Geographic information system

Open Access Article

1 - Zoning of Earthquake Risk Zones in Kermanshah County Using FAHP Model
maryam bayatikhatibi Yosef Amiriyan

Earthquake is one of the natural disasters on earth that causes a lot of economic and human losses every year. Although this natural hazard cannot be predicted with current science, use of technology and technological progress, makes it possible to plan properly to redu More

Earthquake is one of the natural disasters on earth that causes a lot of economic and human losses every year. Although this natural hazard cannot be predicted with current science, use of technology and technological progress, makes it possible to plan properly to reduce damages. These measures are the result of recognizing and examining the potential areas of the earth where there is a possibility of earthquake risk, and by taking advantage of it and analyzing them, the necessary preparation for earthquake prevention or control can be obtained. In this purpose, the geographic information system plays a significant role in the integration of related maps. In this research, the impact of various factors on the occurrence of earthquakes and the zoning of earthquake risk in Kermanshah county has been investigated. In order to achieve this, the fuzzy hierarchical analysis method was used to obtain the weight of each of the studied criteria and the degree of their impact, and by obtaining the small values of the weight of each criterion, a fuzzy weight map of the criteria was prepared and finally a risk map. The acceptability of different areas of Kermanshah county has been obtained. The results show that 15.6% of Kermanshah county is at risk of earthquake with "high" degree and 16.7% with "very high" degree. Also, 18.2 percent of the villages in Kermanshah county are at risk of earthquake with "very high" degree and 17.7 percent with "high" degree, and in the urban area of Kermanshah, the risk of earthquake with "very high" degree is equal to 6.3%. And it covers 18.1% of the area of Kermanshah city with "high" grade. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Management and disposal of surface runoff using geographic information system and fuzzy method (Case study: Bandar Imam Khomeini)
Shahab Mosavi رامین ارفع نیا Ghasem Khosravi

The purpose of building surface water collection networks is to enhance the resilience of cities against unexpected events such as floods and to improve overall urban health. Recent rainfalls in Bandar Imam Khomeini have exposed vulnerabilities, leading to severe floodi More

The purpose of building surface water collection networks is to enhance the resilience of cities against unexpected events such as floods and to improve overall urban health. Recent rainfalls in Bandar Imam Khomeini have exposed vulnerabilities, leading to severe flooding in roads and streets due to the absence of canals and surface drainage systems. The problem has caused significant damage to the infrastructure of the region. The research aims to implement a runoff management system using the Geographic Information System in Bandar Imam Khomeini. For this purpose, digital layers of the area, including elevation, slope, direction of slope, and drainage network of the city were prepared using the Geographic Information System. The fuzzy logic method was then employed to identify areas with the potential for runoff accumulation in the region. The research findings indicate that these areas are concentrated in the east, center, northeast, and southeast of the region. Then, using the RiverTools technique and according to the map of the city's drainage network, the best routes for constructing proposed canals were determined. These canals include sub-canals, second-order main canals, and third-order main canals. The first-order canal is the main conduit that collects the water of the second and third order canals. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Locating Areas Prone to Ecotourism in Fars Province Using Geographic Information System (Case Study: Arsanjan City)
Saeed Mohtashamnia Hossein gharehdaghi

Introduction: One of the most important forms of the tourism industry is natural tourism. Fars province has always been the focus of domestic and foreign tourists due to its high tourism potential. Arsanjan with its natural and historical tourism aspects, is the aim of More

Introduction: One of the most important forms of the tourism industry is natural tourism. Fars province has always been the focus of domestic and foreign tourists due to its high tourism potential. Arsanjan with its natural and historical tourism aspects, is the aim of the current research to determine the suitable areas for tourism activities by integrating the Makhdoom ecological model(2006) and GIS. Materials and Methods: Arsanjan is located in the northeast of Fars province with an area of 1439 ha and the present research is based on the ecological model of ecotourism development proposed by Makhdoom in the form of evaluation of ecological power, it includes three parts: identification of ecological resources, analysis and summarization of resources, and finally evaluation of ecological power was done using GIS. Results and Discussion: The results h showed according to the variables in the Makhdoom model and applying the required changes, slope, density and vegetation percentage were the most factors affected classifying of Arsanjan county into three susceptible classes(first class), semi-susceptible(second class) and unsuitable class. Conclusion: So, according to the location of the county on the communication road to the east of the country and the proximity to the Shiraz-Tehran highway and to historical monuments such as Passargad, Nagsh-e- Rostam and the Persepolise, along with scattered historical monuments in the county, it is recommended to use proper management and the establishment of welfare centers in the natural resources area and supporting the private sector in developing ecotourism residences and sport tourism in Tashk wetland. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Analysis of the Spatial Distribution and Location of Pharmacies Under Nightly in the Past (Case Study the City of Urmia)
ahmad aftab Alireza Soleimani negin hassanpour

Introduction: the optimum is under the pharmacy location, rapid access of patients to the medical service has proportional distribution and facilitate the pharmacy, the problems of citizens access to these centers to follow. The main objective of this study was to evalu More

Introduction: the optimum is under the pharmacy location, rapid access of patients to the medical service has proportional distribution and facilitate the pharmacy, the problems of citizens access to these centers to follow. The main objective of this study was to evaluate how the current distribution of the causative of the Pharmacy and determination of the best location for the new establishment of pharmacies. Method: this study was applied in terms of the purpose and nature of the procedure and, in terms of analytical descriptive. The steps are fitted in place during the fining of Pharmacy overnight of layer preparation day contains information for each element, the classification of information based on the values of each layer and the combination of all of the information layer and apply the final analysis model of the ANP and the final maps. Also, the data include both distance and access and twelve under the criterion. Results: a study of computation and azanjam, the highest weight to the criterion of "forming a RADIUS service and fitted the least weight to the criterion" distance from military centers. In the studied area of 13.36% with a degree or higher to be the establishment of new centers and 21.5% is appropriate Conclusion: The results show that the current location of most day-care pharmacies in Urmia is not proportional to the population of the region. Due to the overlapping of the range of pharmacies' services, especially in the central area of the city, organizing in these areas and transferring some of the existing units to other areas that are lacking is necessary, and in the northern and eastern parts of the city, according to the final map, the establishment of new centers is required.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Comparative evaluation of Landsat8 and Sentinel2 images to prepare a fire occurrence map in Arasbaran
Omid Rafieyan Khalil Valizadeh Kamran Mohammad Ebrahim Ramazani Sajjad Moshiri

10.30495/jrnr.2022.69827.10260

The valuable Arasbaran forest is a complex and dynamic ecosystem that has always been subject to extensive fires. The purpose of the present research is to utilize the technology of remote sensing and geographic information system and the technical abilities of the Goog More

The valuable Arasbaran forest is a complex and dynamic ecosystem that has always been subject to extensive fires. The purpose of the present research is to utilize the technology of remote sensing and geographic information system and the technical abilities of the Google Earth Engine system in order to prepare a fire occurrence map in the rangelands and forests of Arasbaran. In order to choose the appropriate method and type of satellite between Sentinel2 and Landsat8, the separability index was used. Accordingly, the RdNBR differential index was selected among the different indicators of fire detection to prepare the final map of the last 9 years and the cumulative fire map. Based on the accuracy assessment of the resulting map quantitatively, 84% of the actual fire points recorded by the General Directorate of Natural Resources and Watershed of East Azarbayjan province were placed at a distance of 200 meters from fire polygons extracted from satellite images, which showed the high accuracy of the fire map. The field visit also showed a good match among the fire areas resulting from the processing of satellite images with the existing situation of the region. The current research showed the high potential of these two satellites as well as the extraordinary ability and facilities of the Google Earth Engine system in providing a huge amount of remotely sensed data and advanced processing on them to prepare fire occurrence maps. The advantages of Landsat8 compared to Sentinel2 are having thermal bands and more time series. The spatial and radiometric resolution of both are almost similar, and the low-temporal resolution of Landsat8 will be compensated by combining it with Landsat 9 images. Therefore, in line with the results of similar studies, Landsat8 is generally preferable to Sentinel2. For the correct and scaled spatial data from Arasbaran region, it is suggested to create an integrated and large-scale Geo-database due to the lack of accuracy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Ecological potential evaluation of the Kabgian basin for aquaculture
Zeynab Mehrabi Soheil Sobhan Ardakani Lima Tayebi

10.30495/jrnr.2023.70149.10270

Growth of population and economic-social needs of human being led to impressive growth of industries including aquaculture as an important source of protein needs in recent decades. This development which is usually associated with lack of environmental impact studies l More

Growth of population and economic-social needs of human being led to impressive growth of industries including aquaculture as an important source of protein needs in recent decades. This development which is usually associated with lack of environmental impact studies leads to environmental degradation in many countries. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluation of ecological potential of Kabgian basin for aquaculture. In so doing, texture, depth and erosion of soil, slope, temperature, pH and water flow, stone, sensitive habitats, protected areas, conservation value of species and ArcGIS 10.2 according to 'Makhdoum Aquaculture Model' were used for site selection of fish farming ponds along the Kabgian River. The results showed that from 192 ha extent of the study area, 78.7 ha in the vicinity of Botari village was suitable for the development of aquaculture industry. As regards spatial distribution of fish farming ponds along the Kabgian River is not in a good condition and just focused on a specific part of the river, therefore, self purification potential of river will be decreased. So to reduce of environmental impacts of aquaculture on the water quality of Kabgian River, move the fish farming ponds to suitable areas for aquaculture development is recommended. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Prioritize the Upgrading and Modernization Projects Using GIS And Methods Topsis(Case study: The third area of Sari city)
مسعود مدانلوجویباری مسعود صفائی پور

Worn tissues Pykrh‌ cities are part of the value of the physical and performance status Urban renewal tissues could be trying to Bhrh‌Gyry Ptansyl‌Hay of all existing and improving the components and functions with the aim of maximizing the Bhrh‌Vry cited. This study ai More

Worn tissues Pykrh‌ cities are part of the value of the physical and performance status Urban renewal tissues could be trying to Bhrh‌Gyry Ptansyl‌Hay of all existing and improving the components and functions with the aim of maximizing the Bhrh‌Vry cited. This study aimed to explore and analyze the problem better Distressed, Locating and mapping have been conducted and advice on upgrading. This method combines the descriptive statistics and analytical and And then the geometric correction techniques, enhancement and improvement of the Pan Band on the 2010 IRS satellite images in GIS, Range of specific urban locations with distressed areas requiring improvement were determined by visual interpretation and field observations. Ranking for evaluation and improvement plans for these areas Decision Model (Topsis) was used. Based on the findings of urban wear on the three, 28/32 %, respectively, compared to the rest of the region has the highest rate of exhaustion of the area. Was determined using Topsis Burnout status eroded areas in three cities in Surrey In this area, which is in fact the basic core region, the undesirable And has done so in priority development projects, and Then the area of 3, 2 and 1 respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Analysis of the spatial structure of urban settlements and rural with approach land use planning (Case Study section Salafchegan Qom)
mostafa tavakoli saed zanghaneh alireza darban astaneh amir talkhab

spatial Planning organization is to plan for distribution optimal spatial infrastructure facilities and services in urban and rural settlements in the region and area. Planning spatial organization becomes reality in the form of spatial structure of the region and the a More

spatial Planning organization is to plan for distribution optimal spatial infrastructure facilities and services in urban and rural settlements in the region and area. Planning spatial organization becomes reality in the form of spatial structure of the region and the area. In this study have been carried out the analytical method, and with applied purpose to rely on library resources and data obtained from the Statistical Center of Iran and other relevant institutions, objective is analysis spatial structure Salafchegan District city of Qom.The results which have taken place based on geographic information system (GIS) in the interpolation facilities and services and TOPSIS at the leveling of settlements, show that in terms of the services and facilities according to the results of settlements five settlements Jndab Tayqan Rahjerd galea Cham and taj Khatun as the most developed settlements Salafchegan sector in terms of having been considered and the five settlements Tarlab Fathabad Nietzsche Gharehsou and Dolatabad as deprived settlements in this respect are known. According to the results at the end of the study is presented proposals to complete the study and provide ideas for better spatial planning in the future in this area Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Corrosion study of the spatial distribution of rural population of the three census periods 1996, 2006 and 2011
ammar rahmani abdolreza farajirad bijan rahmani

Both population growth and aging of the population will have undesirable consequences on the economic and social dimensions (Gheysarian, 2009: 1) Given that the spatial distribution of population, population structure is one of important issues (Mohajerani, 2010: 45) Th More

Both population growth and aging of the population will have undesirable consequences on the economic and social dimensions (Gheysarian, 2009: 1) Given that the spatial distribution of population, population structure is one of important issues (Mohajerani, 2010: 45) The study with indicators of aging, the aging of the rural population's spatial distribution using Geographic Information System GIS in census periods 1996, 2006 and 2011 were analyzed. The results of this study indicate that the three census periods of 1996, 2006 and 2011, the cluster model in our aging index and means that we focus on the central part of the country's population aging populations are not distributed and balanced in the country and continue this process will lead to more focus on the elderly population. The space between the center and the control center for a high rate of aging in our country, Finally, the rural elderly population is increasing. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Educational locate top talent by using a combination of Analytic Network Process (ANP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) (Case Study: Karaj (
محمد حسن یوسفی علی اصغر آل شیخ حسین یوسفی سهزابی

Chosen people, conducive to the promotion of education in society, depends on the establishment of training centers for top talent that can lead to people who are responsible for important tasks in the near future. The city of Karaj in terms of high-density population i More

Chosen people, conducive to the promotion of education in society, depends on the establishment of training centers for top talent that can lead to people who are responsible for important tasks in the near future. The city of Karaj in terms of high-density population in recent years and also enjoy variety in different socio-economic levels, more necessary than in other cities in Iran for the construction of training centers is superior talents. The study of network analysis to rank the criteria involved in the selection process model is used. The effective criteria in the selection process and in determining geographic data in ArcGIS software have been prepared. The weighted network analysis process and data layers in the layers overlap geographically weighted relative profound obtained was performed. Finally, the proposed locations based on the importance of training centers, were ranked. The results showed that in order of priority population centers Rajaee Shahr, Azimiyeh, Shahin Villa in the first and third top talent to build training centers are located. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - The Determination of Andimeshk Urban Physical Development With the Application of R.S and G.I.S
اصغر Nazarian سیمین Tolaei مریم Khosravi

Most of the cities have been exposed by physical growth. This could be explained byhigh population groyth as well as rural – urban migration. This in turn, resulted the inthe development of cities upon unsuitable lands.This study deals with the determination of An More

Most of the cities have been exposed by physical growth. This could be explained byhigh population groyth as well as rural – urban migration. This in turn, resulted the inthe development of cities upon unsuitable lands.This study deals with the determination of Andimeshk urban physicaldevelopment using T. M (1987), (ETM (2002), and LISS PAN (2003) projectionsystems.The Methodology of this study is as follows:At first urban land use maps were drawn. The urban physical development rates werecomputed based on comparsion between the maps. In the next step, taking intoconsidration the relevant factors responsible for urban physical development potential,distance layers pertaining to distance of the city from C.BD, from main routes, fromwest ravine were determined and scaled. This is followed by calssification of land into10 brackets. The final aereage devoted to future development were computed by 1408.it is suggested that urban physical development of Andimeshk were confined to justvertical development due to preservation of agricultural lands of the city. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Feasibility Study of Cotton Cultivation in Joyom, Larestan Using Geographic Information System (GIS)
Marzieh Moghali Hasan Houshmand

People from the pasts very far reached to the fact that they have to make a living and moving toward progress must attention to the elements of trade, agriculture and industry. In the centuries that followed this necessary to believe that among the three elements mentio More

People from the pasts very far reached to the fact that they have to make a living and moving toward progress must attention to the elements of trade, agriculture and industry. In the centuries that followed this necessary to believe that among the three elements mentioned, food production and agricultural have priority. The cotton plant as a basic and strategy product has long been attractive. This study investigated the feasibility study of cultivation in Joyom, Larestan, and the parameters of precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, water and soil is studied and analyzed. Then Using geographic information system (GIS) maps needed prepared and them has been analyzed. The results of this research suggest that the climate elements, planting dates and water quality can have the most important role in the cultivation of cotton in the Joyom city. The results show that the cultivation of cotton in Joyom is may 5 the start time and the crop November 11. The maps combination and overlapping due to the climatic and non-climatic factors show that the plain Joyom is area suitable for cotton cultivation. Requirements for cotton cultivation in this area is desirable or very close to favorable conditions. So with respect to the start time of planting and farmers' awareness of this issue, can increase the utilization of cotton in the region. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - Ecological capability assessment to determine areas suitable for development in the range of the Rayen, the city of Kerman, based on ecotourism zoning by GIS and AHP
Farideh Asadian Majid Asadi Marjan Javadian Namini

Eco-tourism (ecological tourism) is naturally close relationship with the environment, Theenvironmental assessment be done properly if it leads to the development of rural areas of thecity. Environmental protection strategy, especially in less developed regions where th More

Eco-tourism (ecological tourism) is naturally close relationship with the environment, Theenvironmental assessment be done properly if it leads to the development of rural areas of thecity. Environmental protection strategy, especially in less developed regions where thedevelopment could be based on tourism, is more important. Rhine historical and tourist city inKerman Province in the mountain range that has thousands of good weather and the potentialfor eco-tourism (ecological tourism), which is examined in this study. Applied research anddevelopment research method is descriptive. The main objective of this study was to evaluatethe ecological zoning for the development of ecotourism based on GIS and AHP inidentifying the rural town of Rhine is examined. After weighting variables AHP hierarchywere using GIS to overlay zoning, resulting in the development of eco-tourism for the regionRhine in three separate classification was developed 3/27% Rayen area on the first floorprioritized for development User tourist 7/6% second priority area, which if necessary can beused to develop tourism. Also, 66% of the Rayen area of tourism, ecological tourism in thearea is poor management and political strategies that contribute to the development of theRayen. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - Effect of land use and vegetation on erosion forms and sediment production (Case Study: Watershed Vers Qazvin province)
Mehrdad Esfandiari Abolfazl Moeini Rahele Moqadasi

In recent years, the interaction of land use change with soil erosion has become a major environmental concern and has a dramatic impact on soil erosion and sediment yield. In this research the impact of land use and vegetation on erosion forms and sediment production o More

In recent years, the interaction of land use change with soil erosion has become a major environmental concern and has a dramatic impact on soil erosion and sediment yield. In this research the impact of land use and vegetation on erosion forms and sediment production of the basin vers in Qazvin province was investigated using MPSIAC erosion model by Geographical Information System (GIS). The different forms of erosion (Surface, Rill, gully, bank, Stream) can be seen as moderate to severe in vers watershed. Amount of sediment for the whole of watershed was 7.1 ton per hectare per year and the amount erosion was 7.04 tons per hectare per year. Dryland farming with 2.14 (metric tons per hectare per year) has the greatest impact on erosion and sediment yield. In pasture (type 3) and dry farming have very high sediment yield and indicated the improper use of land. Sediment produced on pasture (Type 1) Less than a garden land use that reflects the positive impact of proper pasture vegetation in reducing the amount of erosion and deposition. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Landslides Hazard Zonation Using Logistic Regression Method (Case Study: Safaroud Watershed)
Amir Eshaghi Baharak Motamedvaziri Sadat Feiznia

Identification of regions having potential for landslides occurrence, is one of thebasic measures in natural resources management. In this Study, in order to preparinglandslides hazard zonation map in Safaroud watershed, by using geographicinformation system software (A More

Identification of regions having potential for landslides occurrence, is one of thebasic measures in natural resources management. In this Study, in order to preparinglandslides hazard zonation map in Safaroud watershed, by using geographicinformation system software (ArcGIS9.3), topographic maps (1:25000), fieldobservations and interpretation of aerial photo, basic maps such as geographical map,hypsometry, slope Degree, slope aspect, the average annual rainfall, maximum 24-hour rainfall with return period 100 years, the maximum earthquake acceleration andthe distance of roads, rivers and faults, is produced. Then using Logistic RegressionMethod, landslides hazard zonation map of this watershed is prepared. The resultsshowed that 52.28 percent area of Safaroud watershed have had high and very highclasses of hazard, and theses areas are located on formations content layer of silt stone,sheyl, sandstone, conglomera and coal, on Slope from 15 to 35 degrees, close to roads,rivers and faults and in the average heights (1000 to 1500 meters asl.) that have largeamount of rainfall (more than 850 mm). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - Locate and determine the scope of the development of Koohdasht using Fuzzy Logic and GIS
Hojjat allah pashapour Mostafa Tavakoli Nagme Abolfazl Noori Elnaz Rezaei

Locate a process by which a user can be assigned to specific criteria and according toavailable resources, the perfect place to be determined.to the world of computer science andsoftware opens, it floats and unlimited space between the numbers one and zero logic andreas More

Locate a process by which a user can be assigned to specific criteria and according toavailable resources, the perfect place to be determined.to the world of computer science andsoftware opens, it floats and unlimited space between the numbers one and zero logic andreasoning also applies to (Jvrabyan, Mahmoud et al: 1381), can also be used to locate much asvalues between zero and one will take., tilt, of processes (weathering, range, flow anderosion), the risks of failure (destruction of dams, underground water, facilities, etc.) and thusthe effects of environmental hazards on human structures and increased construction costs dueto the risks faced is, except for land located in East and West (the best locations for futurephysical development), there is no other place for physical development Kuhdasht Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

17 - Importance Fremote Sensing in Geographic Studies and Educa
N. EQBALI H. Lotfi

Different explanations have been provided for remote sensing, but as a summary,one can define it as the science and art of information acquisition about objects,terrains or different phenomena by gathering information from them without anycontact.In a remote sensing sys More

Different explanations have been provided for remote sensing, but as a summary,one can define it as the science and art of information acquisition about objects,terrains or different phenomena by gathering information from them without anycontact.In a remote sensing system, receiving and recording of information are done bysensors contrived in platforms. These platforms may have a variety such as aircraft,helicopter, satellite and spacecraft, but form both quantitative and qualitative points ofview, satellites play one of the most major roles in remote sensing. One of the mostadvantages of remote sensing is to collect information from hardly accessible areas ordangerous locations. Moreover, sensors aboard satellites and aircrafts can be used inresearches about polar territories, upper atmosphere, forest fires, volcanic activities,faraway oceanic parts and deserts which are difficult to be accessed by humans.Actually, remote sensing is the science and art of acquisition of information remotely,that is, obtaining information about objects and phenomena without any physicalcontact with them.In this article, after a review over the remote sensing technology and geographicinformation system, it is tried to use roles, applications and evaluation of the effects ofthese two subjects, in the geographical studies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

18 - Management of historical fabric- cultural interference patterns with the help of fuzzy logic using GIS (case study: Shiraz historical fabric)
M.R PoorJafar هادی Rezaei Rad

Introduction and aim: Optimization of non-intervention in the historical contexts of aging in the home, and the body is in a historical context. Although the intervention than in the previous periods have been associated with peace and harmony, but the rate of degradati More

Introduction and aim: Optimization of non-intervention in the historical contexts of aging in the home, and the body is in a historical context. Although the intervention than in the previous periods have been associated with peace and harmony, but the rate of degradation of the urban tissue is much greater than the predicted protective capacities. Therefore, the correct identification and prioritization of intervention zones between areas of critical need and the appropriate intervention methods to determine patterns and historical fabrics of the equilibrium cycle development and rehabilitation of the tissue. Method: Methodology of research is descriptive- analytical, Boolean logic and fuzzy logic grading criteria in the selection of techniques Spatial Statistic Data in GIS software has been used Findings: The original and main output of this process is to reduce the number of variables used in the model and realistic results. Results for Shiraz historical fabric, three main intervention areas as zones shows that the spatial interference reveals priorities. Conclusions: The output of the model's central weave pattern for absolute protection, the outer margin of the protecting spirit of the historical context of the modernization paradigm, protection pattern transits active in the historical pattern of tissue destruction and renewal and regeneration zones have been proposed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

19 - Optimization of Spatial Distribution and Location of Urban Services is a Basic Strategy in Realizing Sustainable Urban Management Using Hierarchical Analysis (AHP) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS)(Case Study: Kalishad And Sudarjan, Isfahan Province)
hamed akhgar Hossein Zabihi

10.30495/ums.2021.19378

Introduction & Objective: Cities that used to grow relatively slowly in the past, today face a lot of new and complex problems because one of the most important and basic needs of the urban population is optimal access. To municipal services. One of the best strateg More

Introduction & Objective: Cities that used to grow relatively slowly in the past, today face a lot of new and complex problems because one of the most important and basic needs of the urban population is optimal access. To municipal services. One of the best strategies to solve this problem is to select and locate the optimal service using GIS. The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution and location of urban services in the city of Kalishad and Sudarjan. Research Method: In this article, the research method is descriptive-analytical. Findings: The research findings show that the surveyed services do not have an optimal location and do not have the power to meet the needs of citizens. Conclusion: It is suggested that neighborhoods 2, 6, 3, which have a high population, be given priority in providing services, and by transferring or creating new service centers in these neighborhoods, the service problem will be largely solved. Lands along the Zayandeh River can also be used as green space, recreational space and even as a tourist village.     Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

20 - Locating Schools Using Geographic Information System (GIS)
اسماعیل کاوسی فریده اسدیان سحر شاهپری

Significant progress in different aspects of human life and the complexity of the relation between these aspects has brought numerous problems in planning and management. Urban administrators and planners are also experts who deal with a wide variety of information and More

Significant progress in different aspects of human life and the complexity of the relation between these aspects has brought numerous problems in planning and management. Urban administrators and planners are also experts who deal with a wide variety of information and require the use of information in place analysis to maintain and organizing the status of a city. Complexity, diversity and the high amounts of spatial information on one hand and computerized capabilities in the field of information on the other hand, explain the philosophy of the use of computer systems by urban. Since Geographic Information System (GIS) deals specifically with geographic and spatial data and analysis of this information, it is the proper means to locate schools to and establish them in urban area. Also, applying qualitative evaluation of the matrix, provide the appropriate criteria for urban managers to make appropriate decisions to locate schools using the geographic information system (GIS).  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

21 - Identifying Barriers to Development of Geographic nformation Systems (GIS) in Urban Areas Services and providing perational Strategies (case study: Shiraz City Hall)
اسماعیل کاوسی حسین وظیفه دوست علی قادری

The purpose of this article is to identify barriers to the development of geographical information systems and to provide solutions in Shiraz City Hall. For this purpose, by identifying the statistical population and selecting the descriptive research method, the hypoth More

The purpose of this article is to identify barriers to the development of geographical information systems and to provide solutions in Shiraz City Hall. For this purpose, by identifying the statistical population and selecting the descriptive research method, the hypotheses of previous studies are drawn in form of questionnaires for conducting a survey among the statistical population. After analyzing the statistical data, it was determined that all the five hypotheses were confirmed, so that according to the statistical population, financial problems, safety and technical problems, cultural problems, lack of use or poor use of geographic information systems in other municipalities and related organizations in the field of urban services of the City Hall of Shiraz and the lack of familiarity of high-ranking managers and members of the City Hall of Shiraz (urban managers) with the capabilities of geographic information systems, prevent the development of geographic information systems in the field of urban services of Shiraz City Hall. Finally, referring to the second statistical population i.e. experts and scholars of developing geographic information systems, their proposed solutions to elimination of barriers to development are offered.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

