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Open Access Article
1 - Presenting the Organizational Architecture Model and its Effect on the Maturity of Human Resources Capabilities of Bushehr Gas Company
laila ghasemi hadi rezghi shirsavar maryam mosleh azita joubariBackground: In the third millennium, organizational architecture and the maturity of human resource capabilities emerged as a new and controversial category. Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze and present an appropriate model of organizational architectu MoreBackground: In the third millennium, organizational architecture and the maturity of human resource capabilities emerged as a new and controversial category. Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze and present an appropriate model of organizational architecture and its impact on the maturity of human resource capabilities of Bushehr Gas Company. Method: The research method was exploratory. In the qualitative part, exploratory factor analysis method and in the quantitative part, structural equations were used. The statistical population in the qualitative section was 12 university experts who were selected by purposive method. In a small part of the statistical population, 300 employees of Bushehr Gas Company were selected. According to Morgan table, 169 people were selected by simple random sampling. Data were extracted in the qualitative part from the exploratory factor analysis method and in the quantitative part from the structural equation method. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed through heuristic factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha. Results: Organizational architecture with 4 dimensions and 20 indicators and organizational maturity with 4 dimensions and 60 indicators were identified. Organizational architecture with four dimensions (business, information, applications and technology) with a coefficient of 0.52 affects the maturity of human resource capabilities with four dimensions (managed, defined, predicted and optimized) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Affecting Factors on the Policy Innovation Capability of Active Public and Private Companies in the Food Industries with Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) Approach
Khadijeh Bahrami Houshang taghizadeh Mortaza Honarmand AzimiBackground: Innovation capability refers to a complete set of characteristics of the organization that facilitates innovation strategies, and Food industries are one of the most important branches of national economy in every country. Objective: this research, with purp MoreBackground: Innovation capability refers to a complete set of characteristics of the organization that facilitates innovation strategies, and Food industries are one of the most important branches of national economy in every country. Objective: this research, with purpose of determinating the affecting factors on the policy innovation capability of public and private companies in the field of food industry of Urmia is to identify and categorize the components by analytical approach. This research is an applied research. Methods: The present research is descriptive-analytical in terms of data collection and field in terms of method. The statistical population of the research is 221 and Sample size with Cochran formula was 143 government and Private companies.The research instrument was a questionnaire whose its content validity and its reliability was coefficient. Findings: The results of the sample fit test were based on the Bartlet index and the adequacy of the sample was 0.891, and the coefficient of aggregate extraction for all dimensions was more than 0.5 and the percentage of variance explained by the effective factors was 60.340%. Conclusion: The factors influencing innovation capability accordingly is categorized into three components: production, process and administrative innovation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The explanation of Relation between Residential Satisfaction and renewal actions in Tehran city (Moghadam, Takhti, Hashemi Neighborhoods)
maliheh babakhaniDeteriorated urban textures are areas of a city isolated from developmental life cycle. They have turned into the focus of problems and inefficiencies. The evaluation of renewal actions claims to promote residents’ satisfaction in some cases. At the same time of i MoreDeteriorated urban textures are areas of a city isolated from developmental life cycle. They have turned into the focus of problems and inefficiencies. The evaluation of renewal actions claims to promote residents’ satisfaction in some cases. At the same time of improving objective and economic quality of life, there are claims regarding the lack of any improvements in their subjective quality of life. Above physical reforms, renewal actions in deteriorated textures should consider the issue of enhancing residents’ quality of life. Hence, besides considering physical aspects, renewal thoughts must also seek to provide and promote their quality of life and satisfaction. The Tehran Renewal Organization in 1388-92 years with the aim of achieving democratic renewal has tried to follow renewal actions with residents of the neighborhood and in keeping existing human and community development. This organization five activities defined: Social activities in order to identify the neighborhood for Awareness and Inform to the residents; Integration and renewal; Improve the quality of construction; Environmental sanitation and the definition of stimulus projects. The aim of this article is to explain the relationship between residential satisfaction of local residents with renewal actions of Tehran Renewal Organization. To do this, first, the aspects of residential satisfaction in deteriorated textures will be discussed. Then, the status of these aspects in renewal experiences will be reviewed. Accordingly, the aspects of achieving residential satisfaction in these fabrics are explained via deductive reasoning method. Based on historical research method, renewal experiences are studied regarding the aspects of residential satisfaction. Residential satisfaction in deteriorated fabrics is influenced by physical-environmental, services, socio-cultural, managerial, and economic aspects. According to aspects of the theoretical framework to examine this issue in renewal experiences 1388-92 years in Tehran. Three neighborhoods Hashemi in 10 district, Moghaddam in 17 district and Takhti in 12 district as selected samples in Tehran were selected based on The cluster analysis, k-means method. Target population are residents of neighborhoods that their homes renovated between 1388-92. then based on Cochran formula 325 questioner was determined to be distributed in the neighborhoods. Questionnaires were distributed and were filled through systematic method in neighborhoods. The data of the questionnaires analysis by statistical methods such as regression and factor analysis in Spss software. Based on outcome of Exploratory Factor Analysis seven factors (residential complex, social capital and environmental conditions residential neighborhood, The physical condition of housing units, Local Facilities and Services, Social-economic situation, Physical conditions of Neighborhood) defining as factors of residential satisfaction in these neighborhoods. The general characteristics of the residential complex, social capital and environmental conditions residential neighborhood residents account for a high percentage of residential' satisfaction. Based on renewal actions that done in these neiborhoods and results of regression analysis, Social activities, integration and renewal and environmental sanitation associate with residential' satisfaction. Activities in the field of improving the quality of construction and development stimulus projects although were defined in renewal activities but has not been considered in the following years and effectiveness of them on residential satisfaction cannot be investigated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Design evaluating model of drivers impacting on Nostalgic behavior and its results via Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)& Structural Equation Modeling (SEM)
