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Open Access Article
1 - Estimating Conditional VaR Using Symmetric and Non-Symmetric Autoregressive Models in Old and Oil Markets
Saeid Fallahpour Fatemeh Rezvani Mohammadreza RahimiPrice volatility on gold and oil market is the top news all the time. Global economy isaffected by those markets volatility. Because of the domestic investor tendency in goldmarket and feasibility of investing on oil by Energy Exchange in Iran, in this paper wefocus on MorePrice volatility on gold and oil market is the top news all the time. Global economy isaffected by those markets volatility. Because of the domestic investor tendency in goldmarket and feasibility of investing on oil by Energy Exchange in Iran, in this paper wefocus on the volatility of gold and oil return. The implemented method is one-day aheadout of sample forecast by the conditional value at risk.The goal of this paper is to answer which of the models; GARCH, ECHARCH, andTARCH is best at forecasting the CVaR for gold and oil return. We estimate the value byassuming normal and t-student distribution.The results show that the TGARH(1,1) model specifications are good option forforecasting the CVaR in oil market by t-student distribution Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Statistical Investigation and Comparative Assessment of the Non-Performing Assets of Indian Commercial Banks
A. Garg -
Open Access Article
3 - Application of Pollution Haven Hypothesis in identifying dirty industries Evidence of iran-china commercial relationship
Reza Akhbari Hamid AmadehBackground and Objective: In all societies, economic growth and development appear kind of main goal but they also have negative side effects on other fields such as environment. In recent year, lots of discussion about negative side effects of globalization and free tr MoreBackground and Objective: In all societies, economic growth and development appear kind of main goal but they also have negative side effects on other fields such as environment. In recent year, lots of discussion about negative side effects of globalization and free trade without restrictions has been done and with proposing the Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH), the massive share of trade and the importance of globalization in transferring pollutants have been revealed. Method: In this study we used ARDL (Auto Regressive Distributed Lag) approach to cointegration and bounds test to identify long run relationships between variables in the PHH models about Iran-China trade relationship. All data that we used are in time series format and including 1987-2004. We separate dirty industry from green ones by ISIC codes. Four codes about dirty industries were identified and based on them we present five models that included four models for each ISIC codes that were introduced and one models to examine this subject that if all for goods were aggregated, can the PHH still true? Findings: Results show that Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is N shaped, the share of manufacturing products in CO2 emission is enormous, PHH from Iran to China is accepted about 34 and 35 ISIC codes, dirty industries that we export their products are pollution intensive about 35 and 36 ISIC codes. Discussion and Conclusion: The evidence highlights the need to look at the imported goods related to dirty industries in details because now it is clear that PHH may be existed if the examination was perform in the detailed level with looking at dirty industries. This approach to investigating of PHH can help policy makers to identify the green and dirty industries exactly and improve the environmental condition that we live in. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - A New Approach to Evaluate the Performance of Value-at-risk Estimators, Using Genetic Algorithms
Seyed Ali Nabavi Chashmi Hamze Pourbabagol Ahmad Dadashpoor OmraniValue at Risk (VaR) is the maximum loss which could be incurred within a given time horizon, except for a small percentage, that its application has sharply increased after the 90s. Parallel to the increase in usage of value-at-risk in risk management are MoreValue at Risk (VaR) is the maximum loss which could be incurred within a given time horizon, except for a small percentage, that its application has sharply increased after the 90s. Parallel to the increase in usage of value-at-risk in risk management areas, validation of VaR measures has gain great importance. In prevalent back testing approaches, returns which are yielded from VaR estimators are not regarded as a criterion. It's may not be desirable for the investors who emphasize on return more than the risk. What distinguishes this study from other researches in the field of back testing VaR estimation models is the simultaneous consideration of actual return and loss(CVaR) which were yielded from VaR estimators as criteria of risk and return that are the primary basis for financial studies. On the other hand, due to relativeness of risk and return in terms of investors, we considered the weight of these two indexes as fuzzy. In this paper, we constitute and optimize our risky portfolio with safety-first investor's rule. We need to estimate quantile of risky portfolio's return in objective function of safety-first investor's rule to optimize the portfolio. VaR estimators were used to calculate it. On the other hand, given the non- convexity of VaR function and also other reasons, we applied one of the most popular meta-heuristic models namely genetic algorithms for optimization. Our findings show that GEV and HS models are more conservative than parametric models (t-student and normal) and also have better performance in portfolio optimization. The empirical findings also indicate that safety-first investor will choose significantly different amounts of borrowing. Thus, the scale of the risky portfolio and the amount borrowed is diverse across methods. There is another interesting finding. Despite the computational simplicity of historical simulation method, it has shown the best performance of all. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - The use of stress testing in regulatory and supervisory perspectives
