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Open Access Article
1 - Designing a Corporate Foresight Measure and Its Impact on Organizational Performance (Studied Case: Banking Industry)
Mahdi Joneidi Jafari Rohullah Bayat farhad se talani safar fazliThis article aims to design a model for corporate foresight capability and its impacts on organizational performance in the banking industry of Iran. In this research, first, the review of literature on corporate foresight from the process and content perspectives is pr MoreThis article aims to design a model for corporate foresight capability and its impacts on organizational performance in the banking industry of Iran. In this research, first, the review of literature on corporate foresight from the process and content perspectives is presented, and then we have examined and analyzed the components and dimensions of corporate foresight. Corporate foresight is an ability that includes any structural or cultural element that enables the company to detect discontinuous change early, interpret the consequences for the company, and formulate effective responses to ensure the long-term survival and success of the company. The research is of practical purpose and research method is a mixed method and is cross-sectional in time. The data collection tool has been collected and analyzed in the qualitative part including library and Delphi methods from academic and industry experts (15 experts) and in the quantitative part using questionnaire, the data research were collected and analyzed from the banking industry of Iran including 30 banks (Commercial Government banks, Specialized Government banks, Gharzolhasaneh and Non-Government Banks). . The validity of the model is verified by structural equation modeling. The results show that we can examine and promote the corporate foresight using the components of proposed measurement model. The ratings Corporate Foresight components in Iranian banking industry are also investigated. The results showed that corporate foresight affect organizational performance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The Effect of Psychological Traits and Compulsive Usage in Creating Technostress
Hamed Dehghanan Mohamad Mahdi Ahmadi Abolfazl AlizadehSmartphones have become necessities in people’ lives. This study investigates the relationships between psychological traits and the compulsive behaviors of smartphone users. We conducted an empirical study consisting of 647 participants of smartphone user’s MoreSmartphones have become necessities in people’ lives. This study investigates the relationships between psychological traits and the compulsive behaviors of smartphone users. We conducted an empirical study consisting of 647 participants of smartphone user’s of tehran.to examaine the data we use lisrel8.8 and spss. The results suggest that compulsive usage of smartphone and technostress are positively related to psychological traits including locus of control, social interaction anxiety and the need for touch except materialism. Gender differences are also found in the aforementioned relationships. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Sustainable Prefabricated Structure Design by Salt Sediment Inspired from Material Distribution Optimization of Human Trabecular Bone
Azin Jalali mahmoud golabchiNature can be an interesting source of human inspiration for design and inventions. Man has been always related to the nature in different levels. Bionic Architecture is a new trend in contemporary world that benefits from sustainable nature`s solutions for human proble MoreNature can be an interesting source of human inspiration for design and inventions. Man has been always related to the nature in different levels. Bionic Architecture is a new trend in contemporary world that benefits from sustainable nature`s solutions for human problems. There are two main methods of bio inspired design, First: Bottom-Up or solution based method, Second: Top-Down or problem based method. The authors used Top-Down or problem based method to find the article`s main question: How to design a sustainable self-growing and self-compacting structure which is cheap and uses minimum material. First there was problem of construction with minimum material usage and ecosystem damage, then human bone as an inspiring source was focused on, and abstracted form modeled by 3D printers can lead this basic prototype to industrial mass production. This article aims to find a solution for problem of over extracting materials from environment which is a factor of unsustainability in architecture and construction industry. It tries to discover the pattern of how structures optimize their material usage to build their selves. Natural structures extract needed materials from their context gradually, an example of these structures in nature is human bone that have balance between strength, weigh and material distribution. How to simulate this semi prefabricated, self-compacting and intelligent structure able to self-healing and self-destroying itself in essential parts and gradually extract material from its context environment grows and completes itself is the result of this article. The process of simulation from natural model to industrial sample is discussed in the main text. The process contains these steps: Discovering bone structure, Abstracting bone pattern, Simulating bone growth, and providing sediment phase. Bone structure can be simulated into two different ways. One of them is using random points as basic matrix and the other one is Voronoi pattern. Both of these methods can be modeled by Grasshopper plugin and Rhino software. After modeling abstracted Trabecular pattern as basic matrix, it can be made by 3D printers which use cheap and abundant material like sand. The basic sand matrix is put into over salinized water to become more and more compacted by time duration and salt sediments. The Piezoelectric property of the bone cells could be ignited by external forces is the basic cause of calcium ions absorption from bloodstream and calcium precipitation on bone matrix. Bone grows up according to the direction of the external force vectors. Simulation of this dynamic process in a smart structure that builds and destroys and repairs itself is proposed to use Quarts sensors which has the same piezoelectric feature and can simulate the behavior of bone calcium precipitation by making heat from the forces that have to bear and making heat as reaction. The material for process of structure growth is salt (sea salt). As the water of Persian Gulf or Lake Urmia is facing over salinization crisis, extracting salt from these over salty water and returning less salty water to its source can supply environmental sustainability of this kind of construction method. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Evaluation of Zataria multiflora and Salvia leriifolia extract on the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics in sausage formulation during refrigerated storage
Nasrin Choobkar Maryam Mousavi Abdoreza Aghajani -
Open Access Article
5 - Quality assessment of unfermented sausage by partial replacement of sodium nitrite with ethanolic extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis and Berberis vulgaris
Abdoreza Aghajani Shaghayegh Khorasani Nasrin Choobkar -
Open Access Article
6 - The combined effect of Bacillus coagulans, potassium chloride, and yeast extract on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of a functional vegetable sausage
Davoud Soleimani Ramin Khorrami Afshin Akhondzadeh Basti Ali Khanjari -
Open Access Article
7 - Evaluation of Zataria multiflora and Salvia leriifolia extract on the physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics of sausage during refrigerated storage
Maryam Mousavi Nasrin Choobkar Abdoreza Aghajani -
Open Access Article
8 - Usages of Social Networking Websites among Undergraduate Students
Morteza Moradgholi Mohammad Hadi Mansour Lakoorej -
Open Access Article
9 - Social and Economic Factors Influencing Developmental Orientation (Case of Study: Residents of Shahr-e Kord City)
Mansour Haghighatian -
Open Access Article
10 - Surveying the effect of objective dimensions of electronic payment on using electronic payment systems with moderating role of perceived security and perceived trust of electronic transfer in Mellat Bank branches in Sari city
Rohoallah Alizadeh Seyed Mehdi Hosseini Ozineh Elham khaniAbstract Present study tries to survey the effect of objective dimensions of electronic payment on using electronic payment systems with mediating role of subjective dimensions of electronic payment in Mellat Bank branches of Sari city. From standpoint of goal, this stu MoreAbstract Present study tries to survey the effect of objective dimensions of electronic payment on using electronic payment systems with mediating role of subjective dimensions of electronic payment in Mellat Bank branches of Sari city. From standpoint of goal, this study is an applied study and from method point of view is a survey – descriptive and cause - reason study. Statistical population is customers of Mellat Bank branches in Sari city which their numbers are infinite. The questionnaires were distributed randomly and relative classified among 395 customers. The data was analyzed using structural equations and Lisrel software. The results indicate that objective dimensions of electronic payment has impact on using electronic payment systems with mediating role of subjective dimensions of electronic payment in branches of Mellat Bank in Sari city. In this regard, all hypothesis were confirmed and finally some recommendations were provided to branches of Mellat Bank in Sari city. Keywords: Technical securities, transaction processes, security statements, perceived security, perceived trust, the usage of electronic payment system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - The Effect of Brand Personality and Brand Image on Word of Mouth
Marjan Daneshian Shahnaz Nayebzadeh Mahmoud Moien Addin Akram EghbaliBrand interest is an important concept in brand-customer relationships, and brand managers are trying to create popular brands, but this concept has been less focused on marketing research; the impact of brand image and brand on brand interest has been limited in empiri MoreBrand interest is an important concept in brand-customer relationships, and brand managers are trying to create popular brands, but this concept has been less focused on marketing research; the impact of brand image and brand on brand interest has been limited in empirical research. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the three concepts of brand personality consistency, brand image consistency and image consistency of brand use on brand interest, brand loyalty, attitude toward brand, and, finally, the effect of these three variables on oral advertising has been done. Data were collected through a questionnaire and data analysis was performed using the LISREL software and the structural equation technique. In this research, a sample of 200 car owners from Hyundai brand in Yazd city has been selected. This study provides evidence that the three self-concept concepts can create a completely different brand image in the minds of the consumer, which subsequently influences the attitude, interest, and brand loyalty of the brand. The findings show that brand identity and image consistency are more powerful predictors of brand interest, brand loyalty, brand attitude and oral advertising than consumer brand image consistency. The results of this research recommend marketing managers to pay particular attention to brand personality and image as intangible features and product simplicity benefits. It is suggested that future researches of various statistical societies, brands and different classes of products be examined. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Surveying the Effect of Objective Dimensions of Electronic Payment on Using Electronic Payment Systems with Moderating Role of Perceived Security and Perceived Trust of Electronic Transfer in Mellat Bank
R. Alizadeh S. M. HosseiniOzineh E. KhaniPresent study tries to survey the effect of objective dimensions of electronic payment on using electronic payment systems with mediating role of subjective dimensions of electronic payment in Mellat Bank branches of Sari city. From standpoint of goal, this study is an MorePresent study tries to survey the effect of objective dimensions of electronic payment on using electronic payment systems with mediating role of subjective dimensions of electronic payment in Mellat Bank branches of Sari city. From standpoint of goal, this study is an applied study and from method point of view is a survey – descriptive and cause - reason study. Statistical population is customers of Mellat Bank branches in Sari city which their numbers are infinite. The questionnaires were distributed randomly and relative classified among 395 customers. The data was analyzed using structural equations and Lisrel software. The results indicate that objective dimensions of electronic payment has impact on using electronic payment systems with mediating role of subjective dimensions of electronic payment in branches of Mellat Bank in Sari city. In this regard, all hypothesis were confirmed and finally some recommendations were provided to branches of Mellat Bank in Sari city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - School, the Family, Healthy Life Style among High School Students in the city of Esfahan
