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Open Access Article
1 - Arizona, cypress (Cupressus arizonica) wood extraction for a better acoustical performance
Soheila Zamaninasab amir lashgari Mehram Roohnia Ahmad Jahan-latibari Ajang TajdiniIn this research, the effect of soaking process and ethanol-acetone washing as well as fermentation pre-treatment by bread yeast in Cypress (Cupressus arizonica) has been investigated. The samples were subjected to pre-treatment with bread yeast and without pre-treatmen MoreIn this research, the effect of soaking process and ethanol-acetone washing as well as fermentation pre-treatment by bread yeast in Cypress (Cupressus arizonica) has been investigated. The samples were subjected to pre-treatment with bread yeast and without pre-treatment, washing with pure water and removal of extractives in organic solvent and subjected to dynamic test by forced vibration test in free-free beam. Both methods of soaking process and ethanol-acetone washing resulted in a significant decrease in density and vibration damping, while the values of acoustic conversion efficiency showed an increase. The amount of improvement of acoustic properties due to ethanol-acetone washing was more than water washing. Fermentation pretreatment increased the changes in both water washing and ethanol-acetone washing methods. The dynamic modulus of elasticity did not show any significant change water washing, ethanol-acetone washing and fermentation pretreatment. In general, the ethanol-acetone washed samples under fermentation pretreatment left the highest acoustic indices. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Studying of the Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Effects of Sodium Ascorbate, Sodium Acetate and Sodium Citrate on the Shelf Life of Packaged Minced Veal Meat
S. Tehraninejad A. Sharifan S. Ayoughi Poor TaftiIntroduction: Meat product are susceptible to spoilage during cold shortage due to microbial activities and fat oxidation. In this study, the application of sodium ascorbate, sodium acetate and sodium citrate as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents in packaged minced ve MoreIntroduction: Meat product are susceptible to spoilage during cold shortage due to microbial activities and fat oxidation. In this study, the application of sodium ascorbate, sodium acetate and sodium citrate as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents in packaged minced veal meat was investigated and evaluated. Materials and Methods: In order to carry out this research work, meat samples were minced and immersed in sterile solutions of sodium ascorbate, sodium citrate and sodium acetate at different concentrations for 10 minutes. The samples were packed in poly ethylene containers with stretch PVC coating and kept in 4 and -18°C for 0, 7 and 14 days. then Microbial (Aerobic mesophilic bacteria, Coliform, E. Coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Yeast and Mold count) evaluations and chemical analysis (TBA, Myoglobin concentration) and determination of color changes were carried out on the sample. Results: The results of this study showed that during 14-day review period at -18 ° C, there were significant changes in physico-chemical and microbial characteristics, therefor TBA values, pH, myoglobin concentration, color changes among the treatments, containing sodium acetate 1%, sodium citrate 0.5%, sodium ascorbate 0.5%), it was at lowest level while, in the control sample were at the highest level during storage. The use of these compounds at -18 ° C has also a significant effect on inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. Conclusion: The Addition of sodium acetate (1%), sodium citrate (0.5%) and sodium ascorbate (0.5%) are recommended in order to increase the shelf life of minced veal meat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Identification of volatile compounds and investigation of antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer effects of Tribulus longipetalus Viv
Aliakbar ImaniObjectives: The objective of the present study was to identify volatile compounds and investigate the antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer effects of Tribulus longipetalus Viv.Materials and methods: In this research, the Tribulus longipetalus Viv, which is an annua MoreObjectives: The objective of the present study was to identify volatile compounds and investigate the antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer effects of Tribulus longipetalus Viv.Materials and methods: In this research, the Tribulus longipetalus Viv, which is an annual herbaceous plant, has many branches, lies on the ground, and has stems with soft hairs. The geographical spread of this plant is in the long sand dunes of Aran and Bidgol deserts. Biological properties, including free radical scavenging activity, total amount of phenolic compounds, antimicrobial properties and cytotoxic properties were investigated. Since the whole plant extract showed a high level of inhibition in the saltwater shrimp cell toxicity test (nearly 70 μg/liter), in order to obtain the effective components, solvent extraction using a decanter funnel was on the agenda. The three obtained components of hexane, ethyl acetate and water were analyzed separately. Also, by using a polystyrene divinylbenzene chromatography column, the effective component with higher inhibition ability was isolated. Among the effective components, except ethyl acetate, it had a relatively high inhibitory power, which was identified with the help of Hplc device.Findings: Comparing the antimicrobial power of Tribulus longipetalusViv with antibiotics, showed that this plant has good antimicrobial properties. Also, considering that LC50 was determined as 70 μg/ml. This value indicates the good cytotoxic power of Tribulus longipetalus Viv. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Three-component Process for the Synthesis of Some Thiophene Derivatives Using Water as a Green Media
Ali Varasteh Moradi -
Open Access Article
5 - Multi-component Process for the Synthesis of Some Phosphonate Derivatives using Water as a Green Solvent
Ali Varasteh Moradi -
Open Access Article
6 - One-pot Four-component Reaction for Convenient Synthesis of New Quinoxaline Derivatives in the Presence of K2CO3
Sama Taherjoo Anvar Mirzaei -
Open Access Article
7 - Three Component Syntheses of Pyrrolo Imidazole Derivatives in the Presence of N-methyl imidazole, Activated Acetylenes and Phenylsulfonylacetophenone
Anvar Mirzaei -
Open Access Article
8 - Application of H2O as the Green Solvent for the Synthesis of Phosphonates via Multicomponent Reactions
Fatemeh Sheikholeslami-Farahani -
Open Access Article
9 - Application of Green Chemistry in the Synthesis of Thiopyran Derivatives
Fatemeh Sheikholeslami-Farahani -
Open Access Article
10 - Solvent-Free Multicomponent Reactions of Dithiocarbamates, Activated Acetylenes and Isocyanides
F. Rostami-Charati Z. Hossaini R. Hajinasiri -
Open Access Article
11 - Enantioselective Synthesis of Modafinil Drug using Chiral Complex of Titanium and Diethyltartarate
Mohammad javad Taghizadeh Abdollah Javidan Abbas Daraie -
Open Access Article
12 - Antibacterial Activity and Conductivity Properties of Nanocomposites based on Cellulose Acetate Nanofibers and Copper Nanoparticles
Mohsen Sargordan -Arani Elham Alsadat Hoseini Behrooz Mirza -
Open Access Article
13 - One-pot Synthesis of Polysubstituted Indolizine Derivatives
Mohammad Piltan Seyed Amir Zarei Hassan Saydi Ashraf Sadat Shahvelayati -
Open Access Article
14 - Application of N-isocyaniminotriphenyl phosphorane for preparation of heterocyclic acrylate as a key constituent of many industrial and pharmaceutical compounds
Milad Bazaz Rastkar Bita Mohtat Gholam Bagheri Marandi Hoorieh Djahaniani -
Open Access Article
15 - One pot, Five-component Synthesis of Functionalized Piperidines Using Zn(OAc)2.2H2O as a Highly Efficient Catalyst
Farzaneh Mohamadpour Mojtaba Lashkari -
Open Access Article
16 - Improve Invisible Ink Production by the Europium Complexes
Mohammad Amin Eshraghi Mohammad Mahdi Tavana Mohammad Hassan Eshraghi -
Open Access Article
17 - One-pot Three-component Synthesis of Phosphonate Derivatives
Sayyed Zahra Sayyed-Alangi -
Open Access Article
18 - Green synthesis of cellulose acetate/zinc oxide nanocomposite filter with plant extract and its application in water source pollution removal
Sohrab Hajmohammadi Dadkhoda Ghazanfari Enayatollah Sheikhhosseini Nahid Rastakhiz Hamideh AsadollahzadehWater resources are among the natural capitals of every country, therefore, the preservation of these natural resources is one of the important challenges of all countries. Excessive use of chemical and industrial materials has created many problems for these sources. T MoreWater resources are among the natural capitals of every country, therefore, the preservation of these natural resources is one of the important challenges of all countries. Excessive use of chemical and industrial materials has created many problems for these sources. Therefore, providing new methods to remove water pollutants is very important. The method of green synthesis of nanoparticles has attracted a lot of attention due to its features such as greater safety, compatibility with the environment, simplicity, and low cost. In this research work, the green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles was carried out using the Daphne macronata plant and it was used in the preparation of a cellulose acetate/zinc oxide filter. The electron microscope image of the nano filter shows that the average diameter of nanofibers is about 40 nanometers and the average size of nanoparticles is about 47 nanometers. Also, the effect of this filter in removing methyl orange dye from water sources was investigated in different conditions of dye concentration, amount of adsorbent, and pH. The results showed that the cellulose acetate/zinc oxide nanocomposite filter is able to remove about 90% of methyl orange color in optimal conditions. Also, the results of investigating the antimicrobial effect of this structure on 4 samples of pathogenic bacteria, including Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus epidermis, Salmonella, and Acinetobacter were carried out. The results showed that the largest diameter of the halo of non-growth is related to the pathogenic bacteria Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus epidermis and is about 22 mm Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - A Novel protocol for synthesis of Hantzsch 1, 4- dihydropyridines using PEG-400 as a reaction medium and under catalyst-free condition
Ali Ezabadi Fatemeh Tosan -
Open Access Article
20 - Novel procedure for preparation of Hantzsch 1, 4- dihydropyridines using PEG-400 as a reaction medium and under catalyst-free condition
Ali Ezabadi Fatemeh Tosan -
Open Access Article
21 - Condensationtion of 3-hydroxy pyridine alkyl isocyanides and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate: synthesis of 4H-chromenes
Mahsa Mahpeyma Bita Mohtat -
Open Access Article
22 - Reaction between 3-hydroxy pyridine alkyl isocyanides and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate: synthesis of 4H-chromenes
Mahsa Mahpeyma Bita Mohtat -
Open Access Article
23 - Reaction between 3-hydroxy pyridine alkyl isocyanides and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate: synthesis of 4H-chromenes
Mahsa Mahpeyma Bita Mohtat -
Open Access Article
24 - Densities and Viscosities for Binary and Ternary Mixtures of Benzene + Cyclohexane and + N,N-Dimethyl acetamide at Temperature of 298.15 K
Mohsen Doost Mohammadi Majid Hamzehloo -
Open Access Article
25 - Effect of protective of a mixture of native Iranian probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus holoticus) on the Damage of Rat male Small Intestinal tissue Caused by lead acetate.
