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Open Access Article
1 - Āle- zubeīr-’s resources and origins of narrative data in early period of Islam
محمدرضا غضنفریĀle- zubeīr is one of the families who became famous afterward the rise ofIslam and the name of “Zubīr-ibni-،awwān” and his ancestry has beenrepeatedly asserted in Islamic resources too.Zubīr-ibni-،awwān was not only as a narrator of prophet’s traditio MoreĀle- zubeīr is one of the families who became famous afterward the rise ofIslam and the name of “Zubīr-ibni-،awwān” and his ancestry has beenrepeatedly asserted in Islamic resources too.Zubīr-ibni-،awwān was not only as a narrator of prophet’s tradition, but alsoas a companion had effective role in early events of Islam; His wives, sonsand servants quoted events and narrations from his assertions as well. Theavailable works mentioned mostly to political features of his family, whiletheir scientific role neglected- in spite this role was persistent andsignificant.In accordance to pay attention to what is quoted in various resources aboutZubīr-ibni-،awwān-’s narrations and quotations, this essay engages in theirdata as well as their method of quotations and of narrations. Here is alsomentioned their way of transmitting and exposing this tradition tocontemporary and latter class of narrators Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The First Critical Movement of Shiite Hadith
Mohammad Forqan GoharCritical approach of authenticity of a hadith (narration) based on specific criterion, received little attention by "Shia". It might be due to the lack of knowledge about this method during the time of the Imams (a.s) however, one can identify the first movement to look MoreCritical approach of authenticity of a hadith (narration) based on specific criterion, received little attention by "Shia". It might be due to the lack of knowledge about this method during the time of the Imams (a.s) however, one can identify the first movement to look at the written-hadith heritage using critical approach in the Shi’i Imams era. In this research, we are going to analyze the causality and the manner in which this critical movement of Shiite hadith appeared and its procedure in dealing with narrations. And also we will examine the way in which this movement interacted with the traditions through the historical-narrative method.” Identifying Ghulat (extreme exaggerators) and their role in the Shiite written heritage is the most important achievement of this critical movement. The most valuable outcome of this movement is the compilation of books which criticizing the narrators and text, the gathering of authentic Ahadith and spreading the culture of exposing Ahadith to the Imams and comparing with Quran and Sunnah. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The End of Sultan Jalal al-din Life
yazdan farokhiThe fate of Sultan Jalal al-din khawrazmshah is a controversial event in Islamic Persian history. A narration of the fate of Jalal al-din that is accepted by some of the modern historian refers to the murder of Jalal al-din khawrazmshah by a Kurd. But it seems that this MoreThe fate of Sultan Jalal al-din khawrazmshah is a controversial event in Islamic Persian history. A narration of the fate of Jalal al-din that is accepted by some of the modern historian refers to the murder of Jalal al-din khawrazmshah by a Kurd. But it seems that this narration need to be criticized. In fact there are some probable narrations on fate of Jalal al-din. So this article tries to answers these questions: can we historically accept the fate of Jalal al-din khawrazmshah? Which narration is historically reliable? It seems that the source of Nasawi’s report and also the other possibilities are ignored by the researchers. 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Bayḍāwī, Niẓām al- Dīn, Niẓām al- Tawārīkh, Revised by Mīr Hāshim Muḥaddith, Tehran, Dr. Afshar's Endowment Foundation, 1382/ 2003. Bayani, Shirin, Dīn wa Dawlat Dar Ahd- i Mughūl, Vol. , Tehran, Nashr- i Dānishgāhī, 1367/ 1988. Idem, Mughūlān wa Ḥukūmat- i Ilkhānī Dar Iran, Tehran, Samt, 1379/ 2000. Bayat, Azizolah, Tarīkh- i Taṭbīḳī- yi Iran Bā Kishwar- hā- yi Djahān, Tehran AmīrKabīr, 1389/ 2010. Bosworth, C, E, “Jalāl- Al -Din Kwārazm Šāh Mengubirni” Encyclopedia Iranica, Vol VIII, New York, Encyclopedia Iranica foundation, 2007, pp.404-405. Boyle, J, A, “Dynastic and political history of the Il-khans”, The Cambridge history of Iran, Vol.5, edited by j. A. Boyle, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1968, pp.303-421. Idem, “Djalal al Din Khwarazm Shah” Encyclopedia of Islam, vol II, Leiden, Brill, 1965), pp.392-393. Browne, Edward Granville, A Literary History of Persia, Vol II, Cambridge, Cambridge university press, 1965. 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Ibn Kathīr, Ismāʿīl b. ʿUmar, al- Bidaya wa al- Nihāya fī al- Tarīkh, Revised by Anīs Ṭabbāʿ & ʿAbd al-Fattāḥ Muḥammad Ḥulw, Beirut, Maktaba al- Maʿārif, 1411 AH/ 1990 AD. Ibn Khaldūn, ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, al-Ibar wa al-dīwan l-mubtadi wa al-Khabar fī Tarikh al-Arab wa al-Adjam Wa al-Barbar Revised by Khalīl Shiḥāda, Vol.5, Beirut, Dār al-Fikr, 1988 AD/1408 AH. Ibn Wāṣil, Tarīkh- Ayyūbiyyān, Revised by Ḥasanayn Muḥammad Rabīʿ, Trans. Parviz Atabaki, Tehran, Sāzmān- i Intishārāt wa Āmūzish- i Inḳilāb- i Islāmī, 1369/ 1990. Jackson, P., “Al-Nasawi”, Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol VII, Leiden & New York, Brill, 1993, pp.973-974. -Ibid, 1990, “Jalāl al-Dīn, the Mongols, and the Khwarazmian Conquest of the Panjāb and Sind”, Iran, Vol. 28, pp.45-54. Ibid, “Jalāl al-Dīn, the Mongols, and the Khwarazmian Conquest of the Panjāb and Sind”, Iran, Vol. 28, 1990, pp.45-54. Katouzian, Homayun, Iraniyyān, Dawrān- i Bāstān tā Dawra- yi Bāstān, Trans. Hossein Shahidi, Tehran, Markaz, 1391/ 2012. Ḳazwīnī, ʿAbd al- Laṭīf, Lubb al- Tawārīkh, Revised by Mīr Hāshim Muḥaddith, Tehran, Society for the National Heritage of Iran, 1386/ 2007. Ḳazwīnī, Zakariyyā b. Muḥammad, Āthār al- Bilād wa Akhbār al- Ibād, Beirut, Dār al- Ṣādir, 1998/ 1376. Ḳazwīnī, Zakariyyā b. Muḥammad, Āthār al- Bilād wa Akhbār al- Ibād, Trans. Jahangir Mirza Qajar, Revised by Mīr Hāshim Muḥaddith,Tehran, AmīrKabīr, 1373/ 1994. Malcolm, Sir John, History of Persia from the most early to the present time, Vol. I, London, John Murray, 1829. Maḳrīzī, Aḥmad b. ʿAlī, al- Sulūk li- Marifat Duwal al- Mulūk, Revised by Muḥammad ʿAbd al- Ḳādir ʿAṭā, Vol. 1, Beirut, Dār al- Kutub al- ʿIlmiyya, 1418 AH/ 1997 AD. Mashkoor, Mohammad Javad, Tarīkh- i Iran Zamīn Az Rūzigār- i Bāstān Tā Inḳirāḍ- i Ḳādjāriyya, Tehran, Ishrāḳī, 1375/ 1996. Mosaheb, Gholamhossein , Dāirat al- Maārif Fārsī( The Persian Encyclopedia),Tehran, Shirkat- i Sahāmī- yi Kitāb- hā- yi Djībī, 1381/ 2002. Mustawfī, Ḥamd Allāh, Tarīkh- i Guzīda, Revised by Abdolhossein Navaei, Tehran, AmīrKabīr, 1364/ 1985. Idem, Ẓafar- Nāma, Revised by Parvaneh Nik Tabe, Vol. 6, Tehran, Institute for humanities and cultural studies, 1388/ 2009. Nasawī, Shahāb al- Dīn, Sīra- yi Djalāl al- Dīn Yā Tarīkh- Djalālī, Revised by Muḥammad Nāṣiḥ, Tehran, Andjuman Adabī- yi Iran, 1324/ 1945. Idem, Sīrat- i Djalāl al- Dīn Minkubirnī, Revised by Mojtaba Minovi, Tehran, ʿIlmī Farhangī, 1384/ 2005. Rahim Lou, Yousef, “Ibn Khaldūn”, Kazem Bojnourdi (as supervisor), Vol.3, Tehran, The Center For The Great Islamic Encyclopedia, 1374/ 1995, pp.458- 444. Rajab Zadeh, Hashem, “čangīziyyān”, Tarīkh- i Djāmi Iran, Vol. 9, Kazem Bojnourdi (as supervisor), Tehran, The Center For The Great Islamic Encyclopedia, 1389/ 2010, pp.533- 455. Richards, D.S. “Ebn Atir”, Encyclopedia Iranica, vol. VIII,Costa Mesa, Mazda,1998, p.671. Safa, Zabihollah, Tarīkh- i Adabiyyāt dar Iran, Vol.3, Tehran, Firdaws, 1369/ 1990. Salarshadi, Ali, “Taʾthīr Ibn Khaldūn az Ibn Athīr”, Cultural History Studies, Vol.1, No.11, Spring 1391/ 2012, pp.52- 76. Samarḳandī, Dawlat- Shāh, Tadhkirat al- Shuarā, Revised by Fatemeh Alagheh, Tehran, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, 1385/ 2006. Sanders, J.J, The History of the Mongol Conquests, Philadelphia, university of Pennsylvania Press, 1971. Shabānkāraʾī, Muḥammad b. ʿAlī, Madjma al- Ansāb, Revised by Mīr Hāshim Muḥaddith, Tehran, AmīrKabīr, 1376/ 1997. Sharafi, Mahbubeh, “Djalāl al- Dīn Khwārazmshāh”, Dānish- Nāma- yi Djahān- i Islām, Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel(as supervisor), Vol. 10, Tehran, Dānish- Nāma- yi Djahān- i Islām, 1393/ 2014, pp. 509- 503. Spuler, Bertold, Mughūlān dar Tarīkh, Trans. Abdorrasoul Kheir- Andish, Tehran, Abadboomnashr, 1389/ 2010. Idem, Die Mongolen In Iran, Berlin, Akademie-verlag, 1968. Idem, History of the Mongols based on eastern and western account of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, translated by Helga and Stuart Drummond, Berkeley and Los Angles, University of California press, 1972. Sykes, Sir Percy, Persia, Oxford, Clarendon press, 1922. Talebi, M “Ibn Khaldun”, Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol III, Leiden & New York, Brill, 1986, pp.825-831. Shahāb al- Dīn Ibn Faḍl Allāh, Masālik al- Abṣār wa Mamālik al- Amṣar, Revised by Muṣṭafa Muslim & Others, Vol. 27, Abu Dhabi, al- Madjmaʿ al- Thaḳāfī, 1424 AH/ 2003 AD. Waṣṣāf, ʿAbd Allāh b. Faḍl Allāh, Tadjziyat al- Amṣār wa-Tazdjiyat al-Aār, Revised by Muḥammad Mahdī Iṣfahānī, Tehran, Ibn Sīnā, 1338 AH/ 1919 AD. Yazdī, Sharaf al- Dīn, Ẓafar- Nāma, Revised by Seyyed Saeid Mir Mohammad Sadegh & Abdolhossein Navaei, Tehran, ICAL, 1387/ 2008. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Elements of creating suspense through rotational narrative in cinema and fiction
fazlollah khodadadiThe subject of this article is the elements of creating suspense through rotating narrative in cinema and fiction. Whenever in a literary or dramatic narrative (whether novel, film, etc.) the writer or screenwriter, in addition to the main narrative, brings together sev MoreThe subject of this article is the elements of creating suspense through rotating narrative in cinema and fiction. Whenever in a literary or dramatic narrative (whether novel, film, etc.) the writer or screenwriter, in addition to the main narrative, brings together several other sub-narratives, the narration is of a rotational type. In simpler language, rotational narrative can be considered as a collection of sub-narratives in the heart of a large narrative whose sharp movement forward in fiction and cinema creates rotational or rotational narratives. In this structure, one of the prominent elements of narrative is the creation of suspense and expectation in several directions, because the audience (viewer) is involved in several incidents. In the home series "Heart" directed by Manouchehr Hadi, through the technique of circular narration, we see several alternating narrations and as a result, the viewer is suspended. Now, in this research, which is provided by a descriptive-analytical method, we intend to analyze the structural elements of the periodic narrative while analyzing its structural elements. The results of the present study show that the periodic narrative is a macro narrative that is a collection of sub-narratives that are created by elements such as flashback, suspension, characterization and descriptive pause. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - An Explanation of the Factors Affecting Suspension of Disbelief in Interior Spaces
Sharmin Eesazadeh Ziri Reza NaghdbishiThe world imposes numerous limitations that cause humans to harbor worlds created by the mind and made up of dreams to spend some time in peace. It is enabled in dramatic literature by the suspension of disbelief concept. Suspension of disbelief is the avoidance of crit MoreThe world imposes numerous limitations that cause humans to harbor worlds created by the mind and made up of dreams to spend some time in peace. It is enabled in dramatic literature by the suspension of disbelief concept. Suspension of disbelief is the avoidance of critical thinking or logic in examining something unreal or impossible in reality, such as a work of speculative fiction that Samuel Taylor Coleridge first introduced this English-language term in 1817. Architecture, an ancient art form, and architects, with their primary goal of evoking emotions in users, can introduce novel design patterns in this area by creating spaces that are beyond imagination. Achieving a spiritual and metaphoric architecture, having the ability to answer spiritual needs, is a necessity of today's world, especially in cultures with spiritual worldview. Beyond the appearance of architecture as a functional and material space, its hidden narrative nature and mysterious concept and the way of achieving it are crucial. As a result, designing a space that can elicit this infinity of meaning and a boundary between existence and non-existence in the user, taking him outside of his everyday existence and removing him from his earthly existence by creating a parallel world and drowning him in a peaceful sky, cannot be achieved by following any procedure except for the suspension of disbelief with its surreal properties.The purpose of this research was to identify effective factors that would induce suspension of disbelief in internal spaces and create an immersive experience for the user. Through quantification and analyzing indices of this area, the evaluation of case samples is structured. The method in descriptive-analytic research was formed based on a combined logic (mixed) and seven criteria for interaction with the background, the contributive procedure of the user, technology, immersion, scale, sequence, continuity, and creating delusion with 24 indices of physical design, form, geometry, texture, color, music, empiricism, memory and reminiscences, deja vu, audio, visualization, and simulation technologies, narrative split, making up riddles, causal relationships, internal story, dimensional inconsistency, unreal items in a normal background, historical elements, unreal dimensions, unlimited narrative loop, the border between reality and fantasy, creating a parallel world, creating tunnel and passage, and surreal architecture was analyzed based on Likert spectrum and by placing case samples in the conceptual model. The results show that indices of physical design, form and geometry, texture, color, the border between reality and fantasy, and creating tunnel and passage had the highest impact on case samples. Additionally, indices of empiricism, music, unlimited narrative loop, internal story, audio, visualization, unreal items, unreal dimensions, making up the riddle, simulation, deja vu, surreal architecture, historic elements, narrative split, and finally, creating a parallel world are among other effective components on the suspension of disbelief of the user in the internal space. Accordingly, methods have been introduced for design and how it impacts users. Through the use of these strategies in the architecture of interior space, the user can be transported to a fantasy world and separated from the real world. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Age cannot determine the puberty of a girl and a boy
sayed mohammad keykavosi mohammad jafari harandiWhat is always referred to as puberty as the beginning of the responsibilities and limitations of the obligated human being is the reaching of a girl and a boy at a certain age; But regardless of its religious basis, puberty is a natural phenomenon with the actualizatio MoreWhat is always referred to as puberty as the beginning of the responsibilities and limitations of the obligated human being is the reaching of a girl and a boy at a certain age; But regardless of its religious basis, puberty is a natural phenomenon with the actualization of sexual talent and reproductive powers; The same criterion and rule is specified in verse 6 of Surah An-Nisa '. However, in narrations and news, various signs have been set for the interpretation of this stage of sexual ability and several ages have been set for it. Therefore, the lack of unity of basis and criterion in determining the criterion of maturity has caused the plurality of opinions of jurists on this issue; Most of the Imami jurists, citing some hadiths, which of course do not have sufficient and reliable meaning, have placed boys at the age of 15 and girls at the age of nine. The findings of this study show that in the field of understanding the narrations of puberty, what has not been given much attention is the audience at the time of issuing narrations and hadiths. While the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and the infallible Imams (AS) had paid such attention in their tradition and speech and in expressing the rulings, they considered the characteristics of the addressee of the word. Therefore, it can be seen that sexual maturity as the beginning of religious duties is not related to the age specified in the words of the jurists and is different in people affected by climatic conditions and climatic diversity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Principle Validity "Whoever is Owner of thing is also Owner of Confession of it" in Confession or Announced?