mansour haghighatianAbstract:The life style of the adolescents has undergone dramatic changes in recent years. The wide-spread use of fast-foods, the problems and dangers of urban living and the resultant lack of physical activity, increasing usage of the media and gaining familiarity with MoreAbstract:The life style of the adolescents has undergone dramatic changes in recent years. The wide-spread use of fast-foods, the problems and dangers of urban living and the resultant lack of physical activity, increasing usage of the media and gaining familiarity with the cultures of different countries, and so forth, have led to vast changes in consumption behaviors and life styles of the young. Utilizing the ideas of scholars such as Pierre Bourdieu and Anthony Giddens, this article aims to investigate the effects of variables such as teacher’s behaviors, academic materials, and parents’ way of living, foreign media usage (namely the internet and satellite TV), parents’ socio-economic status, and friends on students’ healthy life style. The research population consisted of all male and female high school students of the city of Isfahan of which, using Cochran's formula, 385 individuals were chosen as the sample. The results showed that the mean score of healthy life style of the students was 2/4 out of 5 which was below the medium level. Statistical analysis results showed that foreign media usage, parent's socio-economic status, and parent's way of living had more influence on students’ health-oriented life style.Key terms: healthy life style, foreign media usage, parents’ socio-economic status, parents’ way of living, friends Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Effective Social Factors on Social Isolation of the Youth (Case of Study: Isfahan City)
Mansour Haghighatian -
Open Access Article
15 - School, the Family, Healthy Life Style among High School Students in the City of Esfahan
Mansour HaghighatianThe life style of the adolescents has undergone dramatic changes in recent years. The wide-spread use of fast-foods, the problems and dangers of urban living and the resultant lack of physical activity, increasing usage of the media and gaining familiarity with the cult MoreThe life style of the adolescents has undergone dramatic changes in recent years. The wide-spread use of fast-foods, the problems and dangers of urban living and the resultant lack of physical activity, increasing usage of the media and gaining familiarity with the cultures of different countries, and so forth, have led to vast changes in consumption behaviors and life styles of the young. Utilizing the ideas of scholars such as Pierre Bourdieu and Anthony Giddens, this article aims to investigate the effects of variables such as teacher’s behaviors, academic materials, and parents’ way of living, foreign media usage (namely the internet and satellite TV), parents’ socio-economic status, and friends on students’ healthy life style. The research population consisted of all male and female high school students of the city of Isfahan of which, using Cochran's formula, and 385 individuals are chosen as the sample. The results show that the mean score of healthy life style of the students was 2.4 out of 5 which is below the medium level. Statistical analysis results show that foreign media usage, parent's socio-economic status, and parent's way of living had more influence on students’ health-oriented life style. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Review of operational and body changes procedure of the old texture of Tehran city: An Emphasis on Are 4 ،Region 11
اصغر Nazarian ابوالفضل Meshkini نرگس AhmadiFardRegion 11 of Theran city, as one of the twenty two regions of Tehran city, with thearea about 1200 ha and the population about 245000 person, is one of the importantcentral regions of tehran the great city. The current area of this region has been locatedon proximity of MoreRegion 11 of Theran city, as one of the twenty two regions of Tehran city, with thearea about 1200 ha and the population about 245000 person, is one of the importantcentral regions of tehran the great city. The current area of this region has been locatedon proximity of the historical core of tehran and some of its parts (the east ern parts) isa section of this core. As this regard, the region has many elements, residentalstructures and general spaces in regard of historical antiquity, with special agriculturaland historical values which it is important opter the region 12. The present study hasbeen focused on one of the four- areas (area 4) from the region 11 ،and it has beenreviewed the operational and body changes procedure of the region and the mentionedarea partiaulrely.The special characteristics of this area are the various usages and activities, thatinclude much important politics governmental centers, particular markets with overregionaand over-city operations ،the big industrial units, special usoges and specialhospitals. As well, it has been reviewed the role and eftects of the public investmentsand politics onto the operationa and body changes of the area. The reviews and studieshave been indicated that it has been provided the community changes theme as a resultof the emigration from the 1340’s, and it has been obliterated the body textures by theland cost reduction; but in recent decades, the region 11 has found the new roles aalong with the national planning, with the country inbestments in the great tehran ،andthe basic operational and body changes have been created in the are 4, along with thenational and regional activities. The research, as well as review of above changes, haveprovided som methods in the light of reduction of the regional and areal problems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Development of a New Formulation for Low Fat and Functional Sausage
Elnaz Zeinalzadeh Maryam Mizani Mohammad Chamani Abbas GeramiIntroduction: It has been proved that certain dietary fat and cholesterol cause cardiovascular diseases and obesity and there is an increasing consumers’ demand for low fat and low calorie food products. Therefore the aim of this research work is to develop and fo MoreIntroduction: It has been proved that certain dietary fat and cholesterol cause cardiovascular diseases and obesity and there is an increasing consumers’ demand for low fat and low calorie food products. Therefore the aim of this research work is to develop and formulate a low fat meat product namely the functional sausage.Materials and Methods: In order to reduce the fat and cholesterol contents of the product and produce a low fat and functional sausage, 25% of full fat meat (17% fat) in the formulation was replaced with 1.2% and 1.7% dietary fiber, (z-trim originated from corn) and calcium gluconate (20% RDA) as a calcium source. A series of physicochemical tests were carried out on the formulated product to understand the behavior of finished low fat, functional sausage.Results: The results indicated that the fat, cholesterol and calorie contents were reduced by 34%-63%, 35%-51% and 27%-46% respectively as compared to the control.Conclusion: A combination of corn z-trim and calcium gluconate improves the physicochemical and nutritional properties as well as the emulsification quality of the formulated product. 1.7% z-trim and calcium gluconate was selected as the best formulation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - The Effect of Partial Replacement of Meat with Gelatin on the Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Sausage
نادیا Shokraneh مریم Mizani S. E. Hosseini عسگر Farahnaki عباس GeramiIntroduction: In the formulation of meat products such as sausages, some non meat proteinsand non protein hydrocolloids are usually employed to improve the rheological properties,nutritional value and reduce the fat content, therefore gelatin might be considered as an o MoreIntroduction: In the formulation of meat products such as sausages, some non meat proteinsand non protein hydrocolloids are usually employed to improve the rheological properties,nutritional value and reduce the fat content, therefore gelatin might be considered as an optionamong others. In this study, bone- gelatin gel has been used in beef sausage in order to reducethe amount of meat and also evaluate its effect on the physicochemical and sensory propertiesof the final product.Materials and Methods: Physicochemical analysis (moisture, ash, protein, fat, pH, bloomand viscosity) have been accomplished on bovine bone gelatin. A 20% gel of gelatin wasprepared and used at the concentrations of 0, 3, 5 and 10% as meat substitute in the sausageformulation. Samples were produced in two batches and analyzed for chemical, physical andsensory characteristics.Results: Moisture and fat contents of all of the samples were lower than the control, thereforein sausage with 10% gelatin, the highest reductions (3.69 and 3.87%, respectively) wereobserved. The results of texture profile analysis showed that by increasing gelatinconcentration in the formulation, the hardness was decreased but cohesiveness was increased.Meanwhile the addition of gelatin leads to an increase in the parameter b* as compared to thecontrol. All of the gelatin- containing samples obtained higher scores from overallacceptability aspect in the sensory tests.Conclusion: According to the results regarding physicochemical and sensory tests, thesample containing 5% gelatin gel might be selected as the most suitable formulation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Effect of Sesame and Soybean Meal Mixture on Physicochemical, Textural Properties of Sausage
Z. Izadkhasti M. Fazel H. AbbasiIntroduction: In this study, according to the increasing production of meat products with higher nutritional value, the flour of sesame press cake, which is the waste of sesame seed oil extraction factory, was used as a low-priced supplement and rich in protein, fiber a MoreIntroduction: In this study, according to the increasing production of meat products with higher nutritional value, the flour of sesame press cake, which is the waste of sesame seed oil extraction factory, was used as a low-priced supplement and rich in protein, fiber and minerals, together with soy meal in the formulation of sausage of 40% chicken meat. Materials and Methods: Soy and sesame meal at concentrations of 2, 4, and 6% (100% sesame meal, 50% sesame meal and 50% soy meal, 100% soy meal) were added to the product to replace the wheat flour and compared to the control concerning the physicochemical (pH and moisture), color and textural properties of the samples (hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, springiness and shear force). Results: By assessing the physicochemical and textural properties of the samples during storage period, the amount of pH, hardness and shear force increased and moisture content and cohesiveness, L*, a* and b* of the samples decreased and no significant change was observed in the springiness of the samples. Increasing the amount of substitution in the samples caused increases in L* of the samples and shear force and reduced the amount of pH, hardness, springiness, cohesiveness and a* of the samples. On the other hand, by increasing the ratio of sesame meal, the moisture content, pH, hardness, shear force, cohesiveness, b* and a* of the samples were reduced. Conclusion: The use of sesame meal and soya in production of German sausage can produce acceptable product concerned with physicochemical and textural properties and higher nutritional value. The substitution of 3% sesame meal and 3% soy meal was introduced as the best sample. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - The Effect of Replacing Chicken Paste with Gelatin Chicken Feet on Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Hot Dog Chicken Sausage
