        Inroduction and Objective:Peptic ulcer, from histologicalpointisknownasmucosalnecrosisfactor. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Alfalfa hydroalcoholicvegetivearial organs extract on gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid in Rat.Material and Method More
        Inroduction and Objective:Peptic ulcer, from histologicalpointisknownasmucosalnecrosisfactor. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Alfalfa hydroalcoholicvegetivearial organs extract on gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid in Rat.Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 60 wistar rats weighting approximately (200-250g) were randomly divided into 4 groups; control, sham(normal salin), experiment 1 (extract of dose 250 mg/kg body weight) and experiment 2 (extract of dose 500 mg/kg body weight). Rats were deprived of food and then underwent surgeryand gastric wasby injecting60% acetic acid after 4,7,10,14 days gavage, the rats' stomach out and then measuring the wound and fixed with 10% formalin, the passage of the tissue section was stained And the number of neutrophils, macrophages and fibroblasts were counted.Results:Results showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of Alfalfacaused a significant increase in gastric ulcer healing in experimental groups 1 and 2 (PConclusion:Alfalfahydroalcoholic vegetive arial organs extract is effective in the treatment of peptic ulcer induced by acetic acid. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - The Effect Of Bacillus brevis, Native Iranian Probiotic, on Secretion Of Thyroid Hormones T3, T4 in Male Wistar Rats under Chronic Restraint Stress Condition
        ٍٍEffat Askari Mehr Parvaneh Jafari Neda Akbari
        Inroduction and ObjectiveStudies have shown that stress has different effects on the body's endocrine system. Exposure to stressful conditions causes changes in thyroid hormone. With respect to the role of probiotics in reducing stress, the purpose of this study the eff More
        Inroduction and ObjectiveStudies have shown that stress has different effects on the body's endocrine system. Exposure to stressful conditions causes changes in thyroid hormone. With respect to the role of probiotics in reducing stress, the purpose of this study the effects of probiotic Bacillus brevis native Iranian thyroid hormones T3, T4 in male rats under chronic restraint stressMaterials and Methods:In this experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats aged 4 weeks and weighing approximately 110-130 gr. After adaptation for 10 days, animals randomly divided into 4 groups. Negative and positive control groups daily-received 1 ml of PBS buffer with pH: 7.2 while positive control received chronic restraint stress (CRS) for 15 minutes each day. Two Trial Groups were daily gavage with 1 ml of PBS with Bacillus brevis (2×109 cfu/ml). Trial group 2 received CRS for 21 days of experiments. Animals killed at the end of experiment and blood samples took from their hearts. The levels of T3 and T4 hormones assayed in the serum samples using ELISA methods.Results:Results obtained from this test to compare 2 groups of negative and positive control showed that stress caused a significant reduction in levels of 0.05367± 0.001333 to 0.0444± 0.001288 is (PValue=0.0008). While T4 level in experimental group 1 compared with negative control group no significant difference was observed. (PValue = 00.0845). Levels of hormones T4 test group 2 compared with the positive control group increased(PValue 0.001).The amount of hormones T4 trial group 2 significantly greater than groups 1 so that the amount of hormone secretion from 0.05071 ± 0.0008921 to 0.0637 ± 0.01190 is reached(PValue 0.001).Therefore probiotics stress hormone T4 levels significantly increases the T3 no significant differences between groups were observed on.Conclusion: Probiotic Bacillus brevis T4 hormone levels in rats increases in stress conditions. The results of this study can be a contributing factor in the use of Bacillus brevis thyroid hormone levels may play an important role. Manuscript profile
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        5 - The Effect Of Hydro-alcoholic Leaf Extract Of Olea europaea on the Levels Of Gonadotropins, Sex Hormones and Sperma togenesis in Diabetic Rat
        Fatemeh Moieni
        Inroduction and ObjectiveAccording to some reports, the Increase in blood glucose level leads to structural and functional changes in reproductive system. In the present study, we attempted to investigate the effect of hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of olive (Olea europae More
        Inroduction and ObjectiveAccording to some reports, the Increase in blood glucose level leads to structural and functional changes in reproductive system. In the present study, we attempted to investigate the effect of hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of olive (Olea europaea L.) on the levels of gonadotropin, sex hormones and spermatogenesis in diabetic male rats.Materials and Methods:48 adult male wistar rats each weighing about 220-250g was randomly divided into six groups of eight. These groups included: control group which left untreated; sham group which received distilled water; experimental group 1 ,received only 500 mg.kg-1 leaf extract; experimental group 2(diabetic control) receiving only Streptozotocin; and diabetic experimental groups 3and 4 receiving 250 and 500 mg.kg-1 extract respectively. The extract was administered daily by gavageing method for 21 days. Blood samples were taken from all groups and serum levels of LH, FSH, testosterone and Dihydro testosterone were measured by RIA. In this study, the histological changes in testis were cross examined and compared between experimental , control and sham groups.Data were analyzed by SPSS software using ANOVA and Tokay tests, and PResults:Levels of LH, FSH, testosterone and Dihydro testosterone showed a significant decrease in the diabetic control group in respect to control and sham groups (P-1)exhibited a significant increase, compared to them in experimental group 2(diabetic control).Conclusion: Extract hydro-alcoholic olive leaf, can reduce the side effects of diabetes on levels of gonadotropins, sex hormones, spermatogenesis and can improve pituitary – testis axsis in diabetic rat. Manuscript profile
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        6 - The Effect Of Hydro-Alcoholic (Ricinus communis) SeedExtract on Spermatogenesis and Sexual hormones in Mice
        Roya Mohammadi meyabadi Mitra Heidari Nasrabadi Parvin Khodarahmi
        Inroduction and Objective:  The different researches have been done to prevent population.Ricinus communishas different propertiesThis study analyzes the effects of preventing castor's generating.Material and Methods: 21 male mice from NMRI species approximately weighin More
        Inroduction and Objective:  The different researches have been done to prevent population.Ricinus communishas different propertiesThis study analyzes the effects of preventing castor's generating.Material and Methods: 21 male mice from NMRI species approximately weighing 20-30 gr classified into one control group and two experimental groups. Within 30 days, the experimental groups injected as 35 and 45mg/kg body weight by castor's hydro alcoholic extract and normal saline injected to the control group. 10 days after the mice were last injected, samples taken from their blood and generating organs.The serums transmitted into laboratory for the hormones assessments and some 5 micron transversal cuts taken from their testicles, next they were painted and spermcellular classification counted. The sperm maker's diameter pipes and the germinal layer measured by 10X lens and the cells counted by100X lens. All the data were done by ANOVA statistical method and Tukey test with the p≤ 0.05 meaningful level.Results:A meaningful decrease observed in seminiferous tubules diameterpipes in the 45 mg/kg concentration,germinal diameter layer in experimental groups and the number of spermatogony, primary spermatocyte, sperm and leydig in experimental groups in comparison to control group(0.05>p). The percentage of the moving sperms, the percentage of the sperm's genetic substance and the sperms' morphology demonstrated a meaningful reduction in experimental groups and the hormones assesments. Manuscript profile
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        7 - The Effect of Tamoxifen and Black Cohosh (Actaea racemosa) On The Changes In The Levels Of Sex Steroid Hormones And Oocytes Maturation Of Adult Female Gourami fish (Trichogaster trichopterus) from family (Osphronemidae)
        Mohsen Bagheri Tahereh Naji Homayoun Hosseinzade sahafi
        Introduction & Objective: One of the most common cancers in the menopausal age is breast cancer. To control menopause symptoms in women with breast cancer, given that hormone therapy is not recommended, alternative treatments such as phytoestrogen therapy can be con More
        Introduction & Objective: One of the most common cancers in the menopausal age is breast cancer. To control menopause symptoms in women with breast cancer, given that hormone therapy is not recommended, alternative treatments such as phytoestrogen therapy can be considered. Black cohosh is a phytoestrogen plant that is used to control menopause symptoms. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of tamoxifen with black cohosh plant on ovarian tissue ultrastructure and measurement of sex hormones in adult female three-spot gourami fish.Materials &Methods: For this purpose, the number of 120 pieces of three-spot gourami adult female fish with an average weight of 5±1 grams in 8 treatments with control groups including control 1 (intact) and control 2 (solvent, Ethanol 60 %) and treatments receiving doses of 10, 50, 100 mg/kg of tamoxifen drug and 10, 50, 100 mg/kg of black cohosh hydroalcoholic extract were divided. All the injections were done in 10 times and every other day for twenty days and in the amount of 0.02 ml between the dorsal fin muscle and the lateral line. Then, after anesthetizing the fish, the ovary was examined by light and electron microscope. For measuring the levels of steroid hormones, the fish tissue was homogenized by homogenizer.Results: Black cohosh extract decreased the level of 17-beta estradiol and testosterone hormones. Tamoxifen decreased the level of 17-beta estradiol, testosterone and progesterone hormones. Examining the light and electron microscope images showed that both tamoxifen and black cohosh had an inhibitory effect on oocyet maturation.Conclusion The results of this study showed that black cohosh plant extract and tamoxifen reduce oocyte maturation. Manuscript profile
