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Open Access Article
1 - The Establishment of Rural Settlements in Kermanshah Province In Relation to Faults Using GIS
zahra gholami rad kianoosh behrouziThe emergence of human settlements, especially villages, has been based on suitable natural factors. In the world today, the gap between the findings of the humanities and their ability is increasingly growing day by day to protect people's lives and properties and the MoreThe emergence of human settlements, especially villages, has been based on suitable natural factors. In the world today, the gap between the findings of the humanities and their ability is increasingly growing day by day to protect people's lives and properties and the fury of nature continues to wreak havoc. Sciences themselves also contribute to the increase of these risks to some extent and new forms of danger with new effects which is caused by improper use of technology. The role of geomorphology studies and preparation of geomorphology maps are vividly important not only in rural construction but in most cases in making decisions that leads to the preparation of rural development plans. Geomorphological factors and the influence of morphogenic phenomena are forgotten and not taken into consideration. In the shadow of such studies, stable and unstable lands and their instability methods are determined with effective mechanisms .The present study examines and evaluates the settlement of 2793 rural places in connection with faults in Kermanshah province. In order to investigate these factors, accurate and powerful GIS software was used to produce and analyze maps. During this process, first the base maps were prepared, then the distribution of settlements was analyzed in relation to the fault layer and the correlation test (pearson's type) was used to determine the degree of correlation between natural factors and the distribution of settlements. The results of the correlation coefficient method show that there is a significant and strong relationship between the natural factor of the fault and the distribution of settlements in the studied area, and the distribution of the studied rural settlements is regular in relation to the environmental-ecological capabilities and limitations. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Physical criteria-traffic analysis and vulnerability assessment in Tehran 21 With an emphasis on crisis management
rahim gholami RAHIM SARVAR MAJID VALI SHARIAT PANAHI ZAHRA PISHGAHI FARDThe aim of this study was to analyze the vulnerability of the network in the event of accidents, with an emphasis on crisis management. Evidence suggests that in the event of accidents, the potential for insecurity, social disorder offenses and the offenders increases a MoreThe aim of this study was to analyze the vulnerability of the network in the event of accidents, with an emphasis on crisis management. Evidence suggests that in the event of accidents, the potential for insecurity, social disorder offenses and the offenders increases and the occurrence of both events and social unrest urban traffic management is difficult. In this study, 6 main criteria to determine the network's physical and spatial area 21 Tehran And using the (AHP) Was used to assess the vulnerability of the network in the event of accidents. This study cross - functional purpose Bashd.drgrdavry library and field data (questionnaire) was based on expert opinion. In this study, using some of the capabilities of GIS software to analyze several major objective in the management street networks of crisis events In the 21st District the potential vulnerability of the region based on physical conditions is shown. Based on the output maps and statistical analysis of the results، Town of North Cheetgar, town shahrdari, town Vilashahr,town Esteghlal and town 22 most risky and town Vardavard, town Darya and town Tehransar e gharbi of the safest areas of the Municipality, District21 And other vulnerabilities in the region are relatively low. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Ahwaz municipal solid waste sanitary burial location using software models and software Arc Gis Visual PROMETHEE
سیروس قنبری محسن شایان اکبر دهبان نژادیانChoose landfill is an important step in the management of municipal solid waste according to environmental impact, economic and ecological waste, the landfill must be done carefully and in a scientific process. . Choose a suitable place to bury garbage, requires conside MoreChoose landfill is an important step in the management of municipal solid waste according to environmental impact, economic and ecological waste, the landfill must be done carefully and in a scientific process. . Choose a suitable place to bury garbage, requires consideration of many factors and criteria (criteria distance from the airport, distance from fault, distance from the town, away from the river, away from the city, close to land use, soil type, wind direction, distance residential areas, away from the ground and the distance of communication) is. The purpose of this study, the optimal location city landfill Ahvazba geographic information system and software application and version is Visual PROMETHEE. The type used in this article is an applied research - development and its method is descriptive and analytical. The results show the importance of considering all measures, the proposed locations for waste sanitary burial in the city of Ahvaz, East and North-East part of the city that these places are the standards to accomplish this. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Survey of Flood water Spreading on quantitative changes of Vegetation Cover and Groundwater Recharge by Remote Sensing and GIS in Tasouj Aquifer in East Azarbayjan
Hossein Saadati Maghsoud KhayyamOne of the methods for water supplying and control of drying and flood is theapplication of water flooding. The work reported here was conducted at theexperimental station located in Tassuj plain, 110 km north-west of Tabriz in thenorthern of Oroumiye lake, situated bet MoreOne of the methods for water supplying and control of drying and flood is theapplication of water flooding. The work reported here was conducted at theexperimental station located in Tassuj plain, 110 km north-west of Tabriz in thenorthern of Oroumiye lake, situated between 45°18 to 45° 33E and 38° 15 to 38° 24 N,with an average annual precipitation of 362.3 mm, and average annual evaporation of989.5 mm. The study basin has an area of 5590 km2 with 3000 km2 on which floodspreading is possible. The aims of this research are investigation of efficacy of FloodSpreading Project (FSP) on vegetation cover and recharge of groudwater in Tassujstation. Remote sensing and GIS systems are effective and efficient techniques inwatershed management and investigation flood distribution in plains. After preparingmentioned parameters in GIS environment (using Arc GIS software), digital maps andtwo satellite images TM (1992) and ETM (2002, 2006) of the study area from floodspreading of Tassuj was used. Images were interpretated by Hybrid or optic method oncomputer monitor. The results were indicated that vegetation cover increased afterFlood Spreading Project equal 18% to 34% in 1378 to 1384 year. Bare soil decreasesin 9 years at last too. Deposit of drying, groundwater level does not decrease but alsodischarge of wells was increased. Study of unit hydrograph of Tassuj plain wasdeterminated that groundwater level decreases equal 10 meters in 1373 to 1380 butafter flood spreading in the1380 year it increased. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Location of the suitable landfill site using geographic information system (case study of heer district of ardebil province)
Mahsa Shahab Masoud Mahdavi◌Due to the growing human population on one hand and increasing industrial developmenton the other hand waste production is unavoidable. The main purpose of this research isspatial analysis operation with using GIS technology in order to locate the optimal range forthe More◌Due to the growing human population on one hand and increasing industrial developmenton the other hand waste production is unavoidable. The main purpose of this research isspatial analysis operation with using GIS technology in order to locate the optimal range forthe landfill of heer district of ardebil province. for this purpose, in the first stage, using 12information layers which includes 9 layers of natural information (environmental) and 3layers of social intelligence economics which related to case study enter the ARC GISsoftware and landfill databases was formed. In the second stage information layers based onexisting standard of four organization:Environmental protrction Agency, the organization ofwater, earth and weather preservation of Canada, management and planning organization ofiran and Iran department of Environment with Network analysis process (ANP) in superdecision software and expert opinion of expert and specialist was weighting, categorized andapplied on the current layers. checking the initial result showing that resulting model of ANPnot only select the landfill are but also, offer other areas Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Study of Rural Settlements in the zonning flood-golestan province based on scs Model
Mozhgan Nadiri Jamshid Jedari EyvaziNatural hazards as an important factor for the environmental planners. These hazards areexacerbated by the Human Performance, However, flooding is not exempt from thisphenomenon. In this article the influence of various factors to determine the risk areas.However one of MoreNatural hazards as an important factor for the environmental planners. These hazards areexacerbated by the Human Performance, However, flooding is not exempt from thisphenomenon. In this article the influence of various factors to determine the risk areas.However one of the factors leading flooding hazard, the development of rural areas in thesurrounding rivers and floodplains.so The zoning maps, flood risk in the management, Thishazard can be very effective And the authorities used in order to assist planning . In thisstudy , methods use statistical data, analysis of spatial data and the use of Satellite images forpreparation curve number in model scs With GIS technique.in the step use CN map andpreparation layer,zoning potential Similar runoff are determined In Based on the results of themodel About 48% of the floor without a runoff, and the runoff is low, 36% moderate and 16%runoff classes are too severe. The severity of flooding is concentrated in the southern half ofthe province.In this part of the study, the mapping of these factors in the GIS By analyzing inthe buffering and danger zones with varying intensities determined Finally, the mostvulnerable villages in the region in terms of the severity of these risks are prioritized.Suchstudies can provide useful guidelines for the identification and assessment of natural hazardsand priorities Settlements also provide risk managers and planners will be responsible in thisregard. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Feasibility Study of Cotton Cultivation in Joyom, Larestan Using Geographic Information System (GIS)
Marzieh Moghali Hasan HoushmandPeople from the pasts very far reached to the fact that they have to make a living and moving toward progress must attention to the elements of trade, agriculture and industry. In the centuries that followed this necessary to believe that among the three elements mentio MorePeople from the pasts very far reached to the fact that they have to make a living and moving toward progress must attention to the elements of trade, agriculture and industry. In the centuries that followed this necessary to believe that among the three elements mentioned, food production and agricultural have priority. The cotton plant as a basic and strategy product has long been attractive. This study investigated the feasibility study of cultivation in Joyom, Larestan, and the parameters of precipitation, temperature, relative humidity, water and soil is studied and analyzed. Then Using geographic information system (GIS) maps needed prepared and them has been analyzed. The results of this research suggest that the climate elements, planting dates and water quality can have the most important role in the cultivation of cotton in the Joyom city. The results show that the cultivation of cotton in Joyom is may 5 the start time and the crop November 11. The maps combination and overlapping due to the climatic and non-climatic factors show that the plain Joyom is area suitable for cotton cultivation. Requirements for cotton cultivation in this area is desirable or very close to favorable conditions. So with respect to the start time of planting and farmers' awareness of this issue, can increase the utilization of cotton in the region. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Investigation role of tectonics and lithology on slope instability, in the highlands north of Orumieh Lake, Using GIS (A case study of the north basin of water spreading schemes Tasuj)
Malek Rafiei Farideh Asadian Jamshid Yar AhmadiThis study was designed to investigate the role of tectonics and lithology of the major parameters affecting slope instability in the study area is examined. The study revealed that about 90% of the body surface elevations north basin sedimentary formations are composed MoreThis study was designed to investigate the role of tectonics and lithology of the major parameters affecting slope instability in the study area is examined. The study revealed that about 90% of the body surface elevations north basin sedimentary formations are composed of water spreading Tasuj. Performance of heavy tectonic especially to resistant and non-resistant, creating congestion fault-up (km2 / km) 2/2 with rule systems, Periglacial erosion, especially at altitude 1700 meters high makes up the physical degradation of rocks and receding cliff streams Banks typically isolated, drawn very widely in the region to form. To study aims to investigate the software Arc GIS and remote sensing data used and eventually plans to map geological tectonics and lithology and sensitivity of mass movements in the unstable range, the combination of combine the. The results show that the instability prevailing in the region, mainly debris slope range (Debris slide) and debris valley (Debris flow) and their dynamics have also mostly of natural origin, which are among the factors to be effective the role of tectonics and lithology, geological structure associated with susceptibility to type such important parameters affecting their pay. The results of quantitative analysis showed that the most unstable range (mass movement) due to faults in the region and formations susceptible to erosion has occurred. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Effect of land use and vegetation on erosion forms and sediment production (Case Study: Watershed Vers Qazvin province)
Mehrdad Esfandiari Abolfazl Moeini Rahele MoqadasiIn recent years, the interaction of land use change with soil erosion has become a major environmental concern and has a dramatic impact on soil erosion and sediment yield. In this research the impact of land use and vegetation on erosion forms and sediment production o MoreIn recent years, the interaction of land use change with soil erosion has become a major environmental concern and has a dramatic impact on soil erosion and sediment yield. In this research the impact of land use and vegetation on erosion forms and sediment production of the basin vers in Qazvin province was investigated using MPSIAC erosion model by Geographical Information System (GIS). The different forms of erosion (Surface, Rill, gully, bank, Stream) can be seen as moderate to severe in vers watershed. Amount of sediment for the whole of watershed was 7.1 ton per hectare per year and the amount erosion was 7.04 tons per hectare per year. Dryland farming with 2.14 (metric tons per hectare per year) has the greatest impact on erosion and sediment yield. In pasture (type 3) and dry farming have very high sediment yield and indicated the improper use of land. Sediment produced on pasture (Type 1) Less than a garden land use that reflects the positive impact of proper pasture vegetation in reducing the amount of erosion and deposition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Evaluation of different interpolation methods on daily rainfall estimation, Case study: Fars Province
