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Open Access Article
1 - بررسی اثر روی بر پلاکهای آترواسکلروز آئورت در موش صحرایی نر
پریچهر یغمایی کاظم پریور بهاره محمدی نوین -
Open Access Article
2 - Serological evaluation of effect of magnesium sulfate on renal function after kidney I/R in rat
Asghari, A., Jamshidi, N., Neshat, M., Mortazavi, P. .Ischemia reperfusion is a Cellular damage that occurs on return of blood to the ischemic tissue. In this study the preventive effects of magnesium sulfate on complications induced by ischemia reperfusion was investigated. In this study, 25 male Wistar rats were us MoreIschemia reperfusion is a Cellular damage that occurs on return of blood to the ischemic tissue. In this study the preventive effects of magnesium sulfate on complications induced by ischemia reperfusion was investigated. In this study, 25 male Wistar rats were used randomly divided into 5 groups of 5.The Sham group: The group has not received any medication and after only a week, blood sample was collected. The Control group (IR): The group has not received any medication before ischemia reperfusion. After a week the abdominal cavity was opened and a renal vessel were closed with non-traumatic forceps and after 45 min were released, then 8 hours later blood sample was collected. The third group (25mg/kg): This­ group was administrated orally with magnesium sulfate (25 mg/kg) for a week and after a week the abdominal cavity was opened, and renal vessels were closed with non-traumatic forceps and after 45 min were released then 8 hours later blood sample was collected. The forth group (50mg/kg): The group was administrated orally with magnesium sulfate(50mg/kg) for a week, and after a week the abdominal cavity was opened, and renal vessels were closed with non-traumatic forceps and after 45 min were released, then 8 hours later, blood sample was collected. The fifth group (100mg/kg): The group was administrated orally with magnesium sulfate (100mg/kg) for a week, and the abdominal cavity was opened after a week, and renal vessels were closed with non-traumatic forceps and after 45 min were released, then 8 hours later, blood sample was collected. At day zero (before drug administration) and after the end of ischemia-reperfusion and 8 hours later, blood samples were collected and serum creatinine and BUN levels were examined. Data was analyzed statistically (P<0.05). The result of this study shows that serum BUN and creatinine levels, in pretreated groups with Magnesium sulfate in contrast with untreated groups are lower. Consequently Magnesium sulfate could prevent ischemia-reperfusion induced injury to the kidney. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Effects of magnesium sulfate on atherogenic indices in cholestatic male rats using Bile duct ligation method
Eshraghi, T., Eidi, A., Mortazavi, P., Asghari, A., Tavangar, S.M. .Cholestasis is defined as a decrease in bile flow due to impaired secretion by hepatocytes or to obstruction of bile flow through intra or extrahepatic bile ducts that leads to retention of bile acids, bilirubin and cholesterol. Magnesium, the second most abundant intra MoreCholestasis is defined as a decrease in bile flow due to impaired secretion by hepatocytes or to obstruction of bile flow through intra or extrahepatic bile ducts that leads to retention of bile acids, bilirubin and cholesterol. Magnesium, the second most abundant intracellular cation, plays an essential physiological role in many functions of the body. The aim of this study was evaluating the effects of magnesium sulfate on atherogenic indices in cholestatic male Wistar rats. In this experimental study, 81 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 9 groups. Bile duct ligation was done by standard method. MgSo4 (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 g/kg bw) was administered intragastrically, once a day, for 28 consecutive days. Serum samples were collected and serum lipid profile was measured using standard methods. Then atherogenic indices were calculated. Cholestasis led to a significant increase in atherogenic indices and treatment of cholestatic rats with magnesium sulfate significantly reduced atherogenic indices.Magnesium sulfate may improve serum lipid profile and reduce atherogenic indices in cholestatic rats by reducing oxidative stress and increasing the activity of enzymes involved in the metabolism of lipoproteins. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
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امیرحسام حسنی امیرحسین جاوید مهدی برقعی سیدعی اصغر چاوشباشی -
Open Access Article
5 - 2
حسن اصیلیان علی خوانین سیدباقر مرتضوی سقراط فقیه زاده رسول یاراحمدی -
Open Access Article
6 - Efficiency of aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, poly aluminum chloride, polymer and lime in marble processing effluent treatment
Mohammad Fahiminia Mohsen Ansari Shahram Nazari Gharib Majidi Zahra Ahmadi Vahideh FahiminiaBackground and Objective: Because of high consumption on water in marble processing, issue of water reuse in the process, is essential. Therefore this study was conducted with purpose of survey efficiency of aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, poly aluminum chloride, pol MoreBackground and Objective: Because of high consumption on water in marble processing, issue of water reuse in the process, is essential. Therefore this study was conducted with purpose of survey efficiency of aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, poly aluminum chloride, polymer and lime in removal of turbidity, total suspended solids and total solids of marble processing wastewater. Method: This study was performed on laboratory scale and using the jar test. The experiments was done based on various doses of coagulant (25, 50, 75, 100, 200 and 500 mg/l). Steps of rapid mixing, slow mixing and stable was done, and the factors such as turbidity, total suspended solids, total solids, pH, and electrical conductivity (EC) were investigated. Findings: Coagulants efficiency in the turbidity removal was approximately identical. The maximum rates of removal of the turbidity related to lime (99.8%) and a minimum rate of removal was related to aluminum sulfate (86.4%). Poly aluminum chloride and lime were high efficiency in the removal of the total suspended solids. The maximum rates of removal of the total suspended solids related to lime (99.1%) and the minimum rate of removal was related to ferric chloride (57.3%). Alum and polymer efficiency in removal of the total solids was higher than other coagulants. The maximum rates of removal of total solids related to alum (82.5%) and the minimum rate of removal was related to polyaluminum chloride (70%). Discussion and Conclusions: Use of coagulants can increase the treatment efficiency and accelerates return the water to cycle. Alum and lime have high performance in removal of turbidity, total suspended solids, and total solids and can be used for marble processing wastewater treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Investigating the Chaneges of Sulphate in Potabale Water of Yasuj City and preparing it's Qualitative Plan by Means of GIS Tools
Feizollah Pasereh Amirhesam Hasani Nezamoddin Hoseni Amirhosein JavidIntroduction: Water has always some soluble salts, such as sulphate. Sulphate enters the water through different resources such as, dissolved gypsum, waste water of industrial factories and automobiles smoke, dissolved in rain. Presence of sulphate in potable water has MoreIntroduction: Water has always some soluble salts, such as sulphate. Sulphate enters the water through different resources such as, dissolved gypsum, waste water of industrial factories and automobiles smoke, dissolved in rain. Presence of sulphate in potable water has an enormous role in creating constant hardness.On the other hand Presence of sulphate with high density in drinking water, causes changes in taste and it's combination with Calcium and Magnesium anions has laxative effect. The goal of this study is to assess the amount of existing sulphate in Yasuj city potable ground water, and determining the procedure of changes in chemical parameters of sulphate and recognizing effective factors on these parameters and preparing qualitative plan for water resources for sulphate parameter by means of GIS tools. Method: In the study described above, 42 specimens in the 7 earely months of the year 1387 were acquired and tested. Sulphate tests were done based on the measuring method of the instrument of Filter photometer (Model: 7000). For analysing the results, Excel software and for preparing qualitative plan, GIS software was used. Results: This study showed that sulfate levels in water resources by reducing water level in summer and autumn and with a water level of under ground water resources increases. Conclusion: Decrease of ground water resources of Yasuj city, causes the sulphate density to increase. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
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Tahereh Naji Shila Safaeian Mina Rostami Mehrnaz Sabrjou -
Open Access Article
9 - 3
مهدی برقعی غازی عیدان -
Open Access Article
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ایرج یوسفی غلامرضا ملاطاهری مجید وفایی فر -
Open Access Article
11 - Analysis of Moringa Oliefera Seed Powder Reaction in Treatment Wastewater Comparing with Aluminum Sulphate and PAC Reaction
Vahid Yazdani Hossein Banejad Alireza RahmaniAbstract Background and Objective: Due to the fact that in arid and semiarid areas, access to high quality water resources my have limitation, using purified wastewater for irrigation plays an important role. Although wastewater are so little comparing with needed irri MoreAbstract Background and Objective: Due to the fact that in arid and semiarid areas, access to high quality water resources my have limitation, using purified wastewater for irrigation plays an important role. Although wastewater are so little comparing with needed irrigation water but using this much water can cause that we use higher quality waters for better consumption. This research has been alone in laboratory and there has been utilized the jar test set. Method: In this research has been attempted to analyze, the effects of moringa seed powders (Oliefera species) in comparison with Alum and Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC) in wastewater treatment. For performing the experiments, we utilized urban wastewaters with mediun density. Efficiency of each coagulant was assessed by measuring a number of parameters including the hardness (total, Calcium and Magnesium), turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), acidity, Coliform (fecal and total) before and after the treatment. It is noticeable that all methods of measuring the qualitative parameters were based on those described in the book of Standard Method. Results:This research showed that in optimum concentration Alum, PAC and Oliefera were able to decrease turbidity up to 99.5, 99 and 97.7 percent, respectively. The efficiency of eliminating total, Calcium and Magnesium hardness, fecal and total Coliforms in the best condition were 40 (100 mg Oliefera), 72.5 (100 mg Oliefera), 67(80 mg Oliefera), 99.8 (combination of 100 mg Oliefera and 15 mg Alum) and 99.7 (combination of 100 mg Oliefera and 15 mg Alum) percent, respectively. Discussion and conclusion: The results showed that the efficiency would be higher if Oliefera be combination with Alum or PAC. The Moringa seed powders decreasing sedimentation time, comparing with the Alum and PAC. So much, so that the sedimentation time was decreased from 30 min to 10 min. we have to remark that the bulk produced sludge in Moringa seed powder has less density comparing with the Alum or PAC. It also was easier to drain. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Investigation Sulphate removal of Synthetic Wastewater by iron oxide nanoparticles
hadis foladi roya mafi gholami sadegh ghasemiOne of the serious issues in recent years, the role of sulfur and its various combinations like sulfate as part of pollutants in output waste. Given that today, the use of nano substances for treatment of environment pollutants is highly under attention. The purpose of MoreOne of the serious issues in recent years, the role of sulfur and its various combinations like sulfate as part of pollutants in output waste. Given that today, the use of nano substances for treatment of environment pollutants is highly under attention. The purpose of this study is to use of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4) under UV irradiation for sulfate removal. The experiments were conducted in batch system and the effect of pH, the amount of nanoparticles, contact time and the initial concentration of sulfate under UV irradiation (8w) were examined. The most common isotherms and kinetics of adsorption were applied to analyze sulfate removal and the reaction rate. According to the results, the maximum efficiency of sulfate adsorption was 77.92% which was obtained in pH of 7 and contact time of 90 minutes and 2 g/L of nano substances. Data for this study indicated a good correspondence with isotherms of Longmire. The analysis of kinetic indicated that nitrate removal is consistent with the second-degree kinetic adsorption model. Finally, it should be noted that the process of photocatalytic magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and ultraviolet (UV - C) could lead to a significant reduction in emissions of sulfate from sewage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - تأثیر سطوح بـور و روی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دو رقم کلزای زمستانه در منطقه قزوین
جعفر شهابی فر رضا خوش نظر پرشکوهی -
Open Access Article
14 - کارایی محلول پاشی منابع مختلف آهن به همراه سولفات روی بر افزایش خصوصیات کمی و کیفی پسته رقم احمد آقایی
زهرا سلامت بخش سید مهدی میری علی خانمیرزایی فرد -
Open Access Article
15 - بررسی اثر شیرابه کمپوست زباله شهری بر غلظت برخی از کاتیونها و آنیونهای محلول خاک در مدیریتهای مختلف آبیاری
ابراهیم پناه پور ابراهیم پذیرا پیام نجفی عبدالامیر معزی -
Open Access Article
16 - Preparation and Characterization of Gelatin/ Alginate/ Chondroitin Sulfate/β-TCP/n-CDHA Injectable Composite for Bone Repair Applications
A.R. Chamansara A.A. Behnamghader A. Zamanian -
Open Access Article
17 - Effects of Different Level Zinc Sulfate(ZnSO4) in Diet on the Hematocrit and Hematology Parameters in Gold fish(Carassius auratus)
عبدالرضا Jahanbakhshi علی شعبانی شهاب قاضی حامد کلنگی میاندرهv:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} >1024x768Normal0falsefalsefalseEN-USX-NONEAR-SA /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal Morev:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} o:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} w:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} .shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} >1024x768Normal0falsefalsefalseEN-USX-NONEAR-SA /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:Arial; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} >Inroduction & ObjectiveMineral materials are the most important part of the fish nutrition subjects diet because they represent a very low quantity in the diet but they have a high effect on fish physiology and metabolism. The aim of this study was investigate the effect of different level of zinc sulfate (ZnSo4) on hematocrit and hematology for assess the effects of this mineral matter on goldfish health.Materials and Methods:Experimental diets prepared with four levels(four treatments and each treatment include three repetitions) 0, 25, 75 and 125 mg/kg. Healthy fish with average weight 3.3 ± 0.10 and average length 3.5 ± 0.2 was maintained in 400 liter tanks withtemperature 28 ± 1, pH 7.5 ± 0.5 and hardness 286 ± 1.2 and feed for 60 days and end the trial hematocrit and hematology parameter was measured.ResultsResult of analysis the hematological parameter of fish feed with different levels of zinc showed that white blood cells (WBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) and mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) in our experimental treatments did not show a significant difference (p≥0.05) but in red blood cells (RBC), hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb) there was significant difference between treatments (p≤0.05). Red blood cell count, hematocrit and hemoglobin in zinc sulfate treatments (treatments 2, 3 and 4) had higher values and the highest value was in group 4 (150 mg kg zinc sulfate), which there was significant difference between2 and 3 treatments also hada significant difference with control group.Conclusion:The results shows that zinc in the diet stimulate the immune system and can have positive effects on the health and hematological factors of goldfish. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Effect of Copper Sulfateon the Wistar Rat's Fetal Liver Tissue
Rahil Jannatifar Ahmad Farrokhi Sona Zargari Mehrdad Ghorbanlou Reza NejatbakhshInroduction & Objective: Heavy metals like copper, even at low concentrations, can damage the tissue of creatures. According to high doses of copper in neonate's liver and the importance of liver development, this study was conducted by the purpose of the evaluation of MoreInroduction & Objective: Heavy metals like copper, even at low concentrations, can damage the tissue of creatures. According to high doses of copper in neonate's liver and the importance of liver development, this study was conducted by the purpose of the evaluation of the effect of copper sulfate on the Wistar rat's fetal liver tissue.Material and MethodIn this experimental study, 48 male and female Wistar rats with weight range of 200 to 250 gr were used. Before pregnancy, adult female rats were divided randomly into four control and copper sulfate experimental groups. Experimental groups respectively delivered 0.25, 0.5 and 1 gr copper sulfate in each 1000 gr of standard diet for 2 weeks before mating and during pregnancy. At the 21th day of pregnancy, rats were euthanized and the fetuses were removed from the female uteri and the liver was prepared for the purpose of histological studies. Data were analyzed by SPSS software and P was considered significant.Results: Average cephalocaudal length in the control group in comparison to experimental groups of 1 and 3 indicated significant difference (PConclusions:Copper sulfate at average and higher concentrations may have destructive effects on histology and cells of fetal liver. These changes and damages can be a function of the amount of consumption dose, time period and consumption period of copper sulfate Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Investigation of the effects of copper sulfate on sperm quality parameters, DNA fragmentation rate and testicular tissue of adult rats of wistar breed