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        8 - Comparison of the effect of Haloperidol on changes of the ovarian tissue ultrastructure and the level of the sex steroid hormones in Trichogaster trichopterus
        اورعی اورعی طاهره ناجی Homayon Hosseinzadeh sahafi
        Introduction & Objective: Studies suggest that haloperidol has anti-psychotic effects through the inhibition of dopamine receptors in the nervous system. Morus alba L. leaf extract is also known as an herbal medicine with dopamine blocking effect similar to haloperi More
        Introduction & Objective: Studies suggest that haloperidol has anti-psychotic effects through the inhibition of dopamine receptors in the nervous system. Morus alba L. leaf extract is also known as an herbal medicine with dopamine blocking effect similar to haloperidol. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of haloperidol and Morus alba L. leaf extract on steroid hormones and ovarian tissue ultrastructure in adult Trichogaster trichopterus fish.Materials and methods: 120 pieces of Trichogaster trichopterus adult female fish were obtained from the ornamental fish breeding workshop in Qazvin, and after preparing the aquariums, they were divided into 8 intact control groups and solvent control groups, and three groups of doses of 0.05, 0.1, and 2. 0 mg/kg of haloperidol drug and three groups of doses of 50, 100, 200 mg/kg of Morus alba L. leaf ethanol extract. Injections were done 10 times and every other day in a period of 20 days in the amount of 0.02 ml in the muscle between the dorsal fin and the lateral line of the fish. At the end of euthanasia of the fish, gonadosomatic index, steroid hormones and the ultrastructure of ovarian tissue were investigated in the treatment and control groups.Results: Haloperidol drug in all doses caused a significant decrease in gonadosomatic index, 17-beta estradiol and 17-hydroxyprogesterone hormones (P<0.05) and had no significant effect on testosterone hormone (P>0.05). While white mulberry leaf extract increased gonadosomatic index and steroid hormones (P<0.05).Conclusion: By increasing the dose of haloperidol, the level of gonadosomatic index and beta-estradiol decreased, but these effects were not dose-dependent. Also, the administration of , Morus alba L leaf ethanolic extract showed a less harmful effect on the level of sex hormones and gonadosomatic index than haloperidol. Nevertheless, it seems that the dose of 50-200 mg/kg is not sufficient and appropriate dose to observe the sexual effects of mulberry leaf plant and it is better to prescribe higher doses so that the dose-dependent effects can be observed better by increasing the concentration of flavonoids. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        9 - Comparison of Body Size and Steroid Hormones of Female Beluga Sturgeon Huso huso Based on Gonad Echogenicity Status in Sonography
        roghieh bahrevar mohammad reza ghomi mehdi Sohrabnezhad
        Inroduction & Objective: Beluga sturgeon(Huso huso) is one of the most valuable species of sturgeon for breeding and rearing in aquaculture farms. Understanding the quality of gonads, especially gonads in female, is essential to the success of breeding and reproduci More
        Inroduction & Objective: Beluga sturgeon(Huso huso) is one of the most valuable species of sturgeon for breeding and rearing in aquaculture farms. Understanding the quality of gonads, especially gonads in female, is essential to the success of breeding and reproducing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in body size (length and weight) and steroid hormones based on the echogenicity (volume and color) observed from gonad in ultrasound on 4-year-old female beluga sturgeon (n=20) Material and Method: For this purpose, the fish were bio-assayed and blood analyzed. The SonoAce R3 was used for ultrasound by adjusting the frequency between 8-9 Hz, hormonal assay was performed by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Results: Mean total weight (TW), total length (TL), standard length (SL), condition factor (CF) of fish were 9.96 kg, 114.45 cm, 101.65 cm, 0.93 and mean of E2, T and 17,20OH-P were 0.49, 0.28 and 41.7 ng/ml, respectively. The results of one-way ANOVA showed that there was no significant difference between the mean of morphometric parameters in different gonadal colors in sonographic observations (p> 0.05). However, there was a significant difference between their mean values with respect to different gonad volumes in the ultrasound observations (p<0.05) whereas fish with a higher average of total weight, total length, standard length, and condition factor showed good gonad volume in the ultrasound observations. There was also no significant difference between mean values of steroid hormones in terms of volume and color of gonad (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Since the larger fish had a favorable gonad volume in the ultrasound observations, thus, separation and maintenance of such stocks for reproduction is more desired and reduces costs. Also steroid hormones in 4-year-old female beluga are not associated with gonadal echogenicity characteristics and cannot be used as a determination method. Manuscript profile
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        10 - The effect of high-intensity strength and endurance training on cortisol, testosterone, and physical fitness of 15-20-year-old male taekwondo athletes in Rash
        Seyed Razi Moravej Marzieh Nazari Ramin Shabani
        Objectives. High intensity training change anthropometric and Biochemical parameters in athletes, so the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a high intensity training course on BMI, cortisol and testosterone in taekwondo boys 15 to 20 years in Rasht. Mat More
        Objectives. High intensity training change anthropometric and Biochemical parameters in athletes, so the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a high intensity training course on BMI, cortisol and testosterone in taekwondo boys 15 to 20 years in Rasht. Material and Methods. This quasi-experimental research, which was conducted with study population of 15 to 20-year-old boy’s taekwondo in Rasht. The subjects of this study were randomly divided into two groups. The first group of training age was M±SD 17.70±2.26 year, and other group exercise age was M±SD 16.90±1.72 year. The first training group with traditional Taekwondo training, strength - endurance training with moderate intensity for 95 minutes and the second group this exercises with high intensity for 80 minutes were performed. before and after 8 weeks of training, BMI, anaerobic capacity, hormones cortisol and testosterone were assessed. The dependent t-test and independent t- test were used to analyze the data of study at p> 0.05. Results. The results of this study showed that six-weeks of high intensity training reduced the significantly the hormones cortisol (P = 0.001). Testosterone and anaerobic capacity significantly increased after exercise in both groups(P = 0.001). Comparisons between groups showed significant difference in anaerobic Capacity (P = 0.001). Conclusions. High-intensity training in Taekwondo athlete probably have a positive effect on physical fitness factors, cortisol and testosterone hormones and improve the performance of this athletes. Manuscript profile
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        11 - Resistance training improves primary dysmenorrhea symptoms in young girls: A randomized controlled trial
        Roghayeh Moradpour
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        12 - The effects of regular aerobic exercise on primary dysmenorrhea in young girls
        Roghayeh Moradpour
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        13 - The influence of variable range of motion training on hormonal responses and muscle strength
        Reihaneh Esmaeeldokht
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        14 - The Role of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria in Alleviating the Adverse Effects of Drought, Heat and Salinity Stresses in Crop Plants
        Mahroo Mojtabaie Zamani
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      • Open Access Article

        15 - Beta-Estradiol Hormone Application to Increase Salt Tolerance of Different Potato Genotypes (Solanum tuberosum L.)
        Fahimeh Jidar Rasool Asghari Zakaria Nasser Zare Davood Hassanpanah Leila Ghaffarzadeh Namazi
        10.30495/JCEP.202201911931.1721
        This experiment was performed to investigate the effect of beta estradiol hormone application on increasing salinity stress tolerance of different potato genotypes in a factorial split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications i More
        This experiment was performed to investigate the effect of beta estradiol hormone application on increasing salinity stress tolerance of different potato genotypes in a factorial split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in Mohaghegh Ardabili University in 2020. Salinity stresses with three levels (0, 50 and 100 mM sodium chloride) and beta-estradiol also with three levels (0, 10-12 and 6-10 M) were assigned to main plots, and 10 potato genotypes to subplots. The results revealed that plant height, number and weight of minituber per plant, average tuber weight and content of antioxidant enzymes in the studied genotypes showed a positive response to beta-estradiol. Thus, with increasing the amount of beta-estradiol application from 10-12 to 10-6 M, the number and weight of minitubers increased in most of the studied genotypes, but the amount of this increase was varied between genotypes. G5 and G6 genotypes with an average of 7.85 and 7.83 minitubers had the highest number of tubers per plant at 10-6 M beta-estradiol, respectively. The lowest value of this trait belonged to G10 genotype with an average of 3.66 minitubers, without significant differences with those of G8 and G9 genotypes. With increasing salinity level, the enzymes of superoxide dismutase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase and also soluble sugars were increased. In all of three salinity levels, beta-estradiol application significantly increased the levels of these enzymes. The highest levels of these enzymes were observed at salinity level of 100 mM with the use of 10-12 or 6-10 M beta estradiol. In this study, the use of beta-estradiol, depending on the genotype, was able to moderate the effect of salinity on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of potatoe tubers. Overall, in this study, G5 and G6 genotypes had relatively high minituber number and weight per plant under salinity stress conditions, Thus, selection of these genotypes is recommended for future breeding programs. Also, these two genotypes had the highest number and weight of minitubers per plant at 10-12 and 10-6 M beta estradiol, which indicates that these genotypes have a high genetic potential for consumption of this hormone as compared to other genotypes. Manuscript profile