علی اکبر Matkan علیرضا Shakiba آزاده YazdaniRainfall is one of the most important natural sources of water used by mankind foragricultural and industrial applications. Because of the difficulty of rainfall monitoring,which has high spatial and temporal variability, our knowledge of both the its synopticand climat MoreRainfall is one of the most important natural sources of water used by mankind foragricultural and industrial applications. Because of the difficulty of rainfall monitoring,which has high spatial and temporal variability, our knowledge of both the its synopticand climatological distribution over most of the country is not well known.Climatological investigations in Iran lack adequate meteorological observations tounderstand and interpret diverse climatic features. In the country as a whole, theground observation network is not dense enough to provide the detailed informationrequired, especially in rugged regions. Combined with this is the problem of pooraccessibility to the mountainous regions, which has resulted in the areal distribution ofrainfall being poorly known. In addition, the data collected by the existingmeteorological stations, with a few exceptions, are mostly discontinuous, nonhomogenousand short period observations. Such limited data sets, make it difficult toboth accurately delimit different climatic regimes across the country and identifysignificant departures from normal conditions, whereas many climatologicalapplications and investigations should ideally be based on the data collected at givenpoints over long periods and should have a good spatial and temporal coverage.Perhaps the most urgent problem facing rainfall measurement at the present time isdata collection - one of the most costly areas in meteorology and hydrology.In this paper, the central aim is to investigate the potential of GeographicalInformation System for monitoring Fars province’s rainfall with special reference toKriging and IDW (Inverse Distance Weighting), to describe pre-processingapproaches, including relative calibration, and to examine various techniques for bothrainfall monitoring.Analyses of the GIS techniques provided very useful information on both thespatial and temporal distributions of rainfall over regional space, although datacollected by Kriging technique showed more accurate than IDW technique. In order toexplore the appropriate method, the accuracy of the obtained results from differentmethods using RMS was examined. The results showed that among different usedkriging methods, the circular and exponential ordinary had lowest error. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - A Comparative Study on Urban Green Space Landscape Developments an Geomorphological Perspective in Shiraz City, Iran, from 1976 to 2014 using GIS/RS
Meysam Jamali E. Moghimi Z. JafarpourGreen spaces represent an indispensible role and specific significance in today’s urban life. The importance of green spaces is to such an extent that experts regard such spaces as the “lungs” of cities. Nowadays, remote assessment applications, such a MoreGreen spaces represent an indispensible role and specific significance in today’s urban life. The importance of green spaces is to such an extent that experts regard such spaces as the “lungs” of cities. Nowadays, remote assessment applications, such as satellite imagery, have become especially important. Of course, analyzing the changes via such applications demands frequently updated images. In the present study, GIS/RS technology was used to investigate geomorphological patterns of change in urban spaces in Shiraz city, Iran, within a 38-year statistical period (1976-2014). To conduct the research, a normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of Landsat satellite images (1, 8) and ETM+ and MSS sensors were processed in ENVI4.8. The maps of green space changes and the geomorphological perspective within the said period were prepared in GIS. Results revealed that the green space in Shiraz, within the period under study, was reduced more than 61.17%. The average of green space in the city was 57.11 m2 in 1976 which was reduced to 10 m2 in 2014. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The Survey of Drought Effects on Hamadan Planes Under Ground Water Resources Using Multivariate Statatistics and GIS Analysis
حسین Mohammadi A.A ShamsipoorWater Resources management require knowledge, applied methods and suitable policyin wet and drought periods.Climatic and Hydrological variables of running waters as independent variablehave been considered for determining Relationship with planes water table (dependentv MoreWater Resources management require knowledge, applied methods and suitable policyin wet and drought periods.Climatic and Hydrological variables of running waters as independent variablehave been considered for determining Relationship with planes water table (dependentvariable) in Hamadan planes water ground Resources for drought effect in monthlyscale during 1983-1999 years. The study method has been concentrated on multipleregression because of representing suitable result. As a result climatic and hydrologicabnormal effects show 42 percent water table deficits planes relationship betweenclimatic independents variables with decreasing severity. It was used GIS spatialability analytical for water table critical deficits assessment. It has been regionalizedthe water table deficits intensity planes, hence Bahar plane has the most deficitsintensity but the surrounding planes contact with heights have the most less amount. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Site Selection of Waste Water Treatment Plant using GIS and TOPSIS (Case Study: Qeshm Island)
Mahdi Fallah Manouchehr Farajzadeh Hassan Vagharfard Ali Nik kheslatToday there is a high demand for water, particularly in arid regions, which is attributed due tothe increasing world population with its agricultural and industrial activities from the one sideand, over the last few years, increasing drought from the other side.Thus it MoreToday there is a high demand for water, particularly in arid regions, which is attributed due tothe increasing world population with its agricultural and industrial activities from the one sideand, over the last few years, increasing drought from the other side.Thus it is a priority toinvestigate the proper site selection of a waste water treatment plant. In this study, locationsfor the waste water treatment plant for the city of Qeshm, Hormozgan Province wereinvestigated. Treatment plant operation requires a number of policies, regulations and data.The importance of the above mentioned factors are essential in consideration of site selection.Therefore, we considered the slope of the land, elevation difference with respect to Qeshm,land cover, land use, distance from town and additional data for this project. We gavedifferent weights to each data, according to AHP, and determined which slope received themost weight value. Following this process, we categorized the data into four classes accordingto the TOPSIS model. This model selects the shortest distance from the highest level of theclasses and the longest distance from the lowest class. The end result showed that the modelselected 109 km2 of Qeshm Island that would be a suitable area for creating a waste watertreatment plant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Choosing the best place for the purpose of the earth-fill Dam by using the ELECTRE (Case study: basin of watersheds is one Shahroud-bastam Basin)
Amir Hossein Halabian Alireza Arabameri Mahmoud SoltanianAbstract:The optimal management of water resources needs to learn exact and up to date, of how theconditions governing the resources and the status of their future forecasts. one of the methodsof management of water resources use methods of the multi criteria decision m MoreAbstract:The optimal management of water resources needs to learn exact and up to date, of how theconditions governing the resources and the status of their future forecasts. one of the methodsof management of water resources use methods of the multi criteria decision making. Thepurpose of this research to choose the best place for the purpose of the earth-fill dam found todevelop sustainable water resources. findings and the results of the research indicates that inELECTRE method and in between regions seven, regions (3, 4, 5) with 4 times thedomination and 2 times the defeated with (2) points in the first rank, and have been the mostappropriate levels for the earth-fill dam, in front of a large (1) with 6 times recessive andwithout fluency with (6) points in the final ranking and the direction of the earth-fill dam isnot appropriate and a large (2, 6, 7) respectively with (2, 2, 1) time mastery and (4, 4, 5) wasdefeated with rates (1-, 2-, 4-) in the next category. levels of (1, 2, 6, 7) due to the fact that thenumber of times the one in which the number of non-dominant one in which more andnegative points are earned should be deleted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Assessing urban seismic vulnerability(A case study of Ardabil City)
Aziz Donyadideh rasoul samadzadeh Ali PanahiIntroduction and Aim: Due to the devastating effects of earthquakes, it is essential to understand the potential risks and develop strategies to minimize their impact. The aim of this research is to analyze the vulnerability of Ardabil City in Iran to the risk of earthq MoreIntroduction and Aim: Due to the devastating effects of earthquakes, it is essential to understand the potential risks and develop strategies to minimize their impact. The aim of this research is to analyze the vulnerability of Ardabil City in Iran to the risk of earthquakes. The study focuses on the five regions of Ardabil City. Methodology: The research is applied and descriptive-analytical in methodology. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was utilized for data analysis, which weighs four criteria and 19 sub-criteria. The information layers in Arc GIS software were combined together to produce a map of vulnerable areas. Findings: The findings indicate that planning and land-use criteria are crucial factors in assessing the vulnerability of Ardabil City. The structural and natural criteria also play a role in the seismic vulnerability of the city. The study shows that the northern, northwestern, eastern, and central parts of Ardabil City are more vulnerable to the risk of earthquakes. Conversely, the southern part of the city is considered the most resistant. Conclusion: The results indicate that nearly 30% of urban spaces have moderate to high vulnerability to earthquake risk, while around 50% are exposed to high vulnerability. This suggests that the physical structure of these areas is not suitable to manage a crisis caused by seismic activity. In conclusion, this research presents valuable insights into the risk of earthquakes in Ardabil City. The findings can inform the development of mitigation strategies to reduce the impact of earthquakes and protect the local community. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Zoning of the 25-Year Flood for Use in Determining the Boundaries of the River’s Bed and Boundaries (Til River as Case Study)
Ramin Tabrizi Seyedeh Hoda Rahmati Reza Haji Seyed Mohammad Shirazi Mohammad Shahbazi BilehsavarBackground and Aim: One of the management measures that can play an important role in reducing flood damage is preparing a flood zoning map. The preparation, compilation, and having a comprehensive and complete plan in the field of flood controlling and determining the MoreBackground and Aim: One of the management measures that can play an important role in reducing flood damage is preparing a flood zoning map. The preparation, compilation, and having a comprehensive and complete plan in the field of flood controlling and determining the boundaries and bed of rivers is an obligatory and necessary matter that lead to flood management and damage assessment. In this research, for Til River and 2 branches of the tributaries entering this river, in order to determine the bed and the boundary, produce flood zoning map and obtain the quantitative boundary of the river by using the DLSRS standard, the HEC-RAS hydraulic model and Arc-GIS software with the HEC-GeoRAS connector plugin has been used.Method: First, the HEC-RAS input file was prepared by using the topographical map of the Til river area from Arc-GIS software and by using the HEC-GeoRAS extension, and after entering the geometric data and data of the processing flow and related calculations in the environment of this software for zoning. The flood took place.to determine the boundaries of the river beds and these waterways, floods with a return period of 25 years are used.Eventually, with the application of HEC-GeoRAS extension and Arc-GIS, flood zoning maps are extracted. Moreover, by using the DSLRS standard, the quantitative boundry of the Til River and tributaries 1 and 2 in the studied area are determined according to the field visits and appropriate engineering advice, and the numbers related to each index and finally the amount of quantitative boundry are calculated.Results: In accord with the extrcated maps and satellite images and according to the investigations and visits, the width of the hydraulic bed calculated is different from the bed width defined in the law due to many uncertainties. Therefore, at this stage of the studies, expert surveys should be conducted through step-by-step visits to both banks of rivers and waterways along the study area, and eventually, legal bed width should be recognized and marked on the maps.Conclusion: The results show that integration of HEC_RAS model and GIS geographic system is an efficient and useful tool in determining river floods. According to the investigations, the comparison of existing maps and land uses around the Til River and 2 sub-channels demonstrate that in the event of a flood with a return period of 25 years, it does not cause sever damage to the areas around the river. In accordance with DSLRS standard, qualitative boundary of Til River and sub-channels 1 and 2 in the study area are carried out with field visits and ultimately, the amount of boundry is calculated,As a result, the amount of the quantitative sanctuary of the Tail river in the scope of the study plan was calculated to be 8 meters and also the quantitative sanctuary of Mesil 1 and 2 was calculated to be 4 and 5 meters, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Investigation of Temporal – spatial variations of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in Tehran city Using GIS (2013-2020)
Maryam Ansari Mahmoud Ahmadi Gholamreza GoudarziBackground and Objective: Metropolis of Tehran is one of the most polluted cities in the world. The present study aims to analyze the temporal-spatial behavior of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in Tehran city. Material and Methodology: Thus, pollution- metric sta MoreBackground and Objective: Metropolis of Tehran is one of the most polluted cities in the world. The present study aims to analyze the temporal-spatial behavior of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in Tehran city. Material and Methodology: Thus, pollution- metric station data of Tehran Air Quality Control Company were used for evaluating the variations of air pollutants in temporal-spatial scales during 2013-2020. The results of statistical analysis of pollutant distribution in temporal-spatial scales were provided by using Arc GIS software and analytical function of inverse Distance Weighting interpolation (IDW) as maps, tables and graphs was demonstrated. Findings: Based on the results, particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) reached the minimum (65 and 23 µg/m3) and maximum concentration (81 and 30 µg/m3) at 18 and 24 p.m., respectively. In addition, maximum (81 and 30 µg/m3) and minimum concentration (73 and 23 µg/m3) of these pollutants was respectively related to Wednesday and Friday. Maximum seasonal concentration of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) relates to summer (90 µg/m3) and winter (35 µg/m3) respectively and the minimum seasonal concentration (65 and 24 µg/m3) of both pollutants relate to spring. The results of inverse Distance Weighting interpolation (IDW) indicated that west, south and central regions of Tehran in summer season involved with particulate matter (PM10) more than other regions. But in all seasons, except the western and southern regions, the central regions have a high concentration of particulate matter (PM2.5). Discussion and Conclusion: The particulate matter concentrations is more than its allowable limit in specific regions of Tehran in some yearly days and months. Therefore, city programmers and decision_ makers must have schedule table for particulate matter control management and air pollution reduction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Industrial Zoning with AHP & Weighted Overlay in Hamedan Province (Case Study: Petroleum Industry)
Behnam Sadeghi maryam kiyani مهرداد چراغیBackground and Objectives: Petrochemical Industry development and attention to environmental issues as well as the sustainable use of all means possible to locate the optimal area of land is one of the important issues in recent years, has been the focus of environmenta MoreBackground and Objectives: Petrochemical Industry development and attention to environmental issues as well as the sustainable use of all means possible to locate the optimal area of land is one of the important issues in recent years, has been the focus of environmental management. The present study aims to assess the area and zoning with the appropriate username and petrochemical industries, in order to plan and create a regional balance, according to the capabilities and environmental conditions suitable to locate the user's industry. Method of study: In this study, the ecological and Non-ecological parameters necessary for analysis, to weighting these factors using a hierarchical analysis process was action. Then The nineteenth-layer information (land use, slope, hydrology, aspect, elevation, climate, soil aggregation, soil depth, soil erosion, distance from the airport, away from the cities, away from the villages, away from roads and highways ,away from the dams and lagoons, away from protected areas, distance to industry, distance from fault, distance from the power lines, the distance from the gas and oil pipelines), in the GIS, the methodology, the weighted overlay was analyzed. Results: The results of this study, it suggests that the north and west Province (Kabudarahang, Famenin, Razan and Asadabad), In terms of ecological properties, the ratio has been better and should be the first priority planning. Discussion and conclusion: Therefore, if industrial development, budget and facilities are available at the optimum, can be used to plan for the future development of the industry in these cities act. The results of this research will help policy-makers and decision-makers so that they can be based on a more detailed plan. The results show that two AHP and Weighted overlay in the GIS in zoning of industry is capable performance that corresponded with research in other areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Ardabil Alluvial Plain Aquifer Vulnerability Zoning Using a Combination of GIS and DRASTIC Method