rahil jannatifar hamid piroozmanesh Leila naserpoorAim: Copper sulfate is one of the most important environmental pollutants that has the ability to produce free radicals and create oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of copper sulfate on sperm quality parameters, DNA fragmentation rat MoreAim: Copper sulfate is one of the most important environmental pollutants that has the ability to produce free radicals and create oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of copper sulfate on sperm quality parameters, DNA fragmentation rate and testicular tissue of adult Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 30 adult Wistar rats weighing 250-200 grams were used. Random adult mice were treated in 3 control groups, copper sulfate receptor with concentration (100 mg / kg) and concentration (200 mg / kg) for 56 days. At the end of the treatment period, testicular weight, sperm count and parameters were assessed based on (WHO2010). The quality of sperm chromatin was assessed by acridine uranium nuclear pigments. Malondialdehyde level was measured. Data were analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA statistical method. Results: The quality of sperm parameters in copper sulfate with a concentration of 200 mg / kg decreased significantly (P <0.05). The testicular weight was significantly reduced at a dose of 200 mg / kg (P <0.05). The diameter of the seminiferous tubules, testosterone levels,, germ cell count, and sperm DNA fragmentation rate decreased at a dose of 200 mg / kg (P <0.05). The concentration of malondialdehyde at a dose of 200 mg / kg sulfate copper was significantly increased (P <0.05). Conclusion: This study shows that high concentrations of copper sulfate cause destructive effects on sperm quality, testicular tissue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Efficacy of the stabilizers of Talaromyces flavus in biological control of sugar beet seedling damping-off disease
Sheedeh Mehraban Booshehri Laleh Naraghi Mohammad TorabiIn the present study, first the superior bioformulations for Talaromyces flavus,containging some chemical stabilizers were determined by measuring the presentage of active spores in bioformulations and then their efficacy in biological control of sugar beet seedli MoreIn the present study, first the superior bioformulations for Talaromyces flavus,containging some chemical stabilizers were determined by measuring the presentage of active spores in bioformulations and then their efficacy in biological control of sugar beet seedling damping-off was investigated in greenhouse. An experiment was performed in split plot based on randomized complete block design with four replications in greenhouse. Three inoculum application methods (soil treatment, seed treatment and combination of both methods) were considered as the main factor and eight different inoculum formulations including six superior bioformulations Dicycloserin-TF-Su-K-1,Dicycloserin-TF-Su-K-2,Dicycloserin-TF-Su-K-3, Carboxymethilcellolose-TF-Su-K-2, Sulfate magnesium-TF-Su-K-3 and Nitratesodium-TF-Su-K-2. together with two control treatments (healthy and infected checks) were considered as the sub-factor.The results indicated that the most effective treatments for biological control of sugar beet damping-off were Dicycloserin stabilizer and isolate TF-Su-K-3, separetely. Results of the interaction effects of inoculum application method and inoculum showed that the treatment of Dicycloserin-TF-Su-K-2 applied as soil treatment or as combination of soil and seed treatment resulted in less disease occurrance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Histopathological effect of mixed probiotic(Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus heloticus) on copper sulfate induced lesions in the lung tissue of male rats
hosna sadat kashfi zahra keshtmand Ramin Mohammadi AlouchehIntroduction:Heavy metals can have adverse effects on humans due to their toxic nature. One of the most important strategies to adjust the microbiota balance and improve the health status is the use of probiotics as beneficial live microorganisms.Aim:The purpose of this MoreIntroduction:Heavy metals can have adverse effects on humans due to their toxic nature. One of the most important strategies to adjust the microbiota balance and improve the health status is the use of probiotics as beneficial live microorganisms.Aim:The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of probiotic mixture of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus heloticus on the induced effects of copper sulfate in the lung tissue of male rats.methods and Materials:In this experimental study, 21 male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups of 7: control, receiving copper sulfate and copper sulfate + probiotic mixture. Copper sulfate (200 mg/kg) three days in a row and probiotics (109 CFU/Ml) were gavage to the rats for 35 days. The samples were photographed and studied by hematoxylin-eosin staining and light microscopy.Results:Examining the morphological changes of the lung tissue in the probiotic treatment group showed a reduction in tissue damage compared to the copper sulfate group. Conclusion:According to the findings of this research, probiotics can probably be used as a new strategy in a wide range of medicinal products. The goals of prevention or improvement of treatment methods were used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Effect of Supplementary Irrigation and Foliar Application of Zinc Sulfate on Seed Yield and its Components of Chickpea in Arak, Iran
V. Borzabadi I. FarahaniTo consider supplementary irrigation and application of different level of Zinc sulfate on yield and yield components and some physiological traits of chickpea c.v. "Hashem", this research was This study carried out in a split plot experiment based on randomized complet MoreTo consider supplementary irrigation and application of different level of Zinc sulfate on yield and yield components and some physiological traits of chickpea c.v. "Hashem", this research was This study carried out in a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with four replications at the Research Farm of the Islamic Azad University of Arak.. Treatments applied consisted of two levels (supplementary irrigation and rain-fed condition) and three rates of the foliar zinc sulfate application (12, 24 and 36 grams). Results showed that the effects of supplementary irrigation and foliar application of fertilize grams/liter on seed yield and biological yield were significant at 1% level of probability. Highest seed yield (567.2 kg/ha) was obtained from applying supplementary irrigation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Effect of Zinc Sulfate and Ascorbic Acid on some Morpho-Physiological Traits of Echinacea purpurea (Purple coneflower) under Water Deficit Conditions
فرهاد Farahvash B. Mirshekari M. Farzaniyan A.H. Hoseainzadeh-MoghbeliTo quantify the response of some morpho-physiological traits of Echinacea purpurea to thr application of zinc sulfate and ascorbic acid under water deficit, an experiment was carried out in split plot factorial based on RCBD with three replications at the Agricultural R MoreTo quantify the response of some morpho-physiological traits of Echinacea purpurea to thr application of zinc sulfate and ascorbic acid under water deficit, an experiment was carried out in split plot factorial based on RCBD with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch in 2011-12. Experimental factors consisted of water stress as the main factor with three levels (irrigation after70mm evaporation, irrigation after120mm evaporation and irrigation after 170mm evaporation from class A pan), Secondary factor consisted of: application of microelement with two levels (control and application of zinc sulfate 0.005 concentration) and ascorbic acid with four levels (not application, application of 50 mg/l of ascorbic acid, application of 100 mg/l of ascorbic acid and application of 150 mg/l of ascorbic acid). The results showed that the effect of water deficit on purple coneflower caused significant differences in diameter of stem, number of flowering branch, stomata density, zinc concentration of aerial parts plant, fresh weight, relative water content of leaf, LAI, proline concentration, crop growth rate, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate. Comparison of means for water deficits between the different levels of drought stress showed that the maximum LAI, with 2.85, belonged to control. Comparison of means for interaction effects between drought stress and application of zinc sulfate revealed that the maximum proline concentration belonged to spraying plants with zinc sulfate at irrigation after 170mm evaporation from class A pan with 10.16 mg/g.fw. Minimum proline concentration was due to without applying zinc sulfate in complete irrigation (control) with 0.08 mg/g.fw. Maximum crop growth rate with 6.77 g/m2.day was was related to control and the minimum, with 4.16 g/m2.day, to irrigation after 170mm. Maximum relative crop growth rate, with 0.19 g/m2.day, belonged to control and the minimum, with 0.14 g/m2.day, to irrigation after 170mm. Maximum net assimilation rate, with 2.64 g/m2.day, belonged to control and the minimum, with 1.91 g/m2.day, to irrigation after 170mm. The results indicated that application of ascorbic acid, as an antioxidant, may decrease the harmful effects of drought stress on some traits (NAR, CGR, RGR, and RWC) of purple coneflower. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The Effect of Nitrogen and Zinc Levels on Essential Oil Yield and some Morphological Traits of Hypericum perforatums
M.R. Zadeh Esfahlan A. Ebadi N. Farsad AkhtarTo study the effects of nitrogen and zinc fertilizer on the morphological traits and essential oil yield of St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) a greenhouse experiment in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at Univ MoreTo study the effects of nitrogen and zinc fertilizer on the morphological traits and essential oil yield of St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) a greenhouse experiment in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at University of Tabriz, Iran in 2012. Treatments consisted of three levels of zinc sulphate with a concentration of zinc fertilizer (zero, 3 and 6 parts per thousand) and four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (zero, 50, 100, 150 kg/ha). One half of the fertilizers were applied 20 days after planting of plants and the rest 40 days after transplanting. Traits evaluated were plant height, inflorescence number, leaf area, plant fresh and dry weights and plant essential oil content. The results showed that the traits under study were affected by rate of fertilizer applications. Highest plant height, number of inflorescences, leaf area and essential oil yield were obtained by using 150 kg/ha of nitrogen and applying zinc with 0.006 concentration. Highest fresh and dry weights of above ground parts were also produced by using 150 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer along with zinc fertilizer 0.003. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - The Effect of Different Types and Amounts of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Canola (Brassica napus L. Hayola50) and Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L. Local white) Yield and Yield Components and Land Equality Ratio in Intercropping at Fasa Region
Samad Rezayat Mohammad Rahim Owji Farhad Mohajeri Mehdi MadandousdIn recent years, researchers have increasingly focused on maintaining the stability and fertility of agricultural production systems. One of the ways to increase stability is to create diversity through the use of multi-culture systems. In order to investigate the yield MoreIn recent years, researchers have increasingly focused on maintaining the stability and fertility of agricultural production systems. One of the ways to increase stability is to create diversity through the use of multi-culture systems. In order to investigate the yield of Canola and Chickpeas in different cultivation ratios with different types and amounts of nitrogen fertilizer in Fasa region, an experiment was performed on 2018-2019 as factorial in complete randomized block design with three replications in the research farm of Dastjeh, Fasa region. Factors included the ratio of planting peas and canola in 5 levels: 0-100, 25-75, 50-50, 75-25 and 100-0, respectively, pea-canola and type and the amount of nitrogen fertilizers at 6 levels including urea 140 kg.ha-1 urea 120 kg ha-1, urea 100 kg ha-1, ammonium sulfate 140 kg.ha-1, ammonium sulfate 120 kg.ha-1, sulfate Ammonium 100 kg.ha1. The results showed that different planting ratios had a significant effect on canola and pea yield. Increasing the ratio of chickpeas in mixed with canola and rapeseed in mixed with chickpea cultivation significantly reduced their yield compared to their net cultivation. The highest yield of canola and chickpeas with 2240.1 kg.ha-1 and 2155.75 kg.ha-1 in net cultivation of canola and chickpeas and the lowest yield of rapeseed and chickpeas with the average of 1548.06 and 1187.3 kg.ha-1, respectively, were obtained in Planting ratios of 25-75 and 75-25 (canola-chickpeas). Comparing ammonium sulfate and urea to increase canola yield, the results showed that ammonium sulfate increased canola yield more than urea. The ratio of land equivalent ratio (LER) in all mixed planting ratios under different levels of nitrogen fertilizer increased compared to a single cropping (LER> 1). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Evaluation of Root Growth Dynamics and Yield Components of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) Cultivars by Changing Phosphorus and Zinc Levels
Anise Jorfi Mojtaba Alavifazel Abdolali Gilani Mohammad Reza Ardakani Shahram LackProper distribution of plant root facilitates the uptake of nutrients and improves crop yields. This study aims to evaluate the root and shoot structure of quinoa cultivars in response to the application of phosphorus and zinc in the Research, Agricultural Education and MoreProper distribution of plant root facilitates the uptake of nutrients and improves crop yields. This study aims to evaluate the root and shoot structure of quinoa cultivars in response to the application of phosphorus and zinc in the Research, Agricultural Education and Natural Resources Center of Khuzestan province in a factorial design with three factors including the use of triple superphosphate fertilizer at four levels (0, 6, 12, 18 mg.kg-1 soil weight), foliar application of zinc sulfate in three amounts (water without zinc sulfate (control), foliar application at 4 and 8 per thousand concentrations) and three quinoa cultivars (Giza 1, Q26, Titicaca) were performed in pot and in three replications. The results showed that root parameters such as root dry weight, root width, root diameter, distance from the first branch to the tip root, and the weight ratio of root to shoot were affected by phosphorus fertilizer levels and quinoa cultivars (P≤0.01) and foliar application of zinc sulfate had a significant effect only on root dry weight, root width, distance from the first branch to the root tip, root density, root weight to shoot weight, and aerial part parameters. Q26 cultivar was identified as the best cultivar in terms of root structure development, which at 18 mg.kg-1 phosphorus levels and 4 per thousand zinc sulfate concentration had a maximum root dry weight (3.23 g.plant-1), root width (18.06 cm) and distance from the first branch to the root tip (53.23). At these levels of element consumption, the highest number of grains per plant (4542) were obtained in cultivar Q26. Based on the experiment results, the optimal level of elements by reducing antagonistic effects and increasing synergistic effects of P and ZnSO4 led to the root structure development, improved element uptake and increased production components of quinoa cultivars. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - The Effect of Foliar Application of Manganese Sulfate on Some Physiological Characteristics and Grain Yield of Wheat under Different Irrigation Regimes
farhad farahvash Fatemeh Hashemzade Farshad SorkhilaleloTo study the effects of spraying manganese sulfate on some physiological characteristics and seed yield of tetraploid and hexaploid varieties of wheat under different irrigation regimes a factorial split plot experiment based on completely randomized design with three r MoreTo study the effects of spraying manganese sulfate on some physiological characteristics and seed yield of tetraploid and hexaploid varieties of wheat under different irrigation regimes a factorial split plot experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was conducted at the Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Iran, in the fall of 2013. Irrigation regimes were considered as main factor in three levels, including irrigation at every 7 days (control), cutting off of irrigation at stem elongation (code 30 scale Zadoks) and cutting off of irrigation at booting stage (code 45 scale Zadoks), manganese sulfate fertilizer as sub factor including not spraying, spraying with 50% and 100% concentrations of recommended rate based on soil analysis (with 0.005 concentration) and sub sub factor in four levels, including two levels of each hexaploid (Pishgam and Alvand) and tetraploid (Cheheldaneh and Saji) wheats. The results showed that irrigation regimes significantly affected translocation of dry matter of flag leaf internode, leaf relative water content, duration and rate of seed filling, leaf proline content, water use efficiency and seed yield. Cutting off of irrigation at both stages and also not spraying of manganese sulfate reduced seed yield, rate and duration of seed filling.Cutting off of irrigation at stem elongation stage reduced leaf relative water content (by 33%) as compared to control treatment. Also, cutting off of irrigation increased praline content of leaf, cutting off of irrigation at stem elongation stage increased amount of leaf proline content from 5.35 to 8.34 micro moles per gram. Irrigation at 7 day intervals increased seed filling duration in comparison of cutting irrigation, by 36 days. The highest water use efficiency (0.0018 kg/m3) with total volume water use (2.4 m3) was achieved with the irrigation at 7 day intervals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Variation Trend of Leaf Area Index, Yield and Yield Components of Green Beans (Phaseolous vulgaris L.) by Using Zinc Sulfate and Nitrogen