Soraya Fathallahi Elham Faridchehr Nader gharib navaz VahidReza MirabiIn the present study, we first examined and identified the psychological-individual factors and considered the following components for each: psychological-individual factors included personality traits, lifestyle, motivation, learning, resistance against change; values MoreIn the present study, we first examined and identified the psychological-individual factors and considered the following components for each: psychological-individual factors included personality traits, lifestyle, motivation, learning, resistance against change; values included hedonic and utilitarianism values, self-concept and authenticity; Then, the effect of these factors on nostalgic behaviors, like tendencies, sentiments and nostalgic intensity were examined. Later on, the effect of nostalgic behaviors on need for belonging, consumption conditions, brand heritage, brand attitudes ,levels of feeling and emotions is examined, and the effects of these factors and nostalgic behaviors on purchase intention (PI) were investigated, and finally, the effect of PI on actual purchases were measured. Conceptual model that extraction of literature and testing the sample size of participants.The methodology of had two stages: stage one was examined using Exploratory Factor Analysis and the second stage using structural equations.Highlights to finding this research and present articles aims to provide managerial implications for customer nostalgia behavior via Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)& Structural Equation Modeling (SEM).The analytical results showed the psychological-individual factors affect Nostalgia behaviors. Nostalgia behaviors, need for belonging, consumption conditions,levels of feeling and emotions brand attitudes, affect purchase intention,but brand heritage is not significantly related purchase intentions.Finally purchase intentions are significantly related purchase behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Presenting a model for developing Islamic organizational culture for education (Case study: cities of Tehran province)
علی صادقی سعید مرادی بتول فقیه آرام علیرضا عراقیه لیلی شریفیانConsidering the third millennium, organizational culture has become a new and controversial topic among sociologists and other related fields, scientists have proposed several models of organizational culture for Eastern society based on Western cultures, which These mo MoreConsidering the third millennium, organizational culture has become a new and controversial topic among sociologists and other related fields, scientists have proposed several models of organizational culture for Eastern society based on Western cultures, which These models are not very compatible with the Islamic principles of Iranian society so the present study was conducted with the aim of presenting the model of organizational culture development based on Islamic principles and descriptive exploratory study with an applied as well as developmental approach. The statistical population of the study was all employees of education departments of Tehran County. A statistical sample of 280 people was selected by purposeful classified sampling method. The data collection materials are included profound library studies and a researcher-made questionnaire. This research is based on a two-stage design. In the first stage, exploratory factor analysis method was used to identify the components and dimensions, and in the second stage, confirmatory factor analysis (smartpls3) was used, and finally the conceptual model along with four methods were evaluated in terms of validity. In the end, the results showed that five dimensions (value, organizational, developmental, human and perspective) have a favorable fit and it was also found that the human dimension and the value dimension are more important. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Factors Affecting the Satisfaction of Iranian Customers In Online Shopping From Instagram Stores
Bita Garshivaz Milad Padidarfard Mohammad MehrabiounFollowing the outbreak of Coronavirus (Covid-19), online businesses are booming. In order to stay in this highly competitive environment, we are required to satisfy and retain our customers. In this regard, the question arises that what factors affect customer satisfact MoreFollowing the outbreak of Coronavirus (Covid-19), online businesses are booming. In order to stay in this highly competitive environment, we are required to satisfy and retain our customers. In this regard, the question arises that what factors affect customer satisfaction in online shopping from Instagram stores? A similar question has been asked many times by various researchers regarding online shopping from different platforms; however, this article tries to examine these factors about Iranian customers in the "Instagram social network", which currently hosts thousands of Iranian online stores. Accordingly, in this article, using a designed questionnaire and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) via IBM SPSS Statistics 26 software, eight factors have been identified that can be considered by Instagram businesses. Identified factors affecting customer satisfaction from Instagram online shopping are: delivery and responsiveness, quality of visual contents, age and reputation of the store's Instagram page, product information quality, product quality and guarantee, store’s physical and virtual identity , store's Instagram page design, diversity and up-to-date store products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Provide a Model for Measuring the Factors Affecting the Promote Social Health
houshang garavandBackground and Aim: Indeed the development of health promotion programs in the community would result in ineffective solutions if social and cultural backgrounds are not considered. Therefore, this study was conducted to provide a model for measuring the factors affecti MoreBackground and Aim: Indeed the development of health promotion programs in the community would result in ineffective solutions if social and cultural backgrounds are not considered. Therefore, this study was conducted to provide a model for measuring the factors affecting social health.method: This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature is a descriptive-analytic method. The statistical population were the Persons over 20 year’s resident of Lorestan province, equal to 1072186 people. According to Cochran formula, 395 people were selected as multistage random sampling method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on the literature and background of the research. In its construction, the views of experts and also specialists in the field of education and research have been used. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis using SPSS software (PLS) was used for data analysis.Findings and Conclusion: Principal components analysis using varimax rotation yielded a six-factor solution of "believe factors", "socio-economic", "political" "well-being-cultural", "demographic" and "geographical-communication" that jointly accounted for 61.43 percent of the total variance. The next step to explain the concept, confirmatory factor analysis was performed. The results showed Factors affecting the promotion of social health building from six construct latent. Friedman test was used to rank the effective factors, which means "believe factors, socio-economic, well-being-cultural, political, geographical-communication and demographic", respectively, are effective on social health. According to the results, it is suggested that in order to promote social health in adults, believe factors, socio-economic and well-being-cultural factors should be considered. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Factor Analysis of the Effective Factors on Extension and Development of Agricultural Biotechnology Commercialization from Researchers of Research Centers Perspective
