-
Open Access Article
1 - بررسی اثرات غلظت‌های مختلف اسیدجیبرلیک و بنزیل‌آدنین بر صفات رشدی و رنگیزه‌های گیاه آپارتمانی اسپاتی فیلوم (Spathiphyllum wallisii)
علی صالحی ساردویی هاجر معتمدی‌شارک مژگان شهدادنژاد -
Open Access Article
2 - اثر سربرداری بر ویژگیهای جعفری آفریقایی (Tagetes erecta) تحت تیمار اسیدجیبرلیک
مژگان شهدنژاد محمدعلی بهمنیار وحید اکبرپور فهیمه صالحی علی صالحی ساردویی -
Open Access Article
3 - ارزیابی تاثیر کودهای زیستی و عناصر ریز مغذی بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی چغندرقند
روح اله حیدری کیوان شمس -
Open Access Article
4 - تاثیر روش مصرف عناصر ریزمغذی بر خصوصیات کمی و کیفی چغندرقند(Beta vulgarisL.)
مهسا کیانیان کیوان شمس -
Open Access Article
5 - بررسی تأثیر همزیستی میکوریزایی و کاربرد کودهای آلی مختلف بر برخی از خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی زولنگ (Eryngium caeruleum)
مصطفی کوزه گر کالجی محمد رضا اردکانی -
Open Access Article
6 - The effect of foliar application of fertilizers with growth stimulants and micronutrients on yield and yield components of two corn cultivars
فرزاد جلیلیTo investigate the foliar application of fertilizers, containing growth stimulants and micro-nutrients on the yield and yield components of two maize cultivars, a field experiment was conducted in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications.The MoreTo investigate the foliar application of fertilizers, containing growth stimulants and micro-nutrients on the yield and yield components of two maize cultivars, a field experiment was conducted in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications.The first factor consisted of two levels of maize cultivar (Single Cross 704 and Maxima), and the second one included the foliar application of fertilizers containing growth stimuli at five levels (Brexil Combi , Azomin , Eliqzer , Bio-20 Gold and No consumption). Analysis of variance showed that most of the studied traits including plant height, stem diameter, dry weight of stem and leaf, number of grains per row, total number of grains per ear, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, protein percentage and seed yield were affected by different fertilizer treatments. Also, the effect of cultivar on all traits except stem diameter and grain protein percentage was significant. The highest plant height (315.1 cm), 1000 kernel weight (271.2g), grain yield (12.9 t/ha) and protein yield (1.96 t/ha) were obtained from Bio-20 gold fertilizer. The highest percentage of grain protein with 10.38 units was related to foliar application of azomin. Among the maize cultivars, hybrid single-crop 704 with 12.75 ton/ha had the highest grain yield. Interaction between fertilizer treatments and maize cultivars showed that the highest grain yield ( 13.57 t/ha) was related to the application of Bio-20 gold fertilizer on maize cross 704 was related to the use Eliqzer growth stimulator in Maxima cultivar. Therefore, according to the obtained results, application of Bio-20 Gold and Single cross 704 maize with highest grain yield for foliar application and cultivation in the area is recommended Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - The Effect of Stress Modifiers on Nutrient Concentration of Leaf and Grain and Biochemical Characteristics of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) under Water Deficit Stress
Seyyedeh Nasrin Hosseini Jalal Jalilian Esmaeil GholinezhadTo investigate the effect of water deficit stress and stress modifiers on the nutrient concentration of leaf and grain and biochemical characteristics of quinoa, a pot factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with 16 treatments and 6 replicates was d MoreTo investigate the effect of water deficit stress and stress modifiers on the nutrient concentration of leaf and grain and biochemical characteristics of quinoa, a pot factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with 16 treatments and 6 replicates was done in 2019 at Urmia University. The first factor includes water deficit stress at four levels (stress at vegetative growth stage, after plant establishment to flowering; stress at reproductive growth stage, from flowering to flowering end; stress at grain filling stag, from the beginning of filling to maturity; no stress, control) and the second factor is foliar spraying at four levels (ascorbic acid, 2 mM; salicylic acid, 2 mM; nano-micronutrient chelate fertilizer, 2 liters/1000 L water; control, water spray). The results showed that dehydration stress had a significant effect on leaf and grain elements and biochemical traits. Dehydration at different stages of growth reduced chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids and soluble sugars compared to the control but proline content increased. Mean comparison showed dehydration stress in vegetative growth stage, reproductive growth stage and dehydration stress in grain filling stage compared to control (without dehydration stress) increased proline content by 15%, 28% and 31%, respectively. However, dehydration stress at vegetative growth stage, reproductive growth and grain filling stage reduced grain weight by 4, 20 and 20%, respectively, compared to the control (without dehydration stress). Foliar application by increasing proline accumulation and photosynthetic pigment content, increased quinoa grain weight. Foliar application of ascorbic acid, complete micro-nanofertilizer and salicylic acid increased the chlorophyll a content by 2, 13 and 5%, respectively, compared to the control (spraying), respectively. It seems that foliar application of salicylic acid had a more positive effect than other modifiers at different stages of dehydration. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Effect of Zinc Chelate Foliar Application on Yield and Yield Components of Four Wheat Cultivars
محسن Dargahi R. Sadrabadi Haghighi K. Bakhsh KelarestaghiApplication of microelements is one of the ways to increase quantative and qualitative characters of wheat. To evaluate the effect of zinc foliar application on yield and yield components of four wheat cultivars a factorial experiment with two factors was conducted in r MoreApplication of microelements is one of the ways to increase quantative and qualitative characters of wheat. To evaluate the effect of zinc foliar application on yield and yield components of four wheat cultivars a factorial experiment with two factors was conducted in randomized complete blocks design with three replications in 2011-2012 year. The first factor consisted of four wheat cultivars (Falat, Bahar, Pishtaz and Tous) and the second factor composed of three levels of zinc chelate foliar applications (control, at shooting stage and at shooting + flowering stages). Zinc concentration in each application was decided to be 4 kilogram per hectare. Results showed that yield and yield components of cultivars were significantly different with each others. The highest and lowest yields were belonged to Bahar and Tous respectively. The highest yield of Bahar, as compared to the other cultivars, was due to its higher biological yield. Zinc foliar applications at shooting and shooting + flowering stages also increased biological and seed yields. Seed yield increase mainly affected by higher 1000 seed weight. In general, it seems that zinc application, due to its role in the physiology of wheat, a sensitive plant to zinc deficiency, may increase its seed yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Effect of Drought Stress and Application of Salicylic Acid on Yield and Yield Components, Photosynthetic Pigments and Compatibility Metabolites of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) under Sistan Climatic Conditions
Barat Ali Fakheri forouzan heidari Nafiseh Mahdi Nejad Iman Shahrokhi Sardoui The use of salicylic acid in the nutrition of medicinal plants under moisture stress conditions has a considerable role in reducing the effects of water stress and improving plant yield. To this purpose, a factorial split plot experiment with three replications More The use of salicylic acid in the nutrition of medicinal plants under moisture stress conditions has a considerable role in reducing the effects of water stress and improving plant yield. To this purpose, a factorial split plot experiment with three replications based on randomized complete block design was conducted at the Research Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Zabol University, Iran during 2013-2014 cropping years. Drought stress consisted of three levels (irrigation at 90, normal, 60 and 40 percent of field capacity) as main factor, and salicylic acid spraying wiyh three levels (0, control, 2.5 and 5 mM) and three cultivars (Isfahan, Hamedan and Nahavand) minor factors, respectively. The investigasted traits were plant height, number of umbels per plant, number of umbellate per umbel, number of seeds per umbellate, root length, number of lateral branches, stem diameter, fresh weight of plant, grain and final plant yield, 1000 seed weight, chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, anthocyanins, soluble sugars and proline. The results showed that drought stress decreased the traits under study. Salicylic acid spray caused an increase in some parameters such as the final height of the stem, the number of umbels, number of seeds per umbellate, root length, fresh weight of plant, seed and plant yield, chlorophyll a, b, soluble sugars and proline. Given the results of trilateral interaction effects, the greatest yield of grain was obtained from 5 mM spraying and Isfahan cultivar under irrigation conditions of 90% of the field capacity. Considering trilateral effects, the best cultivar in terms of grain yield was Isfahan cultivar with 5 mM spraying under complete irrigation conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Evaluation of Micronutrient Application at Different Growth Stages on Yield and Yield Components and Grain Quality of Sweet Corn
Afsaneh Yousefpour Elnaz Farajzadeh Memari TabriziThis study aimed to investigate the impact of micro fertilizer application (Iron and zinc alone or together as foliar application in 2.5 and 5 per thousand concentration or soil application in 15 or 30 kg.ha-1) and the fertilizers application time (control, soil applica MoreThis study aimed to investigate the impact of micro fertilizer application (Iron and zinc alone or together as foliar application in 2.5 and 5 per thousand concentration or soil application in 15 or 30 kg.ha-1) and the fertilizers application time (control, soil application of fertilizers, spraying at vegetative growth stage, spraying in tassel stage, spraying in two phases of growth and tasseling stage, spraying in grain filling stage and spraying in three stages of growth, tasseling and grain filling) on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays convar. saccharata var. rugosa). The experiment was conducted in Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch during 2016 growing season as split plot using a randomized complete block design with three replications. According to the results of the study fertilizer treatments had statistically similar effects on seed of dry yield. All four treatments, soil application of fertilizers, spraying at vegetative growth stage, spraying at two stages of vegetative stage and tasseling and spraying at three stages of vegetative stage, tasseling and grain filling increased this trait similarly and increased seed dry yield by 20, 12, 21 and 22 percent which could be only due to increasing number of seeds produced. According to the survey results in just two treatments, soil application of 5 kg.ha-1 iron and foliar application of iron and zinc in the vegetative and early reproductive stage at a concentration of 5 per thousand, an increase of optimal gains, respectively 334850 and 271298 tomans net income per hectare, obtained. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Effect of Copper Chelate Foliar Application on Yield and Yield Components of Four Barley (Hordeum vulgare) Cultivar
A. Godrati Azadi R. Sadrabadi Haghighi K. Bakhsh KelarestaghiTo evaluate the effect of foliar application of copper on yield and yield components of four barley cultivar a factorial experiments with two factors was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications in 2011 - 2012. The first factor was four barl MoreTo evaluate the effect of foliar application of copper on yield and yield components of four barley cultivar a factorial experiments with two factors was conducted in randomized complete block design with three replications in 2011 - 2012. The first factor was four barley cultivars (Fisasih, Yousof, Reyhan and Cb17) and the second factor consisted of foliar application of copper chelate in three levels (non, one time at booting stage and two times at both booting and heading stages). Results showed that there were differences among number of fertile tillers, number of seed per spike and seed weight of cultivars. Although yields of cultivars did not differ significantly, one or two times of foliar applications of copper increased biological and seed yield. Seed yield increased mainly as a result of increase in thousand seed weight, number of fertile tillers per unit area and the number of seeds per spike. Mean while harvest index was not affected by foliar application. In general, it seems due to essential of elemental copper on plant physiology, particularly in a copper sensitive plant like barley application of copper-containing compounds may enhance plant growth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Effect of Foliar Application of Magnesium and Potassium Sulfate on Morphological, Biochemical and Yield Characteristics of Maize (Zea mays L.) During Water Deficiet Stress
Arman Sotoodeh Tayeb Saki Nejad Alireza Shokuhfar Shahram Lak Mani MajaddamDrought stress is one of the most important factors that limiting the growth and yield of plants. In recent years the use of various methods to reduce its negative effects has been considered by many researchers. This experiment was performed as a split plot in the form MoreDrought stress is one of the most important factors that limiting the growth and yield of plants. In recent years the use of various methods to reduce its negative effects has been considered by many researchers. This experiment was performed as a split plot in the form of randomized complete blocks with four replications in two years. The effect of foliar application of different ratios of magnesium and potassium on the morphological, biochemical and functional characteristics of maize (single cross cultivar 704) in different irrigation cycles (50, 75 and 100 mm evaporation from Class A evaporation pan) was evaluated. The results of analysis of variance showed that the interaction of irrigation and magnesium to potassium ratio on the characteristics of height, stem diameter, ear length, number of seeds per ear, potassium uptake, magnesium uptake, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, Carotenoids, proline, biological yield, grain yield and harvest index had a statistically significant effect. The results of the study of the effect of potassium and magnesium on morphological and biochemical changes in drought tolerance in maize (Single Cross 704 cultivar) showed that consumption of these elements significantly increased plant height, stem diameter, ear length, number of seeds per ear, uptake rate Potassium, magnesium uptake, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, proline, biological yield, grain yield and harvest index in water deficit conditions; So that the highest value of these traits in evapotranspiration conditions was 50 mm from the evapotranspiration pan and application of 200 kg of magnesium sulfate/ 300 kg of potassium sulfate. Also, foliar application of different concentrations of potassium sulfate and magnesium sulfate by increasing the uptake of potassium and magnesium, preserving leaf chlorophyll, resulting in more effective photosynthesis as well as increasing the concentration of proline in plant leaves, moderate the negative effects of water deficiency and corn tolerance to conditions. Improve water shortage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Improvement of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Yield with Urea Foliar Application at Growth Stages
Mahmood TohidiTo investigate the effects of nitrogen foliar application at different growth stages of soybean on the yield and yield components this experiment was performed in Shush, north of Khuzestan, Iran, during growing season of 2014. The experiment was in split plot based on r MoreTo investigate the effects of nitrogen foliar application at different growth stages of soybean on the yield and yield components this experiment was performed in Shush, north of Khuzestan, Iran, during growing season of 2014. The experiment was in split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental treatments consisted of four levels of nitrogen fertilizer foliar applications as control (no nitrogen foliar application), 25, 50 and 75 kg/ha pure nitrogen from urea source (46% pure nitrogen) assigned to the main plots and spraying times in three levels, at vegetative stage, flowering stage and podding stage to the subplots. Results showed that the effects of nitrogen foliar application on traits measured in this experiment like leaf area index, number of pod per plant, number of seeds per pod, thousand seed weight, seed yield, biologic yield, harvest index, protein percent and protein yield and also interaction of different levels of nitrogen foliar application and different growth stages, were significant. Oil percent and yield were only significant under the effect of nitrogen foliar application treatments at different growth stages while the interaction of different levels of nitrogen foliar application and different growth stages, were not significant. In this experiment nitrogen foliar application increased seed yield. The highest seed yield amounted to 2466 kg/ha when 50kg/ha of foliar nitrogen applied at vegetative growth stage and lowest seed yield amounted to 1295 kg/ha in the control treatment at the stage of podding. In general, results demonstrated that 50 kg/ha treatment could be considered as the best management option of nitrogen foliar application for soybean at vegetative growth stage. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Effect of Foliar Application of Iron on Growth, Nodulation and Quantity and Quality of Yield of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) in Hamedan