22 - Environmental Impact Assessment of Proposed Location of Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Case Study: Hidaj City (Zanjan Province) Environmental Impact Assessment of Proposed Location of Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Case Study: Hidaj City (Zanjan Province) Environmental Impact Assessment of Proposed Location of Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Case Study: Hidaj City (Zanjan Province)
Younes Khosravi Abdolhossein Parizanganeh Mi Ali Asgha Mokhtari Khadije Salehi

10.22034/jest.2020.26176.3516

Background and Objective: The high rapid urbanization, unappropriated patterns of consumption, changes in living standards and diversity of productions are the main factors of increasing of waste generation and changes in the composition of wastes that cause many proble More

Background and Objective: The high rapid urbanization, unappropriated patterns of consumption, changes in living standards and diversity of productions are the main factors of increasing of waste generation and changes in the composition of wastes that cause many problems in the environment. Accordingly, selecting a suitable site for landfill can prevent their adverse environmental impacts. Materials and Methods: This investigation is an applied research using descriptive-analytical methods and was aimed to determine appropriate location for waste landfilling of Hidaj city in Zanjan province. For this purpose, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and ArcGIS 10.3 software were used. Accordingly, and given the required parameters for choosing the optimum site that have an important role in site selection, weighting using hierarchical method was performed and thereafter the layers were overlaid and the optimum sites were identified. Results: According to the results, the suitable area for landfill was diagnosed in the eastern part of the Hidaj city. The required area of land for landfill was determined based on the average rate of population growth, density of generated waste, volume of waste mass, and the average per capita of waste generation in the study area. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that the selected area likely has high potential for landfilling of municipal solid wastes of Hidaj for the next 20-year period. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

23 - Zoning of Mokhtaran Plain’s Groundwater for Irrigation Using Analytical Network Process (ANP)
Aslan Egdernezhad NIYAZ ALI EBRAHIMI PAK Hadi Mohammadi Vala Zahra Ghorbani Mohsen Ahmadee

10.30495/jest.2022.34181.4157

Background and Objective: Groundwater is one of the most important water resources for irrigation usage in arid and semi-arid regions like Iran. So, in order to determine groundwater potential zones, it is important to specify its quality variations over a plain. The ai More

Background and Objective: Groundwater is one of the most important water resources for irrigation usage in arid and semi-arid regions like Iran. So, in order to determine groundwater potential zones, it is important to specify its quality variations over a plain. The aim of this study was to zoning the groundwater quality of Mokhtaran plain, Iran, for irrigation using network analysis (ANP) method. Material and Methodology: Regarding this purpose, this research was conducted to zone Mokhtaran Plain’s groundwater located at latitude between 32˚ 13’-32˚ 46’ N and longitude between 58˚ 40’-59˚ 45’ E in South-Khorasan, Iran, in 2015. Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), total hardness (TH), sodium solubility percentage (SSP), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), permeability index (PI), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR) and kellyes ratio (KR) were used to create water quality layers in GIS. Analytical network process (ANP) was utilized to implement these layers. Findings:  The results showed that quality of groundwater was better at the east region compared to the west. According to the results, appropriated region for irrigation covered about 40.72% of the plain (consist of sub-categories: 3.28, 17.09 and 20.35% in the class of very appropriate, appropriate and semi-appropriate, respectively) and non-appropriate one covered 50.28% (consist of sub-categories: 49.11, 7.35 and 2.82% in the class of semi non-appropriate, non-appropriate and very non-appropriate, respectively). Discussion and Conclusion: Regarding the results, it is necessary to extract groundwater at north and east part of the plain. Indeed, rainfed agriculture must be considered in other parts of the plain.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

24 - Site selection of wind farms in Semnan province by using AHP method
Hasan Rezaei mokhtar karami Fahimeh Shakeri

10.22034/jest.2019.7546.1624

Background and Objective: Limited fossil energy source and increase of energy demand is always pushed man to search for new energy sources as replacement. In this case the winds always have a special place in the new generation of energy sources. Semnan province with fa More

Background and Objective: Limited fossil energy source and increase of energy demand is always pushed man to search for new energy sources as replacement. In this case the winds always have a special place in the new generation of energy sources. Semnan province with favourable topographical and relativity suitable situation is one of the best places for building a wind farm. Method: Therefore, in this research different criteria and sub criteria have been used to identify the suitable location for building wind farms in Semnan province, As the importance of information fusion, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method were employed for weighting the layers and the Expert Choice software implemented for this purpose. The Arc GIS program has been used for special analyses and overlapping of layers. After the analysis of information, according to the capacity of building wind farms, province of Semnan has been divided to four parts of great, good, normal and weak. Findings: At last, it is indicated that Geographic Information System as a Supportive Decision making system can be practical both in preparing of data and designing the priorities and giving expert's ideas dealing with different factors and also help the designers to select the proper location for the wind farms. Discussion and Conclusion: In this research, three regions have been determined, considering priority of overlaying and limitation of land and places, survey of priority area also considering the climate condition and personal observation have been determined that this places are Damghan, Nothwestern of Garmsar and and some part of eastern Shahroud. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

25 - Recreational Zone Classification of Hassan Abad Forest Park Using Multi-Criteria Analysis and Model Makhdoom
Parvin Dashti Iraj Hassanzad Navroodi مهرداد خان محمدی Jahedeh Tekiekhah

10.22034/jest.2018.22606.3166

Background and Objective: Recreation use assessment is considered as an important tool for sustainable tourism development and also ecotourism management development causes local economic growth and biodiversity conservation&lrm;.The main objective of this study is to i More

Background and Objective: Recreation use assessment is considered as an important tool for sustainable tourism development and also ecotourism management development causes local economic growth and biodiversity conservation&lrm;.The main objective of this study is to identify and prioritize the potential ecotourism site in Hassanabad forest park. Method: Analysis system Makhdoom and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) combined with Geographic Information System (GIS) was used. In AHP method after identification effective factors on recreational potential, a matrix is formed and factors were compared by the experts in the form of questionnaire. Next factors were weighed and ranked the regions for recreational potential. In Makhdoom method after identifying ecological sources, the data were collected and analyzed to ecological homogenous units. Finally the map of final resorting capacity was provided by comparing ecological traits of each unit with Makhdoom tourism ecological model. Eventually maps obtained by the two methods in GIS were overlapped. Findings: Results of AHP model showed that the total area of the park (434/6 ha) has recreational potential of medium to high class. This area has no zone with very low recreational potential. In makhdoom method, this area includes all of recreational classes except concentrated recreational potential zone of first class.   Discussion and Conclusion: In both methods, the recreational potential classes have 50% overlapping. Since after applying two methods, the park has no inappropriate zones for tourism, this area is suitable for the development of ecotourism plans. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

26 - An Assessment of the Groundwater Quality Using the AqQA Model and Determination of the Most Suitable Method for Their Zoning (Case Study: Rafsanjan City, The Province of Kerman)
Ali Neshat razieh gholamrazai

10.30495/jest.2020.48944.4916

Background and Objective: Water quality determination is one of the basins management principles and one of the most important environmental and social issues in the world. In this study, in order to evaluate the water quality of Rafsanjan plain.Material and Method More

Background and Objective: Water quality determination is one of the basins management principles and one of the most important environmental and social issues in the world. In this study, in order to evaluate the water quality of Rafsanjan plain.Material and Methodology:  Water quality data collected by Regional Water Company of Kerman from 33 wells of the region between 2002 and 2016, were analyzed by AqQA software. They were analyzed using Piper, Schoeller, Wilcox, Durov and Stiff graphs.Findings: Then the most appropriate interpolation method for water quality zoning was selected by the Geographic Information System (GIS) among Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) with powers of 1, 2 & 3 and Radial Basis Functions (RBF), Global Polynomial Interpolation (GPI), Local Polynomial Interpolation (LPI) and Kriging Method.Discussion and Conclusion: The results of water quality analysis based on Piper diagram showed that the study area has Na-Cl profile that belongs to the saline water group. The interpretation of Durov curve indicated that the amount of water soluble minerals in the water of area was more than 1000 mg/l that indicates there are high level of minerals in the water of area. The results also showed that salinity was very high in the study area due to the dominance of sodium and chloride ions in the water of the area.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

27 - Landfill Site Selection of Construction and Demolition Wastes Using GIS and AHP Method (A Case Study of Hamedan City)
Fateme Jafari Nobakht Mehrdad Cheraghi Bahareh Lorestani

10.22034/jest.2018.12897.2151

Background and Objectives: Population growth, urban development, and increased human activities will bring various outcomes, including the production and accumulation of waste, followed by environmental pollution. In developing countries, construction waste accounts for More

Background and Objectives: Population growth, urban development, and increased human activities will bring various outcomes, including the production and accumulation of waste, followed by environmental pollution. In developing countries, construction waste accounts for a large proportion of municipal waste, which in addition to the high cost of disposal, also has adverse effects on the environment. Because construction debris takes up a lot of space due to its bulk, disposing of it in landfills reduces the useful life of these areas and it is necessary to find a new place to bury construction debris. Method: Searching for a new landfill is a complex and time consuming process and requires a capable and efficient system, as using GIS and combining different layers of information and considering environmental, social and economic criteria, the most suitable landfill can be found. Located a building. In the present study, 16 criteria (slope, land use, residential, commercial and industrial centers, villages, roads (including 3 layers of highways, main roads and side roads), water (including 6 layers of wells, springs, aqueducts, Rivers, dams and waterways), antiquities, airport runways and mines) are involved in the location process, so that privacy and distance maps are prepared first ,then, in order to achieve more reliability, scoring the classes or parameter intervals was done in three ways. Criteria were weighted using Expert Choice software and hierarchical analysis (AHP). Findings: The results of the three types of scoring to multi-criteria analysis showed that there were significant differences in the results of different methods of scoring. Discussion and Conclusions: The results of combining 16 parameters involved in site selection in software Arc GIS9.3 showed that the appropriate zones for construction and demolition wastes buried in Hamadan, often are located in a 90-degree slice. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

28 - Analysis and evaluation of noise pollution in Karaj city
MAHSA ADL Leila Mahmoudi Shima Azizi Amin Taherianfar

10.30495/jest.2022.64103.5555

Background and Objective: In this paper, after examining the situation of noise pollution in the city of Karaj, priority areas have been identified to be the target of proper planning and management in terms of noise pollution control in the future (online monitoring sy More

Background and Objective: In this paper, after examining the situation of noise pollution in the city of Karaj, priority areas have been identified to be the target of proper planning and management in terms of noise pollution control in the future (online monitoring sysytems ….). Material and Methodology: In the present study, after detailed identification of noise pollution sources in Karaj and considering the time and financial constraints of the project 108 noise monitoring stations with morning, noon and night frequencies in three seasons of autumn and winter 99 and spring 1400 to investigate noise pollution and the equivalent sound level of Karaj was selected. After analyzing the results and data of sound measurement in SPSS and Excel software and their statistical description, zoning maps of equivalent sound level in Karaj city by IDW interpolation (distance based weighting) method with the help of software GIS software was provided.     Findings: Comparing the results of Karaj city with the Iranian sound standard showed that 90% of the equivalent sound level is higher than the residential standard, 84% higher than the residential-commercial standard, 70% higher than the commercial standard, 52% higher than the commercial-industrial standard. And is 31% higher than the industry standard. Karaj sound level zoning also showed that regions 1, 8 and 9 have the highest noise pollution and regions 3, 4, 6 and 7 face the lowest noise pollution. Discussion and Conclusion: The present study shows the increasing trend of noise pollution in Karaj, especially in some areas, the need for systematic and continuous monitoring of noise pollution, conducting more detailed studies and more comprehensive studies of noise pollution (characteristics, seasonal fluctuations, Noise pollution boundaries, etc.), Setting up and establishing online voice monitoring systems, using fences and sound barriers should be on the agenda. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

29 - Integrating of Fuzzy Spatial Multi Criteria Evaluation and Fuzzy Analytic Network Process for Urban Parks sitting (Case study: region 8, Tehran municipality)
Yasser Moarab Saeed karimi Negar Foroughi Vahid Nikzad

Background and Purpose: The Importance of urban green space is undeniable in the sustainability of cities and their physical, natural and social effects in urban systems. For this reason, existence of urban green spaces in cities and a suitable distribution of them is o More

Background and Purpose: The Importance of urban green space is undeniable in the sustainability of cities and their physical, natural and social effects in urban systems. For this reason, existence of urban green spaces in cities and a suitable distribution of them is one of the important issues in urban planning and management. The overall goal of this research is to determine the importance of affecting factors in site selection of parks and urban green spaces and also a suitable site selection of parks and urban green spaces in the study area. Methods: This research is an analytic descriptive research. At first by using library and literature review and Delphi approach effective parameters in site selection of parks and urban green spaces were extracted and then, in FANP method pairwise comparison performed with relevant experts to determine significance and weighted of criteria. Then, data layers standardized in IDRISI software and were prepared in the form of Fuzzy. And finally prepared Fuzzy maps overlaid in GIS software by considering their weights to identify suitable locations for the construction of parks and urban green spaces in region 8 of Tehran municipality. Findings: In this study distance from parameters of (Land use, Accessibility, population, Favorable centers and Ufavorable centers) are used to determine a park and green space site selection of region 8 of Tehran municipality. Each layers map prepared by using GIS and layer standardization in IDRISI software. Then for weighting and combining layers fuzzy analytic network process (FANP) and GIS is used. Conclusion: Five operators of (Gumma, And, Or, Sum, Product) are applied to obtain final maps. Finally, fuzzy sum operator identified as a proper operator in park and green space site selection of region 8 of Tehran municipality. Five classes of very good, good, average, weak and very weak were considered for the final map of this operator. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

30 - Sitting Industries with Weighted Linear Combination Methodology in a GIS Environment in Great Isfahan Region
Marzieh Reisi Alireza Soffianian Hamidreza Ghodosi

The location of industrial area is a key factor in regional planning because this kind of decision haslarge social, economical and environmental impacts on any land. Location decision makers mustconsider a wide range of factors in order to coordinate socio-economic bene More

The location of industrial area is a key factor in regional planning because this kind of decision haslarge social, economical and environmental impacts on any land. Location decision makers mustconsider a wide range of factors in order to coordinate socio-economic benefits and environmentalsustainability. Isfahan is one of the most important industrial centers in Iran and because of largeindustrial development in this region industrial construction is limited to 50 Km radius around Isfahancity. The present paper describes a Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) method, calledWeighted Linear Combination in GIS environment to evaluate the suitability of 50 Km radius aroundIsfahan for industrial establishment. At first by literature review and obtaining standards, industrialsite selection criteria are defined. The relative importance weights of criteria estimated usingAnalytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and pair-wise comparisons. Finally all criteria layers areaggregated by WLC. After the elimination of sites which do not have enough area for industries, 4suitable patches for industrial construction are found Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

31 - Assessing Land Capability for Urban Landuse by the Weighted Liner Composition (WLC) in GIS (Case Study: Zardrud Watersheds of Khouzestan Province)
Bamshad Shenavr Seyed Mohsen Hosseini Neda Orak

Bachground and Objective: Since the environment has a limited ecological potential for human uses, the ecological potential assessment provides a well suited bed for environmental planning. The main objective of this paper is to determine proper criteria by applying mul More

Bachground and Objective: Since the environment has a limited ecological potential for human uses, the ecological potential assessment provides a well suited bed for environmental planning. The main objective of this paper is to determine proper criteria by applying multicriteria decision-making Methods for land capability assessment to establish new cities. Methods: In this research, multicriteria assessment approach and Weighted Liner Composition(WLC) are utilized in ecological potential assessment of Zardrud basin of Khouzestan for urban development by using geographic  information system (GIS) based on 13 criteria which includes:slope, evaluation, aspect , rainfall, average temperature, land type, soil, land use, distance to river, distance to industries, distance to road, earthquake bearing and fault zones. Land capability map is developed in which it shows prioritized and proper areas for urban development in the aforemeotioned range. Findings: Most importants factors on urban development were earthquake bearing, land use and soil and that R11, R4 nappies have better choices. Discussion and Conclusion: The results obtained from this study can be used as a pattern for urban planning that indicates well suited urban location with respect to environmental considerations Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

32 - Floodwater Spreading Site Selection Using Decision Support System & GIS in Mashkid Area in Sistan & Baluchistan Province
Mirmasoud Kheyrkhah Zarkesh Mohammadreza Zarcheshm

  Introduction: Iran is located in one of the driest land regions of the world, where water is a limiting factor for lasting life, therefore using seasonal floodwaters is very important in arid and semi arid regions. On the other hand special attention has been pai More

  Introduction: Iran is located in one of the driest land regions of the world, where water is a limiting factor for lasting life, therefore using seasonal floodwaters is very important in arid and semi arid regions. On the other hand special attention has been paid to artificial groundwater recharge in these regions. Floodwater spreading on the permeable terrain is one of the flooding control way and utilization methods. Determination of appropriate site for water spreading is one of the most important stages of this project. Material and Methods: Parameters considered in the selection of groundwater artificial recharge locations are diverse and complex. These factors consist of earth sciences (geology, geomorphology and soils), hydrology (runoff, sediment yield, infiltration and groundwater conditions) and socio-economic aspects (irrigated agriculture, flood damage mitigation, environment, job creation and so on). Hence, decision making depends on criteria of diverse nature. The goal of this study is defining a Decision Support System for floodwater site selection in Mashkid area. Four main criteria were selected in this research are floodwater characters, infiltration, water application and flood damage. In order to determining the importance of factors, Analytical hierarchy Process and GIS was used. Conclusion: It will be expected that soil texture and floodwater volume of water application and floodwater main criteria are two important factors among other criteria (Hypothesis). After providing output maps which had been defined in several scenarios to determine the best locations for floodwater spreading and finally investigates sums suitability and averages suitability of each sub basin. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

33 - Evaluating the Ecological Capacity for Urban Development Using a Combination of AHP and GIS (Case Study: Baghmalek District)
Panta Azari Ali Shirzadi Babakan

Background and Objective: Today, urban planners have become interested to consider sustainable development in their planning. Evaluation of ecological capacity for urban development in order to select appropriate locations is the main factor in sustainable development. More

Background and Objective: Today, urban planners have become interested to consider sustainable development in their planning. Evaluation of ecological capacity for urban development in order to select appropriate locations is the main factor in sustainable development. In this study, it has been attempted to evaluate the ecological capacity in order to determine the best possible regions for urban development in Baghmalek district by applying a combination of Analytical Hierarchy Processes and geographic information system. Method: In order to achieve this objective, first we recognized the effective criteria in urban development using the previous studies and by collecting opinions of the experts by Delphi methodology. Finally 5 criteria and 12 sub-criteria were selected. Then, we determined the priority of the criteria against each other by pairwise comparison method and by applying Analytical Hierarchy Processes. Finally, the required information layers were valuated based on fuzzy logic in environment of Geographical Information System (Arc GIS 10.2), the calculated weights were applied on them and ecological capacity map was prepared by weighted overlaying the layers. Results: The results indicated that %46.65 of the studied area has a completely unsuitable potential, %39.62 has an unsuitable potential, %12.27 has an average potential, %1.17 has a suitable potential and %0.29 has completely a suitable potential for urban development.   Conclusion: According to the classification of the final map, it was concluded that the prone areas for future physical development in Baghmalek district can be further expanded in the northern part. On the other hand, Southeast and East directions because of having mountainous regions, face with more restrictions for future development.                                                                                                                                                            Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

34 - Study of the Relationship between Landuse Change and Topographic Parameters in Mashhad in GIS Environment
Mehdi Gholamalifard Iman Fatehi Hamed Bidel Bahareh Ghafouri

10.22034/jest.2017.11303

Background and Objective: Detection of land change during time series is very important for making optimal decisions about land management through understanding the interactions between human and natural phenomena. In this study, changes in landuse in Mashhad and their More

Background and Objective: Detection of land change during time series is very important for making optimal decisions about land management through understanding the interactions between human and natural phenomena. In this study, changes in landuse in Mashhad and their relation with topographic conditions were investigated using the Landsat images of 1987, 2001 and 2014. Method: Landuse map was created using visual interpretation method with six classes including bare lands, dry lands, forest, irrigated farming lands, range lands and urban lands. Finally, the relation of landuse changes with topographic components (elevation, slope, and aspect) was studied. Findings: Results showed that area of urban, forest and bare landuses is increased and area of dry, irrigated farming and range landuses is decreased during the study period. Greatest landuse change was from irrigated farming to dry farming lands, which was about 37702.75 ha. Mashhad urban area has been expanded about 16754 ha in the studied 27-year period, most which happened in locations with 800-1600 m of elevation, 8-12% slope and located in northern and eastern aspects. Conclusion: The obtained results can be used as a useful mean for managing the regions disposed to landuse change and provide the planners with suitable view to manage the landuse and future development plans. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

35 - Evaluation of Marvar No-Hunting Area to Designate It as a Protected Area
Mahdieh Yazdi Mahmoud Karami Mahmoud Shariat

Background and Objective: For protection of biodiversity and because of fast destruction of revocable national source which is becoming more challengeable every day, strengthening and expansion of protected area is the only proper way. In Iran, in addition to existence More

Background and Objective: For protection of biodiversity and because of fast destruction of revocable national source which is becoming more challengeable every day, strengthening and expansion of protected area is the only proper way. In Iran, in addition to existence of fourfold conservative area, there are no hunting areas as an example of natural areas. These areas are valuable and prepared for conservation of nature ecological balance and preventing the extinction of plant generation and animal species. This area "with an area of about of 81373 hectare" is located in the West of Meybod and North-East of Sadouq in Yazd Province. In this study, for the first time, the ecological land capability of Marvar, with perception of conservation according to IUCN criteria, was evaluated to be designated as a protected. Method: Systematic Analysis method, Makhdoum (2001) ecological models and GIS were used for evaluation of Marvar no-hunting area. In this study, at first regional resources (socio-economic & ecological) were found. Digital data along with attribute data were insetted to the ArcGIS system to make the data base. Therefore, by overlaying information layers in the mentioned system, the ecological details were mapped for the area and the table of characteristic unit was presented. The evaluation of capability and zoning were done and fertilized area for suitable uses was selected. Finally, baised on the obtained result for the protected area classification system, the area was introduced as a conservative area according to national and international criteria. Results: According to the obtained results for ecological and economical-social resource, six zones were identified in this area as wilderness/ecological zone:(4.25%), protected zone:(41.62%), extensive use zone:(26.3%), intensive use zone:(9.4%), spatial use zone:(1.25%) and land use zone:(17.18%), and nearly half of the area was allocate to protection use. The, small extent of this area with high vulnerability shows its capability to be placed in higher conservative class. Hence, evaluation of obtained results under the condition of protected area according to available criteria explain shows that Marvar no-hunting area with approximately broad extent, has a high ecosystem diversity (mountain, plain and hill), considerable species diversity (52 plant and 82 animal species) and also high wildlife values such as economical, biological, and science-training values. Moreower, tourism attractions have high conservative value and can introduce a protected area in classification of fourfold areas of Iran, as well as in fifth class of IUCN, including areas under management of protected landscape or Seascape.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

36 - Evaluation of environmental potential in Parsabad, Moghan for urban development using GIS and AHP
Dariush Nami Ebrahim Fataei Arezoo Nejaei Mojgan Zaeimdar

10.22034/jest.2017.11350

Abstract Background and Objective: Use of land ignoring the ecological differences and environmental potentials leads to adverse consequences and destruction of the environment, and eventually threatens natural resources and hinders sustainable development of the envir More

Abstract Background and Objective: Use of land ignoring the ecological differences and environmental potentials leads to adverse consequences and destruction of the environment, and eventually threatens natural resources and hinders sustainable development of the environment. Rapid expansion and development, lack of urban planning, and imbalance composition of Parsabad County call for implementation of proper management to prevent negative effects of development process and necessitate introduction of new zones for urban development. This study aimed to select appropriate directions for urban development within Parsabad County. Method: MADM was used with a focus on value and compensatory Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to weigh and combine the criteria in GIS environment. Urban development was completed using the criteria for ecological model of urban, rural, and industrial development. Moreover, some economic, social, hydrologic and hydro-geological criteria such as distance from wells, rivers, roads, airports, industrial zones, faults, and cities were also incorporated in this model. Conclusion: Results revealed that from the total area of Parsabad County, 6238.2896 acres was suitable, 18146.5083 acres was moderately suitable, and 110121.067 acres was unsuitable for urban development. Suitable and moderately suitable lands for urban development landuse are mostly located in the northern part of the medium. At present, the spatial distribution of Parsabad population centers in this area mainy because of adjacency to Aras River, low slope and proximity to the residential area. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

37 - Locate Gas Power Plants Using Fuzzy Model and Boolean Logic in GIS (Case Study: Gilan Province)
Farden Safari Saeed Karimi Issar Noraisefat

Background and purpose: Power plants have pollution of water, air, soil, and their voice and considerable damages to the surrounding environment enters. But also with the growth of population and industry,.... the demand for energy, especially electricity consumption ha More

Background and purpose: Power plants have pollution of water, air, soil, and their voice and considerable damages to the surrounding environment enters. But also with the growth of population and industry,.... the demand for energy, especially electricity consumption has been growing in recent years But also with the growth of population and industry, the demand for energy, especially electricity consumption has been growing in recent years And the fact that the electrical energy supply required is often require build new stations and treatment plants social consequences, economic, political, environmental and many.Research and Method: This paper identifies important factors in determining a suitable location for the construction of gas power plant in the province of Gilan, and the effectiveness of each of these factors, by using fuzzy and Boolean and software to GIS, integrating layers spatial data do and potential locations for the construction of gas power plants were identified. Findings: The results showed With regard to the integration of different data layers and limitations, about 90 percent of Gilan province as a constraint areas were determined for power plant   And the other 10 percent, 5 percent favorable weight and 5 percent is weight the semi- favorable and unfavorable.Results: Finally, Compared with five operator fuzzy model, fuzzy Product function better than it looked. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

38 - Landfill Site Selection for Urban Hysteresis of Qazvin City using the AHP in ArcGIS Software
Younes Khosravi Hamid Ashjaei

The daily increase in populationand urban development, increasing consumption of undegradable materials and many other of mechanical and modern life aspects have caused to managers pay more attention to the issue of wastes. According to the environmental, economic and e More

The daily increase in populationand urban development, increasing consumption of undegradable materials and many other of mechanical and modern life aspects have caused to managers pay more attention to the issue of wastes. According to the environmental, economic and ecological impacts, choosing landfill must be done carefully and during a scientific process.  This study was aimed to suggest the best places for municipal urban solid waste disposal in Qazvin. This investigation is an applied research using descriptive-analytical methods and was aimed to determine appropriate location for waste landfilling of Qazvin city. For this purpose, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and ArcGIS 10.3 software was used. Accordingly and given the required parameters for choosing the optimal site that have an important role in site selection such as Soil, Geology, Rivers, Roads, Cities and Villages points, Climatology, Roads etc., the AHP model was performed and the target areas were identified for landfill in Qazvin city. According to the maps and layers created, Potential areas for wastes disposal have been identified in 5 classes and were chosen Lands with an area of above 70 hectares from lands in fifth grade and for the best place to landfill in the range of 40 years old. Based on the results, the suitable area for landfill was diagnosed in central and northern parts of the Qazvin city cause of low permeability soil, suitable land use, suitable distance and good buffer from rivers, the distance from faults, cities and village, proximity to road access and communication and dry climate. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

