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Open Access Article
1 - Marital Status and Crowding Intensity (The Case of Multifamily Apartments in Lagos, Nigeria)
Anthony Iweka -
Open Access Article
2 - J−HOUSEHOLDER MATRICES AND CONDENSED FORMS
Mojtaba GhasemiAbstract. The main concept in this paper is the notion of the J-Householder matrix and its main applications. From these cases are the achievement to QR-decomposition, where Q is a J-Orthogonal matrix and R is an upper triangular matrix and reduction to the Hessenberg f MoreAbstract. The main concept in this paper is the notion of the J-Householder matrix and its main applications. From these cases are the achievement to QR-decomposition, where Q is a J-Orthogonal matrix and R is an upper triangular matrix and reduction to the Hessenberg form and the tridiagonal form, for J-symmetric matrices.The reduction problem to condensed forms of triangular, Hessenberg and tridiagonal is one of the important problem in the numerical linear algebra. It is thestructures of these condensed forms that are exploited in the solution of the reduced problem. For example, as we have seen in [2], [3],[7], [8], [6], [9] and [10], thesolution of the linear system Ax = b is usually obtained by first triangularizing thematrix A and then solving an equivalent triangular system. In [8], for reductionto a condensed form, the concept of J−unitary similarity is used, while in the restis used in the ordinary sense. In eigenvalue computations, the matrix A is transformed to a Hessenberg form befor applying the QR iterations. In [1], for reductionto a condensed form, the concept of J−unitary similarity is used. These condensedforms are Householder transformations and mybe J−Householder transformations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Socioeconomic Status of the Fishing Households: Insight from Some Selected Coastal Area of Bangladesh
Md Asaduzzaman Shahali Shahana Mitul Kudrat Jahan -
Open Access Article
4 - Narrative Analysis of the Quality of Life of Female-Headed Households in the 19th District of Tehran in 2020
Sepideh Ahmadi Amirmasoud Amirmazaheri Majid Saffarinia -
Open Access Article
5 - The Socio-demographic Characteristics Associated with Food Insecurity among Vulnerable Households in a District of Tehran
Mahmoud Ghazi Tabatabaei Nasrin Omidvar Jamileh Alihosseini Abouali Vedadhir -
Open Access Article
6 - Gender and Reduction of Poverty in Iran
Tahereh Mirsardoo Kristin Soraya Batmanghelichi -
Open Access Article
7 - مطالعه وضعیت زنان سرپرست خانوار در بلایای طبیعی : (زلزله 1396 کرمانشاه )
Shayesteh Karamkhani Alieh Shekarbeygi Ehsan Rahmani Khalili -
Open Access Article
8 - Identifying Individual Barriers and Development Pattern of Rural Household Jobs with Emphasis on Eastern Regions of Golestan Province
Marzieh Bazrafshan Isa Hassanzadeh Alireza Esmaeeli -
Open Access Article
9 - Contribution of Educational Costs of Government and Household in Human Development of Iran
shaghayegh sanatgaran shiva parvaei shahla kazemipourIn this research, it has been investigated the relationship of educational cost of government and household with the human development of Iran in 1990-2015. Methodology of this research is documentary and secondary data analysis. It has been derived an amount of HDI fro MoreIn this research, it has been investigated the relationship of educational cost of government and household with the human development of Iran in 1990-2015. Methodology of this research is documentary and secondary data analysis. It has been derived an amount of HDI from the UNDP site, data concerning the government’s costs on the education, health, welfare and social security and economic affairs have been derived from the Budget Acts, and household cost data from the statistical calendar. Data analysis and modeling have been generalized by the method of GMM and production function of Cobb-Douglas, and they have been estimated by data from 1990 to 2015. Findings show that governmental costs on the education and health, rural household education and urban household health have a positive effect on HDI, government costs on the welfare and economic affairs and urban household education cost have a negative effect on HDI and rural household health cost has not any effect on HDI. Although, it is expected to increase the educational costs has a direct effect on increasing the human development, but limitation of budget and inefficient management are led to lose resources and have an inverse effect on the human development. To change priorities in allocating more budget on the education and health, rather than welfare and social security, to evaluate and assess national and regional needs in order to attain the economic programs, to make education qualitative and to further achieve villagers to the health facilities allow to increase the human development index. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - "Social support in Kermanshah earthquake" Based on the lived experience of the female-headed households
Shayesteh Karamkhani Alieh ShekarbeygiSocial support is one of the important components of empowerment to solve the problems of the female-headed households in different life situations. the female-headed households are one of the socially vulnerable groups in natural disasters and how they deal with them h MoreSocial support is one of the important components of empowerment to solve the problems of the female-headed households in different life situations. the female-headed households are one of the socially vulnerable groups in natural disasters and how they deal with them has a lot to do with the components of empowerment. The aim of this study was to describe the experience of the female-headed households in social support in earthquakes.The methodology of qualitative research is the method of contextual theory. Data were collected by field method through theoretical sampling and in-depth interviews with 15 the female-headed households in the eight earthquake-stricken areas of Kermanshah to the extent of theoretical saturation. In this study, in order to measure accuracy, the criterion of "reliability and reliability" and the technique of "triangulation" were used. From data analysis, 987 primary open source, 150 secondary concepts, 41 central categories and 8 final major categories including: "transient and cross-sectional", "personal supporters", "instrumental use", "hard life events", "loneliness" And fear "," feeling of abandonment and pessimism "," injustice and discrimination "," feeling of helplessness "and the central concept of" social support; perceived priority of life "were extracted. The results show" social support "as" priority ". "Perceived life" is interpreted by the participants, which if ignored, will have irreparable consequences. Have a great impact on their ability to deal with natural disasters. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - The study of socio-economic characteristics of the rural women and their contribution in the household income. Case study: The rural women of Divandareh town
M.S AliyayiBesides their responsibilities in the family institution as a mother and wife, the Iranian women play important roles in the economic affairs and in the rural regions in the production affairs as well. Amid this situation, the role of rural women in the production and a MoreBesides their responsibilities in the family institution as a mother and wife, the Iranian women play important roles in the economic affairs and in the rural regions in the production affairs as well. Amid this situation, the role of rural women in the production and agricultural activities including plantation, harvesting, animal husbandry and gardening are more noticeable. Furthermore, the role which they play in the family's responsibilities is considerable and perhaps it is more than that of the urban women. In this article, the socio-economic characteristics of the women in the rural areas of Divandareh town and their share in the family income with regard to the value of the labor force being produced by them in the production activities have been reviewed. Using a survey method, this study selected 177 sample households on the basis of random sampling out of four various rural districts. Moreover, the collection data was performed by using questionnaire technique and oral interviews. The finding of this research shows that there is a meaningful co-efficiency between the variable of the women's' labor force value and their share in the household income. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Modeling the Factors Affecting Rural Households’ Food Security in Zanjan County
Akram Jozi Leila Safa Nafiseh SalahimoghadamThe main objective of this research was modeling the factors affecting rural households’ food security in Zanjan County. The statistical population of the current research was 25864 rural household heads in Zanjan County which based on Bartlett et al. (2001) formu MoreThe main objective of this research was modeling the factors affecting rural households’ food security in Zanjan County. The statistical population of the current research was 25864 rural household heads in Zanjan County which based on Bartlett et al. (2001) formula, 353 of them were selected using a two-stage sampling method. A questionnaire was used for data collection. The face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts and as well as the construct validity and the reliability of the questionnaire were obtained after making necessary corrections. The collected data were analyzed using SPSSWin22 and Smart PLS3 software. The descriptive results of the research showed that most of the surveyed respondents (more than two thirds) were in severe food insecurity situation. Moreover, the results of structural equation modeling revealed that each of five factors of economic, policy-regulatory, educational-information, family and geographical had positive and significant effects on rural household heads’ food security level and explained about 57.9 percent of variances in the dependent variable. However, the relationship between social factors and the food security level was not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Impacts of climate change adaptation strategies on smallholder farmers food security
saeede sadat ebrahimi farhad lashgarara seyed mahdi mirdamadi maryam omidi najaf abadiThus, this study was done to investigate the impacts of climate change adaptation strategies on smallholder household food security among horticultural crop farmers. 456 farmers were selected through stratified random sampling. A questionnaire was utilized for data coll MoreThus, this study was done to investigate the impacts of climate change adaptation strategies on smallholder household food security among horticultural crop farmers. 456 farmers were selected through stratified random sampling. A questionnaire was utilized for data collection consisting of four sections. Data were analyzed with structural equation modeling using Smart-PLS 3.0. 89 percent of households were anxious and uncertain about food supply, 76 percent were households with insufficient food quality, and 71 percent did experience the inadequate quantity of food intake and its physical consequences. Also, farming and non-farming strategies had a positive and significant impact on the role of farmers in adapting to climate change, while infrastructure and support strategies had a significant impact on the role of government and rural institutions in adapting to climate change. In addition, the effect of the role of farmers and the role of government and rural institutions in improving the dimensions of food security was positive and significant, but only in relation to the role of farmers on food consumption was not observed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Vulnerability of rural households in Fars province to food insecurity Due to drought
Nosaha Nahid Farhad Lashgarara Lashgarara Seyed Jamal Farajolah Hosseini seyed Mehdi MirdamadiClimate change and drought have greatly affected the vulnerability of rural households. This study aimed to Analyzing the vulnerability of rural households in Fars province of Iran for food insecurity under drought and also analyzing their adaptive responses to drought MoreClimate change and drought have greatly affected the vulnerability of rural households. This study aimed to Analyzing the vulnerability of rural households in Fars province of Iran for food insecurity under drought and also analyzing their adaptive responses to drought in terms of attitude and action. It was a survey research and data was collected from a sample of population based on the stratified random sampling. The sample population was 270 respondents from Fars Province by using Shaffer formula. The data was analyzed by using SPSS and AMOS software. Based on the results, the vulnerability of rural households in Fars province to drought is above average, which sensitivity factor has the highest effect on vulnerability of rural households. Also, the results of the study showed that the most effective adaptation strategies to reduce of drought Consequences are significantly dependent on government support. However, less vulnerable households have more strategic options for coping with the consequences of drought. Cluster analysis indicated that based on the two groups of respondents with the low and high vulnerability that According to it, the studied rural households were compared in terms of some characteristics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Designing a Model for Economic Empowerment of Female Heads of Households in Ilam Province
masomeh jamshidi Hossein MehdizadehFemale head of household as the poorest person is one of the most vulnerable sectors of society, accounting for a significant percentage of the population. They are particularly important in development planning because of the role and importance of family livelihoods. MoreFemale head of household as the poorest person is one of the most vulnerable sectors of society, accounting for a significant percentage of the population. They are particularly important in development planning because of the role and importance of family livelihoods. Empowerment and promotion of the quantitative and qualitative level of their lives can provide grounds for poverty reduction, reduction of gender inequality, expansion of economic independence of households, and so on. The purpose of this study was to design a model of economic empowerment of women Heads of Households in Ilam province, using a case study method. The statistical population of the study is experts in the field of empowerment of women in different departments and organizations of the province. Using theoretical sampling, 28 experts were selected and the data were extracted through in-depth interviews with the aforementioned experts to achieve theoretical saturation. To analyze the obtained qualitative information, the grounded theory method has been used. The results showed that 43 concepts were obtained through open encoding, 7 axial categories by axial encoding and a nuclear category through selective encoding. The results also showed that the experts identified the new semantic of the economic empowerment of female headed households is in modifying and changing the traditional model of women's empowerment, and moving towards the completion of the value chain and identifying the underlying circles in order to achieve a new plan for the organization of home-based job and entrepreneurship Families, specially female heads of households. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Factors Affecting Food Security of Rural Farming Households in Kohkiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province of Iran
S. Y. Zera' at Kish Zh. KamaeiIntroduction: Household food security refers to the available and adequate food supplies for the households to make sure that the members are provided with the minimum requirements of food. According to the definition set by the United Nation in 1986, food availability, MoreIntroduction: Household food security refers to the available and adequate food supplies for the households to make sure that the members are provided with the minimum requirements of food. According to the definition set by the United Nation in 1986, food availability, food access, and feeding sustainability are the three principle elements. Materials and Methods: The present study has been undertaken regarding the importance of household food security as a contributing factor concerned with the adequate growth and evolution for all the household members, therefore members can provide their society with prosperity, productivity and average food security state. This research investigates the factors affecting food security of the rural farming households in Kohkiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province of Iran. Random sampling method was used to build a sample of 223 respondents including 223 householders from rural areas. Required data was extracted from household, expenditure and income report released by the Statistical Center of Iran. Results: The data was analysed using descriptive statistics, food security indices, food security shortage/surplus gap and probit model. The obtained results via the so-called calorie consumption method indicated that, 46% of rural households enjoy food security. These households were found to exceed recommended calorie consumption by 43%. In fact the rural households without food security were found to under take the recommended calorie consumption by 69%. Conclusion: The householder income, the ratio of food expenditure to household expenditure and farm size positively contributed to the household food security, while householder gender, household size and householder education are negatively associated to the household food security. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Investigating the Effect of Environmental Awareness and Education on Improving the Pattern of Energy Consumption on Household Sector and its Relationship with the Age and Sex of Citizens (Case Study: District 6 of Tehran Municipality)
mahsa nasrollahzadeh Maryam FarahaniBackground and Objective: Environmental education on energy resources is one of the best methods to improve the quality of the urban environment. Present study carried out to investigate the effect of environmental awareness and education on optimization of energy consu MoreBackground and Objective: Environmental education on energy resources is one of the best methods to improve the quality of the urban environment. Present study carried out to investigate the effect of environmental awareness and education on optimization of energy consumption pattern on household sector and its relationship with age and gender of the citizens. Method: The present study was conducted in the fall of 2017. This study was the descriptive-survey method. The statistical population was the citizens of District 6 of Tehran Municipality. The sample size was calculated 390 people using Cochran's formula. The sampling method was randomized and data collection method was questionnaires. Research data processed using SPSS statistical software version 22, where analytical and descriptive statistics were analyzed. Findings: The average score of environmental knowledge of the citizens of Tehran Municipality No. 6 was 4.21 (out of 5). So, the studied samples have a moderate to high environmental attitude and behavior. There was no significant difference between environmental knowledge, attitudes and behavior of men and women in this region while the age variable showed a significant effect on the level of environmental knowledge, attitudes and behavior of citizens of Region 6. Discussion and Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between environmental knowledge and behavior and environmental attitudes and behavior. It is recommended to perform effective regional education methods for improving the attitude and environmental behavior of the residents of this region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Estimated Index of Ecological Footprints of Energy (Electricity and Natural Gas) and Water Consumption of Household Sector in 22 Districts of Tehran
