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Open Access Article
1 - A method to improve the accuracy of diode in vivo dosimetry for external megavoltage photon beams filtered by wedges
Alireza Mohammadkarim Mahmoud Allahverdi Hasanali Nedaie Mahbod Esfehani Alireza Shirazi Ghazale Geraily -
Open Access Article
2 - Higher-curvature corrections to holographic mutual information
H. Bagheri M. Reza Tanhayi -
Open Access Article
3 - Evaluation of the Parameters Involved in the Iris Recognition System
Minakshi Boruah -
Open Access Article
4 - Investigation of relation between the currency rates of volatility on open position of Tejarat bank
H. EbrahimiThis research, Investigate the relation between the currency rates ofvolatility on open position Tejarat bank and its effects of the impulsesfrom the exchange rate volatility and other variables on open position. Inorder to do this , we have utilized open position items MoreThis research, Investigate the relation between the currency rates ofvolatility on open position Tejarat bank and its effects of the impulsesfrom the exchange rate volatility and other variables on open position. Inorder to do this , we have utilized open position items, reference rates ofCentral bank , Stock price index , Money supply and Balance ofcountry’s monthly payments over a six-year period from 1381 to1386.Foreign exchange position as it’s name signifies , shows the state ofbeing long or short in position. In other words, the differential of theassets and the liabilities of the bank in one foreign exchange is calledforeign exchange position.For this purpose, the new econometric procedures have been used.Vector Auto Regressive model has been used for variables which are inthe augmented level (Japan’s Yen and Swiss Frank) and Vector ErrorCorrection Model has been used for variables which became augmentedby a differential.(based on Dollar , Euro , Pound , and sum of foreigncurrencies).In the meantime , as per the standard pattern of SchwarzBayesian ,Akaike , and Hannan Quinn , Quantity 2 has been selected asthe optimum degree for VAR.Surveys in this research show that the reaction of open position offoreign currency against the impulse from the currency rate varianceinfluence the value of the foreign currency assets and the liabilities of thebank , and make the bank confront with the considerable risk in the valueof the foreign currency assets and liabilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The effect of underlying asset shocks on the Gold exchange traded funds’ pricing deviation
mahdi shaerattar Akbar Mirzapour babajanGold exchange traded fund is one of the new financial instrumentss that underlying asset is gold and traded in the capital markets. This article examines the pricing deviation of the four gold funds on the Iran Mercantile Exchange from their underlying asset index. The MoreGold exchange traded fund is one of the new financial instrumentss that underlying asset is gold and traded in the capital markets. This article examines the pricing deviation of the four gold funds on the Iran Mercantile Exchange from their underlying asset index. The main purpose of this study is investigate the effect of underlying asset shocks on the Gold exchange traded funds’ pricing deviation. In order to achieve this purpose, employed daily data of Emami Coin, Gold ETFs in Iran (Tala, Ayar, Zar, Gohar), Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and Impulse Response Function (IRF). Results: The results shown that pricing deviation is stationarity and predictable. Therefore can be considered an implicit transaction cost an Gold ETF. The reason for the predictability of the pricing deviation stems from its stationarity and the specific price discovery processes for this asset class. Utilization of Impulse Response Function shown that the shock effect of the underlying asset was the same and do not persist for more than six trading days, Which indicates the relative pricing efficiency of these funds Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - An Analysis of Consumption Behavior among Urban Households through Error Correction model Linear Approximate of Almost Ideal Demand System
A. Moradi F. MostashariThe present paper studies consumption pattern of the following selected items; housing, appliances & furniture, fuel and clothing, for urban households in Iran through Error Correction Model Linear Approximate of Almost Ideal Demand System (ECM-LA-AIDS) based on a c MoreThe present paper studies consumption pattern of the following selected items; housing, appliances & furniture, fuel and clothing, for urban households in Iran through Error Correction Model Linear Approximate of Almost Ideal Demand System (ECM-LA-AIDS) based on a co-integration approach from 1980 to 2010. The results indicate that while Iranian households suffer from money illusion, there is speedy adjustment toward long-run equilibrium in the first three markets. Comparing short-term price elasticities of demand with long-term Marshal/Hicks elasticities indicate that implementation of price control are more effective in short run. However, expenditure elasticities for all categories except clothing are higher in the long-run. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Long-run and Short-run Effects of Monetary and Exchange Rate Variables on Stock Prices in Iran
عباس علویراد حمید حقنویسThe movement in the stock price index is an important indicator in the economic system of a country. The purpose of this paper is to examine the long-run and short-run relations between Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) price index and monetary and exchange rate variables in MoreThe movement in the stock price index is an important indicator in the economic system of a country. The purpose of this paper is to examine the long-run and short-run relations between Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) price index and monetary and exchange rate variables in Iran. We have used Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) modeling approach and Error Correction Model (ECM) to determine the effects of monetary and exchange rate variables on TSE price index in the long-run and short-run. This procedure for small sample will be the most appropriate. Quantitative estimates based on the time series monthly data from 2004 to 2009, indicate that liquidity (M2) has a positive effect on TSE price index in the long-run. But, free market exchange rate (FER) and legal reserve (LR) have a negative effect on TSE price index in the long-run. On the other hand, monetary variables have a significant effect on TSE price index in the short-run. However, the coefficient of the Error Correction Term (ECT) shows that the speed of adjustment is slow and the ECM can only explain 69 per cent of the fluctuations of TSE price index. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Uncertainty in The exports of Non-Oil products and The Private Investment in Iran
لیلا احمدیThe purpose of this research is to study the impact of the level of Uncertainty in the exports of Non-Oil products on the investment of private sector in Iran during 1959-2007. To measure the degree of uncertainty in non-oil production, a Generalized Auto Regressive Co MoreThe purpose of this research is to study the impact of the level of Uncertainty in the exports of Non-Oil products on the investment of private sector in Iran during 1959-2007. To measure the degree of uncertainty in non-oil production, a Generalized Auto Regressive Conditional Heteroscedaticity Model (GARCH (1, 2)) is used. The explanatory variables of this model are: the rate of inflation, Gross domestic product and imports. In this model, optimal lag and long-term relations are identified and the vector error correction model (VECM) is estimated. The results of our study indicate that both the uncertainty in the non-oil exports and the rate of inflation have a negative effects on the private domestic investment in long run, while GDP and imports are positively related to investment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - The Effect of Exchange Rate on the Iran’s Pharmaceutical Industry Balance: Vector error Correction Approach
sara Masoomzadeh mehdi ShirafkanIntroduction: The effect of exchange rate fluctuations on the balance of payments is very important in economic literature. Pharmaceutical is one of the sub-sections of the balance of payments. Methods: By using vector error correction model, this paper seeks to identif MoreIntroduction: The effect of exchange rate fluctuations on the balance of payments is very important in economic literature. Pharmaceutical is one of the sub-sections of the balance of payments. Methods: By using vector error correction model, this paper seeks to identify the effect of exchange rate changes on the balance of payments by evaluation the existence of J-Curve in Pharmaceutical industry over the period of 1991 to 2012. Results:The results show the existence of J curve in Iran'sPharmaceutical industrybalance of payments. It means that exchange rate appreciation has reduced Pharmaceutical industrybalance of payments in the first period but after a period it has increased Pharmaceutical industry revenues and improved its balance of payments. According to the analysis of variances of export and import functions the pharmaceuticalindustryhas highly been affected bychanges in exchange rate. 0.19 And 0.016 Changes in these functions have been caused by exchange rate changesand the balance of payments is more sensitive to changes inforeign income.The rate of effectiveness of the income variation is 0.25. Conclusion:The increase in the exchange rate has improved the pharmaceutical industry trade balance of the country in the last periods of shocks. Also, changes in gross domestic product have had the greatest impact on the fluctuation of Iran's pharmaceutical trade balance. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - The Effects of Types of Health Services on the Economic Growth of Iran Using the Johansson - Juselius Convergence Method
Ebrahim ghaed Mohammadtaher Ahmadi Shadmehri mozhgan moradi Mohammad Sadeq mohammadiIntroduction: One of the most important parameters for improving the level of GDP and economic growth in Iran is the role of the health services sector and its related indicators. In this regard, many studies have been conducted, but the effect of simultaneous separatio MoreIntroduction: One of the most important parameters for improving the level of GDP and economic growth in Iran is the role of the health services sector and its related indicators. In this regard, many studies have been conducted, but the effect of simultaneous separation types of health services on the economic growth of Iran has not been studied. It would be helpful for policymakers to study the health indices in order to recognize the health-care index that has the greatest impact on growth and prioritize it for investment. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Types of health services on the economic growth of Iran. Methods: This study is causal analytical in terms of the method and it is also the applied research in terms of purpose. The method of data collection is documenting – library. For this analysis, Vector Autoregressive Model, Johansson - Juselius Method and Vector Error Correction Model are used. Data collected for the period of 1981 - 2017 Were estimated by Eviews software. Results: Based on the coefficient of the error correction method indicates that about 0.86 of the short-term imbalance is adjusted in each period to achieve the long-term equilibrium. Further, in the long run, a one percentage increase in the Labor force, labor productivity, population growth rate, ratio of investment to GDP and the of types health care services ( health costs, cost of treatment, cost of education and insurance ratio), leads to 0.67, 1.77, 0.88, 1.12, 5.43, 3.02, 4.85 and 2.09 percentage increase in the GDP, respectively. Conclusion: Health cost has the most effects on economic growth in comparison with other health care services. This result could help policymakers to modify their policies in allocation of expenditures in different sectors of health services and to highlight the investment in this field in order to achieve economic growth and development in the future. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Presenting a pattern of money laundering control in the banking system of the Government of Iran with emphasis on the factor of public culture
