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Open Access Article
1 - Identifying the consequences and preconditions of ranger farmers' participation in the implementation of rangeland plans in Guilan province
Mahnaz Mirakhorli Seyed Akbar Javadi Hossein ArzaniManagement The last decade of the twentieth century has come to an end while human society has been heavily involved in environmental problems and its dangers. One of the most important environmental challenges of the last two decades is the loss of the country's rangel MoreManagement The last decade of the twentieth century has come to an end while human society has been heavily involved in environmental problems and its dangers. One of the most important environmental challenges of the last two decades is the loss of the country's rangelands. Rangelands are important because they constitute an important part of renewable resources and still depend on the lives of a significant number of humans and animals. The statistical population of this study is rangeland owners in Guilan province. The total number of rangelands in Guilan province that have rangeland management plans is equal to 6 rangelands. The sample is equal to 5 rangeland owners. The data collection tool in this research is a questionnaire and to test the research hypotheses, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling with partial least squares approach have been used. The result of the research indicates the positive and significant effect of economic, social, psychological, attitudinal and educational factors on the participation of rangeland owners in the implementation of rangeland management projects. Also, the effect of ranchers 'participation in the implementation of rangeland management projects on rangeland health, increasing livestock production and farmers' satisfaction was positive and significant. Livestock and rangeland balance is one of the most important factors in the destruction of rangelands in Guilan, and until this issue is resolved, all efforts and measures to manage, improve and rehabilitate rangelands are useless or very ineffective. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Identification and Representation of Static and Dynamic Districts in the Geography of Elections in Guilan Province
Zahra Pishgahi Fard Roghayeh Sharifi ChabokiAfter the Islamic Revolution in Iran, during the years since 1979 to 2011, we haveobserved 8 terms of parliament elections in Iran. During these terms, political partiesand factions played an important and sensitive role in elections and assignation ofparliament members MoreAfter the Islamic Revolution in Iran, during the years since 1979 to 2011, we haveobserved 8 terms of parliament elections in Iran. During these terms, political partiesand factions played an important and sensitive role in elections and assignation ofparliament members.The main goal of this paper is to identify and discover dynamic and static districtsbased on factions and representatives in 8 terms of parliament election after theIslamic Revolution of Iran. The studied district in this research is Guilan Province thathas highly participated in political cooperation and elections in Iran during 8 terms ofparliament elections.This paper with analytical method and by using Geographical Information System(GIS) is attempting to answer the following questions that if there is dynamic andstatic districts for factions and representatives in Guilan Province? In case of existenceof static districts, political direction of the selective districts of Guilan Province istoward which party?The gained results in this research show that during 8 terms of elections of theIslamic Parliament in Guilan Province, some of elective districts of Guilan Provinceare dynamic and some other are static, and tendency of major of representatives andresidences of selective districts are toward right party. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The study and analizing rolestructure of agriculture rurals of khorgam of roodbar township
Teimour Amarstarting of economic in rurals shuld be known as the result of the making of agriealture in fact agriealture had and has a much role in tgeir economic tissue. Although rural societies don,t adjust this activities but the agricultural role in human settlement, syst Morestarting of economic in rurals shuld be known as the result of the making of agriealture in fact agriealture had and has a much role in tgeir economic tissue. Although rural societies don,t adjust this activities but the agricultural role in human settlement, system of economic production , patter of feeding and many ordinary aspect of population in rural cannot be denied.in this research that is a bout the importance of agricultural in economic system and is a bout the importance of agricultural in economic system and livelihood of rural society, one of the bourdary of rodbar township( guilan province) has been searched . collecting and processing of information has been used in the processof current research and the role of agriculture in the system of income and livelihood of the area of rurals has been evaluated and the necessary soulotion for removing the existing problem has presented. The result of this research show that there is a strong realationchip between the index of population of rural regions and the value of economic production of agricultural, meanwhile operation from the potential area could creat an expectation that in the economic operation of area, agriculture can have a better position than present Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - The Role Fundamental of Urban Planning and Environmental Regulation in Preventing Environmental Violation in Guilan Province
Maryam Bagheri amirhoseyn porjohariThe main purpose of this descriptive-survey study was to investigate the role of urban planning and environmental regulation in preventing environmental Violations. Statistical population of this research comprises all 256 managers, supervisors and experts of the 16 mun MoreThe main purpose of this descriptive-survey study was to investigate the role of urban planning and environmental regulation in preventing environmental Violations. Statistical population of this research comprises all 256 managers, supervisors and experts of the 16 municipalities in Guilan province. Bartlett et al. was used for determining sample size (120). Data were collected through a questionnaire. To obtain validity of questionnaire; content and face validity were used. As well, to obtain reliability of questionnaire Cronbach’s alpha was used (0.869). To accomplish analysis of data, SPSSV19 and LISREL8.80 software were used in descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of goodness of fit showed that Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation (RMSEA) was equal to 0.00, Level of significant was equal to 0.695 and also Chi Square/df ratio (X2/df) was equal to 0.958. Based on the standard coefficients, the educational factors (1.14), monitoring factors (1.87) and infrastructure factors (0.75), had a strong correlation with the role of urban management. The result also showed that monitoring factors had the strongest effect in the role of urban management and preventing environmental violation. Educational and infrastructure factors were at a later stage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Regional Development Strategy (RDS) as a solution for decentralization (case study: Rasht metropolis)
Seyyed Mehdi Sabbagh azita rajabiRasht city, as the only metropolis in Gilan province, has experienced unique conditions compared to its surrounding cities since the beginning of its formation, and has had an increasing tendency towards centralization. The formation of a one-way relationship and the di MoreRasht city, as the only metropolis in Gilan province, has experienced unique conditions compared to its surrounding cities since the beginning of its formation, and has had an increasing tendency towards centralization. The formation of a one-way relationship and the direction of most of the vital and functional flows of the cities of the province towards the city of Rasht has caused isolation and immobility for other residential areas of the province, which seems to increase the scope of the city's activities. Rasht will expand further. This research has examined the areas of centralization in the city of Rasht in three areas: administrative-political centralization, economic-service centralization, and population centralization, and while explaining the most important manifestations and examples of centralization in the above fields; In order to reduce centralism in Rasht city and direct the flows to other places and consequently balance the flow and mutual relations; It has used the new model of regional development strategy (RDS), the regional development strategy with its strategic, community-oriented and flexible thinking is very effective in establishing regional balances because in this model, efforts are made to He looked for benefits, capacities, actions and cooperation of all regions and organized it in the best possible way. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Modeling of Qaleh Rudkhan river sediment rate prediction, using LSTM neural network
Mahbobeh Shadabi bejand Ebrahim AmiriBackground and Objective: Proper estimation of the amount of sediment flowing in rivers is important as a data base for many river engineering designs and processes. Qaleh Rudkhan River is one of the most important water basins in the west of Gilan province. The most im MoreBackground and Objective: Proper estimation of the amount of sediment flowing in rivers is important as a data base for many river engineering designs and processes. Qaleh Rudkhan River is one of the most important water basins in the west of Gilan province. The most important branches of the basin are two branches named Gasht Rudkhan and Ghaleh Rudkhan. The river (Qaleh Rudkhan) is made up of two branches (Heydaralat) and (Nazaralat). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to model the prediction of sediment rate in Qaleh Rudkhan River using long short-term memory neural network (LSTM). Material and Methodology: In this research, the recorded Debi-sediment statistics related to the statistical period of 1381 to 1395 has been used. These statistics include daily instantaneous Debi in cubic meter per second and daily instantaneous sediment in ton per day, which are measured simultaneously. The data used to model the artificial neural network are Debi-sediment values the accuracy of the predictions was evaluated with three error criteria. Findings: The three criteria considered are AFE, FFE and n-AFE, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: Among these criteria, the FFE criterion showed that the correlation between the model output and the measured sediment data is appropriate. As a result, the LSTM model has the appropriate accuracy to predict the amount of sediment in the two rivers of Qala-e-Rudkhan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - A review of the status of invasive plant, Case Study: water hyacinth Distribution in Guilan Province
Sajede Madani Mokarram RavanbakhshDue to the increase in human activities, the destructive impact on the environment is not limited to a particular region of the world. Including the destructive impacts are entering non-native plant species around the world during the last 200′ years with the spre MoreDue to the increase in human activities, the destructive impact on the environment is not limited to a particular region of the world. Including the destructive impacts are entering non-native plant species around the world during the last 200′ years with the spread of agriculture, increase the exchange of goods, augmented human activities as well growth environmental destruction, it's increasing. One of the damages that, especially in recent years has been considered, is the arrival of non-native plant species (invasive) water hyacinth to the natural ecosystems. It was observed the first time in 1390 in Rasht Eynak lagoon, due to the high rate of growth and reproduction, these could in a short time, the, whole surface of the Eynak lagoon where the seen for the first time in the province's natural areas, cover up. Studies show, water hyacinth, has the ability to Attracting and purification heavy metals, but The presence of aberrant because of the severity ability to reproduce and adapt it, as an green Iron Glove can be throat of life-life species including fish and plants, directly and with disruption of the food chain for birds and other compact creatures killed them As a result of not dealing with non-native and invasive species in wetlands will lead to a slow death. In this paper, the distribution of the species Considered in province then Short-term and medium-term control measures are described. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - جداسازی عوامل قارچی بیماری زای زنبور عسل در استان گیلان
ابراهیم رحیم آبادی یداله اسدپور پیمان سایه بان -
Open Access Article
9 - مطالعات مکانیابی موزه منطقهای در استان گیلان
علی موحد علی شماعی نرگس احمدی فرد ابراهیم جهانگیر -
Open Access Article
10 - تحلیل رفتاری پذیرش طرح ایرانکد در صنایع تبدیلی و بستهبندی کشاورزی گیلان
احمد تقدیسی سیدجابر علویون راضیه رحیمی -
Open Access Article
11 - تحلیل جغرافیایی صنایع دستی در شهرستان املش و نقش آن در توسعه گردشگری
تیمور آمار علی صفاری راد -
Open Access Article
12 - ارزیابی وضعیت شاخصهای اجتماعی مسکن در نواحی روستایی استان گیلان
محمدرضا پورغفار مغفرتی عیسی پوررمضان -
Open Access Article
13 - Comparative anatomical study of leaf and petiole in three species of pear (Pyrus L.) in Guilan Province
