• List of Articles adoption

      • Open Access Article

        1 - Model adoption of cloud computing in IT outsourcing
        Mohammad Hossein yektaei Azame Ranjbar Noshary
        Cloud computing technology as a new information and communication technology assists organization to change the use of production and it service. Meanwhile the organization managers by identifying their requires can experience outsourcing with the help of cloud comput More
        Cloud computing technology as a new information and communication technology assists organization to change the use of production and it service. Meanwhile the organization managers by identifying their requires can experience outsourcing with the help of cloud computing knowledge. The aim of this study is to provide a model for information technology is based on cloud computing adaption. After studying literature and identify factors influencing the adoption of cloud computing on IT outstanding and composition the combination of theories related to the acceptance of innovation such as: Innovative of diffusion theory (IDT), Technology acceptance model (TAM) , framework Technology Organization Environment (TOE), Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT).The proposal model has been approved by experts in first step and manages and then it has been tested in IT Farhangestan honar. As a result of this study, knowledge of clerk, support of Mangers, security are the most important in cloud computing at out sourcing of IT which are helpful to the organization. Manuscript profile
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        2 - “Evaluating the theory of ‘‘diffusion of innovations’’ in respect to consumers’ time of adoption (electronics industry)”
        H. Nikoomaram H. Nezakati Alizadeh
        Aim of this research is evaluation of “Diffusion of Innovations Theory” in relation with Electronicsconsumers' adoption. To do so, a population of Iranian TV-set manufacturers is studied. Five majorcompanies, holding 95% of market share have been chosen. Sel More
        Aim of this research is evaluation of “Diffusion of Innovations Theory” in relation with Electronicsconsumers' adoption. To do so, a population of Iranian TV-set manufacturers is studied. Five majorcompanies, holding 95% of market share have been chosen. Selection of main variables has been based on acategorization by the Ministry of Mine and Industry in three groups of products (14", 21" and 29" TV-sets).Due to the confidential nature of data and to facilitate generalizing and deducing, all data have been coded.Tests and analyses relating to research hypothesis have been lead to this conclusion that distribution curve ofDiffusion of Innovations in Electronic Industry (TV-sets), like the global pattern, does follow the normalcurve. But categorizing various types of adopters does not follow a global pattern; distribution beneath thecurve (Adopters Classifications) shows following record:- Lack of innovators is observed.- Early adopters and laggards mark a level higher than normal.- Early majorities and late majorities show a level lower than the normal limit. Manuscript profile
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        3 - Firmware Development Work on Expanding the Use of Smart Phone Applications
        Hossein Maadanipour Ahmad Aslizadeh
        Current study has done to investigate the effect of smartphone operation systems development on application usage rate as a new media and new marketing channel. For this purpose, the effect has been formulated by diffusion innovation theory of Rogers considering innovat More
        Current study has done to investigate the effect of smartphone operation systems development on application usage rate as a new media and new marketing channel. For this purpose, the effect has been formulated by diffusion innovation theory of Rogers considering innovation and technology acceptance context. According to the model, features that cause an innovation and a technology adoption; are relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trial ability, and visibility of the discussed phenomena. For more acquaintance of different operation systems, the history of creation and development in this field has been explained. Base on data that covered 377 users of an interactive application, correlation has been found. By regression analysis, the effect and coefficient has been proved. Results show that smartphone operation systems development has a positive effect on application usage rate. As a result, acceptor increase and growth rate of actual application users by OS development are more likely predictable. Manuscript profile
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        4 - Evaluation of factors affecting Internet banking adoption among governmental and private banks Customers in Tehran.
        محمد علی عبدالوند فریده حق شناس کاشانی زهرا فلاح اصل
        Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to identify empirically the factors underlying the decision to adopt online banking in Tehran. Design/methodology/approach – The sample used in this study is based on 385 interactive questionnaires completed by Tehran inte More
        Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to identify empirically the factors underlying the decision to adopt online banking in Tehran. Design/methodology/approach – The sample used in this study is based on 385 interactive questionnaires completed by Tehran internet users. Data were analyzed by employing correlation and multiple regression analysis. Findings – The results showed that perceived usefulness,perceived ease of use, internet experience, trust and use of other banking products positively associated with the intention to use online banking in Tehran.On the contrary demographic characteristics was found to be not significant in this study. Research limitations/implications – This study was conducted in Tehran and future research can use this model to study the adoption of online banking in other cities. Managerial implications – The results allow banks’ decision makers to develop strategies that can increase the adoption of online banking. Banks should improve the security and privacy of the websites, which will increase the trust of users. Banks should also create features which are useful to users, try to make the process of using the services easy for consumers, teach customers how to use the online services and use a package deal, such as an account with online access, debit or credit card and a SMS banking service. Originality/value – The findings allow the factors that can influence the adoption of online banking in Tehran to be understood. Unlike existing studies based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this study includes internet experience, trust and use of other banking products on top of the existing variables used in TAM. Most studies on adoption of online banking are focused on developed countries. By focusing on Iran, this model can also be applied to other countries which are relatively new to e-commerce and online banking. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        5 - The relationship between managerial, technical and environmental factors with the desire to accept e-business among small and medium enterprises distributing pharmaceutical products in Tehran
        Nooshin Tavili Mohammad Reza Ramezani Qomi
        Purpose: In recent decades, with the advent of the Internet, e-commerce has become a tool for organizing the business model but in the meantime, the e-business world is so confusing for many newcomers. What the researcher considers is a survey of a number of factors inf More
        Purpose: In recent decades, with the advent of the Internet, e-commerce has become a tool for organizing the business model but in the meantime, the e-business world is so confusing for many newcomers. What the researcher considers is a survey of a number of factors influencing the tendency among managers or owners of small and medium enterprises in the field of acceptance of electronic businesses. Methodology: The method of this research is based on the purpose, applied and based on the method of data collection, a descriptive survey type. The statistical population consisted of managers of small and medium enterprises distributing pharmaceutical products in Tehran. Accordingly, the sample size is considered by the Cochran formula, 196 people. Due to the difficulty of accessing the managers of these companies, a non-random sampling method was used to select the statistical sample. The data-gathering tool was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by calculating the CVR index and calculating the Cronbach's alpha to determine its reliability showed that the reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed. Structural equation modeling and Smart Plus software then analyzed data. Findings: The results of the test of ten hypotheses in this study showed that there is a significant relationship between managerial support, organizational management support, attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control, with a willingness to accept business. Among the technical factors, the perceived advantages and the relationship between environmental factors, suppliers' pressure and customer pressure, have a significant relationship with the acceptance of electronic business. Research Limitations: In this research, with limitations such as cross-sectional research that limits the ability to generalize outcomes, the lack of a fully relevant internal study for full coverage of the literature and theoretical framework. The most important limitation of this research can be the work and intellectual engagement of the respondents as the statistical population of the research. Therefore, the data collection by the researcher's efforts to understand the goals and potential benefits of research for them to increase the accuracy of answering questionnaire questions and lack of time free respondents were a lengthy process. Originality/Value: This study is in the subject of innovation; based on researcher's research in internal research bases, studies or studies on identifying factors affecting the behavioral tendencies of small and medium-sized enterprise managers in the field of accepting electronic businesses were not observed. Therefore, due to lack of observation of such a study, the present research can be considered as an innovation subject. Manuscript profile
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        6 - The effect of social media adoption on importing clothes firms’ performance (Case Study: Instagram)
        Nahal Khodadi rahim mohtaram masoumeh jafari
        Nowadays, social media has become a new and important skill for everyone, and even for those who do not have much understanding of technology. In recent years, the world wide access to the media and social has drawn modern societies and business attention to it, and the More
        Nowadays, social media has become a new and important skill for everyone, and even for those who do not have much understanding of technology. In recent years, the world wide access to the media and social has drawn modern societies and business attention to it, and they are enjoying significant popularity, especially among younger generations. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the social media of Instagram on the function of clothing importer companies. The method of this study was survey and descriptive-applied in terms of its purpose. The research population was the research of the customers of the clothing importer companies at Instagram, such as Jean West and Cotton, who, according to the Cochran formula, participated in the research for unlimited societies of 384 people. Random sampling method was available and they completed questionnaires on the level of social media competence of Instagram, social media adoption, intention to use the Instagram and the performance of the importing companies. The questionnaires are classified according to the five-point Likert scale. Also, the results obtained from the Cronbach's alpha coefficient show the acceptable reliability of the tools. To investigate the normality of the data, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, factor analysis was used to confirm the validity of the questions and to identify the key factors of each component and the model of the structural equation model to investigate the fit of the research model with the collected data. Manuscript profile
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        7 - Using Theory of Trying to Investigating the Adoption of Mobile Banking
        Mojgan Bahrami Naser Khani Mohamadreza Moradi Mogoyi
        Purpose: Drawing upon the theory of trying, the purpose of this study was to investigate adoption of mobile banking among the customers of Sade rat Bank in Isfahan. In addition the moderating effect of customers’ experience with internet banking and mobile applica More