abdolmahdi torabiyan masoud pourkiani saeid sayadiIntroduction and purpose of the research: The purpose of this study is to present a pattern of money laundering control in the banking system of the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran with emphasis on the factor of public culture. Research Method: In this study, MoreIntroduction and purpose of the research: The purpose of this study is to present a pattern of money laundering control in the banking system of the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran with emphasis on the factor of public culture. Research Method: In this study, first the factors affecting money laundering control for public culture were identified through a survey of experts using Delphi technique, and then these factors were tested in the form of a model designed in the statistical community. The statistical population of the study was 321 people, all senior managers of Kerman National Bank branches, and 200 people were selected as the sample. Data collection tools were interviews and questionnaires (2 questionnaires). The data were analyzed in SPSS and AMOS22 software. Findings: Factor analysis results show that the components of "moving away from the state economy" and "e-banking" were the most important in explaining the money laundering variable, so that the component of moving away from the state economy 90% and the component of e-banking 86%. Conclusion: Money laundering has become one of the most important issues in many countries and can have far-reaching consequences for the economy of any country, and the relevant institutions must pay special attention to take action to combat this issue. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Investigating the relationship between the educational styles of teenagers and delinquent youths in preventing the occurrence and repetition of crimes in the correctional center
mohammad diba sanaz baradariThe aim of the current research is to investigate the relationship between the educational styles of teenagers and delinquent youths in preventing the occurrence and repetition of crimes in the correctional center (case study of Yasouj city). This research was carried o MoreThe aim of the current research is to investigate the relationship between the educational styles of teenagers and delinquent youths in preventing the occurrence and repetition of crimes in the correctional center (case study of Yasouj city). This research was carried out by a survey method. The statistical sample of this research is 120 teenagers in the correctional center of Yasouj city. The researcher-made questionnaire for preventing the occurrence and repetition of crime and the parenting styles questionnaire of Bamrind (1991) were used.Data analysis was done using SPSS 25 and SmartPLS 3 statistical software.In the present study, Cronbach's alpha coefficient and composite reliability were used to measure the reliability of the questionnaires, and average variance index was used to measure the validity of the questionnaires, and Vagar'sFornell and Larcker's validity were used. The research findings indicate that the relationship between permissive and authoritarian parenting styles has a positive and direct relationship with crime prevention and recidivism, while the relationship between assertive parenting style and crime prevention and recidivism is negative and indirect.The results obtained from the coefficient of significance indicate the significant effect of permissive, authoritarian and decisive educational styles with the prevention and repetition of crime. Considering that there is an indirect relationship between the prevention of crime and the commission of a crime, therefore, the correctional center in Yasouj city should focus on the mental development of teenagers and realistically explain the results of committing a crime to teenagers and its impact on the life of a teenager. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - The effect of trade liberalization on economic growth in Iran
AhmadAli AsadpourBesides trade Globalization with the countries joining the global economy over time Issue is that different countries are considered by economists. Therefore, this study examines the factors affecting economic growth, including trade Globalization can be addressed. For MoreBesides trade Globalization with the countries joining the global economy over time Issue is that different countries are considered by economists. Therefore, this study examines the factors affecting economic growth, including trade Globalization can be addressed. For the purpose of statistical time series and by the year 1360 to 1393 and using Auto Regressive Distributed Lag Method (ARDL) was used. Also check the causality relationship between trade Globalization and economic growth in the long term and short term error correction model was used to test causality.Results from this study showed positive and significant impact variables, the natural logarithm of total investment, Natural logarithm of the total number of labor and trade Globalization on growth rate economy in the short term and long term. The Wald test on coefficients using error correction model, this result was achieved always in the short term and long-term causality of trade Globalization to economic growth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - investigation of land cover changes using remote sensing technique (Case study: Katalan unit)
Maryam Nazemi jalal Marzieh Alikhah-Asl Elham ForootanBackground and Objective: Updated and correct information is necessary for using and optimized managing of a land. Land cover map is one of the most important information resources in natural resource management. The goal of this research is to provide Katalan land cove MoreBackground and Objective: Updated and correct information is necessary for using and optimized managing of a land. Land cover map is one of the most important information resources in natural resource management. The goal of this research is to provide Katalan land cover map for investigating land use changes during 12 years in this area. Material and Methodology: For this purpose, satellite images such as Landsat ETM 2001 and OLI 2013 were used after performing necessary corrections whereas; GPS and topographic maps were implemented for surveying fields and gathering trained samples. Land cover maps were provided using supervised classification method with maximum likelihood algorithm. Findings: The results of this study revealed that the study area comprises six classes viz. irrigated farm land, rainfed farm land, bare land, rock stone, range land and mine class. The overall accuracy and kappa coefficient for 2013 map were estimated 86.11% and 0.82, respectively and theses values for 2001 land use map were 78.26%, and 0.71, respectively. Discussion and Conclusions: The results of this research revealed that the class of farm land, bare land and range land were increased 1.84%, 1.29%, and 1.21%from 2001 to 2013, and the class of rock stone and rainfed farmland were decreased 5.09%, and 0 .62%, respectively. Also, there was not mine class in 2001 but this class was 1.36% equivalent to 49.3939 hectare of the whole area in 2013. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The Effect of Information and Communication Technology and Foreign Direct Investment on Green Productivity in Iran
Behnaz Mashayekhi Kambiz Hojhabr kiani Farzaneh Khalili Farid AsgariBackground and Purpose: Effective protection of the environment and optimal use of natural resources is one of the most important pillars of sustainable development. Green productivity is a strategy to increase environmental productivity and performance in order to soci MoreBackground and Purpose: Effective protection of the environment and optimal use of natural resources is one of the most important pillars of sustainable development. Green productivity is a strategy to increase environmental productivity and performance in order to social and economic development. The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) revolution has severely affected all countries in terms of economic, social, political, cultural aspects as well as security, employment, health, the environment, and many other macro variables; so that, the technology has become the main driving force of the world's economy and sustainable development in today's world. According to the importance and the impact of Foreign Direct Investment and Information and Communication Technology on green productivity, this paper uses the Johansen-Joselius coherent test of the relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Information and Communication Technology and the Green Productivity Index in Iran. Materials and Methods: The effect of Information and Communication Technology and Foreign Direct Investment on green productivity has been investigated in Iran using the Johansen-Joselius coherent test during the period of 1980-2013. Findings: According to the research findings, the Information and Communication Technology and Foreign Direct Investment have a positive and significant and a negative and significant effect of on the Green Productivity Index in Iran, respectively. Also, the vector error correction model shows that the adjustment process is slowing towards the equilibrium. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the obtained results, and considering the negative and significant effect of Foreign Direct Investment on green productivity, which could be as a result of increased pollution, it is suggested that is possible to provide a ground to improve green productivity by adopting policies to reduce the destructive effects of Foreign Direct Investment, including the replacement of green energy. It is also recommended that environmental regulations and standards be imposed upon the entry of Foreign Direct Investment which could be done with less environmental pollution. The effect of Information and Communication Technology index on Green Productivity Index is positive and significant in Iran. Therefore, it can be surely said that the use of Information and Communication Technology, as a solution for green productivity institutionalization is essential for implementing the continuous and effective process of green productivity improvement. It is also suggested to determine criteria, for the development and implementation of the green productivity concept, that fully cover the qualitative patterns of economic growth and development. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - Investing in the oil and gas industry using estimates of crude oil and natural gas consumption in Iran by VECM model