39 - The Role of Tourism Climate Index with the emphasis on climate is A case study in north of Iran (Gilan province)
Ayoub Badraghnejad Hossein Mousazadeh Hosein Kor

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

40 - Preparation of distribution maps and biodiversity assessment of weeds in canola agroecosystems using geographic information system (GIS) (Case study of Sorkhankalateh region, Gorgan County)
Razeyeh Shahi Hossein Kazemi Behnam Kamkar Ahmad Nadimi Mohsen Hosseinalizadeh Hasan Yeganeh

Awareness of the existence of specific weeds in an area can be better decided and planned about their control methods. Otherwise, applying different control methods will not have the desired effect. In this study, in order to identify and prepare maps of weed distributi More

Awareness of the existence of specific weeds in an area can be better decided and planned about their control methods. Otherwise, applying different control methods will not have the desired effect. In this study, in order to identify and prepare maps of weed distribution in canola fields of Sorkhankalateh region of Gorgan county, 50 fields were selected and sampled based on W pattern in two stages. Then, using current formulas, frequency, relative frequency, species uniformity and biodiversity indices were calculated. We were recorded the geographical coordinates and altitude of the sampling location by a GPS, Garmin touch model for each field. The obtained information was processed using Arc GIS software (var. 10.3) and the distribution maps of all weeds in canola fields were prepared. The results showed that 41 weed species (20 species in the pre-spraying stage and 21 species in the post-spraying stage) from 14 plant families were present in surveyed fields of Sorkhankalateh region, which Poaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Brassicaceae and Polygonaceae were the most important plant family. In the pre-spraying stage, the share of annual, perennial and biennial species was 75, 15 and 10%, and in the post-spraying stage, their share was as 66.66, 23.80 and 9.52, respectively. In terms of growth form, in the pre- and post-spraying stages, 8 and 76.19% species were belonged to dicotyledonous and 20 and 23.80% were as monocotyledonous, respectively. According to the results of biodiversity indices, weeds in the post-spraying stage had more diversity than the pre-spraying stage. Also, the results related to weed distribution maps showed that most of the dominant weeds were distributed in the Eastern and southern parts of the studied region. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

41 - Assessing groundwater vulnerability in Ramhormoz aquifer using a GIS and DRASTIC Techniques
Pouriya Moradi Hassan Rouhi Kazem Rangzan Nasrollah Kalantari Nazanin Ghanbari

Aquifer vulnerability assessment to identify areas that have a potential contamination of water re-sources management, is very important. One of the rudimentary and important ways to prevent groundwater contamination is the identification of vulnerable areas and applied More

Aquifer vulnerability assessment to identify areas that have a potential contamination of water re-sources management, is very important. One of the rudimentary and important ways to prevent groundwater contamination is the identification of vulnerable areas and applied its results for land use management. In this study, the vulnerability of Ramhormoz aquifer evaluated by an Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method and Modified DRASTIC based on GIS. In the DRASTIC model the map of seven hydrogeological characteristics affecting groundwater pollution (depth to water, net recharge, aquifer media, soil type, topography, the impact of vadose zone and hydraulic conduc-tivity) was combined using Geographic information system (GIS) and aquifer vulnerability map was prepared. In order to overlaying the data layer tree methods (DRASTIC-DRASTIC, DRASTIC-AHP and AHP-AHP methods) have been used. Nitrate concentration data of groundwater have been used for model validation. The results show that, except the southeast that have a high vulnerability, other parts of plain have a low to moderate vulnerability. In the study area, DRASTIC-DRASTIC and DRASTIC-AHP methods have a better results rather than AHP-AHP method. The correlation coefficient between Q index and nitrate concentration in DRASTIC-DRASTIC, DRASTIC-AHP and AHP-AHP methods is obtained 0.97, 0.96 and 0.81, respectively, which confirmed the results. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

42 - Potential maps of prone defense centers in western forest of Ilam-Iran by using an analytical hierarchy process (AHP)
Mohammad Fallah Zazuli Reza Aghataher Mehrdad Zarafshar Mohsen Jafari

Oak forest in west of Iran has been always considered by terrorists. So, site selection with emphasis to passive defense principal is really necessary in this area. This research aimed to site selection of defense installations and determine of suitable areas of its gen More

Oak forest in west of Iran has been always considered by terrorists. So, site selection with emphasis to passive defense principal is really necessary in this area. This research aimed to site selection of defense installations and determine of suitable areas of its generation in the part of thin forests at Ilam province using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and Geographic information system (GIS).  By using defense expert opinions, and a literature review eight effective intelligence layer in determining the talented defensive centers (lithology, distance from urban, distance from rural, slope, aspect, elevation, distance from drainage and distance from road) were selected and their maps were digitized in ArcGIS®9.3 environment. Prioritizing factors were done using expert opinions in the Expert Choice (EC2000). The results by priority criteria by pairwise comparison method showed that distance from residential areas (urban and rural area), distance from roads and lithology 0.351, 0.222, 0.160, and 0.109 had the highest effects on defense site selection, respectively. In contrast, elevation (0.021) and distance from the river (0.030) had the lowest effects. Finally, the results showed that Cenozoic geology units, distance from city 10000-15000 m, distance from roads >6000 m, slope percentage (10-20%), eastern aspect, elevation (1000-1500 m), distance from river >3000 and distance from roads 3000-5000 m were the most important factors for presentation of potential maps for building of military centers in the western forest area of Ilam. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

43 - Determination potential habitats (Anchusa strigosa) using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and GIS in Dezful
Majid Sadeghinia Mehdi Tazeh Zahra Jafari Koroush Kiani

Native plant development is one of the ways to restore degraded rangelands. In Dezful, Anchusa strigosa is a medication species which is one of the region’s main exports. Due to habitat degradation of this species by overgrazing and rangeland degradation, by consi More

Native plant development is one of the ways to restore degraded rangelands. In Dezful, Anchusa strigosa is a medication species which is one of the region’s main exports. Due to habitat degradation of this species by overgrazing and rangeland degradation, by considering ecological demands, its habitat can be developed. The aim of this study was to determine the potential sites for development, according to the criteria of Anchusa strigosa climate, soil and topography using geographic information systems and hierarchical analysis. For this purpose, In 2015, the spatial data for species presence was used as potential locations for growth. Part of the habitat of this species was extracted from studies using ground and the points which were grabbed. The first point map of the field was prepared by visiting the areas and habitats, and then current biophysical information was extracted. For completing the information, from other sources, the ecological demand of species was extracted and combined with ground-based data. The six criteria map were prepared, classified and standardized in ArcGIS®10.1. As the weight of the layers is not identical, to prioritize the areas of potential habitat, analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was used to weight the criteria. The results showed that of total area 464547.3 ha, 31% accounts for good habitat, 38%, average habitat and 7% poor to very poor habitat. The results also showed that the significant dip weight and the minimum weight is most significant measure that shows no inclination and most valuable to the growth of this species. The results can be used to modify the operation of the ranch and mapping of suitable areas for development use. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

44 - Habitat potential modeling of Astragalus gossypinus using ecological niche factor analysis and logistic regression (Case study: summer rangelands of Baladeh, Nour)
Farhad Borna Reza Tamartash Mohammadreza Tatian Vahid Gholami

This study has been done with the purpose of modeling and prediction of the habitat Astragalus gossypinus map using Logistic regression (LR) and Ecological niche factor analysis (ENFA)  in summer rangelands of Baladeh, Nour in Mazandaran province. To achieve this o More

This study has been done with the purpose of modeling and prediction of the habitat Astragalus gossypinus map using Logistic regression (LR) and Ecological niche factor analysis (ENFA)  in summer rangelands of Baladeh, Nour in Mazandaran province. To achieve this objective, environmental map variables were prepared with the help of ArcGIS®9.3 techniques in cell size of 10 × 10. Also, 80 site as well as the presence or absence of species was recorded by sampling classified-random. For each sampling site was recorded information about the presence or absence of species and environmental variables, and the relationship between species distribution and environmental factors was determined by using logistic regression and ecological niche factor analysis, and forecast maps the distribution of the Astragalus gossypinus was produced in the study area. According to LR results, Elevation, pH, organic carbon, average temperature of the wet season and average temperature during the dry season were the most important environmental factors influencing the distribution of the species. According to this model, variable aspect, sand Percent, TNV of soil, precipitation in the wet season and average temperature during the coldest season were used as influential environmental variables. Evaluate the correctness statistical models were performed by using the kappa coefficient and ROC area under the curve plots. Value indices, respectively 0.42 and 0.78 for the logistic regression model and 0.84 and 0.92 for the ecological niche factor analysis, which represents that profile model shows higher accuracy than the discrimination group models in the study area. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

45 - Assessment of efficiency of artificial neural network in predicting the trend of desertification processes by using GIS (Case study: Dehloran plain, Ilam)
Soraya Yaghoobi Marzban Faramarzi Haji Karimi Javad Sarvarian

Desertification is recognized as a main problem in the arid and semi-arid areas. Therefore, identification and prediction of the effective factors in development of desertification are very important for better management of these areas. The main purpose of this study w More

Desertification is recognized as a main problem in the arid and semi-arid areas. Therefore, identification and prediction of the effective factors in development of desertification are very important for better management of these areas. The main purpose of this study was evaluating the accuracy of an artificial neural network model for predicting the desertification process and selects the most effective criteria on desertification in the Dehloran plain by using the Iranian model for desertification potential assessment (IMDPA). In IMDPA model, water and climatic were selected as effective factors in desertification. In this model, three indicators for climate criteria; annual precipitation, drought index (Standardized precipitation index; SPI and continued drought and for water criteria; ground water table depletion, sodium absorption ratio, Cl, electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids were evaluated. Each index was rated using of IMDPA model. Then desertification intensity and criteria maps were prepared using a geometric average for predicting period in ArcGIS®9.3. Final data were entered into neural network to predict. The results showed that the neural network model has a high efficiency for predicting the desertification process in the study area. The accuracy of the model was about 80% and mean square error (MSe) was less than one. In addition, the climate factor and the index of EC were found the most effective variables for predicting the desertification process. In 2015-2016 predicted the most important probable criteria affecting the intensity of desertification were  climate  and water with weighted average 2 (moderate in sub-class1, 2 and 3), 1.84 (moderate in sub-class 1and 2), respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

46 - Assessment of desertification intensity using IMDPA method (Case study: Dashte Abbas, Ilam)
Maryam Mombeni Abdol Ali Karamshahi Farzad Azadnia Parviz Garaee Kamran Karimi

The aim of this study was assessed desertification potential of the Dashte Abbas in the semiarid region of Ilam provience18028.8 hectares by using the Iranian model of desertification potential assessment (IMDPA) on soil and vegetation cover indicators. The geometric av More

The aim of this study was assessed desertification potential of the Dashte Abbas in the semiarid region of Ilam provience18028.8 hectares by using the Iranian model of desertification potential assessment (IMDPA) on soil and vegetation cover indicators. The geometric average for each index including effective soil depth, soil texture, electrical conductivity of soil, percent of gravel, the operation of the plant, the revitalization of vegetation and vegetation condition was obtained using ArcGIS®9.3 and the status map of each criteria was prepared. Finally, by combining and determination of geometric mean desertification intensity map was obtained. The desertification intensity map based on soil criteria demonstrated that over 4843 hectares (28.86% of the total area) and 13185 hectares (73.13% of the total area) has been taken in low and moderate classes, respectively. Also the obtained results from geometric average of vegetation cover criteria indices showed that 7005.99 hectares (38.86% of the total area) in the lower classes and 407.45 hectares (2.26% of the total area) and 10615.35 hectares (58.88% of the total area) has been taken in moderation and Severe classes, respectively. The results of the assessment the considered Catteries indicating that vegetation cover criteria with values of 2.6 is the most influential criteria in the severity of desertification in the study area. Accordingly, it can be said that the quantitative value of the desertification intensity of the total area has been taken in moderate class. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

47 - Extensive ecotourism modeling by using GIS (Case study: Venaii, Boroujerd)
Ali Ariapour Moslem Hadidi Elahe Karami Golnaz Kheradmand Masoud Goudarzi

The aim of this study was extensive ecotourism modeling in the Venaii Basin of Boroujerd County in Lorestan province. Also the determination of suitability classes, delete of barriers to the suitability and the priority of affecting factors on suitability were second ai More

The aim of this study was extensive ecotourism modeling in the Venaii Basin of Boroujerd County in Lorestan province. Also the determination of suitability classes, delete of barriers to the suitability and the priority of affecting factors on suitability were second aims. This study was conducted in 2015 based on literature, questioner and field data. At the first affecting factors on ecotourism ware ranked by Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) according to standard questionnaire, tourism comments, expert view points and literature review. Then incorporated and combined spatial and attribute layers corresponding to each factor such as topographic maps, satellite images, sharing date by county officials and basic maps in ArcGIS®9.3 software. Investigated factors fall into two main categories physical and non-physical. Totally 12 factors investigated according to kind of extensive ecotourism and then prepared maps based on priority. Results show that two main factors have equal value based on AHP method. Additionally, results pointed out that in physical factors, soil sensitive is the most important factor and road accessibility is less significant with 0.22 and 0.01 ranks respectively. Inconsistency was 0.4 that show logic comparatives. There was no difference priority between plant and animal diversity and land uses in non-physical factors in which show had equal indexes. Regions categorized into three sections based on the FAO method from very suit (S1) to low suit (S3). In addition, this study result appears practically useful for the development of tourism facilities and ecotourism resource utilization: First, for the highly suitable areas with S1 class (2150 ha, 36.66%), most of which are located in the mountain areas characterized by slopes and height. Low suitable in some part of the area which located on hills and low height was about 1235 ha (21.07%). Because of extensive ecotourism there was no any limitation to develop. Overall must attend that village development and decrease of plant cover cause negative effect on diversity and the degradation of nature and also region pollution. This unusual development cause less potential ecotourism in the future that must decision making. On the other hand, if create a shelter in suite location middle of the way to pick it will encourage to climbing. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

48 - Groundwater resource potential of Azna-Aligoudarz plain using environmental variables and frequency ratio (FR) model
Samira Ghorbani Nejad Mania Daneshfar Omid Rahmati Fateme Fallah Ali Haghizade Naser Tahmasebipour

Population increase and excessive use of different water resources, has led to special attention to groundwater resources. In this study, the efficiency of frequency ratio model in groundwater potential mapping in Azna-Aligoudarz plain, Lorestan was investigated. The 11 More

Population increase and excessive use of different water resources, has led to special attention to groundwater resources. In this study, the efficiency of frequency ratio model in groundwater potential mapping in Azna-Aligoudarz plain, Lorestan was investigated. The 11 effective  groundwater  potential  factors, (altitude, lithology, curvature, slope, aspect, land use, distance from rivers, drainage density, fault distance, fault density, pedology, topographic wetness index; TWI) were prepared using GIS. The location of 370 wells  in the study area with discharge more than 11 (m3/h) was choosed and were divided in two groups of training (70%) and validation (30%) wells. Then the layers of environmental variables were classified and based on the density of wells and frequency ratio model, the weight of each class was determined. Finally, the groundwater potential map was prepared based on the frequency ratio model. Validation of final map was performed using relative operating characteristic (ROC) method. The result shows that the generated groundwater potential map using frequency ratio with 72.1% accuracy value, showed the high ability of this model in groundwater potential mapping. The groundwater potential map of the region showed that classes with a low, moderate, high and very high potential have been estimated to be 210.79, 210.24, 210.29  and 209.24 km2, respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

49 - Assessment of Desertification using the MEDALUS model (Case study: the lands of west Ahvaz)
Abdol-Reza Kazeminia Kazem Rangzan Mehdi Mahmoud Abadi

According to the concept of desertification, which is land degradation in dry areas, the semi-arid, and dry sub-humid due to many factors such as climate change and human activities, this phenomenon has long been known as a serious problem in terms of economic, social, More

According to the concept of desertification, which is land degradation in dry areas, the semi-arid, and dry sub-humid due to many factors such as climate change and human activities, this phenomenon has long been known as a serious problem in terms of economic, social, and environmental in many countries. In this study, by using a MEDALUS model the severity of land desertification in the western regions of Ahvaz was evaluated. Climate, vegetation, soil, and land use data are used as effective criteria in determining the severity of desertification. According to the MEDALUS model, each criterion entered the GIS environment as an information layer and after the data is processed, these criteria are weighted. By combining these criteria in raster formats, using geometric averaging, the Environmentally Sensitive Areas Index (ESAI) of the area is obtained. The results show that based on the MEDALUS model the area of the study contains four divisions; (C1) low, (C2) moderate, (C3) high, and (C4) very high critical. The results also showed that 11% of the area was in a low critical class, 30% in the moderate, 25% in high, and 29% of the very high critical class. A climate criterion with the index value of 2.6 has the greatest impact, which is due to strong winds and increasing number of storms and dusty days. Land use criterion with the index value of 1.5 has the minimal impact, which is due to inappropriate land use and implementation of desertification projects in the region. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

50 - Forest road network designing for tourism development in Arasbaran protected area using GIS
Manijeh Talebi Baris Majnounian Majid Makhdoum Ehsan Abdi Mahmoud Omid

Access routes are the basic requirements to access recreational areas and tourism planning. The purpose of this study is designing and evaluating of forest road network in order to select the optimal road network for tourism development in Arasbaran protected area. For More

Access routes are the basic requirements to access recreational areas and tourism planning. The purpose of this study is designing and evaluating of forest road network in order to select the optimal road network for tourism development in Arasbaran protected area. For this purpose, recreational suitable areas were evaluated and identified using Makhdoum systemic methods and Multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network. In order to prepare the road passing suitability map, effective criteria for road designing have been standardized with the fuzzy logic method and combined according to the relative importance obtained from the analytical hierarchy process. Then, the road network options were designed for access to recreational areas in the GIS environment and evaluated in terms of technical, environmental and socioeconomic. The results of the tourism suitable area assessment showed sections of the region have a capability for intensive recreation class 2 (0.17%), and extensive recreation class 2 (10.09%). According to the weighting results by criteria, slope criterion with a value 0.289 and height criterion with a value 0.033 have the highest and the lowest weight, respectively. Overall, 14 road network variants were designed and based on the final evaluation, variant 7 was selected as the optimal option with density 3.34 m/ha, accessibility (hard) 64.68% and minimum cost and environmental impacts. Therefore, taking into account the cost and environmental impacts and using GIS capabilities, it is possible principle design of the road network, and as a result the development of existing access roads in order to develop tourism in the area. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

51 - Identification and differentiating of geomorphology facies of Sabzevar region using Remote sensing and GIS
Esmaeil Silakhori Majid Ownegh

Geomorphological landscapes are the foundations of natural resources investigations of the watersheds. Because these landscapes are affected by many factors such as climate, soil, hydrology, ecology, geology and so on. In this survey, Sabzevar region with diverse geomor More

Geomorphological landscapes are the foundations of natural resources investigations of the watersheds. Because these landscapes are affected by many factors such as climate, soil, hydrology, ecology, geology and so on. In this survey, Sabzevar region with diverse geomorphological processes from mountain to play is selected in order to be identified and classified using RS and GIS. For this purpose, a combination of both overlaying and photomorphic units visual interpretation methods was used. In the overlaying method, slope, elevation and geological maps were prepared and classified. In visual interpretation, the TM 5 sensor satellite images were used. After preprocessing of images, the PCA, OIF index, FCC, HS, NDVI index techniques was used to separate photomorphic units with the aid of the Google Earth. Finally, 4 units, 10 types, and 96 facies (in 261 replications) were separated. Statistical analysis using Chi-square test showed that there was a significant difference at the 99% level among the area of desertification units, types, and facies the confirming suitable spatial separation of the area. Pediment unit (50.97%), lower pediment type (25.97%) and alluvial fan facies with tunnel erosion (375.43ha) had the highest spatial distribution in Sabzevar region. Finally, it can be concluded that the overlaying method is not suitable for deserts and using a combination of visual interpretation method can fix this defect and increase the accuracy of the output map. The mentioned map can be used for development and implementation of land capability, natural resources and combating desertification projects. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

52 - Assessing the suitability and quality zoning of groundwater resources of Naqadeh plain for drinking, agriculture, and industrial purposes
Faiba Sadeghi Aghdam Ata Allah Nadiri Asghar Asgharai Moghaddam Esfendiar Abbas Novinpour

The Aquifer of Naqadeh plain, located in the southwestern part of Urmia Lake, providing water supply of the area. In order to evaluate and classify water resources quality, 33 samples were taken from operational wells in June 2016. Hydrogeochemical characteristics and c More

The Aquifer of Naqadeh plain, located in the southwestern part of Urmia Lake, providing water supply of the area. In order to evaluate and classify water resources quality, 33 samples were taken from operational wells in June 2016. Hydrogeochemical characteristics and concentration of heavy metals, major and minor ions were measured by means of standard methods. Feasibility studies for various consumption of groundwater were investigated using graphical methods and quality criteria of Schuler (drinking), Wilcox (agriculture) and Langelier (industrial) classification. Based on the available information, the spatial distribution of the effective parameters using GIS and geostatistical interpolation method (Kriging) was applied to generate water quality zoning maps. In this regard, the final maps of quality, zoning were prepared after creating the raster layers of the effective parameters, classification, and integration. According to the results the hardness degree of drinking water of all samples was high, and also the concentration of some parameters was more than drinking (WHO) and agriculture (FAO) water standard, so inappropriate quality of these resources should be considered. The evaluation of industrial water quality showed scaling property of 61% and corrosive property of 39% of samples. In addition, the agricultural water quality illustrated that 46% and 39% of water samples were placed in good and average quality, respectively. Analyzing the quality, zoning maps with geological information, land use and distribution of industrial units were carried out in the plain and the results show that quality of groundwater is inappropriate mainly in the northern and eastern parts of the plain. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

53 - Evaluation of of DEMs to the modeling of the potential of gully erosion using Maxent model (Case study: Semirom catchment in the south of Isfahan Province, Iran)
Reza Zakerinejad

10.30495/girs.2020.674955

Background and ObjectiveGully erosion is a type of water erosion that occurs in many climate areas, from arid to humid areas. This type of soil loss causes the displacement and destruction of soil surface horizons by the accumulation of runoff. In many parts of Iran, in More

Background and ObjectiveGully erosion is a type of water erosion that occurs in many climate areas, from arid to humid areas. This type of soil loss causes the displacement and destruction of soil surface horizons by the accumulation of runoff. In many parts of Iran, in the north, south and central faced with this type of soil loss.  In fact, gully erosion occurs in this area due to the complex topography, erodible soils, mismanagement of soil and land use/land cover. Therefore, in order to protect the soil in these areas, it is necessary that a susceptible map should be available to the managers and policymakers. Many parameters affect the occurrence of gullu erosion, including soil, geology, tectonics, hydrology, land use, vegetation and topography, that have been mentioned in various studies around the world. The topographic indices are the most important parameters in the event of gully erosion, which operates differently in each region according to the physical characteristics of the areas. This parameter also indirectly affects the other indicators or criteria (for example, its impact on the vegetation, climate and soil of the area). Even there are many researches on the gully erosion, but there are only a few studies on the modelling with applying the stochastic approaches. This study is the first attempt to the modelling of gully erosion in the central of Iran with applying the maximum Entropy model and topographic indices that have been applied with using the free of charge of digital elevation model. This study uses a new approach to preparing the susceptibility map of gully erosion in the Semirom catchment in the South of Isfahan province. This area is affected by different types of water erosion, same as; gully, rill and landslide. Also, the purpose of this research is to compare the accuracy of two digital elevation model, ASTER and SRTM with 30 m resolution, (DEM) from USGS website, for the modelling of gully erosion in the study area. The emphasis of this research was on the topography indices because it has most important on the event of gully erosion. Materials and MethodsIn this research for the prediction of the susceptible areas in the result of the main type of gully erosion, the following steps have been applied; In the first step the locations of some sampled gullies, have been digitized randomly with using the Google Earth (GE) images, aerial photos and fieldwork in polygon shapes for each gully. Subsequently, we converted the polygons and into equally spaced points. In the second step, we determine the most important criteria as the environment layers for the modeling. These topography indices including, wetness Index (TWI), curvature, profile curvature, slope, aspect, catchment area, flow length, elevation, slope, LS factor, Stream Power Index (SPI). The topographic indices have been extracted in SAGA GIS from the SRTM DEM with 30m spatial resolution and were then converted to the ASCII format to run in the model.  Before applying the indices, the DEM was preprocessed with low pass filtering to extract artefacts and errors, like local noise and with using ArcGIS. Subsequently, the DEM was hydrologically corrected eliminating sinks using the algorithm proposed by Planchon & Darboux. The Maximum Entropy Model is a general-purpose method for making predictions or inferences from incomplete information. MEM explores applications in diverse areas such as astronomy, portfolio optimization, image reconstruction, statistical physics and signal processing. The idea of Maxent is to estimate a target probability. In fact, this model needs only the gullies feature (present data). The advantages of this model include the following; It requires only presence data together with environmental information for the whole study area. It can utilize both continuous and categorical data and can incorporate interactions between different variables. Results and Discussion With applying the Maxent model in the Semirom catchment, it was trained using 70% of the mapped points of gully features as the target or dependent variable and 30% of the mapped gully as testing samples. The raster type of environmental layers (topographic indices) as the independent variable. The validity of the model used in this study was assessed using the level below ROC or Area Under Curve (AUC). The ROC curve was automatically generated by running this model for both training and testing data. The AUC for training data for SRTM and ASTER is 0.64 and 0.72 respectively and also for testing is 0.68 and 0.72 respectively. These results indicate that the SRTM elevation model has higher accuracy than the ASTER DEM. One of the reasons for the low accuracy of the ASTER DEM can be due to the impact of vegetation, which has caused terrace-like errors, while in the SRTM DEM, due to the radar nature of the waves, this error is reduced and a more accurate map of this the model has been prepared.  Our results show that SPI index with 40.3% contribution, elevation with 22.7% and convergence with 18% are the most important factors for the zoning of the susceptible areas. Regarding the predicted map of the potential of gully erosion, the area in the central and south of the study area are in the high probability. Conclusion This study applied the Maxent model to map the susceptibility of gully erosion in the Semirom catchment in the Isfahan Province, using various topographic effective factors and the Maxent model. Stochastic approaches like statistical mechanics provide a powerful tool to study the relations between locations of gully erosion features and corresponding environmental characteristics. The result of this study can be used for land-use planning and management of the areas with gully erosion for sustainable development in the prone areas. Although the results of this study show the prominent role of the topographic indicators for the prediction of the potential gully map, to increase the accuracy of the modeling results, in the furture researches the other criteria such as land use, vegetation and used soil, etc according to the availability of information to can be applied. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

54 - Using a hybrid model of 3D GIS and meta-heuristic methods for optimizing tree shade coverage
Mohsen Ghods Hossein Aghamohammadi Zanjirabad Alireza Vafaeinezhad Saeed Behzadi Alireza Gharagozlo

