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Open Access Article
1 - Assessing the realization rate of the components of human-centered approach in old and new urban neighborhoods (Case study: Nasar and Eram neighborhoods of Semnan)
Aliakbar Salaripour benyamin hasanzadeh baghi sahar nazariThe existence of cities and, on a smaller scale, urban neighborhoods has been a human achievement and a product of human needs throughout history. Neighborhood is a place where the experience of life should be formed and appropriate spaces and physical environment are p MoreThe existence of cities and, on a smaller scale, urban neighborhoods has been a human achievement and a product of human needs throughout history. Neighborhood is a place where the experience of life should be formed and appropriate spaces and physical environment are prerequisites for the formation of such an experience. But the occurrence of events such as the Industrial Revolution, the penetration of modern thinking, the use of automotive planning instead of human-centered planning and the lack of attention of urban management to old neighborhoods and endogenous development and also due to disregard for human needs in neighborhoods, especially in Old neighborhoods that are very vulnerable have changed the attitude of residents towards their neighborhoods. Today, by creating approaches such as "human-centered neighborhood" or "human-centered urban planning", efforts have been made to create neighborhoods for human life with all human characteristics.This research is descriptive-analytical and based on quantitative methods and distribution of questionnaires among citizens, it has been done to evaluate the implementation of human-centered approach components in Nasar and Eram neighborhoods of Semnan as old and new urban neighborhoods. The results showed that there is a significant difference in the level of the two neighborhoods in the level of realization of the components of the human-centered approach. So that in Eram neighborhood, the level of residents' satisfaction is more desirable than Nassar neighborhood and Eram neighborhood is a more human-centered neighborhood than Nassar neighborhood, and this result is contrary to public perception. However, despite the disregard for physical and environmental qualities in such neighborhoods and the lack of proper planning to solve the problems of its residents, some components and indicators of human-centered approach in the old neighborhoods have been reduced. Assessing the level of human-centered approach indicators in the study areas, shows that in the old neighborhood of Nasar, the indicators of "social solidarity" and "safety against hazards" were ranked highest and lowest, respectively. In the new neighborhood of Eram, the index of "environmental cleanliness" was ranked first and the index of "suitable green space" was ranked last. The structural model of the research path using the PLS technique shows that the "security and safety" component has the greatest impact on the realization of the human-centered approach.According to the research results, it can be said that contrary to the existing mentality that the old neighborhoods are more human-centered and respond to the needs of its residents. However, due to problems such as physical exhaustion, lack of safety against dangers, etc., in addition to creating dissatisfaction among the residents of the old neighborhoods, it has damaged the identity and position of the traditional Iranian neighborhood as a human-centered neighborhood. Therefore, in order to improve the position of neighborhoods in cities and humanize them, a kind of balance and proportion in facilities, services, etc. should be created in neighborhoods with logical and flexible planning. In the end, solutions were presented to return the components of the human-centered approach and improve the situation of Nasar neighborhood. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Investigating the development of sports tourism based on indigenous and local sports in Semnan province
elahe damavandi sahar Taheri Hashjin Hossein Poursoltani ZarandiPurpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate the development of sports tourism based on indigenous and local sports in Semnan province.Research method: The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey type. The statistical population MorePurpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate the development of sports tourism based on indigenous and local sports in Semnan province.Research method: The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey type. The statistical population was all the sports experts of the Ministry of Sports and the selected youths, the heads of the selected sports teams, sports management professors and experts in the field of sports tourism, experts of the Cultural Heritage and Tourism Organization and an unknown number. The non-random sampling method was available. The statistical sample size was considered to be 384 people using Cochran's formula and alpha 0.05. Data collection was done with a researcher-made questionnaire that included 4 components and 25 items, whose validity and reliability were confirmed. For data analysis, Kolmogorov Smirnov test was used to check the normality of data distribution, prioritization of variables using Friedman test and confirmatory factor analysis of variables using structural equation modeling.For data analysis, structural equation modeling was used by partial least squares method with the help of SPSS and PLS Smart statistical software.Findings: The validity analysis of model divergence, the square root of variance of optimal structures, social factor, infrastructural factor, cultural factor, managerial factor, was calculated and to confirm the reliability of the questionnaire, the value of Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability are above 0.7 and two criteria (coefficient Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability coefficient) were used.Conclusion: The results of the research showed that there is a significant difference between the priorities of factors affecting the tourism development of Semnan province. Based on this, the priority of factors affecting the tourism development of Semnan province included management factor (2.86), cultural factor (2.78), infrastructural factor (2.77) and social factor (1.60). The research model was appropriate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Study of different types of mulch efficiency on soil retain moisture in planting seedlings in arid areas by black saxaul (Haloxylon ammodendron) in Semnan province
Dariush Ghorbanian Alireza Eftekhari Ehsan Zandi Esfahan Nusratollah Hasani Behroz ArastoThe most appropriate method of maintaining soil moisture in planting in dry areas is to cover the surface of the soil around the planted seedlings with natural and artificial mulches. To investigate the effect of different types of mulch in soil retain moisture, two typ MoreThe most appropriate method of maintaining soil moisture in planting in dry areas is to cover the surface of the soil around the planted seedlings with natural and artificial mulches. To investigate the effect of different types of mulch in soil retain moisture, two types of natural and artificial mulch were used around the seedlings. This design is in the form of a complete random block with two main treatments including natural cover (gravel and sand) and artificial cover (light and black plastic) and four secondary treatments including pebbles, sand, light plastic, and black plastic and in three areas of Semnan, Ghoshe, and Damghan was performed. A control group was also considered. Each sub-treatment was planted in three replicates and 25 samples (black saxaul) were planted in each replicate. Immediately after planting the seedlings and irrigation, the mulch cover was placed around the seedlings. The soil moisture was measured by TDR device at a 10-day interval. The results related to the soil moisture showed that the level of the soil moisture in the black plastic treatment was significantly higher than other mulches. The results of the height of seedlings showed that the black plastic and control groups had the greatest effect on the soil retain moisture. Despite the difference in the soil moisture percentage in all types of natural and synthetic mulches, this difference did not show any significant change in the studied areas. The results of variance analysis of the seedling height showed that the differences in natural and artificial mulches and the control group were significant at the 99% level, but this was not significant in different areas. Examining the correlation between the seedling height and soil moisture percentage in different treatments showed that the highest correlation was in the sand treatment (R2 = 78.8). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The geography of the presidential election of Iran with an eye on the Semnan province
زهرا Pishgahifard حیدر LotfiElection are a symbol of and the most fundamental basis of democratic governments allover the world. Through elections people will either bestow power over the governors orwill deprive them of such a power. In this way, They will provide the governments withlegitimacy. MoreElection are a symbol of and the most fundamental basis of democratic governments allover the world. Through elections people will either bestow power over the governors orwill deprive them of such a power. In this way, They will provide the governments withlegitimacy. Through the adoption of the right political policy during the elections, peoplewill determine the country's general policy for limited expansion of time.In this respect, the geography of elections, which is as significat branch of geographicaldomains, could be regarded as the basis of elections in three domains:local, regional andnational. In this way it could analyze, the election results in this domains.Although limited elections took place at local levels prior to the eslamic revolution,people's practical participation in decision- making were rare. After the eslamicrevolution, due to the political changes, elections were carried out at the local, regionaland national levels.Among these elections, the presidential election, through which peopleelect the second person in the system, carries a specific significance.This thesis unde the title of :" the geography of the presidential election of iran with aneye on the semnan province", has tried to provide solutions for the following threequestions : 1) Is there a relation between the iranian presidential elections and thegeographical regions of iran ? 2) Do the functions of the president with his spesificpolitical inclinations have any effect on the future elections? 3) Is the rate of people'sparticipations in elections and their ways of their decision – makinng a function of thewhole electoral procedures in iran?In this paper, which is an applied research , the writer has answered three questionsthrough the collection of data. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - A Survey of finding locations for fire fighting stations in semnan by utillzation geography information system
yousef Ali ZiariFire fighting stations and their locations in helping and rescuing people areconsidered to be very important in cities. fire fighters can have an important role inproviding comfort and security for their citizens and economy of the cities.So, giving proper and on time S MoreFire fighting stations and their locations in helping and rescuing people areconsidered to be very important in cities. fire fighters can have an important role inproviding comfort and security for their citizens and economy of the cities.So, giving proper and on time Services via fire fighting stations requires them to bestationed at good locations.The main purpose of establishing fire fightings stations isto provide part of the security in cities for the purposes mentioned above. For reachingthis goal, unified systematic view function in cities ingredient in micro level anddirection cities structure in the macro level is importan whieh is achieved more eventin geographical information system .In this reserch,the main goal is to find the bestlocation for fire fighting in semnan, or to transfare some of the stations from theirpresent locations if neccessary.In this research,attempts have beenmade to find themost appropriate places for the fire fighters to be stationed at new places. Therefore,inorder to find scientific and exact places a combination of geographical informationsystem GIS and AHP has been used .After priamcary studies and gathering useful datafor setslaction in the fire fighting .The effective criteria were dividied in to six groupsand , then by means of analytical hierarchy process the weight of each criteria wasdetermind and finally was mixed by means of index overlay .The results with highflexibility were offered in six forms. After putting together the plans obtained,firstproper initial restrictions were proposed. Then the exact position of each proposedstation within this boundary was determind in a way that they are able to cover themaximum area and give services. At the end, a part from the existing stations twomore were added and five new stations were suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - An Analysis of the Role of Urban Symbols in Identifying Places (Case Study Semnan City)