Vahideh Birjandi S. mahmoud Hosseini Mohammad Chizari Iraj Malek MohammadiAgricultural biotechnology has an important role in food security, biodiversity protection, decreasing of Agriculture's environmental effects, decreasing of changing climate's effects, eliminating of poverty and hunger. Although, research institutes must commercialize t MoreAgricultural biotechnology has an important role in food security, biodiversity protection, decreasing of Agriculture's environmental effects, decreasing of changing climate's effects, eliminating of poverty and hunger. Although, research institutes must commercialize their new biotechnology's research findings via collaborating with industry, and convert to profitable products for markets, most of them just publishing in scientific journals and aren’t usable for consumers. So, the major purpose of this study was to identify and sort the effective factors on extension and development of agricultural biotechnology commercialization from researchers of research centers perspective. The sample size for the study was 170 biotechnology researchers engaged in governmental agricultural research institutions of Iran and data collected by using a questionnaire. The results of exploratory factor analysis in SPSSWin16 were shown that 53.42% of the variance in the extension and development of agricultural biotechnology commercialization could be explained by five factors including infrastructure, policy, economic, extension-information, and education-human resources Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Comparative Analysis and Quality Assessment of Urban Residential Environment in Navab and Ekbatan Neighborhoods Using HMR and EFA Methods
Mojtaba Rafieian Zahra Asgarizade Farzin Amin SalehiQuality of the environment is part of the overall concept of quality of life (QOL). Quality of the environment is considered to be of minor importance as compared to other aspects of QOL including one's health, family life, work, and social network. Nowadays, decline or MoreQuality of the environment is part of the overall concept of quality of life (QOL). Quality of the environment is considered to be of minor importance as compared to other aspects of QOL including one's health, family life, work, and social network. Nowadays, decline or loss of environmental quality in the urban residential environment is one of the most important crises for urban planners and policy makers. The main goal of the present research is to perfom a comparative study in two residential areas including Navab and Ekbatan neighborhoods. To this end, a questionnaire was used based on satisfaction approach and theoretical model of environmental quality. Data collection was conducted at the study field using a questioner filled in for a sample of 540 residents. Data analysis has been also conducted using the SPSS software and statistical methods such as Hierarchical Multiple Regression (HMR) approach, one sample T test and One Way Anova. Reliability and validity of the questionnaires were tested by Exploratory Factor Analysis and Cronbach's Alpha methods. According to the results, environmental quality in the Navab residential area was lower than 5>98/2>1) Versus(5>23/3>1 the environmental quality in the Ekbatan residential. Results of Hierarchical Multiple Regression show that the environmental hygiene factor in Navab (β=0/657) and the sociability factor in Ekbatan (β=./288) were of top-importance from the residents point of view. The results of Exploratory Factor Analysis show that the experimental model of quality assessment was a good fit for quality evaluation. Results of Cronbach's Alpha in Navab (α=./87) and Ekbatan (α=./86) confirmed the validity of the questionnaire Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Analysis of Rural Tourism Development (RTD) in Iran
Reza Dinpanah Navid Naeimian -
Open Access Article
11 - Reliability, Validity and Factor Structure of Marital Jealousy Scale on the Use of the Social Networking Sites in the Married Staff of University of Kashan, Iran
Masoud Kiani zadeh MelaliThe objective of this research was to evaluate the reliability, validity and factor structure of marital jealousy scale on the use of the social networking sites (SNS). The research method was psychoanalysis and statistical population was the married men\women who MoreThe objective of this research was to evaluate the reliability, validity and factor structure of marital jealousy scale on the use of the social networking sites (SNS). The research method was psychoanalysis and statistical population was the married men\women who employee of University of Kashan, and that use social network sites daily, and from them 223 persons were selected using simple random sampling. The participants completed the Muise, Christofides, and Desmarais, SNS Jealousy Scale (2009) and Farrugia Partner Surveillance Scale (2013). For the validity of the scale, exploratory factor analysis methods and convergent validity were used. Factor analysis of the data showed that the SNS Jealousy have four factors (including sense of infidelity, suspicion, tendency in surveillance, and sense of apprehension) and have a good convergent validity (p<0/01). Correlation between tendency in surveillance subscale and Partner Surveillance Scale indicated an appropriate convergent validity (r=0/53, p<0/01). To evaluate the reliability of the scale, internal consistency was measured by Cronbach’s Alpha yielding 0.95 which means a highly reliable scale. Based on findings of the research, it can be concluded that this scale has a high reliability and validity, which can assist us in investigating marital Jealousy on the use of the social networking sites and it can be employed for future studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Developing and Validating an English Language Teacher Commitment Questionnaire (ELTCQ) in Iran High Schools
Akram Bagheri Masood Siyyari Mojgan RashtchiThe notion of teacher commitment has grabbed much attention in the mainstream, and L2 teacher education as teaching has become more complex by recent sociocultural changes in educational practices. Consequently, several instruments have been developed to operationalize MoreThe notion of teacher commitment has grabbed much attention in the mainstream, and L2 teacher education as teaching has become more complex by recent sociocultural changes in educational practices. Consequently, several instruments have been developed to operationalize the construct. The instruments developed so far have addressed the construct generically. To be sure, this line of inquiry is still untouched in the ELT profession. The present exploratory mixed methods study attempted to develop a questionnaire to measure English language teachers’ commitment. In doing so, an initial 61-item questionnaire was developed conducting a comprehensive literature review and using interviews with domain experts and English language teachers. Then the trial instrument was administered to a sample of 352 teachers for Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), reducing the instrument to 32 items. The subsequent Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) obtained from another sample of 577 individuals substantiated a seven-factor model as a robust and valid tool for measuring English language teacher commitment. The seven-factor model of teacher commitment included cognitive language teaching ability, language classroom environment, job satisfaction, opportunities for professional development, language teaching planning and support, language teaching self-image and beliefs, and language teaching exhaustion. ELTCQ can be used for measuring English teachers’ commitment. Researchers, administrators, and teacher trainers can use the questionnaire to improve the quality of in-service courses and examine teacher qualities for future professional predictions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Identifying the Development Drivers of Emerging green Technologies to Realize Sustainable Agriculture in Iran
Akbar Foruzesh Ahmadreza kasraee Reza Dinpanah mehdi charmchian langeruodiIn an era that has been exposed by growing environmental concerns and the urgent need to review the common methods of producing agricultural products and achieving sustainable agriculture, the use of "green technologies" has emerged as the final solution. The MoreIn an era that has been exposed by growing environmental concerns and the urgent need to review the common methods of producing agricultural products and achieving sustainable agriculture, the use of "green technologies" has emerged as the final solution. The identification of factors driving the development of emerging green technologies to achieve sustainable agriculture was carried out. The type of descriptive-survey research and its statistical population were technology experts in the public and private sectors and users of emerging green technologies, 314 of them based on the table of Karjesi and Morgan by random sampling with proportional assignment. were investigated. The tool of data collection was a questionnaire, the validity of which was obtained by referring to experts in agricultural technologies, and the calculation of Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.931) confirmed its reliability.Data were classified by SPSS version 21 software and exploratory factor analysis technique. The results showed that seven factors include the realization of sustainable agriculture, increasing efficiency and productivity in production, improving the form and quality of agricultural products, optimal use of production factors and cost reduction, penetration of green technologies in the agricultural production system, development of technology culture and innovation. In the society and increasing public awareness of emerging green technologies, more than 75% of the total variance of the factors promoting the development of emerging green technologies to achieve sustainable agriculture are explained. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - A Developed Model for Purchase Intention of Foreign Food Products: An Empirical Study in the Iranian Context
