Public Policy In Administration: 41 (41)

Open Access Article

1 - Identifying the Components of Entrepreneurship Ecosystem: A Study of National, International and Policies of Payam Special Economic Zone Nader
nader sanagoo motlagh Moeteza Mousa Khani kamal sakhdari hamed rahmani

Purpose: the aim of the present study is to identify the concept of entrepreneurial ecosystem and finally, identify its components in Payam Special Economic Zone. Method: in the present study, the content and open, axial and selective coding were analyzed to identify th More

Purpose: the aim of the present study is to identify the concept of entrepreneurial ecosystem and finally, identify its components in Payam Special Economic Zone. Method: in the present study, the content and open, axial and selective coding were analyzed to identify the dimensions and components of the ecosystem based on the studies and policies of Patam Special Economic Zone. Internal studies were conducted by searching the scientific databases of Academy Jihad, Civilicia, Normags and Irandoc, and 33 second-hand data were identified and analyzed. Regarding the external indices they were scanned through Scopus.in 2008, when the first article with a keyword  “ Entrepreneurship Ecosystem “ was presented in this index, 110 articles there were identified until 2018, and according to the number of citations above 10, 13 articles were identified and regarding the mentioned policies of the regulations of Ministry (Ministry of Information Technology and communications) about start-ups, general policies announced by the supreme leader, general policies of the resistance economy, Minister’s order to the regional director, the Constitution of the region were analyzed. Findings: It can be said that the present study is the first review study on the entrepreneurial ecosystem among national researchers and the results obtained from this research also show that the entrepreneurial ecosystem has a growing position, especially in recent years, among national and international researchers. The findings of the internal research represent that more than 70% of the studies were quantitative and servey type and most of them were analyzed based on Eisenberg (2011) model or global entrepreneurship indicators and most of the articles published with this keyword belonged to the Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, but the findings of foreign research showed other emphases. First, the articles presented with the reference number of more than 100 articles are included in review articles type and more than 70 percent of the reviewed articles including this keyword are qualitative. These articles themselves have followed their own special framework and theory. In this study, in addition to the above studies an attempt has been made to present a picture of policies and the role of the political environment, especially the effects of government policies on the mentioned study which is the special economic zone. Conclusion: The findings from the content analysis also depicted the identification of 107 initial contents which were finally categorized into four dimensions and 12 components. The output of the four-dimensional ecosystem software includes networking (consisting of university components, government institutions, politics) infrastructures (including culture components, support, education, physical and communication infrastructure and environmental features), commercialization (including market components and financial affairs) and self-creation dimension (including components of personal characteristics and human capital) were identified. Key  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Prioritization of Policies Human Resource Development Policy Model of Iranian Governmental Organizations Based on Results of ImportancePerformance Gap Analysis
Ali Mostafa Roozbeh kaveh timorneghad محمد رضا ربیعی مندجین

Context: For nearly three decades the human resources that are attracted to the government will be at the service of the government. Understanding the priorities of the HRD policy model will greatly contribute to the success of government education and development progr More

Context: For nearly three decades the human resources that are attracted to the government will be at the service of the government. Understanding the priorities of the HRD policy model will greatly contribute to the success of government education and development programs. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prioritize the HR policies based on the analysis of the gap between importance and performance from the perspective of target population. Methodology: Quantitative data were collected through a questionnaire by stratified random sampling and Cochran formula. The research is a cross-sectional descriptive survey and analyzed by SPSS 22 software and dependent t-test. Findings: Out of fifteen general policies analyzed, five policies at the first level of importance, seven policies at the second priority, and three policies at the third priority. On the other hand, by incorporating the influence coefficient of each policy, redesigning the system of training of government employees using the rational decision mechanism becomes more important. Conclusion: The necessity of redesigning the system of training of government employees by using rational decision-making mechanism based on human resources development approach can be considered as the most important macro policies.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Formation E-Participation Development Model in Iran
Mozhgan Mohaimani Hassan Givarian Ehsan Sadeh Syrus Tadbiri

Background: ICT can change the political landscape by creating citizens' participation in the governance process. Therefore, electronic participation has become an important point of this process and specifically refers to a digital divide focusing on equal accessibilit More

