Examining the Socio-Economic Consequences of Environmental Geopolitical Challenges in Gilan Province with an Emphasis on Water Security

Bahram Ariyamanesh ¹ ( PhD Student of Political Geography, Department of Geography, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran )
Hojat Mahkouei ² ( Department of Geography, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran )
amir gandomkar ³ ( Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Najaf Abad Unit, Islamic Azad University, Najaf Abad, Iran )
Alireza Abasi ⁴ ( Department of Geography, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran [e-mail] )

Submited date : 2023-06-02 Accepted date : 2023-07-18

Keywords: Security, Environmental Geopolitics, Water Security, Gilan Province,

Abstract :

In the 21st century, the world is witnessing rapid and unprecedented changes in the environmental geopolitical field. Environmental challenges play an important role in human security. One of the challenges that arise is in the field of water and water crisis. Water security in Gilan province has faced many challenges in recent years in connection with environmental geopolitical components and affected by many factors. The current research was carried out with the aim of explaining environmental geopolitical challenges in Gilan province with an emphasis on water security. By using the descriptive-analytical method, relying on library studies and surveys, the authors aim to evaluate the research hypothesis and by setting up a questionnaire and distributing it among the statistical community of the research, including elites and students of political science, political geography and environment. The life of Gilan province and the analysis of the collected data using spss software have taken steps towards achieving the goals of the research. The results show that the significance value of the variable t-test is equal to 0.000 and less than the standard level of 0.05, hence the hypothesis of the research which is "Environmental geopolitical challenges in Gilan province lead to the intensification of socio-economic consequences caused by The water crisis is confirmed. The findings of the Friedman test in the form of extracting averages and ranking the items show the challenges of waste and garbage crisis, land use change, establishment of scattered, heterogeneous and incompatible industries with environmental protection, indiscriminate harvesting of rivers, Destruction of agricultural lands and natural resources, pollution of surface water, unsustainable natural tourism in the province, deforestation, non-compliance with water consumption pattern and excessive use of underground water tables more than other issues lead to the intensification of socio-economic consequences caused by the crisis. water in Gilan province.