Zahra Abedi parisa soltani khamsehBackgrounds and objectives: Population growth and excessive consumption of natural resources for the continuation of economic welfare, in addition to destroying the ecosystem has caused a shortage of life on the planet is vital to prevent any shortage of access to natur MoreBackgrounds and objectives: Population growth and excessive consumption of natural resources for the continuation of economic welfare, in addition to destroying the ecosystem has caused a shortage of life on the planet is vital to prevent any shortage of access to natural resources continue. This article estimates the ecological footprint of water and energy consumption (electricity and natural gas) of the household sector in the 22 districts of Tehran and estimates the environmental capacity of the mentioned resources. Analysis method: Estimating the ecological footprint of water and energy (electricity and natural gas) used in the household sector of Tehran refers to the negative relationship between the continuity of household activities and the ecological gap of the mentioned sources, which according to the results and their analysis, ecological gap more than 4 million hectares of water, electricity and natural gas consumption are available in the household sector of Tehran.To find the impact of practical solutions to reduce the ecological gap using SPSS software and Cochran test and also developing a questionnaire related to the use of resources in household,the most important factor in reducing the ecological gap is identified. Findings: Based on the results obtained and their analysis, the ecological gap of over 4 million hectares is due to the excessive use of water, electricity and natural gas in the household sector of Tehran. After estimating the ecological gap, questionnaires were distributed to clarify the causes of household waste loss. According to the statistical society, in the assessment of the questionnaire, the population of the 22nd household in Tehran was considered to be 2 million and 830thousand households.To create uniformity of analysis, the households were based on a population of 3, Then through the Cochran formula, 1100 households were sampled and they were randomly selected. Discussion and conclusion: The results of the questionnaire showed that the most important factor in reducing the ecological gap and having the optimal use of water in the household sector is reducing water consumption for washing cars,the most important factor for creating optimal power consumption in the household sector is using energy-saving bulbs.The most important factor for creating optimal consumption of natural gas in the household sector is the use of double-glazed windows and the least effective factor is the use of gas heaters proportional to the area of the houses. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Studying the relation between life style and household objects system from the perspective of Bourdieu in contemporary housing (Case Study: the young couples living in district two, Qazvin)
Rana Ayazi Maryam Armaghan Sheida KhansariBackground and Objective: housing structure has been constantly forming and changing during history and has been influenced by thounsands of phenomena and factors. Life style and aesthetic taste as evidences of living culture form the architecture framework. House, is t MoreBackground and Objective: housing structure has been constantly forming and changing during history and has been influenced by thounsands of phenomena and factors. Life style and aesthetic taste as evidences of living culture form the architecture framework. House, is the place of the formation and presentation of culture and is the most basic space in which every individual experiences his being. The present study is following the effect of living culture in general and life style specifically on household objects system (mentally and functionally) from the perspective of Bourdieu. Method: the present study is a qualitative research based on descriptive-analytical research method. The population are the young couples living in residential buildings located in district two in Qazvin which 310 persons among them has been chosen randomly. In this study, the researcher’s queastionaire has been used after making sure of its reliability and justifiability and then has been distributed among sample. In order to analyze the data, correlation and regression in spss 22 soft ware has been utilized. Findings: results of the study have shown that there is a positive and meaningful relation between the individuals’ life style and theirs household object system in the sample population. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the analyses, it seems that the “mode”, i.e. what becomes fashionable throughout a society as a communal model, can play a major role in the system of functional home appliances. This communal taste can affect the selection of colors, furniture, arrangement, type of functional appliances, etc. The family structure in terms of tradition or religious beliefs may also influence the application of abstract objects at home. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Review and assess the social determinants of household waste produced per capita loss (Case Study: Tehran Municipality Region 3 and 10)
Yaghowb Peyvastehgar Jahanbin MirzaiiAbstract Background and Objective: Increasing production of waste in cities is an issue that municipalities deal with it and a significant amount of municipal funds spent on the collection, transport and disposal of the waste, in addition to the many environmental probl MoreAbstract Background and Objective: Increasing production of waste in cities is an issue that municipalities deal with it and a significant amount of municipal funds spent on the collection, transport and disposal of the waste, in addition to the many environmental problems will follow. Method: This paper aims to identify social factors that influence the production of household waste is reduced. For this purpose, the two regions 3 and 10 of Tehran municipality in terms of per capita household waste generation and associated social factors were studied. Because these two regions close together despite the population, in terms of physical and social differences with each other, which can help reduce household waste produced per capita. Then to answer assumptions, based on a survey questionnaire containing open and closed questions was used. Findings: The findings show that many social factors have a direct impact on per capita production of household waste, such as age, gender, marital status, family size, length of stay in Tehran and region, type of home and respect for the separation of waste. Then the two regions based on criteria and indicators of physical, social, environmental and management were evaluated and by region 3, percentage points respectively is 67, 64, 36 and 38 and the region 10 is 47, 46, 33 and 36. Finally, 20 action plan to reduce domestic waste generation per capita was presented with an emphasis on social factors. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the questionnaire were analyzed by using statistical tests. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Evaluating Implementation of Energy Management Optimization in Household and Commercial Sectors of Metropolises Using SWOT (Case Study: Tehran Metropolis)
Samira khadivi Majid Abbaspour Abdol Reza KarbassiBackground and Objective: High energy consumption in residential and commercial sectors resulting from the lack of optimized management of the mentioned sectors imposes adverse effects in terms of economics, health and environment on a community. One of the ways to opti MoreBackground and Objective: High energy consumption in residential and commercial sectors resulting from the lack of optimized management of the mentioned sectors imposes adverse effects in terms of economics, health and environment on a community. One of the ways to optimize energy consumption is proper management. In order to prevent uncontrolled growth of energy consumption and maintain national energy resources is energy management in residential and commercial sectors in metropolises. Therefore, the development of implementation mechanisms in this sectors requires special attention. Method: After analyzing the results of energy consumption in Tehran and in the country, a total number of 96 questionnaires were prepared and distributed among the relevant experts to determine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats associated eith energy consumption in the household and commercial sectors. Subsequently, all the strategic factors were evaluated. The IFE and EFE matrices were used to evaluate the internal and external strategic factors. The total values of the IFE and EFE matrices were obtained to be 2.85 and 2.88, respectively. The mentioned matrices suggest that the metropolitan cities of Iran suffer from some internal weaknesses. This indicates that the weaknesses are more than the strength points. In terms of the external factors, the metropolitan cities in Iran are involved in managerial weaknesses so that the opportunities are less than the threats. Results: Codification of energy consumption strategies and patterns in metropolitan cities are considered as key factors in reducing energy consumption in the country. Given the high potential for savings, the household and commercial sectors should always be considered in terms of energy consumption management and optimization. In the next steps, the executive instructions concerning the five key strategies were presented to achieve the pattern of energy consumption in household and commercial sectors of metropolitan cities (Tehran) in Iran. Afterwards, a checklist was prepared to investigate the status of management execution and the strategy of energy consumption modification pattern in the household and commercial sectors of the metropolitan cities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Explain the Effects of Corona Pandemic on Viability (Case study: Rural Areas of Zahedan City)
Ahmad Hajarian Soheila DalvandiBackground and Aim: Coronavirus is one of the most contagious and infectious diseases of the 21st century, which has spread from China to the rest of the world since late December 2019 and has had many effects on the social, economic and environmental structures of vari MoreBackground and Aim: Coronavirus is one of the most contagious and infectious diseases of the 21st century, which has spread from China to the rest of the world since late December 2019 and has had many effects on the social, economic and environmental structures of various regions, including rural areas. Rural areas, especially in developing countries, are less prepared to deal with the direct and indirect impact of this crisis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of corona virus on the livelihood of rural households in Zahedan.Methods: This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature and method of descriptive-analytical work, which is done in two ways: library study and field survey. The statistical population of the study consists of rural households in Zahedan city. Due to the dispersion of villages and their large number, 20 villages were randomly selected as the sample village.Results: According to the 2016 census, these villages have a total of 4456 households equal to It had a population of 18,365, of which 354 were selected using the Cochran's formula. Multivariate regression analysis and one-sample t-test were used to analyze the findings. The results showed that the livability indices of rural households with an average of 2.763 were lower than the desired situation. The study of the effects of coronavirus epidemic on indicators and variables of viability of rural households showed that the coronavirus epidemic had the greatest effect with a beta coefficient of -0.398 on economic viability and the least effect with a beta coefficient of -0.147 on the variable It has environmental viability.Discussion and Conclusion: Corona virus has affected the viability of rural areas Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Assessing the Effects of Household Economic Status on Energy Consumption (Case Study: Yazd City)
Amirnavid Soleymani Hamidreza GhaffarzadehThe aim of this article was to investigate the effect of household economic characteristics on energy consumption (case study, households living in Yazd), in whic Background and Aim: This study has been done in order to investigate the effects of household economic cha MoreThe aim of this article was to investigate the effect of household economic characteristics on energy consumption (case study, households living in Yazd), in whic Background and Aim: This study has been done in order to investigate the effects of household economic characteristics on energy consumption (case study, households living in Yazd). Methods: 383 households were selected as a sample by simple random sampling and the required information was collected through a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation coefficients. Results: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between education, income, job and type of home and energy consumption. In general, the economic situation of the family has a great impact on household energy consumption. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the results, there is a significant relationship between education and energy consumption, and with increasing education, energy consumption has increased. Also, employees consume more energy compared to people with freelance jobs, and retirees and workers consume less energy. Households with incomes above 9 million Tomans per month have consumed much more energy than households with incomes between one and three million Tomans per month, households living in affluent areas consume more energy and people who live in the suburbs and deprived areas consume less energy. h 383 households were selected as a sample by simple random sampling and the required information was collected through a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation coefficients. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between education, income, job and type of home and energy consumption. According to the results, there is a significant relationship between education and energy consumption, and with increasing education, energy consumption has increased. Also, employees consume more energy compared to people with freelance jobs, and retirees and workers consume less energy. Households with incomes above 9 million Tomans per month have consumed much more energy than households with incomes between one and three million Tomans per month, households living in affluent areas consume more energy And people who live in the suburbs and deprived areas consume less energy, in general, the economic situation of the family has a great impact on household energy consumption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Assessment the Potential of Nutrient Pollution Caused by Household Waste and Livestock (Case Study: Cham Gardalan's dam Watershed)
Parisa Amiri Mehdi Ahmadikalan Fouzieh BeigmohammadiThe purpose of this study is to identify the sources of pollution in the catchment area of Chamgardalan Dam and to determine the potential for contamination of organic matter in the household and livestock waste of the catchment area and finally to provide guidelines MoreThe purpose of this study is to identify the sources of pollution in the catchment area of Chamgardalan Dam and to determine the potential for contamination of organic matter in the household and livestock waste of the catchment area and finally to provide guidelines for controlling and reducing pollution. After preparing the catchment area using Arc GIS10 software, field visits were conducted to accurately identify the sources of contamination of the catchment area, including villages and livestock units. Then, the contamination potential of organic matter in household and animal wastes was calculated. Then, the contamination potential of organic matter in household and animal wastes was calculated. About 56% of the total nitrogen load and 54% of the total phosphorus load are produced by various dams under the Gol Gol basin, and about 71% of the pollution potential from population centers is under the Gol Gol basin and 17% is under the Chaviz basin. And 12% below the basin. Accordingly, Gol Gol basin, due to the high density of rural population and also having the largest number of livestock and poultry farms in the catchment area, has the highest amount of household and livestock waste compared to the other two sub-basins. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - An intertexuality look at the poetry of Shahnameh
Ahmadreza Yalameha Moslem RajabiIntertextuality is one of the new approaches in the literature criticism. The basis of this approach is that every text can not stand by itself. In fact a text is a quotation or reflection of previous text. The Divan of poets as well as the books of men of letters is no MoreIntertextuality is one of the new approaches in the literature criticism. The basis of this approach is that every text can not stand by itself. In fact a text is a quotation or reflection of previous text. The Divan of poets as well as the books of men of letters is not exception in this regard. One of the great and precious Divan in the Persian literature is Shahnameh that is written by Ferdousi. This Divan is a good source that can be analyzed from intertextulity perspective. A close look at this book reveals that there are many couplets based on Hadith of Excellencies of immaculate ones PBUT. intertextuality has been reflected throughout the book. Ferdousi has used Hadith lexicons and phrases. This research paper has tried to investigated and show intertextuality and study this technique in great book of Shahnameh. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - The Qoran, its meanings and its relation to the eternity
Seyed Mehdi Ahmadi NikThe Qorau's response to the daily needs and believ inz in eternity 1S one of the beliefs of Muslims .This belief has encouraged Muslim thinkers to discuss about the quality of the Qorans response in the realm of times and its eternity and offer ideal and reasonable resp MoreThe Qorau's response to the daily needs and believ inz in eternity 1S one of the beliefs of Muslims .This belief has encouraged Muslim thinkers to discuss about the quality of the Qorans response in the realm of times and its eternity and offer ideal and reasonable responses .This examination has led to some precious results and the quality of the response to the needs of different times and generations has been clarified. Meanings realm of the Qoranic verses is definitely one of the most important subjects which can answer these needs and has been emphasized in the traditions .This research will consider the mentioned subject in the traditions under the title of appearance and reality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - A Survey on Semantic implication of Quran Terms and their manifestation in Affected Prays