        Purpose: Drawing upon the theory of trying, the purpose of this study was to investigate adoption of mobile banking among the customers of Sade rat Bank in Isfahan. In addition the moderating effect of customers’ experience with internet banking and mobile applications was conducted. Methodology: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive survey in terms of data collection. Using a questioner, the sample was selected using convenience sampling, which includes 450 bank customers who don’t use mobile banking. Out of 450 questionnaires, 400 were usable that analyzed with SPSS and Smart PLS 3. Findings and Conclusion: The findings reveal that intention of adopting mobile banking is determined by attitude toward mobile banking, which in turn is determined by attitude toward learning to use mobile banking. In addition, respondents’ past experience with internet banking and mobile applications did not have moderating effect on the relationship of attitudes and adoption intention. The result also showed that customers are interested in learning how to use mobile banking, also they have a lot of experience in using Internet and mobile applications. Therefore, the reason for customers' weakness of attitude depends not on the individuals and customers but on the performance of the bank and its infrastructure.   Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        8 - Mobile-Banking Adoption by Iranian Bank Clients
        M. Behboudi A. Abedini Koshksaray M. Jalilvand Shirkhani Tabar
        This study is designed to provide some insights into factors affecting the adoption of mobile banking in (MB) Iran. Encouraging clients to use the cell phone for banking affairs, and negative trends in the adoption of this technology makes it imperative to study the fac More
        This study is designed to provide some insights into factors affecting the adoption of mobile banking in (MB) Iran. Encouraging clients to use the cell phone for banking affairs, and negative trends in the adoption of this technology makes it imperative to study the factors affecting the adoption of mobile banking.Thisstudy builds a comprehensive theoretical model explaining mobile banking adoption. A survey was adminstered to validate critical factors in Iran. 361 students participated in this study. The SEM techniques used to incorporate the construct validity and testing the hypotheses. The AMOS software was used to analyze the statistics. We examined eight latent variables of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, need for interaction, perceived risk, perceived cost, compatibility with life style, perceived credibility and trust. We found that these constructs successfully explain adoption of mobile banking among Iranian clients. Adaptation with life style and trust are found to be the most significant antecedents explaining the adoption of mobile banking. The present research is the first study using Structural Equation Modeling in order to test MB in Iran. Moreover, we examined eight variables which in comparison to previous study that used four or five variables, show more variance.  Manuscript profile
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        9 - Investigating the Effect of Trust and Perceived Risk on Adoption Internet Banking Services among Arak Banks Customers
        P. Ghaffari Ashtiyani M. Zanjirdar R. Sha’abani
        Purpose: Nowadays expansion of internet use is an underlying opportunity for financial institutions and banks to use it as a benefit in a hard competition environment. According to the nature of internet shopping some of the consumers always experience a level of risk. More
        Purpose: Nowadays expansion of internet use is an underlying opportunity for financial institutions and banks to use it as a benefit in a hard competition environment. According to the nature of internet shopping some of the consumers always experience a level of risk. The present research investigates simultaneously the effect of trust and the perceived risk on adoption internet banking services. Methodology: This research is applicable in term of target. in terms of method and nature is causal research and of domain relevant branch. Necessary information are collected using questionnaire mean time for analysis of data, Structural Equation Modeling and LISREL software are used. To achieve this goal 300 questionnaires were distributed among Arak banks customers that used internet banking services at least once and finally 276 usable questionnaires returned and were analyzed. Findings: The analysis results showed there is a significant relation between costumer's perceived ability of Internet Banking Services and using these services. Also results suggest that bank trusting negatively affected perceived risk of Internet Banking Services on one hand and positively affected costumer perception of bank abilities to offer Internet Services for using these services on the other hand. Finally negative effect of perceived risk for Internet Banking Services to use these services was approved. Research Limitations: There are a lot of factors that can affect on the adoption of internet banking services but because of the high importance of perceived risk and trust in adoption of this services and also because of time limitation in this research we are studied these two variable only. Also lack of accurate statistics of the customers using internet banking was among the restricting factors in this research. Managerial Implications: Finally it is suggested to the bank managers to formulate and implement strategies that can increase the perceived trust of the customers and parallel to programs of trust making move in the way of lessening the perceived risk of customers by creating specialized counters in their branches. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        10 - Evaluation of Factors Affecting Internet Banking Adoption among Governmental and Private Banks Customers in Tehran
        Z. Falah Asl M. A. Abdolvand
        Purpose – This paper seeks to identify empirically the factors underlying the decision to adopt online banking in Tehran. Design/methodology/approach – The sample used in this study is based on 385 interactive questionnaires completed by Tehran internet user More
        Purpose – This paper seeks to identify empirically the factors underlying the decision to adopt online banking in Tehran. Design/methodology/approach – The sample used in this study is based on 385 interactive questionnaires completed by Tehran internet users. Data were analyzed by employing correlation and multiple regression analysis. Findings – The results showed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, internet experience, trust and use of other banking products positively associated with the intention to use online banking in Tehran. Research limitations/implications – This study was conducted in Tehran and future research can use this model to study the adoption of online banking in other cities. Managerial implications – The results allow banks’ decision makers to develop strategies that can increase the adoption of online banking. Banks should improve the security and privacy of the websites, which will increase the trust of users. Banks should also create features which are useful to users, try to make the process of using the services easy for consumers, teach customers how to use the online services and use a package deal, such as an account with online access, debit or credit card and a SMS banking service. Originality/value – The findings allow the factors that can influence the adoption of online banking in Tehran to be understood. Unlike existing studies based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this study includes internet experience, trust and use of other banking products on top of the existing variables used in TAM. Most studies on adoption of online banking are focused on developed countries. By focusing on Iran, this model can also be applied to other countries which are relatively new to e-commerce and online banking.   Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        11 - Knowing the Effective factors on Acceptance of Electronic Government Services from the Point of Citizen's View (Research Point: The Government Counter Offices in the City of Tehran)
        M. Haghighinasab S. Ghasemi M. Torkaman A. Ghasemi
        The thesis's abstract (includes, precise goals, methods of performance and gained conclusions): This inquiry has been paid on identification of the effective factors on adoption of electronic government services from the point of citizen's view with a survey on the gove More
        The thesis's abstract (includes, precise goals, methods of performance and gained conclusions): This inquiry has been paid on identification of the effective factors on adoption of electronic government services from the point of citizen's view with a survey on the government counter offices in the city of Tehran .The model of research in this inquiry examines the pattern of relation between independent variables (perception of usefulness, perception from ease of use, perception of quality of services, computer self-efficacy and accessibility) middle variables(Attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control, and dependent variable (intention to use). Statistical population includes Citizens who apply for services to government counter offices. A random sample of 352 citizens have participated in research and completed the questionnaire. Perceived behavioral control, attitude and mental norms toward electronic government services has a positive effect on intention to use it. Computer self-efficacy represents the meaningful relationship with perceived behavioral control. An overall conclusion suggest that  electronic government policymakers should provide direct access of citizens to these services via one stop portals with broadband internet access, meanwhile,  improving the quality  of services in government counter offices as well. Manuscript profile
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        12 - A Proposed Model for Mobile Banking Adoption from Customers Perspective and Compare it with World Known Models
        S. Karkhanei Sh. Mohammadi
        Recent advances in wireless technologies and devices, has created new opportunities to provide innovative banking services named Mobile banking. With mobile banking, customers are able to conduct banking services at anyplace and anytime and to connect banking service ea More
        Recent advances in wireless technologies and devices, has created new opportunities to provide innovative banking services named Mobile banking. With mobile banking, customers are able to conduct banking services at anyplace and anytime and to connect banking service easily and quickly with mobile devices. Since the penetration rate of mobile devices is more than other technologies, if mobile banking accepted by the customers can decreases costs of banks and customers effectively. Worldwide researches has shown that despite there are numerous benefits that mobile banking provides for customers and banks, it is not accepted by the customers. Research on factors affecting the adoption of mobile banking by customers can be helpful in resolving this issue. Therefore, in this study a new model for the adoption of mobile banking taking into account the role of advertisement is presented. The proposed model combines the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Usage of Technology (UTAUT) with Task Technology Fit (TTF), and adds other influencing factors. Also, the proposed model is compared with the world known models in this research.   Manuscript profile
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        13 - Check Jurisprudence and Legal Guardian of the Child Marriage
        Mojde Zafari Mahdi Khodaei
        Adoption is a legal institution under which a legal relationship between the spouses or the single guardian is created with the adopted child. In Iran, the law to protect unsupervised children was passed in 1974, and this law with the new title "Law for the Protection More
        Adoption is a legal institution under which a legal relationship between the spouses or the single guardian is created with the adopted child. In Iran, the law to protect unsupervised children was passed in 1974, and this law with the new title "Law for the Protection of Children and Adolescents, Orphans or with Irresponsible Parents" was amended and the former Act was repealed in 2013. According to this law, families without children or single women over thirty years old can adopt children or teens, either orphans or with irresponsible parents, if the conditions prescribed in the Act are provided. licensing the marriage between the guardian and the adopted child expressed in Article 26 of the same law, are Among the defects and problems of this law which are in conflict with the main purpose of this Act, in Article 1, the material and spiritual needs of children and adolescents.   Manuscript profile
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        14 - Adoption and Implementation of Activity-Based Innovations: with Emphasis on Initiation, Adoption and Extent of Use
        Mohammad Nazaripour Saeed Ghonjalipoor
        Activity-based innovations can be defined as ‘any management accounting practice that uses the concept of ‘activities’ as its hard core’. This study specifies the concept of activity-based innovations and identifies the factors influencing ABI in More