Maryam Zarif Sagheb Seyed Kamran Nourbakhsh Mirfeiz Fallahshams -
Open Access Article
15 - Innovation Capability Based on Clustering and Ranking Approach (Case Study: Food and Beverage Industries of Urmia Metropolis)
Khadijeh Bahrami Houshang Taghizadeh Morteza Honarmand Azimi -
Open Access Article
16 - Innovation and Creativity in Determining and Prioritizing Corporate Disclosure Indicators
Amir Shams Koloukhi Ali reza Mehrazeen Abolghassem Massihabadee Mohamad reza ShorvarziBackground: In recent years, we have seen an increase in the importance of social responsibility (CSR) and reporting among organizations. In this regard, creativity and innovation are important in determining and prioritizing the components of corporate social responsib MoreBackground: In recent years, we have seen an increase in the importance of social responsibility (CSR) and reporting among organizations. In this regard, creativity and innovation are important in determining and prioritizing the components of corporate social responsibility. Objectives: The current research, the components and indicators of disclosure, provide and analyze social responsibility by examining expert opinion in a comprehensive framework. After determining the components, the gap between the expected and expected status of the experts was discussed. Method: The statistical population included university professors, experts and managers working in accounting, auditing and financial management of Iran in 1396. Data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis and t-test using SPSS software. Findings: The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that 8 dimensions for corporate social responsibility (leadership and in-organization processes, environmental protection, work environment, community and country, employee support, reporting, public assistance and business Standards) can be extracted. Also, the results of t-test showed that there is a significant difference between the present situation (current performance) and the expected level of experts. Conclusion: The study was conducted with the hope that companies would prioritize transparency in their programs, and that managers would volunteer to disclose social responsibility information. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Explaining Voluntary Disclosure Components With Social Responsibility Approach From the Viewpoint of Higher Education Specialists
Amir Shams Ali reza Mehrazeen Abolghassem Massihabadee Mohamad reza ShorvarziThe purpose of this study was to explain the components of voluntary disclosure with a social responsibility approach from the point of view of higher education professionals. The present study presented and analyzed the components and indicators of voluntary disclosure MoreThe purpose of this study was to explain the components of voluntary disclosure with a social responsibility approach from the point of view of higher education professionals. The present study presented and analyzed the components and indicators of voluntary disclosure by examining the viewpoints of higher education graduates of Iranian universities in a comprehensive framework. To determine the components, voluntary disclosure of their weight was done by 108 faculty members. The statistical population included professors of Iranian universities in accounting, auditing and financial management in 2018. Targeted sampling was based on the field of research. Data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis using SPSS software. The results of exploratory factor analysis revealed that three dimensions for voluntary disclosure of companies (general information and governance, performance, innovation and future growth) can be achieved. The results of this research can reflect the expectations of higher education professionals and users of financial reporting on voluntary disclosure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Exploratory Factor Detection Challenges Questionnaire information management systems
Seyed mohamad hosein Hoseini ravesh Mahsa Nakhaei moghadamThe purpose of this study was to investigate the exploration structure of barriers to implementation of management information systems in sport and youth departments. The research method is descriptive and exploratory. The data of this research were gathered from 156 se MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the exploration structure of barriers to implementation of management information systems in sport and youth departments. The research method is descriptive and exploratory. The data of this research were gathered from 156 senior and middle managers and employees of the Information Technology sector and experts from the General Directorate of Sports and Youth Organization of Khorasan Razavi Province and the subsidiary cities. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with 49 questions. In analyzing the data and presenting the findings, exploratory factor analysis method has been used to categorize and explain the obstacles and to explore the underlying structures. After collecting and analyzing the exploratory factor of the questionnaires, the minimum factor burden accepted for each variable was 0.3. Therefore, from 80 questions of the questionnaire, 31 questions were removed due to factor load less than 0.3 and 49 remaining questions of the class The questionnaire was subjected to a questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha of 0.83 which indicates that the questionnaire is appropriate. It was also found that both the entire questionnaire and all of the sub-tests have a high reliability coefficient. The results showed that this questionnaire can be used as a valid tool for measuring the establishment of management information systems in sports organizations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Prioritizing Customers’ Preferences of Iranian Domestic Flights Using Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Amin Salimian Noudushan Mozhde Rabbani Shahnaz NayebzadeThe purpose of this study is to prioritize the preferences of domestic flights customers through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. This research is practical in terms of its purpose and according to its nature, the applied method is descriptive-survey. The s MoreThe purpose of this study is to prioritize the preferences of domestic flights customers through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. This research is practical in terms of its purpose and according to its nature, the applied method is descriptive-survey. The statistical population of that are customers of domestic flights of Islamic Republic of Iran airlines. The research sample consisted of 145 people who were selected by simple random sampling method. To collect data, a standard questionnaire was developed using the 5 options Likert range. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through content validity and its reliability was confirmed by the Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which is 0.910. Using exploratory factor analysis using SPSS software, 29 variables that affect the preferences of domestic airline clients were grouped into 7 factors and then they were prioritized by confirmatory factor analysis in LISREL software. The results of this study showed that safety factor has the most impact on the customers' preferences and hobby aspect has the least impact on customer preferences. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Land Administrator Personal Competency Model Using Exploratory Factor Analysis
Azmi Rohani Robiah Suratman Durrishah Idrus -
Open Access Article
21 - Development and Validation of Moral Behavior Inventory: the Facts related to Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Exploratory Factor