Nasibeh Dehghan Siavash Hosseini Sarghein Rashid JameiObjectives: The aim of this study was comparing the anatomical characters of leaves and petioles of 3 species of pear (Pyrus boissieriana Buhse, Pyrus communis L, Pyrus hyrcana Fedor) in Guilan Province. Materials and Methods: In this study, for anatomical study of spec MoreObjectives: The aim of this study was comparing the anatomical characters of leaves and petioles of 3 species of pear (Pyrus boissieriana Buhse, Pyrus communis L, Pyrus hyrcana Fedor) in Guilan Province. Materials and Methods: In this study, for anatomical study of species, at first, plant samples were collected. Then the manual section was performed in the laboratory. Carmine staining was used in order to stain the samples. After staining, slides were prepared from the cross-sectional area. For observing the transverse sections of leaves and petiole, optical microscope equipped with a scaled lens was used. Then, the data obtained from anatomical characters were statistically analyzed. Results: Leaf and petiole thickness were different among three tested species. The highest midrib thickness belonged to p < /em>. communis (682±1.11μm). The lowest midrib thickness was observed in p < /em>. hyrcana (431.66±1.05μm). Anatomical characters are effective and important in species segregation. Therefore, anatomical characteristics in different plant species will be useful in terms of taxonomic classification. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Local names Aceraceae, Hamamelidaceae, Leguminosae, Fabales, Betulaceae, Ebenaceae, Fagaceae, Buxaceae, Juglandaceae trees in Iran
Ghassem Habibi Bibalani Prisa Mohamadpour Fatemeh Mosazadeh SayadMahalehObjectives: Social linguistics is a type of linguistic study that is known as a cultural subject that is closely related to the social relations of the community that speaks that language. The purpose of this study is to identify and record the different names used for MoreObjectives: Social linguistics is a type of linguistic study that is known as a cultural subject that is closely related to the social relations of the community that speaks that language. The purpose of this study is to identify and record the different names used for trees, shrubs and shrubs in different regions of Gilan, Mazandaran and Golestan provinces from Astara to Ramyan. These provinces also had local names registered. Materials and Methods: The present research has been done by field method and library study. Although all the researchers in this study are fully acquainted with the Gilaki language and dialect, however, to determine the exact Persian equivalent of words and tree-related entries in different local dialects, interview speakers of this language (especially people over 60 years of age Year) did. All the words and terms of this research are related to the most important words and terms related to the trees, shrubs and bushes of the families of the tribes of Aceraceae, Hamamelidaceae, Leguminosae, Fabales, Betulaceae, Ebenaceae, Fagaceae, Buxaceae, Juglandaceae in different regions of Gilan, Mazandaran and Golestan. Results: In this study, 102 local names for the trees of the genus Aceraceae (23 local names), Hamamelidaceae (2 local names), Leguminosae (14 local names), Fabales(18 local names), Betulaceae (9 local names), Fagaceae (20 Local names), Buxaceae (6 local names) and Juglandaceae (10 local names) in Iran, which are mainly the names used in the three provinces of Gilan, Mazandaran and Golestan in different dialects, were recorded. Based on the results of this research, Acer laetum with local names of Bezberg (in Gorgan), Mirzaberg (in Ramyan), Pellet (in Gilan), Milky (in Noor, Kojoor and Mazandaran) and Zbandar (in Bandar-e-Gaz); Acer opulifolium with the local names of Cerco (in Ramyan) and Sefid Cerco (in Katul); Acer platanoides with the local letters Kirk (in pilgrimage) and Kakum (in its length); Alnus glotinosa with the local names of Siatuse (in Lahijan), Tosa (in Rudsar), Tose (in Rasht), Alder (in Gorgan and Mazandaran) and Yellow (in Astara and Tavalesh) are called. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Local names Oleaceae, Rosaceae, Salicaceae, Tiliaceae, Ulmaceae trees in Iran
Ghassem Habibi Bibalani Fatemeh Mosazadeh SayadMahalehBackground: One of the types of social studies is the study of the indigenous languages of a region, which is a direct relationship with the relations of the members of a community who were in contact with each other in different eras. Since trees and shrubs have played MoreBackground: One of the types of social studies is the study of the indigenous languages of a region, which is a direct relationship with the relations of the members of a community who were in contact with each other in different eras. Since trees and shrubs have played an important role in the daily life of human societies, so has the need to use specific names for them in societies.Methods: In this study, we tried to survey different areas of Gilan, Mazandaran and Golestan provinces and conduct interviews also to study the authoritative sources of local names of trees and shrubs in the Oleaceae, Rosaceae, Salicaceae, Tiliaceae, Ulmaceae trees.Results: In this study, 106 local names for the trees of the genus Oleaceae (10 local names), Rosaceae (43 local names), Salicaceae (25 local names), Tiliaceae (6 local names) and Ulmaceae (22 local names) in Iran, which are mainly the names used in the three provinces of Gilan, Mazandaran and Golestan in different dialects, were recorded.Conclusion: Since in many of these areas the local language is fading for various reasons, the collection and registration of these local tree names is very importance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - ...Evaluation of architectural student’s Aesthetic education in universities (Case Study: Universities of Guilan)
mohadese seyhani hossein Safari Amirreza karimiazeri Seyedeh Mamak SalavatianThe aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of aesthetic education of architecture students in Guilan's universities and explain its importance in shaping the aesthetic tendencies and tastes of students in the academic year of 2019-20. Due to its nature, the presen MoreThe aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of aesthetic education of architecture students in Guilan's universities and explain its importance in shaping the aesthetic tendencies and tastes of students in the academic year of 2019-20. Due to its nature, the present research method is descriptive-analytical and in the scope of evaluation studies. In order to collect data, two types of questionnaires based on the model extracted from the qualitative part of the research, in the Likert scale and the visual questionnaire were used. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed by content validity method. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and to calculate it the 21.0 version of SPSS was used in two stages; which were 0.89 and 0.92 respectively. The results showed that, students in both levels of education have a higher level of aesthetic knowledge compared to aesthetic wisdom and competence in universities. Such a way that in the undergraduate course, the scores obtained in the field of knowledge were 3.39, in the field of wisdom were 3.12 and in the field of competence were 2.86. In the master's degree, the scores obtained in the mentioned fields were 3.57, 3.18 and 2.98, respectively. This was reflected in the significant tendency of their aesthetic manner to formal beauty. In other words, based on results, the one-sided tendency of the educational process towards the foundation of education in this field has led to the training of one-dimensional architects in an aesthetic perspective Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Study on geographcial disitribution and abundance of plant feeding mites on green parts and soil surface of tea plants gardens in eastern parts of Gilan province of Iran
M. Arbabi N. Nejadghanbar R. Vafaei ShoushtariDiversity and abundance of plant feeding mites on green parts and soil of tea plant gardens were investigated in 15 localities during period of 2008-2009 in Eastern part of Gilan Provinces of Iran. Mites were collected from tea leaves and stems by shaking on white tray MoreDiversity and abundance of plant feeding mites on green parts and soil of tea plant gardens were investigated in 15 localities during period of 2008-2009 in Eastern part of Gilan Provinces of Iran. Mites were collected from tea leaves and stems by shaking on white tray and from depth of 5 centimeters of soil with in Tullgren apparatus individually for each localities. 36 species from 33 genera and 31 families included in four suborders, Astigmata, Cryptostigmata, Prostigmata and Mesostigmata were identified. Higher and lower abundance of injurious mite were recorded for Brevipalpus obovatus and Tyrophagus putrescentiae, Tuckerella hypoterra, Tetranychus urticae respectively whereas, maximum predacious mites were recorded in Bdellidae, Phytoseiidae and 15 Oribatidae species of Two oribatid mites species, Pergalumna sp, Eupelops sp. with highest densities and Metabelba sp, along with two unidentified oribatid mites belong to Phthiracaridae and Euphthiracaridae families recorded with number of mite specimens in surveyed localities. Oribatid mite constituted 41% of mite species diversities with total 59% of mite collections. Four oribatid mite families picked up from leaves and stem of tea plants only. Out of mite collected, 81% are new record for mite fauna of tea garden in Iran. Mite identification are as follows: Acaridae(Tyrophagus putrescentiae), Ameroseiidae (Ameroseius sp.), Digamasellidae (Dendrolaelaps sp.), Ologamasidae )Gamaseiphis sp.) Pachylaelapidae (Pachyseius sp.), Parasitidae (Vulgrogamasussp.), Phytoseiidae)Amblyseius largoensis, Iphiseius sp., Typhlodromips caspiansis) Achipteriidae (Parachipteria sp.) Cepheidae (Conoppia sp.) Camisiidae) Camisia sp.), Nothridae (not identified) Ceratozetidae (Trichoribates sp.), Humerobatidae (Humerobates sp.), Damaeidae (Metabelba sp.), Galumnidae (Pergalumna sp.), Liacaridae (Liacarus sp.), Oribatulidae (not identified), Scheloribatidae (Scheloribates sp.), Oppiidae (Oppia sp.), Phenopelopidae (Eupelops sp.), Phthiracaridae and Euphthiracaridae (not identified), Anystidae (Chaussieria warrengense, Chaussieria sp.), Bdellidae (Bdella sp., Cyta sp.), Camerobidiidae (Tycherobius sp.), Erythraeidae (Leptus sp.), Eupodidae (Cocceupodes sp.), Tenuipalpidae (Brevipalpus obovatus), Tetranychidae (Tetranychus urticae), Microtrombidiidae (Microtrombidinae), Trombidiidae (Dinothrombium sp.), Tuckerellidae (Tuckerella hypoterra). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Faunistic studies on the fruit flies of the family Tephritidae in Gilan province
Mohammad Sedighi Sadr Saeed Mohammadzade NaminWith about 4500 species, the Tephritidae is one of the most important families of acalyptrate Diptera. Most species are phytophagous and cause economical damage to agricultural crops and some of them effectively used in biological control programs against weeds. During MoreWith about 4500 species, the Tephritidae is one of the most important families of acalyptrate Diptera. Most species are phytophagous and cause economical damage to agricultural crops and some of them effectively used in biological control programs against weeds. During studies on tephritid flies fauna in Gilan Province (Iran) in 2013–2015, 19 species of 11 genera are found to occur in this region. 17 species are recorded for the first time from Gilan province. The list of 25 species of fruit flies that occur in Gilan province is provided. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Local Name of some trees in Gilan province
Ghassem Habibi Bibalani Parisa Mohamadpour Fatemeh Mosazaded SayadMahalehOne of the most important things in rural tourism and nature tourism and recreation in forested areas with tree cover knows local names trees as part of social linguistic data. Social linguistics is a type of linguistic study that is recognized as a cultural subject tha MoreOne of the most important things in rural tourism and nature tourism and recreation in forested areas with tree cover knows local names trees as part of social linguistic data. Social linguistics is a type of linguistic study that is recognized as a cultural subject that is closely related to the social relations of the community that speaks that language. One of the things that play an important role in local dialects is the names of trees and shrubs. The Gilan Province (Chabouksat City to Astara City) have different subcultures, as well as different dialects, but have a common origin. In this study, it was tried to visit different areas of these province and conduct interviews and also to study the authoritative sources of local names of trees and shrubs. In this study, about 90 local names for the trees in Gilan Province, which are mainly the names used in this provinces in different dialects, were recorded. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Identification and Classification of Obstacles to Approved Research and Development Activities in Public
Mohammad Taleghani Mehran Mehdi ZadehEffort in the development of research and innovation in public organizations and research centers in the country and thus turning an idea into a product or service has led to strategic decisions based on the facts and solve administrative and executive problems and ulti MoreEffort in the development of research and innovation in public organizations and research centers in the country and thus turning an idea into a product or service has led to strategic decisions based on the facts and solve administrative and executive problems and ultimately will provide all-round development of the country; in the fifth development programs of Islamic Republic of Iran's is emphasized to streamline research and development system for converting ideas into products or services and using the results of research activities by organizations; however, many obstacles facing research activities and practical achievements in most executive devices there. The aim of this study were considered to identify and classify these barriers; in order to achieve this goal, in addition to library studies, where the challenges facing research activities and the use of achievements were identified through internal and external review of the literature; field studies as well as took through brainstorming sessions and questionnaires distributed among officials and experts in executive agencies in Gilan Province. Analysis and description results of library and field studies was that the 101 barrier identified in 7 main category obstacles of personality-individual, scientific and technical, managerial, organizational, inter-organizational, extra organizational and inter-agency arising from the quality of research and its results has classified. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Identifying Productivity Barriers for Public Organizations in Iran