Javad Hamzei Mohsen Seyedi Afshar Azadbakht Ayob FesahatThis research was carried out at the Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University for two growing seasons (2011-2012). The aim of research was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of iron on growth, nodulation and quantity and quality of chickpe MoreThis research was carried out at the Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University for two growing seasons (2011-2012). The aim of research was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of iron on growth, nodulation and quantity and quality of chickpea yield in Hamedan. A randomized complete block design with three replications and seven treatments were used (T1: control; non-foliar application, T2: foliar application of 2 g.L-1 of nano fertilizer at flowering stage, T3: foliar application of 4 g.L-1 of nano fertilizer at flowering stage, T4: foliar application of 2 g.L-1 of nano fertilizer at podding stage, T5: foliar application of 4 g.L-1 of nano fertilizer at podding stage, T6: foliar application of 2 g.L-1 of nano fertilizer at flowering and podding stages and T7: foliar application of 4 g.L-1 of nano fertilizer at flowering and podding stages). The effect of treatments on the most traits was significant. Based on means comparisons, lower values for traits like number of pods per plant, number of grain per plant, 1000-seed weight, biological and seed yields, number and dry weight of root nodules and iron content of seed and protein percent were obtained from control (non-foliar application) and foliar application 4 g.L-1 of nano fertilizer at flowering and podding stages treatments. The highest biological yield (329 g.m-2), seed yield (152 g.m-2) protein percent (27.85%) were obtained from treatment of foliar application of 4 g.L-1 of nano fertilizer at flowering and podding stages. Therefore, foliar application of 4 g.L-1 of nano-iron chelate in both flowering and podding stages produced the highest root nodulation, agronomic indices and seed yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - Effect of Biological and Mineral Phosphorus Fertilizers together with Microelement Sprayings on Yield and Component of Yield in Pinto Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
علی Nasrollahzadeh Asl H. GorbannezhadIn connection with sustainability of agriculture the effect of biological and mineral phosphorus fertilizers together with spraying plants with microelements on yield and yield components of pinto bean was investigated in an experiment at the Research Station of Rahal A MoreIn connection with sustainability of agriculture the effect of biological and mineral phosphorus fertilizers together with spraying plants with microelements on yield and yield components of pinto bean was investigated in an experiment at the Research Station of Rahal Agricultural College in Khoy city in 2012 growing season. The experiment was used factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications and two factors. The first factor consisted of phosphorus fertilizer in four levels (without using of fertilizer, as ontrol; barvar-2-phosphate biofertilizer, barvar-2phosphate biofertilizer together with super phosphate at the rate of 100 kg.ha-1 and only super phosphate at the rate of 200 kg.ha-1) and Second factor consisted of micro element spraying of plants with liquid fertilizer in three levels (without spraying, as control; micro element spraying with concentration of 2% and micro elements spraying with concentration of 4%). The results showed that phosphorus fertilizers, affected except number of grains per pod and 100 seed weight, the plant height, number of main branches per plant, number of leaf per plant, number of pods per plant, harvest index and grain yield significantly. Maximum grain yield were obtained from treatments of super phosphate at rate of 200 kg.ha-1 and barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer together with super phosphate at rate of 100 kg.ha-1. However, the yields of these two treatments were statistically the same. Therefore, reduce use of chemical fertilizers and protect of natural resources, the use of barvar-2 phosphate biofertilizer is advisable. The effect of spraying plants with micro elements on traits, except number of grains per pod and 100 seed weight, like plant height, number of main branches per plant, number of leaf per plant, number of pods per plant, harvest index and grain yield were significant. Maximum grain yield was also obtained from spraying plants by micro elements with density of 2% and 4% and these two experimental treatments were placed in the same statistical group. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - The Response of Yield, Yield Components, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Cotton (Gossypium herbaceum L.) to Supplemental Nitrogen Application under Salinity Stress Conditions in Optimum and Delayed Planting Date
Azam Yousefi Mohammad Armin Matin Jami MoeiniIn saline condition, addition to salinity stress, nitrogen deficiency is also observed. In order to investigate the response of yield, yield components, and nitrogen efficiency of cotton to supplemental nitrogen application in saline conditions in optimum and delayed cu MoreIn saline condition, addition to salinity stress, nitrogen deficiency is also observed. In order to investigate the response of yield, yield components, and nitrogen efficiency of cotton to supplemental nitrogen application in saline conditions in optimum and delayed cultivation, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was done in Sabzevar Islamic Azad University in 2017-2018. Factors were: planting date (optimum and late) and nitrogen levels (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 kg.ha-1) as a foliar application on the bolling stage as Urea form. Delayed planting reduced the number of bolls per plant (6.59 %), boll weight (17.33%), seed cotton yield (14.70 %), nitrogen uptake efficiency (23.2 %), and nitrogen use efficiency (11.32 %) compared to optimum cultivation. Foliar application of 7.5 kg N.ha-1increased the number of bolls per plant (67.6%), boll weight (47.2%), seed cotton yield (73.2%), nitrogen uptake efficiency (45.1%), and nitrogen use efficiency (41.2%) compared to control. Sprayed due to lack of solution. The highest plant height, number of reproductive branches, lint percentage, lint yield, and agronomic nitrogen use efficiency in optimum planting date and foliar application of 7.5 kgN.ha-1were obtained which was not significantly different from foliar spraying of 5 kgN.ha-1. Nitrogen foliar application could not improve the negative effects of planting delay on yield and yield components of cotton. In general, the results of this experiment showed that the best seed cotton yield can be achieved by planting at the optimum date and spraying 5 kg of nitrogen as a supplement at the beginning of the bolling stage that increases the efficiency of cotton nitrogen consumption in saline conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Effects of Ascorbic Acid on Growth and Photosynthetic Pigments of Basil under Arsenic Toxicity
P. Yadollahi M.R. Asgharipour S. SheikhpourThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of ascorbic acid (0, 10 and 20 mM) on growth, fresh and dry weight of basil under different levels of arsenic (0, 40, 80 and 120 mg.kg-1 of soil) in pots. The experiment was factorial based MoreThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of ascorbic acid (0, 10 and 20 mM) on growth, fresh and dry weight of basil under different levels of arsenic (0, 40, 80 and 120 mg.kg-1 of soil) in pots. The experiment was factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. It was carried out in greenhouse at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol. All growth characteristics, fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots and photosynthetic pigments of plants treated with arsenic decreased. Application of ascorbic acid, especially at concentration of 20 mM, could increase the amount and activity of photosynthetic pigments in basil which resulted, in reducing the negative effects of arsenic and an increase on leaf area, fresh and dry weight of shoot as compared with those of control (non-application of ascorbic acid). Foliar application of ascorbic acid did not have significant effect on plant height, fresh and dry weight of roots and leaves as compared with those of the control. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - The Effect of Foliar Application of Manganese Sulfate on Some Physiological Characteristics and Grain Yield of Wheat under Different Irrigation Regimes
farhad farahvash Fatemeh Hashemzade Farshad SorkhilaleloTo study the effects of spraying manganese sulfate on some physiological characteristics and seed yield of tetraploid and hexaploid varieties of wheat under different irrigation regimes a factorial split plot experiment based on completely randomized design with three r MoreTo study the effects of spraying manganese sulfate on some physiological characteristics and seed yield of tetraploid and hexaploid varieties of wheat under different irrigation regimes a factorial split plot experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was conducted at the Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Iran, in the fall of 2013. Irrigation regimes were considered as main factor in three levels, including irrigation at every 7 days (control), cutting off of irrigation at stem elongation (code 30 scale Zadoks) and cutting off of irrigation at booting stage (code 45 scale Zadoks), manganese sulfate fertilizer as sub factor including not spraying, spraying with 50% and 100% concentrations of recommended rate based on soil analysis (with 0.005 concentration) and sub sub factor in four levels, including two levels of each hexaploid (Pishgam and Alvand) and tetraploid (Cheheldaneh and Saji) wheats. The results showed that irrigation regimes significantly affected translocation of dry matter of flag leaf internode, leaf relative water content, duration and rate of seed filling, leaf proline content, water use efficiency and seed yield. Cutting off of irrigation at both stages and also not spraying of manganese sulfate reduced seed yield, rate and duration of seed filling.Cutting off of irrigation at stem elongation stage reduced leaf relative water content (by 33%) as compared to control treatment. Also, cutting off of irrigation increased praline content of leaf, cutting off of irrigation at stem elongation stage increased amount of leaf proline content from 5.35 to 8.34 micro moles per gram. Irrigation at 7 day intervals increased seed filling duration in comparison of cutting irrigation, by 36 days. The highest water use efficiency (0.0018 kg/m3) with total volume water use (2.4 m3) was achieved with the irrigation at 7 day intervals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - اثر محلولپاشی کودهای حاوی عناصر غذایی و محرک‌های رشد بر مؤلفه‌های جوانه‌زنی برنج
قاسم کرد فیروزجایی حسن حبیبی صاحب سودایی مشایی محمد حسین فتوکیان -
Open Access Article
20 - Effect of biodegradable and nanotropic fertilizers (Manganese, Cupper, and Zinc) on economic yield, antioxidant enzymes and concentration of some elements in Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) under drought Stress
esmat hashemi nafiseh mahdi nezhad barat ali fakheri roghaei mohammadpourIn order to investigate the effects of nanofertilizers (Fe, Zn, and Mn), Bioumik biological fertilizer, and drought stress on the economic yield of the sepal, antioxidant enzymes, and concentration of some elements in roselle plants under drought stress, a spilt plots e MoreIn order to investigate the effects of nanofertilizers (Fe, Zn, and Mn), Bioumik biological fertilizer, and drought stress on the economic yield of the sepal, antioxidant enzymes, and concentration of some elements in roselle plants under drought stress, a spilt plots experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Research Farm of the University of Zabol in 2015. Experimental treatments included drought stress at 4 levels (30, 50, 70, and 90 percent available moisture) as the main factor and four levels of fertilizers (no fertilizer, nano-iron, iron compounds, and nano-biological fertilizers) as the sub-agent. The main effects of drought stress, fertilizer, and their interactions on all traits were significant at P≤0.01. The highest fresh and dry weights were obtained under nano-iron fertilizer and 70 percent drought tolerance. Nano-iron fertilizer and 30 percent available moisture content resulted in the highest levels of catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase enzymes. Application of nano-iron fertilizer increased the concentration of micro and macro elements (Fe, Zn, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium) in the plant and the highest concentrations of the elements were observed in the interaction of nano-iron fertilizer with drought stress at 70 percent capacity of the pot. In general, it can be said that stress has a destructive effect on the plant, the use of nano-iron increases plant tolerance to stress, and the use of Roselle plant is suitable for stress conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Effect of foliar application of iron on yield, yield component, and grain protein of lentil crop
ahmad mehrabanThis research was carried out during the growing seasons of 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 at Agricultural Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran in Karaj. The aim was to evaluate the effect of iron foliar application on yield, yield components, and pro MoreThis research was carried out during the growing seasons of 2013-2014 and 2014-2015 at Agricultural Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran in Karaj. The aim was to evaluate the effect of iron foliar application on yield, yield components, and protein content of lentil under rain-fed conditions. A randomized complete block design with three replications and seven treatments (non-foliar application (control), 2 (g L-1) foliar application of nano fertilizer at flowering, podding and flowering + podding stages and 4 (g L-1) foliar application of nano fertilizer at flowering, podding and flowering + podding stages) were used. Analysis of variance showed that the effects of iron foliar spraying on grain yield components, biological and grain yield, harvest index, grain iron and protein content, and grain protein yield were significant. However, the effect of year of plantation was not significant on these properties. Comparison of means showed that maximum values for the number of grain per plant, 1000-seed weight and grain yield and grain protein yield, and grain iron and protein were achieved at 4 (g L-1) foliar application of nano fertilizer at flowering + podding stage treatment. However, there was no significant difference for grain yield and grain protein yield between 4 (g L-1) and 2 (g L-1) foliar application of nano fertilizer at flowering + podding stage treatments. Therefore, foliar application of nano-iron chelate at flowering + podding stages can produce the highest agronomic indices and grain yield. Alpha Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Effect of Iron, Manganese, and Nitrogen nano-fertilizers on some agronomic and physiological traits of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivars
gafar bakhtiari Masoumeh Maleki Majid Rostami­In order to investigate the effects of different nano-fertilizers of Iron, manganese, and Nitrogr on some agronomic and physiological traits of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivars, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design ( More­In order to investigate the effects of different nano-fertilizers of Iron, manganese, and Nitrogr on some agronomic and physiological traits of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivars, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in a farm in Northwestern Dehloran. Experimental factors included three cultivars of sesame (Dehloran landrace, Dashtestan 2, and Darab 1) and four levels of nano-fertilizer foliar application (control, Fe, N, and Mn). Based on the results, the interaction of cultivar × nano-fertilizer on number of seeds per capsule, 1000 seeds weight, biological yield, and harvest index were significant (p≤0.05). Carotenoids and also soluble sugars content were affected only by the foliar application of nano-fertilizers and the highest amount of carotenoids and soluble sugars was observed in iron nano-fertilizer treatment. The highest amount of biological yield (1305 g.m-2) was observed in Dashtestan 2 with manganese application whereas the lowest biological yield (357 g.m-2) was in Darab 1 with control treatment. The highest seed yield (215 g.m-2) was observed in Dashtestan 2, and the difference between this cultivar and the other cultivars was significant. Application of different nano-fertilizer had positive effects on seed yield but only the effect of manganese nano-fertilizer on this trait was significant. Manganese resulted in the highest amount of seed yield (186 g.m-2) which was significantly different from the treatment with iron fertilizer and control (123 g.m-2). Based on the findings, Dashtestan 2 is recommended as the best cultivar for plantation in the region. Also, application of Manganese nano-fertilizer had a remarkable performance in yield improvement in sesame cultivars. Therefore, manganese nano-fertilizer is recommended for nourishing sesame while more studies are suggested on the effects of this fertilizer. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - Investigation the role of nitric oxide on drought tolerance of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.)