Ali Salehabadi Meysam AllahyariThere is significant difference in the behavior of risk factors in the general economic conditions and in crisis situations (eg financial crises). Under normal conditions, the behavior of risk factors can be easier to predict because their behavior does not change in th MoreThere is significant difference in the behavior of risk factors in the general economic conditions and in crisis situations (eg financial crises). Under normal conditions, the behavior of risk factors can be easier to predict because their behavior does not change in the short to medium term noticeably. Therefore, the behavior in the future can be predicted from past performance. However, in critical situations, the behavior of risk factors is very unpredictable and past behavior doesn’t help predict future behavior. Hence we need another tool to measure risk as "stress test". Stress tests can be done from the micro and macro perspective. Micro perspective means that each of the financial institutions, especially banks may use this method for their risk management. And macro perspective means that the supervisory authorities on financial institutions can use this method to evaluate the risk of the financial system and to regulate the policies. As regard that research’s approach is using of macro stress testing as a tool for risk management in crisis situations, initially we will investigate of the using the stress test in the risk management and implementation in the micro level will be stated briefly, then we will discussed why and how the design and implementation of stress testing at macro perspective and its usage in supervisory and regulatory perspective. Finally a real example of the use of stress testing at the macro level by the supervisory authorities on financial institutions in Australia in 2005 will be explain. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The Comparison of Two Multiple Testing Methods for Outliers Detection in Nonparametric Profile Monitoring
M. Rajabi MR. Faridrohani -
Open Access Article
7 - The Interactive Role of an Auditor's Expertise in the Relationship between Abnormal Transactions with Biased People and Financial Statement Fraud: Testing Agency Theory
Amirali Bandarian Saeid Emami Dehcheshmeh Khatereh KargarpurPurpose: The objective of the present study is to review the interactive role of an auditor's expertise in the relationship between abnormal transactions with biased people and financial statement fraud with an emphasis on testing the agency theory in Tehran Stock Excha MorePurpose: The objective of the present study is to review the interactive role of an auditor's expertise in the relationship between abnormal transactions with biased people and financial statement fraud with an emphasis on testing the agency theory in Tehran Stock Exchange.Methods: With respect to the type of data in this research, logistic regression has been used. The statistical sample consisted of 118 corporations from 2014 to 2021, which were chosen by systematic removal.Results: The results showed that segments of abnormal transactions with biased people increase financial statement fraud. Moreover, an auditor's expertise moderates the intensity of positive relationships between abnormal transactions with biased people and financial statement fraud.Conclusions: With regard to the agency theory, the motivation behind abnormal transactions with biased people is that they want to seize the corporation's capital and that the managers distort financial statements in order to conceal the truth. Furthermore, since the specialist auditors monitor a great portion of the industrial corporations, they are of an expertise and experience above other accountants; therefore, they are more capable to detect financial statement deviation and fraud in terms of abnormal transactions with biased people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Design, Manufacture and Environmental Tests of Battery Pack for Spacecraft Freights
Hossein Bolandi Moharram Ghahremani Darvish Masoud Hasanian -
Open Access Article
9 - Experimental Investigation on Process Parameters of Dissimilar Double-Layered Wire Produced by Modified Friction Stir Extrusion Process
Masoud Yavari Nouri S. M. Hossein Seyedkashi Moosa Sajed -
Open Access Article
10 - Non-Destructive Assessment of Concrete Quality Produced with Riverbed Sand and Drainage Sand as Fine Aggregates
Aderemi__A__Alabi Alabi Ayobami__Eniola__Agboola Agboola Joseph__Olawale__Akinyele Akinyele Victor MakindeIn this work, the effect of fine aggregates from two different sources on the quality and strength of concrete was determined using UPV measurements. The concrete samples were produced using a nominal mix ratio of 1: 1½: 3 and water-cement ratio of 0.55, with three diff MoreIn this work, the effect of fine aggregates from two different sources on the quality and strength of concrete was determined using UPV measurements. The concrete samples were produced using a nominal mix ratio of 1: 1½: 3 and water-cement ratio of 0.55, with three different aggregate sizes (3/8, ½ and ¾ inches) of granite mixed separately with sand obtained from Ogun river and a local drainage in Abeokuta, Southwestern, Nigeria. UPV was measured through each sample on days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 after curing using Pundit lab+ equipment. Comparison of the actual compressive strength and estimated compressive strengths from equations generated for each sample type using the crushed samples on the 7th and 28th days respectively shows that most estimations were within the acceptable ±20% variation. Results show that there is no significant difference between the samples made from using either of the two fine aggregates. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Designing and Validating a Model for Successful English Learning: How Socially-Mediated Testing Can Make a Difference