ALIREZA BARZIN OSHTOLOGH zahra keshtmand Hamid Reza SamadikhahOne of the most important polluters of the environment is lead acetate. Probiotics are live microbes that are safe, useful and have antioxidant activity for the host. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of a mixture of native Iranian probiotics (Lactob MoreOne of the most important polluters of the environment is lead acetate. Probiotics are live microbes that are safe, useful and have antioxidant activity for the host. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of a mixture of native Iranian probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus heloticus) on changes in the small intestine tissue of male rats exposed to lead acetate.In this experimental study, 21 male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 grams were randomly divided into three groups: intact, treated with lead acetate (10 mg/kg) and treated with lead acetate (10 mg/kg)+ native Iranian probiotic mixture (109 CFU mg/ml) were divided.After five weeks of treatment, the rats were completely anesthetized and the small intestine tissue was collected. After their fixation and processing, 5 micrometer tissue sections were prepared and E&H staining was done. Data were compared with SPSS software, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test.Examining the morphological changes of small intestine tissue (inflammation, thickness of muscle layer, height of villi and wound) in the treatment group with probiotics compared to the lead acetate group showed a decrease in tissue damage.According to the findings of this research, the use of a mixture of native Iranian probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus heloticus) can have a positive effect on reducing lead acetate-induced damage in the small intestine tissue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - The Role of Spike Photosynthesis and Foliar Application of IAA on Grain Yield and its Components of Two Wheat Cultivars in Late Season Drought Stress
M. Abdoli M. SaeidiDrought stress is a major cause of reduction in crop production. According to the role of various plant parts, especially the spike photosynthesis in grain filling and the regulatory roles of IAA in formation of grain yield, a split plot-factorial experiment based on ra MoreDrought stress is a major cause of reduction in crop production. According to the role of various plant parts, especially the spike photosynthesis in grain filling and the regulatory roles of IAA in formation of grain yield, a split plot-factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted at the experimental field of the Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Razi, Kermanshah, in 2010-2011 growing season using two wheat cultivars (Marvdasht and Pishtaz). Results indicated that water stress after pollination significantly decreased grain yield and 1000 grain weight but it did not affect grain no. spike-1, number of fertile and infertile spikelet per spike and spike length as compared well-watered conditions. Drought stress caused 25.7 and 22.6 percent reduction in grain yield and 1000 grain weight of varieties under study respectively. Cultivars differed in grain no. spike-1, 1000 grain weight, number of fertile and infertile spikelet per spike and spike length significantly. Water stress also reduced grain yield of Marvdasht cultivar (31.8%) as compared to Pishtaz cultivar (18.7%). Pishtaz cultivar possessed larger spikes which resulted in grain yield increase under drought stress. Photosynthesis of spike during grain filling stage increased yield under well watered condition by 42.5% and under post-anthesis drought stress by 23.8%, respectivly. Foliar application of IAA did not have any effect on yield reduction when photosynthesis was stopped. This shows the importance of spike photosynthesis in increasing grain yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Inoculation on Nutrient Uptake and Essential Oil Composition of Dragonhead (Dracocphalum moldavica L.) under Drought Stress
Gobad Salimi Mohammad Feizian Naser AliasgharzadTo study essential oil components of Dracocephalum moldavica in response to mycorrhiza fungus inoculation under drought stress condition, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was carried out under greenhouse condition. The MoreTo study essential oil components of Dracocephalum moldavica in response to mycorrhiza fungus inoculation under drought stress condition, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was carried out under greenhouse condition. The factors of the experiment were three levels of drought stresses [control, 0.75 maximum allowable depletion (MAD) and 0.5 MAD] and inoculation with mycorrhiza fungi in two levels (no mycorrhiza inoculation as control and Glomus verciforme inoculation). Essential oil components were recognized via gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC/MS). The result showed that about 36 components in D. moldavica were identified through inoculation with mycorrhiza under drought stress. Concentration of 13 compounds of these were higher than the rest. Compositions of geranial (18.3%), geraniol (30.98%), geranyl acetate (26.78%) and neral (11.94%) had high quantities in essential oil. Drought stress and mycorrhiza inoculation increased the percentage of major essential oil components. The highest essential oil percentage (1.24%) was obtained by mycorrhiza inoculation treatment and drought stress at 0.75 MAD. Drought stress reduced the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements, while mycorrhiza inoculation increased their uptake. The highest uptake of potassium was in non-stress and mycorrhiza inoculation conditions. It can be concluded that mycorrhiza inoculation under drought stress increased the uptake of nutrients and essential oil composition of dragonhead. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - The effect of biodegradable film based on polyvinyl acetate / gelatin containing angelica essential oil on increasing the shelf life of pita bread
M. Salimkhaniyan L. Nateghi N. ZandThe use of biodegradable films containing antimicrobial compounds for packaging is one of the effective methods in reducing environmental pollution and the safety of food products. This study aimed to investigate the effect of biodegradable films based on polyvinyl acet MoreThe use of biodegradable films containing antimicrobial compounds for packaging is one of the effective methods in reducing environmental pollution and the safety of food products. This study aimed to investigate the effect of biodegradable films based on polyvinyl acetate/gelatin containing Angelica essential oil on increasing the shelf life of pita bread. Films based on polyvinyl acetate and gelatin were mixed with 0/100, 20/80, 40/60, 60/40, 80/20, 100/0 ratios and given Angelica essential oil with a concentration of 1250 µg/ml was added. Antimicrobial and mechanical properties were evaluated during 9 days of storage at 25 °C. The optimal film with the highest antimicrobial properties was selected for packing pita bread and its microbial features were compared with pita bread packed in polyethylene. The highest growth inhibition zone of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium expansum belonged to the biodegradable film of 40% polyvinyl acetate and 60% gelatin. Thus, the film was selected for packaging pita bread. Loads of yeast and mold as well as the total bacteria in pita bread packed in the optimal biodegradable film were significantly less than a pita bread packed in polyethylene. With increasing gelatin and decreasing polyvinyl acetate, water vapor permeability, solubility, water absorption, oxygen permeability, and film thickness were increased. The use of biodegradable films containing antimicrobial compounds can be an effective step in reducing the microbial load and increasing the quality properties of bread during storage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - The effect of intramuscular administration of medroxy progesterone acetate (MPA) on electrocardiographic alterations of female dogs
مهرداد Neshat Gharamaleky M.H Khayat Nouri بهرنگ Eslami سیامک Mashhadi RafieProgestins are useful for hormonal prevention of pregnancy in humans and animals. Progestrone and medroxy progestrone acetate are used for treatment of premenopausal syndrome and decreasing complications of estrogen therapy after menopause. Prescription of progesterone MoreProgestins are useful for hormonal prevention of pregnancy in humans and animals. Progestrone and medroxy progestrone acetate are used for treatment of premenopausal syndrome and decreasing complications of estrogen therapy after menopause. Prescription of progesterone in dogs is usually done to control or delay estrus. If this drug is used at anestrous it will inhibit the gonadotropin excretion beyond the basic level and it will prevent cycle from happening again in proestrus or at the beginning of estrus progesterone will prevent ovulation. Use of progesterone is not totally safe in bitches. It can cause several problems such as cystic endometrial hyperplasia and pyrometera. In this study the effects of medroxy progestrone acetat (MPA) on electrocardiographic changes are evaluated. After nutritional and environmental uniformity and other evaluations, the animals were divided into two groups with six bitches in each group. MPA was used at 10 mg/kg for the first group and 20 mg/kg for the second group. An ECG was recorded from the first group in time zero. MPA was injected intramuscularly and immediately after ECG recording and the time of injection was noted. Another ECG was recorded 0.5 and 2 hours after injection. The same process was repeated for the second group. It was observed that MPA at 20 mg/kg increased the heart rate and consequently PR interval and RR interval were decreased significantly in normal range. Also administration of drug at 10 mg/kg decreased the heart rate and increased PR interval, QT interval and RR interval significantly in normal range. It is probable that these observations are the result of MPAs dose dependent vasodilatory nature that induces the heart to exhibit compensative reactions such as increasing heart rate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Evaluation of the effects of exogenous auxin and cytokinin hormones on growth, morphology, photosynthetic pigment content and the possibility of creating favorable responses in the ornamental plant Adenium obesum