zeynab karkehabadi maryam shabaniIntroduction & Objective: Urban symbols as a significant element of the city are a valuable tool for introducing the identity of the city. Which can be a full-fledged mirror of the identity and culture of the city. Identity crisis has become a complication of urbani MoreIntroduction & Objective: Urban symbols as a significant element of the city are a valuable tool for introducing the identity of the city. Which can be a full-fledged mirror of the identity and culture of the city. Identity crisis has become a complication of urbanization, which is reflected today in chaotic cities devoid of cultural and social values. The use of symbols with specific religious concepts that express our historical, cultural and religious identity in urban spaces causes more communication between citizens and identification of city residents. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of urban symbols in identifying a place in the city Is Semnan. Method: present study as an applied study is based on descriptive method of correlation type. statistical population of 185129 people in semnan city and sample size were 385 persons according to the cochran formula. to analyze the data and test the hypotheses, spss software has been used. in order to collect data and information, a questionnaire was constructed and the questionnaire was used in the sample of sample society (citizens)to assess the validity of the research tool by cronbach's alpha coefficient. Cronbach " s alpha coefficient on indices of measurement (901 / 0)is the validity of the research tool. Findings: The findings of the study show that the symbol of the city in Semnan does not correspond to the beauty and appropriateness of the culture of the region. The equipment of the city symbol in the city of Semnan is not well done in terms of location. Conclusion: Urban symbols can identify cities, provided that specialized people (architect, sculptor, urban planner) are used in its design and installation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Monitoring and Forecasting of Effective Climatic Factors on the Mobility of Sand Dunes in Semnan province
Ebrahim Yousefi Mobarhan Mansor Ghodrati Mohammad KhosroshahiWind erosion and the movement of quicksands are considered as one of the important processes of land degradation and a serious challenge in Iran. In this study, an attempt was made to estimate the frequency of dust days in synoptic stations of Semnan province by conside MoreWind erosion and the movement of quicksands are considered as one of the important processes of land degradation and a serious challenge in Iran. In this study, an attempt was made to estimate the frequency of dust days in synoptic stations of Semnan province by considering the weather conditions. Also, the activity of sand dunes based on Lancaster index was examined. The results of this study during the statistical period of 15 years (2003-2017) showed Damghan station with 10% of erosive winds and 1058 days with dust and Shahroud station with 1% of erosive winds and 58 days with dust and Dust has the highest and lowest percentages of winds with speeds higher than the wind erosion threshold, respectively. The results of Lancaster index showed that Damghan city with the highest index has the potential of "fully active" wind sediments and therefore the stabilization of sand dunes is essential to reduce the damage caused by the activity of sand dunes in this area. The results of predicting the effects of possible changes in climatic factors on the mobility of quicksand in the selected station of the province showed that the sensitivity of sand mobility to changes due to increase in rain more than wind speed and to changes in decrease due to rain less than wind speed and if the average wind speed decreases by 30% in the future or the amount of rainfall increases by 30%, the condition of the hills will change from fully active to active. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Evaluation of Using Physical Floating Covers in Reducing Evaporation Loses from Small-Reservoirs Water Surface in Arid and Semi-arid Regions
Fateme Hooshmanzade Mohammad reza Yazdani Seyed Farhad MousaviBackground and Aim: The lack of water resources in arid and semi-arid regions like our country and the high volume of water losses through evaporation have made the importance of appropriate and practical methods to reduce evaporation from water reservoirs to be more an MoreBackground and Aim: The lack of water resources in arid and semi-arid regions like our country and the high volume of water losses through evaporation have made the importance of appropriate and practical methods to reduce evaporation from water reservoirs to be more and more clear day by day. Water is one of the most essential human needs. Evaporation is one of the climatic phenomenon in lakes and open space water loss. Different types of decreasing evaporation varied according to regional and economic conditions and environmental issues. On the other hand, in Iran the research conducted regarding reducing and controlling evaporation from water reservoirs is limited. Therefore, the current research is carried out with the aim of using new, economic, and appropriate to climatic conditions and accessible methods to reduce evaporation from water reservoirs, especially agricultural water reservoirs, in the Semnan region.Method: The efficiency of 6 physical covers (white plastic balls, empty bottles, bottles filled with straw and stubble, green canopy net with 50% density, green canopy net with 80% density, and white canopy net with 50% density), after preparation on the sunken Colorado evaporation pans, is evaluated in four periods of about 30 days in fall 2018 and winter of 2019 and spring and summer of 2021. Measuring the amount of evaporation from pans during 4 periods of approximately 30 days in different seasons of the year are done daily at 10:30 in autumn and winter and at 9:30 in spring and summer. It should be noted that the water temperature is also measured using an alcohol thermometer at the same time as the water level reading.Results: Based on the results of measurements, the rate of evaporation from the treatments of white plastic balls, empty bottles, bottles containing straw and stubble, green canopy net with 50% density, green canopy net with 80% density, canopy net White with a density of 50% and the control is equal to 259, 320, 213, 277, 369, 283 and 754 mm, respectively in four periods, which clearly shows a significant reduction in the evaporation of the applying six covers to the amount of 66, 58, 72, 63, 52 and 61 percent compared to the control treatment.Conclusion: In general, according to the efficiency of all the treatments in this research and the application of these covers, taking into account the economic, social conditions and the feasibility of implementation, in order to reduce evaporation from open water reservoirs, especially agricultural water storage pools, it is evaluated as efficient and suitable. Generally, among the methods used, the most efficient related to the bottle filled with straw and stubble, followed by plastic ball treatments and green canopy netting with a density of 80 are evaluated as the most appropriate methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Site selection of wind farms in Semnan province by using AHP method
Hasan Rezaei mokhtar karami Fahimeh ShakeriBackground and Objective: Limited fossil energy source and increase of energy demand is always pushed man to search for new energy sources as replacement. In this case the winds always have a special place in the new generation of energy sources. Semnan province with fa MoreBackground and Objective: Limited fossil energy source and increase of energy demand is always pushed man to search for new energy sources as replacement. In this case the winds always have a special place in the new generation of energy sources. Semnan province with favourable topographical and relativity suitable situation is one of the best places for building a wind farm. Method: Therefore, in this research different criteria and sub criteria have been used to identify the suitable location for building wind farms in Semnan province, As the importance of information fusion, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method were employed for weighting the layers and the Expert Choice software implemented for this purpose. The Arc GIS program has been used for special analyses and overlapping of layers. After the analysis of information, according to the capacity of building wind farms, province of Semnan has been divided to four parts of great, good, normal and weak. Findings: At last, it is indicated that Geographic Information System as a Supportive Decision making system can be practical both in preparing of data and designing the priorities and giving expert's ideas dealing with different factors and also help the designers to select the proper location for the wind farms. Discussion and Conclusion: In this research, three regions have been determined, considering priority of overlaying and limitation of land and places, survey of priority area also considering the climate condition and personal observation have been determined that this places are Damghan, Nothwestern of Garmsar and and some part of eastern Shahroud. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Environmental Impact Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Sanitary Landfill, Semnan, Iran
Niloofar Abedinzadeh Mokaram Ravanbakhsh Tooba AbediAbstractIntroductionDue to inaccurate and irregular development of cities, lack of proper consumption patterns andincreasing growth and production of solid waste and also problems and disorders of solid wastemanagement system, the most logical and most cost-effective me MoreAbstractIntroductionDue to inaccurate and irregular development of cities, lack of proper consumption patterns andincreasing growth and production of solid waste and also problems and disorders of solid wastemanagement system, the most logical and most cost-effective method for municipal solid wastedisposal is sanitary landfill. This method is a specific engineering operation which is done by solidwaste disposal with minimal health and environmental risks using daily soil cover, creatingimpenetrable layer on the bottom of Landfill to prevent leakage of Leachate and contamination ofgroundwater, leachate collection system and use of layer of sand to control the methane gas. The areaunder study includes total Semnan city with 2291 km2 area. It is located between geographicalcoordinates 34 degrees, 14 minutes and 36 degrees, 11 minutes of north latitudes and 52 degrees, 46minutes and 54 degrees, 11 minutes of east longitudes. The proposed location for construction ofsanitary landfill of Semnan is 25 acres of land which is located 20 km southeast of Semnan.Material and methodIn this paper environmental impact assessment of municipal solid waste sanitary - Engineering landfillof Semnan city and comparing it with not to execute alternative (current landfill) by using a fastmatrix has been done and Parameters have been evaluated on the basis of defined criteria.ResultsResults show that adverse effects resulting from construction activities and operation are in low andvery low level and the positive consequences are at low and medium groups. Soil and air pollution arethe most important environmental problems and creating green spaces, employment, increasingincome, satisfaction of local communities, increasing health indicators are the most desirableenvironmental factors of project. According to the results, sanitary landfill of solid waste in Semnan atthe proposed site with regards to high potential design to solve the health problems in accordance withthe reform options in order to protect air and soil and it is evaluated totally as positive action and willbe permitted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Environmental Evaluation of Existing Solid Waste landfill of Semnan in the basis of Site Selection Criteria