AliAkbar Qahremani Leila Taghvaee The main purpose is the identifying productivity barriers of governmental organizations in Iran. In this regard, after studying the literature and theoretical foundations of research, a number of important barriers to productivity governmental More The main purpose is the identifying productivity barriers of governmental organizations in Iran. In this regard, after studying the literature and theoretical foundations of research, a number of important barriers to productivity governmental organizations selected for review and the impact on the productivity of governmental organizations examined to productivity barriers ranking Iranian governmental organizations, a questionnaire of 19 questions, was designed. In order to ensure the validity of the questionnaire to compose the questionnaire of a number of the university and organization’s experts were consulted. Cronbach's alpha was used to measure the reliability of a value that 0/93 is obtained. The questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 50 people. Obtained data (FVIKOR) and were analyzed using EXCEL software and the effects of barriers to efficiency the Iranian government, were identified. The results showed that "governing priorities for the status quo," first rank "incomplete research and development," the last place has an important loss in productivity organizations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Survay the Coliform pollution in the Shafarood river of Guilan Province
S. Khatib haghighi A. Ghane M. Nahrvar In this survey, in order to study the Coliform pollution of Shafarud River, two layers from surface and sediment were sampled in five stations. Sampling was done seasonally during a year. The pollution b More In this survey, in order to study the Coliform pollution of Shafarud River, two layers from surface and sediment were sampled in five stations. Sampling was done seasonally during a year. The pollution by standard diagnosis of Coliform was completely examined. The most pollution was found in sediment layer of delta area. Besides, the highest Coliform count was seen during summer amounting to (44.2) Coliform in 100 cm3 and Fecal Coliform (22.1) in 100 cm3 river water. In summer, due to the high temperature, growth of bacteria is more than ever and in the delta area, because of calm flowing of water and it is passing through the city and agricultural centers, and entering garbage into it, the amount of pollution has been apparently reached a high level in comparison with other parts of the rivers with rapid flowing of water. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - A case-report of Chalcalburnus chalcoides parasitic infections to ligula intestinalis in saungar- Dam of Gilan province
یعقوب Garedaghi محمد Mohammadi hefz abadGypsy King Fish (Chalcalburnus chalcoides) is from the carp family and found largely in the country's water resources. Ligula intestinalis is one of the parasites of this fish. Ligula intestinalis has two intermediated hosts. Cyclops is first intermediate hosts and fish MoreGypsy King Fish (Chalcalburnus chalcoides) is from the carp family and found largely in the country's water resources. Ligula intestinalis is one of the parasites of this fish. Ligula intestinalis has two intermediated hosts. Cyclops is first intermediate hosts and fish are the second intermediate hosts. Plerocercoid larva can be found in the abdominal cavity of fish. This study was designed to investigate the causes of fish mortality trench Gilan province saungar- Dam in September 2012 was conducted. Were randomly sampled and a total of 65 fish species caught, identified and determined by age and parasitology were performed on them. The results showed that the infection rate 83/08 and 54 fish of 65 fish digit number were infected. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Factors Affecting Performance Enhancement of Commerce and Civil Service Company Managers in Gillan Province
Hussein Aghayei pour Fetrati seyad mahmoud hashemiThe present quantitative correlational applied study was undertaken to explore factors affecting the performance enhancement of managers at commerce and civil service companies in Gillan province. The research population comprised 2000 managers and employees at commerce MoreThe present quantitative correlational applied study was undertaken to explore factors affecting the performance enhancement of managers at commerce and civil service companies in Gillan province. The research population comprised 2000 managers and employees at commerce and civil service companies in Gillan, Iran from whom a stratified sample of 384 was selected based on Morgan Table. A researcher-made questionnaire developed based on the research conceptual model, the research questions and hypotheses was administered to the research sample. The gleaned research data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially through linear and multiple regressions. The results demonstrated that Organizational Trust, Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Organizational Equity had significant impacts on the participating managers’ performance enhancement. Moreover, Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Organizational Trust, with respective coefficients of (.591) and (.368), were found to have the greatest and the smallest impacts on the managers’ performance enhancement in Gillan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Cultural economy analysis in the space of Gilan province
farhad barandak Lili Mohamadi AslCulture is an important pillar of the society that through ensuring effectiveness in economic sense brings about effective developments in the society The purpose of present study is to compare the relative efficiency of Counties of Gilan and identify the efficient Coun MoreCulture is an important pillar of the society that through ensuring effectiveness in economic sense brings about effective developments in the society The purpose of present study is to compare the relative efficiency of Counties of Gilan and identify the efficient Counties, in terms Cultural development and productivity. Applied-analytical method was used and statistical population includes Counties of Gilan. Data Envelopment Analysis model is used to determine the efficiency ratio of DMUs and to distinguish efficient and inefficient DMUs. For the units that are identified as efficient by CCR-I model, Anderson–Pearson (AP) was used. For analyzing data, LINGO and DEAP software was used. Findings showed that 8 Counties (in CCR-I) and 11 Counties (in BCC-I) have been efficient. Final ranking is as follows (in efficient Counties in the CCR-I): Rasht> Lahijan> Astara> Amlash> Talesh> Rezvanshahr> Roodbar> Bandar-e Anzali Finally, virtual DMUs were introduced as a pattern for inefficient DMUs. Inefficient DMUs will achieve efficiency if they can be promoted to achieve the conditions of their similar virtual DMUs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Preparation of fire potential map using geographical information system in the forests of northern Iran
Morteza Madani pour kermanshahi Seyed Armin Hashemi Amin KhademiFires and deforestation have been a crisis in recent years. Every year, fires threaten forest areas in our country, especially in the northern forests, and reduce its quantity and quality. In this study, first a digital elevation model was developed, then elevation, slo MoreFires and deforestation have been a crisis in recent years. Every year, fires threaten forest areas in our country, especially in the northern forests, and reduce its quantity and quality. In this study, first a digital elevation model was developed, then elevation, slope maps, geographical directions, and elevation. Maps of vegetation type and density of the region and maps of roads, residential areas and agricultural lands of the region were also prepared using fuzzy membership functions, evaluation of criteria, study area in each layer at a distance between 0 to 1 value. The results of using the dong model with fuzzy method in zoning of fire risk potential showed that in fuzzy weighting method, hazard zones are very low, low, medium, high, very high with an area of 6840.42 6605.84, 12044/46, 15922.87, 7416.89 hectares, according to the prepared map, about 40% of the area is in high risk classes and threatens fire in the area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - تحلیل همدیدی – آماری برفهای سنگین استان گیلان
آرش شادپور حسن لشکری رضا برنابارش برف با وجود این که یک پدیده جوی همانند سایر نزولات جوی است؛ ولی به دلیل ماهیت فیزیکی دارای آثار و تبعات خاص خود میباشد. با همه مزیتهای برف برای اقلیم کشور خشک و نیمه خشکی چون ایران محدودیتهای خاص خود را نیز دارد. در این پژوهش در مرحله اول به شرایط همدیدی منجر به Moreبارش برف با وجود این که یک پدیده جوی همانند سایر نزولات جوی است؛ ولی به دلیل ماهیت فیزیکی دارای آثار و تبعات خاص خود میباشد. با همه مزیتهای برف برای اقلیم کشور خشک و نیمه خشکی چون ایران محدودیتهای خاص خود را نیز دارد. در این پژوهش در مرحله اول به شرایط همدیدی منجر به ایجاد برف توجه شده است. در این پژوهش ابتدا دادههای روزانه بارش برف استان گیلان در یک دوره آماری 30 ساله (1986-2016) از سایت هواشناسی کشور دریافت شد. در مرحله بعد با روش صدک ها برفهای سنگین انتخاب گردید و سپس با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی الگوی همدیدی غالب انتخاب شد. نتایج نشان داد که در این الگو در ترازهای میانی وردسپهر ناوه عمیقی با راستای شمال شرقی – جنوب غربی بر روی شمال غرب ایران تا شمال سودان و مصر شکل میگیرد. منبع رطوبتی سامانههای برف سنگین در لایه زیرین دریای مازندران و در ترازهای 850 تا 500 هکتوپاسکال رطوبت فرارفت شده از دریاهای گرم جنوبی میباشد. علت ماندگاری این سامانه نیز وجود یک پشته خمیده در ترازهای 700 و 500 هکتوپاسکال بر روی اروپای شرقی و دریای سیاه است که از روی پرفشار آزور امتدادیافته است. درنتیجه شرایط ایجادکننده این الگوی بارشی برف سنگین الگویی بزرگمقیاس و منطقهای است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - A comparative study of walking capability’s level in the of urban neighborhoods.(A case study: criteriaof old and new neighborhoods in the city of Rasht)
ali saffarirad majid shamsAbstract Walking and enhancing walkability in the neighborhood areas may lead to increase security and social relations, accesses, neighborhood identity, the sense of community, neighborhood quality and to reduce environmental quality such as noise and air pollution.Thi MoreAbstract Walking and enhancing walkability in the neighborhood areas may lead to increase security and social relations, accesses, neighborhood identity, the sense of community, neighborhood quality and to reduce environmental quality such as noise and air pollution.This study was to answer the question thathow the walking capability is in the city of Rasht in Guilan. In terms of practical goal, descriptive_ analytical essence, and data collection the current study is on the basis of library research and field work.For this purpose, first walking capability indicators of old and new communities were investigated. Each was compared by standard rules then optimal strategies to improve the walkability of aforementioned areas were presented. Residents of 5 new and 5 old neighborhoods that have a population of 124382 thousands were selected as a statistical society. By using Cochran formula a sample of 366 residents out of population were reselected. In this regard, because of the proximity of the number of new (61722 people) and old communities (62660 people), 183 questionnaires in new and 183 questionnaire in old neighborhoods were completed. In order to understand the gap between studied indices of residents of new and old neighborhoods, due to the nature of interval data, an independent T-Test was used. T-Test results determine that in many of the components between the two communities (respondents) there is a significant difference. In general it can be claimed that according to the field studies, as well as respondents new neighborhood in most cases than the old ones have better conditions in terms of walking capability. Keywords: Walking capability,urban neighborhoods, standard rules, Guilan province, Rasht city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - Regional Development Strategy, a Solution to Decentralization (Sample: City of Rasht)
Majid Yasoori Maryam SojoodiRasht county, has been experiencing unique circumstances compared to its surrounding cities and have had a growing tendency to centralization, since the beginning of its formation. Formation of one-sided relationship and orientation of most of the vital and functional m MoreRasht county, has been experiencing unique circumstances compared to its surrounding cities and have had a growing tendency to centralization, since the beginning of its formation. Formation of one-sided relationship and orientation of most of the vital and functional movements of the cities of the province toward the city of Rasht have led to seclusion and inactivity in other settlement points of the province. It seems that with the expansion of activities in the city of Rasht, this problem will be expanded. This study investigates the fields of centralization in the city of Rasht in three areas: administrative-political centralization, economic-service centralization, and centralization of the population. During explaining the most important symbols and instances of centralizations in mentioned areas, to reduce the centralization in the city of Rasht, orient the movements to the other points and consequently balance the movements and interactions, we use the new model Regional Development Strategy (RDS). Regional development strategy with its strategic, community-based and flexible thinking is very effective in the establishment of regional balance since this model attempts to exploit the capabilities, capacities, actions and cooperation of all the regions and organize them as well as possible. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Analysis the Urban Hierarchy of Gilan Province between 1986- 2011- Based on: Rank-Size, logarithmic Models, the Lorenz Curve and the Gini Coefficient
Abas MalekHoseini Ali Saffari Raad Ahmad Ghasemi Robabeh Rajabi Amir Abad -
Open Access Article
31 - Investigating the Relationship between Telecommunication Patterns and Climate of Tourism Comfort in Guilan Province by UTCI Method