Sh. Lack M. Kermanshahi H. NoryaniProper nutrition of plant is one of the most important factors to improve both quality and quantiy of crop yields. Accordingly, the effect of different levels of zinc and nitrogen on leaf area index, yield and yield components of green beans investigated in the summer o MoreProper nutrition of plant is one of the most important factors to improve both quality and quantiy of crop yields. Accordingly, the effect of different levels of zinc and nitrogen on leaf area index, yield and yield components of green beans investigated in the summer of 2012. The experiment used was a split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications in the Dezful. In this study, the main plots consisted of four nitrogen rates of urea (0, 30, 60 and 90 kgha-1), and sub plots of four levels of zinc sulfate (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg.ha-1). The results showed that application of 90 N kg.ha-1 increased leaf area index, plant dry matter, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index and protein content. Use of zinc sulfate at the rate of 20 kg.ha-1 was superior in grain yield and yield components. The highest leaf area index, grain and biological yields harvest index and protein content were achieved by application of 90 kg nitrogen and 20 kg of zinc sulfate per hectare. It seems that the use of zinc with appropriate rates, through its involvement in physiological processes and nitrogen metabolism in plants as an essential element, accelerates green beans growth processes and increases green bean yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - The removal of Tartrazine dye by modified Alumina with sodium dodecyl sulfate from aqueous solutions: equilibrium and thermodynamic studies
A. Parchebaf Jadid S. Sadeghi Edible colors are materials which in the case of adding to food and drinks cause transferring color to them. Most of these colors are not acceptable in terms of applying in human food and underlies various diseases like gastrointestinal disorders, renal, liver an More Edible colors are materials which in the case of adding to food and drinks cause transferring color to them. Most of these colors are not acceptable in terms of applying in human food and underlies various diseases like gastrointestinal disorders, renal, liver and blood toxicity. The goal of this study was investigating the efficiency of improved alumina by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in eliminating Tartrazine from aqueous environments. In this research, the impact of effective parameters such as initial concentration of Tartrazine, time, pH, alumina dose and SDS value were studied in order to approach an optimal condition for eliminating the color. Also, absorption behavior was evaluated by Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The highest efficiency of Tartrazine elimination in the solution resulted in optimal pH of 2, the amount of adsorbent 1.5 g/L, 16 min duration and value 0.04 SDS g/l which was obtained for dye concentration 5 mg/L about 94.13%. Also, results suggested that Tartrazine absorption follows Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.9867). Obtained results from thermodynamic studies such as Gibbs free energy (-5.728 Kj/mol) and enthalpy (-85.86 Kj/mol) and entropy (-271.102 J/mol.K) also suggested that the absorption process was exothermic. The results of this research suggested that improved alumina by sodium dodecyl sulfate had a relative good capability in Tartrazine elimination from aqueous environments. Thus Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Effect of magnesium sulfate on letrozole-induced oxidative stress in ovarian tissue of adult female Wistar rats
Zahra Aslahnezhad Akram Eidi Pejman Mortazavi Shahrbanoo OryanBackground and Purpose: Magnesium is the fourth most abundant cation and the second most abundant intracellular cation in the human body. Magnesium is involved in many essential physiological functions. It is a co-factor for over 300 enzymatic reactions, many of which i MoreBackground and Purpose: Magnesium is the fourth most abundant cation and the second most abundant intracellular cation in the human body. Magnesium is involved in many essential physiological functions. It is a co-factor for over 300 enzymatic reactions, many of which involve generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), it regulates transmembrane transport of other ions, including calcium and potassium, and stabilizes secondary structures of DNA and RNA. Consequently, magnesium is essential for muscle contraction and relaxation, cardiac rhythm, vascular tone, neurological function, and cell proliferation. Magnesium is required for cell proliferation, cellular energy production, mineral metabolism, bone development, and glucose homeostasis. Nutrition surveys in North America indicate that magnesium consumption is below recommended intakes for a large segment of the population. Furthermore, diseases such as type 2 diabetes and use of certain medications can increase magnesium loss and predispose individuals to magnesium deficiency. The low magnesium intakes in comparison to current recommendations combined with the high prevalence of factors that can increase magnesium requirements raise a concern about widespread Mg deficiency. Biochemical data lend further support. Hypomagnesemia exists in the general population and the incidence is high in certain subpopulations. Since magnesium is required for many enzymatic reactions, Magnesium deficiency can presumably affect numerous physiological processes. Some studies have reported changes in body composition with dietary magnesium restriction. In rats, maternal and postnatal feeding of a magnesium-deficient diet decreased body weight, lean body mass, and fat-free mass and increased percentage body fat in the offspring. In contrast, body weight, fat mass, and lean mass were similar in rats fed a high-fat diet containing normal or low magnesium beginning after weaning. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrinological disorder in reproductive-age women and is often associated with metabolic syndrome. Evidence suggests that oxidative stress and low degrees of chronic inflammation play an important role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. PCOS is the most common endocrine disorder in premenopausal women. PCOS is a common and multifactorial disease that affects approximately 4-18% of all reproductive-aged women in the world. In the clinic, hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance appear to be the major etiological drivers for reproductive and metabolic abnormalities in women with PCOS. While it is believed that anovulation is the main reason for infertility in PCOS patients, accumulating evidence from clinical studies also indicates that the impairment of endometrial function likely causes recurrent pregnancy loss, premature delivery, endometrial hyperplasia, and carcinoma in women with PCOS. Additionally, several lines of evidence suggest that the systemic low-grade inflammation that often coincides with PCOS compromises multiple aspects of fertility. A deficiency in the activity of aromatase was one reasonable intraovarian disturbance in steroidogenesis thought to cause PCOS. Because aromatase catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of oestrogens from androgens, a decrease in the activity of this enzyme could be expected to result in increased ovarian androgen production and development of PCOS. The purpose of this study, the effect of magnesium sulfate on letrozole-induced oxidative stress was investigated in ovarian tissue of adult female Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, a total of 36 female rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 6: The normal control group (intact), the healthy experimental group (magnesium sulfate 100 mg/kg body weight, gavage), ovarian damage control group (letrozole 1 mg/kg body weight, gavage), ovarian damage experimental group (magnesium sulfate 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight together letrozole). The animals were euthanized 24 h after the last dose of the treatment on day 31. Ovaries were immediately obtained after the animals were sacrificed. The ovaries were homogenized and centrifuged. The supernatant was used to assay the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in ovarian tissue were investigated. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey test. The criterion was significant (p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Comparison of apoptosis in canine transmissible veneral tumor (TVT) pre and post chemotraoy with vincristine sulphate
یوسف Doustar داریوش Mohajeri رامین Kafash ElahiThe canine transmissible veneral tumor (CTVT) is a prevalent tumor in canidae. It is transmitted by coitus, forming multiple neoplastic masses on the external genitalia of both sexes within the family canidae. CTVT have an aberrant karyotype and the origin of the neopla MoreThe canine transmissible veneral tumor (CTVT) is a prevalent tumor in canidae. It is transmitted by coitus, forming multiple neoplastic masses on the external genitalia of both sexes within the family canidae. CTVT have an aberrant karyotype and the origin of the neoplastic cells is undetermined but immunophenotyping suggests that the tumor has a histocytic origin. In this study 10 dogs with canine transmissible veneral tumor were selected and received vincristine sulphate (0.025 mg/kg/b.w) chemotrapy to induce apoptosis in neoplastic cells. Biopsy specimens were collected from tumors during the growth phase, before and again after chemotherapy from the same dogs. The specimens were fixed in 10% formalin and then prepared routinely for H&E and TUNEL assays. Histopathological study of tissue section of CTVT before chemotherapy revealed sheets of uniform neoplastic cells, round to oval in shape with defined cytoplasmic border. There were a few TUNEL positive cells and mitotic figures. In tumor specimens after chemotherapy increased TUNEL positive cells and depilation of neoplastic cells in stroma of tumor were observed. Mean deference of histopathological changes and TUNEL positive cells before and after chemotherapy were significant (p<0.003). This study indicates that vincristine sulphate is capable of induction of apoptosis in neoplastic cells of CTVT. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - تأثیر اسمو و هیدروپرایمینگ و قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی بر شاخصهای جوانهزنی عدس (Lense culinaris L.)
رهام محتشمی -
Open Access Article
33 - تأثیر نانو اکسیدروی و سولفاتروی بر جوانهزنی بذر برنج
احمد رمضانی -
Open Access Article
34 - The effect of potassium on the yield and concentrations of microelements in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) under drought stress
seyed morteza zahedi Farzad Rasoli Gholamreza GohariIn order to study the effect of drought stress and application of potassium on seed yield, some biochemical characteristics, and the content of micronutrients such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) in cowpea, a factorial experiment was carried out in randomiz MoreIn order to study the effect of drought stress and application of potassium on seed yield, some biochemical characteristics, and the content of micronutrients such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) in cowpea, a factorial experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design with three replications in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Iran in 2016. Treatments were water stress at two levels (normal or 100% and 50% field capacity) as the first factor and potassium at five levels (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 mg/kg) as the second factor. Results showed that drought stress reduced the growth parameters and the concentration of the elements in plants while application of different levels of potassium increased shoot dry weight, yield, and carbohydrate by adjusting the effects of drought stress. Also, application of 120 mg potassium in stress conditions caused an increase in the concentration of Cu, Zn and, Mn. Findings seem to suggest that potassium improves growth characteristics in cowpea by decreasing the undesirable consequences of drought stress. Therefore, application of potassium sulfate is recommended as a strategy to mitigate the effects of draught stress in cultivation of cowpea. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - The effect of zinc sulfate and gibberellic acid on gas exchange and white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)performance under drought stress
Arefe Abbasi Abbas Maleki Farzad Babaei Hossmand Safari Alireza RanginDrought stress is one of the main factors in reducing the usefulness of various plants, especially legumes, so it is necessary to use methods that can reduce the effects of stress on the plant. In order to investigate the effect of zinc and gibberellin on the biochemica MoreDrought stress is one of the main factors in reducing the usefulness of various plants, especially legumes, so it is necessary to use methods that can reduce the effects of stress on the plant. In order to investigate the effect of zinc and gibberellin on the biochemical and physiological characteristics of white beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in drought stress conditions, an experiment in the form of double-plotted plot with a randomized complete block with three replications in two locations (Islamabad West Research Station). Kermanshah province, and Khorramabad research station in Lorestan province. Experimental factors include irrigation at 3 levels of 60, 90 and 120 mm evaporation from Class A evaporation pan as the main plot, zinc sulfate solution at 4 levels 0, 1.5, 3.5 and 4.5 ml/liter and 2 levels Gibberellin spraying and spraying were used as sub-plots. Data analysis and comparison of average data by Duncan's method was performed at 5% level by SPSS software. The results showed that the main effect of drought stress and zinc sulfate foliar application was significant on all traits, and the main effect of gibberellin foliar application on all traits was significant except for yield and transpiration rate. The interaction of zinc sulfate, stress and gibberellin had all significant properties. The highest grain yield was related to normal irrigation treatment and consumption of 4.5 ml/l of zinc at, which differed from the treatment of moderate stress and consumption of 1.5 ml/l of zinc and the use of gibberellin. It did not make much sense. The lowest grain yield in the severe stress treatment and the use of 3.5 milliliters per liter on the gibberellin spray solution. In general, seed yield increased both in drought stress and non-stress conditions, so according to the results, it is recommended to consume 4.5 ml/l of zinc sulfate and Gibberellin foliar application to reduce the effects of drought stress on bean cultivation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - اثر غلظتهای مختلف سولفات منگنز بر روی برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی در گیاه آفتابگردان
سونیا ترابی رمضانعلی خاوری نژاد فرزانه نجفی -
Open Access Article
37 - The effect of sulphate on amount of pigments photosynthesis and activity of catalase,peroxidase and nitrate reductase in leaf and root of canola (Brassica napus L. cv Hyola 401)
Maryam Niakan Mohammad hossain Mohammadi Vali ollah Rameah Abbas ali NouriniaIn this research, the effect of different amounts of ammonium sulphate as sulphate fertilizer in 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 Kg/ha under farm conditions on amount of chlorophyll a, b, carotene and xanthophyll and enzymes activity of catalase, peroxidase and nitrate reductase w MoreIn this research, the effect of different amounts of ammonium sulphate as sulphate fertilizer in 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 Kg/ha under farm conditions on amount of chlorophyll a, b, carotene and xanthophyll and enzymes activity of catalase, peroxidase and nitrate reductase were evaluated. The results showed that increasing of ammounium sulphate content were ncreased amount of chl a, b, carotene and xanthophyll in leaf of canola significantly. Peroxidase and nitrate reductase activities in root of treated plants increased with increasing of sulphate in soil, while the activity of catalase in two parts of canola (root and leaf) did not have any significantly changes at different contents of sulfur in soils. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - The Effect of Oxidative Stress on Proteomics of Listeria monocytogenes PTCC 1297
Samaneh Kazemi Manoosh ZandehdelListeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous Gram-positive food-borne human bacterial pathogen that can cause listeriosis. This disease is fatal with a high rate of hospitalization (>90%). This study aims to determine the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on L. monocytoge MoreListeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous Gram-positive food-borne human bacterial pathogen that can cause listeriosis. This disease is fatal with a high rate of hospitalization (>90%). This study aims to determine the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on L. monocytogenes PTCC 1297 proteomics. Bacterial cells exposed to gradually increasing sub-lethal concentrations of oxidative stress: 0.06, 0.3, 0.6, and 1.5 % of H2O2. Changes in the protein profile of cells exposed to H2O2 and control (non-adapted cells) were determined by isoelectric focusing (IEF) and sodium dodecyl sulfate– polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Protein spots are visualized by staining with colloidal Coomassie Brilliant Blue. Based on the obtained results, one thousand four hundred spots were identified on the gels. Out of these points, 85 spots were reproducibly detected with the help of software and eye confirmation. After analyzing these points, 9 spots showed the most significant changes. These points had appropriate density and indicated the response of bacteria to stress conditions. It can be concluded that the structure of the proteome of L. monocytogenes PTCC 1297 changes when faced with oxidative stress. Nine protein spots on the gel were found to have substantial variations after protein spot analysis. These sites show how bacteria react under stress. Some of these spots' expressions had increased, while others had decreased. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - تأثیر اسمو و هیدروپرایمینگ و قطع آبیاری در مرحله گلدهی بر شاخصهای جوانهزنی عدس (Lense culinaris L.)