Hojatollah Mardan Bahman YargholiBackground and Objective: Groundwater resources are the second largest fresh water resources in the world and almost one third of the world population depend on these resources. These resources that are accessible through wells, canals and springs are utilized for diffe MoreBackground and Objective: Groundwater resources are the second largest fresh water resources in the world and almost one third of the world population depend on these resources. These resources that are accessible through wells, canals and springs are utilized for different uses and in return they receive ample amount of domestic, industrial and agricultural waste waters. Assessment of aquifer vulnerability is very useful in land uses management and development, groundwater quality monitoring and prevention of water resources pollution. Method: In current study, DRASTIC model in conjunction with GIS is used for zoning Ardabil plain vulnerability and aquifer quality data processing and analysis is performed accordingly by these tools. It also uses the measurement results of nitrate in groundwater, DRASTIC model is calibrated to the Ardabil plain. Findings: The results of the drastic model show that the vulnerability of the Ardabil plain aquifer is more in the moderate vulnerability group. According to the findings of this study, moderate vulnerability is 39.3%, low vulnerability is 32.4% and high vulnerability is 21.1%, very low vulnerability is 6% and very high vulnerability is 1.1%, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: The level of contaminations of Ardabil aquifer was observed to be high and the result of this research revealed that its potential to be polluted is high. Therefore, given the importance of the groundwater resources in the region, it is necessary to establish a management plan to optimize the usage of this valuable resource. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Monitoring Land Use Change Emphasizing Physical Urban Development of Tehran, Using Remote Sensing and GIS
fatemeh bokaeain Aliakbar Shamsipour Marzieh Alikhah AslBackground and Objective: Surveying urban land use and cover and process of its changes is one of the important subjects and challenges in land management field and urban sustainable development. Physical development of cities and spreading its range is one of the impor MoreBackground and Objective: Surveying urban land use and cover and process of its changes is one of the important subjects and challenges in land management field and urban sustainable development. Physical development of cities and spreading its range is one of the important factors in urban land use changes which have variety environmental, economic and social impacts. In several past decades, Tehran city has been encountered with urban growth and development and several around towns that the subject has caused variety changes in urban lands of Tehran and around area. Surveying and analyzing urban land changes in Tehran city could be useful in land use planning. In this research Tehran land use changes in the past few decades have been examined.Method: In this research, the changes are surveyed and detected by satellite images of 7 bands TM sensor of Landsat satellite from 1988 to 2010 and three time period 1988, 2000 and 2010. For this purpose, the images from TM sensor of satellite images related Tehran and around area have been used. Before preprocess states, the images have been classified based on urban lands classes including urban, agriculture, water, jungle, rangeland and bare land in ENVI software and analyzed based on image difference and comparing post classification methods.Results: Results show that in the period, urban lands has grown gradually and constantly and bare land also is increasing in a very low scale. Also rangeland has been decreased in past decade, but agriculture lands, in spite of decreasing than 1988, are faced increasing since 2000.Conclusion: In generally, because of developing industrial, military and tourism activities in around of the city, area of rangeland and agricultural lands is decreased and city area is increased which has different environmental and cultural impacts (mainly as negative impacts) in circumstance of the city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Design and Implementation an Ubiquitous GIS in Order to Energy Waste Management of Residential Buildings (Case Study: Shahriar -Shahedshahr)
Rasoul Mohammadi Abolghasem Sadeghi Niaraki Shahram baikpourBackground and Objective: Limited energy resources and the need to save on its consumption make energy optimization in the building sector necessary. In this regard, due to the lack of appropriate methods of design and development of new technologies to measure the ener MoreBackground and Objective: Limited energy resources and the need to save on its consumption make energy optimization in the building sector necessary. In this regard, due to the lack of appropriate methods of design and development of new technologies to measure the energy loss of the building is of particular importance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the energy dissipation of residential buildings by designing and using a practical example based on a comprehensive spatial information system.Method: A number of sample housing units with almost identical geometric and physical conditions were considered. In order to investigate the energy dissipation, an extensive energy management system was designed and developed, which includes the LM35 heat sensor, GPS sensor, and GSM board. The stages of this research include conceptual design of energy management system, data collection, information processing and preparation of waste maps in GIS environment. Software developed in mobile and computer environments was also used to display thermal information.Findings: To obtain the amount of energy dissipation of the windows of the studied buildings, kave heat transfer coefficient was applied to the measured data and the amount of energy dissipation of each section was calculated. The measurement results showed that the kitchens of the studied residential buildings with the values of 1.406 had the highest amount of loss.Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that most of the buildings under study are not optimal in terms of energy standards and energy resources are wasted from them. Also, one of the main sources of energy loss in residential buildings is windows, which have a low efficiency for energy conservation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Hazardous Waste Landfill Site Selection by MCDM and GIS (Case Study: Lorestan Provience)
Vali Chegini Maryam Kiani Sadr Mehrdad CheraghiBackground and Objective: Hazardous waste management is one of the most important issues of today. Failure to pay attention to proper planning and management can cause surface, groundwater, soil and air pollution on a large scale. On the other hand, more attention to en MoreBackground and Objective: Hazardous waste management is one of the most important issues of today. Failure to pay attention to proper planning and management can cause surface, groundwater, soil and air pollution on a large scale. On the other hand, more attention to environmental criteria in national macro-planning has led to the creation of a scientific attitude to bury hazardous waste by selecting suitable landfills for these materials, which lack of attention and observance of scientific and biological principles have polluted water, soil, air and endangered the health of humans and other living organisms. The purpose of this study is to locate hazardous waste landfills using multi-criteria decision making and GIS methods.Material and Methodology: In this research, using the Delphi method to determine the criteria and ANP, TOPSIS and GIS software, a suitable place for landfilling in Lorestan province (for which no landfill has been considered so far) has been specified.Findings: The area of the city of Azna, Aligudarz, Kuhdasht and Poldokhtar as the best place for special waste landfill in the province were introduced.Discussion and Conclusion: The results show that two TOPSIS and AHP in the GIS in locating many landfills is capable to perform that corresponded with research in other areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Object-oriented and web-based design based on citizen science to collect geospatial information on urban deterioration
Mohammad H. Vahidnia Seyed Mohammad Ebrahim MousaviBackground and Objective: Many cities in our country, including Tehran, are facing the phenomenon of obsolescence and inefficiency of urban neighborhoods. Such areas can have devastating environmental, economic, or social effects. In the current era, proper management o MoreBackground and Objective: Many cities in our country, including Tehran, are facing the phenomenon of obsolescence and inefficiency of urban neighborhoods. Such areas can have devastating environmental, economic, or social effects. In the current era, proper management of such urban spaces requires up-to-date and valid data. Due to the large size of outdated and inefficient neighborhoods, collecting and updating this amount of data by organizations is time-consuming and costly. Therefore, using the capacity of citizen participation is a good opportunity for city managers, which is the main purpose of this research. Material and Methodology: Citizen-centered GIS strategy has been introduced in recent years, and in many applications, enterprise location data acquisition has been replaced by volunteered geographic information (VGI). This research presents an object-oriented design for collecting spatial information about urban deterioration. Accordingly, a web-based implementation based on open-source components is on the agenda. Findings: With the help of the proposed solution, first, spatial information can be collected in a categorized and thematic manner. According to the definition of worn-out texture, ten different classes were considered in the object-oriented approach, which include undesirable paths, unsafe and old buildings, ruined and dirty lands, narrow access networks, and places for offenders and addicts. A web-based system was also implemented based on open-source frameworks such as Django and components such as GeoDjango, PostGIS, and OpenLayers. Discussion and Conclusion: Citizen science is a new approach to collecting spatial information on worn-out tissue. The result of the implementation of the method used is the rapid and low-cost provider of information and enhances the role of experts in municipalities and urban design organizations, mainly professional supervisors instead of data providers. Cost-benefit analysis showed that in a one-year period, this approach could lead to an approximate savings of 15%. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - The Impact of Urban Parks on PM10 Suspended Particles, Through Using GIS Software
majid Abbasspour Amir Hossein Javid Saeide SaeidiAbstract The goal of this article is to analyze the impact of green space and urban parks on reduction of PM10 suspended particles and compare the resulted figures with the surrounding areas. In this research Laleh Park and its surroundings were selected. Laleh park wit MoreAbstract The goal of this article is to analyze the impact of green space and urban parks on reduction of PM10 suspended particles and compare the resulted figures with the surrounding areas. In this research Laleh Park and its surroundings were selected. Laleh park with 35 hectares of land is located in district 6 of Tehran municipality limit .The park was developed 45 years ago and has performed as important asset in the district where served Tehran citizens by variety of uses such as recreational, sports, and amusement. For this purpose , long term studies were conducted and frequent visits made to project site ,where eventually 14 monitoring stations equipped with standard instruments were installed to take field samples of PM10 suspended particles ,twice daily (morning and evening ),for a period of one year. On the basis of these measurements, the average seasonal and annual PM10 suspended particles were compared with figures obtained from the surrounding city pollution monitoring stations. Also in this area, meteorological parameters such as temperature, humidity, speed and direction of wind were measured. Through using GIS software as a potential system, dispersion pattern of particles in the environment was analyzed. Continuing the process, software (matlab) was able to show the spectrum of dispersion pattern from park central square to maximum radius of 3000 meters. Finally, the positive correlation between presence of space and reduction of suspended particles in the environment is shown based on PM10 dispersion pattern graphs drawn through use of GIS software. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Examining the Mutual Effect between Urban Transportation (Subway, B.R.T) and Urban Density by GIS based on Land and Housing Indicators (Case study: Tehran, region 8)
Hadi Ashnaei Aliraza Gharagozlu Alireza Vafaee nejadBackground and purpose: Scattering the urban diverse applications and their compression intensity in level and height (density) are the determinant how to meet the citizens' needs, because, for using the urban facilities they are inevitable to move toward these applicat MoreBackground and purpose: Scattering the urban diverse applications and their compression intensity in level and height (density) are the determinant how to meet the citizens' needs, because, for using the urban facilities they are inevitable to move toward these applications. Subway and B.R.T are two mass public transportation systems with less traffic interference which transfer people within the territory of a city and also impose more expenses to city than other transportation systems, for practicing their infrastructures. Since more intensity of applications leads to more effective transportation systems, in contrary, and more efficient transportation system leads to more residential and activities growth around this system, thus, these two entities must be studied, designed and exercised coordinated. Methods: Due to the existence of both transportation systems in Tehran, Tehran pars, region 8, this case study was done there, also, for more precise identification of the relation between public transportation system (subway and B.R.T.) and density of various applications and by virtue of its location's nature, geographical information system and Arc GIS software were used. 153 urban blocks were analyzed statistically in this area by OLS in ARC GIS by the significance level of 0.05. In this analysis, each dependent variable, difference during implementation of the system and difference between eligible and inaccessible blocks to the system, the method is used in this study (Diff-Diff). Findings: The result shows the increase in annual rate of residential density, number of floors and population density under the impact of subway, includes 0.05%, 0.072 floor and 0.001 person per square meter, respectively, also it shows the increase on the number of floors indicator by -0.05 floor within the area of BRT stations. Discassion and Conclusion: Relation between subway and urban density is significant but relation between B.R.T and urban density is not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Landfill locate in Bukan by Boolean logic and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Mostafa Mirabadi Ali Hussein AbdiBackground and Objective: Population growth, industrial development and increase in quality and quantity of consumer products has led to the increase of waste generated. According to Department of Municipal Utilities of Bukan an average of 189 tons of waste is generated MoreBackground and Objective: Population growth, industrial development and increase in quality and quantity of consumer products has led to the increase of waste generated. According to Department of Municipal Utilities of Bukan an average of 189 tons of waste is generated daily, that means per capita waste generation is about 640 to 820 grams per day, which is slightly higher than the country average (the equivalent of 600 to 800 grams per day).Therefore the selection of a municipal waste landfill is one of the most important steps and goals in management of municipal solid waste of Bukan. Method: This study is analytical-descriptive, therefore by full recognition of locating criteria such as communicational lines, distance between rural and urban areas, surface waters privacy, distance from fault, land usage, slope and the direction of slope which play critical rule in selecting the waste landfill site and utilizing Boolean Logic and weighting of layers using AHP model in GIS software, the best location for landfill waste is selected based on mentioned criteria. Findings: Results obtained from the poll of experts in the AHP model has showed that Hydrology criterion with a weight of 0/235 as the most important and land use with a weigh of 0/023 as the least important one have been known. Also after extracting the information layers of criteria from the maps and prioritizing locating ranges in 5 classes, it has been found that there are notable zones to landfill waste in the city of Bokan which ultimately a zone with the area of 138 Hectares is chosen. The selected are is located between Bokan and Simineh and to the south of Kani Shaqaq village. Discussion and Conclusion: Generally, considering the results of the presented research, it can be said that prioritised ranges for positioning can be determined by combining the Boolean logic method and AHP model, acceptably. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Fundamental of Spatial Data Modelling for 3D GIS