Fatemeh Sadat Alamdar Shahram Afraz Fazlollah SamimiIn this study, the investigator sought to explore the perceptions and attitudes of Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners towards the use of Socially Mediated Testing (SMT) in their English learning process. The primary aim was to identify the factors that MoreIn this study, the investigator sought to explore the perceptions and attitudes of Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners towards the use of Socially Mediated Testing (SMT) in their English learning process. The primary aim was to identify the factors that significantly influence their learning experience when using SMT. The research process began with in-depth interviews of 50 EFL learners, aiming to gain a qualitative understanding of their thoughts and experiences with SMT. Based on the insights obtained from these interviews, the researcher developed a questionnaire tailored to capture the nuances of these learners' experiences. This questionnaire, consisting of 25 items, was then distributed to a larger sample of 475 EFL students. In the end, the researcher was able to identify four variables after using exploratory factor analysis to identify the factors. The 25-item questionnaire was then given to 785 EFL students, who chose each item on a Likert scale. The factor structure of the instrument was verified by the researcher using structural equation modeling (SEM). To determine if the suggested model matched the data, the researcher used the measurement with the best fit. The fit indices were estimated using the original EFA structure, which contained four factors and 25 elements. As a result, the researcher created a model that can be used as a respectable foundation for SMT research that will take place in Iran in the future, where such specific insights are unavailable in this politically distinct EFL setting. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - The Relationship Between Teachers' Instruction Procedures and Job Burnout
Azizeh Chalak Parviz Birjandi S. Esmail Hosseini Ahmad Reza Jafari Dehkordi Omid Tabatabaei Sondos Mansouri Amir Farzad Ashouri Mansour Koosha Sahar Najarzadegan Ahmad Reza Lotfi MohammadAli Nadi Mohsen Salimian Fakhri Shatalebi Nader Soleimani Mansoor Tavakoli Omid Tabatabaei Hossein Bagheri Hossein Heidari Tabrizi Zahra Fotovatnia GholamReza Akbari Behrouz Nouri Samani Safura Masaeli GholamReza Zareie Naser Abasszadeh Narges SaeedianThe purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between teacher instruction procedure and job burnout. The participants in this study were 140 teachers (males=87,females=53) at secondary schools in Garmsar. Two instruments were used to collect data. The teacher MoreThe purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between teacher instruction procedure and job burnout. The participants in this study were 140 teachers (males=87,females=53) at secondary schools in Garmsar. Two instruments were used to collect data. The teachers' instruction procedure was measured by the use of a researcher made questionnaire (with three dimensions of instruction as direct, semi‐direct and indirect). The job burnout (namely: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decreased professional efficacy) was measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The data were analyzed using the Pearson product‐moment correlation technique, Chi‐Square test and regression. The major findings were as follows: 1) A signiicant relationship between total teachers' nstruction procedure and total burnout. 2) A positive relationship between teachers' direct instruction procedure and job burnout. 3) A Negative relationship between teachers' indirect instruction procedure and job burnout. 4) No significant relationship between teachers' semi‐direct instruction procedure and job burnout. 5) A positive relationship was found between teachers' direct instruction procedure with each three dimensions of job burnout (Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and reduced personal accomplishment). 6) A signiicantly negative relationship was found separate between teachers' direct instruction with each dimension of job burnout. 7) There was no relationship between teachers' semi‐direct instruction procedure with each three dimensions of job burnout. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - Constraint Search based Test Data Generation to cover Prime Paths in Structural Testing
Ebrahim Fazli Mojtaba AajamiThis paper presents a novel scalable Constraint Search Based method forTest Data Generation, called CSBTDG, used in structural testing. CSBTDG outperforms existing methods for test data generation in several orders of magnitude, both in time and constraint efficiency. S MoreThis paper presents a novel scalable Constraint Search Based method forTest Data Generation, called CSBTDG, used in structural testing. CSBTDG outperforms existing methods for test data generation in several orders of magnitude, both in time and constraint efficiency. Search-based software testing is a powerful automated method to generate test inputs for software under test. Its goal is to reach a branch or a statement in a program. One major limitation of this approach is an insufficiently informed fitness function to start and guide search toward a test target within nested predicates (constraints). Another important limitation of this approach about equality constraints. To address these problems we propose a new