10.30495/girs.2021.680238

Background and ObjectiveA method to reduce the absorption of solar radiation and prevent the creation of urban heat islands is to increase shade by vegetation. A shadow creating on buildings, causes houses to cool down, reduces energy consumption and costs, increases th More

Background and ObjectiveA method to reduce the absorption of solar radiation and prevent the creation of urban heat islands is to increase shade by vegetation. A shadow creating on buildings, causes houses to cool down, reduces energy consumption and costs, increases the value of houses, and creates a proper visual effect and a sense of well-being and vitality. Although economically, the amount of savings due to shade and cooling of the air for a tree during its lifetime in different climatic regions is different and depends on the type of tree, the amount of shade during the day and in different seasons of the year, but its effect on energy savings and costs are definite.  The subject of the present study is strategic planning to increase the shade coverage of trees in urban residential areas. A simple way to create plenty of shade is to plant numerous trees around buildings. However, this method is impractical in many areas that face water shortages due to its high costs. In addition, the presence of additional shadows on the rooftop of the buildings will reduce the ability to be exposed to sunlight and the potential of using solar panels to generate electricity. So the main challenge is using a method that can provide maximum shade coverage on the facade surface and minimum shadow coverage on the rooftop with a few trees in optimal locations. The issue of locating trees with the aim of optimizing shade coverage, i.e. maximizing shade coverage on facades and opening components, and minimizing shadow coverage on the rooftop, is a Non-deterministic Polynomial hard (NP-hard) problem and has no exact solution. Therefore, the 3D Geographic Information System and the Ant Colony Optimization algorithm have been used for this purpose. Previous studies have often examined the effects of tree canopy shade on a single building. But in most cities in Iran, buildings are connected together and form a building block. So, instead of a single building, a building block is examined. In addition, in most previous studies, the effect of shade coverage of a maximum of two trees on the building has been investigated; while in this study, we examine the effect of shade coverage of 15 trees on the building block. None of the studies on optimizing the shade of trees on the facade of the building has used the meta-heuristic optimization methods and its combination with GIS. In this study, a hybrid model of GIS in a three-dimensional environment and ACO is used for maximizing the shade of trees on the facade and opening components of buildings, and minimizing the shade of trees on the rooftop.Materials and Methods Two types of data are required to perform the analysis; The building block properties, for example, dimensions, position, and size of the facade, rooftop, and opening components, and the tree properties (height and position). 3D GIS and ACO algorithms have been used to model tree shade coverage optimization. 3D GIS provides abilities for storing, analyzing, and creating 3D topologies, and ACO is used to summarize real-world conditions in a mathematical problem. GIS and trigonometric rules have been used to store geographical information and spatial topology. After storing the position, composition, and description information of 2D and 3D objects by topological data, Duffie and Beckman relations (2013) is used to extract the position of the shadow. Then, according to Church and Revelle, the Maximal Covering Location Problem (MCLP) is defined. For the following 3 reasons, ACO has been used for three-dimensional optimization; 1) The complex trigonometric rules in calculating the shadow coverage on buildings, 2) There is no deterministic solution for optimization problems because of nonlinear constraints including trigonometric functions, 3) The existence of continuous space around the building block that It is possible to place a tree in any position. The details of the steps are; 1) Define the set of possible locations for the tree based on the height, diameter of the canopy, and around space of the building block, 2) Use a method to place the first tree in all possible places around the building block during hot hours on certain days of the summer and calculate the maximum shade coverage on the building block based on the weight of the building components, 3) Remove the places that may be done in the tree canopy to prevent overlapping of tree canopies, 4) Repeat steps 2 and 3 to place the next trees in the possible places around the building block until the number of trees reaches the desired number of trees to create shade. Considering the infinite possible positions, a simplification step is required to limit the number of available positions. Therefore, the constant space is reduced to possible positions for locating Ni trees with two-meter spacing in the N-S and E-W directions. Further, the possible tree positions in front of the opening components are eliminated to make daylight available, have an outlook from the building, and comment through the doors. The minimum spacing of two meters between the trees and the building is set to prevent unnecessary shading on the rooftop.Results and Discussion MATLAB environment is used to optimize the shade coverage of trees using the ACO algorithm. For this purpose, properties of the buildings block such as length, width, height, are modeled in a struct in MATLAB. This struct has separate matrices for the north, east, south, and west views of the building block. Another matrix is also used to model the rooftop. Each element of the mentioned matrices is equal to 10× 10 cm from the surface of the building block and has a value of zero. To model the dimensions and location of doors and windows in each facade, another struct includes separate matrices for each facade is used. In these matrices, the amount of elements in the location of doors and windows is one. The characteristics of the sun in the study area are used, including azimuth and altitude of the sun on the studied days in 15-minute intervals from 9 to 15 hours.  The shadow is created on building components, by placing the tree in any of the possible locations, and movement of the sun. The elements of the matrices equivalent to the shaded building components change from zero to one. The sum of the values of the matrix elements determines the amount of shadow created by the tree on each component of the building. The sum of the point multiplication of the door/window matrix elements in the facade matrix elements determines the amount of shadow created on the doors/windows. The objective function is defined and the ACO algorithm is used to maximize the shadow coverage of trees on the facade, doors/windows, and minimize the shadow coverage on the rooftop. The results of the ACO show that the optimal shade coverage on the buildings block, which creates the most shade on the facade and doors and windows and the least shade on the roof, depends on the number of trees and the position of the doors and windows in buildings block. In general, as the number of trees increases, the amount of shadow created on the building block components increases.Conclusion The results of the ACO showed that for buildings, in the northern hemisphere, the trees in the north of the buildings have no effect on casting shadows on the components of the building. Due to the fact that in arid and tropical regions there are restrictions on planting trees, finding a suitable position for trees plays an important role in optimizing the shade coverage. Due to the high heat transfer through the doors and windows compared to the facade and rooftop, the higher weight is considered for these components in the objective function. Finding the optimal position of the trees depends a lot on the position of the doors and windows in the building to create the most shadow on these components. For a buildings block with the number and dimensions of buildings assumed in the research and according to the dimensions and position of doors and windows, planting a tree in one of the positions K10, K16, K22, or K28 creates the most optimal shade. These positions are 2 meters from south of the buildings and in the middle of two windows. On average, this tree provides 7.48, 9.22, and 0.85% shade respectively on the facade, doors /windows, and rooftop from 9 to 15 o'clock in four days studied. In the case of planting two trees, two positions from positions K10, K16, K22, or K28 still provide the optimal shade. On average, these two trees provide 13.88%, 18.64%, and 1.69% of shade respectively on the whole facade, doors /windows, and rooftop at 9:00 AM to 3:00 PM. In the case of three trees, positions K8, K18, and K22, in the case of four trees, positions K14, K20, K26, and K32, in the case of five trees, positions K8, K14, K20, K26, and K32 create the optimal shadow. Shading coverage in the case of three trees, is 21.07, 28.54, and 2.54%, respectively on the facade, doors/windows, and rooftop, in the case of four trees, is 24.96, 35.36 and 3.39% respectively on the façade, doors/windows, and rooftop and in the case of five trees is 33.26, 44.70 and 3.95% respectively on the facade, doors/windows, and rooftop. By planting five trees, more than 88% of the south façade and more than 90% of the south façade doors/windows of the building will be covered with shade. However, due to the goal of optimizing the shadow on the building and the greater weight of the doors and windows, the ACO has optimized the position of the trees in such a way that more surfaces of the doors and windows are exposed to the shadows. Due to the fact that in the case of five trees, 90% of the southern facade is in the shade of trees, in the case of six trees, in addition to the southern facade, the eastern and western facades are also considered for planting trees. So that the positions K8, K14, K20, and K30 are chosen in the distance of 2 meters from the south and the position of H2 is chosen in the distance f 2 meters from the west, and the position of H36 is chosen in the distance of 2 meters from the east. On average, these trees provide 33.95%, 42.29%, and 3.64% shade respectively on the facade, doors/windows, and rooftop. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

55 - Identification of villages at risk of subsidence in Ardabil plain using fuzzy-network analysis in GIS
Bahram Imani Jafar Jafarzadeh

10.30495/girs.2022.683833

Background and Objective In recent years, due to climate change and drought, as well as the lack of supervision in digging agricultural wells, many of the country's aquifers have been harvested improperly, which has led to a negative balance of these aquifers to the ext More

Background and Objective In recent years, due to climate change and drought, as well as the lack of supervision in digging agricultural wells, many of the country's aquifers have been harvested improperly, which has led to a negative balance of these aquifers to the extent that, according to the Geological Survey, most of the country's plains have experienced a drop in groundwater levels. Today, the study, planning and planning to reduce the risks of natural hazards is one of the main issues of officials and planners of countries. One of the hazards that are less considered due to gradual performance is the phenomenon of subsidence, which in recent years due to increased use of important aquifers in the plains of the country has become a pervasive problem. In this research, an attempt has been made to investigate the possibility of subsidence and its possible dangers as a threat to human projects as well as rural settlements in the Ardabil plain.tpMaterials and Methods The study area of Ardabil plain is located between the latitude of thirty-eight degrees and thirty minutes north latitude to thirty-eight degrees and thirty minutes and the longitude of east geography forty-eight degrees and fifteen minutes to forty-eight degrees and thirty-five minutes in the northwestern part of Ardabil province. To investigate the groundwater status of the plain, data from 38 observation wells prepared by the Ardabil Regional Water Organization and located at the plain level have been used. First, using 30-year statistics of 65 observation wells and GIS, a water potential drop map for the region was prepared. Then, using fuzzy Dematel model, experts' opinions were collected and modeled. This method is one of the conceptual methods for structuring decision problems. The Dematel technique is based on graph theory, and in this way we can divide the criteria into two groups of cause and effect criteria to gain a better understanding of the cause-and-effect relationship and finally be able to create a network of interrelationships. Finally, after creating the general relationship matrix and according to the defined threshold size, we create the final relationship matrix in which the number zero means no relationship and the number one means the relationship between two criteria. Using the final relations matrix, we conduct a survey of experts on the extent to which factors affect each other with respect to their interdependence. After the data was obtained from the relevant organizations, a database was created for the information in the ArcCatalog software environment, and then maps related to this data were created in ArcGIS software. After the weights of the different layers were obtained using the fuzzy network analysis method, they entered the ArcGIS software and multiplied the weights of each sub-criterion in the map we created for each layer and finally gathered the maps together to get a final map Came. The final map shows the areas of Ardabil plain that are classified in terms of subsidence risk and in five categories in terms of danger status were shown with color spectrum. Then, the area with severe water loss was selected and compared with the scattering map of deep wells. In the last step, using advanced and fuzzy hybrid models and network analysis in the software environment of GIS, each of the layers of sediment sensitivity and water level drop membership is determined and using fuzzy linear overlap, the area sensitivity map to subsidence in five classes of very sensitivity High, high sensitivity, medium sensitivity, low sensitivity and very low sensitivity were prepared. To prepare the final map of subsidence risk status in Ardabil plain, first the obtained weights for each sub-factor were multiplied in the fuzzy maps of that sub-factor and then these weighted maps were aggregated using the Raster Calculator tool. The final fuzzy map of subsidence risk assessment of Ardabil plain is changing with the color spectrum changes from blue, which represents the lowest, to red, which represents the highest. The blue color indicates low risk areas and the red color indicates high risk areas in terms of subsidence risk in Ardabil plain and villages located in this area.Results and Discussion After obtaining the initial plan to assess the subsidence risk status and areas at risk of subsidence in Ardabil plain, the final map to assess the status of Ardabil plain in terms of land subsidence risk has been prepared according to the weights and layers obtained. Since all the base layer maps were reclassified into five layers and the weight corresponding to each layer was given according to the condition of the layers, the final map was classified and weighted into five layers, which according to experts and professors is as follows; 1) Low risk areas, 2) Medium risk areas, 3) High risk, 4) Damaged areas, 5) Critical areas. Finally, using the final map of Ardabil plain subsidence risk assessment, as well as the ranking obtained from the opinions of relevant experts, the final map of Ardabil plain subsidence risk analysis was prepared. Also, the map of deep wells in Ardabil plain and its distribution in rural areas, it can be seen that the highest distribution and concentration of deep wells in the eastern part of the plain is in Wilkij e Markazi and Fooladloo e Shomali villages. This situation shows the scattering position of deep wells showing the proportionality of the scattering of deep wells in areas at risk of subsidence.Conclusion Wilkij e Markazi, Fooladloo e Shomali, and Fooladloo e Sharghi have the highest levels of vulnerability in terms of subsidence risk status. The critical situation of landslide risk is the highest in these three villages. Also, Kalkhoran and Aghbalagh Aqajan Khan villages are moving from a moderate to a vulnerable situation, which requires more care in managing and planning the water resources of these villages. Also, there is a strong relationship between the distribution of deep wells in the Ardabil plain and areas at high risk of subsidence. Also, according to the results obtained the groundwater status sub-criterion with a weight of 0.38 has the greatest impact on the subsidence risk of Ardabil plain. This weight shows the high impact of this sub-criterion by examining other layers related to groundwater status and population dispersion layer. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

56 - Comparative evaluation of landslide susceptibility map using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy methods
Ali Dastranj Hamzeh Noor

10.30495/girs.2021.680132

Background and ObjectiveAmong many natural hazards, landslides are one of the most widespread and destructive. Due to the high mountainous topography, tectonic activity, high seismicity, diverse geological and climatic conditions, basically, Iran has a natural condition More

Background and ObjectiveAmong many natural hazards, landslides are one of the most widespread and destructive. Due to the high mountainous topography, tectonic activity, high seismicity, diverse geological and climatic conditions, basically, Iran has a natural condition for creating a wide range of landslides and these landslides annually cause both life loss and financial damage to the country. Since it is difficult to predict the timing of landslides, identifying susceptible areas to landslides, and zoning these areas based on potential risk are highly important. Therefore landslide-prone areas need to be identified in order to reduce such damage. In this respect, landslide susceptibility assessment can provide valuable information essential for hazard mitigation. The main goal of landslide susceptibility analysis is to identify dangerous and high-risk areas and thus reduce landslide damage through suitable mitigation measures. Since the exact prediction of landslides occurrence isn’t possible by human sciences, thus, we can prevent the damages of this phenomenon by identification of landslide susceptible areas and prioritizing them. Binalood Mountain in Khorasan Razavi Province, Due to its geological location, geomorphology, topography, climate, vegetation, has kinds of mass movement. The results of these studies can be used as fundamental information by environmental managers and planners. Landslide hazard zonation was challenged by several researchers in recent years. In order to provide landslide hazard, zonation maps various methods such as Fuzzy logic, statistic methods and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) can be used. Since the early 1970s, many scientists have attempted to assess landslide hazards and produced hazard zonation maps portraying their spatial distribution by applying many different GIS-based methods. Different models and methods have been proposed to produce Landslide hazard zonation. The aim of this study is to develop and compare detailed landslide susceptibility maps (LSM) for Binalood Mountain, using Fuzzy and AHP methods in the framework of the GIS. Materials and Methods The study area is the northern and southern slopes of the Binalood Mountains that are located in the Khorasan Razavi Province. The present study area fallows under 36 ° 1' to 36 ° 15' north latitudes and 58° 38' to 59 ° 35' east longitudes. According to Geological, Geomorphologic, Hydrological, Climatic, Human and Environmental characteristics of the study area and using comparative studies and results of other researchers, 20 criteria and sub-criteria were identified to achieve the goals. The needed Layers of landslide hazard zonation were prepared using ArcGIS software. These layers are slope, aspect, altitude classes, geology, distance from the river, river density, distance from the road, road density, distance from the fault, fault density, morphological units, topographic indexes (stream power index (SPI), topographic wetness index (TWI) and slope length index (LS)), geomorphological indexes (topographic position index (TPI), topographic roughness index (TRI) and surface curvature index, land use, isothermal lines, and Rainfall lines. Thun, The landslide inventory map has been created in the study area. Subsequently, landslide susceptibility maps were produced using Fuzzy Logic and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) models. After preparing the layers, the next step was to assign weight values to the raster layers, and to the classes of each layer, respectively. This step was realized with the use of the AHP method. So, the landslide hazard zonation map of the study area was presented using weight exertion of factors in their layers and integration of them by Arc GIS software. In the Fuzzy method, after fuzzyizing the layers in the ArcGIS environment, the landslide risk zoning was performed using fuzzy gamma 0.8. For verification, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn and the areas under the curve (AUC) were calculated. Finally, the ratio of the percentage of landslides was in each zone to the percentage of the total area of the zone was calculated. Results and Discussion The results of weighting the parameters affecting the landslide using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) showed that geological, slope, and fault factors have the greatest impact on the occurrence of landslide risk in the study area, respectively. The class of very high and high susceptibility covers 47.8% of the total area in the landslide susceptibility map generated with the AHP model. Low and moderate susceptible classes make up 13.4 and 38.8% of the total area, respectively. According to the landslide susceptibility map based on the Fuzzy Method, 27.7% of the total area was determined to be very high and high susceptibility to landslide. Low and moderate susceptible classes constitute 56.8%, and 15.5% of the area, respectively. The AUC values were 0.817 and 0.752 for AHP and Fuzzy models and the training accuracy was 81.7 and 75.2%, respectively. It can be concluded that both models utilized in this study showed reasonably good accuracy in predicting the landslide susceptibility of the study area. Finally, the ratio of the percentage of landslides was ineach zone to the percentage of the total area of zone showed the NRi values in each susceptible class for the AHP model more than the Fuzzy method. The larger ratio in the AHP method indicates its better consistency than the Fuzzy method, implying more coverage of landslides in a smaller area by the AHP method. This result represents the better accuracy of the AHP method than the Fuzzy method in the landslide susceptibility map. Conclusion In this study, the most widely accepted models, AHP and Fuzzy were used for producing Landslide Susceptibility Map (LSM) and their performances were compared. The LSMs were divided into five landslide susceptibility classes. The performance of the resulting LSMs was verified by the ROC curves and Numerical Ratio (NRi). The results show that the AHP and Fuzzy models are successful estimators. The map produced by the AHP model exhibited a slightly better result for landslide susceptibility mapping in the study area. These two techniques may be characterized by incorporating a wide range of conditioning factors. Also, they can discriminate the causative factors for understanding the importance of each factor. The interpretation of the susceptibility map indicates that geological, slope, and fault play major roles in landslide occurrence and distribution in the study area. The landslide susceptibility maps like the one produced in this study should provide a valuable tool for the use of planners and engineers for reorganizing or planning new programs. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

57 - Preparation of curve number map and estimation of runoff height using geographic information system and remote sensing in North Karun Basin
Sayed Hussein Roshun Mahmoud Habibnejad Roshan Kaka Shahedi Jarosław Chormański

10.30495/girs.2022.685143

Background and Objective North Karun watershed is one of the important sub-basins of the Great Karun River basin. In recent years, the occurrence of severe downstream floods in this basin has caused a lot of human and financial losses. Estimating the amount of runoff pr More

Background and Objective North Karun watershed is one of the important sub-basins of the Great Karun River basin. In recent years, the occurrence of severe downstream floods in this basin has caused a lot of human and financial losses. Estimating the amount of runoff produced by rainfall is the main step in conducting a study on flood control and mitigation. Runoff estimation is one of the most important steps in the study of watershed hydrology for flood management, water resources management and soil conservation activities. Runoff is produced as a result of excess rainfall on soil infiltration and surface maintenance and depends on various factors such as physical characteristics of the basin, rainfall and infiltration. The rainfall-runoff relationship has been studied by scientists and researchers and many models have been proposed to simulate this process. One of the basic models in this field is the curved number method model that was proposed by the US Soil Conservation Service and was named the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number or SCS-CN. The SCS-CN model is one of the simple and empirical models in the field of rainfall-runoff that is widely used in estimating runoff height around the world. The curve number (CN) of each basin indicates the hydrological behaviour and runoff generation capacity of that basin during rainfall and its value is estimated from the standard table in which the soil properties with a hydrological factor that indicates the minimum infiltration rate in the long-wet state. It is the duration of the soil, it is expressed. Accordingly, the US Soil Conservation Service has divided all soils into four main groups, A, B, C and D, with high, medium, low and very low infiltration rates, respectively. Due to the high time consumed in calculating this method, traditionally and manually, researchers used remote sensing and geographical information systems technologies to calculate it. To do this, they designed an extension called ArcCN-Runoff that can be added to the GIS environment. The purpose of this study is to generate a curve mapping (CN) and estimate the runoff height in the North Karun Basin using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) technologies and the SCS-CN method.Materials and Methods North Karun watershed is one of the most important watersheds in the country in providing water resources, which is located in the geographical position of 49o 35' to 51o 47' E longitude and 30 o 28' to 32 o 40' N latitude. This basin has an area of 23299.31 Km2, which is located in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Isfahan, Khuzestan and part of Fars province. In order to produce curve number maps and estimate runoff height, first land use maps were generated using a supervised classification method using Landsat 8 satellite images of OLI sensors related to 2017 and the maximum likelihood algorithm was obtained. Then, the soil layer and soil hydrological groups of the basin were prepared based on the global soil map produced by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the SCS standard table for different soil hydrological groups. By combining land use maps and soil hydrological groups with the Perform Intersect command in the ArcCN-Runoff GIS environment, a curved number (CN) map was generated and edited and finalized based on the SCS-CN table. Finally, by generating a spatial distribution map of precipitation by IDW method at the basin level, runoff height or excess precipitation height was obtained by the SCS-CN method. The final runoff height map was divided into five categories: very low, low, medium, high and very high.Results and Discussion The results showed that a large area of the basin has a slope of more than 30%. Slope can be considered the most important physiographic factor in runoff production in watersheds. According to the land use map, the highest level of use is related to the oak forests of Zagros and rangelands. Due to the type of oak forests that have low density and also poor pastures in the basin due to overgrazing, runoff production is high in these uses. The curve number map also indicates that the maximum and minimum curve number values are in basins 98 and zero. In areas with high curve numbers, the potential for runoff production is high and these areas are related to areas with poor vegetation in the basin. Areas with high curve numbers and high runoff production are mostly related to the calcareous formations of the basin, including the Bakhtiari and Asmari formations, which have formed the high altitudes of the basin, including the Dena Mountains. Also, areas with medium and low CN are mostly related to forest and pasture uses, in which the potential for runoff production is moderate. On the other hand, due to the fact that most of the precipitation in the basin heights is snow, there is an opportunity to penetrate into the soil and as a result, the amount of runoff production is less. The calcareous formations in the basin, which form most of the Zagros highlands, penetrate rainfall through pores and fractures and feed groundwater, which is why we often encounter a large number of springs in these areas. On the other hand, the results of the runoff map indicate that the Zagros heights, which have a high slope, play a major role in runoff production. These areas are mostly located in the southern and southeastern areas of the basin, as well as northwest of the basin.Conclusion A large area of the basin has the potential to produce moderate runoff, which can lead to flooding downstream of the basin. Therefore, it is necessary to implement conservation and watershed management measures in the branches and areas where the flow occurred. Due to the fact that the basis of calculations in preparing maps of curve number and runoff height are raster layers, each pixel of which has a value, the calculations are done and the results are much closer to reality and save time and money. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

58 - Land suitability assessment model for urban development using Multi-Criteria decision-making approach and Geographic Information System (Case study: Bam)
Pooya Farhani Sahar Rezayan Mojgan Zaeimdar Seyed Ali Jozi

10.30495/girs.2021.686048

Background and Objective In recent decades, with the acceleration of urbanization and the growth of migration to cities, the physical structure of cities has undergone extensive changes. To implement these changes, regardless of the ecological capacities and requirement More

Background and Objective In recent decades, with the acceleration of urbanization and the growth of migration to cities, the physical structure of cities has undergone extensive changes. To implement these changes, regardless of the ecological capacities and requirements of sustainable urban development, cities are facing many challenges. One of these challenges is determining the appropriate areas for the physical expansion of the city for the establishment of urban development. One of the most reliable methods to determine the appropriate directions and areas for urban development by considering environmental conditions and characteristics is the land suitability assessment. Such an assessment greatly contributes to sustainable land use and solving environmental problems caused by rapid urban development. Land suitability assessment aims to identify the most appropriate spatial pattern for future land uses considering the ecological potential of the area. Since many criteria need to be considered and analyzed in the selection of appropriate lands for urban development, it is necessary to use the most effective techniques to identify the best locations for future urban expansion. The Geographic Information System is such a technique, having its most useful application in the land suitability assessment method. In setting the importance of the criteria used and computing the weights of factors, GIS tools must be integrated with other methods to improve the results. Given that, the present study attempted to evaluate the land suitability to determine suitable areas for the establishment of urban development of Bam city through the integration of the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making approach, Fuzzy Logic, and Geographic Information System.Materials and Methods To achieve the objectives of this study, with the help of a group of experts, and an extensive review of the related literature, all the criteria and sub-criteria essential to the establishment of urban development were identified as the first step. To this end, a questionnaire was designed and distributed among the group of experts and they were asked to express their opinions on the identified criteria and sub-criteria. To determine the required sample size and population, Morgan’s sampling table was employed. Consequently, 9 criteria and 13 sub-criteria were selected for the land suitability assessment in this study. Multi-Criteria Decision-Making method and Expert-Choice software were used to compare and weigh the previously determined criteria and sub-criteria. As the next step, all the data layers were standardized by the fuzzy logic method using ArcGIS software. The scale of the maps used in this research is 1:100000 and the resolution of digital layers is 90×90 meters. After assigning calculated weights to each data layer, they were overlaid using the Weighted Linear Combination method and fuzzy sum technique.Results and Discussion The results from MCDM analysis revealed that three sub-criteria namely distance from major faults, distance from drinking water wells, and soil texture had the highest weights among other factors at 0.235, 0.117, and 0.114, respectively. The inconsistency calculated for the pairwise comparison in this study was 0.07, which is below the 0.1 thresholds. Analysis of the final raster suitability map, resulting from overlaying data layers, showed that the highest and the lowest pixel values were 0.481 and 0.07, respectively. To perform a more accurate analysis, the final suitability map was classified into four suitability classes (medium, low, very low, and undevelopable) indicating that 24% of the studied area equivalent to 189965.2 hectares, categorized as having medium suitability, 34% low equivalent to 268854.3 hectares, 22% very low equivalent to 178695.7 hectares, and 20% undevelopable equivalent to 160762/3 hectares for the establishment of urban development. The medium suitable areas are mainly located in the east, northwest, and to a lesser extent in the center, mostly away from the major fault lines, while the areas of very low suitability and undevelopable are mainly located in the west and south of the area studied. Due to their proximity to protected areas, mountainous, fault lines, and hills, these areas do not demonstrate the appropriate suitability for the establishment of urban development.Conclusion This study was conducted to identify and determine suitable areas for the establishment of urban development in Bam city using a combination of the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making approach, Geographic Information System, and Fuzzy Logic technique. All the criteria and sub-criteria, used to conduct this study, have been determined using a questionnaire and considering the environmental conditions and socio-economic characteristics of the studied area. As a result, 9 criteria including water resources, climate, topography, geology, soil, areas under the Department of Environment Management, roads, population centers, and land use, and 13 sub-criteria including distance from surface and groundwater resources, climate, wind speed, slope, altitude, distance from the main faults, geology, soil texture, distance from protected areas, distance from roads, distance from built-up urban areas and land use were selected for this study. Expert Choice and ArcGIS software were employed for pairwise comparison and standardization and overlaying data layers. It was found that 24% of the studied area equivalent to 189965.2 hectares can be categorized as medium suitability for the establishment of urban development. Based on the final results, it is concluded that the integration of the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making approach, Fuzzy Logic, and Geographic Information System can provide sufficient tools to determine the areas suitable for urban development and present a detailed analysis of these areas according to the characteristics of the area for future planning. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