Omid SadeghipourDrought is one of the most important adverse environmental factors that limits crop production. Nitric oxide (NO) as a signaling molecule contributes in plant response to environmental stresses. Therefore, in order to investigate the effects of NO on drought tolerance o MoreDrought is one of the most important adverse environmental factors that limits crop production. Nitric oxide (NO) as a signaling molecule contributes in plant response to environmental stresses. Therefore, in order to investigate the effects of NO on drought tolerance of mung bean (cv. Partow), a field experiment was done in the south of Tehran in 2015. The study was conducted as a randomized complete block design with 9 treatments and 4 replications. In this experiment, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) solution was used as NO donor. Treatments included control, drought stress, seed treatment, foliar application at the vegetative stage, foliar application at the reproductive stage, seed treatment + foliar application at the vegetative stage, seed treatment + foliar application at the reproductive stage, foliar application at the vegetative and reproductive stages, and seed treatment + foliar application at the vegetative and reproductive stages. Results showed that due to the drought stress, antioxidant enzymes activities such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline concentrations were increased but the relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll value, leaf area index (LAI), and seed yield decreased. However, application of SNP by further increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and proline accumulation, reduced the MDA content while improving the RWC, chlorophyll value, LAI, and eventually the seed yield under drought stress. Among SNP application treatments, seed treatment + foliar application at the vegetative and reproductive stages was the most effective, although it was not significantly difference from the other treatments including SNP foliar application at the reproductive stage. According to the findings of the study, application of NO may be recommended as a useful tool for improving drought tolerance of mung bean. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Effect of mycorrhiza and salicylic acid on yield and physiological parameters of maize (Zea mays)
Poria Mazloom mohsen peyman younespor Morteza Sam daliri Amir Abbas Mousavi Mirkalaei Morteza Moballeghi,In order to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal symbiosis and foliar application of salicylic acid on yield and photosynthetic pigments of corn, an experiment was conducted in the form of split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications during MoreIn order to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal symbiosis and foliar application of salicylic acid on yield and photosynthetic pigments of corn, an experiment was conducted in the form of split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications during two cropping years 2018-2019 in the research farm of Islamic Azad University, Chalous Branch. Experimental factors included mycorrhiza species (G. mosseae), (G. geosporum), and (G. intraradices) at two levels (no consumption and consumption of mycorrhiza) and salicylic acid at two levels (no consumption and consumption of 1 mM salicylic acid). Results showed that the dual effects of mycorrhiza × year and mycorrhiza × salicylic acid had a positive and significant effect on all studied traits. The highest plant height was obtained in the treatment with G. intraradices and salicylic acid. Also, 1000 grain weight, seed yield, phosphorus, potassium, and nitrogen contents of seeds, and chlorophyll a and b levels were higher in salicylic acid foliar treatment compared with the other treatments. In general, the results showed that mycorrhizal application with salicylic acid spray increased vegetative and reproductive growth. This enhancement is due to the increase in photosynthesis index and, consequently an increase in photosynthetic materials dedicated to the development of reproductive organs, which ultimately improves corn yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - Response of yield and some physiological traits of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to interaction effect of different levels of sulfur and zinc
Ziba Shokri majid ashouri Hamidreza Dorodian Naser Mohammadian Roshan Seyed Mostafa SadeghiPeanut is one of the most important plants in the legume family and are rich in oil and protein. In order to investigate the effect of different levels of sulfur fertilizer (S) and foliar application of zinc (Zn) on the yield and concentration of oil and protein, a fact MorePeanut is one of the most important plants in the legume family and are rich in oil and protein. In order to investigate the effect of different levels of sulfur fertilizer (S) and foliar application of zinc (Zn) on the yield and concentration of oil and protein, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications for two year (2019 and 2020) at Astana-Ashrafieh city, Gilan province. The studied factors were included S fertilizer (from gypsum source) at four levels (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg ha-1) and Zn fertilizer (from zinc chelate source) at three levels (0, 1000 and 2000 ppm). The results showed that the interaction of S and Zn fertilizers had a significant effect on pod yield, grain yield, number of grains and pods, protein and oil concentration. Mean comparison of the studied traits also showed the highest pod yield (156 g plant-1) in the treatment of 40 kg S + 1000 ppm Zn, while the highest grain yield (92.3 g plant-1) in the treatment of 60 kg S + 2000 ppm Zn was obtained. The highest weight of 100 grains (1283.6 g) belonged to the treatment of non-using of S + 1000 ppm Zn. The highest protein concentration (17.94%) was observed from treatment of non-using of S + 2000 ppm Zn, and oil concentration (46.09%) in sulfur fertilizer treatment of 60 kg S + 1000 ppm Zn. Based on the results of this experiment, it can be stated that the simultaneous application of sulfur fertilizer and zinc foliar application significantly increases grain yield and improves yield-related traits in the peanut and it can be recommended for the climatic conditions of Gilan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Effects of jasmonic acid and titanium dioxide nanoparticles on process of changes of phytochemical and antioxidant in genotypes of Satureja hortensis L.
Azar Davari Mamoud Solouki Bahman Fazeli-NasabIn this research to evaluate the effect of sprying of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (0, 30, 60 and 90 mg/l) and jasmonic acid (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM) on enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants As well as physiological traits 5 genotype of Satureja hortensis L. factori MoreIn this research to evaluate the effect of sprying of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (0, 30, 60 and 90 mg/l) and jasmonic acid (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM) on enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants As well as physiological traits 5 genotype of Satureja hortensis L. factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments were conducted at four leaf stage on the aerial parts of the plants and then were harvested 48 hours after spraying. At first were extracted from shoots and then all traits; enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and physiological traits were measured by using a spectrophotometer. Analysis of variance showed that the interaction of spraying different concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and jasmonic acid, catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, total protein, flavonoids, anthocyanins and total phenolics were significant at the 1% level. The highest catalase (0.0536 mg per gram of fresh weight) at doses of 30 mg per liter in Tabriz plant genotype nanoparticles of titanium dioxide and 150 mMjasmonic acid per liter;Most of ascorbate peroxidase (0.0514 mg per gram of fresh weight) in plant genotypes in concentrations of 60 mg per liter Ardestān nanoparticles of titanium dioxide and 50 mMjasmonic acid;Most peroxidase activity (0.000494 mg per gram of fresh weight) at a concentration of 60 mg per liter in genotype Savory Ardestān nanoparticles of titanium dioxide and 150 mMjasmonic acid; The highest polyphenol oxidase (0.0628 mg per gram of fresh weight) in Tabriz genotypes in treatments of 30 mg of nanoparticles of titanium dioxide and zero (control) M jasmonic acid was obtained.Savory population most effective physiological traits, Savory Rey, the antioxidant enzyme, Savory Ardestan and Tabriz and the non-enzymatic antioxidants (anthocyanins, phenols and flavonoids) Savory Mashhad. The results of this study showed that nano-titanium and jasmonic caused time and non-enzymatic antioxidant and physiological Savory is the most effective hormone levels nanoparticles of titanium, 30 ppm and jasmonic acid was 50 micro molar. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
27 - Phytochemical study and improving the essential oil yield of Cuminum cyminum L. medicinal plant by spraying the metabolic activator of pluramin and the growth regulator of bioxa under rainfed condition
Saeid Hazrati Farhad Habibzadeh Saeed Mollaei Zahra Masoumpour Parina AsgharianCumin (Cumin cyminum L.) the only cumin crop in Iran, which is rich in secondary metabolites has great economic value and is. In order to evaluate the effect of foliar application of growth stimulant of pluramin and bioxa on this plant, a field study was conducted as a MoreCumin (Cumin cyminum L.) the only cumin crop in Iran, which is rich in secondary metabolites has great economic value and is. In order to evaluate the effect of foliar application of growth stimulant of pluramin and bioxa on this plant, a field study was conducted as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications in the research farm of Shahid Madani University of Azerbaijan in 2017- 2018. Experimental factors included foliar application of pluramin at the concentrations of 0, 2.5 and 5 g.l-1 and bioxa at the levels of 0, 5 and 10 ml.l-1. The essential oil was extracted using hydro-distillation method in Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by GC/MS. The effect of foliar application of pluramin on 1000-seed weight, number of seeds per umbel and essential oil yield and the effect of foliar application of bioxa on plant height, number of seeds per umbel and content and yield of essential oil were significant. The interaction of experimental factors on the number of seeds per umbel, content and yield of essential oil was significant. Comparison of means showed that the highest content and yield of essential oil with a significant difference belonged to the foliar application of 10 ml.l-1 bioxa; after that, spraying 2.5 g.l-1 of pluramin produced the highest content of essential oil. The major compounds identified in all treatments included 3-carn-10-al, para-cement, p-comic aldehyde, gamma-terpinene, beta-pinene and 2-carn-10-al. The highest essential oil yield was obtained from foliar application of 10 ml.l-1 bioxa, which was significantly different from the other levels of foliar application. That is, simultaneous foliar application increased this compound. The highest amount of para-cymene, gamma-terpinene and beta-pinene was obtained by spraying 10 ml.l-1 bioxa and the lowest amount of these compounds were obtained by spraying 5 g.l-1 pluramin and 5 ml.l-1 bioxa. Overall, the results showed that foliar application of growth stimulants of pluramin and bioxa can improve the yield and composition of cumin essential oil under the rainfed conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - The effect of salt stress and proline on some morphological, physical and phytochemical traits of leaf in three olive cultivars
Naghimeh Poury Esmail Syfe Mahdi AlizadehOlive is one of the moderately resistant plants to salinity and the amount of resistance depends on the cultivar. Therefore, this species can be used as a model to study the responses of wooden plants to salt stress. In this study, six-months-old plantlets of three oliv MoreOlive is one of the moderately resistant plants to salinity and the amount of resistance depends on the cultivar. Therefore, this species can be used as a model to study the responses of wooden plants to salt stress. In this study, six-months-old plantlets of three olive cultivars, including Arbequina, Arbosana, and Koroneiki were under salt stress through various concentrations of sodium chloride, containing 0, 50, 100, and 200 mM for five months, and sprayed with proline at 0, 100, and 200 mg/L for three times. At the end of the stress period, the number of leaves on each plant was counted; and thickness, length and width, and fresh and dry weight of the leaves were measured. Carotenoid content of leaves was determined using DMSO, total leaf phenol was measured by Folinciocalteu reagent, and glucose levels were estimated based on McCready. The results indicated that the number of leaves was decreased by increasing salinity levels and Arbosana had the greatest reduction. Koroneiki showed a significant reduction in leaf length and width at 200 mM and application of proline could not prevent this decline. The lowest fresh and dry weight was observed at 200 mM salinity. Leaf thickness was increased in the response of salt stress and the content of carotenoids reduced. Among the cultivars studied, Arbosana had the lowest total phenolic contents. Also, at salinity 200 mM, the highest and the lowest sugar content was observed in Arbosana and koroneiki, respectively. Plantlets treated with proline 200 mg/L had the highest carbohydrates. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - اثر محلولپاشی کودهای حاوی عناصر غذایی و محرک‌های رشد بر مؤلفه‌های جوانه‌زنی برنج
قاسم کرد فیروزجایی حسن حبیبی صاحب سودایی مشایی محمد حسین فتوکیان -
Open Access Article
30 - بررسی کاربرد اسید هیومیک بر برخی ویژگی های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی رز مینیاتور
پروین طالبی Zohreh Jabbarzadehدر سال های اخیر، استفاده بیش از حد از کودهای شیمیایی و کمبود مواد آلی سبب کاهش میزان ماده آلی خاک در ایران شده است. افزایش استفاده از کودهای شیمیایی در کشاورزی سبب ایجاد مسائل زیست محیطی نظیر تخریب فیزیکی خاک و به هم خوردن تعادل غذایی خاک شده است. از این رو در حال حاضر، Moreدر سال های اخیر، استفاده بیش از حد از کودهای شیمیایی و کمبود مواد آلی سبب کاهش میزان ماده آلی خاک در ایران شده است. افزایش استفاده از کودهای شیمیایی در کشاورزی سبب ایجاد مسائل زیست محیطی نظیر تخریب فیزیکی خاک و به هم خوردن تعادل غذایی خاک شده است. از این رو در حال حاضر، کاربرد کودهای آلی افزایش می یابد. به منظور بررسی اثرات کاربرد اسید هیومیک بر برخی ویژگی های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی رز مینیاتور رقم هفت رنگ، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با دو فاکتور غلظت اسید هیومیک در چهار سطح (0، 500، 1000 و 2000 میلی گرم در لیتر) و نحوه کاربرد آن به دو شیوه (کاربرد خاکی و محلولپاشی برگی) 5 بار با فاصله 15 روز یک‌بار با 3 تکرار و 2 مشاهده انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که اسید هیومیک سبب افزایش میزان آنتوسیانین و قندهای محلول برگ ها شد. محلولپاشی برگی 500 میلی گرم در لیتر اسید هیومیک، به طور معنی داری میزان کلروفیل و فتوسنتز را افزایش داد. همچنین محلولپاشی برگی با 1000 میلی گرم در لیتر اسید هیومیک، میزان قندهای محلول را بیش از سایر تیمارها افزایش داد. اسید هیومیک تاثیر معنی داری بر شاخص سطح برگ و وزن تر ریشه ها داشت. در مجموع به نظر می رسد تغذیه گیاهان با اسید هیومیک سبب بهبود ویژگی های مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی گل رز مینیاتور گردد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - بررسی صفات مورفولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی گیاه همیشه بهار تحت تأثیر کودهای بیولوژیکی فسفر و روی