Aryan Sateei Masomeh Habibi Mehdi Ebadi Shadman Shikravi Mazeyar Ahmadi golsefidiThis study evaluates the effects of foliar application of auxins and cytokinins hormones on growth and photosynthetic pigment content in Adenium obsum. Experiments were performed in a completely randomized blocks with 8 treatments and a control group, 4 replications, an MoreThis study evaluates the effects of foliar application of auxins and cytokinins hormones on growth and photosynthetic pigment content in Adenium obsum. Experiments were performed in a completely randomized blocks with 8 treatments and a control group, 4 replications, and 8 stages of hormone application. Two types of auxin, IAA and IBA, 200 mg / l and of cytokinin, BAP and KIN, 400 mg / lit were used independently and in combination. The evaluated traits included leaf area, number of lateral buds and flowers, shoots and roots fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids content. Different treatments containing BAP as well as KIN and IAA + KIN increased leaf area. Highest increase was related to IAA + BAP. The application of hormonal treatments did not have a significant effect on shoot length, except for IBA and IBA + BAP treatments but other treatments increased root length. IBA + BAP and especially IAA + BAP treatment caused a significant increase in the number of lateral buds. Stem fresh weight also increased significantly in IBA + BAP, IAA + BAP and IAA treatments, but stem dry weight increased only in IAA + BAP. The treatments had no effect on root fresh weight but its dry weight increased in all treatments except IAA and IBA + KIN.The highest number of flowers was obtained without significant difference with the control in IBA + KIN treatment. Independent or combined BAP treatments reduced the number of flowers. The content of chlorophylls a and b increased under IAA + BAP and KIN-treated treatments. IBA + BAP also increased chlorophyll b content. Carotenoid content was not affected by treatments. Morphologically, IAA + BAP clearly affected the shape of the leaves, the appearance of the veins and the general shape of the plant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Investigating in vitro culture of Abu Jahl watermelon plant Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad
سورمه Qara Matrosyan مهلقا GhorbanliIn this research, the determination of the best cultivation environment for stem organogenesis and the selection of the most suitable cultivar from Abu Jahl watermelon seeds have been studied. In order to obtain sterile roasted seeds, the inhibition of the seed shell wa MoreIn this research, the determination of the best cultivation environment for stem organogenesis and the selection of the most suitable cultivar from Abu Jahl watermelon seeds have been studied. In order to obtain sterile roasted seeds, the inhibition of the seed shell was removed in concentrated sulfuric acid for 20 minutes. After washing with sterile distilled water, the seeds were transferred to a sterile culture medium. 20 days later, small pieces (cotyledon, terminal bud, cotyledon axis and root) were prepared from the roasted seeds and transferred to MS medium with different hormone treatments. All isolated cultures produced callus, and only the terminal bud treated with IAA and quintine equal to 1 mg in relitertolide produced callus, then it was differentiated into bud and branch. To determine the most suitable cultivation environment; Two cultivation environments were considered. MS basic culture medium with IAA and quintine treatment equal to 1 mg and MS basic culture medium, vitamin 2 equal to MS basic medium and benzyl aminopurine treatment 2 mg/liter along with naphthalene acetic acid 0.1 mg/liter. The terminal bud was separated from the sterile culture medium and placed in these two culture mediums. The design was based on a completely random block. Data collection was done in four stages. The ability to produce callus in the culture medium treated with benzyl aminopurine along with naphthalene acetic acid was higher than in the culture medium of IAA and quintine. In the cultivation environment with IAA and quintine treatment with equal amounts, branching and increase in the length of the branches were significant. In the culture medium, treatment with benzyl aminopurine along with naphthalene acetic acid caused the differentiation of callus into branches, but branching and increasing the length of branches were not significant. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - The study of the freezing and drying effects on quantity and quality of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil and caffeic acid
Elham Tazikeh Lemeski Javad Mahdavi MighanThis study to was evaluated the effect of freezing and drying methods on quality and quantity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil. The leaves of plant in blooming were collected from the medicinal plant garden in Islamic Azad University of Gorgan branch in July 2 MoreThis study to was evaluated the effect of freezing and drying methods on quality and quantity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. essential oil. The leaves of plant in blooming were collected from the medicinal plant garden in Islamic Azad University of Gorgan branch in July 2014. The samples were prepared in four groups: fresh, dried, fresh frozen and dried frozen. Essential oils were obtained by steam distillation (Clevenger apparatus) and were analyzed by GC/MS. The caffeic acid content of samples was measured by HPLC. Results were showed in all oils: iso-bornyl acetate (11.5%-14.3%), camphor (11.34%-12.7%), pulegone (7.8%-10.6%), α-phellandrene (0.3%-9.2%), β-caryophyllene (2.1%-8.87%), α-terpineol (3.34%-9.8%), 1,8-cineol (0.93%-6.7%), linalool (0%-4.45%) and camphen (3.3%-5.7%) were the major common constituents. The greatest amount of caffeic acid was reported in fresh samples of plant (0.016 mg / gram of plant leaves). According to results in both fresh and dried samples the essential oils had the highest quality and quantity ingredients. Although the trans-pinocarveol (5.1%), sabinene (4.8%), trans-ocymen (6.3%), geranyl acetate (15.2%) just were observed in fresh and dried samples. According to another researches, these constituents of plant oil have high antioxidant, anti-pathogen, anti-inflammation and anti-infection activity. Therefore it is recommended to improve the quality of plant processing by using fresh and dried materials. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - بررسی ترکیبهای شیمیایی اسانس گیاه دارویی Salvia acetabulosa L. در منطقه آشتیان (استان مرکزی)
معصومه خسرویرینه محمدرضا برزگر حسین لاری یزدی عظیم ابوطالبی یونس عصری -
Open Access Article
34 - Ag/KF/CP@MWCNTs promoted green synthesis of amide derivatives using primary amines: Reduction of Organic pollutant
Narges Ghasemi Mahboubeh Ghasemian Dazmiri -
Open Access Article
35 - Green synthesis and study of antioxidant activity of indole derivatives using multicomponent reaction of 2,4-diaminoacetophenone
Parvaneh Firoozi-khanghah Nafiseh Tabarsaei Morad Avarsaji -
Open Access Article
36 - Catalyst-free synthesis of aminothiazole derivatives in water
Mahboubeh Ghasemian Dazmiri Narges Ghasemi Annataj Noushin -
Open Access Article
37 - Green synthesis of thiazolo oxazin using multicomponent reactions of thiazole
Maryam Ghazvini Parvaneh Firoozi Khanghah Maryam Koohi -
Open Access Article
38 - Synthesis of iminofurane derivatives using one pot multicomponent reaction: Dynamic NMR Study
Sayyed Jalal Shams-Najafi Maryam Ghazvini Faramarz Rostami-Charati -
Open Access Article
39 - Synthesis of isoquinoline and quinoline derivatives using multicomponent reactions of ammonium acetate
Samanehsadat Sharifi Samira Khandan -
Open Access Article
40 - Green synthesis of imidazole derivatives using multicomponent reactions
Narges Ghasemi -
Open Access Article
41 - Green synthesis of iminooxazoles using one-pot multicomponent reactions of isocyanates
Mohaddeseh Yahyanezhad Kordmahalleh Ali Varasteh Moradi Maziar Ahmadi Golsefidi Zinatossadat Hossaini -
Open Access Article
42 - اثر ضدهپاتوفیبروتیک جزء استخراج شده با اتیل استات از پوست ساقه Bombax costatum Pellgr.EtVuillet بر فیبروز کبدی ناشی از CCl4 در موش