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        16 - Effects of organic and inorganic selenium supplements on serumic levels of thyroid hormones in mixed breed horses
        G.H. Soltani saeed ozmaie مهدی Sakha S.H. Safi
        Selenium has an important role in the metabolism of thyroid hormones because it is necessary in the conversion ofthyroxine (T4) to its active form triiodothyronine (T3). For this conversion, selenoenzymes which are mainly located in the liver and kidneys are necessary. More
        Selenium has an important role in the metabolism of thyroid hormones because it is necessary in the conversion ofthyroxine (T4) to its active form triiodothyronine (T3). For this conversion, selenoenzymes which are mainly located in the liver and kidneys are necessary. This study was conducted to determine the effects of organic and inorganic selenium (Se) supplementation on serumic levels of thyroid hormones in mixed breed horses. For this purpose, 10 healthy mixed breed horses 4-5 years of age were randomly divided into two equal groups. The first treatment group received routine diet plus premix (1 mg sodium selenite/day) for 12 days and the second group was supplemented similarly with 1 mg commercially available yeast enriched organic selenium (O-Sel). Blood samples were taken by venoject tubes from the jugular vein on days 0, 3, 6 and 12. Serumic selenium concentrations were measured using atomic absorption and serum thyroid hormones were measured by spectrophotometer.  After selenium supplementation, mean serum T3 levels increased significantly in both treatment groups (p<0.05) while T4 concentrations decreased. According to the results, administration of limited amounts of selenium can increase the active form of thyroid hormones with a positive impact on the performance of the horse. Manuscript profile
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        17 - The effect of phenylbutazone injection on serumic levels of thyroid hormones in the horse
        Ali Hassanpour Vahid Farshchi Andisi مجید Ebrahimi Hamed فرهاد Farhangpajoh
        This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of phenylbutazone injection on serumic levels of thyroid hormones in the Arabian horse. Twelve Arabian horses were allocated to two groups of control and treatment each consisting of six animals. In the treatment group, More
        This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of phenylbutazone injection on serumic levels of thyroid hormones in the Arabian horse. Twelve Arabian horses were allocated to two groups of control and treatment each consisting of six animals. In the treatment group, 3 mg/kg phenylbutazone was injected intravenously for 6 days while in the control group equal values of 0.9% NaCl solution was used for the injection. Blood samples of all animals were collected from the jugular vein at days 0(before injection), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, their sera separated by centrifuging and the levels of T3 and T4 were measured using the ELISA technique. There was a significant difference (P Manuscript profile
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        18 - The effect of vitamin E and selenium on serum injection on serumic levels of T3 and T4 hormones in the Arabian horse
        بهرام Amouoghli-Tabrizi A. Hassanpour M. Khakpour Y. Mohamadpour-Tanha
             This study was conducted evaluate the effect of vitamin E and Selenium injection on serumic levels of thyroid hormones in the Arabian horse. Twelve Arabian stallions of approximately equal age were selected and based on their age (4 and 5 years old), More
             This study was conducted evaluate the effect of vitamin E and Selenium injection on serumic levels of thyroid hormones in the Arabian horse. Twelve Arabian stallions of approximately equal age were selected and based on their age (4 and 5 years old), allocated to tow groups each consisting of six animals. In each group, three of the six horses were injected by vitamins E and selenium at a dose rate of 1cc/30 kg intramuscularly every tow days and the other three animals which were chosen as the controls were similarly injected by normal saline solution. Two days alter each injection; blood samples of the horses in each group were collected using venoject from the jugular vein. After separating the blood serum by centrifuging, the levels of T3 and T4 were measured using the ELISA technique. Following the first injection, the serumic levels of thyroid hormones demonstrated a significant increase in comparison with the controls (p<0.05) while after the second injection, the serumic levels of T3 and T4 had decreased to normal values similar to the control groups. However, following the third injection the decreased in T3 and T4 levels was clearly evident and statistically significant (p<0.05). According to the results of the present study, the injection of vitamin E and selenium for more than twice leads to decrease in the seumic levels of T3 and T4 hormones of the horse and this is coupled with reduction of the basic body metabolism which is not beneficial for the animal. Manuscript profile
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        19 - Assessment of thyroid hormones, insulin and magnesium in dairy cattle with subclinical ketosis
        علی Sadeghi-nasab علی Hassanpour حبیب Sabaghsaray سعید Amiri- Sadeghan
        Ketosis, with ethologically energy deficiency, is one of the commonest metabolic diseases of dairy cattle. Assessment of some serum hormonal and metabolic status can be beneficent in prediction and diagnosis of subclinical ketosis. This study is performed for evaluation More
        Ketosis, with ethologically energy deficiency, is one of the commonest metabolic diseases of dairy cattle. Assessment of some serum hormonal and metabolic status can be beneficent in prediction and diagnosis of subclinical ketosis. This study is performed for evaluation and comparison of thyroid hormones, insulin and magnesium of subclinical ketosis and healthy cows. During 60 days in milk (DIM) serum Beta hydroxy butyric acid (BHBA) and glucose levels of 200 dairy cattle have been measured. Based on 1.4 mmol/l of BHBA as a cut of point experimented animals separated to subclinical and healthy groups. Mean values of serum T3 and T4 of affected cows were significantly higher than non-affected (p<0.05). On the other hand, magnesium and insulin level of subclinically cases were significantly lower than control group (p<0.01 and p<0.05 respectively). There was significant correlation coefficient between BHBA and insulin levels of ketosis cows (p<0.05, r=0.37). In conclusion, increasing levels of thyroid hormones and decreasing magnesium and insulin of subclinically affected cattle could be used for diagnosis and prediction of this kind of ketosis at the herd level.   Manuscript profile
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        20 - A survey on the concentration of thyroid hormones and insulin hormone in cow with theilleriosis
        علی Hasanpour سعید Gasemzadeh بهرام Amuoghli Tabrizi
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        21 - The Effects of Eight Weeks of Swimming Training and Chamomile Extract Administration on Serum Levels of Sex Hormones in Rats
        iman fathi reza khalafzadeh poorya pasavand elaheh Karimizadeh Fard Sara Soltani Nejad
        10.30495/varzesh.2021.1921845.1006
        Introduction: Nutrition and exercise are two effective factors in regulating the body's endocrine system. Due to the positive effects of sports activities and herbs on sex hormones, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of eight weeks of swimming training an More
        Introduction: Nutrition and exercise are two effective factors in regulating the body's endocrine system. Due to the positive effects of sports activities and herbs on sex hormones, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of eight weeks of swimming training and chamomile extract consumption on serum levels of Luteinizing, Testosterone, and Follicle-Stimulating Hormones in male rats. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 40 male Sprague-dawley rats were selected and randomly divided into five groups consisting of eight rats. The groups include: (1) swimming training, (2) chamomile extract administration, (3) swimming training, and chamomile extract administration; (4) placebo; and (5) control. The swimming and the swimming plus chamomile extract administration groups had three session swimming trainings per week, each session lasted 60 seconds. Also, the swimming plus chamomile extract administration and the chamomile extract administration groups received (200 mg/kg body weight/day) chamomile extract peritoneally. Kolmogorov–Smirnov and one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s Post-hoc tests were used to analyze the results (P≤0.05). Findings: Chamomile extract administration had significant effects on increasing testosterone levels (P=0.04). However, the effects of swimming training (P=0.79) and swimming plus chamomile extract administration (P=0.09) on testosterone levels were non-significant. Swimming training plus chamomile extract administration had significant effects on increasing serum levels of FSH (P=0.001), but only swimming training (P=0.89) and only chamomile extract administration (P=0.46) had no significant effects on serum levels of FSH. Also, none of the swimming training, chamomile extract administration, and swimming training plus chamomile extract administration had significant effects on LH serum levels. Conclusion: Although chamomile extract administration alone can increase testosterone serum levels, and simultaneously can improve FSH serum levels when used with swimming training, it seems that further study is required to confirm the interactive effects of chamomile consumption and swimming training. Manuscript profile
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        22 - A Comparison of the Effect of Saffron and Crocin Extract on Sex Hormones in Male Rats with Alzheimer's Disease