vahid rajabian reza taleblo hamidreza arbabAbstractThe main objective of this research is to estimate the demand model for crude oil and natural gas in the country during the period from 1988 to 2015 and also to predict crude oil and natural gas demand functions in Iran during the sixth development plan with the MoreAbstractThe main objective of this research is to estimate the demand model for crude oil and natural gas in the country during the period from 1988 to 2015 and also to predict crude oil and natural gas demand functions in Iran during the sixth development plan with the aim of studying the effect of important variables affecting their consumption in the country. VAR - VECM model is used to investigate the relationship and the effects of variables and the short-run and long-run relationship between variables, and finally, extracted model has been used to predict crude oil and natural gas demand in the country at 1400 horizon. The results indicate that: (1) income elasticity is low and the sensitivity of oil consumption to changes in income (here, per capita income) is small. (2) There are no long-term causal relationship between intrinsic independent variables and exogenous independent variables, such as oil price and natural gas prices, towards natural gas consumption and per capita income. (3) In the short term, there is no causal relationship from natural gas consumption, natural gas prices, oil prices, and per capita income towards crude oil consumption. (4) Variance decomposition for oil consumption variable indicates that in the long run, natural gas consumption has a significant contribution to explaining changes in crude oil consumption. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - An approach to fault detection and correction in design of systems using of Turbo codes
H. Hamidi -
Open Access Article
18 - Components of Crime Response in Islamic Law Based on Quranic Teachings
Mohammad Salari Mahmoud Rouholamini Bagher Shamloo Seyyed Mehdi Ahmadi MousaviIslamic law has moved towards combating the phenomenon of crime and preventing the occurrence of crime by using the two components of punishment and correction, treatment and rehabilitation and combining these two components with each other. In Islamic law, inspired by MoreIslamic law has moved towards combating the phenomenon of crime and preventing the occurrence of crime by using the two components of punishment and correction, treatment and rehabilitation and combining these two components with each other. In Islamic law, inspired by the Qur'anic teachings and based on the inspiring teachings of this holy book, it seems that the component of correction, treatment and rehabilitation is preferred to the component of punishment, and Islamic law, as the creator of many new criminal and criminological policies, The title of the last way to fight crime (if the offender is not corrected) has been used and it can be said that Islamic teachings are in accordance with scientific standards due to their firmness on pure human nature. In addition, Islamic law based on Quranic teachings is the first law that pays attention to the personality of the accused and in fact the creator of Islamic law and the founder of criminology, ie the science of attention to the personality of the convict and long before the emergence of the school of research. Therefore, the first sparks of attention to the personality of the accused can be seen in Islamic law. For this reason, Islamic law is the creator of the school of criminology. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - Examine the code used in the RAID structure and improve these codes by their organized structure by Heming code
Hasan Ghasemi Ali ZaghianArray codes are error-correcting codes of very low complexity, originally used for hacking and decryption in RAID and other storage applications. The structure of these codes is very simple and the implementation of coding and decoding algorithms for them is easy. Altho MoreArray codes are error-correcting codes of very low complexity, originally used for hacking and decryption in RAID and other storage applications. The structure of these codes is very simple and the implementation of coding and decoding algorithms for them is easy. Although these codes have a high rate, due to their design limitations, they do not get the highest possible rate. In fact, Hamming codes get the highest possible rates for their design structure. In this paper, we compare the rate and complexity of array codes when compared to Hemingway codes and provide a more efficient rate for these codes by using the structure of Heming code in array codes. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
20 - Apply a correction plan to the domain pond to increase the speed and improve the fractal compression quality of the image
Jaleh Molaei Zahedi Hamid Dehghani Alireza MalahzadehHere we present a correction domain pond design for fractal image compression. The plan modifies the domain pool for each block of the board, based on the position of that board. So a more efficient and smaller domain library is created for each page. This method reduce MoreHere we present a correction domain pond design for fractal image compression. The plan modifies the domain pool for each block of the board, based on the position of that board. So a more efficient and smaller domain library is created for each page. This method reduces the computational load and reduces the bits required to store the domain position. The results of various experiments on standard images show that this method has a much lower degree of distortion and a much lower computational load. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
21 - Design and simulation of an analog to digital silk current converter with ERROR CORRECTION
Asghar Ebrahimi Mina ShiraliA new silicon ADC with digital error correction is introduced to reduce the linear error caused by inaccurate comparators and S / H offset. The operation of the new low voltage balanced current mode circuit in sampling and maintenance, signal amplification and current c MoreA new silicon ADC with digital error correction is introduced to reduce the linear error caused by inaccurate comparators and S / H offset. The operation of the new low voltage balanced current mode circuit in sampling and maintenance, signal amplification and current comparison function has been developed to detect how a silicon ADC silicon current mode with 1.5 V power supply works. Results are shown with Hspice to bring ADC at conversion rates of 10n / s and power losses of less than 2mW. In this simulation, SFDR is equal to 60 dB and ENOB is equal to 8, which are almost acceptable values. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Providing a Dual-Input Soft-Switching Boost Converter with Power Factor Correction Capability
Mohammad Reza Amini Mohammad Foroughi Ehsan Adib Mohammad Rouhollah YazdaniMulti-input converters have different structures. These converters can be used in applications of power systems based on wind, photovoltaic, hybrid vehicles, etc. In a multi-input system, usually one of the inputs is connected to an AC source. Also, these converters use MoreMulti-input converters have different structures. These converters can be used in applications of power systems based on wind, photovoltaic, hybrid vehicles, etc. In a multi-input system, usually one of the inputs is connected to an AC source. Also, these converters use soft switching techniques to increase efficiency. In this paper, a non-insulated dual input soft-switching boost converter with power factor correction capability is proposed. This converter uses only an auxiliary circuit with simple operation. The operation modes of the proposed converter are described. All of the semiconductor elements in this converter turn on and off in soft switching conditions. The proposed controller circuit is presented with power factor correction capability. The converter is simulated with PSIM and THD and PF shows that the power factor correction in AC input is occurred correctly. The efficiency of the proposed converter is increased in comparison with the multi-input hard switching converter under the same conditions. The simulation results with PSpice for a 200-watt prototype converter confirm the theoretical analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - A Glimpse at the Philosophy of Satire and its use in Mysticism
Abbas Ali Vafaie Sepideh MousaviOne of the areas of humor application is in Farsi literature and theosophical works. Common points between theosophy and humor have caused them to be conjoined in theosophical poetry and to be used with the background of theosophical humor in mystic works. Hence, theoso MoreOne of the areas of humor application is in Farsi literature and theosophical works. Common points between theosophy and humor have caused them to be conjoined in theosophical poetry and to be used with the background of theosophical humor in mystic works. Hence, theosophical language structure and also humor structure which rely on some aspect of non-contradiction principle; creates the logical and structural basis for usage of humor. Moreover, both theosophy and humor are based on spirit elation and training as well. Therefore, theosophy and humor have a deep bond together and overlap on another in terms of structure and concept. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
24 - Introducing and Reviewing Asās al-Marefat of Kamāl al-Din Siddighi
Mehran Mohebbi Maryam Mahmudi Parisa Davari Hossein AghahosiniThe remaining manuscripts of the ancestors are an important part of culture and civilization, and considering it as one of the treasures of cultural heritage is very important. The treatise of Asas al-Ma'rafat is an exquisite work of the tenth century, which has not yet MoreThe remaining manuscripts of the ancestors are an important part of culture and civilization, and considering it as one of the treasures of cultural heritage is very important. The treatise of Asas al-Ma'rafat is an exquisite work of the tenth century, which has not yet been corrected and published. The work remains only one handwritten note held in the library of Ayatullah Golpayegani from 11.01.2001, and is the basis of this research. Unfortunately, this treatise has not yet been made known. So, due to the importance of this treatise and considering this fact that it has not been known so far, the authors in this research are trying to introduce this work of Kamāl al-Din Siddighi, and to study its content, elements, components, and style. The study of this work shows that Kamāl al-Din Siddighi is a distinguished mystic, spiritual disciple of Jami and a follower of Mahdi al-Din ibn Arabi, and the trace of Ibn Arabi's mysticism is clearly evident in this treatise. Kamāl al-Din Sedighi as a writer is capable of constructing and texturing words greatly. Figurative language, Arabic words and contents, allusions, metaphors, synonyms, complexity of language and literary language that are seen in the other works and texts of this period are clearly evident in this work. This treatise has great importance in the field of cultural study as it contains mystical and philosophical thoughts, terminology, historical information, and so on. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
25 - تفکرات و ترجیحات زبان آموزان ایرانی در زمینه تصحیح خطاهای گفتاری
Kamran Rabani EbrahimiPourبررسی و مشخص سازی نگرش و ترجیحات زبانآموزان در زمینه تصحیح خطاهای شفاهی آنها که بخشی جداییناپذیر از آموزش زبان است نقش به سزایی در کاهش فاصله بین تفکرات و عملکرد زبان آموزان و مدرسین دارد. اگرچه نگرش و ترجیحات زبان آموزان ایرانی در جنبه های مختلف تصحیح خطاهای شفاهی به Moreبررسی و مشخص سازی نگرش و ترجیحات زبانآموزان در زمینه تصحیح خطاهای شفاهی آنها که بخشی جداییناپذیر از آموزش زبان است نقش به سزایی در کاهش فاصله بین تفکرات و عملکرد زبان آموزان و مدرسین دارد. اگرچه نگرش و ترجیحات زبان آموزان ایرانی در جنبه های مختلف تصحیح خطاهای شفاهی به طور نسبی مورد توجه قرار گرفته است، مطالعات مختلف نتایج متفاوتی نشان می دهند. پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از یک طرح توصیفی کمی، متمرکز بر بررسی نگرشها و ترجیحات 756 زبانآموز ایرانی در زمینه وجود خطاهای شفاهی، زمانبندی تصحیح خطای شفاهی، فرد تصحیح کننده و تکنیکها تحصیح خطا است. یافته های این مطالعه نشان داد که زبان آموزان نگرش مثبتی نسبت به تصحیح خطاهای شفاهی و تصحیح اکثر خطاهای خود داشتند. علاوه بر این، تصحیح فوری خطا توسط مدرس مورد علاقه اکثر آزمودنی ها بود. تقریباً نیمی از شرکتکنندگان به تصحیح خطا توسط خود علاقه داشتند در حالی که اکثر زبان آموزان رقبتی نسبت به تصحیح خطا توسط همکلاسی ها نشان ندادند. یافتههای مربوط به انواع و تکنیکهای تصحیح خطا، علاقه زبان آموزان به نوع تصحیح خطا "سرنخ های فرازبانی" که مدرس با استفاده از سرنخ ها باعث تشویق زبان آموز به تصحیح می شود بیشترین طرفدار و نوع "درخواست توضیح" که در آن مدرس دلیل و چرایی تولید خطا را می پرسد کمترین تعداد علاقه مند را به خود اختصاص دادند. یافته های این مطالعه باعث افزایش آگاهی ذینفعان آموزش زبان انگلیسی در زمینه نگرش و ترجیهات زبان آموزان ایرانی در خصوص تصحیح خطاهای شفایی خواهد شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Free Vibration of Thick Isotropic Plates Using Trigonometric Shear Deformation Theory