نوحو محمد یوسف آناکا علیو موسی جمیلو یانBackground & Aim: Bombax costatum stem bark is traditionally used in treatment of liver diseases but the anti-hepatofibrotic effect of its ethyl acetate fraction has not been scientifically evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-hepatofibrotic effect of et MoreBackground & Aim: Bombax costatum stem bark is traditionally used in treatment of liver diseases but the anti-hepatofibrotic effect of its ethyl acetate fraction has not been scientifically evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-hepatofibrotic effect of ethyl acetate fraction of B. costatum stem bark (EAB) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver fibrosis in mice. Experimental: Normal control group were administered olive oil while mice in the remaining groups received 0.4 ml/kg of CCl4 twice weekly for 6 weeks. Mice in treatment groups received EAB once daily orally for the next 2 weeks at doses of 31.25, 62.5 and 125 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Mice in standard control group received silymarin (100 mg/kg) daily for the next 2 weeks. Mice in toxic control group were sacrificed 72 hours after the last dose of CCl4 while mice in CCl4 control group were observed for the next 2 weeks for spontaneous resolution of fibrosis. Effect of treatment on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1), malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and liver histopathology were evaluated. Results: CCl4 intoxication caused significant (p < 0.05) elevation in TNFα, TGFβ1 and MDA with associated collagen deposition in the liver. Administration of EAB significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the level of TNFα, TGFβ1 as well as MDA and increased GSH level compared to CCl4 toxic group. Recommended applications/industries: Ethyl acetate fraction of B. costatum possesses anti-hepatofibrotic, anti-inflammatory and in vivo anti-oxidant activities against CCl4 induced liver fibrosis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - بررسی ترکیب های شیمیایی اسانس Anthemis hyalina DC از استان قزوین
محمد باقر رضایی کامکار جایمند ولی الله مظفریانمقدمه و هدف: گیاه Anthemis hyalina DC. که از خانواده ستاره آسا (Asteraceae) و تیره فرعی Radiae می باشد، دارای گونه های مختلفی است. با توجه به اهمیت گونه­های این خانواده از لحاظ بومی بودن و ارزش دارویی و غذایی آن، بررسی ترکیب­های مهم موجود در گیاه و اسانس آن در ا Moreمقدمه و هدف: گیاه Anthemis hyalina DC. که از خانواده ستاره آسا (Asteraceae) و تیره فرعی Radiae می باشد، دارای گونه های مختلفی است. با توجه به اهمیت گونه­های این خانواده از لحاظ بومی بودن و ارزش دارویی و غذایی آن، بررسی ترکیب­های مهم موجود در گیاه و اسانس آن در اولویت کاری ما قرار گرفت. بنابراین، در این تحقیق به بررسی کمی و کیفی اسانس گونه .Anthemis hyalina DC که در ایران رویش دارد، پرداختیم.روش تحقیق: جمع آوری گیاه مذکور از استان قزوین در سال 1387 انجام گرفت. پس از آماده سازی و خشک کردن سرشاخه گلدار گیاه در آزمایشگاه و اسانس گیری، به روش تقطیر با آب نسبت به بررسی ترکیب­های موجود در گیاه اقدام شد.نتایج و بحث: بازده اسانس در اندام گیاه 05/0 درصد، تعیین گردید. سپس نمونه اسانس توسط دستگاه­های کروماتوگرافی گازی (GC) و کروماتوگرافی گازی متصل به طیف سنج جرمی (GC/MS) مورد تجزیه قرار گرفتند. ترکیب­های عمده در سرشاخه گلدار عبارتند از : a-terpinene ( 5/58 درصد)، trans-chrysanthenyl acetate (3/5 درصد) و b-calacorene (4 درصد) می باشد.توصیه کاربردی/صنعتی: البته در پی بررسی های قبلی روی گونه­های این خانواده به خصوص گونه های Anthemis تغییر در میزان ترکیب­های عمده در آنها مشاهده شده است. از این­رو، این تحقیق از اهمیت خاصی برای صنایع غذایی و دارویی خواهد داشت. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - ریز ازدیادی (کشت درون شیشه) کلیماتیس (Clematis orientalis L)
علی ایزدی صادق آبادی احمد خلیقی عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی مرضیه تقی پوردهکردیمقدمه و هدف: کلیماتیس از گیاهان زینتی و دارویی است که تکثیر و ازدیاد آن از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. در این پژوهش اثر تنظیمکننده های رشد بر ریشه زایی و رشد گیاه در شرایط کشت درون شیشهای بررسی گردید. روش تحقیق: به منظور بررسی ریز ازدیادی کلیماتیس تأثیر هورمونهای &nbs Moreمقدمه و هدف: کلیماتیس از گیاهان زینتی و دارویی است که تکثیر و ازدیاد آن از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. در این پژوهش اثر تنظیمکننده های رشد بر ریشه زایی و رشد گیاه در شرایط کشت درون شیشهای بررسی گردید. روش تحقیق: به منظور بررسی ریز ازدیادی کلیماتیس تأثیر هورمونهای NAA(نفتالین استیک اسید) در غلظتهای ( 0، 4/0، 5/0 و 6/0 میلیگرم در لیتر) وIBA (ایندول بوتیریک اسید) در غلظتهای ( 0، 4/0، 5/0 و 6/0 میلیگرم در لیتر) با استفاده از کشت ریز نمونه های جانبی و انتهایی در شرایط درون شیشهای حاوی محیط کشت پایه موراشیگی و اسکوگ (MS) بررسی گردید. نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد که غلظتهای مختلف اکسین بر رشد گیاهچههای درون شیشه معنیدار بود؛ به طوری که بیشترین درصد ریشه زایی و تعداد شاخه در گیاه شاهد مشاهده شده است. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که با اضافه نمودن هورمون به محیط کشت، ریشه زایی کاهش یافت. بیشترین کاهش با اضافه نمودن 6/0 میلی گرم در لیتر هورمون NAA به محیط کشت MS مشاهده گردید. هم­چنین استفاده از ریز نمونه های جانبی بر تعداد شاخه گیاه تأثیر معنی داری داشت و موجب افزایش تعداد شاخه گیاه گردید. توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: نتایج این تحقیق تاثیر مثبت ریز نمونه های جانبی و محیط کشت بدون هورمون را در افزایش ریزازدیادی کلیماتیس نشان داد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - جداسازی برنئول و برنیل استات از Ferulago macrocarpaبا استفاده از تابش ریزموج
ژیلا اصغری محمد صالحی محسن مظاهری تهرانیمقدمه و هدف: یک روش ساده و سریع برای استخراج بورنئول و بورنیل­استات از گیاهFerulago macrocarpa تحت تابش اشعه ریز­موج در شرایط بهینه می­باشد این گیاه بومی جنگلهای ایران است.روش تحقیق: در این روش، اندام هوایی گیاه پس از خشک و پودر­کردن، در آب خیسانده شدند Moreمقدمه و هدف: یک روش ساده و سریع برای استخراج بورنئول و بورنیل­استات از گیاهFerulago macrocarpa تحت تابش اشعه ریز­موج در شرایط بهینه می­باشد این گیاه بومی جنگلهای ایران است.روش تحقیق: در این روش، اندام هوایی گیاه پس از خشک و پودر­کردن، در آب خیسانده شدند و سپس تحت تابش اشعه ریزموج در سیستم کلونجر در شرایط بهینه (520 وات و 5/0 ساعت) قرار گرفته شدند. نتایج و بحث: نتایج این روش در مقایسه با روش حرارتی معمولی موثرتر بود و در مدت زمان کوتاهی عمل عصاره گیری انجام شد. سرعت استخراج دو ترکیب بورنیل و بورنیل­استات به ترتیب حدود 2 و 3/1 برابر بیشتر از روش معمولی بود. پایین بودن هزینه، بالا بودن بازده، کیفیت و خلوص بالای محصول، از مزایای این روش نسبت به روش حرارتی معمولی می­باشد. به علاوه به دلیل عدم استفاده از حلال­های آلی، در توسعه شیمی سبز و سازگار با محیط زیست حائز اهمیت می­باشد.توصیه کاربردی/ صنعتی: میزان روغن این گیاه با استفاده از روش استخراج به کمک تابش اشعه ریز­موج و روش حرارتی معمولی غنی از بورنیل استات می­باشد. روغن استخراج شده با تابش ریز­موج از لحاظ کیفی مشابه با روش حرارتی معمولی بود که در زمان کوتاه تر انجام می­شود. بنابر­این استفاده از راکتور ریز موج می­تواند برای استخراج در مقیاس صنعتی مناسب باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - تنوع خصوصیات فیتوشیمیایی جمعیت های مختلف بابونه گاوی (مخلصه) با نام علمی Tanacetum parthenium کشت شده در شرایط آب و هوایی شهرکرد
راضیه عبدالهی ارجنکیمقدمه و هدف: بابونه گاوی یا مخلصه (Tanacetum parthenium L.) گیاهی دارویی، علفی، چند‎ساله متعلق به خانواده Asteraceae است که به طور خودرو در برخی از مناطق کشور می‎روید. بابونه گاوی در طب سنتی به عنوان ضد درد، مسکن، پایین آورنده تب، ضد روماتیسم و درمان میگرن Moreمقدمه و هدف: بابونه گاوی یا مخلصه (Tanacetum parthenium L.) گیاهی دارویی، علفی، چند‎ساله متعلق به خانواده Asteraceae است که به طور خودرو در برخی از مناطق کشور می‎روید. بابونه گاوی در طب سنتی به عنوان ضد درد، مسکن، پایین آورنده تب، ضد روماتیسم و درمان میگرن کاربرد دارد. مهم ترین ماده موثره این گیاه اسانس آن است. شرایط آب و هوایی نقش عمده‎ای در رشد، نمو، کیفیت و کمیت ماده مؤثره گیاهان دارویی دارند. هدف از این تحقیق بررسی تاثیر شرایط آب و هوایی منطقه کشت بر خصوصیات فیتوشیمیایی هشت جمعیت مختلف مخلصه کشت شده در سال 1393در شرایط آب و هوایی شهرکرد بود. روش تحقیق: در این تحقیق بذر گیاه مخلصه از هشت منطقه تهیه گردید. پس از تهیه نشا در گلخانه مرکز پژوهش‎های گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد شهرکرد نشاها در اوایل اردیبهشت سال 1393 به زمین اصلی واقع در مزرعه پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد شهرکرد انتقال داده شدند. قسمت هوایی گیاه در دو زمان پنجاه و صددرصد گلدهی برداشت شد. اسانس‎گیری نمونه‎ها در سه تکرار بوسیله کلونجر با روش تقطیر با آب انجام شد. آنالیز ترکیبات اسانس بوسیله دستگاه GC/MS انجام شد. نتایج و بحث: بیش‎ترین عملکرد اسانس مربوط به جمعیت گیلان‎تالش در مرحله صددرصد گلدهی و کم‎ترین عملکرد اسانس مربوط به جمعیت زیارت در مرحله پنجاه درصد گلدهی بود. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد مهم‎ترین ترکیبات اسانس در گیاه مخلصه کامفور و بورنیل استات می‎باشد که بیشترین میزان کامفور مربوط به جمعیت شاهرود با 05/49 درصد در مرحله پنجاه درصد گلدهی و بیشترین میزان بورنیل استات مربوط به جمعیت گیلان تالش با 56/13 درصد در مرحله صد درصد گلدهی بود. توصیهکاربردی/صنعتی:با توجه به راندمان اسانس و ترکیبات آن(خصوصا ترکیب کامفور و بورنیل استات) در گونه مخلصه و با توجه به اینکه تولید بیشتر ترکیبات مذکور مربوط به جمعیت شاهرود و گیلان تالش می‎باشد، بنابراین استفاده از جمعیت این دو منطقه جهت کشت و کار در شرایط آب و هوایی شهرکرد توصیه می‎شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticle by zinc acetate precursor and study on its catalytic properties
Azar Bagheri Ghomi -
Open Access Article
48 - A facile one-pot four-component synthesis of dihydropyrrol-2-ones using Cl3CCO2H
Nourallah Hazeri Malek Taher Maghsoodlou Sajad Mohamadian-Souri Mojtaba Lashkari Majid Ghashang -
Open Access Article
49 - 3-Hydroxypropylammonium acetate (HPAA) ionic liquid: An effective acidic media in efficient conversion of anilines into aryl isocyanates
Davood Azarifar Maryam Golbaghi Razieh Nejat-Yami -
Open Access Article
50 - Thiamine hydrochloride (Vit-B1): An optimized green alternative for the synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives
Somnath Gholap Navnath Gunjal -
Open Access Article
51 - A simple and green approach for the synthesis of substituted dihydro-2-oxypyrroles catalyzed by nano-Fe3O4@SiO2/SnCl4 superparamagnetic nanoparticles
Bi Bi Fatemeh Mirjalili Reza Araqi Seyed Ahmad Mohajeri -
Open Access Article
52 - N-sulfonic acid pyridinium-4-carboxylic acid chloride as a novel and efficient catalyst for the condensation reaction of aldehyde with thiobarbituric acid and ammonium acetate
Ahmad Reza Moosavi-Zare Hadis Afshar-Hezarkhani -
Open Access Article
53 - Nano-SiO2/Taurine as a new natural based catalyst for synthesis of hexahydroquinolines derivative
Saeed Sharifi Sharifabad Bi Bi Fatemeh Mirjalili Abdolhamid Bamoniri -
Open Access Article
54 - One-pot synthesis of functionalized thiazolidine-4-ones from thiosemicarbazone derivatives and activated acetylenes in water as a green solvent
Sayed Ali Ahmadi Dadkhoda Ghazanfari -
Open Access Article
55 - Change in the content of bioactive pharmaceutical-industrial compounds under the influence of hormonal treatments In Euphorbia trigona Mill.