        Activity-based innovations can be defined as ‘any management accounting practice that uses the concept of ‘activities’ as its hard core’. This study specifies the concept of activity-based innovations and identifies the factors influencing ABI initiation, adoption and extent of use. The statistical population of this study is Kerman manufacturing companies. Required data was collected through self-made questionnaire. The research period has been the summer of 2017. Binary logistic regression model and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to test the research hypotheses. According to the research findings, there is no a meaningful relationship between innovation attributes and initiation of "activity-based innovations." Among the attributes of innovation, only the relative advantage has a positive and significant relationship with the adoption of innovation. Among the organizational factors, only two factors “top management support” and the “levels of overhead” have a positive and significant relationship with initiation of innovation as well as only two factors “top management support” and “champion support” have a positive and significant relationship with the adoption of innovation. Environmental uncertainty factors have a positive and meaningful relationship with the extent of use of "activity-based innovation" Manuscript profile
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        15 - Conceptual Explanation of Target Costing Based on Critical Perspective
        Mohammad Namazi Zohreh Hajiha Hassan Chenari
        The aim of this research is to advance the theory belonging to the determinants of adoption of target costing (TC) system by firms. Although the previous studies describes several factors, it clarifies the instances under which TC adoption will add firm value, which ref More
        The aim of this research is to advance the theory belonging to the determinants of adoption of target costing (TC) system by firms. Although the previous studies describes several factors, it clarifies the instances under which TC adoption will add firm value, which refers to b . T M S w’ 1978 evaluate the cost orientation of TC adoption, which responds the question as to why firms do not adopt TC even when the previous studies emphasize to the benefits of adoption. The paper concludes that possess of prospector managers the scope to take advantage of the high information asymmetry to inhibit TC adoption, because their stock-based compensation increases with volatility in earnings and stock returns. In contrast, managers with defending strategy obtain extensive cash-based compensation with the adoption of TC, which helps achieve much firm profits. The paper concludes with specific sources of agency problems and some avenues for future research. In the other words, adoption of a defensive strategy by managers in companies leads to value creation a long with the interests of all stakeholders intra and inter organization. Manuscript profile
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        16 - Factors Influencing the Adoption of Biological Control of Rice stem borer (Chilo Suppressalis) in Talesh Region, Iran
        S. A. Noorhosseini M. S. Allahyari M. S. Sabouri
        Manuscript profile
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        17 - Identify the factors affecting the adoption of waste management by the citizens of Tehran
        Shaghayegh Kheiri Akram Azad Armaki
        Introduction and purpose of research: Wastes generated in Tehran that is true dirty gold and entering the valuable water and soil resources, Ecosystems will lead to more pollution and there are many diseases. Due to this the correct way to collect waste in the city have More
        Introduction and purpose of research: Wastes generated in Tehran that is true dirty gold and entering the valuable water and soil resources, Ecosystems will lead to more pollution and there are many diseases. Due to this the correct way to collect waste in the city have been emphasized therefore the aim of the study it was Identify the factors affecting the adoption of waste management.Method: The study was the applied and descriptive – correlational method. The research population was all in Tehran Housewives. The sample size was determined by Cochran's formula (n= 385). Proportional stratified random sampling method was used. Data was collected through an instrument that developed by researchers. Validity estimated by a panel of experts in University and Environmental experts, department of Tehran city. Reliability was conducted by a Pilot test study and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient assumed (0/78≤ α ≤ 0/95) which show its suit for research conduct.Findings: the result showed that there was a significant difference between seven variables Education, citizenship education, citizen participation, the role of the media, economic, political and cultural factors in the adoption of waste management among citizens of Tehran.Conclusions: Spearman test with 95% confidence significant positive relationship between education and the adoption of waste management revealed citizens. Pearson test with 99% confidence significant positive relationship between cultural factors, political, economic, media's role, participation and citizenship education and Waste Management Admission indicated. Due to the above factors can be co-citizens in waste management (waste separation, etc.) to be optimized Manuscript profile
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        18 - Factors influencing adoption of improved wheat varieties and their impacts on food security dimensions: Application of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) in East Azarbaijan
        Farzaneh Noruzi Ajabshir Farhad Lashgarara Mehdi Mirdamadi Maryam Omidi najafabadi
        This study examined the major effective factors on farmer’s adoption of improved wheat varieties and investigated their impacts on food security in East Azarbaijan province based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. The population of this stu More
        This study examined the major effective factors on farmer’s adoption of improved wheat varieties and investigated their impacts on food security in East Azarbaijan province based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. The population of this study comprised wheat growers who adopted improved wheat varieties in 21 regions. The study sample consisted of 380 wheat growers selected through stratified random sampling. A questionnaire was utilized for data collection. Validity was confirmed by face validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity and reliability was calculated using Composite Reliability and Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data was analyzed using Smart-PLS software. The findings showed that the performance expectancy, hedonic motivation, and trust, had a positive and significant effect on the intention to adopt technology as well as on the dimensions of food security. In addition, the moderating variables of age, gender, and experience did not have a significant effect on related constructs. Manuscript profile
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        19 - Factors Affecting Farmers’ Satisfaction with New Irrigation Systems in Behbehan Township
        Davoud Rouzaneh Masoud Yazdanpanah Masoumeh Forouzani Arman Bakhshi jahromi
        Water is the major limiting factor for agriculture in an arid and semi-arid region. Demand for available water resources is fast and the competition among the various sectors of the economy for the scarce water is becoming intense. In response to these conditions, pursu More
        Water is the major limiting factor for agriculture in an arid and semi-arid region. Demand for available water resources is fast and the competition among the various sectors of the economy for the scarce water is becoming intense. In response to these conditions, pursuing various innovative technical, institutional and policy interventions to enable the efficient, equitable and sustainable utilization of the scarce water resources. In this regard, many governments introduce new irrigation systems to address water shortage in their agriculture sectors. However, the success of such policy completely depend on farmers’ adoption and this, in turn, depends on farmers’ satisfaction.  In light of these facts, the aim of this paper is to investigate and measure farmers' satisfaction with a new irrigation system that ultimately leads to a better understanding of why farmers adopt or reject new irrigation system. To achieve these goals, the survey method is applied as a research method. The statistical populations were farmers who adopted the new irrigation system in Behbehan Township in Khuzestan province in southern Iran. Data were collected using a researcher made questionnaire. Validity questionnaires were approved by a panel of expert and its reliability was approved by a pilot study (0.81-0.94). Structural equation modeling showed that farmers’ satisfaction mainly was determined by value followed by perceived quality. The findings yield public policy and marketing recommendations for stimulating the adoption of new irrigation systems among farmers. The findings yield public policy and marketing recommendations for stimulating the adoption of new irrigation systems among farmers. Manuscript profile
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        20 - Factors Influencing the Adoption Behavior of Summer Crop Farmers in Shoushtar Township Regarding Integrated Pest Management
        مریم Shoshtari احمرضا Omani
        Manuscript profile
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        21 - The Impacts of Perceived Innovation Characteristics on Intention to Use Bio-Fertilizers among Farmers: Evidence from Yengijeh Village, Zanjan County
        Ehsan Gholifar Ali Mirshekari Rasool Lavaei Adaryani Hesamedin Gholami
        Due to adverse effect of chemical fertilizers overconsumption, bio-fertilizers have been considered as an alternative or supplementary input. However, sustainable consumption of bio-fertilizers is dependent to their adoption by farmers. Accordingly, the main purpose of More
        Due to adverse effect of chemical fertilizers overconsumption, bio-fertilizers have been considered as an alternative or supplementary input. However, sustainable consumption of bio-fertilizers is dependent to their adoption by farmers. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study was to examine the impact of bio-fertilizers perceived innovation characteristics on intention to use them in Yengijeh village in Zanjan County. The statistical population consisted of 313 farmers working in this village from which 165 farmers were chosen through convenience sampling. A questionnaire was applied to gather data that its reliability and face validity was examined, respectively by computing Cronbach Alfa and a panel of expert. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the data. Results revealed that among five bio-fertilizers’ innovation perceived characteristics (compatibility, complexity, trial ability, observability and relative advantage), only observability had positive significant impact on intention to use these fertilizers. It seems that the observability of bio-fertilizers in comparison with other innovation characteristics can be achieved without need for any action to be taken through environmental indicators and informal relationships. Thus, intention to use bio-fertilizers can be predicted by characteristics that easily and without extra effort can be understood. Manuscript profile
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        22 - FACTORS AFFECTING THE ADOPTION OF INNOVATIONS: THE CASE OF SAFFLOWER IN BANDAMIR DISTRICT
        Mahboubeh Asimeh Mehdi Nooripoor
        The entry of any innovation into a social system usually faces various barriers and limitations and it cannot be expected to be necessarily accompanied by acceptance and use. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate factors affecting the adoption of safflower cult More
        The entry of any innovation into a social system usually faces various barriers and limitations and it cannot be expected to be necessarily accompanied by acceptance and use. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate factors affecting the adoption of safflower cultivation in Bandamir district of Zarghan area of ​​Fars Province. The study was conducted using a stratified random sampling method, data were collected from 64 adopters of safflower cultivars and 36 non-adopters. The data collection tool was a questionnaire whose face validity was confirmed by experts. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for different parts of the questionnaire was higher than 0.71. Data were analyzed using SPSSv22 software. The results showed that the most important difference between the adopters and non-adopters of safflower cultivation is related to age, agricultural experience, and the amount of the loan received. The results also indicated that the high accuracy and utility of discriminant analysis can classify adopter farmers of safflower cultivating from non-adopter ones. From the total variables entered the model, some variables including awareness rate, the received loan rate, communicational factors, the total amount of land under cultivation and literacy level, were the most important distinguishing variables of two adopter and non-adopter groups of safflower cultivation. In addition, the results of studying the characteristics of safflower products showed that according to farmers' view, this product is generally in desirable condition so that respondents' understanding of its relative advantage was higher than average score, in terms of compatibility it was in good conditions, in terms of the complexity it was nearly low, in terms of trial- ability, it gained a medium-to-high score and, about visibility, also it was moderate. Manuscript profile