Sepideh Saeidi Marjan MohammadzadehVisualization technologies are powerful tools for communicating the scientific outcomes of environmental planning models between the researchers and public participants. A common problem of landscape and environmental planning is that projects are rarely presented in a MoreVisualization technologies are powerful tools for communicating the scientific outcomes of environmental planning models between the researchers and public participants. A common problem of landscape and environmental planning is that projects are rarely presented in a coherent and stimulating manner. Laypersons are usually overwhelmed by abstract, graphically sparse mapping and are unable to translate this information into landscape images. One of the solutions of this problem is benefit from improvements of 3D visualization technologies. Recently Integration of GIS and three-dimensional visualization technology has been introduced in urban planning and landscape design, so this paper attempts to explain some of the principles and basic concepts in this regard. This paper is generally presented in two parts: the first part expresses the importance of 3D visualization of spatial data and compares different capabilities of 3D making in CAD and GIS softwares, and it has also been referred to some of the problems and solutions of developing 3D GIS softwares. In the second part, some of the three-dimensional systems are introduced and explained. This represented paper is trying to reveal the power of 3D GIS in creating interaction between planners, managers and the general audience Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - بررسی مکان گزینی پایگاههای مدیریت بحران منطقه 11 شهرداری تهران
محمد رضا زند مقدم -
Open Access Article
29 - Prioritizing tourism destination infrastructure of Kermanshah province with the GIS and SAW technique
Hossein Mousazadeh Parisa Mohammadpour Mehdi Khodadad Ebrahim Moammeri -
Open Access Article
30 - Using a hybrid model of 3D GIS and meta-heuristic methods for optimizing tree shade coverage
Mohsen Ghods Hossein Aghamohammadi Zanjirabad Alireza Vafaeinezhad Saeed Behzadi Alireza GharagozloBackground and ObjectiveA method to reduce the absorption of solar radiation and prevent the creation of urban heat islands is to increase shade by vegetation. A shadow creating on buildings, causes houses to cool down, reduces energy consumption and costs, increases th MoreBackground and ObjectiveA method to reduce the absorption of solar radiation and prevent the creation of urban heat islands is to increase shade by vegetation. A shadow creating on buildings, causes houses to cool down, reduces energy consumption and costs, increases the value of houses, and creates a proper visual effect and a sense of well-being and vitality. Although economically, the amount of savings due to shade and cooling of the air for a tree during its lifetime in different climatic regions is different and depends on the type of tree, the amount of shade during the day and in different seasons of the year, but its effect on energy savings and costs are definite. The subject of the present study is strategic planning to increase the shade coverage of trees in urban residential areas. A simple way to create plenty of shade is to plant numerous trees around buildings. However, this method is impractical in many areas that face water shortages due to its high costs. In addition, the presence of additional shadows on the rooftop of the buildings will reduce the ability to be exposed to sunlight and the potential of using solar panels to generate electricity. So the main challenge is using a method that can provide maximum shade coverage on the facade surface and minimum shadow coverage on the rooftop with a few trees in optimal locations. The issue of locating trees with the aim of optimizing shade coverage, i.e. maximizing shade coverage on facades and opening components, and minimizing shadow coverage on the rooftop, is a Non-deterministic Polynomial hard (NP-hard) problem and has no exact solution. Therefore, the 3D Geographic Information System and the Ant Colony Optimization algorithm have been used for this purpose. Previous studies have often examined the effects of tree canopy shade on a single building. But in most cities in Iran, buildings are connected together and form a building block. So, instead of a single building, a building block is examined. In addition, in most previous studies, the effect of shade coverage of a maximum of two trees on the building has been investigated; while in this study, we examine the effect of shade coverage of 15 trees on the building block. None of the studies on optimizing the shade of trees on the facade of the building has used the meta-heuristic optimization methods and its combination with GIS. In this study, a hybrid model of GIS in a three-dimensional environment and ACO is used for maximizing the shade of trees on the facade and opening components of buildings, and minimizing the shade of trees on the rooftop.Materials and Methods Two types of data are required to perform the analysis; The building block properties, for example, dimensions, position, and size of the facade, rooftop, and opening components, and the tree properties (height and position). 3D GIS and ACO algorithms have been used to model tree shade coverage optimization. 3D GIS provides abilities for storing, analyzing, and creating 3D topologies, and ACO is used to summarize real-world conditions in a mathematical problem. GIS and trigonometric rules have been used to store geographical information and spatial topology. After storing the position, composition, and description information of 2D and 3D objects by topological data, Duffie and Beckman relations (2013) is used to extract the position of the shadow. Then, according to Church and Revelle, the Maximal Covering Location Problem (MCLP) is defined. For the following 3 reasons, ACO has been used for three-dimensional optimization; 1) The complex trigonometric rules in calculating the shadow coverage on buildings, 2) There is no deterministic solution for optimization problems because of nonlinear constraints including trigonometric functions, 3) The existence of continuous space around the building block that It is possible to place a tree in any position. The details of the steps are; 1) Define the set of possible locations for the tree based on the height, diameter of the canopy, and around space of the building block, 2) Use a method to place the first tree in all possible places around the building block during hot hours on certain days of the summer and calculate the maximum shade coverage on the building block based on the weight of the building components, 3) Remove the places that may be done in the tree canopy to prevent overlapping of tree canopies, 4) Repeat steps 2 and 3 to place the next trees in the possible places around the building block until the number of trees reaches the desired number of trees to create shade. Considering the infinite possible positions, a simplification step is required to limit the number of available positions. Therefore, the constant space is reduced to possible positions for locating Ni trees with two-meter spacing in the N-S and E-W directions. Further, the possible tree positions in front of the opening components are eliminated to make daylight available, have an outlook from the building, and comment through the doors. The minimum spacing of two meters between the trees and the building is set to prevent unnecessary shading on the rooftop.Results and Discussion MATLAB environment is used to optimize the shade coverage of trees using the ACO algorithm. For this purpose, properties of the buildings block such as length, width, height, are modeled in a struct in MATLAB. This struct has separate matrices for the north, east, south, and west views of the building block. Another matrix is also used to model the rooftop. Each element of the mentioned matrices is equal to 10× 10 cm from the surface of the building block and has a value of zero. To model the dimensions and location of doors and windows in each facade, another struct includes separate matrices for each facade is used. In these matrices, the amount of elements in the location of doors and windows is one. The characteristics of the sun in the study area are used, including azimuth and altitude of the sun on the studied days in 15-minute intervals from 9 to 15 hours. The shadow is created on building components, by placing the tree in any of the possible locations, and movement of the sun. The elements of the matrices equivalent to the shaded building components change from zero to one. The sum of the values of the matrix elements determines the amount of shadow created by the tree on each component of the building. The sum of the point multiplication of the door/window matrix elements in the facade matrix elements determines the amount of shadow created on the doors/windows. The objective function is defined and the ACO algorithm is used to maximize the shadow coverage of trees on the facade, doors/windows, and minimize the shadow coverage on the rooftop. The results of the ACO show that the optimal shade coverage on the buildings block, which creates the most shade on the facade and doors and windows and the least shade on the roof, depends on the number of trees and the position of the doors and windows in buildings block. In general, as the number of trees increases, the amount of shadow created on the building block components increases.Conclusion The results of the ACO showed that for buildings, in the northern hemisphere, the trees in the north of the buildings have no effect on casting shadows on the components of the building. Due to the fact that in arid and tropical regions there are restrictions on planting trees, finding a suitable position for trees plays an important role in optimizing the shade coverage. Due to the high heat transfer through the doors and windows compared to the facade and rooftop, the higher weight is considered for these components in the objective function. Finding the optimal position of the trees depends a lot on the position of the doors and windows in the building to create the most shadow on these components. For a buildings block with the number and dimensions of buildings assumed in the research and according to the dimensions and position of doors and windows, planting a tree in one of the positions K10, K16, K22, or K28 creates the most optimal shade. These positions are 2 meters from south of the buildings and in the middle of two windows. On average, this tree provides 7.48, 9.22, and 0.85% shade respectively on the facade, doors /windows, and rooftop from 9 to 15 o'clock in four days studied. In the case of planting two trees, two positions from positions K10, K16, K22, or K28 still provide the optimal shade. On average, these two trees provide 13.88%, 18.64%, and 1.69% of shade respectively on the whole facade, doors /windows, and rooftop at 9:00 AM to 3:00 PM. In the case of three trees, positions K8, K18, and K22, in the case of four trees, positions K14, K20, K26, and K32, in the case of five trees, positions K8, K14, K20, K26, and K32 create the optimal shadow. Shading coverage in the case of three trees, is 21.07, 28.54, and 2.54%, respectively on the facade, doors/windows, and rooftop, in the case of four trees, is 24.96, 35.36 and 3.39% respectively on the façade, doors/windows, and rooftop and in the case of five trees is 33.26, 44.70 and 3.95% respectively on the facade, doors/windows, and rooftop. By planting five trees, more than 88% of the south façade and more than 90% of the south façade doors/windows of the building will be covered with shade. However, due to the goal of optimizing the shadow on the building and the greater weight of the doors and windows, the ACO has optimized the position of the trees in such a way that more surfaces of the doors and windows are exposed to the shadows. Due to the fact that in the case of five trees, 90% of the southern facade is in the shade of trees, in the case of six trees, in addition to the southern facade, the eastern and western facades are also considered for planting trees. So that the positions K8, K14, K20, and K30 are chosen in the distance of 2 meters from the south and the position of H2 is chosen in the distance f 2 meters from the west, and the position of H36 is chosen in the distance of 2 meters from the east. On average, these trees provide 33.95%, 42.29%, and 3.64% shade respectively on the facade, doors/windows, and rooftop. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Identification of karst areas using Remote sensing and GIS method and its expansion in Zalem-Rud sub-basin of Sari in Mazandaran, Iran
Mohammad Ali Gholi Nataj Malekshah Davood Jahani Seyed Ramzan Mousavi Nader Kohansal Ghadimvand Seyed Hamid VaziriBackground and Objective Karst is a composite image of all the roughness, shapes, pores, and phenomena caused by water corrosion, above and below the surface, in various soluble geological formations, which cover about 15% of the world's exposed rocks. Despite the impor MoreBackground and Objective Karst is a composite image of all the roughness, shapes, pores, and phenomena caused by water corrosion, above and below the surface, in various soluble geological formations, which cover about 15% of the world's exposed rocks. Despite the importance of karst areas in the past, today, the study, identification, spatial analysis and management of these areas are of very interest to geologists, hydrologists, hydrogeologists, eco-tourists, geotourists and environmentalists at various scales. Karst phenomenon also has a special place in various dimensions from the point of view of geology and geomorphology, because the causes and methods of dissolution processes and forms and their extension in rocks and minerals are of great importance to East Mazandaran, especially in the study area, is geologically one of the areas with karst process potential and has been less studied due to environmental conditions, especially vegetation and access roads. This study is focused on identifying karst areas and their extent using RS and GIS method in the Zalem-Rud Sari basin in Mazandaran province in northern Iran. In order to identify karst areas and physicochemical characteristics of existing aquifers, it was first necessary to identify karst areas and then assess their physicochemical status. In the first step, using Landsat, ASTER and SRTM satellite data, geological maps, weather information and field visits, factors affecting karstification such as rock types, Fracture lineaments, vegetation, climate, condition of the drainages and the slope of the topography are extracted. It should be noted that in this step, to obtain a better result, fuzzy logic and Hierarchical Analysis Process have been used. In the second step, in order to investigate the physicochemical condition of the aquifer, the chemical parameters of some springs are analyzed and the dissolution parameters, saturation indices, the origin of water-soluble components and the general flow system in the existing aquifers are determined.Materials and Methods In this study, the composition and distribution of rock, based on field visits and georeferenced geological maps of one hundred thousandths of Behshahr and Sari, have been done. Three methods of manual, automatic and semi-automatic have been used to extract the lineaments due to fractures. In the manual method, the lineaments are highlighted and extracted by applying High Pass filters, PCA and the color combination of Landsat 8 satellite data. In the automatic method, the Segment Tracing Algorithm (STA) in PCI software is used. In the STA algorithm, linear pixels are identified based on the degree of gray difference and then converted to vectors based on RADI, GTHR, LTHR, FTHR, ATHR and DTHR parameters. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was used to detect and extract vegetation status on OLI sensor data from the Landsat 8 satellite. To generate DEM, photogrammetric techniques were performed on a pair of stereo images of ASTER sensor in Idrisi software based on parametric variables of external and external orientations and ground control points (GCPs). The topographic slope of the area has been calculated by DEM and based on the degree in GIS and its map has been prepared. Based on the weather data of the General Meteorological Department of Mazandaran Province, the weather condition is determined by the isothermal, isohyetal and isoevaporation curves and the type of weather is determined by the De Marton method.Results and Discussion The result of the above activities has been the production of lithological maps, density and distance from fracture lineaments, density and distance from drainages, topographic slope, rainfall and vegetation. Due to the different criteria used in the generated maps and the need for a single, comparable and proportionate criteria for combining information layers, fuzzy logic has been used. In this case, all layers, except lithology, which has a definite boundary and is a function of Boolean logic, are fuzzy and then extracted as fuzzy layers in GIS. On the other hand, because the weight and effectiveness of the eight factors affecting the occurrence of the karst phenomenon are not the same, the Hierarchical Analysis (AHP) method has been used to determine the preference and prioritization of these factors. And the participation rate, in other words, the weight of each criterion with an incompatibility coefficient of less than one percent has been calculated in Expert Choice 12 software. Finally, by the weighted linear combination (WLC) method, fuzzy raster layers based on their effective weight are combined with Compromise Operator or Gamma and the karst distribution map is extracted with different probability coefficients in the study area. In the next step, in order to investigate the physicochemical status of the aquifers and evaluate the karst phenomenon, 18 springs with equal flow and more than three litres per second were selected and evaluated using SPPS, RockWorks2016 and PHREEQC2.6 software. In addition to extracting hydrogeochemical tables and graphs, the saturation index of various minerals has also been calculated.Conclusion The results of this study show that the karst phenomenon has the most spread in the central part and the lineaments resulting from fractures have played the most role in the formation of this phenomenon. The water type of these springs is calcium-magnesium bicarbonate and according to the Gibbs diagram, the role of aquifer rocks in determining the chemical composition of water is very clear. Also, the saturation indices of minerals and the type of flow in groundwater reservoirs are diffuse and diffuse-duct flows. To this research, the use of new remote sensing technology and GIS increases accuracy and speed and reduces costs in karst studies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - پیش بینی چگونگی حرکت رطوبت و تجمع نیترات در خاک با استفاده از مدل NLEAP