M. Milani A.R. Rahman S.E. HoseiniIntroduction: Gelatin is one of the most important biopolymers that is widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries. High demand for halal food has increased the need for gelatin in the food industry. Gelatin is one of the few proteins suitable for industrial produ MoreIntroduction: Gelatin is one of the most important biopolymers that is widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries. High demand for halal food has increased the need for gelatin in the food industry. Gelatin is one of the few proteins suitable for industrial production using by-products of meat factories.Materials and Methods: Gelatin was extracted from chicken feet and subjected to physicochemical tests (moisture, ash, protein, fat, pH and extraction efficiency). It was substituted in chicken hot dog sausage formulation at five levels of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% instead of chicken paste. Physicochemical and sensory properties of sausages containing gelatin chicken feet were investigated with a control sample during 45 days of storage. Five samples of hot dog sausages were prepared in three replications and the average quantitative and qualitative characteristics were compared using Duncan test at a significant level of five percent (p<0.05) using SPSS software version 21.Results: Gelatin from chicken feet was extracted by acidic method and the results showed the amount of ash; 2.45%, moisture; 6.5%, protein; 82.39%, fat; zero%, pH before and after drying 3.2 and 6.5 respectively and extraction efficiency (based on fresh weight) was 5.43%. The results showed that by adding gelatin chicken feet instead of a part of chicken paste in hot dog sausage, the amount of ash and protein increased (p≥0.05) and the amount of fat decreased significantly (p<0.05). By increasing gelatin chicken feet in chicken hot dog sausage, pH, humidity and cooking loss and sensory (taste, color, texture and overall acceptance) decreased significantly (p≥0.05). During the storage period, by increasing storage time from the day of production to the 45th day, the pH increased significantly (p≥0.05), the amount of moisture, cooking loss and sensory properties (taste, color, texture and overall acceptance) decreased (p≥0.05) in all treatments. On the 45th day, maintenance of texture properties (hardness, gumminess, chewiness) decreased (p<0.05) while the reduction of cohesiveness and elasticity was not significant.Conclusion: According to the results concluded the treatment containing 25% gelatin from chicken feet was the superior. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - The Effect of Coating with Green Tea Extract and Collagen Fiber on Quality Attributes of Vacuum Packaged Sausage
N. Shokraneh P. Ariaii F. Rasouli Ghahrodi F. Hasannia S. Sabbaghpour -
Open Access Article
22 - Evaluating the effects of energy and economic growth on Carbon dioxide emission (using spatial panel data)
hedayat hossinzadeh mehdi moradiBackground and Objective: Energy is one of the most important inputs in production. Energy usage and energy diffusion of fossil fuels in process of production cause greenhouse gases (CO2) emission and destruction of environment. According to the importance of issues lik MoreBackground and Objective: Energy is one of the most important inputs in production. Energy usage and energy diffusion of fossil fuels in process of production cause greenhouse gases (CO2) emission and destruction of environment. According to the importance of issues like energy usage and economic growth, this paper, concerning the effects of proximity, evaluates the effects of energy usage and economic growth on emission of Carbon dioxide (CO2) in MENA Zone countries during the period of 1994-2013. In every country, greenhouse gases (CO2) emission is the function of not only domestic factors but also economic activities of neighboring countries. Material and Methodology: In order to investigate the impact of energy consumption, economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions in the Middle East and North Africa, LM test was used to examine the spatial dependence between variables and then the research model was estimated using the spatial panel data approach.Findings: The results of the model estimation indicate that proximity effect is verified in the model studying on. Also, the results show that log variable of energy usage has positive and significant effect on CO2 emission. Log variable of income per capita affects CO2 emission positively and significantly, and square log variable of per capita income has negative and significant effect on dependent variable.Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the research results, the environmental hypothesis of Kuznets is accepted for the studied countries. Therefore, reducing energy consumption can be suggested as a way to reduce pollution. Taking into account the effect of technology, two strategies can be proposed: firstly, the improvement of the technology of using fossil energies to increase energy efficiency and reduce pollution, and secondly, the use of renewable energy carriers and clean fuels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - A Study on the Effects of Food Industry Sewage on the Agricultural Water in Dezful
neda mohamadi Ali Dadolahi sohrabFood industries are one of the most important industries in our country that have significant ratio in the production of crop, the usage of water and the production of sewage. Food industries located in Dezful consist of: Golestan Agric-industrial Company (Saei oil), De MoreFood industries are one of the most important industries in our country that have significant ratio in the production of crop, the usage of water and the production of sewage. Food industries located in Dezful consist of: Golestan Agric-industrial Company (Saei oil), Dez Dasht Company (Takin meaty productions), Khuzestan leaven Company and poultry Company that their sewage vacates into agricultural drain. This research is aimed on the effect of company sewage in the quality of drain waste for agricultural usages under the support and protection of General agency of Khuzestan Environmental Protection. Considering the facilities and restriction, it's considered sampling four stations around each factory, first station (upward factory as first Shahed), second station (exit sewage factory), third station (200 meter from drainage), forth station (500 meter from drainage). Samples are done in both summer and winter. Physical-chemical parameters of water and sewage in each factory such as PH, turbidity, ISS, EC, BOD, COD,, , oil and fat, phosphate, Koli Form sums, Nickel, Kadiom and Iron are analyzed. Statistical analysis on final results from sampling of observational stations showed that there wasn't a meaningful difference in % 95 confidence levels between measured parameter in both summer and winter in all factories. Also, there wasn't a meaningful difference in both summer and winter with the same confidence level between stations. The discussion on changing the procedure showed the more increase of factories from Shahed station and their decrease in 4 stations (500meter); however, they had maximum distance from standard of Iran Environmental Protection Agency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Analyzing the climatic usage balcony in the residential buildings of Tabriz on the basis of national provisions of building
Hassan Ebrahimi Asl Ramin Kalantar Elnaz Haji ValiliBackground and Objective : According to the equality Terms and conditions of twenty-two national building regulations topics in all cities of Iran and being forced to run them around the country, balcony design course is the same in terms of size and its only appearance MoreBackground and Objective : According to the equality Terms and conditions of twenty-two national building regulations topics in all cities of Iran and being forced to run them around the country, balcony design course is the same in terms of size and its only appearance is different. However, each climate has its own requirements for the design. The aim of this article is study about balcony climate features in residential buildings in Tabriz, according to the national building regulations. Method: This article is based on analytical-descriptive research collecting information based on documents and comparative.At first, by using the canopy depth formula, canopy depth and penetration of sunlight into the buildings in Tabriz are calculated and once again, this process is repeated according to the national building regulations, and finally the results are checked through the two methods. Findings: In the condition of N=0, the difference in penetration of sun in the south side of building, between regulations and optimum condition is 71 cm, and in the condition of N=15, is 59 cm. Discussion and Conclusion: the results show that, balcony with only climate feature and using as a canopy, with depth of 1.2m is more than enough and it is absorbing the sunshine to enter into the building. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - A new model for evaluation of Iran’s ecological capabilities to establish service and civil development application (case study: district 22 of Tehran
Seyed Ali Jozi Sahar RezaianAbstract Ecological capability evaluation is to realize the potentialities of a land in the form of expected and achievable applications. This study is aimed to design a new model for service and civil development application to be employed in the evaluation of the coun MoreAbstract Ecological capability evaluation is to realize the potentialities of a land in the form of expected and achievable applications. This study is aimed to design a new model for service and civil development application to be employed in the evaluation of the country’s ecological capability studies. To this end, first the frequency of sustainable and unsustainable ecological factors inIranwas identified. Then, theDelphimethod which is a branch of phase theory methods was used. Prioritization of effective ecological factors and assessment of the frequency value of each factor were made by completing 750 questionnaires for desired branches (Delphigroup). The gathered data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11.0. After being designed, the model was introduced to the geographical information system using Arc info program. The model’s sensitivity analysis test was done with the purpose of determining the extent to which favorable responses are affected by certain changes in the target function through Simplex method using lingo software. This model is used in the evaluation of ecological capability at the time of analyzing the ecological resources of the field under examination and after preparing the map of environmental units. In fact, environmental units map is considered as the fundamental map in ecological capability evaluation studies. To asses the capabilities of the new method, ecological capability of District 22 in the city ofTehranwas evaluated as a case study and the service and civil development application map was prepared using Arc view GIS 3.2a program. The results of the study show that the points given to environmental units vary from zero to sixty-five. Such restricting factors as the existence of some environmental units along the river bank, fold passages, and hilly areas prevent these units from being allocated to service and civil development applicati Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Management of practical pollution reduction of Qomrud River
Saeed yarmohammadi Mahmood Sharieat Seyed masood monavar monavari Parvin farshchiQomrood is one of the rivers which has little water and it flows in the central part of Iran. This river flows from northern regions of Zargos Mountains and it joins Qarechi river in Masileh area and it flows to salt lake of Qom in north east of the city of Qom. Qomroo MoreQomrood is one of the rivers which has little water and it flows in the central part of Iran. This river flows from northern regions of Zargos Mountains and it joins Qarechi river in Masileh area and it flows to salt lake of Qom in north east of the city of Qom. Qomrood river is 19000 square kilometers and the length of its main branch is estimated to be 288 kilometers. This river flows from south east to north east. The main water of this river is provided by Golpayegan Dam. The main and major length of its region is 3724 meters and its minor length is 810 meters in the exit in Masileh area. Two main Dams of Panzdaheh Khordad dam with 200 million square meters capacity and Golpaygan dam with 46/5 million square meters capacity have been made in front of this river. The existence of agricultural land beside the river causes damages to this river. And the river has been made muddy, and it reduced the quality of the river while river has the least water in summer especially around Bahgherabad Bride is very much polluted. To preserve, and cleaning the Ecosystem of Qomrood river realizing the source of pollution around the river and clarifying the type, and amount of pollution and its entrance to river is very much important. Taking sample in accordance with its flowing and its minor branches, and industrial, and agricultural villages, and cities pollution and making the transportation easy and reaching to these sample making centers in different seasons and these places are selected because of its little distance to these centers of Hydrometers. Approximately, there are 8 to 12 centers in the length of Qomrood river and the amount of BOD5, COD,TURB, TEMP, COND, DO,PH have been tested, and from the objects (IDS) in Emamzadeh Abdullah (a.s) Qaleh cham , Khalajabad Bridge, receive the majority of these objects also the main dark TURB is in Qalehcham region Fara asphalte Bridge, Khalajabad Bridge Hamvarlakhah is more than the other centers and sand washing units cause these activities in this regions. Leading the water to panzdaheh khordad Dam and the water is influenced by salty lands menwhile entering the dirty water of Ro system to be cleaned to be cleaned and in Enghelab Bridge of this one of the reasons of increasing the EC of the water of the river. In the studies it has been clarified that agricultural, industrial, man made, and city pollution has made the Ecosystem of the river dirty. Entrance of pollution to the river causes the increase of chemicals and decrease oxygen of water, and it caused the death of water creatures specially fishes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Application of attention industry in Surah Anbiya