59 - Land use change detection using post classification comparison LandSat satellite images (Case study: land of Tehran)
Peyman Heydarian Kazem Rangzan Saeid Maleki Ayoub Taghizadeh

Knowing the ratio of landuse and how this ratio change over the time is a significant factor in landuse planning and management. By knowing how landuses change over time, we can predict future changes and do preventive and appropriate actions. The aim of this study is d More

Knowing the ratio of landuse and how this ratio change over the time is a significant factor in landuse planning and management. By knowing how landuses change over time, we can predict future changes and do preventive and appropriate actions. The aim of this study is detecting the landuse changes in the Tehran city in period of (1995-2005). Landuse maps for the mentioned years were derived from LandSat imagery and improved using AutoCAD data produced by the National Cartographic Center (NCC) and available maps. For verification produced maps, using the error matrix approach, a Kappa coefficient of 88% was achieved and after classification, change detection was carried out using comparison approach. The results of change detection with a Kappa coefficient of 91% and Cramer’s V of 88% show that the greatest increases were in built up area (4603.68 ha), parks (650.7 ha) and water level (22.32 ha) and in contrast, the greatest decreases were in open land (4561.47 ha) and vegetation cover (715.23 ha). In addition, according to the results the most changes of built up area has been occurring in the west part of Tehran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

60 - Wind farm site selection based on geospatial multi-criteria and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) (Case study: Bushehr province)
Tayebeh Tabatabaei Fazel Amiri

The aim of this paper is site selection for wind farm based on multi-criteria; climate (wind speed, dominant wind speed and temperature), geography (elevation, slope), socio-economic (distance from roads, distance from cities, distance from the villages), environmental More

The aim of this paper is site selection for wind farm based on multi-criteria; climate (wind speed, dominant wind speed and temperature), geography (elevation, slope), socio-economic (distance from roads, distance from cities, distance from the villages), environmental (distance from protected areas, landuse, distance from the river), and geological (distance from the earthquake, distance to faults) in a geographic information systems (GIS) using analytical hierarchy process (AHP) in the Bushehr province. According to the role and influence of these criteria, preferences site map is implemented in ArcGIS®10.1 software. Weight of criteria and alternative are determined using AHP in ExpertChoice2000 software. For modeling, spatial analysis and integration layers ArcGIS®10.1 setting was used and the zoning map was obtained at four different classes (very high, high, moderate and low). The results of the site suitability assessment by AHP showed that site NE located at Bushehr province was the most suitable area for locating the wind farm, with covers area of 566218 ha, 24.8% of the total area. Furthermore, the map provides the foundation for decision makers in develop the wind farm location. Finally, the results indicate that GIS as a decision support system, can also prepare the data and the model priorities and expert opinions in relation to various factors in selecting an appropriate location and design is very efficient will help to build power plants. The results indicate that the AHP than other methods of high flexibility in modeling the geospatial data on site selection of wind farm. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

61 - Recreation assessment with enhanced systematic model and GIS (Case study: Shourab forest park-Khoramabad)
Mahboubeh Yarahmadi Jafar Oladi Ghadikolaei Jahedeh Tekyekhah

In this study, suitable areas in the Shourab forest park were identified for intensive and extensive outdoor recreation using five ecological parameters (slope, aspect, height, soil and vegetative cover). The result showed that 46.447, 14.244, and 515.401 hectares of pa More

In this study, suitable areas in the Shourab forest park were identified for intensive and extensive outdoor recreation using five ecological parameters (slope, aspect, height, soil and vegetative cover). The result showed that 46.447, 14.244, and 515.401 hectares of park area have the ability of class 1 extensive outdoor recreation potential, class 2 extensive outdoor recreation potential, and class 2 intensive outdoor recreation potential respectively. Besides it was determined that  one of the problems  caused  increasing rudeness in park nature was absence of attention to all effective factors (water resources and recreation facilities) in assigning to outdoor recreation potential of the park. Therefore questionnaire and oral interview were used for evaluation of visitor's suitable usage of outdoor recreation sites. In order to preparing of water resources and park facilities' map, all area related to   water resources and park facilities were identified and recorded using GPS. Result showed people usage of the park have not conformed to classification plan. It was also showed that outdoor recreation has a direct relation to water resources, facilities, and tourism charisma of the park. Therefore, these factors were intersected as positive informational layers with primary recreation capability map and a final recreation capability map was obtained based on those factors. The final results showed that despite the high efficiency of conventional method, due to the lack of consideration of all the factors affecting on outdoor recreation,  other information layers (for example water recourses and recreation facilities) are also required in addition to ecological factors. In the last stage according to plan of final outing power, the map of development possibility was prepared in the park. The results of these maps showed that based on spatial extent for promoting regional outing based on spaciousness there are seven and three properties for first and second degree focused classes respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

62 - Tempo-spatial patterns of landscape changes and urban development (Case study: Gorgan)
Hamid Reza Kamyab Abdol-Rasoul Salman Mahini

Landscape includes a mosaic of landscape elements in a context of a major land use/cover. Much emphasis has been placed on developing methods to quantify landscape patterns in recent years. Landscape elements include various types, including urban areas and patches, whi More

Landscape includes a mosaic of landscape elements in a context of a major land use/cover. Much emphasis has been placed on developing methods to quantify landscape patterns in recent years. Landscape elements include various types, including urban areas and patches, which were used for change's identification in the current study. Any urban area has been considered a landscape patch and their patterns for the Gorgan city between the years 1987 and 2001 have been compared in this study. Number, shape and neighborhood metrics was the major groups of metrics calculated. To do so, urban areas were fed to Fargstats Software as patches. Comparison showed that development pattern in Gorgan city has led to the creation of larger and simpler patches with and less fractal dimension during the 14-years period of our study. In fact, urban growth was shown to be adhering to the previous urban patches. This is also visible to the spatial investigation of the largest patches (a complex of continues areas), such that, for example, two large patches in 1987 had been joined because of infill. Despite the tendency of urban growth around previous urban patches and in their vicinity, patches did not show a uniform distribution in the area, rather, they were irregular. This result is confirmed by the fact that the urban area has increased 2.1 times during the study period. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

63 - Landslide hazard zonation using artificial neural network (Case study: Sepiddasht-Lorestan, Iran)
Syamak Bharvand Salman Soori

This study was carried out to determine the relative hazard zonation of the slope instabilities and landslide occurrence in Sepiddasht, Iran. The method of Artificial Neural Network with the multiple-layer percepteron structure and the back propagation learning algorith More

This study was carried out to determine the relative hazard zonation of the slope instabilities and landslide occurrence in Sepiddasht, Iran. The method of Artificial Neural Network with the multiple-layer percepteron structure and the back propagation learning algorithm were used. In order to study the stability of the slopes, the landslides of the region were initially identified and recorded using satellite images of TM and ETM+, aerial images of 1:50,000, and field surveys (year, 2014). The impact of each factor including slope, aspect, land use, elevation, lithology, precipitation, the distance from the fault road and drainage on the slope instabilities was estimated using the ArcGIS®10.1 software via combining the map of the factors influencing the landslide with the landslide distribution map. Then a proper structure (1-13-9) for the landslide hazard zonation of Sepiddasht region was obtained through training the artificial neural network by MATLAB software. Based on the results of the landslide hazard zonation, 0.18, 12.41, 14.09, 29.85, and 43.52 percent of the region were located in very low, low, medium, high, and very high risk classes respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

64 - Flood hazard potential zonation of Baghan watershed using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method (FAHP)
Nematollah Nasrinnejad Kazem Rangzan Nasrollah Kalantari Azim Saberi

The aim of this research is flooded hazard potential zonation of Baghan watershed using geographic information system (GIS) and Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method (FAHP). After identifying effective factors in flood hazard (slope, digital elevation model, permeabil More

The aim of this research is flooded hazard potential zonation of Baghan watershed using geographic information system (GIS) and Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method (FAHP). After identifying effective factors in flood hazard (slope, digital elevation model, permeability, lithology, infiltration, land use, vegetation cover density, precipitation, network drainage density, distance from the stream), criteria and subcriteria weight were calculated using pairwise comparisons and experts' comments as well as FAHP. Watershed flood hazard potential was zoned and finally, the watershed was categorized into five classes based on flood hazard risk using a fuzzy gamma operator. The results of flood hazard risk zonation indicate that classes 1, 2 and 3 are generally located in mountainous areas and include about 22% (203 km2) of the region and so it can be concluded that, the 22% part of runoff yield, watershed management projects in this region are in priority. Classes 4 and 5 have less flood hazard potential in comparison to class 1, 2 and 3 and are located in slopes and taluses in mountainous areas and cover about 78% (706 km2) of the region. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

65 - A GIS, DRASTIC techniques for assessing groundwater vulnerability in Torghabeh –Shandiz watershed of Khorasan county
Mehri Entezari Fazel Amiri Tayebeh Tabatabaie

The state of groundwater pollution in Torghabeh-Shandiz watershed of Khorasan County has become a major problem, particularly in respect of the increasing population, and the agricultural, industrial and commercial development. The present work attempts to interpret the More

The state of groundwater pollution in Torghabeh-Shandiz watershed of Khorasan County has become a major problem, particularly in respect of the increasing population, and the agricultural, industrial and commercial development. The present work attempts to interpret the groundwater vulnerability of this watershed using the DRASTIC model together with the geographic information system (GIS). The data which correspond to the seven parameters (depth to water level, net recharge, aquifer media, soil media, topography, the impact of vadose zone and hydraulic conductivity) of the DRASTIC model were collected and converted into thematic maps with GIS. The study showed that the DRASTIC index shows lies in the range of 68 to 225 which were classified into five zones, very low, low, moderate, high, and very high-risk zone of groundwater contamination. The DRASTIC map illustrates that an area of 15.9% is a very low vulnerability, 20.29% low vulnerability, 26.33% moderate vulnerability, 24.34% high vulnerability and 13.14% very high vulnerability in the study area. The river flows from the northeast region of the watershed allows more recharge of water, which may drain the fertilizers from the surrounding agricultural lands along with it to the groundwater and hence leads to groundwater vulnerability of this region. To check the reliability of the DRASTIC index map in the field condition, groundwater samples were collected for the analysis of nitrate (NO3) which is found as one of the pollutants in groundwater resulting due to use of fertilizers during agriculture. The presence of high nitrate concentration over high to moderate risk pollution zone in the study area validated satisfactorily. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

66 - A Study of range suitability model for apiculture by using GIS (Case study: Taleghan rangelands)
Shahrbanoo Fadai Hossein Arzani Hossein Azarnivand Gholam Ali Nehzati Seyed Hossein Kaboli Fazel Amiri

The objective of this research was presenting a case model for determining of range suitability of Taleghan region for sustainable bee keeping activities. After considering the factors affecting range suitability for beekeeping, final suitability map was created by usin More

The objective of this research was presenting a case model for determining of range suitability of Taleghan region for sustainable bee keeping activities. After considering the factors affecting range suitability for beekeeping, final suitability map was created by using the suggested method of FAO and GIS software. Random sampling was done in vegetation types, using 30 (1×1m) quadrates along three 200m long transect. Investigation on quality and characteristics of rangelands showed that three sub models of vegetation cover (flowering period, the rate of attractiveness of plants and vegetation cover percent), environmental factors (roads and access roads to vegetation, elevation, temperature and soil characteristics) and hydrology (water resources) played the main role in the determination of range suitability for bee keeping. Decreasing of nectar or pollen in the vegetation cover, an existence of low quality plants (classes III and IV) along with the shortage of flowering period, poor soil conditions and lack of roads in some vegetation types were among the most limiting factors of range suitability for bee keeping in the study area. In contrast, suitable distribution of water resources, elevation and temperature increased the rangelands suitability for bee keeping. According to our results from 37977.2 hectares of studied rangelands, 235 hectares (0.61%) classified as S1 of suitability (without limitation for bee keeping), 7798 hectares (20.53%) classified as S2 class (with limitation), 9961 hectares (26.29%) classified as S3 class (with high limitation),and 8861 hectares (23.33%) classified as N class (non suitable). Generally, 21% of the area had an acceptable score as excellent suitability for bee keeping. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

67 - Assessment of municipal solid waste landfill sites using GIS (Case study: west of Mazandaran province)
Mohadese Yazdani Seyed Masoud Monavari Ghasem Ali Omrani Mahmoud Shariat Seyed Mohsen Hosseini

Several factors to reduce the negative impacts on natural resources as well as public health in landfill sites should be considered. So in the present study the significance lies in the fact that it tends to assess the suitability of the existing municipal landfill site More

Several factors to reduce the negative impacts on natural resources as well as public health in landfill sites should be considered. So in the present study the significance lies in the fact that it tends to assess the suitability of the existing municipal landfill sites in the west area of Mazandaran province, located in north of Iran, and the south coast of the Caspian Sea. In order to carry out this assessment, 3 guidelines such as United States Environmental Protection Agency, management and planning organization of Iran and Iran department of environment are used. After reviewing all the specified criteria in each of the guidelines with Arc GIS software and visit the field, the authenticity of each deposit site of the study area and the entire area also was examined; and eventually the appropriate areas were identified. As a result, all of the 10 landfill sites were unsuitable with the Iran department of the environment, according to the management and planning organization of Iran only Marzan abad site was suitable and according to USEPA criteria Noor, Noshahr and Kelar abad were suitable and other site were unsuitable. In the entire studied area 20%, according to the Iran department of environment, 48.5%, according to the management and planning organization of Iran and 77.9% of the study area according to the guideline of USEPA were suitable for landfill siting. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

68 - Analysis relation of vegetation cover on the number of dust event in Khorasan Razavi using geographic information system and remote sensing
Sima Pourhashemi Mehdi Boroghani Mohammad Ali Zangane Asadi Abolghasem Amir Ahmadi

Dust phenomenon is one of the climatic hazards in arid and semi-arid regions of the world that usually brings damages to human life and properties. In recent decades due to long droughts in Iran, the number of dust event increased and affected many cities and villages. More

Dust phenomenon is one of the climatic hazards in arid and semi-arid regions of the world that usually brings damages to human life and properties. In recent decades due to long droughts in Iran, the number of dust event increased and affected many cities and villages. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vegetation and relationship with dust events in Khorasan Razavi province during 2004-2013 using Geographic information system (GIS) and Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The data of dusty days in the region synoptic stations were provided from Meteorological Organization and the frequency of dusty days in different seasons were determined.  Using the method of Normal Kriging in GIS, dusty days were zoned in the province. Vegetation map area, were provided using MODIS image in ENVI®4.8 software. The results showed closed relations between the number of dust event and vegetation distribution. In addition, decreasing of vegetations caused the increasing of  the number of dust event. Results showed the number of dust event increased during the recent years and in 2008 and 2005 were recorded as the most and the least number of dust event respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

69 - Multivariate geostatistical analysis in assessment of aerosols (Case study: Bushehr)
Tayebeh Tabatabaei Abdolreza Karbassi Faramarz Moatar Seyed Masoud Monavari

The mean aerosols samples in three periods of ten stations were taken from Bushehr region, to characterize the spatial variability and concentration of As, Cd, Co, Fe, Ni, Pb and V. The geostatistics and geographic information system (GIS) techniques were applied, and t More

The mean aerosols samples in three periods of ten stations were taken from Bushehr region, to characterize the spatial variability and concentration of As, Cd, Co, Fe, Ni, Pb and V. The geostatistics and geographic information system (GIS) techniques were applied, and the disjunctive kriging was used to map the spatial patterns of the seven heavy metals. Meanwhile, Principal component analysis (PCA) and correlation matrix (CA) were used for the data processing. The results of Nug/Sill ratios for the seven metals showed that spatial dependent is moderate (0.25-0.75), that indicative the effects of natural factors such as parent material and topography. Meanwhile, the disjunctive kriging technique was used to quantify their concentration distribution. Combined with the results of PCA, 7 heavy metals could be divided into 3 factors. D1 was the metals, i.e., As, Co, Ni, Pb, V. Cd was in D2, Fe in D3. This results show the concentrations of 7 heavy metals were mainly controlled by the external factors. These results will contribute to the management of regional environment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

70 - Study of heavy metals concentration Copper, Zinc and Arsenic soil using RS and GIS techniques (Case study: Kaboudarahang, Razan and Khonjin- Talkhab catchment in Hamedan province)
Loghman Khodakarami Alireza Soffianian Elahe Mohamadi Towfigh Noorollah Mirghafari

In this study, we investigated the effect of agricultural land concentrations of heavy metals including Copper, Arsenic and Zinc and mapping of soil contamination potential the elements in the areas studied using the collected data, GIS, Geo-statistics and remote sensin More

In this study, we investigated the effect of agricultural land concentrations of heavy metals including Copper, Arsenic and Zinc and mapping of soil contamination potential the elements in the areas studied using the collected data, GIS, Geo-statistics and remote sensing were conducted. First, using 135 surface soils (0-20cm) classified random systematic sampling in the region area 7262 square kilometers were collected and total element concentrations, soil characteristics, including the pH and organic matters were measured. Interpolation for heavy metals concentrations were done by geo-statistics methods, and assisting location correlation analysis, interpolation suitable method was chosen using MAE and MBE function. For heavy metals concentration maps, Copper and Zinc, we used Ordinary Kriging and exponential model and for Arsenic Ordinary Kriging and Spherical models. For analyzing the metal's concentration distribution maps of pollution time series satellite images were used.  For this purpose, five time series of satellite images of IRSP6 sensor Awifs (6 March, 3 April, 27 April, 9 June, 18 July and 16 August) were prepared. Using conventional classification methods and advanced satellite imagery maps of Land Use in 2009 was prepared. Finally fuzzy classification method map due to having the higher kappa coefficient as a final land use map was selected. Site analysis of studied heavy metal interpolation maps assisted by GIS and remote sensing assistive showed that Copper and Zinc have geological and agricultural origins. And Arsenic has originated from bedrock, but agricultural activities according to excessive consumption of chemical fertilizers can increase most of these elements in soil. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

71 - Forage production suitability modeling in Sarab Sefid rangeland of Borujerd by Geographic Information System (GIS)
Ali Ariapour Moslem Hadidi Fazel Amiri Ali Hossein Biranvand

Forage production suitability is one of the most factors to the sustainable utilization of natural potential by rangeland grazing suitability. To determine this factor in short time, low cost and height accuracy is most challenges of expertise and ranchers. Using a suit More

Forage production suitability is one of the most factors to the sustainable utilization of natural potential by rangeland grazing suitability. To determine this factor in short time, low cost and height accuracy is most challenges of expertise and ranchers. Using a suitable technique for this subject can be sustainable utilization comprising from rangeland ecosystems, according to its degradation and heavy grazing. This research was conducted in Borujerd Sarab Sefid rangeland from 2001 to 2012. Slope, aspect and height maps provided by using satellite imagery, basic information and analog maps and digitized maps such as; topographic and DEM (Digital Elevation Model). Also measurement of field conducted by using clipping and weighting method for estimation of forage, four factors method to range condition, trend balance to range condition trend and physiognomy to typing. Forage production, range condition, ranges condition, trend and typing maps integrated with obtaining and digitized field data in ARCGIS®9.3 software. At least to become changed to final forage production, sustainability this maps in software by using unity command. Result show that from 16 types, 4 types were in non sustainable, 8 types in class III, 2 types in class II and 2 types in class I of sustainability. As a final conclusion this research and other research show that uses RS and GIS can useful for sustainable management of rangeland ecosystems with height accuracy and speed and low cost if considered standards and criteria of using GIS and RS. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

72 - Landslide hazard zonation using Fuzzy logic (A case study: ChamSangar watershed)
Salman Soori Siamak Bharvand Taher Farhadinejad

Landslides are one of the most destructive phenomena of nature that cause damage to both property and life every year, therefore, landslide susceptibility zonation (LSZ) is necessary for planning future developmental activities. In this study, the operator of fuzzy logi More

Landslides are one of the most destructive phenomena of nature that cause damage to both property and life every year, therefore, landslide susceptibility zonation (LSZ) is necessary for planning future developmental activities. In this study, the operator of fuzzy logic in landslide hazard zonation has been used in the Chamsangar watershed. For study the stability of slopes in the Chamsang field, in first step the sliding point and subsequent distribution maps of landslide were prepared using satellite images and field excursions (recording the sliding points by GPS). The correlation level between sliding points and each effective factor in landslide occurrence including slope, aspect, landuse, elevation, lithology, rainfall, drainage and distance to road determined using frequency ratio model. The fuzzy values prepared by expert view and the membership functions appointed for all effective factors in ArcGIS®10.1environment. The Sum of Quality (QS) index used for evaluation and deviation of operators outputs which applied in estimation of sliding risk. Results show that Gama operator 0.9 with QS=0.554 is the more suitable than Fuzzy Algebraic Sum with QS=0.042 and Fuzzy Algebraic Product with QS=0.008 for prepare the landslide risk maps in Chamsangr field. According the zoning based on the gamma operator 0.9, the 13.39, 47.58, 32.7, 5.44, and 0.884 percent of the area is located in very low, low, medium, high and very high risk classes, respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

73 - Ecological capability assessment by using GIS and analytic hierarchy process (Case study: Tabriz Suburb)
Farideh Naghdi Seyed Mohsen Hosseini Shaghayegh Sadr

In order to achieve sustainable development, it is necessary to obtain and adopt planning procedures based on Multi Criteria Evaluation of natural environment. Since biophysical (natural) environment has limited ecological capabilities for human use, ecological capabili More

In order to achieve sustainable development, it is necessary to obtain and adopt planning procedures based on Multi Criteria Evaluation of natural environment. Since biophysical (natural) environment has limited ecological capabilities for human use, ecological capability assessment, as an essence for environmental studies and with the aim of preventing existing crises, yields proper grounds for environmental planning. The analysis of land capability and sufficiency for urban development is one of the main categories with which urban planners deal. In this paper, by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) through the perspective of Multi Criteria Evaluation (MCE) Approach and within the Geographic Information Systems (GIS), ecological capability of the suburbs surrounding Tabriz city was assessed (natural and human in terms of 12 criteria) to examine the physical development of Tabriz city and final mapping of the region was provided. This mapping shows regions suitable for physical urban development of the city. The results and finding of this research were applied by urban planners. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

74 - Source routing of dust haze phenomenon in the west and southwest of Iran and its synoptic analysis by using remote sensing and GIS
Mohammad Fallah zazuli Alireza Vafaeinezhad Mir Masoud Kheirkhah zarkesh Fariborz Ahmadi dehka

The dust haze phenomenon is one of the most environmental challenges in the West and South-West of Iran. To detect the phenomenon of dust haze the images with a repeat in day and night, wide coverage and high spectral bands is needed therefore the images related to MODI More

The dust haze phenomenon is one of the most environmental challenges in the West and South-West of Iran. To detect the phenomenon of dust haze the images with a repeat in day and night, wide coverage and high spectral bands is needed therefore the images related to MODIS sensor is suitable. The purpose of this study is identifying sources producing dust haze entering in this region in 2011 by using visible bands and thermal bands of MODIS sensor and with the use of Ackermann index and synoptic analysis to identify the movement of dust haze from the origin to Iran By using 500 hectopascal geopotential height synoptic data, sea level pressure and 500 and 1000 hectopascal wind direction maps. Finally, its movement from source to Iran was monitored by using GIS and Spatial Analysis Tools. The results showed that source of the phenomena of dust haze entering the West and South West of the country is from Syria, Iraq and part of Saudi Arabia, which the major origin of dust haze is  north of Iraq and the border between Iraq and Syria. Combining the results of detection of dust haze and synoptic maps has optimized found the origin and mode of transmission of dust hazes and provides a more suitable prediction of the movement path of dust haze. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

75 - Effect prediction of rangeland condition changes on runoff by HEC-HMS model in Sarab-Sefid basin of Borujerd
Ali Ariapour Bagher Ghermezcheshmeh Mojtaba Nasaji Naghmeh Piroozi

Assessment of Watershed management practices is one of the main subjects for future planning of natural resources management and restoration projects. In terms of, there are no tools for assessment of watershed management practices in many basins of the country, and the More

Assessment of Watershed management practices is one of the main subjects for future planning of natural resources management and restoration projects. In terms of, there are no tools for assessment of watershed management practices in many basins of the country, and then distributed hydrological models can be used this purpose. The purpose of this study was evaluation of cover changes and it effect on runoff in Sarab Sefid basin in Borujerd county-Lorestan Province by HEC-HMS (Hydrologic Modeling System). For this purpose, based on the rainfall-runoff observed events, HEC-HMS model was optimized and calibrated. Then, to determination of rangeland condition changes, concentration time was measured after each scenario. Inputs of model were determined by SCS method and simulated runoff for available data from climatology stations. Criteria's such as runoff pick and amount of flow determined for evaluation and measured in two situations of before and after land use. Results show that this model (HEC-HMS) is suitable for predicting and simulating of sun off in basin according to acceptable accuracy. Because of decreasing of Curve Number (CN) cause of plant cover increasing, the best scenarios to decreasing runoff are exclusion, available management of rangelands, conflagration and heavy grazing respectively. Therefore to decreasing of runoff must increase plant cover by any management tools even exclusion which it is the last way. Because of forestalling of natural hazardous and land degradation, orchards, built places beside of river and beside of Borujerd city. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

76 - Change detection in land use using remote sensing data and GIS (Case study: Ardabil county)
Marzieh Mosayebi Mohsen Maleki

Population growth, urban development and the need of new residential regions and resources for human food, enhanced land use changes all over the world. The aim of this study was detection of land use changes in the last 25 years in the county of Ardabil. In this resear More

Population growth, urban development and the need of new residential regions and resources for human food, enhanced land use changes all over the world. The aim of this study was detection of land use changes in the last 25 years in the county of Ardabil. In this research, changes in land use were investigated based on LandSat imagery interpretation in three time periods between, 1987, 1998 and 2010 using GIS and remote sensing techniques and statistical methods. The map of study region was then georeferenced using DGN after geometric and atmospheric correction. Sample points in each land use class were taken in sufficient number and of suitable distribution among the study area. Using supervised classification (maximum likelihood algorithm), the best band combination and the land use maps for the years 1987, 1998, and 2010 were produced. The accuracy of the produced land use maps using overall accuracy and Kappa statistic was approved. The results indicated that some irrigated farming, gardens, residential and industrial areas and degraded lands have increased between 1987 and 2010; and the area of some land uses have decreased such as forests, rangelands and dry farming areas during this period. According to the findings from this research on the period of 1987-1998, rangelands and forests decreased 10.20% and 0.5% respectively, but dry farming lands, irrigated farming lands, and the barrier lanes  have increased 5.62%, 1.8%, and 1.8% respectively. In the period of 1998-2010 rangelands, dry farming lands and forests have decreased 7.9%, 11.52% and 3.69% respectively, but irrigated farming lands have increased 1.2% and the barrier lands have also increased 17.7%. The kappa coefficient of land use maps was calculated 0.81, 0.87 and 0, 89 for the years 1987, 1998 and 2010 respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

