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Open Access Article
1 - Investor Sentiment Based on the Crude Oil Business Cycle
Samad Ayazi Mansour Garkaz Parviz Saeedi Alireza MatoofiThe study of business cycles is important because economic planning does not make sense without understanding how GDP fluctuates and the root of these fluctuations. Therefore, making attempts to recognize the structure of business cycles fluctuations created in the econ MoreThe study of business cycles is important because economic planning does not make sense without understanding how GDP fluctuates and the root of these fluctuations. Therefore, making attempts to recognize the structure of business cycles fluctuations created in the economy can help us improve the decision making process. The greater the economic fluctuations or business cycles, the more instability in the economy, and investors can't predict a clear image of the future. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of Iran crude oil business cycles on the 266 companies in Iran stock exchange during the period from 2005 to 2015. Thus, the crude oil business cycle was calculated using Hedrick Prescott filter and then the effects of crude oil business cycle was on the investors' sentiments was estimated using Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) approach. The results of the study indicated that when the crude oil business cycle shows a boom, investors' sentiments is greater than the time when the crude oil business cycle shows a period of recession; meaning that the crude oil boom leads to an increase in investor sentiments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - حذف رنگ بنفش کریستال با استفاده از جاذب سنتزی سیکلودکسترین اصلاح شده با نانو ذرات اکسید آهن و به کمک امواج فراصوت؛ با متدلوژی طراحی تجربی
Ali Omaniziarati Gholamhossein Vatankhahدر این پژوهش، کاربرد جاذب سیکلو دکسترین/نانو ذرات اکسید آهن سنتز شده به عنوان یک جاذب جدید برای حذف رنگ بنفش کریستال از محیط های آبی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. این مقاله بر توسعه یک روش موثر برای به دست آوردن شرایط بهینه حذف با کمک امواج فراصوت برای حذف حداکثر رنگ بنفش کریست Moreدر این پژوهش، کاربرد جاذب سیکلو دکسترین/نانو ذرات اکسید آهن سنتز شده به عنوان یک جاذب جدید برای حذف رنگ بنفش کریستال از محیط های آبی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. این مقاله بر توسعه یک روش موثر برای به دست آوردن شرایط بهینه حذف با کمک امواج فراصوت برای حذف حداکثر رنگ بنفش کریستال بر روی CM-β-CD-Fe3O4NPs در یک محلول آبی با استفاده از روش سطح پاسخ (RSM) تمرکز دارد. این جاذب جدید با تکنیک­های مختلف مانند FT-IR ،XRD و SEM مشخصه یابی و ارزیابی گردید. تأثیر متغیرهایی مانند غلظت اولیه رنگ(X1) ،pH (X2) ، دوز جاذب (X3) و زمان فراصوت (X4) با طراحی مرکب مرکزی (CCD) تحت روش سطح پاسخ مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. این فرآیند به صورت تجربی مدل­سازی شد تا متغیرهای مهم و فعل و انفعالات احتمالی آنها آشکار شود. شرایط بهینه سازی برای زمان تابش امواج فراصوت،pH ، مقدار جاذب وغلظت رنگ به ترتیب، 10 میلی­گرم بر لیتر، 6، 5 دقیقه و 025/0 گرم تعیین شد. در نهایت، نشان داده شد که حذف رنگ بنفش کریستالی توسط جاذب در pH برابر با 6 اتفاق افتاد. به وضوح ثابت شد که جذب رنگ مورد مطالعه با معادله سینتیکی شبه درجه دوم مطابقت دارد و همدمای لانگمویر داده های تعادل را توضیح می­دهد. حداکثر ظرفیت تک لایه جذب توسط جاذب (qmax)برای رنگ مورد مطالعه در شرایط بهینه 100 میلی­گرم بر گرم بدست آمد. گرمازا بودن این فرآیند با مقدار منفی (ΔG˚، ΔH˚ وΔS˚) ثابت شد که نشان از میل جاذب سنتز شده CM-β-CD-Fe3O4NPs برای حذف رنگ بنفش کریستال دارد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Variability of Solar Activity and it’s Influence on the Earth’s Climate Case Study: Climate of Middle East and Iran
Azar Zarin عباس MofidiIn order to understand the mechanism governing the solar activities and it’s relation tothe Earth’s climate, physical characteristics of the Sun and it’s activities, characteristicsand structure of sunspots and the relation between solar variability- s MoreIn order to understand the mechanism governing the solar activities and it’s relation tothe Earth’s climate, physical characteristics of the Sun and it’s activities, characteristicsand structure of sunspots and the relation between solar variability- specially sunspotscycle- and the Earth’s climate were investigated. In this case, Iran-Middle East,Northern Africa and Mediterranean regions selected as a sample of subtropical region. Itwas done in two stages. First, some of the synoptic stations of Iran and adjacentsubtropical regions were investigated and rainfall and temperature data of 16 stationswith 61 years (1930-1990) and 50 years (1951-2000) were chosen respectively.Summertime average temperature (July, August and September) and wintertime averagetemperature (January, February and March) were used. In the second stage, the Iran-Middle East, northern Africa and Mediterranean region were divided into four sectorsand average geopotential height of 500hpa and 50hpa levels for a 53 years period (1948-2000) were calculated for the winter and summer. Also, the average position and speedof subtropical jet stream in 200hpa level were derived for the above regions, periods andseasons and then their relation with the solar activity were investigated. For determiningthe relation between solar variability and climatic variables and regional atmosphericcirculation components, sunspot numbers, solar radio flux and a solar geomagneticactivity index (AA) were used.The results did not show a considerable significant correlation between sunspotnumbers and solar radio flux with winter rainfall and extreme seasons averagetemperature of those selected stations. However, the low correlation indicates that in theyears with maximum solar activity, the average winter temperature in the Middle Eastand Iran relatively decreases. The result of investigating the relation between 500hpaand 50hpa average geopotential height with solar activity indices for the extremeseasons have had positive correlation. The maximum correlation was seen in 50hpalevel (lower stratosphere) as there was a significant positive correlation between thislevel and solar activity indices. Also, there has been a low negative correlation betweenthe position and speed of subtropical jet stream and sunspot numbers and the other solaractivity indices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - بررسی اثرات بالینی و هیستوپاتولوژیکی داروی Celecoxib بعد از ترومای جراحی لثه در خرگوش
علی رضایی آرش خاکی بابک مهدوی -
Open Access Article
5 - Histopathological evaluation of cyclosporin gel on full thickness skin transplantation (Allograft) in the rat
Mofidi, A., Jahandideh, A., Hesaraki, S. .Nowadays, it is used to skin graft in spread. Cyclosporine is one of the most use and effective immunosuppressive drugs that it has side effect and toxicities on CNS, kidney and liver. In this research is tried to investigation of 0.5% cyclosporine gel effectiveness on MoreNowadays, it is used to skin graft in spread. Cyclosporine is one of the most use and effective immunosuppressive drugs that it has side effect and toxicities on CNS, kidney and liver. In this research is tried to investigation of 0.5% cyclosporine gel effectiveness on allograft full thickness skin rejection in rat. In this experimental study is used to 45 wistar male adult rats as allograft recipient and 15 spiral hole (SD) male adult rats as allograft donor with age range between 14 to 15 week and mean weight: 200±10 gr. After general anesthesia, circles with 1.5 cm diameter containing epidermal and dermal layers had separated from SD donor rats with scalpel cutting and then these parts were grafted to shoulder center (midline) of wistar recipient rats. After transplantation, rats randomly divided to 3 groups with 15 rat (3groups of 5 each) (control, test and 0.5% cyclosporine gel) and then each of them was divided to 3 group with 5 rat (sampling groups in days: 3, 7 and 15). Any treatment is applied in control group. 10 mg/kg IP cyclosporine injected to test group, and in third group, 0.5% cyclosporine gel was applied in the graft place, daily. Then on days: 3, 7 and 15 after graft, it was done sampling from the graft location and applied histopathological studies on it. Then, Statistics data analyzed using kruskal wallis test with SPSS software. Investigations confirmed that cyclosporine gel using caused to significant reduce of vasculitis, folliculitis, dermatitis and dermal degeneration on 3 and 7 days after graft in comparison to control group (P<0.05) and single use of cyclosporine gel on day 15 after graft did not cause to skin graft rejection. By attention to this test challenges, cyclosporine gel has significant effects on Acceptance of skin grafts, but its single use did not cause to skin graft rejection. To more effect on skin graft acceptance can use to cyclosporine gel in combination with other immunosuppressive drugs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Effect of Gelatin/Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin Bioactive Edible Coating Containing Nanoemulsion of Nettle Essential Oil on the Shelf Life of Turkey Meat
M. Adeli Milani M. Ghobadi Dana B. Ghanbarzadeh A. Alizadeh P. Ghasemi AfsharIntroduction: is the evaluation of the effect of gelatin/Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin coating containing nanoemulsion of nettle (Urtica dioica L. ( on chemical, microbial and sensory properties of turkey meat during storage. Materials and Methods: Chemical composit MoreIntroduction: is the evaluation of the effect of gelatin/Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin coating containing nanoemulsion of nettle (Urtica dioica L. ( on chemical, microbial and sensory properties of turkey meat during storage. Materials and Methods: Chemical compositions of nettle essential oil were detected using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Samples of turkey meat coated with 1.5% (V/V) nanoemulsion of nettle, coated with gelatin/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPBC) containing nanoemulsion of nettle, packed in cellophane and without coating (Control) were stored at 4°C. Their physical and chemical (weight loss, total volatile basic nitrogen, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), microbial and sensory properties were evaluated at different intervals (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 days) of storage. Results: The results of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry showed the presence of effective compounds with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities especially Carvacrol (51.71%). According to the results, lower amounts of weight loss, total volatile basic nitrogen, mesophilic, psychrophilic bacteria, molds, and yeasts were observed in turkey meat samples treated with nanoemulsion of nettle essential oil in comparison to the control during storage (p˂0.05) and the highest sensory scores were gained. Conclusion: Application of gelatin/HPBC coating containing nanoemulsion of nettle essential oil had a desirable effect on the control of chemical and microbial spoilage, therefore it can be used for increasing the shelf life of turkey meat in the food industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Low Fat Cream Cheese Fortification Based on β-Cyclodextrin / Inulin Nano Emulsions with Vitamins E and D
M. Tahery T. MostaghimIntroduction: Food fortification is a way to compensate for the lack of micronutrients in society, which is used by all countries in the world to minimize or control the lack of essential nutrients. Meanwhile, the cream cheese is a suitable carrier for fortification due MoreIntroduction: Food fortification is a way to compensate for the lack of micronutrients in society, which is used by all countries in the world to minimize or control the lack of essential nutrients. Meanwhile, the cream cheese is a suitable carrier for fortification due to its wide range of uses. The aim of this study was to fortify the low-fat cream cheese based on β-cyclodextrin / inulin nano emulsions with vitamins D and E. Materials and Methods: Nano emulsions were prepared with 400, 450 and 500 units of vitamin E and 5, 10 and 15 micrograms per gram of vitamin D. Free radical scavenging tests (antioxidant activity), trapping rate, release rate and nano emulsions size were evaluated. The cream cheese tests consisted of the assessments regarding percent acidity, fat, moisture contents, textural properties (hardness, adhesion and elasticity) and peroxide index. Sensory characteristics (taste, texture, appearance, aroma and overall acceptance) were assessed by a 5-point Hedonic method. Results: The results showed that by increasing the use of these two vitamins, the morphological properties of nano emulsions changed and their size increased. Trapping rates ranged from 65 to 98% and release rates ranged from 61 to 84%. The results showed that during the storage period of the cheese in the time intervals of production days, fifteenth, thirtieth, forty-fifth and sixtieth day storage, the index of hardness, adhesion, acidity and peroxide number increased significantly (p≥0.05). Moisture content, elasticity index and sensory characteristics decreased significantly (p≥0.05). The fat content of treated cheese did not show significant differences with the control sample (p <0.05). Conclusion: Considering all physicochemical properties as well as the results of sensory evaluation, the treatment with 450 units of vitamin E and 5 micrograms per gram of vitamin D was selected as the optimal treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - The Effect of 1 – methy Cyclopropene and Nano Particles of Potassium Permanganat on Qualitive Characteristics and Storage Life of Two Apple Cultivars
Bahram Pashazadeh Seyyed mahdi Seyedin Ardabili Hassan Hajnajari Farrokh Shavakhi Gholam hassan AsadiIntroduction: Apple is one of the most important horticultural crop that storage and post-harvest problems attract the growing interest of researchers and industry’s authorities. In this study, the effect of 1 - methyl cyclopropene (1-MCP) and ethylene nano-absorb MoreIntroduction: Apple is one of the most important horticultural crop that storage and post-harvest problems attract the growing interest of researchers and industry’s authorities. In this study, the effect of 1 - methyl cyclopropene (1-MCP) and ethylene nano-absorbent (potassium permanganat) as a new combination, effective and low cast treatment on the durability of apple and its storage was investigated.Materials and Methods: Two commercial apple cultivars, Wealthy and the native Dirras-e Mashhad, present in National Horticultural Research Station, kamalshahr-karaj were selected. The samples were harvested according to the starch index (2-2.5) and were pre-cooled for 24 hours and then treated with 1 ppm concentration of 1-methyl cyclopropene by spraying in an impenetrable atmosphere and maintained for 8 hours at room temperature and finally transferred into the cold room. Ethylene treatment was performed by placing the nano absorbent packets of 5 gr within the cardboard containers together with the non treated fruits as control. The samples were stored at 0.5 °C and 90% of relative humidity. Series of tests consisting of fruit weight, flesh firmness, ascorbic acid concentration, total soluble solids (TSS), titrable acidity (TA) and pH measurement were carried out on the sampls once a month in triplicate order. Sensory evaluations were carried out at the end of five months of storage period, comparing the treated samples of both cultivars with the control. The experiment was organized as completely randomized design and the collected data were analyzed by SAS software.Results: weight loss and flesh firmness in both experimental samples demonstrated less reduction as compared to the control the use of 1-MCP affected TSS, pH and TA significantly (p<0.05) and inhibited the rise pH and reduced also acidity TA during storage, while no significant effect (p>0/05) was noted by the use of nano-absorbent. The native 'Dirras-e Mashhad' showed higher pH value than 'Wealthy' under the combination of ENA and 1-MCP.Conclusion: The results showed that this technique can increase most characteristics of apples duringthe storage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The Effects of 1-Methyl Cyclopropene on the Physicochemical Properties of Tomato (Rapsona Cultivar)