Mehrdad Aghaei fazil AbaszadahAbstractThe Holy Quran, as the King of the Book of Existence, despite its abandonment among human societies, especially among Muslims, contains many thematic themes and novelties that all rhetorical and syntactic books have made the most of this great book. . The attent MoreAbstractThe Holy Quran, as the King of the Book of Existence, despite its abandonment among human societies, especially among Muslims, contains many thematic themes and novelties that all rhetorical and syntactic books have made the most of this great book. . The attention industry is one of the most common literary industries used in Arabic and Persian, which has long been used by speakers and writers. The rhetoricians, syntacticians, critics, and commentators have each provided definitions of attention that have changed over time. Therefore, the attitude of the new rhetorician is different from the old rhetoric towards this literary industry. This research aims to examine the difference between the view of rhetoricians at different times in this literary array and also the difference in the amount of examples of this industry in Surah Anbiya in the seventeenth part of the Holy Quran. Pay.Keywords: Holy Quran, Surah Anbiya, Al-Tafat Industry, Usage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Civil liability arising from the implementation of the Law extermination keep users
ali noorani سید مهدی میرداداشی ابراهیم دلشاد معارفBased on increase of changing the garden and agricultural land usage of country and the decision of government to counter fronting this issue and protecting the usage of agricultural lands for substantial development, and based on law, the agricultural (Jahad-Keshavarzi MoreBased on increase of changing the garden and agricultural land usage of country and the decision of government to counter fronting this issue and protecting the usage of agricultural lands for substantial development, and based on law, the agricultural (Jahad-Keshavarzi) organization of provinces is chosen as the responsible of this important issue.Since the implementation of tin and cut illegal land use changes Mtabqtbsrh 2 Article 10 of the said law, Rasavbdvn judicial sentence carried out (by the authority of law)In most cases because the damage done by mechanical devices Inevitably brings damage. The purpose of this studyExplaining the government's civil liability Or his staffIn the lawBased on jurisprudence and legal rules whichIt looks at whereGovernment employee on purpose or gross errorThe damage caused to othersIs responsibleOtherwiseIn the case of State responsibilityAnd in most casesaccording toWarningruleThe government will have no liability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - The Comparative Study of Using Learning Theories in Instruction Process and its relationship with Mathematical Application Score's in Islamic Countries
mehdi namdari heidar karimyan هیمن رحیمیEntitled as " a proper thinking method", mathematics is one of the basic courses in the world education systems .comprehensively evaluating this course as well as identifying it's relation with learning theories indexes would pave the way for better instruction and lear MoreEntitled as " a proper thinking method", mathematics is one of the basic courses in the world education systems .comprehensively evaluating this course as well as identifying it's relation with learning theories indexes would pave the way for better instruction and learning. Regarding TIMSS (2007), this study assessed the use of learning theories indexes in instruction process and its role in math application in Islamic nations that were equal in Gross National Product (GNP). This research considering the effectiveness of learning theories on math application was of correlation type. Amongst the Islamic countries, Bosnia, Algeria, Tunisia, Iran, and Jordan were selected. All eight grade students during the academic year of 2007 in these Islamic countries were considered as the statistical population. The statistical sample, then, was selected thorough three stage stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected by means of a questionnaire with 17 items about learning strategies (by reliability of 0/83) and a math application test with 88 questions. Then, the validity of instruments was approved by the psychometric and educational psychology experts. Required data derived from TIMSS and PIRLS website. Taking the constructivism theory into consideration, Jordanian students with the mean score of3.17 were the first and Iranian students with the mean score of 2.77 were the last. In information processing theory, Jordanian students with the mean score of 2.99 ranked first and Bosnian students with the mean score of 2.51 ranked last. Considering social-cognitive theory indices, Jordanian students with mean score of 3.16 were the first whereas, Tunisian students with the mean score of 2.69 were the last. In achieving the applied goals of math, Bosnian students with the mean score of 441.47 gained the first place however, these were the Algerian students who were the last, with the mean score of 412. Multiple regression analysis results showed that learning theories variables significantly explained the math usage variance. Also in all countries except Algeria, social-cognitive theory was a significant factor in math usage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Effect of Sesames and Propyl gallat as Antioxidant on Lipid Oxidation in Sausage
Sana Gholamrezaei Alireza RahmanMeat products are very prone to Oxidative spoilage. Lipid oxidation is one of main factors that are responsible for bad flavor and reducing quality of meat products. This oxidation would takes place due to the destruction of fat-soluble vitamins and fatty acids. This st MoreMeat products are very prone to Oxidative spoilage. Lipid oxidation is one of main factors that are responsible for bad flavor and reducing quality of meat products. This oxidation would takes place due to the destruction of fat-soluble vitamins and fatty acids. This study has been conducted to investigate the effect of sesamol and propyl gallate as antioxidant agent on lipids oxidation in sausage. The details of the samples in this research is following, control sample without any Antioxidant material, T1 contains 600 ppm sesamol and without propyl gallate antioxidant, T2 contains 450 ppm sesamol and 150 propyl gallate, T3 contains 300 ppm sesame and 300 ppm propyl gallate, T4 contains 150 ppm sesamol and 450 propyl gallate and T5 contains 600 ppm propyl gallate without sesamol anti-oxidant. Tests were conducted with 3 times replication in all steps. Evaluated characteristics have been contained results of peroxide, TBA and pH in day 0, 15, 30, 45, 60respectively.Sensory evaluation was also conducted at the end of the tests. Levels of Peroxide and TBA were increased with increasing time, however, this increase was higher in control sample and it was determined that pH. Levels of chosen samples have not been changed in comparison with control sample but after passing of time, levels of this character decreased in all samples and control one. It can be concluded that 600 ppm anti-oxidant propyl gallate, have shown the best results on most evaluated characters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Barriers to the Implementation and Use of Internet Banking in the Keshavarzi Bank
Morteza Gholamian Hossein Hakimpour Azar Kafashpour Mehdi Mahmoudzadeh -
Open Access Article
32 - The association of perceived social support and emotional self-regulation with relapse of drug usage in women
katayoon elahi mohammad reza saffarian toosiThis research aimed to investigate the association of perceived social support and emotional self-regulation with relapse of drug usage in women. This study was a cross-sectional from type of correlation. The statistical population of research included all woman narcoti MoreThis research aimed to investigate the association of perceived social support and emotional self-regulation with relapse of drug usage in women. This study was a cross-sectional from type of correlation. The statistical population of research included all woman narcotics anonymous who had undergone detoxification of Mashhad city in 2017 year. From them 103 person were selected by available sampling method and all of them completed the questionnaires of perceived social support (Zimet and et al, 1988), emotional self-regulation (Garnefski and et al, 2001) and temptation of post-detoxification craving (Fadardi and et al, 2008). Data was analyzed with Pearson correlation and multivariate regression with stepwise model methods. The findings of correlation showed perceived social support, positive emotional regulation strategies and negative emotional regulation strategies had a negative and significant relationship with relapse of drug usage in women. Also the finding of regression showed the variables of positive emotional regulation strategies and perceived social support can predict 12/1 percent of variance of relapse of drug usage in women (P<0/05). According to the results, it is suggested counselors and psychologists of addiction treatment centers to prevent of relapse of drug usage in women improve the perceived social support and emotional self-regulation of them. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Computer Arithmetic in modern computers and usages of Computer Arithmetic
pouya shams ahari -
Open Access Article
34 - Influencing factors on Students’ usage of Information and Communication technologies (ICT) in Isfahan University
zohre aghakzhiri bibieshrat zamaniThe main purpose of the present study was to investigate the students’ rate of ICT usage and factors influencing it based on demographics information. The research population included students from faculties of science, engineering and Humanities. 400 studen MoreThe main purpose of the present study was to investigate the students’ rate of ICT usage and factors influencing it based on demographics information. The research population included students from faculties of science, engineering and Humanities. 400 students were selected by using stratified proportional sampling methods. The study was a descriptive one. For collecting data a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The face validity and the content validity of the instruments were well established at the experts’ discretion. To examine their reliability, the Cronbach Alpha was used; the resulting coefficients were quite satisfactory (0.89). The data analysis included the application of the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), independent t-test and dependent t-test. The research findings revealed that the students’ self efficacy in using ICT was more than average. Factor influencing using of ICT were included access to computers, perceived need for using computers and students’ self efficacy. There were differences among students regarding demographic information such as gender, level of education and academic background. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - The Gardens of Ghaznavids period : usages (according to the History of Beyhagi)