Niloofar Abedinzadeh Fatemeh GhanbariIntroduction: Today by increasing the urbanization in bid cities and increasing solid waste percapita for industrialization of societies, waste collection and disposal have hanged to one of the most important issues in municipal solid waste management. Solid waste landf MoreIntroduction: Today by increasing the urbanization in bid cities and increasing solid waste percapita for industrialization of societies, waste collection and disposal have hanged to one of the most important issues in municipal solid waste management. Solid waste landfills have adverse impacts on environment. These impacts will intensify more when landfill sites have chosen without any site selection processes. Therefore it is essential usage of current evaluation techniques for identification of adverse impacts and offer approaches in order to diminishing negative impacts. Methods and materials: Many difference parameters and criteria are used for site selecting and evaluating of landfills. In this study, the landfill of Semnan have been evaluated by using data from slope, topography, land use, soil type and ground water maps via three current methods of evaluating of landfills. Results: This site is classified in good category in Oleckno method, acceptable category by using Monavari method and it is placed in better score range by applying Drastic method. Conclousion: Despite this site has chosen without site selection process, it locates in suitable position. According to this study, it is necessary to attend engineering action and design and landfill management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Study of Ecological Capability of Industrial Development using GIS (Case Study: Development of Semnan Industrial Town)
Hamid Rahimipour Ali Asghar Ale sheikh Fatemeh Khosravi Zahra Samadi TariBackground and Objective: Attention to land capability for establishment of industries and also wise and sustainable use of land to prevent environmental crises have been considerd by planners in recent years. Regarding the necessity of ecological capability evaluation MoreBackground and Objective: Attention to land capability for establishment of industries and also wise and sustainable use of land to prevent environmental crises have been considerd by planners in recent years. Regarding the necessity of ecological capability evaluation for different uses before any development plan, land capability for development of Semnan industrial town has been studied in this paper. Method: In this regard, Multi-Criteria Evaluation (MCE) was used accoding to Makhdoom industrial development model. In the first stage, environmental resources were identified. Next, land capability was determined by overlaying the different layers in GIS. Conclusion: Considering all ecological parameters, the results show that about 75% of the total area is relatively suitable (level 2) for industrial development and the rest is unsuitable. All the area can be considered as relatively suitable, if elevation parameter (the last priority in the model) is deleted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Presenting a decision–making model for landfill site selection geology using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) emphacis (case study : landfill of Semnan Industrial Town)
saeid Kamyabi babak ghotbooie Morteza hasanabadiThe various criteria and parameters are involved in site selection of landfill that whichever have particular importance and cause restrictions in the selection. The final goal of these criteria are choosing the most suitable site that has the least environmental advers MoreThe various criteria and parameters are involved in site selection of landfill that whichever have particular importance and cause restrictions in the selection. The final goal of these criteria are choosing the most suitable site that has the least environmental adverse impacts. Thus, applying managerial decision making methods such as multiple criteria techniques can be useful in this regard .In this paper ,design and present a decision making model using group analytical hierarchy process in order to selection the best site for landfill .The model of this paper applied in the real world in order to landfill site selection of Semnan Industrial Town. The results of this paper indicate that applying this technique in the proposed model can consider experts idea in ranking the candidate sites and selection the best site of landfill of SemnanIndustrialTown and significantly decrease the costs reluctant unsuitable site selection . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Tafsir and interpretation in the mystic system of Sheikh Alaa-dolah Semnani
ghasem raufi ghodratollah khayatianAlaa al-Dawlah Semnani, one of the mystic commentators of the Quran, mentions various functions for interpretation and interpretation in his prose works while using verses and traditions. He disagrees with the interpretation of similar verses; But it agrees with other v MoreAlaa al-Dawlah Semnani, one of the mystic commentators of the Quran, mentions various functions for interpretation and interpretation in his prose works while using verses and traditions. He disagrees with the interpretation of similar verses; But it agrees with other verses. Unlike most commentators, he believes that dreams need interpretation and interpretation, and he uses interpretation and interpretation in the fields of principles and branches of religion, mystical revelations, letters, verses and traditions. He considers taweel to be a way to not excommunicate Muslims, to absorb different views in the Islamic religion, not to fall into the abyss of reincarnation, and to interpret mystical revelations. According to him, the measure of correctness of taweel and tafsir is conformity with Quran, hadith, reality, Arabic language and reason. One of the characteristics of his interpretation is its superficiality, lack of extraneous elements, the presence of theology, similarity and influence of Ibn Arabi's interpretation and his commentators. This research, using a descriptive-analytical method, seeks to analyze the place of interpretation and interpretation in the eyes of this mystic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Analysis of Dreams from Ibn Arabi’s and Ala’al-Dawalah Semnani’s Points of View
azim hamzeian Tannaz RashidinasabMystics, due to their belief in immediate knowledge and inspiration, have paid great attention to dreams. The present study addresses the views of Ibn Arabi and Ala' al-Dawlah Semnani, two of the most important mystics, about the subject of dream, because on the one han MoreMystics, due to their belief in immediate knowledge and inspiration, have paid great attention to dreams. The present study addresses the views of Ibn Arabi and Ala' al-Dawlah Semnani, two of the most important mystics, about the subject of dream, because on the one hand, these two mystics have given this issue a special importance. On the other hand, these two are considered to be mystical pioneers, which have focused on the theory of thinking in the important issues of morality. In fact, Ibn Arabi, the discoverer of the universe of imagination, has addressed this issue by connecting the world of Imagination (separate dreams) and dream (connected dreams). Also, Ala' al-Dawlah Semnani, believed in the importance of dreams in conduction and believed in its role and significance of the Sheikh to it, while he also linked the dream, in the context of the facetiae of seven, which was one of the most important issues in his thinking. Therefore, this research is a way of explaining and analyzing the comparison of the views and opinions of these two great Sufi mystics, with the aim of understanding the similarities and differences of their views on the topic of Dreams. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Muraqaba in Sight of St. John of the Cross and Ala Al-Dawla Semnani
Abdolkhalegh Jaafari Bakhshali Ghanbari Abd Al Reza MazaheriMuraqaba is one of the important topics in the mystical conduct of the mystical traditions in Christianity and Islam. Whether it is contemplation or status, there is a difference between the mystics of these two traditions, which is widely mentioned in mysticism. Among MoreMuraqaba is one of the important topics in the mystical conduct of the mystical traditions in Christianity and Islam. Whether it is contemplation or status, there is a difference between the mystics of these two traditions, which is widely mentioned in mysticism. Among the mystics of these two religious traditions, we can mention St. John of the Cross and Ala Al-Dawla Semnani, who spoke about contemplation, and comparing the views of the two has led to novel results. Both believe that in order for Contemplation to take place, seclusion must be practiced, without which contemplation cannot be achieved. While emphasizing both of them, focusing on the environment, ignoring the environment, becoming unconscious, thinking to reach nearness to God, loving attention to God, denying outward thoughts and senses, patience and perseverance prayer in contemplation have been considered as important factors in Muraqaba. Nevertheless, Ala Al-Dawla Semnani considers the mention of language and heart necessary for the seeker to achieve Muraqaba, but according to St. John of the Cross, one should proceed only with God without performing any special deeds. How to enter Contemplation is also different from the point of view of these two mystics. In the method of St. John of the Cross is likened to a ladder and it is stated in general, but Al-Dawla Semnani has explained the conditions and methods of Muraqaba in more detail. In processing the methods of Muraqaba, John is more detailed than Semnani and gives more details. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - A Study on Sufism Sama in the Manuscript of Latayef-e-Ashrafi
Asma Atashgohary Abdorreza Modarres Zadeh Mohammadreza SharifiSince long time ago, Sufism Sama has had a particular status in the prose and the poetry of mystics, and has always been controvertial among sufists. Some used to call it the food for soul and some others denied and rejected it. Meanwhile, through studying the manuscrip MoreSince long time ago, Sufism Sama has had a particular status in the prose and the poetry of mystics, and has always been controvertial among sufists. Some used to call it the food for soul and some others denied and rejected it. Meanwhile, through studying the manuscript of Latayef-e- Ashrafi, the ideas of Sheykh Ashraf al-Din Semnani, the famous Iranian mystic of India during eighth and ninth centuries AH, we understand that he had a special perspective toward Sama and regarded it as listening to cunning lyrics and sufism dancing. He has divided human beings into three categories and introduced the issue of Sama according to the spiritual features of the listener in details. He believes that Sama has some specific conditions and if done by Sufi, he will enjoy eternal life. Though most of Chishti sheykhs- the formers and the latters- performed Sama and accepted it, Ashraf al-Din regards the permit of Sama conditional to the listener and the method of performing. In general, his pious attitude to Sama is considerable, so that he introduces mosque as the best place for Sama. This research aims at not only presenting a brief introduction to Seyed Ashraf al-Din Semnani and his book but also analyzing his outstanding viewpoints about Sufiam Sama. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Diversity of the Early-Miocene (Burdigalian) Ostracoda from Northeastern Semnan, Central Iran
Alireza Chegini Iraj Maghfouri Moghaddam Hassan Bahramizadeh Sajjadi -
Open Access Article
19 - Effective Factors on Entrepreneurship Success in Development of Industrial Plants by Using MCDM Technique (Case study: Industries in one of the Iranian Provinces)
Younos Vakil Alroaia Mojtaba JavidniaThis research aims to identify and rank the effective factors on entrepreneurs’ success and their effects on the development of industrial sector. Although many types of research have so far been performed on entrepreneurship success, none is based on an identific MoreThis research aims to identify and rank the effective factors on entrepreneurs’ success and their effects on the development of industrial sector. Although many types of research have so far been performed on entrepreneurship success, none is based on an identification of vital factors and the rate of their effect on a network of factors. Considering the high significance of industry of a country in its development, this research proceeds to investigate and rank the indicators of entrepreneurship success in the development of industries in Semnan Province. Thus, after studying the research history and applying Delphi method, 13 main indicators of entrepreneurship success in industrial sector were identified. Then, a sample consisted of 100 company in 6 active industrial towns of Semnan Province was determined and in order to investigate the mutual effects of indicators on each other and the effects of each indicator on the networks of indicators, some questionnaires were distributed among the senior managers and recollected afterward. Then, the data was analyzed applying DEMATEL technique which is based on Graph theory. Through this technique, the effective indicators of entrepreneurship were divided into two effective and effective groups. Afterward, applying Analytic Network Process (ANP), the weights related to each indicator were determined and finally, the final ranking of indicators was performed through VIKOR method. The results of final ranking indicate that “Innovation, creation and branding ideas” is the most important factor among the set of factors. Besides, “being practical” was introduced as the least important factor among the set of entrepreneurship success factors in the development of industrial sector. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Investigation of thermal comfort and climate-affected architecture based on Mahani and Gioni index of Semnan city