Background: ICT can change the political landscape by creating citizens' participation in the governance process. Therefore, electronic participation has become an important point of this process and specifically refers to a digital divide focusing on equal accessibility of participants. In Iran horizon 2025 and development programs is stated that Iran should be number one among countries in this area.  Objective: The main purpose of the present research is to discover, identify the dimensions and factors affecting e-participation in Iran Method: According to the subject, the mix method of research was carried out through completing a checklist on the agenda with 6 scientific and executive experts who had been selected through purposive sampling method. Focus group interview was conducted and the results of the interview was analyzed based on the classical content analysis technique. Measurement tools of quantitative part were included the questionnaire and the Likert scale was used. Data were analyzed through structural equity modeling (SEM), confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis by SPSS and Lisrel. Results: According to the research findings, 250 open codes were extracted from focus group interview, local and international literature. Among these concepts, 17 sub categories and 10 major categories were identified. Conclusion: The research result is an efficient model for the development of eparticipation, through the application of the factors identified in the process of policymaking in the field of ICT and improving the quality of communication between policy makers and citizens can improve the country's ranking in this index and help achieve the goal of the Iran horizon 2025 Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Designing Pattern Conceptual Model of Organizational Health Model Based on Quantum Management in Municipal Employees
moslem cherabin hassan sedaghat mohammad karimi

Background: Organizational health was used in order to adapt the organization to its environment, create coordination between members of the organization and achieve the goals of the organization. Organizational health was one of the signs of management success in perfo More

Background: Organizational health was used in order to adapt the organization to its environment, create coordination between members of the organization and achieve the goals of the organization. Organizational health was one of the signs of management success in performing tasks. Implementing quantum management in an organization leads to an organization that is constantly changing, agile, and without borders, where innovation and information flow freely. Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a conceptual model of organizational health model based on quantum management. Methods: This is a qualitative research that was conducted using a strategy based on data theory of the foundation. Therefore, the researcher intends to take into account the abovementioned concepts and review the research and extract effective criteria on the organizational health model based on quantum management. In this section, contract content analysis, which is a qualitative method, is used. Findings: The results of data analysis are in three stages of selective coding, axial coding and open coding that the research findings in the framework of paradigm model including: structural factors (organizational support, training, leadership style, communication, goals and vision of the organization, organizational commitment, culture Organizational and participation) Occupational factors (dimensions of delegation, access to information, scope of control, teamwork, job significance and job enrichment) Individual factors (selfsufficiency, self-determination (choice), effectiveness and individual characteristics, gender And race, the center of control and self-esteem) has been analyzed. Conclusion: In this study, 175 codes, 59 primary classes, 18 sub-classes and 3 main classes were extracted from the analysis of elite interview results. Finally, a paradigm model of organizational health based on quantum management in municipal employees was drawn according to the analysis of interviews.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Human Resource Planning Model of Mehr Eghtesad Bank Using System Dynamics
Amir behboudi gol khatmi Houshang Taghizadeh Alireza Bafandeh Zandeh

Background and objective: Adopting a strategic approach in the field of human capital management and human resource planning can be used to transform the strategic goals of the organization into human resource strategies and adapt people to the strategic needs of the or More