رهام محتشمی -
Open Access Article
40 - تأثیر نانو اکسیدروی و سولفاتروی بر جوانهزنی بذر برنج
احمد رمضانی -
Open Access Article
41 - Bactericidal effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on some foodborne pathogens in ambient and refrigerator temperature
Siavash Maktabi Mehdi Zarei Roya RostamiSodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is one of the strong alkaline sulfates germicidal which is used in health and beauty purposes. In this study, the effect of minimum bactericidal concentration of SDS on 4 major foodborne pathogens including Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi MoreSodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is one of the strong alkaline sulfates germicidal which is used in health and beauty purposes. In this study, the effect of minimum bactericidal concentration of SDS on 4 major foodborne pathogens including Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes in normal saline was studied. Different concentration of SDS was made and based on standard methods the level of MIC and MBC for all strains was measured. Then the least bactericidal concentration of SDS on viability of strains in 4 and 25°C in different time's periods was studied. MIC and MBC results showed that E. coli and S. typhimurium have a similar sensitivity to SDS; meanwhile L. monocytogenes is so sensitive to SDS among the studied strains. The rate of viability of the strains is much higher in cold condition than in ambient temperature. SDS has an effective role in reducing the population of studied bacteria in different temperatures and time. Raising the temperature increases the antibacterial effect of the SDS. Also Listeria monocytogenes is very more sensitive to SDS in comparison to other studied bacteria. So according to the results of the study, sodium dodecyl sulfate could be useful for reducing population of pathogenic bacteria especially Listeria monocytogenes on surfaces, foodstuffs and equipment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Production of beta-galactosidase from whey using Kluyveromyces marxianus
nahid ebrahimi Fatemeh NejatiBeta-galactosidase is one of the most important industrial enzymes capable of decomposing lactose into glucose and fructose. In this study, two strains of Kluyveromyces marxianus (GY101 and BY101) were investigated for the production of the β-galactosidase from whe MoreBeta-galactosidase is one of the most important industrial enzymes capable of decomposing lactose into glucose and fructose. In this study, two strains of Kluyveromyces marxianus (GY101 and BY101) were investigated for the production of the β-galactosidase from whey as a culture media. Whey was inoculated with each strain and examined for enzyme production with aeration at 100 rpm for 144 hours. In order to increase the enzyme production, the effect of adding yeast extract (0.2 and 0.5%), magnesium sulfate (0.5%) and manganese sulfate (0.5%) at 24, 48, 96, 120 and 144 hours at 30°C and 37°C were investigated and the enzyme activity was measured. The highest enzyme production after 144 hours at 30°C with GY101 and BY101 strains by adding yeast extract (0.5%) were 2.25 and 2.18 U/ml, and with magnesium sulfate added 2.12 and 1.94 U/ml, respectively. According to the results of this study, whey cheese is an appropriate environment for the production of the β-galactosidase enzyme using Kluyveromyces marxianus with the presence of yeast extract and magnesium and manganese sulfate as supplements. The best temperature for the production of the enzyme in both strains was 30°C, and the addition of mineral supplements and yeast extract had a positive effect on the production of β-galactosidase. While the GY101 strain was more suitable than BY101 and magnesium sulfate was more suitable than manganese sulfate, and the enzyme activity increased with increasing yeast extract concentration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - تأثیر مکملهای سولفات مس و آرژنین بر عملکرد و خصوصیات لاشه در جوجههای گوشتی تغذیه شده با جیرههای بر پایه کنجاله کانولا
ص. عظیمی یوالاری پ. فرهومند پ. باغبان کنعانی ب. حسینتبار قاسمآبادهدف از این آزمایش بررسی اثرات سولفات مس (0، 125 و 250 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم)، مکمل آرژنین (0، 1/0 و 2/0 درصد) و محتوی گلوکوزینولات بر عملکرد و خصوصیات لاشه در جوجه­های گوشتی تغذیه شده با جیره­های بر پایه کنجاله کانولا بود. آزمایش به شکل آزمون فاکتوریل 3 × 3 Moreهدف از این آزمایش بررسی اثرات سولفات مس (0، 125 و 250 میلیگرم در کیلوگرم)، مکمل آرژنین (0، 1/0 و 2/0 درصد) و محتوی گلوکوزینولات بر عملکرد و خصوصیات لاشه در جوجه­های گوشتی تغذیه شده با جیره­های بر پایه کنجاله کانولا بود. آزمایش به شکل آزمون فاکتوریل 3 × 3 در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 405 قطعه جوجه­ گوشتی نر در یک دوره­ 3 هفته­ای (42-22 روزگی) انجام گرفت. میانگین افزایش وزن بدن و ضریب تبدیل خوراک تحت تأثیر سطح 250 میلی­گرم در کیلو­گرم مس قرار گرفت (05/0>P). عمل­آوری کنجاله کانولا با مس (01/0>P) و افزودن سطح 2/0 درصد آرژنین (05/0>P) به جیره به طور معنی­داری وزن سینه را افزایش داد. همچنین، وزن نسبی ران نیز به طور معنی­داری تحت تأثیر سطح 250 میلی­گرم در کیلوگرم مس و 2/0 درصد آرژنین قرار گرفت (05/0>P). مکمل­سازی سطح 2/0 درصد آرژنین باعث کاهش چربی حفره شکمی (01/0>P)، وزن شش­ها (05/0>P) و بالعکس افزایش وزن دوازدهه (05/0>P) و ژژنوم (01/0>P) گردید. پایین­ترین وزن سکوم در جوجه­های تغذیه شده با جیره­های بر پایه کنجاله کانولا عمل­آوری شده با سطح 250 میلی­گرم در کیلو­گرم مس مشاهده شد (05/0>P). به طور کلی نتایج این آزمایش نشان داد که عملآوری کنجاله کانولا با مس می­تواند باعث کاهش اثرات مضر گلوکوزینولات­ها بر عملکرد جوجه­های گوشتی گردد. علاوه بر این، افزودن سطح 2/0 درصد آرژنین می­تواند باعث تغییر تقسیم­بندی انرژی به سمت ذخیره پروتئین و کاهش چربی محوطه بطنی گردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - بررسی اثر جایگزینی مکمل سولفات آهن با نانوذرات هیدروژن فسفات آهن بر عملکرد، خصوصیات لاشه و میزان ذخیره آهن بافت جوجههای گوشتی
M.A. Behroozlak م. دانشیار پ. فرهومند ع. نیکوآزمایشی به منظور مقایسه اثرات نانوذرات هیدروژن فسفات آهن (FeHPO4-nanoparticles) با سولفات آهن (FeSO4.7H2O) بر عملکرد، خصوصیات لاشه و میزان ماده معدنی ماهیچه سینه جوجه­های گوشتی انجام گرفت. در این آزمایش، تعداد 200 قطعه جوجه خروس گوشتی یکروزه سویه راس به طور تصادفی ب Moreآزمایشی به منظور مقایسه اثرات نانوذرات هیدروژن فسفات آهن (FeHPO4-nanoparticles) با سولفات آهن (FeSO4.7H2O) بر عملکرد، خصوصیات لاشه و میزان ماده معدنی ماهیچه سینه جوجه­های گوشتی انجام گرفت. در این آزمایش، تعداد 200 قطعه جوجه خروس گوشتی یکروزه سویه راس به طور تصادفی به 4 گروه آزمایشی با 5 تکرار و 10 پرنده در هر تکرار اختصاص یافتند. میزان آهن موجود در جیره پایه (ذرت-کنجاله سویا) در 3 دوره آزمایشی آغازین، رشد و پایانی به ترتیب 40/87، 13/85 و 24/82 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم بودند. گروه­های آزمایشی تغذیه­ای شامل: 1- جیره پایه + 80 میلی­گرم سولفات آهن (گروه شاهد) 2- جیره پایه + 4/6 میلی­گرم نانوذرات هیدروژن فسفات آهن 3- جیره پایه + 2/3 میلی­گرم نانوذرات هیدروژن فسفات آهن و 4- جیره پایه + 6/1 میلی­گرم نانوذرات هیدروژن فسفات آهن بودند که از سن 1 تا 42 روزگی مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که جیره­های آزمایشی تأثیر معنی­داری بر صفات عملکردی میانگین مصرف خوراک روزانه، میانگین افزایش وزن روزانه، ضریب تبدیل خوراک، درصد تلفات و شاخص تولید اروپایی نداشتند (05/0P>). افزودن نانوذرات هیدروژن فسفات آهن به جیره پایه در گروه آزمایشی دوم، وزن نسبی چربی محوطه بطنی را در مقایسه با گروه شاهد به طور معنی­داری کاهش داد (04/0=P). همچنین با افزودن نانوذرات هیدروژن فسفات آهن در گروه آزمایشی سوم، پاسخ­های رگرسیون درجه سوم (05/0=P) و درجه دوم (02/0=P) به ترتیب در مورد بازده لاشه و وزن نسبی کبد مشاهده گردید. پرندگان تغذیه شده با نانوذرات هیدروژن فسفات آهن در گروه­های آزمایشی دوم و سوم در مقایسه با پرندگان دریافتکننده­ جیره حاوی 80 میلی­گرم سولفات آهن، میزان آهن و مس بیشتری در ماهیچه سینه داشتند (05/0>P). هیچ تفاوت معنی­داری در بین گروه­های آزمایشی برای میزان روی گوشت سینه مشاهد نشد (05/0P>). نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که جایگزینی مکمل سولفات آهن با نانوذرات هیدروژن فسفات آهن بر عملکرد پرندگان تأثیرگذار نبود ولی توانست میزان آهن موجود در گوشت سینه جوجه­های گوشتی را به طور معنی­داری افزایش دهد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - بررسی رشد کاج مطبق (Araucaria excelsa L.) در چند روش مختلف کود دهی
Shirin Seyed Nasir Hosein Nikfarjamیکی از مشکلات اساسی کشت گیاهان زینتی، فقدان یک برنامه علمی و کاربردی کود دهی است و تغذیه گیاه معطوف به بستر کشت است. یک طرح کاملا تصادفی برای بررسی 8 روش مختلف کود دهی با استفاده از کودهای سولفات آمونیوم، سولفات پتاسیم، دیآمونیوم فسفات، فریلن و کریستالون در گلخانهای د Moreیکی از مشکلات اساسی کشت گیاهان زینتی، فقدان یک برنامه علمی و کاربردی کود دهی است و تغذیه گیاه معطوف به بستر کشت است. یک طرح کاملا تصادفی برای بررسی 8 روش مختلف کود دهی با استفاده از کودهای سولفات آمونیوم، سولفات پتاسیم، دیآمونیوم فسفات، فریلن و کریستالون در گلخانهای در چابکسر گیلان طراحی و اجرا شد. صفاتی که اندازهگیری شدند شامل ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخههای جانبی، تعداد طبقات و فاصله آنها، وزن تر و خشک ریشه و ساقه و وزن کل بود. نتایج نشان داد که رشد گیاه در تیمار محلولپاشی فریلن و کریستالون با غلظت یک در هزار به تعداد سه مرتبه افزایش معنیداری نسبت به تیمارهای دیگر داشت. شرایط رشد گیاه در تیمار مصرف پایه کودهای سولفات آمونیوم، سولفات پتاسیم و دیآمونیوم سولفات به ترتیب به مقدار 2، 1 و 5/0 گرم در هر گلدان، مشابه تیمار فریلن و کریستالون بود. در کل بهترین رشد گیاه در تیمار سه مرتبه محلولپاشی فریلن و کریستالون به دست آمد. Manuscript profile -
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46 - اثر تیمار پالس و انبار سرد و مرطوب روی کیفیت و عمر گلجایی گل شاخه بریده گلایل رقم ’فادو‘
جودیت کاوولانی کور مریم ماونگی کاروری امباثیا استفنگلکاری در بین 10 تجارت اول خارجی کنیا است. گلایل یکی از 4 گل بریده مشهور در دنیاست که محبوبیت زیادی به­ خاطر تحمل گرما و شکل­ و رنگ ­های متنوع دارد. البته ماهیت فسادپذیری و زوال در این گل، باعث کاهش عمر پس از برداشت آن شده است. هدف آزمایش ارزیابی اثر تیمار پ Moreگلکاری در بین 10 تجارت اول خارجی کنیا است. گلایل یکی از 4 گل بریده مشهور در دنیاست که محبوبیت زیادی به­ خاطر تحمل گرما و شکل­ و رنگ ­های متنوع دارد. البته ماهیت فسادپذیری و زوال در این گل، باعث کاهش عمر پس از برداشت آن شده است. هدف آزمایش ارزیابی اثر تیمار پالس 600 میلی­ گرم در لیتر 8-هیدروکسی کینولین سولفات همراه با 5 درصد ساکارز قبل از انبار سرد مرطوب (0-5 روز) روی کیفیت و عمر گلجایی گل شاخه بریده گلایل رقم ’فادو‘ در مقایسه با شاهد (آب مقطر) است. کاشت پداژه­های گلایل در مزرعه آموزشی و تحقیقاتی باغبانی در گروه تولیدات گیاهی باغبانی و خاکشناسی دانشگاه اگرتون در کنیا انجام شد. آزمایش در 2 فصل اجرا شد. یک آزمایش 2 تا 6 عاملی بر پایه طرح کاملا تصادفی با 4 تکرار طراحی شد. مدل Pro GLM به شکل تجزیه واریانس دو مرحله­ ای و آزمون مقایسه میانگین توکی در سطح آماری 5 درصد استفاده شد. تیمار پالس اثرات معنی ­داری روی پارامترهای کیفی گلایل نسبت به شاهد مثل: وزن تر (7934/0 ± 214/82 گرم)؛ وزن خشک (P=0.0272) داشت. اثر متقابل پالس و انبار سرد مرطوب باعث حداکثر عمر گلجایی (287/0 ± 5/11 روز) و گلچه ­های باز (15/0 ± 11) شد. بیشترین جوانه باز نشده (212/0 ±18/5) در گیاهان شاهد ثبت شد. این گیاهان کمترین جذب آب (26/0 ±87/23 میلی­لیتر) را در مقایسه با پالس و انبار سرد (193/0 ± 98/31 میلی­لیتر) داشتند. گل­ های تیمار پالس در انبار سرد کیفیت خود را تا 4 روز حفظ کردند. داده­ های این آزمایش بیان می­دارند که این تکنولوژی می­تواند کیفیت و ارزش تجاری این گل ­ها را بهبود ببخشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - The effects of different concentrations of CaCL2 and MgSO4 on histological-cellular variation of microtubers in Solanum tuberosum In vitro conditions
zahra zare Alireza Iranbakhsh Mostafa EbadiThe potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important agricultural plants in the world. It is propagated predominantly by asexual methods. The traditional methods for asexual propagation of the plant faced important problems. Therefore, the seed tubers can be r MoreThe potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important agricultural plants in the world. It is propagated predominantly by asexual methods. The traditional methods for asexual propagation of the plant faced important problems. Therefore, the seed tubers can be replaced by micro tubers produced by tissue culture. The aim of this study is search about effect of different concentrations of CaCL2 and MgSO4 in media culture In vitro in histological - cellular variations of the microtubers. In this study solid and liquid MS media were used to prepare sterilized seedlings and micro tuberization.The concentrations of 0, 1/2, 1, 3/2 and 2 times more than standard concentrations of the mentioned compounds in MS medium were used in separate induction media . Induction was done in the alternating photoperiod. In order to the developmental and anatomical studies cross sections of microtubers was prepared and studied by light microscopy.The number of cell rows, the dimensions of the cells and the starch content of the parenchymal tissues of microtuber were analyzed. the results showed significant variations in histological features of the microtubers developed in media containing different concentrations of macronutrients. CaCL2 with concentrations of 0.5 to 1 time more than standard concentration in MS medium yielded maximum number of cell rows and maximum starch granules content. However, the presence of a minimum amount of magnesium is essential for the formation of the micro tubers. But there is no statistically significant effect on cellular changes of microtubers and starch content. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Synthesis of layered double hydroxide nanostructures for adsorption of crystal violet dye from aqueous solutions
Ahmad Raeisi vanani Saeid Asadpour Narges Sarmast Masoomeh KooravandThe presence of crystal violet dye in various industries wastewater causes environmental pollution and various diseases in humans and other organisms. Therefore, research about the elimination or destruction of this pollutant is necessary. In present study, the efficien MoreThe presence of crystal violet dye in various industries wastewater causes environmental pollution and various diseases in humans and other organisms. Therefore, research about the elimination or destruction of this pollutant is necessary. In present study, the efficiency of layer double hydroxides modified with sodium dodecyl sulfate (LDH/SDS) as adsorbent was studied to remove this pollutant from wastewater. After synthesis of the adsorbent, it was characterized with instrumental techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformation of infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of parameters such as pH, contact time, and initial concentration was studied with experimental design. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Tamkin's equations were estimated in order to find the best isotherm model for absorption data. Experimental data were fitted with Pseudo-First-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order, and interparticle diffusion kinetic models, and the best kinetic model was presented. The validity of equation was confirmed with the results of experimental design and their statistical analysis. Analysis of the data showed that the adsorption of crystal violet on LDH/SDS follows Langmuir isotherm model and Pseudo-Second-Order kinetic model. Manuscript profile -
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49 - اثر مخلوط مواد فعال سطحی بر پایداری میکروحباب ها در حضور الکترولیت به منظور تصفیه ی پساب ها
مریم معلمی بهشته سهرابی -
Open Access Article
50 - مطالعه روی کاهش ناخالصی سولفات از نمک طعام در فرایند تصفیه نمک با روش سالکس (SALEX)
امیر عبداله مهرداد شریف سارا آزادی نسیم لشکری مقدم -
Open Access Article