mehdi yaghoubiCClimate-friendly architecture can be considered the closest structural design with a resilient economy approach in which, while human comfort and convenience by replacing clean and natural energy sources, a healthy environment with a high degree of comfort, saving ener MoreCClimate-friendly architecture can be considered the closest structural design with a resilient economy approach in which, while human comfort and convenience by replacing clean and natural energy sources, a healthy environment with a high degree of comfort, saving energy consumption and consequently reducing Created dependency. Also, recognizing climate design methods and updating it can bring a favorable and appropriate environment in the residential space and in accordance with comfort indicators, extract appropriate architectural solutions and present it as the principles of climate design. In this article, the comfort climate of Semnan city has been analyzed using Mahani and Giuoni methods. For this purpose, the statistics of the Meteorological Organization in an 81-year period (from 0222 to 0282) were used. The purpose of this article is to study the climatic conditions of Semnan city using Mahani thermal comfort indices, and consequently Giuoni to study appropriate solutions and proposals in the field of architecture and energy compatible with the climate. In case of implementing the architectural rules obtained from the criteria for determining thermal comfort, the duration of using mechanical heating and cooling devices inside the buildings of Semnan city will be significantly reduced and in the direction of moving towards zero energy in the urban environment of dry and cold climate. will be Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Evaluate of housing indices in the development of urban settlements using spatial information system (Case study of Semnan city)
Atena Khorsandi Behroz Arasto Reza SanayeThe rapid expansion of cities has caused problems and delusions in determining the location of physical-spatial elements of cities . Today , most countries in the world face numerous challenges in urban management due to the unprecedented development of urbanization . T MoreThe rapid expansion of cities has caused problems and delusions in determining the location of physical-spatial elements of cities . Today , most countries in the world face numerous challenges in urban management due to the unprecedented development of urbanization . This has forced city managers to use new technologies to improve planning , design , management, administration, maintenance and cost reduction. In this article we evaluate the quality of housing in Semnan. The favorable housing situation in different regions is one of the indicators of development in the countries of the world. The present study has investigated housing status in Semnan city using housing indices. Semnan city indicators (Regional land value, literacy percentage, access to housing services , population density, building quality , age of the building , How to occupy, Building Skeleton, Housing Pattern , Type of Building Facade Materials , Path Width , Number of Building Floors, Building Density) Integrated with urban housing quality approach through multi criteria evaluation method to extract final location quality index in GIS environment . The results show that 8 % are inappropriate , 37 % are suitable, 39 % are more suitable and 14 % are very good in terms of housing quality . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Assessing the degree of risk of Semnan city infrastructure against new threats with passive defense approach (with emphasis on military war and security incidents)
Reza Babaian Atni Majid Vali Shariat Panahi Nasrallah Falah descent Zahra KhodaeeThe glory of a society depends on solving problems and solving possible problems and its strength against natural and man-made disasters, since infrastructure has a decisive role in the safe process of a society and maintaining the security of infrastructure against att MoreThe glory of a society depends on solving problems and solving possible problems and its strength against natural and man-made disasters, since infrastructure has a decisive role in the safe process of a society and maintaining the security of infrastructure against attacks and Threats are one of the security priorities of every country, which is why different societies are constantly looking for and inventing solutions to control or minimize the damage with proper planning and management. In recent decades, how to deal with these threats has become more scientific, and the probability of occurrence, damage and how to deal with them has been determined. In this regard, the present article uses a descriptive-analytical method, after collecting the required data and information, first calculates the importance and weight of each infrastructure using network analysis process (ANP) model and then by preparing information layers in Arc software environment. Using overlap functions, GIS has determined the degree of risk of Semnan city infrastructure against attacks and military and security threats in four areas: energy network, communication network, support centers and other centers. The results show that sensitive infrastructure with 50.69%, important infrastructure with 34.08% and protected infrastructure with 15.23% are in a location with a very high degree of risk. The general results of the study show that 37.83% of the total infrastructure of Semnan city is scattered in the vulnerability zone with a very high degree of risk and this issue is far from the principles and considerations of passive defense and aggravates the vulnerability of infrastructure in critical situations due to military attacks and threats. It is security Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Evaluation and analysis of high voltage power lines in Semnan city using aerial photography
Ehsan Kashi pardis raofi Negin Nikbakht Niayesh JalilpourIn the electricity industry, the privacy of power lines is the hypothetical range on either side of the power transmission line that is determined in order to maintain the lines for the continuity of power supply and also to prevent human damage caused by electricity ra MoreIn the electricity industry, the privacy of power lines is the hypothetical range on either side of the power transmission line that is determined in order to maintain the lines for the continuity of power supply and also to prevent human damage caused by electricity radiation. Respect for this privacy is essential for all individuals. The privacy of power lines is technically derived from three factors: magnetic, mechanical and electrical, and the amount and method of determining the privacy of power transmission lines in different countries is different, and in each country different distances are set according to the factors involved in determining privacy. In Iran, the amount of privacy of power transmission and distribution lines is determined based on the approval No. 29052 dated 8/10/1347. In this article, using the rules and executive instructions of the power transmission line route, the condition of the towers as well as the observance of the relevant boundaries in the study area of Semnan city has been studied. The results show that in terms of privacy, most of the power towers in the study area are in relatively good condition. Examples of the reviewed documents, including privacy and non-compliance, have been provided along with the relevant maps to eliminate intrusion. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Investigating the Role and Place of ICT on Citizens' Electronic Participation in Urban Management(Case Study: urban semnan)
syad khalil syed aliporToday, one of the most important measures of municipalities is the electronicity of urban services. The use of urban services has many benefits such as reducing air pollution, reducing traffic, reducing fuel consumption, reducing costs, accelerating the work and dozens MoreToday, one of the most important measures of municipalities is the electronicity of urban services. The use of urban services has many benefits such as reducing air pollution, reducing traffic, reducing fuel consumption, reducing costs, accelerating the work and dozens of other benefits. Addressing these ICT discussions creates new opportunities for the municipality, while not paying attention to it in addition to losing opportunities can become a threat. Municipalities, as one of the organizations that provide the most services to citizens, can take effective steps to create cities and electronic citizens by electronicizing their services, as well as encouraging others to provide and use urban management services. This study was conducted in 2017. The type of research is applied and its method is descriptive survey. The collected data were obtained through field, library and descriptive data collection method. The sample size was determined to be 385 people using kressi and morgan decision making model table. The sample members were selected by available sampling method. The data collection tool is a questionnaire and the use of databases of internet sites. The questionnaires were distributed and completed among the citizens of The city of Semnan. One-sample t-test and binomial nonparametric test were used to investigate the hypotheses. The data were analyzed by SPSS software Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - The role of good urban governance in the Corona and post-Corona eras according to the status of women (Case study: Semnan city)
Mehdi Asghari Zeinab Karke abadi abbas ArghanGood urban governance is a new theory, the implementation of which realizes the field of sustainable development in the society. In the corona situation, with the experience that all kinds of democratic and non-democratic governments showed in managing affairs, apparent MoreGood urban governance is a new theory, the implementation of which realizes the field of sustainable development in the society. In the corona situation, with the experience that all kinds of democratic and non-democratic governments showed in managing affairs, apparently, the most successful way of governance appeared from countries where women were at the top of the government and made decisions for themselves and others. Since women always have multiple roles, even in crises, they have a more effective role in facing and managing it. The city of Semnan has faced issues in the field of urban management and governance during the corona and post-corona period. The purpose of this article is the role of good urban governance in the era of Corona and post-corona, considering the position of women in Semnan. The current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of method and practical in nature. A questionnaire was used to collect the data and information of this research. The statistical population of the current research is the citizens of Semnan with a population of 216,578 people, and the sample size is calculated using Cochran's formula to be equal to 383 people. In order to analyze the data, to test the hypotheses, one-sample t-tests, multivariate linear regression, and Pearson's correlation were used, and to generalize the results from the sample to the statistical population, the structural equation modeling method was used by Lisrel software. The findings have shown that the quality of governance in Semnan and the position of women in the era of Corona and post-corona are in unfavorable conditions in Semnan and they are weak. The results of the sample T-Tech test have shown that the state of the aspects of good urban governance in Semnan city and the position of women in it is not in a good situation. Finally, the results of the investigations show; It is not possible to hope for the realization of good urban governance without the practical definition and explanation of the special position of women as half of the city's citizens and one of the most influential groups in the administration of city affairs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Comparative evaluation of sports spaces in Semnan cities for holding sporting events using Geographic Information System (GIS)