Amir Gandomkar Saeideh Moradmand Ahmad Khademolhosseini Alireza AbbasiOne of the most important climatic elements that is influenced by Teleconnection patterns is temperature and precipitation, both of which are the most influential factors in the study of tourism comfort climate. The purpose of this study is to investigate the climate of MoreOne of the most important climatic elements that is influenced by Teleconnection patterns is temperature and precipitation, both of which are the most influential factors in the study of tourism comfort climate. The purpose of this study is to investigate the climate of tourism comfort in Gilan province in the interval (1980-2016) using the UTCI model and also to investigate the relationship between tourism comfort climate of Gilan province with Teleconnection patterns. The climate comfort of Gilan province is one of the atmospheric signals. Investigating this relationship can help the necessary planning for tourism development in this province and proper location. Using the Mann-Kendall trend test, the results show that in the last 37 years, the value of the UTCI index has decreased in July and the extreme heat stress in this month has decreased; But in other months of the year, no specific trend was seen for this index. Also, the correlation between the indicators of tourism comfort climate in the province with Teleconnection patterns through Pearson correlation coefficient showed that out of 22 models studied, 9 models including TNA, NTA, SOLAR FLUX, NCP, SOI, NAO, MOON SOON, AMM, AMO are directly or inversely related to UTCI in different months of the year and at 95% and 99% significance levels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Designing a Pattern of Conflict Dimensions between Tourists and Residents Using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM)
Nahid Alizadeh Ali Gholipour Soleimani Ebrahim Chirani Narges DelafroozThe purpose of this research is to design a model of conflict dimensions from the point of view of tourists entering Gilan province and local natives. This research is descriptive and exploratory based on the nature and method of data collection. The statistical populat MoreThe purpose of this research is to design a model of conflict dimensions from the point of view of tourists entering Gilan province and local natives. This research is descriptive and exploratory based on the nature and method of data collection. The statistical population of this research is tourists and residents, and the participation of university experts and cultural heritage and tourism experts with a number of 18 people is also included. The data of the qualitative part was collected using the approach based on classical grounded theory and using semi-structured interviews through purposeful snowball sampling. In the quantitative part, the relationship and significance of the categories were determined with the interpretive structural modeling approach. Based on the obtained results, inflation in the real estate sector, disruption in the transportation system, and cultural differences are the cornerstones of the pattern of tourism conflict dimensions and have a high effect on it. This model can be used to investigate the tourism conflict phenomenon according to the views of different stakeholders, as a reference for tourism development and guidance for managing tourism operations. Also, the problems and shortcomings of tourism development in Gilan province can be changed by increasing or decreasing each of the variables and using the results as a basis for tourism development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - Designing an explanatory model of tourism ethics using grounded theory
Ardalan Sadeghhasani Narges Delafrooz Ali Gholipour Soleimani Kambiz ShahroodiModern tourism has added to social anomalies by violating ethical practices and has caused many ethical problems to human societies. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to design an explanatory model of tourism ethics in Gilan province, as one of the most visited MoreModern tourism has added to social anomalies by violating ethical practices and has caused many ethical problems to human societies. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to design an explanatory model of tourism ethics in Gilan province, as one of the most visited tourist destinations in the country, using qualitative research methods and systematic grounded theory. According to the research objectives, the population of participants includes university professors, officials, experts and policy makers of the tourism industry who have at least a master's degree and 5 years of executive work experience in various sectors of the tourism industry. The selection of these samples was done using purposive sampling method and semi-structured interviews with 7 general questions were continued until the realization of saturation in interview 12. Data analysis in three stages of open, axial and selective coding led to the extraction of 71 concepts, 19 sub-categories and finally 6 main categories from the integration and classification of concepts. Based on the proposed model, tourist's ethical behavior as a core category; social responsibility of the tourism destination as a causal condition; the values of the host society as context conditions; business ethics as interferer condition; tourism management and policies are considered as a strategy, and finally, ethical tourism is considered as a result of the implementation of strategies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - مطالعات مکانیابی موزه منطقهای در استان گیلان
علی موحد علی شماعی نرگس احمدی فرد ابراهیم جهانگیر -
Open Access Article
35 - تحلیل رفتاری پذیرش طرح ایرانکد در صنایع تبدیلی و بستهبندی کشاورزی گیلان
احمد تقدیسی سیدجابر علویون راضیه رحیمی -
Open Access Article
36 - تحلیل جغرافیایی صنایع دستی در شهرستان املش و نقش آن در توسعه گردشگری
تیمور آمار علی صفاری راد -
Open Access Article
37 - ارزیابی وضعیت شاخصهای اجتماعی مسکن در نواحی روستایی استان گیلان
محمدرضا پورغفار مغفرتی عیسی پوررمضان -
Open Access Article
38 - برنامه ریزی استراتژیک برای توسعه گردشگری حلال در استان گیلان
مریم کمال زاده گیلانی سید محمود شبگو منصفاین مقاله موقعیت گردشگری حلال در استان گیلان را، با ارزیابی نقاط قوت، ضعف، فرصت و تهدید بررسی نموده و در نهایت راهکارهای استراتژیک برای توسعه این بازار در استان را معرفی می نماید. هدف پژوهش حاضر کاربردی و روش گردآوری داده های آن میدانی و مبتنی بر پرسشنامه محقق ساخت Moreاین مقاله موقعیت گردشگری حلال در استان گیلان را، با ارزیابی نقاط قوت، ضعف، فرصت و تهدید بررسی نموده و در نهایت راهکارهای استراتژیک برای توسعه این بازار در استان را معرفی می نماید. هدف پژوهش حاضر کاربردی و روش گردآوری داده های آن میدانی و مبتنی بر پرسشنامه محقق ساخته می باشد. پاسخ دهندگان 24 نفر از اساتید خبره و کارشناس در امور گردشگری بوده که با روش نمونه گیری غیراحتمالی در دسترس و با استفاه از جدول مورگان به عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب گردیدند. برای شناسائی روابط و تعیین اولویت معیارهای تحقیق حاضر، ابتدا عوامل داخلی و خارجی شناسائی و سپس از مدلهای تصمیمگیری چندمعیاره و مدل AHP استفاده شد. پس از آن با ایجاد ماتریس ارزیابی عوامل داخلی (IFE) و خارجی (EFE) اوزان نهائی تعیین و در پایان مدل طراحی و نقاط قوت، ضعف و فرصت، تهدید آن (SWOT)، تحلیل گردید. نتایج تحلیل حاصل از تحقیق با توجه به نقاط قوت و فرصت های محیطی شناسایی شده و براساس تنوع جاذبه های گردشگری و موقعیت جغرافیایی استان گیلان، گویای این است که توانمندی های لازم برای توسعه گردشگری حلال موجود است و برنامه ریزی استراتژیک با استفاده از استراتژی تهاجمی، برای جلب گردشگران و استفاده از این بازار امکانپذیر است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - تبیین مدل بومی عوامل مؤثّر بر فرهنگ تعاونی (موردکاوی: بخش کشاورزی استان گیلان)
محمد طالقانی جعفر عزیزی -
Open Access Article
40 - On the Analysis of Urban Hierarchy and Balancing the Spatial Distribution of Urban Centers Population in Guilan Province
E. Pourramzan E. Darvish-RahimabadiUrban hierarchy in terms of quantity is the best form of organizing space. Because it makes the distribution of activities and services at the community level, balancing classification, performance and appearance of different ways of life in the various geographical are MoreUrban hierarchy in terms of quantity is the best form of organizing space. Because it makes the distribution of activities and services at the community level, balancing classification, performance and appearance of different ways of life in the various geographical areas .Population distribution system is not balanced in the province and do not get a proper image form of accommodation and population settlement and cities .It was determined by studying the urban hierarchy of Gilan province during the years 1355 to 1395 .It was determined by studying the urban hierarchy Gilan during the years 1355 to 1395 the city of Rasht as the capital of Gilan and the metropolis area with a 42.41 percent of the urban population in 1395 in the "First City" demonstrated their dominant role and now all factors: geographical, social, economic, political, cultural and ...is in the interest of the city and to the detriment of small living centers. Meanwhile, concentration of the population led social and cultural difficulties such as housing problems, expensive land, rent, traffic congestion, failures in service and finally, a wide range of environmental contamination. This city in terms of having appropriate areas of political, economic and cultural, various migrants from surrounding areas has attracted and has been away urban hierarchy of Rank – Size law; So that in 1355 the city of Rasht was 3.41 equal the second largest city (Anzali).In 1390 the population of city of Rasht is 5.48 equal the second population (Anzali).To determine the population dynamics and rank cities in recent years, and its effects on the unbalanced development of urban centers, centralization and domination of one city in the provincial urban it is necessary to take measures in order to spatial organization of urban centers and a balanced distribution of geographical Society according to the possibilities and the limitations and comparative advantages of each region and with respect to land use planning policies and modify spatial development of urban centers. The most important approaches of this research is centralization Of city and Rasht area and attention to small and medium cities Province Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Explaning the Development of Geotorism and the Creation of Geopark with an emphasis on Sustainable Torism Indices in the Dorfak and Deylaman Area of Guilan Province
Tahere Sabouri Mohamadreza Servati Jamshid Jedari EyvaziGeotourism is one of the new concepts in geography and tourism literature that emphasizes the determination of special tourist sites from the point of view of geology and geomorphology. The focus of studies in this scientific branch is to determine the special tourist s MoreGeotourism is one of the new concepts in geography and tourism literature that emphasizes the determination of special tourist sites from the point of view of geology and geomorphology. The focus of studies in this scientific branch is to determine the special tourist sites and to combine them with cultural, historical and ecological resources in order to achieve sustainable tourism development. In the meantime, the geospatial creation of the geoparks by the UNESCO Organization for the protection of Geological Heritage was presented with its special scientific management plans. Therefore, it can be argued that a sustainable and systematic development approach is one of the essential requirements for the effective management of the present era for the development of tourism industry globally. In this regard, the main objective of the study was to investigate the effect of the development of geotourism and the creation of geopark on sustainable tourism indicators. The research method was correlation and sampling method in this study was a holistic judgment sampling method and the sample size included 66 senior experts from the Office of the Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism in Guilan province. After collecting data with standard questionnaires, structural equation modeling technique with partial least squares approach was used to evaluate the relationships between variables and in general, all data analysis was performed using SPSS and PLS softwares. The results of the research hypotheses indicate the impact of geotourism and geopark on sustainable tourism indices in different dimensions (economic, social, cultural, political, technological, and ecological). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - Evaluation of Rural Women’s role in Sustainable Development of Agriculture with Emphasis on Affectivity of Educational-Promotional Activities in Promoting Healthy Product Production in Gilan Province (Case Study: Rural areas of Langerrod and Roodsar Townships)
Parisa Mohammad PoorRural women have always had a very important and fundamental role in rural societies’ and the agricultural sector of Gilan province’s development. But these efforts have not been reflected separate from men’s jobs and their role has not been observed w MoreRural women have always had a very important and fundamental role in rural societies’ and the agricultural sector of Gilan province’s development. But these efforts have not been reflected separate from men’s jobs and their role has not been observed with adequate seriousness. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate rural women’s role in sustainable development of agriculture with emphasis on effectivity of educational-promotional activities in promoting healthy product production in Gilan province. That this study is applicable from the manner of purpose and is based on the descriptive-survey method. The required information in this research has been collected through questionnaire and library method and the people under study are the rural women of Langerood and Roodsar Townships. The statistical sample volume using the Cochrane formula has been determined as 193 individuals and the rate for Cronbach’s alpha for all of the questionnaire was equal to 0.89. The results of this study showed that amongst the educational-promotional programs designated for women and annual income from production of rice and their role in promoting the health production of products in villages is equal to 99% which indicates the very high meaningful relation of the foretold. Also the results from regression analysis indicated the matter that only the educational-promotional visits have entered in the analysis and singly could explain 26 percent of dependent variable of rate of women’s acknowledgment from vegetation pesticides’ disadvantages and chemical fertilizers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Analysis of Relationship between Rural Participation and Poverty (Case Study: Villages of Saravan District, Rasht County)
