بررسی بازخورد صریح شفاهی و کتبی بر روی گرامر زبان آموزان
Subject Areas : All areas of language and translationJafar Izadpanah 1 , فیروز صدیقی 2 , Leila Akbarpour 3
1 - PhD candidate, Department of English Language, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
2 - دپارتمان زبان انگلیسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی (وتحد شیراز) ، شیراز، ایران
3 - Assistant Professor of TEFL, Department of English Language, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
Keywords: دستور زبان, تصحیح, بازخورد شفاهی, نگرش ها, بازخورد کتبی,
Abstract :
این پژوهش بر روی زبان آموزان ایرانی برای مشخص کردن تاثیر بازخورد صریح شفاهی و کتبی در تصحیح ساختارهای دستوری و نگرش آنها نسبت به بازخورد های مذکور انجام شد. برای این منظور، عملکرد زبان آموزان در واکنش به دو نوع بازخورد، یعنی بازخورد صریح شفاهی و بازخورد صریح نوشتاری در قالب بازخورد فرا زبانی (کد نویسی و توضیح برای اشتباهات دستوری)، مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. شصت دانش آموز دختر دبیرستانی همگن به طور تصادفی به دو گروه آزمایش شفاهی و کتبی تقسیم شدند و سپس یک آزمون دستور برای پی بردن به تاثیر دو نوع بازخورد از دانش آموزان گرفته شد. برای اندزه گیری چنین تاثیراتی یک سری از آزمون های t مستقل به عنوان تکنیک های آماری برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها بکار گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد که هر کدام از این دو نوع بازخورد تاثیر قابل توجهی در تصحیح ساختارهای دستوری و کاهش اشتباهات دستوری داشته اند، اگر چه بازخورد صریح شفاهی تاثیر قابل ملاحضه تری نسبت به بازخورد صریح کتبی داشته است. مصاحبه های نیمه ساختارمند نیز با انتخاب پنج دانش آموز از هر گروه آزمایش به طور تصادفی برای یافتن نظر آنها در مورد بازخورد صریح شفاهی و کتبی انجام شد. دانش آموزان بازخورد صریح شفاهی را مفید تر و موثر تر از بازخورد صریح کتبی تشخیص دادند. بکارگیری این نوع بازخوردها در کلاسهای آموزش زبان انگلیسی جهت تقویت مهارت های زبان انگلیسی موثر خواهد بود و همچنین در این پژوهش پیشنهادات بیشتری راجع به بررسی بازخوردها داده شده است.
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