Mohsen Abdollahi Mohammad Hossein SaeniQuran's expressing method, its phrasings and paraphrasing in new version is the most significant miracle of Quran according to many literature and science scholars. Also the characteristic of selected words is in a way that words movement or changing them is not possibl MoreQuran's expressing method, its phrasings and paraphrasing in new version is the most significant miracle of Quran according to many literature and science scholars. Also the characteristic of selected words is in a way that words movement or changing them is not possible. Regarding semantic synonyms, not only each term finds its own position by semantic combination of other terms but also by the terms before or after it; in other words any synonym can't be replaced by another. There is no complete synonym in Quran's terms; the ones who emphasize synonym, in fact emphasize common meanings of terms and neglect the special meaning of each term. On the other hand and based on Thaqalayn Hadith, there is an inseparable relationship between Quran and Prophet's Households. The author of the present paper intends to study Quran's expressing manifestations in prays and some terms such as Praise, Grace, Fear and Humility. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - The Household (p.f.t) in poem of ‘’Kashajam’’, Alsendi-ebne-Shahak,s grandson
Seyed Mohammad Razi Mostafaviniya Mohammad Abedin BayeganKashajam Mahmood-ebne-Hosein is one of the poets of second era in Abbasi age. At first he worked as a cook in the court and then becamed famous as a poet and literary man by Abi Elhija Hamdani .Then by his son Seif-ol-Dole Hamdani got attracted to Egypt during MoreKashajam Mahmood-ebne-Hosein is one of the poets of second era in Abbasi age. At first he worked as a cook in the court and then becamed famous as a poet and literary man by Abi Elhija Hamdani .Then by his son Seif-ol-Dole Hamdani got attracted to Egypt during his traveling. Several books are remained after him such as a book of poem in which eulogy and description attained perfection.Kashajam was Alseni-ebne Shahak,s grandson, the jailor of Haroon-o-Rashid, Abbasi caliph.The one who accepted to be the jailor and torturer of Imam Mousa-ebne-Jafar (p.f.h) and at the end martyred him by poison. Kashajam talks about his love toward The Household and their Shiite, supports them and mourns over their difficulties.This matter caused us to examine his aspect of his poem in this article and talk about the differences concerning political and religious favouritism among members of his family. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Contradictions in The Personality of De'bel Khazaee
Yahya MarufThere are few Shiite poets or authors who have defended the holy prophet(PBUH& HP) and his household and have not been under various accusations. This paper examines the contradictory views of historians in introducing Shiite poets, among which De' MoreThere are few Shiite poets or authors who have defended the holy prophet(PBUH& HP) and his household and have not been under various accusations. This paper examines the contradictory views of historians in introducing Shiite poets, among which De'bel Kazaee (martyred 246 lunar) is selected. The paper tries to answer the following questions: Considering all these contradictions can one rely on the historians' views in introducing De'bel Khazaee's personality? Are they possibly prejudiced? Are there any statements which reject their views? This paper questions historians' accusations upon De'bel which is in turn answered based on the same charges. The aim is to reveal hidden aspects of charges and compare and contrast historians' views to leave the judgment to the just reader him/herself so that s/he can attain a reasonable conclusion. The assumptions are as follows: 1.These historians' views are due to their enmity to Shiite. 2. To detach people from Shiite religion there were forced to invent accusations. 3. These charges are ordered by tyrannical rulers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Place Of an Inmate Of the Great Mystics Of the Islamic Mystical Poetry by Qasim Anwar
Yadollah Bahmani MotlaghQasem Anwar (837 -757 AH.) Great Iranian mystic and poet of the Timurid era , mysticism and literature of Khorasan, Azarbaijan and Gilan and Ibn Arabic poetry compilation of thoughts about the perfect man and Unity along Kbrvyh Khorasan Sufi and Shiite movements Sfvyh A MoreQasem Anwar (837 -757 AH.) Great Iranian mystic and poet of the Timurid era , mysticism and literature of Khorasan, Azarbaijan and Gilan and Ibn Arabic poetry compilation of thoughts about the perfect man and Unity along Kbrvyh Khorasan Sufi and Shiite movements Sfvyh Azerbaijan offers. He was a great Sufi Muslim mystics and the Court of Hussein ibn Mansur al-Hallaj, Bayazid Bastami, Ghazali and Hafy human goodness and learn to respect their praises high, often thought of as imparting to the Shiite Imams Ali, Imam Hussein, Imam Jafar Sadiq (as ) and Hazrat Mahdi (as) has expressed devotion . Among the bits from all over to Hazrat Ali (AS) and follow a spiritual sonnets dedicated to Imam Ali in which he explicitly declared that his true followers. Ghasemi pursuant to which the poet Poets Iraqi style is great, the greatest mystic poets like Rumi's poems orientation, Hafez, Sanai evident. This aspect of our study of poetry Qasim Anwar will lead to many hidden aspects of his thought. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - the relationship between social capital and quality of life in female-headed households in Dogonbadan City
yousef tazesh zohre diymad The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between social capital and quality of life in female-headed households in Dogonbadan This cross sectional study was done on women headsof Dogonbadan City during six months. (200 Perso More The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between social capital and quality of life in female-headed households in Dogonbadan This cross sectional study was done on women headsof Dogonbadan City during six months. (200 Person) Study tools were include: demographic questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) - Iranian species. and questionnaire of World Bank social capital (SC-IQ), respectively. Analysis of results were performed with SPSS software and using Descriptive statisticsand analytical Tests The findings of this study demonstrate that the quality of life and social capital for women-headed households are totally interdependent and they have positive impact on each other. and life quality of female-headed households Dogonbadan was at a lower level of Dogonbadan People's general quality of life. and on the other hand, social capital is relatively low in these women and requires serious attention and long-term planning authorities based on community-based research approaches, in order to improve the quality of life and significant changes in order to increase social capital and This collective participation of vulnerable people.Extended AbstractIntroduction: The concept of quality of life dates back to the time of Aristotle in 385 BC. At that time, Aristotle considered "good life" or "doing good things" to mean happiness. At that time, living happily is considered equivalent to what is called quality of life today. Quality of life reform was not used until the twentieth century. Over time, researchers have realized that quality of life can be one of the most important consequences of health assessments. As the World Health Organization's definition of health emphasizes (Fayers and Machin, 2013.55). Quality of life is a complex and multidimensional concept of population conditions and status, defined in a specific geographical scale (city, village and country) (Harirchi, 2009.98). From the beginning of the 60's, the concept of quality of life became popular in European countries. In some advanced societies, the term has been used in conjunction with and sometimes synonymously with other terms such as public welfare, social welfare, social security, and the like. The category of quality of life is widely related to the concept of welfare, social relations, trust and social participation (Noghani, 2008.112) and can be the basis for strengthening social capital. Social capital is one of the social determinants of health that affects the health of communities (Murayama et al, 2012). Numerous indicators can be used to measure social capital in a society at the macro level. One of these indicators is the level of social support for vulnerable groups in society (children, women, etc.) (Siegler, 2014). Women heads of households are one of the groups. Today, family restructuring due to war, urbanization, divorce, marital addiction, etc. has led to an increase in the number of female-headed households worldwide (Aghajanian and Thompson, 2013). If the statistical data show an increasing trend and the proportion of female-headed households in the last three decades (Aghajanian and Thompson, 2013.22). 37.5% of the world's households are headed by women (2012.29, Moti et al). And in Iran, according to the statistics of the Welfare Organization, during 10 years (75-85), 60 thousand and three hundred people have been added to the population of women heads of households every year. Lack of social capital components and limitation of social relations network in the life of female-headed households due to issues such as divorce, many responsibilities and multiple roles have caused this vulnerable group of society with many problems and obstacles, including turning to crime. And face corruption to meet the needs of life, create deviation and disruption in the upbringing of children, increase the number of troubled families and create mental disorders in family members, the spread of material and cultural poverty in society and ultimately reduce their quality of life (Lewis et al ., 2013.12). Therefore, the need to pay attention to social capital and quality of life in women caregivers seems necessary. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between social capital components and quality of life in female-headed households in Dogonbadan.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was performed on female heads of Dogonbadan city (200 people) over a period of 6 months. The response rate was 73.7%. Study tools include 1- Demographic information questionnaires, including variables: age, marital status (married, single, unmarried due to death and divorce), level of literacy (illiterate, elementary, middle and university), employment (employed, unemployed) ), Ethnicity, per capita home area, number of dependents, average household income, home amenities, number of rooms available, length of stay, health insurance coverage, chronic illness and current illness. 2- WHOQOL Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL) - Iranian species, which has 4 domains of physical health, mental health, social relations and environmental health, each of which has 7, 6, 3, 8 questions, respectively. Likert face is, is. 3. World Bank Social Capital Questionnaire (SC-IQ), which is designed for developing countries and examines social capital at the household level. Analysis of results using SPSS software version 21 using descriptive statistics tests such as mean and standard deviation and analytical statistics such as Pearson correlation tests and also to investigate the effects of various factors on the dimensions of quality of life and social capital from multiple linear regression. With the entry of variables in the models, it was used in a combined method.Results and discussion: The majority of female-headed households in this study were middle-aged, unemployed, and had a high school or secondary education level. Research on the employment status of women heads of households also shows that due to lower levels of literacy, they have more limited job opportunities than male-headed households, and on the other hand, government support for these women is very low. According to the results of this study, the average quality of life scores of these women are lower than the general population of Dogonbadan in all four dimensions of physical, mental, social and environmental health. In this study, there was a significant relationship between age and overall quality of life and its dimensions in terms of mental health, environment, social relationship, which means that with age, the quality of life of women heads of households in these areas decreases. In terms of physical health, the only variable of education showed a significant relationship on the quality of life of female-headed households. It seems that in the physical dimension, people with higher secondary education are in a better and more appropriate condition than people with primary or illiterate education. The findings of this study also showed that there is a significant relationship between environmental health and marital status (divorce due to divorce). Researchers believe that marital status is a predictor of quality of life in all aspects and the presence of a spouse as a supporter is effective in reducing stress, adapting to the environment and reducing mortality and disability. In this study, there was a significant relationship between the variable of length of stay in the place with the dimension of physical health and the social relationship between quality of life. In the present study, the current disease had a significant and inverse relationship with the dimensions of physical and mental health and overall quality of life score, and the effect of this variable on the mental health dimension was greater than the other dimensions. In this study, the average score of social capital of women heads of households is 37.5, while the average score of the highest person was 71.7. Therefore, it can be concluded that women's social capital is relatively low. Findings of this study showed that the quality of life and social capital of female-headed households are completely interdependent and have a positive effect on each other. On the other hand, social capital and quality of life of female-headed households in Dogonbadan is relatively low and needs serious attention and planning. In the long run, the authorities, based on community-based research approaches, are vulnerable to improving the quality of life and fundamental changes to increase social capital and collective participation of this group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Effectiveness of Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction on Cognitive Flexibility and Coping Styles of Women in Female-headed Households
Sajad Basharpoor Nasim Mohammadi Sara Asadi ShishegaranThe current research was conducted with the goal of investigating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on cognitive flexibility and coping styles of women in female-headed households covered by Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Rasht. 30 of whom were MoreThe current research was conducted with the goal of investigating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on cognitive flexibility and coping styles of women in female-headed households covered by Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Rasht. 30 of whom were selected through convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15 ones) and control (15 ones). The research method was a quasi-experimental and pre-test and post-test design with control group was used. The experimental group participated in 8 sessions 90-minutes of mindfulness based stress reduction training. To collect data the Dennis and Vonderval (2010) Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire and Jaloveys and Powers (1984) Coping Styles Questionnaire were utilized. The gathered data were analyzed using covariance MANCOVA analysis. Results showed the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction on flexibility of cognitive and coping style and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0/001). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - The effectiveness of reality therapy with Islamic approach on stress, spiritual health and coping strategies of female-headed households
, Abbas Sadeghi Ashkan Ali Mohammadi Mina Mahmoudi Tabar Reza dinarvand Zahra dargahiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of reality therapy with an Islamic approach on stress, spiritual health and coping strategies of female-headed households. The research design was quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test with control group and ran MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of reality therapy with an Islamic approach on stress, spiritual health and coping strategies of female-headed households. The research design was quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test with control group and random selection. The statistical population of this study included all female-headed households members of welfare centers in Ahvaz. Sampling in this study was done by purposive sampling. For this purpose, first 30 female-headed households were selected and completed the corona anxiety questionnaire and then randomly divided into two groups (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). The intervention was performed on the experimental group in 10 sessions and two sessions of 45 minutes per week. The control group did not receive any intervention during this period. Data were analyzed using SPSS-24 software and analysis of covariance. Findings showed that reality therapy with an Islamic approach has had a significant effect on reducing stress, increasing spiritual health and improving coping strategies of female-headed households. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - فرآیند تقویت فیلتر تصفیه آب خانگی با نانو ذرات گیاهی
محبوبه شادابی بجند مهداد انکاری استفاده از نانو به عنوان کاهش دهنده آلاینده‎های آب آشامیدنی، به عنوان یکی از راه‎کارهای مدیریتی مطرح گردیده است. یکی از موارد این فناوری در ارتباط با کیفیت آب شرب می‎باشد. از این رو هدف از ارائه این پژوهش استفاده از نانو ذرات گیاهی (گیاه آ More استفاده از نانو به عنوان کاهش دهنده آلاینده‎های آب آشامیدنی، به عنوان یکی از راه‎کارهای مدیریتی مطرح گردیده است. یکی از موارد این فناوری در ارتباط با کیفیت آب شرب می‎باشد. از این رو هدف از ارائه این پژوهش استفاده از نانو ذرات گیاهی (گیاه آلوئه‎ورا) برای تقویت کردن فیلتر تصفیه‎های آب خانگی از جنس الیاف پلی‎پروپیلن است. طی تجزیه و تحلیل بدست آمده بر روی گیاه آلوئه‎ورا به عنوان تقویت کننده فیلتر، نتایج نشان داد که از پارامترهای مرتبط با فیلتر تصفیه آب خانگی که این فیلتر از لحاظ میزان جرم و ضخامت الیاف پلی‎پروپیلنی تقویت شده و میزان فشار حباب، قطر روزنه و قطر میانگین روزنه دارای ضخامت شاخص‎های درونی مناسب می‎باشد. همچنین مقادیر پارامترهای کیفی ( نیترات، نیتریت، سولفات، کلراید، فلوراید، سدیم، پتاسیم، سختی، EC، TDS و کدورت) بعد از خروج از دستگاه تصفیه آب با نانو ذرات گیاهی نسبت به کیفیت آب ورودی به دستگاه تصفیه آب کاهش به سزایی داشته است. در بررسی میزان تاثیرگذاری این فیلتر تقویت شده با گیاه آلوئه‎ورا مشخص گردید که این فیلتر دارای قدرت مناسب در حذف پارامترهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی آب است که میتوان از آن در تصفیه آبهای آلوده مورد استفاده در فرایندهای خانگی و شرب استفاده کرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Presentation of the financial supply chain model in the assembly industry with a qualitative approach of theme analysis (Case study: home appliance industry)