بابک سیفی امید بهمنیرابطه بین تجمع نیترات در خاک و غلظت آن در آب­های زیرزمینی و در سیستم­های مختلف گیاهی هنوز به­طور کامل شناخته نشده است، اما نشان­دهنده این موضوع است که همبستگی زیادی بین شستشوی نیترات و فاکتورهای محیطی و مدیریتی وجود دارد. در این تحقیق به منظور شبیه­س Moreرابطه بین تجمع نیترات در خاک و غلظت آن در آب­های زیرزمینی و در سیستم­های مختلف گیاهی هنوز به­طور کامل شناخته نشده است، اما نشان­دهنده این موضوع است که همبستگی زیادی بین شستشوی نیترات و فاکتورهای محیطی و مدیریتی وجود دارد. در این تحقیق به منظور شبیه­سازی حرکت نیترات در نیمرخ خاک و تلفات گاز نیتروژن در منطقه توسعه ریشه­ها از مدل NLEAP GIS4.2 استفاده شد. مدل NLEAP GIS 4.2 نسخه جدید و توسعه یافته NLEAP می­باشد که به منظور مدل کردن نیتروژن در خاک­های مختلف به کار می­رود. داده­های مورد استفاده مربوط به مزرعه ARC2-14 از اراضی تحقیقاتی نیشکر در واحد امیر کبیر و تیمارهای اعمال شده شامل آبیاری کامل (I3) و 85 درصد (I2) و 70 درصد(II) از آبیاری کامل و مقادیر کود ازته شامل 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار (N1)، 250 کیلوگرم در هکتار (N2) و 350 کیلوگرم در هکتار (N3) کود اوره می­باشد. مقادیر اندازه­گیری شده غلظت نیترات در پروفیل خاک و مقادیر پیش­بینی شده در طول دوره تحقیق مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد مدل NLEAP GIS 4.2 غلظت نیترات خاک را با روالی منطقی پیش­بینی کرده است. هم­چنین دامنه تغییرات پارامترهای AE، RMSE و R2 برای برآورد غلظت نیترات در نیمرخ خاک به ترتیب در بازه­های 4/1- تا 3/2، 7/1- تا 3 و 3/0 تا 99/0 به­دست آمد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - ارزیابی رسوبگذاری در مخزن سد مسجد سلیمان با مدل ریاضی GSTARS-3
رضا تاج مهر هوشنگ حسونی زاده سمانه عبدویسانتقال و انباشت رسوبات در سدهای مخزنی باعث تقلیل حجم و عمر مفید مخازن ذخیره آب می شود. هدف از این مقاله بررسی میزان اثر پارامترهای موثر در مدل رسوب گذاری وپیش بینی میزان رسوب در مخزن سد مسجد سلیمان می باشد. لذا از مدل شبه دو بعدی Gstarsاستفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که م Moreانتقال و انباشت رسوبات در سدهای مخزنی باعث تقلیل حجم و عمر مفید مخازن ذخیره آب می شود. هدف از این مقاله بررسی میزان اثر پارامترهای موثر در مدل رسوب گذاری وپیش بینی میزان رسوب در مخزن سد مسجد سلیمان می باشد. لذا از مدل شبه دو بعدی Gstarsاستفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که مدل نسبت به پارامتر الگوی ترسیب و معادله انتقال رسوب بیشترین حساسیت را نشان می­ دهد. همچنین کالیبراسیون مدل با استفاده از آمار سیلاب­ های لحظه­ای دارای حساسیت کمتری نسبت به آمار روزانه می ­باشد. میزان خطای قابل اغماض میان مقادیر مشاهده ای و نتایج محاسبه ها دو درصد بود که نشان دهنده آنست که مدل ریاضی Gstarsجهت استفاده در تخمین میزان و نحوه توزیع رسوب مناسب است. در نهایت کاهش حجم سالیانه مخزن 6/1 درصد برآورد شد که مقدار مشاهده ای آن برابر 1/1 درصد است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - برآورد بارش رواناب و تهیه نقشههای کاربری اراضی و سطوح کشاورزی با استفاده از فن آوری سنجش از دور در حوضه آبریز رود زرد در استان خوزستان
رحیم آورند حسن ترابی پوده امروزه فن آوری سنجش از دور، در تمام زمینههای علمی و اطلاع رسانی در دنیا مورد استفاده است و نتایج بسیار رضایت بخشی داده است. در این تحقیق با بکار گیری فن آوری سنجش از دور و استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره ای، ضریب شماره منحنی با دقت بالایی برآورد شد ودبی پی More امروزه فن آوری سنجش از دور، در تمام زمینههای علمی و اطلاع رسانی در دنیا مورد استفاده است و نتایج بسیار رضایت بخشی داده است. در این تحقیق با بکار گیری فن آوری سنجش از دور و استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره ای، ضریب شماره منحنی با دقت بالایی برآورد شد ودبی پیک سیلاب، با دقت خوبی محاسبه گردید.در این مطالعه از جهت تاثیر تغییرات کاربری اراضی روی دادههای یک واقعه تاریخی، برای تصمیم گیری و ارزیابی تغییرات دوره بلند مدت کاربری اراضی حوضه نیز استفاده شده است. اندازه گیریهای بارش و جریان روزانه هم زمان، نشان داد که تغییرات کاربری اراضی، بر روی رابطه بارش- رواناب، در حوضه رودخانه مذکور تاثیر دارد. ولی به دلیل اینکه تصاویر ماهواره ای (به غیر از دو دوره 1990 و 2002 ) در دورههای زمانی مختلف، موجود نبود، نتایج ارزیابی تغییرات کاربری اراضی و تاثیر آن بر نتایج رابطه بارش- رواناب، نشان داده نشده است. در این مطالعه سیمای کلی حوضه، از سال 1990 تا 2002 تغییرات محسوسی نداشته است. نتایج، نشان داد که سنجش از دور و تکنولوژی GIS، برای تجزیه و تحلیل توزیع عمق رواناب، زیر حوضههای مورد مطالعه، مناسب می باشد. این فن آوری برای پیش بینی رواناب در آبخیزداری و منابع آب، می تواند مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Site selection of Optimum Positions of CNG Fuel Supply Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) In Line With Sustainable Urban Development Policy (Case Study: Ahvaz City)
Parisa Shabani Soolmaz DashtiUrban growth and urban development have created many problems for cities, and Site selection of urban services can be effective in regulating the functioning of cities in large measure. The network of fuel stations is a municipal service, which acts as a fuel supplier t MoreUrban growth and urban development have created many problems for cities, and Site selection of urban services can be effective in regulating the functioning of cities in large measure. The network of fuel stations is a municipal service, which acts as a fuel supplier to the urban transport sector and in turn is important for traffic considerations, urbanization, safety and environmental issues. In this study, at first, 18 criteria in three socio-economic, physical, technical and operational environments were selected as effective criteria. Then the spatial data became standard in the GIS environment and turned into new information layers. Each of the criteria and sub-criteria were weighed in terms of their importance in site selection of optimum positions of CNG fuel supply through the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) process, and after integrating the weighted layers, the map of the optimum location areas for CNG fuel was produced. According to the results 48.58% of the area, it has the potential to build the CNG fuel supply location. Also, of the 8 CNG and dual fuel stations in Ahvaz, only 2 stations with suitable conditions are located in the north of zone 2. 3 stations in completely inappropriate areas, 2 stations in inappropriate areas and 2 positions in the middle areas. As a result, it can be argued that Ahvaz has a high potential for building Fuel station, but with a lack of site selection of CNG fuel, which can be solved with proper management and appropriate allocation of funds for the implementation of site selection design projects for CNG fuel and it is possible to take steps in the direction of rural sustainable development policy Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Identification of feeding and drainage areas of Qorveh plain aquifer using geographic information system (GIS)
Amir Zareei Azadeh Nekouei Esfahani Ebrahim Norouzi Vahid Kakapour Sirvan ZareeiWater resources management, especially groundwater, is particularly important in arid and semi-arid regions. Various natural and anthropogenic factors, especially in recent decades, have caused critical conditions and groundwater levels in most parts of the country, inc MoreWater resources management, especially groundwater, is particularly important in arid and semi-arid regions. Various natural and anthropogenic factors, especially in recent decades, have caused critical conditions and groundwater levels in most parts of the country, including Kurdistan province. Therefore, the study of groundwater level drop in Qorveh plain, which is one of the most essential and most extensive plains in the area, is of great interest. It placed. To carry out this study, the statistics of 28 observation wells over two 5-year periods (88-88 and 88-92) studied. Initially, statistical data were collected, and after data entry into Geographic Information System (GIS), interpolation methods, maps of co-potential lines, and groundwater loss zoning prepared. Water level hydrographs also plotted in the Excel software environment. The results obtained from the overlap maps showed that the highest groundwater level in the second 5 years in the western part of the aquifer was 5.75 meters and in the first five years in the eastern parts was 2.15 meters. Groundwater level hydrographs show that during the ten years, the water level in the Qorveh plain was 10.84 meters, which averaged 1.08 meters per year. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - The Introduce of Indices to Predict Geology Unites Susceptibility to Coseismic Landslides; Manjil Earthquake as a Case study
M.A RajabiThe analysis of distribution and characteristics of landslides triggered by earthquakes is important tounderstand the areas may be susceptible to landsliding in the next earthquakes. One of the mostsignificant effects of the Manjil earthquake (M=7/7, 20/6/1990) was trig MoreThe analysis of distribution and characteristics of landslides triggered by earthquakes is important tounderstand the areas may be susceptible to landsliding in the next earthquakes. One of the mostsignificant effects of the Manjil earthquake (M=7/7, 20/6/1990) was triggering landslides over anextensive area. In this study; the factors of these landslides such as slope, slope aspect, elevation,lithological unites and Arias intensity were investigated using GIS in an area close to the earthquakeepicenter. In the next step, two indices called Susceptibility Index (SI) and Frequency Index (FI)presented to predict the location of future earthquake-induced landslides. Finally, landslidessusceptibility in the study area has been rated based on these indices. The output of this study can beused to predict landslide susceptible areas in the future earthquakes and to distinguish hazard zones inthe overall study area. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - The investigative of Kuh-e-siah anticline potential in abundance of water resources by using GIS in Dehdasht area
Khodarahm Shafiei MotlaghKoh-e- Siah anticline is located at 20 km NE of Dehdasht city. The studied area is very important from aspect ofwater resources in Kohgilooye & Boerahmad province. So the karstic resources as a strategic resource is noticedthe government’s s province. Structur MoreKoh-e- Siah anticline is located at 20 km NE of Dehdasht city. The studied area is very important from aspect ofwater resources in Kohgilooye & Boerahmad province. So the karstic resources as a strategic resource is noticedthe government’s s province. Structural elements such as, faults, joints, folds and bedding patterns play animportant role in the karstification and development of Karst water resource. In this research emphasis is givento investigating whether structural elements and topographic factors, mapped using remote sensing, aerial photointerpretation and derived from the geologic map can be correlated with hydrologic phenomena. With thisassumption, various types of thematic layers have been prepared and integrated in a GIS environment due to thegood correlation between above mentioned factors and hydrologic phenomena it was concluded that tectonicelements have a positive influence on the groundwater occurrence and they act as transmission routs in thelimestone bodies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Analyzing online participatory planning with a sustainable development approach in Shahinshahr city
Mahdi Fadaei Sayyed Ali Almodaresi Amir Kandomkar Maliheh ZakeriyanThe purpose of this research is to analyze participatory planning on the web with a sustainable development approach in the city of Shahin Shahr. In the present research, first the raw layers of Shahinshahr map including regions, districts and urban blocks were prepared MoreThe purpose of this research is to analyze participatory planning on the web with a sustainable development approach in the city of Shahin Shahr. In the present research, first the raw layers of Shahinshahr map including regions, districts and urban blocks were prepared from the municipality. In this research, the statistical population is those who have the most connections with urban areas. Based on this and according to the opinion of experts and district managers, trustees who live in Shahin Shahr city and their number is 70 were selected. Then, the address of the place of residence of these people was placed on the city map in Arc GIS software and its various factors were checked. The purpose of writing this research, which is survey and applied, is to analyze the relationship between age, gender, education level, occupation and the suggestions of trustees with the municipality. In the end, it was found that the spatial distribution of the residences of trustees participating in urban programs is not uniform and on the other hand, there is a dependency between the age, gender, level of education and the place of residence of the trustees with the level of their cooperation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - A Heuristic Model for SQL Injection Attacks Prevention in GIS Web Application
Mohammad Ali Arasteh Fahimeh ParsaeiBy increasing the development of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) providing electronic map data exchange with internet and mobile applications, related problems such as keeping secure map information, safe transactions, and assured broadcast services are necessary MoreBy increasing the development of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) providing electronic map data exchange with internet and mobile applications, related problems such as keeping secure map information, safe transactions, and assured broadcast services are necessary. Every year millions of attacks on financial and data information will be caused a series of problems in the world. One of the most critical attacks on the application level is SQL injection into the Web database. This paper tried to present a model for preventing SQL injection into GIS applications, which leads to fetching and manipulating the map information and data from a database. It also provides solutions for IT managers to keep the GIS website secure. The model security steps were tested on one of the GIS portals of Iranian organizations. To evaluate the performance of the proposed model, the security of an Iranian web GIS was checked before and after the announcement of the instructions, and the test results of the vulnerability checking with Acunetix and DVWA. The result showed that the website was completely safe and the model’s instructions for various stakeholders, including programmers, administrators, and GIS experts can significantly prevent this attack. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Development of a web-based group spatial decision support system for the site selection of a new shopping center