Y.M Ghugal A.S Sayyad -
Open Access Article
27 - Introducing the Manuscript transcription of Dorrolnnasir valnasihatol tahzir translation
fatemeh hajighasemloo ayat shokati mojtaba safaralizadehManuscripts is one of the most important cultural elements of human being and represents a country`s history and civilization and it is a means of reflection into the national identity card of Iran which causes prosperity of scientific, literary and historical backgroun MoreManuscripts is one of the most important cultural elements of human being and represents a country`s history and civilization and it is a means of reflection into the national identity card of Iran which causes prosperity of scientific, literary and historical background and etc. Dabira-e-Alam, son of president Mohammad Munshi is one the speakers of eleventh century and a calligrapher, poet and writer of Qajar era. Transcription of Dorrolnnasir translation Is one of several of his literary works. This work includes 16 anecdotes in educational literature in the animal languages. Each contains one or more moral principles that Dabira-e-Alam deals with them during or at the end of the anecdotes. Work method in this research is based on library, descriptive and analytical and documentary study. The study of the purports in this work shows that he has contemplated on works like Kelileh and Demneh, Golestan, Masnavi and etc. In the aforesaid work each anecdote has been stipulated first in Arabic and then to Persian. Examining the Arabic and Persian parts of the anecdote, it appears that the volume of anecdotes in the Persian part is longer; Dabira-e-Alam has developed the story with his mastery of literary and incorporeal topics Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
28 - Correction and processing of earthquake accelerograms
حجت اله TorkianAcceleration of ground motion in earthquake is recorded by accelerographs. For analogueaccelerographs (SMA-1), human and instrumental errors and in the case of digital ones (SSA-2), lowand high frequency noises would be included in accelerograms. In order to use the acc MoreAcceleration of ground motion in earthquake is recorded by accelerographs. For analogueaccelerographs (SMA-1), human and instrumental errors and in the case of digital ones (SSA-2), lowand high frequency noises would be included in accelerograms. In order to use the accelerographrecorded data in practical applications both, errors and noises, should be omitted. The main purpose ofthis paper is to find different types of errors and noises which appear in the accelerograms and then tointroduce appropriate methods to remove them as to maintain characteristics of the recordedearthquake. Correction methods are based on mean removal, base line correction, and high and lowfrequency removal by the use of low-pass and high-pass filters. Acceleration, velocity anddisplacement time history were used in processing earthquake signals in the time domain andfrequency content of earthquake was shown using frequency spectrum in frequency domain. All of theabove-mentioned corrections and processings were also applied to a raw accelerogram. The studyindicates that correction of accelerograms before application is inevitable. Besides, selection of cut-offfrequencies in order not to lose earthquake frequency content is not the same for various records andthe filtration process would be better done using the frequency amplitude spectrum related to theparticular accelerogram. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
29 - The effect of modifying saline and sodic soils on their properties
Peyman AziziOne of the problems in the soils of arid and semi-arid regions is the accumulation and presence of soluble salts and exchangeable sodium in the soil. In order to use and exploit these soils, it is necessary to modify them. In this study, an intermittent washing method w MoreOne of the problems in the soils of arid and semi-arid regions is the accumulation and presence of soluble salts and exchangeable sodium in the soil. In order to use and exploit these soils, it is necessary to modify them. In this study, an intermittent washing method was used to improve saline and sodium soils, and the water used for washing has an inappropriate quality (class C3-S1). As a result of soil modification and leaching, soil electrical conductivity (ECe) and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) significantly and significantly decrease, but the pH shows a slight increase. Also, in this study, the Gapon coefficient was calculated before and after washing, and its value decreased after washing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
30 - Evaluation of high resolution satellite images in preparing agricultural cadastral maps for land integration (Case study: Iconus image of Urmia)
Ahmad Rajabi saeed sadeghian mohamad khaliliToday, the integration of agricultural lands is one of the most basic measures in the development and progress of the agricultural industry. In order to integrate agricultural lands, we need to implement the agricultural property cadastre plan. The cadastre includes a m MoreToday, the integration of agricultural lands is one of the most basic measures in the development and progress of the agricultural industry. In order to integrate agricultural lands, we need to implement the agricultural property cadastre plan. The cadastre includes a map and descriptive information of each property. Cadastral maps are maps that we must prepare or have a database to prepare and update. Databases on the one hand contain descriptive and spatial information of the reference land and on the other hand include techniques of collecting, updating, processing and distributing data. To manage databases, you must use a variety of spatial information systems. The cadastre provides a single and correct identity for each piece. Theoretical and practical advances in various technologies such as remote sensing satellite imagery and GIS in data collection management can improve quality, cost, efficiency and effectiveness. An appropriate technology should be selected for mapping and maintaining geometric cadastral information along with strategic goals. Advantages of using satellite images, time consuming and high workload of using aerial images in the production and updating of topographic maps, as well as issues related to flying over the border areas of the country, the need to study and study more on satellite images more than It enlightens us. In this research, first, a regular review of IKONOS satellite image potential measurement was performed in order to extract the information layers of cadastral maps (large-scale) and ground information systems. That is, to what extent does a satellite image have the capacity to extract information layers in terms of geometric and content accuracy? After that, we entered the extraction of agricultural boundaries from the satellite image, which is the most important complication in the agricultural real estate cadastre. Extraction of agricultural border is based on image edge extraction operations, visual identification and image classification. In evaluating the geometric accuracy of IKONOS image in theory, the result was that the geometric accuracy of this image is optimal for 1: 5000 maps. The evaluation of the geometric accuracy of the IKONOS image using Grade 3 two-dimensional polynomial equations is related to the selection of 95 control points and 5 check points with the desired value of RMSE = 0.56M for 1: 2000 maps and the best combination using rational equations with 95 Control point and 5 checkpoints in the use of 13 sentences with RMSE accuracy = 0.4M optimal 1: 1000 maps and the best combination using SPLine equations with 80 control points and 20 checkpoints RMSE accuracy = 2.6M optimal 1 maps : 5000. In terms of content, IKONOS image is suitable for viewing, recognizing and extracting the information layer of the border of agricultural properties in different areas of the image for preparing large-scale maps or agricultural real estate cadastre. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Designing and development of a solar radiation system for atmospheric correction of satellite images
حسن حسنی مقدم Omid Coupanian Abbas Bashri Hamid Reza KhodadadiApplying atmospheric corrections in order to reduce the attenuation effects of the atmosphere on the quality and accuracy of the recorded data, requires a comprehensive knowledge of the conditions, characteristics, and behavior of the atmosphere as the sensor passes thr MoreApplying atmospheric corrections in order to reduce the attenuation effects of the atmosphere on the quality and accuracy of the recorded data, requires a comprehensive knowledge of the conditions, characteristics, and behavior of the atmosphere as the sensor passes through the target coordinates. Nowadays, many equipment's, models and algorithms are used to study the components of the atmosphere. For this reason, in this research, a native solar radiation system was designed and built to calculate the optical depth of air aerosol. In order to simulate and investigate the effects of changes in each atmospheric component, the MODTRAN model was used in PCModWin environment. In this electro-optical system, at two wavelengths of 450 and 550 nm, due to the absorption range of the air aerosol, in two different days in terms of the amount of pollutants in the atmosphere, intense data were recorded. In order to ensure the uniformity and linearity of the response of the designed electro-optical system to measure changes in the intensity of sunlight, radiometric calibration of this system was performed. Using atmospheric models, from the recorded intensity data, the optical depth of the weather and the horizontal atmospheric metrics were calculated. In order to verify and evaluate the performance of the designed system, optical depth data obtained from MODIS (Aqua) sensor and horizontal exponential data of Mehrabad Airport meteorological station were used. The results of the accuracy evaluation showed that the calculation of the optical depth by the system designed and the MODIS sensor (Aqua) both shows a number of 0.5 in the passing hour of the satellite. The results also show a good correlation between the horizontal visibility calculated in this study and the data obtained from the reference meteorological station. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Two New Methods of Boundary Correction for Classifying Textural Images
Amin Akbari Hassan Rashidi -
Open Access Article
33 - تأثیر بازخورد اصلاح و صریح اصلاح شده بر اضطراب آزمون دهندگان ایرانی در صحبت کردن در سطح مهارت
ثمین سیدابراهیمی فریبا رحیمی مهرداد سپهریمطالعه حاضر تلاشی برای بررسی تأثیر بازخورد اصلاحی و صریح اصلاح شده بر میزان اضطراب آزمون دهندگان ایرانی آیلتس در مهارت صحبت کردن در سطوح مختلف است. برای این منظور ، 90 نفر از خانمها و آقایان یادگیرنده EFL ایرانی 21 تا 45 ساله که خود را برای شرکت در آزمون آیلتس ماک آماده Moreمطالعه حاضر تلاشی برای بررسی تأثیر بازخورد اصلاحی و صریح اصلاح شده بر میزان اضطراب آزمون دهندگان ایرانی آیلتس در مهارت صحبت کردن در سطوح مختلف است. برای این منظور ، 90 نفر از خانمها و آقایان یادگیرنده EFL ایرانی 21 تا 45 ساله که خود را برای شرکت در آزمون آیلتس ماک آماده می کردند ، به دو سطح مهارت (سطح فوق متوسط و پیشرفته) تقسیم شدند. افراد در هر سطح مهارت به طور تصادفی انتخاب شدند و به گروههای کنترل و آزمایش (گروههای اصلاح صحیح و صریح) اختصاص داده شده است. 10 جلسه آموزشی برای گروه های اصلاح مجدد و صریح وجود داشت. در گروه اصلاحی ، محققان با استفاده از فرمول بندی مجدد ، اشتباهات دانشجویان را اصلاح کرد. در گروه تصحیح صریح ، اشتباهات تحمل نمی شد و در همانجا اصلاح می شدند. به منظور سنجش میزان اضطراب در عملکرد گفتاری ، پرسشنامه (Chowdhury, 2014) به شرکت کنندگان داده شد تا پر شود: یک بار به عنوان پیش آموزش و یک بار به عنوان پس از آموزش. سپس ، نمره هر زبان آموز برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها محاسبه و ثبت شد. نتایج نشان داد که از نظر آماری تفاوت معناداری بین گروه های کنترل و صحیح اصلاح کننده و همچنین گروه های کنترل و اصلاح مجدد در سطح فوق متوسط وجود ندارد. با این حال ، از نظر آماری تفاوت معناداری بین گروه های کنترل و اصلاح مجدد و همچنین گروه های کنترل و صریح در سطوح پیشرفته وجود داشت. یافته های این مطالعه می تواند برای معلمان EFL و متقاضیان آیلتس مفید باشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