Mohammad Ali Razaghi Heris Habibolah Javanmard Iraj NouriIn the current situation of the country, the sanctions and its consequences against the country's economy (difficulty importing raw materials, increasing exchange rates, increasing prices, inflation, economic stagnation and increasing production costs) have caused produ MoreIn the current situation of the country, the sanctions and its consequences against the country's economy (difficulty importing raw materials, increasing exchange rates, increasing prices, inflation, economic stagnation and increasing production costs) have caused producers to develop The quantity and quality of their products and especially in the field of financing the supply chain of their products face many problems. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of designing the model of the financing chain in the household appliance assembly industry. In terms of the purpose of this study, it is a type of developmental and exploratory research that was conducted in a qualitative manner using thematic analysis method. The statistical population of this research consists of the sources that were used to analyze the theme. And in order to strengthen the validity of the research, the opinions of supply chain experts and professors were used in the evaluation of the findings. The sampling method is purposeful. Based on this, after searching the databases, 147 sources, including books and articles, were identified and downloaded, and a total of 51 sources contained related codes, which were considered as the selected sample of the research. The results of theme analysis identified 151 basic themes, 43 organizing themes, and 13 comprehensive themes, which were presented in the framework of the assembly industry financing chain model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - The effectiveness of communication skills training on responsibility, social function and problem solving among women headed households’ welfare of Ahvaz city
Zahra Teymoori Jahangir MirzavandiThis research aimed to determine the effectiveness of communication skills training on responsibility, social function and problem solving among women headed households. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation was a quasi-experimental w MoreThis research aimed to determine the effectiveness of communication skills training on responsibility, social function and problem solving among women headed households. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation was a quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The research population was women headed households’ welfare office Ahvaz city in autumn season 2018 year. Among numbers of population 50 people after considering the criteria for entering the study were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced into two experimental and control groups (each group 25 people). The experimental group trained 10 sessions of 90 by communication skills training method. The instruments research was the responsibility subscale of California psychological questionnaire (Gough, 1964), social function subscale of general health questionnaire (Goldberg & Hillier, 1979) and problem solving questionnaire (Heppner, 1988). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method with SPSS-20 software. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the responsibility, social function and problem solving. In the other words, communication skills training significantly led to improve responsibility, social function and problem solving in women headed households (P<0/001). Based on the results, it is suggested that clinical psychologists and therapists in providing psychological services used from communication skills training method to improve their health, especially improve responsibility, social function and problem solving of women headed households. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Meta-analysis of social health of women heads of households and non-heads of households and the effect of social support on their health (Case study: Mashhad)
Haniye Sadat Miri Khadije Zolghadr Asemeh QasemiWomen are the foundation of the health of families and communities, and women are of special importance in ensuring and maintaining the health of the family and society. According to the World Health Organization, enjoying the highest attainable standard of health is a MoreWomen are the foundation of the health of families and communities, and women are of special importance in ensuring and maintaining the health of the family and society. According to the World Health Organization, enjoying the highest attainable standard of health is a fundamental right of every individual, and many women are deprived of this fundamental right. Women must maintain and improve their health and well-being in order to play their caring role effectively. Health-promoting behaviors are one of the major determinants of health. The purpose of this article is to meta-analyze the social health of women heads of households and non-heads of households and the impact of social support on their health. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of data collection, it is a descriptive survey. The statistical population studied in this study includes 400 women in Mashhad (200 supervisors and 200 non-supervisors) who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and the required data were modified by two Keys social health questionnaires. A researcher-made social support questionnaire was also collected by the researcher. The validity of the instrument used is the validity of the content, and the validity of the instrument is also obtained by the reliability of the internal consistency of the Cronbach's alpha coefficient method. Findings indicate that the average social health among non-head women in Mashhad is higher than women heads of households. Also, social support and its four dimensions in the group of non-caregivers are significantly different from women caregivers. In such a way that unmarried women have more social support. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Policy making and sociological explanation of individual-social socialization training of women heads of households under the cover of Tehran welfare organization in empowerment and sustainable employment.
Bahareh Roozikhah Bahram Ghadmimi mehrdad navabakhshPurpose: This article was carried out with the purpose of policymaking and sociological explanation of individual-social socialization training of women heads of households under the cover of Tehran welfare organization in empowering and sustainable employment in 1401. MorePurpose: This article was carried out with the purpose of policymaking and sociological explanation of individual-social socialization training of women heads of households under the cover of Tehran welfare organization in empowering and sustainable employment in 1401. Method: The research method is a correlational survey. Population and sample: The statistical population of female heads of households in Tehran covered by the country's welfare organization during the years 2015 to 2019 is 700 people, and 248 people were studied by proportional random method and using Cochran's formula. Instrument: The measuring instrument was researcher-made questionnaires. Validity and reliability: The validity of the instrument was calculated and confirmed through face validity and reliability with Cronbach's alpha. Findings: Pearson's correlation coefficient results indicated the existence of a direct relationship between individual-social socialization training and its components with women's empowerment and sustainable employment. The results of multiple regression and path analysis also showed: teaching awareness of the rights of others with the effect (0.49), social participation with the effect (0.423), dialogue and understanding training with the effect (0.246), responsibility training with The effect (0.206), teaching the obligation to obey the law with the effect (0.2), teaching adherence to obligations with the effect (0.106) and teaching respect for the rights of others with the effect (0.076) in total lead to empowerment. And the stable employment of female heads of the household is covered by the welfare organization of Tehran city, which has the greatest effect on the education of awareness of the rights of others and the education of social participation. In total, the effect of all factors explains 55% of women's empowerment and sustainable employment. Conclusion: In accordance with the welfare organization's policies, individual and social socialization training for women can be effective in their empowerment and sustainable employment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Identification and investigation of effective factors of organic products status in consumer basket of households
Fahimeh Ganjkhani Mohammad Mohammadi Hossien Zahedi -
Open Access Article
40 - The Effects of Granting Subsidies to Agricultural Inputs on Iranian Households' Welfare and Environment by Emphasis on Computable General Equilibrium Model
Fariba Azik Seyed Nematollah Mousavi Bahaeddin Najafi -
Open Access Article
41 - The Fatemid descent and Maymun Family
BIZHAN Parvan Reza DehghaniThe Fatemid descent and Maymun Family Abstract: The Fatemid government is one of the Shi'ite governments that was established by one of the grandsons of Isma'il , Imam Ja'far Sadigh's Son ( p.b.u.h) in the late third century of Hegira (297 Lunar Hegira).Since the establ MoreThe Fatemid descent and Maymun Family Abstract: The Fatemid government is one of the Shi'ite governments that was established by one of the grandsons of Isma'il , Imam Ja'far Sadigh's Son ( p.b.u.h) in the late third century of Hegira (297 Lunar Hegira).Since the establishment of this government different viewpoints have been expressed about the descent of its establishers for different reasons. Aport from Abbasids' efforts , even the Zeidi and Asna ashari Shi'ites didn't have the same opinion about it. With the intery of the Maymun household into the formation process and development of the Isma'ilid attitude , diffrencess and disputes change from an Arabic / Arabic or Shi'ite / Sunnite to an Arabic / Iranian or Islamic / non-Islamic phenomenon . The resulta of the findings of the present article are the negation of the relation of Meymun household to this sect and the necessity of the separation between the two genuine Isma'ilid currents as an intellectual religious sect and second current with an effective Iranian role and theological and political traits.The Maymun Family Is able to Spicial Consideration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - effectiveness of positive group Training on increasing the happiness And Quality Of Life of women heads of households
Vahid Mostafa Pour Farideh Hossein Sabet Ahmad BorjaliThis study aimed to investigate the effect of positive training on increase happiness and quality of life of women heads of households was covered by Imam Khomeini Relief Committee. The study was a quasiexperimental research and conducted through the pre-test, post-test MoreThis study aimed to investigate the effect of positive training on increase happiness and quality of life of women heads of households was covered by Imam Khomeini Relief Committee. The study was a quasiexperimental research and conducted through the pre-test, post-test, and follow up design with control group. to select a sample from the centers Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Sufian , a center mode available selected and then the center of female-headed households under 30 were select based on inclusion criteria and assigned to the experimental and control group randomly (15 personseach group). Both groups responded to the World Health Organization Quality of Life and Happiness Questionnaires. In later stages of the study, on the experimental group, 8 sessions of 90 minutes based on Positive training was carried out while the control group received no trainig and after end sessions both quality of life and happiness questionnaires as the posttest was conducted, Data obtained using analysis of covariance and dependent t-test were analyzed. The results of covariance indicated significant and considerable increase in the happiness and quality of life in the experimental as compared with the control group at the post-test stage. These results were maintained in the 30 days follow-up stage, too. Overal results indicate that Positive training to happiness and quality of life of female-headed households has increased, based on the results of the present study, positive training can be used for improvement of happiness and quality of life in women heads of households. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - The Effect of Reality therapy on Depression in Female-headed households under the auspices of the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Shiraz in 2019
Ali Hosseini Aadan MoeinAbstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of reality therapy on depression of female-headed households in Shiraz in 2019. In this study, experimental design with pre-test and post-test including control group was used. The statistical populat MoreAbstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of reality therapy on depression of female-headed households in Shiraz in 2019. In this study, experimental design with pre-test and post-test including control group was used. The statistical population of this study was female-headed households referred to Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Shiraz in year 2019. Based on purposive sampling method, 30 of them with high score of Beck depression questionnaire and low resiliency score were selected. They were randomly allocated to control and experimental groups. Both groups completed Beck depression questionnaire before intervention. The experimental group received the reality therapy training package in eight sessions. Depression questionnaire was again completed by both groups. the results of covariance analysis indicated that reality-based intervention reduced depression in female-headed households. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - The effectiveness of mindfulness training On the self-resilience and perceived social support of Women as heads heads of households
Leila Hosseini tabaghdehiThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on self-resilience and perceived social support of female-headed households. The method of this research was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and control group. The stati MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on self-resilience and perceived social support of female-headed households. The method of this research was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and control group. The statistical population of this study Included all female heads of households in Chamestan of Nour city in 2020, numbering 483 people according to the statistics of the Registry Office. Using self-efficacy of Kolahnen (1996) and perceived social support of Zimet & et all (1988) questionnaires, initial screening was performed and 30 people Selected and randomly randomly divided into experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups . The subjects of the experimental and control groups answered the self-efficacy and perceived social support questionnaires in three stages of pre-test - post-test and follow-up. The experimental group underwent mindfulness training in 8 sessions of 90 minutes and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test. The results showed that mindfulness training is effective on self- resilience and perceived social support of female-headed households (p<0.01)and the results were still stable in the follow-up phase Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Comparison of the effectiveness of approaches based on acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and reality therapy on irrational thoughts of female supervisors under the auspices of the Relief Committee
Yagoub Nikookar Alireza Jafari Ghorban Fathi Aghdam jafar poyamaneshThe purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of two approaches based on the acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and reality therapy on the irrational thoughts of female-headed households covered by the Relief Committee. The method of the present MoreThe purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of two approaches based on the acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and reality therapy on the irrational thoughts of female-headed households covered by the Relief Committee. The method of the present study quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest-follow-up and control group. The statistical population of the study included 153 female-headed households of Shabestar County Relief Committee, of which 30 people were selected by available and targeted sampling method whose score was selected in Jones Balabood irrational beliefs test and randomly divided into two experimental groups (based on Acceptance and commitment treatment (reality therapy group)and a control group. Data analysis was performed by mixed analysis of variance Results of the analysis showed that the two approaches based on the acceptance and commitment therapy and reality therapy significantly reduce women's irrational thoughts (P<0.01). Also, comparing the effectiveness of the two groups showed that the effect of treatment method (ACT) on the irrational beliefs of female-headed households was significantly greater than reality therapy(P<0.01), so it can be concluded that irrational beliefs are among the factors that can Cause problems. Based on this model, the acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and reality therapy approachescan be used to improve and correct clients' irrational beliefs. From this study, it can be inferred that there is a significant difference between the effectiveness of the two treatments on irrational thoughts of female-headed households (P = 0.04). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Explaining the role of the family in the passion for work and activity among female heads of the household
Nowruz HashemzehiThe family is the most important institution of socialization and any disruption in the functioning of the family affects the pillars of the society. The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the role of family in the desire for a job among 18-60-year- MoreThe family is the most important institution of socialization and any disruption in the functioning of the family affects the pillars of the society. The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the role of family in the desire for a job among 18-60-year-old female heads of households in Qiyamdasht using a survey method and a questionnaire tool and a sample size of 100 people by systematic sampling. Validity was confirmed by the judgment of experts and the reliability of the instrument was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient.The results showed that 14% of the women are illiterate, their fathers' occupational status is low, but they themselves wished for an average occupational status and 87% had a high job enthusiasm. Tailoring, hairdressing, carpet weaving, cooking, sales have been among the most important areas of their desire to be employed.There is a relationship between father's and mother's education, as well as the suitable age for marriage of daughters from the mother's point of view, with women's career aspirations, but there is a correlation between the length of time the parents have lived in Tehran, the suitable age for the daughter's marriage from the father's point of view, and monthly expenses. Family, father's occupational status, work motivation and women's success were not confirmed by their career enthusiasm. None of the family characteristics had any effect on women's job enthusiasm.Empowering women requires transformation in all relevant institutions. To reduce women's problems, entrepreneurship and job creation should be prioritized. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Sociological Factors of Domestic Violence towards Adolescent Female Children (case study: High schools in Ahwaz)