search method based on integrating constraint programming using choco constraint solver and the Gray Wolf heuristic search algorithm. Preliminary experiments promise efficiency and effectiveness for the new constraint search based test data generation approach using multiple fitness functions.Test data generation is done by solving constraints related to test paths extracted from the program under test [3][2]. In general, the constraint solving problem of the test paths is a sub problem of a wider set of problems called constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) [4]. Formally, a constraint satisfaction problem is defined as a triple (X, D, C). X represents a set of variables, D is a set of range of values for variables and C is a set of constraints. Constraint satisfaction is the process of finding solutions for a set of constraints that satisfy the conditions imposed on the variables. Evaluation of variables is a function of a subset of variables to a specific set of values in the corresponding domains. The proposed solution is called consistent evaluation if none of the constraints are violated. An evaluation is a complete evaluation if it includes all variables. If the assessment is consistent and complete, it is a solution. It is said that such evaluation is a solution to the constraint satisfaction problem. Therefore, a solution is a set of values for the variables that satisfy all the constraints, that is, a point in the feasible region. The main innovation of this article is to present a cooperation model to exchange information between the solver and the searcher. In this model of data generation, the test solver is an initial setup to assign values to some variables to start searching for the meta-heuristic algorithm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - Mediating EFL learners’ overall and lexical writing skills in English classrooms: The case of receptive and productive types of vocabulary testing
Dariush Aliakbari Morteza Aslrasouli Davud KuhiThe research on both receptive and productive vocabulary knowledge has attracted the attention of researchers, however, there is paucity of studies in these strategies on productive skills’ enhancement. Hence, this study aimed at finding the effects of receptive a MoreThe research on both receptive and productive vocabulary knowledge has attracted the attention of researchers, however, there is paucity of studies in these strategies on productive skills’ enhancement. Hence, this study aimed at finding the effects of receptive and productive types of vocabulary testing on overall and lexical writing performance of Iranian EFL learners. Multiple-choice format of cloze tests and C-tests were selected as receptive and productive forms of vocabulary testing, respectively. For this purpose, 60 Iranian EFL learners with the age range of 20 to 27 at the intermediate level took part in this study. The data gathering tools were Oxford placement test, a writing pretest, a writing posttest, and a rubric. The students were randomly assigned to one control group and two experimental groups whose vocabulary knowledge was assessed using Cloze tests and C-tests. The results of one-way ANOVA showed that using both C-tests and multiple-choice format of Cloze tests was effective in enhancing learners’ overall and lexical aspect of writing performance. The quantitative results approved by the semi-structured interviews from the C-test group that represented more positive attitudes towards the strategy. Analysis of the students’ responses revealed that they found C-tests more effective in improving their active vocabulary knowledge that assisted them in writing better essays. The findings of this study might provide new insights for language teachers and curriculum designers to apply receptive and productive measure of vocabulary to improve different aspects of the writing ability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - A Qualitative Study of Washback Effects of MSRT Test on Iranian PhD Candidates’ Attitudes toward English Language Learning Skills
Nafiseh Lashgari Samad Mirza SuzaniIn Iran, the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (MSRT) examination is a high-stakes test that has the potential to cause varying levels of washback at both individual and societal levels. Despite its significance for candidates, there appears to be insufficien MoreIn Iran, the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (MSRT) examination is a high-stakes test that has the potential to cause varying levels of washback at both individual and societal levels. Despite its significance for candidates, there appears to be insufficient emphasis on investigating the washback, particularly the impact of MSRT on the English language learning skills of Iranian candidates. Thus, the current research aimed to investigate the modifications that Iranian doctoral students regarded as more advantageous in utilizing the MSRT module for the purpose of English education. With this objective in mind, a survey based on the MSRT washback was administered to a group of 150 PhD students selected from Islamic Azad universities located in Shiraz and Marvdasht, who varied in terms of their gender, age, and field of study. A mixture of stratified and convenience sampling methods was employed to choose the study participants. In the second stage of the research, a purposive sampling approach was used to select 30 PhD candidates from the same population to participate in the semi-structured interviews. The findings from the data analysis revealed both favorable and unfavorable consequences of MSRT washback. In addition, it was observed that MSRT preparation did not adequately equip the students with English listening and speaking skills, which are crucial for their academic English needs, in contrast to their reading and writing capabilities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - The Study of The Most and The Least Influential Socially-Mediated Testing Factors on Learning among University Students