        Tahereh Jaydari fard Ali Asghar Pilehvarian
        10.30495/varzesh.2020.678440
        Abstract Introduction: Previous studies have shown that Alzheimer's disease can lead to dysfunction of sex hormones; however, consumption of antioxidant foods can prevent it. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of saffron extract and crocin on sex hormones i More
        Abstract Introduction: Previous studies have shown that Alzheimer's disease can lead to dysfunction of sex hormones; however, consumption of antioxidant foods can prevent it. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of saffron extract and crocin on sex hormones in male rats with Alzheimer's disease. Materials and methods: This experimental study included 32 rats with Alzheimer's disease in four groups of 1) control 2) sham, 3) saffron and 4) crocin. Each group consisted of eight series.  The third and fourth Groups received 25 mg/kg of saffron and crocin peritoneally daily for eight weeks. Serum levels of FSH, LH and testosterone were measured by ELISA. To analyze the data, the groups were compared using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc tests at a significance level of p < /em> < 0.05. Findings: Saffron had a significant effect on increasing FSH (P=0.001), LH (P=0.002) and testosterone (P=0.001). Like saffron, crocin had a significant effect on increasing testosterone (P=0.001), however, saffron’s effect was greater on increasing testosterone than that of crocin (P=0.001). Conclusion: Although crocin can improve serum testosterone levels in rats with Alzheimer's disease, saffron seems to have better effects on increasing sex hormones in Alzheimer's rats than crocin. Keywords: Saffron, Crocin, Alzheimer's, Sex Hormones   Extended abstract Introduction Increased life expectancy is associated with specific problems and diseases of old age. One of the major problems of this period is the prevalence of dementia. One of the most common dementias is Alzheimer's. Symptoms of Alzheimer disease include memory loss, judgment, reasoning, changes in mood and behavior, cognitive decline, memory impairment, sleep disorders, and personality and mood changes (2). In relation to Alzheimer's disorders, it has been shown that testosterone levels in people with advanced Alzheimer disease are significantly reduced as a sign of the progression of the disease (3). It has been reported that proper nutrition can improve Alzheimer's disorders to some extent, so the use of herbs can be effective in this regard. Saffron with the scientific name of Crocus sativus belongs to the lily family. Low-dose saffron is recommended for the treatment of pertussis, asthma, colds, menstrual pain, irregular menopause, infertility, inflammation, depression, headache, sore throat and nausea (7). Considering the improving effects of saffron and its active ingredients, the present study aimed to investigate and compare the effect of saffron extract and crocin on the sex hormones of male rats with Alzheimer disease.   Materialsand methods In this experimental study, 32 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were purchased and kept in the laboratory for one week to be adapted to the new environment. Then, on the eighth day, the rats were injected intra- peritoneally with 8 mg/kg of trimethylettin chloride (TMT) (14) .After four days, its complete effect on the hippocampus was confirmed. Alzheimer patients were randomly divided into four groups of 1) control 2) sham, 3) saffron and 4) crocin. There were eight series in each group. Rats in groups 3 and 4 received 25 mg/kg of saffron and crocin peritoneally daily for eight weeks. To prepare crocin, 0.1 g of crocin by the name of Sigma Aldrich and Cat-No: 17024-4G was dissolved in 100 cc of normal saline and injected intra- peritoneally into rats at a dose of 25 mg/kg (8) Also, to prepare saffron extract, 9.2 g of saffron was poured into 1000 cc of distilled water and the mixture was incubated for 16 hours at 50 ° C. Then the solution was passed through a strainer and stored at 4 ° C. During the injection it was injected at a dose of 25 mg / kg peritoneally (9). At the end of the study, 48 hours after the last injection of saffron and crocin, rats were anesthetized with ketamine and xylazine. Blood samples were taken directly from the left ventricle of rats to measure the research variables. Serum levels of FSH and LH as well as serum testosterone levels were measured using a hormone test kit (Radim Italy) and a German IBL hormone test kit by ELISA respectively. The Shapiro-wilk test was used to identify a normal distribution. Also, One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s post- hoc test were performed (P≤0.05) for statistical analysis.   Findings The results of one-way ANOVA showed a significant difference in the serum levels of FSH, LH and testosterone among the four groups of the study (P=0.001). The results of Tukey’s post- hoc test showed that there was no significant difference in the serum levels of FSH (P=0.87), LH (P=0.94) and testosterone (P=0.99) between the control and sham groups ,though, serum FSH in saffron group was significantly higher than that of control and crocin groups (P=0.001);in addition, serum LH levels in saffron group were significantly higher than control group (P=0.002); moreover, serum testosterone levels in the saffron (P=0.001) and crocin (P=0.002) groups were significantly higher than the control group. Also, the saffron group was significantly higher than the crocin group (P=0.001).   Discussion The results of the present study showed that saffron had a significant effect on increasing FSH, LH and testosterone in rats with Alzheimer disease. The results of Modarresi et al.'s study showed that daily consumption of 25 and 50 mg per kg of body weight does not have a significant effect on increasing testosterone, FSH and LH hormones (6). However, consumption of 100 mg per kg of body weight leads to a significant increase in rats. Therefore, it seems that the dose of saffron consumption as well as the basal levels of sex hormones can be effective in saffron consumption. It has been reported that saffron ingredients such as crocin and crocetin can inhibit total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, malondialdehyde and increase the thickness of the aortic end layer as well as nitric oxide levels (13). The results of the present study also showed that crocin had a significant effect on increasing testosterone in rats with Alzheimer disease. Crocins, which are glycosides composed of carotenoids called crocins and sugars, are responsible for the color of saffron (18). Researchers believe that saffron and its ingredients can induce their metabolic and anti-necrotic regulatory effects by increasing antioxidants. Also in the present study, saffron had a greater effect on increasing testosterone in Alzheimer rats than crocin. Therefore, it seems that saffron can have more favorable effects on improving testosterone than crocin in Alzheimer disease.   Conclusion Although crocin can improve serum testosterone levels in rats with Alzheimer disease, saffron seems to have better effects on increasing sex hormones than crocin in Alzheimer rats.   Ethical Considerations Compliance with ethical guidelines The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Marvdasht Branch of Islamic Azad University.   Funding Isfahan Branch of Payame Noor University.   Authors' contributions Design and conceptualization: Tahereh Jaydari fard, Ali Asghar Pilehvarian; Methodology and data analysis: Tahereh Jaydari fard; Supervision and final writing: Ali Asghar Pilehvarian.   Conflicts of interest The authors declared no conflict of interest. Manuscript profile
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        23 - Investigating the Effect of Plant Growth Regulators (GA3 and 2, 4-D) on the Reduction of the Physiological Disease of Thomson-Novel Orange Fruit
        shahruz habibi ali ebadi alireza ladan moghadam siavash raytpanah
        Citrus is a major product of the gardens of the north of the country, and since oranges have better storage, they also have a larger share of the gardens. Oranges have a very good market and have a good market and have the highest production, but because it has thin nav More
        Citrus is a major product of the gardens of the north of the country, and since oranges have better storage, they also have a larger share of the gardens. Oranges have a very good market and have a good market and have the highest production, but because it has thin navel and skin, it is sensitive to tension and has a physiological disorder Fruiting. In order to reduce this complication, a randomized complete block design with 2 and 4 dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D) at concentrations of 0-10 and 20 mg / L and gibberellic acid GA3 (with concentrations of 0- 50 and 100 mg / L at flowering time, petals fell immediately after the physiological fall of fruit for two consecutive years (2016-2017). In this experiment, the percentage of fruit grazing, fruit yield, fruit skin thickness, soluble solids, cellulase and superoxide dismutase enzyme activity were measured. Based on the results obtained from the comparison of the meanings, the maximum thickness of the fruit skin, soluble solids, performance and activity level of the enzyme superoxide dismutase, as well as the lowest activity of the enzyme cellulase Manuscript profile
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        24 - اثرات ترکیبی عصاره اتانولی گیاهان Anthocleista vogelii و Alstonia boonei بر میزان سطح هورمونهای جنسی در هیپرپلازی خوش خیم پروستات (BPH) در موشهای صحرایی
        رابرت اوروکو چوکو چارلز نانا جوسفات اکور داوید اباسی نیکیو ازوگو
        10.30495/medherb.2021.682890
        Background & Aim:Combined ethanol extract of A. vogelii and A. boonei stem (CEAA) barks is commonly used to treat prostate disorders whereas its effects on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has not been scientifically validated. This study investigated the effects More