hamid bagherzadeh seyedmostafa tayebisani bahram ghadimi vahid rafiy dahbidiEvents play a very important role in sports and if they are paid good attention, they can have major benefits. The purpose of this study is to compare the sports infrastructure of Semnan province to hold sports events. The present study is in the category of applied res MoreEvents play a very important role in sports and if they are paid good attention, they can have major benefits. The purpose of this study is to compare the sports infrastructure of Semnan province to hold sports events. The present study is in the category of applied research. In order to assess the current situation, the method of comparative comparison with existing national and international standards and comparison of per capita was used. First, the collected information and statistics about the area and per capita of indoor and outdoor sports spaces and places, etc. were presented in the form of tables and figures. Then, their zoning and distribution were mapped using GIS. Findings showed that Shahroud, Semnan and Damghan cities are in a more suitable situation. When the number of sports space is large and available, as a result, people's participation in physical activity increases and the number of organized athletes in sports increases.When the number of sports space is large and available, as a result, people's participation in physical activity increases and the number of organized athletes in sports increases.Therefore, trying to host sports events, creating and developing hardware, building comprehensive and well-equipped specialized sports centers, paying attention to media advertisements are very important and necessary points, and besides, other management factors can play an effective role in holding big events. Have sports.Considering that Semnan province has a good record in holding big sports events, it can be said that it has a good ability to host more competitions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Investigating the outsourcing status of sports facilities in Semnan using geographic information system
bahador shirincheshmeh mohmmad sanaie farshad emamiOutsourcing, as one of the tools for developing organizations and improving productivity in the form of downsizing, has attracted the attention of managers and officials of organizations and has been implemented in different ways. Geographic information. The current res MoreOutsourcing, as one of the tools for developing organizations and improving productivity in the form of downsizing, has attracted the attention of managers and officials of organizations and has been implemented in different ways. Geographic information. The current research is a mixed qualitative and quantitative type. It is descriptive-correlation in terms of type and applied in terms of purpose, which was conducted in the form of a survey. In the qualitative part, geographic information system (GIS) software was used to map the distribution of sports places. In the qualitative part, the statistical population is 30 sports complexes (indoor and outdoor) from the sports places of Semnan city. Also, to check the relationships between the research variables, 224 people voluntarily answered the researcher-made questionnaire, whose validity and reliability had already been checked. Structural modeling and measurement of multiple relationships between variables (smart pls software) were used to investigate and determine the extent of relationships between variables. The results of the survey showed that the distribution of sports spaces in the north and center of Semnan city is more than other parts, the per capita sports space of Semnan city in Semnan province ranks first and the area of sports spaces ranks second after Shahroud. Taekwondo, football and gymnastics are the sports priorities in Semnan city, and in total, the relationships between the variables showed that causal conditions and background conditions are effective on the outsourcing of sports facilities. It is suggested to the trustees of sports organizations to prevent parallel work with an inter-organizational division of work, so that in this way, sports organizations in a dynamic, complex and fast world can outsource sports venues to experienced people. to prevent the negative results of outsourcing and on the other hand to cause better financial performance of outsourcing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - The role of social resilience in reducing damage caused by natural factors affecting desert areas (a case study of dust in Semnan city)
Seyyed Ebrahim Miremadi Mohammad Reza Zandmoghadam saeid kamyabiNatural hazards are a reality that has affected a significant part of the southern regions of Semnan today. Due to the fact that in some cases, it is not possible to prevent the occurrence of these natural hazards, therefore, it is very important to investigate the leve MoreNatural hazards are a reality that has affected a significant part of the southern regions of Semnan today. Due to the fact that in some cases, it is not possible to prevent the occurrence of these natural hazards, therefore, it is very important to investigate the level of resilience against natural disasters. Waghbar) is affected by desert areas, Semnan city.The current research is applied and analytical-descriptive in purpose. Using the fuzzy model, this research seeks to evaluate the resilience of the southern residents of Semnan city against dust, in this regard, 40 questionnaires were provided to experts and specialists, the reliability of the questionnaire was determined by Cronbach's alpha, and its validity was determined by the experts in geography and Urban planning and social sciences were approved. The questions included four dimensions (physical, social, economic and institutional) which were answered by experts.Findings: It indicates that: the main question of the research has been rejected at a significant level. And the maximum amount of resilience in the social, economic and organizational dimensions, the amount of resilience is significantly greater than the hypothetical average, so that the three sub-questions of the research are confirmed. they got.According to the research findings, there is no significant relationship between resilience and physical, social, economic, and institutional components. With the explanation that the lower the level of each of the components, the level of resilience also decreases, the results of analyzes and statistical tests show that the state of resilience of Shahr Semnan is not very favorable and resilience tends towards vulnerability. The resilience values of Semnan city are far from the standards. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Presenting the ideal model and strategies for the development of sports spaces in Semnan province using reverse logistics
meysam Ghanbariyan Ali Fahiminezhad باقر morsal mahdi goudarziThe lack of reverse logistics in sports has caused very destructive effects on the environment due to sports and sports events in Semnan province. The aim of the current research is to present the ideal model and strategies for the development of sports spaces in Semnan MoreThe lack of reverse logistics in sports has caused very destructive effects on the environment due to sports and sports events in Semnan province. The aim of the current research is to present the ideal model and strategies for the development of sports spaces in Semnan province by using reverse logistics. The method of the current research is of mixed exploratory type. Out of 180 experts, 120 people answered the questions of a questionnaire including: causal conditions, background conditions, intervening conditions, main phenomenon, development strategies, development consequences, which were confirmed in the qualitative part by experts and its validity and reliability were confirmed by the experts. They responded to the available sampling method. GIS software was used to describe the state of sports spaces in Semnan province, and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to check and analyze the measurement model.The findings showed that Shahroud city is in a more favorable state in terms of sports environment than other cities of the province. Among the identified strategies, "politicization in sports of the province based on environmental goals" should be given the highest priority, "supervising the successful implementation of reverse logistics activities in the sports of the province with emphasis on environmental principles" and the strategy of "providing the required financial resources" In order to carry out reverse logistics measures in the sports body of the province, priority is to be operationalized. And finally, "Training and empowering human forces specializing in sports in the province in line with environmental goals" to pave the way for the development of the reverse logistics of sports in the province. Also, the results indicated the favorable fit of the reverse logistics development model in sports of the province. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and analyze the policies for the development of sports spaces in the province by the responsible organizations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - climate road (Semnan-Sari)
razi mosavi foladiImportant part of land transport infrastructure and economy of every country and region in which the various geographical and climatic conditions vary. The awareness of these factors can help reduce damage to the safety of transport in the human and financial. Goals tha MoreImportant part of land transport infrastructure and economy of every country and region in which the various geographical and climatic conditions vary. The awareness of these factors can help reduce damage to the safety of transport in the human and financial. Goals that are pursued in this study - 1 described a method for determining the probability of crisis situations and Slippage (NP1-NP9) along the two roads - the safety contour statistical analysis of meteorological weather stations. In this study, safety-oriented suburban transport network Semnan - Surrey were analyzed with a length of 200 km .In the study, Monthly temperature, precipitation and humidity the classification, classification V of each month to determine the climatic conditions of various climatic conditions of the matrix was used. After calculating the probability of each one of atmospheric conditions during the period studied stations the diagrams of the software used to interpret s. Excel extraction. The main achievements of this research are classified in terms of road safety andSlippage freezing cold and warm months of the year and the area is unsafe. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Application of climate in land transport with an emphasis on interpolation methods
saeid kohjaniOne of the applications of the climate in ground transportation is that we can estimate some of the characteristics of the weather and hydrology of the paths with little or no statistic statistics, since in many cases it is not possible to implement a road project only MoreOne of the applications of the climate in ground transportation is that we can estimate some of the characteristics of the weather and hydrology of the paths with little or no statistic statistics, since in many cases it is not possible to implement a road project only Due to the lack of long-term climatological data, the reason for using the IDW, SPlINE method, precipitation maps and its consequences in relation to the climatic, hydrological factors mentioned in the road construction projects in the Garmsar axis of Semnan In the longitude "10 51- 25 51 East and geographical area 30-35-35-44-4435 35 is located in the province of Semnan Provider We saw them in Figures 1 and 10 as a result of work, which can be used in ground transportation management. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - A survey of potentional pattern and geomorphological limited in urban space producted with G.I.S case study semnan
mohammad reza zandmoghadamNatural processes, especially geomorphology, play an important role in locating, planning and developing cities. In the past, so far, we have tried to find the best place for geo-morphological and environmental conditions for the development and physical development of MoreNatural processes, especially geomorphology, play an important role in locating, planning and developing cities. In the past, so far, we have tried to find the best place for geo-morphological and environmental conditions for the development and physical development of cities. In this research, the applied geomorphology and its role in the physical development of Semnan city using Geographic Information System (GIS) and multi-criteria analytical hierarchical analysis (AHP) techniques have been investigated. For this purpose, effective criteria such as height, gradient, gradient direction, lithology and distance from fault are used. Each of the criteria was evaluated according to expert judgment and using Expertchoice software, weighting and importance of each of them was determined. Finally, using the fuzzy logic and geographic information system combination method, and according to the analytical comparison, the appropriate zones of the current situation of the city and the geomorphology of the region based on the critical points with the appropriate areas derived from the hierarchical analysis and the g.i.s Took The results of this research indicate that the role of geomorphologic factors in the location of Semnan is much more effective than other environmental factors.Also, data analysis shows that the city of Semnan is exposed to various environmental factors. Several of these factors, such as literacy, are severely restricted and may in the future create inappropriate conditions for the occurrence of other environmental hazards. To this end, the extension of the city must follow the geomorphological processes Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Analyzing The Potential of Geotourism Development in Semnan Province By Using SWOT