سمیه سادات Mehrzad علی Mohamadi SaniIntroduction: Tomato is an important economical vegetable crop in Iran. Approximately30% of the crop is lost during the harvest to consumption chain. The high generation ofethylene production in tomato is the main reason. In this study we investigate and evaluate theeff MoreIntroduction: Tomato is an important economical vegetable crop in Iran. Approximately30% of the crop is lost during the harvest to consumption chain. The high generation ofethylene production in tomato is the main reason. In this study we investigate and evaluate theeffect of different concentrations of MCP on the physicochemical properties of this popularvegetable product.Materials and Methods: The Respona cultivator was selected from a farm in the city ofAsadabad. Tomatoes were collected at the point of colour change. Tomatoes were treated with1-MCP at different concentrations (0.35, 0.70, 1.00 and 1.35 ) for the period of 12 and 24hours and during storage for 4 weeks at 12± 2 with relative humidity of 85-90% wereexamined for total soluble solid, total acidity, colour and ethylene concentration. Thisexamination was carried out in a completely randomized design in triplicate order. Thestatistical analyses were carried out using SPSS software.Results: The results indicated that 1-MCP had significant effect (p<0.05) on the total solublesolid percent, acidity, colour and ethylene concentration. 1-MCP solution at concentrations of1.0 and 1.351l/l had the highest effect in the prevention of increased Brix of tomatoes.Ethylene concentration was decreased for all the samples as compared to the control andreductions were proportional to the increased concentrations of 1-MCP. 1-MCP also causeddecreases in the acidity and colour.Conclusion: The results showed the significant effect of MCP (p<0.05) on the soluble solids,acidity, color and accumulation of ethylene concentration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Improving efficiency of a gas cyclone in high-temperature operating conditions by using appropriate geometry of vortex finder
Akbar Jafarnezhad Hesamoddin SALARIAN Saeid Kheradmand Jahanfar KhaleghiniaBackground and Objective: Cyclones are widely used in air pollution control to separate particulate gas mixtures and are used in industry. The advantages of this device in different industries are its relative simplicity of construction, low operating cost and reliable MoreBackground and Objective: Cyclones are widely used in air pollution control to separate particulate gas mixtures and are used in industry. The advantages of this device in different industries are its relative simplicity of construction, low operating cost and reliable under extreme working conditions. Today, cyclone separators have become one of the most important particle removal devices in the fields of science and engineering. Due to the wide application of cyclones in industrial processes, especially thermal power plants, the study of the performance of cyclones at high temperatures is of particular importance. In the present study, two-phase flow simulation within a cyclone will be performed in three different dimensions using the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach in order to study the cyclone performance in a wide range of temperatures, and finally the problem of its lower performance will be substantially resolved by using appropriate geometry of vortex finder. Material and Methodology: In this study, the effect of inlet temperature on the flow field and the separation performance of a cyclone has been comprehensively investigated using CFD simulation. The Euler-Lagrangian approach has been used to simulate airflow and particle dynamics in cyclones. In addition, four proposed vortex finder geometries were considered and compared with the basic geometry in order to evaluate how the vortex finder affects the cyclone performance under a wide temperature range (293 K-700 K). The validity of the numerical model is confirmed by comparing the predicted pressure drop with the experimental data and numerical results in which there is a good agreement was achieved. Findings: The results demonstrated that increasing of inlet temperature significantly reduced the tangential velocity and led to a sharp decrease in the cyclone separation efficiency. All of the proposed vortex finders affected the flow pattern within the cyclone at all inlet temperatures. The simulation results showed that the highest tangential velocity observed in the cyclone was with CVF 1, which also had a positive effect on the relevant separation efficiency. Also, it is proved that the proposed cyclone with CVF 1 was able to collect finer particles (2 μm) at high inlet temperature (T = 700 K). Discussion and Conclusion: In the present study, while examining the performance of cyclone using the Eulerian-Lagrangian approach in three dimensions over a wide temperature range, a suitable solution to improve efficiency and solve the problem of efficiency drop at high temperatures was presented. By properly changing the dimensions and geometry of the vortex finder, the flow in the pre-separation zone can be well controlled to improve particle separation efficiency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Simulation of a combined cycle power plant site with the aim of absorbing carbon dioxide and reducing environmental hazards
ali ebadi alireza saraei hamid mohsenimonfared saeed jafari mehrabadiBackground and objective: CO2 originating from the combustion of fossil fuels will cause the greenhouse effect. Therefore, it is necessary to control it in production cycles, which are one of the most important factors of CO2 emission. In this research, by simulating th MoreBackground and objective: CO2 originating from the combustion of fossil fuels will cause the greenhouse effect. Therefore, it is necessary to control it in production cycles, which are one of the most important factors of CO2 emission. In this research, by simulating the newly invented Allam cycle and creating a hybrid cycle based on Allam, CO2 produced in the Allam cycle is used as the working fluid, and in addition to reducing pollution, waste energy in the Allam cycle is used as an energy supplier. Two cycles of medium temperature and low temperature will be used. Reducing energy loss by creating a new foundation combined cycle will lead to an increase in the LHV efficiency of the power plant and as a result reduce global warming and environmental hazards. Material and Methodology: Using Thermoflow software, the Allam cycle, organic Rankine and also Steam cycle was simulated. Then the mentioned cycles were combined to reduce energy loss and the results were analyzed by Thermoflow and Excel software. Findings: The simulated combined cycle increased LHV by 0.5% Compared with the Allam cycle. considering the energy loss by the components in the Allam cycle, and then creating a combined cycle, the LHV will increase by 0.98%. Discussion and Conclusion: The creation of the combined cycle led to the reduction of energy loss in the system. CO2 produced in the power plant is contained in the system also by examining the environmental conditions of the power plant and increasing the pressure to 1.127 bar, relative humidity of 0.1, and temperature of zero degrees, it will increase the LHV efficiency of the power plant. Increasing power plant efficiency, reducing energy loss and CO2 absorption will all lead to a reduction in global warming and environmental protection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Studying the effect of beta-cyclodextrin natural polymer for improving dyeing condition and reduction of environmental pollution
akhtar mousavi ahmad akbari seyed kazem mousaviBackground and Objective: environmental and economic limitations that are imposed dramatically on textile and dyeing industry leads to the development of environmentally friendly processes for modifying the properties of fibers and improving the existing traditional pro MoreBackground and Objective: environmental and economic limitations that are imposed dramatically on textile and dyeing industry leads to the development of environmentally friendly processes for modifying the properties of fibers and improving the existing traditional processes. Many efforts have been done for decreasing costs and disposed contaminants which one of them is using natural polymers. The purpose of this study is applying beta-cyclodextrin natural polymer as an appropriate alternative with favorable environmental effects for other chemical additives in dyeing. Material and Methodology: In this study, wool fiber amended/treated by β-Cyclodextrin biocompatible polymer and its dyeing features such as the effect of β-Cyclodextrin composition (%20-0/5), dyeing pH (3-7) and density of the dye (%5-75) on the dyeing capabilities of wool with madder dye color was evaluated and compared. And finally, physical changes of crude fiber and amended fiber after dyeing was amended/treated using SEM analysis. Findings: According to the results, as the β-Cyclodextrin amount increased, the color strength of the samples are considerably enhanced and dye ability (K/S) is better in the case of modified wool rather than aluminium-mordanted wool and pristine wool. Besides, exhaustion of modified wool in neutral pH rather than acidic pH has been increased dramatically while no appreciable changes was observed in pristine wool dye ability with pH changes. Color strength (K/S) data were in the following order of the β-Cyclodextrin modified wool>. Discussion and Conclusions: In general, according to the conditions of modifying wool with β-Cyclodextrin biocompatible polymer and changes in dyeing conditions, not only removing chemical compounds from the wastewater of textile industrial can beapplied, but also the amount of consumed dye and unabsorbed dye remaining in wastewater can be reduced which is environmentally very important. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Site selection for a combined-cycle power plant using Fuzzy AHP and OWA method (Case study: Qazvin Province)
Somayeh Alizadeh Fatemeh Sadat Alavipoor Saeed Karimi Jabar KhalediAbstract Background and Objective: Considering the effects of power plants locations on society, economy and environment, it is important to choose a suitable site for this facility. In order to find a suitable location for the construction of combined-cycle power plant MoreAbstract Background and Objective: Considering the effects of power plants locations on society, economy and environment, it is important to choose a suitable site for this facility. In order to find a suitable location for the construction of combined-cycle power plant, GIS can effectively provide a combination of the required information for site selection. This study aims to identify the most important factors in determining the appropriate place for the construction of combined-cycle power plants. The role and influence of each factor (distance from access roads, altitude, slope of the land, distance from the earthquake-prone areas, distance from surface water resources and distance of the fault lines) are also determined. Method: Using fuzzy membership functions, the standardized criteria maps were created in GIS based on the nature and role of these factors in the site selection. First, it was necessary to multiply these layers to their weights based on their priorities for combination of the criteria. Fuzzy AHP was used for this purpose. Finally, Ordered Weighted Averaging was used to overlay and combine the layers. Findings: The results indicate that the northwestern part of Qazvin province is inappropriate for the intended purpose and eastern and southeast parts of the study area are forecasted. Discussion and Conclusion: Since the risk level of making decision is controlled at high, low or intermediate in combination of the layers by this method, the application of the results of this method will be acceptable, making decisions based on this method will have less uncertainty and the results of this method can be used with more confidence. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Techno-Economic Evaluation of Energy Recovery Systems in Kerman Power Plant Considering Air Pollution Reduction
Mohamad Javad Jafari Faride Atabi Zahra Abedi Reza MalekiOver the past 6 years, the country’s energy production has increased as much as 8.29% per year on the average. At the present time, power plants play a major role in the production of greenhouse gases and the optimization of the systems of the newly-constructed po MoreOver the past 6 years, the country’s energy production has increased as much as 8.29% per year on the average. At the present time, power plants play a major role in the production of greenhouse gases and the optimization of the systems of the newly-constructed power plants is one of the country’s main environmental challenges. Therefore, the assessment of the construction of energy recovery systems aiming at increasing the efficiency of gas power plants with little pollution can be a great help to the environment. In this study, a techno-economic evaluation of energy recovery systems has been done in Kerman power plant considering air pollution reduction. Fortunately, the potentials for the construction of combined cycle power plants exist in the country. Since such power plants save the fuel and increase the efficiency, they can reduce contaminating gases. The application of energy recovery systems in gas power plants is quite economical and their pay-back rate is 9-10 years. The results of the present study show that with these plants, 152 million liters of gas-oil and 58.3 billion cubic meters of natural gas will be saved over a period of 30 years. As a result, 1.652 million tons of greenhouse gases will be reduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
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مجید شفیع پور مطلق حمیدرضا کمالان -
Open Access Article
16 - 5
ثریا جواهریان محمود شریعت حسنعلی لقایی -
Open Access Article
17 - Comparative Study of Efficiency using of Cyclone, Spray Scrubber and integrated system of cyclone- spray scrubber to collect Silica Particles in stone Crushing Workshops