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        23 - The Mediating Role of Green Supply Chain Management in the Relationship between Environmental Drivers and Sustainable Performance
        Seyed Javad Hashemi Goorab Mehrdad Hosseini shakib
        Background and Objective: Due to the growing importance of environmental issues in organizations, the present study investigates the impact of external pressures and internal impetus on organizational performance by considering the mediating role of green supply chain a More
        Background and Objective: Due to the growing importance of environmental issues in organizations, the present study investigates the impact of external pressures and internal impetus on organizational performance by considering the mediating role of green supply chain adoption and green procurement. Material and Methodology: This study is categorized as applied and descriptive. The statistical population of the study consists of managers and experts of Iran Khodro Industrial Molds Company, that number was 331 people. The sample size was calculated based on Cochran's formula to be 178 people. For sampling, the available sampling method was used and data collection was done by a researcher-made questionnaire. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed using expert's opinion and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In order to data analysis, the structural equation modeling method (SEM) and Amos software have been used. Findings: Findings indicate that external pressures with the mediating role of green supply chain management adoption and green procurement have a positive significant effect on organizational performance. In addition, the effect of internal impetus on performance was confirmed by the mediating role of green supply chain management adoption. Discussion and Conclusions: Based on the findings, it can be said that the organization's actions to adapt to the environment and meet environmental requirements, is a way to differentiate from competitors. The use of a green supply chain, in addition to the organization benefits from the advantages of savings, can also maximize the profitability of the organization by creating innovation in the design and production of environmentally friendly products. Manuscript profile
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        24 - Indicators for Adopting Management Accounting Innovations in Times of Economic Crisis
        Somayeh Naeemi Hassan Yazdifar Hossein Shafiei
        10.30495/jsm.2021.1919586.1424
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        25 - Investigating the Effectiveness Constructs on Digital Technologies Adoption in Banking Systems
        Fatemeh Mohamadebrahimzade Sepasgozar Yousef Ramezani sharifeh sargolzaei Samad MohamadebrahimSepasgozar
        New technologies have made it possible to make fundamental changes to the banking system and financial processes. Banks use new technologies based on their own circumstances, including the level of training and readiness of customers. In the meantime, the lack of a clea More
        New technologies have made it possible to make fundamental changes to the banking system and financial processes. Banks use new technologies based on their own circumstances, including the level of training and readiness of customers. In the meantime, the lack of a clear understanding of the level of adoption of bank customers from digital services is a key issue for the banking industry. Recent research does not measure the view of both users of technology that includes bank customers. One of the major challenges facing banks today is the accurate understanding of factors affecting user behavior. Therefore, this paper has been conducted with the aim of investigating the factors affecting the intention to use the customer in the banking system. The research model is based on technology acceptance model and theory of planned behavior. This is an applied research. Data were collected through a survey of 200 questionnaires distributed among users at the Mehr Bank Branches of North Khorasan Province. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire were analyzed by SPSS and Amos softwares. The results of the analysis show that the effect of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of the confirmation attitude and the effect of attitude and perceived usefulness of the intention to use in the customer is direct and significant and the effect of behavioral control on the intention to use, is significant and inverse. But the effect of subjective norms on intention to use is not confirmed. Manuscript profile
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        26 - An Electronic Readiness Assessment Model for More Efficient Electronic Commerce Adoption by Iranian Small and Medium Contractors
        Kianoush Naserolmemar Atosa Bayat
        10.22094/joie.2022.1925315.1848
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        27 - Studying Differences of Child Inheritance in Iranian and English Law
        Amin Javadi davoud nassiran
        10.22034/ijrj.2021.682412
        In the present article, with the focus on the child's inheritance and descriptive-analytical method, we tried to distinguish the approach of two legal systems of Iran. In this regard, three issues are explained in the two legal systems: the causes and barriers of inheri More
        In the present article, with the focus on the child's inheritance and descriptive-analytical method, we tried to distinguish the approach of two legal systems of Iran. In this regard, three issues are explained in the two legal systems: the causes and barriers of inheritance, share of the child's inheritance and the inheritance status of the particular child. And it is concluded that despite the fact that in both legal systems Sanguinity and marriage are necessary for inheritance and there is a gradient pattern in the division of inheritance, but in British law, on the one hand, the barriers to inheritance are exclusive to the murder of the deceased and, on the other hand, the gradient pattern is adjusted by the rule of priority and if there are children, they do not inherit the deceased parents. Regarding the inheritance status of other child cases, it became clear that in Iranian law, the existence of a legitimate birth is necessary in order to realize the inheritance. While in UK law, by adopting specific acts, in addition to the criterion of kinship, both legitimate and illegitimate and contractual criteria have also been identified. Manuscript profile
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        28 - Bayesian Analysis of Spatial Probit Models for Investigating the Adoption of High Yielding Wheat Varieties
        Anahita Nazari Gooran Vali Borimnejad
        The aim of this study, firstly, is to investigate and identify the factors leading to the adoption of high yielding wheat varieties grown by farmers. Secondly, it is to consider the impacts of neighborhood on farmers’ decisions about adoption of wheat varieties as More
        The aim of this study, firstly, is to investigate and identify the factors leading to the adoption of high yielding wheat varieties grown by farmers. Secondly, it is to consider the impacts of neighborhood on farmers’ decisions about adoption of wheat varieties as spatial data. For this purpose, Spatial Probit Discrete Choice model and Bayesian method will be used to estimate the model by using MATLAB software. The data are collected by 214 farmers in central part of Qazvin city via Simple Random Sampling. The results of the models estimated by using Bayesian method shows that adoption of high yielding wheat varieties are affected by variables such as rural production cooperatives, farming experience, age, quantity of wheat production and Spatial Autoregressive Coefficient. Manuscript profile
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        29 - Study the Impact of Individual, Organizational and Cultural Variables in the Adoption of Information Technology among Teachers in the Form of Causal Modeling
        Hassan Galavandi Farshid Ashrafi Salimi Kandi Sima Alizadeh
        The current study aimed to looking for the impact of individual, organizational and cultural variables in the adoption of information technology among teachers in the form of causal modeling. This study is placed among the causal modeling, which contains the path analys More
        The current study aimed to looking for the impact of individual, organizational and cultural variables in the adoption of information technology among teachers in the form of causal modeling. This study is placed among the causal modeling, which contains the path analysis and structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the study was one district high school teachers in the city of Urmia with the 260 persons. Based on Krejcie and Morgan table 150 persons of them were selected by cluster sampling method. Therefore they responded the questionnaire which consists of these subscales: decide to use, expected performance, effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions, individualism/ collectivism, uncertainty avoidance and power distance, and masculinity/ femininity. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling based on partial least squares (PLS) and one sample t test was used to check the status of cultural and organizational components. Findings showed performance and effort expectancy, and social influence had positive and significant effect on the decision to use information technology. Facilitating conditions and masculinity/ femininity had positive effect on use behavior. Also the effects of uncertainty avoidance and power distance were negative and significant. But the effect of individualism/ collectivism on these variables was not significant. Finally the tested model predicted 27% of variance in intention to computer use and 19% of use behavior. Manuscript profile
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        30 - تجزیه و تحلیل عوامل موثر بر پذیرش مشتریان از خدمات بانکداری اینترنتی با استفاده از نظریه گراف
        Ali Sharifi Mahdi Homayounfar
        توسعه سریع اینترنت و تجارت الکترونیکی، بخش بانکی  را به سمت تشویق مشتریان به بانکداری اینترنتی (IB) را تحریک کرده است، با این حال، شواهد نشان دهنده عدم علاقه در استفاده از خدمات IB است. بنابراین، هدف این مقاله شناسایی عوامل موثر بر پذیرش مشتری ازطریق IB و سنجش تاثی More
        توسعه سریع اینترنت و تجارت الکترونیکی، بخش بانکی  را به سمت تشویق مشتریان به بانکداری اینترنتی (IB) را تحریک کرده است، با این حال، شواهد نشان دهنده عدم علاقه در استفاده از خدمات IB است. بنابراین، هدف این مقاله شناسایی عوامل موثر بر پذیرش مشتری ازطریق IB و سنجش تاثیر هر یک از عوامل در پذیرش  IBاست. بر اساس یک بررسی آثار گذشته تحقیقاتی، تعدادی از عوامل به عنوان عوامل  موثر در پذیرش مشتری از طریق IB در نظر گرفته شدند. سپس، این عوامل به یک نمونه از مشتریان IB در قالب یک پرسشنامه ارسال شدند. پس از جمع آوری پرسشنامه ها ی پر شده و بر اساس آزمون آماری، مهمترین عامل در میان آنها مورد تحقیق قرار گرفت. از این رو، بسیاری از این عوامل با یکدیگرمرتبط هستند؛ روش مبتنی نظریه گراف (DEMATEL) با ساختار بازخورد استفاده شده است تا اثرات مستقیم و غیر مستقیم عوامل موثر بر عوامل دیگر و کل سیستم را بررسی کند. نتایج نشان داد که: پاسخدهی (بررسی موثر مشکلات)، دسترسی به خدمات IB (نیازهای سخت افزاری)، سرعت شبکه، سهولت استفاده و بدون نیاز به حضور فیزیکی در شعبه بانک، به ترتیب، مهمترین عوامل بحرانی هستند. Manuscript profile
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        31 - Adoption of Scientific Poultry Farming Practices by the Broiler Farmers in Haryana, India
        C.S. Ithika S.P. Singh G. Gautam
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        32 - انتخاب روش‌های متفاوت پرورش گاو شیری اصلاح شده در مناطق هیل و وللی مانیپور (هندوستان)
        A. Shyam Singh K. Singh R. Chakravarty P. Imtiwati
        این مطالعه در نواحی سناپاتی و توبال از مناطق هیل و وللی ایالت مانیپور هندوستان (که به‌صورت هدفمند انتخاب شده‌اند) صورت گرفته است. از هر یک از نواحی فوق دو بلوک به ‌صورت تصادفی انتخاب و در داخل هر بلوک نیز چهار روستا به‌ صورت تصادفی انتخاب شدند. در هر روستا نیز 30 پرورش More
        این مطالعه در نواحی سناپاتی و توبال از مناطق هیل و وللی ایالت مانیپور هندوستان (که به‌صورت هدفمند انتخاب شده‌اند) صورت گرفته است. از هر یک از نواحی فوق دو بلوک به ‌صورت تصادفی انتخاب و در داخل هر بلوک نیز چهار روستا به‌ صورت تصادفی انتخاب شدند. در هر روستا نیز 30 پرورش دهنده گاو شیری به‌ صورت تصادفی انتخاب شدند. سپس اطلاعات این 240 پرورش دهنده از طریق مصاحبه و با کمک پرشسنامه ساختاری از پیش‌ تأیید شده جمع‌آوری گردید. یک شاخص متفاوت به ‌صورت اختصاصی برای این مناطق تعریف شد که کلیه ابعاد روش‌های پرورش گاوهای شیری اصلاح شده (IDHP) را در بر می‌گرفت. داده‌های حاصل با کمک نرم‌افزارهای آماری مختلف آنالیز شدند. نتایج نشان داد که در کلیه 20 متغیر مورد بررسی، به غیر از متغیرهای وضعیت تحصیل خانواده، درآمد سالانه و ارتباطات شهری، تفاوت معنی‌داری بین دو منطقه مورد بررسی وجود داشت (01/0P<). اکثر پاسخ دهندگان در منطقه هیل (00/55 درصد) در دسته متوسط انتخاب IDHP قرار داشتند ولی اکثر پاسخ دهندگان در منطقه وللی (34/43 درصد) به دسته بالای انتخاب IDHP تعلق داشتند. در نمونه‌های هیل، سن، تحصیلات، مشارکت اجتماعی، مالکیت زمین، اشتغال جنبی، مصرف شیر، نوع خانه، شخصیت جهانی، استفاده از رسانه‌های جمعی و عقاید تأثیر بسیار معنی‌داری بر انتخاب IDHP داشته (01/0P<) ولی در نمونه‌های وللی، مؤلفه‌هایی نظیر اشتغال جنبی، تولید شیر، مصرف شیر، فروش شیر، درآمد سالانه، ارتباطات شهری، مجاری ارتباطی، شخصیت بومی، شخصیت جهانی و استفاده از رسانه‌های جمعی معنی‌دار بودند (01/0P<). Manuscript profile