Mehrdad sabet Ali delavar Hassan Pasha Sharif Zahra KhoshnevisanThe purpose of this study was to develop and validate a Moral Behavior Inventory (MBI). For this purpose, 40 items associated with moral behavior were designed using the comments presented by six experts and tested along with the Big Five Personality Traits Inventory (B MoreThe purpose of this study was to develop and validate a Moral Behavior Inventory (MBI). For this purpose, 40 items associated with moral behavior were designed using the comments presented by six experts and tested along with the Big Five Personality Traits Inventory (BFI), Ethical Sensitivity Scale Questionnaire (ESSQ), and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) on 329 undergraduate students. The results of the exploratory factor analysis as well as the confirmatory factor analysis (after the removal of 8 items) supported the eight-factor structure of the MBI which includes respect to differences, being considerate, responsible behavior, helping behavior, humble behavior, aggressiveness, cheating behavior, and caring behavior. The evidences related to convergent validity and internal reliability indicated the psychometric capacities of MBI. On the whole, the results of the present study introduced the 32- item inventory of moral behavior as an appropriate tool for conducting research in the field of morality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - The Study of psychometric properties of contingencies of self-worth scale
Milad SabzehAra Langroudi Mehdi Reza Sarafraz Nima Ghorbani Reza RostamiThe aim of this research was to investigate the psychometric properties of contingencies of self-worth scale in a sample of Iranian university students. 502 undergraduate Payam Nour university students of langroud city were selected by available sampling method and were MoreThe aim of this research was to investigate the psychometric properties of contingencies of self-worth scale in a sample of Iranian university students. 502 undergraduate Payam Nour university students of langroud city were selected by available sampling method and were asked to complete contingencies of self-worth scale (CSWS), Integrative self-knowledge (ISK), Self-compassion scale-short form (SCS-SF), Margolis-Thomas narcissism scale (MTNS) and Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSES). First, confirmatory factor analysis indicate that the factor structure of the Iranian sample does not fit with factor structure of the American sample. Thus, to find appropriate factor structure with Iranian sample exploratory factor analysis with principal component analysis and rotation oblimin was conducted and showed that 6 factor are fitted with data structure. Convergent and divergent scale validities were confirmed and Cronbach's alpha coefficients also revealed a good internal consistency of factors scale. Results based on self-determination theory and contingencies of self-worth theory were discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - بررسی پایایی و ساختار عاملی مقیاس فارسی ظرفیت خودتنظیمی در یادگیری لغت در محیط انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه در ایران
مریم طالب دعایی سید امیر حسین سرکشیکیان سید عبدالمجید طباطبائیمطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی پایایی و ساختار عاملی مقیاس فارسی ظرفیت خود تنظیمی در یادگیری واژگان درمحیط زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه در ایران انجام شد. برای این منظور، ابتدا پرسشنامه اصلی با استفاده ازروش ترجمه/ پس ترجمه به زبان فارسی ترجمه ونسخه فارسی در بین 43 دانش آ Moreمطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی پایایی و ساختار عاملی مقیاس فارسی ظرفیت خود تنظیمی در یادگیری واژگان درمحیط زبان انگلیسی به عنوان زبان خارجه در ایران انجام شد. برای این منظور، ابتدا پرسشنامه اصلی با استفاده ازروش ترجمه/ پس ترجمه به زبان فارسی ترجمه ونسخه فارسی در بین 43 دانش آموز دبیرستانی پایلوت گردید ،و مشخص شد که ابزار مورد مطالعه پایایی درونی قابل قبول دارد ( 0,81 =آلفا) . در مرحله اصلی این مطالعه، یکنمونه متشکل از 1167 دانش آموز (پایه های نهم تا دوازدهم دبیرستان) در پانزده مدارس در سه شهرستان ایرانبه مقیاس فارسی پاسخ دادند. بر اساس نتایج، نسخه فارسی این مقیاس پایایی درونی قابل قبولداشت( 0,81 =آلفا). همچنین، ساختار عاملی نسخه فارسی با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایجنشان داد که مقیاس ترجمه شده از یک بعد با پنج زیر بعد تشکیل شده است که با ساختار عاملی پرسشنامهاصلی تفاوت دارد. یافته های این مطالعه نشان می دهد که نسخه فارسی مقیاس ظرفیت خود تنظیمی درراهبردهای یادگیری واژگان ابزاری با پایایی و روایی لازم برای اندازه گیری راهبرد های خود تنظیمی در یادگیریلغت در ایران است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Designing and Validating a Scale of Teachers` Instructional Strategies
Ehsan Azimpour Javad Mesrabadi Peyman YarmohammadzadehThis research was designed to achieve two objectives: a) designing a scale of teachers' instructional strategies and b) Validating the scale. To this end, Delphi method and content analysis were used to design the scale and a within group plan, using descriptive – MoreThis research was designed to achieve two objectives: a) designing a scale of teachers' instructional strategies and b) Validating the scale. To this end, Delphi method and content analysis were used to design the scale and a within group plan, using descriptive – survey method, was used to validate the scale. This study included two samples: for the first purpose of the study 43 teachers, through convenient sampling, were selected and for the second purpose 354 teachers, through stratified random multistage cluster sampling were chosen. To collect the data, two researcher – made instruments were employed. The first questionnaire included an open-ended question in which the teachers were required to list their instructional strategies in their class. The second questionnaire was a 29 – item scale in which the items were chosen from among the teachers` instructional strategies through content analysis and exploratory factor analysis. The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed that all of the teachers` instructional strategies can be classified in seven categories including strategies of learner – centered (cognitive activation), group – based education, focusing and motivating, providing an optimal environment, direct teaching (teacher – centered), controlling the educational process, and preparation. Teachers can employ various instructional strategies to provide appropriate learning environment for students and directly affect the quality of educational process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Operationalizing Organizational Strategies to Predictively Control Implementational Risks
saba hedayatifar DAvood feiz hassan amiriAchieving higher organizational performance standards entails not merely vivid illustration but also implementation of policies and actions. The purpose of the present study, hence, was to identify risks involved in operationalization of organizational strategies and to MoreAchieving higher organizational performance standards entails not merely vivid illustration but also implementation of policies and actions. The purpose of the present study, hence, was to identify risks involved in operationalization of organizational strategies and to offer a pattern to predictively control their occurrence. To achieve the purpose, interviews were conducted with experts in the field to delineate probable risks and the results were interpreted through Soft System Modelling. Further, effective preventive activities to control the risks and promote successful implementation of organizational strategies were explored. Next, factors common in the activities were categorized through Exploratory Factor Analysis into three groups to promote efficient management of strategic operationalization. The findings discriminated probability measurement of strategic implementation, alignment and proportion exploration and implementation of strategies as three effective activities that can control implementational and operational risks. This led to a tripartite-stage pattern of organizational strategy operationalization capable of diagnosing viable flaws of the proposing and implementing strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Identification of Challenges and Designing a Product Sale Improvement Model via Structural Equation Modelling: East Azarbaijan Electronic Power Industry