فرزاد جلالی داود نادریکاربرد کودهای بیولوژیک یکی از مهمترین اجزای مدیریت مواد مغذی است که نقش اساسی در کشاورزی پایدار و بهبود ویژگی­های کیفی گیاهان دارد. در این تحقیق، اثرات تیمارهای مختلفی از باکتری­های حل کننده فسفات از قبیل Pantoea agglomerans P5 و Pseudomonas putida P1 Moreکاربرد کودهای بیولوژیک یکی از مهمترین اجزای مدیریت مواد مغذی است که نقش اساسی در کشاورزی پایدار و بهبود ویژگی­های کیفی گیاهان دارد. در این تحقیق، اثرات تیمارهای مختلفی از باکتری­های حل کننده فسفات از قبیل Pantoea agglomerans P5 و Pseudomonas putida P13 (تلقیح بذر، استفاده از کود زیستی 2، 4 و 6 هفته پس از سبز شدن گیاه و عدم تلقیح بذر به عنوان تیمار شاهد) و محلول­پاشی برگی ZnSO4 (شاهد، 1، 2، و 3 گرم بر لیتر) بر صفات مورفولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه همیشه بهار ارزیابی شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین ارتفاع گیاه و وزن تر گل در گیاهان تحت تیمار تلقیح بذر با کود بیولوژیک فسفر × 2 گرم بر لیتر سولفات روی و همچنین در گیاهان تحت تیمار با کود زیستی در 2 هفته پس از سبز شدن × 1 و 2 گرم بر لیتر از ZnSO4 مشاهده شد. همچنین بیشترین وزن خشک گل و درصد آنتوسیانین تحت تیمار کاربرد کود زیستی در 2 و 4 هفته بعد از سبز شدن گیاه × 1 و 2 گرم بر لیتر از ZnSO4 بدست آمد. بیشترین مقدار فسفر در تیمار کود زیستی 4 و 6 هفته پس از سبز شدن × 2 و 1 گرم بر لیتر ZnSO4 مشاهده شد. علاوه بر این، بیشترین مقدار عنصر روی تحت شرایط کاربرد کود زیستی در 6 هفته پس از سبز شدن گیاه × محلول­پاشی 3 گرم بر لیتر ZnSO4به­دست آمد. در مقابل، کمترین مقادیر در اکثر پارامترها تحت کاربرد سطوح مختلف کاربرد زیستی × عدم محلول­پاشی ZnSO4 و محلول­­پاشی 3 گرم بر لیتر ZnSO4 مشاهده شد. بنابراین محلول­پاشی برگی ZnSO4 و کاربرد خاکی کودهای حل کننده فسفات می­تواند بر صفات بیوشیمیایی و مورفولوژیک گیاه همیشه بهار موثر باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - بررسی امکان تعدیل اثرات تنش خشکی خاک با پتاسیم در سطوح مختلف کوددهی پتاسه (مطالعه موردی: گل آهار)
مریم مرعشی بهاره یاراحمدییکی از موضوعات مهم در مدیریت پایدار کشاورزی، عملکرد مناسب محصول در شرایط تنش های محیطی است. طبعا در کشور خشک ایران، کمبود رطوبت یکی از چالش‌های اصلی کشاورزی است. تغذیه مناسب گیاه میتواند اثرات تنش خشکی را تعدیل نماید. برای بررسی اثرات تنش خشکی بر عملکرد گیاه از آهار به Moreیکی از موضوعات مهم در مدیریت پایدار کشاورزی، عملکرد مناسب محصول در شرایط تنش های محیطی است. طبعا در کشور خشک ایران، کمبود رطوبت یکی از چالش‌های اصلی کشاورزی است. تغذیه مناسب گیاه میتواند اثرات تنش خشکی را تعدیل نماید. برای بررسی اثرات تنش خشکی بر عملکرد گیاه از آهار به عنوان گیاه آزمایش استفاده شد. به همین منظور رشد گیاه آهار در پاسخ به تنش خشکی خاک در سطوح مختلف کوددهی پتاسه در یک آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با دو فاکتور بررسی شد. فاکتور اول: سه دوره آبیاری شامل 2 روز، 4 روز، یک هفته و فاکتور دوم: چهار سطح کودی پتاسیم شامل : 1- مصرف کود پتاسه بصورت پایه،2-مصرف کود پتاسه بصورت پایه و سرک، 3- مصرف کود پتاسه بصورت پایه و سرک + 2 بار محلولپاشی برگی و 4- مصرف کود پتاسه بصورت پایه و سرک + 4 بار محلولپاشی برگی. بستر کشت درهر گلدان نسبت 2 به1 خاک و کود حیوانی مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. پس از اتمام دوره رشد، شاخص‌های رویشی شامل وزن تر و خشک اندام‌های‌هوایی، ارتفاع‌گیاه، تعداد‌شاخه‌های جانبی، تعداد‌گل، وزن‌گل و طول بلندترین شاخه اندازه‌گیری شد. بیشترین شاخص‌های رشد: وزن تر و خشک اندام‌هوایی در تیمار 4 و دور آبیاری دو روز به ترتیب برابر 2/36 و 0/33 گرم، ارتفاع گیاه در تیمار 4 و دور آبیاری چهار روز برابر 43 سانتی‌متر، تعداد شاخه‌های جانبی در تیمار 4 و دور آبیاری یک برابر 8 و طول بلندترین شاخه در تیمار 4 و دور آبیاری دو روز برابر 9 سانتی‌متر به دست آمد. شاخص‌های رشد در تیمارهای کودی بهتر از شاهد بود و این نشان داد که پتاسیم در دسترس گیاه در طول دوره رشد مقاومت گیاه را افزایش داده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - تاثیر اسید جیبرلیک و نیتروژن بر ویژگیهای خوراکی بنفشه بومی (Viola odorata) و تجاری (Viola tricolor)
ندا نکویار روح انگیز نادری داود هاشم آبادی علی محمدی ترکاشوندپرورش گل‌های خوراکی از جمله بنفشه که بومی ایران است راهکاری مناسب جهت افزایش دسترسی بشر به این منابع جدید و با ارزش غذایی است. در این راستا در پژوهش حاضر اثر متقابل اسید جیبرلیک (GA) (0، 150 و 300 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) و نیتروژن (N) (0، 100 و 200 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) روی ویژگی Moreپرورش گل‌های خوراکی از جمله بنفشه که بومی ایران است راهکاری مناسب جهت افزایش دسترسی بشر به این منابع جدید و با ارزش غذایی است. در این راستا در پژوهش حاضر اثر متقابل اسید جیبرلیک (GA) (0، 150 و 300 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) و نیتروژن (N) (0، 100 و 200 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) روی ویژگیهای دو گونه بنفشه (Viola tricolor and Viola odorata) بصورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد اسید جیبرلیک و نیتروژن بطور معناداری موجب بهبود ویژگیهای خوراکی در هر دو رقم بنفشه می‌شود. بطوری‌که بیشترین پروتئین، کاروتنوئید، آهن و روی گلبرگ در هر دو گونه بنفشه با کاربرد "GA300 × N200" بدست آمد. مقدار آنتوسیانین گلبرگ در بنفشه معطر با کاربرد "GA0 × N100" (58.32 mg 100g-1 F.W.) و در بنفشه تجاری با کاربرد "GA300 × N100" (66.84 mg 100g-1 F.W.) بیشترین مقدار بود. بنفشه تجاری از نظر سلنیوم غنی‌تر از بنفشه معطر بود و تیمارهای "GA300 × N200"، "GA300 × N100" و "GA150 × N200" بیشترین غلظت سلنیوم را در بنفشه تجاری بخود اختصاص دادند. در هر دو نوع بنفشه بیشترین فلاونوئید طول موج‌های 300 و 330 نانومتر با کاربرد "GA300 × N200" و "GA150 × N200" بدست آمد. اما اثر تیمارها روی فلاونوئید 270 نانومتر معنی‌دار نبود. ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی بنفشه معطر بیشتر از بنفشه تجاری بود و بیشترین ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی در بنفشه معطر (84.83 % DPPHsc) و بنفشه تجاری (78.17 % DPPHsc) با کاربرد "GA150 × N200" حاصل شد. با توجه به نتایج حاصل، دو رقم بنفشه مورد مطالعه به‌عنوان منابع موثری از پروتئین، عناصر معدنی و ترکیبات آنتی‌اکسیدانی معرفی می‌شوند. همچنین کاربرد "GA300 × N200" و "GA150 × N200"جهت بهبود ویژگیهای خوراکی این دو گونه گیاهی پیشنهاد می‌شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - The effect of simultaneous application of salicylic acid and thiamine on morpho-physiological and qualitative properties of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) of Galaxy cultivar
Seyed Majid Jazayeri اسدی قارنه Asadi-GharnehThis experiment was conducted in factorial format and in the form of RCBD with 3 replications. The treatments used included four concentrations of salicylic acid and thiamine. Application of salicylic acid caused significant changes at 1% and 5% levels in all morphologi MoreThis experiment was conducted in factorial format and in the form of RCBD with 3 replications. The treatments used included four concentrations of salicylic acid and thiamine. Application of salicylic acid caused significant changes at 1% and 5% levels in all morphological and physiological traits except the number of flowers in the cluster, relative leaf water content, and acidity. Spraying salicylic acid on the leaves of tomatoes increased some traits such as yield, number of fruits in plant, number of bunches in plant, and compared to control plants (without application of salicylic acid). Thiamine spraying caused significant changes in most of the morpho-physiological and quality traits. Thiamine caused an increase in the traits that were significant, although this increase was influenced by the concentration of the used. The yield (4084 and 4225 kg for the application of salicylic acid and thiamine), vitamin C (42 and 51 mg/g fresh weight for the application of salicylic acid and thiamine), and lycopene (2.34 and 2.49 mg/g) fresh weight for the application of salicylic acid and thiamine) traits had the highest amount of salicylic acid and thiamine at a concentration of 100 mg/liter. Some of the traits such as yield, fruit diameter, fresh and dry weight, total acidity, phenolic acid, and vitamin C were also affected by the interaction of salicylic acid and thiamine. According to this study spraying of salicylic acid and thiamine with a concentration of 100 mg/liter will have the greatest effect on morphophysiological characteristics in Galaxy tomatoes under greenhouse conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - Effect of Iron Nano Oxide Concentration and Application Time on Tuber Yield and Quality of Potato
Ali Barghi عبدالقیوم قلیپوری احمد توبه سدابه جهانبخش شهزاد جماعتی ثمرینIn order to investigating nitrate accumulation, tuber yield and protein variation, affected by different levels of iron nano oxide in different growth stages of potato, a factorial experiment was conducted based on RCBD with three replications during 2012 in Ardabil reg MoreIn order to investigating nitrate accumulation, tuber yield and protein variation, affected by different levels of iron nano oxide in different growth stages of potato, a factorial experiment was conducted based on RCBD with three replications during 2012 in Ardabil region. The first factor was iron nano oxide fertilizer at four levels including 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 percent as well as normal iron oxide at 2 percent and the second factor was spraying stages (vegetative growth, beginning of tubering and tuber filling). Results showed that by iron nano oxide application, nitrate content of tuber decreased significantly and the least value was acquired in the interaction of spraying with 1.5 and 2 percent of iron nano oxide during tuber filling. The most leaf chlorophyll and average tuber weight was acquired in the interaction of spraying with 1, 1.5 and 2 percent during tuber filling and the most protein percentage of tuber by spraying with 1.5 and 2 percent of iron nano oxide during this period. Iron nano oxide levels of 1, 1.5 and 2 percent and spraying during tuber filling had the most tuber yield with a significant difference compared to other treatments. Additionally the application of normal iron oxide significantly increased tuber yield compared to control while it was in the same group with iron nano oxide levels of 0.5 and 1 percent. Regarding all traits measured, iron nano oxide concentration of 2 percent by spraying during tuber filling indicated the best result and is recommended to farmers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - Effect of bio fertilizers and foliar applicationon of Nano zinc oxide on clorophyll content, grain filling period and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under water limitation
RAOUF SEYED SHARIFI khadigeh babaei alireza pirzadIn order to study the effect of bio fertilizers and foliar application of nano zinc oxide on cholorophyll content, grain filling period and grain yield of wheat under water limitation, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with t MoreIn order to study the effect of bio fertilizers and foliar application of nano zinc oxide on cholorophyll content, grain filling period and grain yield of wheat under water limitation, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2014. The experimental factors were included: water limitation in three levels [full irrigation as control, irrigation withholding at 50% of heading booting stages], seed inoculation with PGPR: non-inoculation, inoculation with Azotobacter, Azosperilium, Pseudomonasputida) and foliar application of nano zinc oxide: non-foliar application and foliar application of nano iron oxide, nano zinc oxide and nano zinc oxide+ nano iron oxide). Results showed that maximum of grain weight (0.0689 g), rate grain filling (0.0019 g.day-1), grain filling period (52.63 days), effective grain filling period (34.78 days) and grain yield of per plant (1.21 g per plant) were obtained at application of Azotobacter, nano oxide of Zn+Fe and full irrigation. Minimum of traits (0.0031 g, 0.0017 g.day-1, 45.46 days, 25.39 days and 0.18 g.plant-1 respectively) were obtained in non-inoculation, non-foliar application of nano oxide and irrigation to %50 of booting stage. Based on the results, it seems that bio fertilizers and nano oxide of Zn+Fe application can be recommended for profitable wheat production under water limitation condition. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Effect of Salicylic Acid and Fertile Phosphate 2 Biofertilizer on Yield and Essence of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill)
Aida Farhangi Moosa ArshadTo study the response of some morphological traits, yield and essence of fennel, to foliar application of salicylic acid and phosphate 2 bio-fertilizers, an experiment was conducted in Research Farm of Islamic Azad University Branch of Malekan in 2013. The experimental MoreTo study the response of some morphological traits, yield and essence of fennel, to foliar application of salicylic acid and phosphate 2 bio-fertilizers, an experiment was conducted in Research Farm of Islamic Azad University Branch of Malekan in 2013. The experimental was conducted as randomized complete blocks with three replications. The factors was included foliar application of salicylic acid at three concentrations (non-foliar and foliar application of 30 and 60 mmol/lit), and fertile phosphate 2 (non-inoculation and inoculation). Results showed that foliar application of salicylic acid with biofertilizer had significant effects on traits including plant height, shoot dry matter, grains per plant, thousand grain weight, grain yield, harvest index and yield essential oil. The highest grains per plant (2274), plant height (63.6 cm), percentage of essential oil (3.24%) and yield essential oil (0.96 g/plant) were obtained with application of 60 mmol/lit salicylic acid. Also the highest grain yield (3215.6 kg/ha), grains per plant (2215), plant height (63.18 cm) and yield essential oil (0.85 g/plant) were achieved with application of fertile phosphate 2. It seems that application of salicylic acid and fertile phosphate 2 bio-fertilizers due to the improvement of some traits such as grain yield, essence and grains per plant can be recommended for profitable fennel production. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Effect of time of foliar application and type of liquid fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative yield of ratoon rice (var. Tarom)