Abbas Safari Mohammad Hassan Vahidnia Hossein AghamohammadiChoosing the right place to build a new shopping center is a multi-criteria decision-making problem that involves different people and opinions. In this research, geographic information systems (GIS) and multi-criteria decision-making models have been used to perform so MoreChoosing the right place to build a new shopping center is a multi-criteria decision-making problem that involves different people and opinions. In this research, geographic information systems (GIS) and multi-criteria decision-making models have been used to perform some stages of spatial analysis, and then the development of a group decision support system for aggregating and selecting the final alternative has been discussed. A two-step method was proposed in this research to create limited decision-making options. In the first stage, creating standard criteria maps including five items with spatial analysis and normalization was done in ArcGIS software. According to the studies, the weight of each criterion was determined and the weighted overlapping of the layers was done. After applying the limiting options, six areas were determined to perform web-based location selection. In the second stage, a group spatial decision support system was developed. Using Visual Studio environment and C# programming language and .NET technology, a website was designed for the participation of experts in this field. In the architecture of this system, ASPMap technology, including a set of controls and map components, and location-based tools, was embedded on the server side of the program. User weighting of the criteria was done in the forms designed by Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). With the help of stored procedures in a SQL Server database, the average value of each of the selected points is calculated online based on the opinions of the group. Finally, the point that had the highest value in the average of the opinions of different users was introduced as the best place to build a shopping center. The research results showed that the proposed method has high flexibility, speed, and ease in applying group opinions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - An Analysis of Settlement Patterns of Kura-Araxes Culture in Eastern Kurdistan
Zahra Rajabioun Ali Behnia Amir Saed MoucheshiThe eastern part of Kurdistan Province, the region under Study, includes cities such as Bijar, Qorveh and Dehgolan. This region is a high plain which differs from western Kurdistan with respect to unevenness. Recently, this region has been archaeologically surveyed by t MoreThe eastern part of Kurdistan Province, the region under Study, includes cities such as Bijar, Qorveh and Dehgolan. This region is a high plain which differs from western Kurdistan with respect to unevenness. Recently, this region has been archaeologically surveyed by the Cultural Heritage Organization successively. The research results cope with identifying the historical sites from the prehistoric to the Islamic periods. In this study, about 21 sites assigned to Kura-Araxes Culture have been identified. The main aim of the present study is to analyze the dispositional pattern in Kura-Araxes Culture of East Kurdistan and their relationship with natural environments. In this study, features such as altitude rate, farness from or nearness to the river, the extent of the, the slope rate, the direction, and so on have been taken into consideration. To this aim, GIS software has been used. The study shows settlements have been centered in southern part of the region under study and northern parts are almost barren of Kura-Araxes sites. The research results show the existence of several permanent and seasonal settlements patterns from the Kura-Araxes Culture in this region. A part of the paper has dealt with the analysis of these patterns. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - آسیب شناسی ساخت روگذرهای شهری بر فضای فیزیکی و کالبدی شهربا استفاده از GIS (مطالعه موردی: روگذرهای نه گانه شهر کرمان)
حسین غضنفرپور حمیده افشارمنش مسلم قاسمی -
Open Access Article
44 - بررسی میزان تحقق پذیری کاربریهای مسکونی طرح تفصیلی با استفاده از سامانهGIS در بخشی از هسته مرکزی شهر قزوین
زهرا غلامی مریم امیدی آوج -
Open Access Article
45 - طراحی مفهومی سامانه مدیریت یکپارچه شهری با بهره گیری از سامانه های مکان مبنای مبتنی بر وِب
ندا رهبر -
Open Access Article
46 - Location of municipal landfills Analytical Hierarchy process (AHP) In GIS environment (Case study of Qazvin city)
Mojtaba Ebrahim beiki keshmarziSolid waste is an integral part of human life and the production of its types in different quantities and qualities is one of the most important environmental problems of the present age. To prevent environmental pollution in the community, waste must be disposed of hyg MoreSolid waste is an integral part of human life and the production of its types in different quantities and qualities is one of the most important environmental problems of the present age. To prevent environmental pollution in the community, waste must be disposed of hygienically and engineeringly. One of the methods of waste disposal is engineering waste disposal method. In this study, our emphasis is on the impact of ecological factors on the location of urban solid waste landfills in Qazvin city using spatial analysis in GIS environment for optimal location of municipal landfills. For this purpose, the required digital data was collected and then transferred to the ArcGIS environment. After creating the database, multi-criteria analytical decision-making models were implemented, the reliable method of AHP hierarchical analysis. As a result, by using the AHP method, hierarchical criteria have been used to locate a suitable sanitary place for landfilling of generated waste in Qazon city, and the most optimal place has been selected from 4 proposed places for sanitary landfilling of waste. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Investigation of the Physical Development Process of Ahwaz Metropolis and Its Pattern of Expansion in the Horizon 1400
farshad torkiProblem statement The rapid increase in urban dispersal has become a major concern in many countries. Because this rapid dispersion of harmful effects in the environment is worthless, so one of the most important issues facing urban development is its expansion. Aims Ph MoreProblem statement The rapid increase in urban dispersal has become a major concern in many countries. Because this rapid dispersion of harmful effects in the environment is worthless, so one of the most important issues facing urban development is its expansion. Aims Physical extension and inappropriate pattern of urban areas in the chain link with reciprocating interactions causes the natural lands of Ahwaz to be faced with a serious threat. In this regard, the present study seeks to investigate the physical development of the metropolitan city of Ahvaz during the period from 1360 to 1395, and then predict its extension in the 1400 horizons. Methodology The present research is applied in terms of the purpose of development and in terms of descriptive-analytical methodology based on library studies and field studies. In order to analyze the data, the theoretical foundations and research literature, principles and criteria were first designed. Considering the different coefficient and the effect of each criteria and indicators in the expansion of the metropolitan area of Ahwaz, the ANP-DEMATIL combination method was used for determining the weights. Then, the principles and criteria are considered to be extracted and identified, which were processed using satellite imagery over 5 years using the software (ENVI). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Urban expansion and physical development simulation using fuzzy cellular automata (FCA).Case Study: Ahwaz City
Saaid zangane shahrAki Morteza omidi Pour yousef tazesh ateena moenmehrThis study is proposed a model of urban expansion based on cellular automata principles and fuzzy logic approach. The most effective indicators were first selected using the DEMATEL method. The weight of each indicator was then obtained with the help of the prepared str MoreThis study is proposed a model of urban expansion based on cellular automata principles and fuzzy logic approach. The most effective indicators were first selected using the DEMATEL method. The weight of each indicator was then obtained with the help of the prepared structure using the Analytic Network Process (ANP). Three satellite images of 2003, 2007, and 2013 were used to simulate urban growth of Ahvaz in the year 2020. The selected base year was 2003. After performing preprocessing operations, the images were classified using the maximum likelihood method. The combination of fuzzy logic and the classic cellular automata model was made operational by defining the transition rules using the degrees of fuzzy membership. The Kappa index was employed in two stages to study accuracy of the images. The images of the base year were first classified and their accuracy was examined, and the accuracy of the simulated images with respect to reality was also investigated for the year 2007 and then simulation of the images of the other years was performed. Since the degree of accuracy of the model was considered acceptable, the linear regression model and the matrix of transition probabilities were employed for simulation in 2020. Results indicated the model enjoyed acceptable accuracy. It also yielded more realistic results in urban simulations compared to the classic CA method. Moreover, and growth and development of Ahvaz in different periods did not take place in any specific direction but rather was completely irregular and occurred in all directions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - A survey of potentional pattern and geomorphological limited in urban space producted with G.I.S case study semnan
mohammad reza zandmoghadamNatural processes, especially geomorphology, play an important role in locating, planning and developing cities. In the past, so far, we have tried to find the best place for geo-morphological and environmental conditions for the development and physical development of MoreNatural processes, especially geomorphology, play an important role in locating, planning and developing cities. In the past, so far, we have tried to find the best place for geo-morphological and environmental conditions for the development and physical development of cities. In this research, the applied geomorphology and its role in the physical development of Semnan city using Geographic Information System (GIS) and multi-criteria analytical hierarchical analysis (AHP) techniques have been investigated. For this purpose, effective criteria such as height, gradient, gradient direction, lithology and distance from fault are used. Each of the criteria was evaluated according to expert judgment and using Expertchoice software, weighting and importance of each of them was determined. Finally, using the fuzzy logic and geographic information system combination method, and according to the analytical comparison, the appropriate zones of the current situation of the city and the geomorphology of the region based on the critical points with the appropriate areas derived from the hierarchical analysis and the g.i.s Took The results of this research indicate that the role of geomorphologic factors in the location of Semnan is much more effective than other environmental factors.Also, data analysis shows that the city of Semnan is exposed to various environmental factors. Several of these factors, such as literacy, are severely restricted and may in the future create inappropriate conditions for the occurrence of other environmental hazards. To this end, the extension of the city must follow the geomorphological processes Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - مکان یابی دفن مواد زائد جامد شهری با استفاده از مدل (AHP) (نمونه موردی شهرستان جلفا)
کرامت الله زیاری کامران موسی خانی شهرام اباذرلو سجاد اباذرلو -
Open Access Article
51 - Assessment of rock fall risk in Zafar town of Kermanshah using Conefall technique
Farangis Ariamanesh afsaneh sheikhi Amjad MalekiRockfalls are one of the most serious natural hazards in terms of victims and economic impact, besides their interaction with many other natural phenomena. rockfall, defined as the movement of a mass of rock, debris or earth down a slope rockfall hazard and landslide ri MoreRockfalls are one of the most serious natural hazards in terms of victims and economic impact, besides their interaction with many other natural phenomena. rockfall, defined as the movement of a mass of rock, debris or earth down a slope rockfall hazard and landslide risk analyses can be carried out using several methods. The aim of this paper is to study and evaluate the potential of rockfalls and landslides and zoning these areas. In this method, in accordance with the geometric dimensions, slop, the movement of the rockfall, their expansion, finally its effect on the study area have been tested. Ddigital data also Cone fall and Arc GIS software utilized to identify landslides in the study area. Rockfall risk area was calculated for slopes and two critical angles and the results were presented as a map of high fall risk zones. The results showing that the total area of rockfall is equal to 2467357 square meters and 520686 square meters of residential areas are under the risks of rockfall. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Role in the Physical Development of Cities using GIS Software(Case Study: City of Mymand-Fars)
Ali Shakor Ali Shamsodini Leila TavakoliGeomorphological processes are particularly important role in the localization process, is responsible for planning and urban development. NhvyKh the past to try to be the best place for the establishment and development of the physical urban environment and Zhyvmvfvlv MoreGeomorphological processes are particularly important role in the localization process, is responsible for planning and urban development. NhvyKh the past to try to be the best place for the establishment and development of the physical urban environment and Zhyvmvfvlvzhyk be considered. The present study investigated the role of applied geomorphology and physical development of Meymand using geographic information system (GIS) and multi-criteria evaluation techniques Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is discussed.To do this effectively measures such as elevation, slope, aspect, lithology, land, surface water, groundwater, soil texture, drainage and distance from the fault has been used. Each of the criteria examined by experts and using the Software was founded Experchoice weight. Finally, with regard to the comparative analysis of the present situation in the appropriate area and geomorphological map based on the critical points in the appropriate area of AHP and GIS was used. The results suggest that the role of geomorphology in Meymand localization is much more effective than other environmental factors.Data analysis and interpretation of maps show the different neighborhoods of the city and its Meymand are threatened by various environmental factors. In order to comply with the expansion of the city along the geomorphologic processes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - ارزیابی اثرات طبیعی و انسانی انتقال آب سد گاوشان بر دشت میان دربند در استان کرمانشاه
امجد ملکی مریم رحمتی خورشیدیهدف ­این پژوهش بررسی اثرات طبیعی و­انسانی کانال انتقال آب سد گاوشان بر­دشت میان ­دربند­ در­استان کرمانشاه می­باشد. بدین منظور ­ابتدا دادههای پیزومتری سطح­آب زیرزمینی ­از­ سال­۱۳۹۲-۱۳۷٠­ ارزیابی و نقشه تغییرات سطح ایست Moreهدف ­این پژوهش بررسی اثرات طبیعی و­انسانی کانال انتقال آب سد گاوشان بر­دشت میان ­دربند­ در­استان کرمانشاه می­باشد. بدین منظور ­ابتدا دادههای پیزومتری سطح­آب زیرزمینی ­از­ سال­۱۳۹۲-۱۳۷٠­ ارزیابی و نقشه تغییرات سطح ایستابی در­ بازه­ زمانی ۲۲ ساله تهیه گردید. میزان تغییرات مورفولوژی رودخانه رازآور به واسطه­ تغییرات دبی از محل دریافت آب ­از کانال نیز با ­استفاده ­از تصاویر ماهوارهای در بازه ­زمانی مورد نظر بررسی شد. همچنین به منظور شناخت ثأثیرات انسانی احداث کانال ­از روش پرسشنامه استفاده گردید. نتایج پژوهش نشان می­دهد علی­رغم کاهش بارندگی در ­بازه فوق­ سطح آب زیرزمینی ­از سال بهره برداری از کانال(۱۳۸٤)­ در ­نقاطی ­از دشت افزایش یافته­ است. همچنین یافته­های پژوهش نشان از تغییرات شدید­ مورفولوژی رودخانه ­از­ محل دریافت آب به دلیل تغییرات زیاد دبی دارد. رشد­ وضعیت اقتصادی­، جلوگیری از مهاجرت و ­اشتغال زایی در ­منطقه نیز­ از اثرات انسانی احداث کانال بوده­ است در حالی که به علت مکانیزه نبودن سیستم آبیاری ­راندمان­ متوسط بهره­ برداری ­از ­­­آب کانال­ کمتر ­از­۳٠ ­درصد می­باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Zoning Lorestan Province By Using of Cluster Analysis
Majid Rezaei banafsheh Yousef KakoolvandUsing advanced statistical methods such as multivariate statistical analysis, one way is to separate areas from each other. In the present study, based on hierarchical cluster analysis methods and compare the different methods, Annual and monthly data for 9 stations for MoreUsing advanced statistical methods such as multivariate statistical analysis, one way is to separate areas from each other. In the present study, based on hierarchical cluster analysis methods and compare the different methods, Annual and monthly data for 9 stations for 10 years (2000-2009) Taked of Lorestan province meteorological Department, and the analysis Done. The purpose of this study addition to showing how cluster analysis process, Climatic zoning Lorestan province is Include four Area: 1-Semi humid, temperate summers, very cold winters (Alashtar, Azna ...) 2- Semi-moist, relatively warm summers, cold winters (Aligoodarz, Boroujerd ...)3- Semi-humid, hot summers, temperate winters (Khorramabad and Kouhdasht)4- Semi-dry, hot summers, relatively cold winters (Poldokhtar). Zoning of Province has been by using ARC GIS. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Using Fuzzy Logic Functions in GIS for Site Selection of Urban Cemeteries