Mir saeid Yazhari Hassan Rasooli saghai Morteza MahmoudzadehThe purpose of the present applied and descriptive study was to identify challenges in electric power industry in East Azarbaijan province and to design a model for promoting the level of product sales. A researcher-made questionnaire was employed to collect the researc MoreThe purpose of the present applied and descriptive study was to identify challenges in electric power industry in East Azarbaijan province and to design a model for promoting the level of product sales. A researcher-made questionnaire was employed to collect the research data. The content validity of the questionnaire was verified by the specialists in the field and especially the supervisor. The design of the questionnaire initiated with exploratory factor analysis to identify factors influencing efficiency in Electronics Industry. The analyses specified 18 intercorrelated variables that were classified under four general groups including Internal reinforcement like innovative product design, market and sale, macro business environment like technical, social, economic and environmental factors, strengthening internal infrastructures like laboratories, chip design and modern technology and factors related to the industrial context like consumers, customers and competitors. Further, the intervening effect of marketing, competitive and research factors as well as the moderating effect of professional shopping and chip design probability were examined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - A Study of Exploratory Factor Analytic Model: Identifying Optimal Number of Factors Affecting Reflection-for-action Scale
Nazanin Forghani Mohammad Bavali Ehsan Hadipour Fard -
Open Access Article
28 - Reconceptualizing the Main Factors of Reflection-for-Action in an Iranian EFL Context
Nazanin Forghani Mohammad Bavali Ehsan Hadipour Fard -
Open Access Article
29 - Presenting a model of organizational ambivalence based on the tasks of Islamic human resource management in Naja
salim Sanai Masoud Pour Kiyani Sanjar Salajegheh Saeed SayyadiIslamic human resource management is one of the most important organizational areas that has an impact on organizational performance, and with proper focus and optimal use of this important, a balance between stability and change can be created; On the other hand, atten MoreIslamic human resource management is one of the most important organizational areas that has an impact on organizational performance, and with proper focus and optimal use of this important, a balance between stability and change can be created; On the other hand, attention to the concept of dualism is growing. As a result, in the current research, the department of human resources management in the police force of the Islamic Republic of Iran has been considered as the most efficient department for the realization of organizational dualism, and in this research, the model of organizational duality has been presented based on the tasks of Islamic human resource management in Naja. In order to collect the data, the opinions of the experts and experts of Naja were used by using a semi-structured interview and a questionnaire. Excel software was used for theme analysis and SPS software was used for exploratory factor analysis. Using theme analysis, 120 core codes were identified in 8 selective code categories (planning, performance evaluation, requirements, Islamic work relations, retention, power of influence, recruitment based on Islamic criteria and Islamic education). Exploratory factor analysis also classified the selective codes in two dimensions of exploration and exploitation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Identifying the factors and consequences of cyber loafing with the exploratory factor analysis approach (case study: government organizations of Isfahan city)
Zahra Rahmati Alireza Shirvani Mohammad Reza DalviToday, technological changes have caused the development of knowledge in the field of technology in organizations, and managers need to use computer technology for the progress of the organization. In addition, the Internet has become an essential part of the work and d MoreToday, technological changes have caused the development of knowledge in the field of technology in organizations, and managers need to use computer technology for the progress of the organization. In addition, the Internet has become an essential part of the work and daily life of many people. Spending work time for various non-work activities is called cyber loafing. The purpose of this research is to identify the factors and consequences of cyber loafing. The method of this research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, which was done in the qualitative part by using the foundation data method and through interviews with experts, and in the quantitative part, through a questionnaire made by the researcher from the employees of government organizations in Isfahan city. The statistical population is the employees of twelve government organizations in the city of Isfahan, and the number of 363 people was determined based on simple random sampling. In order to analyze the data, exploratory factor analysis was used. Based on the results, the factors of cyber loafing in three categories: individual (personality trait, individual's attitude to work, individual characteristics, individual motivation, emotions, individual's perception of the environment, value and importance of work), group (communication, behaviors that promote social idleness) , contradiction and conflict), organizational (organizational structure, organizational policy and rules, dominant organizational culture, transformation and organizational technology) and individual, group and organizational consequences were identified. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - On the Analysis of Factors Affecting Urban Sustainability (Case Study: Ardabil City)
L. Sayad Y. Gholipour S. Feyzi Urbanization development and growing process of urban population has caused problems such as excessive use of resources, environmental pollution, increased social anomalies and economic problems at urban communities. Sustainable development has been the main slo More Urbanization development and growing process of urban population has caused problems such as excessive use of resources, environmental pollution, increased social anomalies and economic problems at urban communities. Sustainable development has been the main slogan in the third millennium and the new paradigm in the most popular theoretical and scientific literature concerning urban development and planning. The objective of this study was to analyze and categorize the factors affecting urban sustainability in Ardebil city from the citizens' points of view as the main beneficiaries of urban planning program. The study was descriptive-analytical research and the method of collecting information was documentary and survey (Field Finder). Population were the citizens of Ardabil city. The sample size included 384 members based on Cochran formula, while there was a two stage cluster sampling method. The 26 items of the research questionnaire were reduced to five factors using exploratory factor analysis. All the five factors explain 68.059 percent of total variance. The first factor (environment design) plays the most important role with specific value 5.636 (21.676% of variance) in setting all effective variance factors on urban sustainability. Then the social factor with specific value 3.707 (14.259% of variance), management factor with specific value 3.695 (14.212% of variance) economic-infrastructural factor with specific value 475/2 (518/9% of variance) environmental factor with specific value 183.2 (8.3394 percent variance) were located at second, third, fourth, and fifth level of factors affecting urban sustainability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Development of Main Success Factors in Technology Transfer: An Empirical Study of Iranian Oil Industry
Matin Milani Tabrizi Akbar Alemtabriz Mohammad Fallah Hamed Kazemipoor -
Open Access Article
33 - Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Internal Consistency and Behavioral Factors Affective Scholarly Communication