Fatemeh Sadat Alamdar Shahram Afraz Fazlollah Samimi -
Open Access Article
17 - Examining Student-Generated Vocabulary Testing Factors Influencing Autonomy among Iranian EFL Learners
Kolsoum Ghasemi Shahram Afraz Fazlollah Samimi -
Open Access Article
18 - The relationship between God and man in the works of Jami
zahra ghezelsofla akbar shaebani mohammad fazeliGod, as the creator of man, has been in contact with him from the beginning of man's creation, and this relationship has expanded with the entry into the universe. The relationship between man and God and the mutual presence of this kind of relationship is one of the fu MoreGod, as the creator of man, has been in contact with him from the beginning of man's creation, and this relationship has expanded with the entry into the universe. The relationship between man and God and the mutual presence of this kind of relationship is one of the fundamental issues in the field of Islamic mysticism. Man, as the Ashraf of creatures, has a valuable position among all of God's creations, which has given God special attention and attention to this caliph. Most artists, especially Persian poets, have dedicated their work to the relationship between man and the absolute Creator. Jami is one of the most prominent figures in Persian literature who seeks to address all aspects of his personality, precision, study, and exuberance with sufficient mastery over certain sciences.The relationship between God and man is one of the key points in Jami's poetry. The present study, with a descriptive-analytical approach, examines the relationship between God and man and analyzes the concepts related to this field in Jami'ah poetry. The results of this study indicate that the relationship between God and man in Jami'ah poetry has been applied in three ways: 1. Revelation, Verses, and Apocalyptic Verses 2. Creation and guidance 3. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
19 - A Classification Framework of Test Models in Model-based Testing
Arash Sabbaghi -
Open Access Article
20 - A Framework for Model-based Testing
Arash Sabbaghi -
Open Access Article
21 - A Novel Automated Random Based Test Case Generation Approach
Arash SabbaghiTesting activities takes 50% of overall cost of software development process. In order to perform software testing, a set of test cases should be generated. Generating this set is so time consuming and have a direct impact on the cost of software testing. Without automa MoreTesting activities takes 50% of overall cost of software development process. In order to perform software testing, a set of test cases should be generated. Generating this set is so time consuming and have a direct impact on the cost of software testing. Without automation, this process is slow, expensive and error prone. In this paper, a new approach in order to generate test cases based on random testing by combining static and dynamic information is proposed. The proposed approach generates test cases by utilizing the simple nature of random testing and also using the information which can be gained by the source code that leads to improve in the performance of random testing. The experimental results indicate an increase in the test case generation speed and also quality of test suite. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
22 - Fault Detection of Cylinder- head automotive Using Mechanical Waves and Intelligent Techniques
Mojtaba Doustmohammadi Morteza Mohammadzaheri Ehsan JamshidiSafety of machinery parts, it is important for users and defects as one of the most important parts of threats to the health of the pieces have always been considered. In this paper, a new method based on the use of artificial neural networkDetection Pridecylinder head MoreSafety of machinery parts, it is important for users and defects as one of the most important parts of threats to the health of the pieces have always been considered. In this paper, a new method based on the use of artificial neural networkDetection Pridecylinder head into mechanical waves is presented. Then, for verification and validation of the finite element model , modal test piece , and after confirming the fault simulation is performed on a finite element model. Force simulation model (FEM) acceleration signal - the healthy and faulty models calculated for each fault. And with the signing of mechanical defects ( acceleration difference between healthy and faulty models ) and to train a multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP) , the difference between the acceleration signal to the associated fault location. Detectionautomotive cylinder head (estimated fault location) has been. The results of the neural network capabilities designed to estimate the fault location on a good show. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
23 - استفاده ار تکنیک برش برنامه برای کاهش هزینه های تست نرم افزار
اصغر محمدیان بهمن آراسته -
Open Access Article
24 - Design of Accelerated Life Testing Plans for Products Exposed to Random Usage
Kamyar Sabri-Laghaie Rassoul Noorossana -
Open Access Article
25 - The relationship between social capital and political participation of citizens 18 to 40 years in Marand