shahrzad sasanpourThe history of Beyhagi is not only one of the most famous Persian literary texts, But, in turn, it is an important source of cultural and social history of Iran in ghaznavids period. In this book, there are many entries about artists, architectural monuments and artwork MoreThe history of Beyhagi is not only one of the most famous Persian literary texts, But, in turn, it is an important source of cultural and social history of Iran in ghaznavids period. In this book, there are many entries about artists, architectural monuments and artworks including governmental and private gardens.This paper intend to study, from a social-cultural perspective, usages of gardens in this period. The main question of this research is whether the governmental gardens were built during this period only as a symbol of the glory of kings, to represent or they have other usages also. To answer this question, by examining the text, the relevant material was collected and classified and using descriptive-analytical method was set. The findings were organized in two parts: The first part, deals the garden features in the cities of Ghazni, Herat, Balkh, Nishapur, and the second part studies the usages of gardens from political, military, administrative, religious, sporting and recreational aspects of early Ghaznavids period Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Investigating the Effect of Strategic Plans in Energy Consumption Management in Iran
Mohammad ZarnegarImproving the productivity and enhancing the organizations’ effectiveness has always been one of the main objectives of the organizations and strategic planning is the main tool in achieving this goal. Therefore, the effect of strategic plans in energy consumption MoreImproving the productivity and enhancing the organizations’ effectiveness has always been one of the main objectives of the organizations and strategic planning is the main tool in achieving this goal. Therefore, the effect of strategic plans in energy consumption management in this paper is investigated through with Balanced Score Card (financial perspective, customer perspective, learning and growth, and internal processes) approach. In order to meet this aim, population of experts in the field of energy management were investigated which their total number was 320, and 145 were selected as the sample size using Cochran formula. Data was collected via a questionnaire and its reliability was determined through Cronbach’s alpha which obtained coefficients were acceptable and reliability of the questionnaire has been confirmed. Inferential statistics were used to analyze the data and to examine the research hypotheses; SPSS software was of help to meet this aim. The results showed that the dimensions of the strategic plan with Balanced Score Card approach affect energy consumption management by different extents. At the end of the study, the current researcher offers some suggestions to improve the strategic plan in energy consumption management in Iran with regard to four factors of Balanced Score Card model Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Design of Accelerated Life Testing Plans for Products Exposed to Random Usage
Kamyar Sabri-Laghaie Rassoul Noorossana -
Open Access Article
38 - The examination of social capital and its dimensions basing on the use of media among school managers is Tehran (district 2)
Bita Habibi majid zorofiIn this study, it is tried to examine the relationship between social capital and its dimensions basing on the use of media. The method of research was descriptive and correlational. The study population includes all managers of both first and second course of high scho MoreIn this study, it is tried to examine the relationship between social capital and its dimensions basing on the use of media. The method of research was descriptive and correlational. The study population includes all managers of both first and second course of high school in district 2 of Tehran that 171 were selected randomly as a sample of the study. The data was (Delaviz) questionnaire of social capital that its reliability and validity has proven. The use of media in this study means using television, Internet and mobile phones, which were measured by a self-designed questionnaire. Results show that, there is meaningful correlation between the dimensions of social capital and using media. Also,the use of TV, Internet and telephone significantly change the social capital index and participation of the local community in one direction and explained.It also causes changes in social trust, collaboration and relationships on social networks in order to explain the antithetic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Behavioral disorders among students of Islamic Azad University of Shabestar
Majid ZourofiThis study examined behavioral disorders among students, it is also explained by various factors has been done. The main objective understands of behavioral disorders among students and compare them based on factors such as gender, studying – courses and age. More MoreThis study examined behavioral disorders among students, it is also explained by various factors has been done. The main objective understands of behavioral disorders among students and compare them based on factors such as gender, studying – courses and age. Moreover, Understanding its relationship with other variables including rate of the media usage and to explain more were also considered. Researchers such as "Thompson " on the relationship between behavioral disorders and role of family, GIDDENS " the effect of media "FATIN," relationship between mothers occupation, "MISRA" on high level of stress and anxiety among woman, also as neighborhood, and "JOU and FUKUDA" on the effective of social support and stress, Quantity and quality of other items in SCL 90 was emphasized. The results showed that the highest percentage of individuals in this study of behavioral disorders in the class of "weak" are on the 70% included.We use survey research method for data collection. Data was collected by researcher made questionnaire that include some items for measuring related factors such as gender, media usage and other variables, also SCL 90 questionnaire for measuring disorders. The sample size includes 382 students who chosen by classified – random sampling method. Correlation coefficients, T-test and analysis of variance were used to data analysis. The behavioral disorders are significant difference between gender and not significant difference between studying course groups. Media usage by Students and age are most important factors associated with behavioral disorders. With the increased use of mobile, strengthen behavioral disorders and increasing use of television among students, the disorders behaviors is weakening. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - The Place of Logical Usages in Criminal Jurisprudence
mojtaba javidiThe logical usages is the practical way or mental opinion of all the rational people all over the world, regardless of their spatial, temporal and religious differences, which find it useful and good in dealing with a phenomenon. There are two general views about the cr MoreThe logical usages is the practical way or mental opinion of all the rational people all over the world, regardless of their spatial, temporal and religious differences, which find it useful and good in dealing with a phenomenon. There are two general views about the criteria of validity of logical usage: first, instrumental validity and second, per se validity. The validity of new usages is based on second view. Although logical usages are used by jurists in criminal jurisprudence but it seems that it should has more important role in criminal jurisprudence. Some of its applications in the criminal jurisprudence are: the definition of “Herzâ€(protected), what is robbed needs to be property, the criterion of Roshd (growth), the mere criminal intent has no punishment, the community needs to regulate, impose criminal penalties and restrict freedom, financial penalties as a kind of “Tazirâ€(punishment). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Replacement of nitrite with annatto and red rice in sausage products
A. Javadi Aisa AliniaNowadays, by increasing consumer awareness about the hazards of chemical preservatives, the demand for foods with increased natural preservatives has increased. The main objective of this study was to replace the annatto and the red rice instead of nitrite in sausage. F MoreNowadays, by increasing consumer awareness about the hazards of chemical preservatives, the demand for foods with increased natural preservatives has increased. The main objective of this study was to replace the annatto and the red rice instead of nitrite in sausage. For this purpose, annatto replaced by zero, 25, 50, 75 and 100 % of nitrite then sausage with 60 % red meat and 0.05 % fixed amount of red rice were made. Chemical, microbiological and sensory testing on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 were performed in triplicate. The results of chemical and microbial tests showed that the annatto and red rice do not have negative effects on sausage with 60% meat. According to the results of sensory evaluation, samples with 50% annatto, and 75 % annatto, had the highest satisfaction in terms of color, taste, smell, consistency and compliance. Only the group with 100% of annatto in all sensory factors in the study showed significant differences with the rest of the group. Finally, the group with 75% annatto and 0.05% red rice, In terms of five different times, microbiological, chemical and sensory evaluation had a higher approval rating than other samples and was closer to control sample. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Study the effect of nitrite substitution by using black cumin (Nigella sativa) oil on oxidative stability, microbial and sensory properties of cocktail sausage
Mohammadreza Khani Amin Abolhasanzadeh Maryam FahimdaneshOne of the major concerns in modern societies is applying the chemical additives in food products and the risk of catching some types of diseases such as cancer. The aim of this research was investigating the possibility of nitrite substitution in cocktail sausage formu MoreOne of the major concerns in modern societies is applying the chemical additives in food products and the risk of catching some types of diseases such as cancer. The aim of this research was investigating the possibility of nitrite substitution in cocktail sausage formulation by using black cumin oil. For this purpose different levels of nitrate in 0, 30, 60 and 90 ppm was replaced with black cumin oil at concentrations of 2 and 3 percent and its effects were evaluated on oxidative stability (peroxide and thiobarbituric acid indices), microbial properties (total bacterial count and yeasts and molds count), and sensory characteristics during one month of storage at 4 °C at 1, 11, 21, and 31 days. The results showed that replacement of nitrite with black cumin oil in two used concentrations led to a reduction of the peroxide and TBA values in nitrite reduced sausages compared to control (P<0.05). Also, microbial load decreased by increasing the concentration of black cumin oil from 2 to 3 percent in equal concentrations of nitrite. Treatments containing 2 and 3% of black cumin oil with 90 ppm and 60 ppm nitrites had mainly similar total bacterial counts and yeasts and molds counts compared to the control during the storage period (P<0.05). Sensory evaluation results indicated that reduction of nitrite and its substitution with black cumin oil led to significant decrease of color and flavor scores, but had no negative effect on texture and odor properties of sausage samples. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Effect of thyme (Thymus vulgaria) extract on chemical, microbiological and sensory properties of sausage during storage
کلارا Pirouti افشین Javadi فریبرز Nahidi Due to the side effects of synthetic food preservatives on human health, more studies have been recently focused on natural preservatives. This research aimed to investigate the effect of Thymus vulgaria extract on some of chemical (TVb-N), microbiological More Due to the side effects of synthetic food preservatives on human health, more studies have been recently focused on natural preservatives. This research aimed to investigate the effect of Thymus vulgaria extract on some of chemical (TVb-N), microbiological (total count and psychrophilic count) and sensory (texture, taste, flavor and color) properties of susage during storage. Different concentrations (0, 1%, 2% and 3%) of thyme extract were added to the sausage farsh. After the production of sausages, the samples were stored in the refrigerator. During the storage period (0, 14, 28 and 42 days) the samples were subjected to chemical, microbialogical and sensory examinations. Results of total microbial count and psychrophilic count revealed a significant (p < 0.05) difference between the control group and the samples containg 2% thyme extract. Moreover, TVB-N and peroxide indices were highest among control sample which indicates the significance (p < 0.05) impact of thyme extract on the shelf-life of sausage samples. However, no significant (p > 0.05) difference was observed among treatment groups (1, 2 and 3% thyme). Regarding the results of sensory assays, no significant difference was observed between the samples containing 1% thyme extract and control group. On the other hand, the difference between the samples containing 1% and 3% thyme extract was not statistically significant (p < 0.05). Considering all above it was concluded that thyme extract at the concentration of 2% could be used as a preservative in sausage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Study on physico-chemical properties of emulsion type sausage produced with aqueous extract of Biarum carduchcorum tenderizied meat
