The effect of pulsing and continuous treatments of chemical preserving solutions on increasing the vase life and quality of cut carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus L., cv.Yellow Candy)

Subject Areas :

Masoud  Zadehbagheri ¹ (Assistant professor, College of Agricultural Science, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch.)
anita  namayandeh ² (Assistant professor, College of Agricultural Science, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch.)
mohammadreza  solati ³ (M.Sc., College of Agricultural Science, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch.)
shurangiz  javanmardi ⁴ (M.Sc., College of Agricultural Science, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz Branch.)

Received: 2010-08-28 Accepted : 2010-11-16 Published : 2010-08-23

Keywords: Calcium acetate, Cut carnations, 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate, Pulsing treatment,

Abstract :

Carnations are one of the most common cut flowers in many countries and have economic importance in the floriculture industry. Their vase life duration could be increased by some methods. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of some chemical solutions on cut carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus) after harvest using a factorial statistical design based on a completely random blocks (factor A: chemical treatments with eight levels including, control, sucrose, HQC350 & 500 mg L-1, salicylic acid 300 & 400 mg L-1, Calcium acetate 2 & 3 mmol L-1 and factor B: duration of treatment application with 4 levels including 7, 14, 21 and continuous hours) and with three replications and evaluation of vase life, fresh weight, water absorption and appearance quality of the flowers. The results of variance analysis showed that chemical treatments had a significant effect on the studied characteristics. The period for solution intake was also significant regarding the studied characteristics (except water absorption). The effect of interaction of the type of solution and time of solution intake was significant for all characteristics. The results of mean comparison showed that Calcium acetate 2ml had the highest effect on the shelf life of the flower and the 8-HQC500 had the most effect on the fresh weight of the flowers. Its apparent quality and finally the 8-HQC350 treatment had the most effect on the flower's water absorption. Salicylic acid also had a beneficial effect on increasing the quality of cut carnations. The pulsing treatment had the highest effect on most of the studied characteristics after a 7-hour solution intake. Generally, the role of Calcium acetate on improving the quality of cut carnations is due to its effect on postponing and deactivating some destructive and physiologic processes with the help of Calcium. Moreover, the HQC treatments, due to its anti-microbial effect, revents the accumulation of micro-organisms in xylem vascular tissues and therefore prevents their obstruction.

References:

Anju B, Tripathi SN, Sehgal OP, Bhat A (2000) Effect of pulsing packaging and storage treatments on vase life of Chrysanthemum cut flowers. Advances in Horticulture and Forestry 6: 125-131.

Bai JG, Xu PL, Zong CS (2009) Effects of exogenous calcium on some postharvest characteristics of cut gladiolus. Agricultural Sciences in China 8 (3): 293-303.

Bartoli CG, Juan G, Edgardo M (1997) Ethylene production and responces to exogenous ethylene in senescing petals of Chrysanthemum morifolium RAM cv. Unsei. Plant Science 124: 15-21.

Borochov A, Mayak S (1984) The effect of simulated shipping conditions on subsequentbud opening of cut spray carnation flowers. Scientia Horticulturae 22: 173–180.

Burdett AN (1970) The cause of bent neck in cut roses. Journal of American Society of Horticultural Science
95: 427-431.

Celikel FG, Karacaly Y (1995) Effect of preharvest factors on flower quality and longevity of cut carnations (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). Acta Horticulturae 405: 156-163.

Chikkasubbanna V, Yogitha N (2002) Effect of chemical preservatives on post harvest longevity of cut roses cvs. Cream Prophyta and Sacha. Crop Research Hisar 24 (1): 49-52.

Gibson SI, Laby RJ, Kim D (2002) The sugar-insensitive (sis1) mutant of Arabidopsis is allelic to ctr1. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 280: 196-203.

Gilman KF, Steponkus PL (1972) Vascular blockage in cut roses. Journal of American Society of Horticultural Science 97: 662-667.

Goszczynska DM, Rudnicki RM (1985) Storage of cut flowers. Horticultural Reviews 3: 59-143.

Halevy AH, Mayak S (1981) Senescence and post harvest physiology of cut flowers. Horticultural Reviews
3: 39-143.

Henriette MC, Clerkx ACM (2001) Anatomy of cut rosa xylem observed by scanning electron microscope. Acta Horticulturae 547: 329-339.

Ichimura K, Kojima K, Goto R (1999) Effects of temperature, 8-hydroxy quanoline solfate and sucrose on the vase life of cut flower of postharvest. Biological Technology 15: 33-40.

Jen LL, Lin YH, Huang KL, Chen WS, Cheng YM (2000) Post harvest life of cut rose flowers as affected by silver thiosulfate and sucrose. Botanical Bulletin of Academia Sinica 41(4): 299-303.

Jones RB, Hill M (1993) The effect of germicides on the longevity of cut flowers. Journal of American Society of Horticultural Science 118: 350-354.

Kim Y, Lee JS (2002) Changes in bent neek, water balance, and vase life of cut rose cultivars as affected by preservative solution. Journal of Korean Society of Horticultural Science 43(2): 201-207.

Knee M (2000) Selection of biocides for use in floral preservatives. Postharvest Biology and Technology
18: 227-234.

Kuiper D, Ribot S, Van Reenen HS, Marissen N (1995) The effect of sucrose on the flower bud opening of Made Ion cut roses. Science of Horticulture 60: 325-336.

Kwon H, Kim K (2000) Inhibition of lipox ygenase and microorganism growth in cut freesia by pulsing treatment. Journal of Korean Society of Horticultural Science 41: 135-138.

Mayak S, Dilley DR (1976) Effect of sucrose on response of cut carnation to kinetin, ethylene, and abscisic acid. Journal of American Society of Horticultural Science 101: 583-585.

Meir S, Philosoph SH, michaeli R, Davidson H, Fogelman M, Shaffer A, Fjeld T, Stromme E (1995) Improvement of the keeping quality of mini-gladiolus spikes during prolonged storage by sucrose pulsing and modified atmosphere packaging. Acta Horticulturae 405: 335-342.

Petridou M, Voyiatzi C, Voyiatzis D (2001) Methanol, ethanol and other compounds retard leaf senescence and improve the vase life and quality of cut chrysanthemum flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology.
23: 79-83.

Serek M (1992) Does salicylic acid affect the post harvest characteristics of Campanula catpatica Gartenbauwissenschaft 57: 112–114.

Serek M, Sisler E, Reid M (1995) Effect of 1-MCP on the vase life and ethylene response of cut flowers. Plant Growth Regulation 16 (1): 93-97.

Seven V, Jose JVG (2004) Sucrose loading decrease ethylene responsiveness in carnation (Dianthsis caryaphynus cv. White Sim) Petais. Postharvest Biology and Technology 31: 305-312.

Sindhu SS, Pathania NS (2003) Effect of pulsing, holding and low temperature storage on keeping quality on Asiatic lily hybrids. Acta Horticulturae 624: 389-394.

Tar T, Hassan FA (2003) Evaluating vase life and tissue structure of some compositae (Asteraceae) Species. International Journal of Horticultural Science 9 (2): 87-89.

Van Doorn WG, Loubaud MG (2004) Effects of exogenous bacterial concentrations on water relations of cut rose flowers bacteria in the vase solution. Acta Horticulturae 181: 463-465.