Hasan Khodabakhshi Asghar ArabianJurisprudential principle "whoever is owner of thing is also owner of confession of it" is a collected principle and famous among Shia and Sunni jurisprudents. Although the infallible Imams word specifying to this principle but not great jurisprudents like Shaykh Tusi, MoreJurisprudential principle "whoever is owner of thing is also owner of confession of it" is a collected principle and famous among Shia and Sunni jurisprudents. Although the infallible Imams word specifying to this principle but not great jurisprudents like Shaykh Tusi, Ibn Idris, Ibn Barraj, mohaqeq, Allama, Fakhr Almohaqeqyn and shahid avval have appealed and based on that it has been fatwa. According to this rule, anyone who has power, domination and possession in the one thing, it also has the authority to admit towards it. Therefore, confess Attorney to his client in matters that have allowed to do it,Confession Minor, in matters that are allowed to perform, as will the famous and charity andalso acknowledge the legitimate representatives to dominate as governing, guardian or legal guardian, will be acceptedandthe sentence this law, acknowledging them as genuine confession, will be validor that the content of this rule may give notice or announced or claim is not the the true meaning of confession. Some of the rule of rule "eqrar al oqala" that, in the case of general and specific considered and some By taking this ratio in the cases, them with each other accepted conceptually divergence. But some other, general and specific rules Relationship these two absolute expression and rule "eqrar" within in the rule of " whoever is owner " considered and some scholars like Imam Khomeini, both equally well knows rule. Of this rule, different expressions from the jurisprudents of the most famous, «whoever is owner of thing is also owner of confession of it ». in the Iranian Civil Code, substances confession, based on rule "eqrar al oqala" has been set; but the some material based on this rule exists. Anyway, documenting The most important validity of this rule,consensusandconsensus and Concept of rational people is andwhile with the rule of law " eqrar al oqala ", both case society and also case differentiate the two concepts together in the their heterogeny. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Creation and Reviewing Hyper Stories in Martin Leuis Amis’s Works: A Lyotardic Approach
Ali Jamali Nesari Shahram Validi Hiva VeysiJean-François Lyotard discusses postmodernism and its conditions and characteristics, and lists features for postmodern culture, works and ideas. One of the features that distinguishes postmodernism from other literary and cultural periods and schools is the fail MoreJean-François Lyotard discusses postmodernism and its conditions and characteristics, and lists features for postmodern culture, works and ideas. One of the features that distinguishes postmodernism from other literary and cultural periods and schools is the failure and collapse of macro – narrations. Thus, it can be claimed that literary works, downplay macro – narrations, weaken their foundations, move towards postmodernism and place themselves to a greater or lesser degree among postmodern works. The present study aims to survey the three selected works of Martin Amis from cstructure and reviewing hyper stories and show how literature and philosophy, side by side, depict the disintegration of rigid discourses and, in the exhaustion of despair, they consider the possibility of the emergence of a new discourse or narrative. The method of the study is interdisciplinary that have been done as a librarian technique. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Analysis of two stories of "Homay and Darab" and "Moses and Pharaoh" based on the narrative pattern of Grimas
Ehsan AvaniBy studying the Qur'an and Ferdowsi's "Shahnameh", it can find similarities between the characters and their narrations. One of the most famous schools of narratology used in the study of literary texts is structuralism. By simplifying Prop's story analysis model, Grima MoreBy studying the Qur'an and Ferdowsi's "Shahnameh", it can find similarities between the characters and their narrations. One of the most famous schools of narratology used in the study of literary texts is structuralism. By simplifying Prop's story analysis model, Grimas showed that all the elements of a story can be analyzed and have an effective role. He introduces the role of characters in the narrative by presenting an action model hypothesis that is applicable to all narratives. Accordingly, in this research, it is tried to study the narrative structure of the stories of "Homay and Darab" and "Moses and Pharaoh" as an example of the stories of "Shahnameh" and the Qur'an based on Grimas' theory. After analyzing the text, it was concluded that based on the Grimas model, both stories are complete narratives. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE MANIFESTATIONS OF NARRATIONS IN DĪVĀN-E ŠHAMS-E TABRĪZĪ (THE WORKS OF SHAMS OF TABRIZ)
Jalil Tajlil Maalek ShoaeiReferring to narrations and assertions has been the most influential faith after Quran in the history of Islam. Scholars and narrators have tried to maintain and reserve narrations and assertions. Arab and Persian poets have enjoyed using these narrations in t MoreReferring to narrations and assertions has been the most influential faith after Quran in the history of Islam. Scholars and narrators have tried to maintain and reserve narrations and assertions. Arab and Persian poets have enjoyed using these narrations in their poetry to increase the eloquence of their works. This has resulted in mutual ties between poetry and Islamic learnings and enrichment of Persian language, literature and culture. Using narrations and assertions not only adds to the eloquence but it also increases the beauty of content and form. Many poets have used them in their works and among them Molawi is a prominent one. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - The Study of Invalid Narrator in Paola Hawkins’s "The girl on the Train"
Lida Davoudi Behzad Pourgharib Abdulbaghi Rezaei TalarposhtiIn narratology, the narrator plays a vital role in making audience trust and believe the story. The present paper, focusing on Shlomith Rimmon- Kenan, discusses Paola Hawkins’s "The girl on the Train" (1927) from the viewpoint of invalidity of its narrator. Based MoreIn narratology, the narrator plays a vital role in making audience trust and believe the story. The present paper, focusing on Shlomith Rimmon- Kenan, discusses Paola Hawkins’s "The girl on the Train" (1927) from the viewpoint of invalidity of its narrator. Based on this theory, the major and fundamental reasons for the invalidity of the narrator rest on the narrator’s limited knowledge, personal intervention in the story, and his/her contradictory valuable criteria through narration. Due to his/her memory weakness, personal conflicts with the characters, complicated and contradictory value judgment regarding the story, he/she presents a biased narration about the story incidents. The findings show that the narration of the story is against the incidents occurring in the story world in such a way that it is impossible not to doubt about the accuracy of the statements. Manuscript profile -
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12 - A Comparison of the Sequence of Events, Narration and Characters in the Story of “Rostam & Esfandiar” with the Play “Macbeth”
Leila Hashemian Noushin BahramipourThe story of “Rostam&Esfandiar” is one of the most beautiful and attractive stories of “Shahnameh” by Firdausi. “Macbeth” is also a famous play by Shakespeare. These two literary works share some certain similarities. The present MoreThe story of “Rostam&Esfandiar” is one of the most beautiful and attractive stories of “Shahnameh” by Firdausi. “Macbeth” is also a famous play by Shakespeare. These two literary works share some certain similarities. The present article is an attempt to study these similarities in the stories of “Rostam&Esfandiar” by Firdausi and “Macbeth” by Shakespeare taking into consideration the sequence of events, narration and characters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - The Critique and Evaluation of the Narrations Governing Violence in the Establishment of Mahdavi Administration based on Quranic verses
Seyyed Ali Taheri Mehdi MehriziFinding the way of administration of Imam of Time (Leader of the Time) (A.S.) is only feasible by the reference to the narrations of the infallibles (A.S.). So doing, it can be found that some of the narrations made evidence for the use of violence in the establishment MoreFinding the way of administration of Imam of Time (Leader of the Time) (A.S.) is only feasible by the reference to the narrations of the infallibles (A.S.). So doing, it can be found that some of the narrations made evidence for the use of violence in the establishment of Mahdavi Administration. The method of this research is library study. First, the related narrations were collected and the ambiguities out of them were mentioned then. After that, considering the narrators, the narrations were interpreted and the ambiguities were discussed. The findings of the study show that most of the narrations were poor as far as evidence is concerned, invalid in regard to evidential validity, and just valid in regard to narrating. The result is that the Hazrat`s method is cultural meaning that first of all, he invites all the people worldwide to Islam, if threatened to death, the war is also used. Manuscript profile -
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14 - Analysis on Effectiveness of the Narrations of The Innocents on Allameh Tabatabai’s Interpretive Viewpoints
Mahmoud Abu Torabi Seyyed Mohammad Naqib Abbas Yousefi Tazeh KandiOne of the important issues regarding the interpretation of "Al-Mizan" is the role and status of narrations. The view of the effectiveness of the narrations on Allameh Tabatabai's interpretive opinions can be considered among other viewpoints. Research on this opinion i MoreOne of the important issues regarding the interpretation of "Al-Mizan" is the role and status of narrations. The view of the effectiveness of the narrations on Allameh Tabatabai's interpretive opinions can be considered among other viewpoints. Research on this opinion is necessary and innovation can be seen due to the stutus of Allameh Tabatabai's commentary and removing ambiguities about this commentary and the method of Quran to Qur'an, and while the mentioned opinion has been analyzed and the foundations and evidence of the effectiveness of the narrations have been extracted. The unity of Guardianship truth with Qur'an in terms of certainty, lack of differentiation between Quran and Prophet’s family, Ahl al-Bayt as the promoter of Holy Quran, the authority of the tradition and Innocents’ statements, the lack of access to knowledge except the pure, writing the interpretation of Al-Bayan in the agreement between Hadith and Qur’an " before “Al Mizan” interpretation, teaching and commenting on the hadiths of ”Bihar Al-Anwar”, writing thematic commentaries based on narrations, coordinating Allameh's viewpoints with the narrations in" Al-Mizan "commentary are among the most important principles and evidences of the effectiveness of narrations on Allameh Tabatabai's interpetations. The presented principles and evidences show the direct and mediated effectiveness of narrations on Allameh's interpretive opinions. Manuscript profile -
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15 - Quranic study and narration on the legitimacy of for-profit rights: life, competitive and residential right
Amir AhmadiIn human livelihood, there is an important right called for-profit right, which the legislator has stated in the civil law and jurists of its rules and effects. In this research, it has been tried to express the reasons for the legitimacy of for-profit rights, including MoreIn human livelihood, there is an important right called for-profit right, which the legislator has stated in the civil law and jurists of its rules and effects. In this research, it has been tried to express the reasons for the legitimacy of for-profit rights, including the life, competitive and residential right, according to Quranic and narration studies. But what is generally about the act of charities in the way of God can be one of the proofs of the legitimacy of these for-profit rights, of which verses have been mentioned. Also, in this research, other reasons such as narrative reasons, the actions of the companions of the Prophet (PBUH) and the basis of reason have been discussed as "as a source of legitimacy of for-profit rights". The purpose of this study is to investigate the legitimacy of for-profit right according to Islamic jurisprudential sources. Therefore, according to the emergence of new and emerging examples in this matter, the great Islamic jurists and Islamic jurists have a certain criterion for determining the types and rules of for-profit right. Manuscript profile -
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16 - Explanation of the reasons for the reputation of the narrative of Hafs Asim
farzaneh alizadeh Sayyid Fatimah Hosseini Mir Safi Sayyid Fatimah Hosseini Mir SafiDifferences in Quran recitation and the role of Quran recitation in understanding the book have certainly influenced the Quranic sciences to the modern age despite historical controversies. Yet, there is no consensus over the reasons for prioritizing one recitation over MoreDifferences in Quran recitation and the role of Quran recitation in understanding the book have certainly influenced the Quranic sciences to the modern age despite historical controversies. Yet, there is no consensus over the reasons for prioritizing one recitation over the others. Drawing on library studies and adopting a historical approach, the present study aimed to shed some light on the issue that ambiguity in some historical reports arises from particular Quran recitations in the Islamic world, the widespread use of Aasem’s recitation method according to Hafs , adopted as the formal recitation method in the Ottoman Empire, and the publication of the Holy Quran based on Aasem’s recitation method. Therefore, other recitation methods should be taken into account to avoid an unfair exaggerated account of the above recitation method. Manuscript profile -
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17 - The investigation and analysis of the narration time in the story of Moses (PBUH) from the perspective of Gérard Genette's theory based on the Quran
faramarz talaei mohammad farahmand sarabi vododo valizadeh faramarz jalalatAbstract The narration is one of the basic and primary aspects of any storytelling in which objects, places, and static aspects of the story and characters are represented. One of the components of narration is the issue of time, which has been the focus of various narr MoreAbstract The narration is one of the basic and primary aspects of any storytelling in which objects, places, and static aspects of the story and characters are represented. One of the components of narration is the issue of time, which has been the focus of various narratologists. French structuralist Gérard Genette is one of the most prominent theorists in this field. In addition to mood and voice, he considered the time and anachronism of the narration to be the most important components of the narration of the story in order to convey the message quickly and effectively. Considering the importance of this issue in the narrations of the Holy Quran, the present research has tried to point to the narrative theory of Genette through the descriptive-analytical method as well as the narrative time of the story of Moses (PBUH), which is one of the most prominent stories in the Quran. The result of this research indicates that although more of the techniques of the anachronistic (i.e., order, duality, and frequency) are used, through retrospect in the story the dominant aspect of the anachronistic is the frequency of a repeated type, and in the duality, it has mostly been with the state of deletion or summary. Manuscript profile -
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18 - The Influence of Qira'at Science on Reading and Understanding Persian Texts
Mohammad Amin AhmadpourThe influence of the Qira'at (recitation) science on ancient texts is clear and one must have sufficient knowledge of Qur'an for exact understand Persian texts and poetries. Some scholars' unfamiliarity with the science of Qira'at has led them to believe that readi MoreThe influence of the Qira'at (recitation) science on ancient texts is clear and one must have sufficient knowledge of Qur'an for exact understand Persian texts and poetries. Some scholars' unfamiliarity with the science of Qira'at has led them to believe that reading and narration that is common in our day has also been predominant in the ancient Islamic scientific and literary ages, and this is a factor that seriously undermines and damages the texts. Illiteracy of recitation science has led almost all critics and literary scholars to misunderstand the text of the Qur'an, which is somehow related to the meter of the poetry or to some sort of disagreement with the text, and completely or completely disregards the poet and author's opinion. They either fail to understand the main point of the poetry or attribute the meter of the poetry to the necessity and meter of necessity, while in many cases it is the poet's deviation from the purely narrative of Asim Kufi that has amazed the writers. Manuscript profile -
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19 - Allameh Tabatabai's Interaction Method with Interpretive Narrations Quoted in Meaning
Roohollah Samadi Ali Hossein EhteshamiThe present article is based on Allameh Tabatabai's ideas and explains paraphrase (quote in meaning) and its impact on verses of Qur'an and Prophet's narrations and studies examples of interpretive narrations affected in "Al Mizan" carefully; it also explains Allameh's MoreThe present article is based on Allameh Tabatabai's ideas and explains paraphrase (quote in meaning) and its impact on verses of Qur'an and Prophet's narrations and studies examples of interpretive narrations affected in "Al Mizan" carefully; it also explains Allameh's method in criticizing the distinguishing criteria of affection and final decision on mentioned narrations. According to Allemeh one of the factors in the emergence of "quote" meaning unruly is the self - interpretation and misunderstanding of narrators. In cases where this phenomenon has caused disagreement between the narrations, if it is not possible to prefer between the narrations, he will combine them or express their commonalities; and whenever the narration leads to the alteration, he expresses and rejects the distortions with noble accuracy. Allameh Tabatabai studies "quote in meaning" in "Al-Mizan" according to Qur'an's criteria, narrations, wisdom and history. The finding of the present research is that in this interpretation, three types of quotations have been applied; the differences of words without changing the meanings, the differences of words with changing the meanings, the differences in words with distortion of meanings which all are expressed in details. The method of this paper is descriptive – analytical with library technique. Manuscript profile -
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20 - Comparative Study of Quranic Narration Methods in Mathnavi-i Ma'navi and Cambridge Interpretation
Reza Ashrafzadeh Mohammad Behnamfar Nazanin EhsaniMathnavi-i Ma'navi is the result of the stories circulation in the period of time. These stories are the key to Molana's world and to know his creativity in story writing. Cambridge Interpretation is also one of the important interpretations which is especially importan MoreMathnavi-i Ma'navi is the result of the stories circulation in the period of time. These stories are the key to Molana's world and to know his creativity in story writing. Cambridge Interpretation is also one of the important interpretations which is especially important from literary point of view and includes stories which are brought in different parts of the book based on the related subjects. These stories could be studied from different aspects and viewpoints in Mathnavi-i Ma'navi and Cambridge Interpretation. The present research clarifies the relationship between two texts comparatively. Manuscript profile -
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21 - Dating Adiyat Surah
Hossein Jeddi Ibrahim EqbalDating the Quran's Surahs in correct recognition and reputed selections or rejection is an effective issue. This is based on another recognition which is Makkiyah or Madaniyah of a Surah. Makkiyah or Madaniyah science believes that most Surahs are Makkiyah&nbs MoreDating the Quran's Surahs in correct recognition and reputed selections or rejection is an effective issue. This is based on another recognition which is Makkiyah or Madaniyah of a Surah. Makkiyah or Madaniyah science believes that most Surahs are Makkiyah and less Madaniyah but also there is a disagreement on some. Adiyat Sura is in the third group; that's why its dating is a difficult issue as well as important. By documental and contextual study in a comparative method, one can find out it is Madaniyah. If it is considered Madaniyah all disagreements and conflicts would be finalized and it helps the appropriate topic selection as well as its dating; it also presents one of Imam Ali's accomplishments. Manuscript profile -
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22 - An Analysis on Applications of Revelation's Components in Solving its Problems in Sadraie Philosophy
Fatemeh AnsariAccording to Mulla Sadra, revelation is the connection and union of the soul of the prophet with the world of reason and imagination. In order to make this connection take place, human must come to rational perceptions and rule reason ignoring animal and plant MoreAccording to Mulla Sadra, revelation is the connection and union of the soul of the prophet with the world of reason and imagination. In order to make this connection take place, human must come to rational perceptions and rule reason ignoring animal and plant desires. To prove this point, Mulla Sadra enjoys his philosophical principles such as the union of wisdom and wise and the levels of reason, imagination and sense; consequently eliminates the shortcomings of the theory of the peripatetic. The present article seeks to examine Mulla Sadra's approach and approach to the component of revelation (Verses) and Tradition (narrations) in solving philosophical problems in a descriptive – analytical method. Manuscript profile -
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23 - Principles of Applicability and Comparison Application in Quran Interpretation