غلامعلی خمر وحید پاسبان عیسی لوGraveyards in Iran have long been one of the most important urban parts, since their uses have not only had a direct relationship with urban planning rules but they have also been under the influence of religious beliefs and customs of people, so organizing and locating MoreGraveyards in Iran have long been one of the most important urban parts, since their uses have not only had a direct relationship with urban planning rules but they have also been under the influence of religious beliefs and customs of people, so organizing and locating them also own certain sensitivities. In terms of the structural situation, the current cemeteries of Pars Abad city are not in good conditions. On the other hand, they lack a suitable burial capacity to meet the new demands of the urban dead. Therefore, this study aims has been attempted to optimize the sites around the city to build a new cemetery using Boolean logic and Fuzzy Logic in the form of GIS. In order to identify the most fundamental factors in determining the appropriate place for the urban cemeteries, the role and affectability of each of the above- mentioned factors in the site selection was determined. Then, using the fuzzy membership functions (Gaussian, large and linear), different maps were prepared based on the nature and role of these factors in site selection. Next, through designing the inference network and taking advantage of the Fuzzy Logic model and its operators (Prod, Sum, and gammas of 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9), the data combination was performed non- linearly. Ultimately, the most suitable sites obtained by the inference network were compared according to the degrees of membership and their distance to the defined boundaries. The results show deep differences between facilities and the desirable status quo site selection of the graveyards. In the end, several measures aimed at restoring the long-standing role of the urban graveyards in the structure of civil life and its attitudes’ changes towards its executive and research are suggested. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Geographical Analysis of the Urban Network of Khuzestan Province with Emphasis on Urban and Regional Planning During the Years 1335-1395
gholamreza taheri mohammad reza rezaei saeed amanporThe existence of a regular urban hierarchy results in the distribution of goods and services to the entire community and as a result a balanced distribution of facilities and services to all parts of a region. The urban network is not just a collection of physical eleme MoreThe existence of a regular urban hierarchy results in the distribution of goods and services to the entire community and as a result a balanced distribution of facilities and services to all parts of a region. The urban network is not just a collection of physical elements, and the role and importance of each settlement is determined by the extent and dimensions of communication and flow. They set up an open system. Larger cities, with more concentration, dominate smaller cities. This research is purpose-oriented and applied in terms of nature and its method is descriptive-analytical. In this study, the studied indicators were collected in two stages through the extraction from available sources; research plans, statistics, books and experts’ opinions, and finally, rank and size models, moderate size rating, Lorenz curve, and Khuzestan urban network status were used. The results showed that the study of the urban dynamics of Khuzestan province during the years1335-1383 based on the modified Zipoff-size model indicated the imbalance in the urban system and the high concentration of population in the cities above the urban hierarchy system, especially the first city of the province was observed. Based on the Zipf-size-moderated model, there is no reasonable relationship between cities and their rank. The city has maintained its focus on other cities by concentrating its facilities and services at different levels. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Evaluation and Analysis of Immediate Areas of Nikshahr to Determine Appropriate Aspects of Physical Development
Gholam ali Khamar nahid baloochOne of the most important issues of the city and urbanization in Iran is the analysis of physical growth and development of the city and urbanization. In this regard, the overall goal of urban planning is to ensure the well-being of the people by creating a better, heal MoreOne of the most important issues of the city and urbanization in Iran is the analysis of physical growth and development of the city and urbanization. In this regard, the overall goal of urban planning is to ensure the well-being of the people by creating a better, healthier, more effective and more pleasant environment. Therefore, land suitability analysis for urban development and identification of suitable priority lands for physical development is very urgent. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate the physical development of Nikshahr with emphasis on urban spread, to identify the factors affecting the physical development of the city, to recognize the capabilities and limitations of physical development of the city and to provide appropriate solutions for principled and practical planning and the physical development of the city. The methodology of the present study is descriptive-analytical and based on library, documentary and field studies, and Arc GIS software and fuzzy logic method in GIS environment have been used for data analysis. The results indicate that the main natural feature of Nikshahr is the heights, rivers and their sub-branches, which have caused the city to take a linear shape and extend along the southwest to the northeast. On the other hand, the heights in the north and parts of the south of the city and also in an area of the western body of the city have caused the city not to develop and expand in a north-south direction. Finally, it should be noted that the unplanned growth of Nikshahr can cause many problems, and on the contrary, the efforts for vertical and intelligent growth can lead to sustainable development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Evaluation and Analysis of Tourism Climate Comfort Index of East Azarbaijan Province Using the Tourism Climate Index (TCI), Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) By Applying GIS
Sakineh Sojoodi Firouz Aghazadeh Nagizadeh Fahimeh Leila AkhavanIn this research in order to evaluate the tourism Climate Comfort Index, using the Tourism Climate Index (TCI), Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) and climate data gathered from 13 synoptic stations of the state, the state’s comfort condition is explained MoreIn this research in order to evaluate the tourism Climate Comfort Index, using the Tourism Climate Index (TCI), Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) and climate data gathered from 13 synoptic stations of the state, the state’s comfort condition is explained through one year. In this way, first the climate data related to the studied stations are gathered from Meteorological Organization of the State. After analyzing and processing in Excel and preparing information banks for each one of the indexes with the separation of the each month of the year for every station was calculated. Later, in order to find TCI index, information about this indicator was transferred to the TCI_Calculator software and PET index was transferred to the RayMan Software, Then, using the technique of GIS, Maps of studied indexes were prepared for each month of the year and for each of the stations. The result of studying these indexes showed that, the tourism’s conditions of comfort in the studied stations over the year, based on TCI indicator on January, February, April, July, August, March, May, October, November and December (with three classifications of, marginal, acceptable and good) were the worst in terms of comfort, other months (with three classifications of, very good, excellent and ideal) had the best condition in terms of Tourism comfort. Based on PET indicators June, July, August, May and September had better comforting conditions for tourists, the rest of the year was chosen to have the worst comfort condition for tourists. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - بررسی مکان گزینی پایگاههای مدیریت بحران منطقه 11 شهرداری تهران
محمد رضا زند مقدم -
Open Access Article
60 - The Effect of Construction Structures on River Flood Area Using HEC-RAS and ArcGIS Software Case Study: Babelrood River, Mazandaran
Ali Bagheri Mohammadhadi Torkaman zadeh -
Open Access Article
61 - Optimal Locating of Rural Waste Disposal with Fuzzy Logic in Zarrindasht County
Mohsen Shayan Ali Akbar Anabestani Sajjad BazvandRural environmental protection is considered as one of rural development requirements. One of the most important issues in rural areas, is the perfect place to dispose waste. The main purpose of this research is spatial analysis operation using GIS technology and FAHP t MoreRural environmental protection is considered as one of rural development requirements. One of the most important issues in rural areas, is the perfect place to dispose waste. The main purpose of this research is spatial analysis operation using GIS technology and FAHP techniques in order to locate the optimal range waste disposal of Zarrindasht city. For this purpose, in the first stage, using nine information layers which includes layers of information, distance to fault, distance from the canals, geology, soil type, distance to roads, distance from settlements, altitude, slope and land use was formed. Then, a questionnaire was designed for this purpose, and was prepared by the consultant engineers responsible for Rural Guide Plans, and finally experts of Housing Foundation of Islamic Revolution were completed that, twenty people have answered the questionnaire completely. The results show that the most optimal landfill sites were near roads and most inappropriate places were near the human settlements. The results obtained from FAHP also suggest that the measure of distance from human settlements was dedicated the most weight to themselves by a coefficient 0/232 and measure of the height was dedicated the lowest weight to themselves. The area of 4626-square-kilometer of Zarrindasht, 3.83 percent was quite suitable, 48/98 percent was suitable, 35/82 percent was fairly suitable, 9/03 percent was unsuitable and 2/33 was completely unsuitable for landfill. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - On the Analysis of the Function and Role of Natural Factors in Locating and Physical Development of City (Case study: Kamyaran City)
Mohammad Sedigh Ghorbani Masood Alimoradi Farzad Veysi Ramin GhorbaniPhysical development of Kamyaran city and how to deal with various natural and geomorphic units, including hills, rivers, old alluviums and fault lines have brought important issues and challenges. This study seeks to identify factors influencing the location and develo MorePhysical development of Kamyaran city and how to deal with various natural and geomorphic units, including hills, rivers, old alluviums and fault lines have brought important issues and challenges. This study seeks to identify factors influencing the location and development of Kamyaran and regarding these factors provide an appropriate model for the future development of this city. This study is applied and descriptive-analytical research in term of objective and method, respectively. In this study field observation, aerial photos, satellite imagery (Landsat) and DEM 27 meters were used to extract much of the information and maps in the GIS software. Data sets were examined and analyzed in Analytical Hierarchy Model. According to the results, almost 33% of the Kamyaran current limits were built in areas with optimal fit. Lands with the proportion of medium and low fitness are in next priority, correspondingly. Constructed parts of the city on the foothills Pir Mohammad and its surrounding areas, around Kamyaran river and Hassil Qader creek, as well as Gla Charmo and the hills in eastern part of the Kamyaran River, where phase 3 of Be'sat county and some parts of phase 1 has been constructed, all together show the ignorance of natural factors. The reason for this situation further is due to the willing of land owners and the interests of early migrants to settle on the roadside to their migration origin. Finally, it should be noted that based on the analysis of hierarchical model, within 34 square kilometers which was considered around the city, nearly 29 percent of its area, has high and very high proportion for development, which are located in the Northeast, Northwest, West and Southwest of the current position of Kamyaran city. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Evaluating and analyzing the spatial distribution of rural inhabitants with emphasis on biological and activity risk taking using GIS and SPSS (the area under study: Aq Su rural area)
Ayub badraq nejad reza sarli Mahbub babaii Morteza basiriFactors such as altitude from the sea level, gradient, geological structure, fault, water resources, soil, vegetation and land usage, each are the natural bed that their effectiveness has an effective role in evaluation and identification of suspectible and unsuspectibl MoreFactors such as altitude from the sea level, gradient, geological structure, fault, water resources, soil, vegetation and land usage, each are the natural bed that their effectiveness has an effective role in evaluation and identification of suspectible and unsuspectible areas in evaluation of the dangers of rural areas. The present study in the manner of type is an applicaple-developmental research and its methodology is of library and field study type. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the environmental, ecological capability of the Aq su area of Kalale township in order to evaluate the danger and therefore, after identification of indicators, the effort was done to conduct a local data base in the Arc GIS . Next, after standardizing these indicators with the method of phase logic and AHP in the software atmosphere utilizing the identification tools, each of the indicators were given a certain weight. Afterwards with combining and overlaying these indicators, based on AHP model and phase logic, the final map indicating appropriate and inappropriate areas was collected. The area under study in the collected map was divided into three layers of very appropriate, appropriate and inappropriate in order to program for any type of inhabiting activities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Investigating Place Distribution of Athletic Use and Determining Appropriate Areas in Order to Present a Proper Model in Ilam City
pakzad azadkhani jaffar hoisen zadeh Sara EsfandyariOne of the important problems in terms of sports spaces in Iran is not paying attention to locating. The aim of this paper is to investigate the place distribution of sports land uses in Ilam City and to determine proper arenas in order to present a good pattern. The me MoreOne of the important problems in terms of sports spaces in Iran is not paying attention to locating. The aim of this paper is to investigate the place distribution of sports land uses in Ilam City and to determine proper arenas in order to present a good pattern. The method is analytical-descriptive and the research is an applied one. The data is gathered from the libraries and by the field study and also the questionnaires and GIS maps were used. The population includes the experts of urban management and physical education in all 4 districts of Ilam City that 20 of them were chosen as the sample by Convenience Sampling and were surveyed. To analyze the data, GIS and AHP softwares were used. The findings reveal that the sports spaces are improperly distributed in Ilam City. Moreover, there has been lack of attention to the important norms and standards of sports spaces’ locating in building sports facilities. Furthermore, the views of the experts in the norms of the population density are of high importance in the norms of determining the sports spaces. In this research, 11 hectares of Ilam City’s land pieces were introduced and suggested as the best places proper for building the new sports spaces based on the determined norms and standards. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - The prioritization of urban region towards developing green space (Case study:( Zone 3 of kermanshah)