Mohsen Aliabadi Abdorrahman Bahrami Farideh Golbabae Farshid GhorbaniThe purpose of this research is efficiency determination of conventional cyclone with spray scrubber for removal of silica in stone crushing factories in Azaandarian area at Hamadan state. The iso-kinetic sampling of total dust was obtained down stream and upstream of c MoreThe purpose of this research is efficiency determination of conventional cyclone with spray scrubber for removal of silica in stone crushing factories in Azaandarian area at Hamadan state. The iso-kinetic sampling of total dust was obtained down stream and upstream of cyclone and scrubber in exhaust ventilation system base on EPA method No 5. The mass of all samples collected was determined by gravimetrically method. Also sampling of dust base of size distribution was performed by using of cascade centripetal. The results of this study showed that using traditional cyclone with scrubber has significant efficiency to remove particles from the Local exhaust ventilation (LEV) system. The mean of outlet concentration from stack in stone crushing type 1 (rate of free silica more than 95%), was 43-131 mgm-3 and in stone crushing type2 (rate of free silica more than 85%), was 64-12.7 mgm-3 that is less than standard permissible limit recommended by Iran Environmental protection Agency. The efficiency of cyclone to treat dust particles from LEV system was 80-97 percent and increases to 92-99 percent when cyclone with spray scrubber was used and therefore this integrated system is the most efficient for collecting silica dust emission in the air of factories. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Financial Marketing
Fraydoon Rahnamy Roodposhti Mansour FeizollahzadehFinancial marketing is finance science in market making as interaction between finance and marketing. The goal that, developing in investment and finance knowledge the goal of this paper is presenting new paradigm. Research finding show that first, presenting new patter MoreFinancial marketing is finance science in market making as interaction between finance and marketing. The goal that, developing in investment and finance knowledge the goal of this paper is presenting new paradigm. Research finding show that first, presenting new pattern as entitle financial marketing mix (FMM). Second, based on this pattern, can definition suitable strategy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - اثر 24- اپی براسینولید و اسید جاسمونیک بر شاخص‌های رشد و گلدهی سیکلامن (Cyclamen Persicum)
الهام دانائی پیمان انگورج -
Open Access Article
20 - QSAR studies, docking and molecular dynamics simulation of a number of heterocyclic compounds including nitrogen oxide as new anti-tuberculosis agents
Ghasem Ghasemi Babak Motahary Robabe SayadikordAbadiObjectiv: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is agent of tuberculosis. A series of novel N‑Oxide-Containing Heterocycles have been reported as selective Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibitors. QSAR, Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation studies were investigated.Mate MoreObjectiv: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is agent of tuberculosis. A series of novel N‑Oxide-Containing Heterocycles have been reported as selective Mycobacterium tuberculosis inhibitors. QSAR, Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation studies were investigated.Materials and Methods: Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA), Partial least squares (PLS), Principle Component Regression (PCR), Least Absolute Shrinkage, Selection Operator (LASSO), and Monte-Carlo simulation were used to create QSAR models. The molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were carried out on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strain H37Rv (PDB: 4XGQ).Findings: Atomic masses, atomic sanderson electronegativities, Ghose–Viswanadhan-Wendoloski antiinfective-like index and Ghose –Viswanadhan-Wendoloski hyptonic-like index were important in our study. The SMILES files have been used with coralsea software. The root-mean square errors of the training set, and the test set for ICA model, were 0.2970, 0.1395 respectively. The results of the Monte-Carlo method were the following: n=7, R²=0.9931, Q²=0.9857, MAE=0.039 (Training set); n=6, R²=0.9413, Q²=0.9107, MAE=0.367 (Test set).Conclusion: Molecules 10 and 11 were presented as the most stable ones that may be introduced for further investigations, including clinical experiments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Low-offset and high-gain up-amp design in analog to digital cyclic converter Twelve bits for CMOS image sensor
Asghar Ebrahimi Mina ShiraliIn this paper, an analog-to-digital twelve-bit cyclic converter with high speed and accuracy and yet low power is proposed. Requires a wide dynamic range and high speed and high accuracy, which is suggested in this article. Finally, this circuit was simulated with HSPIC MoreIn this paper, an analog-to-digital twelve-bit cyclic converter with high speed and accuracy and yet low power is proposed. Requires a wide dynamic range and high speed and high accuracy, which is suggested in this article. Finally, this circuit was simulated with HSPICE software and acceptable results were obtained. This circuit requires a voltage of 3.3 and in The technology is 0.35. The power consumption is 11 mW and the SFDR is 66 dB and the THD is 2 - and the SNDR is 40 dB. Shooting for different setting conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from leaf and flower of Ferula persica Willd.var. Persica By using spectroscopic manner GC and GC-MS
Jafar Izadi NiaAbstract: In this investigation the essential oil from leaf and flower of Ferula persica wild garmsar province semnan obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by spectroscopic manner gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled whit mass spectroscopy. In the esse MoreAbstract: In this investigation the essential oil from leaf and flower of Ferula persica wild garmsar province semnan obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by spectroscopic manner gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled whit mass spectroscopy. In the essential oil of leaf 31(%94.4 of total essential oil) compound recognized that %72.3 were monoterpene And %17.3 were Sesquiterpene. a-pinene(%19.7), ß-pinene(%8.3), Menthol(%8.3) and Myrcene(%6.8) were the main component in the essential oil obtained from leaf oil of plant. In the essential oil of flower of plant 12 (%90.2 of total essential oil) compound recognized that %58.8 were monoterpene And %31.4 were Sesquiterpene. a-pinene(%22.6), Bicyclogermacrene(%17), ß-phellandrene(%16.8), Spathulenol(%8.4) and Myrcene(%7.5) were the main component in the essential oil obtained from flower of plant. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - One-Pot Synthesis of Some Heterocyclic Organic Compounds by Magnetic Nanoparticles and its Application in Electrosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles
Seyed Hashem AkhlaghiHeterocyclic compounds are a subset of cyclic compounds inwhich the ring-forming atoms are composed of two or more different typesof atoms. Heterocyclic chemistry is an important part of organic chemistrythat studies the properties, production methods, and reactions ofh MoreHeterocyclic compounds are a subset of cyclic compounds inwhich the ring-forming atoms are composed of two or more different typesof atoms. Heterocyclic chemistry is an important part of organic chemistrythat studies the properties, production methods, and reactions ofheterocyclic compounds. Among the heterocyclic compounds, pirans areone of the most important and valuable categories of heterocycles that havemany applications in medicine and therapy. In this project, we intend tosynthesize three of the Pirans derivatives under temperature and refluxconditions. The purpose of synthesizing these derivatives is theimmobilization of Ag nanoparticle, with uniform distribution, on thesurface of glassy carbon electrode such that the electrocatalytic current ofAg nanoparticle be constant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Dispersive solid-phase extraction for preconcentration of Amlodipine in aqueous samples using Fe3O4@MWCNT- β cyclodextrin composite
ali moghimi Mostafa Shojai Milad AbnikiIn this reasearch, innovative techniques to exploit small amount of Amlodipine in solid phase in water sample through Multi Wall Nanotube- NH2 its measurements by visible spectrophotometry and ultra violet in biological samples has been used. These techniques are di pha MoreIn this reasearch, innovative techniques to exploit small amount of Amlodipine in solid phase in water sample through Multi Wall Nanotube- NH2 its measurements by visible spectrophotometry and ultra violet in biological samples has been used. These techniques are di phasic system, which donor phases are watery samples and recipient phase is Fe3O4@MWCNT- β cyclodextrin. The experiments have been performed in two extraction stages of Amlodipine watery samples desorption by using Ammonia solvent and desorption samples were put to spectrophotometry device UV-Vis for analysis. This is quick and easy method and is consistent with many of available instrumental techniques. Exploitation parameters such as, desorption organic solvent, donor and recipient pH, extraction time, desorption time, stirring time, donor phase volume and surfactant effect were optimized and quantitative evaluation and measurements were performed in optimal conditions. The mentioned techniques have many advantages such as: short extraction time, consumption of organic solvent, deleting previous experiments effect, low diagnosis level and high-condensed factors and diagnosis level for Amlodipine are 14.5 - (LOD) 7.5 µgL-1 respectively. Linear range.0.02-7.9 mgL-1 and rational standard deviation for Amlodipine were % 1.9 and R2=0.9989. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Synthesis and characterization of carboxymethyl cellulose/ starch modified magnetic nanoparticles for in vitro release studies of an antiviral drug, acyclovir
A. Taavoni-Gilan -
Open Access Article
26 - Interaction of Odontobuthus doriae Scorpion Venom and Cyclosporine on Levels of Liver Enzymes ALT, AST and Liver Histology in Mice
Malihe Moshiri Abdolhossein Shiravi Shahrokh Navidpour Hossein Zolfagharian Mohammad EslampanahInroduction & Objective: Scorpion venom sometimes causes the production of pro inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-2, as a mediator of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. On the other hand, cyclosporine has cytokine inhibitory properties, especial MoreInroduction & Objective: Scorpion venom sometimes causes the production of pro inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-2, as a mediator of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. On the other hand, cyclosporine has cytokine inhibitory properties, especially interleukin-2. The aim of this study was to evaluate and identify the drug intervention to control and treat histopathological liver tissue failure caused by the harmful mechanisms of scorpion sting inflammation by injection of cyclosporine and Odontobuthus doriae scorpion venom.Material and Method: This study was performed in Razi Serum and Vaccine Institute of Karaj and in this study male mice in 5 groups of 10; The first group of normal saline, The second group has only one sub-lethal dose of venom and groups 3, 4 and 5 in addition to one sub-lethal dose of venom, Cyclosporine was given at doses of 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg/day, respectively. Serum levels of interleukin-2, Alanine aminotransferase, Aspartate aminotransferase and liver tissue changes were determined by sampling liver tissue.Results: Venom injection significantly increased the serum levels of interleukin-2 (P <0.05), Alanine aminotransferase, Aspartate aminotransferase and treatment with cyclosporine showed a significant decrease in the serum levels of interleukin-2 (P <0.05) and Alanine aminotransferase, Aspartate aminotransferase. Histological studies showed improvement in edema, hemorrhage, and hepatic hyperemia in the groups after cyclosporine injection compared with the venom groupConclusion: Cyclosporine treatment significantly reduces the effects of scorpion venom on interleukin-2 levels, as well as the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and liver tissue injury. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Study on the fungicidal effects of WELGRO® Cu+Zn in controlling rice blast disease under field condition
Hadis Shahbazi Freydoun Padash dehkaei Faramarz Alinia Seyedeh Akram Mousavi Qaleh RoudkhaniRice blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae Cavara is considered the most damaging disease of native rice cultivars in the north of Iran, so its chemical management has a special priority. In this study, the efficacy of 0.5, 1, and 2 kg/ha of WELGRO® (34.5% Copp MoreRice blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae Cavara is considered the most damaging disease of native rice cultivars in the north of Iran, so its chemical management has a special priority. In this study, the efficacy of 0.5, 1, and 2 kg/ha of WELGRO® (34.5% Copper and 37.3% Zinc) in controlling rice blast disease in comparison with 0.5 kg/ha of Tricyclazole (75% WP) were evaluated in field conditions in a randomized complete block design with four replications, in Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh and Rasht. For this purpose, Hashemi seedlings were transplanted at a distance of 20×20 cm in the 4×5 m plots. Treatments were applied at the first appearance of disease symptoms in the region for leaf blast and after heading for panicle blast. In the control treatments, water was sprayed. Leaf and panicle blast disease percentages were assessed seven days after the first spraying and one week before harvest, respectively. The results showed that the concentration of 2 kg/ha of WELGRO® compared to the control not only reduced leaf, node, neck, and panicle blast disease, 25.77, 24.22, 38.44, and 8.41% in Rasht and 58.70, 29.05, 43.11, and 43.15% in Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh, respectively, but also its efficacy in controlling blast disease and its yield and yield components was very close to that of Ticyclazole. It should be noted that the results of the present study were obtained in a situation where the severity of the blast disease in the experimental field was not in an outbreak state. If the disease is in epidemic conditions, not only the use of 2 kg/ha WELGRO®, but also the 0.5 kg/ha tricyclazole is not efficient for blast disease control. If a rice blast epidemic is not predicted, the use of WELGRO® in rotation with other fungicides can control the disease, delay fungicide resistance, and also it can be used in organic rice production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Extraction of trigonelline from plasma using a new magnetic composite through the application of experimental design
mahdieh Abbasi meymand maryam kazemipour mehdi ansari dogahe Mehdi shahidizandiBentonite-β-cyclodextrin-iron nanoparticles (Ben-βCD-INP) composite was synthesized,characterized, and utilized like an innovative magnetic solid-phase extraction ( MSPE) adsorbent to separate and preconcentrate trigonelline . Experiment conditions to find imp MoreBentonite-β-cyclodextrin-iron nanoparticles (Ben-βCD-INP) composite was synthesized,characterized, and utilized like an innovative magnetic solid-phase extraction ( MSPE) adsorbent to separate and preconcentrate trigonelline . Experiment conditions to find important variables of trigonelline adsorption on the Ben-βCD-INP were A: time, B: Adsorbent amount, C: pH and for desorption were A: temperature, B: concentration, C: time, and D: Volume .. The adsorbent contributes significantly in the extraction process. The INP in the nano composite makes it easy to remove the adsorbent with the help of a magnet. Scanning electron microscopy( SEM ), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the synthesized adsorbent. Experimental design was used to optimize the factors affecting extraction. trigonelline in plasma samples was extracted and evaluated by a reversed-phase HPLC–UV method. The findings have shown that MSPE was able to extract trigonelline efficiently. The developed HPLC–UV procedure for the determination of trigonelline in human plasma, showed linear relation shipin the concentration interval of 0.05-10 mg/L (r = 0. 9998) with the limit of detection (LOD), the limit of quantitation (LOQ) and recovery (%) of 0.005, 0.018 mg/L, and 114%, respectively. The procedure was successfully used to determine the concentration of trigonelline in human plasma. This study offers a promising hybrid nano bio material adsorbent in biomedical nanotechnology to selective measurement of the drug or supplements such as trigonelline from plasma. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Effect of Magnetic Water Consumption with A Solar Magnetizer Water in Different Tillage and Irrigation Methods on Corn Yield in South of Kerman