77 - Simulation of surface runoff using GIS-based model of Limburg soil erosion model (LISEM)
Roya Jafari Vahed Berdi Sheikh Mohsen Hosseinalizadeh Hassan Rezaei Moghadam

Simulation of runoff resulted from any significant rainfall events can help to estimate the severity of floods. To protect watersheds, application of a model which is able to predict runoff at certain times and places is essential. Therefore, this study aimed to simulat More

Simulation of runoff resulted from any significant rainfall events can help to estimate the severity of floods. To protect watersheds, application of a model which is able to predict runoff at certain times and places is essential. Therefore, this study aimed to simulate runoff generation in upstream catchments of the Shahrake Behzisti as well as assessing the effect of implementation of vegetation management scenarios, using three relatively intense rainfall events occurred in recent years. The model of physically based Limburg soil erosion model (LISEM) within PCRaster GIS and programming language was applied in this study. In order to run the LISEM model, four basic raster maps of digital elevation model, landuse, soil texture and roads (impervious areas) were prepared. Digital elevation model map of the catchment was extracted from the Ultracam image of 1 m resolution within the ArcGIS environment. During this study, only two events on 2/11/2014 and 16/9/2015  led to runoff generation. Thus, the first event was used for calibration and the second one for validation of the model. Statistical comparison of the simulated and observed hydrographs of the rain events on 2/11/2014 and 16/9/2015 showed the correlation coefficients of 0.80 and 0.76 and Nash-Sutcliffe criteria of 0.8 and 0.5 respectively. The results of the simulation showed that the model was able to predict total runoff, peak discharge, runoff initiation time and time to peak discharge with relatively good performance. The results of the application of the LISEM model showed that runoff volume and peak discharge significantly decreased by implementation of vegetation management scenarios. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

78 - The relationship between land use vector parameters and river water quality using GIS (Case study: Zayandehrood river)
Zahra Khebri Farhad Nejadkoorki Hamid Sodaie Zadeh

The Rivers are more important sources of surface water and fresh water in urban, agricultural and industrial. The aim of this study is to evaluate effects of pollutant sources on the water quality of river Zayandehroud using Geographic information systems (GIS). In this More

The Rivers are more important sources of surface water and fresh water in urban, agricultural and industrial. The aim of this study is to evaluate effects of pollutant sources on the water quality of river Zayandehroud using Geographic information systems (GIS). In this study, physicochemical data (Discharge, Hardness, Cl, EC, pH), (October 2010 to May 2011) were studied in 7 stations of Zayandehroud. A land use map of the surrounding environment was then investigated with a buffer 0f 10 km from center of the river. Considering the location of monitoring stations the key factors, distance to industrial unit and land use percentage within the station buffet were calculated using GIS. Data moves to SPSS®19 for further statistical analysis. The results show that, at 451682.3 hectares of around buffer the river consisted; 40.9% agricultural and 8.1% urban development. We also found that the physicochemical parameters have a direct with the increase agricultural area around each station relationship. Also located industries in the area of Polkalleh to Chum stations such as south Isfahan refinery, have a significant relationship with water quality factors discussed in this study. So considering the protection importance of the Zayandehroud river, applying appropriate management on this river is essential, especially in the areas after the city. Implementation of appropriate treatment system for industrial wastewater, advised to farmers in the proper use of chemical fertilizers can be the appropriate solution. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

79 - Quantitative assessment of desertification status using MEDALUS model and GIS (Case study: Shamil Plain – Hormozgan province)
Amir Palham Abbasi Habibollah Amani Mojtaba Zareian

Desertification is a major problem in many parts of the world.  Nowadays different methods are used to assess and map desertification. One of these methods is Medalus. In this study, the desertification severity of Shamil Plain in the northeastern of Bandar Abbas w More

Desertification is a major problem in many parts of the world.  Nowadays different methods are used to assess and map desertification. One of these methods is Medalus. In this study, the desertification severity of Shamil Plain in the northeastern of Bandar Abbas was evaluated using Medalus model. This area is one of the major agricultural areas in the Hormozgan province. For this purpose, four criteria (climate, soil, vegetation, and management) and regional groundwater, an effective criterion on the process of desertification were selected. Indicators for each criterion are defined in the model Medalus. Indicators for each criterion were prepared using geographic information systems with software ArcGIS®9.3 .These indicators were ranked according to Medalus model. The geometric mean was then calculated and map was produced for each criteria.  Desertification status map of the study area was finally prepared using the geometric mean criteria. Results showed that 68.27%, 30.07%, and 1.02% of study area are located in critical regions (C), (B), and (A) respectively; and 0.67% of the regions is located in fragile class (C). Besides climate was determined as the most inappropriate criteria and vegetation quality was measured as the most appropriate criteria. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

80 - Investigation of land use classification algorithms using images fusion techniques (Case study: Beheshtabad Sub-basin)
Arash Fazeli Farsani Reza Ghazavi Mohammad Reza Farzaneh

In recent decades, land use changes cause an important environmental, economical and social damage in the world. Land use classification images are essential tools for land management and policy decisions.  Fusion of remote sensing data could increase quality and i More

In recent decades, land use changes cause an important environmental, economical and social damage in the world. Land use classification images are essential tools for land management and policy decisions.  Fusion of remote sensing data could increase quality and intensify of data. The main aim of this study was investigated of land use classification algorithms (Support Vector Machine Background, Neural Net, and Maximum Likelihood) using a fusion of OLI remote sensing data using Geographic Information System (GIS). According to the results, Gram-Schmidt method had the best punctuality for taking of the firstly data and rebuilding of images. The results showed that Maximum likelihood method increased accuracy of PC_Sharpened and Gram-Schmidt algorithms. A significant accuracy in land use classification was observed via combination techniques. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

81 - Ecotourism site selection of Kiamaky wildlife refuge using multicriteria decision making
Omid Rafieyan Seyed Ali AKbar Mirrazi Najibeh Abdolalipour Elham Golabi

Identifying and locating suitable areas for eco-tourism development, is one of the important issues of tourism planners. But the wide variety of options and parameters, variables uncertainty and long terms in environmental planning, causes the     &n More

Identifying and locating suitable areas for eco-tourism development, is one of the important issues of tourism planners. But the wide variety of options and parameters, variables uncertainty and long terms in environmental planning, causes the          decision-making becomes more complex. So multi-criteria decision-making methods can meet these challenges. Thus the aim of this study is to identify suitable areas for         eco-tourism in Kiamaky wildlife refuge using MCDM method Based on fuzzy logic in GIS. According to the effective criteria on the eco-tourism in this area; obtained from previous research and expert opinions, 15 criteria maps (climate, lithology, height from sea level, slope, aspect, land use and distance maps from residential area, road, river, police station, environmental guard station, sensitive habitats, shrine, spring and waterfall) are produced and classified as input. To determine the weights of criteria, opinions of experts in the form of Delphi Method were applied. The criteria matrix formed and the relative importance of all criteria was defined using the AHP method and pairwise comparison. Finally eco-tourism appropriate priority map was produced using Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) method and applying the index of the importance of each criterion to corresponding classified map. According to mentioned map, 15% and 34% of the area eligible for perfect and good for eco-tourism respectively, and 4% of the area are medium for this purpose. In this study, besides confirming previous studies, power and usefulness of GIS in locating and combining different ecological criteria were shown. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

82 - تعیین شماره منحنی رواناب در دو اقلیم خشک و مرطوب ایران به کمک RS و GIS (مطالعه موردی: حوضه‌های آبریز منصورآباد و ناورود)
مصطفی یعقوب زاده بهروز اعتباری علی شهیدی علی محمد نوفرستی

استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی و سنجش از دور به منظور تخمین رواناب حوضه آبریزدر سال‌های اخیر افزایش یافته است. این پژوهش به منظور مشخص نمودن وضعیت هیدرولوژیکی و رواناب دو حوضه آبریز با دو اقلیم متفاوت (خشک و مرطوب) در کشور انجام شد. در این تحقیق، نقشه شماره منحنی رو More

استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی و سنجش از دور به منظور تخمین رواناب حوضه آبریزدر سال‌های اخیر افزایش یافته است. این پژوهش به منظور مشخص نمودن وضعیت هیدرولوژیکی و رواناب دو حوضه آبریز با دو اقلیم متفاوت (خشک و مرطوب) در کشور انجام شد. در این تحقیق، نقشه شماره منحنی رواناب با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی و تصاویر ماهواره لندست (ETM+) برای دو حوضه آبریز، منصورآباد خراسان جنوبی و ناورود گیلان و بر اساس فاکتورهایی مانند گروه هیدرولوژی خاک، کاربری اراضی و پوشش گیاهی تعیین شده است. نقشه وضعیت پوشش زمین برای دو حوضه آبریز با کمک شاخص NDVI، نقشه کاربری اراضی حوضه‌ها با استفاده از داده‌های ماهواره لندست و نقشه گروه هیدرولوژیکی خاک به کمک نقشه‌های خاک، شیب، کاربری اراضی، تشکیلات زمین شناسی و بازدیدهای صحرائی تهیه گردید. از تلفیق نقشه‌های تهیه شده در GIS و با استفاده از  جدول SCS، نقشه شماره منحنی رواناب برای هر دو حوضه تعیین گردید. سپس برای ارزیابی صحت شماره منحنی به دست آمده، دبی حداکثر سیلاب در هر دو حوضه آبریز به کمک مدل HEC-HMS محاسبه و با مقدار مشاهده ای مقایسه گردید. عدم اختلاف معنی دار بین دبی محاسبه ای و مشاهده ای، نشان داد شماره منحنی هر دو حوضه آبریز با صحت زیاد محاسبه شده است. هم چنین نتایج نشان داد که متوسط وزنی شماره منحنی رواناب حوضه منصورآباد خیلی بیشتر از حوضه ناورود می باشد که این امر می تواند سبب بروز سیلاب‌های مخرب در هنگام وقوع رگبارهای فراوان شود. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

83 - Risk assessment of pollution accidents in dam reservoirs, Using WRASTIC Model (Case study: Shafarood Dam, Guilan, Iran)
Hamed Hassanpour Kourandeh Ebrahim Fataei

Nowadays, important parts of water requirements for various sectors of agricultural, potable and industrial aresupplied from surface water resources. Population growth and civilization and also, industrial and agriculturaldevelopments increased the risk of water resourc More

Nowadays, important parts of water requirements for various sectors of agricultural, potable and industrial aresupplied from surface water resources. Population growth and civilization and also, industrial and agriculturaldevelopments increased the risk of water resources pollution. So, application of appropriate methods for themanagement of surface water quality seems necessary to consider. In this research, the risk of Shafarood damwhich is located in Guilan(northern Iranian province) was examined in the phase. In this study according to thehydrologic characteristics of the basin, potential of its pollution acceptance against contaminants were zoning.For this purpose, WRASTIC model and GIS were used. Required data for this model were collected by threeresearch methods of surveys, studies, and documents and use of experts opinions. So at the beginning, the fieldstudies were performed for identification of the study area. The next step was identification of pollutionresources influencing on Shafarood dam basin. The identified pollution resources were recorded by GPS, then,the pollution resources map was prepared by GIS software. Finally, the risk value of pollution resources wascalculated by WRASTIC model and according to major indicators, extent of the area and land usage. The riskvalue obtained from model calculations showed the moderate to high risk level caused by human and naturalactivities at this hydrological environment. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

84 - Application of the cross-flow angle (CA) index in analysis tectonic geomorphologic in Northeastern watersheds of Iran
ebrahim taghavi moghaddam Shahram Bahrami Mohamad Ali Zangane Asadi

  It is very important to use geomorphometric indices to detect active tectonics. The parameters related to the drainage network are the angle of connection of the rivers. And quantitative assessment can help to identify the active tectonics, earth science research More

  It is very important to use geomorphometric indices to detect active tectonics. The parameters related to the drainage network are the angle of connection of the rivers. And quantitative assessment can help to identify the active tectonics, earth science researchers. Kopet Dagh -Hezarmasjed  Geological Unit  and Aladagh - Binalood is one of the most active geological units in Iran.  In this research four basins were selected to evaluate the role of tectonics in the cross-flow angle of the rivers.Baghrood and Bojan Basin in Aladagh-Binalood Zone and Zavin and Sharrood Basins in Kopet Dagh -Hezarmasjed  Construction Zone .In this way, were used cross-flow angle (CA), branching index (R), basin asymmetric percentage index (PAF) and mountain front elevation index (Smf).Also, cross-flow angle calculation showed that the highest amount in Zavin watershed is 73/67 degrees and the lowest amount in Baghrood Basin is 59.5 degrees.Which indicates changes in the flow paths of the streams, such as the capture of the river and, consequently, tectonic movements in the slope  Khor anticline.Also, the calculated values of (R) (Smf) and (PAF) indicate that most tectonic species of Kopet Dagh basins are compared to the Binalod mountain basins Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

85 - Landfill Location construction waste Yazd using Analytical Hierarchy Methods
Javad Ghanei Ardakani Seyyed Abolfazl Kashfi

The growth of urban population, thus continuing the upward trend in production and waste discharge into the environment, humans and the environment surrounding the multiple problems stems. Including concern due to the increasing population and development in the city, a More

The growth of urban population, thus continuing the upward trend in production and waste discharge into the environment, humans and the environment surrounding the multiple problems stems. Including concern due to the increasing population and development in the city, a certain type of proper management of waste, construction waste and reducing pollution caused by it is the environmental. Hence the proper management of construction waste, locating the perfect place for burial in landfill construction will be necessary. Determine the location of the tomb optimal health and favorable requirements engineering methods and processes that optimize the performance of each of them affect the final result. the natural environment surrounding landfill is investigated. Despite multiple parameters in the landfill, better managing time, cost and complexity of design, powerful tools of GIS have been used. By collecting and combining data layers required to determine suitable areas for construction waste landfill Yazd hierarchical analysis method was used. Information relevant weighting of each layer and the substrate and the final map using layers of privacy, forbidden zones removed. 4 The final map of area was perfectly fit in the category. Due to the impact of the prevailing wind direction is ultimately the best place for landfill was diagnosed two regions. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

86 - Optimum Route election for Oil and Ga Transmission Lines Using Remote Sensing and GIS Integration
Abbas Khani Amir Shahrokh Amini

One of the most important developmental procedures for the implementation of oil and gas transmission projects is through pipelines. Route selection is a crucial step in the planning of transmission lines. In this regard, to choose applicable and optimal route is likely More

One of the most important developmental procedures for the implementation of oil and gas transmission projects is through pipelines. Route selection is a crucial step in the planning of transmission lines. In this regard, to choose applicable and optimal route is likely to be complicated. Many factors need to be taken into consideration hence this is a very important stage in the transmission lines project. Using remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS), new valves for routing will be unlocked and the costs of inaccuracies and inappropriate plans will be significantly reduced. The first modeling stage for planning and routing is defining the factors that determine the route of transmission of oil pipelines. There are diverse effective factors in determining the route to the transmission pipeline projects. Also, the proportion of the impact of each of these factors must be identified. The weight of the factors, is determined by various methods. These factors include roads, rivers, landslides, faults, gradients of land, soil science, land use, geology, recreational areas and protected areas. Finally, the cost of transfer plan for each pixel is designed using the multi-criteria decision making model and the AHP method in the GIS environment. Using this map, a cumulative cost map for the origin and destination is designed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

87 - Improving the Location of Recycling Stations in Shiraz Metropolitan Areas Using Landscape Geographic Information Systems Software and Landsat Images
Mohammad Mehdi Pakfetrat Ayoub Karimijashni Naser Talebbeydokhti

Solid waste production has been a major problem in human societies in recent decades. Changes in consumption patterns have imposed great problems and costs on large cities to dispose the waste. Today, the geographic information system is considered due to the possibilit More

Solid waste production has been a major problem in human societies in recent decades. Changes in consumption patterns have imposed great problems and costs on large cities to dispose the waste. Today, the geographic information system is considered due to the possibility of analyzing a huge volume of information layers, which has been used in this study to investigate the current stations and improve them. National and international experiences, three layers of the population, land use and access route have been selected. The hierarchical analysis method has been used to weigh the criteria and Landsat images of Shiraz have been used to locate the stations. According to experts, the covered population with the weight of 0.540 has the highest value, land use with 0.297has the next priority and access route with 0.163 is used to improve the collection stations for home recycling materials in Shiraz, based on the population in 1396. Assuming that 50% of the city's population delivered their recycled materials to the stations, 61 stations were located using Landsat images, of which 16 stations with a short distance (300 meters) from the current station were shown. Twenty-one medium-distance stations (300-700 meters) and 24 long-distance stations (more than 700 meters) were identified. In areas with long-distance stations, it is necessary to build and add drop-off centers, collecting recycled materials Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

88 - Investigation and Selection of Optimal and Suitable Locations for Arsenal Camouflage using Remote Sensing Studies (Case Study: Iran)
mehdi mohamdpour Davod Majidi

Identifying suitable and optimal areas for camouflage of arsenals is very important. The purpose of this study is to investigate and select the optimal and suitable places for camouflage of arsenals in the country using AHP model and mathematical analysis in ARC GIS env More

Identifying suitable and optimal areas for camouflage of arsenals is very important. The purpose of this study is to investigate and select the optimal and suitable places for camouflage of arsenals in the country using AHP model and mathematical analysis in ARC GIS environment. Locating is a process through which the best place for an activity can be determined based on the conditions and according to the available resources and facilities. Accordingly, in this study, first the effective factors in locating the ammunition slot are examined and the map of each of the effective factors in locating the arsenal such as slope map, slope direction map, Altitude map, Access road map, Distance from big cities map, Distance from medium cities map, Distance from small towns Map, Distance from villages map, Distance from faults map and distance  from water level map were prepared in ARC GIS environment and the importance coefficients of criteria and sub-criteria were obtained using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Expert Choice software. Then, these coefficients were applied in the layers related to each parameter through a linear weight combination and suitable places for selecting the arsenal were identified with a range of values. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

89 - Brownfield land use change modeling using GIS-based Weights-of-Evidence approach
Saleh Abdullahi

Fast and unorganized urban development increases the number of abandoned lands and brownfields within the cities. Revitalization of these lands is one of the key factors to achieve urban sustainability. Most researches on this field have mainly considered a single brown More

Fast and unorganized urban development increases the number of abandoned lands and brownfields within the cities. Revitalization of these lands is one of the key factors to achieve urban sustainability. Most researches on this field have mainly considered a single brownfield site for redevelopment on the bases of local neighborhood demand and characteristics. The current paper proposes a brownfields land use change modeling process in a larger scale perspectives rather than local aspects. The proposed model is a statistical-based weights-of-evidence (WoE) approach in the GIS environment. The changes probability of brownfield sites of the Qazvin city to residential land use was predicted using several urban development parameters. Next, the predicted map was aggregated with the existing brownfields map in order to evaluate by Master Plan of the Qazvin city. In this manner, existing brownfield sites are projected according to planning strategies. Results indicate that according to potential and suitability of the site and neighborhood properties, each brownfield can serve the community as single or mixture of several land use types. The advantage of this model is that, due to utilization of the standard urban parameters as well as statistical based methodology, by considering more number of land use types this process can be easily replicated in other cities for brownfields redevelopment. It is concluded that the application of land use change modeling techniques in GIS environment can provide a strong tool for brownfields redevelopment planning and strategies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

90 - Geostatistical Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Changes of Pressure Breakers and Water Reservoirs in District 2 of Tehran
Mehrdad Tavakolzadeh

Pressure, as one of the practical and controllable factors in water distribution networks, has an essential role in how water is distributed. On the other hand, pressure control in implemented networks, is possible only by adjusting the control valves. In order to stand More

Pressure, as one of the practical and controllable factors in water distribution networks, has an essential role in how water is distributed. On the other hand, pressure control in implemented networks, is possible only by adjusting the control valves. In order to standardize and improve the quality of water supply projects along with minimizing economic problems, the use of relevant rules, criteria, and standards is inevitable and necessary. In the present study, using the spatial information of the study area, including the raster layer of the digital model of region’s elevation and the layer point of the location of pressure breakers and water tanks, a data bank was first prepared. Interpolation maps were generated with 95% accuracy, and six-month periods were compared based on these maps. The results showed that the first and fourth periods of the study of water pressure fluctuations were similar. This study established the effect of time on the spatial distribution of water pressure based on the final maps. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

91 - fuzzy Logic for Optimal Routing to Park in Nahavand Hamedan
علی اکبر جمالی رضا رهنمای یزدی

Nowadays, it is very important to exist landscape and we should extend it. This subject is one of the developmental index allover the world and lack of landscape means non-healthy and non-immunity in towns. This paper was as an analytical anddescriptive subjects and it More

Nowadays, it is very important to exist landscape and we should extend it. This subject is one of the developmental index allover the world and lack of landscape means non-healthy and non-immunity in towns. This paper was as an analytical anddescriptive subjects and it is applicable by using GIS (GeographicInformationSystem) systems and informational layers and doing diverse stages for modelling and AHP hierarchy analyzing and getting informational layers and final model. Weinvestigated fuzzy spatial distribution and landscape navigation in Nahavand city in Hamedan state and afterwards we foundoptimal locations for this thing. Then, we selected three points as the best locations by comparison other locations and by attention to last locationwas found output square and an appropriate routes for finding these locations. This process hasobtained by visible maps in the paper Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

92 - Locating and zoning suitable sites for the development of sports tourism in Shahrood city with a sustainable development approach
Ali Towfigh Khatab Ali Fahiminejad Seyed Mostafa Tayebi Sani Hooman Bahmanpour

This research attempts to select the suitable areas for tourism development using a Geographic Information System (GIS) and Ecological capability evaluation. It regulates the relationship between socio-economic impacts and land use changes to monitor the sustainable dev More

This research attempts to select the suitable areas for tourism development using a Geographic Information System (GIS) and Ecological capability evaluation. It regulates the relationship between socio-economic impacts and land use changes to monitor the sustainable development and determines the potential or types of use that land can naturally have. In this research, in order to identify the environmental potential of Shahrood County for tourism, GIS as the best suitable technique for land evaluation and site feasibility was used along with Index Overlaying (IO). Thus by identifying the ecological resources of the region, in a scale of 1:250000, map layer information was dispatched to the ArcGIS to overlay. This research was done in 6 stages. After preparing the slope, aspect and elevation layers, they were overlaid in ArcGIS and the landform layer was produced. Then, the overlaying of landform, land use, soil, vegetation and wildlife layers resulted in the final environmental units. After that, the ecological models of extensive and intensive tourism in Iran were used for comparison and analysis. According to the results, the study area has high potential for tourism. The suitable area for intensive outdoor recreation encompassed 68.8% of the area associated with class 1 and 19.1% with class 2; and extensive outdoor recreation included 93.2% class 1 and 5.3% class 2. In addition to this, 13.6% of study area was allocated to conservation because no part of this area is suitable for tourism activities. In the end, appropriate activities for each zone are recommended. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

93 - Monitoring of land use changes in Shahmirzad city using remote sensing data and spatial information system
amir kamalifard

In order to study urban development and land use changes in subsequent periods, we also obtained land use maps and land survey data from Landsat satellite imagery and land use studies in Shahmirzad city to achieve this. Important software is ENVI 5.3, ARC.GIS10.5 and Te More

In order to study urban development and land use changes in subsequent periods, we also obtained land use maps and land survey data from Landsat satellite imagery and land use studies in Shahmirzad city to achieve this. Important software is ENVI 5.3, ARC.GIS10.5 and Terrset. . The results show that over the years studied, the area of horticultural, waste land has declined, and residential and human-made land use has increased. It was 2855094 square meters in 2009 and 2429144 square meters in 2019, following a downward trend. Residential and man-made land in 1999 was 360623 square meters, in 2009 it was 1264976 square meters and in 2019 it was 2495357 square meters, indicating a significant increase. . The change detection revealed that most land use conversions in 1999-2009 were related to conversion of arable land to wastewater by about 20% and from 2009 to 2019 related to conversion of arable land into residential land. With about 16%. Survey results show that in the first 10 years, about 20% of the horticultural land has become waste land and in the second 10 years about 7% of the land has become residential and human-made. Validation of the model with a kappa coefficient of 0.76 indicates that the model may have weaknesses but has acceptable ability to predict changes in the region. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

94 - Modifications in Green Spaces of Kerman, Using Landsat Images Time Series (2000 - 2018)
Hamid Soltaninejad Soroush Khalili Zahra Shahi Mohammad Taghi Razavian

The explosion of the population and the development of cities in the last century have caused many problems, including the destruction of agricultural lands and green spaces, which is the subject of our discussion in this study. The city of Kerman has seen rapid growth More

The explosion of the population and the development of cities in the last century have caused many problems, including the destruction of agricultural lands and green spaces, which is the subject of our discussion in this study. The city of Kerman has seen rapid growth in recent years in the city's physical development, with its direct reflection of the loss of green spaces in and around the city. With the help of Landsat images and comparison of land use maps, it is clear that this trend has been rising rapidly between 2000 and 2018. In this research, data gathering was done through field observations and use of Landsat satellite imagery. ENVI, ArcGIS and Google Earth softwares have been used for statistical and visual analyzes. On satellite images in the ENVI software, radiometric correction was performed using Radiometric Calibration, and then by FLAASH Atmospheric Correction, an atmospheric correction was performed to minimize the error. The results show that over the years, almost 11% have been reduced from the share of agricultural lands and wastelands and by contrast, the share of land that has been built has increased the same amount. Therefore, it is possible to make suggestions including the use of infill development for the conservation of agricultural lands, the completion of the green belt of Kerman city by the municipality, construction on the arid lands in the 2nd district of Kerman, preventing land speculation, and fully comply with the rules of comprehensive and detailed plans, especially on urban green spaces. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

95 - Secure Cloud Designing for GIS: A Solution for the power Distribution Industry
Soulmaz Gheisari

Cloud computing is a networked computing model that provides a relatively new approach to storing, processing, and using information. A GIS is a structured set of hardware, software, and information that has been designed to create, store, update, process, analyze, and More

Cloud computing is a networked computing model that provides a relatively new approach to storing, processing, and using information. A GIS is a structured set of hardware, software, and information that has been designed to create, store, update, process, analyze, and present a variety of geographic information. The combination of cloud computing and GIS improves efficiency and reduces costs in the process of implementing and executing these systems. The electricity distribution industry, with its smart grid approach, increasingly needs access to spatial information in a comprehensive and secure communication platform. In this article, while examining the necessity of creating GIS subsystems in electricity distribution companies, its advantages and disadvantages are expressed and a secure architecture is proposed to implement this solution. The proposed architecture is designed in four layers of user, application, configuration and infrastructure, and physical layer, and a management plane. On the management plane, security, compression and classification modules are provided. Given the importance of security in the GIS cloud for the power distribution industry, the focus of the article is on the security module and its components. Finally, the proposed architecture is analyzed and its advantages and disadvantages compared to other architectures are presented. The presence of a management plane with an independent security module that takes into account all the requirements of a standard security operations center is an architectural advantage presented in this article. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