34 - تاثیر فرمول cfg برآزمونهای لغت چهارگزینه ای و بله / خیر
عبدالله برادران سعیده آهنگری شکوه رشوند در این تحقیق تاثیر فرمول استانداردcfg بر آزمونهای چهارگزینه ای و بله/خیر زبان آموزان خانم سطح متوسط در یک موسسه زبان انگلیسی بررسی گردیده است. روش تصحیح اوراق استفاده از یک فرمول بارم بندی است که بارم پاسخ های درست – پاسخ های نادرست و سئوالات بی جواب را بگو More در این تحقیق تاثیر فرمول استانداردcfg بر آزمونهای چهارگزینه ای و بله/خیر زبان آموزان خانم سطح متوسط در یک موسسه زبان انگلیسی بررسی گردیده است. روش تصحیح اوراق استفاده از یک فرمول بارم بندی است که بارم پاسخ های درست – پاسخ های نادرست و سئوالات بی جواب را بگونه ای در نظر گرفته که افزایش نمرات از روی حدس/گمان تقریبا" به صفر رسیده است. نمرات زبان آموزان یکبار با استفاده از فرمول cfg و یکبار بدون استفاده از فرمول فوق در دو شکل چهارگزینه ای و بله/خیر مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. انتخاب آزمونهای چهارگزینه ای و بله/خیر انتخاب جواب از روی حدس/گمان را مرتفع یا حداقل بطرز قابل ملاحظه ای کاهش می دهد.چرا که احتمال افزایش نمره با در نظر گرفتن فاکتور حدس همواره در این دو نوع آزمون مشهود بوده است. محقق روش تصحیح با در نظر گرفتن فاکتور حدس = عدم دانش کافی= در آزمونهای لغت چهارگزینه ای و بله/خیر را یکبار با استفاده و یکبار بدون استفاده از فرمولcfg مورد بررسی قرارداده است تا مشخص نماید زبان آموزان واقعا" به جواب سئوالات واقف بوده و یا از روی حدس و گمان به پاسخ صحیح دست یافته اند. این تحقیق فرصتی استثنایی برای مقایسه نمرات آزمونهای چهارگزینه ای و بله/خیر در شرایطی که زبان آموزان تعداد سئوالاتی برابر با مفادی یکسان در هر دو شکل آزمون در دسترس داشته اند ایجاد نموده است. نتایج این تحقیق حاکی از آن است که تفاوت قابل ملاحظه ای در نمرات زبان آموزان با استفاده از این فرمول و بدون استفاده از آن وجود داشته است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
35 - تاثیر راهبردهای اصلاح خطا و استنباط بر روی درک مفاهیم انگلیسی و دیدگاه دانشجویان پیراپزشکی
امیر حسین سرکشیکیان اکبر علی اصغرزاده فاطمه بنا یزدیمطالعات زیادی وجود دارد که تأثیر مثبت آموزش استراتژی بر درک مطلب را نشان میدهد. این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر دو راهبرد خواندن (یعنی تصحیح غلط و استنباط) بر درک مطلب انگلیسی در دانشجویان پیراپزشکی ایرانی با استفاده از آزمون پیش آزمون ، پس آزمون ، گروه گواه می پردازد. همچنین Moreمطالعات زیادی وجود دارد که تأثیر مثبت آموزش استراتژی بر درک مطلب را نشان میدهد. این مطالعه به بررسی تأثیر دو راهبرد خواندن (یعنی تصحیح غلط و استنباط) بر درک مطلب انگلیسی در دانشجویان پیراپزشکی ایرانی با استفاده از آزمون پیش آزمون ، پس آزمون ، گروه گواه می پردازد. همچنین نگرش آنها در مورد تأثیر و سودمندی این راهکارها بررسی شد. شرکت کنندگان شصت دانشجوی پیراپزشکی بودند که به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس از دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کاشان انتخاب شدند. آنها به طور تصادفی در یک گروه کنترل و دو گروه ازمایش قرار گرقتند. به گروه آزمایشی اول استراتژی استنباط آموزش داده شد در حالی که به گروه دوم یک استراتژی مبتنی بر تئوری بازجویی داده شد. نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل آماری پس آزمون و پرسشنامه نشان داد که گروه راهبرد استباط در پس آزمون به طور قابل توجهی بهتر عمل می کنند. همچنین نتایج داده های پرسشنامه نشان داد که راهبرد استباط به نگرش مثبت منجر می شود. علاوه بر این استنباط در رفع نیازهای دانشگاهی شرکت کنندگان مفیدتر شناخته شد. یافته های پژوهش حاکی از رویکرد مبتنی بر نیاز در آموزش زبان برای اهداف ویژه است Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
36 - بررسی عوامل خانوادگی مؤثر در گرایش نوجوانان 18-12 ساله به بزهکاری در کانون اصلاح و تربیت شهرستان گرگان
سیف اله فرزانه شهرام ملانیا جلودار اسماعیل زمانی رادشرایط نامطلوب خانواده میتواند برای بزهکاری مساعد باشد، پس به همان نسبت وجود شرایط مطلوب در خانواده رشد ذهنی، عاطفی، روانی و اجتماعی نوجوان را امکان پذیر ساخته، مهمترین گام در پیشگیری از بزهکاری است. هدف مطالعه بررسی عوامل خانوادگی مؤثر در گرایش نوجوانان 18-12 ساله به ب Moreشرایط نامطلوب خانواده میتواند برای بزهکاری مساعد باشد، پس به همان نسبت وجود شرایط مطلوب در خانواده رشد ذهنی، عاطفی، روانی و اجتماعی نوجوان را امکان پذیر ساخته، مهمترین گام در پیشگیری از بزهکاری است. هدف مطالعه بررسی عوامل خانوادگی مؤثر در گرایش نوجوانان 18-12 ساله به بزهکاری در کانون اصلاح و تربیت شهرستان گرگان است. روش این پژوهش مطالعهای توصیفی – تحلیلی از نوع مقطعی است، مطالعه بصورت پیمایشی و تکنیک پرسشنامه بر روی 58 نفر از کلیه بزهکاران نوجوان مستقر در کانون اصلاح و تربیت شهرستان گرگان انجام گرفته است. یافتههای تحقیق نشان میدهد از میان شش متغیر واردشده در پژوهش، متغیر گسیختگی خانواده نوجوان با ضریب 0.454، تأثیر اصلی و نقش اساسی را در بزهکاری نوجوانان دارد. این متغیر به تنهایی توانسته 0.30 درصد از واریانس متغیر گرایش به بزهکاری نوجوانان را پیشبینی نماید. بررسی نشان داد که عوامل خانوادگی در گرایش نوجوانان به بزهکاری به شکل زیر تأثیرگذار بود. از میان عوامل خانوادگی: گسیختگی خانواده، روابط اعضای خانواده، کنترل و نظارت والدین، باورها و اعتقادات مذهبی خانواده و انحراف یکی از اعضاء خانواده با گرایش نوجوانان به بزهکاری رابطه معناداری دارند، اما میان سختگیری والدین و احساس طردشدن از سوی خانواده با گرایش نوجوانان به بزهکاری رابطه معنا داری مشاهده نشد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Investigation of latent droughts hyper-arid climate of Iran (Case study: center, south and east of Iran)
Majid Gozalkhoo Reza Borna Hossein Mohammadi Farideh AsadianDrought is one of the climatic hazards that is of special importance. One of the problems of drought studies is the over-normal rainfall along with a relatively long period of drought. This divert SPI index; To the extent that sometimes, despite the occurrence of drough MoreDrought is one of the climatic hazards that is of special importance. One of the problems of drought studies is the over-normal rainfall along with a relatively long period of drought. This divert SPI index; To the extent that sometimes, despite the occurrence of drought, the index incorrectly shows that period as normal or even wet and leads to incorrect decisions in drought management plans. In this study, SPI drought index in 8 provinces with 27 synoptic stations located in the center, south and east of Iran with De Martonne hyper-arid climate in a period of 34 years (1985-2019) for a period of twelve months was calculated and analyzed. In this study, for the first time, the EP-SPI hybrid index is presented in which effective precipitation data was used as program input. Thus, the effect of older rainfall is reduced and the index provides a better estimate of drought. The results of statistical analysis of EP-SPI versus SPI values show a significant correlation at the level of 5%. 83% of the events with a difference of more than one in October to March and the highest difference between the two methods is equivalent to four levels of drought index displacement from wet Severe to moderate drought. In this study, it was found that 9.3% of the events of the 12-month drought remained hidden from the SPI index. Therefore, it can be said that the efficiency of EP-SPI method for detecting latent droughts in a period of twelve months is confirmed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
38 - Effects of Different Corrective Feedback Types on Reducing Iranian Test-takers’ Speaking Anxiety: Lower- and Upper-intermediate Levels
Samin Seyedebrahimi Fariba Rahimi Esfahani Mehrdad Sepehri -
Open Access Article
39 - Impact of Prompts as Corrective Feedback Strategy on Teaching /θ/ and /ð/ among Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners
Maryam Karami Laya Heidari Darani -
Open Access Article
40 - A Study on the Nature of Iranian English Teachers’ Grammar Beliefs
Khalegh Setoodeh Esmaeil Jadidi Ehsan Rassaei -
Open Access Article
41 - The effects of Total Factor Productivity on Employment in Iranian Manufacturing Industries
shima sangsari mohammadgholi yousefy hamid amadehThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of total productivity factors on employment in Iran's industrial sectors using Autoregressive distributed lag and error correction model over the period 1996-2016. In modeling, industries are categorized into three gro MoreThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of total productivity factors on employment in Iran's industrial sectors using Autoregressive distributed lag and error correction model over the period 1996-2016. In modeling, industries are categorized into three groups of low-technology, Medium Low Technology, and Medium High Technology industries. The results show a significant and negative impact of total factor productivity on employment in Total industries and Medium High Technology industries that means meaning that the increase in total productivity factors in short and long term reduces total employment of Medium High Technology industries. In addition, total factor productivity has a negative effect on employment in low Technology and Medium Low Technology, meaning that increasing productivity in both the short and long run reduces employment in low-tech and medium-low industries. According to the results, increasing the skill and Workforce expertise and new Machinery can lead to increased productivity in the employment of Iranian industries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
42 - انتقال قیمت، رفتار آستانهای و تعدیل نامتقارن در بازار مرغ ایران
م. کاوسی کلاشمی پ. خلیق خیاوی خلیق خیاویبخش مرغ ایران تغییرات ساختاری معنی ­دار بسیاری را طی سال­های اخیر شاهد بوده است. چنین تغییراتی ممکن است پویایی­های قیمت و انتقال شوک­ها در کانال­های بازاریابی را به خصوص در بازارهای خرده­ فروشی تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. این پژوهش انتقال قیمت، رفتار آست Moreبخش مرغ ایران تغییرات ساختاری معنی ­دار بسیاری را طی سال­های اخیر شاهد بوده است. چنین تغییراتی ممکن است پویایی­های قیمت و انتقال شوک­ها در کانال­های بازاریابی را به خصوص در بازارهای خرده­ فروشی تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. این پژوهش انتقال قیمت، رفتار آستانه­ای و تعدیل نامتقارن قیمت در بخش مرغ استان­های اردبیل (AR)، آذربایجان شرقی (EA) و آذربایجان غربی (WA) با استفاده از داده­های هفتگی قیمت طی سال­های 1998 تا 2012 مورد بررسی قرار داده است. تحلیل ما از یک الگوی همگرایی آستانه­ای بهره برده که امکان تعدیل نامتقارن نسبت به شوک­های مثبت و منفی قیمت را فراهم می­آورد. نرم­افزار R به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. یافته­های اصلی بیانگر وجود عدم تقارن در انتقال قیمت برای تمام بازارها است. براساس کمینه­سازی شاخص مجموع مربعات خطا (SSR) آستانههای برآوردی برای بازارهای EA-AR، WA-AR و EA-WA به ترتیب برابر با (217/1، 38/0)، (211/0، 61/1)، (95/1، 38/0) می­باشد. در تلاشی دیگر آستانه­ها با استفاده از روش­شناسی TVECM برآورد شد و نتایج مشابه­ای حاصل شد. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Investigation Effective Factors On Energy Depreciation Of Stepped Spillways
saeed razmara Abbas mansoriIn recent decades, stepped spillways have been a significant role in this case.. This research is based on The flow energy calculated on these edged steps and simple steps in nappe flow and skimming flow regimes. Difference in height, width and edge slopes will determin MoreIn recent decades, stepped spillways have been a significant role in this case.. This research is based on The flow energy calculated on these edged steps and simple steps in nappe flow and skimming flow regimes. Difference in height, width and edge slopes will determine the effects of each of these parameters on energy dissipation ratio And then the analysis of sixteen model with different geometries were conducted by Gambit and Fluent software for two discharges ٣/٦ lit/s (nappe flow) and ٢٥ litr/s (skimming flow) by the total of ٣٢ models. And with regard to the results achieved, the influence of the edge for nappe flow has been regarded according to Chamani and Rajaratnani equations. With regard to the results, it is suggested that the existence of the edge at the step end can be enhanced the energy dissipation ratio along the stepped chute. Of course the ratio of this effect in flow and skimming regimes are not the same and these effects are decreased by increasing of discharge. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