Hadiyeh Masoudi Sadr Qasem Bostani Seyyed Yousef MahfouziOne of the rules in understanding and enjoying leading verses of Quran is the famous rule of "Applicability and Comparison" which was known since years ago for the religion men and Quranic interpreters. But the mentioned rule and the application principles was not known MoreOne of the rules in understanding and enjoying leading verses of Quran is the famous rule of "Applicability and Comparison" which was known since years ago for the religion men and Quranic interpreters. But the mentioned rule and the application principles was not known theoretically and has raised some questions such as: what are the principles of applying applicability and comparison in understanding Quran Verses? What is the relationship between applicability and comparison rule with other interpretation methods? Thus the present paper includes semantics of applicability and comparison, their analysis and expressing logical ratio with Quran understanding in different forms and categorizing applicability and comparison rule into three branches: Quranic, narrative and rational. Manuscript profile -
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24 - SOME INTOXICANTS FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF HOLY QURAN AND TRADITION
Fatemeh Sadat Mir AghasiAddiction to intoxicants is onc of the most complex social disorders. The effects and consequences of using alcoholic drinks could bc studied from different social, ethical. cultural. economic. health and political aspects. Islam has informed its followers from eating a MoreAddiction to intoxicants is onc of the most complex social disorders. The effects and consequences of using alcoholic drinks could bc studied from different social, ethical. cultural. economic. health and political aspects. Islam has informed its followers from eating and drinking religiously illegitimate things such as alcoholics and pork in many verses in holy Quran. The author of the present article refers to Quranic verses and narrations from innocent ones as well as quotations from great people to express the consequences of using intoxicants. Manuscript profile -
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25 - Animals’ Behavior from Quran & Narrations Viewpoint
Babak Hadian Heidari Mohammad SharifiSince human set foot on the universe, he has tried to know and lead animals; but the cognition of animals becomes more accurate when it comes to knowing their moral qualities, because by knowing these qualities, man can control animals in order to use them properly. Ani MoreSince human set foot on the universe, he has tried to know and lead animals; but the cognition of animals becomes more accurate when it comes to knowing their moral qualities, because by knowing these qualities, man can control animals in order to use them properly. Animal morality is very influential in human life because animals live in a common environment with humans and in addition to benefiting more and more from animals it leads to a peaceful life with animals. thus and because of the importance of the mentioned issue, the authors of the present article intend to study it by citing Quran and narrations with a descriptive – analytical method. The results of the research indicate that each animal has unique moral characteristics that are very effective in recognizing the animals in a way that neither they are being hurt nor harms they harm. Manuscript profile -
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26 - Analysis of criteria and method of selecting news in Al-Safi interpretation
Nafiseh Kowsari Nia Mahin Sharifi Rahmatullah Abdullahzadeh Arani Abdul Hadi Feqhhizadeh"Tafsir Safi" is one of the most important Shiite commentaries in the 11th century. In addition to ijtihad in the method and tendency of "Tafsir Safi", Feyz Kashani has also performed ijtihad in selecting its sources and narrations. Because, on the one hand, he selected More"Tafsir Safi" is one of the most important Shiite commentaries in the 11th century. In addition to ijtihad in the method and tendency of "Tafsir Safi", Feyz Kashani has also performed ijtihad in selecting its sources and narrations. Because, on the one hand, he selected the narrations from some sources of Imami narrations, and on the other hand, considering the volume of "Safi commentary", he did not intend to collect all the commentary narrations in it. Feyz has selected interpretive narrations based on criteria such as diligence citing from the Infallible (AS) in Shiite sources, being related to the verse, diligence citing from authentic narrators, paying attention to the accuracy of citing from the Infallible (AS), non-contradiction with reason and non-contradiction with the dignity and infallibility of the Prophets (pbuh). He has used methods such as complete narration, summary, appropriate fragmentation, deleting the document, forming a family of hadith, eliminating repetition and referring to similar narrations, and quoting the meaning, which in some cases, his performance is not compatible with some of his criteria. Manuscript profile -
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27 - Types of Interpretation in Narrations with Emphasis on the Interpretive Narrations of Sadeghin (AS)
Hassan Hassanzadeh Seyed Mohammad Rastgoofar Mohsen KhoshfarOne of the types of interpretations of the Qur'an is interpretations which are referred as narrative interpretations. In these interpretations, which are a collection of interpretive narrations, these narrations have different types both in terms of content and method o MoreOne of the types of interpretations of the Qur'an is interpretations which are referred as narrative interpretations. In these interpretations, which are a collection of interpretive narrations, these narrations have different types both in terms of content and method of interpretive expression. One of the most frequent narrations in terms of content is interpretive narrations. On the other hand, in mystical interpretations and even the science of mysticism, the issue of interpretation is one of the most important issues. Knowing the types of interpretive narrations, in addition to being effective in understanding interpretive narrations, also plays an important role in understanding the ratio between these narrations and issues of mystical interpretation. This research is a descriptive-analytical method to express the types of narrations in which either interpretation has been expressed or interpretation has been done. As a result of research, many different types of interpretive narrations were obtained, including longitudinal, transverse, inner, literary-syntactic, synthetic, virtual, predicative, composition and comparative interpretations. Manuscript profile -
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28 - A study of Tolagha from the perspective of hadiths and narrations
Ebrahim Khorasani Parizi Mohsen MoradiThe present study seeks to examine Tolagha from the perspective of hadiths and narrations. From this perspective, after expanding the conceptual space, the subject will examine the Tolagha issue. According to the thematic documents presented in this research, the resear MoreThe present study seeks to examine Tolagha from the perspective of hadiths and narrations. From this perspective, after expanding the conceptual space, the subject will examine the Tolagha issue. According to the thematic documents presented in this research, the research method is descriptive-analytical and the data collection method in this research is library. The findings of the research indicate that firstly, Tolagha refers to people like Abu Sufyan, Mu'awiyah and generally the people of Mecca who became Muslims after the conquest of Mecca and then the Holy Prophet (PBUH) liberated them. Secondly, the conquests of Iran and Islam became a factor in influencing the Tolagha group in politics and the caliphate that the expansion of this group has had many consequences. What shows the necessity and importance of this article is that the study of this issue will cause the lies and some inappropriate labels attributed by the enemies to Islam and its followers to be revealed by referring to various and scientifically valid sources and the difference between net and gross to be specified. Manuscript profile -
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29 - Typology of using the example of interpretive narrations of Ahl al-Bayt in interpreting Quranic verses
Mohammad Moradi Masoud MasoumiThe Holy Quran, as an eternal miracle of the Holy Prophet (PBUH), needs to be interpreted and explained for various reasons. In the meantime, the interpretive narrations of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and his Ahl al-Bayt, which according to many verses and narrations, are t MoreThe Holy Quran, as an eternal miracle of the Holy Prophet (PBUH), needs to be interpreted and explained for various reasons. In the meantime, the interpretive narrations of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) and his Ahl al-Bayt, which according to many verses and narrations, are the only ones who are fully aware of the teachings of the Qur'an and its purpose have reached us as a valuable gift through Shiite and Sunnis narrations and hadith books and these narrations are the most effective examples. Using descriptive-analytical methods and using library tools, this paper tries to examine the different types of examples, and their metaphorical features, which are generally neglected. In the end, we concluded that using these methods to interpret the Holy Qur'an is very useful and pleasant, and following this kind of interpretive tradition paves the way for commentators. It is in this way that the high and lofty meanings of the Qur'an can be presented to the audience in the form of sensations and axioms, and the final goal, which is to understand the content and then act on the verses, can be achieved. Manuscript profile -
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30 - The Method of Mahdavi Conversations of Imam Sadegh with Reference to the Holy Quran Verses and Narrations
Majan Sadat Hosseini Mirsafi Sattar Oudi Mohammad Sepehrithroughout history, human life has been accompanied by the confrontation of the two fronts of right and wrong; But this confrontation did not always lead to a foreign war, it often led to rumors or discourses which, although in some cases did not persuade the errin Morethroughout history, human life has been accompanied by the confrontation of the two fronts of right and wrong; But this confrontation did not always lead to a foreign war, it often led to rumors or discourses which, although in some cases did not persuade the erring due to stubbornness and stubbornness, led to the shining of the truth in the hearts of those present in the dialogue and the audience of its written text in later centuries. Considering that the way and method of the Ahl al-Bayt school - as inferred from their teachings - is the way of nature and the Holy Quran is their greatest support in carrying out their monotheistic mission and guidance, so the author of this article has tried to cite according to the verses of the Holy Quran and narrations. The author has explained the method of Imam Sadegh's conversations about Mahdism as a model of the Truth Front in the hope that he will follow the followers of Jafari school in enlightening and spreading the high teachings of this school and answering useful doubts. Manuscript profile -
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31 - Methods of quoting the narrations of Ahl al-Bayt (PBUH) in the interpretation of "Al-Tabyan"
Seyed Hossein Mousavi Darreh Bidi Amir Ahmadinejad"Al-Tabyan Fi Tafsir Al-Quran", written by Sheikh Tusi, is the first comprehensive and ijtihad interpretation of the Quran in Shia. In this interpretation that a significant part of it consist narrations and interpretive sayings, quoting the narrations of the Ahl al-Bay More"Al-Tabyan Fi Tafsir Al-Quran", written by Sheikh Tusi, is the first comprehensive and ijtihad interpretation of the Quran in Shia. In this interpretation that a significant part of it consist narrations and interpretive sayings, quoting the narrations of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) has a different method from the period before and after it. This issue becomes more important due to the position of Sheikh Tusi in Shiite hadith as the author of two books of four hadith books. Most of the narrations narrated in this commentary are not reflected in the traditional way of narrating narrations explicitly in narrations and the principle ruling quoting narrations of Ahl-Albayt in "Al-Tabyan" refers to the narration in the issue of verses and avoiding direct quoting narrations. The author has also used different methods such as referring to the subject of the narration, mentioning the key words of the narration, using words indicating Shiite narrations and unknown words. It can be said that the motivation and temporal and spatial conditions of the author (discourse space) of this commentary have played an effective role in the quantity and quality of the narrations of the Ahl al-Bayt (AS) and the author has tried to write an approximate commentary. Manuscript profile -
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32 - Application of Narration Elements in Al Atlal Ode by Ibrahim Naji
Kamal Dehqani Ashkezari Ezzat Molla IbrahimiNarration is one of the tools for human and a method in which the narrator chooses a story events; it could be found in poetries during the history and that's why poem is known as one of the techniques which enjoys narration while telling stories. The present research s MoreNarration is one of the tools for human and a method in which the narrator chooses a story events; it could be found in poetries during the history and that's why poem is known as one of the techniques which enjoys narration while telling stories. The present research studies the most important elements of narration in Al Atlal Ode by Ibrahim Naji which are: scene (time & place), character and plan. The poet composes the mentioned ode after failure in love and marriage and unwraps his sufferings and grief. It also seeks to clarify narration's structure in the abovementioned ode by analytical – descriptive method. One of the most important results of this study is the division of an ode into parts in order to simplify the poets' concerns. Referring past and escaping to future is remarkable in this ode and the reason is accompanying the reader to express the past or future events. Manuscript profile -
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33 - Stories and Narrations Method in Mathnavi
Mohammad Rasoul Ahangaran Farahnaz Raf’at JooIt is obvious to all mystics and Sufis specifically Iranian researchers that Molana’s poetries are full of love to Lord. His poetries are of two important characteristics which disparate his works (from others); depth of thinking and power of emotion. Mathnavi Ma& MoreIt is obvious to all mystics and Sufis specifically Iranian researchers that Molana’s poetries are full of love to Lord. His poetries are of two important characteristics which disparate his works (from others); depth of thinking and power of emotion. Mathnavi Ma’navi is one of the literary masterpieces which closely interrelates with the ancient literary works and is of a deep relationship with Sufis and mystics. The present article attempts to express Molana’s method in versing stories, narrations and their types and point out the importance of these stories and narrations on the other hand. Manuscript profile -
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34 - Place and time in the novel "The hurricanes in the land of Al Sham"
Hassan Shavandi Zahra Mahmood EsfahaniThe Syrian writer Nadia Khost, captured the embers of creativity and painted it with ability and anecdote. Then she provided to her stories, sensitivity of the unique that made her one of the authoresses of that the Arab Writers Union is proud of their membership. So MoreThe Syrian writer Nadia Khost, captured the embers of creativity and painted it with ability and anecdote. Then she provided to her stories, sensitivity of the unique that made her one of the authoresses of that the Arab Writers Union is proud of their membership. So Nadia Khost smells the scent of the land of Al Sham, and her camphire isn't only Damascene. Location played a functionally clear role in the Palestinian narrative and associated with the stages Arab-Zionist conflict.We note the existence of two types of place in the Syrian novel that are: closed place and open place and each has characteristics and features that reflect the intellectual and psychological nature of the personality in which she lives.Palestinians novelists have the awareness of big importance for the time and this comes back to retrieve events that have occurred in the past. Or on the contrary, of that jumps forward to anticipate what is coming, or unexpected events. The following research examines the reality of the novel and the most important issues, concepts and ideas which they covered in this regard and then it studies the novel technically, then it stands on its relationship with narrative components: Place and time. Manuscript profile -
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35 - Characters Types in "Under the Midmorning Sun" by Ibrahim Nasrallah
Seyyed Mahdi Masbouq Ali Hossein Gholami Yalghon AghajThe Character factor plays an important role in novel's structure; it is the center of thoughts and views that all the story theme relies on it. The novel character attains his thoughts and approaches of a fact in which he lives in. Ibrahim Nasrallah applied different c MoreThe Character factor plays an important role in novel's structure; it is the center of thoughts and views that all the story theme relies on it. The novel character attains his thoughts and approaches of a fact in which he lives in. Ibrahim Nasrallah applied different characters in his novel - Under the Midmorning Sun – in order to express Palestine issue and then attempts to convey Palestinians states such as happiness, sadness, love, war and so on. The characters of the abovementioned novel are exclusive to mysterious and the author point out resistance and crusade for the hometown. The present paper surveys the characters, their physical and mental aspects in Under the Midmorning Sun in descriptive – analytical method. Manuscript profile -
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36 - A Study on Methodology of Narration and its Techniques in "Miramar" by Naguib Mahfouz
Askar Babazadeh Aqdam Abolfazl Rahmani Alireza Hosseini Hossein Shams AbadiUndoubtedly Naguib Mahfouz – the author of "Miramar" is known as the most famous Egyptian authors who awarded the 1988 literature Noble Prize. The author describes the Egypt revolution and the political situation in 1919 and also expresses different parties and re MoreUndoubtedly Naguib Mahfouz – the author of "Miramar" is known as the most famous Egyptian authors who awarded the 1988 literature Noble Prize. The author describes the Egypt revolution and the political situation in 1919 and also expresses different parties and reactions of different stratum. The present paper studies the method and its elements and raises some questions as: 1- how the author introduces the characters to the reader? 2- Which narrative methods are applied in the story by the author? The author's realistic tendency manifests in his work which are attractive similes by enjoying the country's conditions as well as faces, colors, voices and proverbs. Manuscript profile -
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37 - The edict murder against of unbeliever and the incursion
mohammad sadegh ghaderi mohammad mahdi AhmadiAbstract :One of the high edict of Islam religious in social aspect is Jehad .maybe in first view the enemies emphasize that is Jehad is synonym of war that it was equal in the other country . But the question is where the Iemam is absent and the society was ruled by hi MoreAbstract :One of the high edict of Islam religious in social aspect is Jehad .maybe in first view the enemies emphasize that is Jehad is synonym of war that it was equal in the other country . But the question is where the Iemam is absent and the society was ruled by his deputy , what is the edict in this time ?Jehad in Islam against other country , contain many high goals . and always depend of despot of morality .Islamic Jehad has close relationship by peace and against of those people that say : Islam is the religion of sword . In fact Islam is peace .Among the teller of legitimation of begin of Jehad we can called the name of Halabi , Sallar , great ayatollah Khoee , and the great ayatollah khamenie the leader of Islamic revolution .The man who said Jehad is forbidden when the Imam is absent because the qualification is: present of Imam , maturation , intellect , permission of parents , health if body and etc… . Manuscript profile -
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38 - A study of Narrative in Abutorab Khosravi’s Asfar-e-Kateban (The Book of Scribes) Through the Lens of Gérard Genette's Narrative Theory
Mina Karami Manizheh Fallahi Ali EskandariGerard Genet, a prominent structuralist narrator, has proposed a comprehensive blueprint for narrative texts. He has proposed three aspects of narrative structure in his narrative theory including grammatical time (order, frequency, duration), dimension (distance and fo MoreGerard Genet, a prominent structuralist narrator, has proposed a comprehensive blueprint for narrative texts. He has proposed three aspects of narrative structure in his narrative theory including grammatical time (order, frequency, duration), dimension (distance and focus) and the tone or sound (narrator in three levels: meta-narrative, narrative level and sub-narrative). This study, examines the novel Asfar Kataban, by Aboutrab Khosravi based on the theory of Genet’s narratology with a descriptive-analytical method. The results of this research indicate that the author has created temporal distortion by using the method of flashback. He has slowed down the narration of the story by eliminating and summarizing it, and has slowed down the narration by expressing a descriptive delay. Also, in critical moments, with the frequent repetition of a narration, the importance of the incident has been highlighted, and the novel has reached the meta-fiction level with the multiplicity of narrators and narrations, anachronism, the death of the author and the narrative nature of history. Manuscript profile -
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39 - The Structure and Narrative Techniques of “autumn is the Last Season of the Year” Novel
Teymoor Malmir Zinat nateghpoorThe novel called autumn is the last season of the year, written by Nasim Marashi, includes some stories about the life of three girls. We have analyzed the structure of the narration of the novel. The novel includes two parts, titled “summer” and “autu MoreThe novel called autumn is the last season of the year, written by Nasim Marashi, includes some stories about the life of three girls. We have analyzed the structure of the narration of the novel. The novel includes two parts, titled “summer” and “autumn” that each of these two parts have three chapters, and each chapter is narrated from the viewpoint of one of the three main characters. The main plan of the novel, is based on the alternative narration by each of these three characters that has relationship with the other character. The predominant story of each of them is based on their own specific situation. All of three women have two types of narration. The method of their narration is similar. They use alternative method. The main content and thought of the novel is the statement of relativity. We have analyzed the method of narration, dichotomy, and conflicts of the novel, naming of the book and characters and the method of partitioning of the novel based on relativity. We have addressed the relativity of the method and different skills of the author, according to the thought and content of the novel, based on structural knowledge. The existence and presence of man is important for all three women, but the kind and amount of this importance is different in each case. The multilateral narration of the novel wants to represent the common problems of the young generation, especially 1360’s youth, in different areas and situations. The research data have collected by analytical by library approach and have processed by analytical and descriptive methods. Manuscript profile -