محمود یعقوبی دوست حلیمه عنایتThis study aimed to examine the sociological factors of domestic violence towards adolescent female children in Ahvaz. The study is a survey. The population of the research consisted of high school girl students and their parents in Ahvaz‚ from among w MoreThis study aimed to examine the sociological factors of domestic violence towards adolescent female children in Ahvaz. The study is a survey. The population of the research consisted of high school girl students and their parents in Ahvaz‚ from among whom 384 were selected as samples through multi –stage sampling technique. In this study, Four questionnaires" Childhood Trauma Questionnaire measuring instrument (Child Abuse and Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) (Bernstein, 1995), Duncan’s scale of socio-economic parents (SES)‚ Russell’s social isolation UCLA)) 1976, a scale of perceived emotional support (MSPSS Zimet & et al) (1998) were used. For data analysis, statistical indicators, standard deviation, t test, and ‚ Pearson regression analysis were used. According to the study, the variable "social isolation, perceived emotional social support, socio - economic, situation and the household population have a significant relationship with domestic violence of parents toulard young female children. The results of multiple regression showed that the variable of social isolation has the most impact to predict the dependent variable. According to the research findings, this issue requires consideration of both the families and the authorities to prevent control and reduce its negative impact on society and families. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Investigating the relationship between social trust and online provision of essential goods and services among households living in Natanz in 2021
Mahnaz Jalili Bal Fateme Sadat Mashhadithe rapid development of the internet has provided new opportunities like providing ‎essential goods and services in the internet . in this important matter , several factors are ‎involved which one of which is social trust and its dimensions . the purpose of th Morethe rapid development of the internet has provided new opportunities like providing ‎essential goods and services in the internet . in this important matter , several factors are ‎involved which one of which is social trust and its dimensions . the purpose of this study ‎was to investigate the relationship between social trust and internet preparation of essential ‎goods and services among Natanz households . the method of this research in terms of ‎objective is applied and in terms of time is cross - sectional and data collection method is ‎survey . the population of this study is 15 thousand households in Natanz , with a sample ‎size of 400 people with cochran formula that was selected by cluster method and random ‎sampling method . the research tool is a researcher - made questionnaire whose validity ‎was confirmed by the professors of the community and its reliability was confirmed by ‎Cronbach 's alpha 0/76 . using SPSS software , the following results were obtained : there is ‎a significant relationship between individual and institutional trust by buying online ‎shopping , durable and durable goods and receiving services . according to the meaningful ‎relation between institutional social trust and online shopping , strengthening of trust ‎building processes by institutions is necessary‏ .‏ Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - The assessment of the social factors associated with social health of families in Tabriz
Samad Sabbagh Narmineh Moinian Sara SabbaghOne of the key goals of health system in each country is to maintain and improve the health and quality of life for all people in the community. To do this, providing the appropriate facilities for meeting the physical, mental, social health needs of human life at all s MoreOne of the key goals of health system in each country is to maintain and improve the health and quality of life for all people in the community. To do this, providing the appropriate facilities for meeting the physical, mental, social health needs of human life at all stages is considered as the basic rights. Health is not just a biological subject, but social factors are also involved in determining the health status of the people. Many factors contribute to this situation such as social confidence, leisure time, feeling of hopelessness, religious beliefs and socio-economic status of individuals. Method of study is Survey and technique for collecting data was standardized questionnaire. Statistical Population includes Tabriz households who were 428,009. According to the formula for determining the sample size, 326 households were selected for Tabriz city. Sampling method was multi-stage cluster sampling method. The overall aim of this study was to determine the social factors associated with social health in Tabriz families. Results of this study show that there is a significant relationship between social health of Tabriz households and the mentioned variables. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - The Effect of economic capital and satisfaction of urban services on citizens' participation inUremiain the separation and collection of household waste
Laura Alyari Mohammad Abbaszadeh Hussein MirzaeiThe separation of waste is an important issue and duty in the developed cities in the world. The reason of this subject is protection of environment that healthiness of human and other organisms depend on it, so the aim of this study was to determine the citizenship's p MoreThe separation of waste is an important issue and duty in the developed cities in the world. The reason of this subject is protection of environment that healthiness of human and other organisms depend on it, so the aim of this study was to determine the citizenship's participation in separation and collection of household waste and the effect of economic capital and satisfaction of urban services on it in Uremia city. The research method was survey and data have been collected through questionnaire. The sample size was 612 who were selected via multi-stage cluster sampling. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between satisfaction of urban services and dependent variable. Also there is a significant relationship between economic capital and participation in separation and collection of metal and plastic waste. The stepwise multiple regression analysis results show that satisfaction of urban services explain 12/1 percent of variable variance of citizens' participation in separation and collection of household waste. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Studying the Demand Schedule and Consumption Behavior of the Urban Households of the Country
Mohammad Ali Motafaker azad Habib Agajani Kazem Amjadi In this paper, the consumption behavior of the Urbanal households of the country in Iran has been studied over 1358-1380 through “Almost Ideal Demand System” model. The articles studied in five main groups include “ More In this paper, the consumption behavior of the Urbanal households of the country in Iran has been studied over 1358-1380 through “Almost Ideal Demand System” model. The articles studied in five main groups include “foods, drinks and tobacco products”, “clothing and shoes”, “residence, fuel and electricity”, and “other goods and services”. To study the consumption behavior of city households, Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) has been used. The estimation of the mentioned system has been performed by SUR method. After estimating this model for various article groups of the country urban households, the related, intersecting and income price elasticity has been calculated. The results obtained from hypotheses test show that the homogeneous hypotheses denoting the lack of users’ monetary suspicion, impressibility of household consumption basket by the relative changes of prices, the necessity of article group of " food, drink and tobacco products " and " furniture ", the concordance of price related coefficients with the demand theory has been verified and the conjunction hypothesis (on the intersection effect of prices) is rejected. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Evaluating the Impact of Social Capital on the Empowerment of Young Female Heads of Households (Case Study of Bojnourd)
Hadi Afra Esmaeil Ghorbani Samira Khoramdel -
Open Access Article
53 - Estimation of gasoline, electricity and gas demand system for urban households of Iran
Aliakbar KhosravinejadThe purpose of this paper is to estimate the income, price and crossover elasticity's of energy carriers of Iranian urban households. For this purpose, the demand system of energy carriers including gasoline, household electricity and household gas for urban households MoreThe purpose of this paper is to estimate the income, price and crossover elasticity's of energy carriers of Iranian urban households. For this purpose, the demand system of energy carriers including gasoline, household electricity and household gas for urban households is estimated from the combined household-year data with 77758 households during the years 2016-2017. The distinguishing feature of this article is the use of monthly price index data along with cross-sectional household budget data. The results show that gasoline, household electricity and household gas are among the essential goods. Of these three commodities, gasoline and household electricity are estimated to be elastic and gas domestic is elastic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Improving the Efficiency of Household Electricity Consumption and Its Return Effect in Iran In Terms Of Asymmetry in Electricity Prices
azar alidadi pour musa khoshkalam khosroshahiThe purpose of this paper is to estimate the size of the direct return effect related to electricity consumption in the domestic sector of Iran in terms of asymmetry in electricity prices using the conventional least squares method. For this purpose, and considering the MoreThe purpose of this paper is to estimate the size of the direct return effect related to electricity consumption in the domestic sector of Iran in terms of asymmetry in electricity prices using the conventional least squares method. For this purpose, and considering the separation of electricity prices based on the Dargi and Gitley (1995) study, annual data for the period 1397-1347 and estimating the elasticity of electricity demand have been used. The results showed that first, improving the efficiency of household electricity consumption has a return effect and second, the return effect in the household sector is equal to 43%; That is, with a 10% increase in home appliance technology, 4.3% of the expected reserve due to the improvement of electricity consumption efficiency did not occur and this amount appeared in the form of a return effect and only 5.7% of the expected reserve in electricity consumption was realized. Based on the findings, it is suggested that economic policymakers, by accurately estimating the return effect, while achieving the goal of saving electricity consumption, also avoid wasting resources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - The Effect of Habit Formation on Consumers Behavior in Iran
Mir Hosein Mousavi Elnaz khojasteh Farid DehghaniIn this paper, the effect of formed habits on consumer behavior was investigated by separating the three effects of generation, age and time (year) by generating a quasi-hybrid data set using the Dayton method. For this purpose, in the field of generations, 14 generatio MoreIn this paper, the effect of formed habits on consumer behavior was investigated by separating the three effects of generation, age and time (year) by generating a quasi-hybrid data set using the Dayton method. For this purpose, in the field of generations, 14 generations were studied from 1305 to 1995. Concerning time (year), this research investigates over 30 years from 1986 to 2020. The age of the subjects in this study ranged from 16 to 72 years. The results of the analysis of generation effects show that consumption expenditures are increasing with younger generations. The results of the study of the effect of time show the increase of households' consumption expenditure during the years 1986 to 2020 and the somewhat constant trend of the years 1995 to 2015. Results of the effects of age on consumption expenditure pattern confirmed the life cycle pattern. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Effect of Price Changes in Main Commodity Groups on Rural Households Welfare Based on Linear Expenditure System
samad hekmati farid soleiman feizi nafiseh saadatThis paper is to evaluate the effect of price changes in 8 main commodity groups on rural households during 2001-2012. To estimate subsistence level, rural households' data issued by Iranian Statistics Center is used. In addition, by the the results of linear expenditur MoreThis paper is to evaluate the effect of price changes in 8 main commodity groups on rural households during 2001-2012. To estimate subsistence level, rural households' data issued by Iranian Statistics Center is used. In addition, by the the results of linear expenditure system, the price and income elasticities is calculated along with the compensation and equivalent variations of Iranian Rural households. The results represent that subsistence level for Rural households is 40637 thousand Rials in the year 2012. Furthermore, the compensation and equivalent variations calculated by of commodity groups indicate the increase of prices in each commodity group of subsistence level will decrease rural households welfare. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - The Effects of Mining Sector and Mining Industries Development on Government Revenue and Income of Households in Iran
davoud behboudi mohammad mehdi barghi oskoee Robab Mohammadi khaneghahiAbstract The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of an increase in the investment and productivity of the mining sector on government revenue and income of households in Iran. For this respect, a dynamic computable general equilibrium (DCGE) model and socia MoreAbstract The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of an increase in the investment and productivity of the mining sector on government revenue and income of households in Iran. For this respect, a dynamic computable general equilibrium (DCGE) model and social accounting matrix (SAM) for Iran for year 1390 is used. The results showed that increasing in mining sector investment and improving its total factor productivity positively affected government revenue and income of households in both urban and rural groups. The results also reveal that the development in the mining sector in Iran has the least effect on the income of rural households and the most effect on income of urban households. Based on the results, it is necessary for policymakers to adopt policies to increase investment and improve the total factor productivity of the mining sector. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Economic and social consequences of the construction of freeways in rural settlements (Case Study: district eastern Miankuh)
M. toulabi nejad A.A. anabestani l. solgiEconomic and social development of rural settlements is absolutely contingent on basic services, especially transport infrastructure and services. Development of rural settlements as well as the development of different economic sectors, social and industry. So in this MoreEconomic and social development of rural settlements is absolutely contingent on basic services, especially transport infrastructure and services. Development of rural settlements as well as the development of different economic sectors, social and industry. So in this article using library and field (questionnaire) to examine the economic and social effects of transport Highways Khorramabad- Paul Zal district in rural areas in the eastern valley has been Poldokhtar city. The construction of the highway from 1384 to over 104 at the junction of two Khorramabad and Andimeshk had begun on 11 Persian dates Aban 1389 and officially came into operation. The statistical population included rural families eastern in Miyankoh (N= 514), 103 households using the Cochrane formula (12 villages) were selected as the sample. For single-sample t-test data analysis, Friedman test, linear regression, and path analysis were used. The results of-of the analysis of the data indicates a freeway positive impact on economic and social indicators in the study area So that increases the income of rural households, Increase household access to markets for agricultural products, The rising cost of agricultural land, Increasing access to health, education, and quality of life in rural areas is studied. Therefore, we can say that one of the most important and best practices for the development of rural settlements, Increased investment in infrastructure and transport in the regions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Socioeconomic Analysis of Different Categories of Farm in Selected Areas of Mymensingh, Bangladesh
Limon Deb Md. Mian Md. Asaduzzaman Shahali Mitul Md. Rahaman -
Open Access Article
60 - Assessment of Poverty Alleviation Strategies Used By Rural Farming Households in Ondo State, Nigeria
Felix. Oladipo Abdulrazaq Daudu M. Kuye -
Open Access Article
61 - Analysis of Factors Influencing Food Security Status of Female Headed Farm Households in Abia State, Nigeria
Kelechi Osondu -
Open Access Article
62 - Factors Influencing Rural Livelihood Diversification Activities among Women in Northern Region of Ghana
Hamza Adam Henny Osbahr -
Open Access Article
63 - Factors’ Affecting the Motives of Rural Households’ Saving Behavior in North Bench District, Bench Maji Zone of Southern Ethiopia
A Gonosa B Bargissa K Tesfay -
Open Access Article
64 - Push and Pull Factors Promoting Agroforestry Tree Crop Uncontrolled Extraction on Rural Households in Delta State, Nigeria
Theophilus Gbigbi -
Open Access Article
65 - Impact of Women Empowerment on Food Security among Rural Households in Kwara State, Nigeria
Azeez Muhammad-Lawal Kemi Omotesho Oluwaremilekun Jimoh Nimat Abdulraheem Lvie Loreta Olaghere -
Open Access Article
66 - Indigenous Food Crop Production and Extent Decisions among Farm Households in Northern Ghana
Alhassan Andani -
Open Access Article
67 - Influence of Women on Crop Choice Decision Making among Farm Households in Northern Ghana
Alhassan Andani John Jatoe -
Open Access Article
68 - Factors Affecting the Rural Poverty and its Vulnerability
O. F Ogebe M. A Adejo P. A Burbuwa -
Open Access Article
69 - Perception, Adaptation Strategies and Challenges of Climate Change among Rural Households in Anyigba, Dekina Local Government Area Of Kogi State, Nigeria
Haruna Opaluwa Opeyemi Gbenga Nyamida Mercy -
Open Access Article
70 - Analysis of Income Determinants among Farm Households in Kaduna State, Nigeria
O Ogah F Ogebe M Shehu -
Open Access Article
71 - Economic Analysis of Cooperative Societies and Agricultural Productivity in Rural Households in Delta State, Nigeria
Peter Emaziye -
Open Access Article
72 - Covid-19 Lockdown: Implication on Commodity Food Price and Household Food Security in Kwara State, Nigeria
Oluwaremilekun Adebisi Luke Oloruntoba Adebisi Femi Ibrahim Amos Omofaiye Asuquo Jonathan -
Open Access Article
73 - Farm households’ welfare and smallholder rice production in northern Ghana: Does all-year-round cultivation make any difference?