Hasan Lashkari Mohammad hossein RiyaziIran has a lot of unknown potential in the development of geotourism and geological tourism frequency in which Semnan is one of the most prominent provinces. This study has been provided to consider introducing geotourism and its effect on the country, introducing the o MoreIran has a lot of unknown potential in the development of geotourism and geological tourism frequency in which Semnan is one of the most prominent provinces. This study has been provided to consider introducing geotourism and its effect on the country, introducing the opportunities and challenges of geotourism industry, and geotourism development strategies and exploitation of it. Further introducing geotourism indexes by descriptive method and field studies, some solutions to develop the tourism, especially geotourism in Semnan province has been considered by determining internal and external factors using strategic planning model of SWOT. The result shows the study area has a lot of potential and talents and suitable opportunities to develop the geotourism which is not introduced appropriately and this requires choosing suitable competitive / aggressive methods and using relative advantages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Investigation of intensity, duration and spatial distribution of drought in Semnan province
Mohammad Reza Zandmoghadam Behrooz Arastoo Askari MojtahedzadehDrought is an environmental event and an integral part of climatic fluctuations and is a periodic and normal weather feature. Unlike dry land, which is a permanent feature of the climate, drought is a temporary occurrence that results directly in a decrease in the amoun MoreDrought is an environmental event and an integral part of climatic fluctuations and is a periodic and normal weather feature. Unlike dry land, which is a permanent feature of the climate, drought is a temporary occurrence that results directly in a decrease in the amount of rain over a long period of time, usually in one season or more, and results in water shortages for some activities, groups or sections Is environmental. The greatest concentration of references in the assessment of droughts is on climate drought, which is due to the presence of more extensive and more comprehensive information, as well as the factor of rainfall in the factors causing drought. Due to the impact of drought in different sectors, different approaches to this phenomenon are considered, which requires space and time attention and its expansion to manage it. Currently, drought analysis is based on rainfall data as the most important factor for all types of drought. In this research, firstly, the annual precipitation index (SPI) values were calculated by selecting the default distribution (gamma) and then the frequency of different classes of drought for each period of 1,3,6,12, 24 months ending April 2016 was extracted for the settlements of the province. For the spatial-temporal distribution of drought-affected areas, the inverted interpolation method of IDW distance was used. Based on the frequency of drought classes, a single layer of variables was prepared and the range of each of the classes was determined in the province, the output of which is the spatial-temporal distribution maps of drought and the area of each of the different classes of drought were calculated in GIS software. By analyzing the course status, in the 1 month period ending April 2016, the highest spatio-temporal distribution with about 68.13 Percent of the province's settlements was related to the indicator In the normal period, in the 3 months period, with about 50.64 Percent, the average drought and in the 6,12and 24 months periods were 38.72, 41.76 and 36.98 Percent, respectively, with droughts, and any amount of time period to time It goes on for a long time, the effects of drought become more pronounced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Effects of Woody Plants on Rangeland Ecosystems Function
gholam Ali heshmati paria KamaliTo shed light on the relationship between vegetation and soil will help to identify rangelands potential and functions. As an integral part of rangelands, woody plants play a substantial role in constituting soil properties. The present study was aimed to investigate th MoreTo shed light on the relationship between vegetation and soil will help to identify rangelands potential and functions. As an integral part of rangelands, woody plants play a substantial role in constituting soil properties. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of woody plants on rangelands functions in Parvar region, Semnan province. According to landscape function analysis method (LFA), the number of eleven soil features on three woody plant structures (closed, semi- closed and open canopy) with three transects were studied along which five replicates on per patch as well as bare soil considered. Then factors measured on three parameters of stability, infiltration and nutrient cycling were classified as per each structure. The results showed that woody species with closed canopy have more contributes in improving rangeland function indices, including stability, infiltration and nutrient cycling compared to those relatively closed and open. On the other hand, the shorter woody species have greater contribution in soil stability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Estimation of water erosion and sedimentation content in Ala region of Semnan using PSIAC method
nahid alipour فاطمه Farzanehpey علی torabi سمیرا Bakhshinia طیبه Mesbah Zadeh سوسن SalageghehToday, soil erosion and sediment production in watershed are covered to a complicated environment, so preventing emergency of them is one of the most important conservation factors of natural resources. This research done in order to water erosion content estimation usi MoreToday, soil erosion and sediment production in watershed are covered to a complicated environment, so preventing emergency of them is one of the most important conservation factors of natural resources. This research done in order to water erosion content estimation using PSIAC method in Ala region of Semnan. PSIAC method investigates the effect of 9 important factors on water erosion process which these factors measured in each working units of under studied region. Results show that waterway working unit had the most effect on water erosion process with erodibility view it located in high class. Other working units including clay lands with Kalootak with score of 48, bare lands without cover with score of 45, clay plain with salts with score of 45, Marne lands without plant cover with score of 24, residential area with score of 93, lands covered with Haloxylon with score of 22, sand dunes covered with Haloxylon with score of 16 and agriculture lands with score of 15 placed in low to partial erodibility classes respectively that respect to their scores, they placed in further priority. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - An Investigation of Range Types Condition and trend in Ala region of Semnan
fatemeh farzanepey Nahid alipoor Negin Pak Hasan Kaboli Tayebeh MesbahzadehAbstract More than the half of Iran area included rangelands that are as important as an economic and social revolution bed of Iran tribes. Vegetation determination and rangeland statue detection using recognized methods help us for optimum using and destruction preven MoreAbstract More than the half of Iran area included rangelands that are as important as an economic and social revolution bed of Iran tribes. Vegetation determination and rangeland statue detection using recognized methods help us for optimum using and destruction prevent and needed balance consideration of rangeland. Ala region of Semnan is considerable as a rangeland in order to great area and species rich that in this study was investigated. In this study vegetation map and floristic list of region was prepared using satellite images and geographical information system and desert visits and we use 4 factors method for rangeland statue analysis. In this study at the first working unit were provided in 3907.4 area for vegetation research of Ala region. Major rangeland species of each type for each working unit were identified based on regulated tables and forms and the type name was determined according to medium dominance of canopy. There dominant plant type was detected in this region included Artemisia, Holxylon and Peganum. The results show that rangeland statue in studied region is poor with considering measuring and estimations and tendency go toward retro gradation. So in this rangeland the management methods and their applying methods are so important. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Evaluation of phytochemical and antioxidant activity in different parts of Ferula assafoetida L. from Semnan and Khorasan provinces
Morteza Mehrpour Bahareh Kashefi Mohammad MoghadamThis study was evaluated in phytochemical and antioxidant activity of Ferula assafoetida L. in Semnan and Khorasan-Razavi provinces. The plant samples were collected in May 2013, the total phenolic was determined by Folin–Ciocalteu, total flavonoid by Alumin MoreThis study was evaluated in phytochemical and antioxidant activity of Ferula assafoetida L. in Semnan and Khorasan-Razavi provinces. The plant samples were collected in May 2013, the total phenolic was determined by Folin–Ciocalteu, total flavonoid by Aluminium chloride , tannin contents by Folin- Denis and the antioxidant capacity were measured utilizing DPPH and FRAP methods. Results of variance analysis were showed that the highest total phenols content (1.014 and 2.8 mgGAE/1 g) was observed in leave extract of Khorasan and Semnan provinces, respectively. The maximum tannin contents (0.00194 mg/ml) was observed in stem and leave extracts of Khorasan and Semnan provinces .Also the highest antioxidant activity by DPPH method (1111.08 and 731.61 µg/ml) was observed in root extract of Khorasan province samples. The maximum antioxidant activity content were obtained in leave extract of Semnan by FRAP method (2.85 mg/ml). In general the highest content of total phenol and flavonoid was obtained in leave and root extracts of plants in Semnan province. But the root extract of Khorasan had the maximum antioxidant capacity (1111.08 µg/ml).Therefore it may be stated that Mojen region in Semnan province had higher antioxidant activity than Khorasan region. So the quality of antioxidant compounds of Ferula assafoetida L. was depending on variation of environmental factors and plant parts. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Eco phytochemical, Ethnopharmacology, Antioxidant and anti bacterial activity in different extracts of Melilotus officinalis L. from Chaharbagh mountainous region- Semnan province
Gelareh Borhani Masoumeh Mazandarani Hossein AbbaspourMelilotus officinalis L. is belongs to Fabaceae family, which has been used as a tonic, anti carminative, anti infection, anti diabetes and externally as a poultice for pains and ulcer wound. In many field observation the most ecological requirenments of M.officina MoreMelilotus officinalis L. is belongs to Fabaceae family, which has been used as a tonic, anti carminative, anti infection, anti diabetes and externally as a poultice for pains and ulcer wound. In many field observation the most ecological requirenments of M.officinalis L. and important experiences about traditional uses of this plant were obtained from rural healers. Different parts of plant (aerial parts in flowering stage, stem and root ) were collected from Charbagh Mountain (2300 msl) in May 2016. The ethanol and water extracts of plant parts were obtained by maceration method, Total phenol (TP) and flavonoid (TF) were estimated by spectrophotometry. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated in vitro by the method of trapping the free radical DPPH, TAC and RP assay. The antibacterial activity were obtained in vitro by using disc diffusion and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay . According to the results aerial parts of this plant which has been used in this region as an anti infection, anti inflammation and tonic to treat of diabetes and arthritis. phytochemical tests were showed that the ethanole extract of flowers had the highest total phenols concentration(38.08±o.13 mgGA/g), total flavonoids (62.04 ±0.01 mgQU/g) and antioxidant activity especially in DPPH radical scavenging with IC50=10.61±0.81µg/ml, in compare of BHA and BHT. The ethanole extract of flowers in 2300 m were showed the highest antimicrobial activity, especially against Staphylococus aureus, S.epidermaidis , Bacillus cereus and Entrococus faecalis L., respectively. In conclusion, there is the strong positive correlation between influence of extraction, plant parts on phytochemistry, antibacterial and antioxidant activity of M. officinalis L. and indicated that the ethanol exctract of flowers exhibited the highest antioxidant and antibacterial activity. So it can be used potentially as a good source of natural antioxidant . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Evaluation of having three zones of Semnan municipal infrastructure and ICT indicators in order to realize of Smart city