Aminreza Jamshidi Mahdi Mozaffari LeghaThis study، in order to provide a suitable tillage method, more accurately estimate the water consumption of this crop per hectare, provide methods of water use efficiency with two types of ordinary water and magnetic. A split factorial experiment was conducted in a ran MoreThis study، in order to provide a suitable tillage method, more accurately estimate the water consumption of this crop per hectare, provide methods of water use efficiency with two types of ordinary water and magnetic. A split factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in Jiroft city. The main treatment consisted of tillage method (Cyclotiller, Rotivator) and sub-treatments including two types of irrigation water (normal and magnetic) and two irrigation methods (Leakage, Linear drips) were selected. An innovative solar magnetic water device was used to irrigate the design. The effect of magnetic water on the type of irrigation showed very good and significant results at the level of 5%. The results showed that irrigation with magnetic water had a stimulating effect on the initial growth parameters of the plant, the coefficient of germination rate and germination percentage increased by 10 and 21%, respectively, compared to the control treatment. The highest 1000-seed weight with an average of 329.833 g was related to drip irrigation and the lowest value was related to leak irrigation treatment with an average of 327 g. Also, the use of cyclotiller and magnetic water in drip irrigation had a 22% increase in yield compared to the control treatment, so that the highest yield with 8800 kg/ha was related to tillage with cyclotiller and irrigation with magnetic water in drip irrigation system, Compared to other treatments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Preparation of cyclodextrin functionalized graphene nanosheets and its application in electrochemical determination of imipramine
Hossein Dastyar Elham Tavana Farshid Fasihi Seyed Esmaeil Moradi Fatemeh FarjamiIn the present study, a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with cyclodextrin graphene organic-inorganic hybrid nanosheets (CD-GNs) was prepared and applied for the sensitive electrochemical determination of imipramine (IMP). The surface morphology of the proposed el MoreIn the present study, a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with cyclodextrin graphene organic-inorganic hybrid nanosheets (CD-GNs) was prepared and applied for the sensitive electrochemical determination of imipramine (IMP). The surface morphology of the proposed electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Electrochemical results clearly demonstrated that CD-GNs organic-inorganic hybrid nanosheets could exhibit very high supramolecular recognition and enrichment capability. The effect of experimental conditions such as pH and scan rate were also investigated. Using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), the modified electrode was applied for the sensitive determination of IMP in the range of 0.24-25 µM at pH 7.0. The limit of detection (S/N=3) was 47 nM. The RSD was obtained 1.75% which demonstrated the good repeatability of the fabricated electrode for IMP determination. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was also used to attain information about the oxidation mechanism and calculating kinetic parameters. The proposed nanocomposite electrode exhibits good applicability for monitoring IMP in pharmaceutical formulations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - A brief review on the chemistry of host types in host-guest interactions
Abdulhamid Dehghani Milad Ghezelsofloo Leila MoradiHost-guest nanochemistry is a branch of supramolecular chemistry in which a so-called host molecule binds to a guest molecule or ion. Host-guest interactions involve two molecules or substances that can form complexes through unique structural relationships and non-cova MoreHost-guest nanochemistry is a branch of supramolecular chemistry in which a so-called host molecule binds to a guest molecule or ion. Host-guest interactions involve two molecules or substances that can form complexes through unique structural relationships and non-covalent bonding. Also called molecular recognition, this type of interaction is widely found in biological recognition processes, such as enzyme-inhibitor and antigen-antibody interactions. Host-guest molecular recognition provides a powerful approach to construct a dynamic interface that allows the resulting assemblies to be structurally manipulated in size and shape. Thus, it opens a path to construct smart supramolecular systems with multilevel reactivity. Host-guest nanochemistry incorporates the idea of molecular recognition and interactions through non-covalent bonding. Noncovalent bonding is critical in maintaining the three-dimensional structure of large molecules such as proteins and is involved in many biological processes in which large molecules are specifically but transiently bound together. Host-guest interactions have attracted considerable attention since their discovery, as many biological processes require host-guest interactions and can be useful in some material designs. In this article, the host-guest molecules and some of their applications are briefly introduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - A review on the application of multi-component reactions in the synthesis of pharmaceutical heterocyclics
Samira Arab-SalmanabadiMost of the chemical drugs that have been used recently have been designed, identified, and manufactured by organic-pharmacological chemists through various chemical reactions. Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) as an evolving process have played an effective role in the s MoreMost of the chemical drugs that have been used recently have been designed, identified, and manufactured by organic-pharmacological chemists through various chemical reactions. Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) as an evolving process have played an effective role in the synthesis of various drug compounds and the production of various molecules and heterocycles. The chances of producing new drugs increase through different methods of synthesis and study of the biological properties of synthetic derivatives. In recent years, the synthesis of new drugs and the study of various variables to optimize the production process of various chemical compounds with diverse functional groups, which can be the source of various biological activities, has been a very significant topic in the field of organic-medicinal chemistry. So far, extensive research has been conducted on the synthesis of new heterocycles with the aim of drug studies. In this review article, an attempt has been made to compile and present a set of researches in the field of design and synthesis of heterocycles with medicinal properties, focusing on the use of multi-component reactions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Using Lucas Experimental Method to Investigate the Relationship between Exchange Rate Overshooting and Business Cycles in Iran
Farzad Moayeri Mohsen Zayandeh Rood Seed Abdolmajid Jalaei Esfandabadi Hossien Mehrabi BasharabadiExchange rate shocks due to increased risk and uncertainty of production are concerned as a leader variable in creating economic instability in the country. The proof of this can help to adopt economic policies. During 1989 -2013, this has repeatedly been met with Excha MoreExchange rate shocks due to increased risk and uncertainty of production are concerned as a leader variable in creating economic instability in the country. The proof of this can help to adopt economic policies. During 1989 -2013, this has repeatedly been met with Exchange rate overshooting. This article attempts to answer this question that the exchange rate overshooting plays a key role as a leading variable in business cycles in Iran economy. In this regard, using Hodrick-Prescott filtering method, trends, and exchange rate shocks and economic cycles in 1989 -2013 calculated. Then, four complete cycles of currency (peak-peak) were identified. Next, applying Lucas experimental method, the relationship between Log of GDP shock and the exchange rate cycles was investigated at the time of each four cycles. The results showed that exchange rate shocks played as a leading variable in all periods Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - Thechnical-economic evaluation of a Kalina cycle single phase geothermal power plant
Sadegh Hatamipoor Navid Bozorgan Nadia Jalalifar -
Open Access Article
35 - Comparing the organic Rankine and Kalina cycles to use the waste energy of the cascade refrigeration cycle to reduce power consumption
Mohsen Mahdavi Adeli Seyed Omidreza MousaviIn this article, a new integrated system is presented to prevent energy loss and reduce power consumption. In this system, the cascade refrigeration cycle (cooling production cycle), organic Rankine cycle (power production cycle), and Kalina cycle (power production cycl MoreIn this article, a new integrated system is presented to prevent energy loss and reduce power consumption. In this system, the cascade refrigeration cycle (cooling production cycle), organic Rankine cycle (power production cycle), and Kalina cycle (power production cycle) are used. The cascade refrigeration cycle is combined with the mentioned power generation cycles employing a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger has the role of a condenser for the cascade refrigeration cycle and the role of an evaporator for the power generation cycles. After producing cooling at a low temperature (-45°C) by the cascade refrigeration cycle, the generated heat in the cascade refrigeration cycle is utilized in the evaporator of the organic Rankine or Kalina cycles to produce the required steam instead of being wasted. The results showed that by using the organic Rankine and Kalina cycles, the power consumption of the cascade refrigeration cycle is reduced by 20.13 % and 14.06 %, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Heavy minerals are the best key for studying minerals and mineralization at Sirjan desert
Majid SalajegheMost of Iran is mountainous and unachievable. In fact, by studying plains and heavy minerals in them, we canfind mineralization, mineralogy and petrology of the regions surrounding it, easily. In order to the recognitionriver deposit that they were accounted as an impor MoreMost of Iran is mountainous and unachievable. In fact, by studying plains and heavy minerals in them, we canfind mineralization, mineralogy and petrology of the regions surrounding it, easily. In order to the recognitionriver deposit that they were accounted as an important economical resources. The most important goals of thesestudies are discovering diamond from metamorphic sources, gold from igneous sources in placers and iron,copper and titan in placers and its surroundings altitudes. In addition to desert studies, geology and region maps,there are basic methods in this procedure which are including sampling in proper seasons, samples' preparation,heavy mineral tests with liquids with special gravity (bromoforum), hydro cyclone studies spectrography testsand XRD that matching them with altitudes giving us the best results. Sirjan placers are accounted as the modelsfor this study, since the altitudes of Sirjan including Orumieh Dokhtar eocene volcanic and Sanandadj sirjanmetamorphic rocks in which the coloured mélange with the width of 15 k.m. Since in most samples G, gold, asPts (gram per 1000) was found. The possibility of gold sources in placers and its altitudes was large and byconsidering the existence of rutile and sphene in most samples for exploiting titan from placers, the formalexplorations were essential since most samples contain titan having abundant iron. The existence of sources fromtitan – magnetic in altitudes, also the existence of copper minerals with high carat in samples, though does notconsider the existence of placer sources from iron and copper as an economical, but consider the possibility ofthese sources in the altitudes. Uranium, gold and Hg ,Ti,Zr deposits found at sirjan placers are economical andFe,cu mines are existence in altitudes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Efficacy of the stabilizers of Talaromyces flavus in biological control of sugar beet seedling damping-off disease
Sheedeh Mehraban Booshehri Laleh Naraghi Mohammad TorabiIn the present study, first the superior bioformulations for Talaromyces flavus,containging some chemical stabilizers were determined by measuring the presentage of active spores in bioformulations and then their efficacy in biological control of sugar beet seedli MoreIn the present study, first the superior bioformulations for Talaromyces flavus,containging some chemical stabilizers were determined by measuring the presentage of active spores in bioformulations and then their efficacy in biological control of sugar beet seedling damping-off was investigated in greenhouse. An experiment was performed in split plot based on randomized complete block design with four replications in greenhouse. Three inoculum application methods (soil treatment, seed treatment and combination of both methods) were considered as the main factor and eight different inoculum formulations including six superior bioformulations Dicycloserin-TF-Su-K-1,Dicycloserin-TF-Su-K-2,Dicycloserin-TF-Su-K-3, Carboxymethilcellolose-TF-Su-K-2, Sulfate magnesium-TF-Su-K-3 and Nitratesodium-TF-Su-K-2. together with two control treatments (healthy and infected checks) were considered as the sub-factor.The results indicated that the most effective treatments for biological control of sugar beet damping-off were Dicycloserin stabilizer and isolate TF-Su-K-3, separetely. Results of the interaction effects of inoculum application method and inoculum showed that the treatment of Dicycloserin-TF-Su-K-2 applied as soil treatment or as combination of soil and seed treatment resulted in less disease occurrance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Evaluation of absorption refrigeration cycle with ionic liquids and R134a refrigrant
Hossein sakhaeinia Shahaboddin DanialiIonic liquids are nonvolatile, non-toxic and non-flammable liquids with high thermal and chemical stability. Therefore they are suggested as a solvent in absorption refrigeration cycle. For modeling of cycle operating should be specified thermodynamics properties. One t MoreIonic liquids are nonvolatile, non-toxic and non-flammable liquids with high thermal and chemical stability. Therefore they are suggested as a solvent in absorption refrigeration cycle. For modeling of cycle operating should be specified thermodynamics properties. One thermodynamics model is used for one effect absorption refrigeration cycle. Thermodynamics properties of refrigerant-solvent mixture are modeled by equation of state. [hmim][Tf2N], [emim][Tf2N] and [hmim][BF4] are used as solvents and R134a is used as a refrigerant. Results compare with other common refrigerant-solvents. Coefficient of performance of these systems are lower than common cycle like LiBr-water and water-NH3 but specific properties of ionic liquids such as nonvolatile, non corrosive, non-flammable and eco-friendly, cause very research perform to get proper refrigerant and ionic liquid as a solvent Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Power Plant Energy and Exergy Analysis