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40 - The Analysis of Cryptography of the Dastoor -e- Zaban -e- Eshgh(Grammar of Love) by Qaisar Aminpour in the Light of Roland Barth’s Views
Nadim Asghari Ghajari Hasan Ali Abbaspoor Esfeden Mohammad Ali KhaledianSemiotics has a prominent effect in analyzing the unaddressed dimensions of literary texts. In the signs system, codes are of particular importance. In this regard, Roland Barthes' views are more credible. He divides codes into five types: action, hermeneutic, symbolic, MoreSemiotics has a prominent effect in analyzing the unaddressed dimensions of literary texts. In the signs system, codes are of particular importance. In this regard, Roland Barthes' views are more credible. He divides codes into five types: action, hermeneutic, symbolic, semantic, and referential. This allows for a solid analysis of the underlying and secondary layers of the text. In the present article, using Barth's cryptographic theory, the sonnets of Qaisar Aminpour in the Dastoor -e- Zaban -e- Eshgh have been studied and analyzed to show how much the narrative has a direct effect on the reproduction of different meanings. The results of the research show that the reflection of cultural codes in these sonnets indicates the widespread manifestation of ideological, religious, mystical, literary and romantic discourse to advance the narratives. Hermeneutic codes are used to involve the audience in discovering the ambiguous dimensions of the narrative. By giving subjectivity at the beginning of the sonnets, while pausing to provide answers, the poet finally reveals and expands the scope of the target group. The dual contrasts in the symbolic codes are a desirable ground for objectifying the narrator's inner selves and making his mentalities tangible. Part of the quality of semantic codes in Aminpour’s sonnets shows that he described his intended system of signification using religious and emotional words and phrases. Also, the codes of action have had a positive effect on the credibility and explanation of the abstractions and intangible circumstances of the narrator. Manuscript profile -
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41 - Holy Narration of Hamdo-llah Mostofi’s «Chosen History» and the occasions for expressing them
Ali Zakeri -
Open Access Article
42 - Narratology of “Story of Akvān the Demon”
Nasrin Beiranvand Hossein Arian Nasser Kazem KhanlouNarratology is a noteworthy branch of twentieth century criticism, and the general concept of it is the transition from the initial position to the second position and it becomes the basis for the actors’ actions to take place on. Algirdas Julien Greimas, the semi MoreNarratology is a noteworthy branch of twentieth century criticism, and the general concept of it is the transition from the initial position to the second position and it becomes the basis for the actors’ actions to take place on. Algirdas Julien Greimas, the semiotician narratologist, has done a lot to provide certain patterns in narratology. His narratology is based on Vladimir Propp's morphology of the tales. The present paper aims to investigate “Story of Akvān the Demon” in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh based on the actantial model of Grimas, and the researchers have studied the plot of the story through his semiotic square approach. Manuscript profile -
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43 - The role of Kashefi's Martyrs Elegies in the Spreading of Ashura History Distortions
hamid reza jadidiMullah Hussein Kashefi's Martyrs Elegies book (910 A.H) which depicts Ashura's Events is one of the first books about the killings of Ashura which enjoy a literary language attraction of great influence. Since its writing, this book has been criticized its wrong narrati MoreMullah Hussein Kashefi's Martyrs Elegies book (910 A.H) which depicts Ashura's Events is one of the first books about the killings of Ashura which enjoy a literary language attraction of great influence. Since its writing, this book has been criticized its wrong narration of the history of this event. It is considered one of the first books giving wrong historical accounts with poor historical supports about event happening on Ashura. In this article, after a brief account about the late Timurids era and Kashefi's biography, different ideas about this book and its author have been discussed along with the reasons for distortions mentioned in the book and public interest in it. Also resources used and his narration style have been studied. The findings show that the main reasons for such distortions are Kashefi's lack of source, fictional narration style like Sufis, relying on his own memories as an orator, lack of accuracy in his narrations of events, and Kashefi's intention to motivate Shiites of his time to create a connection with Prophet Mohammad 's family (PBUH). It can also be said that Timurids in Khorasan created an atmosphere from which a kind of Shiites was born by which the Safavids advertise this kind of shiism. Manuscript profile -
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44 - Narrative of closed places in the poem of Mohammad Afifi Matar ( the cemetery and cafe for example)
shahriar hemati Seyed Hamed PoorHeshmatiWe consider the narrative structure in the contemporary poetic text to be an integral unit that carries many elements and techniques for its artistic image. The place element has a significant importance in the creation of the narratives and the creation of bonds that c MoreWe consider the narrative structure in the contemporary poetic text to be an integral unit that carries many elements and techniques for its artistic image. The place element has a significant importance in the creation of the narratives and the creation of bonds that combine the narratives with a specific atmosphere in which to express the views of the narrator, The presence of the prominent closed spaces in the poetry of Mohammed Afifi Matar comes in a special verbal nature confined in closed spaces to the organization of the dramatic events and deepen the internal life of the person concerned, but this may result in the merger at the opposite result and lead to adventure in the experience of the outside and then get out of the opposite interviews. This study attempts to use the descriptive-analytical approach to address the narratives of the closed spaces in the poetry of Muhammad Afifi Matar, and in particular focus on the location of the cemetery and the makhee. The cemetery is unique in the dimensions and sizes of the excellence of the closure and limited as a narrative meaning that may be the twin death and resurrection in a position and then suggest offset hostility and familiarity in other positions and that the cafe in his poetry can be a haven to escape the personal safety and stability of the events of reality Occasional, bipolarism occurs, or becomes a conflict between self-sufficiency and globalization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - The narrative structure in the poem "Children bear the mind" of Suleiman al-Issa
mahtab dehqan Rasol BallaviStudying the structure of the texts, especially poetic texts, from the point of view of narrative criticism is of great importance because it gives us a new vision of what we read from the poems of modern times. This branch of literary criticism is used in the study of MoreStudying the structure of the texts, especially poetic texts, from the point of view of narrative criticism is of great importance because it gives us a new vision of what we read from the poems of modern times. This branch of literary criticism is used in the study of many poetic texts and prose to learn the construction of these texts better. In this research we used this critical approach to study the poem "Children with the Consciousness" by Suleiman al-Issa, the Syrian poet of children from his poetry collection "I and Jerusalem". In this research, we have relied on the analytical descriptive approach, and we have included several narratives about narrative, narrative structure, and a short vision of the poet's life in the introductory section. Then we studied the most important narrative techniques in the poem, such as the characters, the plot, the idea, the meaning, the dialogue, the narrator, and so on. During this study, we have reached several conclusions, including: that the poet has sufficient skill in dealing with characters from the elements of narration and has relied on narrative techniques in the narrative text, especially with regard to the mentality of children. Manuscript profile -
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46 - ultra narrative in the novel "The Game of Forgetting" by Muhammad Barada
Shahram DelshadAl-Mutasardi or Al-Mitarwa'i or Al-Miyataqas, all of which have several words for the meaning of Al-Wahd. Alrvayyvn Bghyh Llvsvl to Thtym Alam Alrvayy Almtkhyl Alzy Kan Yshbh Balvaq Vymasl indeed Tmasa Hrfya, height Astkhdmva'm addicted Alalyat Valadvat per Alrvayh Ltkh MoreAl-Mutasardi or Al-Mitarwa'i or Al-Miyataqas, all of which have several words for the meaning of Al-Wahd. Alrvayyvn Bghyh Llvsvl to Thtym Alam Alrvayy Almtkhyl Alzy Kan Yshbh Balvaq Vymasl indeed Tmasa Hrfya, height Astkhdmva'm addicted Alalyat Valadvat per Alrvayh Ltkhrj as Almhakah Alhrfyh just Htrafyh, Fhv Kalsrd exorcised facing Ykhrj Alrvayh I Alvaqyh Albhth, Widmer alcohol Alzy the Ldy Almtlqy Lqbvl Alvqay Valahdas And the test of personalities and natures, the conflict of the righteous, and the firmness of the foundations and the firmness of the author. Yqvm Alrvayy hotels Alsrd Almytaqsy assigned to recruit'm addicted Alalyat Valmvshrat facing Yekhelqan Alnzm Alrvayy Valmntqyh chips per Alsrd, Kahtkak Alam Almtkhyl Balvaq, Tmazj Alrvayh Balnqd, Alatraf Bsnayh Alrvayh hotels Alrvayy entry per Alsrd, Tdakhla Mbashra, reflect Alsyrh autoimmune Llkatb lodging it mentioned Vsfafth.yjdr Here are some of the narrations in the legitimacy of the new narration. The establishment of the narration on the basis of the form of the new narration, in which the narrator is with the new narrators and their authorities and councils, and their employment is directed in the practice of the cold with success. The narrators of the moment until the second of the narrators of the Arabs, looking at the knowledge of the cash, which comes after the interpretations and the considerations of the cash in the Manuscript profile -
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47 - The functions of polyphonic narration in the novel "War in Egypt" by Yusuf al-Qaed
Omid Jahanbakht Layli Shahram Delshad Mojtaba ElyasiPolyphonic narrative is a new type of narrative used by some postmodernist literary historians in the late 1970s to the last decade. In this type of literature, the author uses several narrators for narration and avoids the use of a single narrator.Yusuf Al-Qa'id(1944), MorePolyphonic narrative is a new type of narrative used by some postmodernist literary historians in the late 1970s to the last decade. In this type of literature, the author uses several narrators for narration and avoids the use of a single narrator.Yusuf Al-Qa'id(1944), a prominent Egyptian novelist, has used this method in some of his novels to demonstrate his approach to innovation. The purpose of this article is to examine the functions of polyphonic narration in the novel "War on the Land of Egypt ". It is important to examine this approach in order to identify novels that are modeled on practices appropriate to the age of democracy and civilization; The methods that have been used in conjunction with the development of societies as well as their social and political transformation to convey effective functions to the Arabic reader. The findings indicate that this narrative method is used in the novel to induce three basic functions, namely,dramatic and thematic struggle, explanation and communityization of events and subjects, creating equality, and establishing equal dialogue among fictional characters.I Yusuf al-Qa'id has chosen this narrative style for his narrative plot and through it he intends to reject with this new kind of monotheism and tyranny in the narration and presentation of ideas so that all the characters are equally Be present in the arena of narration, and on the other hand, the reader should be aware of the crisis of democracy and equality in the Arab society in a tangible and realistic way. Manuscript profile -
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48 - The Polyphonic Narration in the novel 'dafāter al-Warrāq' (Notebooks of the Bookseller) by Jalal Barjas in the light of the theory of 'Mikhail Bakhtin'
Majid Salehbek Maedeh Zohriarab The polyphonic novel is a novel in which we find the disappearance of the narrator in favor of the characters who undertake the process of narration and discourse by themselves and freely express themselves, their thoughts, and their own experiences, and this is w More The polyphonic novel is a novel in which we find the disappearance of the narrator in favor of the characters who undertake the process of narration and discourse by themselves and freely express themselves, their thoughts, and their own experiences, and this is what the critics named the polyphonic narration. We encounter the polyphonic narration in the novels of modern and postmodern literature as a departure from the traditional novel and its characterization by polyphony at different levels. Polyphony and poly-lingual are the most important concepts that Mickhail Bakhtin, the Russian theorist, was looking for. There is no doubt that the polyphonic narrative text is a new type of literary text and has a paramount importance in forming different languages and voices with different cultural and social affiliations and in changing a novel to a play in which the fictional characters interact. Accordingly, this research aims to study the polyphonic narration in the novel 'dafāter al-warrāq' (Notebooks of the Bookseller) by Jalal Barjas, the Jordanian novelist, in the light of Mikhail Bakhtin's theory. While the novel has polyphony feature, the research tries to depict its polyphonic basis through adaptation of polyphony in the text of the novel. Since the topic deserves to explore deeply and focus on its different aspects, this research tries to deals deeper with the polyphony feature of this novel. The approach of the research is that the text of the fictional text of Jalal Barjas includes multiplicity in personalities, consciousness patterns, ideologies, and others things that are among the components of the polyphonic narrative. Manuscript profile -
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49 - The Review and Analysis of Narrative Structure of "Khosrow and Shirin " and "Leyli and Majnun "Based on Their Main Characters' Function
Abdol Hossein Farzad Amir Hosssein Mahouzi Fereshte NaseriIn the vast world of narrative literature , the lyrical poems of Nezami Ganjavi with their unique narrative aspects ,structures and origins are the type of Persian literature classic works that can be considered and criticized in accordance with principles o MoreIn the vast world of narrative literature , the lyrical poems of Nezami Ganjavi with their unique narrative aspects ,structures and origins are the type of Persian literature classic works that can be considered and criticized in accordance with principles of structuralism . In this research, "Khosrow and Shirin " and "Leyli and Majnun" romances have been analyzed structurally as samples of the most pleasing ones. So, at first some points about narration and its elements and units are mentioned. Next, by explaining characters ,or, in another word motifs and their functions , the narrative elements of considered romances have been compared according to structural narration point of view which is the base of Russian theorist Vladimir Propp ' s work in morphological analysis of fairy tales. In order to fulfill this, categories like plot ,character, narration timing ,order and pedagogy, continuity ,narrator ,have been considered to conclude how these elements with their own syntactic combination change the story from raw form (fabula) to narrative form and with this method of expressing , what the effect of lyrical content of story on the narrative elements is. Manuscript profile -
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50 - Investigating the Structural Structures of Allegorical Narratives in the Spiritual Masnavi
forough mansouri Alireza yosefi Narges keshtiarayNarrative studies from the structuralist point of view studies the nature, form and role of narrative and tries to show the ability and understanding of the text of the narrative. The longevity of the structure has retained its freshness and freshness in allegorical nar MoreNarrative studies from the structuralist point of view studies the nature, form and role of narrative and tries to show the ability and understanding of the text of the narrative. The longevity of the structure has retained its freshness and freshness in allegorical narratives. The purpose of this study is to show what has caused the allegory in the spiritual Masnavi, in the place of a normal type of narrative, to become a prominent and special literary type of Rumi? This descriptive-analytical method and by examining a number of allegorical narratives of Rumi's works, seeks to answer the main question: what are the characteristics of the structure of allegorical narratives in the spiritual Masnavi that has caused the transformation of this fictional art to evolution and maturity Reach? Based on this research, it is clear that in addition to creating ambiguity of allegory, other factors have also played a significant role in perpetuating the structure of allegorical narratives as Rumi's popular literary genre; These factors are: moment expansion through internal story, creating parallel stories, alternative story structure, incident pattern in allegorical narratives, structural duality and synonymy of literary genres. The great mystic has also been revealed.The authors of this study have found Masnavi allegories in the position of a kind of narratives, based on a more coherent structure of narrative rules and regulations, which shows Rumi's maturity and mastery in allegorical narrations. Manuscript profile -
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51 - ‘All of Our Stories are Our Own’: Investigating the Structure of Brief Personal Experience Narratives from Pakistan
Fizza Farrukh Anmol Ahmad -
Open Access Article
52 - Mystical Introduction to the Meaning Of “Al Khotvat”
Fatemeh Askari Hasan AbdollahiHuman has contrary bilateral mental sounds, most of human’s faults are results of conflict between these two sounds which have involved him. It has been inferred to for several times in the religious texts such as Quran, Nahjo Al Balgheh …. There have been the various i MoreHuman has contrary bilateral mental sounds, most of human’s faults are results of conflict between these two sounds which have involved him. It has been inferred to for several times in the religious texts such as Quran, Nahjo Al Balgheh …. There have been the various interpretations to made human avoid such damages of devil. The conceptual term “Al Khotvat” and “Satan’s Khotovat” are one of these interpretations. Which have been explained in Quran for several times, for example: “to chase a person”, “to follow a person”, “Evil’s effects and signs”, “progress”, “libido”, “Evil’s temptations”, they are all important to be considered. This study is to examine the vocabulary concept of the word “Al Khotvat” in the light of mystical literature. There are two axes in this study including: 1- Preface about conceptual meaning and term of “Al Kohtvat” and general study. 2- Analytical study of subject in the light of mystical, mystical literature Manuscript profile -
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53 - Analysis of the Impact of Quranic Verses and Traditions on Attaar Neishaboori's Works
Shokouh Assadollahi Jamshid Jalali SheejaniSheykh Farīd ud-Dīn Aṭṭār Neyshabooriwas one of the famous Persian poets and theosophists who lived during the late sixth to the early seventh Hijra centuries. He was among the theosophist poets who were enamored to Quran and Gnosticism. He also had thorough knowledge o MoreSheykh Farīd ud-Dīn Aṭṭār Neyshabooriwas one of the famous Persian poets and theosophists who lived during the late sixth to the early seventh Hijra centuries. He was among the theosophist poets who were enamored to Quran and Gnosticism. He also had thorough knowledge of religious sciences such as interpretation, Haddith or narrations so that all his works were replete with some contexts originated from verses and narrations. Hence, in his poems, being fully gnostic and religious, reflection and manifestation of the God’s discourse (speech) and narrations can abundantly be observed. In contrast with his ancestors, he resorted to a different method to create his poems. Relying on to simple language and common parlance, giving different parables and allegories, giving fables on behalf of ordinary people and animals and excitement of emotions were among the methods he used to create his works. He sometimes used Quranic verses directly and sometimes he partially pointed out to them. Moreover, he gave some trivial changes in such verses and gave an overall meaning of them in his works. Focusing on his works such as Asrarnameh, Mantegholteir, Mosibatnameh, Elahinameh, Mokhtarnameh and his odes and sonnets, in this paper, we are trying to investigate whether his works have directly (or indirectly) been impacted (by other sources and factors). Manuscript profile -
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54 - Study of Divine Love and Affection in the Creation of the Universe (Based on the Verses of Quran from Imam Khomeini’s Point of View