Alhassan Andani Mohammed Abdulai -
Open Access Article
74 - Knowledge of Women with Agricultural Household Jobs toward Innovation Management in Masjed Soliman Township, Khouzestan Province, Iran
Shahrzad Faraji Azadeh Noorollah Noorivandi -
Open Access Article
75 - Gender Differentials in Food Output and Food Security in Anambra State Southeast Nigeria
Chinasaokwu Onyemauwa Nnamdi Ehirim Jones Lemchi Nkiru Ben-Chendo Okwudili Nwosu Chiemeka Onwuegbuchi -
Open Access Article
76 - Impact of Kampe Irrigation Dam on Farming Household Dietary Diversity in Kogi state, Nigeria
Babatunde R. O Opeyemi G Adenuga H. A Olagunju F. I Aminou A -
Open Access Article
77 - Determinants of Poverty among Rural Households in South Western States, Nigeria
Olubunmi Lawrence Balogun -
Open Access Article
78 - Analysis of Factors Determining Households Food Security in Pastoral Area Oromia Region, Moyale District, in Ethiopia
Amsalu Mitiku Bekabil Fufa Beyene Tadese -
Open Access Article
79 - Gender Roles in Livestock Production among Urban Farming Households
Anthonia Asadu I.A Enwelu P.I. Ifejika E.M Igbokwe -
Open Access Article
80 - Exploring the Roles of Agricultural Extension in Promoting Food Security in Kwazulu-Natal Province, South Africa
Abdu-Raheem Kamal Adekunle -
Open Access Article
81 - Impact of Small-Holders’ Cattle Fattening on Household Income Generation in Fadis District of Eastern Hararghe Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia
Jafer Mume Fikadu TadesseAt the household level, livestock plays a critical economic and social role in pastoralists and at the household level, livestock plays a critical economic and social role in pastoralists and smallholder farm households. The objectives of this study were to analyze fact MoreAt the household level, livestock plays a critical economic and social role in pastoralists and at the household level, livestock plays a critical economic and social role in pastoralists and smallholder farm households. The objectives of this study were to analyze factors affecting participation in cattle fattening and its impacts on household income in Fadis district of Eastern Hararghe. Both primary and secondary data were used. The data were collected by means of a semi-structured questionnaire from 124 samples during the period of April 20-May20/ 2017. Logit estimation revealed that participation in cattle fattening is significantly influenced by five variables. Age of household head, labor force in family member, market information, access to agricultural extension services and number of livestock are significant variables which affect the participation of the household in cattle fattening practices. Propensity score matching method was applied to analyze the impact of the cattle fattening on the household income generation. In matching processes, kernel matching with 0.25 band width was resulted in relatively low pseudo-R2 with best balancing test was found to be the best matching algorithm. This method was checked for standardized bias, t-test, and joint significance level. Propensity score matching results revealed that household participated in cattle fattening practice have got 14,071 more farm income and 12,617 total household income in Ethiopian Birr (ETB) than those household that were not participated in fattening practices. This income difference shows how non-farm and off-farm income compensated for income obtained from cattle fattening activities with farm income. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
82 - تأثیر افزایش قیمت برق بر رفاه بخش خانگی مناطق روستایی استان گیلان
حسین صالحی Esfandiar Doshman Ziari Mohammad Sadegh Ziaeiبه منظور بررسی اثر افزایش قیمت برق در بخش خانگی بر رفاه خانوارهای روستایی استان گیلان با استفاده از سیستم تقاضای تقریبا ایده­آل؛ کشش­ها و تغییرات رفاهی ناشی از افزایش 50 درصدی و افزایش 100 درصدی قیمت برق خانگی و افزایش تدریجی قیمت برق خانگی در چهار سال (هر سال ا Moreبه منظور بررسی اثر افزایش قیمت برق در بخش خانگی بر رفاه خانوارهای روستایی استان گیلان با استفاده از سیستم تقاضای تقریبا ایده­آل؛ کشش­ها و تغییرات رفاهی ناشی از افزایش 50 درصدی و افزایش 100 درصدی قیمت برق خانگی و افزایش تدریجی قیمت برق خانگی در چهار سال (هر سال افزایش 25 درصدی) با استفاده از دو معیار تغییرات جبرانی و تغییرات معادل طی دوره زمانی 91-1370 محاسبه شده­است. نتایج نشان می­دهد قدر مطلق کشش درآمدی و قیمتی برق کوچک­تر از واحد بوده­است. پایین­بودن کشش قیمتی تقاضا از طرفی نشان­دهنده تأثیر جزئی تغییرات قیمت بر روی تقاضای برق در دوره مورد بررسی بوده و از طرف دیگر بیان­گر عدم وجود جانشین مناسب برای برق در بخش خانگی می­باشد.محاسبات تغییرات رفاهی و مقایسه­ی آنها با سهم برق از یارانه­ی پرداختی، نشان میدهد که با افزایش 50 و 100 درصدی قیمت برق خانگی پول پرداختی به خانوار کمتر از میزان مبلغ به­دست آمده­است و می­توان گفت که اثر مستقیم واقعی­کردن قیمت برق خانگی (افزایش قیمت) جبران نشده­است. در واقع میزان رفاهی که خانوار در اثر افزایش قیمت برق از دست داده­است بیش­تر از رفاهی است که به­دست آورده­است و لذا خانوارها متضرر شده­اند. اما در مورد سناریوی افزایش تدریجی قیمت، مبلغ CV به­دست­آمده کمتر از میزان دریافتی خانوار بوده و به این دلیل در واقع تنها با اعمال این سیاست قیمتی است که خانوار متضرر نشده و رفاه آن افزایش یافته­است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
83 - پیش بینی سطوح امنیت غذایی خانوارهای روستایی بر مبنای عوامل اقتصادی ـ اجتماعی : مورد مطالعه شهرستان نهاوند
سعدی فتح الهی گلام بحری حسین شعبانعلی فمی علی اسدینقش تغذیه در سلامت، افزایش کارایی و ارتباط آن با توسعه اقتصادی، طی تحقیقات گسترده در سطح جهانی با مبانی علمی و شواهد تجربی مورد تایید قرار گرفته است. بنابراین دسترسی به امنیت غذایی از محورهای اساسی توسعه است. از این رو هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر، بررسی نقش عوامل اقتصادی ـ اجتم Moreنقش تغذیه در سلامت، افزایش کارایی و ارتباط آن با توسعه اقتصادی، طی تحقیقات گسترده در سطح جهانی با مبانی علمی و شواهد تجربی مورد تایید قرار گرفته است. بنابراین دسترسی به امنیت غذایی از محورهای اساسی توسعه است. از این رو هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر، بررسی نقش عوامل اقتصادی ـ اجتماعی مؤثر بر امنیت غذایی خانوارهای روستایی در شهرستان نهاوند می­باشد. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل 26599 خانوار روستایی شهرستان نهاوند بود که تعداد 255 نفر با استفاده از فرمول کوکران و روش نمونه­گیری طبقه‏ای، به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابزار اصلی پژوهش پرسشنامه‏ای بود که روایی آن توسط اعضای هیئت علمی گروه مدیریت و توسعه کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران و پایایی آن توسط ضریب آلفای کرونباخ تأیید گردید. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‏ها در دو بخش آمار توصیفی و استنباطی با استفاده از نرم افزارSPSSwin21 انجام شد. نتایج حاصل از آزمون F نشان داد که بین سطوح مختلف درآمد خانوار از نظر سطح ناامنی غذایی اختلاف معنی­دار آماری در سطح یک درصد وجود دارد. هم­چنین نتایج حاصل از تحلیل رگرسیون لجیت (پروبیت) حاکی از آن است که متغیرهای توان تصمیم­گیری و آگاهی تغذیه­ای سرپرست خانوار و درآمد خانوار بیشترین تاثیر را بر روی میزان امنیت غذایی خانوارهای روستایی داشته­اند. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
84 - Impact of Youth Commercial Agricultural Development Programme on Poverty Status of Rural Households in Ekiti State, Nigeria
Adetomiwa Kolapo Olanrewaju Adebayo Olanipekun یوآنده بوبولا آکانده Matthew Kolawole Opeyemi Muhammed -
Open Access Article
85 - Determinants of Deprivation Among Part–time Cassava Farming Households in the Humid Tropic
Nsikak-Abasi A Etim Sunday Okon Iniobong A. AkpabioAs cost of living rises and people’s wages / salaries do not cover their basic food and dietary needs, interest in parttime farming has risen. Part-time farming activities are being practiced by different people as a food security strategy from vulnerable househol MoreAs cost of living rises and people’s wages / salaries do not cover their basic food and dietary needs, interest in parttime farming has risen. Part-time farming activities are being practiced by different people as a food security strategy from vulnerable households. But these part-time farms have had limited success in providing food/nutrition security, increasing incomes and improving well-being. Understanding the factors underlying their persistent deprivation is imperative when designing policies and programmes to meet their needs and improve their welfare. Farm level survey data collected from 60 households with the aid of questionnaire were used to estimate the determinants of deprivation by Tobit regression model. Using the maximum likelihood approach, asymptotic parameters estimates were evaluated to describe determinants of deprivation. Sex, marital status, household size, education, farm income and labour were significant determinants of deprivation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
86 - Labour and Poverty: Empirical Relationship Using House Data from South Nigeria
Nsikak-Abasi A. Etim Sunday Okon Inibong A. AkpabioIn Nigeria, most farming activities rely on family labor. However, rural-urban drift and the movement of young people away from agriculture are making labor increasingly pause. Thus, labor has become a major constraint to expanding the scope of production by small-scale MoreIn Nigeria, most farming activities rely on family labor. However, rural-urban drift and the movement of young people away from agriculture are making labor increasingly pause. Thus, labor has become a major constraint to expanding the scope of production by small-scale resource poor farmers. This paper provides an empirical relationship between labor and poverty using data from households. Through a multi stage sampling procedure, 150 farming households were selected using questionnaire. Results of Foster, Greer and Thorbecke decomposition show that poverty incidence, depth and severity increase with increase in labor employed in farm operations implying that poverty is directly related to labor. Finding further reveals that the difference in poverty incidence of one of the sub-group (1-50 Vs 50-100) pair is statistically significant at (P<0.05). Results suggest that the mandays of labor employed significantly affect the poverty incidence of farm households. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
87 - Effect of Access to Health Facilities on the Health Status of Rural Households at Kermanshah Province (Case Study: Bisotoun District)
Zahra Korani Fateme Pourghasem Tahereh EmamiThe main purpose of this study was to investigate effect of access to health facilities on the health status of rural households at Kermanshah Province. Statistical pupation of this study consisted of all heads of rural households at Bisotoun district in Harsin Township MoreThe main purpose of this study was to investigate effect of access to health facilities on the health status of rural households at Kermanshah Province. Statistical pupation of this study consisted of all heads of rural households at Bisotoun district in Harsin Township, Kermanshah Province, Iran (N=1020), that 278 of them were selected by the cluster random sampling method. The main instrument of this study was a questionnaire which its validity confirmed by a panel of experts and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The results showed that the health status of rural households was medium at the given district. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that 36% of the dependent variable (health status) is explained by five following variables: level of water availability, level of sewer system availability, and level of access to health services (e.g. toilet, bath, health home, etc.), access to resources and communication and information channels and the level of waste disposal system availability. The results of this study can be considered by authorities and politicians so that they can pay more attention to the rural health issues. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
88 - Factors Affecting Nonfarm Income Diversification among Rural Farm Households in Central Nepal
Raju Ghimire Wen-Chi Huang Rudra Bahadur ShresthaNonfarm activities play an important role in the determination of rural household income, consumption expenditure, and household food security. However, much less studies have been devoted to the factors that influence nonfarm income diversification by farm household in MoreNonfarm activities play an important role in the determination of rural household income, consumption expenditure, and household food security. However, much less studies have been devoted to the factors that influence nonfarm income diversification by farm household in developing countries. Using cross-sectional data and a probit model, this study attempts to determine the factors influencing nonfarm income diversification decisions by farm households in Central Nepal. The result reveals that household characteristics such as age, gender and education of the household head, and family size play a significant role in nonfarm work decisions. The households with larger farm size are less likely to participate in nonfarm work than their counterpart. Additionally, for those remains in the rural households, distance to road and market hinders the opportunities for nonfarm work. Finally, regional differences also exist in participating nonfarm activities among farm households. This study suggests that government policy should pay more attention on education, gender and infrastructures such as road and markets, to reduce the entry barriers and facilitate easier access to nonfarm activities. Also, nonfarm activities need to be promoted and incorporated in governmental plans and policies for balanced development between hills and terai areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
89 - The Determinants of Rural Poverty in Nigeria
Nsikak-Abasi A. Etim Edet J. UdohMost of the population of Nigeria is rural and agriculture is the mainstay of the impoverished people’s livelihood. This paper estimated the determinants of rural poverty in Nigeria using the Tobit regression model. Through the multistage sampling technique, prima MoreMost of the population of Nigeria is rural and agriculture is the mainstay of the impoverished people’s livelihood. This paper estimated the determinants of rural poverty in Nigeria using the Tobit regression model. Through the multistage sampling technique, primary data were obtained from 150 rural farming households using a questionnaire. The Result of Tobit regression analysis shows that increase in farm income, farm size and amount of agricultural loan led to a decrease in the level of poverty by 0.9953, 0.1220 and 0.4016 x 10-6 respectively. Membership of the cooperative by household heads, ownership of certain assets, access to extension services, and modern farming inputs, increase in educational attainment and male heads of households decreased the likelihood of being poor. Findings also reveal that except for access to loan that is elastic, the responsiveness of the probability and intensity of poverty to dependency ratio, farming experience, farm size and income are inelastic. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
90 - Fighting Hunger Together: A Case of Women Farmers’ Participation in Women Groups in Mwala Division, Kenya
Rebecca Njoki Karaya Christopher Assa Onyango David Mulama AmudaviFood security remains a major challenge for most rural households in Kenya especially those in arid and semi arid areas. Women play a crucial role as primary food producers and custodians of household food security. They however face many constraints in their endeavor t MoreFood security remains a major challenge for most rural households in Kenya especially those in arid and semi arid areas. Women play a crucial role as primary food producers and custodians of household food security. They however face many constraints in their endeavor to secure food for their households. Women, lack access to extension education, land and credit and these challenges are exacerbated by effects of climatic variability, especially drought. In response to the difficulties facing them, women in Mwala have formed organizations (women groups) as safety-nets to help them face these challenges collectively rather than as individuals. This study research was designed to investigate how women's participation in the groups influences them to overcome constraints related to their household food security. The study used a cross sectional survey design. A sample of 156 respondents was selected through simple random sampling, with 94 women farmers being group members and 62 non group members. Ten key informants were purposively sampled from group leaders of the most active women groups influenced in agricultural activities to participate in a focus group discussion. The data was analysed using SPSS package version 17 and presented using frequencies, percentages, multiple regression, and Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient. The study revealed that household food security is significantly and positively influenced by participation of women farmers in women groups (F=9.980, p<0.001), that the level of intensity of participation in group activities did not significantly influence household food security (x2=.112) and that linking with outside agencies was positively and significantly correlated to group performance measured in terms of benefits availed to the members through their groups. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