51 - روشی ساده و نوین برای استخراج مقادیر ناچیز سورفاکتانت سدیم دودسیل سولفات موجود در آمونیم پرکلرات و شناسایی کیفی آن با طیفسنجی FT-IR
محمد رضا جلالی فراهانی رضا زادمرد -
Open Access Article
52 - بررسی ویژگی کاتالیستی L-پیرولیدین-2-کربوکسیلیک اسید-4-هیدروژن سولفات تثبیتشده بر روی سیلیکاژل در سنتز ایمیدازولهای 3 و 4 استخلافی بدون حضور حلال
مریم حجامی آرش قربانی چقامارانی زهرا خانی -
Open Access Article
53 - Comparative study of nitrophenol removal from Karoon Petrochemical by electro-fenton and electro-persulfate process
Aref ShokriIn this study, the degradation of 4-nitrophenol in aqueous environments was studied by Electro Fenton and Electro Persulphate in electrochemical batch reactor equipped with four iron electrodes and a direct power source. The results showed that the removal of 4-nitrophe MoreIn this study, the degradation of 4-nitrophenol in aqueous environments was studied by Electro Fenton and Electro Persulphate in electrochemical batch reactor equipped with four iron electrodes and a direct power source. The results showed that the removal of 4-nitrophenole in Electro-Persulphate and electro Fentone were 99.2% and 94% at optimum operation condition including operational pH at 3, the initial concentration of 4-nitrophenol at 100 mg / l, hydrogen peroxide and persulphate at 0.5 mM, with the density of 0.1 A/dm2 and 60 min of reaction. The research results showed that the processes of electro-persulfate and electro-fenton had the same elimination efficiency in acidic media for 4-nitrophenol removal and, in general the combination of electrochemical with persulfate and hydrogen peroxide for electrical production of iron and activation of persulfate and hydrogen peroxide had more ability compared to separate use. The removal percent of COD in real wastewater samples with the initial COD of 5000 mg/l were 82 and 86% in ElectroFenton and Electro-persulfate processes, respectively. Manuscript profile -
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54 - Core–shell TiO2 coated magnetic mesoporous Nanocomposite modified with a surfactant for the removal of methylene blue dye from environmental water samples
maryam ezoddin laleh adl nasabIn this study, a core–shell TiO2 coated magnetic mesoporous nanocomposite (Fe3O4@MCM@TiO2) was synthesized and modified with an anionic surfactant for the removal of a cationic dye, (methylene blue) from well and wastewater samples. Fe3O4 was loaded on mesopore (M MoreIn this study, a core–shell TiO2 coated magnetic mesoporous nanocomposite (Fe3O4@MCM@TiO2) was synthesized and modified with an anionic surfactant for the removal of a cationic dye, (methylene blue) from well and wastewater samples. Fe3O4 was loaded on mesopore (MCM-41) and coated with TiO2 as a nano platelet shell. An anionic surfactant, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), was used to modify the adsorbent through hemimicelles/admicelles process and also to prevent the agglomeration of the adsorbent. The surface chemical characteristics and morphology of the prepared Fe3O4@MCM@TiO2were studied by the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analytical techniques. The effect of effective parameters for the removal of methylene blue was also studied. The adsorption data fitted with the Langmuir model showed a short equilibrium time with the maximum capacity uptake of 227.27 mg g-1. This method was successfully applied for removal of methylene blue in environmental water samples with an appropriate recovery in the range of 89.0 and 94.2%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Effect of potassium source and application rate on qualitative characteristics of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. cv. Aras) under full and deficit irrigation
Mahdi Mehrandish Matin Jami Moeini Mohammad ArminTo study the effect of potassium source and application rate on qualitative characteristics of sugar beet, a field experiment was conducted at county of Jovein, Khorasan Razavi, during 2010-2011. Experiment was carried out as split factorial in a randomized complete blo MoreTo study the effect of potassium source and application rate on qualitative characteristics of sugar beet, a field experiment was conducted at county of Jovein, Khorasan Razavi, during 2010-2011. Experiment was carried out as split factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental factors included two irrigation regimes (full and deficit irrigation), two potassium sources (potassium sulfate and potassium chloride) and three potassium application rates (0, 50 and 100 kg K2O ha-1). Results showed that deficit irrigation increased sodium content of root by 16.8 percent compared with full irrigation. However, other qualitative characteristics of sugar beet were not influenced by irrigation treatments. Application of potassium chloride, increased root dry matter percent and decreased root nitrogen content compared with potassium sulfate. The sugar percent, white sugar percent, sugar purity and root alkalinity increased and molasses sugar percent, root potassium, sodium and nitrogen content decreased with increasing potassium application rate. The highest sugar percent (19.92), white sugar percent (17.96), sugar purity (90.70%) and root alkalinity (2.77) and also the lowest molasses sugar percent (1.82), root potassium (5.03 meq/100 g root) , sodium (1.35 meq/100 g root) and nitrogen content (2.39 meq/100 g root) were observed in 100 kg K2O ha-1 treatment. According to the results, in similar climatic conditions, the use of large amounts of potassium, particularly in the form of potassium chloride, is recommended for improving the qualitative characteristics of sugar beet under full and deficit irrigation conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - The effectiveness of quantitative and qualitative performance cultivars soybean planting date and zinc sulphate foliar application
Meysam Ghasemian Abbas Maleki amin fathi Mohammad Mirzaei-HeydariTo study the effect of planting date and zinc sulphate on two varieties of soybean as a split factorial design in a randomized complete block design with three plots was carried out in the region of Ilam. Factors examined include the original invoice date three plant Pe MoreTo study the effect of planting date and zinc sulphate on two varieties of soybean as a split factorial design in a randomized complete block design with three plots was carried out in the region of Ilam. Factors examined include the original invoice date three plant Persian date 15, 25 July and 5 August and sub-plots sulfate treatment process includes foliar application the pod is early, early flowering and non-foliar application and sub-sub plots included L. 17, M.7 was. Results showed that the combination of zinc and planting date on grain yield and protein was significant. The interaction between planting date and variety was significant on grain yield, oil and protein. The highest grain yield of 1662 kg per hectare production to the M7 and culture in the history of Persian date 15 July and in foliar application at flowering stage, respectively. Most oil and protein content in the M7 and killed on 5 August respectively. L17 in the entire history of the cultures that produce less oil content. In both treatments, the highest oil content and protein in cultured on 5 August, respectively. The results of this experiment showed that the yield and production of oil and protein M7 is better and foliar application on yield and grain quality had a positive effect, as well as the delay in the cultivation of oil content and protein content increases. Manuscript profile -
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57 - Effect of foliar application of zinc sulfate and ascorbic acid on growth and essence yield of medicinal plant of Echinacea purpurea (Purple coneflower) under drought stress
Farhad FarahvashTo evaluate of growth response and yield of Echinacea purpurea to foliar application of zinc sulfate and ascorbic acid under drought stress, an experiment was carried out in split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in the Agricultural MoreTo evaluate of growth response and yield of Echinacea purpurea to foliar application of zinc sulfate and ascorbic acid under drought stress, an experiment was carried out in split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in the Agricultural Research Station of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch in 2011-12. Experimental factors consisted of: drought stress as the main factor in three levels (irrigation after: 70 and 170 mm evaporation from class A pan), Secondary factor consisted of: application of zinc sulfate in two levels (0 and 0.005) and ascorbic acid in four levels (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg/lit). Microelement application of Zinc had significant effect on plant height, stomata resistance, essence percentage and biological yield of purpule coneflower. The most effect on biological yield was equal to 290.3 kg/ha obtained in foliar application of zinc sulfate in condition of irrigation after 70mm from class A pan. The most of essence percent with 0.854% obtained in foliar application of zinc sulfate under 120mm water stress. Application of ascorbic acid (100 mg/lit) as an antioxidant decreased harmful effects of drought stress in some studies trait of Purpule coneflower and increased essence percentage and biological yield of Purpule coneflower. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Effect of soil application of Fe and ZnSO4 on grain yield and yield components of wheat at different sowing dates
H. Eizadi H. Balouchi S. ShabaniBecause of the lack of micro fertilizer in farm grain tillage, determining suitable level, time, and method to improve agriculture, is very important. To investigate sowing date and the effect of the micro nutrient (Fe and ZnSO4) on wheat grain yield and yield component MoreBecause of the lack of micro fertilizer in farm grain tillage, determining suitable level, time, and method to improve agriculture, is very important. To investigate sowing date and the effect of the micro nutrient (Fe and ZnSO4) on wheat grain yield and yield components, a split plot experiment was conducted based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications in Arsanjan region in 2009-2010. Sowing date (21 November, 6 and 21 December) was intended as main factor and control level without use of micro fertilizer and 10, 20 Kg Fe and 40, 80 Kg ZnSO4 as the secondary factor. Adding Fe in sooner sowing date, number of grain in spike, number of spike in square meter, grain yield and biologic yield, increased 4.2, 1.6, 1.3, 2.2 and 1.4 times respectively increased comparing with one month sowing delayed and not using micro fertilizer. Also, similar results were obtained by using 80 kg/ha ZnSO4. More consumption of micronutrient fertilizers in later sowing to some extent can compensate damage resulted from planting delays. mso-boo�G kOHw�� �'>، عملکرد دانه، تعداد سنبله، وزن هزار دانه، تعداد دانه در سنبله و عملکرد بیولوژیک گندم به ترتیب 2/4، 6/1، 3/1، 2/2 و 4/1 برابر نسبت به تأخیر کاشت یک ماهه و عدم مصرف کودهای ریزمغذی افزایش یافت. همچنین نتیجهای مشابه با استفاده از 80 کیلوگرم در هکتار سولفات روی به دست آمد. با مصرف بیشتر کودهای ریزمغذی در کشتهای دیرتر میتوان صدمات حاصله به عملکرد در اثر تأخیر کاشت را تا حدودی جبران نمود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Effects of zinc sulphate on growth and development wheat cultivars in north Fars region
S. H. Mirtalebi M. R. Khajehpour S. M. Hosseini A. SoleymaniZinc deficiency through the reduction in auxin production and photosynthesis, reduces growth and grain yield of wheat. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of zinc sulphate on growth and development of wheat cultivars in Eghlid agriculture research during MoreZinc deficiency through the reduction in auxin production and photosynthesis, reduces growth and grain yield of wheat. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of zinc sulphate on growth and development of wheat cultivars in Eghlid agriculture research during 2007– 2008. The experiment was conducted in a split plot layout within a randomized complete block design with four replications. The main plot consisted of three levels (0, 30 and 60 kg ha-1) of zinc sulphate (36% Zn) and the sub-plots were Zarin, Alvand and Shahriar wheat cultivars. The result showed that increasing the Zinc sulphate levels caused meaningful increasing in the biomass, leaf biomass, shoot, ear, biomass total in earing, grain yield (GY), total biomass and harvest index (HI). Zarin and Alvand cultivars significantly produced higher leaf biomass, shoot, ear, biomass total in earing, grain yield, total biomass and harvest index (HI) than Shahriar. Increasing Zinc sulphate levels and cultivars didn't have any effect on development stages. In this study the highest growth and grain yield (kgha-1) were 10040 and 10030 kg ha-1 by using the 60 kg ha-1 of zinc sulphate in Alvand and Zarin cultivars respectively. This rate of zinc sulphate application and Alvand and Zarin cultivars might be suitable for wheat production under conditions similar to this study. ­�� ��Hw����شک برگ، ساقه، سنبله، وزن خشک کل در گرده افشانی و بیوماس کل، عملکرد دانه و شاخص برداشت بیشتری نسبت به رقم شهریار در مرحله رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک داشتند. افزایش سطوح سولفات روی و ارقام تأثیری بر مراحل نموی نداشتند. در این مطالعه بیشترین رشد رویشی و عملکرد دانه با مصرف 60 کیلوگرم سولفات روی در هکتار در ارقام الوند و زرین (به ترتیب 10040 و 10030 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بدست آمد. لذا این مقدار سولفات روی در هکتار و ارقام الوند و زرین ممکن است برای تولید گندم در شرایطی مشابه با مطالعه حاضر مناسب باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Effect of potassium and zinc application on yield and yield components in normal irrigation and deficit irrigation
M. Ghalenoei Gh. Moafporian M. DrostkarDue to water limitation, using nutrients can reduce the loss resulted from stress. In order to investigate the effect of zinc Sulfate and potassium sulfate in two irrigation methods, an experiment based on split factorial in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) wit MoreDue to water limitation, using nutrients can reduce the loss resulted from stress. In order to investigate the effect of zinc Sulfate and potassium sulfate in two irrigation methods, an experiment based on split factorial in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted. Two irrigation methods (conventional irrigation and deficit irrigation) were considered as main plots and different levels of zinc (zero, 15, 30 and 45 kg/ha) and potassium sulfate (zero, 75, 150 and 225 kg/ha) as sub plot. The results showed that the spike length, number of grains per spike, grain yield, biological yield and 1000 grain weight in conventional irrigation were more than deficit irrigation. Application of 45 and 225 kg/ha zinc sulfate and potassium sulfate produced the highest value of these traits. There was no significant difference between the two levels 30 and 45 kg/ha application of zinc sulfate and 150 and 225 kg/ha potassium sulfate. In deficit irrigation application of 30 kg/ha zinc sulfate or 225 kg/ha potassium increased grain yield to normal irrigation values. With the development of deficit irrigation using anti-stress nutrients such as zinc and potassium can be effective in amplification of irrigation methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - The effect of bio fertilizer and magnesium sulfate on the components of essential oil of Satureja hortensis L.