Mohammad Imani Samad Rasoulzadeh AgdamThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social capital and political participation of citizens 18 to 40 years in Marand. The current study was descriptive-analytic and in terms of purpose it is functional. The population of the study is all cit MoreThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social capital and political participation of citizens 18 to 40 years in Marand. The current study was descriptive-analytic and in terms of purpose it is functional. The population of the study is all citizens (18 to 40) in Marand and the sample of the study is 381 people who were selected by Cochran Formula. To collect data two questionnaires of political participation (Ting Chang 2009) and social capital (Nahapiet and Ghoshal 1998) were used. Data analysis of variance and regression analysis was performed using the software spss 19. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between social capital and political participation of citizens 18 to 40 years in Marand. As well as there is a significant relationship between social capital and political participation dimensions (participation in elections, electoral activities, contacts with politicians, protesting activities and membership in political groups) among citizens 18 and 40 in Marand Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
26 - Investigation of Roll Bonding between AA5083 Strips
Mohammad Sedighi mohammad heydari vini Pedram Farhadipour -
Open Access Article
27 - Relationship between Iranian EFL High School Students’ Knowledge of Universal Grammar and their Performance on Standardized General English Proficiency Tests
Mohammad Mahdi Sharifi Ahmadreza Lotfi -
Open Access Article
28 - A Mini Review of Insulation Testing Techniques for Power Cables in Transmission Lines
Pooya Parvizi Alireza Mohammadi Amidi Milad Jalilian Hana Parvizi -
Open Access Article
29 - Dry Friction and Wear Performance of Micro Surface Textures Generated by Ultrasonic Assisted Face Turning
Hossein Nouri Hosseinabadi Masoud Farahnakian -
Open Access Article
30 - Complementary Relationship between Dynamic Assessment and Traditional Testing
Ogholgol NazariThere have been different approaches to assess students’ learning in language teaching classes. Traditional standardized testing and dynamic assessment have been used in language classes. While traditional testing is considered a product-oriented approach, dynamic MoreThere have been different approaches to assess students’ learning in language teaching classes. Traditional standardized testing and dynamic assessment have been used in language classes. While traditional testing is considered a product-oriented approach, dynamic assessment is believed to focus on the process of learning and assist it. Existing literature is replete with different definitions of dynamic assessment. However, different attempts in defining dynamic assessment mainly contrast it with traditional testing. This has resulted in the conception that these two approaches are contradictory and their complementary relationship is not well acknowledged. This article, taking a postmodernist perspective, in general, chaotic/complexity view point in particular, and advocating a relativistic perspective, is an attempt to highlight the complementary relationship between these two approaches i.e., traditional testing and dynamic assessment. In so doing, it deals with defining and comparing these two approaches and considers two views on their relationship including their contradictory and complementary relationships. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
31 - Developing a model for predicting student performance on centralized test Based on Data Mining
mostafa yousefi Tezerjan Esrafil Ala Maryam MollabagherThe aim of this study is to provide a model for predicting University of Applied Science & Technology students' scores in centralized exams in the coming semesters of the university. For this purpose, the status of the 19/207 student/ course grades has been studied MoreThe aim of this study is to provide a model for predicting University of Applied Science & Technology students' scores in centralized exams in the coming semesters of the university. For this purpose, the status of the 19/207 student/ course grades has been studied in 8 courses in 6 provinces and 28 educational centers, that have been held in an associate's and bachelor's degree level and concurrently across the country in the second semester of 1397-98 And by using the feature selection method, the most effective ones were selected. To clarify the relationships between the selected features and the decision tree model with C5.0 algorithm using SPSS Modeler software, with 10 effective indicators, a model for predicting students' scores in the next semester is presented in the courses approved for the centralized exam. This predictive model can be effective in making the learning process more efficient in the academic system. The results of these models include suggestions for modifying the test process, finding students and centers, and out-of-pattern conditions for further monitoring and identifying centers whose students' average GPAs were high but poor on the centralized test. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
32 - Effect of Socially-Mediated Testing Factors on Iranian EFL University Students
Fatemeh Sadat Alamdar Shahram Afraz Fazlolah SamimiThis study aimed at investigating the socially-mediated testing factors affecting Iranian university EFL students. The necessity to understand these factors to foster language learning gets bolder when one attempts to investigate them in settings, like that of the Islam MoreThis study aimed at investigating the socially-mediated testing factors affecting Iranian university EFL students. The necessity to understand these factors to foster language learning gets bolder when one attempts to investigate them in settings, like that of the Islamic Republic of Iran, where English as a foreign language has witnessed great ups and downs due to political and social changes. For this purpose, the researcher used a qualitative design. The participants in this study comprised 30 EFL university learners (15 males and 15 females) studying or having finished language teaching discipline. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to elicit data. The recorded interviews were transcribed, and each participant was assigned a fictitious name to protect their privacy. The transcripts as well as the researcher’s notes and memos were then returned to the participants to confirm that the data was genuine and reflected their viewpoints. The transcripts were read and reviewed a couple of times for the sake of familiarity. Then, they were transferred to a computer software called MAXQDA. As a result, a long list of codes emerged which was reduced to a smaller list of tentative categories (4 themes with 25 categories) through a constant comparative method. These four themes are, 1) positive points of socially mediated testing, 2) negative points of socially mediated testing, 3). learning measurement of socially mediated testing, and 4) goals of teachers in socially mediated testing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