91 - اثر تغییرات آب و هوا بر هزینههای مواد غذایی خانوارهای روستایی ایران
علیرضا کرباسی چیمن صیادیاین پژوهش به بررسی تغییرات آب و هوا بر هزینه مواد غذایی خانوارهای روستایی در ایران میپردازد. هزینه موادغذایی خانوارهای روستایی ایران به عنوان تابعی از متوسط درآمد خانوارهای روستایی، شاخص قیمت خرده فروشی مواد غذایی، هزینه موادغذایی خانوارهای روستایی، سطح زیرکشت و آب و Moreاین پژوهش به بررسی تغییرات آب و هوا بر هزینه مواد غذایی خانوارهای روستایی در ایران میپردازد. هزینه موادغذایی خانوارهای روستایی ایران به عنوان تابعی از متوسط درآمد خانوارهای روستایی، شاخص قیمت خرده فروشی مواد غذایی، هزینه موادغذایی خانوارهای روستایی، سطح زیرکشت و آب و هوا با استفاده از روش پانل پویا و نرمافزار Stata11برای 26 استان کشور بررسی شده است. بارندگی، دما و رطوبت نسبی به عنوان شاخص­هایی برای متغیر آب و هوا در نظر گرفته شده است. نتایج نشاندهنده تأثیر معنیدار و مثبت متوسط درآمد خانوارهای روستایی، شاخص قیمت خرده فروشی مواد غذایی، هزینه مواد غذایی خانوارهای روستایی با یک وقفه و بارندگی بر هزینه مواد غذایی خانوارهای روستایی است، سطح زیرکشت و رطوبت نسبی بر هزینههای مواد غذایی خانوارهای روستایی اثر نداشته است و دما اثر منفی و معناداری بر هزینههای مواد غذایی خانوارهای روستایی دارد. در پایان با توجه به تأثیری که هر کدام از متغیرهای گفته شده به طور صریح بر هزینه مواد غذایی خانوارهای روستایی و بطور ضمنی بر امنیت غذایی این خانوارها دارند پیشنهادهایی برای حفظ و همچنین بهبود امنیت غذایی در خانوارهای روستایی ارائه شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
92 - Family Income and Cash Flow of Rural Households in South East Nigeria: A Comparative and Gender – Based Analysis
Olajide O. Adeola W. DopplerThis study focused on the income generating capacity of farm family’s own resources and examined the vulnerability to financial risk among the remote and peri-urban farming systems of Imo state. Primary data was collected using the farming and rural systems approa MoreThis study focused on the income generating capacity of farm family’s own resources and examined the vulnerability to financial risk among the remote and peri-urban farming systems of Imo state. Primary data was collected using the farming and rural systems approach to randomly select and interview 120 households. Descriptive statistics and Mann whitney test were used in assessing between group differences while regression analysis was used to test the determinants of family income spread within the households. The results showed that the farming systems differed significantly in terms of rewards to resource use and efficiency. It also showed that remotely located households were more likely to be vulnerable to financial risks. A comparison of Male and Female Headed Households showed that the households had similar income generating potentials but with the cash flow analysis a safe conclusion may be reached that Female Headed Household were more financially unhealthy. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
93 - Shocks and Coping Strategies of Rural Households: Evidence from Ogo-Oluwa Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria
Seyi Olalekan Olawuyi Olapade-Ogunwole Fola Raufu Mufutau OyedapoRural households in Nigeria are vulnerable to shock because of their limited capacity to make informed decision on secured coping strategies which is further aggravated by some households’ specific socio-economic characteristics. Attempts were made to identify sho MoreRural households in Nigeria are vulnerable to shock because of their limited capacity to make informed decision on secured coping strategies which is further aggravated by some households’ specific socio-economic characteristics. Attempts were made to identify shocks being faced by households’ heads and coping strategies. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 80 respondents and well structured questionnaire was used to collect data through in-depth interview. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics to describe households’ socio-economic variables; Probit analysis was also used to determine the relationship between personal socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, shocks and choice of coping actions. The results revealed that a large share of households experience multidimensional shocks, which are mainly associated to ecological but also suffer from other economic, demographic and social factors. Majority of households undertake coping actions in response to shocks; coping strategies employed but not limited to include borrowing, distress sales of assets, remittances, adjustment in food intake, drawing on savings. Educational status, household size, per capita income, shocks type, coping strategies, among others are found to significantly affect the choice of coping actions and are likely to have implications for households’ future welfare status. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
94 - Household Fuels Use and Related Environmental Policy options (A Case Study of Iran)
Jamshid Pajooyan Marjan DamankeshideEnvironmental taxes, so called Pigouian or Green tax, are considered as a policy instrument to control pollution. Green taxes are a sort of levies on expenditure and used by government as a fiscal policy tool to prevent pollution activities of any economic agents .in co MoreEnvironmental taxes, so called Pigouian or Green tax, are considered as a policy instrument to control pollution. Green taxes are a sort of levies on expenditure and used by government as a fiscal policy tool to prevent pollution activities of any economic agents .in contrast to direct and indirect taxes, Green tax has more advantages, for it can provide revenue for government and also can mitigate the negative effect of externalities. As such it renders a two-sided effect on efficiency ground. Towards this ends, the Rotterdam demand system was applied to this study. The findings of this paper indicate that the adoption of green tax policy would encourage the household to substitute other sources of clean energy for fuels use (oil and gas) and hence contribute to environment protection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
95 - The effectiveness of positive psychology training on perceived support and self-criticism in women heads of households
Fatemeh Torkashvand Fatemeh Sadat Zahedi Mahshid izadiThe purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychology training on perceived social support and self-criticism in women heads of households. Materials and methods: The method of this research is semi-experimental. The statistical popula MoreThe purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychology training on perceived social support and self-criticism in women heads of households. Materials and methods: The method of this research is semi-experimental. The statistical population of this research includes all female heads of households in District 6 of Mashhad city, whose number is equal to 250 people. The sample of the present study includes 30 women heads of households who were selected voluntarily and available and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. The training group was trained and after the completion of the sessions and 2 months after the training, both groups answered the questionnaires. To measure the variables, Zimet et al.'s perceived social support questionnaires (1988) and Thompson and Zurov's (2004) self-criticism level scale have been used. Findings: The findings show that positive psychology training was effective on the perceived social support and self-criticism of female household heads (P<0.05). Discussion: From the findings of this research, it can be concluded that positive psychology training can reduce self-criticism and increase perceived social support in women, as a result, it can improve quality of life, life satisfaction, and mental and psychological well-being. increase in these people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
96 - Predict of Happiness Based on Resilient Components Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System in Female-headed households
Parastoo Afarinandeh Shima ParandinFemale-headed households have many physical and mental problems. Today, methods of mathematical computing can be used as reliable tool for predicting individuals' psychological problems. Targeting and optimism about the future are important components of resiliency that MoreFemale-headed households have many physical and mental problems. Today, methods of mathematical computing can be used as reliable tool for predicting individuals' psychological problems. Targeting and optimism about the future are important components of resiliency that affect women's happiness. Happiness and consequently depression in female-headed households is a disease so it needs to be identified and predicted. The aim of this study was to predict happiness in female-headed based on resiliency components using ANFIS. In this study, the measuring instrument was the Conner and Davidson Resiliency and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. The statistical population included 50 female-headed households. The mean happiness and resiliency in female-headed households was 39.8 and 40.26, respectively. After evaluating the models, the final model of happiness prediction based on resiliency components was used. Based on the results, the correlation between resiliency level and happiness of female head was 0.96. The results showed that increasing resiliency in the Female-headed households had a direct and significant effect on their happiness. Based on the results of the high accuracy 0.94 in the final model, fuzzy neural networks can be used well and accurately to predict the level of happiness of Female-headed households, especially at the level of their depression risk. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
97 - The mediating role of Alexitymia in the relationship between coping strategies with psychological and social capital of female-headed households: A model of structural equations
Fahime Ghashghaei Ali Delavar Javad Khalatbari Abdollah ShafiabadiThe aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of Alexitymia in the relationship between coping strategies with psychological and social capital of female-headed households.The present study was a descriptive correlational study based on structural equation MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of Alexitymia in the relationship between coping strategies with psychological and social capital of female-headed households.The present study was a descriptive correlational study based on structural equations.The study population was female-headed welfare in July-September2017,firstsampling was done as a relative classification of Shemiranat, Shahriarshahr,eastTehran,then sampling was done by purposeful method.The sample size according to the number of research variables was considered to be 300 people. Lutans Psychological Capital(PCQ);Bolen Social Capital(SC-IQ).Toronto Emotional Disorder(TAS).Data were analyzed using SPSS and SMARTPLS-3 software to estimate model parameters.The results showed that the model had a good fit and although the direct and indirect effects of predictor and mediator variables on property variables(coping strategy)were significant,but this relationship was not significant with all components of coping strategies.Conclusion:Direct relationship between psychological capital And social and strategies No significant boudoir confrontation The relationship between psychological capital and a significant problem-solving strategy was not identified.In addition,although the indirect relationship between psychological social capital with the mediation of emotional malaise and coping strategies was significant,but with the strategic components of emotion and social support, this relationship was not shown to be significant.Keywords:structural model, psychological capital, capital Social problems, Alexitymia, female-headed households Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
98 - The effectiveness of positive psychology training on perceived and critical self-support in female-headed households
fatemeh torkashvand fatemehsadat zahedi Mahshid izadiThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychology training on perceived social and self-critical support in female-headed households. Materials and Methods: The method of this study is quasi-experimental. There are 250 of them. The sa MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychology training on perceived social and self-critical support in female-headed households. Materials and Methods: The method of this study is quasi-experimental. There are 250 of them. The sample of the present study includes 30 female-headed households who were selected voluntarily and available and were randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. The training group was trained and after the sessions and 2 months after training both groups. They answered the questionnaires. Perceived social support questionnaires of Zimet et al. (1988) and Thompson and Zoroff (2004) self-critical levels scale were used to measure the variables. Results: The results show that positive psychology training on perceived social support. And self-criticism of female-headed households was effective (P <0.05). Discussion: From the findings of this study, it can be concluded that positive psychology education can reduce self-criticism and increase perceived social support in women. The result can increase the quality of life, life satisfaction and mental and psychological well-being in these people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
99 - Synchronizing of Smart Homes in Microgrids using Whale Optimization Algorithm
Farhad Nourozi Navid Ghardash khaniThe household energy management system (HEMS) can optimally schedule home appliances for transferring loads from peak to off-peak times. Consumers of smart houses have HEM, renewable energy sources and storage systems to reduce the bill. In this article, a new HEM model MoreThe household energy management system (HEMS) can optimally schedule home appliances for transferring loads from peak to off-peak times. Consumers of smart houses have HEM, renewable energy sources and storage systems to reduce the bill. In this article, a new HEM model based on the time of usage pricing planning with renewable energy systems is proposed to use the energy more efficiently. The new meta-heuristic whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and the common meta-heuristic of particle swarm optimization (PSO) are used to achieve that. To improve the performance, a mapping chaos theory (CWOA) is proposed. Also, an independent solar energy source is used as a support of the microgrid to achieve a better performance. It is concluded that the energy saving achieved by the proposed algorithm is able to decrease the electricity bill by about 40-50% rather than the WOA and PSO methods. The proposed system is simulated in MATLAB environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
100 - Comparison of social support, coping and family emotional climate and non-sponsored female-headed households in Shiraz