M. Raeisi S.S. Shekarforoush M. Aminlari H. GolkariIn order to improve the quality of meat such as tenderness, protein solubility, emulsification and water holding capacity, in the food industries, various methods have been employed. Application of the plant enzymes is considered as one of the most efficient methods for MoreIn order to improve the quality of meat such as tenderness, protein solubility, emulsification and water holding capacity, in the food industries, various methods have been employed. Application of the plant enzymes is considered as one of the most efficient methods for meat tenderization. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the characteristics of emulsion type sausage made from tenderized cattle meat by hydro extract of Biarum carduchcorum. The proteolytic activity of the extract was determined using bovine milk casein as substrate. Post rigor thigh meat were tenderized by 100 and 150 enzyme units/ kg of the extract before used for production of sausage. Fresh post rigor thigh meat was used as control. Nitrogen solubility index (NSI), stability of sausage emulsion, texture analysis and organoleptic properties of sausages were determined. Our results showed a significant increase in the NSI of the experimental groups compared with the control (P<0.05). Such increase was also considerable when the enzyme concentration and the exposure time were increased. Stability of the emulsion of sausage was also significantly increased. Even though, the tenderness and emulsifying power were improved, texture and organoleptic properties of the final products were not affected. Our study showed that Biarum carduchcorum is a proper tenderizing agent to employ in meat industries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Fraud identification in beef sausage in Tehran province using mitochondrial genes of animal species
H.S , Hosseni فرزانه Tafvizi مریم Tajabadi Ebrahimi انوشه Sharifan The aim of this study was to develop a species-specific PCR method for rapid identification of meat species in order to detect any potential fraud in meat products. For cattle and poultry, a set of primers were designed based on the mitochondrial cytochrome More The aim of this study was to develop a species-specific PCR method for rapid identification of meat species in order to detect any potential fraud in meat products. For cattle and poultry, a set of primers were designed based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b and subsequently a 183 bp as well as 274 bp fragments were amplified for poultry and beef samples, respectively. For the study, ten different brands of beef sausage were obtained across Tehran province. Results of PCR assay demonstrated that unlike their labels, all of the samples were contained poultry residuals‎. Moreover, beef offal was detected only in five samples‎. Since no cross-reaction was observed among the different samples, PCR could be considered as a sensitive and ‎specific method for the identification of meat varieties. In addition, high-speed operation and easiness of the technique are the other advantages of PCR method. Therefore, this technique has the capability for sensitive and ‎specific detection of meat adulteration in sausages. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - آسیب شناسی تأثیر استفاده از اینترنت بر انزوای اجتماعی دانشجویان
فرحناز مصطفویدیجیتالیشدن رسانهها یکی از پیامدهای تکنولوژیک ارتباطی است که در دنیای جدید به وجود آمده است. شکوفایی فناوریهای ارتباطی معاصر سطوح جامعه مختلف منجر به انتقال بخش بزرگی از ارتباطات سنتی چهره به چهره به فضای مجازی شده است. لذا این روند به شکستن الگوهای سنتی از تماسهای Moreدیجیتالیشدن رسانهها یکی از پیامدهای تکنولوژیک ارتباطی است که در دنیای جدید به وجود آمده است. شکوفایی فناوریهای ارتباطی معاصر سطوح جامعه مختلف منجر به انتقال بخش بزرگی از ارتباطات سنتی چهره به چهره به فضای مجازی شده است. لذا این روند به شکستن الگوهای سنتی از تماسهای انسانی و گسترش حجم روابط آنلاین رسیده است. همچنین یکی از مسائل مهمی که درباره گرفتاریهای اجتماعی در جهان امروز به چشم میآید، میزان انزوای اجتماعی و گسستگی حاصل از آن است که از لحاظ ذهنی در انسان احساس بیپناهی مضاعف و عدم امنیت و اعتماد و از طریق احساس محرومیت و عدم رضایتمندی از زندگی ایجاد میکند. نگارنده در این مقاله درصدد است با بررسیآسیب تأثیر استفاده از اینترنت بر انزوای اجتماعی جوانان در میان 180دانشجو دانشگاهپیام نور در مقاطع تحصیلی با استفاده از ابزار پرسشنامه محقق ساخته است. یافتهها حاکی از آن است که استفادهیی از اینترنت با بتای 28 درصد تأثیر مستقیم بر انزوای اجتماعی استفادهکنندگان دارد. Manuscript profile -
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47 - The Influence of Sociological Factors on Usage of Mazandarani Language among the Youth
Hossein GHasemi Seyed Ahmad Jafari Kelarijani Mohsen Jafarzadeh Ali Ebrahimi -
Open Access Article
48 - The Examination of Yazd Young's Attitude toward National Identity and its Effective Factors
Azam Moghimi Majid Amini -
Open Access Article
49 - Evolution Trends of Cell Phone Usage in Primary School Students
Morteza ManteghiThe goal of this research was to investigate the evolution trend of cell phone usage in primary school children. The research method was qualitative and the type was grounded theory. The study sample included 115 girl and boy cell phone users who studied from 1st to 6th MoreThe goal of this research was to investigate the evolution trend of cell phone usage in primary school children. The research method was qualitative and the type was grounded theory. The study sample included 115 girl and boy cell phone users who studied from 1st to 6th grade in primary school. The sampling of the research was purposeful. The results of the study indicated that girl and boy cell phone users at early grades of primary school, after getting acquainted with some features of cell phones (like communications, entertainment, education and services) use it positively. But at higher grades of primary school, due to lack of necessary cultural grounding in society, school and family for proper usage of cell phones, the application of cell phones gradually drifts towards improper usages (like time wasting, call disturbing, malignity, snobbery, facilitation of girls and boys relationships, SMS loves, call credit exploitation, playing with Bluetooth, disclosure of individuals' private information, improper or pornography photos and videos applications, electronic aggression, finding hidden identity, identity disorientation, and cell phone addiction). Therefore, to avoid these issues, it is necessary for cultural and educational authorities and students’ parents to make a big effort for cultural grounding for proper and useful application of cell phones. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Internet and Youth Religiosity (Case: 19-30-Year-Old Girls and Boys in Isfahan)
Mohammad Ali ZakiThe internet is one of the basic principles of modern societies which has affected different parts of society. Little research has been conducted on the impact of the internet on religiosity. Youth is an important part of the social structure of Iran, so the study exami MoreThe internet is one of the basic principles of modern societies which has affected different parts of society. Little research has been conducted on the impact of the internet on religiosity. Youth is an important part of the social structure of Iran, so the study examined and explained the impact of the Internet on youth religiosity. The research method was correlation and data collection instrument was a questionnaire. The data were collected by using sampling among the city's youth (n = 384). Reliabilities of religiosity and Internet questionnaire were 0.93 and 0.78, respectively. Descriptive results indicated that the youth's use of the Internet was below the average and their religiosity was above the average. Correlation analysis showed a very weak negative relationship between the internet and religiosity. Regression analysis indicated that among the eight types of internet use, only three types of chatting, work and education, and games and entertainment had the most influence on religiosity. The results of path analysis showed that the three variables of socio-economic status (- 0.27), internet usage (- 0.16), and urban social area (- 0.13) had the highest negative impact on religiosity. Through use of Internet, social class variable had an indirect influence on the youth religiosity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Relationship between Rate of Internet Use and the Type of its use with Academic Performance of the Students in Islamic Azad University of Zanjan
Rasol Davoudi Raheleh Nourbakhsh Bonjar Naghi KamaliThe purpose of this study was to investigate relationship between rate of internet use and the type of its use with academic performance of the students in Islamic Azad University of Zanjan. To reach this goal, in addition to theoretical studies and investigating resear MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate relationship between rate of internet use and the type of its use with academic performance of the students in Islamic Azad University of Zanjan. To reach this goal, in addition to theoretical studies and investigating research literature, data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire. Experts approved the validity of the questionnaire and the reliability was estimated by Cronbach Alpha 0/88. The statistical population consisted of 12,309 Islamic Azad University undergraduate students, 364 people of whom were selected as the sample based on Cochran formula and through stratified random sampling method. The research method was an applied one in terms of purpose, and a correlation one as far as data gathering is concerned. Data analysis was performed through descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between internet use and academic performance of undergraduate students in Islamic Azad university of Zanjan. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the way to use internet in three aspects, that is, recreational, communicational, and educational aspects and the academic performance of the students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Designing predictive model for microbial load in sausage meat processing with using impedance method and survey on its correlation with reference
Reyhaneh Sororyan Laleh Roomiani Ali FazlaraThe objective of the present study was to employ the technique of Impedance Splitting Method, a technique of high accuracy and sensitivity, in the microbial count and characterization based on their rate of metabolic activity leading to a change in electrical resistance MoreThe objective of the present study was to employ the technique of Impedance Splitting Method, a technique of high accuracy and sensitivity, in the microbial count and characterization based on their rate of metabolic activity leading to a change in electrical resistance in the shortest possible time. A total bacterial count on samples (n= 80 of sausage) collected during the cold and warm seasons, were evaluated by the standard and the Impedance splitting methods (ISM). Based on the obtained coefficient of determination results in the resulting mathematical equations, the correlation coefficient between the two methods in relation to the total bacterial count in sausage, in the summer and winter seasons, as well as the cumulative results have been 93.9, 93.1and 95%, respectively. This study suggests that impediometric technique can be used as a rapid and reliable method to accurate estimation of sausage bacterial loads. This initial evaluation of the suitability of indirect impedance to generate microbial growth data in complex food matrices indicates significant potential for the technology as an alternative to plating methods. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Evaluation of possibility of replacing nitrite and Ascorbic acid present sausage using celery powder and barberry juice During storage at 4 ° C