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        33 - Investigating Organizational Socialization in Iran's Public Education Ecosystem
        Mohsen Zamani Cheriani Badri Shah Talebi Hossein Abadi Narges Saeedian Khorsgani
        This research aimed to explore organizational socialization in the ecosystem of public education in Iran. This study was conducted using a mixed-method (qualitative-quantitative) approach. The qualitative part employed content analysis with an interpretive approach, fol More
        This research aimed to explore organizational socialization in the ecosystem of public education in Iran. This study was conducted using a mixed-method (qualitative-quantitative) approach. The qualitative part employed content analysis with an interpretive approach, following Attride-Stirling’s approach. The research environment in this section included articles and books in the field of organizational socialization. Data analysis in the qualitative section revealed the dimensions of organizational Socialization, including organizational adaptability, active behavior, organizational culture, future envisioning, and organizational proceduralism. The quantitative part used a descriptive survey method. The statistical population in the quantitative section consisted of teachers employed in different grades of public schools in selected provincial centers in 2021, who were selected through convenience sampling. The research instrument was a 127-item questionnaire derived from the qualitative part of the research and based on a 5-point Likert scale with content validity confirmed by subject matter experts and face validity established by several members of the target population. Structural validity was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability was measured with Cronbach's alpha, which exceeded 0.70 for all items. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including factor analysis. Based on the factor loadings obtained for each item, the research model demonstrated desirable validity. To promote organizational socialization for novice and experienced teachers, it is recommended to utilize the actions derived from this research in organizational policy levels and teacher training programs. Manuscript profile
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        34 - On the Analysis of the Effects of Villagers' Participation Level in Preparation and Adoption of Rural Guidance Plans (Case Study: Dashtestan County)
        A. Anabestani S.M. Mosavi
        This study aimed to evaluate the participation level of villagers in the processes of preparation, adoption and implementation of the rural guidanceplans. This study is an applied one guidance ed in a descriptive-analytical method. The population of this study consisted More
        This study aimed to evaluate the participation level of villagers in the processes of preparation, adoption and implementation of the rural guidanceplans. This study is an applied one guidance ed in a descriptive-analytical method. The population of this study consisted of 12 rural settlements in Dashtestan county in which, the participation of villagers in rural guidance plans was remarkably significant. In villages, the sample size was identified based on Cochran formula. The sample size included 257 households in two groups, one group included 136 households who had attended in the rural guidance plans and the other group included 121 households who had not participated in the plans. They were selected in simple random selection method and interviewed. In addition, 28 persons were also interviewed from the rural authorities. The results show that based on one-sample t-test, the villagers’ participation in preparation, adoption and implementation of rural guidance plans is in the moderate level and the mean of the villagers and officials’ attitudes towards participation were 2.63 and 2.73, respectively, which according to the results of t-tests of two independent samples, there is no significant difference between the views of these two groups. In addition, there was a significant relationship between the education and age of the individuals and the participation of villagers in the preparation, adoption and implementation of the rural guidance  plans, and the correlation order was in moderate level (reverse and direct). However, there is no significant relationship between the participation of people and their jobs. Therefore, there is a significant relationship between individual characteristics and level of participation. Manuscript profile
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        35 - Analyze of Effective Factors on Non-adoption of Organic Farming of Rice (Case Study: Rural Areas of Sowme'eh Sara County)
        Mohammad Reza Safari Motlagh Maryam Moradi Behzad Kaviani
        Organic farming is the best method for the production of healthy agricultural products. The current research is a descriptive-survey study focused on correlation and comparison. In this research, data were collected by a research made questionnaire and that its validity More
        Organic farming is the best method for the production of healthy agricultural products. The current research is a descriptive-survey study focused on correlation and comparison. In this research, data were collected by a research made questionnaire and that its validity was confirmed by a panel of experts, and its reliability was measured through Cronbach's alpha formula (0.907). The relationships between independent and the dependent variables were determined by Pearson's correlation coefficient. The statistical population of this research consisted of 50 experts and 100 paddy farmers of Sowme'eh Sara county that were selected by random sampling procedures. The results of this investigation showed a relationship between the dependent and independent variables and thus it was confirmed (P < 0.05) that the impact of the three independent variables was significant on dependent variable at 0.95 level. As a result, all factors as independent variables were effective on the rejection of organic farming. Pearson correlation test showed that all hypotheses were confirmed. Duncan’s test also indicated that there was a significant difference in terms of the rejection of organic farming of rice among the existing factors namely individual characteristics, social factors and economic factors. Manuscript profile
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        36 - Determining Neighborhoods of Priority for Regeneration in Worn-out Urban Texture Based on Innovation Adoption Theory (Case Study: Torbat-e Heydarieh)
        Rostam Saberifar
        Introduction: Since one-third of the country's population lives in 141,000 hectares of worn-out areas, the regeneration of these textures is one of the main concerns of the country. However, the plans to organize these textures have always been one of the most challengi More
        Introduction: Since one-third of the country's population lives in 141,000 hectares of worn-out areas, the regeneration of these textures is one of the main concerns of the country. However, the plans to organize these textures have always been one of the most challenging urban programs, and it is difficult or almost impossible to find successful examples among them. One of the main reasons for this is people's skepticism about the results of such plans and the low acceptance rate of innovation.Research Aim: It seems that if these projects are implemented in appropriate and selected places and their positive and useful effects are tangible to the people, the acceptance of new approaches will be accelerated and the cost of implementing the projects will be reduced while their success will be guaranteed.Methodology: The study method was descriptive and analytical and the required data were collected using a questionnaire from a sample of 300 experts, local officials, and ordinary people. The collected data were analyzed using different statistics with the help of SPSS software and TOPSIS model.Studied Areas: The present study was conducted in the city of Torbat Heydariyeh. This city has the highest distressed urban testures but the least study has been done about it.Results: The results of the analysis of research findings show that the index of economic status of encouraging residents to accept the regeneration plan, is in the first place with an average of 3.06, the index of cultural categories is in the second place with an average of 2.99, and finally the index of social dimensions is in the third place with an average of 2.79. The findings showed that the best starting point for the regeneration project in this city is the Shahid Bahonar neighborhood, which has the highest score among the other three neighborhoods, and in Veblen's theory, it is the reference group.Conclusion: If city officials focus on this neighborhood instead of implementing the project in all distressed areas, and achieve deliverable results, the implementation costs will be significantly reduced while increasing the probability of success of the project. Manuscript profile
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        37 - The Potential of Blended Learning in Agricultural Education of Ireland
        Donna Deegan Padraig Wims Tony Pettit
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        38 - Challenges of Agroforestry Systems’ Adoption by Farmers in the North Central Zone of Nigeria
        Saliu J. Oluwagbemi T. Ifatimehin O.
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        39 - Analysis Gender Role and Factors Affecting Soil and Water Conservation Adoption in Kersa Districts of Eastern Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia: The Case of Fanya Juu, Soil and Stone Bund Measure
        Jafer Ahmed
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        40 - Constraints and Adoption of Practices in poultry production in the Northern Agricultural Zone of Delta State, Nigeria
        Ajieh Chuks C. O Oyibojoba
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        41 - Determinants of Adoption of Improved Maize Varieties in Zabzugu-Tatale Districts in the Northern Region of Ghana: A Case Study of Obaatanpa Variety
        Wahab Ibn Hassan Hamza Adam Osman Damba Tahidu
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        42 - Impact of Farmer Field Schools on Farmer`s Adoption of Wheat Production Technical Packages in Gezira Scheme, Sudan
        Ahmed Mirghani Abdel Rahman Wisal Abd Ebrahim Babiker Mohammed
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        43 - Effects of Adoption of Improved Maize Technology on Yield among Smallholder Maize Farmers in the Bawku West District of Upper East Region of Ghana
        John Akumbole Hamza Adam Hudu Zakaria
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        44 - Assessment of Adoption of Improved Fish Pond Management Technologies Among Fish Growers in Benue State, Nigeria
        Mtimbir Iornenge Mlumun Asema Yankyar Ukohol
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        45 - Adoption level on Organic Farming Practices by Fluted Pumpkin Vegetable Farmers in Enugu State, Nigeria
        Sunday Obazi Miracle Iheanyichukwu David Okoronkwo Kingsley Obasi Samuel Esheya
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        46 - Socio-economic and Farm-level Characteristics Influencing Adoption of Rice Production Technologies in Lavun Local Government Area of Niger State, Nigeria
        Umar Sheshi Isah
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        47 - Transformation in Smallholder Agriculture through Intensification in Ethiopia: Determinants and Implications
        Habtamu Yesigat
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        48 - The Influence of Socio-Economic Factors on Adoption of Fish Production Technologies among Community-Based Farmers in Cross River State, Nigeria
        Nwaobiala . Chioma Udo
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        49 - Determinants of Box Hive Promotion and Financial Benefits in Selected District Of Ethiopia
        Workneh Abebe Ranjan S. Karippai Ranjitha Puskur
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        50 - The Relationship between Achievement Motivation and Job Efficiency of Agricultural Faculty Staff, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar Branch
        Masoud Ahmadinejad Mahmoud Yaghoubidoost
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        51 - Analysis of Technology Attributes Influencing Non - Adoption of Apiary Production Technologies: The Case IFAD Bee Farmers in Cross River State, Nigeria
        Nwaobiala . Chioma Udo
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        52 - Effectiveness of Technology Dissemination and Adoption among Farmers in Cross-River State, Nigeria
        Agbarevo, M.N. Benjamin Nwachukwu Ephraim. O
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        53 - Assessment of the Adoption Rate of Technologies among Fadama III Farmers in Adamawa State, Nigeria
        Umar Adamu Madu
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        54 - The Effective Factors on the Adoption of Biological Control in Farmers' Field School by Rice Producers: The Case of Babol Township
        Hadi Moumeni Helali Amir Ahmadpour
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        55 - Farmers’ Perception and Adoption of Yam Minisett Technology in Anambra State
        Okoro B. O. Ajieh P. C.