Background and objective: Adopting a strategic approach in the field of human capital management and human resource planning can be used to transform the strategic goals of the organization into human resource strategies and adapt people to the strategic needs of the organization, both in the short and long term. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to present the human resource planning model of Mehr Eghtesad Bank using system dynamics. Method: The study is a qualitative research that in terms of purpose is a developmentapplied and in terms of research method, is a descriptive-analytical type that has been performed with Delphi technique. The statistical population of this study consists of 15 human resource planning experts who have executive background in the bank or scientific activity in the university.In this study, a questionnaire and documents in Mehr Eghtesad Bank were used to collect data and in order to analyze the data in this research, Delphi method and system dynamics modeling were used. The identified effective factors on human resource planning in Mehr Eghtesad Bank were used as system boundary variables and a dynamic hypothesis was developed based on causal diagrams and based on it, flowaccumulation diagrams were drawn and formulated. Results: According to experts, employment indicators, staff resignations, workload, new skills, skilled and specialized staff, number of employees, manpower supply, manpower training, training time, training costs, quality of services, variety of services, new bank technology and number of customers Fourteen factors affecting human resource planning in Mehr Eghtesad Bank. The findings of the modeling section show that the parameter of maximum employment in Bank Mehr Eghtesad has a direct relationship with the number of manpower, manpower outflow and training hours. Conclusion: The results of this study, by creating a dynamic system framework, help human resource planning to overcome the limitations of the existing system for human resource planning, and by providing different scenarios for Bank Mehr Eghtesad, provide a suitable decision-making framework for bank managers and them. Enables them to make more appropriate decisions and to predict the system's response to changes in key variables using simulation execution. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Evaluating and Identifying the Factors Affecting the Self-Development of Faculty Members of Islamic Azad University of Mazandaran, Gilan and Golestan Provinces and Presenting its Optimal Model
zahra kahroodi parisa irannejad ramezan jahanian

Objective: In the present study, it is planned to evaluate and identify the factors affecting the self-development of the faculty members of the Islamic Azad University of Mazandaran, Gilan and Golestan provinces and to present its optimal model.  Methods: Research More

Objective: In the present study, it is planned to evaluate and identify the factors affecting the self-development of the faculty members of the Islamic Azad University of Mazandaran, Gilan and Golestan provinces and to present its optimal model.  Methods: Research method in terms of purpose, applied; In terms of data collection method is mixed (quantitative-qualitative), in terms of quantity is descriptive survey type and qualitatively descriptive is in the field theory. The statistical population is in the qualitative stage of all faculty members with at least 10 years of experience and in the quantitative stage of all faculty members of the Islamic Azad University of Mazandaran, Gilan and Golestan provinces who are engaged in job duties in 1399 and their number is 2789 people. Also, in the present study, purposive sampling method was used in the qualitative stage and relative stratified random sampling method was used in the quantitative stage, in proportion to the volume of each of the three provinces. Data collection tools were also standard self-development questionnaires of researcher-made questionnaires of factors affecting self-development with validity and reliability. The method of data analysis in the qualitative stage is content analysis and in the quantitative stage is based on structural equation modeling.  Findings: The findings show that  the factors affecting the self-development of faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Mazandaran, Gilan and Golestan provinces are: Individual factors (self-efficacy, job conflict, job motivation, professional commitment, need for success, responsibility, psychological empowerment, resilience Job creation, selfactualization, economic / social status, cultural capital), organizational factors (organizational culture, organizational support, organizational justice, organizational commitment) and group factors (group learning).  Findings: Finally, it is suggested that managers and supervisors can play a vital role in employee self-development by creating informal learning opportunities, encouraging, believing in the value of development, providing time, information, support, resource allocation, and rewards. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - The Impact of Strategic Leadership through Strategic Thinking on Knowledge Management in Sapco
Abbas Gheadamini Harouni Mehrdad Sadeghi misam Babaei Farsani Majed Maharani Barzani

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of strategic leadership through strategic thinking on knowledge management in Sapco Method: The research method is based on the applied purpose and in terms of how to collect descriptive data of correlation More

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of strategic leadership through strategic thinking on knowledge management in Sapco Method: The research method is based on the applied purpose and in terms of how to collect descriptive data of correlation type based on structural equation modeling analysis. The statistical population of the present study consisted of 130 managers in Sapco Company who was selected as a sample through Cochran's formula of 100 people through simple random sampling method. Lidtka (1998) Strategic Thinking Standard and Lawson Knowledge Management Standard Questionnaire (2003) confirmed the validity and reliability of the questionnaires and analyzed the data at both descriptive and inferential levels including Pearson correlation coefficient, structural equation modeling method (SEM) and was implemented through "SPSS" and "wrap pls" software Results: The results showed that strategic leadership had an impact factor of 0.72 on knowledge management and due to the significant value less than 0.05 this effect is significant. On the other hand, the value of the adjustment effect of strategic thinking is 0.55 and due to the significant value less than 0.05, this effect is significant. Conclusion: As the level of strategic leadership increases, so does knowledge management, and this is moderated by strategic thinking Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Explaining the Problems of the Executive Branch in the Light of the Charter Theory in Iranian Government Organizations
Afshin Ariaei Mohammad Zia Al-Dini Queen Beheshtifar