Farshad Parhamnia Fatemeh Nooshinfard Nadjla Hariri Sedegh Mohamad EsmaeilObjective: The present study aimed to investigate the factors affecting scholarly communication among the faculty members in Iran’s Universities. It also explained the validity and reliability of the scale. Methods: The study, is a descriptive study. The target st MoreObjective: The present study aimed to investigate the factors affecting scholarly communication among the faculty members in Iran’s Universities. It also explained the validity and reliability of the scale. Methods: The study, is a descriptive study. The target statistical population included the faculty members working at Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education and Islamic Azad University of all the selected sample 380 were chosen based on the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) Table. After the selection of the sample using stratified sampling, the participants were chosen. The instrument was an organized questionnaire. The data analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and the internal consistency were calculated using SPSS and Amos 21. Results: The findings showed that the six obtained factors were responsible for 77.45 percent of the whole variance of the behavioral factors. Based on the analysis of confirmatory factor analysis the presented model with six factors had an acceptable good fit. The alpha Cronbach showed that the reliability of the questionnaire was acceptable. Furthermore, Cronbach alpha coefiecient showed an acceptable internal reliability. Conclusion: Overall, based on the findings, the resultant model was of a good fit; therefore, the questionnaire with six factors and twenty items was an acceptable measure to scholarly communication among faculty members of the Iranian university. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - نقش استراتژیهای اجتماعی عاطفی مدرسین زبان انگلیسی در تمایل به ارتباط زبان آموزان: دیدگاه زبان آموزان
Nahid Zarei مهناز سعیدی سعبده آهنگریمطالعه حاضر با هدف طراحی و ارزیابی روایی سازه و پایایی پرسشنامه تمایل به ارتباط که استراتژی های اجتماعی-عاطفی مدرسین زبان انگلیسی را هدف قرار می دهد انجام شده است. شرکت کنند گان در این مطالعه، که با روش نمونه گیری غیر محتمل انتخاب شده بودند، 153 زبان آموز از سه آموزشگاه Moreمطالعه حاضر با هدف طراحی و ارزیابی روایی سازه و پایایی پرسشنامه تمایل به ارتباط که استراتژی های اجتماعی-عاطفی مدرسین زبان انگلیسی را هدف قرار می دهد انجام شده است. شرکت کنند گان در این مطالعه، که با روش نمونه گیری غیر محتمل انتخاب شده بودند، 153 زبان آموز از سه آموزشگاه معتبر انگلیسی در ایران بودند. پرسشنامه اولیه با 45 گویه با رجوع به مصاحبه متمرکز مدرسین زبان که قبلا توسط نویسندگان حاضر انجام شده بود و همچنین پیشینه طراحی شد. پس از تکمیل پرسشنامه توسط زبان آموزان، تجزیه تحلیل عامل اکتشافی انجام گرفت. نتیجه تحلیل منتهی به 37 گویه و شش عامل شد: الف) ایجاد تعامل مثبت (8 گویه) ، (ب) اشتیاق معلمان (6 گویه) ، (ج) رفتار منصفانه معلمان (5 گویه) ، (د) حضور و تمرکز معلمان ( 6 گویه) ، صمیمیت معلمان (6 گویه) و مهارتهای تدریس و مشارکت در فعالیتهای گروهی (6 گویه). معیارهای پایا یی نیز مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و نتایج رضایت بخش بود. پس از مقایسه شش عامل با همدیگر، نتایج نشان داد که میزان اشتیاق و رفتار منصفانه معلمان مهمترین عامل در ارتقا تمایل به ارتباط زبان آموزان می باشند. در آخر پیامدهای این نتایج برای مدرسین و تربیت مدرسین و برای تحقیق بیشتر مورد بحث قرار گرفت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - طراحی و اعتبارسنجی پرسشنامه هوش معنوی زبان آموزان با روش تلفیقی
Masoumeh Azadi Parviz Maftoon Minoo Alemiما می توانیم از دریچه هوش معنوی (SI) نگاهی تازه و جدید به موقعیت آموزشی و ظرفیت های یادگیرندگان داشته باشیم. در مطالعه حاضر بر اساس پیشینه موضوع و تاریخچه مطالعه شده و مصاحبه با 22 زبان آموز، یک پرسشنامه 27 آیتمی طراحی شد که بین 360 زبان آموز انگلیسی توزیع شده و ا Moreما می توانیم از دریچه هوش معنوی (SI) نگاهی تازه و جدید به موقعیت آموزشی و ظرفیت های یادگیرندگان داشته باشیم. در مطالعه حاضر بر اساس پیشینه موضوع و تاریخچه مطالعه شده و مصاحبه با 22 زبان آموز، یک پرسشنامه 27 آیتمی طراحی شد که بین 360 زبان آموز انگلیسی توزیع شده و از روش پژوهشی اکتشافی تلفیقی استفاده شد. از طریق تجزیه و تحلیل داده های کیفی(تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی (EFA عناصر هوش معنوی زبان آموزان مشخص و چهار فاکتور استخراج شد با عناوین: (1) یادگیری زبان انگلیسی برای منافع شخصی، اجتماعی و آموزشی، (2) یادگیری زبان انگلیسی برای پیشرفت های شخصی، اجتماعی و تحصیلی، (3) یادگیری زبان انگلیسی برای ترویج ارزش های مذهبی، و (4) یادگیری زبان انگلیسی برای ارتباطات بین فرهنگی. نتایج مطالعه حاکی از آن است که این مقیاس، معیاری با روایی و پایایی معتبر و قابل اعتماد برای اندازه گیری هوش معنوی زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی است. نتایج حاصل از مطالعه همچنین نشان داد که هوش معنوی با جنسیت و سطح تحصیلات رابطه معناداری دارد. این یافته ها می تواند به محققان کمک کند تا تعریفی از هوش معنوی ارائه دهند و هوش معنوی زبان آموزان زبان انگلیسی را اندازه گیری کنند. نتایج این مطالعه می تواند برای مربیان، دانشگاهیان، نظریه پردازان، مراکز تربیت معلم، معلمان، طراحان برنامه درسی، و برنامه ریزان آموزشی مفید واقع شود بویژه اگرآنان به اهمیت هوش معنوی در زمینه آموزشی و تأثیر آن بر عملکرد زبان آموزان توجه داشته باشند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Psychometric Properties of Preschool Children Anxiety Scale (Teacher Form)
Saeed Ghanbari Rahim Rabieenejad Parisa Ganje Sanaz Khoramzadehthe present study examined psychometric properties of teacher form of Preschool Children Anxiety Scale (Spense & Rapee, 2001) among a sample of 4-6 year old children of Ahvaz city. One hundred and fifty children from care centers of four areas of Ahvaz were selected Morethe present study examined psychometric properties of teacher form of Preschool Children Anxiety Scale (Spense & Rapee, 2001) among a sample of 4-6 year old children of Ahvaz city. One hundred and fifty children from care centers of four areas of Ahvaz were selected by multi-stage sampling. The children’s teachers completed the Teacher Form of Preschool Children Anxiety Scale and the Teacher Report Form of the Conner’s Child Behavior Checklist (Conner, 1999). The exploratory factor analysis with principal component and varimax rotation led to extraction of five factors, including general anxiety, social anxiety, fear of physical injury, separation anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive. The results indicated good psychometric properties of the teacher form of Spence Preschool Children Anxiety Scale. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Factor structure of the academic expectations stress inventory
Omid Shokri Ahmad BehPajouh Zohreh Daneshvar Pour Mohammad Molaei Zahra Naghsh Reza A. Tarkhan Fahimeh KehtariIn order to evaluate the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Academic Expectations Stress Inventory (AESI, Ang and Huan, 2006), 143 male and 182 female high school students were administered the AESI and the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (FNES- MoreIn order to evaluate the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Academic Expectations Stress Inventory (AESI, Ang and Huan, 2006), 143 male and 182 female high school students were administered the AESI and the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (FNES-B, Leary, 1983). Exploratory factor analysis confirmed the two factor-structure of the AESI in the Iranian sample: Expectations of Parents/Teachers and Expectations of Self. The findings of confirmatory factor analysis provided support for the factor structure derived from exploratory factor analysis and suggested that the two-factor model of AESI, compared to the one-factor model, was a better fit to the data. Significant positive correlations between the scores of BFNES scale and AESI's total and subscales scores provided empirical support for the convergent validity of the AESI. Internal consistency of the AESI total score and its subscales was good. The findings support the consistency of the AESI factor structure, and its validity in measuring stress of academic expectations in Iranian students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Marketing Capabilities of Bank Melli Iran Brand in Tehran Province
mohammad najafzadeh ziaodin Sayyed Abbas Heidari Bahram KheiriBackground: Marketing capabilities, if high in companies, will enable them to obtain information about competitors' actions and reactions, create special value for their customers and create barriers to the entry of competitors and prevent their threats.Objective: Explo MoreBackground: Marketing capabilities, if high in companies, will enable them to obtain information about competitors' actions and reactions, create special value for their customers and create barriers to the entry of competitors and prevent their threats.Objective: Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis of marketing capabilities of Melli Bank of Iran brand in Tehran province. Materials and Methods: In terms of the type of research, the research was applied and based on the path in terms of descriptive type, based on cross-sectional time and based on the implementation of the field type that was conducted in Melli Bank of Tehran. The type and method of research in this research is descriptive method. Results: For all models, the value of the division of kai statistics 2 to the degree of freedom less than 2 and the amount of RMSEA was less than 08.0, so it can be concluded that the mentioned models have a good fit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - The Classification of Agility Enablers for the Auto-Part Industry Suppliers