سید ابراهیم حسینی sanaz seifi nofersti mohamdreza khaniThe aim of this study is to introduce processed meat product in the way of minimizing the preservatives substances by using celery powder and barberry juice. In this experiment the production of sausage 55 is designed while substituting the nitrite level of 90, 60, and MoreThe aim of this study is to introduce processed meat product in the way of minimizing the preservatives substances by using celery powder and barberry juice. In this experiment the production of sausage 55 is designed while substituting the nitrite level of 90, 60, and 0 ppm respectively with level of 1, 2 and 4 percent of celery powder and level of 5 percent the mixture of ascorbic acid and barberry juice. The specifications of produced samples have been analyzed through chemical tests (Thiobarbituric acid, residual nitrite, color analysis, and peroxide values), microbiological analysis and sensory analysis in the 1st and the 21st day of production. The analysis of the sample corresponding with 1 percent celery powder and barberry juice resulted in the averages of 12.63 by red color index, 40.76 by residual nitrite, 4.06 by peroxide values, and 0.183 by thiobarbituric value; closed to the control in compare with other produced samples. Microbiological culture of mold and yeast and enterobacteriaceae within 21days confirmed the quality of substances and materials as well as the appropriate condition of production. Admittedly, taking the texture and color into account, the sense evaluation test shows the average of 4.5, compared to the other produced samples, which was closed to the control. According to the healthly benefits of herbal substances and as claimed by unhealthy specification of synthetic preservatives substances; the outcomes of this study confirms that partial replacement of nitrate with powdered celery and barberry juice, affecting the health value of processed meat product. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Antimicrobial Effects of Black Cumin (Nigella Sativa) Oil in Nitrite Reduced Sausage
Mohammadreza Khani Amin Abolhasanzadeh Maryam FahimdaneshThis study was aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effects of black cumin oil in sausage and evaluate the possibility of reduction of its nitrite. For this purpose, sausage samples were prepared at concentrations of 2 and 3 percent of black cumin oil containing vario MoreThis study was aimed to investigate the antimicrobial effects of black cumin oil in sausage and evaluate the possibility of reduction of its nitrite. For this purpose, sausage samples were prepared at concentrations of 2 and 3 percent of black cumin oil containing various amounts of nitrite (including 0,30,60,90 ppm) in eight treatments and a control sample without black cumin oil and with 120 ppm nitrite and all stored for a month at 4°C. Then microbial properties of all samples such as total bacterial counts, coliforms, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens, yeasts and moulds were examined on 1, 11, 21 and 31 days of storage time and organoleptic properties were evaluated after production of samples. The results showed that treatments containing 2 and 3 percent of black cumin oil with 90 ppm and 60 ppm nitrite, mainly had total bacterial counts, coliforms counts, E.coli, S.aureus, yeasts and moulds counts similar to those had control sample during the storage. But these microbial counts showed significant increase in all the samples at the end of the storage period (P<0.05). Salmonella and Cl. perfringens was not detected in samples. Generally, the results indicated that microbial load decreased by increasing the concentration of black cumin oil from 2 to 3 percent in equal concentrations of nitrite. Also, reduction of nitrite in treatments containing black cumin oil, mainly led to significant decrease of color, flavour, and general acceptance scors comparing with control sample, but had no significant effect on texture and odor properties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - کاهش نیتریت در سوسیس با استفاده از روش سطح پاسخ و بکارگیری اسانس مرزه ی بختیاری و پودر گوجه
بنفشه محمدی نفیسه جهانبخشیان مریم جعفریBackground & Aim: The use of synthetic additives is one of the main approaches for preventing microbial growth and oxidative reactions in meat products. These preservatives were recently marked as unhealthy to humans; therefore, the consumers demand for fresh, natur MoreBackground & Aim: The use of synthetic additives is one of the main approaches for preventing microbial growth and oxidative reactions in meat products. These preservatives were recently marked as unhealthy to humans; therefore, the consumers demand for fresh, natural, and negligibly processed products with lower content of artificial additives is increasing.Experimental: The effect of Satureja bachtiarica Bunge essential oil (EO) and tomato powder (TP) to optimize sausage formulation with reduced nitrite content was investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the effects of different levels of EO (200-400 ppm), TP (5-15%) as Hurdles, and sodium nitrite (SN) (0-300 ppm) in sausage formulation during storage (0- 24 days). Dependent variables including residual nitrite, pH, color indices, microbial load, and hardness were investigated and finally model optimization and validation were conducted.Results: The results showed that residual nitrite was strongly depending on initial added nitrite and storage time (p<0.001), so the use of nitrite substituent was undeniable to have an improved sausage formulation without microbial defect. RSM represented a quadratic model for all responses except in texture which was linear and the pH and microbial load showed interaction. The optimized predicted values for SN, EO and TP were 56 ppm, 378 ppm and 5%, respectively. The model validation revealed that the results of the experiments were in good agreement with the predicted values.Recommended applications/industries: The results of the present study can be useful for consideration in meat products industry to reduce the nitrite level in sausage formulation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - An analysis of social factors associated with business value orientation among traditional shopkeepers (bazari) of the city of Esfahan
Hassan Saghafian Mansour Haghighatian Shapour BehyanThe present article provides an analysis of social factors associated with business value orientation among traditional shopkeepers (bazari) of the city of Esfahan. On the basis of theoretical framework and previous research, 5 social factors were identified as the main MoreThe present article provides an analysis of social factors associated with business value orientation among traditional shopkeepers (bazari) of the city of Esfahan. On the basis of theoretical framework and previous research, 5 social factors were identified as the main independent variables and their influence on business value orientation of traditional shopkeepers was studied. These factors were professional obligation, generation obligation, work ethics, media usage, and socioeconomic status. The research method was survey and research population consisted of all those who had business activities in Esfahan. 524 of Esfahani bazaris were selected through a multi-step cluster sampling technique. The findings showed that all the independent variables could explain 32 percent of the variance in business value orientation. When independent variables were considered separately, it was found that only the variable professional obligation was significantly related to business value orientation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Quality Characteristics of Chevon Sausage Obtained from Goats Fed a 50% Inclusion Level of Melon (Colocynthis citrillus) Husk and Palm (Elaeis guineensis) Oil Slurry
K.A. Sanwo S.O. Iposu J.A. Adegbite S.S. Abiola O.A. Fanimo -
Open Access Article
58 - Mining users` navigation patterns for building web pages recommendation system
Farzad Soleymani Sabzchi Shahram Jamali Maryam Jafari -
Open Access Article
59 - Discovering users` access patterns for web usage mining from web log files
Maryam Jafari Shahram Jamali Farzad Soleymani Sabzchi -
Open Access Article
60 - Economic Effect of Social Media on Small Scale Poultry Farmers, Evidence from Nigeria
Abraham Falola Ridwan Mukaila Abisola Kudabo -
Open Access Article
61 - The Estimation Model of Determinant of Mobile Phone Apps’ Usage by Smallholder Farmers in North West Nigeria
Abdullahi Khidir Idowu Oladele Daniel Ekpa -
Open Access Article
62 - Comparative Study of Interpersonal and Mass Media Usage among Rural Farmers in Kogi State
Adejoh S. O. Adejo P.E. Edoka M.H. -
Open Access Article
63 - Sociological Study of the Use of Cyberspace and Its Impact on Social Deviance among Secondary School Students in Kermanshah In 95-94 School Year
سلیمان محبی حبیب الله زنجانی باقر ساروخانیThis study aimed to study the sociological use of cyberspace and its impact on social deviance among secondary school students in Kermanshah in 95-94 school year the survey was conducted using the method. The target population included all high school students in Kerman MoreThis study aimed to study the sociological use of cyberspace and its impact on social deviance among secondary school students in Kermanshah in 95-94 school year the survey was conducted using the method. The target population included all high school students in Kermanshah second period. The research sample consisted of 381 people, which is calculated using the formula. Stratified random sampling and questionnaire is self-made. The results of the study show that daily use of cyberspace The length of time between one and three hours (74/80) and the least amount of time using cyberspace more than five hours (33/1 percent). The maximum duration of the annual usage of cyberspace between one and two years (55/38) and the least amount of time using cyberspace for more than four years (6/04) was the highest allowable use of communication ( 0/58) and the lowest use of cyberspace cognitive (9/44) is. Results also showed the priority components of social deviance, the desire for the greatest amount of damage to public places and watch movies and Islamic unlicensed images is at its lowest and between type of use and the use of cyberspace and social deviations there is a significant relationship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - The extent and manner of using internet among Isfahans’ college students
مجید گیوی معصومه نصر اصفهانیThe present study seeks to investigate the extent and manner of using internet among Isfahans’ college students. In this study by using Kukran formula, 400 students of Isfahan colleges were selected through simple random sampling based on their sex, educational le MoreThe present study seeks to investigate the extent and manner of using internet among Isfahans’ college students. In this study by using Kukran formula, 400 students of Isfahan colleges were selected through simple random sampling based on their sex, educational level and field of study and from the educational year of 88-89 (the whole number of the stundents were 87621). The intended population of this study were all the students of Isfahans’ colleges (both males and females) from the educational year of 88-89. The results of the study revealed that the increasing extent of internet usage would gradually brings dependence among the stundents. In addition there is a relation between sex, educational level and internet usage while there is no relation between field of study, point of view and internet usage. Finally, it was concluded that male students use amoral, dating and political websites more than female students and female students use frindship and entertaining websites more than male students. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - The Study Effects of the internet on a national identity, Shiraz University Case Study
بیژن خواجه نوری مجتبی بخشنده مریم سادات دل آور لیلا بهمنی الهام رستمی زادهWe live in a world transformed and undergone a dramatic transformation. What about these rapid changes, have created a profound and dramatic, new technological achievements of humanity. Among these changes is the problem of identity in cultural crisis and the accelerati MoreWe live in a world transformed and undergone a dramatic transformation. What about these rapid changes, have created a profound and dramatic, new technological achievements of humanity. Among these changes is the problem of identity in cultural crisis and the acceleration due to profound social change, is problematic. With the internet breaking the traditional boundaries of the group, makes the most influence on their identity and group boundaries, and hence the importance of clear and effective means of social identity. The research method and the data through a questionnaire survey among 391 students of Shiraz University has been collected. The results of this study indicate that the national identity of Internet use, duration of use of the Internet and there is a significant relationship between Internet use. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Evaluation of Factor affecting the use and utility of information Zhayganhay Joined by Faculty members of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences during 2018-2019