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        56 - Influencing Factors on Adoption of Organic Farming from the Perspective of Horticulturists in Sari County, Iran
        رضا دینپناه
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        57 - عوامل تعیین‌کنندة میزان پذیرش ارقام اصلاح‌شدة سیب‌زمینی شیرین توسط کشاورزان نیجریه
        راشد آداولا کهینده اوگونلی ویلیامز ادئوله
        سیب زمینی شیرین (Ipomoea batatas) یکی از گیاهان غده‌ای پرمصرف در میان بسیاری از خانوارهای نیجریه است. این گیاه ارقام مختلف با رنگ پوست و گوشت متنوع دارد. سطح تولید این گیاه مهم همچنان بسیار پایین است که به امنیت غذایی لطمه می‌زند. سیب زمینی شیرین یکی از محصولات هدف در ب More
        سیب زمینی شیرین (Ipomoea batatas) یکی از گیاهان غده‌ای پرمصرف در میان بسیاری از خانوارهای نیجریه است. این گیاه ارقام مختلف با رنگ پوست و گوشت متنوع دارد. سطح تولید این گیاه مهم همچنان بسیار پایین است که به امنیت غذایی لطمه می‌زند. سیب زمینی شیرین یکی از محصولات هدف در برنامة فرصت‌های سرمایه‌گذاری بخش کشاورزی نیجریه است. بااین‌حال، تولید اصلاح‌شدة سیب زمینی شیرین هنوز در سطح وسیعی توسط کشاورزی ایالت اویو مورد استقبال قرار نگرفته است. درنتیجه، لازم بود عوامل مؤثر بر پذیرش ارقام اصلاح‌شدة سیب زمینی شیرین توسط کشاورزان این ایالت مورد بررسی قرار گیرد. داده‌ها از 350 زارعی جمع‌آوری شدند که به صورت تصادفی از دو ناحیة کشاورزی در این ایالت انتخاب شده بودند. داده‌های جمع‌آوری‌شده به کمک آمار توصیفی بررسی و ارائه شدند و با استفاده از مدل رگرسیون توبیت تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که اندازة مزرعه، سن، سطح تحصیلات رسمی، زودرسی، پتانسیل عملکرد بالا، دسترسی به بازار، مقاومت به آفات و بیماری‌ها و دسترسی به تاکستان‌ها تأثیر معنی‌دار بر پذیرش ارقام اصلاح‌شدة سیب زمینی شیرین داشت. دسترسی به تاکستان‌های ارقام اصلاح‌شده، پتانسیل عملکرد بالا، زودرسی، مقاومت به آفات و بیماری‌ها و دسترسی به بازار خصوصیات مربوط به فناوری بودند که هم بر پذیرش ارقام اصلاح‌شدة سیب زمینی شیرین و هم بر سطح کاربرد آنها تأثیرگذار بودند. بنابراین، این مطالعه نشان می‌دهد که ضروری است پژوهشگران برای کمک به افزایش پذیرش و استفاده از ارقام اصلاح‌شدة سیب زمینی شیرین، خصوصیات موردنظر کشاورزان را در برنامة‌ توسعة این ارقام لحاظ کنند. Manuscript profile
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        58 - Agricultural Cooperatives and Improved Technologies Adoption among Smallholder Farmers in Cocoa-Based Farming Systems of Southwestern Nigeria
        Ayodeji Kehinde
        Manuscript profile
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        59 - تحلیل عوامل موثر بر توسعه کشت کلزا در شهرستان های تبریز و مرند، ایران
        قادر دشتی باب ا... حیاتی نوشین بخشی محمد قهرمانزاده
        مطالعه حاضر با هدف شناساییو تحلیل عوامل موثر بر توسعه کشت کلزا در شهرستان­های تبریز و مرند انجام شده است. داده­های مقطعی 372 کشاورز توسط پرسشنامه جمع­آوری و توسط مدل سانسورشده تحلیل گردید. به دلیل ضعف مدل توبیت در تفکیک عوامل موثر بر پذیرش و عوامل موثر بر می More
        مطالعه حاضر با هدف شناساییو تحلیل عوامل موثر بر توسعه کشت کلزا در شهرستان­های تبریز و مرند انجام شده است. داده­های مقطعی 372 کشاورز توسط پرسشنامه جمع­آوری و توسط مدل سانسورشده تحلیل گردید. به دلیل ضعف مدل توبیت در تفکیک عوامل موثر بر پذیرش و عوامل موثر بر میزان پذیرش، مدل هکمن برای تفکیک سهم هردسته از این عوامل به کار رفت. نتایج برآورد مدل پروبیت در مرحله اول روش هکمن نشان داد که مالکیت ماشین­آلات تاثیر مهمی بر پذیرش کلزا داشت چنانچه با افزایش 1% مالکیت ماشین­آلات، احتمال پذیرش کشت کلزا 158/0 درصد افزایش یافت. تماسبا مروجان، سهم درآمد مزرعه­ای، سطح تحصیلات و تجربه کشاورز اثر مثبت بر احتمال پذیرش کلزا داشته و سن و تعداد قطعات زمین زراعی هر کشاورز نیز اثر منفی بر احتمال کشت کلزا داشتند. معنی­داری نسبت معکوس میلز نشان می­دهد که عوامل موثر بر شروع به کشت با عوامل موثر بر میزان کشت کلزا یکی نیستند. نتایج تخمین مرحله دوم هکمن نشان داد که مبلغ وام، سود نسبی کلزا و تعداد نیروی کار خانوادگی اثر مثبت و هزینه ماشین­آلات و فاصله زمین زراعی تا جاده در هر هکتار اثر منفی روی میزان سطح زیر کشت کلزا داشتند. سود نسبی موثرترین عامل بود به نحوی که 1% افزایش در سود نسبی منجر به 342/0 درصد افزایش در کشت کلزا می­شد. Manuscript profile
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        60 - -Empirical Assessment of Environmental and Health Risks in Intensive Poultry Production in Kwara State, Nigeria
        بوسلا آمولگبه خدیجت آبیمبولا عثمان موتیات اولاینکا آنیماشون جوبریل
        The study was designed to assess the environmental and health risks arising from intensive poultry production in Kwara State, Nigeria. A total of 120 poultry farmers in Kwara State under the Poultry Association of Nigeria (PAN) were selected randomly for the study, and More
        The study was designed to assess the environmental and health risks arising from intensive poultry production in Kwara State, Nigeria. A total of 120 poultry farmers in Kwara State under the Poultry Association of Nigeria (PAN) were selected randomly for the study, and structured questionnaires were administered. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and the linear regression. The study revealed that about 79.5% of the poultry farmers were literate, having completed at least a tertiary educational level. In addition, the results showed that the environmental and health issues were significant during production and processing. It was further revealed that the type of battery cage used and educational level of the farmers were positively significant, while the year of establishment was negatively significant when it comes to the adoption practices. This implies that the higher the level of education, the more likely farmers adopt improved practices. Moreover, it was observed that the majority of the poultry farmers do not abide by the environmental and public health laws and regulations; therefore, it is recommended that government should enforce strict supervisory agencies of the sanitation/health policies aiming at environmental preservation and protection. Manuscript profile
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        61 - Affective Factors in the Wheat Farmers’ Adoption of Farming Methods of Soil Management in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
        Soleiman Rasouliazar Saeid Fealy
        Soil Management (SM) is critical to human well-being that it is more important now because of meeting the high demands for food production and satisfying the needs of an increasing world population. Therefore, the purpose of this descriptivecorrelation study was to inve More
        Soil Management (SM) is critical to human well-being that it is more important now because of meeting the high demands for food production and satisfying the needs of an increasing world population. Therefore, the purpose of this descriptivecorrelation study was to investigate the effective factors on wheat farmers’ adoption of Farming Methods of Soil Management (FMSM). The research instrument was a structural questionnaire with close-ended questions, which its validity and reliability was confirmed. The target population included all wheat farmers in West Azerbaijan Province (N=24949) that among of them, 371 wheat farmers was chosen by using Krejcie & Morgan’s table through multi-stage sampling (n=371). The descriptive results showed the majority of farmers (237 or 63.90%) had moderate adoption of FMSM. These results also indicated farmers used three FMSM namely 1) using crop rotation, 2) using animal fertilizers, and 3) using soil testing more than others did. On the other hands, there were significant relationships between some of personal, farming, social, economic, and extension-education characteristics of farmers and the amount of their adoption of FMSM. Finally, stepwise regression analysis revealed that 35.30% (R2=0.353) of the variances in the amount of farmers' adoption of FMSM could be explained by the five variables namely farm size, knowledge about FMSM, the amount of extension contacts about FMSM, distance between farm and agricultural service centers, and the amount of attitude toward FMSM. Manuscript profile
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        62 - واکاوی عوامل مؤثر بر پذیرش و کاربرد آبیاری بارانی توسط کشاورزان در شهرستان فامنین، ایران
        Hassan Afrakhteh Maryam Armand Fatemeh Askari Bozayeh
        10.5455/ijamd.158625
        سرزمین پهناور ایران به دلیل قرار گرفتن در کمربند خشکی جهان، همواره با مشکل با کم آبی مواجه بوده است. در چنین شرایطی در بخش کشاورزی به عنوان بزرگترین و مهمترین مصرف کننده آب، باید اقداماتی در جهت افزایش بهره وری و بهبود بازده آبیاری از طریق گسترش فناوری های آب اندوز صورت More
        سرزمین پهناور ایران به دلیل قرار گرفتن در کمربند خشکی جهان، همواره با مشکل با کم آبی مواجه بوده است. در چنین شرایطی در بخش کشاورزی به عنوان بزرگترین و مهمترین مصرف کننده آب، باید اقداماتی در جهت افزایش بهره وری و بهبود بازده آبیاری از طریق گسترش فناوری های آب اندوز صورت گیرد. از این رو هدف از مطالعه حاضر، بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر توسعه و پذیرش آبیاری بارانی از سوی کشاورزان شهرستان فامنین می باشد. رویکرد غالب تحقیق پیمایشی است. جامعه آماری مورد مطالعه شامل کشاورزان شهرستان فامنین است که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، تعداد 280 نفر از آنها از طریق نمونه گیری طبقه ای-تصادفی چند مرحله ای و به تعداد مساوی از میان کشاورزان پذیرنده و نپذیرنده سیستم آبیاری بارانی انتخاب شدند. به منظور سنجش روایی پرسشنامه از نظر کارشناسان مربوطه استفاده شده و برای سنجش پایایی پرسشنامه، آماره آلفای کرونباخ به کار رفته که مقدار آن 82 درصد به دست آمده است. نتایج به دست آمده نشان می دهد که عوامل محیطی از قبیل سطح زیر کشت، وضعیت دسترسی به آب، کیفیت آب و عوامل غیر محیطی از قبیل تعداد نیروی کار خانوادگی، تنوع شغلی، شرکت در دوره های آموزشی و دانش فنی کشاورزان در زمینه مدیریت آب زراعی در پذیرش سیستم آبیاری بارانی تأثیر داشته اند و در نهایت مدل لاجیت تخمین زده شده است. همچنین کشاورزان پذیرنده طرح، عدم توجه به آموزش زارعان در مورد طریقۀ نگهداری بعد از اجرا و توجیه علمی و عملی آنها، در دسترس نبودن تعمیرکاران کارآمد، طراحی و اجرای نامناسب سیستم توسط شرکت ها، کیفیت پایین قطعات و اتصالات، گرفتگی آب پاش ها به دلیل شوری آب، عدم تناسب با شرایط محیطی، دشواری استفاده از ماشین آلات و اشغال مساحت زیاد توسط این سیستم ها، حمل و نقل سیستم، کمبود قطعات، نبود امنیت و سرقت قطعات و اتصالات و مالکیت اشتراکی منابع آب را به عنوان عوامل نارضایتی از تکنولوژی آبیاری بارانی مطرح کرده اند. Manuscript profile
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        63 - Effectiveness of Agricultural Training Centers’ Curriculum in Promoting Adoption of Agricultural Technologies: Evidence from Small-Scale Potato Farmers in Nyandarua County, Kenya
        Ronald O. Nyamwamu Justus M. Ombati John G. Mwangi
        Agricultural Training Centres (ATCs) promote crop and livestock development by providing extension information to farmers and serving as models of improved crop and livestock husbandry practices. Although potato farmers in Nyandarua County were trained on potato product More