raheleh khodadadi Yousef Ali Ziari Ebrahim Romina Masoud MahadaviAbstract space city, thoughtful people to get rid of problems and failures in reaching the noble life has forced the city to think about reform and the creation of new structures. The key role of information and communication technology in the field of economic, social, MoreAbstract space city, thoughtful people to get rid of problems and failures in reaching the noble life has forced the city to think about reform and the creation of new structures. The key role of information and communication technology in the field of economic, social, political, and intelligence can not be ignored . Innovation dimensional and common nature, which can be produced, processed and processing the information.is situated. The objective of this study is to evaluate the spatial distribution of infrastructure and communication (ICT)3 to achieve Smart city are three District Municipality Semnan. The method is quantitative analysis to rank, determining the level of dispersion statistical indicators Model Mac Granahan, cluster analysis and the coefficient of variance was used. The results of the study show that municipal areas in terms of these indicators have not been the same and territories into three groups, relatively wealthy and less divided and scattering coefficients show the expected variation in the type and distribution The index is at the level of three regions. Keywords: ICT indicators, spatial analysis, Mac Granahan, The coefficient of variance, three areas of the municipality of Semnan Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - The Site Location of Hygienic and Health Centers Using AHP Method and GIS (A Case Study of Semnan)
Hamideza JoodakiIn most cities, the lack of adequate allocation of space and optimal location of service and physical elements of the city, especially hospitals and the number of factors affecting the location of these centers, has led to an increasing number of urban problems and citi MoreIn most cities, the lack of adequate allocation of space and optimal location of service and physical elements of the city, especially hospitals and the number of factors affecting the location of these centers, has led to an increasing number of urban problems and citizens. Therefore, this has made the need to use effective methods and computer systems in the optimal location of these centers more than ever. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution of the hospital and to determine the areas deprived of these services in Semnan according to the standards and criteria of hospital location. In this research, the spatial data were prepared using digital and linear maps and descriptive data were collected using statistics and field research which then connected to a database. Then, for each of the influential factors in locating the hospital, the related layers such as land compatibility, proximity to the center of areas, population, access to first-class communication networks, designing criteria, per capita and standards, and access radius were prepared , also in each layer the use restriction was specified through imposing the mentioned layers based on specific patterns and criteria; then it was analyzed and studied. After that, based on the studies and opinions of related experts, the effective factors in determining health centers were selected and using a hierarchical analysis process in pairs, both were compared and the weight of each was calculated. Finally, they were analyzed in GIS environment. At the same time, the findings of this analysis showed that the current need for health centers in Semnan, according to urban per capita, is at least 3 hospitals and the GIS was used to remove this shortage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Comparison of Industrial Towns with Emphasis on Applicants' Attraction, Employment and Investment Using GIS (A Case Study of Abbas Abad, Eyvanekey, Garmsar and Semnan Industrial Towns)
Askari Mojtahedzadeh Abbas ArghanThe growth of industry in a complex, region, zone or industrial town is a phenomenon that has been considered important since the beginning of the 20th century in the industrial development of the countries of the world and the utilization of the capabilities and capabi MoreThe growth of industry in a complex, region, zone or industrial town is a phenomenon that has been considered important since the beginning of the 20th century in the industrial development of the countries of the world and the utilization of the capabilities and capabilities of each region. In the present study, while gathering the library data and using the existing information in the industrial companies of Semnan and Tehran provinces the informational layers were prepared using GIS software. Also, in order to analyze the industrial towns of Abbas Abad, Eyvanekey, Garmsar and Semnan with emphasis on the attraction of applicants and investment, the layers required in the form of GIS software were prepared. By analyzing the output of the data in the form of a map, it was determined that the number of parts delivered in Abbas Abad industrial town was about 1.39 times the total of the three settlements, i. e., Eyvanekey, Garmsar and Semnan. However, in spite of the distance of 12, 40 and 150 km of Abbas industrial town in the industrial towns of Eyvanekey, Garmsar and Semnan, the number of units in operation in the industrial town of Abbas Abad was 1.82 times, the employment rate is 1.37 times and the amount of investments made is 1.11 times the total of the three industrial towns.The fact that Abbas Abad industrial town in Tehran as the capital of the country accounts for more than 50 percent of the financial resources and 45 percent of the industries and 17.5 percent of the total population of the country, can be considered as one of the main factors for this difference. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Verb In Shahmirzadi's Dialect
soraya razeghiShahmirzad is one ofthe oldest town locating in Semnan province .this citycalled asparadise of desert dueto its fascinating gardens and excellent weather. its also famous because ofdeep bonding to our cultural values. People’s speaking style is d MoreShahmirzad is one ofthe oldest town locating in Semnan province .this citycalled asparadise of desert dueto its fascinating gardens and excellent weather. its also famous because ofdeep bonding to our cultural values. People’s speaking style is derived andoriginated from combination of ancient Persian as well as partly Mazandaran’speople speaking style . Some verbs at this kind of vocalization are persistedand remained from old verbs form in the Dari’s Persian as well as ancientPersian . In this essay it is mentioned and clarified some resemblances ( inaccordance with ancient scripts ) and also the most significant verbsconstruction which are widely common and used in this kind of dialect .With the intention of gathering this survey itis utilized some local source such as Jonge Maghsoud by Ghorbanali Maghsoudiand Asinak from another author Asmaeil Khaksar . Other information is basedupon background as well as investigation of author birthing from parents whoare shamirzadi’s speakers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - بررسی تاثیر روشهای آموزشی و ترویجی بر بکارگیری انرژی های تجدیدپذیر توسط مرغداران استان سمنان
Mohsen Mohammadi Mohammad Sabouri Seyed Sadjad Seyed Sabouriهدف از انجام این مطالعه بررسی تاثیر روش های آموزشی و ترویجی بر بکارگیری انرژی های تجدیدپذیر توسط کشاورزان استان سمنان بود. این تحقیق بر اساس روش کاربردی و از طریق توصیفی-همبستگی انجام شده است. جامعه اماری این تحقیق مرغداران استان سمنان بودند که به هر روشی از انرزی های ت Moreهدف از انجام این مطالعه بررسی تاثیر روش های آموزشی و ترویجی بر بکارگیری انرژی های تجدیدپذیر توسط کشاورزان استان سمنان بود. این تحقیق بر اساس روش کاربردی و از طریق توصیفی-همبستگی انجام شده است. جامعه اماری این تحقیق مرغداران استان سمنان بودند که به هر روشی از انرزی های تجدیدپذیر استفاده می نمودند که در نهایت 89 نفر مورد سنجش قرار گرفتند. ابزار جمع آوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه بود(29 سئوال اصلی و 108 سئوال مرتبط در طیف لیکرت). همچنین جهت دستیابی به اطلاعات از مصاحبه با کارشناسان و اساتید دانشگاه نیز استفاده شد. روایی پرسشنامه از طریق سنجش محتوی و پایایی آن از طریق ضریب آلفای کرونباخ (از 0.801 تا 0.925) مورد سنجش قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده رابطه معنی دار و قوی بین آموزش و ترویج و بکارگیری انرژی های تجدیدپذیر توسط کشاورزان وجود دارد. همچنین مهمترین منبع کسب اطلاعات و دانش از دیدگاه کشاورزان شرکت در دوره های آموزشی و ترویجی بود. همچنین بر اساس نتایج حاصله از معادله رگرسیون گام به گام عواملی شامل بازدید از مزارع نمونه، شرکت در دوره های آموزشی و ترویجی، تهیه و توزیع نشریات، برگزاری کارگاه های کشاورزی در مراکز ترویج و مراجعه کارشناسان به مرغداری ها، 78.5% واریانس متغیر وابسته تحقیق را تبیین می نماید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - تاثیر عوامل محیطی برکاهش پیامدهای هدفمندسازی یارانه ها ازدیدگاه گلخانه داران استان سمنان، ایران
محمدصادق صبوری سیاوش نوری مصطفی کرباسیوناین مطالعه با هدف بررسی نقش متغیرهای محیطی بر کاهش پیامدهای طرح هدفمندی یارانه­ها بر گلخانه­داران استان سمنان انجام شد. نمونه آماری شامل 287 گلخانه­دار بود که از طریق فرمول کوکران تعداد آنها تعیین گردید. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها از نرم افزارSPSS21 استف Moreاین مطالعه با هدف بررسی نقش متغیرهای محیطی بر کاهش پیامدهای طرح هدفمندی یارانه­ها بر گلخانه­داران استان سمنان انجام شد. نمونه آماری شامل 287 گلخانه­دار بود که از طریق فرمول کوکران تعداد آنها تعیین گردید. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها از نرم افزارSPSS21 استفاده گردید. ابزار اصلی پژوهش پرسشنامه بود که براساس مبانی تئوریک طراحی گردید و پس از اصلاح محتوا با فرمول کوکران مقدار آلفای آن 87/7 محاسبه شد. از همبستگی و رگرسیون برای تحلیل فرضیه­ها استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد کاهش هزینه­های جاری، استفاده از سازه­های مناسب، استفاده درست از سوخت، مکان­یابی درست وسایل گرمایش و استفاده از کارگران ماهر بیشترین نقش را برکاهش پیامدهای هدفمندسازی یارانه­هابرای گلخانه­داران ایفا می­کنند که مقدار 2/40 درصد از واریانس متغیر وابسته را تبیین می­کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - شناسایی علل موفقیت بنگاه های زودبازده بخش کشاورزی استان سمنان، ایران
فرهاد لشگرآرا علیرضا ترابی مریم امیدی نجف آبادیهدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی عوامل موثر بر موفقیت بنگاه­های زودبازده بود. این پژوهش از لحاظ هدف کاربردی، از لحاظ گردآوری دادهها، غیرآزمایشی و از دسته تحقیقات همبستگی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل مدیران بنگاه­های زودبازده کشاورزی در استان سمنان بود که از نظر بانک Moreهدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی عوامل موثر بر موفقیت بنگاه­های زودبازده بود. این پژوهش از لحاظ هدف کاربردی، از لحاظ گردآوری دادهها، غیرآزمایشی و از دسته تحقیقات همبستگی است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل مدیران بنگاه­های زودبازده کشاورزی در استان سمنان بود که از نظر بانک کشاورزی استان موفق ارزیابی شده­ بودند و تعداد آنها برابر1932 واحد تولیدی کشاورزی است. با استفاده از فرمول کوکران 125 نفر را به­عنوان حجم نمونه تخمین زده شد. ابزار اصلی گردآوری داده­ها و اندازهگیری متغیرهای پژوهش، پرسشنامه بود. روایی ابزار پژوهش بوسیله گروهی از متخصصان احراز گردید. پایایی ابزار پژوهش با محاسبه ضریب آلفای کرونباخ برای بخش­های مختلف پرسشنامه احراز شد. نتایج بدست آمده نشان داد که 4/6 درصد بنگاهای زودبازده کشاورزی کاملاً موفق بودند و 2/79 درصد آنها موفق و 6/13 درصد آنها نسبتاً موفق بودند. بین میزان تحصیلات، سابقه کار در کسب­وکار، سابقه کار کشاورزی، اندازه بنگاه، سال­های فعالیت بنگاه، تعداد افراد شاغل، ظرفیت اشتغال، میزان سرمایه اولیه، ارزش تولید فعلی، فاصله محل سکونت تا بنگاه، هزینه پرسنلی، میزان سرمایه­گذاری رابطه مثبت و معنی­داری وجود دارد. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیونی نشان داد که هفت متغیر میزان سرمایه اولیه، ارزش تولید فعلی، تعداد سال­های فعالیت بنگاه، تعداد افراد شاغل، اندازه بنگاه، میزان سرمایه­گذاری و متغیر سابقه کار در کسب­وکار در مجموع 7/47 تغییرات متغیر وابسته موفقیت بنگاه زودبازده را تبیین کردند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - A survey on the satisfaction and usage rate of students from central library of Semnan University of Medical Sciences
marjan momeni shahin kamal Raheb GhorbaniUniversity libraries are the most important centers for information provision. They can play their role and provide necessary information for student researches through right planning. The present study aims to examine rate of satisfaction from different services offere MoreUniversity libraries are the most important centers for information provision. They can play their role and provide necessary information for student researches through right planning. The present study aims to examine rate of satisfaction from different services offered in central library of Semnan University of Medical Sciences. It is a descriptive study done using survey method. The research population consists of all the students that are members of the library, of which a sample of 290 members was chosen. Data were collected by questionnaire. Analysis of data is made by descriptive statistics using SPSS. Results of this research show that 45/9% of students were satisfied with the offered services; 56/5% of them didn’t know about computer system for searching the sources available in the library. Lack of update reference books, scarcity of Persian books copies and lack of computer systems were among the most common factors affecting dissatisfaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Performance Assessment of Semnan Academic Libraries based on standard 11620