Majid Yasouri Seyedeh Fatemeh EmamiThe aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between rural partnership and poverty situation (in different social, economic and political aspects) in the rural district of Saravan, located in city of Rasht in Gilan province. Predictor variables in this sturd MoreThe aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between rural partnership and poverty situation (in different social, economic and political aspects) in the rural district of Saravan, located in city of Rasht in Gilan province. Predictor variables in this sturdy include partnership (in different social, political and physical service aspects), attitude towards partnership, the approach to partnership and criterion variable includes poverty in political aspects. The type of research is applied-developmental and the study method is documentary, analytical and survey.In order to complete the information, a questionnaire is used. In analytical method, each desired component is introduced according to the proposed theory. Accordingly, each component with multi-reagents identify the degree of partnership and its role in rural development; then, components of poverty in political, economic and social aspects and the relationship between these two variables of partnership and poverty is investigated using multiple regression model in SPSS software. The statistical population of the study is all rural households in Saravan. 370 samples were chosen using Morgan table. The results indicate that the issue of poverty in different dimensions and levels of partnership are related.It means that each unit increase in partnership, 0/728 units reduce in political dimensions of poverty, respectively. In other words, by increasing each of the partnership indexes, the partnership approach and attitude towards partnership in social, political and economic dimensions of poverty reduce too. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Evaluating Ecological Power of Guilan Province for Ecotourism Activities Development
Mehdi Hesam amirreza shabahramiOne of the most important steps in planning ecotourism activities is the assessment of the power of different areas to create and develop these activities. In this regard, and given that the province of Guilan is one of the main tourist destinations in the country, in t MoreOne of the most important steps in planning ecotourism activities is the assessment of the power of different areas to create and develop these activities. In this regard, and given that the province of Guilan is one of the main tourist destinations in the country, in this research the ecological ability assessment of Guilan province for ecotourism activities is discussed. To do this research, firstly, the basic criteria for ecotourism activities were selected through study literature and the layers were prepared. Also, according to the views of 23 experts and experts in the field, the weight of each criterion was determined by hierarchical analysis method. Finally, the map of the spatial layers in the Arc Gis software after the application of the coefficient of importance, was integrated and integrated and the areas susceptible to ecotourism activity were identified. The results of the research show that the total area of the Guilan province is 4907 square kilometers in the most suitable category, 7593 square kilometers in the appropriate category, 779 square kilometers in the middle class and 785 square kilometers in the category of inappropriate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Analysis of Changes in Comfort Climate Tourism of Human Residents of Guilan Province Using the Indicator (PET)
Saeedeh Moradmand Amir Gandmakar Ahmad Khadem Al-Husseini Alireza AbbasiWith attention to the importance of the tourism industry and its dependence on the climate as a determinant factor for the planning of tourists, the need to understand the desirable and desirable weather conditions for domestic and foreign tourists is necessary so that MoreWith attention to the importance of the tourism industry and its dependence on the climate as a determinant factor for the planning of tourists, the need to understand the desirable and desirable weather conditions for domestic and foreign tourists is necessary so that the applicant can adapt to it, planning In terms of travel time, type of clothing and equipment required. Guilan province, in terms of geographical conditions and having natural features such as coastal, plain and mountainous areas, as one of the most volatile areas of the country, requires a timetable for tourism, and by providing this comprehensive calendar can Take an important step on the basis of the climate of the environment Tourism. The purpose of this study was to investigate the thermal comfort climate of Guilan province based on weather stations of synoptic stations in time interval (1980 - 2016) using PET model) and analyze it based on maps obtained from GIS software. Its assistance could provide the necessary planning for the development of tourism in the province and the appropriate location and timing. The results show that the past 37 years in July, which coincided with the solar date from July 10 to August 10, the index of the PET index has been decreasing, and the climate condition has improved in this month and the heat stress has declined. Also, October and May (May and October) are among the most suitable periods for tourism in terms of comfort climate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Explaining the Tourism Climate of the East of Guilan Province Using the Physiological Equivalent Temperature
Naser Khoshdel Parviz Rezaei Sadraldin Sadraldin GholamReza JanbazGhobadiIn this research, the tourism climate of the east of Guilan province during the statistical period 1996 to 2015 (20 years) was investigated by PET and TCI methods, and was interpolated with the Kriging method. Also, by using factor analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis, t MoreIn this research, the tourism climate of the east of Guilan province during the statistical period 1996 to 2015 (20 years) was investigated by PET and TCI methods, and was interpolated with the Kriging method. Also, by using factor analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis, they categorized their values from the spatial dimension. Factor analysis of PET values from spatial dimension showed that the PET value of this area was classified into two groups and 52.59% and 46.87% of the variance of the data in rotational state respectively. The first component consists of Roudsar, Kyashahr, Lahijan, Ramsar, Masouleh, Anzali and Rasht stations, and the second component includes the Manjil, Dylaman, Jirandeh and MoalemKalayeh stations. Also, the cluster analysis of the amount of PET divided the East Guilan stations into two groups, with Kyashahr, Roudsar, Lahijan, Ramsar, Rasht and Anzali stations in the first group and Masouleh, Manjil, Dylaman, MoalemKalayeh and Jirandeh stations in the second group. In this regard, the number of detected factors of the TCI value from spatial dimension showed that the two components explained 56.51 and 37.54 percent of the variance of the data in rotational state, the first component is comprised Ramsar, Anzali, Rasht, Kyashahr, Lahijan, Roudsar and Manjil stations, and the second component is the Masouleh, Dyelaman, Jirandeh and MoalemKalayeh stations. Also, using cluster analysis, two independent groups were identified based on the similarity of TCI values. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Designing a Value Co-Creation Model for the Medical Tourism Industry in Guilan Province
Maryam Hassanzadeh Narges Delafrooz Ali Gholipour Soleimani Kambiz ShahroudiGiven the natural, historical, and cultural potentials of Guilan province, a key pivot of its development is tourism, among whose different forms medical tourism is of particular importance. Co-creation is a sort of marketing strategy that emphasizes the creation and re MoreGiven the natural, historical, and cultural potentials of Guilan province, a key pivot of its development is tourism, among whose different forms medical tourism is of particular importance. Co-creation is a sort of marketing strategy that emphasizes the creation and recognition of values shared by an organization and customers to improve service quality and preserve and create value for customers. The present study aims to propose a value co-creation model with an emphasis on organization and customer in the medical tourism industry. The research is exploratory in nature and applied in the objective. The statistical population is composed of eight scientific and executive experts in tourism and eight medical tourists. The sampling method is purposive and snowball. Data, which were collected by semi-structured interviews, were analyzed by the grounded theory. After three steps of coding, the model of value co-creation with organization and customer was identified as a paradigm. The validity and reliability of the data were checked by a combination of validity measurement methods and the test-retest method. Based on the results, the strategies of organizational value co-creation were considered to include the medical tourism mix as the pivotal phenomenon, medical tourism potentials as causal conditions, and medical tourism infrastructure as contextual factors. Customer value co-creation including resources, motivations, and interactions of tourists and customer value co-creation behavior including loyalty and citizen behavior were considered as the consequences of the model. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Determining the level of development of rural in the western coastal area of Guilan province using the Rural Development Index (RDI)
masomeh hasanzadeh sedigheh hasnimehr rafat shahmari Hossein AsghariToday, development as a process is the most important issue of countries, especially developing countries, the most important goal of sustainable development is to meet the needs and improve the quality of human life. The present study aims to examine the level of devel MoreToday, development as a process is the most important issue of countries, especially developing countries, the most important goal of sustainable development is to meet the needs and improve the quality of human life. The present study aims to examine the level of development of health and education indicators in the rural of the west coast of Guilan. For this purpose, information related to 4 health indicators and 6 educational indicators of the three census periods of 2006, 2011 and 2017 were received from the Guilan Provincial website. Then, using the Rural Development Index, Combined Result Index and paired t-statistics, the development of health and education indicators in 8 parts of the coastal area over time were determined. The results showed that the amount of RDI calculated based on the frequency of indicators and also the frequency ratio to the number of rural in each section, has a spatial difference. However, the ranking of the CRI index, despite minor changes in its value, does not show changes in the level of development over three periods. This is also true in the CRI index obtained from the ratio of frequency to the number of rural. The results showed that the development rank in this area is D and C, which indicates the low level of development of the west coastal area of Guilan province in terms of health and education indicators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Spatial analysis of geomorphic hazards in order to identify safe residential areas (Case study: urban areas of Gilan province)
Payam Jafari Hamid Majedi Hossein ZabihiGeomorphic hazards have occurred continuously and throughout history in different areas of the globe and continue to do so. But we recognize these events as a danger when they threaten human settlements and cause damage to man-made buildings, facilities, and equipment. MoreGeomorphic hazards have occurred continuously and throughout history in different areas of the globe and continue to do so. But we recognize these events as a danger when they threaten human settlements and cause damage to man-made buildings, facilities, and equipment. Also, since humanity has not been able to prevent the occurrence of many of these dangers, the best solution is to stay away from these dangers. However, many human settlements are placed in risky situations in terms of geomorphic hazards, which is a potential threat to them. Therefore, by identifying high-risk and safe residential areas, it is possible to prepare to deal with risks and to use safe residential areas in urban planning in future developments and constructions. Based on this, the present research was conducted with this concern to identify safe residential zones in Guilan province, which is considered a high-risk province in terms of geomorphic hazards, through spatial analysis. The research method is mixed or combined (quantitative and qualitative) and a combination of library and field methods was used to collect data and information. The results of this research showed that based on the opinions of specialists and experts, the most important geomorphic hazards that are considered as a threat to the urban areas of Guilan province include earthquakes, floods, landslides, erosion, subsidence, and liquefaction, respectively. In terms of the spatial distribution of safe residential areas, based on what was obtained from the output of the fuzzy model in the GIS software, 51.5% of the Guilan province is covered by unsafe and relatively unsafe levels in terms of geomorphic hazards. On the other hand, safe and relatively safe zones cover 23.4% of the area of Guilan province, and 25.1% of the area of the province is covered by the medium security zone. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Population and Urbanism In The Guilan Province A Geographical Study