sousan sahami Amaneh GolipoorThe aims of paper was comparison of social support, coping and family emotional climate and non-sponsored female-headed households in Shiraz. Research method was causal-comparative that study sample consisted of 107 households and 107 non-sponsored households. The instr MoreThe aims of paper was comparison of social support, coping and family emotional climate and non-sponsored female-headed households in Shiraz. Research method was causal-comparative that study sample consisted of 107 households and 107 non-sponsored households. The instrument used for data collection were includes social support scale Phillips (PSSI), Coping Inventory For Stressful Situation (CISS) and family emotional climate questionnaire Bern (BFECQ), respectively. Descriptive and explanation statistical methods were used, including multivariate analysis of variance (MANVOA) and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Analyzes were performed using software (SPSS) version 21 for data analysis. Findings showed that except emotional coping style, the scores mean of women heads of household under is higher the of women non-sponsored households. Findings showed that are different in between sponsored female-headed households and non-sponsored households in Shiraz in terms of subscales of social support (family, friends and others support), subscales of coping styles (task oriented, emotion oriented, avoiding oriented coping) and emotional family climate (father-son and mother-child climate) at level of p < 0/001. When women heads of households, institutions sponsored the study says, comfort and become more relaxed, less attachment and can spend more warmth and intimacy of their family and their children. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
101 - The Study of Relationship Between Religiosity and Social Health of Female Headed Households in Rasht
ghorbanali atefi henzeni alie Shekarbeigi omid aliahmadiReligiosity is a fundamental factor in socialization and intellectual coherence, practicality and orientation in solving problems and phenomena and social issues, and thus a factor in improving the social health of individuals. Regarding the importance of the discussion MoreReligiosity is a fundamental factor in socialization and intellectual coherence, practicality and orientation in solving problems and phenomena and social issues, and thus a factor in improving the social health of individuals. Regarding the importance of the discussion of social health, the present study uses a field method, scanning technique, questionnaire tool, and SPSS and Smart PLS software to answer the main question. Whether between different dimensions of religiosity and social health Is there a relationship between the female head of household in Rasht? The statistical population of the present study is female head of household in Rasht, whose number is 26000 according to the latest statistics. The results of the research indicate that between the total amount of religiosity (0.33) and its dimensions, the consequences dimension (P=0.22), religious dimension (P=0.39), belief dimension (P=0.36) There is a positive, direct, and meaningful correlation between social and economic factors (P=0.25) and cognitive dimension (P=0.34). Therefore, all research hypotheses are rejected. The results of the Smart PLS structural equation model also showed that the total effect of the independent variable religiosity on the social health of female head of household is 0.57. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
102 - Theoretical and Empirical Analysis of Household Risk Preparation in Iran
farzam sajjadieh moloud jafariIn this article, the analysis and calculation of the Household Risk Preparation in Iran during 2000-2021 was discussed. For this purpose, following Foa (2014), four main components of the said index, including the household's access to financial resources, social suppor MoreIn this article, the analysis and calculation of the Household Risk Preparation in Iran during 2000-2021 was discussed. For this purpose, following Foa (2014), four main components of the said index, including the household's access to financial resources, social support, human capital, and the economic capacity of the government, were considered. According to the conditions of Iran and the available data, Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP) and the index of Strength of Legal Rights as components of household access to financial resources, the number of workers with wages and salaries and the amount of compensation payments to employees as components of social protection, average year Education and measles vaccination rate were considered as components of human capital, government debts and access to advanced health facilities as components of economic capacity of the government.The principal component analysis (PCA) method was used to weight the constituent components of the index. The results indicated that compensation payments to employees had the most weight and the number of workers with wages and salaries had the least weight in forming the index. Other variables affecting the index, in order of estimated weight, are Domestic credit to private sector, measles vaccination rate, the level of access to advanced health facilities, government debts, and the strength of legal rights. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
103 - Effect of Income Inequality on Consumption Expenditure Inequality in Iran, 1982-2007
M.H. Fotros R. MaaboudiOn the basis of macroeconomic consumption theories, consumption behavior as compared to income is more stable. Overtime income inequality that is, appeared as fluctuation and dispersion in income, would affect consumption expenditure. In this paper the extent of consump MoreOn the basis of macroeconomic consumption theories, consumption behavior as compared to income is more stable. Overtime income inequality that is, appeared as fluctuation and dispersion in income, would affect consumption expenditure. In this paper the extent of consumption expenditure inequality that are caused by income fluctuation and dispersion was analyzed. The inequalitiesof household consumption expenditure were analyzed for eight goods and services categories. Urban household budget panel data for the years of 1982 to 2007 were used and causal relationship between the variables analyzed. The results showed that not all of the fluctuation and dispersion in income were transferred to consumption expenditure. Therefore, consumption expenditure was less dispersed than income. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
104 - Evaluation of fluoride concentration at inlet and outlet household water treatment systems and bottled water distributive high consumption Ardabil city, Iran
Zahra Poorakbar Amir Hosein Mahvi Hadi Sadeghi Mehdi Vosoughi S.Ahmad Mokhtari Abdollah Dargahi -
Open Access Article
105 - Investigation prevalence of Ectoparasites in stray and household dogs in Shahrekord
seyed reza hosseini Milad Hamzehali TehraniBackground: Ectoparasites play a very important role in the transmission of many types of pathogenic agents such as viruses, bacteria, protozoa, etc., and for this reason, infestation with Ectoparasites can affect human and animal health. Objectives: Investigation prev MoreBackground: Ectoparasites play a very important role in the transmission of many types of pathogenic agents such as viruses, bacteria, protozoa, etc., and for this reason, infestation with Ectoparasites can affect human and animal health. Objectives: Investigation prevalence of Ectoparasites in stray and household dogs in Shahrekord. Methods: 460 dog collars from April to September 2022 in terms of infestation with Ectoparasites and to investigate the relationship between infestation with these parasites and various factors related to age (<1, 1-3, >3 years). Sex (male or female), season, breed (indigenous or pure breed), place of residence (indoor or outdoor), body hair type (long or short), body hair color (dark or light), itching, ringworm, and the pattern of infestation It was checked. Results: a total of 460 dog collars were studied, 99 collars (21.54%) were infected with 9 types of ectoparasites. 48 collars (10.43%) were infected with Ctenocephalides canis and Pulex irritans fleas. Rhipicephalus turanicus, Sarcoptes scabiei, hippobosca longipennis, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus isolated from 14 (3.04%), 10 (2.17%), 10 (2.17%) and 9 (1.95%) dog collars, respectively became Infestation with Wohlphartia magnifica, Demodex canis, Otodectes cynotis, Haemaphysalis erinacei , and linognathus setosus in 9 (1.95%), 9 (1.95%), 3 (0.65%), 2 (0.43%). And 1 (0.21%) dog collar was observed. Conclusions: The frequency of infestation was relatively low compared to similar studies, but a high species diversity was seen in the infestation parasites. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
106 - socioeconomic factors that influence social health of female headed households supported by Tehran welfare organization
Bagher Saroukhani Fatemeh Mahdipour AzarAbstract Among of Underprivileged strata of society in contemporary of our country, women are head of households. Female-headed households are women that should solely take the burdens of life of economic and welfare dimensions and in the same time also have particular MoreAbstract Among of Underprivileged strata of society in contemporary of our country, women are head of households. Female-headed households are women that should solely take the burdens of life of economic and welfare dimensions and in the same time also have particular attention to their children's social, educational, cultural and breeding issues. Current research performed with the aim of reviewing effective economic and social factors of social health of female-headed household under covering of the welfare organization of Tehran and also offers solutions in order to reduce and or solve them. Method of this research performed descriptive and correlation analysis by survey method.T he statistical society of this research was the entire female-headed households under cover of the welfare organization of Tehran over 5500 people. According to accomplished calculation gained in the Cochran formula, the sample size, number of 200 people. Sampling method in this research is by multi-stage cluster method and used two Questionnaires in order to collecting information. The statistical methods would be come to pass in this proposal proportional with used scales in measurement tool and proportional with considered hypotheses type. Some of them are Pearson Correlation Coefficient in order to measuring relation of variables, means comparison test for difference theory, Regression and analysis of direction path in order to determining direct and indirect relation of dependent and independent variables that all of the above methods will perform through spss software. Findings from the research is indicative of that factors such as age, type of ability and skills, satisfaction of received services from welfare organization with the possibility more than 99% with the social health of female-headed households are related. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
107 - socioeconomic factors that influence social health of female headed households supported by Tehran welfare organization
Sara Avarzabani َAli MalekpourAbstract Among of Underprivileged strata of society in contemporary of our country, women are head of households. Female-headed households are women that should solely take the burdens of life of economic and welfare dimensions and in the same time also have particular MoreAbstract Among of Underprivileged strata of society in contemporary of our country, women are head of households. Female-headed households are women that should solely take the burdens of life of economic and welfare dimensions and in the same time also have particular attention to their children's social, educational, cultural and breeding issues. Current research performed with the aim of reviewing effective economic and social factors of social health of female-headed household under covering of the welfare organization of Tehran and also offers solutions in order to reduce and or solve them. Method of this research performed descriptive and correlation analysis by survey method.T he statistical society of this research was the entire female-headed households under cover of the welfare organization of Tehran over 5500 people. According to accomplished calculation gained in the Cochran formula, the sample size, number of 200 people. Sampling method in this research is by multi-stage cluster method and used two Questionnaires in order to collecting information. The statistical methods would be come to pass in this proposal proportional with used scales in measurement tool and proportional with considered hypotheses type. Some of them are Pearson Correlation Coefficient in order to measuring relation of variables, means comparison test for difference theory, Regression and analysis of direction path in order to determining direct and indirect relation of dependent and independent variables that all of the above methods will perform through spss software. Findings from the research is indicative of that factors such as age, type of ability and skills, satisfaction of received services from welfare organization with the possibility more than 99% with the social health of female-headed households are related. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
108 - The relationship between entrepreneurship education and social capital of women headed by the welfare state of alborz province In 1396
Farideh Talebi Masoumeh ReshadThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between entrepreneurship education and social capital of female headed households under the well-being of Alborz province. The method of this research has been quasi-experimental. The statistical society in t MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between entrepreneurship education and social capital of female headed households under the well-being of Alborz province. The method of this research has been quasi-experimental. The statistical society in this research was selected from 1257 cases of rehabilitation of women headed by households under the welfare of Alborz province in 1395. 120 samples were selected randomly from the social capital of Nahapit and Goshall and entrepreneurship questionnaires from a t-test on spss software on subjects.Sub-goals based on -The recognition of the relationship between entrepreneurial education and the subsequent structural capital of social capital (expansion of the social network, increasing social relations). -The recognition of the relationship between post-graduate entrepreneurial education and social capital (increased cooperation, promotion of values). -The recognition of the relationship between entrepreneurship education and the social dimension of social capital (increasing mutual understanding, increasing trust, increasingcommitment). The results of this study, with regard to the level of significance achieved, can be said that entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on social capital among female headed households under well-being. According to the significance level achieved, which is 0.024 and less than 0.05 , Therefore, it can be said that entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on social capital among female headed households covered by well-being. The comparison of the average social capital before and after the training shows that the holding of these courses has increased the social capital of these people. Also, entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on the social dimension (structural, cognitive, and communicative) of women under the supervision of well-being households. The comparison of the mean (structural, cognitive, and communicational) dimension of social capital before and after the course shows that the subsequent courses (structural, cognitive, and communicative) have increased the social capital of these individuals Manuscript profile
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