Hakimeh Rezayi Aryan Sateei Tahereh A. Aghajanzadeh Mehdi Ebadi -
Open Access Article
56 - Comparison of the histopathological effects of acepromazine and xylazine as premedication on liver in Pigeon
Reza OsolzadehThe goal of performing this research was to review and compare histopathological effects of acepromazine and xylazine as a pre-anesthetic drug on liver tissue in pigeon. So, we used 18 clinically healthy male pigeons in the age range 8 to 12 months and their weight was MoreThe goal of performing this research was to review and compare histopathological effects of acepromazine and xylazine as a pre-anesthetic drug on liver tissue in pigeon. So, we used 18 clinically healthy male pigeons in the age range 8 to 12 months and their weight was between 300 to 450 g. The first group considered as the witness group and they were injected 30 mg/kg ketamine. And the second group were injected 1 mg/kg acepromazine intramuscularly and after 10 minutes, they were injected 30 mg/kg ketamine. The third group were injected 5 mg/kg xylazine and 10 minutes after that, they were injected 30 mg/kg ketamine. 24 hours after the injections, tissue samples were taken frome the pigeons' liver and histopathological reviews were performed. In histopathological reviews, the three groups' livers showed a normal situation but we witnessed a mild hyperemia in the second group and a mild mononuclear infiltration in kidney interstitum in the second and third group around the portal. The results of this research, for the first time showed that the use of acepromazine – ketamine and xylazine – ketamine anesthetic regimens in pigeons, does not cause any considerable histopathological damage in liver tissue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - اثر تنظیمکنندههای رشد، بستر کشت و نور در تولید سوخک سوسن رقم ꞋفوجیانꞋ با استفاده از روش فلسبرداری
ابوالفضل علی وردی داود عسگریسوسن از گل­های مهم در صنعت گل و گیاهان زینتی می­باشد. این گل از دسته گیاهان سوخواره بوده که با استفاده از سوخ کشت می­گردد. کشت فلس از سریع­ ترین و اقتصادی­ترین روش­های ازدیاد سوخ لاله در بین سایر روش­ها به شمار می­رود. تولیدکنندگان سوخ گل Moreسوسن از گل­های مهم در صنعت گل و گیاهان زینتی می­باشد. این گل از دسته گیاهان سوخواره بوده که با استفاده از سوخ کشت می­گردد. کشت فلس از سریع­ ترین و اقتصادی­ترین روش­های ازدیاد سوخ لاله در بین سایر روش­ها به شمار می­رود. تولیدکنندگان سوخ گل سوسن همواره با مشکلات متفاوتی در طی مراحل مختلف تولید مواجه می­شوند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف حل مشکلات مرحله اول ازدیاد سوخ از طریق فلس­برداری با دو آزمایش مجزا طراحی و اجرا گردید. در آزمایش اول چهار تیمار از دو نوع اکسین (ایندول- 3 - بوتیریک اسید و ایندول نفتالین استیک اسید در غلظت­های 250 و 500 میلی­گرم در لیتر) به همراه تیمار شاهد به­عنوان فاکتور اول و سه بستر کشت (کوکوپیت، کوکوپیت+پرلیت و پیت ماس سیاه) به­عنوان فاکتور دوم بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان داد بالاترین تعداد سوخک به ازای هر فلس (70/2) در تیمار 500 میلی­گرم در لیتر ایندول- 3 - بوتیریک اسید حاصل شد همچنین بالاترین مقدار وزن سوخک (81/0 گرم) و قطر سوخک (32/1 سانتیمتر) در تیمار شاهد حاصل گردید. نتایج بررسی اثر بسترهای کشت نشان داد بالاترین تعداد سوخک به ازای هر فلس (20/2)، وزن سوخک (71/0 گرم) و قطر سوخک (21/1 سانتیمتر) در بستر پیت ماس به­دست آمد. در آزمایش دوم، غلظت­های هورمونی فوق به­عنوان فاکتور اول و همچنین وجود یا عدم وجود نور به­عنوان فاکتور دوم مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد وجود یا عدم وجود نور در بسیاری از تیمارهای ارزیابی شده به جز قطر سوخک معنی دار نبوده و تنها قطر سوخک در عدم وجود نور افزایش پیدا کرد. پژوهش حاضر نشان داد در ازدیاد سوخ سوسن با استفاده از هورمون­های گیاهی می­توان برخی از صفات کمی و کیفت محصول را بهبود بخشید. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Effect of Thidiazuron and Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) on the Vase Life and Quality of Cut Alestroemeria hybrida
H. Bagheri S. SedaghathourAlstromeria is a new cut flower in Iran that due to the high performance, long life, and pretty flowers and colors diversity is highly regarded. Premature yellowing of leaves in cut flowersAlstromeria before petal fall is the most important factor limiting the vase life MoreAlstromeria is a new cut flower in Iran that due to the high performance, long life, and pretty flowers and colors diversity is highly regarded. Premature yellowing of leaves in cut flowersAlstromeria before petal fall is the most important factor limiting the vase life of flowers. To delay leaf yellowing and increased quality, factorial experiment based on completely randomized design carried out with the two factors thidiazuron (TDZ) (0, 10, 20 and 50 mg l-1) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (0, 10 and 20 mg l-1). Results showed that the maximum vase life and the value of chlorophyll b were achieved (20 mg l-1 thidiazuron 20 mg l-1 NAA) and the most petals proteins was related to treatment 10 mg l-1 thidiazuron and 20 mg l-1 NAA. The most petals carotenoids and dry matter content and the least ethylene production was obtained in 10 mg l-1 TDZ and 10 mg l-1 NAA, respectively. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - The effects of Cadmium nitrate and growth regulators in Phaseolus vulgaris L. tissue culture
Aida Taghizadeh ghavidel Ahmad Majd masome mirzaiCadmium is a heavy metal that it’s poisonous forms can naturally exist in soil or can enter to soil in following ways:by industrial activities,mine probing and agricultural fertilizers.Phaseolus vulgaris L.is one of the plants that can tolerate poison of cadmium a MoreCadmium is a heavy metal that it’s poisonous forms can naturally exist in soil or can enter to soil in following ways:by industrial activities,mine probing and agricultural fertilizers.Phaseolus vulgaris L.is one of the plants that can tolerate poison of cadmium and Bean is one of the most important species in Fabaceae family that have high economic significance in human nutrition.Regeneration by tissue culture is one of the effective and appropriate methods for preserving and also propagation of plants.In this study,research of effects cadmium nitrate and growth regulators in Phaseolus vulgaris L.tissue culture,percentage of germination,rhizogenesis and callus generation of seed of Bean plant cultivar(cos 16)in mediums containing cadmium nitrate and2ip hormone evaluated.In the Beginning seeds were surface sterilized respectively with:etanol70%,distilled water and sodium hypocholorite5%.Sterilized seeds were cultured into different culture containing:T0(MS),T1(MS+ 2ip: 0.1 mg⁄l );T2(MS + 2ip: 0.1mg⁄l +CdNo3:0.05mg⁄l);T3( MS+ CdNo3: 0.05mg⁄l)for percentage of germination.Explants of leaf and hypocotyl were prepared from ten-day sterilized seedling cultured in T0 medium and moved in T0(MS),T1(MS+2ip: 3mg⁄l );T2(MS+2ip: 5mg⁄l).A number of hypocotyl explants were transferred intoT1(MS+ NAA: 0.5mg⁄l),T2 (MS+ BAP:2.5mg⁄l) ;T3(MS+NAA:0.5mg⁄l+BAP:2.5mg⁄l). Eventually calluses of hypocotyl explant subcultured fromT0 medium into T0(MS), T1(MS+CdNo3:0.05mg⁄l);T2(MS+CdNo3: 0.1mg⁄l).According to the above results,maximum and minimum percentage of germination in T0(MS),T3(MS+CdNo3: 0.05mg⁄l).Best percentage of callus generation inT0(MS),was observed in hypocotyl explants.Also most rhizogenesis inT2(MS+2ip:5 mg⁄l)in leaf explant and Best callus generation and rhizogenesis were seen inT3(MS+NAA: 0.5 mg⁄l +BAP:2.5mg⁄l)in hypocotyl explant.Finally In subculture of the callus of hypocotyl explant,the most callus generation and rhizogenesis was observed in absence of cadmium nitrate:T0(MS). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Stereoselective and Triphenylphosphine-Catalyzed Synthesis of 2,2'-azanediyldifumarate and 2-benzoylfumarate: Synthesis of the Tekfidra drug derivatives
Seyed Javad Hosseini Safa Ali-AsgariThe reaction between tri phenyl phosphine, dialkyl acetylene di carboxylate and ammonium acetate in acetonitrile under mild conditions leads to the production of 2,2'-azane diyl di fumarates with a good yield. Also the reaction between tri phenylphosphine, di methyl ace MoreThe reaction between tri phenyl phosphine, dialkyl acetylene di carboxylate and ammonium acetate in acetonitrile under mild conditions leads to the production of 2,2'-azane diyl di fumarates with a good yield. Also the reaction between tri phenylphosphine, di methyl acetylene di carboxylate and benzaldehydes in di chloromethane under mild conditions leads to the production of 2-benzoylfumarate derivatives with a suitable yield. In both reactions, tri phenylphosphine, as a catalyst, produces a 1,3-di polar intermediate by nucleophilic attack on acetylenic carbon, and it is removed as a leaving group in the final stage of the reaction. Also, both reactions are stereoselective, and only one isomer was isolated among the possible stereoisomers. Synthesized compounds are important as derivatives of the Tekfidra drug (di methyl fumarate), which is used in the treatment of MS. The structures of the products were determined by 1HNMR, 13CNMR, IR, elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction data. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Synthesis of highly pure poly (vinylacetate) by one- step controlled radical polymerization in the presence of cobalt catalyst using cross linked suspended polyvinyl acetate particles