96 - A GIS-Based Sites Selection with Maximal Covering Location Problem for bank branch Development
Fatemeh Dekamini Mohammad Ehsanifar seyed Mohsen Lotfi

Selecting a location is a very important decision for firms because they are costly and difficult to reverse. A poor choice of location might result in excessive transportation costs, loss of qualified labor, competitive advantage or some similar condition that would be More

Selecting a location is a very important decision for firms because they are costly and difficult to reverse. A poor choice of location might result in excessive transportation costs, loss of qualified labor, competitive advantage or some similar condition that would be detrimental to operations.This paper proposed integration between MCDM model represented by ANP with GIS to propose the best location for construction of a new bank branch and then using maximal covering location problem to select branches that the maximum demand might be reached within a pre-specified target travel time. Bank branch location is one of the most significant strategic issues in the competitive market. In this paper, a Geographic Information System (GIS) based model for locating suitable sites is presented to make new branches, and then maximal covering location problem (MCLP) is used to select branches such that the maximum demand might be reached within a pre-specified target travel time. The model was implemented for Mehr Eqtesad bank in Arak city, Iran. In the future research, it is recommended to study reconstruction of bank branches. Moreover, applying this model on more complex problems is a challenging area for future studies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

97 - Review of integrating IOT and GIS potential to improve agricultural activities
Giti KhoshAmooz

Agriculture is an activity which is directly related to food security. Increasing of population and limited resources enhance the importance of this field. Therefore, there is a need to apply smart methods to achieve sustainable development and precision agriculture. In More

Agriculture is an activity which is directly related to food security. Increasing of population and limited resources enhance the importance of this field. Therefore, there is a need to apply smart methods to achieve sustainable development and precision agriculture. In these methods, a lot of sensors are required to collect data because there are number of geographical, social, environmental and economic factors which affect agricultural activities. So we should deal with a lot of data which most of them have spatial aspects. In the other hand, GIS is a best solution to manage and analysis spatial data. This indicates potential of integrating of GIS and IOT to improve agricultural activities. In previous studies, efficiency of GIS in agricultural activities have been proved. Moreover, in recent studies, applications of IOT in agriculture have been grown significantly. However, few studies have investigated integration of GIS and IOT for this purpose. GIS provides wide variety of tools to manage data. Obtained data from sensors can be classified or data mining methods such as clustering can be applied to discover knowledge. Spatial correlation between different parameters can be calculated based on spatial statistics toolboxes and pie charts and bar charts allow comparison between different parameters in different spatial units such as agricultural parcels, regions, villages and counties.In logistics, GIS can utilize network analysis to offer fastet and or best routes to reduce time and cost of delivering products from producers to users. Moreover, integration of GIS and MCDM is useful for nursery management which are related to different criteria such as temperature, lighting and humidity. In the field of livestock, it is possible to pinpoint location of cattles on map in the moment and calculate their population density. In the field of irrigation, GIS can help us to investigate quality of groundwaters by applying spatial statistics methods. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

98 - Analysis of the Service Area of Tehran Subway Stations and the Allocation of new Stations using the ANP Method
Ebrahim Nejat Mohammad Hassan Vahidnia Hossein Aghamohammadi

The rapid growth of population and urbanization in recent decades has created many problems in human daily life. One of the important issues in this connection is urban transportation, especially public transportation, and it is of great interest today. Studying the eff More

The rapid growth of population and urbanization in recent decades has created many problems in human daily life. One of the important issues in this connection is urban transportation, especially public transportation, and it is of great interest today. Studying the effective factors and evaluating the location of subway stations is one of the important and necessary issues in the urban context. The importance and prestige of any city depends on its city services. The more these services and facilities are at an ideal level, the more comfortable the conditions are for the citizens' lives and the more the satisfaction of the citizens, which is one of the most important urban services of public transportation, especially the urban subway. Accordingly, the scientific goal of this research is to use GIS analysis to identify service areas and use multi-criteria decision models to locate new stations. This research has been carried out through several steps, including identifying variables, preparing standard criteria maps, obtaining the weight of layers, applying the weight of layers, and fuzzy overlapping of layers. Analytical Network Process (ANP) model was used to weight the criteria. In the results of weighting, the distance from the fault, the distance from the parking lot, and the population without cars had the greatest impact on positioning. Finally, suitable places for the construction of the metro station were suggested. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

99 - Spatial analysis of green spaces in Shiraz using geographic information system
Marziyeh Mogholi

The purpose of this research is to analyze the location of parks in Shiraz city and to examine the neighborhood pattern and the radius of access of existing green spaces in order to provide approaches and a suitable model for optimizing the spatial distribution system a More

The purpose of this research is to analyze the location of parks in Shiraz city and to examine the neighborhood pattern and the radius of access of existing green spaces in order to provide approaches and a suitable model for optimizing the spatial distribution system and location pattern of green spaces in Shiraz city. The science of this research is descriptive-analytical and applied. First, all the required spatial data were collected and a database was created in the GIS environment and ArcMap software. Then, using the AHP hierarchical process analysis method, the criteria of coverage radius, population and its density, accessibility, neighboring uses, etc. were weighted.According to the findings, it was found that accessibility criteria and population density are the most important effective factors in the distribution of urban uses. Also, in the distribution of green space, criteria of compatible and incompatible contiguity, population density and road network were studied and the contiguity of large green spaces and the final map to select the most suitable places and the most unsuitable places of green spaces were determined.According to the findings, it was found that a number of green spaces in the neighborhood system with all the studied uses except residential use are in a bad condition. Also, according to the final map, the most suitable places for building green spaces are the utskirts of Shiraz city in the south, east and west parts. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

100 - Exploring OpenStreetMap to collect volunteered geographic information on the occurrence of road accidents
Seyed Amir Hossein Kiaei Mohammad Hassan Vahidnia Saeed Behzadi

Road accidents are one of the events that have caused the most loss of life in recent years compared to accidents such as floods, earthquakes, etc. in our country. Currently, we are witnessing the death or injury of some people in these accidents every day. Various fact More

Road accidents are one of the events that have caused the most loss of life in recent years compared to accidents such as floods, earthquakes, etc. in our country. Currently, we are witnessing the death or injury of some people in these accidents every day. Various factors are involved in these accidents, one of which is the insecurity of the roads and the existence of problems in them. In this regard, if complete information about unsafe and accident-prone roads is available and necessary and sufficient measures are taken to fix the problems, the number of accidents will definitely decrease; Therefore, collecting accident data and other information related to the points that are prone to accidents is a very important to reduce accidents and improve road safety. One of the ways to obtain comprehensive and up-to-date information is to use Volunteered Geospatial Data (VGI). Based on this method, people provide the system with their data collected for a specific purpose. After VGI has been collected, sharing this data requires a system in the form of a web-based application so that users can share information about incidents or hazards on the road. OSM is one of the appropriate and cost-effective geo-web portals for planning in times of crisis. Therefore, in this research, OSM was investigated and used along with VGI to investigate the occurrence of accidents in Iran. In this research, the functionality of the OSM in terms of geographic data regarding accidents and unsafe roads has been investigated. Four spatial data recording methods were examined and finally the Editing with iD method was evaluated as more effective. The obtained results show the efficiency of OSM in registering voluntary geographic information related to accidents. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

101 - Understanding the smartening pattern by participatory software voluntary location-based Crowdsourcing (vgis) in order to create a citizen-centered smart city
fatemeh daneshvar Amir Gandomkar Ahmad Khademolhoseiny Mohammad Hossein Nadimi

The concept of citizen participation is not new, but nowadays there is a greater desire to use new participatory technologies with population-based or community-based strategies, such as location-based voluntary crowdsourced collaborative software (VGIS) in making citie More

The concept of citizen participation is not new, but nowadays there is a greater desire to use new participatory technologies with population-based or community-based strategies, such as location-based voluntary crowdsourced collaborative software (VGIS) in making cities smarter. This research is innovative in this sense. The purpose of this research is to know the effective factors in making smart using crowdsourced, voluntary, location-based technology (VGIS) from the point of view of experts and active researchers worldwide in the field of VGIS. The statistical population of this research is experts and researchers who have research records in the field of crowdsourcing technologies, voluntary geographic information system and citizen-oriented smart city. Using non-probability and purposeful sampling, 40 international experts formed the Delphi panel of the research. The current research is one of the applied researches based on its purpose and its method is descriptive-analytical according to the subject of the research and its nature. A mixed research approach has been chosen and among various types of mixed research designs, explanatory design and exploratory design have been chosen that are more suitable for these studies and exploratory factor analysis model has been used in the analysis of the results. The results of the research will help the researchers and executive officials of intelligentization in understanding the framework of the basic model in the use of crowdsourced, voluntary, location-based technology (VGIS). The exploratory model of this research includes 6 main factors of citizens, design, environmental and contextual conditions, cost, inherent and external quality of data and technical and infrastructure factors that should be considered in the design and use of technology (VGIS). Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

102 - Investigating the outsourcing status of sports facilities in Semnan using geographic information system
bahador shirincheshmeh mohmmad sanaie farshad emami

Outsourcing, as one of the tools for developing organizations and improving productivity in the form of downsizing, has attracted the attention of managers and officials of organizations and has been implemented in different ways. Geographic information. The current res More

Outsourcing, as one of the tools for developing organizations and improving productivity in the form of downsizing, has attracted the attention of managers and officials of organizations and has been implemented in different ways. Geographic information. The current research is a mixed qualitative and quantitative type. It is descriptive-correlation in terms of type and applied in terms of purpose, which was conducted in the form of a survey. In the qualitative part, geographic information system (GIS) software was used to map the distribution of sports places. In the qualitative part, the statistical population is 30 sports complexes (indoor and outdoor) from the sports places of Semnan city. Also, to check the relationships between the research variables, 224 people voluntarily answered the researcher-made questionnaire, whose validity and reliability had already been checked. Structural modeling and measurement of multiple relationships between variables (smart pls software) were used to investigate and determine the extent of relationships between variables. The results of the survey showed that the distribution of sports spaces in the north and center of Semnan city is more than other parts, the per capita sports space of Semnan city in Semnan province ranks first and the area of sports spaces ranks second after Shahroud. Taekwondo, football and gymnastics are the sports priorities in Semnan city, and in total, the relationships between the variables showed that causal conditions and background conditions are effective on the outsourcing of sports facilities. It is suggested to the trustees of sports organizations to prevent parallel work with an inter-organizational division of work, so that in this way, sports organizations in a dynamic, complex and fast world can outsource sports venues to experienced people. to prevent the negative results of outsourcing and on the other hand to cause better financial performance of outsourcing. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

103 - Distribution of sports human resources and sports fields in Semnan province using geographic information system (GIS)
باقر morsal hoseein ziari

Sports and physical activity as a social phenomenon has affected the lifestyle of many people all over the world in different physical, economic, educational, political and social ways. be This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms More

Sports and physical activity as a social phenomenon has affected the lifestyle of many people all over the world in different physical, economic, educational, political and social ways. be This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the research is experts and sports elites of Semnan province (84 people). Finally, the researcher made a questionnaire. In order to check the distribution of athletes, Arc-GIS software was used. The results showed that, in total, Semnan, Shahrood cities have the most athletes and Aradan city has the lowest amount of athletes, and in the examination of the coach-to-athlete ratio, Mehdi city is superior to other cities. Finally, Shahrood, Semnan, and Garmsar have the most athletes compared to other provinces. And football, badminton, wushu and basketball are among the priorities of Semnan province's sports fields. Due to the inequality and imbalance of sports fields at the first level The province, without a doubt, has a serious responsibility towards the sports community today, and all officials and people involved in the field of sports should take steps for the development and growth of sports. Because the modern world is a complex place for the growth and development of humanity. Sports is a very important part of this modern era. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

104 - Analysis and zonation map of Tehran air quality monitoring data using grand and Rs
ALI Rahabloo Hosin Aghamohamdi majid rahimzadegan mohamadali Rajaee

Background and Objective:As the biggest metropolis of Iran, Tehran is among the most polluted cities of the world. Due to the detrimental effects of air pollution on health and environment, determining the exact pollutant and areas of pollution is necessary. The aim of More

Background and Objective:As the biggest metropolis of Iran, Tehran is among the most polluted cities of the world. Due to the detrimental effects of air pollution on health and environment, determining the exact pollutant and areas of pollution is necessary. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of MODIS data. Methods:This study measure particulate matter (particle pollution) in urban areas and make air quality maps using these data and the ground data. Data related to the pollutants pm10, o3, co, so2,pm2.5 in 1394 using simple kriging method as a method of  ground statistics in different modes were evaluated and maps of pollutants levels were drawn. In addition, satellite images of the first level and second level data of this sensor for qualitative and quantitative analysis of particulate matter was used in large areas. Then, using the Normalized Difference dust Index (NDDI) related to the first level data and parameters such as optical depth and Angstrom view related to the second level data, their correlation and RMSE with ground data related to the pollutant PM10was calculated. Findings:Results indicate that there was proper correlation between satellite images parameters and ground measurements. Discussion and Conclusion: This correlation indicates the images ability of this sensor to detect atmospheric dust. Also, in this study the role of meteorological parameters influencing air pollution was investigated and results indicate that the dominant pollutant index in the year94, was the particulate matter pm2—.5and PM10.Continuous stability of weather condition is among the effective factors that increase the density of pollutants that leads to the pollutants accumulation.     Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

105 - Bearing Capacity Zoning of Shallow Foundations in District 1 in Shiraz Municipality Using Geographic Information System (GIS)
Sara Afarid alireza Hajiani Boushehriana

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

106 - Deep Excavation Hazard Assessment Zoning in District 1 in Shiraz Municipality Using Geographic Information System (GIS)
Sara Afarid Alireza Hajiani Boushehrian

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

107 - A survey of gastrointestinal parasitic fauna of Baluchi sheep in Sistan region and its mapping using the Geographic Information System (GIS)
Bargozideh Toneii Omid Dariush Saadati Reza Nabavi Milad Moradi Mehdi Rasekh

10.30495/jvcp.2019.666730

Parasitic infestation of breeding sheep can cause weight loss, production loss and condemnation of edible organs at slaughter. This study was designed to evaluate gastrointestinal parasitic infections in sheep of Sistan region. Fecal samples from 395 sheep were collecte More

Parasitic infestation of breeding sheep can cause weight loss, production loss and condemnation of edible organs at slaughter. This study was designed to evaluate gastrointestinal parasitic infections in sheep of Sistan region. Fecal samples from 395 sheep were collected randomly. Coordinates of the sampling locations were recorded using a GPS device. Fecal tests were conducted using the Clayton-Lane floatation method. In this study only cestode eggs of the genus Moniezia and protozoan oocysts of the genus Eimeria were found in the faeces. Prevalence of Moniezia was 21 percent (83 cases) and prevalence of Eimeria was 39 percent (154 cases). There was no nematode or trematode eggs in the selected fecal samples. Chi-square test showed that there was no significant difference between the prevalence of Moniezia in cold and warm seasons but the prevalence of Eimeria in the warm season was significantly greater than the cold season (p < /em>=0.008). The results showed that gastrointestinal parasitic fauna of sheep in Sistan region is different from other regions of the country. This may be due to hot and dry weather of Sistan. In addition, the 120 days' winds of Sistan displace a large volume of soil in this region that can cause scattering of sheep stool in the desert, preventing completion of the life cycle of parasites. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

108 - Evaluation of the ecological potential for the development of Shabestar city Using geographic information system and network analysis process
Dariush Sattarzadeh Mohammad Zanghaneh Nasrin Ashrafi

10.30495/jisaud.2022.694841

Planning to achieve sustainable development by using the evaluation of ecological capacity in order to choose the best places for development, is a new approach that nowadays, has attracted the attention of urban and regional planners and is considered as an important f More

Planning to achieve sustainable development by using the evaluation of ecological capacity in order to choose the best places for development, is a new approach that nowadays, has attracted the attention of urban and regional planners and is considered as an important factor to achieve it. In this research, using the integration of network analysis process and geographic information system, the ecological potential of urban development in Shabestar city has been evaluated in order to determine the suitable areas for this purpose. In order to achieve the goal, first the effective criteria in urban development were identified according to the research conducted and experts' opinions were collected through the Delphi method, and finally 7 criteria and 11 sub-criteria were selected. Then, using the pairwise comparison method, the importance of the criteria was determined relative to each other, and the criteria were weighted using the network analysis process. Finally, the information layers needed in the GIS environment were applied to them based on the fuzzy logic of valuation and the obtained weights, and the ecological power map was obtained using the weighted superimposition of the layers. The results obtained from the research show that 28% of the area of Shabestar city has completely adequate capacity, 24% has adequate capacity, which indicates the high capacity of the region for development. These areas mainly include the southern part of the city, which extends from east to west. On the other hand, only 14% of the area is completely unsuitable and 17% is designated as unsuitable, which includes the northern heights of the city. Based on these matters and according to the final classification map, it can be concluded that the favorable areas for the future physical development of Shabestar city are mostly in the southern part of this city. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

109 - The Selection of Site for Temporary Sheltering After the earthquake (Case Study of Isfahan)
Sara Karimpoor Mehdi Momeni

Since the most basic needs of earthquake victims is to have a shelter and that after the earthquake, we can’t quickly provide suitable places for earthquake victims, before the occurrence of such crises, we should provide appropriate places in terms of (urban acce More

Since the most basic needs of earthquake victims is to have a shelter and that after the earthquake, we can’t quickly provide suitable places for earthquake victims, before the occurrence of such crises, we should provide appropriate places in terms of (urban accessibility, security, avoidance of risk prone areas, etc.) for such victims. Therefore, the present study is to predict the best places for temporary housing of victims of the potential earthquake in the city of Isfahan. The type of this research is practical and the method of it is analytical documentary. In this study, by using basic standards of compatible and incompatible applications, accessibility and density of population and traffic by using the method of network analysis (AHP) and the use of fuzzy logic, standards set by the experts were measured and finally by the fuzzy analysts of geographic information system (GIS) were overlapped on weight. The results of this study indicate that parts of the area with sufficient open spaces and at the same time compatible with surrounding land uses have relatively better potential for establishment of victims. In return, regions such as the northern parts of the city due to the lack of rescue and rehabilitation uses and absence of adequate and valuable planning space have the least possible capacity of planning for temporary housing of earthquake victims. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

110 - An Analysis of Land Use Changing and Opportunities, Obstacles to Growth and Urban Development (Case Study: Zabol City)
Mohsen Ahadnejad ashraf azimzadeh irani saeid najafy

The main purpose of this research is to analyze the process of land use change and evaluate the opportunities and obstacles to the progress and growth of Zabol city. For this purpose, ETM, TIRS and OLI Landsat 5,7 and 8 satellite images were selected for the period of 1 More

The main purpose of this research is to analyze the process of land use change and evaluate the opportunities and obstacles to the progress and growth of Zabol city. For this purpose, ETM, TIRS and OLI Landsat 5,7 and 8 satellite images were selected for the period of 1395-1365.Then the indicators were extracted in two groups of internal and external factors according to Delphi experts.The results showed that in Zabol City most land use changes were made in the agricultural land area due to population increase and the need for housing and other urban needs. So, during the29 years of study, the lands constructed from 2578.10hectares in1365 reached 3419.92 hectares in1394.Also,the results of the Heldron model in Zabol City showed that around85% of the city's physical growth in the years 1365- 1394 was related to population growth and15% growth,related to the horizontal and sparse growth of the city, which reduced the density Gross population and an increase in per capita gross urban land. Zabol city was weak in terms of internal and external factors, but its severity was higher in external factors,but due to serious threats,Zabol city was in weak condition and its strategy was defensive. Thus, it can be said that the development of Zabol in the year1394-1365 is unbalanced, which indicates the landless changes in agricultural lands that need to guide,grow and develop the city with desirable programs.In other words,in addition to meeting the requirements of housing and other services needed by cities,they would prevent unnecessary construction. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

111 - Explaining the Relationship between Thermal Islands and a Number of Morphological Factors of the City Using Remote Sensing and GIS (Case Study: Ahvaz)
Elaheh Azimi Reza Akbari Mohsen Armin

In this research, land use map was prepared by maximum likelihood method in 8 areas of Ahvaz city and altitude and slope maps were prepared. To evaluate the classification accuracy of the land use map, the error of the classified image was compared with a reference imag More

In this research, land use map was prepared by maximum likelihood method in 8 areas of Ahvaz city and altitude and slope maps were prepared. To evaluate the classification accuracy of the land use map, the error of the classified image was compared with a reference image containing a number of ground control points. The map of urban thermal islands was prepared using a separate window algorithm on the Landsat 8 satellite data set in the ENVI software environment. The results showed that the prepared land use map has an kappa coefficient of 86% and good accuracy and credit. The relationship between land use and thermal islands, the results indicate that the eight cities of Ahvaz with an average temperature of 43.3 and the fourth region with an average temperature of 32.6 had the highest and lowest temperatures, respectively. By comparing the percentage of land use classes in the eight and four districts of Ahvaz, it can be said that industrial land use will increase the average temperature of urban areas and space land use will reduce the average temperature of urban areas. Areas with a slope of zero to 1.5 percent have an average temperature of 34 degrees and areas with a slope of 10 to 37 percent have an average temperature of 41 degrees Celsius. In urban areas with altitudes below sea level and urban areas with an altitude of 64 to 80 meters above sea level, the average temperature is 34 and 41 degrees Celsius, respectively. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

112 - Identification and zoning of prone areas to flood risk in Hashtrood city using MARCOS multi-criteria decision-making method
sayyad Asghari Saraskanrood Elnaz Piroozi

The current research seeks to zoning Hashtrood city against flood risk. In this study, the effective factors for causing flood risk in the region were first identified through field investigations, study of sources and survey of experts' opinions. Then, the informa More

The current research seeks to zoning Hashtrood city against flood risk. In this study, the effective factors for causing flood risk in the region were first identified through field investigations, study of sources and survey of experts' opinions. Then, the information layers were prepared by the geographic information system, and the evaluation and standardization of benchmark maps were done together using the fuzzy method. In the next step, the investigated factors were examined in the form of CRITIC weighting, and finally, the final analysis and modeling was done using the MARCOS method as one of the multi-criteria decision-making analysis methods. The results of the present research showed that the factors of altitude, slope, geology and precipitation respectively; With a weighting factor of 0.150, 0.143, 0.139 and 0.133, they are the most important causes of floods in Hashtrood city. In addition, 514.06 and 150.95 square kilometers, respectively, of the area of the area, are in the very high risk class, which indicates the potential of this city for floods. According to the validation results, the area under the ROC curve was calculated as 0.89 for the Marcus method, and therefore, the accuracy of this method is excellent. The map of vulnerable areas resulting from the current research can be effective as a valuable input for decision makers in the process of implementing emergency plans as well as long-term flood reduction management options. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

113 - Management and disposal of urban runoff using the GIS geographic information system (Case study: Mahshahr port)
Maryam Ilanlou mostafa ghanavati sadegh besharati

The purpose of constructing surface water collection networks is to provide the possibility of securing the city against unforeseen events (cessation) and improving urban health, etc. During the recent rains in Mahshahr port, most of the roads and streets were severely More

The purpose of constructing surface water collection networks is to provide the possibility of securing the city against unforeseen events (cessation) and improving urban health, etc. During the recent rains in Mahshahr port, most of the roads and streets were severely flooded due to the lack of canals and even streams. The purpose of this study is to manage and repel runoff using geographic information system in Mahshahr port. For this purpose, using the geographic information system, first the digital layers of the region including height, slope, slope direction and drainage network of the city were prepared. Then, using fuzzy logic method, spaces with runoff potential in the area were identified. The research findings indicate that the focus of these spaces is in the east, center and northeast and southeast of the region. Then, using the RiverTools technique and according to the map of the city's drainage network, the best routes were prepared for the construction of the proposed canals. These channels include sub-channels, main secondary channels and main secondary channels. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

114 - Investigation and Potential of Landslide Risk Using Fuzzy Logic Model in Kahman Basin Lorestan Province
dariush abolfathi sayyad asghari saraskanroud Ehsan Ghale

Landslides as one of the natural hazards can cause a lot of damage every year. Kahman catchment with potential mountainous features and different natural conditions has potential landslide potential. The purpose of this study was to investigate landslide hazard using fu More

Landslides as one of the natural hazards can cause a lot of damage every year. Kahman catchment with potential mountainous features and different natural conditions has potential landslide potential. The purpose of this study was to investigate landslide hazard using fuzzy logic model in Kahman basin of Lorestan province. In this study, first, effective parameters on landslide occurrence were extracted and then the relevant layers were prepared. Then the landslide distribution map of the basin occurred. Then, by integrating the landslide map with the landslide distribution map, the effect of each of the slope factors, slope direction, lithology, precipitation, land use, distance from fault and waterway were calculated in ArcGIS software environment. In this study, fuzzy logic model with fuzzy community operator, fuzzy sharing operator, fuzzy algebraic multiplier operator, fuzzy algebraic sum operator, and fuzzy gamma operator were applied. Based on zoning using gamma-fuzzy operator, 64.37, 7.45, 8.93, 12.49 and 6.76 percent of the area were classified as very low, low, medium, high and very high risk classes has taken. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

115 - Prioritization of forest degradation factors in West Gilan during 24-years, using remote sensing techniques
bahman Noghreh Alizadeh Deravi mehrdad ghodskhah daryaee abouzar heidari safari kouchi

The purpose of this study was to estimate the level of deforestation in Astara county over a 24 year period and to prioritize the effective factors on deforestation in the area. For this purpose, the forest cover map of the study area for the years 1987 and 2011 was pre More

The purpose of this study was to estimate the level of deforestation in Astara county over a 24 year period and to prioritize the effective factors on deforestation in the area. For this purpose, the forest cover map of the study area for the years 1987 and 2011 was prepared and compared using Landsat 8 satellite TM images. In this study, 100 training samples for two classes of forest and non-forest were used and the images were classified according to the maximum probability method. The physiographic factors map of slope, direction, elevation and human factors of distance from road and distance from residential areas were also obtained using digital elevation model (DEM) and related objects map. Existing maps were matched and zoning map of destruction risk of the area prepared in GIS environment and finally correlation between levels of destruction and factors affecting the destruction were taken. The results showed that the forest area of the study area decreased over the 5744 hectares during 24 years. Distance from residential areas and distance from the roads were had the most correlation with the level of destruction. The direction and altitude factors had no significant relationship with degradation but slope had a moderate effect on degradation. As a result, human factors were identified as the main causes of deforestation in the region. Therefore, the restoration and protection of forests in the region should be prioritized through the control of human-made areas. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

116 - The impact of prevailing wind changes on Mashhad airport flights with climate change approach
محمد خلیل نژاد محمد خلیل نژاد رضا برنا منوچهر فرج زاده اصل منوچهر فرج زاده اصل

 Floods are one of the most frequent and destructive natural disasters that cause severe financial and financial losses every year. Flood damage is on the rise due to human manipulation of river systems and river construction. In this regard, one of the most import More