M. Joukar M. Nasiri N. Kheyri M. HabibiIn order to study the effects of time of foliar application and type of liquid fertilizers on yield, yield components and qualitative traits of ratoon rice (var. Tarom), a field experiment was conducted as split-plot in randomized complete block design with three replic MoreIn order to study the effects of time of foliar application and type of liquid fertilizers on yield, yield components and qualitative traits of ratoon rice (var. Tarom), a field experiment was conducted as split-plot in randomized complete block design with three replicaties in Rice Research Institute of Iran, Deputy of Mazandaran in 2010. Treatments were time of liquid fertilizers application in three levels T1: Tillering+ Heading, T2: Heading+ Flowering and T3: Tillering+ Heading+ Flowering as main plot and type of liquid fertilizer in seven levels F1: Potassium biofull, F2: Phosphorus biofull, F3: Growth fertilizer of specific for rice, F4: Zinc of mehrvarzan, F5: Microfull of mehrvarzan, F6: Potassium biofull + Phosphorus biofull and F7: Control and no fertilizer application as sub plot. Results showed that the time of fertilizer application had no significant effect on yield, yield components and qualitative traits of grain. The type of liquid fertilizer had a significant effect on tiller number per hill, shell percentage, grain length after cooking and amylose content. The interaction effect between type and time of liquid fertilizer application on grain length after cooking was significant. The maximum tiller number was obtained with Potassium biofull+Phosphorus biofull application. The lowest shell percentage (18.67%) and the highest amylose content (21.56%) were obtained with phosphorus biofull application. The longest grain after cooking was obtained with phosphorus biofull application in time of tillering+heading with 12.97 mm. It seems that, the phosphorus biofull was considered as the best fertilizer for increasing the quality of ratoon rice. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - Effects of Humic Acid Sprays and of Planting Dates on Some Mung Bean Traits (Vigna raddia L.)
aliakbar rezvani جعفر مسعود سینکی hoosain abaspoor saeid gharib boloukA split factorial experiment was done in Bastam region in Shahrud during 2011-2012 crop year,using randomized complete design block with 3 replications to investigate the effect of planting data on some cultivars of mung bean. The experimental treatments included three MoreA split factorial experiment was done in Bastam region in Shahrud during 2011-2012 crop year,using randomized complete design block with 3 replications to investigate the effect of planting data on some cultivars of mung bean. The experimental treatments included three planting dates (1st, 11th, and 21st of May, 2011), the application of humic acid spray at three levels (control, 40%, and 60%),and VC and Parto cultivars. Results from this study suggest that the second planting date provides the best conditions for reducing environmental effects and preserving the dry and fresh weights of the seed (53.57 g/shrub, and 174.97 g/shrub). In addition, the interaction between the planting date and dry weight of the seed, as well as between the planting date and fresh weight of the seed were significant at the level of 5% and 1%, respectively. The cultivars under planting date treatment showed statistical difference at the level of 1% in some traits namely 1000-seed weight, number of seeds per pod, and yield. Among the cultivars, the maximum 1000-seed weight (63.21 g) belonged to the Parto cultivar. In addition, the application of humic acid spray affected 1000-seed weight, number of seeds per pod, and seed yield in different cultivars at the level of 1%; in that, the maximum effect belonged to the application of humic acid 60% spray (66.20 g). On the other hand, such traits as protein content and ash content were not affected by any of the factors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - The effects of auxine and cytokinin hormones on maize grain quality unde drought stress condition
Ali Mahrokh Majid Nabipour Habibalah Roshanfekr Rajab ChoganThis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of auxin and cytokinin spraying in different growth stages on grain composition of maize (KSC 704) under drought stress condition during 2013 growing season at Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran. The experim MoreThis study was conducted to evaluate the effect of auxin and cytokinin spraying in different growth stages on grain composition of maize (KSC 704) under drought stress condition during 2013 growing season at Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran. The experiment was carried out in three separate environments included non-drought stress environment, drought stress in the vegetative stage and drought stress in the reproductive stage. In each environment, foliar application of cytokinin in three stages (control, V5 –V6 and V8-V10) and foliar application of auxin in three stages (control, silk emergence and 15 days after that) was laid out as a factorial design based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that the maximum protein (10.93%) and soluble sugar (5.80%) in grain were obtained under drought stress in the productive stage whereas the maximum starch (77.37%) and grain dry mater (90.83%) were obtained in non-stress condition. Foliar application of cytokinin in V8-V10 stage, increased convert starch to soluble sugar on the other hand, foliar application of auxin in silk emergence stage caused converting hexose sugars to starch, increasing the sink capacity (grain endosperm) for receiving more starch and also increasing the grain dry mater . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - Effects of salicylic acid and spermine exogenous application on functional and physiological characteristics of isabgol (Plantago ovata Forssk.) under cutoff irrigation
azam roumani Abbas Biabani Ali Rahemi Karizaki Ebrahim Gholamalipour Alamdari Abdollatif GholizadehThis study was conducted as split plot factorial experiment was done based on a randomized complete block design with 18 treatments and three replications, on research field of the Gonbad Kavous University, Golestan, Iran in winter 2017. In this experiment the treatment MoreThis study was conducted as split plot factorial experiment was done based on a randomized complete block design with 18 treatments and three replications, on research field of the Gonbad Kavous University, Golestan, Iran in winter 2017. In this experiment the treatments of irrigation included; control (non-stress), irrigation cutoff at flowering stage and irrigation cutoff at seed filling stage) was the main-plot and factorial of salicylic acid (SA) (0, 0.4 and 0.8 mM), spermine (Spm) spraying (0 and 0.02 mM) was as a sub-plot. According to the results of the experiment, the highest 1000-grain weight (2.00 g) was obtained in irrigation cutoff at seed filling with 0.4 mM salicylic acid spraying and biological yield (2472.37 kg/ha) was observed under normal irrigation conditions and SA0.8mM+Spm0.02mM spraying. In addition, the most of Seed swelling factor (12.42 ml) and seed mucilage percentage (21.33%) were obtained in under moderate and severe stress conditions, respectively. Also, the highest grain yield (574.05 kg ha-1), seed mucilage yield (102.12 kg ha-1) and seed husk percentage (72%) were observed to foliar spraying 0.8 mM salicylic acid and 0.02 mM spermine in irrigation cutoff at seed filling. According to the results, the spraying of salicylic acid and spermine in irrigated conditions at flowering and seed filling stages prevented significant traits from being studied and the highest grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, seed husk percent, seed mucilage percentage, seed mucilage yield were caused. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - The effect of nano-potass fertilizer and methanol application on some physiological characters, yield and yield components of wheat
Ferdus Rezaie Mehrshad Barary Ali Hatami Hamid Hassanein KhoshroApplication of methanol foliar on aerial parts of plants increases their yield and accelerates their ripening and also the use of nano-fertilizers for precise control of nutrients release can be an effective step towards achieving sustainable agriculture. In order to ev MoreApplication of methanol foliar on aerial parts of plants increases their yield and accelerates their ripening and also the use of nano-fertilizers for precise control of nutrients release can be an effective step towards achieving sustainable agriculture. In order to evaluate the effect of foliar application of methanol and potash fertilizers on photosynthetic pigments, yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), a factorial experiment was conducted as a randomized completely blocks design with three replications in 2015-2016 at Research Farm, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran. Factors included three levels of methanol (0), 10 and 15% by volume and three levels of nano-potash fertilizer (0), 2 and 4 per thousand. Results showed that foliar application of methanol had only a significant effect on harvest index. Effect of nano-potash fertilizer on spike per plant was significant. Interaction between nano-potash fertilizer foliar and methanol on grains per spike, plant height, grain yield, chlorophyll and carotenoids was significant, while there was no significant effect on grain weight and biological yield. The highest and the lowest of chlorophyll a, b and total carotenoids contents were found in foliar treatment with 10% methanol and 4 kg nano-potash and control (no application), respectively. The highest grains per spike and grain yield were obtained with 15% methanol and 4 kg nano-potash compared to control treatment (40 and 45 percent), respectively. Overall, results showed that foliar treatment 15% methanol with 4 kg/ha nano-potash could possibly be useful to increase wheat yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Effect of foliar application of nitrogen and zinc on the yield and yield components of soybeans
M. Soroush M. Ashori E. AmiriIn order to investigate the effects of zinc and nitrogen foliar application on yield and yield components of soybean, a field study was conducted in Roudsar, Guilan province, during growing season of 2012. The experiment was factorial in randomized complete block design MoreIn order to investigate the effects of zinc and nitrogen foliar application on yield and yield components of soybean, a field study was conducted in Roudsar, Guilan province, during growing season of 2012. The experiment was factorial in randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments consisted of four levels of nitrogen fertilizer including: N1-control, N2- 30, N3-60 and N4- 90 kg/ha from urea source and zinc treatments in 4 levels including: Zn1- control, Zn2- 0.5, Zn3- 1 and Zn4- 1.5 lit/ha. Results showed that nitrogen levels had significant effects on the number of pod per plant, number of seed per pod, 100 seed weight, grain yield, biomass, height of plant and length of pod. In the experiment zinc treatments, had significant effects on the number of pod per plant, 100 seed weight, grain yield, biomass, harvest index, height of plant and length of pod. Also interaction of nitrogen and zinc treatments had significant effects on the number of pod per plant, number of seed per pod, 100 seed weight, grain yield and harvest index. The 90 kg/ha nitrogen treatment and 0.5 lit/ha zinc application resulted in the most yield (5902 kg/ha) that didn't show any significant difference compared with 60 kg/ha nitrogen and 0.5 L/ha zinc (5682 kg/ha). The application of 60 kg/ha nitrogen and 0.5 lit/ha zinc is recommended in soybean in north of Iran. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - Effect of manure and foliar application of humic acid on morphological and physiological traits of wheat
A. Dolatabadi J. Masoud Sinaki H. Abbaspour A. EbadiA factorial experiment was conducted in the region of Majan in Shahrood using the complete randomized blocks design in three replications in the cropping year 2012-2013 to study the effects of applying manure, and of spraying humic acid, on some morphological and physio MoreA factorial experiment was conducted in the region of Majan in Shahrood using the complete randomized blocks design in three replications in the cropping year 2012-2013 to study the effects of applying manure, and of spraying humic acid, on some morphological and physiological characters of the two wheat cultivars of Alvand and Sayonez. There were two levels of manure application: D1 (35 tons per hectare) and D2 (no manure applied), and two levels of humic acid spray: H1 (0.001 liter) and H2 (no humic acid sprayed). Analysis of variance showed that the largest average wet and dry weights of the aerial parts of wheat plants in the humic acid treatments were 0.96 and 0.59 grams, respectively, and that the interaction effects of the cultivar Alvand, humic acid spray, and manure application resulted in plants having the maximum height of 98.16 centimeters. Humic acid spray increased chlorophyll a concentration the most (2.04 milligrams per gram of wet plant weight), while the largest chlorophyll b concentration (0.97 milligram per gram of wet plant weight) belonged to the treatment of the cultivar Alvand sprayed with humic acid. The highest total chlorophyll concentration observed in the treatment of spraying humic acid was 2.91 milligrams per gram of wet plant weight. The treatment of cultivar Alvand and humic acid spray and the treatment of the cultivar Sayonez without humic acid spray, but with manure application, had the largest carotenoid concentration (0.96 milligram per gram of wet plant weight). The results showed that using humic acid and applying manure can have positive effects on wheat seed yield and on some of the cultural characters related to seed yield, and that these effects may result from the physiological effects of spraying humic acid and applying manure. Finally, it is concluded that spraying humic acid and applying manure, besides increasing wheat yield, can play a considerable role in achieving the goals of sustainable agriculture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Consider effect of zinc sulfate on some quality parameters and grain zinc concentration of rice (Oryza sativa L) var. Shiroudi
Seyed Hesamodin Hosein zadeh Abdolmajid Mahdavi Damghani Babak Delkhosh Salman Dastan Foliar spray one of the best method to rice grain enrichment and Zn deficiency in daily diet resulted many problem and disorders. In order a experimental was carried out with purpose study effect of different amount zinc More Foliar spray one of the best method to rice grain enrichment and Zn deficiency in daily diet resulted many problem and disorders. In order a experimental was carried out with purpose study effect of different amount zinc sulfate fertilizer on three important quality factor include amylase, temperature of gelatination, gel consistency and grain Zn concentration on Shiroudi cultivar in 2010 at tonekabon rice research station with 5 treatment zero, 2,4,6 and 8 per thousand spray zinc sulphate on randomized complete block design with four replications. Sprayed in three stages one month after transplanting seedling to the main field after flowering and milky stage were performed. The result showed zinc sulphate foliar spray significantly influence on AC, GT and Zn grain enrichment (p 0.05) and GC (p 0.01). Results of this experiment showed Zn can conversion glucose and sucrose to starch and affected on grain qualitative factors thus direct and indirect­ affect on GC and GT. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
46 - Effects of wastewater and foliar complete nutrient application on grain yield and antioxidant-enzymatic active on Setaria italica (L.)