        Background & Aim:Combined ethanol extract of A. vogelii and A. boonei stem (CEAA) barks is commonly used to treat prostate disorders whereas its effects on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has not been scientifically validated. This study investigated the effects of CEAA on prostate weight, prostate index and serum androgenic and estrogenic hormonal levels of BPH induced rats.Experimental: The study had 6 groups containing 5 male Wistar albino rats each. Group 1 was the normal control rats without BPH induction while group 2 was the BPH induced rats without any treatment (BPH) control. Groups 3 – 5 were BPH induced rats treated with 5 mg/kg finasteride/day, 200 and 400 mg/kg CEAA/day, respectively. BPH was induced in groups 2 – 5 by the subcutaneous administration of testosterone propionate injection in olive oil for 28 consecutive days. Results: The BPH control indicated significantly (p < 0.05) increases in prostate weight, prostate index, serum testosterone (TT), dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and estradiol (E2) concentrations relative to the normal control. Treatment with CEAA caused dose-dependent significant (p < 0.05) decreases in the prostate weight, prostate index, TT, DHT and E2 similar to finasteride-treated BPH induced rats when compared with BPH control rats. The CEAA had high inhibitory effects on the prostate weight (55.71 -82.86 %) and prostate index (65.33 – 86.52 %) of the BPH induced rats greater than 71.52 % and 81.63 % inhibition of prostate weight and prostate index by finasteride, respectively. Recommended applications/industries: The findings of this study indicated that combined ethanol extract of A. vogelii and A. boonei stem barks has anti-benign prostatic hyperplasia activities as it down-regulated the serum concentrations of TT, DHT and E2 implicated in BPH development and progression Manuscript profile
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        25 - مطالعه اثر فیتوهورمون ها بر بذور گونه های آویشن تحت استرس اشعه فرابنفش.
        مهراب یادگاری
        10.18869/JHD.2017.109
        پیش زمینه و اهداف: Thymus vulgaris L. وT.daenensiscelakدو گونه دارویی چندساله متعلق به خانواده نعناعیان می باشند. هدف این تحقیق مطالعه اثرات پرایمینگ بذور دو گونه آویشن  Thymus vulgaris L. وT.daenensiscelakتحت تنش اشعه فرابنفش با سالیسیلیک اسید، جیبرلیک اسید و ایند More
        پیش زمینه و اهداف: Thymus vulgaris L. وT.daenensiscelakدو گونه دارویی چندساله متعلق به خانواده نعناعیان می باشند. هدف این تحقیق مطالعه اثرات پرایمینگ بذور دو گونه آویشن  Thymus vulgaris L. وT.daenensiscelakتحت تنش اشعه فرابنفش با سالیسیلیک اسید، جیبرلیک اسید و ایندول استیک اسید در شرایط آزمایشگاهی و مزرعه ای بود. شرایط آزمایشی: بذور تحت تیمار با هورمون‌های گیاهی با دوزهای 200، 400 و 600 ppmو اشعه فرابنفش با 220 گاماسل و شدت 3 kGy در سه زمان 10، 20 و 30 دقیقه قرار گرفتند. طرح آزمایشی در آزمایشگاه به صورت کاملاً تصادفی به صورت فاکتوریل و در مزرعه به صورت کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام شد. صفات مورد برآورد در آزمایشگاه شامل درصد جوانه­زنی، متوسط زمان جوانه­زنی، طول ریشه­چه و ساقه­چه و در شرایط مزرعه تعداد برگ، ارتفاع گیاه، وزن خشک ریشه و اندام هوایی و میزان اسانس بود. نتایج و بحث:نتایج در تمامی گیاهان نشاندهنده آن بود که در شرایط آزمایشگاه، سالیسیلیک اسید بهتر از سایر تیمارها بود و تفاوت معنی‌داری در مورد اثرات جیبرلیک اسید و ایندول استیک اسید، دیده نشد. بیشترین اثرات مخرب و بهترین اثرات مفیدبه ترتیب بواسطه تابش اشعه فرابنفش به مدت 30 دقیقه و هورمون سالیسیلیک اسید با غلظت 200 و 400 ppm بدست آمد. اثرات کاربرد هورمون‌ها توسط رشد و عملکرد گیاهان در دو سال متمادی تعیین شد. وزن خشک اندام هوایی در هر دو سال بواسطه کاربرد سالیسیلیک اسید افزایش یافت اما ایندول استیک اسید و جیبرلیک اسید تأثیر سودمندی بر بذور تحت تنش اشعه فرابنفش نداشتند. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: پرایمینگ با سالیسیلیک اسید بر خلاف ایندول استیک اسید و جیبرلیک اسید، منجر به محافظت بذور تحت تنش اشعه فرابنفش می شود. نتایج این تحقیق نشاندهنده آنست که افزایش سالیسیلیک اسید در گیاهان، چه به صورت کاربرد خارجی چه به صورت طبیعی منجر به تحمل به تنش های غیرزنده می شود. Manuscript profile
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        26 - Effect of Calcium and Magnesium Supplementation of Ewes during Pre- and Post-Mating on Lamb Sex Ratio
        Z. Gharibi M. Shamsolahi F. Fatahnia Y. Mohammadi A.N. Shokri
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        27 - Growth Performance, Blood Indices and Hormonal Responses of Broiler Chickens Fed Monosodium Glutamate
        O.J. Olarotimi O.A. Adu
        Manuscript profile
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        28 - اثرات انواع مختلف بنتونیت (مونتموریلونیت) بر فاکتورهای فیزیولوژیک و متابولیک مرتبط با آسیت در جوجه‌های گوشتی
        ع.ر. آقاشاهی س.ح. حسینی جنگجو ح. صادقی پناه س.ع. حسینی
        به ­منظور شناخت ارتباط عوامل فیزیولوژیک و متابولیک با بروز آسیت در جوجه‌های گوشتی آرین و همچنین بررسی اثر ترکیبات مختلف بنتونیت بر این عوامل، تعداد 200 قطعه جوجه آرین هم جنس (نر) و هم وزن در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. جوجه‌ها در 7 روزگی بر اساس جی More
        به ­منظور شناخت ارتباط عوامل فیزیولوژیک و متابولیک با بروز آسیت در جوجه‌های گوشتی آرین و همچنین بررسی اثر ترکیبات مختلف بنتونیت بر این عوامل، تعداد 200 قطعه جوجه آرین هم جنس (نر) و هم وزن در یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند. جوجه‌ها در 7 روزگی بر اساس جیره غذایی به 5 گروه آزمایشی تقسیم شدند: 1) شاهد (بدون بنتونیت)؛ 2) جیره حاوی بنتونیت سدیمی فرآوری شده با سولفات مس (1 درصد بر اساس ماده خشک)؛ 3) جیره حاوی بنتونیت سدیمی فرآوری نشده (1 درصد بر اساس ماده خشک)؛ 4) جیره حاوی بنتونیت کلسیمی فرآوری شده با سولفات مس (1 درصد بر اساس ماده خشک) و 5) جیره حاوی بنتونیت کلسیمی فرآوری نشده (1 درصد بر اساس ماده خشک). 40 قطعه جوجه در هر گروه آزمایشی به 4 تکرار 10 قطعه‌ای تقسیم شدند. (نسبت RV/TV) به عنوان مهمترین شاخص آسیت در سن 35 روزگی در گروه تغذیه شده با بنتونیت سدیمی سولفاته کمترین (24/0) بود و نسبت به گروه شاهد (29/0) تفاوت معنی ‌داری داشت (05/0P<). جیره دارای بنتونیت سدیمی سولفاته غلظت هورمون‌های T3 و T4 سرم خون نسبت به سایر جیره‌ها افزایش داد (05/0P<). درصد تلفات در گروه تغذیه شده با بنتونیت سدیمی سولفاته نسبت به گروه شاهد تمایل به کاهش داشت (10/0P<). افزودن بنتونیت به جیره به ‌ویژه از نوع سولفاته سبب کاهش شاخص آسیت و بهبود بهبود صفات مرتبط با آن شد. به طورکلی افزودن بنتونیت به جیره جوجه‌های گوشتی، اثرات مثبتی بر شاخص‌های متابولیکی و فیزیولوژیکی مرتبط با آسیت داشت که احتمالاً این اثرات را می‌توان به جذب بهتر مواد مغذی در روده نسبت داد. Manuscript profile
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        29 - تاثیر افزودن مکمل سلنیوم آلی و معدنی همراه با ویتامین E در دوره فلاشینگ بر عملکرد تولیدمثلی میش‌های قزل
        ح. دقیق‌کیا س. ساعدی ع. حسین‌خانی
        مواد معدنی و ویتامین­ها نقش مهمی در تغذیه حیوانات ایفاء کرده و اثرات مفیدی بر عملکرد تولیدمثلی حیوانات دارند. به منظور بررسی اثر مکمل سلنیوم و ویتامین E بر هورمون­ها، متابولیت­های خونی و عملکرد تولیدمثلی، 44 میش قزل 3-2 ساله با میانگین وزنی 2 ± 55 کیل More
        مواد معدنی و ویتامین­ها نقش مهمی در تغذیه حیوانات ایفاء کرده و اثرات مفیدی بر عملکرد تولیدمثلی حیوانات دارند. به منظور بررسی اثر مکمل سلنیوم و ویتامین E بر هورمون­ها، متابولیت­های خونی و عملکرد تولیدمثلی، 44 میش قزل 3-2 ساله با میانگین وزنی 2 ± 55 کیلوگرم به طور تصادفی در 4 گروه تیماری (11=n) مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. تیمارها مشتمل بر؛ گروه A: شاهد؛ گروه B: جیره فلاشینگ با دانه جو (73 درصد)؛ گروه C: جیره فلاشینگ + ویتامین E (48 میلی­گرم در روز) + سلنیوم آلی (سلنوپروتئین، 35/1 میلی­گرم در روز) و گروه D: جیره فلاشینگ + ویتامین E (48 میلی­گرم در روز) + سلنیوم معدنی (سلنیت سدیم، 35/1 میلی­گرم در روز). چرخه­های فحلی میش­ها با استفاده از سیدر (CIDR) به مدت 14 روز، همزمان گردیدند. نتایج نشان دادند که بالاترین میزان بره‌زایی (4/136 درصد) و تعداد بره متولد شده (15=n) متعلق به گروه تیماری C بود. اندازه­گیری سطوح هورمونی استروژن، پروژسترون و انسولین بیانگر ارتباط این هورمون­ها با عملکرد تولیدمثلی میش­ها بود بطوریکه بالاترین میزان استروژن و انسولین (در فحلی) و پروژسترون (3 هفته بعد از جفتگیری) متعلق به گروه­های تیماری C و D بود (05/0˂P). سطوح گلوکز و کلسترول در گروه­های تیماری C و D روز قبل از سیدر برداری، فحلی و 3 هفته بعد از جفت­گیری به طور معنی­داری افزایش یافت (05/0˂P). در تمام دوره های آزمایشی، سطوح پروتئین تام و نیتروژن اوره­ای خون (BUN) در گروه­های تیماری B، C و D نسبت به گروه شاهد افزایش معنی­داری داشت (05/0˂P). استفاده از سلنیوم آلی و یا معدنی در جیره فلاشینگ اثرات مشابهی در متابولیت‌های خونی و هورمون­های مرتبط با عملکرد تولیدمثلی داشت. Manuscript profile
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        30 - اثر تغذیه انگیزاننده و سن بر همزمان‌‌سازی فحلی و نرخ آبستنی گاوهای آمیخته هلشتاین و بومی پس از استفاده از هورمون‌های مشابه GnRH و پروستاگلاندین α F2
        M. Sydur Rahman M. Kabirul Islam Khan T. Bilkis
        این مطالعه با هدف شناسایی اثر تغذیه انگیزاننده بر همزمان‌‌سازی فحلی و نرخ آبستنی در آمیخته‌های هلشتاین و بومی پس از استفاده از هورمون‌ GnRH (فرتاژیل) و αPGF2 صورت گرفته است. یک نمونه 20 رأسی از گاوهای ماده آمیخته هلشتاین و بومی از مزرعه پرورش گاو شیری ارتش واقع در More
        این مطالعه با هدف شناسایی اثر تغذیه انگیزاننده بر همزمان‌‌سازی فحلی و نرخ آبستنی در آمیخته‌های هلشتاین و بومی پس از استفاده از هورمون‌ GnRH (فرتاژیل) و αPGF2 صورت گرفته است. یک نمونه 20 رأسی از گاوهای ماده آمیخته هلشتاین و بومی از مزرعه پرورش گاو شیری ارتش واقع در چیتاگونگ بنگلادش انتخاب شد و آزمایشات به مدت 60 روز بر روی آنها صورت گرفت. 10 رأس گاو ماده با خوراک پُرانرژی (5/10 مگاژول انرژی متابولیسمی در هر کیلوگرم خوراک) و 10 رأس دیگر با خوراک معمولی تغذیه شدند. سپس هر دو گروه هورمون‌های GnRH و αPGF2 را به ‌صورت تزریق درون عضله‌ای دریافت نمودند. پس از تزریق این هورمون‌ها، علایم فحلی در کلیه گاوهای هر دو گروه مشاهده شد. سپس کلیه گاوها در یک زمان تلقیح مصنوعی شدند و پس از گذشت 60 روز از نظر آبستنی مورد معاینه قرار گرفتند. نرخ آبستنی در گروه شاهد حدود 20 درصد، ولی در گروهی که تغذیه انگیزاننده دریافت کرده بودند، 40 درصد بود. در استفاده از این هورمون‌ها، سن حیوان تأثیری بر همزمان ‌سازی فحلی نداشت ولی نرخ آبستنی در گاوهای جوان‌تر بیشتر بود. Manuscript profile
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        31 - Influence of plant growth regulators (BA, TDZ, 2-iP and NAA) on micropropagation of Aglaonema widuri
        Behazd Kaviani Shahram Sedaghathoor Mohammad Reza Safari Motlagh Seddigeh Rouhi
        10.30495/ijpp.2019.668856
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        32 - The effect of different hormone combinations on direct and indirect somatic embryogenesis in Agave americana
        Maryam Nazir Shahab Sadat Mehdi Soltani Howyzeh
        10.30495/ijpp.2019.664579
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        33 - Effects of penconazole on hormonal crosstalk and fatty acids from salt-stressed safflower
        Fatemeh Shaki Vahid Niknam Hasan Ebrahimzadeh Maboud
        10.30495/ijpp.2020.1872682.1149
        Manuscript profile
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        34 - Role of IAA, GA3, riboflavin for crop improvement in fenugreek
        Muhamamd Tufail Khalid Hussain Zaneb Saeed Khalid Nawaz
        10.30495/ijpp.2021.687857
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        35 - Evaluating the effects of Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on morpho-physiological traits of valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) in aeroponic system.