محمد علی سمسارزاده علیرضا سبزواری سیده محبوبه رضویOne of the main drawbacks in organometallic-mediated radical polymerization techniques is a high amount of catalyst residual in the polymer product, which results in deep colors in polymer mixture .In this research, cross linked suspended polyvinyl acetate )SPVAc( was u MoreOne of the main drawbacks in organometallic-mediated radical polymerization techniques is a high amount of catalyst residual in the polymer product, which results in deep colors in polymer mixture .In this research, cross linked suspended polyvinyl acetate )SPVAc( was used as catalyst adsorbing agent and its release in cobalt-mediated radical polymerization of vinyl acetate. For this purpose, firstly, the adsorption process of cobalt acetylacetonate on these particles and also the thermodynamics of this process were studied. SPVAc particles have the capability of the catalyst adsorption at low temperatures and adsorbed catalyst particles are gradually released by increasing temperature to polymerization reaction temperature. The kinetic studies for vinyl acetate polymerization in the presence of cobalt acetylacetonate adsorbed on the SPVAc particle is compared with cobalt acetylacetonate mediated polymerization of vinyl acetate in the absence of SPVAc particle. The results have proved positive effects of these particles on the rate and kinetic of reaction. Then, radical polymerization of vinyl acetate without the need for purification of polymer was carried out successfully through a single reaction in a column packed with alumina and a layer of adsorbed cobalt acetylacetonate catalyst on the SPVAc particles. In this method, the slow adsorption and desorption of cobalt complex by suspended polyvinyl acetate, were followed by the radical polymerization and the final separation step. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Isolation and identification of producing sialidase enzyme bacteria isolated from normal micro flora of mouth
Farzaneh Hosseini Rouya Razavipour Elmira Ebrahimi -
Open Access Article
63 - The study of Yield and Yield Components of Red Beans in Condition of Drought Stress and Seed Pre-Treatment With Growth Regulators
منا محتشمی احمد نادری علی اکبر قنبری مجتبی علوی فاضل شهرام لکIn order to investigate the effect of seed priming with growth regulators on yield and yield components of red bean lines this research was conducted as spilt factorial in RCBD design with three replications. The treatment consists of three levels of irrigation (after e MoreIn order to investigate the effect of seed priming with growth regulators on yield and yield components of red bean lines this research was conducted as spilt factorial in RCBD design with three replications. The treatment consists of three levels of irrigation (after evaporation of 60-55, 85-80 and 115-110 mm) two lines of red beans ( KS31169 ,D81083) and seed priming including salicylic acid and naphthalene acetic acid at four levels (P0:control, distilled water; P1: 0.5 m mol L-1 NAA; P2: 0.7 m mol L-1 SA; P3: combination of SA and NAA at rates of 0.5 and 0.7 m mol L-1). The results showed that the simple effects and the interactive effects of genotype × seed priming with on all the studied traits were significant except for the harvest index and pod length. Maximum 100-seed weight of (44 g) and biological yield of (14715.88 kg h-1 ) were achieved in the KS31169 line through the use of (NAA), under irrigation after 80-85 mm evaporation. The seed yield of (3454.16 kg h-1) were observed through the use of (NAA) and (SA) pretreatments for drought stress treatment. The results of stepwise regression of yield and the related traits 88 % of grain yield changes was explained by biological yield, grain yield, harvest index, number of seeds per pod and seed weight. Generally, it can be concluded that seed pretreatment can help improve and develop the yield under drought stress, directly and indirectly by affecting the morphological and physiological properties of plants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Effect of humic acid application on growth characteristics and changes in the active ingredients of medicinal plant
Maryam Bahador Abdolhossein Aboutalebi Jahromi Behnam Behrooznam Vahid RoshanThe use of humic acid fertilizer had a positive effect on the measured characteristics of Iranian sage and also the percentage of essential oil compounds. Dry weight of leaves (0.5 g) and number of inflorescences (35) and inflorescence weight (1.8 g) due to the use of 1 MoreThe use of humic acid fertilizer had a positive effect on the measured characteristics of Iranian sage and also the percentage of essential oil compounds. Dry weight of leaves (0.5 g) and number of inflorescences (35) and inflorescence weight (1.8 g) due to the use of 15 g of humic application was obtained. The amount and type of essential oil constituents were determined by GC and MS/GC devices and a total of 62 compounds were isolated from Iranian sage essential oil under the influence of experimental treatments, of which 18 similar compounds were present in all treatments. The most important compounds in Iranian sage essential oil was reported 5-neo-Cedranol (20.11%), Linalyl acetate (16.52), Terpinyl acetate (14.28%), Linalool (5.22) and Bicyclogermacrene (4.68%). Compounds Percentage increased with increasing humic acid density. As a result of using a concentration of 15 g / l of humic acid, the 5-neo-Cedranol, α-Terpinyl acetate, Bicyclogermacrene and Linalyl acetate compounds increased by 37.5, 22.5, 32.7 and 20.5 percent compared to control. The total phenolic compounds in the plant extract due to the use of 15 g / l humic acid increased significantly and by 72.8% compared to the control without fertilizer (516.43 mg / l). The highest phenolic composition in Iranian sage extract in this study was Rosmarinic acid at the rate of 421.64 mg / l at the level of 15 g / l humic acid. The use of humic acid caused a significant increase in the amount of antioxidants in the plant extract. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of lidocaine and hydrocortisone acetate in pharmaceutical preparations by multivariate calibration methods
Amir H.M. Sarrafi Manochehr Bahmaei Assieh Z. Mousavi -
Open Access Article
66 - Effect of some additives on degradation of poly (vinyl chloride- co- vinyl
Mohamamd Taghi Taghizadeh Abbas Agha Bozorgi -
Open Access Article
67 - Effects of Naphthalene Acetic Acid and Carbaryl on Fruit Thinning in ‘Kinnow’ Mandarin Trees
Golnar Safaei-Nejad Ali-Reza Shahsavar Abbas Mirsoleimani -
Open Access Article
68 - Synergistic Effects of Sub-Lethal Concentrations of Deltamethrin on Lead Acetate Toxicity in Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica)
Fatemeh Hamidipoor Mahdi Banaee Hamid Reza Pourkhabbaz Saeideh Javanmardi -
Open Access Article
69 - The effect of manganese (III) acetylacetonate nano coating on the mechanism of thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate
Marjan Tahriri Mohammad Mahdavi Hossein Farrokh pourNano-sized manganese (III) acetylacetonate (Mn(acac)3) was coated on the surface of ammonium perchlorate (AP) by sol-gel method, for reducing thermal decomposition temperature of AP. Analysis of thermal gravimetry (TG) results showed that manganese (III) acetylacetonate MoreNano-sized manganese (III) acetylacetonate (Mn(acac)3) was coated on the surface of ammonium perchlorate (AP) by sol-gel method, for reducing thermal decomposition temperature of AP. Analysis of thermal gravimetry (TG) results showed that manganese (III) acetylacetonate nano-coating has been converted to manganese spinel before the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate and this nano-sized manganese spinel had a good catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. In this paper, X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) and scanning electron microscopic images (SEM) were used to prove the formation of nano-coating on the surface of ammonium perchlorate and identification nanocomposites, respectively. As well as, the catalytic effect of nano-sized manganese spinel resulted from manganese (III) acetylacetonate studied by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate and thermal decomposition of nano composite Mn(acac)3/AP showed that decomposition peaks of ammonium perchlorate decreased from 422 ºC to 318 ºC and from 317 ºC to 279 ºC ,respectively. According to the reduction effect of the nano-sized coating on the decomposition peaks of AP, it has been revealed that nano-coating has a significant effect on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate and eventually improved the performance of solid propellants. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - Synthesis of Cadmium Doped Nickel Copper Ferrite Nanoparticles and Investigation of Their Sensing Properties for the Detection of Acetonitrile in Little Accounts
Hossein Emami Hamid Reza EbrahimiIn this study cadmium doped nickel copper ferrite Ni0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 (cd doped) nanoparticles with spinel structure were synthesized using co-precipitation method. The nanoparticles were employed as a gas sensing material. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) MoreIn this study cadmium doped nickel copper ferrite Ni0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 (cd doped) nanoparticles with spinel structure were synthesized using co-precipitation method. The nanoparticles were employed as a gas sensing material. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques were used to characterize the nanoparticles structure. The sensing behavior of the nanoparticles was examined in the presence of different gases including. Acetone, acetonitrile, acrylonitrile, formamide, caron tetrachloride, vinyl acetate, ethanol, ammonia, and methanol. The characterization process was performed for a concentration of a 200 ppm and within a temperature interval from 50 ˚C to 300 ˚C and the best sensing behavior was found to be at 200 ˚C. Furthermore, various concentrations of acetonitrile gas at 200 ˚C within a concentration interval of 20 to 200 ppm were tested and it is found that the higher concentrations will result in a better response. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
71 - The Effects of Desmopressin Acetate during the Prenatal and Neonatal Development of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis on Serum Levels of Sexual Hormones at Puberty in Male Rats