Ashkan Abdali Susan Mohammad Amin Mojavery AgahNowadays, there are some worries about the increasing temperature of earth and the pollution of fossil burning, hence using of new techniques in increasing power plant efficiency are very important. In this paper three structure layouts of turbine and power plant elemen MoreNowadays, there are some worries about the increasing temperature of earth and the pollution of fossil burning, hence using of new techniques in increasing power plant efficiency are very important. In this paper three structure layouts of turbine and power plant elements have been presented and The energy and the exergy losses for each component, energy and exergy efficiency of overall plant and irreversibility have also been determined using mass, energy and exergy balance equations. The energy and exergy analysis have been calculated in traditional and sub-system techniques namely boiler subsystem, steam cycle or thermal cycle subsystem and cooling tower subsystem. Results of exergy analysis in different steam power plants show that the major source of exergy destruction is the boiler. Suitable power plant design and its energy and exergy efficiency will be presented to client, till to support project and have capital investment on it. In this paper, in addition to suggested proportional power plant designs, the technical suggestions have been also presented to increase the power plant efficiencies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Energy, Exergy and Exergy economy Analysis of three Scenario of Thermal Plant
Mohammadamin Mojavery Agah khalil Mojaveryagah Ashkan Abdali SusanSteam power plants are an advanced and complex design of the Rankin steam-liquid cycle. Therefore, understanding the concepts of effective parameters in increasing energy and exergy efficiency and also exergoeconomic are very important. The purpose of this study is to i MoreSteam power plants are an advanced and complex design of the Rankin steam-liquid cycle. Therefore, understanding the concepts of effective parameters in increasing energy and exergy efficiency and also exergoeconomic are very important. The purpose of this study is to investigate the three basic scenarios of steam power plants, till the required changes in design and its effects on power plant efficiency to be determined. The third scenario has a preheater, a deaerator and two turbine extraction. The second scenario has a turbine extraction and preheater. In third scenario, energy and exergy efficiency are 20.74% and 26.91%, respectively. it’s increases of energy and exergy efficiency relative to second scenario are equal to 19.13% and 9.48%, respectively. Exergoeconomic analysis has shown that boiler and turbine have the highest total cost of investment, maintenance and exergy destruction, hence special attention should be paid to this equipment. The high relative cost factor of the boiler (r) indicates that the boiler efficiency can provide an overall improvement in the cost of this equipment. This can be done by reducing the exergy destruction by preheating and reducing losses and use of excess air. The Exergoeconomic coefficient of fk turbine is high. This means that to reduce the cost of the turbine, the possibility of reducing parameters such as inlet steam temperature, turbine pressure and it’s efficiency should be given more attention. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Evaluation of Cox-2 expression in human gastrocarcinoma cells
Somayeh Zolfaghari Sharifi maryam eidi Shohreh Zare KariziIntroduction: Gastrointestinal cancers are among the most common causes of death worldwide. Studies have shown that the cyclooxygenase enzyme plays an important role in the development of gastrointestinal cancers and increases the level of this enzyme in gastrointestina MoreIntroduction: Gastrointestinal cancers are among the most common causes of death worldwide. Studies have shown that the cyclooxygenase enzyme plays an important role in the development of gastrointestinal cancers and increases the level of this enzyme in gastrointestinal cancers. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of Cox-2 in human gastrocarcinoma cells.Materials and Method: In this case-control study, 30 samples of gastro-carcinoma tissues and 30 healthy surrounding tissues as control were obtained by the surgeon from the Imam Khomeini Hospital's surgery department. Characteristics of cancerous tissues including lymph node invasion, tumor size, stage of disease, vascular invasion and grade of disease were recorded. Real Time PCR reaction was performed using primer design and cDNA synthesis, and Bio-RAD was used to determine the Cox-2 gene expression. The results were analyzed by linReg PCR software and ultimately gene expression was analyzed by Rest 2009 software.Results: The Cox-2 expression was increased in tumor samples in compared to normal samples, significantly (p<0.05). There were significant and positive correlations between Cox-2 expression and tumor size (p <0.01), lymphatic invasion (p<0.01) and tumor stage (p<0.05). Conclusion: Considering the increased expression of cyclooxygenase 2 in human gastro-carcinoma cells, insignificantly, and the relationship between expression of Cox-2 and various parameters of cancer, it seems that Cox-2 expression levels should be further investigated in future research by selecting tumor samples at the same stages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - واکاوی علل حوادث ترافیکی موتورسیکلت با بهره گیری از نمودار ایشیگاوا (با تاکید بر رویکردی آسیب شناسانه به مدیریت)
مهیار سجادیان -
Open Access Article
43 - Density Functional Theory studies of heterocyclic compounds furan and pyrrole
Leili Rahimi Zahra JavanshirIn the present investigation, HOMO-LUMO energy gap, polarizability, structural parameters, molecular mass, hardness, softness, chemical potential of the heterocyclic compounds furan and pyrrole in the gas phase were calculated. Density Functional Theory calculations wer MoreIn the present investigation, HOMO-LUMO energy gap, polarizability, structural parameters, molecular mass, hardness, softness, chemical potential of the heterocyclic compounds furan and pyrrole in the gas phase were calculated. Density Functional Theory calculations were performed by the B3LYP method with 6-311++G(3df,3pd) basis set on the compounds. The bond length of R(1,2) of pyrrole larger value of furan and the bond length of the R(2,3) of furan have the larger value of pyrrole. Furan and pyrrole present polarizability of 48.45834 and 54.29600 a.u. at the B3LYP method, respectively. The HOMO–LUMO energy gap of 6.36730 and 5.63534 ev were obtained for the furan and pyrrole using B3LYP method, respectively. According to the calculations, HOMO–LUMO energy gap, hardness of furan, and dipole moment, polarizability and softness of pyrrole in the gas phase have the largest values. The furan and the pyrrole have the most negative charge and negative electrical potential on O5 and N5 atoms respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Evaluation of Photosynthetic Activity, Carbohydrates, Proline and Essential Oils (Ocimum basilicum L.) under the Elicitor of β-Cyclodextrin Nanoparticles
Azadeh Loni Sara Saadatmand Hossien Lari Yazdi Alireza IranbakhshInduction of engineered nanoparticles into medicinal plants causes resistance, enhances quantitative and qualitative performance and effective substances in them. In this study, β-cyclodextrin nanoparticles (β-CDNPS) were synthesized. The nanoparticle profile MoreInduction of engineered nanoparticles into medicinal plants causes resistance, enhances quantitative and qualitative performance and effective substances in them. In this study, β-cyclodextrin nanoparticles (β-CDNPS) were synthesized. The nanoparticle profile was determined by UV-VIS spectrum, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Then different concentrations of β-CDNPs including 0, 10, 50, 100 mg / l were used for foliar spray of basil (Ocimum basilicumc.v. Keshkeni luvelou). The amount of chlorophyll pigments and basil essential oil was significantly different (P≤ 5%) compared to the control.The maximum amount of chlorophyll b was observed in 100ppm treatment. The results showed a significant reduction (P≤5%) of the minimum fluorescence value (Fo) in the treatment of 50 ppm compared to the control and two levels of 10 and 100 ppm of β-CDNPS. The level of 50 ppm significantly increased (P≤ 5%) the maximum fluorescence, variable fluorescence (Fv), photochemical efficiency of the photosystem compared to the control. Foliar spray of β-CDNPS caused changes in basil gas exchange. Soluble sugars and proline of basil leave and root in 50ppm treatment had a significant increase (P≤%5) compared to the control, so that insoluble sugars in leave and root showed the opposite trend. In the presence of β-CDNPS, phenylpropanoids and terpenoids concentration, in the basil showed a significant difference (P≤5%) compared to the control group. Induction of β-CDNPS nanoparticles in the biosynthesis pathway of secondary metabolites results in plant productivity Basil plant under the treatment of nano β-cyclodextrin, with concentration-dependent behavior increased yield per unit area. Therefore, foliar spray at the right concentration can act as an inducer while stimulating, preserving the active ingredients in basil and increase the content of essential oil for food and drug consumption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - The role of Cetrorelix in preservation of morphological and ultrastructural changes in the germinal epithelium of testicular tissue following Cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity in mice
daryosh mohammadnejad jamal eivazi Ayda Azami Mohammadreza Valilou hussein Rasta Ali AbedelahiAnticancer drugs used in the treatment of neoplasia have harmful effects on organs with rapid cell division such as testicular tissue. Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists may have a preventive effect on spermatogenic defect produced by anticancer drugs suc MoreAnticancer drugs used in the treatment of neoplasia have harmful effects on organs with rapid cell division such as testicular tissue. Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists may have a preventive effect on spermatogenic defect produced by anticancer drugs such as cyclophosphamide. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the preventive effect of GnRH antagonist (Cetrorelix) on cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity in testicular tissue of mice. For this purpose, 30 adult 6-8 week old male mice were divided into three groups of control (no treatment), treatment 1 (50mg/kg intraperitoneal cyclophosphamide) and treatment 2 (0.25 mg/kg subcutaneous cetrorelix plus 50 mg/kg intraperitoneal cyclophosphamide). The mice were sacrificed 35 days after the last injection of cetrorelix and testicular speciemens were isolated for histomorphological and ultrastructural studies. Histomorphometric studies of the seminiferous tubules in the first treatment group showed significant decrease in the number of sertoli cells and the thickness of germinal epithelium (p <0.05). Ultrastructural study revealed that several intercellular spaces appear between sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells, and also there were a lot of degenerated mitochondria in the sertoli cells. In the second treatment group, conditions were similar to the control group to some extent. These results demonstrated that cetrorelix can protect the germinal epithelium of testis to some extent against side effects of cyclophosphamide. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Effects of centrifugation and cholesterol-loaded with cyclodextrin in the soybean lecithin -based extender on the quality of the post-thaw sperm of Ghezel ram
Mohammad Shamsolahi Hossein Daghigh KiaWhen using frozen-thawed semen, maintaining the motility and viability of ram sperm is important for achieving high pregnancy rates. The goal of this research was to clearly elucidate the effects of centrifugation and cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin (CLC) in a soy lecit MoreWhen using frozen-thawed semen, maintaining the motility and viability of ram sperm is important for achieving high pregnancy rates. The goal of this research was to clearly elucidate the effects of centrifugation and cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrin (CLC) in a soy lecithin-based extender on post-thaw ram sperm quality. Sperm samples were collected from 5 Ghezel rams with the age of 4-5 years for 3 weeks. After the initial assessment, the approved semen samples were combined and divided into 8 equal parts. Four samples were combined at 30˚C and the seminal plasma was then removed by centrifugation. The semen from the other four samples was not centrifuged and was diluted with Tris buffer plus different concentrations of CLC (0, 0.75, 1.5 and 3 mg/ 1.2×108 spermatozoa) and 7% glycerol, similar to the first group. The samples were then cooled to 5˚C and frozen in 0.25 ml straws. After thawing, total motility (TM) and progressive motility (PM), straight line velocity (VSL), curvilinear velocity (VCL), beat cross frequency (BCF), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), the integrity of the acrosome membrane and the integrity of the plasma membrane were significantly (p < /em><0.05) higher in the 1.5 mg CLC group compared to the other groups. Also TM, PM, VCL, TAC, SOD, GPX and plasma membrane was significantly (p < /em><0.05) higher in the group without centrifugation than in the centrifugation group. Overall, the results suggested that addition of 1.5 mg CLC improves most of the sperm parameters measured in vitro in comparison to other groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Effect of different concentrations of beta-cyclodextrin nanoparticles on growth indexes and enzymatic defense systems, Ion leakage and amount of membrane lipid peroxidation in basil medicinal plant (Ocimum basilicum L. c.v. keshkeni luvelou)