        Majid Rostami Zahra Movahedi
        10.30495/ijpp.2016.532691
        Manuscript profile
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        36 - Influence of plant growth regulators (BA, TDZ, 2-iP and NAA) on micropropagation of Aglaonema widuri
        Behazd Kaviani Shahram Sedaghathoor Mohammad Reza Safari Motlagh Seddigeh Rouhi
        10.30495/ijpp.2019.664575
        Manuscript profile
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        37 - تاثیر سایتوکینین و تنش شوری بر ویژگی‌های گلدهی و بیوشیمیایی یاسمن زمستانه
        معصومه فاضلی داوود نادری
         هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثرات سطوح مختلف تنش شوری و محلول­پاشی 6-بنزیل آمینوپورین (بنزیل آدنین) بر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی یاسمن زمستانه بود. بنابراین آزمایشی در سال‌های 96-1395 در مرکز تحقیقات گلخانه‌ای دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان) انج More
         هدف از این مطالعه بررسی اثرات سطوح مختلف تنش شوری و محلول­پاشی 6-بنزیل آمینوپورین (بنزیل آدنین) بر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی یاسمن زمستانه بود. بنابراین آزمایشی در سال‌های 96-1395 در مرکز تحقیقات گلخانه‌ای دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان) انجام شد. این آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل بر اساس طرح کاملا تصادفی با چهار سطح تنش شوری (2، 4، 6 و 8 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر) به‌عنوان عامل اول و سطوح مختلف بنزیل‌آدنین (کنترل (عدم کاربرد)، 25 و 50 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) به عنوان عامل دوم در 3 تکرار (مجموع 36 واحد آزمایش) انجام شد. صفاتی مانند وزن تر و خشک وزن گل، تعداد گل، درصد کلروفیل a، b، کل، کاروتنوئید و آنزیم سوپراکسید دیسموتاز گیاه یاسمن زمستانه مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که سطوح شوری و بنزیل‌آدنین تاثیر معنی‌داری بر تمام صفات داشت. نتایج نشان داد که فعالیت آنزیم سوپر اکسید دیسموتاز در شوری هشت دسی‌زیمنس بر متر به‌طور معنی‌داری از فعالیت این آنزیم در تیمار دو دسی‌زیمنس بر متر بیشتر بود و بالاترین فعالیت آن در تیمار هشت دسی‌زیمنس بر متر مشاهده شد. از سوی دیگر، در بررسی اثرات استفاده از بنزیل‌آدنین، مشاهده شد که این تیمار اثرات مثبتی بر تمام صفات مورد بررسی دارد و اثرات آن­ها وابسته به غلظت است. در پایان می‌توان گفت، با وجودی که تنش شوری اثر منفی بر یاسمن زمستانه داشت، تیمار بنزیل‌آدنین اثرات منفی تنش شوری را کاهش داده است. Manuscript profile
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        38 - بهبود ریشه زایی در قلمه های Forsythia × intermedia توسط تنظیم کننده های رشد گیاهی
        بهزاد کاویانی سمیه غلامی
        ازدیاد غیرجنسی توسط قلمه­ها یک روش مناسب استفاده ­شده برای اغلب گیاهان زینتی است. موفقیت در افزایش درصد ریشه­زایی، کاهش زمان ظهور ریشه و افزایش کارایی ازدیاد، به چند عامل مانند تنظیم­­کننده­های رشد گیاهی به­ویژه اکسین­ها بستگی دارد. ریشه& More
        ازدیاد غیرجنسی توسط قلمه­ها یک روش مناسب استفاده ­شده برای اغلب گیاهان زینتی است. موفقیت در افزایش درصد ریشه­زایی، کاهش زمان ظهور ریشه و افزایش کارایی ازدیاد، به چند عامل مانند تنظیم­­کننده­های رشد گیاهی به­ویژه اکسین­ها بستگی دارد. ریشه­زایی یاس زرد مشکل است و به تیمارهای هورمونی ویژه و بسترهای کاشت مناسب نیاز دارد. کار حاضر ریشه­زایی قلمه­های یاس زرد را توسط تیمار با غلظت­های مختلف تنظیم­­کننده­های رشد گیاهی ارزیابی کرد. قلمه‌ها 15 سانتی­متر طول داشته و پایه­ی آنها برداشته شد. بخش پایه­ی قلمه­ها با 0، 500، 1000 و 1500 میلی­گرم در لیتر از هر دوی ایندول بوتیریک اسید و نفتالن استیک اسید تیمار شدند. قلمه­های ساقه به مدت 10 ثانیه در محلول هورمون­ها نگهداری شدند و سپس در بستر حاوی سبوس برنج، شن و پرلیت و در شرایط گلخانه پرورش یافتند. بعد از 2 ماه، درصد قلمه­ی ساقه­ی ریشه­دارشده، تعداد ریشه در قلمه­های ساقه، طول ریشه و وزن تر و خشک قلمه­های ساقه تعیین شدند. بالاترین درصد ریشه­زایی (51 درصد) در قلمه­های تیمارشده با 1000 میلی­گرم در لیتر ایندول بوتیریک اسید و 1500 میلی­گرم در لیتر نفتالن استیک اسید به­دست آمد. بیشترین طول ریشه (66/4 سانتی­متر) در تیمار با 500 میلی­گرم در لیتر ایندول بوتیریک اسید و 1000 میلی­گرم در لیتر نفتالن استیک اسید به­دست آمد.    Manuscript profile
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        39 - Matthiola incana Micropropagation Using Shoot Tips and Callus Induction Derived from Lamina Explants and Rooting Capacity from Callus
        A. Ahmadi Hesar B. Kaviani D. Hashemabadi A.R. Tarang S. Bohlooli Zanjani M. H. Ansari
        Tissue culture is an attractive alternative for plant propagation. Micropropagation is a technique to ensure a constant and uniform source of ornamental plants. Matthiola incana is an important ornamental species mainly cultivate by seed. Matthiola incana seeds were ger More
        Tissue culture is an attractive alternative for plant propagation. Micropropagation is a technique to ensure a constant and uniform source of ornamental plants. Matthiola incana is an important ornamental species mainly cultivate by seed. Matthiola incana seeds were germinated on solid MS medium without plant growth regulators. Shoot proliferation and root formation are possible using kinetin (Kn) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Shoot tips and leaf micro-cuttings derived from in vitro germinated seedlings were subcultured on solid MS medium containing Kn (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg l-1) and NAA (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg l-1) for shoot tips explants and Kn (0, 0.5 and 1 mg l-1) and NAA (0, 0.5 and 1 mg l-1) for leaf explants. Shoot tips media supplemented with 2 mg l-1 Kn without NAA and 2 mg l-1 NAA without Kn resulted in the best shoot length (1.20 cm) and root number (1.90), respectively. The callus was induced from most leaf media after four weeks of culture. MS mediums containing 0.5 mg l-1 Kn and 0.5 mg l-1. The largest number (1.94) and the highest length (16.60 mm) of roots were obtained in MS medium supplemented with 1 mg l-1 Kn+0.5 mg l-1 NAA. NAA prevented root formation originated from callus with concentration of 1 mg l-1+0.5 and 1 mg l-1 Kn. Manuscript profile
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        40 - Effect of salicylic acid and gibberellic acid pre-treatment on accumulation of some ions and germination indices in canola (Brassica napus L.) under salt stress condition
        Mahta Haghjoo Abdollah Bahrani
        high germination rate and vigorous early growth under salty soils is preferred. In this study germination and seedling growth of a canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivar (Hayola 401) was assessed using in a factorial laid out in three separate experiments as Completely Ran More
        high germination rate and vigorous early growth under salty soils is preferred. In this study germination and seedling growth of a canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivar (Hayola 401) was assessed using in a factorial laid out in three separate experiments as Completely Randomized Design (CRD) testing combinations of four levels of salinity (0, 80, 160 and 240 mMol NaCl) and three levels of salicylic acid (0, 0.5 and 1 m gr Lit) in the first experiment, the same salinity levels with four levels of gibberellic acid (0,1.5, 3 and 4.5 m Mol) in the second experiment and the same salinity levels with four levels of abscisic acid (0, 2, 4 and 6 m Mol Lit) in the third experiment. Results showed that germination percentage and germination rate was significantly increased by salicylic acid (SA) and gibberellic acid (GA) under salinity conditions compared to non-treatment of these two hormones. Priming with SA could not improve radicle length and radicle dry weight in all salinity levels. Application of GA enhanced radicle and hypocotyl length in all salinity levels compared to untreated seeds with treatment. ABA decreased germination percentage to about 12 % in 2 m Mol than control. Priming with ABA could not improve radicle length in all salinity levels. Seeds primed with ABA improved dry weight of seedlings as compared to non-treatment of ABA under non salinity and salinity conditions. In general, tolerance to salinity in canola seed increased with SA, GA and ABA compared to control. Manuscript profile
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        41 - Effect of bromocriptine on thyroid hormone levels in human blood
        Siyamak Nayebi Reza Hajihosseini
        10.22034/jdb.2022.1954919.1297
        Drugs prescribed for the treatment of various diseases have side effects on various organs, including thyroid gland. Bromocriptine mesylase (bromocriptine) is a semi-synthetic alkaloid with high dopaminergic activity that directly stimulates dopamine neurotransmitters. More
        Drugs prescribed for the treatment of various diseases have side effects on various organs, including thyroid gland. Bromocriptine mesylase (bromocriptine) is a semi-synthetic alkaloid with high dopaminergic activity that directly stimulates dopamine neurotransmitters. In this study, samples were taken from two groups of patients over a period of 10 months. The first group included 25 normal clients and individuals which was known as euthyroid (with normal thyroid function with normal levels of thyroid gland) in the age range of 30-37 years (samples 1 to 25) and the second group included 25 other people with the same condition in the age range of 38-45 years (samples 26 to 50). Both groups used only bromocriptine tablets as drug treatment with the dose of 5mg/day in a period of at least 6 months. Based on the results, the levels of T3 and T4 hormones decreased significantly after treatment with bromocriptine. TSH levels showed a relative decrease in both age groups after treatment with bromocriptine. In this study, the effectiveness of bromocriptine on the level of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones T4, T3 and T-Uptake was confirmed by making statistically significant changes. Bromocriptine treatment appeared to affect two thyroid functions at two points, including the effect on TSH production by the hypothalamic axis as well as the disruption of T4 to T3 conversion in peripheral tissues. Manuscript profile
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        42 - The effect of cinnamon extract on sex hormones in adult female rats treated lead acetate
        Vahid Hemayatkhah Jahromi
         Lead, a toxic heavy metal that has numerous effects on biological systems, living organisms, including humans and various risks are created such as infertility.This study is to investigate the effect of cinnamon on sex hormone changes in adult rats treated lead ac More
         Lead, a toxic heavy metal that has numerous effects on biological systems, living organisms, including humans and various risks are created such as infertility.This study is to investigate the effect of cinnamon on sex hormone changes in adult rats treated lead acetate.. Animals used 42 adult female Wistar rats were divided into 7 groups, including control group that received no drug , the Sham group 1 (solvent), Sham group 2 (0.6 g daily lead acetate), Sham group 3 (1.5mg/kg of cinnamon extract daily), experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 per day in addition to 0.6g of lead acetate, respectively 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 mg/kg cinnamon extract for 14 days. At the end of the study, blood samples were taken and the concentration of the hormones estrogen and progesterone were measured by ELISA.. The results showed concentration of estrogen and progesterone hormones in the Sham group 2 has significantly decreased and in the Sham group 3 has significantly increased compared to the control group (P<0.05). The results showed that cinnamon extract in a dose dependent manner and with antioxidant properties reduce the effects of lead poisoning on sex hormones.. Manuscript profile
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        43 - The effect of mobile phone waves and using garlic on estrogen, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone hormones in rats
        Vahid Hemayatkhah Jahromi mahbobe Parnian
        Introduction: Electromagnetic waves is effect factor on sexual glands and fertility The present study aimed to determine the effect of mobile phone waves and using garlic on sexual hormones in rats. Methods: 28 adult male rats with average weight of 236.5 g were selecte More