M. Heidari P. JamshidianIn order to study the effects of wastewater irrigation and foliar complete nutrient on grain yield and antioxidant-enzymatic active on Setaria a field experiment was conducted at the University of Zabol in Iran during 2009 growing season. The statistical plan selected w MoreIn order to study the effects of wastewater irrigation and foliar complete nutrient on grain yield and antioxidant-enzymatic active on Setaria a field experiment was conducted at the University of Zabol in Iran during 2009 growing season. The statistical plan selected was split plot design with three replications. The treatments were comprised of three kinds of irrigation water (W1=well water and W2= domestic waste water+well water and W3= domestic waste water) in main plot and three foliar complete nutrient (F1=control, F2= 400 and F3= 800 gr/ha) in sub plot. Results showed that irrigation with wastewater and 800 gr/ha foliar complete nutrient significantly increased grain yield. In this study wastewater application decreased antioxidant-enzymatic activity of CAT, APX and GPX enzymes. Foliar complete nutrient except GPX enzyme decreased CAT and APX antioxidant-enzymatic activity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - The effect of foliar application manganese on quantitative and qualitative traits of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and the relationships between them
nafiseh mahdinezhad mahmod mohammadkhani Brat Ali FakheriThis research was carried out at research farm of agricultural and natural resource station of Zabol, in 2014-2015. Cropping cycle, under alpha lattice design with two replications under two normal conditions and foliar manganese. Foliar Manganese at a concentration of MoreThis research was carried out at research farm of agricultural and natural resource station of Zabol, in 2014-2015. Cropping cycle, under alpha lattice design with two replications under two normal conditions and foliar manganese. Foliar Manganese at a concentration of 1 kg/ha was carried out in three stages of planting, stemming and flowering on 148 spring barley cultivars. The results showed that in different growth stages, foliar manganese increased the height, fresh and dry weight of forage, number of tillers per plant, leaf to stem ratio and reduction of seed to forage ratio, compared to normal treatment. Manganese solution increased Crude Protein, Crude Fiber, Acid detergent fiber, Natural detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin traits, as well as reduced qualitative characteristics of dry mater digestibility, Water soluble carbohydrate and ash compared with normal treatment. Simple correlation coefficients between traits showed that there is an inverse relationship between quantity and forage quality. As a result, the factors that increase the amount of forage reduce its quality and vice versa. In the following, using factor analysis, 14 variables were defined in five factors for normal conditions and four factors for manganese soluble conditions which justify 80.81% and 83.85% of the variation of the data, respectively. They made the results of this study indicated the total digestibility of dry mater digestibility, Water soluble carbohydrate, acid detergent fiber and natural detergent fiber from the oral parameters of forage, which can influence on forage quality and animal feed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Effects of BAFoliar application on some qulity and quantity characteristics in hybrid Corn (Zea maysVar T.W.C.647) under cut irrigation in Pakdasht region.
mahdi BagheriTo evaluate the effect of foliar application of BA on morphological and physiological characteristics l Maize (Zea mays Var T.W.C.647) under cut irrigation, the experiment was conducted split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications at a farm in MoreTo evaluate the effect of foliar application of BA on morphological and physiological characteristics l Maize (Zea mays Var T.W.C.647) under cut irrigation, the experiment was conducted split plot in randomized complete block design with three replications at a farm in PAKDASHT at Tehran zone. Experimental treatments include main plots: C0 = Normal irrigation, C1= cut irrigation at stem elongation stage, C2 = cut irrigation at flowering stage, C3=cut irrigation at filling grain stage and sub plots of research include: M0= control (no application), M1 = 100 ppm, M2 = 200 ppm respectively. The results of this study showed that cut irrigation can reduce grain yield, grain weight, biological yield, harvest index, protein yield, oil content, oil yield, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, relative water content, but foliar application BA were increased the following parameters. The highest T.G.W, G.Y, B.Y, oil percentage and Total chlorophyll a were achieved Normal Irrigation * 200 ppm BA(341.1 gr, 8982.7 (Kg.ha), 28942.2(Kg.ha), 6.97(%),1.94 Spad) had no significant difference with C0M0,C0M2,C1M2. Therefore, it is recommended to use foliar application of BA with a concentration of 200 ppm in case of cut irrigation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - Investigation of the Drought stress and Silver nano-particles sprays on morphological and physiological traits on sunflower (Helianthus annuus. L)
Sayed Hamed Tabatabei Zavareh meysam oveysi Mohammad NasriThis study aimed to investigate the effect of drought stress and foliar application of silver nanoparticles on morphological and physiological characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus. L) and split-plot in a randomized complete block design with three levels of w MoreThis study aimed to investigate the effect of drought stress and foliar application of silver nanoparticles on morphological and physiological characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus. L) and split-plot in a randomized complete block design with three levels of water stress agent the main factor (I0: 60 mm evaporation from pan class a (normal irrigation), I1: 90 mm evaporation from pan class a and I2: 120 mm evaporation from pan class a) and foliar application of silver nanoparticles four levels as subplots (NS0: sprayed with water, NS1: 50 mg nano-silver, NS2: 90 ppm silver nano, NS3: 130 mg nano-silver) and three replications. respectively. The results showed that the effects of irrigation and silver nanoparticles and their interactions at the level of one and five percent of the studied traits had significant impact. The highest yield (4038.49 kg.ha), oil yield (2134.52 kg.ha) with normal irrigation treatment, 60 mm × 130 milligrams per liter of nano-silver evaporation and biological yield (11248.8 kg.ha) with normal irrigation treatment, 60 mm × 90 mm evaporation of silver nano-grams per liter respectively. The highest chlorophyll a and normal irrigation treatment of 50 mg per liter of nanosilver with (25.05 mg) was given. Stress increases the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). The highest MDA (MDA) with (12.71 nmol g) fresh from severe stress and weight was sprayed with purified water. The lowest yield (3091.6 kg.ha) and biological yield (8787.2kg.ha) and oil yield (1326.99kg.ha) related to severe stress, 120mm × water evaporation was observed. The lowest level of MDA of normal irrigation, 60mm evaporation with (6.19nmolg.fw) and chlorophyll a to severe stress, 120mm evaporation (17.72 mg of fresh leaf weight) less the amount of support. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Effect of drought stress and selenium foliar application on morphological traits, yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamustinctorius .L)
Behnam Khademi Hossein Ali Shaibani Arash BorzouIn order to study the effect of selenium foliar application on morphological traits, yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamustinctorius .L) under drought stress an experiment in split plot based on complete block design with three replications in 2014 in Varam MoreIn order to study the effect of selenium foliar application on morphological traits, yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamustinctorius .L) under drought stress an experiment in split plot based on complete block design with three replications in 2014 in Varamin region. The first factor drought stress in four irrigation regimes were 50 (Control), 80, and 110 mm evaporation from evaporation pan (Class A) and the second factor consisted of four levels of selenium (Control, 100, 200 and 300 mg.lit) respectively. Results showed a significant effect of drought stress and selenium on on plant height, height offer branching of the soil, head diameter, grain yield, biological yield, 1000-grain weight, number of seeds per head, number of heads and number of branches, but the effect of treatments on stem diameteris not significant. Interactions between drought stress and selenium was significant and the best results in normal irrigation (control)and 300 mg treatment was obtained Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - Effects of humic acid sprying on yield and nutrients transition to wheat grain in drought stress condition
Rahim Mahmoodi Zoeek Mohammad Nasri meysam oveysiAn experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of humic acid spraying on grain yield and yield components of wheat, in agricultural research and natural resources center of Tehran province, in 2010-11. a split-plot layout within randomized complete b MoreAn experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of humic acid spraying on grain yield and yield components of wheat, in agricultural research and natural resources center of Tehran province, in 2010-11. a split-plot layout within randomized complete block design with three replications were used. main plots were three irrigation treatments contains of normal irrigation, non-irrigation at start of flowering stage (light stress) and non-irrigation at start of grain filling stage (severe stress), and sub plots were four levels of Humic acid spraying (spraying with pure water, Humic acid spraying with 200, 400 and 600 mg.l concentration). The result showed that, all of yield components except plant height and peduncle length affected significantly by drought stress on reproductive growth stage. The grain yield was significantly affected by Both light and severe stress treatments. The grain yield was decreased by 15.4% and 30.9% for light and sever stress respectively. humic acid spraying increased growth rate and leaf production and also accelerated maximum LAI achievement. The grain yield increased with Humic acid spraying for all three concentrations but, this was only significant in 600 mg.l.Protein and phosphorous percentage increased significantly with Humic acid spraying.. Polynomial equation for LAI changes manner, showed that the maximum LAI was achieved in higher amount and erlier time for normal irrigation and higher concentration of humic acid. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Effects of seaweed extract Sargassumboveanum on physiological characteristics of Menthapiperita
hanieh Hedayatifard mansoureh KhalatbariThis research was accomplished in 2016 at greenhouse for study of different concentration effects of seaweed (Sargassum) extract on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Menthapiperita. Present research was done in a factorial design with a completely randomiz MoreThis research was accomplished in 2016 at greenhouse for study of different concentration effects of seaweed (Sargassum) extract on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Menthapiperita. Present research was done in a factorial design with a completely randomized four replications. The main factor was different concentrations of seaweed extract with 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 percent, while the subplot was different spray time in two period types of every 5 and 10 days. The results showed that the concentration of chlorophyll a in peppermint increased with decreasing the time of foliar application and was not significant at different concentrations of algal extract in 30 and 40% treatments on the studied traits. The effect of different concentrations of sargassum algae extract on plant minerals including nitrogen was positive at a concentration of 20% in 10 days of treatment. Therefore, in order to increase the protein and essential oil of peppermint, the concentrations of sargassum extract in this study can be used. In general, it can be concluded that the use of algae extract in the production of peppermint was not considered appropriate due to reduced growth rate and no positive effect on plant essential oil, and from concentrations of 20% or more as a herbicide can be Used. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
53 - Effect of different levels of iron and zinc concentrations of micronutrients on yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) single cross 260
Hamid Goudarzi Pourang Kasraie Behnam ZandTo study the effects of micronutrient concentrations of iron and zinc on maize (Zea maysL.) KSC 260 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications Education - Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Varamin -Pyshva was condu MoreTo study the effects of micronutrient concentrations of iron and zinc on maize (Zea maysL.) KSC 260 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with four replications Education - Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University of Varamin -Pyshva was conducted in July 1392. First of iron sulphate fertilizer at three levels (zero, two, four thousand liters) and the second zinc sulfate fertilizer at three levels (zero, four, eight per liter) is sprayed in two steps (first eight-leaf stage and secondly tassel emergence) was performed. The results showed that the interaction between the treatment of iron concentration on four thousand and four hundred on a test characteristics and biological function of the average 24856.3 (Kg.ha), with an average yield of 9496.5 (Kg.ha), with an average of 9.06 percent protein performance fibers with an average 860.4 (Kg.ha), with an average of 38.72% and harvest index (LAI), with a mean value of 6.27 compared to the control (non-use spray), giving the greatest impact on corn (Zea mays L. ) KSC 260 is in Varamin. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
54 - Effect of molybdenum (Mo) spraying on morphophysiological characteristics of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under drought stress condition
Amir Hossain Ghaffarian Reza Zarghami Behnam ZandAn experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of Mo spraying on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of wheat grain yield under water stress condition, in varamin agricultural research center in 2010-11. a split plot layout within randomized compl MoreAn experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of Mo spraying on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of wheat grain yield under water stress condition, in varamin agricultural research center in 2010-11. a split plot layout within randomized complete block design with three replications were used. main plots were three irrigation treatments (normal irrigation, non-irrigation at start of grain filling stage and non-irrigation at start of flowering stage) and sub plots were Mo spraying with three levels including spraying with pure water, Mo spraying with 0.5% concentration and Mo spraying with 1% concentration. The result showed that, grain yield and many of yield components affected by drought stress, significantly, on reproductive growth stage. Grain yield had significantly decreased by light and severe stress by 14.6% and 26.7% respectively. The most effect of stress at filling stage treatment were on thousand kernel weight leaf area duration and day to maturity, where as, number grain per spike and number of fertile ear affected with stress at flowering stage treatment. Severe stress treatment had a signifinant effect on maximum amount of LAI and CGR. Leaf area duration decreased for both two stress treatments and leaf defoliation started so earlier than normal treatment. Mo spraying has significant effects on grain yield and many yield components and also caused a significant decrease of water stress damages. 1% concentration of Mo spraying caused significant increase in total kernel weight, pedancle length, number of fertile spike and number of kernel per spike by 6.7%, 13.9%, 5.7%, 6.5% and 17.4% respectively. Day to maturity increased for 4 days in this treatment. Mo sprying with 1% concentration increased the grain yield from 5699 kg/hac to 6065 kg/hac significantly. There was no significant difference between to spraying concentrations (0.5% and 1%) for number of kernel per spike, total kernel weight, pedancle length, grain yield, biological yoeld, harvest index, protein yield and protein percentage. Also, the effect of Mo spraying was not significant for biological yield and harvest index. The manner of LAI and CGR changes during wheat growth period had significantly affected by Mo spraying. Protein percentage of wheat grain increased in both two irrigation and Mo soraying treatments. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - The effect of micronutrients (Fe, Zn and Mn) on the quantity and quality of the Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)