Mahnaz Kaeian Hosseini Maryam Bakhtyar Ali YarhosseiniDiscussion of divine love is one of the interesting topics, especially, in Islamic mysticism that has forced many mystics and thinkers to explain and expand them according to the relevant verses of Quran. Also, Imam Khomeini in his works he dealt with this issue, by Pav MoreDiscussion of divine love is one of the interesting topics, especially, in Islamic mysticism that has forced many mystics and thinkers to explain and expand them according to the relevant verses of Quran. Also, Imam Khomeini in his works he dealt with this issue, by Paving the way the verses and narrations on the other hand, and also, with the influence of the elders of the valley of mysticism and knowledge, that in this study, We try to discuss and description about it by use of library method and collection of materials and content analysis. What emerges from his works, indicates that both universe and the creation of man are the product of divine love and affection. Such love and affection, can lead him back from this earthly world to the rest of world, if found in the seeker of path of truth, that, of course, it is possible in the shadow of acting on the rules and law that God asked of servant, and The concept “We are from God and turn to God” realized about it. From the perspective of Imam, divine love is similar to a fire that is kindled in lover heart from beginning of creation, and in order to achieve it, one must to get help from purification and cultivation of the soul, which attribute that seeks to purify the self from impurities and obstacles and mundane and material veils that appears inside devotee, and enabling devotee to discover kingdom and meet God based on verses of the Quran. Manuscript profile -
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55 - Explaining The Position 0f Women in the Marriage Narrations of Shahnameh Tahmaspi, Based on the Intertextual Analysis of Text and Image
Shohreh Doosti Farzaneh Farrokhfar Arman YaghubpourThe aim of this study was to explain the position of women in the marriage narrations of Shahnameh Tahmaspi based on the intertextual analysis of text and images in Iran. The present study statistical universe included all the drawings of Tahmaspi Shahnameh. The sample MoreThe aim of this study was to explain the position of women in the marriage narrations of Shahnameh Tahmaspi based on the intertextual analysis of text and images in Iran. The present study statistical universe included all the drawings of Tahmaspi Shahnameh. The sample subsumed 29 images in all of which women have an important and key role. The research design was descriptive-analytical. The data collecting method was through library documentary, observation and reviewing the intertextual drawings and analyzing the visual elements in the selected works. Data were analyzed using interdisciplinary studies and content analysis methods. The results showed that the position of women in Shahnameh marriage narrations were rooted in the mythological beliefs of Iranians and in this regard, had a special validity. Due to the mythological structure of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, fidelity and adherence to the principles of the original texts was quite clear. However, in the depiction of the paintings of Tahmaspi Shahnameh, there were obvious differences with the text, the source of which was the culture of the Safavid society and the beliefs of the patriarchal society of that period. Manuscript profile -
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56 - A Study of the Narrative Aspects of “The King and the Maid” from Masnavi-e-Ma’navi and Similar Narrations based on Tzotan Todorv’s Model
hosein sadeghi mohammad amir mashhadi abdolali oveysiA Study of the Narrative Aspects of “The King and the Maid” from Masnavi-e-Ma’navi and Similar Narrations based on Tzotan Todorv’s Model ABSTRACT “The King and the Maid” narration is the most fundamental one in Masnavi-e-Ma’na MoreA Study of the Narrative Aspects of “The King and the Maid” from Masnavi-e-Ma’navi and Similar Narrations based on Tzotan Todorv’s Model ABSTRACT “The King and the Maid” narration is the most fundamental one in Masnavi-e-Ma’navi with regard to intra-structural factors as well as Rumi’s thought system. Rumi has undoubtedly taken this narration from similar narrations in Persian literature such as Ferdows-al-hekmat, Nezamie-e-Aroozi, Attar’s MosibatNameh, and Nezami’s EghbalNameh and has reproduced the narration with mystic theme systematically. The present research is an attempt to study these narrations based on Tzotan Todorv’s theory in order to reveal the stories’ intra-structural factors which make the stories expand and move logically, through which the fundamental factors in shaping the stories will be unearthed. Finally, it is tried to find the frequency of the narrative aspects in the stories so as to show the final structure of the narrative. Keywords: Narration, Narrateology, Narrative Aspects, Tzotan Todorv, Masnavi-e-Ma’navi, The King and the Maid Manuscript profile -
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57 - Analysis of love ethics and literature in the stories of Mostafa Mastoor
سهیلا محقق mahbobeh Khorasani mortaza rashidi ashjerdiIn romance novels, the main priority is to pay attention to romantic relationships. Most of the heroes in different narrative angles commit immorality and immorality in lovemaking, which is the main reason for the failure of their love. This article analyzes this issue MoreIn romance novels, the main priority is to pay attention to romantic relationships. Most of the heroes in different narrative angles commit immorality and immorality in lovemaking, which is the main reason for the failure of their love. This article analyzes this issue based on an article by Mostafa Malekian entitled "Romantic . Loving morality has nothing to do with success or failure; The lover must love as much as he does not violate the moral virtues, and in the literature of love, he must love in practice so as not to harm the success of the love process. The purpose of this study is to investigate "love ethics and literature in hidden love stories" and of the type of qualitative and thematic content analysis, and to try to adapt these stories with the factors mentioned in the basic article for the establishment of proper love communication and Let's analyze them. Since Mastur is a realist writer; The question is: to what extent is the morality and literature of a lover observed among the heroes of his stories and what effect does it have on these characters? Also, what effect does this observance or non-observance have on the narration? And in the end, we came to the conclusion that these non-observations by the lovers cause them conflict and emotional crisis, and it has an unpleasant end to the narration of the story, and on the other hand, observing the correct romantic relationships also has a positive effect on the characters. Manuscript profile -
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58 - Analysis and review of the narrative in "The Comprehensive Story of Attar's Tragedy with Emphasis on the Design and Plot, the Narrator" with an approach to the theory of "polyphony or polyphony" Bakhtin
Ameneh Batani batool Fakhre eslam mahdi Norooz farzad AbbasiPolyphony means the multiplicity of sounds and sounds and refers to a discourse in which several sounds are heard at the same time. Like music that, although made up of different melodies, these melodies are played at the same time to create the final tone and melody. T MorePolyphony means the multiplicity of sounds and sounds and refers to a discourse in which several sounds are heard at the same time. Like music that, although made up of different melodies, these melodies are played at the same time to create the final tone and melody. The Logic of Conversation and the Concept of Discourse Gohar is the essence of Bakhtin's thought in the field of "philosophical anthropology". The main issue and purpose of this article is to study and analyze the dialogue and logic of conversation with emphasis on "plot and plot", "narrator, character" in the comprehensive narrative of the tragedy and the levels that the seeker of thought encounters. . Attar's symphony and dialogue logic are manifested in forty positions. The logic of conversation in the comprehensive narrative is an attempt to know individuals, not only through dialogue with others, but also their empathetic presence with themselves and others. The views and thoughts of the characters, which may belong to conflicting ideologies, are on a par with the author's views, and all are equally important. In Attar's phonetic symphony, actors from any selected class, position and position can play their chords, and finally, these sounds lead to a better awareness and understanding of the melody of existence and reaching the position of nearness to God. Clearly able to demonstrate the concept of polyphony or polyphony. Manuscript profile -
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59 - Review the story of Sshamseh and Ghahghaheh on the theoty of Genette narratives
ferasat dezhdah davood mohammadiIn recent decades, narrative and narrative have become a relatively new debate in literary criticism. People like Vladimir Prop, uh. Jay Gromas and Tzutan Todorov are pioneers of the constructivist approach. Influenced theory-writers such as Gerard Gent.. The theory of MoreIn recent decades, narrative and narrative have become a relatively new debate in literary criticism. People like Vladimir Prop, uh. Jay Gromas and Tzutan Todorov are pioneers of the constructivist approach. Influenced theory-writers such as Gerard Gent.. The theory of genes is based on five pivotal concepts that include order, continuity, frequency, aspect and toneWe examined these five principles of genius on the story of lullaby and lilac-from the popular book of Al-Qalub - as a narrative of the tenth century, with a library and analytical approach. To discover the feasibility and validity of narratives through the analysis and analysis of the text, and to grasp the coherent structure of the narrative of the effect.The results of this study, after reviewing and adapting the text to Genet's theory, state that, in terms of time, the text is not linear, the narrative is straightforward, events are going on with characters. In the discussion of continuity, due to the attention of the author in all parts of the story, the description of events and the detailed description of events are negative, and this trend continues until the end of the story.. Frequency is also frequent, which emphasizes the goals of the author in the story of the story. The narrator is the wise, the type of focalization of that variable and the personality of the story is dependent. At first, the story has the first person tone, but in episodic narratives it continues with third person narratives. Manuscript profile -
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60 - Structural analysis of Three Short Stories of Shahryar Mandanipour (Sharghe banafshe, Shaame Sarv o Atash, and NarBanoo)
Mohammad Hossein Khanmohammadi Teymoor Malmir Golaleh MoradiToday, structuralism is one of current approaches to studying literary texts. Critics analyze literary texts to component parts by using this method. On other hand, they dispose superficial meaning to arrive virtual meaning and deep structure. In this research, by using MoreToday, structuralism is one of current approaches to studying literary texts. Critics analyze literary texts to component parts by using this method. On other hand, they dispose superficial meaning to arrive virtual meaning and deep structure. In this research, by using structuralism theories of theorist (Barthes, Bremond, and Todorov), three series of short stories of Shahryar Mandanipour (Abi mavaraye behar, Mahe nimrouz and Sharghe banafshe) has been investigated and identified simplicity and complexity of narration, the kind of narrator and deep structure of stories. Shahryar Mandanipour, is one of the writers of short story in Iran that belongs to third generation. By relying on the element of language, and new method of writing story, he has created prominent works in short story and novel genres. Deep structure of Mandanipour stories mainly consists of purports such as death and life, love and hate, war and its consequences, unhealthy relations between humane and etc. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Descriptive adaptation of ancient narrations based on contemporary narratology
shahrzad radmanesh abolghasem ghavam reza ashrafzadeResearch in ancient narrations requires both interpretation and comparison with the theories of the current century. In the perspective of ancient man; Narratives, stories and legends have been one of the most entertaining norms of human beings. Apart from the validity MoreResearch in ancient narrations requires both interpretation and comparison with the theories of the current century. In the perspective of ancient man; Narratives, stories and legends have been one of the most entertaining norms of human beings. Apart from the validity of the first narrations, the payment of narrations in the path of culture and civilization has had a significant application.Most of those narrations; Today, like metaphors, it is referential and has led to the creation of new stories and can be critiqued based on the tools of narrative, adaptation, balance and intertextuality.In this research extracted from the dissertation; In the framework of narratology and using comparative literature, the origin of ancient narration has been studied, which is somehow related to contemporary narration. Also The result of this research is the introduction of ancient Egyptian, Babylonian, Sumerian, Phoenician, Hebrew, Greek, Persian, Indian, Japanese and Chinese works.Eventually the results show that the ancient texts are among the structuralist works due to the nature of narrative and the use of narrative elements of structuralism and storytelling techniques. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - The Analysis of focus of Narration in Historical Novels of Gorgi Zeydan
asiye goudarzi nezhad Amirbano Karimi abdolhosaain FarzadThe term “focus of narration” that was used for the first time by Gerard Genette; The French Narratologists is a view that a writer or a narrator selects to concern it. It means that the considers the story from his or other point of view. A kind of narratio MoreThe term “focus of narration” that was used for the first time by Gerard Genette; The French Narratologists is a view that a writer or a narrator selects to concern it. It means that the considers the story from his or other point of view. A kind of narration that evaluates the focus of narration is called historical novel. This kind of novel reconstructs the history. This study analyses the focus of narration and the relation of narrator with the focalization in historical and romantic novels of Gorgi Zeydan. The result of this study indicated that he made use of different kinds of focus of narration in his historical novels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Examining the elements of text coherence in the Borzoonameh system of Shamsuddin Mohammad Kosaj based on the theory of Hallidi and Hassan
karam Alirezaei Seyed Farajollah Mousavi Alireza Salehi Shamsuddin Mohammad Kosaj, one of the poets of the 8th century, is the author of the old Borzoonameh. In this article, the elements of text coherence in the ancient Borzoonameh system have been investigated based on Halliday and Hassan's theory. The descriptive-an More Shamsuddin Mohammad Kosaj, one of the poets of the 8th century, is the author of the old Borzoonameh. In this article, the elements of text coherence in the ancient Borzoonameh system have been investigated based on Halliday and Hassan's theory. The descriptive-analytical research method and the research data were obtained through the use of library resources and note-taking. The scope and community under study is the ancient part of Borzoonameh, by "Shamsuddin Mohammad Kosaj" with correction and research by Akbar Nahawi. The first part of the poem is an epic story in every sense of the word, which was very well received and noticed by people in the past. But among Iranian researchers and orientalists, it was not known as it should and maybe, and there were more contradictory words about it than other epic poems. The old part of Borzoonameh book has been more successful among other poems written in imitation of Shahnameh, so that part of it has been included in a copy of Shahnameh since time immemorial. Simple and popular plot, fluent language and free of difficult to express and novel arrays, immediacy of story situations, epic and entertaining texture, etc. have caused this story to remain in people's thoughts more than other national and historical epics after the Shahnameh. to stay By examining the elements of text coherence in Borzoonameh, it is possible to consider Shamsuddin Mohammad Kosaj as one of the most beautiful composers of the 8th century following the epic poets of the past, and his success in reflecting their intellectual, linguistic and literary structure in his poems can be confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Narrative analysis of the parrot and merchant story in Masnavi based on the theory of time in the narrative of Gerard Genet
sara javid mozafari mandana alimi One of the new approaches taken from linguistics is narratology; it examines the techniques and structure of narratives and thus seeks out the grammar of the narrative. Narration and its application in Persian literature has not much history. One of the greatest More One of the new approaches taken from linguistics is narratology; it examines the techniques and structure of narratives and thus seeks out the grammar of the narrative. Narration and its application in Persian literature has not much history. One of the greatest storytellers of Persian literature is Rumi; in Mathnawi he used storytelling and narration to achieve his goals and express high concepts. His versatility in applying the precise principles of storytelling techniques and his aristocracy to a variety of storytelling techniques has made Mathnawi a living and enduring world-renowned work. One of these is how to use the element of time in the narrative. One of the scholars who has been discussing the timing of the narrative in recent decades is Gerard French Genet. The purpose of this study is to use the theory of time in the narrative of Genet in three topics: order, continuity and frequency, to analyze the narrative-theological narrative of the parrot and merchant in Mathnawi. The method of this study is analytical-descriptive with narrative approach; also the findings of this study show that Gennett's theory of Genet provides a good model for analyzing Mathnawi stories. Another achievement of this research is the benefit of new approaches to literary criticism and analysis and new knowledge, including narration in the study of classical texts such as Mathnawi. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Matching the narration of the common story of the dervish who adorned the slaves of Amid Khorasani in Harry from Masnavi and the mantek Al-Tair
Sorour kanebaigi Seyyed Mahmoud Seyed Sadeghi Shams Al-Hajiyeh Ahmadi roknabadi Narration is one of the most efficient and effective literary and educational methods. Great poets such as Rumi inherited very old cultural and literary traditions, and therefore their stories are rooted in history and the collective human subconscious. Storytelli More Narration is one of the most efficient and effective literary and educational methods. Great poets such as Rumi inherited very old cultural and literary traditions, and therefore their stories are rooted in history and the collective human subconscious. Storytelling has a unique and completely different place in the spiritual Masnavi. Masnavi is an educational work full of stories and anecdotes. This research, in a descriptive-analytical way and library method, seeks to apply the narrative of one of the stories of Masnavi and Al-Tair region entitled "The common story of the dervish who adorned Amid Khorasani's slaves in Masnavi and Al-Tair region". Since allegorical stories form a large part of Masnavi and the best method and technique of Rumi in inducing teachings is his special method of narration, by analyzing this story, we can explain how narration and the role of semantic association in Rumi's method of narration. That is, knowing the narrative style of the text helps us to get closer to the author's mentality, and by identifying the narrative style of Masnavi, we can answer the questions of what is the difference between choosing a particular method of narration in the story of Masnavi and giving meaning to the text or the story of the region. It creates and to what extent has Rumi been able to create new meanings due to the change in the way of narrating the story of Al-Tair region? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Structural analysis of the love story of Wameq and Ozra based on Todorov's narrative model
shekofa Yaghmaei mahmoud Sadeghzadeh hadi haidariniaAncient poets and writers always used anecdotes to spread their ideas. Ansari Balkhi, a poet of the fourth century AH, has turned the love story of Wameq and Azra into poetry. In this article, Todorov's structuralist method has been used to obtain an elementary poetic s MoreAncient poets and writers always used anecdotes to spread their ideas. Ansari Balkhi, a poet of the fourth century AH, has turned the love story of Wameq and Azra into poetry. In this article, Todorov's structuralist method has been used to obtain an elementary poetic style in Wameq and Ozra and to analyze this anecdote. One of the main components of a story critique in Todorov's narrative model is its development and one of the most functional factors influencing the systematic coherence of this network. The fundamental issue of this research is to study and analyze the extent and manner of using the element of progress in the structure of this story. In this regard, a brief overview of Todorov's narrative model based on the recognition of progress, as well as the analysis and study of this effective element in the design of the system of Wameq and Azra is the main body of the article. The method of work in this research is reading this anecdote and structural analysis of their design based on the mentioned model. The general results obtained show that based on the actions, propositions and logical trajectory of events, the plot and network of developments in this anecdote are designed in a simple and appropriate way to the character of the anecdotes. The classic enumerates that in which there are many repetitive "propositions", it is very rare for deconstruction to occur in its "sequences" and the causality of its "text" tends towards mythical narrations. Manuscript profile -
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67 - A study of the legal laws of Zoroastrian women in the first centuries AH,based on the text of the Pahlavi narrative
soheila kamjoo Zahra Hamedi Elham MalekzadehPahlavis narration is a text in Middle Persian with relatively extensive information from religious commentaries and the ritual of Zoroastrian religion is stated in it. The identity of the author and the exact date of writing the text are unknown. But given the specific MorePahlavis narration is a text in Middle Persian with relatively extensive information from religious commentaries and the ritual of Zoroastrian religion is stated in it. The identity of the author and the exact date of writing the text are unknown. But given the specific content and features of the text, it is almost certain that this writing dates back to the first centuries AH it has been written with the aim of explaining and protecting the teaching of Zoroastrianism. Based on the descriptive analytical method, the present study aims to investigate the situation of women in this Pahlavi text. And it seeks to answer the question of the legal status of Zoroastrian women in the first Islamic centuries according to the text of the Pahlavi narration, how wazs it?studies show that the achievements and legal independence of Sassnid women continue to be valid among Zoroastrian women in the first centuries AH,it was preserved and accepted in the context of womens family life they were not limited to their husbands.the research findings show that the author of the text to compel women to follow the code of the house with a relatively sharp tone in the form of jurisprudential religious injunctions, women have been assigned duties. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Historical study of assassination with emphasis on the views of Imam Khomeini