Monireh Moazzen Dariush Matlabi Mehrdokht Vazirpour KeshmiriPurpose: The main purpose of this study is to identify of the function of Semnan universities libraries based on ISO 11620. Methodology: Survey was used as a research method and population of research was librarians of Semnan University includes 29 people. Research mad MorePurpose: The main purpose of this study is to identify of the function of Semnan universities libraries based on ISO 11620. Methodology: Survey was used as a research method and population of research was librarians of Semnan University includes 29 people. Research made questionnaire (based on the ISO 11620) was used for gathering data. And to test the hypotheses was used Student's t-tests a sample, one-way analysis of variance and Duncan. Findings: Finding showed the performance of Semnan university libraries in terms of resources and infrastructure, with an average of 89/1, is below the average level. The performance in terms of application with an average of 67/2 is lower than the average level. Also in terms of the effectiveness of academic libraries field lower than the average level is 18/2. Semnan university libraries only in terms of potential and development are have been higher than average level (with average of 27.3). Conclusion: The results showed that the performance of academic libraries in the city of Semnan based on ISO 11620 is lower than the average level. The standard hypothesis tests to compare the performance of different aspects revealed that in term of performance index access resources and infrastructure, application or use, and potential and development libraries investigated were no significant differences between the performances. And the library functions in the field of access resources and infrastructure, applications and potential development between the three universities is the same and weak. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Forage Quality of Endangered Species of Astragalus fridae Rech. F. in Semnan Province, Iran
Somayeh Naseri Mohamad Ali Adibi Mohamad Kia Kianian -
Open Access Article
50 - Impact of Organic, Inorganic and Superabsorbent Polymer Materials on Soil Properties under Plant Community of Nitraria schoberi in Deserts of Semnan, Iran
Mohammad Kia Kianian Hamid Reza Asgari Farzaneh Bahadori -
Open Access Article
51 - Evaluation of Enclosure Effects on Soil Carbon Storage (Case Study: Rangeland of Shahtappeh-Chah Mahmood and Chiro in Semnan Province)
Maedeh Yousefian Khadijeh Mahdavi Mohammad Mahdavi Reza Tamartash -
Open Access Article
52 - Evaluation of Pistachio Contamination to Aspergillus flavus in Semnan Province
H.R. Kabirian H. Afshari M. Mohammadi Moghadam H. Hokmabadi -
Open Access Article
53 - Evaluation of Contamination of Aspergillus flavus and Aflatoxin Production in Pistachio Cultivars and Investigation of a Chemical Controlling Method
L. Jalali G. Avagyan -
Open Access Article
54 - Report of two species of the genera Acrobeloides Cobb, 1924 and Cephalobus Bastian, 1865 (Nematoda: Cephalobidae) from Semnan Province of Iran
نگین امیرزادی ابراهیم شکوهی علی اسکندریFree living cephalobid nematodes are bacteriovorus and found in the most soils. During study of soil samples from Semnan Province two species of this group viz. Cephalobus persegnis Bastian, 1865 and Acrobeloides nanus (De Man, 1880) Anderson, 1968 were isolated and ide MoreFree living cephalobid nematodes are bacteriovorus and found in the most soils. During study of soil samples from Semnan Province two species of this group viz. Cephalobus persegnis Bastian, 1865 and Acrobeloides nanus (De Man, 1880) Anderson, 1968 were isolated and identified from rizosphere of weed and apricot, respectively. The first species lacks labial probolae, short lateral lips, short spermatheca and postuterine sac, tail cylindrical and in some population have mucro. In Acrobeloides nanus corpus fusiform and labial probolae acute. Both species have smooth cuticle, stoma comprising cheilostome, gymnostome and stegostome, spermatheca and postuterine sac are short. Description, measurements and drawings were provided for both species. Thisis the first record of these species from Semnan Province and second record from Iran. Males of C. persegnisare found for the first time from Iran and are described here in. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - A morphogical study of Teratoscincus bedriagai Nikolsky, 1900 in Semnan province of Iran
ویدا حجتی حاجی قلی کمی افشین فقیریThe bedriaga plate-tailed gecko, Teratoscincus bedriagai, belonging to the family Gekkonidae; because of limited populations a few studies have been done about them in Iran. In this study, which has been done during 2007-2009 in south deserts of Damghan in Semnan provin MoreThe bedriaga plate-tailed gecko, Teratoscincus bedriagai, belonging to the family Gekkonidae; because of limited populations a few studies have been done about them in Iran. In this study, which has been done during 2007-2009 in south deserts of Damghan in Semnan province; 50 specimens were collected at midnight hours of spring and summer. Study region has highly saline soil with desert and steps plants. Present study was conducted on the basis of morphological, morphometrical and meristics characters of Teratoscincus bedriagai. Results of study of specimens including 21 males and 29 females showed that males ranged from 41.7 to 71.7 mm; females ranged from 40.7 to 73.8 mm; HHW: 64.9-113.4; EED: 37.1-80; supralabials and infralabials: 8-12; scales across head: 30-38; scales along head: 60-67; less than 60 scales around midbody; supra caudal plates: 10-12; lateral fringe scales on 4th toe: 19-25; infranasal always presents and postmentals are not distinct. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - The Report of Two Nematode Species of the Genus Eucephalobus Steiner, 1936 (Nematoda: Cephalobidae) form Natural Areas of Semnan Province of Iran
نگین امیرزادی ابراهیم شکوهی علی اسکندریIn order to identification of free-living and bacterivorous nematodes belonging to the family Cephalobidae, about 200 samples were collected from natural areas of Semnan province during 2007 to 2009. In this study two species of the genus Eucephalobus Steiner, 1936 viz. MoreIn order to identification of free-living and bacterivorous nematodes belonging to the family Cephalobidae, about 200 samples were collected from natural areas of Semnan province during 2007 to 2009. In this study two species of the genus Eucephalobus Steiner, 1936 viz. E. mucronatus (Kozlowska andamp; Roguska-Wasilewska, 1963)Andrandaacute;ssy, 1967 in association with rhizosphere of a forest tree and carrot and E. striatus (Bastian, 1865) Thorne, 1937 in association with willow, soil and river were isolated and identified. Both species having short and acute labial probolae while E. mucronatus having cylindrical tail with mucron (vs E. striatus having longer tail with prominent ending). In two mentioned species, stoma including cheilostome, gymnostome and stegostome, spermatheca offset and postuterine sac short. Description, measurements and drawings are provided for these species. This is the first record of these species from Semnan province and second report from Iran and males of E. striatus are described from Iran for the first time. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Identification of Parasitic Worms in Cyprinidae Family Fishes in Main Aquatic Resources of Semnan Province
مهدی ابراهیمیان هومن شجیعی شهرام شرفیSemnanis located in the south of the Alborz Mountains and northern plains desert with dry climates, temperate climate with low average height of 1130 m above sea level and constitute a large family of fish including carp,Cyprinus carpio, Alburnoides bipunctatus, Albumus MoreSemnanis located in the south of the Alborz Mountains and northern plains desert with dry climates, temperate climate with low average height of 1130 m above sea level and constitute a large family of fish including carp,Cyprinus carpio, Alburnoides bipunctatus, Albumus charusini , Capoeta capoeta gracilis itsdominance.Monthsfrom February 2014 to July 2014 sampling of fish parasites within 6 months of the six research stations up and down the river Hableroad,Ali Fountain, King lights martyr Dam the Fishing nets 150 pieces of the fish. The study of microscopic lesions in the skin, gills, fins and eyes of 2 different parasite species, 8 genera such as: 1 genusLigula intestinalisclassCestodaIdentifythe seven genera of Monogenea category includes 2 genera Gyrodactylus .sp, 1 genus Dactylogyrus .sp, 1 genus Dactylogyrus lenkorani, 2 and 1Paradiplozoon .spand Diplozoon meganThe highestand lowest diversity and parasite densities respectively with 3 and 1 Cyprinus carpioand Albumus charusini. The fish resources of this province were the highest and lowest classes Monogenea and Cestoda 7 sex with one gender, It was reported two sex organs Paradiplozoon .sp and Gyrodactylus .sp jointly Cyprinus carpioand Alburnoides bipunctatus. Length-weight regression analysis and Pearson's correlation coefficient 2 domain (PCyprinus carpioand Alburnoides charusiniandCapoeta capoeta gracilis Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - The Identification of Biocontrol Agents of the Common Pistachio psylla and Determination of the Major Species According to their Population density and distribution areas in Semnan province
Mahdi Mohammadi Moghadam Ahmad Dezianian Mahdi Basirat Mahdi NaeimiCommon pistachio psylla (Agonoscena pistaciae ) is one of the most important pests of pistachio orchards in Semnan province (Damghan). This insect causes the considerable damage in the pistachio planting area. This study aims to study the collection and identification o MoreCommon pistachio psylla (Agonoscena pistaciae ) is one of the most important pests of pistachio orchards in Semnan province (Damghan). This insect causes the considerable damage in the pistachio planting area. This study aims to study the collection and identification of biocontrol agents of the common pistachio psylla and determination of major species in pistachio orchards of Amirabad, Forat and Mehmandost areas of Damghan. Pistachio orchards were randomly selected, and sampling was monthly done, then the population of predators and parasitoids was estimated. This study's results indicated that among collected coccinellid, Oenopia conglobata contaminate and Hippodamia variegate species with %39 and %23 frequency were the most frequent predators. As well as Anthocoris minki pistaciae belongs to the subfamily of Anthocorinae is present on the pistachio trees. These bugs feed on pistachio psylla nymphs. These predators haven't high population density in pistachio orchards of Damghan region. Other predators were collected, such as Crysoperla carnea. Psyllaephagus pistaciae, which were collected from mummified common pistachio psylla, had medium population. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Investigating the role and importance of sustainable architecture in optimal fuel consumption and pollution reduction (Case study: Semnan wind-Catchers)
Mahdi Yahyaei Seyed Majid Mofidi Shemirani Vahid Ahmadi -
Open Access Article
60 - The Study of psychometric properties of Work-related Acceptance and Action Questionnaire in university’s staffs
mohammad sadegh sarizadeh Parviz Sabahi Fatemeh AkbariAbstractProper evaluation of psychological flexibility in various tissues can be strongly correlated with the variables associated with that tissue. Therefore, aim of current study was the Study of psychometric properties of the Persian version of Work-related Acceptanc MoreAbstractProper evaluation of psychological flexibility in various tissues can be strongly correlated with the variables associated with that tissue. Therefore, aim of current study was the Study of psychometric properties of the Persian version of Work-related Acceptance and Action Questionnaire in the staff of Semnan University in 2018. The statistical population of the study was the included all employees of Semnan University in 2018. Based on the criteria for entering the study and with using multi-stage cluster sampling, 241 people were selected. The original questionnaire was translated from English to Persian by method of Backward-Forward. To evaluate the psychometric properties of the questionnaire, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS and Lisrel softwares were used. The results of this study showed that this questionnaire, like the original version, is a one-factor questionnaire. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.871 for the whole questionnaire. Based on the results, it seems that Persian version of Work-related Acceptance and Action Questionnaire is the appropriate to evaluate the psychological flexibility in the job context. Manuscript profile
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