33 - The Effect of Computer Anxiety and Computer Self-Efficacy on Iranian EFL Learners’ Performance in the Speaking Section of the TOEFL iBT
Khadijeh Sangi Bahram Bagheri -
Open Access Article
34 - رویکردی مبتنی بر مهارت برای ارزیابی عملکرد ترجمه دانشجویان زبان انگلیسی
Alireza Bonyadi -
Open Access Article
35 - Improving Reading IELTS Scores: Completion vs. Selection Tasks
Arshya Keyvanfar Maryam Motlagh Rahmani -
Open Access Article
36 - The legal regime governing arms control from the perspective of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
goudarz beyrami atefeh amininia soudeh shamlooThe nuclear world faces challenges in the field of arms control And seeks a unique solution for confidence-building measures for nuclear order In this regard, the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty was signed to strengthen safeguards agreements. It was designed to me MoreThe nuclear world faces challenges in the field of arms control And seeks a unique solution for confidence-building measures for nuclear order In this regard, the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty was signed to strengthen safeguards agreements. It was designed to meet the needs of a countries with nuclear weapons that are members of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.And as a single model in bilateral agreements signed between countries with safeguards agreements with the Agency. Which in practice has not fulfilled its main task of overseeing nuclear tests with the existing structure. This a article seeks to answer this question with a descriptive-analytical method.How can the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty establish a regulatory regime for the control of nuclear weapons?Research findings indicate this.With the entry into force of the treaty, the main purpose of the treaty is the control of nuclear weapons. A Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Treaty will be prepared through the Executive Agency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
37 - Distributed Black-Box Software Testing Using Negative Selection
Ramin Rahnamoun -
Open Access Article
38 - The assessment of extreme value theory and Copula - Garch models in prediction of value at risk and the expected short fall in portfolio Investment Company in Tehran stock exchange.
ali alizadeh Mirfeiz FallahThe present study has endeavored to represent a more precise model to calculate the risk of banks in this study by ARIMA-GARCH-COPULA Model has been introduced.In obtaining the iid distributions and variance estimation the mean model and conditional variance have been d MoreThe present study has endeavored to represent a more precise model to calculate the risk of banks in this study by ARIMA-GARCH-COPULA Model has been introduced.In obtaining the iid distributions and variance estimation the mean model and conditional variance have been determined and estimated simultaneously.In so doing, the ARIMA methodology has been employed to model the average return on assets of the study, and for modeling the research conditional variance of GARCH have been applied. Also mean error criterion has been used to compare the different models of VAR estimation, and for the purpose of testing statistical results backtesting methods have been employed. Based on mean error criterion, the proposed model of the study at hand has demonstrated the most accuracy The GEV model derived from the EVT has been ranked second The output of the Dow ranking method, however, has been very similar to one another According to Dow ranking method, the GEV model has had the lowest loss function at 5% level of significance, and at 1% level of significance, the HS model has demonstrated the least loss function. ES calculations have also been carried out for the four models with ARIMA-GARCH-COPULA model showing the least loss. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
39 - VaR modeling and back testing of short and long positions according to in Sample and out of Sample: application of family models Fractionally Integrated GARCH
Mansour Kashi S. Hassan Hosseyni A. Sadat niyazkhani S. Amin AbdollahiIn this study, In addition to calculate the short and long trading positions, we examined In Sample and Out of Sample VaR to assess the quality forecast model is considered. To estimate VaR Result, family models Fractionally Integrated GARCH (long term memory) shows tha MoreIn this study, In addition to calculate the short and long trading positions, we examined In Sample and Out of Sample VaR to assess the quality forecast model is considered. To estimate VaR Result, family models Fractionally Integrated GARCH (long term memory) shows that the model HYGARCH (1, d, 1) with the distribution skewed Student-t similar to the result for FIGARCH (1, d, 1) with skewed Student-t distribution for fat-tail phenomenon exhibits. A comparison of the two models with different distribution model HYGARCH (1, d, 1) with skewed Student-t distribution based on AIC criteria and maximum log-likelihood model was superior. failure rates, , and duration-based tests where were prepared for back testing in Sample VaR, Indicates that the VaR model of the student-t HYGARCH (1, d, 1) acceptable performance than other distributed models HYGARCH (1, d, 1) and the FIGARCH (1, d, 1) will be . So to estimate Out of Sample VaR by student-t HYGARCH (1, d, 1) has been paid. Like the analysis of the in sample VaR, Out of Sample VaR was compared with the observed output and results were evaluated by and DQ tests. Ultimately resulting VaR-based loss function at all levels quintile (either long or short term trading positions) shows that the model that has the characteristics of long memory in the conditional variance, minimum losses and better performance in assessment Forecast offers. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