saeed ghaffari roya rahimzadeh ali farajiObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the use, level of satisfaction and factors affecting the use of online databases by faculty members of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences during 2018-2019. Methods: Data were collected using a questionnaire and the MoreObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the use, level of satisfaction and factors affecting the use of online databases by faculty members of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences during 2018-2019. Methods: Data were collected using a questionnaire and the validity of which was confirmed by conducting a pilot study on a group of 18 faculty members and experts and its reliability with Cronbach's alpha formula. It was distributed among 140 members of the sample. And completed. The sample size was determined using Morgan table and the selection was made by random method in proportion to the population of faculty members of each faculty (class random). Results: The lowest level of satisfaction with the characteristics of the bases is related to the number and variety of bases and the highest level of satisfaction is related to the retrieval accuracy of the bases and the teaching hours of faculty members, but among faculty members with rank There was no significant difference in the use of different scientific methods. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the Science Direct database is used more than other databases and the lowest usage is related to the Clinical key database. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - Content analysis of English texts for special purpose for the students of Library and Information Science according to the approved curricula
Nahid Banieghbal hasan razavi sadrPurpose:The purpose of this study is content analysis of two text books according to the curricula approved by the High Council of Cultural Revolution: “English texts for the students of Library and Information Science” by Ali Reza Rostami Gomeh and Hossein MorePurpose:The purpose of this study is content analysis of two text books according to the curricula approved by the High Council of Cultural Revolution: “English texts for the students of Library and Information Science” by Ali Reza Rostami Gomeh and Hossein Mokhtari-Memar; and “Using the Library and Information Terms in English Sentences” by Hossein Mokhtari-Memar. The main purpose of the research is to compare the texts to the approved curricula and to give helpful suggestions to promote the educational level of the English texts of Library and Information Science. Methodology: To collect the data, several checklists have been used. The methodology of this research is content analysis that is one of the common methods in data analysis. Findings: Findings indicate that the above mentioned texts are able to cover 86.1% of compulsory and 13.9% of the optional course curricula. The highest coverage of the first book is related to “Library and Librarianship” equals to 17.3%, but the second book covers 20.2% that is related to “Collection building 1”. Both of these are compulsory courses. In some cases such as Library resources and services for adult neo-literates and for children and young adults (compulsory courses), the texts have no coverage. Conclusions: According to the findings, some suggestions have been given for the new editions of the English texts, such as IT, ICT topics and optional courses should be more emphasized. Attention should be paid to include original English texts instead of English sentences in the second book. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - A survey on students' familiarity and use of library services in Karaj Islamic Azad University
shokouh tafreshi Solmaz Derogar KalkhoranThis research, is done by using survey-descriptive method and aims to study students' familiarity and use of library services in Karaj Islamic Azad University. The research population is composed of 400 students out of 20000 students and after distributing the questionn MoreThis research, is done by using survey-descriptive method and aims to study students' familiarity and use of library services in Karaj Islamic Azad University. The research population is composed of 400 students out of 20000 students and after distributing the questionnaire (including 17 closed and 2 open-ended questions) as data collection tool, among them, 369 ones were returned. The findings of the research demonstrate that there is a meaningful reverse co-relation between the students' familiarity with the libraries and the library services and resources (R = 4.054), but there is a meaningful co-relation between their unfamiliarity with the library departments and using accessible library resources (R = 0.0507). There is also meaningful co-relation between students' expectation rate (R = 0.615) expectations and knowing how to use the library. The findings also indicate that 63.1 percent of students are the library members. 71.8 percent of students use the library for reading needed textbooks. The library resources are not up-to-date and there is also lack of library resources (57 percent). The students are not skillful in using library sources (49 percent). The students need to take part in some courses to learn how to use library (75.3 percent). The students make use of computer for searching (61.8 percent). The students are not urged by the professors to use the library resources (58 percent). It is notable that research hypothesis has not been confirmed. Finally some suggestions have been offered for the present and the future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - A study of information flow in the research centers affiliated to the Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education
Ali Sadeghzadeh Vayghan Mohammad HassanzadehPurpose: This study aims to identify the status of the input, processing and output of information flow in the research centers affiliated to the Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education and recognize the influencing factors and technical obstacles which mak MorePurpose: This study aims to identify the status of the input, processing and output of information flow in the research centers affiliated to the Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education and recognize the influencing factors and technical obstacles which make significant decrease in information flow. Methodology: The research is an applied research and survey method was used. The population consisted of research assistants, managers of affiliated research centers, heads of academic library administrators and faculty members in 62 research centers affiliated to the Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. After confirming its validity and reliability, 306 questionnaires were distributed between researchers. Finally, 222 (72/55%) of the questionnaires were returned. Findings: The overall status of information flow in the research centers, in the "collection and use" stage was appropriate and in the "production and storage", and the "dissemination" stages were inappropriate. In the "collection and use" stage, electronic forms were used more than printed formats and in the "production and storage" and the "dissemination" stages, printed forms were used more than electronic forms. Conclusion: The results of the study may be helpful to the managers of research centers in planning to improve the national and international information flow, use of information, skilled manpower and funds to support research. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - User Interface Features of Library software and Utilization of Them: A Comparative Study of students and librarians' attitudes
alireza rahimi Roghaieh Ghazavi Sima Shafie parisa shafiiPurpose: The aim of this study was to determine the attitudes and satisfaction of students and librarians in Isfahan University of medical Sciences toward the traits of Pars Azarakhsh library software interface and comparing the students’ and librarians’ att MorePurpose: The aim of this study was to determine the attitudes and satisfaction of students and librarians in Isfahan University of medical Sciences toward the traits of Pars Azarakhsh library software interface and comparing the students’ and librarians’ attitudes. Methodology: The research method was descriptive survey which conducted in 2009. For gathering data in this study a questionnaire was used, consisting of 51 closed questions which was confirmed its validity and reliability (α= 0.81). The population was included of students and librarians in Isfahan University of medical Sciences. Librarians were those who were working in libraries of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (50 persons); and students were selected via quota sampling. Thereupon from all of Isfahan University of medical Sciences students (5144 persons), 210 persons were selected. Descriptive statistics methods (frequency distribution, mean and standard deviation) were used for data analysis. Findings: The results of this research showed that among variables of student's satisfaction from Pars Azarakhsh user interface environment, total status, pageant, letters and messages of software, learning how to use software was medium; and their satisfaction from help, and other capabilities was less than medium. In all students' satisfaction from Pars Azarakhsh software user interface environment was medium (3.03 of 5). Also in view of librarians, some variables like pageant, letters and messages of software, learning how to use software was medium and upper than medium, which showed that librarians have satisfaction from these variables. Also librarian's satisfaction from help and other capabilities was less than medium. All librarian' satisfaction from Pars Azarakhsh software user interface environment was medium (3.20 of 5). Conclusion: Between all studied variables of software interface, some variables like pageant, letters and messages of software, learning how to use software were in good situation but variables like help and other capabilities needed to be revised and improved. Recognition of user's needs from library software and obviating them persuade users to use library software and also will cause their satisfaction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Effects of irrigation interval and nitrogen degree on dry mater yield and water usage efficiency of corn in Mazandaran province
R. Rezaei Sokht Abandani A. Charati Araei D. Akbari Nodehi H. Mobasser M. Ramezani In order to study irrigation interval effects and various using Nitrogen on yield of corn (K.Sc 704) was accomplished during 2008-2009. The experiment was carried on as split plot based on RCBD with 3 replications in Bayekola research farm of ag More In order to study irrigation interval effects and various using Nitrogen on yield of corn (K.Sc 704) was accomplished during 2008-2009. The experiment was carried on as split plot based on RCBD with 3 replications in Bayekola research farm of agricultural research campus in Neka in Mazandaran province. Traits were selected as irrigation interval are in four levels (I1, I2, I3 and I4 respectively as 75, 100, 125 and 150 mm accumulation evaporation of evaporation pan A class) as maim plot and three levels of Nitrogen (0, 92 and 184 kg Nitrogen that respectively substitute zero ,200 and 400 kg urea in hectare) as sub plots. Results showed that minimum of dry mater weight and yield was related to 150 mm evaporation of evaporation pan A class. The maximum forage yield and water usage efficiency obtained in I3. Bush height, dry weight in square meter, corn length, wet forage weight in hectare, efficiency of water usage, efficiency of dry material water usage, percent of water than dry weight and efficiency of water usage was largest 184 kgN/ha and lowest degree was gained under treatment without usage of called characteristics Nitrogen. Maximal of water percent than dry weight, efficiency of dry material water and maximal of water usage biological efficiency according to production of evaporation pan Aclass was gained with usage of 184 kgN/ha, maximal efficiency of water usage with 150 mm evaporation of evaporation pan a class was gained with usage 184 kgN/ha. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Identification of Adulterated Sausage Products by Pork using FTIR and GC-MS Combined with Chemometrics
Mustofa Ahda Any Guntarti Aprilia Kusbandari Hindami Andoyo Nugroho -
Open Access Article
73 - Nutritional Composition and Physicochemical Properties of Sausages Developed with Non-Meat Ingredients (Tofu)
Leila Mousavi Nur Nadia Binti Razali Wan Rosli Wan Ishak -
Open Access Article
74 - The quality assessment of Kan River's resources in terms of agricultural and drinking purposes
Nooshin Sajjadi Mohammad Davoodi S.Ali Jozi
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