ghasem valizadehbarimanloo hamid hoseini ali hosein ehteshamiAssassination is one of the most important concepts in today's world. What has made the importance of assassination even more prominent is that the great powers are using it to achieve national interests, as well as to suppress right-wing struggles and tarnish Islam. To MoreAssassination is one of the most important concepts in today's world. What has made the importance of assassination even more prominent is that the great powers are using it to achieve national interests, as well as to suppress right-wing struggles and tarnish Islam. Today, these superpowers, who commit any crime to achieve their goals, accuse the holy religion of Islam and Muslims of assassination, and by distorting the facts, introduce Islam as a religion of terror and violence. In view of this, it is necessary to know the place of assassination from Imam Khomeini's point of view according to the verses and hadiths. The Qur'an and hadiths have ordered killing at the time of corruption on earth and war against God and His Messenger, but in none of the above cases, unlike assassination, is murder carried out in secret, without the permission of the Islamic ruler, and Unlike assassination, these actions restore public peace and security. Imam Khomeini's views on assassination are based on the Qur'an and hadiths. The results of the article show that in Imam Khomeini's thought, assassination (in the modern sense) is void according to the verses and hadiths that exist in this field. In his strategies, he denies any violence based on terror. Wherever Imam Khomeini has spoken about assassination, he has expressed his position with a completely negative view and with disgust and disgust Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Family structure in the Qur'an and hadith with emphasis on the parent-child relationship
Mohammad NasehiFamily sociologists have considered various concepts such as distribution of power, decision-making aspects, family roles, duties of members, etc. to analyze the structure of the family and define and explain its types and patterns. The present study, in the form of a d MoreFamily sociologists have considered various concepts such as distribution of power, decision-making aspects, family roles, duties of members, etc. to analyze the structure of the family and define and explain its types and patterns. The present study, in the form of a descriptive study and looking at the definitions and terms of family sociology knowledge, tries to describe and identify the family structure and its pattern by focusing on family roles and the corresponding rights and duties of the members, especially in the parent-child relationship. The study of the verses of the Holy Quran and the Hadiths of the Ahl al-Bayt (PBAH) in the earlier sources of narrations, relying on the views of earlier commentators such as Tusi and Tabrisi, defines a kind of "father-centered family" as opposed to the "Patriarchal family". Various issues such as alimony, guardianship, custody, consent, elder son status, retribution and punishment for slander, paternalism and patrilineality are important issues in the relationship between parents and children that the ruling system of each describes such a structure. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Priority of the leap of production in the sources of Imami jurisprudence
Ebrahim Mahmoodzadeh rahim vakilzade Reza RanjbarIn Islam economy, achieving a leap in production in all fields requires effective methods and strategies, which will not be possible without practical adherence to the principles of the Qur'an, tradition and the observance of priorities in production; Therefore, any ste MoreIn Islam economy, achieving a leap in production in all fields requires effective methods and strategies, which will not be possible without practical adherence to the principles of the Qur'an, tradition and the observance of priorities in production; Therefore, any step to improve the economic situation and the emergence of change and overtaking in it, compared to the past can be considered as steps towards excellence in production and improving the productivity of various sectors of society, public welfare and upgrading the system and the country. The purpose of this study is to extract the basics of production leap based on verses and hadiths and explain the criteria and use them to encourage producers to adhere to these principles and their practical application by economic planners, due to cultural support in society and their wide acceptance; Which can be a good guarantee for better success of programs. The research method in this study is descriptive-analytical based on collecting information from sources, valid documents, written opinions of jurists and thinkers. Research findings indicate that in the Holy Quran and hadiths, in addition to expressing the importance and emphasis on the basics and prioritization of productive activities, practical ways to accelerate the use of production factors and natural gifts, agriculture, industry and trade for Achieving the economic progress of individuals and communities, presented; And by encouraging observance of the findings, a leap in production in the economy can be achieved. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - Conflict of Custom with Verses and Jurisprudential Quotations and Solutions
fatemeh ghodratiThe intervention of perceiving custom in commands inference is a clear and definite issue; however, limit of this intervention in practice has always been a vague subject of jurisprudential arguments; especially when custom judgment comes into conflict in distinguishing MoreThe intervention of perceiving custom in commands inference is a clear and definite issue; however, limit of this intervention in practice has always been a vague subject of jurisprudential arguments; especially when custom judgment comes into conflict in distinguishing the concepts of the verses and quotations and the purpose of legislator on combining the verbal arguments with the initial wordings of verses and quotations; or when the decision of custom in conformity of concepts on the attributes, generalizing and restriction of the evidence context do not comply with the texts; in which case, the ambiguity has more manifestations. In this research that is made by an analytical-descriptive method in view of the definitions of Imamieh Jurisprudence in the range of application and practice of custom, eight cases of potential conflicts with jurisprudential verses and narrations have been identified. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Evaluating the Psychological Methods of Teaching Self-confidence in Stories of Iranian Children's Stories
Vahid Khodaei MajdSelf-confidence and high self-reliance are among the main factors of prosperity and growth in life, and psychotherapist suggest different methods to reinforce them using the stories in childhood. Therefore, this research aimed at recognizing and evaluating the psycholog MoreSelf-confidence and high self-reliance are among the main factors of prosperity and growth in life, and psychotherapist suggest different methods to reinforce them using the stories in childhood. Therefore, this research aimed at recognizing and evaluating the psychological methods of teaching self-confidence that are concealed in Iranian stories. The research is descriptive and library-based. To analyze the data, content-analysis was conducted. Considering the large population of the study, using purposeful sampling, 141 Iranian stories for B and C age groups that involve 7-11 years old children, were selected as study samples. To evaluate the selected stories, a researcher-made Matrix, which included the main methods of developing self-confidence, was used. Also, Milles and Huberman’s interpretive approach, which is one of the main scales of content analysis, was employed. At the same time, in order to determine the relation between the variables, Kay Skoer’s statistical test was used. The results show that different psychological methods are used in Iranian stories in order to develop self-confidence in children, among which we can refer to reinforcing positive thinking, self-steem, nourishing sympathy, nourishing creativity, helping self-identification and self-acceptance, reducing of humility sensation, and adjusting megalomania Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - Presenting a Pattern of Mind training based on Islamic Traditions
Maryam Setayeshfar Seyed Ahmad Hashemi Ali Asghar Mashinchi -
Open Access Article
74 - Muslims’ Narration of India (Case Study: the Story of Creation)
Mohsen Shahbakhti mostafa naseri rad Boshra delrish Javad SakhaOne of the topics posited in the early and middle Islamic centuries is the story of Adam’s descent in India. It can be possibly stated that the story of the first human being is a universal one. It has been dealt with by the Abrahamic religions ad it has also been MoreOne of the topics posited in the early and middle Islamic centuries is the story of Adam’s descent in India. It can be possibly stated that the story of the first human being is a universal one. It has been dealt with by the Abrahamic religions ad it has also been presented in the testaments and the holy Quran. Some believe that this story is unreal, imaginary and drawn on the other cultures and some others realize this commonality as a proof of its originality in the various cultures each of which has given it a vernacular form. There is a third group that approaches it through the lens of allegory and myth. The present study uses a descriptive-analytical method to specify and highlight the position of the Indian territory as the first land of the human beings as narrated by Muslims, especially the Iranian Muslim authors and analyze the actions and reactions of the Abrahamic religions and nations’ cultures over such world-inclusive subjects as the first human being and underline that such a story is not single-rooted and unidimensional and that various factors have played roles in its formation Manuscript profile -
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75 - Investigating and Explaining the Position of Khadijeh (s) in the Words of the Prophet (PBUH) and the narrations of Imams (PBUH(
Esmaeil Sakha amirteymour rafiei keyvan loloie sh.Hasan quorishiThis study aims to give a brief overview of the position of Khadijeh from the perspective of the Prophet and narrations, because she is one of the most prominent women of the time along with Maryam bint Imran, Asiya bint Mazahem, Pharaoh's wife, and her daughter Hazrat MoreThis study aims to give a brief overview of the position of Khadijeh from the perspective of the Prophet and narrations, because she is one of the most prominent women of the time along with Maryam bint Imran, Asiya bint Mazahem, Pharaoh's wife, and her daughter Hazrat Fatima. The daughter of Muhammad has been recognized and introduced as the master of women in this world and the hereafter. Therefore, in this article, we have tried to use the words of the Messenger of God and the narrations of the Imams to give a glimpse into the position and greatness of this lady that God Almighty praises the angels several times a day because of her. To be paid.This research includes several questions, how did the Messenger of God introduce Khadija in different cases? And how did the Imams of the Infallibles take pride in the existence of Khadijeh? The findings of this research, using the library method in an analytical-descriptive manner, refer to some narrations from the point of view of the Messenger of God and the Imams regarding the worldly and otherworldly status of Khadijeh. Or deals with their irrationality, in this article it is specified that according to the statements of the Prophet (PBUH) and the Infallibles, the position and position of Khadijeh is higher than all women and other wives of Muhammad and It has been more valuable. Because their economic, social and political contributions to the spread of Islam have remained throughout history Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - A study and adaptation of the story themes of Bahram and Golandam Aminuddin Safi and the Kurdish folk Beyt (Malhoon Divan)
Mehri Pakzad monieh mesgariThe story of Bahram and Glendam is one of those stories, which have different narratives. Among them, there is a narration written by Amin O-Din Safi, a classical poet of the 9th century, in 3049 couplets, and another recitation has been narrated from Kurdish folk liter MoreThe story of Bahram and Glendam is one of those stories, which have different narratives. Among them, there is a narration written by Amin O-Din Safi, a classical poet of the 9th century, in 3049 couplets, and another recitation has been narrated from Kurdish folk literature in the style of literacy from generation to generation. The subject of this research is two types of literary in two languages (Persian and Kurdish) with various themes in terms of storytelling. The origin of this story, like many ancient stories, is still not well understood. In the ninth century AH, poetry imitation of the Khamse-Nezami reached its peak and one of the reasons of the prosperity of storytellers was the interest of local rulers and sovereigns to hear lyrical stories, epics, legends, etc. in their spare time. This caused the poets to use the names of the characters of old stories with new processing and creativity to write another story with their own perception and sometimes with a weak structure, without any special source, just to elucidate the task and fill the leisure time of rulers and masters. Like the story of Amir Arsalan, which evokes a combination of the atmosphere of the stories in the listener's mind of One Thousand and One Nights, Shahnameh and the Demon, etc. Different themes arise due to the existence of different or similar storytellers and narratives. In this article, by examining and comparing the theme in the story of Bahram and Golandam, the main idea or the same theme and finally the message of the story and the author's view on the subject of the story become clear. The nature of the themes in both Persian and Kurdish narratives widens the field for comparing and examining the effect of the two narratives in question, and it opens new windows in recognizing the difficulty and coverage or weakness of the story. The field and library study method based on content analysis has formed the structure of the present study. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - Evidence of Preferring al-Kisāʼī’s Reading in Q: 66: 3 and its Role in Debunking the Interpretation of Quranic Verses
حسین خوشدل مفردThe commentators have disagreed on the meaning and reason for the revelation of the first verses of Surah Tahrīm, The narrations do not cause the revelation of the first verses of this surah in a way that eliminates this difference; Because in addition to the fragmentat MoreThe commentators have disagreed on the meaning and reason for the revelation of the first verses of Surah Tahrīm, The narrations do not cause the revelation of the first verses of this surah in a way that eliminates this difference; Because in addition to the fragmentation of votes and the existence of signs of forgery and distortion in most of them, he has not clearly interpreted this phrase. In this article, we have shown that the recitation of Kasāī, narrated by Abu Bakr ibn ‘Ayyāsh, paves the way for understanding and interpreting this part of the verse. The emphasis of the narrators of this recitation on the fact that it is the same recitation of Imam Ali (as) shows that it is cited by the Ahl al-Bayt. Therefore, this reading, both in terms of document and semantics and its conformity with the verse, is preferable to the common reading, and the authority of this reading, from accepting the narrations, causes the false revelation of the Sunnis that the secret of the Prophet was announced by Abu Bakr and Omar knows, as well as the Shiite narrations, which were probably forged in contrast to the Sunni narrations and introduces the secret and the head of the Prophet (PBUH) as the guardianship of Imam Ali (AS), and removes the ambiguity in the verse. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Distortion in the Narration of "Taqtuluhu al-Fi'ah al-Bāghiyah" (He will be killed by the rebel group) by Ṣahih al-Bukhāri
Jalal Rezayi Tiji seyed Mohsen MusaviThere are several motives for distorting the hadith in the religious sources of Sunni Muslims, and one of them is to eliminate the slips and mistakes of the companions of the Messenger of God (PBUH) and the disputes between them. In Ṣahih Bukhāri, there is a hadith in w MoreThere are several motives for distorting the hadith in the religious sources of Sunni Muslims, and one of them is to eliminate the slips and mistakes of the companions of the Messenger of God (PBUH) and the disputes between them. In Ṣahih Bukhāri, there is a hadith in which the Messenger of God (PBUH) uttered a sentence about ‘Ammār ibn Yāsir and prophesied his future with the phrase "Taqtuluhu al-Fi'atu al-Bāghiya" (He will be killed by a rebellious group) according to this prediction, ‘Ammār ibn Yāsir would be martyred by a rebellious group. This phrase does not appear in some printed versions of Ṣahih Bukhāri today. This article seeks to answer the questions that, first of all, whether the phrase in question existed in the text of the narration of Ṣahih Bukhāri from the very beginning or not? And secondly, is there a reason to prove the distortion of the phrase in some versions? According to the studies, this phrase was removed from the text of the hadith by Bukhāri, and later it was included in the text of the book in some versions. Manuscript profile -
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79 - Defending the Attributing the Book “Taṣḥīḥ al-I’tiqādāt” to Sheikh Mufīd
Amidreza AkbariIt has long been common to describe and critique the works of scholars of different sects, especially in theological subjects. However, some of these books have been lost or have not received much attention throughout the history of Islam. Sheikh Mufīd's book, “Ta MoreIt has long been common to describe and critique the works of scholars of different sects, especially in theological subjects. However, some of these books have been lost or have not received much attention throughout the history of Islam. Sheikh Mufīd's book, “Taṣḥīḥ al-I’tiqādāt”, which is a commentary on Ibn Bābiwayh’s al-I’tiqādāt, was less considered in the Middle Ages, and this, along with some of the opinions contained in this book, has caused some contemporaries to doubt the authenticity of the book and even make it unoriginal and faked which was made in the late period. In this study, by criticizing the documents of the deniers of the authenticity of the work, we have sought evidence that confirms the attribution of the book to Sheikh Mufīd. Among them, Ibn Shahr-e-Āshūb's repeated reports of a version of the Sheikh Mufīd's work; A version whose contents are mentioned as a commentary on Ibn Bābiwayh’s al-I’tiqādāt. Also evidence confirms that the book entitled Jawābāt Abi Ja’far al-Qumī wa al-Ra'd ‘alā Ibn Bābiwayh, which is mentioned by Najashi and Ibn Shahr Ash'ub, among the works of Sheikh Mufīd, is probably this book. This book is highly consistent with the works of Sheikh Mufīd in terms of sources, principles and literature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
80 - Methodology of Allāmah Sayyed Mortezā ‘Askari in the Historical Critique of Narrations
fatemeh kasraee Majid maaref Maliha al-Sadat Seyyed Reza DulabiContemporary thinker Sayyed Mortizā ‘Askari, realizing the dangerous harms that the forged hadiths have inflicted on Islam, tried to understand and purify the narrations in various fields such as Sira, Rijal, theology and Quranic sciences. Among the criteria which MoreContemporary thinker Sayyed Mortizā ‘Askari, realizing the dangerous harms that the forged hadiths have inflicted on Islam, tried to understand and purify the narrations in various fields such as Sira, Rijal, theology and Quranic sciences. Among the criteria which the contemporary hadith researchers determine for evaluating hadith authenticity, he benefited greatly from the element of reliable history. Through an analytical study of history and with a clear religious insight into the narrations, he revealed the truths that had been hidden from the eyes of many scholars and responded to many questions posed by orientalists and opponents. Reflecting on his works, it is obtained that his method was based on the isnad and content of hadiths. In his method of external criticism; discovering the degree of honesty and truth-seeking of the historian, restoring the narrator's credibility in addition to studying the chain of narrators, validating the book, were the elements which he considered, and in his way of internal critique; consolidation of the text, ensuring the accuracy of the narration, forming the family of the hadith, recognizing the meaning of the words in the narration and paying attention to the evolution of meanings and sectarian prejudices, were taken into account. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
81 - Evolution of Shiite Narrative Jurisprudence in the Second to Fourth Centuries AH; Backgrounds and Factors
Ali MehmanNavazImami hadith has experienced evolutions over time. The evolution of Imami thought from the period of Ahl al-Bayt and its transfer from Kufa to Baghdad and then Qom, has had various ups and downs. Hadith centers and the currents affecting each of the centers are among th MoreImami hadith has experienced evolutions over time. The evolution of Imami thought from the period of Ahl al-Bayt and its transfer from Kufa to Baghdad and then Qom, has had various ups and downs. Hadith centers and the currents affecting each of the centers are among the factors for creating different tendencies among the thinkers of the first centuries. In this regard, an attempt has been made to consider various hadith approaches of different centers which have resulted in the characteristics of each region, and to show its effects on the differences in jurisprudential attitudes. What is more, the prevailing currents in each of the centers have been able to affect the methods applied in narrating and understanding the hadith and, consequently, affected the diversity of jurisprudential opinions. Therefore, by observing the dominant currents in each region, the author has analyzed the connection of each current with the discourse derived from the hadith and narration schools of that era, and finally, its effects on jurisprudential positions have been investigated. Manuscript profile -
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82 - Isma'il ibn Abi Ziyad as-Sakuni, a Sunni judge or a secret companion of the Imam as-Sadiq?