40 - Estimation Value at Risk using by combining approach Exteme Value Theory and CIPRA at Tehran stock Exchange
Ehsan Atefi Meysam Rashidi RanjbarThe expansion of the capital market and the reduction of interest rates on commercial banks has made that investing in dominate shares as one of the most important opportunities for obtain gain on investment, which requires risk acceptance. In this paper, the goal is to MoreThe expansion of the capital market and the reduction of interest rates on commercial banks has made that investing in dominate shares as one of the most important opportunities for obtain gain on investment, which requires risk acceptance. In this paper, the goal is to extract the residual values of the logarithmic return of the Tehran stock exchange index using the CIPRA model. Then, using the extreme value theory, the extreme value model was obtained for these residual. Extreme value theory is a good approach to the estimation of high and low tails and measure such as Value Risk (VaR). In order to determine the performance of this method, another model was compared with this model using the two indexes include Tehran Stock Exchange and the Top 50 Industry Index at 99 and 99.5% for the estimated value of risk. The results of the backtesting show that the EVT-CIPRA approach works better. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
41 - OPTIMUM GENERALIZED COMPOUND LINEAR PLAN FOR MULTIPLE-STEP STEP-STRESS ACCELERATED LIFE TESTS
Navin Chandra Mashroor Ahmad Kha -
Open Access Article
42 - Investigating the Effect of Tungsten Element on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Fe-C-Ni Hard Coating
Adel Mosadeghian hamid nazemy Mohammadreza Khanzadeh Gharahshiran Mansor SadeghiNasbIn this paper, the effect of tungsten element on microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-C-Ni hard coating was investigated. Two hard coating electrodes were made with 10 and 30 gr of tungsten powder. The microstructure of the welding metals included fine carbide MoreIn this paper, the effect of tungsten element on microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-C-Ni hard coating was investigated. Two hard coating electrodes were made with 10 and 30 gr of tungsten powder. The microstructure of the welding metals included fine carbides in the area of needle martensite and residual austenite. Electron microscopy studies showed that there were very fine cracks in the weld metal martensitic phase with 10 gr of tungsten but these microscopic cracks were not found in weld metal with 30 gr of tungsten. The results of the EDS analysis showed that the amount of soluble tungsten element in the austenite phase of both welding metals is high. This amount in weld metal with 30 gr of tungsten was about 3.66% higher than the weld metal with 10 gr of tungsten. The results of the XRD analysis showed that the phases present in the weld metal with 10 gr of tungsten included martensite, austenite and W2C carbide, but in the weld metal with 30 gr of tungsten in addition to these phases also iron oxides were observed. The results of hardness test showed that the average hardness of weld metal with 10 gr of tungsten is 42.5 RC and the average hardness of welding metal with 30 gr of tungsten is 49.6 RC. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
43 - Fault Identification using end-to-end data by imperialist competitive algorithm
Farhad Rad Seyed Reza Hosseinpour Hamid Parvin -
Open Access Article
44 - The Role of Receptive and Productive Forms of Vocabulary Testing in Lexical Diversity and Lexical Cohesion Aspects of L2 Writing
Dariush Aliakbari Morteza Aslrasouli Davud KuhiWhile both reader and text variables are crucial for second language (L2) learners' success, the impact of the latter has been understudied in the literature. This study investigated the distinct roles of receptive and productive vocabulary testing formats in influencin MoreWhile both reader and text variables are crucial for second language (L2) learners' success, the impact of the latter has been understudied in the literature. This study investigated the distinct roles of receptive and productive vocabulary testing formats in influencing the lexical diversity and lexical cohesion of L2 descriptive writing. Sixty Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students were randomly assigned to a control group and two experimental groups. Vocabulary knowledge was assessed using Cloze tests (receptive) and C-tests (productive), followed by two descriptive writing tasks evaluated with computational tools. One-way ANOVA revealed that the C-test group produced more lexically cohesive essays, while the Cloze-test group exhibited greater lexical diversity in their descriptions. These findings offer valuable insights for language teachers and curriculum designers, highlighting the potential of incorporating both receptive and productive vocabulary measures to enhance various aspects of L2 writing performance. Manuscript profile
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