سید ابراهیم حسینی مختار مختاری گلشید ساکیDesmopressin acetate (DA) is one of the synthetic replacements of vasopressin. Considering the possible effects of this medication on the reproductive system, in the present study the effects of this medication during fetal and neonatal development of the hypothalamic p MoreDesmopressin acetate (DA) is one of the synthetic replacements of vasopressin. Considering the possible effects of this medication on the reproductive system, in the present study the effects of this medication during fetal and neonatal development of the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal (HPG) axis on sexual hormones of peripubertal male rat offspring was determined. In this experimental study fifty female and twenty adult male wistar rats were used. after becoming pregnant, females were divided into five groups of ten including the control group (no treatment), Sham group 1 and experimental group 1 which received intraperitoneal injection of distilled water and 6mcg/Kg/day DA, prenatally, and Sham group 2 and experimental group 2 that received nothing, but their offspring received intraperitoneal injection of distilled water and 6mcg/Kg/day DA, neonatally. At ninth weeks after birth, the concentration of sexual hormones was measured by Electrochemiluminescence. The results were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA test. The results indicate that the concentration of sexual hormones in prenatally and neonatally treated male rats was not significantly different than the control group. It is suggested that DA doesnandrsquo;t cross the placenta and doesnandrsquo;t interfere with fetal development of HPG axis of male rat offspring. Also, because of the stopped development of leydig cells and its inactivated receptors during neonatal period, the steroidogenesis of leydig cells during pripubertal period wouldnandrsquo;t undergo the effects of DA which was injected at the first week of life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
72 - Protective Effect of Vitamin C on Liver Tissue and Function in Female Newborns from the Mothers Treated with Lead Acetate
مرضیه سلطانیان مهرداد شریعتی اسفندیار شریفیVitamin C is a simple compound of 6 carbons and it can be found in vegetable foods, and it has important roles in the body. Lead is one of the heavy metals and basic elements of igneous rocks of earth crust. Lead is produced from lead filtration but the machines is taki MoreVitamin C is a simple compound of 6 carbons and it can be found in vegetable foods, and it has important roles in the body. Lead is one of the heavy metals and basic elements of igneous rocks of earth crust. Lead is produced from lead filtration but the machines is taking into account from important resources lead production in cities. This material is absorbed by respiratory system, digestive system, and skin. This study due to the importance of liver role in the body and having high rates of lead in environment, by the aim of reviewing protection effect of Vitamin C on the activity of liver enzyme, such as Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alkaline Phosphate (ALP), and the some biomechanical factors of blood like protein and albumin is done. The rats which fed and curry with acetate is done. In this study, 48 male rats (Wistar strain) from the mothers which classified and fed with specified doses, and found in experiment groups 3 and 4, at first 100 mg/kg lead acetate and to the order 500, 250 mg/kg vitamin C was found in pregnant period, and were divided into 6 group of 8th. Control group did not administrated by any drugs and sham group was found distilled water (as a solvent). The drugs is given to the mothers in all period of pregnant as edible. After ending the pregnancy period and in 22th days, the blood sampling was done. The time of test is accounted 42 days (control groups, sham, experiment 1,2,21 days and experiment group 3,4,42 days.).The evaluation of level rate of enzyme plasma ALP, ALT, ASP, albumin, protein was done diagnosis kits of Pars Azmoon Company by RA-1000 machine. Also, histology review was done by staining Hematoxylin – Eosin. The results which received from the tests were analyzed by statistical analysis of Tukey Tests, ANOVA Test and T-Test.The comparison of statistical test results from larvae weight is indicated that experiment groups which received different rates of drug rather than control group showed significant reduction in the level of P≤ 0.05, and among experiment which received different dose of drug and control group, there was seen significant increase in liver enzyme, ALT, ALP, AST... In a manner that in maximum receiver of drug was seen significant increasing rather than control group. Also, the results show that the changes in liver weight and the rate of albumin and protein serum in experiment groups of drug receiver from control group is not significant. In tissue samples produced by increasing rate of drug, was seen more necrosis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
73 - The Effect of Bornyl Acetate on Male Alzheimer's Disease Wistar Rats and In Vitro Amyloid Fibrils and Investigating the Immobility Stress
Hamid-Reza Alipour Parichehreh Yaghmaei Shahin Ahmadian Maryam Ghobeh Azadeh Ebrahim-HabibiAlzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that results in neuronal death and memory loss as it progresses. Following the progression of this disease, the production of free radicals and inflammatory factors occurs and it is now increasingly widespread, especia MoreAlzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that results in neuronal death and memory loss as it progresses. Following the progression of this disease, the production of free radicals and inflammatory factors occurs and it is now increasingly widespread, especially among the elderly. Studies show that Bornyl acetate, as a monoterpene, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, the present study aims at assessing the effects of Bornyl acetate on AD male Wistar rats. Aβ1-42 was injected into the hippocampus of male rats bilaterally to create the Alzheimer's model. The therapeutic as well as the preventive effects of Bornyl acetate at a dosage (50, 20 mg/kg) were also investigated. Moreover, biochemical enzymes, SOD and MDA, shuttle box behavioral test, histological studies and hematoxylin & eosin and thioflavin-S staining were used to evaluate neurogenesis and amyloid plaques and the effects of short-term restraint stress on AD rats as well as the effects of the compound in vitro. Biochemical factors, histological images and behavioral test of the AD group were significantly different from the control groups and AD group showed a significant decline in learning and memory indices compared with the control group. Also, receiving a Bornyl acetate caused a significant increase in neurogenesis and a significant decrease in plaque density as well as significant changes in biochemical indices and behavioral tests. In addition, Bornyl acetate + restraint stress (R) group elevated learning speed and improved memory compared with the AD group. Notably, the above combination reduced amyloid fibrils in vitro. It seems that this compound can improve memory disorders and complications according to the results of the present study and previous reports suggest the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Bornyl acetate. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
74 - بررسی اثر تزریق وریدی استامینوفن(آپوتل) در تسکین درد پس از عمل ابدومینوپلاستی
Naser Sanjar Mousavi Rozita KhaliliBackground:Pain management is a crucial component in the postoperative care of patient. Opioids,which have been the mainstay of postoperative pain control for some time, are being used less because of significant adverse effects. Recently Intravenous acetami MoreBackground:Pain management is a crucial component in the postoperative care of patient. Opioids,which have been the mainstay of postoperative pain control for some time, are being used less because of significant adverse effects. Recently Intravenous acetaminophen that is a analgesic and antipyretic drug is used for reduce postoperative pain. Objective: Efficacy of Intravenous Acetaminophen (Apotel) in control of pain after abdominoplasty. Methods: In this clinical trial 60 patients who underwent abdominoplasty and were willing to participate in this research project were randomly divided into two groups A and B.After the patient is awaked the pain based VLAS scoring system recording in the questionnaire, in A group we used intravenous acetaminophen 1000 mg , Acetaminophen was administered every 6 hours up to 4 times and the pain in injection time and three hours after injection was record. Due to ethical considerations and the rights of patients, despite taking acetaminophen if the patient still had pain we used other methods such as intramuscular injection of 10 mg methadone or 100 mg diclofenac suppository. In group B, conventional methods of pain relief in patients with an intramuscular injection of 10 mg of methadone and diclofenac suppository mg 100 was used. Assessment of pain in these patients during and three hours after injection were performed. Results: In general, pain was different in the two groups and greater pain reduction was observed in the control group and the difference was statistically significant (p=0/024). the total amount of opioid that was, methadone 70 mg in acetaminophen group and methadone 1200 mg in control group, be differed. Also taking diclofenac as an analgesic supplement distributed 30% in the acetaminophen group and 50% in the control group (p=0/114). After review of adverse events in both groups no significant difference was found between the two groups (p>0/05).Alpha Conclusion: According to the information obtained, Intravenous acetaminophen is effective in reduction of postoperative pain after abdminoplasty and reducing opioids consumption. Therefore can be appropriate and available alternative of opioids in postoperative relieving pain. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
75 - Investigation the effect of chitosan foliar application on yield and qualitative traits of Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.)