Background: In the light of the charter theory, governments should be able to separate their tasks well, but to integrate structures very carefully so that they face fewer problems for the development and progress of countries. Recognizing and describing the problems of More

Background: In the light of the charter theory, governments should be able to separate their tasks well, but to integrate structures very carefully so that they face fewer problems for the development and progress of countries. Recognizing and describing the problems of the executive branch provides a good ground for identifying strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and helps senior managers of government organizations to take effective steps to develop the country with appropriate decisions.  Objective: The purpose of this study is to explain the problems of the executive in the light of prismatic theory.  Methods: The present study was developmental-applied in terms of purpose and data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews with 19 experts from Iranian government organizations and analyzed by content analysis method. Finally, all dimensions and components obtained by fuzzy Delphi technique Were analyzed and confirmed. Findings: The research findings showed that according to experts, the problems of the executive branch in the light of prismatic theory include the five dimensions of inadequate structure, inadequate oversight, lack of coherent laws, inadequate political mechanisms, ignoring values and 32 related components. Conclusion According to the research findings, it can be concluded that the government in order to separate the tasks and coherence of structures; It faces many and complex problems, so it is recommended to the managers of the cabinet. The country should be led by a system whose leaders pay attention to the rule of law, accountability, transparency, and the right to enjoy human and civil rights to change the current inappropriate structure and to solve the social problems of employees and managers through interaction and cooperation. Multilateralism that leads to team empowerment and transformation and creativity leads to the rule of coherent rules instead of the lack of coherent rules at present. Improving the quality of activities, which is one of the ways to meet environmental requirements and is determined through appropriate evaluation and reward, corrects inappropriate monitoring. The existence of inappropriate political mechanisms is another problem that requires government managers with political insight and improving resource performance. Lead to the implementation of the right policies in the country by assigning responsibility to managers based on personality traits and appropriate to the job, both in preventive policies and in times of crisis through moral values and communication has led to more attention to values and ignoring values. Prevention is done.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Designing a Model for Establishing a Mentoring System in the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance (Foundation data Theorizing Method)
sadegh noormohammadi kiomars Ahmadi Adel Salavati

Background: The need for proper use of human resources of organizations is the need to develop and apply appropriate training models.Objective: This study was conducted with the aim of designing a model for establishing a mentoring system.Method: This research is an exp More

Background: The need for proper use of human resources of organizations is the need to develop and apply appropriate training models.Objective: This study was conducted with the aim of designing a model for establishing a mentoring system.Method: This research is an exploratory mix. The statistical population of the qualitative section of experts and expert accountants of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and in the quantitative section includes 322 deputies of financial supervision. The tool for collecting interviews and questionnaires is researcher-made.Results: The results showed that the components (causal conditions (causes of the main phenomenon), strategies (actions or interactions performed to control, manage, deal with and respond to the main phenomenon), context (specific bedrock conditions affecting strategies), conditions Intervenors (effective bedrock conditions in strategies) and consequences (implementation of strategies) are among the factors influencing the design of a comprehensive model for establishing a mentoring system in the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance.Conclusion: The model obtained in this study is a suitable model for establishing a mentoring system in the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Components and Indicators of Improving the Quality of Research in the Iranian Higher Education System
fahimeh talebi HOSSEINALI JAHED nahid sari khani

Background: Higher education as the highest level of education in society plays a key role in the growth and development of society in various dimensions. aim: The present study investigates the components and indicators of improving the quality of research in the Irani More