Nesa Hashemi moslem rostami Introduction: Urban green space is deemed as a kind of application which its distribution and diffusion across cities bear a great deal of significance and is regarded as the breathing lungs of cities. Green spaces should sport such components as facilities, easy More Introduction: Urban green space is deemed as a kind of application which its distribution and diffusion across cities bear a great deal of significance and is regarded as the breathing lungs of cities. Green spaces should sport such components as facilities, easy accessibility, suitable distribution across cities and proper area to be able to perform their roles properly.Research Aim: This study wants to identify suitable places for the construction of new green spaces by locating urban green spaces, using by GIS and AHP model, in region 3 of Kermanshah, based on standard criteria.Methodology: This is an application-oriented kind of research being undertaken through descriptive-analytical methods endeavoring to identify the optimal locations for establishing new green spaces in the third division of the metropolis of Kermanshah according to the principles of positioning. For this purpose, such criteria as proximity to lands with residential applications, street networks, training applications, cultural applications, proximity to rivers, existence of wastelands, distance from green spaces, workshops and factories alongside multi-criteria decision making method (AHP) in the environment of Arc GIS have been utilized.Studied Areas: The study area is Region 3 of Kermanshah which is located in the southeast of Kermanshah, with an area about 1886 hectares and the population of about 165023 peopleResults: The findings indicate that per capita green space of the third division of Kermanshah is very low compared with a suitable and optimum standard and additionally, the manner of green spaces’ distribution, diffusion and their function radii in the before-mentioned region show that they are not in line with the condition of the region, in such a way that more than 20% of the population of the before-said region are deprived of an appropriate coverage by green spaces. The final map shows that the western, southern, central and eastern parts of the region are the best locations to establish green spaces in the third division of the metropolis of Kermanshah.Conclusion: The present research finally by analyzing the mentioned parameters, suitable places were identified for the construction of new green spaces considering that AHP Model be used in future studies to evaluate green space in regions of Kermanshah. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - Safaroud Basin Aquifer Landslides Geomorphology-Ramsar Zone
mohamadreza servati seyed yousef hashemiSafarud River is placed as farasits source that is javaherdeh high altitude still its maximum limit which is Khazar Sea and its direction is north east to south west. The long distance between its source and cancause different changes and a lot of transformation along s MoreSafarud River is placed as farasits source that is javaherdeh high altitude still its maximum limit which is Khazar Sea and its direction is north east to south west. The long distance between its source and cancause different changes and a lot of transformation along side. One of the obvious agents and important Geomorphological phenomena in the area of the Safaroud river is land sliding that its occurrence causes the obstruction of roads. Destruction of agriculture gardens, plant coverage, erosion of lands, damage of residential areas and killing the human beings, too.Studying the Geomorphology of landslides and the factors contributing to their occurrence as well as determining of danger points and to give methods of controlling them are deemed to be important since the considered are a is one of the most important regions for the water supply and also the biggest of tourist center and that it can be used for planning purposes.Arc Gis software has been used for parting the land of dangers of landslide as well as for preparing the maps.It is known about 33 landslide in this basin which some factors like Geology, plant covering, soil, climate, Hydrology, Geomorphology and human activities in the landslide affection it. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - spacial distribution of urban services (case study:Kermanshah city)
moslem rostami jafar shaeliWith regard to social justice, the distribution of facilities and services and their features are connected with social welfare inseparably so that one can not separate them from marginal issues such as inequality of citizens and personal freedom. We should remember tha MoreWith regard to social justice, the distribution of facilities and services and their features are connected with social welfare inseparably so that one can not separate them from marginal issues such as inequality of citizens and personal freedom. We should remember that even the most attractive places or the best ones regarding accessability position and life can’t provide the residents with joy and welfare, if they are exposed to the lack or weakness of accessibility to resources and facilities. The distribution of the ideal and proper services and the enjoyment of social welfare is not a new issue but it has been influenced by our past performance as the welfare of the future will be affected by our present performance This research has investigated the space distribution of public urban services within the Kermanshah city.For this, 21 compilations have been used and the distribution of public urban services has been investigated within the 5 districts of Kermanshsh city.For determining the degree of development within the five districts of Kermanshah city the taxonomy technique was used .The result indicated that the central district of Kermanshah is the most developed urban district within this city.. In addition, GIS technique has been employed for identifying the performance radius of the public urban services; Also, the enjoying and unenjoying districts have been identified. The findings of the research indicate that the space distribution of public services within this city has been accomplished much inequitably and it requires further public services. Moreover, this investigation indicated that in relation with dwelling indicator, there is a significant relationship between the average price of lands and per capital income and rental payments . It means that , the more the income and the rental payments within the concerned urban districts , the higher the price of lands. This factor has led to the formation of the enjoying and unenjoying districts . Finally among the successful plannings we should resort to participatory planning and apply new programming techniques for overcoming such difficulties including GIS. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - The analysis of Ecotourism potential in Boujagh wetland with AHP method
بهمن رمضانی طیبه قائمی رادAnalysis of ecotourism potential can be the first step in identifying the potentials and limitations for the usage of deliberate and regional planning and tourism development of opportunities MoreAnalysis of ecotourism potential can be the first step in identifying the potentials and limitations for the usage of deliberate and regional planning and tourism development of opportunities to create good atmosphere and one of the best ways for preventing the destruction of natural environments and their conservation. Boujagh wetlands which is located in Guilan and in the estuaries of Sefidrud, due to its impressive variety of birds, beautiful landscapes, desirable climate, proximity to population centers and convenient access is hosted too many tourism annually. The research aims to identify opportunities and ecotourism potentials of Boujagh and using AHP for the development of widespread and centralized tourism and helping to preserve the environment. Method is based on hybrid methods, descriptive and analytical –and the AHP model. The results show that according to the criteria's preferences in the development of centralized ecotourism,714 hectares area equal to approximately 21% have desired power, 237 hectares, equivalent to approx. mately 7 percent have average power, and 2329 hectares, equivalent to approximately 67 percent have unfavorable power in order to development of centralized ecotourism. According to the index, the whole area study has extensive usability in order to development of widespread ecotourism. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Emplacement of physical development optimal ways of Rasht using AHP
سید علی حسینی احمد پوراحمد رضا ویسیProper use of environmental potentials of around the city increases economic efficiency and reduces vulnerability of existing resources. In current situation that most of the cities are faced with rapid and increasing physical development, necessity to identification an MoreProper use of environmental potentials of around the city increases economic efficiency and reduces vulnerability of existing resources. In current situation that most of the cities are faced with rapid and increasing physical development, necessity to identification and displacement of suitable lands for conservation of urban rare resources is indispensible. Regarding to Rasht city place in Guilan Province fertile plain and existence of some urban development physical limitations, such as marshy land, farm lands, fertile gardens, forests, and etc., could not be developed widely. Main object of this paper is determination of the proper and optimal direction of urban development with minimal damage to environmental resources in order to provide land for future development of the city. In order to collect, analyze, and produce different layers and maps of obstacles emplacement and the optimal development direction of Rasht, the technical tools of GIShas been used. During this process, at first needed and efficient were identified, collected and analyzed into 11 indicators (lands potential, topography, land stability, communication networks, airports, cemeteries, rivers, natural habitats, industrial town, the lagoon and surrounding rural areas). After this stage, variables and criteria entering operation in Geographical Information System (GIS) was performed and in the next stage new information layers such as distance from the cemetery, the river, industrial town, and etc. was evaluated according to available data. At rest, data were classified and evaluated again. In order to valuate information layers in this research, AHP model and hierarchical method have been used. Finally, after combination of the maps, the final map of proper direction of optimal Rasht future urban development was selected, provided, and determined. Results and conclusions of studies have emplaced the best lands for Rasht future urban development in South direction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Assessment suitable Ecotourism place by Geography Information System Technical (Deylaman zone: Case study)
Mehrdad ramzanipour mahmood roshani eisa pourramzanIntroduction Today, tourism is known to be one of the big industries in the world that imposes direct and indirect effect on economy and social sections of human life. Some scholars argue that tourism is an independent section and emphasize the industrial being MoreIntroduction Today, tourism is known to be one of the big industries in the world that imposes direct and indirect effect on economy and social sections of human life. Some scholars argue that tourism is an independent section and emphasize the industrial being of it. In the world of today, tourism has a comprehensive approach toward ecotourism because people are travelling to natural settings and try to enjoy the natural views, wild animals, plants, etc. In addition to making money for government and the natives, this section has a significant role in preserving plant and animal environment. Research Methodology To work out data on the map of plant coverage, Land sat 7 satellite data estimating ETM was utilized. Similarly, to work out digital layers of slope, and its direction, intensity of sunlight, co-height elevations, spatial data collection such as co-temperature, co-precipitation, and soil tissue for analysis and locating purposes, DEM latitude model with a high spatial resolution of 80 was used. * Responsible Author: mehr5490@yahoo.com Tourism ecologic model is divided to two recreationally focused and extended ecological models. Each model can be split into three talented, semi-talented, and untalented classes. Based on the tourism ecologic model, the present study tries to recognize talented class in the region under the study. According to the given criteria, needed layers for co-coverage analysis in Geographical information system with raster format and in conditional method were produced. After the layers were transformed to format taking, talented regions were identified and calculated through cooperation method. Results In order to recognize suitable ecotourism places, the most desirable temperature conditions, that is the average co-temperature level of between 13 and 17 centigrade in six warm months and co-precipitation level of between 20 and 50 milliliter were used. The slopes having less sunlight were considered as talented classes because the shadowy regions are more desirable to tourists due to intensity of sunlight in mountainous areas. On the other hands, the presence of resistant geological rocks (volcanic rocks) has been considered as a one of the factors of locating. Meanwhile, since condensed plant coverage acts as an obstacle in moving and watching abilities of tourists, the best possible plant coverage of suitable places was considered as semi-condensed area. Accordingly, since tourists choose leveled lands as their deployment factors, the slope parameter of between 0 and 5 percent was considered. Here, the eastern slope is considered as 67.5 to 11.25 degree compared to northern slope since these slopes enjoy more desirable condition of shadow taking (figure 8). Conclusion Using Geographical information system and factors involved for locating places in the region, the researchers recognized that all talented regions for conducting tourism projects are located in the country region of Deylaman. It is obvious that the mentioned regions enjoy more desirably climatic conditions in warm seasons of the year than other regions. Based on the final model resulted from the common layers that are used in locating places, it was possible to have easy access to all sites and all are located in a rather close distance from roads. As the final model indicates, it is clear that all sites are located in bottom line of rivers with a slope of 5 percent, which makes accessibility to water resources easier. These sites provide temporary deployment of tourists, and if more welfare facilities are provided, tourists may stay in these sites for longer time. Finally, it can be said that based on ecologic criteria, suitable sites of tourism can be identified and matched with natural condition of the region through satellite system of GIS. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - برآورد تبخیر و تعرق پتانسیل از طریق رگرسیون چند متغیره در استان اصفهان
قاسم عزیزی علی حنفی محسن سلطانی -
Open Access Article
72 - بررسی نقش عوامل موثر در پیدایش و تکوین جریانهای واریزه ای در ارتفاعات شمال دریاچه ارورمیه (مطالعه موردی حوضه های شمال طرح آبخوانداری تسوج)
محمد رضا اصغری مقدم جمشید یاراحمدی مالک رفیعی -
Open Access Article
73 - Impact of Bioclimatic Factors on Diversity Patterns in Quercus brantii (Persian Oak) Populations within the Western Iranian Forest Ecosystem
Adele Rafezi Mohammad Reza Azimi Mehrshad Zeinalabedini Mohammad reza Ghaffari -
Open Access Article
74 - Pollution Assessment of Trace Metals in Ground Waters (Case Study: Meshgin Shahr County)
Nafiseh Rezapour Andabili Mahsa Safaripour -
Open Access Article
75 - Investigation of Temporal – spatial variations of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in Tehran city Using GIS (2013-2020)
Maryam Ansari محمود احمدی Reza GoudarziBackground and Objective: Metropolis of Tehran is one of the most polluted cities in the world. The present study aims to analyze the temporal-spatial behavior of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in Tehran city. Material and Methodology: Thus, pollution- metric sta MoreBackground and Objective: Metropolis of Tehran is one of the most polluted cities in the world. The present study aims to analyze the temporal-spatial behavior of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in Tehran city. Material and Methodology: Thus, pollution- metric station data of Tehran Air Quality Control Company were used for evaluating the variations of air pollutants in temporal-spatial scales during 2013-2020. The results of statistical analysis of pollutant distribution in temporal-spatial scales were provided by using Arc GIS software and analytical function of inverse Distance Weighting interpolation (IDW) as maps, tables and graphs was demonstrated. Findings: Based on the results, particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) reached the minimum (65 and 23 µg/m3) and maximum concentration (81 and 30 µg/m3) at 18 and 24 p.m., respectively. In addition, maximum (81 and 30 µg/m3) and minimum concentration (73 and 23 µg/m3) of these pollutants was respectively related to Wednesday and Friday. Maximum seasonal concentration of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) relates to summer (90 µg/m3) and winter (35 µg/m3) respectively and the minimum seasonal concentration (65 and 24 µg/m3) of both pollutants relate to spring. The results of inverse Distance Weighting interpolation (IDW) indicated that west, south and central regions of Tehran in summer season involved with particulate matter (PM10) more than other regions. But in all seasons, except the western and southern regions, the central regions have a high concentration of particulate matter (PM2.5). Discussion and Conclusion: The particulate matter concentrations is more than its allowable limit in specific regions of Tehran in some yearly days and months. Therefore, city programmers and decision_ makers must have schedule table for particulate matter control management and air pollution reduction. Manuscript profile
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