azadeh loni Sara Saadatmand Hossein Lari Yazdi Alireza IranbakhshBy nanotechnology entrance into the field of medicinal plants, the agricultural industry and food industry ensures an increase in the amount and quality of their products, along with the preservation of the environment. The properties of materials are changed by changin MoreBy nanotechnology entrance into the field of medicinal plants, the agricultural industry and food industry ensures an increase in the amount and quality of their products, along with the preservation of the environment. The properties of materials are changed by changing their size to nano. The use of beta-cyclodextrin nanoparticles is described as a new protection strategy of the plant and induces a plant defense response. For this purpose, to study the effect of beta-cyclodextrin nanoparticles on the physiologic indexes and biochemical activities in basil of keshkeni luvelou cultivar, an experiment was performed based on a completely randomized design with four replications at four levels of 0.10, 50, 100mg/l in the greenhouse. The results showed that different growth indices such as root and stem length and diameter, fresh and dry weight of roots, shoots, and leaf area increased by 5% compared to the control and the highest increase was reported at 50ppm. Data analysis showed that the effect of different treatments on the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase, peroxidase enzymes, malondialdehyde content, and ion leakage of roots and leaves were significantly increased (P≤5%) compared to the control. Membrane stability index was assessed by measuring the electrolyte leakage of leaves and roots. A significant reduction (P≤5%) of ion leakage and malondialdehyde of roots and leaves was observed in the treatment of 50mg/l nano-beta cyclodextrin which indicates an increase in enzyme activity. With the entrance of nanoparticles into agriculture can minimize the scope of chemical control and disruption of environmental physiological practices. The trend of changes in physiological and biochemical parameters studied in the present study are relatively reliable indicators to introduce the best concentration of beta-cyclodextrin nanoparticles for basil. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Studying Recessions and Booms in Iran Economy by Using Markov Switching Model
Morteza Salehi Sarbijan gholam ali Reisi Nader Shetab BooshehriIn this paper, by using the nonlinear model of Hamilton Markov switching, the possible features of circular pattern are considered in Iran by a seasonally adjusted real GDP during 1988-2008. The results represent that business cycles extracted from Markov switching meth MoreIn this paper, by using the nonlinear model of Hamilton Markov switching, the possible features of circular pattern are considered in Iran by a seasonally adjusted real GDP during 1988-2008. The results represent that business cycles extracted from Markov switching method are more appropriate than the linear model and the growth rate of GDP divided into three regimes by the average of negative, mildly positive and high positive growth as 3.92, 4.43 and 9.53 respectively. Iran economy experienced, during the above period, 7 seasons of recession, 10 seasons of mild growth and 58 seasons of high growth. Furthermore, the probability of stability in recession, moderate, and high growth are estimated 0.3, 0.92 and 0.5 percent respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Impact of Fiscal Policy Shocks on Cyclical and Structural Budget Balance in OPEC Member Countries
marzieh dindarrostami Shamsollah Shirinbakhsh Zahra AfshariAbstract The aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of fiscal policy shocks on the actual, cyclical and structural budget balance in OPEC countries during the period 1980-2015. For this purpose, by separating the budget balance into two cyclical and structural MoreAbstract The aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of fiscal policy shocks on the actual, cyclical and structural budget balance in OPEC countries during the period 1980-2015. For this purpose, by separating the budget balance into two cyclical and structural variables, using the Panel Structural Vector Auto Regression approach, which it presented in Pedroni (2013), as well as separation structural shocks into two common and idiosyncratic shocks among OPEC countries, the effect of fiscal policy is examine. Regarding the results, the effect of expenditures fiscal policy on the actual and structural budget has been positive and the effect of tax policy has been negative in theory. Based on the results, the need to pay attention to automatic stabilization and the use of monetary policy to deal with economic problems, rather than applying discretionary fiscal policy, are advisable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - تاثیر فرآیند ریزپوشانی با استفاده از خشک کن انجمادی بر خصوصیات فیزیکی، شیمیایی و آنتی اکسیدانی اسانس گلپر
پروین شرایعی ریحانه احمدزاده قویدل حسین بادفرسا -
Open Access Article
51 - طراحی و فرمولاسیون اسانس نانوکپسوله شده گیاه ترخون با استفاده از پوشش اینولین و بتاسیکلودکسترین
اعظم مجیدی شاداب شهسواری حسین عطار -
Open Access Article
52 - ارزیابی امکان تولید پنیر سفید کم کلسترول بااستفاده از بتاسیکلودکسترین
معصومه ملک یار لیلا روفه گری نژاد آیناز علیزاده رقیه اشرفی یورقانلو -
Open Access Article
53 - The Military Rise of China and the Challenges before American Hegemony
Mohammad Ali Basiri Syed Hesamolldin Moosavi Mohammad Ali rayatei neshadThe military rise of China is one of the important events of modern history. It is for more than two decades that China by taking up rational policies in domestic and international arena has achieved tremendous progress. These accomplishments along with vast potential o MoreThe military rise of China is one of the important events of modern history. It is for more than two decades that China by taking up rational policies in domestic and international arena has achieved tremendous progress. These accomplishments along with vast potential of this country has changed it into a great and influencing power and one of the candidates of superpower position in the twenty first century. Since the United States considers itself as the only superpower of the modern world, the rise of China is a challenge to its hegemony. This challenge points out the necessity of responding to it. The present article while evaluates the Chinese military progress, its impact and consequences raises this question that what should be the United States policy for facing the rising military power of China? The paper also evaluates the hypothesis that the military development and growth of China is the indication and its tendency for world hegemony and becoming a superpower in international arena. Thus with the rise of China and its establishment as a world power in new world order in thecoming decade, major contradiction will increasingly emerge between the United States and China. This conflict of interests, besides ideological difference, will lead to the strategic interest rivalry in Asia-Pacific and even in the whole world. Since these developments do not conform to the long range policies of the United States it will pursue a two pronged strategy of containment and participation to face this security dilemma. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - سیمای هورمونی مایع فولیکولی تخمدان و پلاسمای خون
ص. طباطبائی م. اصغری مقدم م. مموئی K. میرزاده ع. آقاییهدف از مطالعه حاضر، بررسی غلظت هورمون­های تولیدمثلی در پلاسمای خون و مایعات فولیکول­های با اندازه­های مختلف در مراحل سیکل استروس گاوهای هلشتاین بود. خونگیری از ورید وداج 42 رأس گاو هلشتاین بلافاصله پس از کشتار به عمل آمد. مایعات فولیکول­های کوچک (5-4 میل Moreهدف از مطالعه حاضر، بررسی غلظت هورمون­های تولیدمثلی در پلاسمای خون و مایعات فولیکول­های با اندازه­های مختلف در مراحل سیکل استروس گاوهای هلشتاین بود. خونگیری از ورید وداج 42 رأس گاو هلشتاین بلافاصله پس از کشتار به عمل آمد. مایعات فولیکول­های کوچک (5-4 میلی­متر)، متوسط (9-6 میلی­متر) و بزرگ (20-10 میلی­متر) تخمدانی جمع‌آوری شده و مراحل سیکل استروس ثبت شد. غلظت گونادوتروپین­ها و استروئیدها در پلاسمای خون و میزان استروئیدها در مایعات فولیکولی تعیین شد. غلظت استرادیول 17 بتا در فولیکول­های حفره­دار کوچک مرحله اوایل دیاستروس به طور معنی­داری بیشتر از غلظت آن در فولیکول­های کوچک سایر مراحل سیکل استروس بود (05/0>P). غلظت استرادیول 17 بتا در مایعات فولیکولی فولیکول­های متوسط در مرحله مت­استروس به طور معنی­داری بیشتر از میزان آن در مراحل پرواستروس و استروس سیکل استروس بود. اختلاف معنی­داری در غلظت استرادیول 17 بتای مایعات فولیکولی فولیکول­های بزرگ در بین مراحل مختلف سیکل استروس وجود نداشت (05/0<P). میزان پروژسترون فولیکولهای با اندازه­های مختلف در مراحل مختلف سیکل استروس دارای اختلاف معنی­داری نبود (05/0<P). غلظت پلاسمایی FSH، LH و استرادیول 17 بتا در پرواستروس و استروس بیشتر از مراحل دیگر سیکل استروس بود (05/0>P). غلظت پروژسترون پلاسما در اواخر دی­استروس بیشتر از متاستروس، پرواستروس و استروس بود (05/0>P). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Flow rate coefficient in jap weir single-cycle by CFD
Farhad Misaghi Alireza Seddigh AmirHossein AmaniLabyrinth weir are a kind of multi-dimensional weirs that cause passing flow increment with two dimensions. This kind has more effective length than usual sharp tip weirs. In this regard, they can pass more flow than usual weirs for channel with similar width and height MoreLabyrinth weir are a kind of multi-dimensional weirs that cause passing flow increment with two dimensions. This kind has more effective length than usual sharp tip weirs. In this regard, they can pass more flow than usual weirs for channel with similar width and height. In this study, effective geometrical parameters on single cycle labyrinth weir flow coefficient are measured by means of FLUENT software in three-dimensional way. To model turmoil, k-Ɛ model RNG method and to position free surface profile, VOF method are used. The results of numerical models are compared with those of rectangular weirs with same width. The results for specific H/P show that vertex angle increases with flow coefficient increase and rectangular weir performance of same width is less than single cycle labyrinth weirs, since in same width channel the interference of abscission blades is more severe than single cycle labyrinth weir and such an interference in vertex causes the flow coefficient decrease comparing with single cycle labyrinth weir. Moreover, single cycle labyrinth weir in less hydraulic loads has appropriate performance and ascending trend of flow coefficient. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - مقایسه صفات مورفولوژیکی در سه گونه زینتی سیکلامن، پامچال و بنفشه در طبیعت (جنگل) با نمونه های پرورشی آن ها در غرب استان مازندران
وحید رحیمی کاکرودی علیرضا اسلامیرویکرد سیاستگذاران و طراحان فضای سبز به استفاده از گونه­های بومی­ - زینتی در طراحی فضای سبز شهری بیش از پیش در حال اوج گرفتن است؛ زیرا سازگاری و مقاومت این گیاهان به شرایط آب و هوایی و اکولوژیکی منطقه باعث کاهش هزینه و ماندگاری بیشتر فضاهای سبز میشود. بدین­ Moreرویکرد سیاستگذاران و طراحان فضای سبز به استفاده از گونه­های بومی­ - زینتی در طراحی فضای سبز شهری بیش از پیش در حال اوج گرفتن است؛ زیرا سازگاری و مقاومت این گیاهان به شرایط آب و هوایی و اکولوژیکی منطقه باعث کاهش هزینه و ماندگاری بیشتر فضاهای سبز میشود. بدین­منظور مطالعه حاضر در غرب استان مازندران بر روی سه گونه بومی-زینتی سیکلامن، پامچال و بنفشه در طبیعت با نمونه­های پرورشی آنها انجام شد. صفات مورد اندازه­گیری ظهور گل در گونه­های یاد شده در طبیعت و گلخانه در فواصل زمانی دو هفته یک بار و نیز صفات مورفولوژیکی گیاه (طول و عرض برگ، دمگل، دمبرگ و گل) انجام شد. همگنی واریانس داده­ها توسط آزمون لِون و مقایسه دو به دوی گونه­ها نیز توسط آزمون t-test مستقل انجام گردید. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که صفات اندازه­گیری شده بین دو گونه زینتی و وحشی در گونه­ها، گونههای­ زینتی از لحاظ اندازه و بزرگ بودن مشخصات برگ بر گونههای وحشی برتری داشته و بین گونهها اختلاف معنی­دار وجود داشته است. تنها گونههای وحشی بنفشه معطر دارای طول، عرض و مساحت بیشتری نسبت به گونه زینتی آن است. ازلحاظ طول دوره گلدهی و تعداد گل تمام گونههای زینتی، زمان گلدهی و گل‌های بیشتری نسبت به گونههای وحشی خود دارند. هر دو گونه پامچال زینتی و وحشی دارای قدرت سبزمانی بعد از اتمام گلدهی هستند. اما بنفشه زینتی و سیکلامن وحشی پس از اتمام گلدهی از بین می‌روند، از طرفی بنفشه وحشی و سیکلامن زینتی پس از اتمام گلدهی زنده مانده و سبزینگی خود را حفظ می‌کنند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - بررسی صفات مورفولژی سیکلامن بومی ایران
افسانه یاوری کندری روح انگیز نادری محمود خسرو شاهلی کامبیز لاریجانیسیکلامن متعلق به خانواده Myrsinacea است و دربرخی مناطق معتدل زیر درختان و بوته ها رشد می کند.بدین منظورپژوهش در مورد صفات مورفولژی،فیتوشیمی و سیتوژنتیکی از سال 1394تا 1399 انجام شد.در این مطالعه سیکلامن ها از سه استان شمالی ایران،گیلان،مازندران و گرگان در فصل زمستان و ب Moreسیکلامن متعلق به خانواده Myrsinacea است و دربرخی مناطق معتدل زیر درختان و بوته ها رشد می کند.بدین منظورپژوهش در مورد صفات مورفولژی،فیتوشیمی و سیتوژنتیکی از سال 1394تا 1399 انجام شد.در این مطالعه سیکلامن ها از سه استان شمالی ایران،گیلان،مازندران و گرگان در فصل زمستان و بهار جمع آوری شده و صفات مورفولژی آنها در محل ارزیابی شد که این صفات شامل 15 صفت کمی و 9صفت کیفی بود. مطابق نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس، تنوع معنی داری میان صفات مطالعه شده مثل تعداد برگ،تعداد گل،رنگ گل،شکل گل و برگ و...وجود داشت که امکان گزینش گیاهانی با صفات مطلوب را فراهم می کندو نتیجه حاصل از تجزیه کلاستر،گیاهان مناطق مختلف رابه سه گروه مجزا تقسیم کرد و نشان داد گیاهان منطقه کردکوی از استان گلستان و همچنین گیاهان منطقه چالوس از استان مازندران متفاوت با سایر مناطق هستند. گیاهان مناطق نور، بهشهر، گرگان و سیاهکل با وجودی که از سه استان مجزا می‌باشند؛ اما بخاطر وجود شباهت‌هایی که از نظر مورفولوژی دارند در یک گروه قرار گرفتند. گروه اول شامل سیکلامن‌های مناطق قرن‏آباد، لاویج، دیلمان، پاسند و آب‏پری است. گیاهان این مناطق از نظر شکل حاشیه برگ کاملاً شبیه بوده و تضرس کمی داشتند. همچنین از نظر داشتن گلبرگ‏های بلند و تعداد بذر کم نیز شباهت داشتند. گروه دوم سیکلامن‏های منطقه کردکوی بود این گیاهان سوخ‌هایی بزرگ و سنگین، برگ‏های بزرگتر و عریض‏تر و همچنین گل‌های کوچکتری داشتند. سیکلامن‏های منطقه کردکوی بیشترین تعداد بذر، قطر، طول و وزن سوخ، تعداد گل، تعداد برگ، طول و عرض برگ، سطح برگ، طول دمبرگ و دمگل و نیز قطر دمگل را به خود اختصاص دادند. گروه سوم شامل مناطق سینوا و شاه‏چشمه چالوس بود. این گروه بیشترین عرض گلبرگ اما کمترین مقدار قطر دمگل، طول، عرض و سطح برگ، تعداد گل و برگ، وزن، طول و قطر سوخ را داشتند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Effect of 1- Methylcyclopropene and Methyl Jasmonate on Post-harvest Life of Alstroemeria cv. "Calgary" Cut Flowers
Atiqullah Sediqy Ali Tehranifar Mahmoud Shoor Hossein NematiAlstroemeria is one of the most important cut flower crops globally, known for its diversity in color, various cultivars, and overall beauty, contributing to its success in the global market. The use of different preservative solutions at various stages of cut flower su MoreAlstroemeria is one of the most important cut flower crops globally, known for its diversity in color, various cultivars, and overall beauty, contributing to its success in the global market. The use of different preservative solutions at various stages of cut flower supply to the market plays a critical role in preventing ethylene production and maintaining the water balance and energy supply required for the plant after being separated from the mother plant. Therefore, this investigation effect of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on the post-harvest life of alstroemeria (cv. Calgary) cut flowers was conducted in the Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The experiment was done in a factorial design (3 × 3) with five repetitions for each treatment. The results of the main effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) application showed that the highest water uptake, relative fresh weight, vase life, chlorophyll a and b, anthocyanin, catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase were observed at a concentration of 0.2 µL/L of MeJA. The main effect of 1-MCP application showed that the highest water uptake, relative fresh weight, vase life, chlorophyll a and b, anthocyanin, catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase were observed at a concentration of 1 µL/L of 1-MCP. The results of the interaction effect between MeJA and 1-MCP application showed that the highest water uptake, relative fresh weight, vase life, chlorophyll a and b, anthocyanin, and antioxidant enzymes were observed in the treatment with 4% sucrose+300 mg l-1 8-HQS+1 µL/L 1-MCP + 0.2 µL/L MeJA. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - The effects of alcoholic treatments ( ethanol – methanol ), on the ontogenic events of flowering and reproductive organs of (Cyclamen persicum Miller.)