Amidreza Akbari Mohammad Qandehariاسماعیل بن ابیزیاد سکونی در برخی منابع متقدم امامیه عامی دانسته شده است؛ اما فراوانیِ روایات او در منابع امامی، مضامین برخی از روایاتش و آشنایی اندک امامیه با او موجب شده تا از دوره مجلسی اول تا به امروز کسانی دیدگاه متقدم در مورد مذهب سکونی را رد کرده و او را امامی بش Moreاسماعیل بن ابیزیاد سکونی در برخی منابع متقدم امامیه عامی دانسته شده است؛ اما فراوانیِ روایات او در منابع امامی، مضامین برخی از روایاتش و آشنایی اندک امامیه با او موجب شده تا از دوره مجلسی اول تا به امروز کسانی دیدگاه متقدم در مورد مذهب سکونی را رد کرده و او را امامی بشمرند. این مقاله به آسیبشناسی این تحلیلها پرداخته و نشان داده برخی از روایات سکونی که به خاطر نوع خطاب امام با راوی پیشتر شاهد امامی بودن سکونی تلقی میشدند، روایاتی هستند که سکونی یا راویان او آنها را از دفاتر دیگران گرفتهاند، و گاه از اساس نسبت آنها به سکونی نیز اشکالاتی دارد. ارتباط سکونی با امام صادق ع نیز دلیل روشنی ندارد. همچنین سکونی روایات زیادی با مضامین عامی و خلاف اعتقاد امامیه دارد؛ مانند اخبار همسو با فقه جریانهای حاشیهای عامه و حتی مناقب خلفا. جمعی از راویان عامه نیز از سکونی آثاری مانند تفسیر سکونی را روایت کردهاند، که فضایی عامی دارد. Manuscript profile -
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83 - Examining Mullā Ṣadrá's View of the Previous Worlds as a Turning Point in the Historical Evolution of Theories and its Comparative Comparison with Shiite Narrations
Ali Abbasabadi Ali AllahBedashti Ahmad Abedi AraniOne of the important theories that has been expressed about the pre-worldly worlds for the creation of man is the theory of Ṣadr al-Mutaʾallehīn, which is an important turning point and a great innovation in the historical evolution of theories. By accepting the princip MoreOne of the important theories that has been expressed about the pre-worldly worlds for the creation of man is the theory of Ṣadr al-Mutaʾallehīn, which is an important turning point and a great innovation in the historical evolution of theories. By accepting the principle of the previous creation of man, he returns it to the independent intellectual identities which, in a pre-material world, were extracted from their rational causes and confessed to the Lordship of God in the present language. On the other hand, referring to more than 130 authentic narrations received from the Shiite Imams (as) about the previous worlds, shows that at least three positions of the spirit world, the world of the first particle and the world of the second particle can be traced and observed in the narrations with full intensity and appearance, which refers to the presence of human beings in these situations and their confessions. Ṣadr al-Mutaʾallehin's theory can to a large extent explain the narrations of this chapter based on the structure of transcendent wisdom; But it is felt that it has shortcomings in both directions and it cannot be considered completely consistent with the system used in the narrations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Historical trend of Interpretative Thoughts of »Alāst verses«: A Critical Reviewing and Innovating
Seyyed hossein KarimpourThe study of mysterious contents of Alāst verses (Arāf «i.e. The Heights»: 172 -174) has long been considered by scholars of hadith, Interpreters, and muslim thinkers. looking at the views expressed on "Alāst" in the history of Islamic thought, reflects MoreThe study of mysterious contents of Alāst verses (Arāf «i.e. The Heights»: 172 -174) has long been considered by scholars of hadith, Interpreters, and muslim thinkers. looking at the views expressed on "Alāst" in the history of Islamic thought, reflects a continuous effort to provide new thoughts in the interpretation of these verses, an interpretation that is persuasive, and reflects the intricate and ambiguous aspects of the Verse while compatible with the appearances of verses and religious principles. The present article, by applying a descriptive-analytic method, has developed a new theory after originating the views and evaluating the interpretive thoughts of the Alāst verses.The result of the research has led to this meaning that the difference in commentators` opinions, more than arising from complexity of the contents of verses, is influenced by extreme attention to narratives, neglection of the damage of exaggeration and Isrâelites. Also the present study is being more reflected on the words, combinations, and style of the verses further emphasizes that the contents of Alāst verses, not only is a common covenant for all human beings, but also is a special event for those who were so pernickety and dissenter. Manuscript profile -
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85 - The role of experimental test in checking the authenticity of some hadiths and traditions
kazem ostadiReligious teachings include many "news" and "conditional news" sentences that promise "results" or "punishments" to believers or non-believers. Since the lack of practical results of the truth of these punishments can be effective in the daily lives of Muslims and even MoreReligious teachings include many "news" and "conditional news" sentences that promise "results" or "punishments" to believers or non-believers. Since the lack of practical results of the truth of these punishments can be effective in the daily lives of Muslims and even non-Muslims and cause the strengthening or weakening of the foundations of religious beliefs or the promotion and condemnation of religion, it is necessary to remove these teachings from It was evaluated in every possible way. If religious propositions can be experienced, they can and even should be experienced, and if they are not true in the experimental test, the truth of that proposition can be disproved based on experience. Therefore, experience can prove or disprove some religious propositions (at least on a case-by-case basis and by accepting general rules); And remove religious teachings from myths and superstitions. It seems that this new way (i.e. experimental test), apart from the theoretical investigations of hadiths and hadiths, is a suitable tool for the practical examination of the authenticity of hadiths and hadiths Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Self-Evaluation from the Perspective of Verses and Hadiths
Abbas ali rostamisaniSelf-evaluation is the process of self-awareness and the design of creating and maintaining behaviors which can certainly lead a person to human growth and perfection because he knows the harm and solutions to himself better than others because he has a knowledge of him MoreSelf-evaluation is the process of self-awareness and the design of creating and maintaining behaviors which can certainly lead a person to human growth and perfection because he knows the harm and solutions to himself better than others because he has a knowledge of himself, self-evaluation is a type of self-control that does not require money, it does not require the police. Without installing binoculars, the existence of his conscience and inner beliefs is his guiding light. The purpose of this research is self-knowledge and the investigation of methods to achieve the happiness of worldly and otherworldly human development. After discussing the self-evaluation from the point of view of Islam, this research has also focused on its functions and considered it the best sample for securing individual happiness and human society. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - The Time Factor in the Novel "Wandering Island"
shamsolhajiyeh ardalaniNarration is about studying different methods of writing and analysis of literature. Because of Daneshvar’s in-depth knowledge of narration,showing aspects of her narrative style was the purpose of the present study. Time in "Wandering Island", based on extracted MoreNarration is about studying different methods of writing and analysis of literature. Because of Daneshvar’s in-depth knowledge of narration,showing aspects of her narrative style was the purpose of the present study. Time in "Wandering Island", based on extracted indications, has been assessed with analytical and descriptive methods to realize and understanding the bottom layers of the "Wandering Island" novel. Among kinds of narration, time factor in "wandering island" is the primary factor and different layers of timing are joined together that creates complexity of narration. The dominant aspect (dimension) of narration in this novel is a flashback technique, and sometimes forward orientationform of predicting the events to increase the suspension function and attract addresser of the narration in the novel. In "wandering Island" there are many kinds of time that are mixed together. First of them is referred to the main events of the novel. The events at this time consist of ten months.Daneshvar represented the purpose and concept of her thought with those historical events. The singular frequency constitutes the dominant aspect of the narration. Manuscript profile -
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88 - Narrative grammar in the story of Dej Bahman based on the theory of Algirdas Grimas
Mahboobeh Zamani Boroojeni asghar RezapoorianNarrative research is one of the methods of literary criticism that researchers in the field of literature have been busy with. One of the methods of analyzing narrative texts is Grimas' narrative theory entitled "narrative grammar". By using this narrative pattern, it MoreNarrative research is one of the methods of literary criticism that researchers in the field of literature have been busy with. One of the methods of analyzing narrative texts is Grimas' narrative theory entitled "narrative grammar". By using this narrative pattern, it is possible to analyze the types of stories and measure the compatibility or non-compatibility of the stories with Grimas's narrative theory and find the elements in the text. The story of Bahman fortress is one of the magical stories of Shahnameh. In this article, which is taken from the author's doctorate thesis entitled "narrative grammar in the magical stories of the Shahnameh based on the theory of Algirdas Grimas", the researcher intends to criticize this story based on the narrative theory of Algirdas Grimas with the help of the findings of the said thesis. Measure the grimace with it. Manuscript profile -
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89 - Examining and Critic of the narrative element of suspension in three novels by Fariba Wafi (My bird, the dream of Tibet and Tarlan)
Mohammad Isazadeh Hajiagha Arash Moshfeghi Aziz Hojaji KohjooghThe Suspense in the story is a quality that the author creates for the events that are taking place in the story to create passion and motivation in the reader to read the story. The present article tries to examine this element of story in a descriptive-analytical way MoreThe Suspense in the story is a quality that the author creates for the events that are taking place in the story to create passion and motivation in the reader to read the story. The present article tries to examine this element of story in a descriptive-analytical way in three novels by this author (namely, My Bird, the Dream of Tibet and Tarlan). These novels do not have a strong suspense element and the reason for this is the author's greater attention to characterization and representation of the identity of fictional characters. This does not mean that this element is missing in the mentioned novels. Rather, the author uses some tools to create this element and compensate for its weakness, one of which is the inclusion of parallel narratives throughout the novel. Manuscript profile -
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90 - .Study of Narration Speed in “the Sound and the Fury”
Dr. Darreh Dadjou Elham Shirvani ShaenayatiWilliam Faulkner is a modernist writer who mainly influenced on Iranian authors including Symphony of Dead Persons, by Abbas Maroufi. In this essay, we analyze the speed of narration in “the Sound and the Fury” by relying on Gerard Genette’s narrative MoreWilliam Faulkner is a modernist writer who mainly influenced on Iranian authors including Symphony of Dead Persons, by Abbas Maroufi. In this essay, we analyze the speed of narration in “the Sound and the Fury” by relying on Gerard Genette’s narrative discourse theory and its effective factors. Speed and rhythm of narration is a very important element in narration and one of the most important parameters in plot. Narration speed is analyzed for the reason that it shows the period of time the actions and events happen in a literary work and the volume of book they have occupied in evaluation with this period. In many sections of novel “the Sound and the Fury”, acceleration is negative and speed of narration slow; but total narration speed to the whole of novel is middle; because parameters of increasing or decreasing speed of narration were used in a balanced form in this novel, which caused the balanced speed in the whole of novel. The author used some techniques for compensation of narration slowness in different parts of novel in order to increase the stimulation; as a result, this novel is full of excitement, dynamics, movement, fear and unrest, internal and external challenges in spite of the slow speed of narration. In other words, this rhythmic novel has a slow rhythm and fast tempo. Therefore, this essay analyzes the speed of narration and its effective factors, as well as the author’s techniques for increasing narration movement and dynamics in an analytical form. Manuscript profile -
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91 - An Analytical study of Narration Tempo in Gharibe dar Shahr by Gholam-Hossein Saedi Based Gerard Genette’s Narratology
Seddigheh Kobra Sadaghiani Hamidreza Farzi Naser Dashtpeyma An effective element of narration structure is “time”. In most of the cases, narration time is against the real time. A narrative discourse is characterized by the tim More An effective element of narration structure is “time”. In most of the cases, narration time is against the real time. A narrative discourse is characterized by the time as a principle and typical representation of events of the story. Gerard Genette, the French structuralist theorist, provides the most comprehensive discussions about time components and the effective factors on narration tempo. Accordingly, the current study applied Genette’s theory to study the concept of time and the factors effective on acceleration or deacceleration of tempo narration in Saedi’s Gharibe dar Shahr adopting a descriptive-analytical approach. Results indicated that the volume of text against the time of event, and the use of more deaccelerating elements in narration in different parts of Gharibe dar Shahr resulted in a negative acceleration of the story and slowed its tempo. Manuscript profile -
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92 - The act of ending in the story with a didactic literature approach
Ali Mohammadi arezo BaharvandGenerally speaking, the narrative action of a story is determined through two states of beginning and ending. Although these two elements play important roles in the subjects of modern writing story, in articles and speeches related to farsi writing story nearly no atte MoreGenerally speaking, the narrative action of a story is determined through two states of beginning and ending. Although these two elements play important roles in the subjects of modern writing story, in articles and speeches related to farsi writing story nearly no attention has been paid to them. In Farsi writing story we see too much negligence concerning story enduing in comparison to story beginning. The act of ending in different fields of arts ranging from cinema music, painting, and archetecture to story and poetry have been the center of attention for an artist. However, in the field of the theories of criticism the term of ending isn't an old one. In farsi speeches and articles specially in the field of story and narration you won't find any independence article about ending. However, among global articles especially in the field of literature the subject of ending is among the frequently used ones in literary criticism. Many prose and verse masterpieces of farsi literature have didactic aspects that is, the main aim of story teller is to express the result, therefore there is a logical relation between the story and the result taken from it. In the present article, the envestigation of ending in the classic narration (story, anecdot fable) and modern story and its relationship with the story plot have been examined. The attempt in this article is to investigate the historical course of this element and its semantic evolution from critics' point of view. Manuscript profile -
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93 - Explaining the effects of loving the Ahl al-Bayt (as) on individual and social lifestyles from the perspective of the Qur'an and hadiths
Mahdi Alimohammadi Kamal Khajehpoor Seyed Hamid ShamriziLoving the Ahl al-Bayt (pbuh) as the highest human beings is one of our religious necessities and the reward of the Prophet's (pbuh) mission, with love and kindness towards those nobles and following their orders, the happiness and salvation of humans will be guaranteed MoreLoving the Ahl al-Bayt (pbuh) as the highest human beings is one of our religious necessities and the reward of the Prophet's (pbuh) mission, with love and kindness towards those nobles and following their orders, the happiness and salvation of humans will be guaranteed. became. In the light of the love of Ahl al-Bayt (AS) and applying their beautiful words, we will have a society full of security, peace and tranquility, kindness along with social justice and spirituality. Based on the verses and traditions of the religious guidance of people, faith, salvation and salvation are tied with love for the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them). Love for Ahl al-Bayt (A.S.) can create practical results in the lifestyle of people in society, which, based on their vision and character in families, has a special role in reducing social harm. The purpose of the present research is to explain the effects of love for the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them) in the individual and social lifestyle from the perspective of the Qur'an and hadiths.In this research, in a descriptive-analytical way, first by examining the verses and traditions related to the love of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them), we extract common topics that are effective in the lifestyle, and then we analyze the data and draw the conclusions of those topics.Keywords: love for Ahl al-Bayt, Quran and hadiths, lifestyle Manuscript profile -
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94 - The main methods of "strategic influence" of the enemy in the religious system From the perspective of Quranic teachings - narration