A. Badali F. NejatzadehThis research in order to study the effects of the effect of bio fertilizer and magnesium sulfate on the components of essential oil of Satureja hortensis L., was performed. The experiment was based on randomized complete block design with 6 treatments and 3 replication MoreThis research in order to study the effects of the effect of bio fertilizer and magnesium sulfate on the components of essential oil of Satureja hortensis L., was performed. The experiment was based on randomized complete block design with 6 treatments and 3 replications. The factors consisted of 2 levels of inoculation with fertilizer barvar 2 and non-inoculation) and 3 levels spraying of magnesium sulfate (0, 2 and 4 g). The traits were plant height, number of stems, stem diameter, dry weight, yield, essential oil percentage and essential oil yield. The results of analysis of variance showed that the highest yield was obtained by inoculation with fertilizer barvar 2 and 4 g magnesium sulfate, with a mean of 80/50 kg ha-1, and the lowest yield in non-fertilized treatment with fertilizer barvar 2 and the non-application of magnesium sulfate with a mean of 23 kg ha-1 was obtained. The results showed that the highest percentage of essential oil was obtained by inoculation with barvar 2 and 4 g magnesium sulfate with an average of 1.02 kg ha-1 and the lowest percentage of essential oil without Fertilizer barvar 2 and non-application of magnesium sulfate with the average was 0.64 kg ha-1. In general, the results of this experiment showed that in order to produce more essential oil and to have more dry yield, it seems appropriate to inoculate with barvar 2 and 4 g magnesium sulfate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Effect of different level of potassium sulfate and zeolit on yield and yield component of potato in Arak region
hamid madani reza Hosseinkhani nor ali Sajedi To investigate the effects of different levels of potassium sulfate and zeolite on yield and yield component of potato Apria variety, a factorial experiment based on RCBD was conducted with three replications in 2009. It was done on More To investigate the effects of different levels of potassium sulfate and zeolite on yield and yield component of potato Apria variety, a factorial experiment based on RCBD was conducted with three replications in 2009. It was done on Moradi farm which was 5 km far from faculty of agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Arak, Factors were considered as three levels of potassium sulfate, 125, 250 and 375 kg/ha, and four levels of zeolite including of zero, 2, 4 and 6 t/ha in Clinoptilolite type. The results showed that application of potassium sulfate and zeolite on all traits at 1% level was significant but interaction effects of potassium fertilizer and zeolite on any of traits were not significant. Increasing the potassium and zeolite levels, traits of main stem number, number of tubers per plant, mean weight of tuber, tuber yield per plant, tuber density, economic yield and total yield increased. The highest average of total yield equal 60.33 t/ha was obtained by 375 kg of potassium sulfate combined with 4 t/ha of zeolite and use of 250 kg.ha-1of potassium sulfate with 4 t/ha of zeolite with average yield 54.72 t/ha in one group were analyzed. Therefore logical that in accordance with local conditions of the experiment consumed 250 kg of potassium sulfate and 4 t/ha zeolite the desired yield is achieved Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Effects of super absorbent polymer, zinc and selenium application on yield and yield components of durum wheat
M. Gholami N. Sajedi M. Gomarian In order to effects of application of super absorbent polymer, zinc and selenium on yield and yield components of durum wheat, an experimental was carried out as factorial based on complete randomized block design w More In order to effects of application of super absorbent polymer, zinc and selenium on yield and yield components of durum wheat, an experimental was carried out as factorial based on complete randomized block design with four replicates in the research station of Islamic Azad University- Arak Branch, Iran in 2010-2011. Experimental factors were super absorbent in two levels of control and 25 kg/ha, zinc sulfate in three levels of control, 25 and 50 kg/ha and selenium in two levels of control and 20 kg/ha. The results showed that the effect of zinc sulfate on the yield and yield components was significant at 1% level. Application of 50 kg/ha zinc sulfate increased grain yield by 13.6% as compared with control. The interaction effect two-way treatments showed that foliar application of selenium along with 50 kg/ha zinc sulfate increased grain yield by 14%. The consumption of 25 kg/ha also super absorbent along with 50 kg/ha zinc sulfate increased grain yield by 18%. The results showed that application of 25 kg/ha super absorbent, 50 kg/ha zinc sulfate and selenium spraying increased grain yield by 19 % as compared with control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Agronomical characteristics responses of durum wheat to super absorbent polymers, zinc and selenium compounds application
M. Gholami N. Sajedi M. GomarianIn order to investigate the effect of super absorbent polymer and zinc and selenium on wheat agronomic traits, an experiment was carried out as factorial based on RCBD with four replications in the research station of Islamic Azad University- Arak Branch, Iran in 2010-2 MoreIn order to investigate the effect of super absorbent polymer and zinc and selenium on wheat agronomic traits, an experiment was carried out as factorial based on RCBD with four replications in the research station of Islamic Azad University- Arak Branch, Iran in 2010-2011 crop season. Experimental factors were including of two levels of 0 and 25 kg ha-1 super absorbent, zinc sulphate at three levels of 0, 25 and 50 kg ha-1 and selenium in two levels of control and 20 kg ha-1.The results showed that application of 50 kg ha-1 zinc sulphate increased spike length, productivity index as compared to control by 6.7, 7.2 and 6% respectively. Dual interaction of foliar application of selenium along with consumption of 50 kg ha-1 of zinc sulphate increased grain yield by 14%. Application of 25 kg ha-1 super absorbent along with 25 kg ha-1 zinc sulphate could be increase grain yield and productivity index as compared to control by 15.3 and 16.3%, respectively.Interactionof three-way treatments showed that maximum grain yield equal to 3502 kg ha-1 was obtained from treatment of 25 kg ha-1 super absorbent along with 50 kg ha-1 zinc sulphate and 18 g ha-1 selenium that with treatment 25 kg ha-1 super absorbent along with 50 kg ha-1 zinc sulphate and without selenium with grain yield equal to 3385 kg ha-1 were in a group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Studies on the Effect of Potassium,Zinc and Copper on Yield Production Wheat in Water Deficient
Hamid reza Mobaser Hosein Heydari Sharifabad Hamid Madani To determine the effect of water deficiency in different stage of two wheat cultivars; Chamran and Kavir, accompany with application of various elements such as potassium (K), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) on quantity and quality of yield. Two More To determine the effect of water deficiency in different stage of two wheat cultivars; Chamran and Kavir, accompany with application of various elements such as potassium (K), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) on quantity and quality of yield. Two years field experiments was carried out as Completely Randomize Block under spilt - spilt plot design with three replicates, on loamy fine sand soil during 2001 until 2003 growth season at the Research Center Institute of Zabol which is located in the Eastern of Iran. In these experiments, treatments of irrigation involved; well -irrigation, stop - irrigation after pollination (1 - 10.5, Fix scale) and stop- irrigation after milky stage of grain (5 -10.5, Fix scale), and fertilizer treatments included; nil fertilizer, copper sulphate (Cu So4) and zinc sulphate (ZnSo4), potassium sulphate (K2 So4) as 0, 30, 40 and 150 kg per hater, respectively. All fertilizer is applied at sowing time as sub- plots. The results of this study highlight that the stopped- irrigation at pollination stage reduced significantly biological yield, grain yield production and harvest index. However, in this case Chamran produced high biological yield and grain yield than Kaiver. In addition, application of fertilizer has significant effect on grain yield. In this experiment, stopped-irrigation treatments had significant effect on, nitrogen (N) concentration of grain. Also, K, Zn, and Cu increased high concentration of N in grain, and Chamran varity accumulated high N in grain than Kaiver. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Interaction of drought stress and zinc on yield, yield components and harvest index in maize plant mycorrhiza
N. Sajedi H. Madani In order to study of different levels of zinc on yield, yield components and harvest index in maize plant mycorrhiza under drought stress, an experiment was carried out in research farm of Arak Islamic Azad University in 2006. The ex More In order to study of different levels of zinc on yield, yield components and harvest index in maize plant mycorrhiza under drought stress, an experiment was carried out in research farm of Arak Islamic Azad University in 2006. The experiment was laied out in factorial based on RCBD with three replications. The treatments were consisted as three levels of irrigations(irrigation equal of crop water requirementcv as control, irrigation equal of 75% crop water requirement and irrigation equal of 50% crop water requirement), inoculation with mycorrhiza fungi (Glumus intraradices) at two levels ( inoculation with and without mycorrhiza) and zinc sulphate at three levels (0, 25 and 45 kg/ha). The result showed that, drought stress reduced harvest index, yield and yield components significantly. Effects of mycorrhiza fungi on traits of number of grain per row, number of grain per ear, ear weight and grain yield was significant. Inoculation with mycorrhiza improved measured traits as compared to treatment of without mycorrhiza not only in condition of optimum irrigation but also drought stress. Using of mycorrhiza and zinc sulfate alone in condition irrigation control increased traits of measured. It was showded that with irrigation equal 75% water requirement, inoculation with mycorrhiza and 45 kg/hazinc sulfate obtain optimum yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Effect of drought stress and potassium sulfate on yield and yield components of sunflower
M. Yarnia P. Safaie M. B. Khorshidi-benam E. Farajzadeh In ordsr to study yield and some physiologic characteristics of sunflower (cv. Euroflor) in reaction to water and potassium applying, a RCBD base split plot experiment was conducted in 2009 at Islamic Azad University- Tabriz branch research farm. Wate More In ordsr to study yield and some physiologic characteristics of sunflower (cv. Euroflor) in reaction to water and potassium applying, a RCBD base split plot experiment was conducted in 2009 at Islamic Azad University- Tabriz branch research farm. Water deficite stress at four levels (50, 90, 130 and 170 mm evaporate from class A pan) arranged in main plots and five K2SO4 levels (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg/ha) in sub plots. The results of variance analyzing of date showed that interaction of stress and K was highly significant on height of stem, leaf dry weight, number of grain in anthodium¸ weight of grain in anthodium, biomass, yield¸ harvest index and 100 kernel weight, effective filling period was significant. Result showed that the interaction effects of treatments had significant different in these traits. Rate of a traits under study increased when 200 kg/ha of potassium sulphate was used and field irrigated after 50 mm evaporation from pan. Application of potassium decrease drought stress damage. Irrigating after 50 to 90¸ 130 and 170 mm evaporation from pan decreased yield by 10.36¸ 24.43 and 59.46 percent. But yield reduction by application 200 kg/ha potassium sulfate fertilizer was only 32.48 percent. This indicates that by applying potassium fertilize yield reduction will be decreased under drought stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - The effect of different planting dates and application of ammonium sulphate on yield and yield components of Hyola rapeseed cultivar on winter planting in Mane and Samalghan
A. Sadri D. Habibi H. Kamali M. Eskandari Torbaghan In order to study the effect of different planting dates and application of ammonium sulphate on yield and yield components of Hyola rapeseed cultivar in winter planting an experiment was conducted in climatic conditions of Mane and Samalghan du More In order to study the effect of different planting dates and application of ammonium sulphate on yield and yield components of Hyola rapeseed cultivar in winter planting an experiment was conducted in climatic conditions of Mane and Samalghan during 2008-2009. The experiment was carried on factorial based on CRBD with four replications. The experiments were treatment included three planting dates (18 Sep., 4 Oct. and 19 Oct. of 2008) and four fertilizer treatment (base fertilizer 100 kg/ha urea, 80 kg/ha ammonium sulphate at beginning of spring and 80 kg/ha ammonium sulphate in maximum height of plant), (base fertilizer 100 kg/ha urea , 40 kg/ha ammonium sulphate at beginning of spring and 40 kg/ha urea in maximum height of plant ), (base fertilizer 100 kg/ha urea , 40 kg/ha urea at beginning of spring and 80 kg/ha ammonium sulphate in maximum height of plant) and (base fertilizer 100 kg/ha urea , 40 kg/ha urea at beginning of spring and 80 kg/ha urea in maximum height of plant ).Trait were considered as number of seed per pod , number of pod per plant, 1000 grains weight and grain yield .The results showed that second planting date was superior on number of seed per pod, number of pod per plant and grain and value of third fertilizer treatment on number of pod per plant , grain yield. Highest and lowest grain yield belonged to the second planting date and third fertilizer treatment with average 4.1 ton/ha and third planting date and fourth fertilizer treatment with average 3.2 ton/ha respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Effect of Protective Behaviour of Biofilm Formed By the Anaerobic Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria on the Corrosion Resistance of the API X42 Microalloyed Steel
mojtaba Baghalzadeh Khalilollah Gheisari Hossien MotamediIn this study, the protective behavior of the biofilm produced on the surface of the API X42 micro-alloyed pipeline steel by the bacterium clostridium sp. as an anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is evaluated in a saline simulated soil solution in comparison MoreIn this study, the protective behavior of the biofilm produced on the surface of the API X42 micro-alloyed pipeline steel by the bacterium clostridium sp. as an anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is evaluated in a saline simulated soil solution in comparison with the sterile medium. Microstructure and surface morphology was examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Corrosion properties were investigated using linear polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results approve the formation of a biofilm consisting of bacterial cells, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), and corrosion products. In this relatively dense biofilm, semiconductive iron sulfide which is destructive to the corrosion behavior of biofilm is not observed. In addition, the biofilm produced on the metal surface at immersion time of 21 days in the bacterial inoculated medium improves polarization resistance to 7330 Ω.cm2, while at this time the polarization resistance of the protective corrosion products layer created in the sterile condition is about 1421 Ω.cm2. This comparison shows a 5-fold improvement in corrosion resistance as a result of the biofilm's protective behavior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - تأثیر سدیم دودسیل سولفات بر ریخت شناسی و مقاومت خوردگی پوشش تبدیلی نانوزیرکونیایی روی ورق فولاد گالوانیزه
علی پیامی گلهین رضا اسلامی فارسانی حمید خرسند -
Open Access Article
71 - Protective Effect of Magnesium Sulfate against Experimental Models of Gastric Ulcer in NMRI Mice
Roya Rostami Akram Eidi Pejman Mortazavi Shahrebano OryanGastric ulcers are common digestive disorders involving stomach mucosal lesions with worldwide prevalence. There are different reasons for peptic ulcers. One common reason among west societies is ethanol consumption. The aim of the present study is pretreatment by magne MoreGastric ulcers are common digestive disorders involving stomach mucosal lesions with worldwide prevalence. There are different reasons for peptic ulcers. One common reason among west societies is ethanol consumption. The aim of the present study is pretreatment by magnesium sulfate. In this study 66 male NMRI mice were randomly divided into 11 groups and the administered mice were followed up daily for 15 days. These groups include control group (intact), control ulcer group (ethanol 10 mg/kg), standard group (omeprazole 40 mg/kg and ethanol), experimental groups (magnesium sulfate 50, 100, 200, 300 mg/kg), and experimental ulcer groups (magnesium sulfate 50, 100, 200, 300 mg/kg and ethanol). At the end of the relevant period, the levels of oxidative stress parameters were biochemically evaluated. The results of this study revealed that the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in control ulcer group significantly decreased compared to the control group. Oral administration of magnesium sulfate produced no significant effect on catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities in intact animals. Animals in experimental ulcer groups represented a great increase in catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase levels over the treatment by magnesium sulfate. Moreover, our results showed that the amount of malondialdehyde in control ulcer group was significantly increased compared to the control group. Pre-treatment with magnesium sulfate caused no significant change on the amount of malondialdehyde in control group, while the level of malondialdehyde was considerably decreased in experimental ulcer groups. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that a pretreatment with MgSO4 could notably reduce oxidative stress and gastric lesions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Hepatic Enzymes in Healthy Rats
H. Dabirinejad M.R. Dayer T. MohammadiZinc ion is the second essential element in living organisms and is necessary for lots of enzymes activity e.g. alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. This ion also takes part in biological processes as human growth, immune response, and nerve function. Zinc de MoreZinc ion is the second essential element in living organisms and is necessary for lots of enzymes activity e.g. alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. This ion also takes part in biological processes as human growth, immune response, and nerve function. Zinc deficiency causes significant decrease in serum alkaline phosphatase or increase in aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activity. Increase in these two later enzymes, in turn, is an indicator of tissue damage even though there are controversies among researchers. Accordingly, we decided to study the effect of 0.6 gm/L of zinc sulfate in drinking water in a period of 3 months treatment on serum activities of hepatic enzymes in adult rats. Twenty female rats were selected in two equal groups as control and treated groups. For a period of three months, zinc sulfate dissolved in tap water was used to drink by the treated group while the control group drank tap water. Both groups had full access to pellet food during this study. Serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphates and lactate dehydrogenase were measured finally. Zinc sulfate significantly decreased alanine aminotransferase while it showed no effects on the three other enzymes. Dietary zinc sulfate not only exerts no damage to liver but also as food supplement seems to have protective effect on this organ. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - بررسی تأثیر انفوزیون سولفات منیزیوم در اتاق عمل در ایجاد بی دردی پس از عمل جراحی کیسه صفرا به روش لاپاراسکوپیک