        Introduction: Electromagnetic waves is effect factor on sexual glands and fertility The present study aimed to determine the effect of mobile phone waves and using garlic on sexual hormones in rats. Methods: 28 adult male rats with average weight of 236.5 g were selected. Rats were divided into 4 groups of 7. Experimental group A: Receiving 900 MHz microwave waves, experimental group B: receiving 20 ml the extract of cooked garlic, experimental group C: receiving 20 ml the extract of cooked garlic extract with microwave light at wave length 900 MHz, control group: untreated group with normal diet. Then the concentration of sexualhormones were measured. Results: Estrogen and hydroepiandrosterone levels that were exposured to electromagnetic wave were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P <0.05). The group with using garlic extract and receiving the wave of mobile phone simultaneously, there was a significant increasing in the concentration of estrogen, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone comparing to the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion and Discussion: Garlic extract could not offset the damaging effects of sexual hormones in rats were exposed to radiation and use garlic extract simultaneously. Manuscript profile
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        44 - Evaluation of the effect of different types and amounts of foliar application of jasmonate before fruit harvest on functional, physiological, qualitative and medicinal traits of two strawberry cultivars
        Mohammad Javad Mahdavi Lasibi Rezvan Karami Borz Abad Abolfazl Baghbani Arani
        10.30495/jdb.2022.1939687.1268
        To investigate the effect of different types and amounts of jasmines on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of two strawberry cultivars, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in Sadra Hydroponic Greenhouse of Shiraz Universi More
        To investigate the effect of different types and amounts of jasmines on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of two strawberry cultivars, a factorial experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in Sadra Hydroponic Greenhouse of Shiraz University in 2018. Experimental treatments include two types of jasmonate (jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate) each in five concentrations (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 mM) and (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mM) with four replications and three pots in each replication and two strawberry cultivars (Selva and Parus). Analysis of variance showed that the effect of experimental treatments on all studied traits except fruit weight and vitamin C was significant. The results showed that foliar application of jasmonate reduced chlorophyll content and leaf dry weight in both strawberry cultivars, while the highest number of fruits in Selva cultivar was obtained by foliar application of 2 mM jasmonic acid. The results also showed that increasing the concentration of jasmonates by reducing the total acidity and increasing fruit anthocyanins in both cultivars, improved the quality properties of strawberries. In general, Selva cultivar is more effective than jasmonate by producing soluble solids and the ratio of soluble solids to total acidity is more significant and the amount of total acidity is lower than Parus cultivar, it is more desirable in terms of quality. Manuscript profile
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        45 - Interaction between hormonal treatments and type of explant on callus formation and photosynthetic pigments in chicory (Cichorium intybus L.)
        Mahin Ghaemi zahra zare Fariba Aghili
        10.30495/jdb.2022.689261
        Chicory (Cichorium intybus L) is an important medicinal plant with valuable secondary metabolites. Chicory callus is a good source for the production and extraction of metabolites of this plant. In this study, chicory callus changes were investigated about some morpholo More
        Chicory (Cichorium intybus L) is an important medicinal plant with valuable secondary metabolites. Chicory callus is a good source for the production and extraction of metabolites of this plant. In this study, chicory callus changes were investigated about some morphological and biochemical characteristics to obtain the best hormonal treatment. Healthy seedlings were prepared from sterile chicory seeds in ½ MS culture medium. Stem, leaf, and root explants were prepared from seedlings and used for culture in liquid MS and 2,4-D, BAP, and kinetin hormones at concentrations of 0.5, 0.75, and 1 mg / l were cultured. The results showed that callus was yellow and green to dark brown and callus texture also showed from weak and soft to firm. The highest percentage of callus (76.22%) related to leaf explant and treatment 2,4-D (0.5mg / L), the highest amount of fresh weight of callus (7.30 g), and dry weight of callus (0.077 g) In leaf explant and Kin treatment (0.75 mg / L), the highest amount of chlorophyll a, b and total was related to leaf and BAP hormone treatment (0.75 mg / L). The highest amount of carotenoids was related to root explant and Kin (1 mg / L). In general, the interactions of hormones and explants affect different callus-forming characteristics and these effects depend on the type of explants and the concentration of growth regulators, and the greatest effect was observed in leaf explant culture. Manuscript profile
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        46 - The effects of auxine and cytokinin hormones on maize grain quality unde drought stress condition
        Ali Mahrokh Majid Nabipour Habibalah Roshanfekr Rajab Chogan
        This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of auxin and cytokinin spraying in different growth stages on grain composition of maize (KSC 704) under drought stress condition during 2013 growing season at Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran. The experim More
        This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of auxin and cytokinin spraying in different growth stages on grain composition of maize (KSC 704) under drought stress condition during 2013 growing season at Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran. The experiment was carried out in three separate environments included non-drought stress environment, drought stress in the vegetative stage and drought stress in the reproductive stage. In each environment, foliar application of cytokinin in three stages (control, V5 –V6 and V8-V10) and foliar application of auxin in three stages (control, silk emergence and 15 days after that) was laid out as a factorial design based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that the maximum protein (10.93%) and soluble sugar (5.80%) in grain were obtained under drought stress in the productive stage whereas the maximum starch (77.37%) and grain dry mater (90.83%) were obtained in non-stress condition. Foliar application of cytokinin in V8-V10 stage, increased convert starch to soluble sugar on the other hand, foliar application of auxin in silk emergence stage caused converting hexose sugars to starch, increasing the sink capacity (grain endosperm) for receiving more starch and also increasing the grain dry mater . Manuscript profile
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        47 - Effect of salicylic acid application times on biochemical, agronomic and yield characteristics of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in different humidity regimes
        mojtaba shoaa Farhad Mohajeri Mohammad Rahim Owji Alireza Bagheri
        In order to investigate the effects of external application time of salicylic acid hormone on morphological and physiological properties of barley (Nosrat cultivar) under stress conditions in Neyriz city during two cropping years 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 a split plot exp More
        In order to investigate the effects of external application time of salicylic acid hormone on morphological and physiological properties of barley (Nosrat cultivar) under stress conditions in Neyriz city during two cropping years 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with the main factor of different irrigation conditions (without irrigation, two irrigation and four times of irrigation) and the sub factor of salicylic acid foliar application times (without foliar application, tillering end 50% emergence of stem and end of flag leaf emergence) was conducted. The results showed That without irrigation treatment reduced leaf chlorophyll index and chlorophyll a and b by 74.2%, 66.02 and 42.31%, respectively. without irrigation Treatment also significantly reduced grain yield. It was 86.9% (average of two years of experiment). Foliar application at the end of tillering increased grain yield by 10.36% on average. Increased grain yield due foliar application at the end of tillering in without treatment irrigation was 6.2% and in four times irrigation treatments was 10.1%, which indicates the positive effect foliar application in higher humidity conditions. Foliar application increased the concentration of proline compared to the control without foliar application. The highest proline concentration was foliar application at the end of tillering. Proline concentration increased with decreasing irrigation frequency. The results indicate application of salicylic acid at the end of tillering by improving biochemical properties is effective in reducing the effects of drought stress and its use in barley is recommended in similar water and soil conditions. Manuscript profile
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        48 - Regulation of Potato Morphogenetic Processes in vitro by Hormonal and Light Actions
        Kuanysh Syman Rauza Turpanova Raissa Utegaliyeva Nazym Bekenova Demeuova Lyazat
        10.22034/jchr.2023.1976716.1666
        Manuscript profile
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        49 - Metabolic and Hormonal Effects of COVID-19 and the Role of Exercise in Coping with It during Infection and Recovery
        Saeid Fatolahi Shahnaz Shahrbanian Nemat Nematollahi Kelly E. Johnson Ayoub Saeidi
        10.22034/jchr.2022.1944138.1451
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        50 - The Influence of Overt Hyperthyroidism on the Plasma Level of β- type Natriuretic Peptide
        Ruqaya M. Al-sultan Hazim A. Mohammed
        10.22034/jchr.2021.684439
        Manuscript profile
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        51 - The Effects of Desmopressin Acetate during the Prenatal and Neonatal Development of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis on Serum Levels of Sexual Hormones at Puberty in Male Rats
        سید ابراهیم حسینی مختار مختاری گلشید ساکی
        Desmopressin acetate (DA) is one of the synthetic replacements of vasopressin. Considering the possible effects of this medication on the reproductive system, in the present study the effects of this medication during fetal and neonatal development of the hypothalamic p More
        Desmopressin acetate (DA) is one of the synthetic replacements of vasopressin. Considering the possible effects of this medication on the reproductive system, in the present study the effects of this medication during fetal and neonatal development of the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal (HPG) axis on sexual hormones of peripubertal male rat offspring was determined. In this experimental study fifty female and twenty adult male wistar rats were used. after becoming pregnant, females were divided into five groups of ten including the control group (no treatment), Sham group 1 and experimental group 1 which received intraperitoneal injection of distilled water and 6mcg/Kg/day DA, prenatally, and Sham group 2 and experimental group 2 that received nothing, but their offspring received intraperitoneal injection of distilled water and 6mcg/Kg/day DA, neonatally. At ninth weeks after birth, the concentration of sexual hormones was measured by Electrochemiluminescence. The results were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA test. The results indicate that the concentration of sexual hormones in prenatally and neonatally treated male rats was not significantly different than the control group. It is suggested that DA doesnandrsquo;t cross the placenta and doesnandrsquo;t interfere with fetal development of HPG axis of male rat offspring. Also, because of the stopped development of leydig cells and its inactivated receptors during neonatal period, the steroidogenesis of leydig cells during pripubertal period wouldnandrsquo;t undergo the effects of DA which was injected at the first week of life. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        52 - The Effect of Urtica dioica Hydro-Alcoholic Extract on the Plasma Level of Pituitary Thyroid Axis Hormones and Some of the Liver Enzymes in Adult Male Wistar Rat