A. Naeimi far L. Pourhosseini M.N. Ilkaee R. Kalhor Monfared Biological stimulants can play an important role in increasing the essential oil of medicinalplants, through positive effects on growth and effective substances. In this research, the effectof chitosan foliar application as a biological stimulus on the quantitativ More Biological stimulants can play an important role in increasing the essential oil of medicinalplants, through positive effects on growth and effective substances. In this research, the effectof chitosan foliar application as a biological stimulus on the quantitative and qualitative traitsof Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) was investigated. This research was carried out in 2017in the greenhouse of Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch, in three replications. Theexperimental treatments included: chitosan at 4 levels, zero (control), 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 gramsper liter. The results show that the effects of chitosan on morphological traits including thelength of the main stem, the number of secondary stems, the diameter of the main stem, thelength of the main root, the dry weight of the stem and root, as well as chlorophyll a andchlorophyll b were significant. The maximum mentioned traits were obtained in the treatmentof 1.5 grams per liter of chitosan. The maximum percentage of essential oil was obtained in thetreatment of 2 g/l and the maximum percentage of geraniol and geranial were obtained inconcentration of 1 g/L Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
76 - Study of the effect of auxin and gibberellin on growth, total chlorophyll, carotenoid and terpenoid content in Euphorbia trigona Mill.
Hakimeh Rezaei Aryan Sateei Tahereh A. Aghajanzadeh Mehdi EbadiThis study was conducted to investigate the effect of auxin and gibberellin on Euphorbia trigona Mill. in a randomized complete block design in 2020, and in greenhouse conditions. One minute pretreatments including auxin regulators NAA, IBA and IAA at a concentration of MoreThis study was conducted to investigate the effect of auxin and gibberellin on Euphorbia trigona Mill. in a randomized complete block design in 2020, and in greenhouse conditions. One minute pretreatments including auxin regulators NAA, IBA and IAA at a concentration of 500 mg / l and treatments containing GA, IAA, IBA and NAA, 250 mg / l were compared with each other and with control plants. Stems and roots fresh weight, dry weight, dry weight percentage, total photosynthetic pigments content as well as total terpenoids were measured. Fresh and dry weight and the percentage of dry weight of stem did not show sensitivity to the treatments and pretreatments, and the effects were not significant. NAA treatment had the most positive effect on roots fresh and dry weight, although the percentage of root dry weight was not significantly affected by the treatments. The highest significant increase in terpenoid content was observed in NAA treatment and NAA and IBA pretreatments. GA treatment had the most positive effects on the content of each of chlorophylls a and b, total and carotenoid content. In terms of effect on photosynthetic antenna composition, the most positive effects on the ratio of total chlorophyll to carotenoids were observed in GA, NAA, IAA and IAA pretreatments. IAA treatment also showed a significant increase in chlorophyll a to b ratio. The correlation between growth parameters with each other and also the correlation of chlorophyll content with each other and with carotenoids was positive and significant. However, the correlation of terpenoid content with none of the other traits was significant. On the other hand and from an application point of view, based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry measurements, naphthalene-acetic-acid treatment was effective in severely increasing the content of valuable medicinal compound, bis-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, compared to the control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
77 - The effect of pulsing and continuous treatments of chemical preserving solutions on increasing the vase life and quality of cut carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus L., cv.Yellow Candy)
Masoud Zadehbagheri anita namayandeh mohammadreza solati shurangiz javanmardiCarnations are one of the most common cut flowers in many countries and have economic importance in the floriculture industry. Their vase life duration could be increased by some methods. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of some chemical solutions on cut c MoreCarnations are one of the most common cut flowers in many countries and have economic importance in the floriculture industry. Their vase life duration could be increased by some methods. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of some chemical solutions on cut carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus) after harvest using a factorial statistical design based on a completely random blocks (factor A: chemical treatments with eight levels including, control, sucrose, HQC350 & 500 mg L-1, salicylic acid 300 & 400 mg L-1, Calcium acetate 2 & 3 mmol L-1 and factor B: duration of treatment application with 4 levels including 7, 14, 21 and continuous hours) and with three replications and evaluation of vase life, fresh weight, water absorption and appearance quality of the flowers. The results of variance analysis showed that chemical treatments had a significant effect on the studied characteristics. The period for solution intake was also significant regarding the studied characteristics (except water absorption). The effect of interaction of the type of solution and time of solution intake was significant for all characteristics. The results of mean comparison showed that Calcium acetate 2ml had the highest effect on the shelf life of the flower and the 8-HQC500 had the most effect on the fresh weight of the flowers. Its apparent quality and finally the 8-HQC350 treatment had the most effect on the flower's water absorption. Salicylic acid also had a beneficial effect on increasing the quality of cut carnations. The pulsing treatment had the highest effect on most of the studied characteristics after a 7-hour solution intake. Generally, the role of Calcium acetate on improving the quality of cut carnations is due to its effect on postponing and deactivating some destructive and physiologic processes with the help of Calcium. Moreover, the HQC treatments, due to its anti-microbial effect, revents the accumulation of micro-organisms in xylem vascular tissues and therefore prevents their obstruction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
78 - Effects of anti-transpiration spraying and irrigation cutting off on yield and yield components of sunflower hybrid of Farrokh as second crop at Miyaneh region, Iran
Ahad Samadi Ali FaramarziTo study the effects of anti-transpiration spraying and irrigation cutting off in different growth stages on yield and yield components of sunflower hybrid of Farrokhas second crop at Miyaneh region, an experiment was conducted at the Research Station of Faculty of Agri MoreTo study the effects of anti-transpiration spraying and irrigation cutting off in different growth stages on yield and yield components of sunflower hybrid of Farrokhas second crop at Miyaneh region, an experiment was conducted at the Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture Islamic Azad University (Miyaneh Branch) during 2013 cropping season. The experiment was in randomized complete block design with three replications. The experiment factors were anti-transpiration spraying with paraffin, atrazine, and phenyl mercuric acetate (PMA), along with irrigation cutting off in inflorescence full blooming and seed filling stages. The traits of seed yield, , biological yield, harvest index, number of seeds per head, seed weight, oil percent, leaf dry weight, head diameter was measured at the end of experiment. There were significant difference of interaction between irrigation cutting off and anti- transpiration application on seed weight, head diameter at 1% and oil percentage at 5% probability level. PMA application caused the highest seed yield and head dry weight. Irrigation cutting off in inflorescence emergence stage along with atrazine implementation led to the highest oil percentage, head diameter and seed number per head. Regarding the results, anti-transpiration application and longer water storage could be one of the suitable methods for high production of sunflower in arid and semi-arid areas. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
79 - Effect of Guanidino Acetic Acid Supplementation in Soybean Meal and Canola Meal-Based Diets on Broiler Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Liver Enzymes, and Intestinal Morphology
F.S. Mirsalehi Behrouz Dastar O. Ashayerizadeh R. MirshekarA total of 288 Ross 308 broiler chickens (mixed sex) were used to investigate the effect of supplemental guanidino acetic acid (GAA) to soybean meal (SBM) and canola meal (CM) based diets on growth per-formance, carcass characteristics, liver enzymes, and morphometric i MoreA total of 288 Ross 308 broiler chickens (mixed sex) were used to investigate the effect of supplemental guanidino acetic acid (GAA) to soybean meal (SBM) and canola meal (CM) based diets on growth per-formance, carcass characteristics, liver enzymes, and morphometric indexes. Birds were randomly assigned to four treatments in a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement consisting of 2 types of oil seed meal (SBM and CM) and 2 levels of GAA (0 and 0.6 g/kg) with six replicates in each. The results indicated that birds fed with CM diet had significantly lower feed intake and body weight gain and a worse feed conversion ratio than those fed with SBM diet (P<0.05). Supplementing GAA to the CM diet but not to the SBM diet led to increased feed intake so that the value was similar to those birds receiving the SBM diet as a statistical point (P<0.05), while the improvement of body weight gain was not achieved completely. Carcass, breast, and thigh yields were statistically lower in birds fed the CM diet than those fed the SBM diet, while the abdominal fat and liver weight were higher (P<0.05). Neither type of oil seed meal nor GAA significantly affected the liver enzymes and nitric oxide concentrations, as well as gut mor-phometric indexes (P<0.05). It can be concluded that supplementing 0.6 g/kg GAA to the CM-based diet to some extent improves the growth performance of broiler chickens, and more content may be needed for complete improvement. Manuscript profile