Aref Rezaei Mohammad Nasri Farshad GhooshchiIn order to evaluate the effect of micronutrients (Fe, Zn and Mn) on the quantity and quality of the Stevia, an experiment was conducted in during 2014 at Research Greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Varamin branch. A randomized complete block MoreIn order to evaluate the effect of micronutrients (Fe, Zn and Mn) on the quantity and quality of the Stevia, an experiment was conducted in during 2014 at Research Greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Varamin branch. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Treatments included: 1-Control, 2-Foliar application (9% Fe water-soluble), 3- Foliar application (6% Fe water-soluble), 4- Foliar application (9% Fe water-soluble)+ Zn, 5- Foliar application (6% Fe water-soluble)+ Zn, 6-Foliar application (9% Fe water-soluble)+ Mn, 7- Foliar application (6% Fe water-soluble)+ Mn, 8- Foliar application (9% Fe water-soluble)+ Zn+Mn, 9- Foliar application (6% Fe water-soluble)+ Zn+Mn. Results showed a significant effect of Foliar micronutrients on shoot length, Internode length, root dry weight, leaf dry weight, soot dry weight, Stevioside, Rebaudioside, Glycoside, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll b/a, Fe, Zn and Mn content, but the effect of Treatments on P and Ca content is not significant. The Best Results in Foliar application (9% Fe water-soluble) + Zn+Mn treatment was obtained. The impact on the amount of phosphorus and calcium treatments were not significant. Because the micro-nutrients applied as foliar application is sent, an increased impact on soil phosphorus and phosphorus absorption and thus no plant phosphorus content is also due to the lack of elemental calcium treatments and applications by spraying, can have no effect on the absorption of calcium soil. Most of the glycosides in the treatment of iron (nine percent soluble in water) + Zn + Mn and lowest in control 7.55 and 3.94 respectively with an average of dry matter was obtained. Most of the shoot in the treatment of iron (nine percent soluble in water) + Zn + Mn and lowest in control respectively 81 and 58 cm respectively. Fe + Zn + Mn combination treatment compared to other treatments bigger share of Stevia in the lengthening of internodes were at least internode length, with an average of 3.03 inches was in control. Lowest Steviosid with an average of 2.25% of dry matter in the Amdo control Fe + Zn + Mn combination treatment compared to other treatments had a bigger share in the increase in the Stevia plant Steviosid. The highest Rybvdyvzyd in the treatment of iron (nine percent soluble in water) + Zn + Mn and iron treatment (six percent soluble in water) + Zn + Mn with an average of 2.63 and 2.53 percent of the dry matter and least control it. In between treatments, foliar iron (not water-soluble iron content) + Zinc + foliar fertilizer spray six thousand four hundred manganese fertilizers more effective than other treatments the traits were measured. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
56 - Evaluation of (Fe) micronutrient on agronomic traits in different ecotypes of fenu greek
masoumeh Mohammadian far ghasem Mohammadinejad sayed mohamad ali Vakili shahr babakiFenugreek as an important medicinal plant is belonged to leguminous with Fenugreek characteristics. In order to evaluate the performance of 6 different ecotypes of Fenugreek under Iron Fertilizer Foliar spraying, an experiment was condors in arrangement of split plat ba MoreFenugreek as an important medicinal plant is belonged to leguminous with Fenugreek characteristics. In order to evaluate the performance of 6 different ecotypes of Fenugreek under Iron Fertilizer Foliar spraying, an experiment was condors in arrangement of split plat based on RCBD with three replication on grows season of 2012-13 at experimental Field of Islamic Azad university of Jiroft. The main plats were Iron Foliar application with EDTA at three levels (0, 2/1000 and 4/1000). Based the soil Analysis. The sub plats were considered as 6 different ecotypes of Fenugreek (Isfahan, mazandaran, Ilam, Kordestan, Kerman and Dena). In the majority of the these results, Iron spraying in 2/1000 is more suitable than, in the compare to 4/1000 and control showed Kerman ecotypes with 2/1000 iron app hate had the best seed yield while (162.3 Kg.ha) Isfahan ecotypes with (5.6 Kg.ha) seed yield had the lowed amount of seed yield, generally application of 2/1000 Iron Foliar spraying showed the best growth rate rather than 4/1000 and control condition. Drew to Availably of Cal curs soil in Iran and specially jiroft region kerman and Mazandaran with 2/1000 Finally, it can be concluded due to the different responses of different ecotypes to iron application in region of Kerman, Kordestan and Dena with 2/1000 ecotypes and Mazandaran with 4/1000 for Iron application are good so for each area speared survey will be needed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - Effect of B spraying on yield and physiological traits of wheat underwaterdeficit stress (Triticum aestivum L.)
Mohammad Reza Moeinian Kaveh Zarghari Javad HasanpoorAn experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of B spraying and drought stress on water relations of wheat, in varamin agricultural research center in 2009-10. A split-plot layout within randomized complete block design with three replications were used. MoreAn experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of B spraying and drought stress on water relations of wheat, in varamin agricultural research center in 2009-10. A split-plot layout within randomized complete block design with three replications were used. Main plots were three irrigation treatments (normal irrigation , non-irrigation at 50% stem elongation stage and non-irrigation at 50% flowering stage ) and sub plots were three levels of B spraying ( spraying with pure water, B spraying with 0.5% concentration and B spraying with 1% concentration ). The result showed that, the highest amount of grain yield was belonged to normal irrigation + B spraying with 1% concentration treatment (5632.5 kg/hac). This treatment had 53.9% yield increasing comparing with non-irrigation + spraying with pure water treatment (2591.4 kg/hac). Prolin percentage affected significantly with irrigation and B spraying treatments,. The highest and the lowest amount of Prolin was belong to non-irrigation at 50% flowering stage+ B spraying with 1% concentration treatment (1/01 Mg/g.fw) and normal irrigation + spraying with pure water (0/803 Mg/g.fw), respectively. Irrigation effects on cell membrane stability and chlorophyll content of leaves was affected but the effect was not affected B spraying, RWC affected significantly with irrigation and B spraying treatments, normal irrigation + B spraying with 1% concentration treatment had the highest amount of RWC (94%) and the lowest amount of RWC was belong to non-irrigation at 50% stem elongation stage + spraying with pure water treatment (56%) Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
58 - Influence of plant density and zinc foliar application on yield and its components in corn (hybrid K.S.C704)
Vagar Mirza Shahram Lak Mehran MombeniIn order to study the Influence of plant density and zinc foliar application on yield and its components in single cross corn (Zea mays L.), an experiment was carried out using factorial method on the basis of RCBD with three replicates in Ahwaz, Iran. Experimental trea MoreIn order to study the Influence of plant density and zinc foliar application on yield and its components in single cross corn (Zea mays L.), an experiment was carried out using factorial method on the basis of RCBD with three replicates in Ahwaz, Iran. Experimental treatments administered included plant density on three levels (D1=65000, D2=75000 and D3=85000 plant per Hectare plant density). The second factor includes: zinc foliar application in four treatments (F0=control, non application of zinc, F1=zinc foliar application in V12 stage, F2=VT stage and F3= zinc foliar split application in two stages of V12 and VT based, on corn developmental growth stages). Results showed that plant density effects on grain yield, total dry matter, harvest index, 1000 grain weight, leaf area index and grain number in ear were significant (p= 0.01). In addition zinc foliar application effects on grain yield, total dry matter, harvest index and 1000 grain weight were significant (p= 0.05). But interaction between of plant density and zinc foliar application had not a significant effect on above character mentioned. The highest grain yield (equal to 9843.3 kg per hectore) was obtained at the density of 75000 plants with zinc foliar split application in two stages of V12 and VT. The lowest grain yield (equal to 7751.9 kg per hectare) was obtained at the density of 65000 plants with non application of zinc. The highest Biological yield (20276.07 kg per hectare) belongs to D2 with non application of zinc and the lowest rate (15960.31kg per hectare) obtained in D1 with F1 treatment. The most Grain number in ear observed in zinc foliar split application treatment in two stages of V12 and VT. Maximum of LAI belong to D2 with F3 treatment. In generally, planting of 75000 plants per Hectare and zinc foliar split application in two stages of V12 and VT, lead to the highest of LAI and harvest index in D2 treatment and finally result to the highest grain yield. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - Effect of foliar application of Fe, Zn micronutrients and Ca under supplementary irrigation on rainfed lentil yield
Majid Chegini Hamid Reza Zakerin Seyed Alireza ValadabadiThis research in Qazvin with aim of assess to foliar application of Fe, Zn and Ca on lentil grain yield. This experiment was done as split plot as base of RCBD with 3 replications. Humidity conditions in 2 levels (I1: without irrigation (reinfed), I2: irrigation before MoreThis research in Qazvin with aim of assess to foliar application of Fe, Zn and Ca on lentil grain yield. This experiment was done as split plot as base of RCBD with 3 replications. Humidity conditions in 2 levels (I1: without irrigation (reinfed), I2: irrigation before flowering) as main plot and foliar application in 5 levels (M1: Ca, M2: Zn, M3: Fe, M4: Ca+Zn+Fe and M5: control) as sub plots were considered. Results showed that irrigation, foliar application and their interaction had significant effect on grain yield. Results showed that supplementary irrigation resulted to significant of grain yield (811.6 kg/ha). Results also indicated that foliar application of Ca+Zn+Fe that it was in a common statistically group with Zn foliar application. Ca foliar application had the lowest impact on increase of grain yield. Result showed that the most grain yield was observed in Ca+Zn+Fe foliar application and also Zn application alone under supplementary irrigation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Effect of Foliar Application of Agrotin Fertilizer on Some of Vegetative and Reproductive Traits of Rice Varieties in Khorram Abad
Bakhtiar Veyskarami Qodratolla ShaKaramiin order to evaluate the spraying of different concentrations of full agrotin fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative traits of rice cultivars, a split-split experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in Cham Divan, Visiban, Morein order to evaluate the spraying of different concentrations of full agrotin fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative traits of rice cultivars, a split-split experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications in Cham Divan, Visiban, 1995-2006. The tested agents consisted of different concentrations of Agrotinin fertilizer in four concentrations (control, 0.5, 1 and 1.5) and four rice cultivars (Fajr, country, Shirodi and local damsay). The results of the experiment showed that the highest plant height, number of tillers, and grain yield were recorded in local Demisahs cultivar and the highest 1000 seed weight in Shiroudi cultivar. The highest plant height, number of nodes, and grain yield were observed in agrotinin fertilizer application at a concentration of 1.5% and the highest 1000 seed weight in 1%. The highest biological yield were observed in the interaction of full agrotin fertilizer application at a concentration of 1.5 in local cultivar. In general, the results showed that the higher concentrations of agrotinane manure were effective in increasing the quantitative and qualitative yield of rice cultivars. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Yield and Yield Components Response of Sardari, Azad and Qaboos Wheat Cultivars to Foliar Application of Full Fertilizer in Khorram Abad Climate Conditions
Nasrin Shaban Vahid Mohammad Khani Amir Hossein PapaeiIn order to investigate the impacts of foliar application of full fertilizer in various stages of development, the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of wheat factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications, in the 2017-2018 MoreIn order to investigate the impacts of foliar application of full fertilizer in various stages of development, the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of wheat factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications, in the 2017-2018 season at research station, Khorramabad, was conducted. Operating tested cultivars (three levels Sardari, Azad, Qaboos) and foliar application of full fertilizer (four levels sprayed with water, sprayed at stem elongation stage, sprayed in the heading and sprayed in grain filling stage), respectively. Results showed that plant head length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike and grain yield in the Qaboos and the highest seed weight obtained in the Azad cultivar. foliar application of full fertilizer at stem elongation resulted to the highest awn length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike and grain yield foliar application of full fertilizer in the heading and the highest grain weight in the grain filling stage. Results showed that the cultivars Qaboos and foliar application of full fertilizer in the heading the biggest yield in wheat. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - Effect of foliar application of iron and zinc on quantitative and qualitative yield of two rapeseed cultivars