Mahdi Gorji Azandariani Maryam Haji Abd Al-Baqi Mahdi Eizadi Muhammad Hadi HomayunThe historical conflict between the right front and the wrong front has been formed since the beginning of human presence. On the one hand, the "divine religion" and on the other hand, the false front, from the system of Satan to the long line of hypocrites, infidels, p MoreThe historical conflict between the right front and the wrong front has been formed since the beginning of human presence. On the one hand, the "divine religion" and on the other hand, the false front, from the system of Satan to the long line of hypocrites, infidels, polytheists, the system of domination, and so on. Although the tools and methods of the enemy have changed in historical periods, its purpose and content have always been the same: the dismantling of the right front in every individual and social form. "Strategic influence" is one of the most important soft threats against the rule of law and the religious system. The present study - which helps the view of updating and functionalizing religious knowledge - identifies the main methods of "strategic influence" of the enemy in the religious system from the perspective of Quranic teachings - narrative. The research is descriptive-analytical in the form of "library method" and based on "ijtihad interpretation" with the tendency of "thematic interpretation" which tries to identify methods, for them comparative equation, Analyze content and conceptualize. Research shows that the enemies in the process of "strategic influence", which is mainly based on cognitive-perceptual warfare, dimensions of vision, attitude, motivation, secretarial and action of the religious system at different levels of structure, leadership, rulers, elites and people. The result of the research indicates that based on the teachings of the Qur'an-narration, the enemies in the direction of "strategic influence" in various and complex ways such as "probable"; "Completion"; "Protection"; "Istehwaz"; "Question"; "Humanity"; "Misguidance"; "Seduction"; "Induction"; "Fright"; "Distortion"; "Decoration"; "Dominance"; "Delivery"; «تضلیل»; "Bribery"; "Development"; "Threat"; "Deception"; "Kid"; "Copper"; "Nazgh"; "Revelation"; "Temptation" and ... use that depending on the conditions, requirements and the target community, sometimes case tactics and in many cases combined methods are used. It is clear that the result of such an attack will be "strategic deception" and "transformation of the religious system from within." Manuscript profile -
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95 - Ibrahim Adham Repentance: One Anecdote and Eight Narrations
Gholamrezā Hātefi Majoomard Amir Hosein Hemati Asqar RezāpouriyānEmploying stories and anecdotes to express spiritual teachings and illustrating deep mystical concepts have long been practiced by the Persian-speaking poets and writers. In the meantime, sometimes we encounter stories that due to their structural and conceptual capacit MoreEmploying stories and anecdotes to express spiritual teachings and illustrating deep mystical concepts have long been practiced by the Persian-speaking poets and writers. In the meantime, sometimes we encounter stories that due to their structural and conceptual capacities, different narrations are presented about them. The story of Ibrahim Adham Repentance is one of them. Most of the mystical sources have pointed to his repentance. Mostamli Bokhari, Abul-Ghāsem Ghushairi, Hujwiri, Khwaja Abdullah Ansari, Attār of Nishapur, Jalāl ad-Dīn Rūmī and Kamal al-Din Hosein Ghazorghahi are the famous writers who have discussed the story. In the present article, the attempt is made to compare these narrations by using descriptive and analytic method. Based on fictional elements, the differences and similarities of eight narrations have been considered. The results show that in the narration of Attār of Nishapur actions are more than others; scenery is only seen in Attār's version, and in Tazkirat-al-Auliyā characterization is more prominent than otherseven narrations. Furthermore, Attār and Ghushairi emphasize dramatization of their own narrations while using proper dialogues and appropriate characters and situations. Manuscript profile -
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96 - Gerard Genette’s theory and the study of temporality in Mohammadi novels
sara abdoli Alieh Yousef Fam Shervin KhamsehOne of the special features of oral narratives is the element of "time" as the most basic characteristic factor that represents it, i.e. "language" and what is revealed, i.e. "story". ", is studied in the narrative text. In this research, according to the approach of "G MoreOne of the special features of oral narratives is the element of "time" as the most basic characteristic factor that represents it, i.e. "language" and what is revealed, i.e. "story". ", is studied in the narrative text. In this research, according to the approach of "Gérard Genette", who presents his theory in the three axes of order, continuity and frequency, the category of "time in the narrative" with descriptive-analytical method in the three novels of "Mohammed Hossein Mohammadi" ", the Afghan and immigrant writer was investigated. Since the time of narration is of special importance in Mohammadi's stories, which are written in a realistic style, "Mohammadi" tried to apply this narrative method in his narrative statements in all his works. Based on the timing, he narrated his stories with negative acceleration. Novels in which the narrator or in other words the main character of the story are women, have a negative momentum. The tense and hindsight are seen with the same frequency in male and female narrators. Manuscript profile -
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97 - A study of time element in novels of Mohammad Rahim Okhovvat based on views of Gennet
Vida vafaee Manijeh EghbaliOne of the major issues in the theory of structuralism dealt with the relationship between language, narration and the manifestation of "time" in the narration. Amongst the narratologists, Gérard Gennet has been suggested the most comprehensive discussion of the MoreOne of the major issues in the theory of structuralism dealt with the relationship between language, narration and the manifestation of "time" in the narration. Amongst the narratologists, Gérard Gennet has been suggested the most comprehensive discussion of the components of time, as "Anachronism" between the story and the text that the temporal connection between them consist of three types: 1-discipline, 2. Continuity and 3. Frequency. This paper aims to analyze through the collected Stories of "Mohammad Rahim Okhovvat" including: "The problem Mr. understanding", "Not to be", "Names and shadows", "84 stories ","Watching "," The autumn "," Borderless of the borderless "," The spring ","The sun" and "doom or seven labors of life", from the viewpoint of "Time", based on the theories of the "Gérard Gennet". A comparative study of the above works has been mentioned by the most concerning on the "time" with the views "of Gerard Gennet". As a result, the works "Mohammad Rahim Okhovvat" are mainly made of “scattered stories" or "pseudo-memories" rather than "novels". These stories have a reporting structure species and the least amount of complexity relating to time, place, and narration. The same subject, makes difficult matching the Gerard Gennet's theory and the views of "narration" particularly in the field of "Anachronism" in his works. In terms of "Time", the narrations of "Mohammad Rahim Okhovvat" are provided mainly from linear form, gestures or actions taken consecutive manner further to narrative complexity (in terms of Anachronism). Manuscript profile -
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98 - Reflection on the reasons for maintaining the Islamic system with an approach to narrations
ali rashidi mohammad jafari harandi Ahmad Rezvani MofradObjective: One of the important issues in Islamic jurisprudence as well as in political issues is the discussion of "preserving the Islamic system". The importance of this issue is that many political behaviors and decisions are based on it. There are several reasons fo MoreObjective: One of the important issues in Islamic jurisprudence as well as in political issues is the discussion of "preserving the Islamic system". The importance of this issue is that many political behaviors and decisions are based on it. There are several reasons for the need to maintain order, the most important of which are numerous narrations that have been narrated from the infallibles (peace be upon them) which have also been cited by jurists. In this article, we will review and review these citations, whether the citations to the hadiths about the need to preserve the Islamic system have been made correctly? Research Methodology: The present study uses the library collection method and descriptive-analytical research method to critique the narratives in terms of citation and reasoning. Findings: Regarding the necessity of preserving the Islamic system, several hadiths have been cited to prove the necessity of preserving the Islamic system, some of which lack the necessary argument and logic to prove the said ruling. Conclusion: In this study, these hadiths have been identified and criticized, and other authentic hadiths have been counted and examined, and more logical arguments and arguments have been presented to strengthen the related hadiths, and this proves that the Islamic government was obligatory. And its realization can have valuable fruits in the world of politics, including acceptance and political stability for the Islamic government. Manuscript profile -
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99 - A reflection on the reasons for maintaining the Islamic system with an approach to the narrations of the Imams (as)
ali rashidi mohammad jafari harandiObjective: One of the important issues in Islamic jurisprudence as well as in political issues is the discussion of "preserving the Islamic system". The importance of this issue is that many political behaviors and decisions are based on it. Numerous reasons have been p MoreObjective: One of the important issues in Islamic jurisprudence as well as in political issues is the discussion of "preserving the Islamic system". The importance of this issue is that many political behaviors and decisions are based on it. Numerous reasons have been presented regarding the necessity of maintaining order, the most important of which are numerous narrations that have been narrated from the infallibles (peace be upon them) and have also been cited by jurists. In this article, we will review and review these citations and answer the question whether the citations to the hadiths about the need to preserve the Islamic system have been made correctly?Methodology: The present study uses a descriptive-analytical research method to critique the narrations in terms of citation and reasoning. Findings: Regarding the necessity of preserving the Islamic system, several hadiths have been cited to prove the necessity of preserving the Islamic system, some of which lack the necessary argument and logic to prove the said ruling. Conclusion: In this study, these hadiths have been identified and criticized, and other authentic hadiths have been counted and examined, and more logical arguments and arguments have been presented to strengthen the related hadiths, and this proves that maintaining the Islamic system is obligatory. And its realization can have valuable fruits such as acceptance and political stability for the Islamic government in the world of politics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Analyzing the Fictional Devices in " The Yousef and Zolaykha " of Jaami
Barat MohammadiAbstract The original story of Yousef and Zolaykha is a real event which has been reflected in the Holy Qur'an and other divine books. However, in Persian literature, with the imagination of the narrators and poets it has been MoreAbstract The original story of Yousef and Zolaykha is a real event which has been reflected in the Holy Qur'an and other divine books. However, in Persian literature, with the imagination of the narrators and poets it has been extended and highlighted and offered according their own mentality. Jaami has illustrated this in the most melodic and exquisite way and focused on Zolaykha for her axial role in the fiction. By describing and implementing the devices, Jaami has added specific manifestations to it and created the necessary attraction and movement. Therefore, it is better to study the skills used in it to illuminate its events and interactions and discover its hidden beauty. To attain this it was essential to investigate its plot, title, theme, tone, settlement, scene, narrator, perspectives, and characterization. The findings indicate that the events of the story proceed harmonically and reaches its logical climax; and the device of characterization and creating the scene is of Jaami's special interest. Manuscript profile -
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101 - Analysis of a verse from Rostam and Sohrab based on the Minstrels’ narration and Kurdish Shahnameh
Jalil Ahangar nezhad Ali heidaryAbstract The story of Rostam and Sohrab is one of the most famous epic tales in the world. Despite its beauty and literary and artistic value, it is not exempt from some flaws in narrating the story. These flaws whether originated from Ferdowsi’s sourc MoreAbstract The story of Rostam and Sohrab is one of the most famous epic tales in the world. Despite its beauty and literary and artistic value, it is not exempt from some flaws in narrating the story. These flaws whether originated from Ferdowsi’s sources, Ferdowsi himself and Shahnameh editors are not very significant. This article deals mainly with the manner in which Sohrab addresses his mother Tahmineh about his origin. Spontaneously and furiously Sohrab questions his mother about his father’s name and ruthlessly threatens to kill her if she fails to provide an answer. In different editions of Shahnameh, there is not a justified and acceptable answer to this question, however in minstrels’ narration and also in Kurdish Shahnameh the main reason for raising the question with such rage is well accounted for. The extraordinary might of Sohrab among the boys of his age and the fact that Sohrab is the fruit of the union between Rostam and Tahmineh outside the customary wedlock prompts his comrades to question his lineage and regard him as illegitimate child. Sohrab’s fury of such insult explains why he questions his mother about the secret of his birth with such rage and menace. Keywords Rostam, Sohrab, Ferdowsi, Minstrels’ narration, Kurdish Shahnameh. Manuscript profile -
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102 - Structural consistencies and inconsistencies in Mowlana’s lyrical Ghazals
Ali Asqar ArjeeMowlana’s ghazal is at such heights that one cannot find anything like it neither before nor after his time. A structured poem, made rich in vertical arrangement, achieved unity and coherence through use of narration, allegory, and metaphor. However, t MoreMowlana’s ghazal is at such heights that one cannot find anything like it neither before nor after his time. A structured poem, made rich in vertical arrangement, achieved unity and coherence through use of narration, allegory, and metaphor. However, the strength of Mowlana’s ghazal lies in music. Despite having unity of meaning and rhythm, imaginative colorful themes a kind of inconsistency is found underlying its texture. This article attempts to cast light on those instances. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Narration in Stendhal’s tales
Mohammad Nayyerivand Shaqayeq Haji Seyyed TaqiaIn narrating a tale, the following questions such as who the author is, whether he differs from the narrator, what the angle of vision is, the author’s viewpoint and other issues like these are of prime importance for the technical success of the story, its unders MoreIn narrating a tale, the following questions such as who the author is, whether he differs from the narrator, what the angle of vision is, the author’s viewpoint and other issues like these are of prime importance for the technical success of the story, its understanding and its perpetual connection to the overall meaning of the story. Stendhal is one of the greatest writers of the 19th century in the French literature whose fame is for his specific manner of narration in writing successful novels. The purpose of this article is to provide reasons for the popularity of his stories, to discuss and analyze different perspectives in narrating a story, to compare his works with those of Balzac, another genius in writing novels and finally to study and distinguish Stendhal as a writer of the story and as a narrator inside his narrative using the new science of narratology Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Characters and techniques of characterization of Saadi in Golestan
Roghieh ShanbeiSince antiquity people were attracted to tales and stories. From the simplest form to the most complicated novels of today, people were fascinated by the characters, and heroes, to witness life and come into contact with different modes of life and learn lessons from th MoreSince antiquity people were attracted to tales and stories. From the simplest form to the most complicated novels of today, people were fascinated by the characters, and heroes, to witness life and come into contact with different modes of life and learn lessons from them. In fact stories as much as history played a significant role in peoples’ upbringing and education. In some instances even more than history since the worlds depicted in stories and the knowledge gained in pursuing the fate of its heroes could not be contained in history. People are mostly fascinated by the actions of the characters since they could easily identify themselves with them. The more real the characters, the more they appealed to the reader. Irrespective of the fact whether the characters were active or passive, and what the angle of vision was in the story because it was related to peoples’ lives and experiences they were attractive. Therefore the most attractive stories among people were those that had the best character and theme and the best characters where those who took form from the society and its events. Looking at Golestan from this angle, that is the manner in which Saadi uses techniques of characterization to create characters consistent in their behavior, motivated in their action and are plausible or lifelike leads us to another characteristic of this masterpiece which renders it forever eternal and delightful. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
105 - Beginning of Im§m AlÊ (PBUH) Caliphate: Retrieving and Authentication of Al-Ya’qåbÊ’s Narrations
Somayeh Amin Roaya JazehTarikh Al-Ya’qubi, written by Ahmad ibn Abi Ya’qub (d. 284 AH), is one of the general histories that has been compiled in a combined method; that is it presents a whole coherent account of a historical event by removing the chain of narrator as well as integrating sever MoreTarikh Al-Ya’qubi, written by Ahmad ibn Abi Ya’qub (d. 284 AH), is one of the general histories that has been compiled in a combined method; that is it presents a whole coherent account of a historical event by removing the chain of narrator as well as integrating several records of a same event. There are some factors in Tarikh Al-Ya’qubi that make it necessary to retrieve its resources as well as authentication of its narrations: the removal of the chain of narrator, the inconsistency of some reports with the accounts of other well-known contemporary resources (Al-Tabaqat Al-Kubra by Ibn-Sa’d, Tarikh Khalifa Khayyat Ibn Qutaybah’s, Al-Imamah Wa al Siyasah, etc) as well as subsequent authentic (Al- Fotuh Ibn- A’tham, Al-Isti’ab by Ibn Abd Al-Barr, Sharh Nahj Al- Balaghah by Ibn Abi Al-Hadid, etc) and specifically including unheard and Shiite narrations. The main questions of this research include: What are the sources of Tarikh Al-Ya’qubi? Are they sufficiently credible? And most importantly, what was Al-Ya’qubi’s criteria in authenticating the narrations? According to the research findings, although Al-Ya’qubi’s accounts on The year, month and day of Uthman, The first to pledge allegiance (Talha), etc are valid and in line with other sources, his history -influenced by his Shiite attitudes or other unknown factors- sometimes includes different and rare accounts as allegiance of all people by Ali except three people Quraysh, The role of five representatives of Ansar in allegiance by Ali, etc, the resource of which is not known. Manuscript profile
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