teymor amarCity and urbanism is result of relation between human and environment. human’s interference in the nature have creating structural and spatial change that city is sign this alteration. Because, ci MoreCity and urbanism is result of relation between human and environment. human’s interference in the nature have creating structural and spatial change that city is sign this alteration. Because, city has different function, in the geographical study have special status. City and urbanism culture in the ours country have past long and “Guilan province” salient that urbanism has from past long. In this province creation and trans formation to be not reach the same position in the all part and show differents proportional geographical factors that this article attempts to explain this case by three factors of population, ‘Geography position‘, and topography. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Geographical analyzing of expanding second home in rural region of Anzali after the Islamic Republic
teymoor amar afsaneh berenjkar Second homes are one of symbol for developing tourism in rural region and are indicative more longevity of tourist in rural region . The emergence and expanding this phenomenon may account as a symbol for capitalism growth in the rural com More Second homes are one of symbol for developing tourism in rural region and are indicative more longevity of tourist in rural region . The emergence and expanding this phenomenon may account as a symbol for capitalism growth in the rural communities which follow up the deposition and longevity in this community , leave remarkable economic impact in the long - term .In Caspian coast , biginning and expanding the second home were more in coastal strip and shows almost a 3 decade experiences. This research using library and field study had been viewed the dimension and the trend of expanding second home in rural region of Bandar Anzali . The result indicate that expanding second home in this region generally , are influenced by the region geographical condition and local planning (for example, free zone) . The most number of second home had established in recent decade and the owner of more of this home are residence in Tehran ; and the stay opportunity to this homes are generally 3 weeks to one month in a year. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - The Survey of the Electoral Geography in Guilan
zahra pishgahi fard roghayeh sharifiIntroduction With the Islamic Revolution in Iran, people's participation in the political destiny of the country than was provided. In the election or selection of the various factions of the same process has to the election of the people involved. And during the MoreIntroduction With the Islamic Revolution in Iran, people's participation in the political destiny of the country than was provided. In the election or selection of the various factions of the same process has to the election of the people involved. And during the course of this election was different from area to area. In the Research took place about the subject parliamentary elections Geography in Iran, It was concluded that a dramatic change in the border provinces of the country is emerging. The political geography of the province in Iran was named as the divergent territories, In recent years a great demand to participate in national decision-making have shown, Indicate that the republicanism effective role in strengthening the identity - the former is national rather than local identity. Due to the elections in Iran so far no scientific study of the phenomenon gerrymandering in boundaries of electoral districts has been done. In this research, the electoral participation of the Gilan province than all country, the majority of people tend to have explained the country's political factions and finally, gerrymandering phenomenon has been studied in areas of the province's vote. Research Methodology This paper documents the methodology and approach to descriptive - analytical issues geography of the province's election has been analyzed. Thus the first eight courses in parliamentary elections during the province of Gilan Province and the Ministry were prepared. And the statistical tables and graphs of the type of political participation and representation of each the separate spheres and Gilan province in the form of graphs and GIS maps was drawn. * Responsible Author: Zfard@ut.ac.ir Results This paper examines the parliamentary electoral geography of Gilan province in elections in Iran is eight courses. In this research we examine the geographical and political significance as one of the border provinces of Gilan and marginal country landscape of the province to participate in parliamentary elections the country has been assessed; At the same time in the process of obtaining a formal representation to the ups and downs that have addressed the delegates on their way and political aspirations of the people in each electoral period of four main groups, namely the liberal right (the clergy), left (Clergymen) and has been independently assessed. Notably, of course, for certain considerations, to be divided into two sections: the first section of the first course to sixth, and the next stage of the sixth to eighth, both of which have their own characteristics. Finally, Gerrymandering phenomenon (the spatial organization of any party to provide specific benefits) has been studied in the areas of the province's area. Conclusion The survey results show that despite the province is located in the border country. But the turnout in all elections held after the province of the eight assembly elections; the country has been higher than average percentage of participation and this convergence of people in this province, Islamic Republic of Iran. Given the tendency of factional representatives in the province; Most of the activities during this period of eight parliamentary faction of the clergy (right) has had. The power of the clergy-wing (right) in advance of your goals too high and the probability that the next government in the province and power of the clergy of all parliamentary seats to be very high. As in all the eight Assembly seats in the parliamentary faction of the clergy in the province (right) was given. In examining changes in the boundaries of electoral districts (Gerrymandering), only one area in Astanehashrafieh during the Fifth Parliament has been discovered. But it appears that such changes have occurred in other areas. But due to weakness in the election of candidates from all areas of Interior Ministry, and the lack of accurate information to researchers, the phenomenon of Gerrymandering is very difficult to do. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - -
marzieh tatina mahmood roshani atoosa bigdeli -
Open Access Article
54 - Analyzing the situation and the level of development of cities of the Guilan province in 1996 and 2011
nahid fallahian seyed mosa pourmosavi reza vaisi hassan rezapourGuilan province, inequality and lack of balance in the optimal distribution of resources and focus on facilities and services at the First City area (Rasht), imbalance and gaps in development between regions has caused. In this regard, the development target areas and i MoreGuilan province, inequality and lack of balance in the optimal distribution of resources and focus on facilities and services at the First City area (Rasht), imbalance and gaps in development between regions has caused. In this regard, the development target areas and identify the distribution of economic justice - social areas reduce regional disparities is essential. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the rank of metropolitan areas having the province in terms of development indicators and trend of development levels in the years 1375 to 1390 has done. The research method used in this study cross - the dominant approach, it is applied. To check the status of Guilan province gain and development of 40 indicators of economic, cultural, educational, health, housing and infrastructure, recreation and entertainment combined index is applied. Using factor analysis and Mauritius, the degree of development of each province is calculated and ranked. Then, using cluster analysis, urban areas in the province developed, semi-developed and is classified as disadvantaged. Another noteworthy Guilan province in 1996 due compare with 2011, an increase of inequality between the urban areas of the province. And finally calculated based on the regression model, the priority order of the indices to predict degrees of Guilan province in housing and infrastructure, recreational and entertainment services, economic factors, cultural services, education and health indicators are. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - The study and analysis of development of second homes in the rural area Case study: Khorgam sector of Roodbar Township
teymor amarRurul tourism could be the results of social – economical and cultural expansive changes ofter world war II; which expanded under the protection of factors such as communication ways improvement ; urbanisation devlopment; increasing time leisure , increasing MoreRurul tourism could be the results of social – economical and cultural expansive changes ofter world war II; which expanded under the protection of factors such as communication ways improvement ; urbanisation devlopment; increasing time leisure , increasing environmental pollution, and the level of life promotion . Second homes as one of this actions result; first of all prevaild in west and then in other part of the world. In our country also the mountainous territories around big cities and regiones which have good microclimatic conditions have observed this phenomenon formation. Moreover, in “Caspian sea” coast, although the presentation and expantion of second homes have been in coastal regiones , with filling these regione in one hand and making easy the access of mountainouse regiones on the other hand, has carried its development scape to this regione. This reaserch by doing library and scope studies , has discussed the dimenthons and procedures of second homes devlopment in one of rural regiones of “Guilan province” (Khorgam sector of Roodbar township). The result of studies showes that second homes devlopment in the region , generally is because of relative relations and reversed emigration (city to village ), and the improvement of communication sub-structure. Meanwhile, this phenomenon in these developmental procedures has been deprived of planning, control and management, and has increased mechanical andautomatically form. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - The study of water risis in Guilan province and the solutions
Parviz RezaeiOne of the must important elements in the comprehensivedevelopment in any region is undoubtedly the accessibility of the sweetwater. Guilan located in southern coasts of the Caspian Sea and in northerof Alborz receiving various moist sources, is one of the densely raine MoreOne of the must important elements in the comprehensivedevelopment in any region is undoubtedly the accessibility of the sweetwater. Guilan located in southern coasts of the Caspian Sea and in northerof Alborz receiving various moist sources, is one of the densely rainedareas in Iran. The presence of different rivers along with the height of thewater table has caused the growth of economic activities dependent onwater. So the abundant of water sources has stopped the officials to thinkof accessing new sources or adapting necessary measures and policies torationalize the use of water sources. Increasing growth of population, lackof adequate instruments for job creation, traditional methods of using watersources along with unplanned development of agricultured area havecaused different problems especially in recent years that precipitation wereinsufficient. This paper has tried to consider the role and place of thewaters sources in the future planning of the State. The research methods isbased on the descriptive statistical methods and analyze of the watersources. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - The Process of Urbanization changes in Guilan Province
bahram karimi mohamad salmani seyed ali badri mohamadreza rezvani mojtaba ghadiri masoom Introduction *Corresponding Author: salmanim@voila.fr One of the characteristics of our age is urbanization, increasing of urban population and developing and growing of towns and cities. The third millennium has b More Introduction *Corresponding Author: salmanim@voila.fr One of the characteristics of our age is urbanization, increasing of urban population and developing and growing of towns and cities. The third millennium has been called urbanization age because urban population has increased from 29 million in 1800 to 2/8 billion in 2000. It is forecasted that urban population will be 3/3 billion in 2030, and 90 percent of this population will live in the third world cities. Urbanization in Gilan province has ever been less than its average in Iran but its urban system has been similar to the rest of Iran. Urban pyramid is unbalanced and unequal in Gilan, and the top of the pyramid is very narrow due to existence of big cities, and the base of the pyramid is very wide due to existence of many small towns.. Methodology This research based on studying in Guilan province is going to analyze urbanization dimensions and trends, the increase of city numbers through transformation of villages to towns, and primate city indexes in it. The type of research is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical. Required data has been collected through the results of public Censuses of Housing and Population from 1956 to 2006. Results The survey of population and urbanization in Guilan province shows that urban population were increasing from 1956 to 1986, and had a falling trend from 1986 to 1996; in all of these periods urban population growth rate was more than rural and total population growth rate but rural population was always more than urban population. In 2006, for the first time urban population has transcended to rural population. The increase of extent and ratio of urbanization has been due to increase of rural immigration and the transformation of villages to towns. During the late five decades, Guilan province has ever faced with increasing of city numbers. The average of population of villages transformed to towns is low. Grouping of cities shows that the cities with population between 10000 and100000 have increased from 1966 to 2006, but cities with population more than 100000 haven't changed so much. The survey of numbers and population of cities in different groups shows that small towns (less than 25000 populations) have had the least population and the most numbers in all periods of Censuses. Primate city indexes in Guilan indicate that urban system is unbalanced; it means that primate city degree and centralization are high there. The main reason for this centralization is the state's policies and modernization. Conclusion Surveys indicate urbanization level in Guilan province has increased and rural population ratio has decreased in five recent decades. Rasht city (the capital of the province) has had the most urban population; within the six periods of Censuses the average of its population has been 43/1 percent of urban population of Guilan province. This unbalanced population distribution in the province is because of unbalanced distribution of services and facilities there. So it is necessary to change or improve the population settlement and settling pattern in order to achieve development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Analysis of the function of literacy movement at Cultural Development of Villagers of Guilan Province