Ali Akbar Moradi Saeid Sayfzadeh Mohsen YousefiThis research was carried out in order to investigate the effect of iron and zinc soluble irrigation on quantitative and qualitative yield of two rapeseed varieties. The present study was carried out in a factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design w MoreThis research was carried out in order to investigate the effect of iron and zinc soluble irrigation on quantitative and qualitative yield of two rapeseed varieties. The present study was carried out in a factorial arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The investigated factors included micronutrient foliar application in 4 levels (M1: pure water (control), M2: iron sulfate, M3: Zinc sulfate, M4: iron + zinc sulfate), and rapeseed (V1: Okapi and V2: Nepton), which were factorial in experimental plots. The results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of cultivar and solubility at 1% level on grain yield was significant. The results of the comparison of mean of cultivar effect on grain yield showed that Neptune cultivar with a mean of 3441 kg. ha-1 had a significant superiority with the average of 3091 kg. ha-1 than the aphid cultivar. The results of the comparison of the average of the effect of solubility on grain yield showed that Zinc + Zinc solution had the highest seed yield with an average of 3526 kg. ha-1. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - Effect of foliar application of Fe and Zn on yield of rapeseed under different irrigation regimes in Boin-Zahra region
Roghayeh Mazarloo Seyed Alireza Valadabadi Hamidreza ZakerinThis research was done in order to study the effect of foliar application of Fe and Zn on qualitative and quantitative of rapeseed in Boin-Zahra. The experiment was conducted to split-plot as base of RCBD in 3 replications. Irrigation regime in 3 levels (I1: normal irri MoreThis research was done in order to study the effect of foliar application of Fe and Zn on qualitative and quantitative of rapeseed in Boin-Zahra. The experiment was conducted to split-plot as base of RCBD in 3 replications. Irrigation regime in 3 levels (I1: normal irrigation, I2: cut off irrigation at flowering stage and I3: cut off irrigation at podding stage) as main plot and foliar application in 4 levels (M1: control, M2: Fe, M3: Zn and M4: Fe +Zn) as sub plot were considered. Results showed that irrigation and foliar application as well as their interaction were significant on grain yield. Result indicated normal irrigation with mean of 3544 kg/ha had the highest grain yield. The least grain yield was observed in cut off irrigation as flowering. Foliar application of Fe + Zn resulted to increase grain yield. Results demonstrated that the most grain yield was observed in foliar application of Fe + Zn under normal irrigation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Effect of split, application method and rate of nitrogen fertilizer on yield and growth of Guilan local bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Peyman sharifi Zohreh Rad Mehran GholamiAn experiment was carried out to determine the effects of split nitrogen, application method and different nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and growth of Guilan local bean based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2014-2015 growing season at MoreAn experiment was carried out to determine the effects of split nitrogen, application method and different nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and growth of Guilan local bean based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2014-2015 growing season at Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and EducationCenter. The experimental treatments included 1 (control), 2 (two split applications applied at 45 kg ha-1), 3 (two split applications applied at 45 kg ha-1 + foliar 1% N at podding stage), 4 (three split applications applied at 45 kg ha-1 + foliar 1% N at podding stage), 5 (two split applications applied at 90 kg ha-1), 6 (two split applications applied at 90 kg ha-1 + foliar 1% N at podding stage) and 7 (three split applications applied at 45 kg ha-1 + foliar 1% N at podding stage). Analysis of variance indicated significant effect of fertilizer treatment on plant height, pod yield, dry seed yield, biological yield, harvest index and hundred seed weight. The highest values of plant height (30.83 cm), pod yield (10.10 cm), biological yield (1283.3 kg ha-2) and hundred seed weight (26.16 g) was obtained in the fifth treatment. The highest values of dry seed yield (506 kg ha-1), pod yield (2903.9 kg ha-1) and harvest index (40.33%) was observed in the fourth treatment. It can be concluded that three split applications applied at 45 kg ha-1 had the potential to increase the dry seed yield compared to the other treatments. Foliar N (with appropriate soil N management) may be a promising strategy for addressing dietary N deficiencies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Effect of Potassium Nano Chelate on Physiological and Yield Characteristics of Barley in Phenological Stages under Irrigation Cut-Off Conditions
mohammad sayahi مانی مجدم Alireza ShokuhfarIn order to effect of potassium nano chelate on physiological and yield characteristics of barley in irrigation cut-off conditions, this research was done as split plot in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Main treatment consisted: full irrigati MoreIn order to effect of potassium nano chelate on physiological and yield characteristics of barley in irrigation cut-off conditions, this research was done as split plot in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Main treatment consisted: full irrigation, no irrigation at the beginning of stem elongation, and no irrigation at the pollination stage and sub treatment consisted: no foliar application (control), 35 mg.L-1 and 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano chelate. results showed that the effect of deficit irrigation cut-off and potassium nano-chelate on number of spikes, number of seeds per spike, weight of 1000 seeds, grain yield, stomatal conductance, canopy temperature and relative water content leaf were statistically significant at 1% level of probability. Interaction irrigation cut-off and potassium nano-chelate number of spikes, weight of 1000 seeds, in canopy temperature and relative water content leaf were significant at 1% probability and stomatal conductance at 5% probability level. The highest grain yield was in full irrigation (control) (5308 kg.ha-1) and 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano-chelate (4854.9 kg.ha-1) and the lowest was in irrigation at anthesis (3169.4 kg.ha-1) and no foliar application (control) (3588 kg.ha-1). the maximum relative water content of leaf was in complete irrigation (control) and foliar application of 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano-fertilizer (73.13%) and the minimum was in non-irrigation at anthesis and non-foliar application of potassium nano-fertilizer (35.99%). maximum stomatal coductance was in complete irrigation (control) and foliar application of 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano-fertilizer (185.87 mlmol.m-2s-1) and the minimum was in non-irrigation at anthesis and non-foliar application of potassium nano-fertilizer (47.99 mlmol.m-2s-1). as a result, foliar application of 65 mg.L-1 potassium nano-fertilizer at different irrigation cut-off periods cause improves grain yield and leaf water in comparison to control (no foliar application) and is recommended. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - The effect of foliar application of vermicompost tea on morphological traits of Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.)
Hassan Nourafcan Zahra Mahmoudirad Mahtab PouyanfarBecause of the importance of medicinal plants cultivation with organic manner and the advantages of biological fertilizers, the experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design with three replications in pot condition using three times at 10 days interval MoreBecause of the importance of medicinal plants cultivation with organic manner and the advantages of biological fertilizers, the experiment was conducted based on completely randomized design with three replications in pot condition using three times at 10 days interval with foliar application of concentrations of 25, 50 and 100% vermicompost tea. Two weeks after the last spraying, canopy diameter, plant height, crown diameter, root length, node number, distance between the first node from the crown, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, leaf fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, plant fresh weight, leaf dry weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and plant dry weight were measured. The growth indices increased with increasing of concentration of vermicompost tea so that vermicompost tea 50% showed higher plant height, leaf number and plant dry weight. Vermicompost tea 100% treatment was the highest amount of root length, width and height of the leaf, stem fresh and dry weight, root fresh and dry weight. Vermicompost tea may have a positive effect on growth indices related to the ability of nitrogen uptake by plants or growth hormones effect of earthworms on vermicompost tea. Given the pace of the transfer of nutrients from the leaves to the different plant parts, spraying bio- fertilizers alone or in combination with chemical fertilizers can education in the cultivation of medicinal plants recommended less use of chemicals occurs, have a positive effect. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - The effect of chitosan and ascorbic acid foliar spraying on coneflower vegetative and reproductive indices
Fatemeh Babaei Aghjedarbandه Soleiman Jamshidi Hassan NourafcanFoliar spraying of medicinal plants is one of the main techniques to improve their vegetative and reproductive growth. To evaluate the effect of foliage spraying of coneflower using chitosan and ascorbic acid on vegetative and reproductive traits, an experiment was carr MoreFoliar spraying of medicinal plants is one of the main techniques to improve their vegetative and reproductive growth. To evaluate the effect of foliage spraying of coneflower using chitosan and ascorbic acid on vegetative and reproductive traits, an experiment was carried out based on complete block design in three replications in filed condition located at Khalil Abad village in Ardebil province. Experimental treatments were foliage spraying of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 g/L of chitosan and ascorbic acid. The first spraying was on 8 July 2018 and repeated twice in one week intervals. Plants were harvested a week after the last spraying and in full flowering stage. The vegetative and physiological traits such as plant height, the longest stem length, leaf, lateral branches and flower number, leaf length and width, stem and capitol diameter, leaf, stem, flower and whole plant dry and fresh weight, and chlorophylle content were measured. No negative effect has been observed resulted from foliar spraying by these natural products. Spraying by chitosan in low concentration improved coneflower morphological traits. Ascorbic acid was only effective on leaf fresh and dry weight and root dry weight. Therefore, spraying with 0.1 g/L of chitosan would be recommendable for coneflower growth improvement in filed conditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Study the effect of artificial salinity stress due to the application of seed priming with acetic acid and sodium hydroxide on growth indicators of cumin plant
Abbas Sheibanian Mitra ZabelizadehAbstract:In order to investigate the effect of salinity stress, seed priming and foliar spraying with acetic acid and sodium hydroxide on the agronomic characteristics of cumin, an experiment was carried out in the research farm of the Jihad Agricultural Management of D MoreAbstract:In order to investigate the effect of salinity stress, seed priming and foliar spraying with acetic acid and sodium hydroxide on the agronomic characteristics of cumin, an experiment was carried out in the research farm of the Jihad Agricultural Management of Dana town in the form of a split plot in the form of a randomized complete block design and in three replications. experimental treatments include irrigation at three levels (7 days, 10 days and 14 days) as the main factor and priming treatment at five levels (control, 0.5 mM acetic acid mal seed, foliar spraying of sodium hydroxide 2 per thousand, seeds of acetic acid + 0.5 mM acetic acid foliar spray) were as secondary factors. At the end of the growing season, the traits of total dry weight, number of seeds per pod, weight of 1000 seeds, biological yield, seed yield and harvest index were calculated. The results showed that salinity stress had a significant effect on all investigated traits. The highest average in the traits was obtained from the 7-day irrigation cycle. The effect of seed priming on all measured traits was significant. The highest average yield was obtained from the treatment of acetic acid + foliar application of acetic acid. Acetic acid was able to reduce the effect of salinity stress on plant growth under stress conditions.Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of salinity stress, seed priming and foliar spraying with acetic acid and sodium hydroxide on the agronomic characteristics of cumin, an experiment was carried out in the research farm of the Jihad Agricultural Management of Dana town in the form of a split plot in the form of a randomized complete block design and in three replications. experimental treatments include irrigation at three levels (7 days, 10 days and 14 days) as the main factor and priming treatment at five levels (control, 0.5 mM acetic acid mal seed, foliar spraying of sodium hydroxide 2 per thousand, seeds of acetic acid + 0.5 mM acetic acid foliar spray) were as secondary factors. At the end of the growing season, the traits of total dry weight, number of seeds per pod, weight of 1000 seeds, biological yield, seed yield and harvest index were calculated. The results showed that salinity stress had a significant effect on all investigated traits. The highest average in the traits was obtained from the 7-day irrigation cycle. The effect of seed priming on all measured traits was significant. The highest average yield was obtained from the treatment of acetic acid + foliar application of acetic acid. Acetic acid was able to reduce the effect of salinity stress on plant growth under stress conditions.Abstract:In order to investigate the effect of salinity stress, seed priming and foliar spraying with acetic acid and sodium hydroxide on the agronomic characteristics of cumin, an experiment was carried out in the research farm of the Jihad Agricultural Management of Dana town in the form of a split plot in the form of a randomized complete block design and in three replications. experimental treatments include irrigation at three levels (7 days, 10 days and 14 days) as the main factor and priming treatment at five levels (control, 0.5 mM acetic acid mal seed, foliar spraying of sodium hydroxide 2 per thousand, seeds of acetic acid + 0.5 mM acetic acid foliar spray) were as secondary factors. At the end of the growing season, the traits of total dry weight, number of seeds per pod, weight of 1000 seeds, biological yield, seed yield and harvest index were calculated. The results showed that salinity stress had a significant effect on all investigated traits. The highest average in the traits was obtained from the 7-day irrigation cycle. The effect of seed priming on all measured traits was significant. The highest average yield was obtained from the treatment of acetic acid + foliar application of acetic acid. Acetic acid was able to reduce the effect of salinity stress on plant growth under stress conditions. Manuscript profile
Sanad
Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications
Links
Related Centers
Technical Support
Official pages
The rights to this website are owned by the Raimag Press Management System.
Copyright © 2021-2024