        Agricultural Training Centres (ATCs) promote crop and livestock development by providing extension information to farmers and serving as models of improved crop and livestock husbandry practices. Although potato farmers in Nyandarua County were trained on potato production technologies, their average yield was ≤16 tonnes per hectare compared to the national potential of 30 tonnes. This study therefore sought to determine the effectiveness of ATCs’ curriculum in promoting farmers’ adoption of selected potato production technologies in Nyandarua County in Kenya. A survey design was used. Primary data was collected from 136 farmers trained at ATCs on potato production using interview schedules. The respondents were sampled through a five-stage technique. The data was analysed using T-test and ANOVA, then summarized into percentages. Study results showed that adoption of recommended potato production technologies produced high yields compared to traditional technologies. It was therefore concluded that ATCs’ curriculum was effective in promoting farmers’ adoption of potato seed selection, planting, crop protection and harvesting technologies. It is recommended that ATCs’ curriculum prioritise demonstrations that show the influence of clean seed, fertilizer application, timely harvesting and spacing on potato yields. Further, campaigns should be held to educate farmers on the importance of potato dehaulming to promote its adoption. In addition, farmer-based seed production programs should be started in the County aimed at ensuring ready availability of seed. Manuscript profile
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        64 - Perceptions of Constraints Affecting Adoption of Women-in-Agriculture Programme Technologies in the Niger Delta, Nigeria
        A. Akpabio Iniobong A. Etim Nsikak Abasi Sunday Okon
        The study focused on constraints affecting the adoption of innovative agricultural technologies disseminated by the Women-in-Agriculture (WIA) unit of the Akwa Ibom Agricultural Development Programme (AKADEP) to its women clientele. The study also ascertained the awaren More
        The study focused on constraints affecting the adoption of innovative agricultural technologies disseminated by the Women-in-Agriculture (WIA) unit of the Akwa Ibom Agricultural Development Programme (AKADEP) to its women clientele. The study also ascertained the awareness and adoption levels of such introduced technologies. Findings revealed that respondents were aware of 61.9% of introduced technologies, while only 33.3% were fully adopted. The study also identified seven factors responsible for the non-adoption of women farmers’ related technologies. The three highest ranking constraining factors were revealed as; high cost of inputs, low income level of women farmers and lack of regular contact with WIA extension agents. Reasons have been proffered for the relatively low technologies’ adoption levels. Recommendations have also been made to enhance the technology adoption level. These include the necessity to introduce only socio- economically and culturally compatible technologies to WIA clientele, a wholesale focus on follow-up activities after initial group based technology introduction activities, and the attachment of a credit scheme to the WIA program. Manuscript profile
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        65 - عوامل موثر بر پذیرش ریزغده بذری سیب‌زمینی درشهرستان اردبیل، ایران
        Asghar Bagheri
        هدف از این مطالعه بررسی عوامل موثر بر پذیرش ریزغده بذری  سیب­زمینی بود. این پژوهش به روش - پیمایشی انجام گرفت. نمونه­ای شامل 100 کشاورز سیب­زمینی کار که در باره ریزغده اطلاعات لازم را کسب کرده بودند انتخاب و به دو گروه پذیرنده و نپذیرنده تقسیم شدند. ابز More
        هدف از این مطالعه بررسی عوامل موثر بر پذیرش ریزغده بذری  سیب­زمینی بود. این پژوهش به روش - پیمایشی انجام گرفت. نمونه­ای شامل 100 کشاورز سیب­زمینی کار که در باره ریزغده اطلاعات لازم را کسب کرده بودند انتخاب و به دو گروه پذیرنده و نپذیرنده تقسیم شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده­ها پرسشنامه بود که روایی آن به وسیله گروهی از متخصصین تایید شد. برای به دست آوردن روایی ابزار  پژوهش، یک مطالعه راهنما انجام شد و مقادیر کرونباخ آلفا بین 87/0-77/0 به دست آمد. نتایج نشان داد که سایر کشاورزان به عنوان منبع اصلی اطلاعات پاسخگویان بودند. عملکرد بیشتر، تولید بذور سالم، بازارپسندی و کیفیت بالاتر محصول حاصل از ریزغده بذری  مهم­ترین دلایل پذیرش بودند. نپذیرندگان هزینه بالای ریزغده را  مهم­ترین عامل رد آن ذکر کرده بودند. نتیجه آزمون t نشان داد که پذیرندگان از ماشین آلات و ادوات بیشتری استفاده  می­کردند. نتایج دیگر این تحقیق نشان داد که از میان ویژگی­های واحد زراعی، تعداد قطعات مزارع ملکی تاثیر منفی معنی­داری بر پذیرش داشت. در مقابل، اندازه مزارع ملکی و سطح زیر کشت سیب زمینی ملکی تاثیر مثبت معنی­داری بر پذیرش داشتند. در بین خصوصیات فردی، سطح تحصیلات و تعداد اعضای با سواد خانوار دارای تاثیر مثتب ولی، سن و تجربه زراعی کشاورزان دارای تاثیر منفی بر پذیرش ریزغده بذری سیب زمینی بودند. Manuscript profile
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        66 - عوامل بازدارنده و تشویق‌کنندة پذیرش بیمه کشاورزی در نیجریه
        فائوسیات اُلاجید-آددامولا لقمان آبیودون آکینبیل
        ریسک‌های کشاورزی جزو چالش‌های مهم در نیجریه هستند. درنتیجه، نمی‌توان به راحتی از کنار اهمیت بیمة کشاورزی در مدیریت ریسک‌های مزرعه گذشت. با توجه به اینکه زیربخش محصولات زراعی حدود 85 درصد GDP کشاورزی در نیجریه را تشکیل می‌دهد، در این مطالعه به دنبال بررسی آگاهی و عوامل م More
        ریسک‌های کشاورزی جزو چالش‌های مهم در نیجریه هستند. درنتیجه، نمی‌توان به راحتی از کنار اهمیت بیمة کشاورزی در مدیریت ریسک‌های مزرعه گذشت. با توجه به اینکه زیربخش محصولات زراعی حدود 85 درصد GDP کشاورزی در نیجریه را تشکیل می‌دهد، در این مطالعه به دنبال بررسی آگاهی و عوامل مؤثر بر افزایش پذیرش بیمة کشاورزی توسط کشاورزان نیجریه هستیم. داده‌ها براساس یک برنامة مصاحبه از 310 کشاورزی جمع‌آوری شدند که به صورت تصادفی از سه منطقة اگرواکولوژیکی نیجریه انتخاب شده بودند. سپس این داده‌ها توسط فراوانی و درصد مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. اکثر کشاورزانی که از بیمة کشاورزی آگاه بودند (7/82 درصد) از آن استفاده نمی‌کردند. عوامل بازدارندة اصلی که ذکر شدند عبارتند از پیچیدگی روش‌ها (2/70 درصد)، دسترسی (9/64 درصد)، بهای بالا (2/63 درصد) و ملاحظات مذهبی/اخلاقی (2/41 درصد). ازنظر پاسخ‌دهنده‌ها مهمترین عوامل برانگیزاننده عبارتند از افزایش دسترسی محلی به دفاتر بیمة کشاورزی (4/88 درصد)، افزایش گرایش برای دریافت خسارت (1/87 درصد) و کاهش روش‌های بوروکراتیک (7/79 درصد). در این مطالعه، به این نتیجه می‌رسیم که آگاهی در میان عوامل اصلی تعیین‌کنندة پذیرش بیمة کشاورزی در نیجریه نیست. براساس نتایج پیشنهاد می‌شود که روش‌ها باید ساده‌سازی بشوند و دفاتر بیمة کشاورزی باید در هر منطقه در دسترس کشاورزان باشند. همچنین باید روش‌های بیمه بازطراحی بشوند تا کشاورزانی که به خاطر ملاحظات مذهبی/اخلاقی از پذیرش بیمة کشاورزی سربازمی‌زنند، نسبت به آن تشویق شوند. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        67 - Socio-Economic Factors Influencing Adoption of Energy–Saving Technologies among Smallholder Farmers: The Case of West Pokot County, Kenya
        Andiema Chesang Everlyne Nkurumwa Oywaya Agnes Amudavi Mulama David
        Fuel wood provides the main source of energy for cooking and space heating for over 80 percent of households living in Kenya. The heavy reliance on the biomass energy has exerted an imbalance in demand and supply consequently resulting in adverse environmental effects i More
        Fuel wood provides the main source of energy for cooking and space heating for over 80 percent of households living in Kenya. The heavy reliance on the biomass energy has exerted an imbalance in demand and supply consequently resulting in adverse environmental effects in Kenya. As part of innovation efforts, several energy-conserving technologies have been developed. A unique cook stove named Maendeleo was developed and promoted in Kenya and more so, West Pokot County, northern of Kenya, with the goal of reducing the quantity of wood households use for energy, and ultimately reduce pressure on local forests. However, despite the demonstrated technological multiple benefits and the institutional promotional efforts of the Maendeleo stove technology; the adoption level of this innovation has remained low. An important question investigated in this study was what makes potential users not utilize such valuable innovations? Socio-cultural, economic, political and institutional barriers are considered to contribute to low uptake of such innovations. This study therefore, sought to assess socio- economic factors influencing the adoption of the Maendeleo stove in the rural setting of Kapenguria Division. A survey research methodology with ex-post facto design was employed. The results showed that the age of the respondents had the highest influence on the non-adoption of the Maendeleo stove. Given the relatively low adoption level of Maendeleo stove in the county, and the projected increase in the number of people relying on biomass, this study recommends that the government and development partners put in place a programme for the promotion and dissemination of Maendeleo stove. There should be further investigation into the adoption behavior of the respondents on the reasons for non-adoption and discontinuance of use of the Maendeleo stove. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        68 - Analysis of technological factors influencing on adoption based on Rogers' diffusion of innovation theory: Case study Namaye Nashryat software
        Nourolah Ebadolahi Mozafar Cheshmeh Sohrabi Fatemeh Nooshinfard
        Purpose: The present study investigated the affective factors which brought technology to adopting Namaye Nashryat software by librarian in public libraries depended on the organization of public libraries of the country in 22 regions of Tehran. Methodology: This surve More