عیسی پوررمضان محمد امیری میکالSince the formation of literacy movement for creating learning opportunity of adults till now significant improvement has been achieved in the direction of achieving considered aim. After 3 decades of activity of this organization regarding national experience and its i MoreSince the formation of literacy movement for creating learning opportunity of adults till now significant improvement has been achieved in the direction of achieving considered aim. After 3 decades of activity of this organization regarding national experience and its interaction with international experiences there is the necessity of reviewing and engineering again in most of products and methods that are being used. This paper that has been done with analytic- descriptive method, has considered the role of literacy movement at cultural development of village of Guilan province. The required data of this research has been gained through documentation-field method. It was completed in order to determine the function of literacy movement at cultural development of Guilan province that based on census in 2006 it had more literate people. The independent variable is seemed literary research and dependent variable is cultural development of villages that for making relationship 15 items were determined and analyzed. The result of consideration shows that literacy movement during its activity could make people literate at villages and villagers after being literate their level of information and culture has been promoted , on the one hand in the view of doing religious duties, reading Quran, benefiting prophetic saying , it has had positive and significant changes. Also they have been more successful at verbal and auditory interaction and became interested in using books and simple journals. Putting women out of isolation and entering them into social- political area is the effect and blessing of literacy. Especially they became more sensitive towards local, national phenomena, Islam's world and international phenomena. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Evaluation of factors affecting the development of second cultivation in the Shaft Township
تیمور آمار محمد باسط قرشی مینآباد صفیه باقری کودکانیEfficiency of an agricultural activity depends on the use of factors of production and utilization of existing infrastructure in increasing productivity. One of the methods for increasing productivity in agriculture is second cultivation. Second cultivation, the so-call MoreEfficiency of an agricultural activity depends on the use of factors of production and utilization of existing infrastructure in increasing productivity. One of the methods for increasing productivity in agriculture is second cultivation. Second cultivation, the so-called cultivated crops in the land after harvesting the first crop will be cultivated and exploited. Cultivation in the Guilan province with the so-called products of the land is cultivated paddy fields after rice harvest. This study deals second cultivation importance of rural household’s economy in the Shaft city (Guilan Province). In the study of current methods for collecting and processing information (documents and field) using and the role of second cultivation in agriculture, leading the livelihoods of rural areas were evaluated and solutions for existing problems is also presented. The results of this study showed that Shaft Township with 14,330 hectares of paddy and benefit from Infrastructures such as adequate water have appropriate conditions for the development of second cultivation. In addition, factors such as land leveling, human force and satisfaction of the production can appropriate support for increase efficiency this mode of production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Analysis of Management – policy Problems before tea industry in the Guilan Province
mohamadsadegh allahyari habibollah rezadost shaghayegh kheiri seyed ali noor hosseiniTo evaluate and identify the most import and managerial-policy issues and problems of tea industry in Guilan, a study was conducted in 2010. Delphi method was used in this study involved a total of 54 members (15 farmers, 12 factory owners, 11 businessmen and 16 experts MoreTo evaluate and identify the most import and managerial-policy issues and problems of tea industry in Guilan, a study was conducted in 2010. Delphi method was used in this study involved a total of 54 members (15 farmers, 12 factory owners, 11 businessmen and 16 experts).The results showed that issues such as wealth and power Mafia drummer imports smuggled tea, tea accumulate on of experience, lack of strict government control son production and trade of tea, the lack of stable and long-term strategy and policy in stability, Lack of management and planning in the manufacturing, industrial and commercial tea, the tea industry is looking at a system of government, to deal with problems of passive Tea, Unethical interference in local government authorities and push them to buy green tea, Weaknesses in the education sector ,promoting the country's tea industry and government neglect in the cultivation and breeding of tea gardens and tea gardens release due to wrong policies of reform initiatives Tea, a very important point for the tea product that had a failure with the tea industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Spatial analysis of activities in Guilan province
eisa pourramzan reza mahdaviHuman should keep in mind to use territory as much as it's potential to prevent poverty and destruction of territory and also kind of use should be determined refer to territory potentials, economic and social needs. Spatial development of Guilan province (north of Iran MoreHuman should keep in mind to use territory as much as it's potential to prevent poverty and destruction of territory and also kind of use should be determined refer to territory potentials, economic and social needs. Spatial development of Guilan province (north of Iran) is representing policies and socioeconomic attitude of the society in the past decades that can be characterized with elemental metamorphism in shape and spatial organization. Spatial organization of Guilan province is ruling by arrangement and distribution of members of a set in space for application of all members. In spatial organization of Guilan, dots like: entrances, villages, cities, regions (industrial, agricultural and service regions) and cities, grids like: roads, channels, power transfer lines etc. and areas like: agricultural lands, forests, sea, rivers and lagoons are important. Finally configuration of spatial structure can be presents balanced, incidental, concentrated, hierarchy or conversely. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Solutions of rural tourism development in the mountain-side section of Guilan
روشن بابایی همتی نصراله مولائی هشجینIn this article is tried to consider tourism as a tool for the economic development and progress of villages for gain to the rural sustainable development. Meanwhile, rural sustainable development can be the encounter of these two subjects in spaces frame which create t MoreIn this article is tried to consider tourism as a tool for the economic development and progress of villages for gain to the rural sustainable development. Meanwhile, rural sustainable development can be the encounter of these two subjects in spaces frame which create the kinds of the rural tourism types. So farm, garden, historical, human and natural tourism can be factors for attracting tourists. Making the touristic identity for villages with regard to the applied aspect target, this article clarifies in the frame of the analytic and descriptive methodology. With the result that, the set of solutions that present in the mountain-side section of Guilan province, considering the rural tourism development discussions are expressed. Manuscript profile -
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63 - Role of Local Periodic Markets in Economic and Social Development of Villages of Guilan Province
seyed hassan Motiee Langeroudi mojtaba Ghadiri Masoom mohamadreza Rezvani aeezh AzmiIntroduction Local periodic markets are places that villagers and farmers go there for selling crops. Therefore these markets have an important role in local development. Thus each transformation in these markets effects on villagers and farmers. Aim of this inv MoreIntroduction Local periodic markets are places that villagers and farmers go there for selling crops. Therefore these markets have an important role in local development. Thus each transformation in these markets effects on villagers and farmers. Aim of this investigation is study of the local periodic markets and its role in local development. The local periodic markets have important role in rural economic in Guilan province and therefore each change and evolution in this markets effect on rural economic and society. Therefore, solution of these problems must be principle priority in region planning. This investigation study that how these problems resolve. Therefore there are some problems that may study: 1.What are economic dimensions of the local periodic markets in rural development? 2.What are cultural and social dimensions of the local periodic markets in rural development? 3.What is effective component in economic and cultural and social dimensions of the local periodic markets in rural development? Research Methodology This investigation does in 9 cities in Guilan province they have local periodic markets. Statistical population includes half of total society that includes 300 sellers. Sampling method for this selection was stratified sampling. A systematic random sampling method was used to select the samples from among the sellers in each city. Reliability was calculated by Cronbach’s alfa. Validity was studied by in geographical and agricultural experts. Data was calculated by SPSS software and investigators used from per cent, mean, C.V and factor analysis for analyzing data. With regard to the study area, the study was conducted in Guilan province in Iran; Guilan is located at 36’ and 34” to 38’ and 27” northern latitude and 48’ and 53” to 50’ and 34” eastern longitude from the Greenwich meridian.Guilan is one of the northern provinces of Iran that its extent is 14711 km. It is about 9% of Iran extent. This province lies along the Caspian Sea, just west of the province of Mazandaran, east of the province of Ardabil, north of the provinces of Zanjan and Qazvin. The center of the province is the city of Rasht. Results Results say that economic dimension is equal 2.60 that it shows that the local periodic markets have economic effects on rural development. But cultural and social dimension is equal 3.25 that it shows that local periodic markets do not have effect on rural development. In economic dimension, there are 3 components that effect on rural development (71.025 of total), and in cultural and social dimension, there are 2 components that effect on rural development (67.35 of total). Conclusion This paper mentions that the local periodic markets have important role in rural development. In social and cultural dimension, they effect on villagers’ social situation, help to women empowerment, increase interaction between cities and villages and identify local traditions to visitors. In economic dimension, the local periodic markets produce jobs, income, decrease poverty and help to crop sale. In sellers’ motivating dimension, the sellers like their work but jobs, money and employment are important reasons for working in the market. The researchers show that there are some components in the local periodic markets that effect on rural development. In economic dimension, these factors include: production and marketing factor, income factor, and occupation factor. In social and cultural dimension, these factors include: rural and urban interaction and income factor. And in sellers’ motivating dimension, these factors include: professional factor, families’ factor, money factor and shopping factor. For the local periodic markets, the researchers have some recommendations that include: 1.it is essential that government intervene in the local periodic markets for to help the sellers; 2.the sellers are almost poor and government should protect them by credit, loam and insurance, and 3.The local periodic markets are Iranian cultural heritage that must protect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Assessment of attraction and environmental compatibility in architectural structure of eco-tourism resorts from tourists’ point of view (case study: Gilan ecolodges)
