Constructing and validating a questionnaire to strengthen teamwork based on sports activities in primary ages

Subject Areas : Innovation in Sports Management

alireza alizadeh tamiz ¹ (PhD student in sports management, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran)
shahryar Kharazian ² (Assistant Professor, Sports Management Department, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran)
Ehsan Asadollahi ³ (Assistant professor at Senabad Golbahar Institute of Higher Education)
amir moghaddam ⁴ (Assistant Professor, Sports Management Department, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran)

Received: 2024-02-27 Accepted : 2024-07-02 Published : 2024-08-04

Keywords: Teamwork, Basic Ages, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Instrument Construction.,

Abstract :

The aim of the current research was to develop and validate a questionnaire for strengthening teamwork based on sports activities in primary ages. The research method was descriptive and of the structural equation type, which was implemented in the field. The statistical population of the research in the interview and questionnaire section consisted of sports and social science experts and experts, sports science sociologists and sports elites with academic rank and favorable work experience, and members of the sports management faculty familiar with the field of team work. In the quantitative and reliability section of the questionnaire, the statistical population included physical education teachers in elementary schools and sports coaches in elementary schools, and a total of 240 questionnaires were collected. To identify factors and categorize each question, exploratory factor analysis test was used using SPSS22 software, and structural rate modeling was used using SMART PLS3 software to check confirmatory factor analysis. The results showed that the research questionnaire has 10 components and 54 questions and the total reliability of the questionnaire was 0.833. Regarding construct validity and based on the degree of relationships and level of significance, all the questions had a significant relationship with the factors and all the components had a significant relationship with the strengthening of teamwork based on sports activities; Therefore, all 10 factors have been able to be a good predictor for the research questionnaire; As a result, the internal and external validity of the model was confirmed. Finally, it can be concluded that based on the obtained findings, the present questionnaire can be used to evaluate, identify and strengthen teamwork based on sports activities at elementary ages.

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