Mojgan Raisi Vahid Naghferati Fatemeh Broomand Jahed avalIntroduction: Postoperative pain is a complex physiologic reaction to tissue injury. Postoperative analgesia by medical and nonmedical methods improves the clinical outcomes, prevents complications, economizes health services and improves patients life quality. Purpose MoreIntroduction: Postoperative pain is a complex physiologic reaction to tissue injury. Postoperative analgesia by medical and nonmedical methods improves the clinical outcomes, prevents complications, economizes health services and improves patients life quality. Purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of Magnesium Sulphate infusion in operative room on pain relief after laparascopic cholecystectomy. Methods and Material: In this clinical trial, 40 patients of laparascopic cholecystectomy with ASA I and II and age range of 30-60 years, without any operation on bile cyst presented in the hospital. After obtaining consent, the patients devided in two groups. Magnesium (M) group received 50 mg/kg Magnesium Sulphate intravenously in 100 cc Normal Saline 0.9% and the control (C) group received 100 cc Normal Saline 0.9% after intubation. Evaluation of arterial blood pressure, heart rate and pulse oxymetry before infusion of Magnesium Sulphate or Normal Saline, 15 minutes after infusion begin and at the operation end, performed. Pain measured in rest and coughing in 6 and 12 hours after anesthesia end by VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) and dose of opium drug used in recovery, 0-6 and 7-12 hours after anesthesia end, measured then recorded in questionnaire. After gathering information, opium drug dose used and VAS index, in two groups compared in hours listed above and statistically analyzed. Results: In our study there was not significant difference between two groups in age and sex (P>0.05). Pain in rest and coughing in 6 and 12 hours after anesthesia end did not have significant difference between two groups (P>0.05) and sex and age did not have statistically effect on it. The two groups which we studied did not have important difference in dose of opium used in recovery, 0-6 and 7-12 hours after anesthesia end (P>0.05). Also systolic and diastolic blood pressure and arterial oxygen saturation between two groups did not have significant difference before infusion, 15 minutes after infusion begin and at the end of infusion (P>0.05). But the heart rate average at the end of infusion, in Magnesium Sulphate group (84.1 ± 9.6) was more than Normal Saline (77.2 ± 7.6) group (P= 0.004). Conclusion: In general, in the present study it is said that prescription of 50 mg/kg Magnesium Sulphate in operation room does not have effect on pain and dose of opium drug used after laparascopic cholecystectomy and also does not lead to change in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and arterial oxygen saturation compared with control group, during and at the end of this operation. But only causes significant increase in heart rate compared with control group, at the end of operation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - Comparing effects of Glucosamine and Chondroitin sulphate combination with Naproxen on pain, physical function and radiologic findings in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Mohammad Mahdi Nejad Zahra JafariBack groumd: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis. Its high prevalence, especially in the elderly, and the high rate of disability related to disease make it a leading cause of disability in the elderly. It is joint failure, a disease in which all st MoreBack groumd: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis. Its high prevalence, especially in the elderly, and the high rate of disability related to disease make it a leading cause of disability in the elderly. It is joint failure, a disease in which all structures of the joint have undergone pathologic change, often in concert and affects certain joints, yet spares others. The goals of the treatment of OA are to alleviate pain and minimize loss of physical function. To the extent that pain and loss of function. While nonpharmacologic approaches to therapy constitute its mainstay, pharmacotherapy serves an important adjunctive role in OA treatment. Available drugs are administered using oral, topical, and intraarticular routes. The use of glucosamine and chondroitin for OA has been controversial, and results of randomized trials have varied. Objectives: Comparing effects of Glucosamine and Chondroitin sulphate combination with Naproxen on pain, physical function and radiologic findings in patients with knee osteoarthritis Method: Among patient with osteoarthritis (OA) who came to private clinic of researcher in mashad which their primary OA diagnosed by physical examination and radiography 240 people 40 – 60 years old participated in this study. Patient divided in two groups based on age and gender . One group treated by naproxen and other group were under glucosamine cendroitin sulfate treatment. Results of treatment assessed after 12 an 15 month by kallegren and lawrance (K/L), VAS and Join Space width(JSW). Result: Two groups were similar to each other based on age(P=0/730), gender (P=0/603) and knee affected (P=0/195). According to VAS scale(P=0/262) and koos-ps(P=0/016) there were significant difference between NSAID and Glucosamine condroitin sulphate (GS) groups on pain and physical function . NASAID is more effective than GS. They have some difference quality in results of K/L and JSW over the period of time but at the end there were no difference between two groups. Conclusion:Although both NSAID and GS are effective on pain and physical function in patient with OA but due to the greater impact of NSAID and costs less than GS as well as the lack of GS on cartilageof the joint NSAID is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Study of Sowing date, Super phosphate triple and Zinc sulfate on Quantitative Yield of Annual Medics (Medicagoscutellata cv. Robinson) in Summer Cropping
mahmood Noosrati Momondi1 Khosro AziziIn order to evaluate of sowing date and fertilizers, super phosphate triple and zinc sulfate on quantitative yield of annual medics (Medicago scutellata cv. Robinson) in summer cropping, an experiment was conducted as split factorial arranged in completely randomized bl MoreIn order to evaluate of sowing date and fertilizers, super phosphate triple and zinc sulfate on quantitative yield of annual medics (Medicago scutellata cv. Robinson) in summer cropping, an experiment was conducted as split factorial arranged in completely randomized block design (CRBD) with four replications in crop season 2011-2012 research farm of agriculture faculty of Lorestan university in Khorramabad. The main factor was the sowing date in two level T1: (20th June) and T2: (16th July) and the sub factor was fertilizer super phosphate triple in three levels (P0=0, P1=150 وP2=250 kg.ha-1) and fertilizer zinc sulfate in three levels (Zn1=0, Zn0=50و Zn2=100 kg.ha-1). The results showed that, triple interaction effects of sowing date, super phosphate triple and zinc fertilizer on the biological yield and 1000 seed weight were significant in 0.01 probable levels. Also triple interaction had significant effect on seed yield and harvest index in 0.05 probable levels. The mean comparison of the triple interactions on the biological yield showed that the highest biological yield (3504.6 kg.ha-1) was obtained in (T2P1Zn1). Therefore it is recommendable treatment in the annual medic to production of dry forage. Also the mean comparison of effects showed that highest seed yield (807.9kg.ha) was obtained in (T2P2Zn1) and lowest seed yield obtained in (T2P1Zn0). Therefore treatment (t2p1zn1) recommendable for production of dry forage and production seed treatment (T2P2Zn1) recommendable. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Influence of plant density and zinc foliar application on yield and its components in corn (hybrid K.S.C704)
Vagar Mirza Shahram Lak Mehran MombeniIn order to study the Influence of plant density and zinc foliar application on yield and its components in single cross corn (Zea mays L.), an experiment was carried out using factorial method on the basis of RCBD with three replicates in Ahwaz, Iran. Experimental trea MoreIn order to study the Influence of plant density and zinc foliar application on yield and its components in single cross corn (Zea mays L.), an experiment was carried out using factorial method on the basis of RCBD with three replicates in Ahwaz, Iran. Experimental treatments administered included plant density on three levels (D1=65000, D2=75000 and D3=85000 plant per Hectare plant density). The second factor includes: zinc foliar application in four treatments (F0=control, non application of zinc, F1=zinc foliar application in V12 stage, F2=VT stage and F3= zinc foliar split application in two stages of V12 and VT based, on corn developmental growth stages). Results showed that plant density effects on grain yield, total dry matter, harvest index, 1000 grain weight, leaf area index and grain number in ear were significant (p= 0.01). In addition zinc foliar application effects on grain yield, total dry matter, harvest index and 1000 grain weight were significant (p= 0.05). But interaction between of plant density and zinc foliar application had not a significant effect on above character mentioned. The highest grain yield (equal to 9843.3 kg per hectore) was obtained at the density of 75000 plants with zinc foliar split application in two stages of V12 and VT. The lowest grain yield (equal to 7751.9 kg per hectare) was obtained at the density of 65000 plants with non application of zinc. The highest Biological yield (20276.07 kg per hectare) belongs to D2 with non application of zinc and the lowest rate (15960.31kg per hectare) obtained in D1 with F1 treatment. The most Grain number in ear observed in zinc foliar split application treatment in two stages of V12 and VT. Maximum of LAI belong to D2 with F3 treatment. In generally, planting of 75000 plants per Hectare and zinc foliar split application in two stages of V12 and VT, lead to the highest of LAI and harvest index in D2 treatment and finally result to the highest grain yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Effect of foliar application of iron and zinc on quantitative and qualitative yield of two rapeseed cultivars
Ali Akbar Moradi Saeid Sayfzadeh Mohsen YousefiThis research was carried out in order to investigate the effect of iron and zinc soluble irrigation on quantitative and qualitative yield of two rapeseed varieties. The present study was carried out in a factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design w MoreThis research was carried out in order to investigate the effect of iron and zinc soluble irrigation on quantitative and qualitative yield of two rapeseed varieties. The present study was carried out in a factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The investigated factors included micronutrient foliar application in 4 levels (M1: pure water (control), M2: iron sulfate, M3: Zinc sulfate, M4: iron + zinc sulfate), and rapeseed (V1: Okapi and V2: Nepton), which were factorial in experimental plots. The results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of cultivar and solubility at 1% level on grain yield was significant. The results of the comparison of mean of cultivar effect on grain yield showed that Neptune cultivar with a mean of 3441 kg. ha-1 had a significant superiority with the average of 3091 kg. ha-1 than the aphid cultivar. The results of the comparison of the average of the effect of solubility on grain yield showed that Zinc + Zinc solution had the highest seed yield with an average of 3526 kg. ha-1. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Effect of foliar application of Fe and Zn on yield of rapeseed under different irrigation regimes in Boin-Zahra region
Roghayeh Mazarloo Seyed Alireza Valadabadi Hamidreza ZakerinThis research was done in order to study the effect of foliar application of Fe and Zn on qualitative and quantitative of rapeseed in Boin-Zahra. The experiment was conducted to split-plot as base of RCBD in 3 replications. Irrigation regime in 3 levels (I1: normal irri MoreThis research was done in order to study the effect of foliar application of Fe and Zn on qualitative and quantitative of rapeseed in Boin-Zahra. The experiment was conducted to split-plot as base of RCBD in 3 replications. Irrigation regime in 3 levels (I1: normal irrigation, I2: cut off irrigation at flowering stage and I3: cut off irrigation at podding stage) as main plot and foliar application in 4 levels (M1: control, M2: Fe, M3: Zn and M4: Fe +Zn) as sub plot were considered. Results showed that irrigation and foliar application as well as their interaction were significant on grain yield. Result indicated normal irrigation with mean of 3544 kg/ha had the highest grain yield. The least grain yield was observed in cut off irrigation as flowering. Foliar application of Fe + Zn resulted to increase grain yield. Results demonstrated that the most grain yield was observed in foliar application of Fe + Zn under normal irrigation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - The effect of nitrogen fertilizer and zinc sulfate fertilizer application on yield of Calendula officinalis
Ali Fezollahi Jahanfar Daneshian Abbas MalekiIn order to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and zinc sulfate sources on Calendulaofficinalis plant yield, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at 2011. Experimental factors included nitrog MoreIn order to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and zinc sulfate sources on Calendulaofficinalis plant yield, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at 2011. Experimental factors included nitrogen fertilizer sources (manure and urea fertilizer) with 4 levels, 0 tons of manure + 120 kg urea, 10 tons of manure + 90 kg urea, 20 tons of manure + 60 kg urea, 30 tons of manure + 30 kg urea and 40 tons of manure + 0 kg urea and zinc sulfate with 3 levels, no foliar application, 1 foliar application and 2 foliar application times were recommended. Results showed that different sources of urea fertilizer were applied on capitol diameter. Number of seeds per plant and flower harvest index had a significant effect, but no significant effect on grain harvest index. The plant represents a significant effect on harvest index and harvest index put Dada, but had no significant effect also results indicated that the interaction between different sources of nitrogen and sulfate on the number of seeds per plant were significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - The effect of micronutrients foliar application of Fe, Cu, Zn and spraying times on wheat yield
Mohammad Bazyar Saeid Sayfzadeh Esmaeil Hadidi Masouleh Mohsen YousefiThis experiment was conducted in in Boin Zahra area, Qazvin at 2015-2016 in order to investigate the effect of spraying time and micronutrient elements on wheat traits in split plot as randomized complete block design with three replications. The time of spraying at ste MoreThis experiment was conducted in in Boin Zahra area, Qazvin at 2015-2016 in order to investigate the effect of spraying time and micronutrient elements on wheat traits in split plot as randomized complete block design with three replications. The time of spraying at stemming stage and spike emergence stage as main factor and the micronutrient elements in 8 levels: non-consumption (pure water), iron, zinc, copper, iron + zinc, iron + copper, copper + zinc and iron + copper + Zinc in sub plots. The results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of spraying time (at 5% level), micronutrient elements (at 1% level), and the interaction effect of spraying time × micronutrient elements (at 1% level) on grain yield was significant. The results of comparison of the effect of spray time on grain yield showed that spraying during spike emergence increased grain yield. Spraying at the time of emergence of spike with an average of 6789 kg/ha was significantly superior to stemming stage, and increased by about 5%. The results of the comparison of micronutrient effects on grain yield showed that the coagulation of iron + copper + zinc with the mean of 7483 kg/ha had the highest grain yield. The results of comparing the effects of spraying time and micronutrient on grain yield showed that iron + copper + zinc solution had the highest grain yield at spike time. The results also showed that spray application spray increased seed yield of each micronutrient treatment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Interaction between type amount and split application of nitrogen fertilizers with plant density on morphophysiological characteristics yield and yield components of canola (Brassica napus L.) in Sheshdeh region Fasa
Behnam Hosseininasab Farhad Mohajeri Mohammad Rahim Owji Mehdi MadandoustIn order to investigate the interaction of type, amount and split application of nitrogen fertilizers with plant density on morphophysiological characteristics, yield and yield components of Canola, an experiment was conducted in the Sheshdeh of Fasa in 2018-2019. Exper MoreIn order to investigate the interaction of type, amount and split application of nitrogen fertilizers with plant density on morphophysiological characteristics, yield and yield components of Canola, an experiment was conducted in the Sheshdeh of Fasa in 2018-2019. Experiment was carried out as a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that the effect of fertilizer on number of silique per sub-branch and per plant was significant at 5% level and the effect of plant density on 1000 seed weight, biological yield, seed yield and oil yield was significant. Ammonium sulfate (following fertilizer recommendation) had the highest number of silique per sub-branch (48.6 per sub-branch) and silique per plant (73.5 per plant) in the shoot and bud stages. The highest biological and grain yield (12840 and 4258 kg/ha, respectively) were obtained at plant density of 50 plants /m2. Densities of 50 and 70 were significantly different in grain yield. Based on results, the density of 50 plants/m2 and the use of ammonium sulfate in the shoot and bud stages had the highest yield of Canola Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - The effects of drought stress and potassium application on yield and yield components of chickpea in Miyaneh region, Iran
Esm Ali Azadmanesh Manuchehr Farboudi ali faramarzi shahram shahrokhi The effects of drought stress and potassium application on yield and yield components of chickpea were studied in Northwest of Miyaneh city. The experiment was carried out as factorial based on a randomized complete block design. The experimental factors we More The effects of drought stress and potassium application on yield and yield components of chickpea were studied in Northwest of Miyaneh city. The experiment was carried out as factorial based on a randomized complete block design. The experimental factors were irrigation at four levels (0, 50, 75, and 100% of chickpea plant water requirement) and potassium sulfate fertilizer application at two levels (0 and 100 kg.ha-1). The recorded characteristics were number of lateral branches, days to ripening, pod numbers per plant, biomass, thousand kernel weight, yield and harvest index. Irrigation treatments had significantly different effects on potassium fertilizer use efficiency. The highest fertilizer use efficiency was observed at 75 and 100% plant water requirement levels. The number of lateral branches, number of pods per plant, biomass, yield and harvest index were decreased by irrigation levels decrement. The most pod number per plant, grain yield and harvest index were obtained in 100% water consumption along with potassium fertilizer application. The lowest values of the mentioned characteristics were observed in non-irrigated and no potassium application. The yield and biomass in fertilizer application and 100% irrigation were 69.12 and 33.11% more than non-potassium and non-irrigation treatments, respectively. The application of potassium slightly compensated the negative effect of drought stress on yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - Effect of manganese, zinc and boron micronutrients foliar application at different growth stages on quantitative characteristics of rainfed wheat cultivars
Majid Ahmadi Naser Mohebalipour Vali Feizi-Asl Iraj EskandariIn order to evaluate the effects of foliar application of manganese, zinc and boron on grain quality and quantity characteristics of dryland wheat, a split-split plot experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimen MoreIn order to evaluate the effects of foliar application of manganese, zinc and boron on grain quality and quantity characteristics of dryland wheat, a split-split plot experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Experiment was carried out in Dryland Agricultural Research Station in Maragheh region, northwest Iran during 2008-2009. Wheat cultivars (Azar2 and Homa) were planted in main plots. Foliar application time in three stages of tillering (GS32), stem elongation (GS37) and flag leaf emerging (GS64) and foliar application of micronutrients (control, pure water, 35g.ha-1 manganese sulfate, 25 g.ha-1 zinc sulfate and 15 g.ha-1 boric acid) were also allocated to subplots and sub-subplots, respectively. Results showed that foliar application of microelements significantly affected grain yield, spike number per area unit, dry weight and fresh weight of flag leaf and harvest index. According to the results, application of 35 g.ha-1 manganese sulfate and 25 g.ha-1 zinc sulfates had non significant effect on grain yield. Application of 15 g.ha-1 boric acid resulted in the highest yield (1418 kg. ha-1), dry weight and fresh weight of flag leaf. The highest number of spikes per m2 was observed with application of 35 g.ha-1 manganese sulfate. According to these results, tillering stage (GS32) was the best stage for foliar application of micronutrients that produced the highest yield (1630 g.ha-1). Azar2 was better cultivar and produced 32 and 36 percent higer biological and grain yield in comparison to Homa cultivar, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Effect of mycorrhiza (Glomus intraradices) and zinc on morphological and agronomic traits of corn (Zea mays L.) under different levels of soil moistures