Mahshad Movahedi ahmad majd sayeh jafari marandiCyclamen is one of the most exportable herbs and also used in the pharmaceutical industry. Hence, increasing the number of flowers, the durability and shelf-life of the cut flowers is important. Alcohol has positive effect on these properties in low concentration. Ther MoreCyclamen is one of the most exportable herbs and also used in the pharmaceutical industry. Hence, increasing the number of flowers, the durability and shelf-life of the cut flowers is important. Alcohol has positive effect on these properties in low concentration. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of alcoholic treatments on the development of reproductive meristem, the change in the number of flowering branches and the possibility of delaying aging in the cut flowers of the cyclamen. Therefore, pots containing vegetative parts of the cyclamen plants that have not yet entered the stage of reproduction were obtained form a greenhouse for the development of cyclamen in Tehran. Then, the control samples were sprayed three times a week to 10 cc of distilled water , and the treated samples were subjected to the same treatment under the influence of ethanol and alcoholic treatments. Methanol at concentrations of 1.5% , 3% and 6% . In this research, flower buds were harvested at three stages, and by conventional methods of cell-histology , the stages of development of reproductive meristem, formation of buds and flowers were studied. The results of examination of the same age and size buds in the control and control samples showed that alcohol accelerates the developmental stages of the various parts of the flower components. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Effects of Chaste tree fruit extract on ovarian tissue and sex hormones of POF model mice
kiana ghorbani Seyedeh Fatemeh Siadat Rohollah Fathi Fatemeh Abedi GhehiPremature ovarian failure (POF) is known as a heterogeneous disorder that leads to amenorrhea and ovarian failure before the age of 40 and causes infertility in young women. Herbal Medicines is traditionally used to treat hormonal problems in women. This study was condu MorePremature ovarian failure (POF) is known as a heterogeneous disorder that leads to amenorrhea and ovarian failure before the age of 40 and causes infertility in young women. Herbal Medicines is traditionally used to treat hormonal problems in women. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Chaste tree fruit hydro alcoholic extract on ovarian function and body weight of mice after POF induction in mice. In this study, 50 mice were divided into five groups (n=10) including the vitex group, POF and three experimental groups (creating POF model and gavage of vitex extract). After the effect of the extract, the ovarian tissue was studied with hematoxylin-eosin staining, and follicular count and serum level were checked. The results showed that the number of follicles, corpus luteum, and body weight of mice in the POF group were significantly reduced. Also, the serum level of FSH hormones increased in the POF group and the E2 hormone decreased significantly compared to the control group (p<0.05), which indicates the correct creation of POF models. After gavage of extract in POF mouse models, the serum level of hormones was adjusted and the number of ovarian follicles increased. The results of the study showed that vitex extract in the highest tested dose has positive effects on the number of follicles, body weight and sex hormones of mice in premature ovarian failure syndrome. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - مطالعه‌ی رفتار جذبی کلروسولفونیل کالیکس [4] آرن تثبیت‌شده بر سیلیکاژل نسبت به برخی از مواد شیمیایی مورداستفاده در صنعت لاستیک‌سازی
زهرا ثروتی سعید تقوایی گنجعلی ماندانا صابر تهرانی رضا زادمرد -
Open Access Article
62 - Using Smooth Transition Regression (STR) to predict Business Cycles
Harmony Shahmoradi Hamid Abrishami Oranus ParivarForecasting business cycles is very important in macroeconomic and it is an important part in process of economic decision-making and policy. In recent years, non-linear models have been considered more for forecasting economic variables and application of these models MoreForecasting business cycles is very important in macroeconomic and it is an important part in process of economic decision-making and policy. In recent years, non-linear models have been considered more for forecasting economic variables and application of these models has been made a significant improvement in modeling of the behavior of variables in the area of macroeconomic and particularly financial economics. This article provides a convenient and powerful model for forecasting business cycles by using smooth transition regression (STR). The results show that very little error that indicates model performance is acceptable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Determination of oxytetracycline residue in Cyprinus carpio of muscle and liver by HPLC method
T. Naji H. Hosseinzadeh M. Ghomi B. BahramiOxytetracycline (OTC) is the only form of tetracycline compounds which is approved by FDA to be used for prevention and treatment of aquatic animals’ diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of OTC residue in muscle and liver of Common carp (Cyp MoreOxytetracycline (OTC) is the only form of tetracycline compounds which is approved by FDA to be used for prevention and treatment of aquatic animals’ diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of OTC residue in muscle and liver of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using single dose method. 12 fishes were divided into 4 treatments and each treatment was divided into 3 replicates. Regarding the weight range of fishes ( 40-80 g ) and also the injectable OTC dosage rate of 25-50 mg/kg in accordance with aquatic animals pharmaceuticals ,0.04 ml of injectable solution of OTC was intramuscularly injected, then muscle and liver were sampled from fishes after 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Measurement of OTC residues was carried out by HPLC after solid phase extraction (SPE). The highest recorded concentrations in muscle and liver were observed in 6hr and 24hr after injection respectively (3.37μg/g and 17.37μg/g). The lowest concentrations in muscle and liver belonged to 72hr after injection (0.29μg/g and 9.52μg/g respectively). The results indicated that OTC concentrations descend in muscle from 6th to 72th hour. But in liver, because of OTC redistribution, drug concentration increases significantly after 24hr (P<0.05), then it decreases after 48 and 72hr. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - The Inhibitory Effect of Doxycycline- Silver Nanoparticle Conjugate on Brucella melitensis
Mohsen Ajalli Mojtaba Salouti Hamed Alizadeh Zahra Heydari Hossein Hamzehei Aram AlizadehBackground and Objective: Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella bacteria. According to recent studies, antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticle was approved. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of Doxycycline - silver MoreBackground and Objective: Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Brucella bacteria. According to recent studies, antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticle was approved. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of Doxycycline - silver nanoparticles conjugate against Brucella meltensis 16M. Material and Methods: After preparing the doxycycline-silver nanoparticle conjugate, its antimicrobial activity against Brucella meltensis 16M was determined by Well Diffusion Agar method in Muller Hintone Agar media. Also, Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Doxycycline-silver nanoparticle conjugate was determined by Macrodilution method in Muller Hintone Broth media. Finally, antibacterial effect of the nanoparticle was assayed in animal model. Results: The results showed that Doxycycline-silver nanoparticle conjugate has antimicrobial activity against Brucella melitensis 16M in laboratory condition. In mouse model, the conjugate of Doxycycline-silver nanoparticle could decrease effectively the Brucella melitensis load in liver. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that Doxycycline-silver nanoparticle conjugate has synergistic effect on Brucella melitensis 16M and can be useful in treatment of brucellosis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - بررسی اثر چرخه های اقتصادی بر عملکرد بانک ها در ایران مطالعه موردی بانک ملی ایران (1368-1393)
رافیک نظریان آزاده محرابیان برژانگ مرادی -
Open Access Article
66 - نقش وقوع سیکل های تجاری در مطالبات معوق بانک های کشور با استفاده از فیلترهای میان‌گذر
بابک اسماعیلی -
Open Access Article
67 - Effect of humic acid application on growth characteristics and changes in the active ingredients of medicinal plant
Maryam Bahador Abdolhossein Aboutalebi Jahromi Behnam Behrooznam Vahid RoshanThe use of humic acid fertilizer had a positive effect on the measured characteristics of Iranian sage and also the percentage of essential oil compounds. Dry weight of leaves (0.5 g) and number of inflorescences (35) and inflorescence weight (1.8 g) due to the use of 1 MoreThe use of humic acid fertilizer had a positive effect on the measured characteristics of Iranian sage and also the percentage of essential oil compounds. Dry weight of leaves (0.5 g) and number of inflorescences (35) and inflorescence weight (1.8 g) due to the use of 15 g of humic application was obtained. The amount and type of essential oil constituents were determined by GC and MS/GC devices and a total of 62 compounds were isolated from Iranian sage essential oil under the influence of experimental treatments, of which 18 similar compounds were present in all treatments. The most important compounds in Iranian sage essential oil was reported 5-neo-Cedranol (20.11%), Linalyl acetate (16.52), Terpinyl acetate (14.28%), Linalool (5.22) and Bicyclogermacrene (4.68%). Compounds Percentage increased with increasing humic acid density. As a result of using a concentration of 15 g / l of humic acid, the 5-neo-Cedranol, α-Terpinyl acetate, Bicyclogermacrene and Linalyl acetate compounds increased by 37.5, 22.5, 32.7 and 20.5 percent compared to control. The total phenolic compounds in the plant extract due to the use of 15 g / l humic acid increased significantly and by 72.8% compared to the control without fertilizer (516.43 mg / l). The highest phenolic composition in Iranian sage extract in this study was Rosmarinic acid at the rate of 421.64 mg / l at the level of 15 g / l humic acid. The use of humic acid caused a significant increase in the amount of antioxidants in the plant extract. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Dissimilar welding of UNS 2205 duplex stainless steel/AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel by pulsed current GTAW and joint properties evaluation
رضا نیسی مرتضی شمعانیان -
Open Access Article
69 - Evaluation of the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of Al-nano Zro2 composite Produced by Accumulative Roll Bonding (ARB) Process
سینا متین محمود پاکشیرIn this study, the pitting corrosion behaviour of Al-Nano ZrO2 Nano composites fabricated by Accumulative Roll bonding (ARB) process was investigated. Strips of 1050-aluminum alloy of length 250 mm, width of 40 mm, and thickness of 1 mm annealed at 623K in ambient atmos MoreIn this study, the pitting corrosion behaviour of Al-Nano ZrO2 Nano composites fabricated by Accumulative Roll bonding (ARB) process was investigated. Strips of 1050-aluminum alloy of length 250 mm, width of 40 mm, and thickness of 1 mm annealed at 623K in ambient atmosphere and analytical grade of ZrO2 powder with an average size of 40nm were used as raw materials. The Al-Nano ZrO2 composite was produced in 5 cycles. For electrochemical measurements, the square specimens of 10mm×10mm×1mm were cut, connected to copper wires and cold mounted. The open circuit potentials (OCP) of the specimens were measured after 24h immersion in the artificial seawater (3.5wt% NaCl), then Cyclic Polarization test were carried out at range of -0.25 / 1 v with respect to OCP and scan rate of 1mV/s. The results of Cyclic Polarization test indicated that when rolling cycles increase, the Eb and Eb-Erp decrease. The repassivation improved by decrease in Eb-Erp. SEM images represent the decrease and uniform distribution of pits on the surface of samples by increasing the rolling cycles. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - The effect of parameters of pulse Electrodeposition and post annealing on properties of Cobalt-tungsten alloy coating
سمیه اباذری سیوندی سعید رستگاری شهرام خیراندیشcobalt-tungsten anano structure alloy coating was produced using pulse electrodeposition in 200 Hz pulse frequency from citrate electrolyte at 60 °C. In this study the influence of cobalt ions concentration in solution and duty cycle on crystal structure, grain size Morecobalt-tungsten anano structure alloy coating was produced using pulse electrodeposition in 200 Hz pulse frequency from citrate electrolyte at 60 °C. In this study the influence of cobalt ions concentration in solution and duty cycle on crystal structure, grain size, hardness and corrosion resistance of coating was investigated. Surface morphology and composition of coatings was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and (EDS) analysis. The crystallite size of the coatings calculated from the x-ray diffraction patterns using the Scherrer equation. Micro hardness of the coatings was assessed using a Vickers micro-indenter. Results showed that electrodeposited coating at 0.2 mol/l cobalt sulphate and 60% duty cycle with 1A/dm2had optimum coating on 758 Hv. Annealing amorphous coating was produced at current density of 4 A/dm2 in high vacuum pressure makes crystalline coating. Increasing temperature at 600°C makes a well-developed polycrystalline structure of Co3W and CowO4 in the coating. Microhardness of coating increased from 436 Hv to 1059 Hv after heat treatment at 600 °C. Heat treatment of coating improved the corrosion resistance of coating. The coating heat treated at 400 ºC had minimum corrosion rate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - The Comparative of Combined Oral Contraceptives and Combine Injectable Contraceptives on Cycle Control
خاطره صفوی نائینی فرحناز زندیHormonal contraceptives are currently available in oral, injectable, transdermal patch and transvaginal-ring forms. Combination oral contraceptives (COCs) are the most frequently used method of hormonal contraception and an almost bewildering variety that are available. MoreHormonal contraceptives are currently available in oral, injectable, transdermal patch and transvaginal-ring forms. Combination oral contraceptives (COCs) are the most frequently used method of hormonal contraception and an almost bewildering variety that are available. A onceandndash;a-month injectable contraception was briefly available. Monthly withdrawal bleeding is similar to a normal menses, leading to high continuation rates despite the need for a monthly injection.This presentstudy is a clinical trial due to aim. Overall; women in need of contraception were recruited after signing an informed consent form in Shiraz health clinics. Women who were with the same partner throughout the study period were randomized to one of 2 treatment groups. We were collected data by questionnaire through personal interview, observation and measurements with 97 women for 4 months. Statistical analyses were performed on both groups. Data were collected and analyzed descriptive, independent T test and chi square by SPSS software. Our findings revealed that both drugs had the capacity to decrease length of menstrual bleeding, where as there is no significant difference between two groups. Both drugs had the capacity to decrease amount of bleeding, whereas there is no significant difference between two groups. . Both drugs had the capacity to decrease dysmenorhea, where as there is no significant difference between two groups. There is no finding significant increase in spotting or breakthrough bleeding and amenorrhea in both groups.In conclusion, the present study showed that cyclofem is a valid contraceptive method to ensure optimal cycle control with low hormonal doses monthly administration and good cycle control make this contraceptive an alternative to combined oral contraceptives, avoiding the necessity of taking medication on daily basis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Dietary Effects of the Probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici on Growth and Feeding Indices in the Convict Cichlid Fish (Amatitlania nigrofasciata)