44 - The Study and analysis of Copyists’ making alterations in manuscripts
ahmadreza yalamehaIn fact, manuscripts are cultural heritages of every society that withot them the recognition of ideas, believes, and generally the historical cultures of the society is imposible. It is obvious that these written works in every language, society, and generation a MoreIn fact, manuscripts are cultural heritages of every society that withot them the recognition of ideas, believes, and generally the historical cultures of the society is imposible. It is obvious that these written works in every language, society, and generation are in danger of making alterations. The causes of making alterations. The causes of making alterations in the form and content of manuscripts are due to different reasons. One of the reasons is the copyists’ indulgence in the writing of the manuscripts the copyists’ making alterations are due to factors such as tiredness, optical error, and mind error. One of the frequently found error in Poet’s Divans in different Periods is the mixture of couplets and as the result the deletion of a hemistich or some hemistiches in a series of couplets. Therefore, the Purpose of this paper is to study and analysis making alterations in manuscripts by copyists in writing some Divans. It is important to mention that the erroneous recording of the copyists has been reflected in the publications of some Divans. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
45 - Accurate Prediction of DGPS Correction using Neural Network Trained by Imperialistic Competition Algorithm
Mohammad Reza Mosavi Hodeis Nabavi -
Open Access Article
46 - بررسی تاثیر عوامل اقتصادی و غیر اقتصادی بر تقاضای انرژی در بخش کشاورزی ایران
مریم ضیاآبادی محمدرضا زارع مهرجردیبه دنبال رشد جمعیت، افزایش انتشار گازهای گلخانهای و محدودیت منابع انرژی، تقاضای انرژی و عوامل موثر بر آن به موضوع مهمی تبدیل شده است. بررسی مصرف انرژی در بخش کشاورزی ایران نشان میدهد که طی سالهای گذشته به منظور افزایش تولید، اشتغال و امنیت غذایی، مصرف انواع حاملهای Moreبه دنبال رشد جمعیت، افزایش انتشار گازهای گلخانهای و محدودیت منابع انرژی، تقاضای انرژی و عوامل موثر بر آن به موضوع مهمی تبدیل شده است. بررسی مصرف انرژی در بخش کشاورزی ایران نشان میدهد که طی سالهای گذشته به منظور افزایش تولید، اشتغال و امنیت غذایی، مصرف انواع حاملهای انرژی در این بخش افزایش یافته است. با توجه به اهمیت منابع انرژی و حفاظت محیط زیست، هدف این مطالعه بررسی تاثیر عوامل اقتصادی و غیر اقتصادی بر تقاضای انرژی دربخش کشاورزی ایران طی دوره 1396-1349 با استفاده از روش مارکوف سوئیچینگ- تصحیح خطای برداری میباشد. نتایج مطالعه حاکی از آن است که متغیر تولید بخش کشاورزی در هر دو رژیم مارکوف، دارای تاثیر مثبت و معنادار بر تقاضای انرژی در این بخش بوده است. متغیر تنوع فعالیتهای کشاورزی تاثیر مثبت و معنادار بر مصرف انرژی در بخش کشاورزی داشته است. همچنین تاثیر متغیرهای سرمایه انسانی و آزادسازی تجارت بخش کشاورزی، بر مصرف انرژی در این بخش نیز مثبت و معنادار بوده است. بنابراین پیشنهاد میشود برای کاهش آلودگی محیط زیست و همچنین جلوگیری از کاهش تولید بخش کشاورزی، سیاستهای مناسب برای مدیریت و بهینهسازی مصرف انرژی در این بخش اتخاذ شود. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
47 - An Application of the Two-Regime Threshold Vector Error Correction Model to Analyze Asymmetric Price Transmission of Milk in Zanjan Province of Iran (187-194
Moharram Ainollahi Mohammad Ghahremanzadeh In this paper asymmetric price transmission mechanism and nonlinear adjustment between producer and retail prices of milk were examined in Zanjan Province of Iran. For this purpose, a Two-Regime Threshold Vector Error Correction Model (TVECM) and a Sup-LM Test de More In this paper asymmetric price transmission mechanism and nonlinear adjustment between producer and retail prices of milk were examined in Zanjan Province of Iran. For this purpose, a Two-Regime Threshold Vector Error Correction Model (TVECM) and a Sup-LM Test developed by Hansen and Seo (2002) were employed for checking presence of a threshold effect. Application of unit root tests indicated that both wholesale and retail prices are I (1), and Johansen test verified cointegration of the series in the long-run. Results of the Sup-LM test confirmed threshold adjustment of product price towards the long-run equilibrium. Furthermore, results obtained from TVECM revealed that the coefficient of ECT is significant only in the first regime of retailing equation implying that retailers significantly respond to the decreasing deviations from the long-run equilibrium. While adjustment coefficient is not significant for wholesale equation in both regimes to imply that there is not significant inclination to react to deviations from the long-run equilibrium among the wholesalers despite the retailers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
48 - Price Transmission Analysis in Iran Chicken Market
Seyed Safdar Hosseini Afsaneh Nikoukar Arash DourandishOver the past three decades vertical price transmission analysis has been the subject of considerable attention in applied agricultural conomics. It has been argued that the existence of asymmetric price transmission generates rents for marketing and processing agents. MoreOver the past three decades vertical price transmission analysis has been the subject of considerable attention in applied agricultural conomics. It has been argued that the existence of asymmetric price transmission generates rents for marketing and processing agents. Retail prices allegedly move faster upwards than downwards in response to farm level pricemovements. This is an important issue for many agricultural markets, including the Iranian chicken market. Chicken is an important source of nutrition in Iranian society and many rural households depend on this commodity market as a source of in-come. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the extent, if any, of symmetric price transmission in Iran chicken market using the Houck, Error Correction and Threshold models. The analysis is based on weekly chicken price data at farm and retail levels over the period October 2002 to March 2006. The results of tests on all three models show that price transmission in Iranian chicken market is long-run symmetric, but short-run asymmetric. Increases in the farm price transmit mmediately to the retail level, while decreases in farm price transmit relatively more slowly to the retail level. We conjecture the asymmetric price transmission in this market is the result of high inflation rates that lead the consumers to expect continual price increases and a different adjustment costs in the upwards direction compared to the downwards direction for the marketing agents and a non- competitive laughtering industry and that looking for ways to make this sector of the chicken supply chain more competitive will foster greater price ransmission symmetry and lead to welfare gains for both consumers and agricultural producers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
49 - The Nonlinear Relationship between Bank Credits and Agricultural Employment in Mazandaran Province
Alireza Keikha Farshid Alipour Hamid MohammadiMazandaran province is one of the most important agricultural areas in Iran. Researches findings show that the role of bank credits is really important due to the lack of available funds in agricultural sector. In this study, the relationship between allocation of Agric MoreMazandaran province is one of the most important agricultural areas in Iran. Researches findings show that the role of bank credits is really important due to the lack of available funds in agricultural sector. In this study, the relationship between allocation of Agricultural Bank credits of Iran as professional bank section and agricultural employment was studied in the Mazandaran province based on a threshold error correction model during 1981-2011. The results show that the impact of credits on agricultural employment has been significantly different in upper and lower level of estimated threshold. The estimated threshold is about 44 percent for bank credits. The impact of bank credits on agricultural employment will be significantly negative when they exceeds from the threshold point. The results confirm transfer of capital from agriculture to other sections, resulting in a lack of integrated management for credit allocation system. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
50 - Agriculture productivity effects on the Iran economic Growth
F. DABIRI S. KHoshnevis Yazdi F. ZandiToday,the most important goal of economic countries is achieving to economic Growth through productivity improving productivity improving can be achieved by optimum utilization of the production factors and it plays an important role in continuous economic growth and su MoreToday,the most important goal of economic countries is achieving to economic Growth through productivity improving productivity improving can be achieved by optimum utilization of the production factors and it plays an important role in continuous economic growth and sustainable development. Productivity of factors of production in agriculture sector is very important.Because in Iran,agriculture is the largest production sector after oil and services that has allocated around 20 present of Gross national product and main share of non oil export to it.Moreover,relation between agriculture former and hinder with other sectors will help output growth and employment,by increasing population and limiting resources,require optimum utilization of resources and increasing production factors productivity.In this study,data have been used as annually time series of data for the period of persian data 1350 till persian data1387.And variable of agriculture productivity is computed by using Kendrick index and then influence of agriculture productivity to economic Growth is estimated by model of ARDL and ECM that the test results indicate the signs of estimated coefficients for all variables match with visionary asters and the variable of capital,agriculture productivity,labor have positive and meaningful influence in economic Growth.And Granger causality test showed that there is a overhand relationship from agriculture productivity to economic growth. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
51 - The Testing of Supply Side and Demand Side at Improving of Financial Markets
Erfan Memarian Mohammadreza Mahjoub Soudeh HasanpourIn this survey as a case study, the mutual effects of Tehran - Stock Exchange - Price Index (TEDPIX) and Iran's economic growth have been investigated. To do this, the data about the above variables during 1999-2010 has been collected through quarterly data and by econo MoreIn this survey as a case study, the mutual effects of Tehran - Stock Exchange - Price Index (TEDPIX) and Iran's economic growth have been investigated. To do this, the data about the above variables during 1999-2010 has been collected through quarterly data and by econometric method evaluation, especially Johansson's cointegration test and vector error correction model, the mutual relationship between the variables has been dealt with. The results of Johansson's cointegration test showed that there is a long term balance relation in the above variables. Also the results of the vector error correction method showed that there is a unidirectional relationship between the above variable from economic growth to Tehran - Stock Exchange - Price Index (TEDPIX).and consequently demand side approach was approved in improving fainancial markets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
52 - Grammatical Error Correction of English as Foreign Language Learners
Adnan Satariyan Ahmad Mohseni -
Open Access Article