Nourali Sajedi amir hosein shiranirad abdollah sajedi hadi khanmohammadiEffects of mycorrhiza fungi and different levels of zinc on some morphologic and agronomic traits of corn (variety KSC 704) was studied under water deficit stress. The experiment was carried out at research farm of Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, in 2006. The expe MoreEffects of mycorrhiza fungi and different levels of zinc on some morphologic and agronomic traits of corn (variety KSC 704) was studied under water deficit stress. The experiment was carried out at research farm of Islamic Azad University, Arak Branch, in 2006. The experimental design was a factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments consisted of three levels of irrigations (100%, 75% and 50% of plant water requirement), inoculation with mycorrhiza fungi at two levels (inoculated and un-inoculated with Glomus intraradices) and zinc sulphate at three levels (0, 25 and 45 kg.ha-1). Results showed that drought stress affected agronomic characteristics and grain yield. The maximum grain yield was produced with an irrigation of %100 crop water requirement. Application of mycorrhiza and zinc sulfate shifted agronomic characteristics and grain yield. Effects of mycorrhiza and zinc sulfate interactions increased grain yield. Effects of irrigation, mycorrhiza and zinc sulfate interactions affected grain yield too. However, the highest growth of agronomic traits and grain yield were obtained for the treatment of irrigation level (100%) and zinc sulphate (25 kg.ha-1) with mycorrhiza inoculation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
85 - Effects of nitrogen source and amount, and foliar application methodsof urea and micro nutrients on the yield and growth characteristics in cucumber, Cucumis sativus cv. Royal
Elnaz Shadmehr ahmad glchin saaed ShafieyThe effects of nitrogen source, amount and foliar application of urea and micro nutrients on growth traits of cucumber was studied using a factorial experiment based on completely randomizd design out in Mahneshan, Zanjan, Iran. In this study, two sources of nitro MoreThe effects of nitrogen source, amount and foliar application of urea and micro nutrients on growth traits of cucumber was studied using a factorial experiment based on completely randomizd design out in Mahneshan, Zanjan, Iran. In this study, two sources of nitrogen (urea and sulfur coated urea), three levels of nitrogen (0, 200, and 400 kg/ha) and five levels of foliar spray, including urea (2 g/l), urea + Fe-EDTA (2+2 g/l), urea + So4Zn (2+2 g/l) and urea + So4Zn + Fe-EDTA (2+2+2 g/l) were used. Nitrogen fertilizers were used befor transplanting and foliar spray was carried out when the plants were in five leaf stage and repeated in several weeks. During the growth priod, various traits such as cucumber yield, number of fruits, length and diameter of fruits, and number of lateral branches were measured. The results showed that effects of nitrogen source and amounts, and foliar application methods of urea and micro nutrients and their interaction were significant on growth traits in cucumber. The highest yield of Cucumber (1002 g/plant) was obtained by the application of 400 kg N/ha as Sulfur Coated Urea in combination with foliar spray of Urea + So4Zn + Fe-EDTA. The results showed that foliar application of nitrogen and micro nutrients increased yield, fruit number, fruit length, fruit diameter and dry matter percentage of cucumber. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Effect of zinc and boron spraying on yield and yield components of two spring lentil cultivars in Kermanshah climatic condition
Dariush Safari A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of zinc and boron spraying on yield and yield components of two spring lentil cultivars in Kermanshah, Iran in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design. The first fa More A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of zinc and boron spraying on yield and yield components of two spring lentil cultivars in Kermanshah, Iran in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design. The first factor consisted of Bilehsavar and Kimia cultivars. The second factor was spraying in four levels consisting of non-spraying, spraying with zinc sulfate at 1.5 o/oo, and boric acid 3 o/oo separated or in combination. The effects of spraying on the all studied traits were significant but except for hundred seed weight and harvest index. Bilehsavar had higher yield than Kimia cultivar. Zinc sulfate spraying also increased seed yield, biomass yield, and harvest index. Boron spraying increased the grain yield and harvest index, while combination of zinc sulfate and boric acid spraying increased number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, and plant height in Bilehsvar cultivar. Also, the results of this study were useful in the effect of leaf spraying with micronutrient fertilizers on zinc and boron, which was the most affected by the application of zinc sulfate and boric acid in conjunction with increasing number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod. Therefore, planting of Bilesavar cultivar and its spraying with both ZN and B fertilizers is recommended in Kermanshah climate condition. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of zinc and boron spraying on yield and yield components of two spring lentil cultivars in Kermanshah, Iran in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design. The first factor consisted of Bilehsavar and Kimia cultivars. The second factor was spraying in four levels consisting of non-spraying, spraying with zinc sulfate at 1.5 o/oo, and boric acid 3 o/oo separated or in combination. The effects of spraying on the all studied traits were significant but except for hundred seed weight and harvest index. Bilehsavar had higher yield than Kimia cultivar. Zinc sulfate spraying also increased seed yield, biomass yield, and harvest index. Boron spraying increased the grain yield and harvest index, while combination of zinc sulfate and boric acid spraying increased number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, and plant height in Bilehsvar cultivar. Also, the results of this study were useful in the effect of leaf spraying with micronutrient fertilizers on zinc and boron, which was the most affected by the application of zinc sulfate and boric acid in conjunction with increasing number of pods per plant and number of seeds per pod. Therefore, planting of Bilesavar cultivar and its spraying with both ZN and B fertilizers is recommended in Kermanshah climate condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Effect of foliar application of zinc on quantitative and qualitative yield of wheat under water deficit condition
Javad TabatabaeyanThe effect of foliar application of zinc on yield and seed quality of wheat under water deficit was studied as split factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2009­-­2010. Main factor was water deficit condition MoreThe effect of foliar application of zinc on yield and seed quality of wheat under water deficit was studied as split factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2009­-­2010. Main factor was water deficit condition at three levels of complete irrigation, irrigation halting after pollination, and after grain milk stage. Sub-factors were three wheat genotypes (Mahdavi, Shiraz and Pishtaz) and three different concentrations of zinc (0, 2.5 and 5 mg.kg-1). Results revealed that grain yield, total dry matter and harvest index were reduced and seed protein was increased with stress intensity increasing. All cultivars, particularly Mahdavi showed high performances at complete irrigation condition. However, Pishtaz produced higher grain yield (6107 kg) at irrigation halting after pollination. According to the results, zinc sulfate had positive significant effect on most of the studied traits and application of zinc sulfate 2.5 mg.kg-1 increased grain yield of wheat up to 27% at complete irrigation condition. Besides, zinc sulfate application increased zinc concentration in seeds, significantly. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Effect of foliar application of zinc on yield quality and quantity in wheat under water deficit
Javad TabatabaeianTo investigate the effect of foliar application of zinc on yield production and seed quality of wheat under water deficit, an experiment was conducted as split factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications during 2009 and 2010 growing sea MoreTo investigate the effect of foliar application of zinc on yield production and seed quality of wheat under water deficit, an experiment was conducted as split factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications during 2009 and 2010 growing seasons. The main plot consisted of different water conditions (complete irrigation, halted irrigation after pollination, and after grain milk stage) and sub-plots comprised three wheat genotypes including Mahdavi, Shiraz and Pishtaz and three different concentrations of zinc including 0, 2.5 and 5 mg.kg-1. The results indicated that increasing stress intensity caused decreased grain yield, total dry matter and harvest index, but seed protein increased. Although, by increase water deficit, grain yield was reduced in all cultivars. Pishtaz showed the maximum grain yield (6107 kg/ha) when irrigation halted at pollination phase. However, all varieties, especially Mahdavi, produced higher yield at complete irrigation condition. Zinc sulfate application had a positive and significant effect on the most studied traits, so that application of 2.5 mg/kg zinc sulfate at complete irrigation treatment increased grain yield up to 27% . Besides, zinc concentration of seeds increased as zinc sulfate was applied. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - Growth and yield characteristics of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) affected by different rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in Saravan, Iran
Hamid Reza Ganjali Afsaneh Kamali Deljoo Omid Azizian Shermeh Mohammad LakizahiTo study the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium different rates on some growth and yield characteristics of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.( and experiment in split-split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the S MoreTo study the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium different rates on some growth and yield characteristics of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.( and experiment in split-split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Shamsabad, Saravan Iran in 2012­-­2013. Main factor was potassium from sulphate potassium source in 0, 25 and 50 kg/ha as soil application in planting time. Phosphorus from triple superphosphate source in 0, 50 and 100 kg/ha assigned as sub-factor as soil application in planting time. Sub-sub factors was nitrogen from urea source including 0, 50, 100 kg/ha applied as topdress in early planting, branching and 50% flowering stages potassium. Pottasium and nitrogen fertilizer had significant effect on plant height, boll dry weight, thousand kernal weight and biomass. Also, phosphorus fertilizer had significant effect on all traits but seed number in boll and thousand kernal weight. Fertilizer interaction effected on studied traits significantly. Increasing in fertilizer rate increased most of vegetative and reproductive traits. The most biological yield and number of seed per boll were obtained in simultaneous application of all fertilizers. On the whole, in Saravan region soil and climate condition application of potassium and phosphorus fertilizer can be used in drought stress damages depression in roselle plantations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - The effect of halo-priming on germination indices of wheat under salinity stress
Noosheen Fallahi Ali Babaei Ghaghelestany Masomeh Asadi Gakieh Nasrin Hatami Gharah GhoviniLow seed germination and seedling emergence is one of the main problems in saline areas. Seed priming technique has been known as a challenge to improve germination and seedling emergence under different environmental stress conditions. To evaluate the effects of halo-p MoreLow seed germination and seedling emergence is one of the main problems in saline areas. Seed priming technique has been known as a challenge to improve germination and seedling emergence under different environmental stress conditions. To evaluate the effects of halo-priming on germination indices of wheat under salinity stress, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications was conducted in 2015. Treatments consisted of priming with potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium sulfate 1% and control without priming and salinity levels 0, 50, 100 and 150 mM sodium chloride. Among pretreatments, potassium nitrate and calcium sulfate reduced the effects of salinity stress on germination and other indices. Priming with potassium nitrate had the most effects on germination percentage, dry plumule and seedlings weight. Also, priming with calcium sulfate had the most effect on root fresh weight. Primed wheat seeds had better growth. On the whole, with increasing salinity levels, germination and related parameters decreased and that potassium nitrate and calcium sulfate decreased negative effects of salinity. According to result, priming with potassium nitrate and calcium sulfate is recommended for the improvement of germination and initial growth of wheat seedling under salinity stress. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - Effect of foliar application of zinc sulphate on quantitative and qualitative traits of soybean in Khorramabad region, Iran
Samira Adeli Ali Khorgami Masoud RafieeEffect of spraying zinc sulphate (ZnSo4) on yield and yield components of three soybean varieties wasstudied. A factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with four replications was carried out at the Islamic Azad University Research Farm, Khorrama MoreEffect of spraying zinc sulphate (ZnSo4) on yield and yield components of three soybean varieties wasstudied. A factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with four replications was carried out at the Islamic Azad University Research Farm, Khorramabad region, in 2009. Factors were three varieties of soybean named, m7, m9, L17 and zinc sulphate solution spray at three levels of 0, 0.002 and 0.004 kg/l that applied at flowering and pod stages. Characteristics like seed yield, biological yield, oil percentage, oil yield, number of nodes per stem, average length of mid-node and harvest index were measured. The results showed that genotypes had a significant effect (p≤0.01) on seed yield, oil yield and biological yield (p≤0.05). Comparison of means (using Duncan's multiple range test) indicated that the highest seed yield (2130.9 kg /ha) and biological yield (2452.3 kg/ha) were obtained for the variety L17. The effect of different levels of ZnSo4 spraying and their interaction with variety showed significant differences (p≤0.05) on oil percentage and its value was reduced. The main effect of zinc sulphate spraying, variety and their interactions were not significant for the traits like stem diameter, number of nodes per stem, average length of mid-node and harvest index. Indeed, application of zinc sulphate solution on seed yield was not statistically significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Spring durum wheat Zn, Mn and B seed priming in field conditions
Hamideh Shirvani sarakhsi Ebrahim Khalilvand BehrouzyarTo study the effect of various micronutrients concentrations as seed priming on spring durum wheat, an experiment was conducted in factorial experiment based on completely randomized design in three replications at Research Station of Tabriz University during growing se MoreTo study the effect of various micronutrients concentrations as seed priming on spring durum wheat, an experiment was conducted in factorial experiment based on completely randomized design in three replications at Research Station of Tabriz University during growing seasons of 2012-2013. Treatments were priming by water and concentrations of 1, 3 and 5 mg/kg of ZnSo4, MnSO4, and H3BO3. Interaction of micronutrients and of concentrations of seed priming had significant effect on dry weight per plant, harvest index, dry weight of stem, length of spike (p Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Effects of potassium sulfate (K2SO4) on quantity and quality of AGRIA and SATINA potato cultivars in miyaneh region, Iran
Amir Ghanbari Manoochehr Farboodi Rahim Alimohammadi Ali Faramarzi Soleiman Jamshidi Shagayeg ShamspourIn order to survey of various amounts of potassium sulfate fertilizer and it’s effect on quantity and quality of potato Agria and Satina cultivars, an experiment was conducted in the educational-researching farm of Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh branch in 2004 g MoreIn order to survey of various amounts of potassium sulfate fertilizer and it’s effect on quantity and quality of potato Agria and Satina cultivars, an experiment was conducted in the educational-researching farm of Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh branch in 2004 growing season. The experiment design was factorial based on randomized complete block design with 24 treatments and 3 replications. The experimental plots were including 1st treatment i.e. NP (conventional application), the 1st treatment + 50 kg/ha of K2So4, 1st treatment + 100 kg/ha of K2So4, and 1st treatment + 150 kg/ha of K2So4. The cultivation, husbandry and harvesting stages were conducted according to recommended standard methods. During the experiment and after harvesting, quantitative and qualitative indexes were recorded and measured. The indexes such as final number of the main and lateral stems (FS), plant height (H), number of tuber (NT), dry weight of tuber (DWT), wet weight of tuber (WWT), dry plant weight (DPW), wet plant weight (WPW), tuber nitrogen (TN) and Tuber protein (TP) were measured. Data were analyzed by Excel, MSTATC and SAS. According to ANOVA table, the main effect of genotype, fertilizer treatment and also interaction between fertilizer * genotype on growth indexes and yield in 0.01 probability were significant, but the Agria and Satina was different in view point of fertilizer responding. In the other word, a certain fertilizer treatment is needed for each cultivar and we can not consider the same fertilizer treatment for all cultivars. The most suitable fertilizer treatment for both cultivars was the 4th treatment (1st treatment + 150 kg/ha K2So4) in Miyaneh region condition, but totally Agria had advantages in dry and wet weight and other indexes than Satina. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - The effect of micronutrients on yield, yield components and essential oils of chamomile (Chamomilla recutita L.)
mehran mahmoudi yusof niknezhad hormoz falah mohammad ansariA field experiment was conducted under controlled conditions in completely randomized factorial design with three soil application doses of zn sulphate and drought stress with three replications in Chalus, Mazandaran province, Iran on 1th March, 2015. The treatment MoreA field experiment was conducted under controlled conditions in completely randomized factorial design with three soil application doses of zn sulphate and drought stress with three replications in Chalus, Mazandaran province, Iran on 1th March, 2015. The treatments were included three amounts of Zinc sulphate (0, 30 and 60 kg.ha-1) and three amounts of stress (90, 70 and 50% of field capacity). Analysis of variance showed that the interaction between zinc sulphate and stress on all the mentioned traits were significant. The comparison of means of interaction between stress and Zinc sulphate levels for the mentioned traits showed that the most number of branch (10.61), dry weight (3.420) and fresh weight of plant (33.690) by the treatment of s0z1 obtained. The most amounts of dry and fresh weight of flower by the treatment of s0z2 (respectively 35.58 and 145.09) obtained. Also the most measurements of essential oil (6.27) and plant height (47.91) by the treatment of s2z2 and diameter of flower by the treatment of s1z2 (6.89). And also the most amounts of flower (27.70) by the treatment of control obtained. Based on the results of this experiment the usage of zn had no meaning effects on plant height, number of branch, plant dry weight and essential oils of German chamomile. And also stress had no meaning effects on plant height. Manuscript profile
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