Mostafa Ziyaei HajipirluIn nowadays' turbulent business environment, perhaps it could be said that the role and importance of achieving the agility paradigm requirements in order to achieve excellence in all levels: individual, organizational and supply chain to manufacturing enterprises is mo MoreIn nowadays' turbulent business environment, perhaps it could be said that the role and importance of achieving the agility paradigm requirements in order to achieve excellence in all levels: individual, organizational and supply chain to manufacturing enterprises is more vital than other new emerged contributions. In the present study the agility enablers for automotive industry suppliers identified and classified. All of the small and medium enterprises producing auto- parts as suppliers in this industry in North West of the country consisted as the study population. The statistical sampling selected among the heads of this companies, also specialists, researchers and university professors which have executive or strong research history on the agility of the supply chain was conducted as a group of experts. The sample number using the Cochran relation for statistical community with an undisclosed amount of population, 265 people were identified. Data by using the questionnaire consists of 36 items has been collected. Its validity and reliability investigated by content validity and test-retest reliability using Spearman's correlation coefficient (r =0.814) has been reviewed and approved respectively. The results of exploratory factor analysis identified all of 36 indicators as the enablers of agility for suppliers in the auto-part industry. The results of exploratory factor analysis, classified indicators in the form of eight components, as follows: "management capabilities, flexible human resources, improving time performance, information technology methods, reduction of destabilizing factors, improving product quality, cost effectiveness and dynamic approach to the customers", with regard to the factor names constructing each of the component. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - The Development, Evaluation, and Refinement of the Planning to Achieve Goals scale: Applying Graded Response Model of Item-Response Theory in Test Construction
mohammad ahmadi deh qutbaddini valiyohhah farzadThis study aims to design, evaluate, and refine the scale of planning to achieve future goals based on indicators from the American School Counselors Association. For this purpose, a sample of second-grade students from Sirjan and Rafsanjan in three disciplines of human MoreThis study aims to design, evaluate, and refine the scale of planning to achieve future goals based on indicators from the American School Counselors Association. For this purpose, a sample of second-grade students from Sirjan and Rafsanjan in three disciplines of humanities, experimental science, and mathematics (n = 1030) was selected by multistage cluster sampling method and the desired scale was implemented on them. The initial scale consisted of 48 questions and 7 factors designed on a 5-point Likert scale continuum which was analyzed using the principal component analysis model and graded response model of item-response theory. The results showed that of the first 48 questions according to the item information function diagram, eight questions were omitted, the remaining questions had a slope parameter in the range of 1.091 to 2.899 and category thresholds between -0.056 to 1.379. To validate the long and short form factor scores, the correlation between the two test factor scores showed that the correlation between the two general scores and the component scores were all above 0.9 and nearly 96.8% of the respondents in both test forms correctly classified. Therefore, it can be concluded that IRT models are a useful tool for constructing, evaluating, and refining short measurement tools that are valid as long forms. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - School engagement: factor structure and validation study of scale
Mohamad Hosein Khani Enayat Olah Zaman Por Seydeh Khadijeh MoradyaniBackground: School engagement is associated with several positive academic outcomes which cause growing interest among researchers. Inconsistencies in measures of school engagement in the literature around the world have called for reexamining its components a MoreBackground: School engagement is associated with several positive academic outcomes which cause growing interest among researchers. Inconsistencies in measures of school engagement in the literature around the world have called for reexamining its components and subscales in Iran. Goal: The aim of this study is exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of school engagement scale for Iranian high school students Method: The research's method is correlation. The population is taken from students of the public high school of Rey, Tehran. The total number of the participants is 322 which were selected by the random cluster sampling method. They respond to Wang, Willett & Eccles school engagement questionnaire. Results: Exploratory factor analysis extracts 4 components which were confirmed by first order confirmatory factor analysis. Second order confirmatory factor analysis showed that these four components can be categorized in two subscales. Discussion: In summary, our revised scale of school engagement has suitable reliability and validity. We can use this scale to assess school engagement of students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - The Consideration of Validity and reliability of Adult Self xpression Scale and relationship between Self Expression and quality of interpersonal relationship on male and female teachers
Ahmad Davodi Rahim DavariThe purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of adult self expression scale and relationship between Self Expression and quality of interpersonal relationship on male and female teachers of Qazvin in t MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of adult self expression scale and relationship between Self Expression and quality of interpersonal relationship on male and female teachers of Qazvin in the academic year of 2017-2016. Sample consists of 400 teachers selected randomly cluster sampling. The data gathering tool included self-disclosure scale-the adult forms of Hollandsworth‚ Galassi & Gay (1977), the quality of interpersonal relationships, Pierce, Sarason, & Sarason (1991), and Rathus assertivness Schedule (1973). To analyze the data and to investigate the research hypotheses, exploratory and confirmatory research was applied, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression were used. The results of Cronbach's alpha coefficient and point-to-point coefficient showed that 33 of 47 questions were eliminated due to lack of clean factor higher than 0.20 and the standardized Cronbach's alpha coefficient for 14 questions was calculated 0.78. Exploratory factor analysis by main component analysis and varimax rotation method showed that the self-detection scale has one factor, and this is a factor with a specific value of 3.65, alone, reveals 26.04% of the variance of the test.The results of the first factor analysis also showed the validity of the scale structure. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between self-disclosure and quality of relationship with parents, quality of relationship with each other, overall score of the quality of interpersonal relationships. The results of self-regression self-disclosure on the quality of interpersonal relationships revealed that 0.014% of the variance in the quality of the relationship with the parents, 0.12% of the variance of the quality of the relationship with the spouse, and 0.018 of the variance of the quality of the relationship between, are explained through self-disclosure. Manuscript profile
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