53 - Concept Revision of Age, Motivation, and Error Correction in Second Language Learning
Hamid Beyrami -
Open Access Article
54 - بررسی بازخورد صریح شفاهی و کتبی بر گرامر زبان آموزان
Jafar Izadpanah فیروز صدیقی Leila Akbarpourاین پژوهش بر روی زبان آموزان ایرانی برای مشخص کردن تاثیر بازخورد صریح شفاهی و کتبی در تصحیح ساختارهای دستوری و نگرش آنها نسبت به بازخورد های مذکور انجام شد. برای این منظور، عملکرد زبان آموزان در واکنش به دو نوع بازخورد، یعنی بازخورد صریح شفاهی و بازخورد صریح نوشتاری در Moreاین پژوهش بر روی زبان آموزان ایرانی برای مشخص کردن تاثیر بازخورد صریح شفاهی و کتبی در تصحیح ساختارهای دستوری و نگرش آنها نسبت به بازخورد های مذکور انجام شد. برای این منظور، عملکرد زبان آموزان در واکنش به دو نوع بازخورد، یعنی بازخورد صریح شفاهی و بازخورد صریح نوشتاری در قالب بازخورد فرا زبانی (کد نویسی و توضیح برای اشتباهات دستوری)، مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. شصت دانش آموز دختر دبیرستانی همگن به طور تصادفی به دو گروه آزمایش شفاهی و کتبی تقسیم شدند و سپس یک آزمون دستور برای پی بردن به تاثیر دو نوع بازخورد از دانش آموزان گرفته شد. برای اندزه گیری چنین تاثیراتی یک سری از آزمون های t مستقل به عنوان تکنیک های آماری برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها بکار گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که هر کدام از این دو نوع بازخورد تاثیر قابل توجهی در تصحیح ساختارهای دستوری و کاهش اشتباهات دستوری داشته اند، اگر چه بازخورد صریح شفاهی تاثیر قابل ملاحضه تری نسبت به بازخورد صریح کتبی داشته است. مصاحبه های نیمه ساختارمند نیز با انتخاب پنج دانش آموز از هر گروه آزمایش به طور تصادفی برای یافتن نظر آنها در مورد بازخورد صریح شفاهی و کتبی انجام شد. دانش آموزان بازخورد صریح شفاهی را مفید تر و موثر تر از بازخورد صریح کتبی تشخیص دادند. بکارگیری این نوع بازخوردها در کلاسهای آموزش زبان انگلیسی جهت تقویت مهارت های زبان انگلیسی موثر خواهد بود و همچنین در این پژوهش پیشنهادات بیشتری راجع به بررسی بازخوردها داده شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
55 - Exploring the Role of Occurring Errors Distribution in the Distribution of Corrective Feedback Targets
Servat Shirkhani -
Open Access Article
56 - بررسی بازخورد صریح شفاهی و کتبی بر روی گرامر زبان آموزان
Jafar Izadpanah فیروز صدیقی Leila Akbarpourاین پژوهش بر روی زبان آموزان ایرانی برای مشخص کردن تاثیر بازخورد صریح شفاهی و کتبی در تصحیح ساختارهای دستوری و نگرش آنها نسبت به بازخورد های مذکور انجام شد. برای این منظور، عملکرد زبان آموزان در واکنش به دو نوع بازخورد، یعنی بازخورد صریح شفاهی و بازخورد صریح نوشتاری در Moreاین پژوهش بر روی زبان آموزان ایرانی برای مشخص کردن تاثیر بازخورد صریح شفاهی و کتبی در تصحیح ساختارهای دستوری و نگرش آنها نسبت به بازخورد های مذکور انجام شد. برای این منظور، عملکرد زبان آموزان در واکنش به دو نوع بازخورد، یعنی بازخورد صریح شفاهی و بازخورد صریح نوشتاری در قالب بازخورد فرا زبانی (کد نویسی و توضیح برای اشتباهات دستوری)، مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. شصت دانش آموز دختر دبیرستانی همگن به طور تصادفی به دو گروه آزمایش شفاهی و کتبی تقسیم شدند و سپس یک آزمون دستور برای پی بردن به تاثیر دو نوع بازخورد از دانش آموزان گرفته شد. برای اندزه گیری چنین تاثیراتی یک سری از آزمون های t مستقل به عنوان تکنیک های آماری برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها بکار گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که هر کدام از این دو نوع بازخورد تاثیر قابل توجهی در تصحیح ساختارهای دستوری و کاهش اشتباهات دستوری داشته اند، اگر چه بازخورد صریح شفاهی تاثیر قابل ملاحضه تری نسبت به بازخورد صریح کتبی داشته است. مصاحبه های نیمه ساختارمند نیز با انتخاب پنج دانش آموز از هر گروه آزمایش به طور تصادفی برای یافتن نظر آنها در مورد بازخورد صریح شفاهی و کتبی انجام شد. دانش آموزان بازخورد صریح شفاهی را مفید تر و موثر تر از بازخورد صریح کتبی تشخیص دادند. بکارگیری این نوع بازخوردها در کلاسهای آموزش زبان انگلیسی جهت تقویت مهارت های زبان انگلیسی موثر خواهد بود و همچنین در این پژوهش پیشنهادات بیشتری راجع به بررسی بازخوردها داده شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
57 - بررسی آثار اندازه دولت بر رشد اقتصادی در ایران
اکبر کمیجانی هادی حق شناس -
Open Access Article
58 - An Investigation of the effects of transportation infrastructure on foreign direct investment in Iran (5874-2117)
Armin Rajabzadeh Mina Mahjoub laleh Mohammad Reza Abbasi AstamalStrong infrastructure cause reduction in transportation costs that this reduction is a motivation for entering regional and multinational firms and attraction of foreign investment. The aim of this research is to study the effect of transportation infrastructure on fore MoreStrong infrastructure cause reduction in transportation costs that this reduction is a motivation for entering regional and multinational firms and attraction of foreign investment. The aim of this research is to study the effect of transportation infrastructure on foreign direct investment in Iran during 5874-2117. By using time series econometric measuring; Johansen Co integration method the long-run relationship has been investigated and according to Error Correction method the short-run relations have been studied. The results show that transportation infrastructure has significantly and positive effect on foreign direct investment by coefficient of 2ه22. But in short-run there is no causative relationship between capital stock of transportation on foreign direct investment Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
59 - An Investigation of Monetary PoliciesEffects on Properties Pricing In Iran
مجید احمد لوAbstract This paper investigates monetary policies effects on property pricing for the case of Iran over the period 1369-1392. For this objective, we apply Co-integration technique and vector error correction model (VECM). We obtain Data set from Iran’s cen MoreAbstract This paper investigates monetary policies effects on property pricing for the case of Iran over the period 1369-1392. For this objective, we apply Co-integration technique and vector error correction model (VECM). We obtain Data set from Iran’s central bank time series database. The results of this study showed that there is a short-run and long run relationship from bank credit and a long-run relationship from liquidity and inflation to physical property prices. In addition, there is a short-run and long run relationship from inflation and a long-run relationship from liquidity and banks short-run profit rate to financial property prices. These results suggest that monetary effects on especially financial property prices appear with time lag. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
60 - Sociological analysis of sport function in the re-socialization of criminals (Case study of male prisoners in Sanandaj)
hassan babaee Bahram GhadimiExercise (sport) is a tool to improve the level of well-being and comfort and a way to develop and maintain physical and mental health in society.One of the organizations that can use sports as a tool to heal unhealthy and abnormal people (criminals) who have somehow di MoreExercise (sport) is a tool to improve the level of well-being and comfort and a way to develop and maintain physical and mental health in society.One of the organizations that can use sports as a tool to heal unhealthy and abnormal people (criminals) who have somehow disrupted the order and security of society and are kept in a closed environment called prison, is Prison organization. In this regard, sport in prison can be used as a practical solution in educating and reforming prisoners. First, in the qualitative part of the research, using the grounded theory technique of Strauss and Corbin model, 35 people were interviewed and then, in the quantitative part, a questionnaire was given to 260 male prisoners in Sanandaj town. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and its reliability was calculated by Cronbrach’s alpha (70%). It is considered a "theory based" for validity. The findings showed that the phenomenon of the quality of punishment as a social phenomenon is commensurate with the review action of a prisoner who wants to strengthen himself mentally through exercise to return to society, and this study can be a good model with an overview Oriented, systematic, and long-term, the work of sport is to re-socialize criminals and seeks to guide the actions of managers in the long time horizons and wider areas of implementation. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
61 - Developing Asset Correlation Risk Model (ACR) with Asset- Liability Management (ALM) Approach with using of VECM model
Mahdi Hemmati Asiabaraki Mohammadhasan Gholizadeh Seyed Mozafar MirbargkarBanks, as levers in macroeconomic policies, by regulating and adjusting the bank's interest rates, enforce monetary policies and controls inflation and unemployment, which is one of the most important macroeconomic goals. One of these tools is asset-debt management. The MoreBanks, as levers in macroeconomic policies, by regulating and adjusting the bank's interest rates, enforce monetary policies and controls inflation and unemployment, which is one of the most important macroeconomic goals. One of these tools is asset-debt management. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to develop the Asset Correlation Risk Model (ACR) with the Asset- Liability Management approach (ALM). This research is descriptive in nature and in terms of its purpose. The statistical population of the research is the companies accepted in the Tehran Stock Exchange and the sample of the banks accepted in this collection, which can be extracted from the research data. The research period is from 1391 to 1396, with 20 banks selected as research samples. This research has a theoretical model and a vector error correction model was used to test the hypotheses. According to the t-statistic and the coefficient of estimation of the VECM model, it is determined that the effect of using the debt-asset management approach on the asset-liability correlation risk in a long-term equilibrium is decreasing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
62 - The Effect of Goods market Efficiency on Economic Growth in Selected Asian Countries
Naghmeh honarvar homayoun ranjbar sara ghobadiImproving efficiency and productivity has an impact on the main economic, social and political phenomena of societies, such as reducing the level of inflation, increasing the level of public welfare, increasing the level of employment and increasing competitiveness. Eff MoreImproving efficiency and productivity has an impact on the main economic, social and political phenomena of societies, such as reducing the level of inflation, increasing the level of public welfare, increasing the level of employment and increasing competitiveness. Efficiency explains the degree of success of an economic unit or a country in the optimal use of inputs to produce output in comparison with other economic units and other countries, therefore, examining the effects of efficiency on macroeconomic variables is very important. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the effects of the goods market efficiency pillar in the global competitiveness index on economic growth with an emphasis on the factors affecting this efficiency (technology, trade and investment) in Asian countries with a moderately high competitiveness index during the period of 2008-2018. For this purpose, the effects of goods market efficiency on the economic growth of these countries were investigated using the panel vector error correction model (PVECM). In general, the results indicate that the positive shock of this type of efficiency (improving the efficiency of the goods market) in the medium and long run leads to an increase in the economic growth rate and a decrease in the unemployment rate. Also, the results showed that the most effective variable on the efficiency of the goods market is investment, which has the greatest impact on the efficiency of the goods market in the long run. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
63 - The study of the long run effects of international trade on economic success variables in Iran