Seyed Mohammadreza Nasir Salami Maryam Rostampisheh Said Tizghalam ZonouziArchitectural structures and elements is one of the most important parameters in eco-tourism and these are key factors in ecolodges. Ecolodge type and its architectural quality, level of compatibility with native culture and natural environment and its attraction and sa MoreArchitectural structures and elements is one of the most important parameters in eco-tourism and these are key factors in ecolodges. Ecolodge type and its architectural quality, level of compatibility with native culture and natural environment and its attraction and satisfaction value have great importance for eco-tourism market and its future planning of entrepreneurs’ architectural rebuilding and innovation. Gilan is one of the eco-tourism centers, where numerous ecolodges with different structures have been established in recent years, meanwhile, tourists’ point of view is an essential recognition for future planning. In this research, level of architectural attraction and environmental compatibility in ecolodges based on tourists’ attitude have been investigated through quantitative analysis and evaluated questionnaires of architectural components, which has filled by 221 tourists. The result of statistical analysis indicated high level of architectural attraction for tourists and acceptable value of environmental compatibility in architectural structures, although structure of ecolodges are very different of rural houses. It not only means incompatibility but also can cause more attraction and satisfaction values. Manuscript profile -
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65 - تأثیر افزایش قیمت برق بر رفاه بخش خانگی مناطق روستایی استان گیلان، ایران
رضا اسفنجاری کناری زهره کرمی سیده صدیقه احمدزادهبه منظور بررسی اثر افزایش قیمت برق در بخش خانگی بر رفاه خانوارهای روستایی استان گیلان با استفاده از سیستم تقاضای تقریبا ایده­آل؛ کشش­ها و تغییرات رفاهی ناشی از افزایش 50 درصدی و افزایش 100 درصدی قیمت برق خانگی و افزایش تدریجی قیمت برق خانگی در چهار سال (هر سال ا Moreبه منظور بررسی اثر افزایش قیمت برق در بخش خانگی بر رفاه خانوارهای روستایی استان گیلان با استفاده از سیستم تقاضای تقریبا ایده­آل؛ کشش­ها و تغییرات رفاهی ناشی از افزایش 50 درصدی و افزایش 100 درصدی قیمت برق خانگی و افزایش تدریجی قیمت برق خانگی در چهار سال (هر سال افزایش 25 درصدی) با استفاده از دو معیار تغییرات جبرانی و تغییرات معادل طی دوره زمانی 91-1370 محاسبه شده­است. نتایج نشان می­دهد قدر مطلق کشش درآمدی و قیمتی برق کوچک­تر از واحد بوده­است. پایین­بودن کشش قیمتی تقاضا از طرفی نشان­دهنده تأثیر جزئی تغییرات قیمت بر روی تقاضای برق در دوره مورد بررسی بوده و از طرف دیگر بیان­گر عدم وجود جانشین مناسب برای برق در بخش خانگی می­باشد.محاسبات تغییرات رفاهی و مقایسه­ی آنها با سهم برق از یارانه­ی پرداختی، نشان میدهد که با افزایش 50 و 100 درصدی قیمت برق خانگی پول پرداختی به خانوار کمتر از میزان مبلغ به­دست آمده­است و می­توان گفت که اثر مستقیم واقعی­کردن قیمت برق خانگی (افزایش قیمت) جبران نشده­است. در واقع میزان رفاهی که خانوار در اثر افزایش قیمت برق از دست داده­است بیش­تر از رفاهی است که به­دست آورده­است و لذا خانوارها متضرر شده­اند. اما در مورد سناریوی افزایش تدریجی قیمت، مبلغ CV به­دست­آمده کمتر از میزان دریافتی خانوار بوده و به این دلیل در واقع تنها با اعمال این سیاست قیمتی است که خانوار متضرر نشده و رفاه آن افزایش یافته­است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - تأثیر افزایش قیمت برق بر رفاه بخش خانگی مناطق روستایی استان گیلان
حسین صالحی Esfandiar Doshman Ziari Mohammad Sadegh Ziaeiبه منظور بررسی اثر افزایش قیمت برق در بخش خانگی بر رفاه خانوارهای روستایی استان گیلان با استفاده از سیستم تقاضای تقریبا ایده­آل؛ کشش­ها و تغییرات رفاهی ناشی از افزایش 50 درصدی و افزایش 100 درصدی قیمت برق خانگی و افزایش تدریجی قیمت برق خانگی در چهار سال (هر سال ا Moreبه منظور بررسی اثر افزایش قیمت برق در بخش خانگی بر رفاه خانوارهای روستایی استان گیلان با استفاده از سیستم تقاضای تقریبا ایده­آل؛ کشش­ها و تغییرات رفاهی ناشی از افزایش 50 درصدی و افزایش 100 درصدی قیمت برق خانگی و افزایش تدریجی قیمت برق خانگی در چهار سال (هر سال افزایش 25 درصدی) با استفاده از دو معیار تغییرات جبرانی و تغییرات معادل طی دوره زمانی 91-1370 محاسبه شده­است. نتایج نشان می­دهد قدر مطلق کشش درآمدی و قیمتی برق کوچک­تر از واحد بوده­است. پایین­بودن کشش قیمتی تقاضا از طرفی نشان­دهنده تأثیر جزئی تغییرات قیمت بر روی تقاضای برق در دوره مورد بررسی بوده و از طرف دیگر بیان­گر عدم وجود جانشین مناسب برای برق در بخش خانگی می­باشد.محاسبات تغییرات رفاهی و مقایسه­ی آنها با سهم برق از یارانه­ی پرداختی، نشان میدهد که با افزایش 50 و 100 درصدی قیمت برق خانگی پول پرداختی به خانوار کمتر از میزان مبلغ به­دست آمده­است و می­توان گفت که اثر مستقیم واقعی­کردن قیمت برق خانگی (افزایش قیمت) جبران نشده­است. در واقع میزان رفاهی که خانوار در اثر افزایش قیمت برق از دست داده­است بیش­تر از رفاهی است که به­دست آورده­است و لذا خانوارها متضرر شده­اند. اما در مورد سناریوی افزایش تدریجی قیمت، مبلغ CV به­دست­آمده کمتر از میزان دریافتی خانوار بوده و به این دلیل در واقع تنها با اعمال این سیاست قیمتی است که خانوار متضرر نشده و رفاه آن افزایش یافته­است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - بررسی ابعاد موانع ترویج کشاورزی تلفیقی تجاری کوچک مقیاس
ید حسن حسینی خشت مسجدی سحر در یوری سید جمال فرج اله حسینی مریم امیدی نجف آبادیکشاورزان در مقیاس کوچک برای دستیابی به کشاورزی تجاری یکپارچه در مقیاس کوچک با موانع متعددی روبرو هستند. این مطالعه با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی به بررسی موانع کشاورزی تلفیقی تجاری در مقیاس کوچک می پردازد. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه شالیکاران استان گیلان (180106=N) بوده و حجم نمونه Moreکشاورزان در مقیاس کوچک برای دستیابی به کشاورزی تجاری یکپارچه در مقیاس کوچک با موانع متعددی روبرو هستند. این مطالعه با روش توصیفی- تحلیلی به بررسی موانع کشاورزی تلفیقی تجاری در مقیاس کوچک می پردازد. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه شالیکاران استان گیلان (180106=N) بوده و حجم نمونه (422=n) با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان به روش نمونه گیری تصادفی طبقه ای تعیین شد. ابزار پژوهش پرسشنامه ای بود که روایی آن توسط پانل متخصصان و پایایی آن با ضریب آلفای کرونباخ (89/0) تأیید شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با نرم افزار SPSS و تحلیل مسیر با نرم افزار Smart PLS انجام شد. نتایج تحلیل مسیر نشان داد که موانع گسترش تأثیر مستقیم بر کشاورزی در مقیاس کوچک (441/0=β) و کشاورزی تجاری تلفیقی (401/0=β) و تأثیر غیرمستقیم بر کشاورزی تلفیقی تجاری در مقیاس کوچک (541/0 = β) و غیر مستقیم (β = 0.91). با توجه به مقدار t، فرضیه تحقیق در مورد موانع گسترش می توان نتیجه گرفت که اثربخشی بین متغیرهای مستقل و وابسته معنادار است. بر اساس نتایج بهدستآمده، استفاده از عوامل ترویجی آگاه، کاهش وظایف غیرگسترشی مروجین و کمک به سازمانهای محلی برای کاهش واسطهها از عوامل ضروری در رفع موانع این نوع سیستمهای کشاورزی است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - The Relationship between Organizational Intelligence and Organizational Effectiveness in Public Libraries of Guilan Province from Librarian`s Viewpoint
Roghayyeh Najafikhah Esmat MomeniObjective: The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of organizational intelligence on organizational effectiveness, and also to identify the situation of the aforementioned variables in public libraries of Guilan province under the authority of Iran public MoreObjective: The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of organizational intelligence on organizational effectiveness, and also to identify the situation of the aforementioned variables in public libraries of Guilan province under the authority of Iran public libraries foundation. Methods: This study was an applied one, using the descriptive survey research and correlation method. Data gathering was done by 2 questionnaires of Karl Albrecht organizational intelligence and Parsons organizational effectiveness. The research population are all employees of the public libraries of Guilan province that are 162 people that 118 of them were selected as the sample size. Data Analysis was done by indicators of descriptive statistics and statistical calculations were carried out by SPSS. Results: The findings show that positive and significant relationship exists between organizational intelligence and it`s components with effectiveness and dimensions. the organizational intelligence of librarian and it`s components is more than the mean. The result of effectiveness shows that except of the latency component that is less than the mean but other components are more than the mean. Conclusion: The findings indicate that organizational intelligence impacts on success and effectiveness of the library. Equal attention to all organizational intelligence elements and organizational effectiveness and organized and coordinated efforts in order to solve work problems, increases salaries, provide facilities and encouragement programs, create satisfying reward system to raise librarian growth and finally will lead to increase in effectiveness in libraries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Investigation of Seasonal and Depthal Macrofaunal Distribution in Boojagh Marine National Park, Southern Caspian Sea
S. Bahrbar H. Negarestan A. Maghsoudlou Afshin DanehkarIn this study, the distribution of macrobenthos in Boojagh Marine National Park (BMNP) was studied. Sampling was conducted in six transects, perpendicular to the beach, using a Van Veen grab sampler, with five replications. Samples were collected in five seasons (2015-2 MoreIn this study, the distribution of macrobenthos in Boojagh Marine National Park (BMNP) was studied. Sampling was conducted in six transects, perpendicular to the beach, using a Van Veen grab sampler, with five replications. Samples were collected in five seasons (2015-2016). Each transect include three stations at depths of 1 meter, 5 meter and 10 meter. Washed and fixed samples were transferred to the laboratory, sorted and different groups of microbenthic taxons were identified. Mollusca with an average of 588 individuals per square meter, Malacostraca with 225, Polychaeta with 175, Hexanauplia with 109 and Clitellata with 98 individuals per square were identified. Depth profiles showed that the benthos are mostly distributed at 10 meter depth, followed by five and one meter depths. The densest season was at summer of 2015, with 356 individuals per square meter followed by summer of 2016, autumn and winter of 2015 and spring of 2016. Overall, the most macrobenthos distribution was in 10 meter depth. Macrobenthos density in the summer was more and in the spring was less than other seasons. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - بررسی ارتباط سبک های تصمیم گیری مصرف کنندگان با خرید نوشیدنی های گازدار (مورد مطالعه: فروشگاه های زنجیره ای رفاه استان گیلان)
هرمز مهرانی منصوره صادقی -
Open Access Article
71 - Study of Accumulation of Heavy Metals (Pb & Cd) in Muscle, Skin, and Gill Tissues Chalcalburnus Chalcoides (Anzali & Shirud Lagoon)
Mohammad Bostanmanesh Mahnaz Sadat Sadeghi Mojgan EmtiyazjooWe studied concentration of heavy metals Pb and Cd in the Gill, Skin, and Muscle tissues of Chalcalburnus Chalcoides caught from the southern Caspian Sea (Anzali & Shirud lagoon) in spring 2012. After biometrical measurements, the Gill, Skin, and Muscle tissues of s MoreWe studied concentration of heavy metals Pb and Cd in the Gill, Skin, and Muscle tissues of Chalcalburnus Chalcoides caught from the southern Caspian Sea (Anzali & Shirud lagoon) in spring 2012. After biometrical measurements, the Gill, Skin, and Muscle tissues of samples were separated; metals were extracted from the tissues using chemical digestion method with pure nitric acid and their concentrations were determined by AAS. Average concentrations (in ppm dry weight) were compared with international standards such as FAO, WHO, and Stoskopf. Results showed that in Shirud of Mazandaran in gills, skin and muscle tissues, the maximum average accumulation belonging to Pb are 9.5836 ± 2.52069, 5.9343 ± 1.08995, 6.0264 ± 1.45947 µg/g and minimum average belonging to Cd are 0.0936 ± 0.04763, 0.0957 ± 0.04236, 0.0393 ± 0.02227 µg/g, respectively. In Anzali of Gilan, in gills, skin, and muscle tissues maximum average accumulation belonging to Pb are 20.8380 ± 3.68153, 7.6880 ± 2.04173, 3.5653 ± 0.68273 µg/g and minimum average belonging to Cd are 0.6040 ± 0.22663, 0.1167 ± 0.03897, 0.0233 ± 0.00893 µg/g, respectively. Lead concentrations in this study in both areas compared to international standards of WHO, Netherlands, EOS, and EPA limit is reached, but according to the EPA standard, the muscles in Gilan province are lower than the limit. Cadmium concentrations in all tissues except gill-based standards are lower. The average concentration of lead and cadmium metals between muscle, skin, and gills in Gilan province showed significant difference (P<0.05) and average concentrations of lead and cadmium in the tissues in Mazandaran province were not significantly different (P> 0.5). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Investigating the effect of interactive information retrieval on the knowledge management process of faculty members of Gilan University of Medical Sciences
Hoseyn Esmaeili Niyasan Hajar Zarei Soudabe ShapouriThe present study seeks to assess the impact of information interactive recovery on the knowledge management process of faculty members of Gilan University of Medical Sciences, The present study is an applied by survey method. The research population is 452 faculty memb MoreThe present study seeks to assess the impact of information interactive recovery on the knowledge management process of faculty members of Gilan University of Medical Sciences, The present study is an applied by survey method. The research population is 452 faculty members of Gilan University of Medical Sciences, which based on Morgan table, the sample population was 208. Data collection tools were two researcher-made questionnaires, based on Belkin, Fong and Choi models. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential methods, and included frequency, frequency percentage, frequency distribution table, mean and standard deviation, confirmatory factor analysis, Grunbach's Alpha, regression, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Data analysis software version 24 and Amos were used to analyze the data. Pearson correlation test was used to investigate the relationship between interactive information retrieval and knowledge management. Findings showed that dimensions (representation, comparison, representation, leadership, and visualization) are involved in interactive retrieval, and are known as factors affecting knowledge management, in addition, factors (knowledge acquisition, knowledge creation, Knowledge retention, knowledge distribution, knowledge application) also have an impact on knowledge management, among which knowledge distribution has the most, and knowledge retention has the least impact. The results showed that interactive retrieval of information and all its dimensions have a positive and significant relationship and a direct impact on the knowledge management process of faculty members of Gilan University of Medical Sciences, and then compared the most, and then the least influential factor were identified. Manuscript profile
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