 Floods are one of the most frequent and destructive natural disasters that cause severe financial and financial losses every year. Flood damage is on the rise due to human manipulation of river systems and river construction. In this regard, one of the most important non-structural measures to reduce flood damage is the preparation of flood risk zoning maps and their use in spatial planning. In this regard, the HEC-HMS model was used to simulate rainfall-runoff and identify flood zones and fuzzy logic was used to overlay the subject layers and prepare the flood line map. The simulation results show the high efficiency of HEC-HMS model in simulation of rainfall-runoff of Rudball catchment and estimation of peak flood discharges. The conversion of rainfall to runoff at the surface of the Rudball Basin is mainly controlled by geomorphometry and land cover. The highest peak runoff and peak flow rates are in the upstream sub-basins of the Rudball Basin. This is due to high slope, low soil permeability, abundance of impermeable surfaces and high CN. The combination of thematic layers using fuzzy logic showed that about 8.6% of the basin area was located in areas with high risk of flooding. These zones mainly correspond to the floodplain of the Rudbal River. These lands are always exposed to floods due to the low valley and low slope. Most of the settlements in the study area are located downstream of the basin. This has increased the risk of flooding. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

117 - Investigating the vulnerability of Khanj plain aquifer - Larestan fissure using drastic model
Abdolrasool Ghanbari

Groundwater is the second largest source of fresh water in the world. About a third of the world's population depends on this resource. Existence of important sources of diffuse and point pollutants, due to human activities on the ground and the penetration of these pol More

Groundwater is the second largest source of fresh water in the world. About a third of the world's population depends on this resource. Existence of important sources of diffuse and point pollutants, due to human activities on the ground and the penetration of these pollutants into the aquifer, reduces the quality of groundwater. Vulnerability assessment is a low-cost method in identifying areas prone to pollution that plays a key role in the management of water resources. It is a suitable management tool to prevent groundwater pollution. For this research, the hydrogeological parameters of the drastic model include water depth, net nutrition, aquifer environment, soil environment, topography, effects of unsaturated area and hydraulic conductance, stinging pain. Larestan fissure, located in the south of Fars province, was studied. Arc GIS software was used to prepare vulnerability maps by overlapping hydrogeological layers. According to the findings of this study, the groundwater of the study plain is at high risk of contamination, so that about 62% of the area is in moderate to high vulnerability. These areas are generally located downstream and in the center of the plain. Considering that groundwater is the most important water source in the region, prevention of pollutants entering groundwater by creating quality protection zones around water sources and observing the rules of discharging pollutants to receiving sources, is an effective solution. To maintain the quality of these resources. Important management tools such as vulnerability maps and quality privacy are important for planning for proper deployment of land uses and their management on the aquifer. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

118 - Simulation of rainfall-runoff and flood potential using model HEC-HMS and Fuzzy Logic Case Study of Rudbal Watershed in Fars Province
محمد ابراهیم عفیفی محمد ابراهیم عفیفی

 Floods are one of the most frequent and destructive natural disasters that cause severe financial and financial losses every year. Flood damage is on the rise due to human manipulation of river systems and river construction. In this regard, one of the most import More

 Floods are one of the most frequent and destructive natural disasters that cause severe financial and financial losses every year. Flood damage is on the rise due to human manipulation of river systems and river construction. In this regard, one of the most important non-structural measures to reduce flood damage is the preparation of flood risk zoning maps and their use in spatial planning. In this regard, the HEC-HMS model was used to simulate rainfall-runoff and identify flood zones and fuzzy logic was used to overlay the subject layers and prepare the flood line map. The simulation results show the high efficiency of HEC-HMS model in simulation of rainfall-runoff of Rudball catchment and estimation of peak flood discharges. The conversion of rainfall to runoff at the surface of the Rudball Basin is mainly controlled by geomorphometry and land cover. The highest peak runoff and peak flow rates are in the upstream sub-basins of the Rudball Basin. This is due to high slope, low soil permeability, abundance of impermeable surfaces and high CN. The combination of thematic layers using fuzzy logic showed that about 8.6% of the basin area was located in areas with high risk of flooding. These zones mainly correspond to the floodplain of the Rudbal River. These lands are always exposed to floods due to the low valley and low slope. Most of the settlements in the study area are located downstream of the basin. This has increased the risk of flooding. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

119 - The development of sustainable energy with the optimal site selection for solar power plants ( Case Study: Mazandaran province)
Reza Lahmian

The use of sustainable energy, especially solar energy can be the best option for energy supply. The first step is to develop the use of solar energy and then locate potential survey areas where other plants have the situation is. Mazandaran province has the potential t More

The use of sustainable energy, especially solar energy can be the best option for energy supply. The first step is to develop the use of solar energy and then locate potential survey areas where other plants have the situation is. Mazandaran province has the potential to exploit solar energy. In this study, the criteria of sunshine, slope, distance from populated areas, away from roads, away from power lines, land use and limitations layer criteria is intended to locate the plant. In this study, the criteria of sunshine, slope, distance from populated areas, away from roads, away from power lines, land use and limitations layer criteria is intended to locate the plant. In general, finding the right place or places great importance in every field so that the whole range of research has focused on, The most important GIS is largely achievable. Methods This cross-sectional study to examine the issue of the Geographic Information System (GIS) and analytical network process (ANP) has been used. ANP is a multi-criteria decision-making techniques in a series of compensatory models will be, and All interactions and relationships between levels of decision-making at the network structure can be used in, But since less network analysis to determine the final priority options are used to more sophisticated methods such as TOPSIS technique was used. After taking the required layers and reclassification, possible locations in the study area was determined. In order to evaluate the result of three main factors topsis population, proximity to transmission lines and close to the examined. The evaluation indicated that TOPSIS high compliance with the above three criteria are ideal options. Finally, it was found that about 4771/960 square kilometers of area of the province, there is the possibility to construct solar power plants.. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

120 - Multiple Criteria Location Allocation of Green Spaces by using Land-use Suitability Analysis Method (Case Study: Arak)
enayat alah mohaghegh nasab Mahin Nastaran Mahmoud Mohammadi

Urban land use and its location has always been of interesting topics to scholars of the city and urban planning. So that the scholars always have tried to pay attention to base and surroundings proximity, compatibility and incompatibilities, utility and other factors, More

Urban land use and its location has always been of interesting topics to scholars of the city and urban planning. So that the scholars always have tried to pay attention to base and surroundings proximity, compatibility and incompatibilities, utility and other factors, in location allocation of urban land uses. With the arrival of the computer age and development of geographic information systems, the possibility of attention to these factors and their effectiveness in the process of planning, is more than before. In this regard and in order to realization of consideration to these factors in planning, this study is trying to answer the following question, Among the areas with development potential in area, which one is more suitable for use in order to green land use? In this article which is applied in terms of purpose and is descriptive analytical in terms, of method, land-use suitability analysis, linear combination and Delphi methods, have been used. The finding of this article that obtained from overlaying analytical compatibility maps, the value of land, land ownership, functional radius, proximity to roads, passive defense, and crisis management and natural and geographical factors of Arak, indicate that, which one of the lands with development potential in Arak, is more suitable for use in order to green land uses. Also the results of this article showed that, the combination of multi criteria location allocation based on geographic information system and Delphi jury method, can be used as decision support system of location allocation of green land use and provide acceptable results. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

121 - Locating the optimal model of urban green space using Fuzzy Logic and AHP,By GIS. Case study: the city of Mashhad
Davod Hatami Zahra Arabi Esmail Rahmani

Today, with respect to the role and importance of urban green space in urban life and its physical stability and effectiveness of urban systems and benefits in different ecological, social and economic, it is undeniable  to use green space per capita in urban areas More

Today, with respect to the role and importance of urban green space in urban life and its physical stability and effectiveness of urban systems and benefits in different ecological, social and economic, it is undeniable  to use green space per capita in urban areas as one of the basic issues in planning and urban management. Urban green space, including land use and distribution that it is important in the Mashhad city, including the cities of the status of green space, is not appropriate; so that based on the findings, the average green space per capita in Mashhad is 5.51, m , while the standard MHUD is 12 square meters per capita . Therefore, it has suggested, there seems to exist a huge gap. However, its spatial distribution is very unbalanced and disproportionate. Green space areas such as Samen with 1.2, square meters and 21 square meters has per capita area of only seven. The method of this study was descriptive-analytic and theoretical-practical. The  nature shows that, contrary to national and international standards for green space, the green space in the city is very low and its spatial distribution in twelve areas in Mashhad, is also facing a severe failure and is not balanced in this regard. In this study for analysis to determine the optimum location of green space model layers required Logic Fuzzy, AHP and means nearest neighbor were used for the operation of the software of ARC / GIS and Expert choice. Five spectra of very good, good, fair, poor and very poor were recognized. Then the act of prioritizing was rendered. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

122 - Evaluation and Analysis of Tourism Climate Comfort Index of East Azarbaijan Province Using the Tourism Climate Index (TCI), Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) By Applying GIS
Sakineh Sojoodi Firouz Aghazadeh Nagizadeh Fahimeh Leila Akhavan

In this research in order to evaluate the tourism Climate Comfort Index, using the Tourism Climate Index (TCI), Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) and climate data gathered from 13 synoptic stations of the state, the state’s comfort condition is explained More

In this research in order to evaluate the tourism Climate Comfort Index, using the Tourism Climate Index (TCI), Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) and climate data gathered from 13 synoptic stations of the state, the state’s comfort condition is explained through one year. In this way, first the climate data related to the studied stations are gathered from Meteorological Organization of the State. After analyzing and processing in Excel and preparing information banks for each one of the indexes with the separation of the each month of the year for every station was calculated. Later, in order to find TCI index, information about this indicator was transferred to the TCI_Calculator software and PET index was transferred to the RayMan Software, Then, using the technique of GIS, Maps of studied indexes were prepared for each month of the year and for each of the stations. The result of studying these indexes showed that, the tourism’s conditions of comfort in the studied stations over the year, based on TCI indicator on January, February, April, July, August, March, May, October, November and December (with three classifications of, marginal, acceptable and good) were the worst in terms of comfort, other months (with three classifications of, very good, excellent and ideal) had the best condition in terms of Tourism comfort. Based on PET indicators June, July, August, May and September had better comforting conditions for tourists, the rest of the year was chosen to have the worst comfort condition for tourists. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

123 - Investigating suitability of land use based on land capability Lake Urmia basin area
Morteza Eyvazi Ali Akbar Nazari Samani Sara Parvizi

10.30495/jonass.2023.1974883.1062

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Open Access Article

124 - Locality Evaluation of Urban Waste Landfill (Case Study: Andika Township)
Ali mohamad emami

Abstract One of the serious, potential and growing problems in many urban areas, especially in developing countries, is the management of waste and the selection of suitable sites for its disposal and burial. This issue is very important for our country, and especially More

Abstract One of the serious, potential and growing problems in many urban areas, especially in developing countries, is the management of waste and the selection of suitable sites for its disposal and burial. This issue is very important for our country, and especially the Andika, due to issues and constraints, and most importantly the challenge of quantity and quality of water. Therefore, in this study, suitable locations for dumping landfills in the Andika city using the integration of GIS spatial knowledge and multi criteria decision analysis on hydrological factors, human factors and accessibility, geomorphology, geology and ecology were extracted and introduced. For this purpose, 15 layers of input map were prepared and analyzed in GIS environment. Effective factors were weighed, limitations were applied and places with high, moderate and low proportions in the Andika township were extracted and suggested. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

125 - An Investigation on Proper Location of Urban Waste Landfill (Case Study: Shooshtar)
saleh torki zadeh Hossein Eslami

Finding a suitable sanitation landfill is a complex process that depends on various factors and criteria. The purpose of this research is to select suitable location for sanitary landfill of municipal solid waste in Shushtar city based on environmental, health and econo More

Finding a suitable sanitation landfill is a complex process that depends on various factors and criteria. The purpose of this research is to select suitable location for sanitary landfill of municipal solid waste in Shushtar city based on environmental, health and economic criteria. In this research, the capabilities and methods based on the GIS and the process of fuzzy hierarchy analysis have been used. In the first stage, the parameters affecting the landfill location include geology, groundwater maps, distance from wells, land use, faults, slope of land, river, flood areas, protected areas, distance maps from main roads, layers The distance was from rural urban centers and were selected. After the standard maps were prepared, standardization of the layers was performed. Then, using the fuzzy hierarchy process analysis, the weight of the criteria was calculated and after applying the weights in the corresponding layers, the overlaying of the layers was performed with the help of fuzzy functions. The result of the combination of layers indicates the proper places for burial, waste. The final landfill map was classified as waste landfill. The results showed that the areas around the villages of Abbagni, Baneh Kazem, Shirkishan and Abdol Amir are suitable as suitable areas for urban waste disposal. Keywords: location, waste landfill, fuzzy hierarchy analysis, geographic information system Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

126 - Evaluation of Equity in Health with the Aim of Achieving Citizens' Equal Access to Health Care Centers (Case Study: Ardebil City)
F. Barandak

Equality in distribution of health facilities is one of the main indicators for increasing the availability of the general health index to the society. So, equitable access to health services for all people in a community leads to promoting the health and equal opportun More

Equality in distribution of health facilities is one of the main indicators for increasing the availability of the general health index to the society. So, equitable access to health services for all people in a community leads to promoting the health and equal opportunities in the society. The aim of this study is the evaluation of equity in health by assessing people's access to health centers using the Geographic Information System (GIS) and data envelopment analysis (DEA) in Ardebil (with Descriptive and analytical Methods). DEA is one of the useful tools in understanding decision-making milieu, with the primary information processing. Thus, with taking advantage of the GIS the spatial index was provided. Hence, the access quality of the ARDEBIL citizen's to health centers by using of the spatial indicators in the structure of CCR-O model was evaluated. According to the results, the average efficiency of the urban core is the 0.45. Among the urban cores of Ardebil, only three urban cores have the perfect efficiency (Including a range of Shohada Square, Sharyati and 15 Khordad, and Shahriyar neighborhoods, Azadegan and the Garapache garden and the area around Shorabil). In Division of the efficiency to 3 categories in format of Quite efficient (1 = μ), acceptable (0.7≤μ) and unacceptable (0.7≥μ), areas in about 1,000 hectares with a 30 thousand residents of South-Central corridor position with over 6.5 km have the perfect and acceptable efficiency; of the total area of 6031 hectares and 421069 spectators of urban cores. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

127 - Simulation of Landuse Changes and Urban Dynamics using CA-Markov Hybrid Model Case Study: Maragheh City
Hoshang sarvar

In recent decades, along with urbanization, various models have been used to urban growth prediction. In this regard, Urban models based on the automata technique have emerged under the paradigm of a self-organizing system, with cellular automata (CA) being the simplest More

In recent decades, along with urbanization, various models have been used to urban growth prediction. In this regard, Urban models based on the automata technique have emerged under the paradigm of a self-organizing system, with cellular automata (CA) being the simplest but most popular in action What happens to each grid cell is defined by a transition rule or transition rules.If the transition rule requires that the state of a grid cell is only dependent on its state at a previous time step, such a model is called a Markov model, and is not considered a CA model. Cellular automata models have one additional feature: the transition rules operate on cells based on the local neighborhood of those cells. In this research, the spatial expansion of Maragheh city was simulated using Cellular automata- Markov chain hybrid model. Satellite images (Landsat) were used for land cover mapping, urban growth monitoring, and modeling land cover changes. Results represent high efficiency of Cellular automata- Markov chain in the urban spatial growth simulation. In the past three decades,development trend of Maragheh city has been more towards barren lands.According to the output of the model,this trend will continue over the next 17 years. So that, the city will be expended due to the transition of barren lands cells state to urban cells state,and 774 hectares from surrounding barren lands will be converted to urban lands. However, with continue of the previous trend, nearly 417 hectares of good agricultural lands will also change to urban lands. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

128 - Designing socio-economic database in GIS (a case study of Ardebil province)
alireza estelaji

Introduction   Capabilities of a database, information management and availability of data that is based on need. The purpose of this study design, data base analysis in GIS environment needs to be done. Data structure should be designed so that the logical connec More

Introduction   Capabilities of a database, information management and availability of data that is based on need. The purpose of this study design, data base analysis in GIS environment needs to be done. Data structure should be designed so that the logical connection between the data maintained and based on the existing data management system can be implemented. Database of economic - social Ardebil in GIS (GIS) and its data model mapping (digital or Gallery) and the raster (image or cell) in the form of database software Arc GIS version 9.3 is stored. Research Methodology The aim of the study and application of methods and descriptive nature - is analytic. Results   Gallery of data containing location and descriptive data are included in the spatial data layers of national divisions, centers, layers, units politically, the country's international borders with Azerbaijan province, the province's streams and rivers, and the height of the curves, the road layer, inner layer of the lake, the cities and digital elevation model of Earth's layers, such as video, satellite images and maps of the province is scanned. The huge volume of spatial data in vector model in the form of a geographic database (GDB) have been entered into the GIS.   * Responsible Author:                                                                  a.estelaji@iausr.ac.ir                 Conclusion   The data types stored in the system, Location and a description and analysis of reports from various databases provided then Use them to help in planning and decision-makers need to be related to possible, This article has been cited in some of them.   Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

129 - Trading Function Development of Geographical Information System (GIS) (Application –concepts)
parviz rezaee mahamad taleghani

A lot of function and analyses in a Geographic Information System Software are adaptable to a trading model .It has led to the emergence of a new tendency as Geographic Information Service beside the current pattern of Geographic Information System .By this Pattern anyo More

A lot of function and analyses in a Geographic Information System Software are adaptable to a trading model .It has led to the emergence of a new tendency as Geographic Information Service beside the current pattern of Geographic Information System .By this Pattern anyone without a Special knowledge in Geographic Information Systems can use analytical abilities of Software in Geographic Information Systems. The use of a distributed accounting pattern to create a correct and perfect Geographic Information Service is proposal .Also regarding the increasing Spread use of cell-phones the commercial use of these services to be used in cell-phones are particularly considered. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

130 - Evaluate and optimize the site selection of public parking’s (case study Rasht city)
farhad javan marzieh ghanipoor

Parking is one of the most important urban infrastructures that have a major role in reducing Marginal Park and trafficflow.Nowadays in the megacities due to land and space constraints with creation public parkingapply optimal management to increase services of large co More

Parking is one of the most important urban infrastructures that have a major role in reducing Marginal Park and trafficflow.Nowadays in the megacities due to land and space constraints with creation public parkingapply optimal management to increase services of large content of vehicles,Public parking when can be sufficiently aware effective that have optimal geospatial site selection. Now, Rasht city and transport network its, is encountered with main problem the lack of parking for residential users and other usersand perform the work, regardless of the land use has caused that this problem will occur slowly as a urban problems.This problem in crowded places,that urban multi land use, especially have administrative - business and leisure land usemanifests itself in the form of a serious.since Rasht haven't highway network.in addition to the regional transit it is open to shipping through other parts of the province and non-optimal positioning of the existing parking is on of the main problems in the city.In this study, for optimal site selection of public parkingfor greater efficiency the study area.Initially, was preliminary study to identify influencing factors for optimal Parking site selection, Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)Weighting factors were takenand Finally, using a geographic information system (GIS)were proposed appropriate zones for the construction of public parking. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

131 - An Environmental Investigation into Khorramabad's Landfill and Optimal Site Selection of Landfill using Weighted Linear Combination (WLC)
Siamak Baharvand Jafar Rahnamarad Salman Soori

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Open Access Article

132 - Capability of Geographic Information System (GIS) in mapping of performance indicators at academic libraries
Rogheyeh Eskrootchi Farideh Vaziri Heshi Mojgan Janbozorgi

Purpose: This study aims to determine the capabilities of GIS in mapping of library performance indicators at Tehran University of medical sciences and Shahid Beheshti University of medical sciences. Methodology: The descriptive research method was used to carry out th More

Purpose: This study aims to determine the capabilities of GIS in mapping of library performance indicators at Tehran University of medical sciences and Shahid Beheshti University of medical sciences. Methodology: The descriptive research method was used to carry out this research. All central and college libraries in Tehran university of medical sciences and Shahid Beheshti university of medical sciences were selected in sampling. Selected six performance indicators in this study cover broad categories in the library various fields such as: facilities, staff, collections, and expenditures, that required data for calculating them gathered with questionnaire. Finally the data analysis was conducted using ArcGIS version 9.3. Findings: ArcGIS  software has capability of displaying performance indicators in the format clear images to conduct suitable analysis, in other words displaying  these indicators in the form of graphs and tables not only makes analyzing difficult but also it is lacks the precision and generalization. Conclusion: The maps applied for performance indicator analysis with GIS, like a road map to guide people according to their needs and respond to various questions, so they can extract much analysis from these maps; in addition, data analysis is just one of the GIS capabilities among the numerous capabilities Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

133 - Evaluation of Water Use Productivity Indicators in the Main Agricultural Products of Iran
Mohammad Ali Bayat Hossein Babazadeh

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Open Access Article

134 - Temporal and spatial study of water use productivity of strategic crops in regional scale (Case study: Hamedan province)
M.A Bayat H Babazadeh M Manshouri

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Open Access Article

135 - The zoning of drinking water resource quality by combining Analytic Hierarchy Process and GIS in the north of Qazvin Plain
B. Talebi N. Sajadi T. Sharmad

Identifying acceptable drinking water sources depend on the methods which always incorporate the correct and logical choices. One of these methods is combination of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS), which is one of the appropria More

Identifying acceptable drinking water sources depend on the methods which always incorporate the correct and logical choices. One of these methods is combination of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS), which is one of the appropriate assessment tools for groundwater management. The main objective of this study is to evaluate groundwater quality for drinking purposes in Qazvin plain. In order to build the groundwater quality map of this area, water quality parameters of 17 wells including total dissolved solids, hardness, sodium, chloride and sulfate during 2013 was measured. At the first step, the zoning map parameters were drawn by Interpolation method, Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), then classifications of maps were prepared based on Schoeller method. Afterwards the weights of the parameters were determined with the help of AHP. In the final stage, groundwater quality map of the study area was created by multiplying their combined weights to related zones. The results showed that about 83 percent of the area water quality is good and acceptable and about 17 percent is inappropriate. It could be concluded that most of the water in the study area in the Qazvin plain has good quality while central and eastern parts have more drinkable water sources. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

136 - Study of the role of physiographic factors for planting Pisum Sativa in Golestan province
Mahdi Tarashi Ali Rahemi Karizaki Abbas Biabani Mohammad Salahi farahi

The development and preservation of ecological balance will be achieved when used from the land in accordance with its capabilities. Accordingly, identifying the capabilities of the land before loading various activities is very important. Otherwise, many of the investm More

The development and preservation of ecological balance will be achieved when used from the land in accordance with its capabilities. Accordingly, identifying the capabilities of the land before loading various activities is very important. Otherwise, many of the investments will be wasted. As a result, assessing the land use potential for planting different crops is the first strategic priority for increasing production and optimizing resource consumption. In order to study the role of physiographic factors in the ecological capability of Golestan province for the planting of peas, geographic information system and weighted linear combination method were used. Agricultural needs and geological variables including soil texture, elevation, slope and aspect are determined from the available scientific resources, grading and required maps were prepared. For data standardization, fuzzy logic was used and we used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method to weigh the criteria. Finally, using the weighted linear combination (WLC) method in the TerrSet software environment, a potential mapping plan for peas was prepared. The results of the weighting of the criteria with the AHP method showed that the slope with the maximum of 0.2790 and the elevation had the lowest coefficients of 0.1038. Also, the results showed that a large part of the agricultural lands located in the province center (70.51%) has suitable conditions for the planting of peas and 6.08% of the total area of land is less suitable and 7.2% is half suitable, which includes lands Located in the mountainous and highlands of the province. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

137 - Land Suitability for soybean cultivation based on physiographic indices Case Study: Golestan province
Afrough Sadat BaniaghiL Ali Rahemi Karizaki Abbas Biabani Hsan Faramarzi

The rapidly growing world population places considerable pressure on increasingly scarce natural resources, spurring the need to develop more efficient and sustainable agricultural production systems to feed these growing populations. this study to evaluate the agricult More

The rapidly growing world population places considerable pressure on increasingly scarce natural resources, spurring the need to develop more efficient and sustainable agricultural production systems to feed these growing populations. this study to evaluate the agricultural lands in Golestan province for soybeans, using Geographic Information System (GIS) and weighted linear method (WLC) was performed. For this purpose, the needs of the crop and environmental variable factors were determined and graded and according to current elements prepared required map. Studied Physiographic variables were consisted of slope, aspect, elevation and the soil texture. Data were standardized by fuzzy method, and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used for weighting the criteria. Finally, soybean cultivation potential map were prepared with using weighted linear combination (WLC) in the software IDRISI The results showed the highest amount weighty criteria by the Analytic Hierarchy Process in the soybean soil texture (0.5228) and elevation whit (0.0765) had the lowest coefficient in the rankings. Then zoning of lands carried out in 4 classes (high suitable, suitable, less suitable and non-suitable Generally results of the weighted linear combination of Physiographic showed that 11.08 and 37.60 percent of the lands for soybean production areas were located in high suitable and suitable zones. In addition, limiting factor of the soybean cultivation in the Golestan province can be cited soil texture. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

138 - Impact of Bioclimatic Factors on Diversity Patterns in Quercus brantii (Persian Oak) Populations within the Western Iranian Forest Ecosystem
Adele Rafezi Mohammad Reza Azimi Mehrshad Zeinalabedini Mohammad reza Ghaffari

10.22034/jon.2023.1997482.1249

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Open Access Article

139 - Qualitative Zoning of Groundwater to Assessment Suitable Drinking Water Using GIS Software in Mohammad Shahr, Meshkinshahr, and Mahdasht in Alborz Province
atousa abbasi Lobat Taghavi Mahdi Sarai Tabrizi

10.22034/ap.2021.1907787.1076

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Open Access Article

140 - Evaluation of rapeseed cultivation potential with analytical hierarchy process model and TOPSIS in Mazandaran Province, Iran
Behrooz Sobhani Boroumand Salahi Mohammad Roshanali

10.22034/aej.2017.535128

Rapeseed cultivation is growing to provide edible oils in temperate regions of Iran. In current study, environmental potential of Mazandaran Province was evaluated for rapeseed cultivation. The climatic data of the synoptic and climatological stations of the province su More

Rapeseed cultivation is growing to provide edible oils in temperate regions of Iran. In current study, environmental potential of Mazandaran Province was evaluated for rapeseed cultivation. The climatic data of the synoptic and climatological stations of the province such as temperature, rainfall, day-growth rate, sunshine, freezing days and relative humidity from 2001 to 2015 related to each phenological stage of rapeseed and environmental capability data such as land use capability, soil depth, elevation, slope and its direction were collected. To prioritize and evaluate the criteria for rapeseed cultivation, a hierarchical process analysis method was used. Then, weighing of the prepared layers based on the criteria and model, spatial analysis of information was carried out using TOPSIS model in GIS environment and a final evaluation of land suitability for canola cultivation was prepared. Finally, Mazandaran province was divided into four unlimited, low, moderate and high-limited regions for rapeseed. The results showed that a large part of Mazandaran Province has ecological potential for rapeseed cultivation. Manuscript profile

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