F. Ramezani B. MoghaddasiEffects of the probiotic bacteria, Pediococcus acidilactici on growth performance of the Convict Cichlid fish (Amatitlania nigrofasciata) were examined. The main aim of the research was to examine the related effects of the probiotic P. acidilactici to increase the prod MoreEffects of the probiotic bacteria, Pediococcus acidilactici on growth performance of the Convict Cichlid fish (Amatitlania nigrofasciata) were examined. The main aim of the research was to examine the related effects of the probiotic P. acidilactici to increase the production of ornamental fishes. 150 fries of the Convict Cichlid fish were fed for 60 day in 15 groups (1 control and 4 treatments, each with 3 replicants) with dry food containing the probiotic P. acidilactici (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 gr/kg). Biometric features (standard length and body weight) were measured every two weeks and growth and feeding indices were conducted at the end of the period. Compared with the control group, the results showed better growth performance in the treatments and the best results achieved in the group 4 with 2 mg prebiotic per kg dry feed. The recent research proposed the use of the probiotic P. acidilactici to enhance ornamental fish production in hatcheries of the convict cichlid fish. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - The Effect of Oral Cyclosporine on Plasma Levels of Parathormone and Calcitonin in Adult Male Rat
حمیده افتخاریToday, osteoporosis is a popular disorder especially among old people and menopause women, and there are a lot of pathogenic factors which are effective in osteoporosis. Some scientific studies show that those who have to use cyclosporine continuously in a long term, wi MoreToday, osteoporosis is a popular disorder especially among old people and menopause women, and there are a lot of pathogenic factors which are effective in osteoporosis. Some scientific studies show that those who have to use cyclosporine continuously in a long term, will affected with osteogenesis. Indeed, parathormone and calcitonin can effect on osteogenesis as well. In this study, the researchers try to investigate the relationship between cyclosporine and the mentioned hormones. We have used 60 rats in this study to take their blood only for one time and, we have achieved 6 groups for our statistical analysis. The cyclosporine, saluted in olive oil with dosage of 15 mg/Kg/day, has prescribed to the rats to be taken orally for six weeks. Then we injected only olive oil to the other two remained groups (control) have received nothing. The serum is taken from the samples before and after prescribing the drug. The amounts of mentioned hormones are measured by ELISA method. The final result indicate that the difference of the plasma levels of parathormone between control group and the group that has taken the cyclosporine in Pandlt; 0.05 was not significant. However the plasma level of calcitonin in control group shows a significant decrease to the group that has taken the cyclosporine in Pandlt; 0.05. Osteoporesis that induces with drug is a preventable disease that often hasnandrsquo;t cared about it. Diagnosis of drug causes, treatment via controlling and use preventing parameters could recover of the patients. Investigations suggest some pathways for determine the cellular mechanism of cyclosporine on the osteoporosis. The results indicate that cyclosporine may operate mechanisms with decrease calcitonin and disturb the balance between osteoblast and osteoclast so finally cause osteoporosis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Investigating the Protective Effect of Thymoquinone on the Process of Spermatogenesis and Functional Indices of Sperm in White Rats Receiving Tricyclazole
Ramona Kasra kermanshahi Esmail Fattahi Seyed Gholam Ali Jorsaraei Sohrab Kazemi Maryam Gholami tabar tabariCompounds with antioxidant properties such as thymoquinone (TQ) significantly prevent changes resulting from the effect of toxic chemicals such as tricyclazole on visceral organs. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to use thymoquinone to prevent the destructiv MoreCompounds with antioxidant properties such as thymoquinone (TQ) significantly prevent changes resulting from the effect of toxic chemicals such as tricyclazole on visceral organs. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to use thymoquinone to prevent the destructive effects of tricyclazole on the process of spermatogenesis in male rats. In this experimental study, 42 male rats were randomly divided into 7 groups including: control group (no drug), sham group (10% solution of Tween 80), tricyclazole (20 mg/kg) group, thymoquinone (10 mg/kg) group, thymoquinone (20 mg/kg) group, tricyclazole (20 mg/kg) + thymoquinone (10 mg/kg) group, and tricyclazole (20 mg/kg) + thymoquinone (20 mg/kg) group. At the end of the treatment period, by preparing tissue sections from the testis, the cells of the spermatogenesis pathway were evaluated per unit area. According to the findings, the average number and motility of sperm and the number of spermatogonial cells in the thymoquinone 20 and thymoquinone 10 groups showed a significant increase compared to the tricyclazole group (p < 0.05); However, the number of Leydig cells in the thymoquinone 20 and thymoquinone 10 groups showed a significant decrease compared to the tricyclazole group (p < 0.05). The results of the study showed that thymoquinone, as a strong antioxidant, can partially compensate for the toxicity caused by tricyclazole on the spermatogenesis process. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Effect of Cyclophosphamide on ODF1 and ZPBP Gene Expression in Testicular Tissue of Male Wistar Rats
Sadegh Bazvand Tahereh Naji Abdolreza MohammadniaCyclophosphoma iodine is a DNA-inducing drug with anti-neoplastic properties. One of its most important side effects is changing the function of the reproductive system in males, which may lead to infertility. The ODF gene significantly reduced in infertile men. In spit MoreCyclophosphoma iodine is a DNA-inducing drug with anti-neoplastic properties. One of its most important side effects is changing the function of the reproductive system in males, which may lead to infertility. The ODF gene significantly reduced in infertile men. In spite of the effect of this drug on testicular tissue, there was no work on the expression of ODF1 and ZPBP genes in testicular tissue; this was done for the first time. In this study, 20 adult male Wistar rats weighing 220±30 g were selected and all were fed by standard pellet diet in the group receiving cyclophosphamide: receiving standard pellet with water and cyclophosphamide at a dose of 40 mg/kg. The groups were treated intraperitoneally for 30 days. The expression of ODF1 and ZPBP genes was investigated by Real Time method. The results showed that the expression level of ODF1 and ZPBP genes was significantly different between the control and treatment groups, and according to the calculations performed by the software the statistical data (P≤0.05), SPSS, and one-way ANOVA test, it was concluded that ZPBP and ODF1 gene expression decreased 7.26 and 7.5 times in the group exposed to cyclophosphamide compared to the control group, respectively. Moreover, comparing the number of sperm in the control and treatment groups showed that the number of sperms in the treatment group decreased compared to the control group. Reduced number of sperm may affect the fertility rate of male Wistar rats. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Evaluation of the Effect of Low Dose of Methamphetamine on the Human Astrocyte Cell Cycle Exposed to Amyloid Beta
Bita Soltanian Marzieh Dehghan Shasaltaneh Gholam Hossein Riazi Nahid MasoudianAstrocytes are the most important and abundant cells helping neurons. They are involved in the neural survival, ionic, and osmotic homeostasis, as well as in the formation of synapses and growth of the axons and dendrites. Activating markers of the cell cycle increased MoreAstrocytes are the most important and abundant cells helping neurons. They are involved in the neural survival, ionic, and osmotic homeostasis, as well as in the formation of synapses and growth of the axons and dendrites. Activating markers of the cell cycle increased in Alzheimer’s disease. Cyclin dependent kinase 1(Cdk1) and cyclin E2 (CE2) are among the cell cycle markers. Besides, methamphetamine in non-toxic dose reduces the automatic division capacity and leads to cell differentiation. In this study, the human astrocytes exposed to amyloid beta (Aβ) and treated with low doses of methamphetamine (METH) and the cell cycle arrest and expression of the Cdk1 and CE2 were assessed in all groups. Five groups were used: 1- The cells expose to Aβ, 2- The cells exposed to METH, 3- The cells exposed to Aβ and then METH, 4- the cells exposed to METH and then Aβ, 5- The control group. Each group was repeated three times. Cdk1 gene expression decreased in group 3, treatment group, but increased in group 4, prevention group. The CE2 gene expression decreased in both groups. Furthermore, the cell cycle arrest in G1, G2, and S were assessed. In the Group 3, treatment group, G2 decreased; but in group 4, prevention group, it increased. Changes in the cell cycle are the early symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease. The low dose of METH can reduce cell cycle activating markers as well as reducing cell division and leading the cells to death. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - تحلیل و شبیه‌سازی تأثیر دمای ورودی به توربین بر عملکرد ترمودینامیکیسیکل ترکیبی آب - آمونیاک
سهیل محترم علی آقا میرجلیلی احمدرضا فقیه خراسانیبا توجه به اهمیت سیکل­های تولید توان و از آن جمله سیکل ترکیبی، در سال‌های اخیر مطالعات فراوانی در این زمینه صورت گرفته و محققان بسیاری با استفاده از روش‌های موجود سعی در بهینه کردن این سیکل­ها داشته­اند.در این تحقیق به بررسی سیکل آب- آمونیاک پرداخته‌شده است. Moreبا توجه به اهمیت سیکل­های تولید توان و از آن جمله سیکل ترکیبی، در سال‌های اخیر مطالعات فراوانی در این زمینه صورت گرفته و محققان بسیاری با استفاده از روش‌های موجود سعی در بهینه کردن این سیکل­ها داشته­اند.در این تحقیق به بررسی سیکل آب- آمونیاک پرداخته‌شده است. در سیکل ترکیبی آب-آمونیاک از مخلوط دوگانه آب- آمونیاک به‌عنوان سیال عامل استفاده می­شود. این سیکل قابلیت استفاده از منابعی مانند انرژی اتلافی سیکل قدرت معمولی و یا منبع حرارتی مستقلی که از انرژی خورشیدی و یا زمین‌گرمایی استفاده می‌کند را دارد. هدف از این مقاله بررسی تأثیر دمای ورودی به توربین بر عملکرد ترمودینامیکی سیکل ترکیبی آب-آمونیاک هست.در این پژوهش به کمک نرم‌افزارEESابتدا سیکل تولید توان آب- آمونیاک مدل­سازی شده و سپس به‌منظور بررسی و مقایسه، سیکل ترکیبی گاز- رانکین شبیه‌سازی ترمودینامیکی شده و از دیدگاه قانون اول و دوم ترمودینامیک موردمطالعهقرارگرفته‌اند. درنهایت به بررسی تأثیر دمای ورودی به توربین بر عملکرد ترمودینامیکی پرداخته‌شده است Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - تاثیر یک جلسه فعالیت زیربیشینه بر تغییرات لپتین سرم در دوره های مختلف قاعدگی در زنان چاق و لاغر
هادی باشفاعت فرشته شهیدی فرزانه حاتمی سوده ابراهیمی شاه آبادی -
Open Access Article
79 - Investigation the effects of rural electrification on agricultural growth
Hanieh Yousefi Motaghaed SeyyedYaghoob ZeraatkishEnergy is a critical factor, playing an essential role in production.Meanwhile the electricity is the most important forms of energy which is faced with growing demand. According to statistic of 2012, the share of energy consumption in the agricultural sector is 16.3% o MoreEnergy is a critical factor, playing an essential role in production.Meanwhile the electricity is the most important forms of energy which is faced with growing demand. According to statistic of 2012, the share of energy consumption in the agricultural sector is 16.3% of total electricity consumption in the country. The electricity supply to rural areas can be considered as one of the most important infrastructure, playing an invaluable role in agricultural sector's development. So in this paper the relationship between the value added in agriculture and the number of villages who have the electricity, the agriculture's share of total electricity consumption in the country, the number of electricity subscribers in agricultural sector, the amount of electricity consumed in the agricultural sector, value added of electricity, has been studied. To this purpose the VAR and DAG and annual data (2012-1989) were used. Results of variance analysis indicated that, among the variables included in the model, the number of electricity subscribers has the greatest effect on agricultural value added. DAG also showed that the agricultural share in total electricity consumption and number of electricity subscribers impress the agricultural value added. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Stochastic Expansion Planning of Energy Storage in Transmission Networks, Considering into Account the Limitations the Charge and Discharge Cycles and Depth of Discharge
Reza Ebrahimi Abyaneh Javad Olamaei Seyed Mostafa AbediAs the penetration of renewable energy resources increases, as well as advances in battery technologies, optimal expansion planning of the high-capacity batteries in power systems has become important. In this manuscript, a new model for the stochastic development of th MoreAs the penetration of renewable energy resources increases, as well as advances in battery technologies, optimal expansion planning of the high-capacity batteries in power systems has become important. In this manuscript, a new model for the stochastic development of the batteries in transmission networks is presented. In the proposed method, the production of the wind unit is probabilistically modeled based on scenarios. In this method, in addition to the conventional relationships in the formulation of the problem of optimal energy storage systems expansion planning, the limitation of charging and discharging capability of storage devices has also been addressed. In the proposed model, a new relationship is proposed to determine the capability of charging and discharging cycles of storage devices. Also, the relationship between the maximum capability of charge and discharge cycles and the depth of discharge is presented and added to the previous formulations. The nonlinear relations in the proposed model are linearized and become a linear problem. The optimization problem generated by GAMs software has been solved. In order to demonstrate the capability of the proposed method, this method has been implemented on the 14-bus IEEE test network, which the simulation results show its capability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Evaluation of different methods of extraction and micropropagation of lemon grass on physicochemical properties of the extract
Sanaz Kamel Abdollah Alizadeh dariush khademi ShurmastiThis research was conducted to evaluate the extraction methods and also the encapsulation of lemon grass extract on the efficiency of extraction of effective components and some physical properties of the extract. Extraction was done by Soxhlet and ultrasonic methods. T MoreThis research was conducted to evaluate the extraction methods and also the encapsulation of lemon grass extract on the efficiency of extraction of effective components and some physical properties of the extract. Extraction was done by Soxhlet and ultrasonic methods. The extracts were encapsulated using solutions of wall materials including cyclodextrin and sodium caseinate. The extraction efficiency of the extract was measured and compared in two methods. The results showed that ultrasonic extraction significantly increased the extraction efficiency of citronellol, eugenol, linalool, and betacaryophyllin B compared to the Soxhlet method (p<0.05). Encapsulation of the extract with sodium caseinate compared to beta-cyclodextrin increases the production efficiency of microencapsulation (85.7 vs. 84%), increases moisture content (4.86 vs. 3.9%) and decreases mass density (250.21 vs. 547 kg/ M3) (p<0.05). The score of the sensory properties of lemon grass extract, including colour, smell and taste, was higher in the ultrasound method than in the Soxhlet method, and in sodium caseinate microcapsules, it was higher than beta-cyclodextrin. In general, ultrasonic extraction increased the efficiency of extracting effective substances and coating with sodium caseinate improved the physical and sensory properties of lemon grass extract. Therefore, it is recommended to extract lemon grass by ultrasonic method and cover the extracted extract with sodium caseinate to improve its use in food, cosmetic and medical industries. Manuscript profile
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