fateme sabet naghmeh honarvar ali rezaeiEconomic growth and inflation control are among the goals pursued by any economy. In today's world, decision-making power and role-playing in global trading are countries that have a lot to say in the economy. If the policymakers' goal is to develop and encourage trade, MoreEconomic growth and inflation control are among the goals pursued by any economy. In today's world, decision-making power and role-playing in global trading are countries that have a lot to say in the economy. If the policymakers' goal is to develop and encourage trade, in order to achieve this goal, it must control the growth of the international presence and the inflation by strengthening the foundations of the country's production. This study examines the long run effects of international trade on Iran's economic success variables during the period 1350-1395 using Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The results of Johansson's co-integration test showed that there is a long run equilibrium relationship between variables.. The results of the IRF indicated that the positive shock of exports in the short, medium and long run had a significant positive effect on economic growth and inflation. The positive shock of imports in the short run has a significant positive effect, and in the medium and long run, there is a significant negative effect on economic growth, and this shock has a significant negative effect on inflation in the short, medium and long run. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
64 - Correction of Solecisms in Shayegh Lorestani's Diwan ( book of poetry )
Javad TorabpoorAbstract Hadi Beik Saki, with the pen-name of " Shayegh" and known as " Shayegh Lorestani" is the talented Persian poet in the period of Zandieh and Ghajarieh, and is attributed to the literary renascence school. He has tried MoreAbstract Hadi Beik Saki, with the pen-name of " Shayegh" and known as " Shayegh Lorestani" is the talented Persian poet in the period of Zandieh and Ghajarieh, and is attributed to the literary renascence school. He has tried his hand in most of the Persian poetry molds. The only existing version of this poet is the manuscript written by Hossein Ali ibn Yar Beik Zanganeh Bakhtiari in 1223 which was registered in Malek National Library in 1331 with the number of 5117. Mr. Hamid Reza Dalvand corrected and published it in 1383. Regarding the abundant errors in its text, the writer of this essay corrected and reported a number of solecisms of this diwan, based on the aesthetics, semantic rules, prosodic patterns and Persian literary traditions. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
65 - Introducing and Studying the Kholasatoshoara ( Botkhaneh ) , idol temple , Biography
Mohaddeseh FarrokhiAbstract One of the methods in paying attention in the existing identity of societies is collecting and editing of the manuscripts and precise programming to identify and introduce these works. Among the manuscripts, since som MoreAbstract One of the methods in paying attention in the existing identity of societies is collecting and editing of the manuscripts and precise programming to identify and introduce these works. Among the manuscripts, since some of the biographies have kept the names and addresses of their writers, and have been survived up to now, are of specific importance. The biography of Kholasatoshoara ( botkhaneh ) is a footnote which has been written to the miscellany of Botkhaneh. It has over four thousand stitches, a selection poetry of the ancient or contemporary poets which is collected by Mulla Mohammad Sufi Mazandarani in cooperation with Abdollatif Abbasi in 1010 A. H. and later Abdollatif Abbasi Gojarati , in addition to writing a preface to it, has added the biography of poets together with their contemporary kings and the sages in brief and has arranged it in two volumes called Kholasatoshoara. In this article, by introducing the biography and existing copies of it, we have tried to offer its stylistics specification from the view point of lingual, thought and rhetoric Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
66 - The Mathnavi of " Shahnameh " , a newly found epic work, in the twelfth century A. H.
Hamid Reza Dehghanpour Ahmad Reza YalamehaAbstract Correction of the texts left in handwriting is one of the most important literary researches. One of these texts, the Mathnavi of Shahnameh with 8156 distiches, is from an anonymous poet with the pseudonym of Sharar. Th MoreAbstract Correction of the texts left in handwriting is one of the most important literary researches. One of these texts, the Mathnavi of Shahnameh with 8156 distiches, is from an anonymous poet with the pseudonym of Sharar. The poet has not been mentioned in any literary annals. No information is available on his birth and death. Only from a few lines in the same source it turns out that his pen-name was Sharar and his home city was Bukhara and was forced to live in India. According to several other passages, the Mathnavi of Shahnameh is about the wars of Mohammad Shah of India. The poetry of Shahnameh was written in the twelfth century and was transcribed in Indian calligraphy. In the manuscript catalog, there is only one handwriting of this system which is also in the library of Ayatollah Golpayegani in Qom, registered with the number 2612. But the compilers of this system managed to find another version of this mathnavi which was in the later section of the same version. This correction is based on those two copies. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
67 - بررسی انتشار ترک در مواد الاستیک خطی با در نظرگرفتن ضریب تصحیح مسیر ترک
مهران مرادی مهدی پورمحمودمدل کردن انتشار ترک به روش اجزا محدود تحت شرایط مختلف بارگذاری از اهمیت فوق‎‎‎العاده‎ای در مکانیک شکست برخوردار است. در این مقاله، با استفاده از علم مکانیک شکست الاستیک خطی، فرآیند رشد ترک بر اساس معیار حداکثر تنش اصلی که توسط ضرایب شدت تنش بیان می‎& Moreمدل کردن انتشار ترک به روش اجزا محدود تحت شرایط مختلف بارگذاری از اهمیت فوق‎‎‎العاده‎ای در مکانیک شکست برخوردار است. در این مقاله، با استفاده از علم مکانیک شکست الاستیک خطی، فرآیند رشد ترک بر اساس معیار حداکثر تنش اصلی که توسط ضرایب شدت تنش بیان می‎‎شود، تحلیل می‎گردد. همچنین، روشی برای تصحیح جهت انتشار ترک در آنالیز اجزا محدود بیان شده تا بتوان در تحلیل‎های مختلف یک مسئله با در نظر گرفتن پیشروی‎های متفاوت ترک، در نهایت مسیر ترک واحدی بهدست آورد. در هر مرحله از پیشروی ترک، جهت تحلیل ناحیه‎ی تنش منفرد نوک ترک از المان‎‎های منفرد در روش اجزا محدود استفاده می‎شود. نتایج چنین تحلیلی برای چندین مدل با هندسه‎های مختلف آورده شده است. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
68 - Moon of Hamavaran or King of Hamavaran?
Sajjad AydenlooIn the tale of Rostam and Esfandyar, Katayun in order to stop Esfandyar from going to Sistan and confront Rostam reminds him of Rostam’s heroic deeds and his services to save Iran and thus states: “He who killed the moon of Hamavaran/person had the audacity MoreIn the tale of Rostam and Esfandyar, Katayun in order to stop Esfandyar from going to Sistan and confront Rostam reminds him of Rostam’s heroic deeds and his services to save Iran and thus states: “He who killed the moon of Hamavaran/person had the audacity to question him”.In this couplet the moon of Hamavaran means Sudabeh and although this couplet appear in only one copy (in London, Britain 675Hijra) in all authentic and semi authentic editions of Shahnameh had been chosen. However in most manuscripts it is the king of Hamavaran which exists and this is encountered in merely certain stone and less authentic Shahnameh editions. Since in the report about the battle of Hamavaran in Shahnameh, the king of hamavaran begged Rostam for mercy and thus is not killed by him, editors regarded the version of King of hamavaran as incorrect and ignore this possibility whereas the study of various Farsi and Arabic sources indicate that from the story of the battle of hamavaran several versions at least three different reports exist in some of them the king of Hamavaran stays alive and in some other gets killed by Rostam. The reference for the aforementioned couplet above belongs to the second group of narratives related to the final destingy of King of hamavaran and is documented and based on the authentic and genunine source even earlier than Shahnameh which is also reflected in another couplet in the tale of Rostam and Esfandyar. Based on this latter evidence the register of “King of Hamavaran” which apparently seems incorrect, from the story’s point of view is reliable and also as far as criteria for the correction of the text are concerned since most editions agree and rely on the latter authentic source and the fact that it is more complex than the register “Moon of Hamavaran”,King of Hamavaran should be included in the final text of Shahnameh. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
69 - Correction of the manuscript copy of treatise on mysticism composed by Kamal-al Din Molla Abdulrazagh Issac Kashi
Mehdi MahooziThere exists a manuscript in 505 pages from Kamal-al Din Kashi in Higher School of Sepah Salar(Shahid Motahari). It contains a collection of treatise on wisdom, Erfan, manifestations of the Almighty God, argumentative and intuitive science. Pages 100-126 of this treatis MoreThere exists a manuscript in 505 pages from Kamal-al Din Kashi in Higher School of Sepah Salar(Shahid Motahari). It contains a collection of treatise on wisdom, Erfan, manifestations of the Almighty God, argumentative and intuitive science. Pages 100-126 of this treatise are devoted to the issues regarding mysticism and discourse. The significance of the subject and the character of the writer inspired the correction of this manuscript copy in the hope that subtleties in this work could assist authorities in their criticism and analysis. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
70 - The role of mediation and intercession in realizing restorative justice
hamidreza motie seyed mehdi ahmadi Hosein Rahimi VaskasiRestorative justice is a process that tries to give attention and authenticity to personal relationships in contrast to criminal justice that uses methods of punishment and satisfaction and rebuild what has caused the destruction of these relations in such a way that th MoreRestorative justice is a process that tries to give attention and authenticity to personal relationships in contrast to criminal justice that uses methods of punishment and satisfaction and rebuild what has caused the destruction of these relations in such a way that the victim, the offender and the local community are actively present in it and as a result of this participation, justice is realized which aims to restore relations. It means to compensate the losses caused by the crime and by analyzing and examining the causes, effects and results of the crime and the problems caused by it, find the appropriate solution to improve stable relationships. The realization of restorative justice, justice that is closer to human dignity, and reforming behaviors and restoring relationships for the betterment of society. It requires the development and application of methods that try to use different capacities to achieve maximum success and improve the health of society members in a meaningful way with the aim of socializing relationships. Among the methods of implementing restorative justice is the mediation method, which tries to discuss the causes, effects and results of the attributed crime and the ways to compensate for the resulting damages with the management of the mediator and, if necessary, with the presence of other effective persons. and achieve success that leads to the repair and restoration of relations. In Islamic jurisprudence, the criteria of restorative justice and mediation based on the reform of Zat al-Bin have been recommended and emphasized. Criteria for improving relationships between people, which are moral virtues. In this article, with the aim of understanding and explaining the role of mediation and intercession, their role in realizing restorative justice and reforming Zat al-Bin is discussed. Manuscript profile
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