        Purpose: The present study investigated the affective factors which brought technology to adopting Namaye Nashryat software by librarian in public libraries depended on the organization of public libraries of the country in 22 regions of Tehran. Methodology: This survey was an analytical study. The participants consist of 131 librarian and the head of the libraries in public libraries. The census method was used. Questionnaire was utilized for collecting data. The collected data was analyzed using spss16 in both descriptive and analytic statistics. Descriptive statistics consist frequency, percentage and mean, while for analytic statistics Single-Sample T test and Pearson correlation coefficient were applied. Findings: The finding showed technological factors (relative advantage, adoption, easy to use, Trainability and observability) were affective in Namaye Nashryat technology adoption by librarian in public library in Tehran. There was a significant positive and direct relation with adoption. Moreover, the adoption and complexity are recognized respectively as the strongest and the weakest affective factor in technology adoption. Conclusion: Results showed that all technological factors have been affecting the adoption of these technologies. Therefore, it is recommended that in the beginning arrival and deployment of information technologies to libraries, necessary and adequate educations be trained to the  librarians, and also library managers and buyers Software libraries when buying and deployment of information technologies, were considered the technology characteristics: relative advantage, complexity (ease of use), adaptation, Trainability and visibility. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        69 - Sociological study of the social status of women based on socio-political components (Case Study: Women in Sanandaj)
        یعقوب احمدی زربانو فیضی behzad hakiminya
        Today due to the role and position of women in the development of countries, their position has increased, the social status of women is one of the issues through which women can be identified as a higher or lower position in society. The purpose of this research is to More
        Today due to the role and position of women in the development of countries, their position has increased, the social status of women is one of the issues through which women can be identified as a higher or lower position in society. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of socio-political components on women's social status. The method of this descriptive study is correlation based on survey technique. Data was collected using a multi-stage cluster sampling method from 382 women aged 35-35 years old in Sanandaj using a researcher-made questionnaire. Findings of the study show that all independent variables are related to the social status. The overall conclusion of the study is that the social status of women in Sanandaj has changed, and these results confirmed the views of Inccell and Smith on the impact of education, Inglehart and Welzell on the impact of democracy and McClelland's theory on the impact of advancement on women's social status. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        70 - Exploration and validation of the antecedents and consequences of block chain acceptance in Iranian financial markets with fuzzy approach
        Hamed Heidari Morteza Mousakhani Mahmood Alborzi Ali Divandari Reza Radfar
        The purpose of this study is to identify and validate the antecedents and consequences of blockchain acceptance in Iranian financial markets in order to provide the necessary background for assessing the readiness of financial markets for accepting blockchain technology More
        The purpose of this study is to identify and validate the antecedents and consequences of blockchain acceptance in Iranian financial markets in order to provide the necessary background for assessing the readiness of financial markets for accepting blockchain technology. The implications and implications of blockchain acceptance at four levels, 12 variables, and 53 indices have been extracted from similar research literature in e-commerce and mobile banking. To validate the research indices, in addition to the documentary study, a fuzzy Delphi technique was used to refine the indices, the survey was carried out in three stages, and the results of each step were refined. Data analysis has confirmed 39 indicators. In fact, the results of this study provide useful insights for financial market researchers and policy makers in Iran to evaluate these factors so that they can utilize blockchain applications in the Iranian financial markets by changing the business model used in financial markets. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        71 - Investigation of effective parameters on innovation adoption of "Soil Test” by cereal planters in Qom province
        S.D. Hajimirrahimi Y. Yazdian
        Most farmers use fertilizers and herbicides on the basis of their interests and local experience rather than the expert’s recommendations. They use just two kinds of fertilizers, Urea and Ammonium Phosphate. Nowadays, most of them had not enough information about More
        Most farmers use fertilizers and herbicides on the basis of their interests and local experience rather than the expert’s recommendations. They use just two kinds of fertilizers, Urea and Ammonium Phosphate. Nowadays, most of them had not enough information about the plant’s common elements such as Potassium and Sulfur and the microelement such as Iron, Zinc and Magnesium have been ignored. In order to behave appropriate against using fertilizers, innovation of "soil test" became important during a last decade. But the present condition shows that there is very difference from it and the expectations. This research was carried out for analyzing technical communicational variables effective in the receptionist of "soil test" by Qom’s cereal planters. It was a survey research and the statistical universe of 2455 farmers was covered guiding and supporting services of the soil test’s innovation that was identified by classification sampling in four areas covered by 184 people when using Kukran’s formula as the samples. Data collection approach was a questionnaire that its validity is confirmed by calculating Cornbach’s alpha coefficient. Results showed that 67.4% of farmer didn’t accept “soil test” as effective factor. The variables related to knowledge level of cereal planter’s in respect with "soil test", the degree of the relationship between the farmer and the information supplier, the common participation level, the individual’s social position, their motion level for farming and job satisfaction, their being able to reach the institutes and their being able to use agricultural and governmental credits have a positive and meaningful relation to acceptance of that subject. The development of a collaboration related to the education unit of jihad Agriculture ministry with the institute relation to educating the cereal planters to be able to write for increasing their studies, using different ways of extension them, such as: holding the exhibition and broadcasting programs related to the importance and necessity of "soil test", their focusing more on companies and agricultural associations and long term and comprehensive planning for the extension workers and experts and continuous relations to the farms for continuous control in this fact that how "soil test" is implemented. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        72 - Explaining the Strategic model for management process of accepts, transfer and diffusion of new media technologies in Iranian audience perspective.
        babak rahnavard kamran mohamadkhani aliakbar farhangi amirhosain mohamad davodi
        At the present time acceleration technology advances and increased understanding of the strategic implications of technology, especially has been very important for media managers, today the duty of a converting of media technology into a competitive advantage. Technolo More
        At the present time acceleration technology advances and increased understanding of the strategic implications of technology, especially has been very important for media managers, today the duty of a converting of media technology into a competitive advantage. Technology can be used as a target or final product. With the advent of digital convergence that is possible through a new form of media emerge and be forward-thinking media executives, as well as analyze the media environment and notice of the change process forward so that he will comply with the conditions of future policies and strategy, media plan. According to ICT infrastructure development and increase in Internet users in our country Iran, the audience interaction with modern media technology has a written policy requiring According to Iranian interests and audience desires strategy for adoption and transfer of modern media technologies be developed at the individual level In this paper the qualitative research approach, the impact of convergence on the characteristics of the audience, content and new media technologies survey and the extent and terms of admission, transfer and dissemination of new media technology from the perspective of media industry experts will introduce and finally strategic model from the impact of convergence on adoption of new media and technology transfer will be explained. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        73 - Guardianship and adoption in Shahnameh Ferdowsi according to convention of children’s rights (1989)
        somayeh ershadi Ahmad Zakeri
        Abstract The relationship between guardianship and adoption is a legal one.  It has certain characteristics and necessitates special circumstances which according to its historical background and particular outlook in ancient Persia, various examples of it are seen More
        Abstract The relationship between guardianship and adoption is a legal one.  It has certain characteristics and necessitates special circumstances which according to its historical background and particular outlook in ancient Persia, various examples of it are seen in Shahnameh.  The purpose of this study is to examine different aspects of the rights of these adopted children in Shahnameh and to analyze the cases according to the articles of the convention of children’s rights.  This document, Shahnameh is the first international agreement which supports the children’s rights and respects the same rights and privileges of a natural child for the adopted ones to the best interests of child.  Different studies demonstrate that the guardianship and adoptions in Shahnameh had roots in social, political, and cultural factors and the economic coercion by no means had any role in the affair, the main concern being the cultivation and raising of children irrespective of winning the benefits gained in the process.  The overall attention of the guardians towards the rights of these children are indeed praiseworthy. The emotional aspect in particular is an integral part of the guardian’s responsibility unlike the weak performances  seen from some families in this regard.    Keywords: Guardianship, adoption, the convention of children’s rights, child, Shahnameh Ferdowsi. Manuscript profile

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