Background: Higher education as the highest level of education in society plays a key role in the growth and development of society in various dimensions. aim: The present study investigates the components and indicators of improving the quality of research in the Iranian higher education system. Methods: In this research, a mixed exploratory design was used and data were collected in two stages: qualitative and quantitative. The statistical population of the study was experts and faculty members who were interviewed individually using purposive sampling of 12 people. Then, based on the findings, a questionnaire was designed and in the quantitative stage, 311 people were selected from full-time faculty members of public and nongovernmental universities in Tehran by multi-stage cluster sampling and simple random sampling. Thematic analysis technique (theme) was used to analyze the data in the qualitative stage and in order to analyze the quantitative data, the structural equation model with PLS software was used. Results: According to the results, 13 main categories, 30 intermediate categories, and 170 subcategories have been created. Dimensions and components of improving the quality of research in the Iranian higher education system include; Organizational supervision, physical equipment, specialized researchers, up-to-date resources, clear goals, organizational support, practical applicability of research and promotion of educational centers, and indicators of research promotion include: researcher training, prevention of plagiarism, reform of university rules, justice and attention Needs. Conclusion: In the current situation, there are many challenges in the field of research quality in the country. In order to achieve research quality, components and indicators of research quality improvement should be considered. Universities and higher education institutions must organize research quality programs on a larger scale to meet the community's demand for progress and development. Considering that in recent years, in our society, higher education has paid attention to quantity and the downward trend of the qualitative indicators of its research is clear. Considering the internal and external issues facing the higher education system, the issue of quality reduction and the need to pay attention to it should be addressed. Be considered serious concerns of society. In order to improve the quality system of higher education research, there is a need to rethink and reconstruct the functions and quality programs of higher education and use a systemic approach in academic analysis, with regard to the commitment and responsibility of all officials.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Ranking of green human resource management components affecting the environmental performance of Mashhad Municipality (Hierarchical analysis approach)
MAHDI JANALIZADEH GHAZVINI Azr Kaffashpoor Amir Rahimpour Mosayeb Samanian

Background: Due to the increase in pollution and environmental degradation, recent studies have been conducted on the relationship between human resource management and green performance of organizations. Objective: The present study sought to rank the components of gr More

Background: Due to the increase in pollution and environmental degradation, recent studies have been conducted on the relationship between human resource management and green performance of organizations. Objective: The present study sought to rank the components of green human resource management in Mashhad Municipality that had the greatest impact on the development and improvement of environmental performance.  Methods: In this study, Delphi technique and hierarchical analysis process method were used in Expert Choice software version 11. The statistical population of the study was university professors specializing in human resource management and sustainable development in Mashhad and human resource management officials in the organization. The statistical sample of this study included 35 people, of which 10 faculty members of universities and 25 officials related to human resource management in Mashhad Municipality were purposefully selected. Findings: The components of green human resource management were collected in the form of a conceptual model presented in the study. Degrees of effectiveness of different components of human resource management on improving and developing environmental performance in this organization were identified. Conclusion: The results showed that among the components of human resource management, green selection and selection of employees, their training and empowerment and evaluation and monitoring of green performance of employees can have the greatest impact on the development and improvement of environmental performance of this organization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Design an Open Policy-Making Model
morteza nosoohi Akbar Etebarian Mehrabaan Hadi Paykani Reza Ebrahimzadeh

Background: The growing disconnect between citizens and policymakers leads to a crisis of legitimacy and requires the policy area to be re-engineered to re-engage citizens and improve the performance of governments. Accordingly, in recent years, the open policy making m More

Background: The growing disconnect between citizens and policymakers leads to a crisis of legitimacy and requires the policy area to be re-engineered to re-engage citizens and improve the performance of governments. Accordingly, in recent years, the open policy making model is rapidly replacing traditional models, the knowledge of its dimensions can be a way to use it. Objective: Designing an open policy making model is the main objective of this research. Method: This study, using the critical interpretive synthesis method, while systematically reviewing the resources found in the field of open policy-making, has selected 37 sources from about 500 sources and assigned 250 codes to 827 sections of the reviewed sources in MAXQDA2020 software have been analyzed. Findings: 250 codes were divided into 29 themes and 5 dimensions of open data, open innovation, open policy making, trust and open government, which indicate the dimensions of the open policy making model. Conclusion: Utilizing the principles of open government and addressing open data and open innovation, while strengthening open policy-making, which is to open the policymaking process, rebuild public trust and lead to improving government performance. Manuscript profile

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