        حیدر آقابابا سیده نیره حسینی سید ابراهیم حسینی
        Urtica dioicais a herbaceous, perennial and enumerate medicinal plant.Urtica dioica is an indigene plant in Iran and in last years many pharmaceutics effect are reported about it plant. In this research, the effect of Urtica dioicahydro-alcoholic extract of the plasma l More
        Urtica dioicais a herbaceous, perennial and enumerate medicinal plant.Urtica dioica is an indigene plant in Iran and in last years many pharmaceutics effect are reported about it plant. In this research, the effect of Urtica dioicahydro-alcoholic extract of the plasma levels of thyroid hormones (T4, T3), TSH and liver enzymes,alanin amino transfrase(ALT), aspartate amino transfrase(AST), alkaline phosphatase(ALP) were studied. In this experimental study, the experiments were performed on 40 adult male wistar rats with weight about 210andplusmn;10 gr, which were divided into 5 groups. The experimental groups received 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg of the Urtica dioica extract with injected intraperitoneally (IP) for 28 days respectively. Sham group received only solvent (distilled water) and control group did not receive any thing. At the end of experiment by collecting the blood samples from heart animals, plasma level of T3,T4 and TSH were measured by using ELISA Technique and enzymes liver AST, ALT, ALP by photometric method. Detected data were analyzed by T-test and ANOVA (pandle; 0/05). The results showed significant increase in the level of TSH hormone in the each three experimental groups compared with the control group. The level of T4 hormone significantly decreased in the each three experimental groups compared with the control group. Also the level of T3 showed significant decrease in experimental group receiving 50,100 mg/kg extract compared with the control group. The Level of AST, ALT enzymes in experimental groups showed no significant difference compared with the control group, While ALP enzyme in experimental and sham groups showed significant increase compared with control group. The results of this research have been shown that extract of this plant could affect on HPT axis and have no effect on some of the liver enzymes respectively. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        53 - The Effect of Garlic Extract on Sexual Hormones in Heat-stressedFemale Mice
        مهرداد مدرسی مهدی حیدری
        Heat stress is one of the most important environmental pressures especially in tropics which reduce sexual performance by affecting whole vital system. Garlic (Allium sativum) as an effective pharmaceutical plant has been proposed for increasing resistance against stres More
        Heat stress is one of the most important environmental pressures especially in tropics which reduce sexual performance by affecting whole vital system. Garlic (Allium sativum) as an effective pharmaceutical plant has been proposed for increasing resistance against stress. Current research was carried out to study the effects of garlic hydro alcoholic extract on reproductive hormones in female mice under heat stress. Fifty female mice were studied in five groups and ten replications. Experimental treatments were control group (normal situation without receiving extract), 0, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg of body weight of external for thirty days. Blood samples were taken at the end of experiment period and estrogen, progesterone, FSH and LH hormones were measured. Obtained data were analyzed using SPSS program. Heat stress reduced all sexual hormones significantly (p Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        54 - Evaluation of the Effect of Satureja Edmondi on the Level of Pituitary-gonadal Hormones in Normal Rats and Those Induced by Chemical Kindling with Pentylenetetrazole
        Somayeh Bohlouli Gelavij Mahmoodi
        Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that occurs in both men and women, but is more likely to occur in men than women. Epilepsy and many antiepileptic drugs cause reproductive disorders and reduce the quality of semen in men and increase the risk of infertility in men wi More
        Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that occurs in both men and women, but is more likely to occur in men than women. Epilepsy and many antiepileptic drugs cause reproductive disorders and reduce the quality of semen in men and increase the risk of infertility in men with epilepsy. some medicinal plants prevents the progression of the disease and the occurrence of epileptic seizures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Satureja edmondi on the level of pituitary-gonadal hormones in normal and epileptic rats with pentylenetetrazole. In this study, 48 Wistar rats were used. Rats were divided into two groups: normal and kindling with pentylenetetrazole, and each group was divided into three subgroups, control and treated with doses of 150 and 300 ppm Satureja edmondi essential oil. After 4 weeks, rats were examined for pituitary-gonadal hormone levels. Data analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA method and Tukey post hoc test and P Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        55 - Evaluation of yield and yield components of mung bean under the influence spraying humic acid fertilizer iron and salicylic acid
        Abbas Khalili Tayeb Sakinejad Teymur Babaei Nejad
        This experiment was conducted based on factorial layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The first factor was humic acid fertilizer in three levels (0, 50 and 100 mg/L) and the second factor was salicylic acid at 3 levels (0, 2 and 4 mM). The More
        This experiment was conducted based on factorial layout with completely randomized block design with 3 replications. The first factor was humic acid fertilizer in three levels (0, 50 and 100 mg/L) and the second factor was salicylic acid at 3 levels (0, 2 and 4 mM). The results showed difference between the levels of Humic iron fertilizer in terms of number of seeds per pod 1000 seed weight, grain yield, biological yield and harvest index at 1% level of probability. The difference between salicylic acid levels was significant in all traits measured at 1% level. In interaction, number of pods per plant and grain yield were significant at 5% probability level, but no significant difference was observed in the remaining traits. The highest grain yield in the interactions of humic acid and salicylic acid was observed in treatment of 100 mg/l humic acid and 4 mM salicylic acid with 2793 kg/ha and the lowest in control treatment with 1033 kg/ha. The highest number of pods per plant was related to treatment with 100 mg / l humic acid and 4 mM salicylic acid with 25 pods per plant and the lowest in control treatment with 15 pods per plant. According to these results, application of concentration of 100 mg/l of humic acid and 4 mM salicylic acid in comparison to other treatments improves the growth analysis and increases the yield and components and is recommended in the region as well.    Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        56 - The effect of concurrent aerobic resistance exercise on thyroid hormones, body composition, and maximum oxygen consumption of sedentary overweight and obese women with hypothyroidism
        fatemeh loghmani Khartomi mohadeseh dadmanesh Anahita  Shabani
        Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of simultaneous resistance aerobic training on selected indicators of body composition, maximal oxygen consumption and thyroid hormones in sedentary overweight and obese women with hypothyroidism. Materi More
        Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of simultaneous resistance aerobic training on selected indicators of body composition, maximal oxygen consumption and thyroid hormones in sedentary overweight and obese women with hypothyroidism. Material & Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 24 women with hypothyroidism were randomly divided into two control groups (number = 12 people; body mass index: 31.33±3.62 kg/m2) and experimental (number= 12 people; body mass index: 32.33 ± 4.05 kg/m2) were divided. The experimental group did 8 weeks of simultaneous aerobic-resistance training. Each session consisted of 30 minutes of aerobic training (80-55% of maximum heart rate) and 30 minutes of resistance training. Before and after the 8-week training period, body composition measurements (weight, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, and fat percentage), maximum oxygen consumption (Rockport 1609-meter walking test) and blood hormone measurements (TSH and T4) to It was done. Statistical information was measured by SPSS software version 26 and the statistical level α<0.05 was considered. Results: Compared to the pre-test in the experimental group, there was a significant decrease in the variable of weight (p=0.01), body mass index (p=0.008), body fat percentage (p=0.002), TSH (p=0.005) and a significant increase in maximum oxygen consumption (p=0.002), T4 (p=0.01) was seen, but no significant difference was observed in the variable of waist circumference to hip circumference. In the inter-group comparison, there was no significant difference in all the variables in the pre-test, and in the post-test comparison, there was a significant decrease in the experimental group compared to the control group, but there was no change in the waist-to-hip ratio variable. Conclusions: These findings show that resistance aerobic exercise has an effect on selected indicators of body composition, maximal oxygen consumption, and thyroid hormones in sedentary, overweight and obese women with hypothyroidism. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        57 - The Effect of Growth Regulators on Some Photosynthetic Traits and Maintenance of Cell Membrane Structure of Flag Leaf of Two Wheat Cultivars under Rainfed Conditions
        Ali  Rasaei Saeid Jalali-Honarmand Mohsen Saeidi Mohammad-Eghbal Ghobadi
        When the plant is exposed to abiotic stresses, the cell membrane is the first part of the cell to be affected by stress, and the relationships of the many of physiological and biochemical cell of the plant are disrupted. The effect of three growth hormones (3 indoleacet More
        When the plant is exposed to abiotic stresses, the cell membrane is the first part of the cell to be affected by stress, and the relationships of the many of physiological and biochemical cell of the plant are disrupted. The effect of three growth hormones (3 indoleacetic acid [IAA], gibberellic acid [GA3] and 6 benzylaminopurine [6 BAP]) with a control (distilled water) was evaluated at booting stage of two wheat cultivars (Rijaw and Azar 2). A factorial experiment using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was setup at Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran in 2013-14 and 2014-15. Based on the results, the effect of different growth hormones on SPAD, relative water content, Fv/Fm, performance index, leaf cell membrane stability and photosynthetic rate of both cultivars were significant. Among growth hormones, foliar application of Cytokinin and Auxin had the greatest effect on the measured leaf traits and the lowest mean of the traits was obtained in non-spraying treatment (control). Between the two cultivars, Rijaw cultivar was superior to Azar-2. There was also a positive and significant correlation between cell membrane stability and photosynthesis rate, Fv/Fm and performance index. In general, in dryland conditions (water deficiency) with external application of cytokinin in booting stage in superior wheat cultivar (Rijaw) cell membrane stability, relative water content, photosynthetic rate and Fv/Fm were 16, 18, 38 and 45 percent higher than the control, respectively. Manuscript profile

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